FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Fisher, AJ Smith, L Woods, DM AF Fisher, A. J. Smith, L. Woods, D. M. TI Climatic analysis to determine where to collect and release Puccinia jaceae var. solstitialis for biological control of yellow starthistle SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biocontrol; climate matching; CLIMEX; rust; invasive species ID UNITED-STATES; ESTABLISHMENT; RUST; SUSCEPTIBILITY; DISTRIBUTIONS; AGENTS; RANGE AB Puccinia jaceae var. solstitialis is an autoecious rust fungus that is native to areas of Afro-Eurasia with a Mediterranean climate. An isolate collected near Sivas, Turkey was released for classical biological control of yellow starthistle (YST), which is an invasive alien weed in California, USA. The fungus has been released throughout California, but long-term establishment rates are generally low, apparently because this ecotype is not well adapted to the climate where the weed is most invasive. Using a site with excellent establishment as a target, the Match Climates function in CLIMEX climate modeling software identified similar sites in and around the San Francisco Bay Area, east to the Central Valley and Sierra foothills, and along the coast of Southern California. Similar sites in other states include Walla Walla, Washington, Pendelton, Oregon and Salt Lake City, Utah. A Compare Locations model based primarily on experimentally measured temperature and humidity requirements of the rust produced similar results. Using Sacramento, California, which is in the center of YST distribution, as a target, the Match Climates function predicted that the best locations to search for rust accessions to use in California are near Tunis, Tunisia, Foggia, Italy, Khalkis, Greece, Kayseri, Turkey, and possibly Constantine, Algeria. This generally agrees with the prediction of a Compare Locations model based on the geographic distribution of YST in California. Climatic factors that limit the long-term establishment of the fungus are likely to be summer heat and/or dry stress and short dew periods. C1 [Fisher, A. J.; Smith, L.] Agr Res Serv, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA USA. [Woods, D. M.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. RP Smith, L (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA USA. EM link.smith@ars.usda.gov FU UC-IPM FX Thanks to W.L. Bruckart and J. Goolsby for comments on this manuscript. This study was financially supported by a grant from the UC-IPM Exotic/Invasive Pests and Disease Research Program. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 21 IS 3 BP 333 EP 351 DI 10.1080/09583157.2010.546522 PG 19 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 724QH UT WOS:000287590800007 ER PT J AU Abi-Ghanem, R Carpenter-Boggs, L Smith, JL AF Abi-Ghanem, Rita Carpenter-Boggs, Lynne Smith, Jeffrey L. TI Cultivar effects on nitrogen fixation in peas and lentils SO BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen fixation; Nodules; Legume varieties; Rhizobium legurninoserum ID RHIZOBIUM-LEGUMINOSARUM BIOVAR; STRAINS; LEGUMES; L.; ABUNDANCE; SOYBEANS; DILUTION; TRIFOLII; GROWTH; VICIAE AB Increasing nitrogen fixation in legume crops could increase cropping productivity and reduce nitrogen fertilizer use. Studies have found that crop genotype, rhizobial strain, and occasionally genotype-specific interactions affect N fixation, but this knowledge has not yet been used to evaluate or breed for greater N fixation in US crops. In this study five USDA varieties of lentils (Lens cu/mans Medik.) and five varieties of peas (Pisum scaivum L.) were tested with 13 to 15 commercially available strains of Rhizobium legutninoserum by. viciae to identify the better N fixing rhizobial strains, crop varieties, and specific pairings. Peas and lentils inoculated with individual strains were grown in growth chambers for 6 week. Plants received ((15)NH(4))(2) SO(4) (5 at.%) starter fertilizer to measure N fixation by isotope dilution. Belowand above-ground biomass, numbers of nodules, and the proportion of plant N supplied by fixation (PNF) were determined. The percent of N fixed was significantly affected by crop variety and significantly correlated with number of nodules in both lentils and peas. This implies that one strategy for enhancing crop N fixation is developing varieties that have higher rhizobium infection rates. Total N fixation in lentils was significantly influenced by both crop variety and rhizobial strain. Eston variety lentil and Shawnee variety pea had the highest PNF of 80.8% and 91.3%, respectively. The different strains of R. leguminoserum affected PNF in lentils but not in peas. These findings suggest that N fixation improvement in lentils and peas may be addressed most effectively by breeding crops for greater N fixation hosting capacity. C1 [Abi-Ghanem, Rita; Carpenter-Boggs, Lynne] Washington State Univ, Ctr Sustaining Ag & Nat Resources Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Smith, Jeffrey L.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Land Management & Water Conservat Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Abi-Ghanem, R (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Ctr Sustaining Ag & Nat Resources Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM rita_ag@wsu.edu; lcboggs@wsu.edu; jlsmith@wsu.edu NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-2762 J9 BIOL FERT SOILS JI Biol. Fertil. Soils PD JAN PY 2011 VL 47 IS 1 BP 115 EP 120 DI 10.1007/s00374-010-0492-6 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 719AY UT WOS:000287172800013 ER PT J AU Arora, A Seth, A Dien, BS Belyea, RL Singh, V Tumbleson, ME Rausch, KD AF Arora, Amit Seth, Anupam Dien, Bruce S. Belyea, Ronald L. Singh, Vijay Tumbleson, M. E. Rausch, Kent D. TI Microfiltration of thin stillage: Process simulation and economic analyses SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Corn; Dry grind; Ethanol; Thin stillage; Microfiltration; Flux ID REVERSE-OSMOSIS; HEAT-EXCHANGERS; OPTIMAL-DESIGN; ULTRAFILTRATION; MEMBRANES; NETWORKS; SYSTEM; FLUX AB In plant scale operations, multistage membrane systems have been adopted for cost minimization. We considered design optimization and operation of a continuous microfiltration (MF) system for the corn dry grind process. The objectives were to develop a model to simulate a multistage MF system, optimize area requirements and stages required for a multistage system and perform economic analysis of a multistage MF system for a 40 million gal/yr ethanol plant. Total area requirement decreased with number of stages but there was tradeoff between higher capital costs involved at higher number of stages. To achieve thin stillage total solids concentration from 7 to 35%, a 5 stage membrane system was found to be optimum with area requirement of 655 m(2) for minimum cost. Increase in the input stream flow rate from 1.54 x 10(6) to 2.89 x 10(6) L/day significantly increased the total capital cost of the system by 47%. Compared to a single stage system, an optimal system had a 50% reduction in operating costs. Optimal system also showed potential to process more than twice the amount of thin stillage compared to a 4 effect evaporator system for given conditions. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Arora, Amit; Seth, Anupam; Singh, Vijay; Tumbleson, M. E.; Rausch, Kent D.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Dien, Bruce S.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Belyea, Ronald L.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Rausch, KD (reprint author), Univ Illinois, 1304 W Penn Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM krausch@illinois.edu OI Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 35 IS 1 BP 113 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.08.024 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 715SC UT WOS:000286905300013 ER PT J AU Gao, SD Hanson, BD Wang, D Browne, GT Qin, RJ Ajwa, HA Yates, SR AF Gao, Suduan Hanson, Bradley D. Wang, Dong Browne, Gregory T. Qin, Ruijun Ajwa, Husein A. Yates, Scott R. TI Methods evaluated to minimize emissions from preplant soil fumigation SO CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE LA English DT Review ID METHYL-BROMIDE EMISSION; AMMONIUM THIOSULFATE; CHLOROPICRIN EMISSIONS; DRIP APPLICATION; SHANK INJECTION; SURFACE SEALS; FIELD-TESTS; 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE; FUMIGANTS; VOLATILIZATION AB Many commodities depend on preplant soil fumigation for pest control to achieve healthy crops and profitable yields. Under California regulations, minimizing emissions is essential to maintain the practical use of soil fumigants, and more stringent regulations are likely in the future. The phase-out of methyl bromide as a broad-spectrum soil fumigant has created formidable challenges. Most alternatives registered today are regulated as volatile organic compounds because of their toxicity and mobile nature. We review research on methods for minimizing emissions from soil fumigation, including the effectiveness of their emission reductions, impacts on pest control and cost. Low-permeability plastic mulches are highly effective but are generally affordable only in high-value cash crops such as strawberry. Crops with low profit margins such as stone-fruit orchards may require lower-cost methods such as water treatment or target-area fumigation. C1 [Gao, Suduan; Wang, Dong] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Hanson, Bradley D.; Qin, Ruijun; Ajwa, Husein A.] UC Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA USA. [Browne, Gregory T.] UC Davis, USDA ARS, Pacific Area Wide Pest Management Program, Davis, CA USA. [Yates, Scott R.] USDA ARS, Contaminant Fate & Transport Unit, Riverside, CA USA. RP Gao, SD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RI Qin, Ruijun/F-3469-2011 NR 39 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 16 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA, OAKLAND, DIVISION AGRICULTURE & NATURAL RESOURCES PI OAKLAND PA 1111 FRANKLIN ST, 6TH FLOOR, OAKLAND, CA 94607-5200 USA SN 0008-0845 J9 CALIF AGR JI Calif. Agric. PD JAN-MAR PY 2011 VL 65 IS 1 BP 41 EP 46 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 705LF UT WOS:000286129200012 ER PT J AU Fathelrahman, EM Ascough, JC Hoag, DL Malone, RW Heilman, P Wiles, LJ Kanwar, RS AF Fathelrahman, Eihab M. Ascough, James C., II Hoag, Dana L. Malone, Robert W. Heilman, Philip Wiles, Lori J. Kanwar, Ramesh S. TI ECONOMIC AND STOCHASTIC EFFICIENCY COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENTAL TILLAGE SYSTEMS IN CORN AND SOYABEAN UNDER RISK SO EXPERIMENTAL AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article AB There are many reasons why agricultural researchers carefully evaluate approaches to experimental data analysis. Agricultural experiments are typically highly complex, with many types of variables often collected at a wide range of temporal and spatial scales. Furthermore, research in the developing world is often conducted on-farm where simple and conventional experimental designs are often unsuitable. Recently, a variant of stochastic dominance called stochastic efficiency with respect to a function (SERF) has been developed and used to analyse long-term experimental data. Unlike traditional stochastic dominance approaches, SERF uses the concept of certainty equivalents (CEs) to rank a set of risk-efficient alternatives instead of finding a subset of dominated alternatives. This study evaluates the efficacy of the SERF methodology for analysing conventional and conservation tillage systems using 14 years (1990-2003) of economic budget data collected from 36 experimental plots at the Iowa State University Northeast Research Station near Nashua, IA, USA. Specifically, the SERF approach is used to examine which of two different tillage systems (chisel plough and no-till) on continuous corn (Zea mays) and corn/soyabean (Glycine max) rotation cropping systems are the most risk-efficient in terms of maximizing economic profitability (gross margin and net return) by crop across a range of risk aversion preferences. lit addition to the SERF analysis, we also conduct an economic analysis of the tillage system alternatives using mean-standard deviation and coefficient of variation for ranking purposes. Decision criteria analysis of the economic measures alone provided somewhat contradictive and non-conclusive rankings, e.g. examination of the decision criteria results for gross margin and net return showed that different tillage system alternatives were the highest ranked depending on the criterion and the cropping system (e.g. individual or rotation). SERF analysis results for the tillage systems were also dependent on the cropping system (individual, rotation or whole-farm combined) and economic outcome of interest (gross margin or net return) but only marginally on the level of risk aversion. For the individual cropping systems (continuous corn, rotation corn and rotation soyabean), the no-till tillage and rotation soyabean system was the most preferred anti the chisel plough tillage and continuous corn system the least preferred across the entire range of risk aversion for both gross margin anti net return. The no-till tillage system was preferred to the chisel plough tillage system when ranking within the continuous corn and the corn-soyabean rotation cropping systems for both gross margin and net return. Finally, when analysing the tillage system alternatives on a whole-farm basis (i.e. combined continuous corn and corn-soybean rotation), the no-till tillage system was clearly preferred to the chisel plough tillage system for both gross margin and net return. This study indicates that the SERF method appears to be a useful and easily understood tool to assist farm managers, experimental researchers and, potentially, policy makers and advisers on problems involving agricultural risk. C1 [Ascough, James C., II] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Fathelrahman, Eihab M.; Hoag, Dana L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Malone, Robert W.] ARS, USDA, Agr Land & Watershed Management Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Heilman, Philip] ARS, USDA, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Wiles, Lori J.] ARS, USDA, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Kanwar, Ramesh S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ascough, JC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM jim.ascough@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0014-4797 J9 EXP AGR JI Exp. Agric. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 47 IS 1 BP 111 EP 136 DI 10.1017/S0014479710000979 PG 26 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 724DN UT WOS:000287556400006 ER PT J AU Albrecht, U Bowman, KD AF Albrecht, Ute Bowman, Kim D. TI Tolerance of the Trifoliate Citrus Hybrid US-897 (Citrus reticulata Blanco x Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf.) to Huanglongbing SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE citrus disease; citrus greening; disease resistance; plant bacteria ID CANDIDATUS LIBERIBACTER-ASIATICUS; AMERICANUS; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; SINENSIS; DISEASE; FLORIDA; SEEDS AB Huanglongbing (HLB) is a destructive disease of citrus in most citrus-producing countries worldwide. The disease, presumably caused by phloem-limited bacteria of the genus Candidatus Liberibacter, affects all known citrus species and citrus relatives with little known resistance. Typical disease symptoms are the production of abnormal-looking fruit and chlorosis or blotchy mottle of the leaves followed at advanced stages by tree decline and death. Trifoliate orange (P. trifoliata L. Raf.) and some of its hybrids reportedly lack distinct disease symptoms despite infection with the pathogen. US-897 is a hybrid of trifoliate orange and 'Cleopatra' mandarin (C. reticulata Blanco), the latter being highly susceptible to HLB. This study investigated whether field-grown, naturally infected trees and greenhouse-grown, graft-inoculated seedlings of this genotype display tolerance or resistance to HLB. It was shown that naturally infected US-897 trees exhibited no distinct disease symptoms commonly associated with HLB, except for the occurrence of few mottled leaves in a small percentage of trees. Analysis of fruit and seed from infected trees did not detect any growth reduction or otherwise negative impact on development. Graft-inoculated US-897 seedlings became polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive for the pathogen but exhibited a superior performance compared with 'Cleopatra' mandarin seedlings, which displayed severe disease symptoms soon after inoculation. Despite infection, most US-897 seedlings did not develop leaf symptoms typical for HLB. Foliar symptoms observed in a small number of plants at later stages of the disease were faint and difficult to discern. Contrary to 'Cleopatra' seedlings, growth in stem diameter was only moderately reduced or unaffected in infected US-897 seedlings. The superior performance of US-897 plants in greenhouse and field locations suggest tolerance of this genotype to Ca. L. asiaticus. C1 [Albrecht, Ute; Bowman, Kim D.] ARS, US Hort Res Lab, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Albrecht, U (reprint author), ARS, US Hort Res Lab, USDA, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM ute.albrecht@ars.usda.gov FU Florida Citrus Production Research Advisory Council FX This research was supported in part by grants from the Florida Citrus Production Research Advisory Council. NR 31 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2011 VL 46 IS 1 BP 16 EP 22 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 708IP UT WOS:000286355800004 ER PT J AU Arias, RS Techen, N Rinehart, TA Olsen, RT Kirkbride, JH Scheffler, BE AF Arias, Renee S. Techen, Natascha Rinehart, Timothy A. Olsen, Richard T. Kirkbride, Joseph H., Jr. Scheffler, Brian E. TI Development of Simple Sequence Repeat Markers for Chionanthus retusus (Oleaceae) and Effective Discrimination of Closely Related Taxa SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE DNA fingerprinting; STR markers; Chionanthus pygmaeus; Chionanthus virginicus; Osmanthus americanus; fringetree ID EUROPAEA L.; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS AB The genus Chionanthus (Oleaceae Hoffmans. & Link) includes deciduous or evergreen trees and shrubs distributed widely in tropical and sub-tropical areas, including a few temperate species. Although Chionanthus species are planted as ornamental garden plants and commercialized for natural products, genetic information for Chionanthus spp. is lacking. We created microsatellite-enriched libraries of Chionanthus retusus Lindl. & Paxton, assembled 1072 contigs, and detected 1010 repeats. The frequency of the repeats decreased with the increase in repeat length, and the most abundant motifs were: AG, AC, AAG, ACC, AT, and ACTC. We screened 384 markers on 12 accessions of four related taxa that included C. retusus, Chionanthus virginicus L., Chionanthus pygmaeus Small, and Osmanthus americanus (L.) Benth. & Hook. A total of 195 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers amplified and discriminated six accessions of C. retusus and 57 SSR markers amplified and discriminated across the four Oleaceae species screened. To identify the best markers to use in future experiments, the "Unique Pattern Informative Combination" (UPIC) values were calculated for all the markers and the 100 markers that were most effective are reported here. The percentage of heterozygous loci across the 384 markers was lowest for C. realist's (29.3%) and highest for O. americanus (68.9%). The SSR markers developed here could assist in taxonomy and hybridization investigations for breeding programs and authentication of varieties used as medicinal plants. C1 [Arias, Renee S.; Scheffler, Brian E.] ARS, USDA, Genom & Bioinformat Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Techen, Natascha] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Sch Pharm, University, MS 38677 USA. [Rinehart, Timothy A.] ARS, USDA, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Olsen, Richard T.; Kirkbride, Joseph H., Jr.] ARS, US Natl Arboretum, USDA, Washington, DC 20002 USA. RP Scheffler, BE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Genom & Bioinformat Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM brian.scheffler@ars.usda.gov OI Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 FU USDA-ARS [6401-21000-001-00, 6402-21310-003-00] FX This work was supported by USDA-ARS project no. 6401-21000-001-00 and 6402-21310-003-00. We thank Xiaofen (Fanny) Liu for library sequencing. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this manuscript is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2011 VL 46 IS 1 BP 23 EP 29 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 708IP UT WOS:000286355800005 ER PT J AU Copes, WE Blythe, EK AF Copes, Warren E. Blythe, Eugene K. TI Rooting Response of Azalea Cultivars to Hot Water Treatment Used for Pathogen Control SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE azalea web blight; cutting propagation; Rhizoctonia; sanitation; thermotherapy ID HEAT-TREATMENT; THERMOTHERAPY; MANAGEMENT; CUTTINGS AB Submerging terminal leafy cuttings of Rhododendron L. 'Gump White' ('Gumpo White' azalea) in 50 degrees C water for 21 min was previously shown to eliminate binucleate Rhizoctonia species, the cause of azalea web blight, from plant tissues. Before considering commercial use of this practice, a better understanding of the rooting response and tissue sensitivity of evergreen azalea cultivars to 50 degrees C water was needed; therefore, the current study was conducted. Terminal cuttings of the azalea cultivars Conleb (Autumn Embers), Fashion, Formosa, Gumpo White, Hardy Gardenia, Hershey Red, Macrantha Pink, Midnight Flare, Red Ruffles, Renee Michelle, Roblel (Autumn Debutante), and Watchet were collected and submerged or not submerged in 50 degrees C water for 20 min before propagation in one experiment. All 12 cultivars tolerated 50 degrees C water for 20 min. Cuttings collected from the 12 cultivars were submerged in 50 degrees C water for 20, 40, 60, and 80 min in a second experiment. The cultivars varied in sensitivity when exposed to 50 degrees C water for 60 to 80 min resulting in differing responses in root development and final leaf count. In a third experiment, degrees of leaf damage caused by hot water submersion or by leaf removal were evaluated for the effect on root development and subsequent leaf count on rooted cuttings of Gumpo White' and 'Roblel'. Induced incremental increases in leaf damage from hot water resulted in incremental reductions in the final leaf count and extent of root development for 'Gumpo White' and 'Roblel' while increasing percentage of leaf removal caused no reduction until 75% or greater leaf area was removed. Despite the risk imposed by submersing azalea cuttings in 50 degrees C water, all 12 azalea cultivars were tolerant of submersion durations long enough to eliminate binucleate Rhizoctonia species from stem and leaf tissue with only a low likelihood of sustaining detrimental damage. C1 [Copes, Warren E.] ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Blythe, Eugene K.] Mississippi State Univ, Coastal Res & Extens Ctr, S Mississippi Branch, Expt Stn, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Copes, WE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. EM warren.copes@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2011 VL 46 IS 1 BP 52 EP 56 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 708IP UT WOS:000286355800010 ER PT J AU Chen, GQ AF Chen, Grace Q. TI Effective Reduction of Chimeric Tissue in Transgenics for the Stable Genetic Transformation of Lesquerella fendleri SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Lesquerella fendleri; Agrobacterium-mediated transformation; beta-glucuronidase; hygromycine phosphotransferase II; shoot regeneration; chimera; segregation analysis ID AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; LESQUEROLIC ACID; OIL CONTENT; SEED OIL; PLANTS; TUMEFACIENS; REGENERANTS; INTEGRATION; SELECTION; EXPLANTS AB To improve the potential of Lesquerella fendleri as a valuable industrial oilseed crop, a stable genetic transformation system was developed. Genetic transformation was performed by inoculating leaf segments with an Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL1 containing binary vector pCAMBIA 1301.1, which contains a beta-glucuronidase gene as a reporter gene and hygromycine phosphotransferase II as a selection marker gene. Primary shoots were regenerated from the leaf segments on the half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, and hygromycin. The frequency of primary shoot generation was between 22.5% and 60%, and 81.1% to 89.3% of these shoots were chimeras. The high frequency of chimeras was probably the result of efficient protection from the hygromycin of non-transformed cells by adjacent transformed ones. The non-transformed cells were removed by multiple rounds of successive shoot regenerations. The purified isogenic shoots were subcultured and roots were induced on the MS medium plus indole-3-butyric acid. Most of the plantlets were able to establish roots and acclimate successfully in the greenhouse. The insertion of the hptII gene was confirmed by segregation analysis in T1 seeds, and the stable inheritance of the transgenes was demonstrated by the characterization transgenic lines through T2 generation. This transformation system can be used to obtain stable transgenic lines for genetic engineering of L. fendleri. C1 ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 95710 USA. RP Chen, GQ (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 95710 USA. EM grace.chen@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS Current Research Information System (CRIS) [5325-2100-016-00D] FX The work was supported by the USDA-ARS Current Research Information System (CRIS) Project 5325-2100-016-00D. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2011 VL 46 IS 1 BP 86 EP 90 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 708IP UT WOS:000286355800016 ER PT J AU Bryla, DR Gartung, JL Strik, BC AF Bryla, David R. Gartung, Jim L. Strik, Bernadine C. TI Evaluation of Irrigation Methods for Highbush Blueberry-I. Growth and Water Requirements of Young Plants SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Vaccinium corymbosum; crop evapotranspiration; irrigation scheduling; leaf nitrogen; microirrigation; soil water availability; water use efficiency ID RABBITEYE BLUEBERRIES; PYTHIUM INFECTION; PHYTOPHTHORA; CULTIVAR; GEOMETRY; FLORIDA; YIELD AB A study was conducted in a new field of northern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. 'Elliott') to determine the effects of different irrigation methods on growth and water requirements of uncropped plants during the first 2 years after planting. The plants were grown on mulched, raised beds and irrigated by sprinklers, microsprays, or drip at a rate of 50%, 100%, and 150% of the estimated crop evapotranspiration (ETc) requirement. After 2 years, drip irrigation at 100% ET, produced the most growth among the irrigation methods with at least 42% less water than needed for maximum growth with microsprays and 56% less water than needed with sprinklers. Drip irrigation also maintained higher soil water content in the vicinity of the roots than the other methods but reduced growth when plants were over-irrigated at 150% ETc. Only 570 mm of irrigation water, or the equivalent of 1320 L per plant, was required over two seasons to reach maximum total plant dry weight with drip, whereas 980 mm or more water was needed with sprinklers and microsprays. Consequently, irrigation water use efficiency (defined as the difference in plant biomass produced under irrigated and rain-fed conditions divided by the total amount of irrigation water applied) was significantly higher with drip than with the other irrigation methods, averaging 0.41 g of total dry weight per liter of drip irrigation. In terms of both growth and water use, drip irrigation was the best and most efficient method to establish the plants. C1 [Bryla, David R.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Gartung, Jim L.] ARS, USDA, Water Management Res Lab, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Strik, Bernadine C.] OR State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Bryla, DR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM david.bryla@ars.usda.gov FU Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research FX Financial support was provided by the Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2011 VL 46 IS 1 BP 95 EP 101 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 708IP UT WOS:000286355800018 ER PT J AU Bell, RL van der Zwet, T AF Bell, Richard L. van der Zwet, Tom TI 'Sunrise' Pear SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Pyrus communis; P. pyrifolia; cultivar; breeding; disease resistance; fire blight; Erwinia amylovora; fruit quality; storage life C1 [Bell, Richard L.; van der Zwet, Tom] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Bell, RL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM richard.bell@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2011 VL 46 IS 1 BP 118 EP 120 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 708IP UT WOS:000286355800022 ER PT J AU Jackson, DM Harrison, HF Thies, JA Bohac, JR Mueller, JD AF Jackson, D. Michael Harrison, Howard F. Thies, Judy A. Bohac, Janice R. Mueller, J. D. TI 'Liberty' Dry-fleshed Sweetpotato SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE vegetable breeding; Ipomoea batatas; sweetpotato; disease resistance; root-knot nematode resistance; soil insect resistance; fusarium wilt resistance ID MULTIPLE-PEST; RESISTANT; GENOTYPES; REGAL C1 [Jackson, D. Michael; Harrison, Howard F.; Thies, Judy A.; Bohac, Janice R.] ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Mueller, J. D.] Clemson Univ, Edisto Res & Educ Ctr, Blackville, SC 29817 USA. RP Jackson, DM (reprint author), ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM mike.jackson@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2011 VL 46 IS 1 BP 125 EP 129 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 708IP UT WOS:000286355800025 ER PT J AU Levi, A Thies, JA Simmons, AM Harrison, H Hassell, R Keinath, A AF Levi, Amnon Thies, Judy A. Simmons, Alvin M. Harrison, Howard Hassell, Richard Keinath, Anthony TI USVL-220, a Novel Watermelon Breeding Line SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID CITRULLUS-COLOCYNTHIS; MITOCHONDRIAL GENOMES; MALE-STERILITY; GENETIC BASE; CHLOROPLAST; GYNODIOECY; PLANT; POLYMORPHISM; RESISTANCE; EVOLUTION C1 [Levi, Amnon; Thies, Judy A.; Simmons, Alvin M.; Harrison, Howard] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Hassell, Richard; Keinath, Anthony] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Levi, A (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM Amnon.Levi@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2011 VL 46 IS 1 BP 135 EP 138 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 708IP UT WOS:000286355800028 ER PT J AU Pooler, MR AF Pooler, Margaret R. TI 'Anacostia' Camellia SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Pooler, MR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 010A, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Margaret.Pooler@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2011 VL 46 IS 1 BP 139 EP 140 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 708IP UT WOS:000286355800029 ER PT J AU Stringer, SJ Marshall, DA Gray, DJ AF Stringer, Stephen J. Marshall, Donna A. Gray, Dennis J. TI 'Eudora' Muscadine Grape SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Stringer, Stephen J.; Marshall, Donna A.] USDA ARS, SHL, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Gray, Dennis J.] Univ Florida, IFAS, Midflorida Res & Educ Ctr, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. RP Stringer, SJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, SHL, 810 Highway 26 W, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. EM Stephen.Stringer@ars.usda.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2011 VL 46 IS 1 BP 143 EP 144 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 708IP UT WOS:000286355800031 ER PT J AU Healey, SP Lapoint, E Moisen, GG Powell, SL AF Healey, Sean P. Lapoint, Elizabeth Moisen, Gretchen G. Powell, Scott L. TI Maintaining the confidentiality of plot locations by exploiting the low sensitivity of forest structure models to different spectral extraction kernels SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID REGRESSION; IMAGERY; CLASSIFICATION AB The United States Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) unit maintains a large national network of inventory plots. While the consistency and extent of this network make FIA data attractive for ecological modelling, the FIA is charged by statute not to publicly reveal inventory plot locations. However, use of FIA plot data by the remote sensing community often requires that plot measurements be matched with spatially correspondent values from spectral or geographic data layers. Extracting spatial data in a known way and associating it with plot information leaves open the possibility that a user might use extracted spatial characteristics and a moving window filter to directly infer the plot's location. Direct inference of plot location in this way would be impossible, however, if the original method of sampling the geographic data was unknown. Tests using five Landsat scenes covering a wide range of ecological types showed that varying the weights of pixels within approximately 50 m of the plot centre has little effect on the quality of subsequent models predicting basal area. This finding may support the development of automated extraction routines that vary (perhaps randomly) the geographic data extraction process and therefore increase the security of FIA plot locations. C1 [Healey, Sean P.; Moisen, Gretchen G.] US Forest Serv, Forest Inventory & Anal Unit, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. [Lapoint, Elizabeth] US Forest Serv, Forest Inventory & Anal Unit, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Powell, Scott L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Healey, SP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Inventory & Anal Unit, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 507 25th St, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. EM seanhealey@fs.fed.us FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) FX The authors acknowledge the support of National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Applied Sciences Program, and wish to thank the following for helpful comments and suggestions: Ray Czaplewski, Tracey Frescino and Dale Weyermann. The North American Forest Disturbance project contributed vital imagery and image processing to this work. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2011 VL 32 IS 1 BP 287 EP 297 DI 10.1080/01431160903464120 PG 11 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 717DE UT WOS:000287022500017 ER PT J AU Hernandez, JE Merkley, GP AF Hernandez, J. E. Merkley, G. P. TI Canal Structure Automation Rules Using an Accuracy-Based Learning Classifier System, a Genetic Algorithm, and a Hydraulic Simulation Model. I: Design SO JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Canal gate automation; Hydraulic modeling; Genetic algorithm; Classifier system ID WATER DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS; IRRIGATION CANALS; LEVEL CONTROLLER; DRAINAGE CANALS; SLOPING CANALS; OPERATION; FLOW; CALIBRATION; LOGIC; GATES AB Using state-of-the-art computational techniques, a genetic algorithm (GA) and an accuracy-based learning classifier system (XCS) were shown to produce optimal operational solutions for gate structures in irrigation canals. An XCS successfully developed a set of operational rules for canal gates through the exploration and exploitation of rules using a GA, with the support of an unsteady-state hydraulic simulation model. A computer program which implemented the XCS was used to develop operational rules to operate all canal gate structures simultaneously, while maintaining water depth near target values during variable-demand periods, and with a hydraulically stabilized system when demands no longer changed. This model can be applied to canal networks with constant or variable demands within the limits of current hydraulic simulation capabilities. The program output is a set of feasible and optimal operating rules for multiple gate structures, facilitating the automation of open-channel irrigation conveyance systems. Results from sample applications of this technique are presented in the companion paper. C1 [Merkley, G. P.] Utah State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Hernandez, J. E.] ARS, USDA, CPRL, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP Merkley, GP (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM jairo.hernandez@ars.usda.gov; gary.merkley@usu.edu FU Utah Agricultural Experiment Station FX Support from the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station is gratefully acknowledged. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9437 J9 J IRRIG DRAIN E-ASCE JI J. Irrig. Drainage Eng-ASCE PD JAN PY 2011 VL 137 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000268 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Engineering; Water Resources GA 695IG UT WOS:000285363200001 ER PT J AU Hernandez, JE Merkley, GP AF Hernandez, J. E. Merkley, G. P. TI Canal Structure Automation Rules Using an Accuracy-Based Learning Classifier System, a Genetic Algorithm, and a Hydraulic Simulation Model. II: Results SO JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Canal gate automation; Hydraulic modeling; Genetic algorithm; Classifier system AB An accuracy-based learning classifier system (XCS), as described in a companion paper (Part I: Design), was developed and evaluated to produce operational rules for canal gate structures. The XCS was applied together with a genetic algorithm and an unsteady hydraulic simulation model, which was used to predict responses to gate operation rules. In the tested cases, from 100 to 2,000 XCS simulations, each involving thousands of hydraulic simulations, were required to produce satisfactory rules. However, the overall fitness of the set of rules increased monotonically as XCS simulations progressed. Initial fitness started at an arbitrary value, and rules increased in strength by better achieving operational objectives during the training process. Fewer XCS iterations were required to increase the fitness as the rule population evolved. Calculated water depths approached the respective target depths for variable water delivery demand through turnout structures in the simulated canal systems. The water depth achieved stabilization inside a dead band of +/- 8% of the target depth after applying different turnout demand hydrographs to each reach. The calculated depth was inside the dead band 92% of the time in Reach 1, and 73% of the time in Reach 2 for the constant supply experiment. The water depth was inside the dead band 100% of the time in Reach 1, and 76% of the time in Reach 2 for the variable-supply experiment. C1 [Merkley, G. P.] Utah State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Hernandez, J. E.] ARS, USDA, CPRL, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP Merkley, GP (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM jairo.hernandez@ars.usda.gov; gary.merkley@usu.edu FU Utah Agricultural Experiment Station FX Support from the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station is gratefully acknowledged. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9437 J9 J IRRIG DRAIN E-ASCE JI J. Irrig. Drainage Eng-ASCE PD JAN PY 2011 VL 137 IS 1 BP 12 EP 16 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000267 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Engineering; Water Resources GA 695IG UT WOS:000285363200002 ER PT J AU Osborne, SL Riedell, WE AF Osborne, S. L. Riedell, W. E. TI IMPACT OF LOW RATES OF NITROGEN APPLIED AT PLANTING ON SOYBEAN NITROGEN FIXATION SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE soybean; nitrogen; soil fertility ID STARTER NITROGEN; YIELD; FERTILIZATION; NODULATION; N-15; ACID AB Environmental conditions in the northern Great Plains can delay emergence, nitrogen (N) fixation and growth of soybean due to cool and wet soil conditions at planting. The objective was to evaluate the impact of low rates of N applied at planting on soybean N fixation and crop growth. A field experiment was established within corn soybean rotation using a split-plot design with four replications. Whole plots were no-tillage and conventional tillage and split plots were starter fertilizer. Nitrogen sources were ammonium nitrate or urea applied at four rates. The amount of plant N fixation increased with growth stage reaching a maximum fixation at the R5 growth stages. Plant ureide content decrease with increase N applied for all growth stages except R7. The increase in plant biomass contributed to an overall increase in yield indicating that in unfavorable environments application of N at planting can have a positive impact on soybean growth. C1 [Osborne, S. L.; Riedell, W. E.] USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Osborne, SL (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM shannon.osborne@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PY 2011 VL 34 IS 3 BP 436 EP 448 DI 10.1080/01904167.2011.536883 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 717GA UT WOS:000287030400010 ER PT J AU Bay-Smidt, MGK Jager, AK Krydsfeldt, K Meerow, AW Stafford, GI Van Staden, J Ronsted, N AF Bay-Smidt, M. G. K. Jager, A. K. Krydsfeldt, K. Meerow, A. W. Stafford, G. I. Van Staden, J. Ronsted, N. TI Phylogenetic selection of target species in Amaryllidaceae tribe Haemantheae for acetylcholinesterase inhibition and affinity to the serotonin reuptake transport protein SO SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Acetylcholinesterase; Amaryllidaceae; Drug discovery; Internal transcribed spacer; Phylogeny; Serotonin-reuptake-transport-protein; trnL-F ID RAT-BRAIN; ALKALOIDS; PLANTS; MEDICINE; GALANTHAMINE; VARIABILITY; DISCOVERY; SEQUENCES; BINDING; DRUG AB We present phylogenetic analyses of 37 taxa of Amaryllidaceae, tribe Haemantheae and Amatyllis belladonna L. as an outgroup, in order to provide a phylogenetic framework for the selection of candidate plants for lead discoveries in relation to Alzheimer's disease and depression. DNA sequences from the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the plastid trnL-F regions were used. Maximum parsimony analyses provide increased support for the sister relationship of lidemantints and Scadoxus. Within Haemanthus, a well supported clade (89% BS) corresponds to a summer rainfall group (mainly Eastern Cape) with white-pale pink flowers. A second strongly supported clade (100% BS) corresponds to a winter rainfall group (mainly Western Cape) with red-pale pink flowers. Haemanthus montanus, which is from the summer rainfall region, is sister to the winter rainfall group. Alkaloid profiles and bioactivity profiles were investigated for 16 taxa using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC MS) and assays measuring acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition and affinity to the serotonin reuptake transport protein (SERT). No alkaloids were detected by GC MS in extracts of the two species of Gethyllis included in the present study suggesting that Gethyllis (and possibly Apodolirion) species may not produce the alkaloids characteristic for the family. AChE inhibitory activity was found in all investigated clades except the Apodolirion Gethyllis clade, which can be explained by the apparent lack of alkaloids in this clade. In spite of infra-specific variability of alkaloid profiles observed, dose-dependent SERT activity appears to be pronounced and restricted to the genus Haemanthus within tribe Haemantheae. Three of eight Haemanthus species tested had 1050 <10 jig/ml. Two of the most active extracts in the present study contained primarily montanine type alkaloids which have not been tested for SERT affinity previously. Simultaneous evaluation of bioactivity and alkaloid profiles in a phylogenetic framework can potentially be used to select candidate species for phytotherapy and drug discovery. (C) 2010 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bay-Smidt, M. G. K.; Jager, A. K.; Krydsfeldt, K.; Stafford, G. I.; Ronsted, N.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Med Chem, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Meerow, A. W.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Meerow, A. W.] Fairchild Trop Garden, Miami, FL 33156 USA. [Stafford, G. I.; Van Staden, J.] Univ KwaZulu Natal Pietermaritzburg, Res Ctr Plant Growth & Dev, Sch Biol & Conservat Sci, ZA-3201 Scottsville, South Africa. RP Ronsted, N (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Med Chem, Univ Pk 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. EM nr@farma.ku.dk RI Stafford, Gary/E-8668-2011; Ronsted, Nina/A-5065-2013 OI Stafford, Gary/0000-0003-0198-0955; Ronsted, Nina/0000-0002-2002-5809 FU Danish Council for Independent Research - Natural Sciences and a Marie Curie International Incoming [272-07-0281]; European Community [235167] FX NR thanks the Botanical Gardens of the University of Copenhagen for plant material. This research was supported by a Steno grant (No. 272-07-0281) to NR from the Danish Council for Independent Research - Natural Sciences and a Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme to GIS and NR (No. 235167). NR 44 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0254-6299 J9 S AFR J BOT JI S. Afr. J. Bot. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 77 IS 1 BP 175 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.sajb.2010.07.016 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 721KA UT WOS:000287350800020 ER PT J AU Eyherabide, JJ Cendoya, MG Forcella, F Irazazabal, M AF Eyherabide, Juan J. Cendoya, Maria G. Forcella, Frank Irazazabal, Marisol TI Number of Solaria Needed to Predict Weed Seedlings in Two Summer Crops SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bioeconomic models; site-specific weed management; weed control; weed seedling prediction; weed; thresholds ID SOYBEAN GLYCINE-MAX; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; POPULATIONS; MANAGEMENT; CORN; MAPS; SOIL; DEPENDENCE; DENSITIES AB The utility of solaria (1 by 1-m plastic sheets) to predict densities of a few weed species in summer crops has been demonstrated previously, but needed further research to be adopted by farmers and advisors. We tested the method to detect important weeds in Argentina and Minnesota, and determined the minimum number of solaria required to predict the presence of emerged weed seedlings in the forthcoming growing season. Three experiments were performed in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, and one in Minnesota. Solaria were placed in fields with different previous crops and soil management: no tillage (two fields) and conventional tillage (two fields). Preceding crops were corn (one field), wheat (one field), and double-cropped wheat/soybean (two fields). After weeds were enumerated, solaria were removed, sunflower (one field) and soybean (three fields) were planted, and weeds later assessed in each crop. Results indicate that one solarium per 1.9 ha can detect common lambsquarters with 95% confidence within the next summer crop. For other species, one solarium per 4.2, 1.2, 1.0, and 1.8 to 2.7 ha (depending upon field site) for large crabgrass, prostrate knotweed, wild buckwheat, and green foxtail, respectively, was required. The low cost and simplicity of assessment make this technique more suitable than that of soil seed-bank samples to predict weed emergence. The number of solaria required to forecast weed infestation levels confidently is sufficiently low that their use may be justified, especially in small fields of high-value crops. C1 [Eyherabide, Juan J.] Natl Univ Mar Plata, Coll Agr Sci, Dept Crop Prod Soils & Agr Engn, RA-7620 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. USDA ARS, Morris, MN 56267 USA. RP Eyherabide, JJ (reprint author), Natl Univ Mar Plata, Coll Agr Sci, Dept Crop Prod Soils & Agr Engn, Ruta 226 Km 73,5 Balcarce, RA-7620 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM jymeyherabide@gmail.com OI Cendoya, Maria Gabriela/0000-0002-2523-3930 NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2011 VL 25 IS 1 BP 113 EP 118 DI 10.1614/WT-D-10-00071.1 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 725XF UT WOS:000287679500019 ER PT J AU Handiseni, M Brown, J Zemetra, R Mazzola, M AF Handiseni, Maxwell Brown, Jack Zemetra, Robert Mazzola, Mark TI Herbicidal Activity of Brassicaceae Seed Meal on Wild Oat (Avena fatua), Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), Redroot Pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), and Prickly Lettuce (Lactuca serriola) SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alternative weed management; bioherbicide; mustard meal; nonsynthetic pesticides ID THIOCYANATE SCN-PRODUCTION; WEED SUPPRESSION; ISOTHIOCYANATES; NAPUS; REGISTRATION; INHIBITION; MANAGEMENT; AMENDMENT; MUSTARD AB The need for sustainable agricultural-production systems has generated demand for effective, nonsynthetic, alternative weed-control strategies. For some vegetable crops there are few herbicide options available, and there is little prospect of new herbicides being registered for vegetable crops. Brassicaceae seed meal, a residue product of the seed oil extraction process, can provide a resource for supplemental nutrients, disease control, and weed suppression. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different Brassicaceae seed meals and application rates on the emergence of wild oat, Italian ryegrass, prickly lettuce, and redroot pigweed, which are some of the major weeds in vegetable production systems. White mustard seed, Indian mustard seed, and rapeseed meals were used with (intact) or without a functional myrosinase enzyme (denatured). Intact white mustard seed meals applied at a rate of 2000 kg ha(-1) significantly reduced weed seedling emergence and weed dry biomass compared with intact rapeseed-meal amended treatments. Indian mustard showed significantly better herbicidal efficacy on the grassy weeds than did white mustard, which was most effective in controlling broadleaf weeds. In all instances, a 1000 kg ha(-1) application rate of either Indian mustard or white mustard exhibited greater herbicidal effect than did the 2000 kg ha(-1) application rate of rapeseed meal. These results demonstrate that all glucosinolates are not equal in herbicidal effects. The herbicidal effects of the mustard seed meal could offer vegetable growers a new option for weed control, particularly in organic production systems. In practice, it would seem feasible to treat soils with a blend of Indian mustard and white mustard seed meals so that both grass and broadleaf weeds could be effectively controlled. C1 [Handiseni, Maxwell] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. USDA ARS, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Handiseni, M (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM mhandiseni@vandals.uidaho.edu NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 16 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2011 VL 25 IS 1 BP 127 EP 134 DI 10.1614/WT-D-10-00068.1 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 725XF UT WOS:000287679500021 ER PT J AU Robertson, GH Offeman, RD Cao, TK Orts, WJ AF Robertson, George H. Offeman, Richard D. Cao, Trung K. Orts, William J. TI Ethanol in biorefining and dehydration of agricultural materials: energy, capital cost, and product quality implications SO BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR LA English DT Article DE dehydration; distillation; wheat; starch; ethanol; protein; protein quality; energy; fermentation; biorefining ID OIL EXTRACTION/WATER ADSORPTION; DRIED GROUND CORN; AQUEOUS-ETHANOL; WHEAT-FLOUR; ALCOHOLIC EXTRACTION; VEGETABLE OILS; COLD-ETHANOL; ORGANOSOLV FRACTIONATION; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES AB The production of aqueous ethanol from fermentation-based biorefining operations suggests the availability and possibility for its use within the refinery to aid in separations prior to and after fermentation. A variety of uses that have been considered are described here. In general, these rely on biomass constituent solubility enhanced by ethanol concentration and temperature so that lipids, proteins, and lignin may be dissolved and recovered. Additionally, ethanol may be applied to remove water from solids, such as wet starch, wet gluten, and distillers' wet grains. This technology has been described in the past as 'extractive' or 'displacement' drying and replaces conventional solids dehydration (a unit operation) with solvent drying plus solvent regeneration (a system of unit operations). Materials as diverse as wood, peat, coal, and starch have been dried experimentally in this way. General criteria using best-case assumptions for this replacement are developed here. Applied to ethanol, these suggest significant potential energy savings for a system that combines low-load solvent drying with distillation. Distillation energy for regenerating ethanol solvent to 90%v or less and producing water is equivalent to a 3 to 4 effect evaporation of water when compared on a separation-energy per unit-of-water-removed basis. Material properties of the dehydrated substance may be enhanced since the solvent drying is at a lower temperature and leaves the matrix without structural collapse. The parameters for capital cost comparison are delineated with important considerations and economies identified that result from the use of low-cost solvent and compatible technologies in the biorefinery setting. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd C1 [Robertson, George H.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Robertson, GH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM george.robertson@ars.usda.gov NR 117 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 24 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1932-104X J9 BIOFUEL BIOPROD BIOR JI Biofuels Bioprod. Biorefining PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 37 EP 53 DI 10.1002/bbb.251 PG 17 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 715TK UT WOS:000286910400014 ER PT J AU Li, RH Mock, R Fuchs, M Halbrendt, J Howell, B Liu, ZR AF Li, Ruhui Mock, Ray Fuchs, Marc Halbrendt, John Howell, Bill Liu, Zongrang TI Characterization of the partial RNA1 and RNA2 3 ' untranslated region of Tomato ringspot virus isolates from North America SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYTOPATHOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE ToRSV; 3' UTR; genetic variation; phylogenetic relationships; RT-PCR detection ID CURRANT-REVERSION-NEPOVIRUS; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; GENOMIC RNAS; BLACK; LONG; TRANSMISSION; POLYMERASE AB The 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of RNA1 and RNA2 of Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV) are 1.3 kb in size and virtually identical. In this study, sequences containing most of the 3' UTRs (1168-1265 bp) were determined from 18 ToRSV isolates collected from fruit trees, small fruits and grapevines in North America. Pairwise nucleotide sequence comparisons with sequences of two isolates available in GenBank showed identities ranging from 95.1 to 100% for the majority of ToRSV isolates. Most genetic variation occurs as point mutations and single insertions and/or deletions. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 17 of the 20 isolates grouped together into a major cluster and three isolates grouped into two minor clusters, with genetic divergence rates among the three clusters of 11.8% to 23.8%. No correlation was found between the 3' UTR sequences and symptom expression on Nicotiana benthamiana, host plant or geographic origin of ToRSV isolates. RT-PCR using primers designed within the highly conserved 3' UTR regions detected all 18 ToRSV isolates as well as two isolates from a vineyard. This assay can serve as a practical methodology for the sensitive detection of varied ToRSV isolates as it is more sensitive than a RT-PCR assay based on previously reported U1/D1 primers. C1 [Liu, Zongrang] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Li, Ruhui; Mock, Ray] USDA ARS, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Fuchs, Marc] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Halbrendt, John] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fruit Res & Extens Ctr, Biglerville, PA 17307 USA. [Howell, Bill] Washington State Univ, Irrigated Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Liu, ZR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 45 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM zongrang.liu@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol.-Rev. Can. Phytopathol. PY 2011 VL 33 IS 1 BP 94 EP 99 AR PII 930852837 DI 10.1080/07060661.2011.536648 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 719LK UT WOS:000287206000012 ER PT J AU Stavi, I Lal, R Owens, LB AF Stavi, Ilan Lal, Rattan Owens, Lloyd B. TI Effects of cattle grazing during the dormant season on soil surface hydrology and physical quality in a moist-temperate region SO ECOHYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE grazing system; growing season; Midwest USA; soil physical properties; trampling action; water infiltrability ID SOUTHERN PIEDMONT USA; ORGANIC-CARBON; PENETRATION RESISTANCE; SEMIARID RANGELAND; CRESTED WHEATGRASS; NATIVE RANGELANDS; MEADOW SOILS; NO-TILL; STABILIZATION; PASTURES AB Livestock grazing in paddocks of temperate regions during the dormant season affects soil surface hydrology and physical quality, thus, impacting its capacity to function. However, very few studies have dealt with these effects in temperate-moist regions. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of grazing on these variables, with reference to soil hydrological and physical characteristics. Soil properties were measured in a paddock under rotational grazing during the growing season only (GR) and compared with those under grazing during the dormant season and rotational grazing during the growing season (DO). Soil series in both paddocks is Coshocton (fine loamy, mixed, active, mesic Aquultic Hapludalfs). Soil properties were studied for 0-5, 5-10 and 10-15 cm depths. In comparison with GR, DO had a smaller soil water sorptivity (36.2 vs 19.4 mm min(-0.5)),transmissivity (2.2 vs 0.6 mm min(-1)), equilibrium infiltration rate (4.8 vs 1.4 mm min(-1)) and cumulative infiltration in 3 h (865.6 vs 260.0 mm). In addition, GR had larger volumetric field moisture capacity (41.4 vs 39.3%), water stable aggregates (880 vs 830 g kg(-1)), coarse root (>1 mm) biomass (12.8 vs 7.2 mg cm(-3)), smaller penetration resistance (0.93 vs 1.42 MPa) and bulk density (1.24 vs 1.44 g cm(-3)). A small difference between GR and DO was observed in vane shear strength (130.3 vs 124.8 kPa), and no difference was found in aggregate's mean weight diameter. Soil properties differed among depths, and the effect of grazing decreased with increased depth. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Stavi, Ilan; Lal, Rattan] Ohio State Univ, Carbon Management & Sequestrat Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Owens, Lloyd B.] USDA ARS, Coshocton, OH 43812 USA. RP Stavi, I (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Carbon Management & Sequestrat Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM istavi@yahoo.com RI Lal, Rattan/D-2505-2013 FU Midwest Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (MRCSP) FX We gratefully acknowledge Mrs Joyce Alloway and Mr Don Lightell for the very efficient assistance in field work. We thank the Midwest Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (MRCSP) for funding the study. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 28 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1936-0584 J9 ECOHYDROLOGY JI Ecohydrology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 4 IS 1 BP 106 EP 114 DI 10.1002/eco.137 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 718VM UT WOS:000287154500010 ER PT J AU Brand, LA Stromberg, JC Goodrich, DC Dixon, MD Lansey, K Kang, D Brookshire, DS Cerasale, DJ AF Brand, L. Arriana Stromberg, Juliet C. Goodrich, David C. Dixon, Mark D. Lansey, Kevin Kang, Doosun Brookshire, David S. Cerasale, David J. TI Projecting avian response to linked changes in groundwater and riparian floodplain vegetation along a dryland river: a scenario analysis SO ECOHYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE avian abundance; Populus; ecohydrology; dryland river; groundwater; riparian; Tamarix; scenario modelling; space-for-time substitution ID SAN-PEDRO RIVER; NATURAL FLOW REGIME; SPECIES RICHNESS; BREEDING BIRDS; COLORADO RIVER; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; FRESH-WATER; ARIZONA; RESTORATION AB Groundwater is a key driver of riparian condition on dryland rivers but is in high demand for municipal, industrial, and agricultural uses. Approaches are needed to guide decisions that balance human water needs while conserving riparian ecosystems. We developed a space-for-time substitution model that links groundwater change scenarios implemented within a Decision Support System (DSS) with proportions of floodplain vegetation types and abundances of breeding and migratory birds along the upper San Pedro River, AZ, USA. We investigated nine scenarios ranging from groundwater depletion to recharge. In groundwater decline scenarios, relative proportions of tall-canopied obligate phreatophytes (Populus/Salix, cottonwood/willow) on the floodplain progressively decline, and shrubbier species less dependent on permanent water sources (e. g. Tamarix spp., saltcedar) increase. These scenarios result in broad shifts in the composition of the breeding bird community, with canopy-nesting and water-obligate birds declining but midstory nesting birds increasing in abundance as groundwater declines. For the most extreme draw-down scenario where all reaches undergo groundwater declines, models project that only 10% of the upper San Pedro floodplain would be comprised of cottonwood/willow (73% saltcedar and 18% mesquite), and abundances of canopy-nesting, water-obligate, and spring migrant birds would decline 48%, 72%, and 40%, respectively. Groundwater recharge scenarios were associated with increases in canopy-nesting birds particularly given the extreme recharge scenario (all reaches regain shallow water tables and perennial streamflow). Model outputs serve to assess the sensitivity of biotic groups to potential changes in groundwater and thus to rank scenarios based on their expected ecological impacts. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Brand, L. Arriana] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, SAHRA Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Stromberg, Juliet C.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Goodrich, David C.] ARS, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Dixon, Mark D.] Univ S Dakota, Dept Biol, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA. [Lansey, Kevin; Kang, Doosun] Univ Arizona, Dept Civil Engn & Engn Mech, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Brookshire, David S.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Econ, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Cerasale, David J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Brand, LA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, 505 Azuar Dr, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. EM arriana_brand@usgs.gov RI Dixon, Mark/F-2641-2011; Goodrich, David/B-1763-2009 OI Dixon, Mark/0000-0002-0345-5655; Goodrich, David/0000-0001-7735-1448 FU Strategic Environment Research and Development (SERDP) Project [CS-1100]; National Science Foundation [EAR-9876800]; US Environmental Protection Agency [2003-STAR-G2] FX Avian data collection for this research was funded by the Strategic Environment Research and Development (SERDP) Project CS-1100. Analysis and writing portions for L. A. B. were supported by Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas (SAHRA) under the STC Program of the National Science Foundation, Agreement No. EAR-9876800, and the US Environmental Protection Agency 'Integrated Modelling and Ecological Valuation' EPA STAR grant Program #2003-STAR-G2. The Bureau of Land Management, San Pedro Project Office, provided access to the San Pedro National Conservation Area as well as housing for the data collection effort. We appreciate discussions with S. Lite, K. Benedict, J. Thacher, C. Broadbent, S. Stewart, and M. McIntosh that contributed to this manuscript. We also greatly appreciate the field staff who helped in collecting data. NR 55 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 44 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1936-0584 J9 ECOHYDROLOGY JI Ecohydrology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 4 IS 1 BP 130 EP 142 DI 10.1002/eco.143 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 718VM UT WOS:000287154500012 ER PT J AU Powers, MD Pregitzer, KS Palik, BJ Webster, CR AF Powers, Matthew D. Pregitzer, Kurt S. Palik, Brian J. Webster, Christopher R. TI The physiological basis for regeneration response to variable retention harvest treatments in three pine species SO FORESTRY LA English DT Article ID EASTERN WHITE-PINE; CARBON ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; GREEN-TREE RETENTION; DOUGLAS-FIR FORESTS; SITE PREPARATION; DECIDUOUS FOREST; CANOPY STRUCTURE; GAP FORMATION; SURFACE-AREA; GROWTH AB Variable retention harvesting (VRH) is promoted for enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem processes in managed forests, but regeneration responses to the complex stand structures that result from VRH are poorly understood. We analyzed foliar stable carbon isotope ratios (delta(13)C), oxygen isotope ratios (delta(18)O), light-saturated photosynthetic rates (A(max)), stomatal conductance (g(s)) and sizes of pine seedlings in Pinus resinosa stands treated with VRH systems that created different spatial patterns of overstorey retention. Pinus banksiana, P. resinosa and Pinus strobus seedlings in dispersed retention, aggregated retention between small gaps and aggregated retention between large gaps treatments had greater delta(13)C, A(max), g(s), diameter and height than seedlings in unharvested treatments, but seedling performance was similar among VRH treatments when averaged across stands. There were no significant differences in delta(18)O associated with any treatment. These results indicate seedling photosynthetic capacity, water relations and growth were improved by VRH, but the spatial pattern of retention had surprisingly little impact on average performance in the first 4 years after harvesting. This suggests retention treatments that produce different residual stand structures can promote similar mean rates of early seedling development when performance is averaged across all of the neighbourhood environments within each treatment. C1 [Powers, Matthew D.; Palik, Brian J.] USDA, Forest Serv No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Powers, Matthew D.; Webster, Christopher R.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Pregitzer, Kurt S.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Powers, MD (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv No Res Stn, 1831 Hwy 169 E, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. EM mdpowers@mtu.edu FU United State Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Northern Research Station; Michigan Technological University FX United State Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Northern Research Station and Michigan Technological University. NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 14 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0015-752X J9 FORESTRY JI Forestry PD JAN PY 2011 VL 84 IS 1 BP 13 EP 22 DI 10.1093/forestry/cpq038 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 720AI UT WOS:000287252200002 ER PT J AU Chen, YP Evans, JD Pettis, JS AF Chen, Yan Ping Evans, Jay D. Pettis, Jeff S. TI The presence of chronic bee paralysis virus infection in honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) in the USA SO JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE chronic bee paralysis virus; honey bees; USA; sporadic infection C1 [Chen, Yan Ping; Evans, Jay D.; Pettis, Jeff S.] ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chen, YP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, BARC E, Bldg 476, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM judy.chen@ars.usda.gov RI Evans, Jay/C-8408-2012 OI Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651 FU USDA-CAP [2009-85118-05718] FX We are indebted to David Westervelt, Florida apiary inspector, for providing diseased bee samples. The work was supported in part by the USDA-CAP grant (2009-85118-05718). NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 10 PU INT BEE RESEARCH ASSOC PI CARDIFF PA 16 NORTH RD, CARDIFF CF10 3DY, WALES SN 0021-8839 J9 J APICULT RES JI J. Apic. Res. PY 2011 VL 50 IS 1 BP 85 EP 86 DI 10.3896/IBRA.1.50.1.07 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 721ED UT WOS:000287335500007 ER PT J AU Strom, BL Roton, LM AF Strom, B. L. Roton, L. M. TI Effectiveness of Cedar Oil Products for Preventing Host Use by Ips avulsus (Eichhoff) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in a Modified Small-Bolt Assay SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE pesticide evaluation; bioassay; pine bark beetles; tree protection; plant oil ID SCOLYTIDAE; ATTACK AB Insecticide products based on cedar oil are readily available, but evaluations against pine bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) are lacking. In the southeastern U.S., the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm, is the major bark beetle pest for which tree protectants are applied. However, Ips avulsus (Eichhoff) are more consistently available, are easily trapped and can attain pest status at times, making them an attractive option for the evaluation of certain tree protection products. In this study, we evaluated 2 commercial cedar oil products for their ability to prevent attack by I. avulsus on loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) bolts. The field method we deployed was an extension of a previously developed laboratory method in which small-bolts are treated with the product and provided a challenge by adult beetles. The new method used multiple-funnel traps baited with synthetic attractants to direct I. avulsus to test bolts. The method was successful in providing a challenge to treatments with I. avulsus, and resulted in neither product being consistently effective for preventing bolt utilization by this beetle. Although not considered effective in the majority of our trials, full-strength (neat) application of cedar oil product reduced bolt utilization by I. avulsus during winter trials (November and February), perhaps due to lower attack pressure from beetles. Evaluations at other times of the year (March through May), or that began > 0 days post-application, resulted in the products consistently failing to meet either of our efficacy criteria. Compared with competing insecticide products (e.g., those based on bifenthrin), the cedar oil products appear to be less effective, require more frequent reapplication and be more expensive. C1 [Strom, B. L.; Roton, L. M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Strom, BL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, 2500 Shreveport Highway, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. EM brianstrom@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station [SRS-RWU-4552] FX The authors thank B. Parpart, J. Parpart, L. Reed and S. Walters for their high-quality assistance and commitment to this project. The manuscript was improved by C. Brownie, who provided statistical advice and reviewed an earlier draft, and by J. Meeker and A. Mangini, who provided comments on a previous version. The authors thank the Winn and Catahoula Ranger Districts (Kisatchie National Forest, LA) for their cooperation in locating and using sites for these experiments. Funding for this study was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station (SRS-RWU-4552), Kier Klepzig (previous) and Douglas Streett (current), Project Leader. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the United States Government. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 46 IS 1 BP 14 EP 22 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 724AU UT WOS:000287549300002 ER PT J AU Wekesa, VW Avery, PB McKenzie, CL Powell, CA Osborne, LS AF Wekesa, Vitalis W. Avery, Pasco B. McKenzie, Cindy L. Powell, Charles A. Osborne, Lance S. TI Control of Liriomyza trifolii (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Cut Flowers using Isaria fumosorosea (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) Alone and in Combination with Insecticides SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE serpentine leafminer; biological control; fungal pathogens; sunflower; gerbera C1 [Avery, Pasco B.; Powell, Charles A.] Univ Florida, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, IFAS, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Wekesa, Vitalis W.; Osborne, Lance S.] Univ Florida, Mid Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Entomol & Nematol, IFAS, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. [Wekesa, Vitalis W.; McKenzie, Cindy L.] ARS, US Hort Res Lab, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Avery, PB (reprint author), Univ Florida, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, IFAS, 2199 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM pbavery@ufl.edu NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 46 IS 1 BP 80 EP 84 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 724AU UT WOS:000287549300010 ER PT J AU Favaro, CF Rodrigues, MACD Aldrich, JR Zarbin, PHG AF Favaro, Carla F. Rodrigues, Mauro A. C. de M. Aldrich, Jeffrey R. Zarbin, Paulo H. G. TI Identification of Semiochemicals in Adults and Nymphs of the Stink Bug Pallantia macunaima Grazia (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) SO JOURNAL OF THE BRAZILIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE allomone; pheromone; gland; hemiptera; Pallantia macunaima ID RIPTORTUS-CLAVATUS HETEROPTERA; DORSAL ABDOMINAL GLANDS; SEX-PHEROMONE; ATTRACTANT PHEROMONE; ALYDIDAE; NEZARA; SECRETIONS AB The contents of the dorsal abdominal glands in nymphs and the metathoracic glands in adult males and females (10, 20 and 30 days old) were characterized and quantified for the stink bug, Pallantia macunaima. The major component for nymphs and adults was tridecane, with lesser amounts of other aliphatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, oxo-alkenals and esters. The five nymphal instars showed significant differences in the proportions of compounds present, mainly between those of the first instar compared to the dorsal abdominal glands components of later instars. No significant differences were detected in the proportion of metathoracic gland components between the sexes but, between individuals of different ages, (E)-2-hexenal and (E)-2-decenyl acetate significantly decreased in adults from 10 to 20 days of age. C1 [Favaro, Carla F.; Rodrigues, Mauro A. C. de M.; Zarbin, Paulo H. G.] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Quim, BR-81531980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil. [Aldrich, Jeffrey R.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Zarbin, PHG (reprint author), Univ Fed Parana, Dept Quim, CP 19081, BR-81531980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil. EM pzarbin@quimica.ufpr.br RI Zarbin, Paulo/C-1383-2013; Favaro, Carla /B-8375-2014 FU INCT Semiochemicals; CAPES (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior); CNPq [401604/2009-8] FX We thank the INCT Semiochemicals and CAPES (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior) for financial support, Dr. A. R. Panizzi for providing the first insects, Drs. Chauhan and Millar for gifts of (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal and (E)-4-oxo-2-decenal, respectively. We are also grateful to CNPq for funding the visit of Dr. Jeffrey R. Aldrich to the Federal University of Parana (visiting researcher; proc.: 401604/2009-8). NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU SOC BRASILEIRA QUIMICA PI SAO PAULO PA CAIXA POSTAL 26037, 05599-970 SAO PAULO, BRAZIL SN 0103-5053 J9 J BRAZIL CHEM SOC JI J. Braz. Chem. Soc. PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 BP 58 EP 64 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 702HZ UT WOS:000285886500007 ER PT J AU Adkins, E Cordell, S Drake, DR AF Adkins, Edith Cordell, Susan Drake, Donald R. TI Role of Fire in the Germination Ecology of Fountain Grass (Pennisetum setaceum), an Invasive African Bunchgrass in Hawai'i SO PACIFIC SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL DRY FOREST; HETEROPOGON-CONTORTUS; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; EXOTIC GRASSES; DISPERSAL; DYNAMICS; ISLANDS; POACEAE; WATER AB Field and laboratory studies were carried out to test factors expected to be relevant for the germination of fountain grass: (1) light; (2) emergence of fountain grass seedlings from depths of 0, 2.5, and 5 cm; (3) fire passing over exposed and buried seeds; (4) laboratory heat treatment mimicking exposure to grass fire. Both fire in the field and heat applied in the laboratory killed fountain grass seeds. In the laboratory, some seeds were killed after exposure to 75 degrees C for 3 min, and all seeds were killed at 100 degrees C. During the prescribed burns, temperatures at the soil surface reached at least 204 degrees C, but temperatures at depths of 2.5 and 5 cm showed no measurable change. Light is not essential for germination of fountain grass seeds, and seedlings can emerge from depths of at least 5 cm. Both of these traits contribute to the invasive capacity of the species. Because fountain grass seeds are killed at temperatures in excess of 100 degrees C, the species depends on its ability to resprout and quickly set seed after fire for population growth and spread. Seeds buried beneath the soil may escape exposure to fire, and substrate heterogeneity may provide refuge from temperature extremes experienced during fire. The morphology of fountain grass seeds likely inhibits burial in the soil for the most part, but there are several potential burial mechanisms. Prescribed burns could prove to be a useful tool for fountain grass control in large, degraded sites where fountain grass has invaded but only when coupled with additional control measures. C1 [Adkins, Edith; Drake, Donald R.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Cordell, Susan] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, USDA, Hilo, HI USA. RP Adkins, E (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. FU Joint Fire Science Program; Charles H. Lamoureux Fellowship in Plant Conservation; West Hawai'i Wildfire Management Organization FX Research funding was provided by the Joint Fire Science Program, the Charles H. Lamoureux Fellowship in Plant Conservation, and the West Hawai'i Wildfire Management Organization. Manuscript accepted 12 April 2010. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 41 PU UNIV HAWAII PRESS PI HONOLULU PA 2840 KOLOWALU ST, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA SN 0030-8870 J9 PAC SCI JI Pac. Sci. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 65 IS 1 BP 17 EP 25 DI 10.2984/65.1.017 PG 9 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA 714EW UT WOS:000286791300002 ER PT J AU Feng, GL Sharratt, B Young, F AF Feng, Guanglong Sharratt, Brenton Young, Frank TI Soil properties governing soil erosion affected by cropping systems in the US Pacific Northwest SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE No-tillage; Summer fallow; Chemical fallow; Wheat; Dust ID LONG-TERM TILLAGE; SILT-LOAM SOIL; NO-TILL; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; ORGANIC-MATTER; WIND EROSION; BULK-DENSITY; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; WATER INFILTRATION; RESIDUE MANAGEMENT AB In the low-precipitation zone (<300 mm annual precipitation) of the inland US Pacific Northwest, no-tillage spring cereal rotations are being examined as alternatives to the traditional winter wheat-summer fallow rotation to control wind erosion. There is limited information, however, regarding the effects of no-tillage cropping systems on soil physical properties and surface characteristics that govern wind erosion in this semiarid region. The objective of this research was to characterize soil aggregates, wetness, strength, roughness, crusting, and crop residue cover and biomass of a silt loam that had been subject to various crop rotations for 11 years in east-central Washington. Crop rotations examined included no-tillage spring barley-spring wheat (NTSB/SW), no-tillage spring wheat-chemical fallow (NTSW/CF), and winter wheat-summer fallow (WW/SF). Soil physical properties were measured in spring 2006 after sowing wheat in the NTSB/SW rotation and in late summer 2006 after sowing winter wheat in the WW/SF and NTSW/CF rotations. In spring, the NTSB/SW and NTSW/CF rotations were characterized by a wetter soil as compared with the WW/SF rotation. In late summer, the NTSB/SW rotation was characterized by a soil surface with more standing stubble and greater crust cover and soil strength as compared with the WW/SF and NTSW/CF rotations. Our results suggest that spring-sown cereal and chemical fallow cropping systems result in wetter soils in spring and retain more surface residue in the late summer that will reduce the risk for wind erosion as compared with the traditional WW/SF rotation in the Pacific Northwest. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sharratt, Brenton; Young, Frank] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Feng, Guanglong] Chinese Acad Sci, Xinjiang Inst Ecol & Geog, Urumqi 830011, Peoples R China. RP Sharratt, B (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, 215 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM Brenton.sharratt@ars.usda.gov NR 63 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 111 IS 2 BP 168 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.still.2010.09.008 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 715FI UT WOS:000286865600010 ER PT J AU Pfeiffer, TJ Summerfelt, ST Watten, BJ AF Pfeiffer, Timothy J. Summerfelt, Steven T. Watten, Barnaby J. TI Comparative performance of CO2 measuring methods: Marine aquaculture recirculation system application SO AQUACULTURAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Dissolved carbon dioxide; Recirculating aquaculture systems; Head space unit; Non-dispersive infra-red absorption ID TROUT SALMO-GAIRDNERI; CARBON-DIOXIDE; PARTIAL PRESSURES; PH; WATER AB Many methods are available for the measurement of dissolved carbon dioxide in an aqueous environment. Standard titration is the typical field method for measuring dissolved CO2 in aquaculture systems. However, titrimetric determination of dissolved CO2 in marine water aquaculture systems is unsuitable because of the high dissolved solids, silicates, and other dissolved minerals that interfere with the determination. Other methods used to measure dissolved carbon dioxide in an aquaculture water included use of a wetted CO2 probe analyzer, standard nomographic methods, and calculation by direct measurements of the water's pH, temperature, and alkalinity. The determination of dissolved CO2 in saltwater based on partial pressure measurements and non-dispersive infra-red (NDIR) techniques with a CO2 gas analyzer are widely employed for oceanic surveys of surface ocean CO2 flux and are similar to the techniques employed with the head space unit (HSU) in this study. Dissolved carbon dioxide (DC) determination with the HSU using a infra-red gas analyzer (IRGA) was compared with titrimetric, nomographic, calculated, and probe measurements of CO2 in freshwater and in saltwater with a salinity ranging from 5.0 to 30 ppt, and a CO2 range from 8 to 50 mg/L. Differences in CO2 measurements between duplicate HSUs (0.1-0.2 mg/L) were not statistically significant different. The coefficient of variation for the HSU readings averaged 1.85% which was better than the CO2 probe (4.09%) and that for the titrimetric method (5.84%). In all low, medium and high salinity level trials HSU precision was good, averaging 3.39%. Differences existed between comparison testing of the CO2 probe and HSU measurements with the CO2 probe readings, on average, providing DC estimates that were higher than HSU estimates. Differences between HSU and titration based estimates of DC increased with salinity and reached a maximum at 32.2 ppt. These differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05) at all salinity levels greater than 0.3 ppt. Results indicated reliable replicated results from the head space unit with varying salinity and dissolved carbon dioxide concentrations. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pfeiffer, Timothy J.] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. [Summerfelt, Steven T.] Inst Freshwater, Conservat Funds, Shepherdstown, WV 25443 USA. [Watten, Barnaby J.] USGS Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Pfeiffer, TJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 5600 US Hwy 1 N, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. EM timothy.pfeiffer@ars.usda.gov; s.summerfelt@freshwaterinstitute.org; bwatten@usgs.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service [6225-63000-007-00] FX This work was supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service under the National Aquaculture Program under Project no. 6225-63000-007-00, titled Engineering and Production Strategies for Sustainable Marine Aquaculture. The authors thank Michael Gearheart, Environmental Chemist for the Freshwater Institute and Todd Lenger, Engineering Technician for the USDA Agricultural Research Service for assistance in experimental data collection. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this manuscript publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S.D.A. NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8609 J9 AQUACULT ENG JI Aquac. Eng. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 44 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2010.10.001 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Fisheries SC Agriculture; Fisheries GA 712ZB UT WOS:000286703700001 ER PT J AU Bebak, J Shoemaker, C Arias, C Klesius, P AF Bebak, Julie Shoemaker, Craig Arias, Covadonga Klesius, Phillip TI Assay performance during validation of freezing channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque) infected with a Gram-negative bacterium SO AQUACULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE validation; freezing; Edwardsiella; catfish; PCR; bacterial culture ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI; DIAGNOSTIC-TESTS; SPECIFICITY; SENSITIVITY; PREVALENCE AB Recovery of bacteria from infected fish during population sampling can be affected by factors including the type of assay, method of specimen preservation and concentration of bacteria present. Consequently, before use in field sampling, methods should be validated. The three objectives of this study were, first, to determine whether a channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque) fingerling classified as positive for Gram-negative Edwardsiella ictaluri infection according to bacterial culture before freezing was also classified as positive after freezing, second, to determine how direct culture from the kidney (DIRECT), culture of homogenate (HOMOG) and standard PCR (PCR) agree with bacterial culture in terms of classifying fish as positive or negative and third, to estimate diagnostic sensitivity (dSe) and diagnostic specificity (dSp) for DIRECT, HOMOG and PCR. In fresh and frozen fish, as bacterial concentration decreased, the ability of each assay to detect positive fish also decreased, especially when there were < 104 colony-forming units per gram (CFU g-1) tissue. HOMOG proved to be the most reliable at correctly classifying catfish, whether they were subclinically or clinically infected. PCR assay was the least reliable. Overall, values for this study population for dSe were 0.66, 0.92 and 0.43, and for dSp were 0.86, 0.91 and 0.95, for DIRECT, HOMOG and PCR respectively. C1 [Bebak, Julie; Shoemaker, Craig; Klesius, Phillip] ARS, USDA, AAHRU, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Arias, Covadonga] Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Bebak, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, AAHRU, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM julie.bebak@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Current Research Information Systems [6420-32000-024-00D] FX We gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance provided by Dr Julio Garcia, Ms Paige Mumma and Ms Alberta Pink. This work was supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Current Research Information Systems Project No. 6420-32000-024-00D. This research was conducted in compliance with all relevant federal guidelines and institutional policies. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1355-557X J9 AQUAC RES JI Aquac. Res. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 42 IS 2 BP 169 EP 176 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2010.02551.x PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 705BK UT WOS:000286103100002 ER PT J AU Gould, PJ Harrington, CA St Clair, JB AF Gould, Peter J. Harrington, Constance A. St Clair, J. Bradley TI Incorporating genetic variation into a model of budburst phenology of coast Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID BUD-BURST PHENOLOGY; TEMPERATE REGIONS; OREGON; TREES; GENECOLOGY; GROWTH; POPULATIONS; SEEDLINGS; PREDICT; BOREAL AB Models to predict budburst and other phenological events in plants are needed to forecast how climate change may impact ecosystems and for the development of mitigation strategies. Differences among genotypes are important to predicting phenological events in species that show strong clinal variation in adaptive traits. We present a model that incorporates the effects of temperature and differences among genotypes to predict the timing of budburst of coast Douglasfir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). The main components of the model are (i) functions to calculate the accumulation of chilling units (CU) and forcing units (FU) during dormancy and (ii) a function defining the combinations of CU and FU needed for budburst (the possibility line). The possibility line was fit to data from 59 populations subjected to eight different winter environments. Differences among populations were incorporated into the possibility line using population coefficients that vary the FU required for budburst. Correlations among the population coefficients and variables describing local environments supported the hypothesis that genetic variation in budburst is largely an adaptation to summer drought. The new model can be used to test potential seed transfers as a strategy to mitigate some of the effects of climate change. C1 [Gould, Peter J.; Harrington, Constance A.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [St Clair, J. Bradley] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Gould, PJ (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3625 93rd Ave SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM pgould@fs.fed.us RI Harrington, Constance/G-6161-2012 FU Forest Service Research and Development; Bureau of Land Management FX The authors thank co-workers for their help with the Douglas-fir winter dormancy experiment. They also thank Jim Ashby, Western Regional Climate Center, for help in obtaining RAWS temperature records, Maggie Dunklee, Natural Resources Conservation Service, for help in obtaining SNOTEL temperature records, and Aaron Weiskittel for providing code from his DFHGS model. This work is a product of the Sustainable Forestry component of Agenda 2020, a joint effort of the US Forest Service Research and Development and the American Forest and Paper Association. Funds were provided by the Forest Service Research and Development and the Bureau of Land Management. NR 52 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 19 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 139 EP 150 DI 10.1139/X10-191 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 709YE UT WOS:000286476500012 ER PT J AU Harrington, CA Devine, WD AF Harrington, Constance A. Devine, Warren D. TI Stand development following precommercial thinning and fertilization treatments in a western redcedar (Thuja plicata) dominated forest SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID DOUGLAS-FIR STANDS; DIAMETER DISTRIBUTIONS; GROWTH; MANAGEMENT; WEIBULL; MODELS; CEDAR AB Western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don.) is an important North American tree species, but little information is available on its long-term responses to silvicultural treatments. Stand responses (mortality, ingrowth, basal area and volume growth, and distributions of trees by diameter and height classes) were followed for 25 years after thinning and fertilization treatments (alone and in combination) were applied to a naturally regenerated, low site quality western redcedar stand on the Olympic Peninsula in western Washington, USA. Mortality was low overall, but the densest stands experienced competition-related mortality. Thinning resulted in additional stem recruitment; after 25 years, the number of ingrowth trees exceeded the number of trees in the cohort left after thinning. Fertilization (with nitrogen and phosphorus) flattened size distributions and skewed them to larger size classes. Thinning plus fertilization resulted in the largest individual trees and the most large trees, but also many trees in a wide range of diameter classes. The recruitment of a second cohort did not result in a two-storied stand. Fertilization without thinning resulted in the greatest stand basal area and volume, as well as trees with fewer live lower branches. C1 [Harrington, Constance A.; Devine, Warren D.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. RP Harrington, CA (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3625 93rd Ave SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM charrington@fs.fed.us RI Harrington, Constance/G-6161-2012 FU Rayonier Inc. FX The authors thank Rayonier Inc. for study installation and Green Crow Company for ongoing support of the study after the land was sold. The authors extend special thanks to Charles Wierman (formerly of Rayonier) and Harry Bell (Green Crow) for financial support and to the many people who participated in implementing the treatments and collecting data. The authors also thank David Peter for documenting the plant associations, Peter Gould for providing statistical advice, and David Marshall and Ashley Steel for manuscript reviews. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 8 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 151 EP 164 DI 10.1139/X10-193 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 709YE UT WOS:000286476500013 ER PT J AU Azuma, D Monleon, VJ AF Azuma, David Monleon, Vicente J. TI Differences in forest area classification based on tree tally from variable- and fixed-radius plots SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article AB In forest inventory, it is not enough to formulate a definition; it is also necessary to define the "measurement procedure." In the classification of forestland by dominant cover type, the measurement design (the plot) can affect the outcome of the classification. We present results of a simulation study comparing classification of the dominant cover type between fixed- and variable-radius plot designs. We also show the effect of species distribution and partially sampled plots on these classifications. Plot type, area sampled, and the way in which the species are distributed influence the outcome of the classification. Thus, estimated changes in forest area may be an artifact of plot design changes, rather than actual population change. C1 [Azuma, David] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, Portland Forestry Sci Lab, Portland, OR 97205 USA. [Monleon, Vicente J.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Azuma, D (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, Portland Forestry Sci Lab, 620 SW Main St,Suite 400, Portland, OR 97205 USA. EM dazuma@fs.fed.us NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 211 EP 214 DI 10.1139/X10-200 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 709YE UT WOS:000286476500017 ER PT J AU Sjolander, AJ Thomasson, JA Sui, R Ge, Y AF Sjolander, A. J. Thomasson, J. A. Sui, R. Ge, Y. TI Wireless tracking of cotton modules. Part 1: Automatic message triggering SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Cotton; Fiber quality; Fiber-quality mapping; Precision agriculture; GPS; Wireless; Yield mapping; Profit mapping ID YIELD MONITOR AB The ability to map profit across a cotton field would enable producers to determine where money is being made or lost on their farms and to implement precise field management practices to facilitate the highest return possible on each portion of a field. Mapping profit requires knowledge of site-specific costs and revenues, including yield and price. Price varies site-specifically because fiber quality varies, so mapping fiber quality is an important component of profit mapping. To map fiber quality, the harvest location of individual cotton bales must be known, and thus a system to track the harvest location of cotton modules must be available. To this end, a wireless module-tracking system was recently developed, but automation of the system is required before it will find practical use on the farm. In Part 1 of this report, research to develop automatic triggering of wireless messages is described. In Part 2. research to enable the system to function with multiple harvesting machines of the same type in the same field - a common situation in commercial cotton farming - is described along with testing of the entire automated wireless module-tracking system. To automate wireless-message triggering, a sensing and control system was added to a harvester to indicate when the machine is dumping a basket load of cotton so that wireless messages can be automatically sent from the harvester to subsequent field machines. This automated system was incorporated into the existing wireless module-tracking system, field tested, and it ultimately operated as designed, without human intervention. Linking data collected with this system together with cotton classing data enabled the creation of fiber-quality maps. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sjolander, A. J.; Thomasson, J. A.; Ge, Y.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Sui, R.] ARS, Cotton Ginning Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS USA. RP Thomasson, JA (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM thomasson@tamu.edu NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0168-1699 J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR JI Comput. Electron. Agric. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 75 IS 1 BP 23 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.compag.2010.08.012 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Agriculture; Computer Science GA 713CX UT WOS:000286713700003 ER PT J AU Sjolander, AJ Thomasson, JA Sui, R Ge, Y AF Sjolander, A. J. Thomasson, J. A. Sui, R. Ge, Y. TI Wireless tracking of cotton modules. Part 2: Automatic machine identification and system testing SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Cotton; Fiber quality; Fiber quality mapping; Precision agriculture; GPS; Wireless; Yield mapping; Profit mapping AB The ability to map profit across a cotton field would enable producers to determine where money is being made or lost on their farms and to implement precise field management practices to facilitate the highest return possible on each portion of a field. Mapping profit requires knowledge of site-specific costs and revenues, including yield and price. Price varies site-specifically because fiber quality varies, so mapping fiber quality is an important component of profit mapping. To map fiber quality, the harvest location of individual cotton bales must be known, and thus a system to track the harvest location of cotton modules must be available. To this end, a wireless module-tracking system was recently developed, but automation of the system is required before it will find practical use on the farm. In Part 1 of this report, research to develop automatic triggering of wireless messages is described. In Part 2, research to enable the system to function with multiple harvesting machines of the same type in the same field - a common situation in commercial cotton farming - is described along with testing of the entire automated wireless module-tracking system (WMTS). An RFID system was incorporated, and it enabled the WMTS to correctly and consistently differentiate among various harvesting vehicles. The improved WMTS subsequently sent wireless messages to the correct machines when cotton transfers were made in the presence of multiple harvest machines. Overall testing proved that the automated WMTS worked largely as designed. When both complete and partial cotton basket dumps were simulated, the correct wireless-messaging decision was made 100% of the time. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sjolander, A. J.; Thomasson, J. A.; Ge, Y.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Sui, R.] ARS, Cotton Ginning Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS USA. RP Thomasson, JA (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM thomasson@tamu.edu NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0168-1699 J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR JI Comput. Electron. Agric. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 75 IS 1 BP 34 EP 43 DI 10.1016/j.compag.2010.09.015 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Agriculture; Computer Science GA 713CX UT WOS:000286713700004 ER PT J AU Backoulou, GF Elliott, NC Giles, K Phoofolo, M Catana, V AF Backoulou, Georges F. Elliott, Norman C. Giles, Kristopher Phoofolo, Mpho Catana, Vasile TI Development of a method using multispectral imagery and spatial pattern metrics to quantify stress to wheat fields caused by Diuraphis noxia SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Multispectral image; Plant stress; Remote sensing; Spatial pattern metrics; Diuraphis noxia ID WINTER-WHEAT; APHID HOMOPTERA; UNITED-STATES; HEMIPTERA AB The Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia, is an important pest of winter wheat, Triticum aestivum, and barley. Hordeum vulgare that has caused an annual economic loss estimated at over 1 billion dollars since it first appeared in the United States. The objective of this study was to determine the potential of combining multispectral imagery with spatial pattern recognition to identify and spatially differentiate D. noxia infestations in wheat fields. Multispectral images were acquired using an MS3100-CIR multispectral camera. D. noxia, drought, and agronomic conditions were identified as major causes for stresses found in wheat fields. Seven spatial metrics were computed for each stress factor. The analysis of spatial metrics quantitatively differentiated the three types of stress found within wheat fields. Detection and differentiation of wheat field stress may help in mapping stress and may have implications for site-specific monitoring systems to identify D. noxia infestations and help to target pesticide applications. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Backoulou, Georges F.; Giles, Kristopher; Phoofolo, Mpho; Catana, Vasile] Oklahoma State Univ, Noble Res Ctr 127, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Elliott, Norman C.] ARS, USDA, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. RP Backoulou, GF (reprint author), OSU Entomol & Plant Pathol, Noble Res Ctr 127, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM Georges.Backoulou@okstate.edu FU Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station [OKLO2334] FX The authors thank Drs. Robert Hunger and Justin Talley for reviewing this manuscript. This work was approved for publication by the Director of the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, and supported in part of the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station Project OKLO2334. The authors acknowledge the great help and assistance provided by Mr. Tim Johnson of USDA-ARS, Stillwater, OK. NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0168-1699 J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR JI Comput. Electron. Agric. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 75 IS 1 BP 64 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.compag.2010.09.011 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Agriculture; Computer Science GA 713CX UT WOS:000286713700007 ER PT J AU Conley, E Remmenga, M AF Conley, E. Remmenga, M. TI INEXPENSIVE, PRECISION TIMED DETONATOR SO EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article C1 [Conley, E.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Remmenga, M.] USDA, Natl Surveillance Unit, APHIS VS, Ctr Epidemiol, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Remmenga, M.] USDA, Natl Surveillance Unit, APHIS VS, Ctr Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Conley, E (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM econley@nmsu.edu FU NASA FAR [NGT13-52764]; NASA GSRP [NAG13-02046]; New Mexico State University Mechanical Engineering Department; NASA through Stennis Space Center FX The NASA FAR program supported this work, contract NGT13-52764. The authors are grateful for the laboratory work performed by graduate research assistant Jose Tafoya, supported by NASA GSRP, contract NAG13-02046, and formerly of the New Mexico State University Mechanical Engineering Department. Both NASA grants were administered through the Stennis Space Center, MS through the generous help of Dr. Bill St. Cyr and Dr. Ramona Travis. The project benefited greatly from the assistance of Alliant Techsystems Inc., Radford Army Ammunition Plant, Radford, VA, from helpful advice offered by Remington's technical staff, and by the consultation offered by staff at Hi-Shear Technology Corporation, suppliers of NSIs. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0732-8818 J9 EXP TECHNIQUES JI Exp. Tech. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 35 IS 1 BP 24 EP 25 DI 10.1111/j.1747-1567.2009.00581.x PG 2 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Engineering; Mechanics; Materials Science GA 711PU UT WOS:000286604700005 ER PT J AU Sessa, DJ Woods, KK Mohamed, AA Palmquist, DE AF Sessa, David J. Woods, Kristen K. Mohamed, Abdellatif A. Palmquist, Debra E. TI Melt-processed blends of zein with polyvinylpyrrolidone SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Zein; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Melt-processing; Compatible blend ID TENSILE PROPERTIES; FILMS; WATER; POLY(VINYLPYRROLIDONE); EXTRUSION; MEMBRANES; GLYOXAL AB Melt-processed blends of zein and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) of varying molecular weights (55K, 360K and 1.3M) were compared based on mechanical and thermal properties. Generally, all samples stored at 50% RH exhibited a slight improvement in tensile strength, with the PVP360K samples showing the greatest improvement. At the higher levels of PVP, samples stored at 70% RH showed a decrease in tensile strength. Elongation was also more significantly impacted at higher humidity, with the higher levels of PVP causing greater elongation increases. Differential scanning calorimetry data for the blends showed single T(g) values intermediate between the zein and PVP controls. Kinetic thermogravimetric data suggested a multi-step degradation interaction for the zein/PVP blends. Scanning electron microscope imaging of compression molded samples showed homogeneous surface contours for even the 20% PVP1.3M blend. Melt-processed blends of zein with polyvinylpyrrolidone of various molecular weights appear to be compatible. This work represents the first melt-processed blend of zein with PVP to generate a compatible blend. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sessa, David J.; Palmquist, Debra E.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Biometr Serv, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Sessa, DJ (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Biometr Serv, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM david.sessa@ars.usda.gov FU Biotechnology Research and Development Corporation (BRDC); Global Protein Products, Inc. FX We thank the Biotechnology Research and Development Corporation (BRDC) and Global Protein Products, Inc. for funding this research. We thank Jason Adkins for performing the TGA analysis, Art Thompson for performing the SEM analysis, and Kathy Hornback and Gary Kuzniar for assistance with extrusion. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 33 IS 1 BP 57 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.08.008 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 703DY UT WOS:000285955500008 ER PT J AU Kim, KI Gesch, RW Cermak, SC Phippen, WB Berti, MT Johnson, BL Marek, L AF Kim, Ki-In Gesch, Russ W. Cermak, Steven C. Phippen, Winthrop B. Berti, Marisol T. Johnson, Burton L. Marek, Laura TI Cuphea growth, yield, and oil characteristics as influenced by climate and soil environments across the upper Midwest USA SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Cuphea; Seed oil; Fatty acids; Yield ID NORTHERN CORN-BELT; FATTY-ACIDS; SOWING DATE; SEED YIELD; WATER-USE; VISCOSISSIMA; TEMPERATURE; GERMPLASM; LINES; RAPE AB Cuphea is a potential new oilseed crop rich in medium-chain fatty acids (C8:0 to C14:0) that may serve as a renewable, biodegradable source of oil for lubricants. motor oil, and aircraft fuel. Impacts of climate and soil environment on cuphea growth and development are not well understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of climate and soil on growth, seed yield, and seed oil characteristics of two semi-domesticated cuphea genotypes [PSR23 and HC-10 (Cuphea viscosissima Jacq. x C. lanceolata W.T. Aiton)] and three wild species [Cuphea wrightii, Cuphea lutea, and C. viscosissima (VS-6-CPR-1)] that show potential for domestication. The study was conducted in 2007 and 2008 at field sites in North Dakota (ND), Minnesota (MN). Iowa (IA), and Illinois (IL). Cuphea PSR23 and HC-10 were direct seeded in the field, while the three wild species were transplanted. The two plantings were treated as separate experiments. Plant growth, seed yield and oil content for the two direct-seeded lines tended to be distinctly greater in MN and ND than IL and IA, which was related more to growth temperature than soil environment. The three wild species generally performed similarly across the four different environments. C. wrightii had the greatest oil content, ranging from 320 to 360 g kg(-1), which was comprised of 59-64% lauric acid. For each genotype, the content of its most prominent saturated medium-chain fatty acid (e.g., C10:0 or C12:0) increased with decreasing latitude of field site. Seed yields for C. wrightii and C. lutea were as high as 1116 kg ha(-1). Combined with relatively high seed oil contents (280-350 g kg(-1)) these species may be good candidates for domestication. Results indicate that PSR23 and HC-10 are more regionally adapted than the wild species studied, which tended to exhibit a greater range of adaptability to climate and soil conditions. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gesch, Russ W.] USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Kim, Ki-In] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Cermak, Steven C.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res Lab, Peoria, IL USA. [Phippen, Winthrop B.] Western Illinois Univ, Dept Agr, Macomb, IL 61455 USA. [Berti, Marisol T.; Johnson, Burton L.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Marek, Laura] USDA ARS, N Cent Reg Plant Intro Stn, Ames, IA USA. RP Gesch, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM russ.gesch@ars.usda.gov FU Energy & Environmental Research Center, University of North Dakota through Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) FX The authors thank Joe Boots, Fred Iutzi, and Irv Larsen for their expert field assistance and Amber L Durham for oil and fatty acid analysis. We also acknowledge funding by the Energy & Environmental Research Center, University of North Dakota for cuphea research, through a grant from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 33 IS 1 BP 99 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.09.003 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 703DY UT WOS:000285955500015 ER PT J AU Cermak, SC Isbell, TA Evangelista, RL Johnson, BL AF Cermak, Steven C. Isbell, Terry A. Evangelista, Roque L. Johnson, Burton L. TI Synthesis and physical properties of petroselinic based estolide esters SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Cloud point; Coriander; Estolides; Pour point; RPVOT; Viscosity ID ACID-CATALYZED CONDENSATION; OIL COMPOSITION; OXIDATIVE STABILITY; 2-ETHYLHEXYL ESTERS; VEGETABLE-OILS; OLEIC-ACID; CORIANDER AB A new series of petroselinic (Coriandrum sativum L) based estolide 2-ethylhexyl (2-EH) esters were synthesized, as the capping material varied in length and in degrees of unsaturation, in a perchloric acid catalyzed one-pot process with the esterification process incorporated into an in situ second step to provide the coriander estolide 2-EH ester. The kinematic viscosities ranged from 53 to 75 cSt at 40 degrees C and 9.1 to 14.6 cSt at 100 degrees C with a viscosity index (VI) ranging from 151 to 165. The caprylic (C8) capped coriander estolide 2-EH ester had the lowest low-temperature properties (pour point = -33 degrees C and cloud point = -33 degrees C), while the coco-coriander estolide 2-EH ester produced an estolide with modest low-temperature properties (pour point = -24 degrees C and cloud point = -25 degrees C). The coco-coriander estolide 2-EH ester was explored for the ability to resist oxidative degradation with the use of an biodegradable additive package added in 1.5%, 3.5%, or 7.0% units based on weight. The oxidative stability increased as the amount of stability package increased (rotating pressurized vessel oxidation test (RPVOT) times 65-273 min). Along with expected good biodegradability, these coriander estolide 2-EH esters had acceptable properties that should provide a specialty niche in the U.S. as a biobased lubricant. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Cermak, Steven C.; Isbell, Terry A.; Evangelista, Roque L.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Johnson, Burton L.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Cermak, SC (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM steven.cermak@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 33 IS 1 BP 132 EP 139 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.09.012 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 703DY UT WOS:000285955500019 ER PT J AU Pavlista, AD Santra, DK Isbell, TA Baltensperger, DD Hergert, GW Krall, J Mesbach, A Johnson, J O'Neil, M Aiken, R Berrada, A AF Pavlista, A. D. Santra, D. K. Isbell, T. A. Baltensperger, D. D. Hergert, G. W. Krall, J. Mesbach, A. Johnson, J. O'Neil, M. Aiken, R. Berrada, A. TI Adaptability of irrigated spring canola oil production to the US High Plains SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE C18:1; C18:2; C18:3; C22:1; Omega-3; Omega-6; Omega-9; Erucic acid; Biofuel; Biodiesel; Great Plains ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; SUNFLOWER SEED; TEMPERATURE; CROPS; YIELD AB Canola oil is high in oleic acid which is commonly used for food and industrial purposes. To determine adaptability of spring canola (Brassica napus L) to the High Plains for industrial oil production, 26 irrigated trials were conducted from 2005 to 2008. Trials were divided into five regions-1: 36-37 degrees N 108 degrees W; 2: 39-40 degrees N 101-103 degrees W; 3: 41-42 degrees N 102-103 degrees W; 4: 41-42 degrees N 104 degrees W; 5: 43-44 degrees N 106-108 degrees W. Cultural practices were based on site-specific protocols. Four cultivars, Hyola 401, Hyola 357 Magnum, SW Marksman, and SW Patriot, were planted in replicated plots in April or May under standard irrigation and harvested in July to October depending on region. Seed yield Hyola 401 and Hyola 357 Magnum were higher than SW Marksman and SW Patriot across the five regions and within Regions 1, 2, 3, and 5. Regions 1, 2 and 3 yielded significantly greater than did Regions 4 and 5. Samples from 18 trials were examined for their oil content and fatty acid distribution. The four cultivars had greater than 38% oil content: SW Marksman and SW Patriot had higher oil content than Hyola 401 and Hyola 357 Mag. Higher oil content was achieved in Regions 1, 4 and 5. Across and within regions, the percent of oleic acid did not differ for the four cultivars. The mean content of oleic acid decreased going north from Region 2 to Region 5, as did seed yield in the High Plains. Linoleic acid increased going north from Region 1. Linolenic acids showed little variation across regions. Considering yield and total oil content together, growing spring canola would be excellent in the High Plains. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pavlista, A. D.; Santra, D. K.; Hergert, G. W.] Univ Nebraska, PREC, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. [Isbell, T. A.] ARS, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Baltensperger, D. D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Krall, J.] Univ Wyoming, SAREC, Lingle, WY 82223 USA. [Mesbach, A.] Univ Wyoming, NAREC, Powell, WY 82435 USA. [Johnson, J.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [O'Neil, M.] New Mexico State Univ, Farmington, NM 87499 USA. [Aiken, R.] Kansas State Univ, Colby, KS 67701 USA. [Berrada, A.] Colorado State Univ, Yellow Jacket, CO 81335 USA. RP Pavlista, AD (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, PREC, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. EM apavlista@unl.edu NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 33 IS 1 BP 165 EP 169 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.10.005 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 703DY UT WOS:000285955500024 ER PT J AU Brooks, WS Vaughn, ME Griffey, CA Thomason, WE Paling, JJ Pitman, RM Dunaway, DW Corbin, RA Kenner, JC Hokanson, EG Behl, HD Beahm, BR Liu, SY Gundrum, PG Price, AM Brann, DE Whitt, DL Custis, JT Starner, DE Gulick, SA Ashburn, SR Jones, EH Marshall, DS Fountain, MO Tuong, TD Livingston, DP Premakumar, R Kurantz, MJ Taylor, F Moreau, RA Hicks, KB AF Brooks, W. S. Vaughn, M. E. Griffey, C. A. Thomason, W. E. Paling, J. J. Pitman, R. M. Dunaway, D. W. Corbin, R. A. Kenner, J. C. Hokanson, E. G. Behl, H. D. Beahm, B. R. Liu, S. Y. Gundrum, P. G. Price, A. M. Brann, D. E. Whitt, D. L. Custis, J. T. Starner, D. E. Gulick, S. A. Ashburn, S. R. Jones, E. H., Jr. Marshall, D. S. Fountain, M. O. Tuong, T. D. Livingston, D. P. Premakumar, R. Kurantz, M. J. Taylor, F. Moreau, R. A. Hicks, K. B. TI Registration of 'Dan' Winter Hulless Barley SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Dan' (Reg. No. CV-346, PI 659066), a six-rowed winter hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) that was developed and tested as VA03H-61 by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, was released in March 2009. Dan was derived from the cross VA96-41-17/SC872143. It was released for production in the eastern United States as a potential commodity for fuel ethanol, food, and feed production. In the Virginia Official State Variety Trial, the 3-yr (2007-2009) average grain yield (3564 kg ha(-1)) and average grain volume weight (78.3 kg hL(-1)) of Dan were higher than those of the hulless cultivars 'Eve' and 'Doyce'. Dan also had an average starch concentration (66.2%) that was higher than that of Doyce and Eve. Dan provides barley producers and end users in the eastern United States with a widely adapted, winter-hardy, hulless cultivar having superior grain quality and moderate resistance to Fusarium head blight (caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe). C1 [Brooks, W. S.; Griffey, C. A.; Thomason, W. E.; Paling, J. J.; Hokanson, E. G.; Behl, H. D.; Liu, S. Y.; Gundrum, P. G.; Price, A. M.; Brann, D. E.] Virginia Tech, Dep Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Vaughn, M. E.; Pitman, R. M.; Dunaway, D. W.; Corbin, R. A.; Kenner, J. C.] Eastern Virginia Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Warsaw, VA 22572 USA. [Beahm, B. R.] Virginia Fdn Seed Stocks Farm, Mt Holly, VA 22524 USA. [Whitt, D. L.] Virginia Crop Improvement Assoc, Mechanicsville, VA 23116 USA. [Custis, J. T.] Eastern Shore Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Painter, VA 23420 USA. [Starner, D. E.; Gulick, S. A.] No Piedmt Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Orange, VA 22960 USA. [Ashburn, S. R.] Tidewater Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Holland, VA 23437 USA. [Jones, E. H., Jr.] So Piedmt Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Blackstone, VA 23824 USA. [Marshall, D. S.; Fountain, M. O.; Tuong, T. D.; Livingston, D. P.; Premakumar, R.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kurantz, M. J.; Taylor, F.; Moreau, R. A.; Hicks, K. B.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Brooks, WS (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dep Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM wybrooks@vt.edu OI Moreau, Robert/0000-0002-8166-8322 FU Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station; Virginia Small Grains Board; Maryland Grain Producers Utilization Board; Kentucky Small Grains Grower Association; U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative; U.S. Department of Agriculture [59-0790-4-102] FX Dan was developed with financial support from the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, the Virginia Small Grains Board, the Maryland Grain Producers Utilization Board, and the Kentucky Small Grains Grower Association. This material is based on work supported the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative and the U.S. Department of Agriculture under Agreement No. 59-0790-4-102. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.03.0161crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 701WI UT WOS:000285855500001 ER PT J AU Vandemark, GJ McPhee, KE Muehlbauer, FJ AF Vandemark, G. J. McPhee, K. E. Muehlbauer, F. J. TI Registration of 'Essex' Lentil SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Essex' (Reg. No. CV-33, PI 657980; experimental designation LC01602307E) lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) was released by the USDA-ARS in August 2009. Essex, a small-seeded lentil with yellow cotyledons and green seed coat, was released based on its yield performance relative to that of the cultivar Eston. Essex is an F(12) line derived from an F(5) selection from a 'Richlea'//PI 297754 cross. Essex was tested in advanced yield trials for a total of 16 site-years in the U.S. Pacific Northwest (Idaho and Washington). Over all environments, Essex averaged 1300 kg ha(-1), which was 35 and 26% greater than that of Eston and Athena, respectively. Essex reaches maturity at approximately 99 d, 1 d later than Eston. The green-plant height of Essex averaged 37.2 cm, as compared with 32.6 cm for Eston. The mature-plant height of Essex averaged 33.2 cm, as compared with 31.6 cm for Eston. However, difference between Essex and Eston for maturity, green-plant height, and mature-plant height were not significant. The mean 100-seed weight of Essex was 4.3 g, which is significantly greater than that of Eston (3.5 g 100 seed(-1)). Essex will be targeted for production in the Pacific Northwest of the United States and is expected to be exported primarily to Mexico. C1 [Vandemark, G. J.; McPhee, K. E.; Muehlbauer, F. J.] ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Vandemark, GJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, POB 646434, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM george.vandemark@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS; USA Dry Pea and Lentil Council FX Essex was developed with financial support from the USDA-ARS and the USA Dry Pea and Lentil Council. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 19 EP 21 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.03.0151crc PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 701WI UT WOS:000285855500005 ER PT J AU Scully, BT Nagata, RT Sistrunk, DM Cherry, RH Nuessly, GS Kenworthy, KE DeFrank, J AF Scully, B. T. Nagata, R. T. Sistrunk, D. M. Cherry, R. H. Nuessly, G. S. Kenworthy, K. E. DeFrank, J. TI Registration of 'Aloha' Seashore Paspalum SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Aloha' (Reg. No. CV-3, PI 652948) seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum O. Swartz) was developed at the Everglades Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida and jointly released by the Florida and Hawaii agricultural experiment stations. It was initially approved for release in early 2005 and a pending plant patent was submitted in late 2005. This variety of seashore paspalum was selected as an open-pollinated progeny derived from naturalized local landraces growing on the island of Hawaii and was tested in southern Florida under the coded breeding line number H99-47. Aloha was selected for improved agronomic, horticultural, and host-plant resistance traits including a faster rate of crop establishment and ground coverage, darker and deeper green leaf color, and superior resistance to the greenbug aphid (Schizaphis graminum Rondani; Homoptera:Aphididae). In comparison to a set of standard varieties, Aloha attained 50% plot coverage in less than 4 mo whereas the standards took, on average, more than 5 mo. The leaf color of Aloha was a darker green and had a deeper hue than the standard varieties, and the greenbug aphids took longer to reach reproductive maturity, had a shorter lifespan, and produced fewer offspring when cultured on Aloha. Aloha also exhibited a morphology distinct from the standards for a set of measured inflorescence and vegetative traits. C1 [Scully, B. T.] ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Nagata, R. T.] Univ Hawaii, Komohana Res & Extens Ctr CTAHR, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Sistrunk, D. M.; Cherry, R. H.; Nuessly, G. S.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. [Sistrunk, D. M.; Cherry, R. H.; Nuessly, G. S.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. [Kenworthy, K. E.] Univ Florida, Dep Agron, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [DeFrank, J.] Univ Hawaii, Dep Trop Plant & Soil Sci CTAHR, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Scully, BT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, 2747 Davis Rd, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM brian.scully@ars.usda.gov FU Florida Agric. Exp. Sta.; Florida Foundation Seed Producers, Inc; Hawaii Agric. Exp. Sta.; Environmental Turf, Inc., Avon Park, FL FX This research was supported by the Florida Agric. Exp. Sta., Florida Foundation Seed Producers, Inc., and the Hawaii Agric. Exp. Sta. and sponsored by Environmental Turf, Inc., Avon Park, FL. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 22 EP 26 DI 10.3198/jpr2009.09.0498crc PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 701WI UT WOS:000285855500006 ER PT J AU Isleib, TG Milla-Lewis, SR Pattee, HE Copeland, SC Zuleta, MC Shew, BB Hollowell, JE Sanders, TH Dean, LO Hendrix, KW Balota, M Chapin, JW AF Isleib, Thomas G. Milla-Lewis, Susana R. Pattee, Harold E. Copeland, Susan C. Zuleta, M. Carolina Shew, Barbara B. Hollowell, Joyce E. Sanders, Timothy H. Dean, Lisa O. Hendrix, Keith W. Balota, Maria Chapin, Jay W. TI Registration of 'Bailey' Peanut SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID GERMPLASM AB 'Bailey' (Reg. No. CV-111, PI 659502) is a large-seeded virginia-type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. hypogaea var. hypogaea) with partial resistance to five diseases that occur commonly in the Virginia-Carolina production area: early leaf spot (caused by Cercospora arachidicola Hori), late leaf spot [caused by Cercosporidium personatum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Deighton], Cylindrocladium black rot [caused by Cylindrocladium parasiticum Crous, M.J. Wingf. & Alfenas], Sclerotinia blight ( caused by Sclerotinia minor Jagger), and tomato spotted wilt (caused by Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus). It also has partial resistance to southern stem rot (caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.). Bailey was developed as part of a program of selection for multiple-disease resistance funded by growers, seedsmen, shellers, and processors. Bailey was tested under the experimental designation N03081T and was released by the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service (NCARS) in 2008. Bailey was tested by the NCARS, the Virginia Agricultural Experimental Station, and five other state agricultural experiment stations and the USDA-ARS units participating in the Uniform Peanut Performance Tests. Bailey has an alternate branching pattern, an intermediate runner growth habit, medium green foliage, and high contents of fancy pods and medium virginia-type seeds. It has approximately 34% jumbo and 46% fancy pods, seeds with tan testas and an average weight of 823 mg seed(-1), and an extra large kernel content of approximately 42%. Bailey is named in honor of the late Dr. Jack E. Bailey, formerly the peanut breeding project's collaborating plant pathologist. C1 [Isleib, Thomas G.; Milla-Lewis, Susana R.; Copeland, Susan C.; Zuleta, M. Carolina] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Pattee, Harold E.] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Biol & Agr Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Shew, Barbara B.; Hollowell, Joyce E.] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Sanders, Timothy H.; Dean, Lisa O.; Hendrix, Keith W.] ARS, USDA, Market Qual & Handling Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Balota, Maria] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Tidewater Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Suffolk, VA 23437 USA. [Chapin, Jay W.] Clemson Univ, Dep Entomol Soils & Plant Sci, Edisto Res & Educ Ctr, Blackville, SC 29817 USA. RP Isleib, TG (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dep Crop Sci, Box 7629, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM tom_isleib@ncsu.edu RI Dean, Lisa/B-1463-2015; OI Dean, Lisa/0000-0002-2407-9548; Milla-Lewis, Susana/0000-0001-8524-5039 NR 40 TC 9 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 27 EP 39 DI 10.3198/jpr2009.12.0742crc PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 701WI UT WOS:000285855500007 ER PT J AU Davidson, RW Milligan, SB Glaz, B Comstock, JC Hu, CJ Glynn, NC Edme, SJ Holder, DG Gilbert, RA Sood, S del Blanco, IA Zhao, DL AF Davidson, R. Wayne Milligan, Scott B. Glaz, Barry Comstock, Jack C. Hu, Chen-Jian Glynn, Neil C. Edme, Serge J. Holder, David G. Gilbert, Robert A. Sood, Sushma del Blanco, Isabel A. Zhao, Duli TI Registration of 'CPCL 99-4455' Sugarcane SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB Research to develop 'CPCL 99-4455' (Reg. No. CV-142; PI 659802) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was initiated by the United States Sugar Corporation (USSC) and completed cooperatively by the USDA-ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugarcane League, Inc. CPCL 99-4455 was released to growers in Florida on 15 Dec. 2009. CPCL 99-4455 was selected from a cross of the USSC proprietary genotype CL 90-4643 x 'CP 84-1198' made at Clewiston, FL on 22 Dec. 1998. The female parent, CL 90-4643, has high yields of cane and sucrose but it is not used commercially by the USSC because of susceptibility to Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E. The male parent, cultivar CP 84-1198, has moderately high commercial recoverable sucrose (CRS) and cane yields and has been grown commercially on about 1-5% of Florida's sugarcane acreage since 1996. CPCL 99-4455 is moderately resistant to smut (caused by Ustilago scitaminea Sydow & P. Sydow), brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. & P. Sydow), orange rust (caused by Puccinia kuehnii E.J. Butler), leaf scald (caused by Xanthomonas albilineans Ashby, Dowson), and Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E. CPCL 99-4455 is expected to be used mostly on organic (muck) soils in Florida, where it had high CRS and acceptable yields of cane in our tests. C1 [Milligan, Scott B.; Glaz, Barry; Comstock, Jack C.; Glynn, Neil C.; Edme, Serge J.; Sood, Sushma; del Blanco, Isabel A.; Zhao, Duli] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. [Davidson, R. Wayne] Florida Sugar Cane League Inc, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. [Hu, Chen-Jian; Holder, David G.] US Sugar Corp, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. [Gilbert, Robert A.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. RP Glaz, B (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, 12990 US Hwy,441 N, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. EM Barry.Glaz@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 54 EP 61 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.05.0253crc PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 701WI UT WOS:000285855500011 ER PT J AU Mergoum, M Simsek, S Frohberg, RC Rasmussen, JB Friesen, TL Adhikari, T AF Mergoum, Mohamed Simsek, Senay Frohberg, Richard C. Rasmussen, Jack B. Friesen, Timothy L. Adhikari, Tika TI 'Barlow': A High-Quality and High-Yielding Hard Red Spring Wheat Cultivar Adapted to the North Central Plains of the USA SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; REGISTRATION; RESISTANT AB 'Barlow' (Reg. No. CV-1055, PI 658018) hard red spring wheat (HRSW) (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed at North Dakota State University and released by the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station (NDAES). Barlow was released in 2009 primarily for its good adaptation to the spring-wheat-growing regions in the U.S. North Central Plains. However, Barlow also shows superior adaptation, particularly to the rainfed western wheat-production regions of North Dakota and counties in adjacent states. It has high yield potential and excellent milling and baking properties. Barlow is resistant to leaf rust (caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks.), stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis Per.:Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn), tan spot [caused by [Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs] race 3, Septoria tritici blotch (caused by Mycosphaerella graminicola (Fuckl) J. Schrot. in Cohn), and Stagonospora nodorum blotch [caused by Stagonospora nodorum (Berk.) Castellani & E.G. Germano]. It also has an intermediate level of resistance to Fusarium head blight, or scab [caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe (telomorph Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch)]. Barlow is derived from the ND 744/ND 721 cross made at NDSU in fall 1999. ND 744 (PI634936), a 'Glenn' (PI 639273) sister line, is a public HRSW breeding line developed at NDSU and released by NDAES as a germplasm in 2005. ND 721 is a public breeding line derived from the cross 'Grandin'/3/IAS20(star)4/H567.71//'Amidon'/4/ND 674. Barlow was produced from a bulk of 180 purified F(11) headrow increase plots grown at Prosper, ND in 2007. Barlow was released because it combines high yield, excellent end-use quality, and resistance to many diseases. C1 [Mergoum, Mohamed; Simsek, Senay; Frohberg, Richard C.] N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Rasmussen, Jack B.; Adhikari, Tika] N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Friesen, Timothy L.] ARS, USDA, Fargo, ND USA. RP Mergoum, M (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Sci, Dep 7670,POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM mohamed.mergoum@ndsu.edu RI Mergoum, Mohamed/D-3815-2014 NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 62 EP 67 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.05.0259crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 701WI UT WOS:000285855500012 ER PT J AU Griffey, CA Thomason, WE Pitman, RM Beahm, BR Paling, JJ Chen, J Gundrum, PG Fanelli, JK Dunaway, DW Brooks, WS Vaughn, ME Hokanson, EG Behl, HD Corbin, RA Seago, JE Will, BC Hall, MD Liu, SY Custis, JT Starner, DE Gulick, SA Ashburn, SR Jones, EH Whitt, DL Bockelman, HE Souza, EJ Brown-Guedira, GL Kolmer, JA Long, DL Jin, Y Chen, X Cambron, SE AF Griffey, C. A. Thomason, W. E. Pitman, R. M. Beahm, B. R. Paling, J. J. Chen, J. Gundrum, P. G. Fanelli, J. K. Dunaway, D. W. Brooks, W. S. Vaughn, M. E. Hokanson, E. G. Behl, H. D. Corbin, R. A. Seago, J. E. Will, B. C. Hall, M. D. Liu, S. Y. Custis, J. T. Starner, D. E. Gulick, S. A. Ashburn, S. R. Jones, E. H., Jr. Whitt, D. L. Bockelman, H. E. Souza, E. J. Brown-Guedira, G. L. Kolmer, J. A. Long, D. L. Jin, Y. Chen, X. Cambron, S. E. TI Registration of 'Merl' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID POWDERY MILDEW; WINTER-WHEAT; RESISTANCE; YIELD; TRIADIMEFON; QUALITY AB 'Merl' (Reg. No. CV-1052, PI 658598) soft red winter (SRW) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), developed and tested as VA03W-412 by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, was released in March 2009. Merl was derived from the three-way cross 'Roane'/Pioneer variety 2643//'38158' (PI 619052). Merl is a broadly adapted, high-yielding, mid-season, moderately short, semidwarf (Rht2) cultivar having above-average straw strength and milling and pastry-baking qualities. Merl is resistant to powdery mildew [caused by Blumeria graminis (DC.) E.O. Speer] and moderately resistant to stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend.). In Virginia, Merl ranked among the top five cultivars for grain yield with a 3-yr (2007-2009) average of 5725 kg ha(-1). Merl had a mean grain volume weight of 76.4 kg hL(-1) across 22 environments, which was significantly (P < 0.05) higher (1.9-3.0 kg hL(-1)) than that of the other top-yielding cultivars. In USDA-ARS Uniform Eastern SRW Wheat Nursery trials conducted at 29 locations, Merl ranked sixth among 46 entries for grain yield (5917 kg ha(-1)) and seventh for grain volume weight (76.0 kg hL(-1)) in 2006 and ranked second among 45 entries for grain yield (5529 kg ha(-1)) and sixth for grain volume weight (75.7 kg hL(-1)) in 2008. Merl has a soft grain texture, flour softness equivalent values from 57.5 to 60.8 g 100 g(-1), and straight-grade flour yields from 70.5 to 71.5 g kg(-1). The flour protein concentration (7.5-8.7 g 100 g(-1)) and gluten strength, assessed via lactic acid solvent retention capacity (101-104 g 100 g(-1)), of Merl are lower than average. These quality attributes contribute to Men's above-average pastry-baking quality (cookie-spread diameters of 17.93-18.93 cm). C1 [Griffey, C. A.; Thomason, W. E.; Paling, J. J.; Chen, J.; Gundrum, P. G.; Fanelli, J. K.; Brooks, W. S.; Hokanson, E. G.; Behl, H. D.; Seago, J. E.; Will, B. C.; Hall, M. D.; Liu, S. Y.] Virginia Tech, Dep Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Pitman, R. M.; Dunaway, D. W.; Vaughn, M. E.; Corbin, R. A.] Eastern Virginia Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Warsaw, VA 22572 USA. [Custis, J. T.] Eastern Shore Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Painter, VA 23420 USA. [Starner, D. E.; Gulick, S. A.] No Piedmt Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Orange, VA 22960 USA. [Ashburn, S. R.] Tidewater Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Holland, VA 23437 USA. [Jones, E. H., Jr.] So Piedmt Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Blackstone, VA 23824 USA. [Beahm, B. R.] Virginia Fdn Seed Stocks Farm, Mt Holly, VA 22524 USA. [Whitt, D. L.] Virginia Crop Improvement Assoc, Mechanicsville, VA 23116 USA. [Bockelman, H. E.] ARS, USDA, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Souza, E. J.] ARS, USDA, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Brown-Guedira, G. L.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Genotyping Lab, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kolmer, J. A.; Long, D. L.; Jin, Y.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chen, X.] Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Cambron, S. E.] Purdue Univ, ARS, USDA, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Griffey, CA (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dep Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM cgriffey@vt.edu FU Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station; Virginia Small Grains Board; Virginia Agricultural Council; Virginia Crop Improvement Association; USDA-Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service; U.S. Department of Agriculture [2006-55606-16629] FX Merl was developed with financial support from the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, the Virginia Small Grains Board, the Virginia Agricultural Council, the Virginia Crop Improvement Association, and the USDA-Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service. This material is based on research supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture under Agreement No. 2006-55606-16629. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 68 EP 74 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.03.0145crc PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 701WI UT WOS:000285855500013 ER PT J AU Hall, MD Rohrer-Perkins, W Griffey, CA Liu, SY Thomason, WE Abaye, AO Bullard-Schilling, A Gundrum, PG Fanelli, JK Chen, J Brooks, WS Seago, JE Will, BC Hokanson, EG Behl, HD Pitman, RM Kenner, JC Vaughn, ME Corbin, RA Dunaway, DW Lewis, TR Starner, DE Gulick, SA Beahm, BR Whitt, DL Lafferty, JB Hareland, GA AF Hall, M. D. Rohrer-Perkins, W. Griffey, C. A. Liu, S. Y. Thomason, W. E. Abaye, A. O. Bullard-Schilling, A. Gundrum, P. G. Fanelli, J. K. Chen, J. Brooks, W. S. Seago, J. E. Will, B. C. Hokanson, E. G. Behl, H. D. Pitman, R. M. Kenner, J. C. Vaughn, M. E. Corbin, R. A. Dunaway, D. W. Lewis, T. R. Starner, D. E. Gulick, S. A. Beahm, B. R. Whitt, D. L. Lafferty, J. B. Hareland, G. A. TI Registration of 'Snowglenn' Winter Durum Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Snowglenn' (Reg. No. CV-1054, PI 659070) winter durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) developed and tested as VA05WD-40 by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station was released in March 2008. Snowglenn was derived from the three-way cross N1291-86/N1439-83//'Alidur'. Snowglenn is a full-season, medium-height, winter durum wheat having good winter hardiness, high grain volume weight, and moderate resistance to Fusarium head blight [caused by Fusarium graminearum (Schwabe)]. In Virginia, Snowglenn was the highest-yielding winter durum line tested in 2006 (5308 kg ha(-1)) and 2008 (4824 kg ha-1). Data from Austria indicates that Snowglenn is moderately susceptible to powdery mildew [caused by Blumeria graminis (DC) E.O. Speer], leaf rust (caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks.), and leaf blotch (caused by Septoria tritici Roberge in Desmaz.). Grain of Snowglenn has satisfactory quality for use in blends with traditional spring durum grain for pasta production. C1 [Hall, M. D.; Rohrer-Perkins, W.; Griffey, C. A.; Liu, S. Y.; Thomason, W. E.; Abaye, A. O.; Bullard-Schilling, A.; Gundrum, P. G.; Fanelli, J. K.; Chen, J.; Brooks, W. S.; Seago, J. E.; Will, B. C.; Hokanson, E. G.; Behl, H. D.] Virginia Tech, Dep Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Pitman, R. M.; Kenner, J. C.; Vaughn, M. E.; Corbin, R. A.; Dunaway, D. W.; Lewis, T. R.] Eastern Virginia Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Warsaw, VA 22572 USA. [Starner, D. E.; Gulick, S. A.] No Piedmt Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Orange, VA 22960 USA. [Beahm, B. R.] Virginia Fdn Seed Stocks Farm, Mt Holly, VA 22524 USA. [Whitt, D. L.] Virginia Crop Improvement Assoc, Mechanicsville, VA 23116 USA. [Lafferty, J. B.] Saatzucht Donau, Probstdorf, Austria. [Hareland, G. A.] ARS, USDA, Hard Red Spring & Durum Qual Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Hall, MD (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dep Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM mdhall@vt.edu FU Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station; Virginia Small Grains Board; Virginia Agricultural Council; Virginia Crop Improvement Association; U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative; USDA-Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service; U.S. Department of Agriculture [59-0790-4-102, 2006-55606-16629] FX Snowglenn was developed with financial support from the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, the Virginia Small Grains Board, the Virginia Agricultural Council, the Virginia Crop Improvement Association, the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative, and the USDA-Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service. This material is based on research supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture under Agreement No. 59-0790-4-102 and 2006-55606-16629. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 81 EP 86 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.03.0160crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 701WI UT WOS:000285855500015 ER PT J AU Haley, SD Johnson, JJ Peairs, FB Stromberger, JA Heaton, EE Seifert, SA Kottke, RA Rudolph, JB Martin, TJ Bai, GH Chen, XM Bowden, RL Jin, Y Kolmer, JA Seifers, DL Chen, MS Seabourn, BW AF Haley, Scott D. Johnson, Jerry J. Peairs, Frank B. Stromberger, John A. Heaton, Emily E. Seifert, Scott A. Kottke, Rebecca A. Rudolph, Jeff B. Martin, Terry J. Bai, Guihua Chen, Xianming Bowden, Robert L. Jin, Yue Kolmer, James A. Seifers, Dallas L. Chen, Ming-Shun Seabourn, Bradford W. TI Registration of 'Snowmass' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RUST RESISTANCE GENE; STREAK-MOSAIC-VIRUS; MARKERS; REGION; SR2 AB 'Snowmass' (Reg. No. CV-1050, PI 658597) hard white winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed by the Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station and released in July 2009 through a marketing agreement with the Colorado Wheat Research Foundation. In addition to researchers at Colorado State University (CSU) and Kansas State University (KSU), USDA-ARS researchers at Manhattan, KS, St. Paul, MN, and Pullman, WA, participated in its development. Snowmass was selected from the cross KS96HW94//'Trego'/CO960293 made in 1999 at Fort Collins, CO, with the initial F(1) between Trego and CO960293 made by KSU at Hays, KS. KS96HW94 is an unreleased experimental line from KSU with the pedigree 'Arlin' (PI 564246)/KS89H20. Trego is a hard white winter wheat cultivar released by KSU in 1999. CO960293 is an unreleased experimental line from CSU from which the germplasm release CO960293-2 was selected. Snowmass was selected as an F(6:7) line in July 2006 and assigned experimental line number CO03W054-2. Snowmass was released because of its superior grain yield under nonirrigated production conditions in eastern Colorado; its resistance to Wheat streak mosaic virus, stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici), and stem rust (P. graminis f. sp. tritici); and its superior milling and bread-baking quality. C1 [Haley, Scott D.; Johnson, Jerry J.; Stromberger, John A.; Heaton, Emily E.; Seifert, Scott A.; Kottke, Rebecca A.] Colorado State Univ, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Peairs, Frank B.; Rudolph, Jeff B.] Colorado State Univ, Dep Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Martin, Terry J.; Seifers, Dallas L.] Kansas State Univ, Agr Res Ctr Hays, Hays, KS 67601 USA. [Bai, Guihua; Bowden, Robert L.; Chen, Ming-Shun] Kansas State Univ, ARS, USDA, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Jin, Yue; Kolmer, James A.] Univ Minnesota, ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Seabourn, Bradford W.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Haley, SD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM scott.haley@colostate.edu RI Haley, Scott/C-1228-2013 FU Colorado Wheat Administrative Committee; USDA-CSREES [2009-34205-19960, 2008-34205-19341, 2006-34205-17358, 2005-34205-16334, 2003-34205-13636]; National Research Initiative of USDA's Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2006-55606-16629]; Wheat Research Foundation FX Research supported in part by the Colorado Wheat Administrative Committee and Wheat Research Foundation, USDA-CSREES Special Research Grants Nos. 2009-34205-19960, 2008-34205-19341, 2006-34205-17358, 2005-34205-16334, 2003-34205-13636, and the National Research Initiative of USDA's Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service CAP Grant No. 2006-55606-16629. NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 87 EP 90 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.03.0175crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 701WI UT WOS:000285855500016 ER PT J AU Griffey, CA Thomason, WE Pitman, RM Beahm, BR Gundrum, PG Liu, SY Chen, J Paling, JJ Dunaway, DW Brooks, WS Vaughn, ME Seago, JE Will, BC Hokanson, EG Behl, HD Corbin, RA Lewis, TR Hall, MD Custis, JT Starner, DE Gulick, SA Ashburn, SR Whitt, DL Bockelman, HE Murphy, JP Navarro, RA Souza, EJ Brown-Guedira, GL Kolmer, JA Long, DL Jin, Y Chen, X Cambron, SE AF Griffey, C. A. Thomason, W. E. Pitman, R. M. Beahm, B. R. Gundrum, P. G. Liu, S. Y. Chen, J. Paling, J. J. Dunaway, D. W. Brooks, W. S. Vaughn, M. E. Seago, J. E. Will, B. C. Hokanson, E. G. Behl, H. D. Corbin, R. A. Lewis, T. R. Hall, M. D. Custis, J. T. Starner, D. E. Gulick, S. A. Ashburn, S. R. Whitt, D. L. Bockelman, H. E. Murphy, J. P. Navarro, R. A. Souza, E. J. Brown-Guedira, G. L. Kolmer, J. A. Long, D. L. Jin, Y. Chen, X. Cambron, S. E. TI Registration of 'SW049029104' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT AB 'SW049029104' (Reg. No. CV-1053, PI 658599) soft red winter (SRW) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed and released by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station in March 2009. SW049029104 was derived from the cross '38158' (PI 619052)/Pioneer variety 2552//'Roane' and was tested under the experimental number VA04W-90. SW049029104 is a broadly adapted, high-yielding, moderately short, semidwarf (Rht2) cultivar that is resistant to powdery mildew [caused by Blumeria graminis (DC.) E.O. Speer] and Fusarium head blight (caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe). In the 2009 USDA-ARS Uniform Southern SRW Wheat Nursery conducted at 25 locations, SW049029104 ranked first among 40 entries for grain yield (4889 kg ha(-1)) and fourth for grain volume weight (73.2 kg hL(-1)). The milling and baking qualities of SW049029104 exceeded those of 'USG 3555' and Pioneer brand 26R61. Flour softness and cookie-spread diameter of SW049029104 (61.5-64.8 g 100 g(-1) and 18.39-18.48 cm) exceeded those of USG 3555 (57.9-61.1 g 100 g(-1) and 18.09-18.21 cm) and Pioneer brand 26R61 (54.5-61.1 g 100 g(-1) and 18.12-18.13 cm). While flour protein concentration of SW049029104 (8.55-8.66 g 100 g(-1)) was lower than that of USG 3555 (8.88-9.10 g 100 g(-1)) and Pioneer brand 26R61 (9.65-9.66 g 100 g(-1)), its gluten strength, assessed via lactic acid solvent retention capacity (124.7-129.7 g 100 g(-1)), exceeded that of USG 3555 (118.9-124.0 g 100 g(-1)) and Pioneer brand 26R61 (113.5-126.0 g 100 g(-1)). C1 [Griffey, C. A.; Thomason, W. E.; Gundrum, P. G.; Liu, S. Y.; Chen, J.; Paling, J. J.; Brooks, W. S.; Seago, J. E.; Will, B. C.; Hokanson, E. G.; Behl, H. D.; Hall, M. D.] Virginia Tech, Dep Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Pitman, R. M.; Dunaway, D. W.; Vaughn, M. E.; Corbin, R. A.; Lewis, T. R.] Eastern Virginia Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Warsaw, VA 22572 USA. [Custis, J. T.] Eastern Shore Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Painter, VA 23420 USA. [Starner, D. E.; Gulick, S. A.] No Piedmt Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Orange, VA 22960 USA. [Ashburn, S. R.] Tidewater Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Holland, VA 23437 USA. [Beahm, B. R.] Virginia Fdn Seed Stocks Farm, Mt Holly, VA 22524 USA. [Whitt, D. L.] Virginia Crop Improvement Assoc, Mechanicsville, VA 23116 USA. [Bockelman, H. E.] ARS, USDA, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Murphy, J. P.; Navarro, R. A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Souza, E. J.] ARS, USDA, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Brown-Guedira, G. L.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Genotyping Lab, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kolmer, J. A.; Long, D. L.; Jin, Y.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chen, X.] ARS, USDA, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Cambron, S. E.] Purdue Univ, ARS, USDA, Dep Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Griffey, CA (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dep Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM cgriffey@vt.edu FU Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station; Virginia Small Grains Board; Virginia Agricultural Council; Virginia Crop Improvement Association; U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative; USDA-Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service; U.S. Department of Agriculture [59-0790-4-102, 2006-55606-16629] FX SW049029104 was developed with financial support from the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, the Virginia Small Grains Board, the Virginia Agricultural Council, the Virginia Crop Improvement Association, the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative, and the USDA-Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service. This material is based on work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No. 59-0790-4-102 and 2006-55606-16629. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 91 EP 97 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.03.0146crc PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 701WI UT WOS:000285855500017 ER PT J AU Miklas, PN Singh, SP Teran, H Kelly, JD Smith, JR AF Miklas, P. N. Singh, S. P. Teran, H. Kelly, J. D. Smith, J. R. TI Registration of Common Bacterial Blight Resistant Cranberry Dry Bean Germplasm Line USCR-CBB-20 SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; HALO BLIGHT; QTL; BACKCROSS; GENES AB Common bacterial blight (CBB; caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli) is a serious disease of dry and green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in warm humid climates. Crop loss up to 40% has been reported due to this disease, which is most prominent east of the continental divide in the United States. Cranberry beans are very susceptible to CBB, so our objective was to develop a cranberry dry bean with improved resistance to the disease. A combination of marker-assisted selection for quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance in early generations followed by selection under disease pressure in later generations was used to develop the cranberry dry bean germplasm line USCR-CBB-20 (Reg. No. GP-281, PI 659069), which has improved resistance to CBB. USCR-CBB-20, released in 2008 by the USDA-ARS in cooperation with the Idaho and Michigan agricultural experiment stations, possesses the sequence-characterized amplified region markers SU91 and SAP6, which are associated with CBB resistance QTL on linkage groups 8 and 10, respectively. USCR-CBB-20 had an average disease score of 5.3 in greenhouse tests, which is a remarkable improvement over the previous cranberry line released with CBB resistance, which scored 8.4 (9 = completely susceptible) in the same tests. Except for relatively small seed size, USCR-CBB-20 exhibits commercially acceptable agronomic traits for the cranberry bean market class. Yield potential was above average in Michigan and below average in Washington. USCR-CBB-20 will be useful for improving CBB resistance in the cranberry and other large-seeded dry and green-bean market classes of Andean origin. C1 [Miklas, P. N.] ARS, USDA, Vegetable & Forage Crop Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Singh, S. P.] Univ Idaho, Kimberly Res & Extens Ctr, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Teran, H.] Pioneer Hibred Intl, Salinas, PR 00751 USA. [Kelly, J. D.] Michigan State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Smith, J. R.] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Miklas, PN (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Vegetable & Forage Crop Res Unit, 24106 N Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM phil.miklas@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 98 EP 102 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.03.0124crg PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 701WI UT WOS:000285855500018 ER PT J AU Boerma, HR Monteros, MJ Ha, BK Wood, ED Phillips, DV Walker, DR Missaoui, AM AF Boerma, H. Roger Monteros, Maria J. Ha, Bo-Keun Wood, E. Dale Phillips, Daniel V. Walker, David R. Missaoui, Ali M. TI Registration of Asian Soybean Rust-Resistant Soybean Germplasm G01-PR16 SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID PHAKOPSORA-PACHYRHIZI; CONFIRMATION; GENES; LOCUS AB The soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] germplasm line G01-PR16 (Reg No. GP-371, PI 659503) was developed and released by the Georgia agricultural experiment stations in October 2007. It was released for its combination of resistance to Asian soybean rust (ASR; caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd.), bacterial pustule [caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. glycines (Nakano) Dye], and southern root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood], and for its earlier maturity and higher seed yield relative to 'Hyuuga' (the late-maturing, ASR-resistant parent of G01-PR16). Asian soybean rust has become a consistent late-season problem in the southeastern USA, requiring soybean growers to apply fungicides to limit yield loss. G01-PR16 was selected from a cross between 'Dillon' and Hyuuga made in the summer of 1998. The F-2-F-5 generations of this population were advanced by single-seed descent to the F-6 generation. Seed from a single F-6 plant was composited and designated G01-PR16. Agronomic evaluation and ASR screening occurred in the southern USA. G01-PR16 produced the red-brown, or resistance, reaction to ASR in field plots near Attapulgus, GA with naturally occurring populations of P. pachyrhizi and in greenhouse evaluations when challenged with P. pachyrhizi isolates collected across Georgia. Over seven yield trials in Georgia and Arkansas, G01-PR16 (relative maturity of 6.4) matured an average of 2 d earlier than Dillon and had 90% of the seed yield of Dillon and 122% that of Hyuuga. Like Hyuuga, G01-PR16 contains the Rpp?(Hyuuga) resistance gene. C1 [Boerma, H. Roger; Wood, E. Dale] Univ Georgia, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Monteros, Maria J.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Forage Improvement Div, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Ha, Bo-Keun] Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Adv Radiat Technol Inst, Jeongeup 580185, Jeonbuk, South Korea. [Phillips, Daniel V.] Univ Georgia, Dep Plant Pathol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Walker, David R.] ARS, USDA, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Unit, Natl Soybean Res Ctr 232, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Missaoui, Ali M.] Monsanto Co, Huxley, IA USA. RP Boerma, HR (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM rboerma@uga.edu FU Georgia agricultural experiment stations; United Soybean Board FX The authors wish to express their appreciation to the Monsanto Company (St. Louis, MO) for providing generation advancement of this population in Puerto Rico and to Mark Hood (Pioneer Hi-Bred Int'l., West Memphis, AR) and Glenn Bowers (Syngenta Company, Bay, AR) for providing yield data. G01-PR16 was developed with support from the Georgia agricultural experiment stations and grants provided by the United Soybean Board. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 118 EP 122 DI 10.3198/jpr2009.12.0732crg PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 701WI UT WOS:000285855500022 ER PT J AU Verhoeven, EC Bonman, JM Bregitzer, P Brunick, B Cooper, B Corey, AE Cuesta-Marcos, A Filichkina, T Mundt, CC Obert, D Rossnagel, B Richardson, K Hayes, PM AF Verhoeven, E. C. Bonman, J. M. Bregitzer, P. Brunick, B. Cooper, B. Corey, A. E. Cuesta-Marcos, A. Filichkina, T. Mundt, C. C. Obert, D. Rossnagel, B. Richardson, K. Hayes, P. M. TI Registration of the BISON Genetic Stocks in Hordeum vulgare L. SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID BARLEY STRIPE RUST; RESISTANCE GENES; POPULATION; QTL AB Near-isogenic lines (NILs) were developed in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and evaluated for resistance to barley stripe rust (BSR; incited by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei) and agronomic potential. These NILs, the BISON lines (Barley stripe rust resistance ISOgeNic), represent BSR resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL) alleles introgressed individually and in all possible combinations into a susceptible background 'Baronesse' (PI 568246). The lines are BISON 1H (Reg. No. GS-4, PI 659445), BISON 4H (Reg. No. GS-8, PI 659449), BISON 5H (Reg. No. GS-10, PI 659451), BISON 1H +4H (Reg. No. GS-5, PI 659446), BISON 1H+5H (Reg. No. GS-7, PI 659448), BISON 4H+5H (Reg. No. GS-9, PI 659450), BISON 1H+4H+5H (Reg. No. GS-6, PI 659447), BISON 7H (Reg. No. GS-11, PI 659452), and BISON 0-QTL (Reg. No. GS-12, PI 659453), and the OIL donors were BCD12 (Reg. No. GS-2, PI 659443), BCD47 (Reg. No. GS-3, PI 659444), and D3-6/B23 (Reg. No. GS-1, PI 659442). The experimental lines and released line names are the same. Phenotypic data, in conjunction with genotypic data, were used to characterize QTL allele introgressions and to assess the impact of these introgressions and pyramiding on agronomic performance. The BISON lines represent valuable sources of BSR resistance in an improved background, and performance data provide useful assessments of QTL allele introgressions (alone and in combination) and quantitative versus qualitative disease resistance. C1 [Verhoeven, E. C.; Corey, A. E.; Cuesta-Marcos, A.; Filichkina, T.; Hayes, P. M.] Oregon State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bonman, J. M.; Bregitzer, P.; Obert, D.] USDA ARS, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Brunick, B.] Molson Coors Brewing Co, Burley, ID 83318 USA. [Cooper, B.] Busch Agr Resources, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA. [Mundt, C. C.] Oregon State Univ, Dep Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Rossnagel, B.] Univ Saskatchewan, Ctr Crop Dev, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. [Richardson, K.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Hayes, PM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Patrick.Hayes@oregonstates.edu FU USDA-NRI; United States Barley Genome Project (USBGP); USDA-ARS (Aberdeen, ID); Oregon State University FX Development of the iBISON and BISON lines was funded in part by the USDA-NRI Plant-Microbe Interactions Program and the United States Barley Genome Project (USBGP). Genotyping of the BISON was funded by the Barley Coordinated Agricultural Project: Lever-aging Genomics, Genetics, and Breeding for Gene Discovery and Barley Improvement. The coordinated assessment of the phenotyping described in this report was supported by a specific cooperative agreement between the USDA-ARS (Aberdeen, ID) and Oregon State University. This work is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Hugo Vivar, formerly of ICARDA/CIMMYT, who had the vision and determination to identify and deploy durable stripe rust resistance genes. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 135 EP 140 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.05.0269crgs PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 701WI UT WOS:000285855500026 ER PT J AU Burow, GB Klein, RR Franks, CD Klein, PE Schertz, KF Pederson, GA Xin, Z Burke, JJ AF Burow, G. B. Klein, R. R. Franks, C. D. Klein, P. E. Schertz, K. F. Pederson, G. A. Xin, Z. Burke, J. J. TI Registration of the BTx623/IS3620C Recombinant Inbred Mapping Population of Sorghum SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID BICOLOR L. MOENCH; RFLP LINKAGE MAP; SSR MARKERS; GENOME; ARCHITECTURE; QTLS AB The BTx623/IS3620C sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.] mapping population (Reg. No. MP-1, NSL 469802 MAP) is a set of 430 F(7) and F(9) recombinant inbred lines (RILs) (F(7) lines: PI 658758 through PI 659060; F(9) lines: PI 659144 through PI 659271) from a cross between the inbred lines BTx623 (PI 659985 MAP) and IS3620C (PI 659986 MAP). This sorghum mapping population was released jointly by the Plant Stress and the Germplasm Development Unit, Cropping Systems Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Lubbock, TX and the Crop Germplasm Research Unit, USDA-ARS, College Station, TX in 2009. The original 137 RILs of this mapping population served as the basis for the construction of landmark high-density genetic and physical maps, with the integrated genome map subsequently used to aid in assembly of the sorghum genome sequence. This population has been genotyped by a number of investigators with a total of 3348 markers-including amplified fragment length polymorphisms, DArT (Diversity Arrays Technology, Yarralumla, Australia), restriction fragment length polymorphisms, simple sequence repeats, and insertion-deletions-mapped to ten linkage groups corresponding to the ten sorghum chromosomes. The population has been utilized to map quantitative trait loci that underlie various agronomic traits, including tillering, floral architecture, plant height, flowering date, grain size, and abiotic stress tolerance. The registration of this recombinant inbred mapping population will allow public access to the genomic and germplasm resources that can facilitate mapping and gene discovery for complex traits in sorghum and related cereal species. C1 [Burow, G. B.; Franks, C. D.; Xin, Z.; Burke, J. J.] USDA ARS, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Unit, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Klein, R. R.; Schertz, K. F.] USDA ARS, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Klein, P. E.] Texas A&M Univ, Dep Hort, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Klein, P. E.] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Plant Genom & Biotechnol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Pederson, G. A.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resource & Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Burke, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Unit, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM john.burke@ars.usda.gov OI Xin, Zhanguo/0000-0003-1471-7785 NR 19 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 11 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 141 EP 145 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.04.0219crmp PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 701WI UT WOS:000285855500027 ER PT J AU Delgado, JA Follett, RF AF Delgado, Jorge A. Follett, Ronald F. TI Advances in Nitrogen Management for Water Quality SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; HYPOXIA; RIVER; KEY C1 [Delgado, Jorge A.; Follett, Ronald F.] ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA. RP Delgado, JA (reprint author), ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 66 IS 1 BP 25A EP 26A DI 10.2489/jswc.66.1.25A PG 2 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 703ZM UT WOS:000286020500005 ER PT J AU Caldwell, JD Coffey, KP Coblentz, WK Jennings, JA Hubbell, DS Kreider, DL Looper, ML Galloway, DL Kegley, EB Rosenkrans, CF AF Caldwell, James D. Coffey, Kenneth P. Coblentz, Wayne K. Jennings, John A. Hubbell, Donald S., III Kreider, David L. Looper, Michael L. Galloway, Douglas L. Kegley, Elizabeth B. Rosenkrans, Charles F., Jr. TI Weaning and post-weaning performance by fall-born beef calves weaned on different dates in the spring from Neotyphodium coenophialum-infected tall fescue pastures SO LIVESTOCK SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Calves; Fescue; Weaning ID IMMUNE CELL RESPONSE; CALF PERFORMANCE; SEAWEED EXTRACT; STEERS; COWS; ERGOVALINE; FORAGE; CONSUMPTION; HEIFERS AB Fall-born calves grazing Neotyphodium coenophialum-infected tall fescue [E+; Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh.] pastures should benefit from early weaning because of reduced exposure to fungal toxins. However, fall-born calves that grazed E+ and were weaned in mid-April had reduced post-weaning performance compared with calves managed similarly but weaned in early June. Gelbvieh x Angus calves (n=238) were used in a 3-year study to determine the optimal time to wean fall-born calves grazing E+. Cow/calf pairs were allocated randomly to one of four weaning date treatments: 1) March 16 (177 +/- 4.7 days of age; MarW), 2) April 13 (204 +/- 4.7 days of age; AprW), 3) May 11 (236 +/- 4.7 days of age; MayW), and 4) June 8 (264 +/- 4.8 days of age; JuneW). On their assigned weaning date, calves were weighed, vaccinated, blood samples were collected, and calves were moved to 3.2-ha pastures adjacent to their dams for 14 days. After the weaning period, calves were weighed, blood samples were collected, and then calves were moved to pastures containing non-toxic forages. Birth weight and calf weights on MarW. AprW, and MayW weaning dates did not differ (P >= 0.21) across weaning date treatments. However, calf weaning weights on their respective weaning dates, weight on JuneW and on June 22 (14 days following the JuneW), daily gain between birth and June 22, and weight change between MarW and JuneW increased linearly (P<0.05) across weaning dates. Linear decreases (P<0.05) across weaning dates were noted for antibody titers to bovine virus diarrhea (BVD) and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), serum Cu, and platelets at the time of actual weaning. Linear increases (P<0.05) across weaning dates were noted for: i) total antioxidant potential and eosinophils at weaning; ii) changes in antibody titers to BVD and IBR, total antioxidant potential, and serum Zn during the 14-day post-weaning period; and iii) and changes in BVD and BRSV titers and serum Cu between actual weaning date and June 22. Heifer weight at breeding increased (P<0.05) and steer weight at shipping, hot carcass weight and backfat thickness tended (P <= 0.10) to increase linearly across weaning dates. Final feedlot weight and gain did not differ (P >= 0.18) among weaning dates. Therefore, delaying weaning of fall-born calves grazing E+ pastures until early June may be beneficial for calf weight and immune function at weaning, and heifer weight at breeding, but those benefits in steers may be mitigated through the feedlot period. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Caldwell, James D.; Coffey, Kenneth P.; Hubbell, Donald S., III; Kreider, David L.; Galloway, Douglas L.; Kegley, Elizabeth B.; Rosenkrans, Charles F., Jr.] Univ Arkansas, Div Agr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Coblentz, Wayne K.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Jennings, John A.] Univ Arkansas, Cooperat Extens Serv, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA. [Looper, Michael L.] ARS, USDA, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. RP Coffey, KP (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Div Agr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM kcoffey@uark.edu NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-1413 J9 LIVEST SCI JI Livest. Sci. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 135 IS 1 BP 44 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.livsci.2010.06.004 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 710TB UT WOS:000286538800007 ER PT J AU Ota, Y Kim, MS Neda, H Klopfenstein, NB Hasegawa, E AF Ota, Yuko Kim, Mee-Sook Neda, Hitoshi Klopfenstein, Ned B. Hasegawa, Eri TI The phylogenetic position of an Armillaria species from Amami-Oshima, a subtropical island of Japan, based on elongation factor and ITS sequences SO MYCOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Armillaria fuscipes; Armillaria novae-zelandiae ID IDENTIFICATION; LIKELIHOOD; ACCURATE AB An undetermined Armillaria species was collected on Amami-Oshima, a subtropical island of Japan. The phylogenetic position of the Armillaria sp. was determined using sequences of the elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1 alpha) gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) of ribosomal DNA (rDNA). The phylogenetic analyses based on EF-1 alpha and ITS sequences showed that this species differs from known Japanese taxa of Armillaria. The sequences of this species and A. novae-zelandiae from Southeast Asia were contained in a strongly supported clade, which was adjacent to a well-supported sister clade containing A. novae-zelandiae from Australia and New Zealand. C1 [Ota, Yuko; Neda, Hitoshi] Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058687, Japan. [Kim, Mee-Sook] Kookmin Univ, Dept Forestry Environm & Syst, Seoul 136702, South Korea. [Klopfenstein, Ned B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, RMRS, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Hasegawa, Eri] Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Kansai Res Ctr, Kyoto 6120855, Japan. RP Ota, Y (reprint author), Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Matsunosato 1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058687, Japan. EM yuota@ffpri.affrc.go.jp FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan FX We thank the curator of the Kew Herbarium for lending type specimens of A. fuscipes and A. novae-zelandiae. We are grateful to Dr. Eiji Nagasawa (Tottori Mycological Institute, Tottori, Japan) who provided the isolates. Thanks are also due to Dr. Norio Sahashi, Dr. Tsutomu Hattori, Dr. Taisei Kikuchi, Dr. Amy Ross-Davis, and Mr. John W. Hanna for their helpful suggestions on an earlier version of this manuscript and to Ms. EtsukoTsutsumi and Ms. Kazuko Komaru for their technical assistance. This work was supported by the Program for Supporting Activities for Female Researchers funded by the Special Coordination Fund for Promoting Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER TOKYO PI TOKYO PA 1-11-11 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0073, JAPAN SN 1340-3540 J9 MYCOSCIENCE JI Mycoscience PD JAN PY 2011 VL 52 IS 1 BP 53 EP 58 DI 10.1007/s10267-010-0066-3 PG 6 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 705FM UT WOS:000286114300007 ER PT J AU Matuana, LM Jin, S Stark, NM AF Matuana, Laurent M. Jin, Shan Stark, Nicole M. TI Ultraviolet weathering of HDPE/wood-flour composites coextruded with a clear HDPE cap layer SO POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY LA English DT Article DE Wood-plastic composites (WPCs); Ultraviolet radiation; Weathering; Discoloration mechanism; Coextrusion; FTIR and XPS ID DENSITY-POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITES; WOOD-PLASTIC COMPOSITES; FTIR SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; PHOTO-DISCOLORATION; COLOR; PHOTODEGRADATION; POLYPROPYLENE; DURABILITY; COATINGS AB This study examined the effect coextruding a clear HDPE cap layer onto HDPE/wood-flour composites has on the discoloration of coextruded composites exposed to accelerated UV tests. Chroma meter, FTIR-ATR, XPS, SEM, and UV vis measurements accounted for the analysis of discoloration, functional groups, and degree of oxidation of both uncapped (control) and coextruded composites before and after UV exposures. Two separate discoloration characteristics occurred in the discoloration of composites. For uncapped WPCs (control), chemical changes due to photooxidation resulted in darkening followed by physical changes, including loss of colored wood components from the surface, as well as increased roughness on the surface, which led to lightening of WPCs. By contrast, because a hydrophobic cap layer prevented the loss of colored components from the surface, coextruding a clear hydrophobic HDPE cap layer over WPCs significantly decreased the discoloration during the weathering process. Photooxidation of wood components at the interface accounted for the discoloration of coextruded WPCs before the failure of cap layer. Moreover, as the cap layer absorbed a specified amount of UV light and reduced oxygen available to interface, it decreased the photooxidation rate at the interface compared to that at the WPCs surface. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Matuana, Laurent M.] Michigan State Univ, Sch Packaging, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Jin, Shan] Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Stark, Nicole M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Matuana, LM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Sch Packaging, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM matuana@msu.edu FU USDA-CSREES [2008-34158-19510] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the USDA-CSREES Grant-Advanced Technology Applications to Eastern Hardwood Utilization (Grant No. 2008-34158-19510) for the financial support for this research work. NR 54 TC 38 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-3910 J9 POLYM DEGRAD STABIL JI Polym. Degrad. Stabil. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 96 IS 1 BP 97 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.10.003 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 710UD UT WOS:000286541600012 ER PT J AU Janzen, HH Fixen, PE Franzluebbers, AJ Hattey, J Izaurralde, RC Ketterings, QM Lobb, DA Schlesinger, WH AF Janzen, H. H. Fixen, P. E. Franzluebbers, A. J. Hattey, J. Izaurralde, R. C. Ketterings, Q. M. Lobb, D. A. Schlesinger, W. H. TI Global Prospects Rooted in Soil Science SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID USE EFFICIENCY; WATER-USE; ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION; CURRENT KNOWLEDGE; CROP PRODUCTION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FOOD SECURITY; BIODIVERSITY; LAND; PRODUCTIVITY AB The biosphere, our fragile and exquisite home, is changing abruptly and irrevocably, largely from human interference. Most or all of the coming stresses have links to the land, so finding hopeful outcomes depend on wide and deep understanding of soils. In this review, we pose eight urgent issues confronting humanity in coming decades: demands for food, water, nutrients, and energy; and challenges of climate change, biodiversity, "waste" reuse, and global equity. We then suggest some steps soil scientists might take to address these questions: a refocusing of research, a broadening of vision, a renewed enticement of emerging scientists, and more lucid telling of past successes and future prospects. The questions posed and responses posited are incomplete and not yet fully refined. But the conversations they elicit may help direct soil science toward greater relevance in preserving our fragile home on this changing planet. C1 [Janzen, H. H.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Lethbridge Res Ctr, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada. [Fixen, P. E.] Int Plant Nutr Inst, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Franzluebbers, A. J.] USDA ARS, Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. [Hattey, J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Plant & Soil Sci Dep, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Izaurralde, R. C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Izaurralde, R. C.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Ketterings, Q. M.] Cornell Univ, Dep Anim Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lobb, D. A.] Univ Manitoba, Dep Soil Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Schlesinger, W. H.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. RP Janzen, HH (reprint author), Agr & Agri Food Canada, Lethbridge Res Ctr, 5403 1st Ave S, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada. EM henry.janzen@agr.gc.ca RI Izaurralde, Roberto/E-5826-2012; Hattey, Jeffory/E-8049-2012; OI Fixen, Paul/0000-0001-9555-6754 NR 92 TC 27 Z9 33 U1 5 U2 39 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 75 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.2136/sssaj2009.0216 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 698VG UT WOS:000285620700002 ER PT J AU Yates, SR Ashworth, DJ Yates, MD Luo, LF AF Yates, S. R. Ashworth, D. J. Yates, M. D. Luo, Lifang TI Active Solarization as a Nonchemical Alternative to Soil Fumigation for Controlling Pests SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID METHYL-BROMIDE; STRAWBERRY PRODUCTION; THERMAL DEATH; TEMPERATURES; FUSARIUM; CHALLENGE; DISEASES; STEAM; FILMS; TIME AB Deterioration of soil, water, and air resources by soil fumigants represents a serious threat to agricultural production in semiarid regions due to their high volatility and high emission rates. New pest control methods are needed that do not rely on fumigant chemicals. Soil heating via solarization has been proposed as a nonchemical alternative to soil fumigation but has not found wide acceptance due to limitations in soil temperatures and heating depth, especially in cooler environments. We have developed a new soil heating method, termed active solarization, to increase the soil temperature and heating depth in the root zone. An experiment was conducted to compare heating for bare soil, standard (i.e., passive) solarization, and active solarization methodologies. A cumulative heat stress index, CHT(30), was computed and has been shown to be related to plant-pest survival. Aft er 15 d of heating, passive solarization increased at the 10- and 20-cm depths by 263 and 65 degrees C h, respectively, compared with leaving the soil bare. For active solarization, CHT(30) increased by 387 and 105 degrees C h, respectively, compared with bare soil. Aft er 30 d of passive solarization, CHT(30) at 10 and 20 cm was 345 and 66 degrees C h, respectively, and for active solarization CHT(30) was 755 and 252 degrees C h. The results indicate that active solarization increases soil temperatures and heat stress on plant pests. Based on published pest survival information, observed CHT(30) aft er active solarization would provide better control of a plant pest (nematode) than passive solarization. Active solarization may off er a suitable nonchemical alternative to soil fumigation. C1 [Yates, S. R.; Ashworth, D. J.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Yates, M. D.] Penn State Univ, Dep Civil & Environ Eng, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Luo, Lifang] Univ Calif Riverside, Dep Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Yates, SR (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM scott.yates@ars.usda.gov RI Ashworth, Daniel/A-9701-2008; OI Yates, Matthew/0000-0003-4373-3864 FU USDA-ARS [5310-12130-008-00D] FX The research was funded by USDA-ARS Project 5310-12130-00800D. We gratefully acknowledge Qiaoping Zhang and Dr. Fred Ernst for assistance setting up the field site and conducting the experiments. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 75 IS 1 BP 9 EP 16 DI 10.2136/sssaj2009.0379 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 698VG UT WOS:000285620700003 ER PT J AU Omonode, RA Smith, DR Gal, A Vyn, TJ AF Omonode, Rex A. Smith, Doug R. Gal, Anita Vyn, Tony J. TI Soil Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Corn following Three Decades of Tillage and Rotation Treatments SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM TILLAGE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; NO-TILL; SOYBEAN ROTATIONS; GREENHOUSE GASES; CROPPING SYSTEMS; N2O EMISSIONS; CENTRAL OHIO; MANAGEMENT; METHANE AB Few experiments have directly compared the long-term effects of moldboard, chisel, and no-till tillage practices on N(2)O emissions from the predominant crop rotation systems in the midwestern United States. This study was conducted from 2004 to 2006 on a tillage and rotation experiment initiated in 1975 on a Chalmers silty clay loam (a Typic Endoaquoll) in west-central Indiana. Our objectives were to assess (i) long-term tillage (chisel [CP], moldboard plow [MP], and no-till [NT]), rotation (continuous corn [Zea mays L.] and corn-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]), and rotation x tillage interaction effects on soil N(2)O emission, and (ii) how soil N(2)O emission is related to environmental factors during corn production under identical N fertilizer management. Seasonal N(2)O emissions were measured at intervals ranging from a few days to biweekly for up to 14 sampling dates in each growing season for corn. Nitrous oxide emissions during the growing season were significantly affected by tillage and rotation but not their interaction; however, 50% of total emissions occurred shortly aft er N application regardless of tillage or rotation practices. Seasonal cumulative emissions were significantly lower under NT but not statistically different for CP and MP. Overall, emissions under NT were about 40% lower relative to MP and 57% lower relative to CP. Rotation corn lowered N(2)O emissions by 20% relative to continuous corn. Higher N(2)O emission under MP and CP appeared to be driven by soil organic C decomposition associated with higher levels of soil-residue mixing and higher soil temperatures. C1 [Omonode, Rex A.; Vyn, Tony J.] Purdue Univ, Agron Dep, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Smith, Doug R.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Gal, Anita] Szent Istvan Univ, Dep Soil Sci & Agrochem, H-2103 Godollo, Hungary. RP Vyn, TJ (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Agron Dep, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM tvyn@purdue.edu FU USDA; Purdue University [S03060]; Hungarian State Eotvos Fellowship FX We thank Terry D. West for his meticulous management of these long-term plots from 1979 to the present. The research was primarily financed by a USDA grant to the Consortium for Agricultural Soil Mitigation of Greenhouse Gases (CASMGS) project coordinated via Kansas State University (principal investigator Dr. C. Rice); the Purdue University sub-project (Award S03060) was led by principal investigator Dr. R. Turco. Additional personnel funding was provided by the Hungarian State Eotvos Fellowship. NR 50 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 4 U2 45 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 75 IS 1 BP 152 EP 163 DI 10.2136/sssaj2009.0147 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 698VG UT WOS:000285620700018 ER PT J AU Kabrick, JM Goyne, KW Fan, ZF Meinert, D AF Kabrick, John M. Goyne, Keith W. Fan, Zhaofei Meinert, Dennis TI Landscape Determinants of Exchangeable Calcium and Magnesium in Ozark Highland Forest Soils SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; SUGAR MAPLE; EDAPHIC FACTORS; CARBON; CLASSIFICATION; NUTRITION; CHEMISTRY; DEPLETION; ECOSYSTEM; NUTRIENT AB Exchangeable base cations, particularly Ca and Mg, largely govern soil acidity and, consequently, plant species composition in temperate forests. Although studies have identified soil and terrain characteristics affecting exchangeable Ca and Mg, few studies have identified the relative importance of factors affecting Ca and Mg distribution across landscapes. Objectives of this study were to: (i) identify the relative importance of geomorphic and soil properties for exchangeable Ca and Mg concentrations and quantities, and (ii) examine relationships between these properties and tree species abundance. A classification and regression tree (CART) analysis was applied to 74 pedons sampled across a 3800-ha forested research area in the Ozark Highlands in southeastern Missouri. This analysis identified depth to bedrock and the bedrock lithology as important factors associated with exchangeable Ca and Mg concentrations, which ranged from 0.30 to 2.88 and 0.24 to 1.35 g kg(-1), respectively. The CART analysis also indicated that the underlying bedrock was associated with exchangeable base cation quantity, and values ranged from 4263 to 20,144 kg ha(-1) for Ca and 1650 to 9977 kg ha(-1) for Mg. Analysis of variance indicated that the most common oak (Quercus L.) and hickory (Carya Nutt.) species were significantly more abundant on soils with lower Ca concentrations. The analysis framework applied in this study provides a basis for distinguishing among soils and ecological land types by pools of exchangeable Ca and Mg, thereby aiding in the identification of locales where base cation depletion may be of concern. C1 [Kabrick, John M.] Univ Missouri, USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Goyne, Keith W.] Univ Missouri, Dep Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Fan, Zhaofei] Mississippi State Univ, Dep Forestry, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Meinert, Dennis] Missouri Dep Nat Resources, Jefferson City, MO 65102 USA. RP Kabrick, JM (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 202 Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM jkabrick@fs.fed.us FU Missouri Department of Conservation; USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station; Missouri Department of Natural Resources; USDA-NRCS; University of Missouri FX We thank Randy Jensen and others at the Ellington Office of the Missouri Department of Conservation for helping with data collection, and R. David Hammer for his persistent and tireless efforts to convey the importance of gathering soil-landscape information for ecosystem studies. We also thank Kyle Steele of the Missouri Department of Conservation for assistance identifying ecological land types. Support for this project was provided by the Missouri Department of Conservation, the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, the Missouri Department of Natural Resources, the USDA-NRCS, and the University of Missouri. NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 12 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 75 IS 1 BP 164 EP 180 DI 10.2136/sssaj2009.0382 PG 17 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 698VG UT WOS:000285620700019 ER PT J AU Hernandez-Ramirez, G Sauer, TJ Cambardella, CA Brandle, JR James, DE AF Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo Sauer, Thomas J. Cambardella, Cynthia A. Brandle, James R. James, David E. TI Carbon Sources and Dynamics in Afforested and Cultivated Corn Belt Soils SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-MATTER FRACTIONS; NO-TILL; NITROGEN DYNAMICS; VEGETATION CHANGE; FORESTED SOILS; SIZE FRACTIONS; SEQUESTRATION; MANAGEMENT; TURNOVER; SYSTEMS AB Afforestation of degraded cropland can sequester atmospheric C; however, source partitioning and turnover of soil organic C (SOC) in such ecosystems are not well documented. This study assessed SOC dynamics in two 35-yr-old, coniferous afforestation sites (i.e., a forest plantation situated in northwestern Iowa on a silty clay loam soil and a shelterbelt situated in eastern Nebraska on a silt loam soil) and the adjacent agricultural fields. Soil samples were collected at both sites to determine SOC and total N concentrations and stable C isotope ratios (delta(13)C, natural abundance) in both whole soil and the fine particulate organic matter (POM) fraction (53-500 mu m size). In these fine-textured soils, afforestation of cropland performed through either shelterbelt or forest plantation caused substantial increases in surface SOC storage compared with conventionally tilled cropping systems (>= 57%; P < 0.05); this confirms the direct benefits of tree planting on SOC sequestration. Relative to cropped soils, afforested soils exhibited a more depleted delta(13)C signature (-17 vs. -22%), indicating a shift in C sources. Source-partitioning assessment revealed that tree-derived C contributed roughly half of the SOC found directly beneath the trees. The C-enriched afforested surface soils exhibited SOC turnover rates of 0.018 to 0.022 yr(-1) and mean residence times of 55 to 45 yr. Fine POM in afforested surface soils accounted for a large proportion (21%) of the existing SOC, 79% being derived from tree inputs. This supports the role of POM as a significant sink for recently sequestered SOC in these ecosystems. C1 [Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res, Canterbury Agr & Sci Ctr, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Sauer, Thomas J.; Cambardella, Cynthia A.; James, David E.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Brandle, James R.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Hernandez-Ramirez, G (reprint author), New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res, Canterbury Agr & Sci Ctr, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand. EM Guillermo.Hernandez@plantandfood.co.nz RI Hernandez Ramirez, Guillermo/I-5429-2013 OI Hernandez Ramirez, Guillermo/0000-0001-8225-5813 FU Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture-Iowa State University FX We thank Kevin Jensen, Jody Ohmacht, David DenHaan, Beth Douglass, Diane Farris, Amy Morrow, Forest Goodman, Alan D. Wanamaker, Jr., and Paul Doi for their valuable technical assistance. Sincere thanks to the Sac County Conservation Board for permission to collect samples for this study at Reiff Park, and to Iowa DNR-Black Hawk for permission to collect samples at Unit Kiowa Wildlife Area. We acknowledge financial support by the Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture-Iowa State University. NR 67 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 5 U2 31 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 75 IS 1 BP 216 EP 225 DI 10.2136/sssaj2010.0114 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 698VG UT WOS:000285620700023 ER PT J AU Clancy, K Alba, VM AF Clancy, Katherine Alba, Veronica M. TI Temperature and Time of Day Influence on Double-Ring Infiltrometer Steady-State Infiltration Rates SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL VARIABILITY; HYDRAULIC-PROPERTIES; PONDED INFILTRATION; MEASUREMENT SCALE; SOIL; DEPENDENCE; WATER; FLOW AB Steady-state infiltration rates (IRs) correlate well with temperature. They have been observed, however, to have values 1.5 to 2.5 times higher than predicted by viscosity, known as the t-effect. Many field studies that have observed the t-effect used continuous IR measurement systems. We measured 67 IRs using double-ring infiltrometers (DRIs) during the 2007 and 2008 autumn seasons in sand and loamy sand soils across a temperature range of 5 to 35 degrees C. We found above-average to good correlation between temperature and IR. For loamy sand (n = 17), IR rate differences were accounted for by viscosity differences, but for sand (n = 30) the IR values were 2.0 to 2.9 times higher than the viscosity-predicted rate. Additionally, we found a difference in the IR temperature regressions based on the time of day of the measurements in the sand. Morning measurements were two times the viscosity-predicted IR, while afternoon measurements were nearly three times. This research corroborates other field studies that observed the t-effect using DRIs. C1 [Clancy, Katherine] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. [Alba, Veronica M.] USDA NRCS, Union Grove Serv Ctr, Union Grove, WI 53182 USA. RP Clancy, K (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, 800 Reserve St, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. EM kclancy@uwsp.edu FU University of Wisconsin FX This research was supported by a University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point undergraduate research grant. We would like to acknowledge the following students for their help in data collection: Amy Timm, Kaylea Foster, Meagan Running, Christine Koeller, and Andrew Karleigh. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 75 IS 1 BP 241 EP 245 DI 10.2136/sssaj2009.0355N PG 5 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 698VG UT WOS:000285620700026 ER PT J AU Schmidt, JP Sripada, RP Beegle, DB Rotz, CA Hong, N AF Schmidt, John P. Sripada, Ravi P. Beegle, Doug B. Rotz, C. Alan Hong, Nan TI Within-Field Variability in Optimum Nitrogen Rate for Corn Linked to Soil Moisture Availability SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID APPARENT ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; YIELD; FERTILIZER; RECOMMENDATIONS; LANDSCAPE; SENSOR; SCALE AB Understanding the interaction between yield response to N and other growth-limiting factors is essential to improving spatially dependent N fertilizer applications. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of soil moisture variability on the economically optimum N rate (EONR) for corn (Zea mays L.). Corn grain yield response to N was determined at each of 10 locations along a hillslope in central Pennsylvania (2005-2007). Volumetric soil water content (theta(p), 0-90-cm depth) was also determined at each location approximately weekly between mid-June and August. The mean EONR (n = 10) was 117, 140, and 169 kg N ha(-1) in 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively, while the range in EONR among locations each year was 147, 69, and 146 kg N ha(-1), respectively. The mean theta(p) (n = 10) was between 15 and 25 cm in 2005, 23 to 37 cm in 2006, and 21 to 27 cm in 2007. While there was greater temporal change in the mean theta(p) in 2006, the smaller variability among locations during the drier growing seasons of 2005 and 2007 was more relevant to differences in EONR. The EONR in 2005 and 2007 was strongly related (r(2) = 0.74 and 0.71, respectively) to the change in theta(p) at each location as determined during a defining drying and wetting cycle in June and July. During the relatively wetter 2006 growing season, the EONR was not related to changes in theta(p). Greater water availability during drier growing seasons increased the EONR. C1 [Schmidt, John P.; Rotz, C. Alan] USDA ARS, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Sripada, Ravi P.; Hong, Nan] Monsanto Co, Technol Dev, St Louis, MO 63167 USA. [Beegle, Doug B.] Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Schmidt, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Bldg 3702,Curtin Rd, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM john.schmidt@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 15 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 75 IS 1 BP 306 EP 316 DI 10.2136/sssaj2010.0184 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 698VG UT WOS:000285620700032 ER PT J AU Rocha, D Eamon, CD Murphy, JF AF Rocha, Daniel Eamon, Christopher D. Murphy, Joseph F. TI Reliability analysis of roof sheathing panels exposed to a hurricane wind SO STRUCTURAL SAFETY LA English DT Article DE Reliability; Wind; Wood; Roof ID LIGHT-FRAME ROOFS; FRAGILITY ASSESSMENT; REGIONS; LOADS; BUILDINGS; DESIGN AB Light-frame wood roofs are frequently used in the US for residential and commercial construction. High wind events, such as hurricanes, may cause severe damage to these structures by breaking the roof envelope and allowing penetration of wind-driven rain. Most previous wood panel reliability studies have used static, uniform wind pressure load models and code-specified load distribution rules for analysis. This study re-estimates the reliability of roof sheathing panels exposed to a specific hurricane event using actual wind pressure data and a more refined structural analysis model. The objective is to examine the adequacy of the simplified wind load and structural analysis models used for roof panel reliability analysis. In the procedure here, panel failure behavior is modeled by individual fastener extraction from the panel as dynamic wind pressure is increased. For reliability analysis, the limit state is based on panel pull-off. The results show that the use of a refined model provides some significant differences in panel reliability found from simplified techniques. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Eamon, Christopher D.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Rocha, Daniel] Continental Concrete Struct, Atlanta, GA 30009 USA. [Murphy, Joseph F.] Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Eamon, CD (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. EM eamon@eng.wayne.edu NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4730 EI 1879-3355 J9 STRUCT SAF JI Struct. Saf. PY 2011 VL 33 IS 1 BP 74 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.strusafe.2010.08.003 PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 704XT UT WOS:000286089600008 ER PT J AU Thinglum, KA Riggins, CW Davis, AS Bradley, KW Al-Khatib, K Tranel, PJ AF Thinglum, Kate A. Riggins, Chance W. Davis, Adam S. Bradley, Kevin W. Al-Khatib, Kassim Tranel, Patrick J. TI Wide Distribution of the Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) Delta G210 PPX2 Mutation, which Confers Resistance to PPO-Inhibiting Herbicides SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Gene flow; herbicide resistance; population genetics; mutation; evolution ID NEIGHBOR-JOINING METHOD; COMMON WATERHEMP; RUDIS; BIOTYPE AB Resistance in waterhemp to herbicides that inhibit protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) previously was shown to result from the deletion of a glycine codon at position 210 (Delta G210) in the PPO-encoding gene, PPX2. Research was conducted to determine if this same mechanism accounted for resistance in geographically separated populations from Illinois, Kansas, and Missouri and, if so, to determine if the mutation conferring resistance was independently selected. A dose response study with lactofen indicated that the resistant populations had different levels of resistance. These differences, however, could be accounted for by different frequencies of resistant individuals within populations and, therefore, the dose response data were consistent with the hypothesis that the populations contained the same resistance mechanism. Direct evidence in support of this hypothesis was provided by DNA sequencing, which showed that nearly all resistant plants evaluated contained the Delta G210 mutation. A variable region of the PPX2 gene was sequenced and resulting sequences were aligned and organized into a phylogenetic tree. The phylogenetic tree did not reveal clear clustering by either geography or phenotype (resistant vs. sensitive). Possibly recombination within the PPX2 gene has masked its evolutionary history. C1 [Thinglum, Kate A.; Riggins, Chance W.; Tranel, Patrick J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Davis, Adam S.] USDA ARS, Invas Weed Management Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bradley, Kevin W.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Al-Khatib, Kassim] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66505 USA. RP Tranel, PJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM tranel@illinois.edu FU Illinois Soybean Association; Soybean Checkoff, Monsanto Company; U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture [ILLU-802-313] FX This material is based on work supported by the Illinois Soybean Association and Soybean Checkoff, Monsanto Company, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project ILLU-802-313. NR 25 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 12 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-MAR PY 2011 VL 59 IS 1 BP 22 EP 27 DI 10.1614/WS-D-10-00085.1 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 713EB UT WOS:000286716700004 ER PT J AU Alcorta, M Fidelibus, MW Steenwerth, KL Shrestha, A AF Alcorta, Marisa Fidelibus, Matthew W. Steenwerth, Kerri L. Shrestha, Anil TI Effect of Vineyard Row Orientation on Growth and Phenology of Glyphosate-Resistant and Glyphosate-Susceptible Horseweed (Conyza canadensis) SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Shade; integrated weed management; perennial cropping systems; light quality; light quantity ID NIGHTSHADE SOLANUM-NIGRUM; PTYCANTHUM GROWTH; WEED-CONTROL; LIGHT; CALIFORNIA; QUALITY; SYSTEMS; VALLEY; CORN AB Horseweed has become increasingly common and difficult to control in San Joaquin Valley vineyards, due in part, to the evolution of glyphosate resistance. The development of weed-suppressive vineyard designs in which the trellis design, spacing, and row orientation combine to cast dense shade on the weed canopy zone (WCZ) may reduce weed growth. The relevance of such a system to horseweed, which can grow to be as tall, or taller, than a typical grapevine trellis, is uncertain. Also unknown is whether a glyphosate-resistant (GR) biotype and glyphosate-susceptible (GS) biotype would perform similarly under such conditions. Therefore, we compared the growth and development of two potted horseweed biotypes (GR and GS) in vinerows oriented east west (EW) and north south (NS). Rows oriented EW allowed less light penetration to the WCZ than NS rows throughout the study, and horseweed biotypes responded to low light levels by producing leaves with larger specific leaf area and leaf area ratios than those in the NS rows. Also, the leaf, stem, and root dry weight of the horseweed plants in the EW rows was reduced by 30% compared to the horseweed plants in NS rows. Leaf number was also reduced in the horseweed plants in the EW rows, but only for the GS biotype. Row orientation did not affect phenological development or the number of seeds produced by the GR or GS biotypes, but the GR biotype budded, flowered, and set seed approximately 1 wk earlier than the GS biotype. Thus, shade associated with the EW vinerows reduced horseweed growth, but not fecundity, and the GR biotype reached reproductive maturity earlier than the GS biotype. C1 [Shrestha, Anil] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Plant Sci, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Steenwerth, Kerri L.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Crop Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Dept Viticulture & Enol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Shrestha, A (reprint author), Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Plant Sci, 2415 E San Ramon Ave,MS A-S 72, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. EM ashrestha@csufresno.edu FU University of California FX The authors thank Jorge Osorio Aguilar, Kimberly Cathline, Mickael Olivon, Socorro and Lydia Cisneros, Thomas Wang, Melissa Chavez, Sean and David Tomajan, Ivan Ramirez, Brad Hanson, Marcel Rejmanek, Tim Kuhn, and Meghan Gilbart for their assistance in the project. The research was supported by a grant from the University of California Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 11 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-MAR PY 2011 VL 59 IS 1 BP 55 EP 60 DI 10.1614/WS-D-10-00097.1 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 713EB UT WOS:000286716700009 ER PT J AU Gaither, CJ Poudyal, NC Goodrick, S Bowker, JM Malone, S Gan, JB AF Gaither, Cassandra Johnson Poudyal, Neelam C. Goodrick, Scott Bowker, J. M. Malone, Sparkle Gan, Jianbang TI Wildland fire risk and social vulnerability in the Southeastern United States: An exploratory spatial data analysis approach SO FOREST POLICY AND ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Social vulnerability; Wildland fire; Environmental risk; Wildland fire mitigation ID URBAN INTERFACE; WILDFIRE; COMMUNITY; HAZARD AB The southeastern U.S. is one of the more wildland fire prone areas of the country and also contains some of the poorest or most socially vulnerable rural communities. Our project addresses wildland fire risk in this part of the U.S and its intersection with social vulnerability. We examine spatial association between high wildland fire prone areas which also rank high in social vulnerability ("hot spots") for Alabama, Arkansas, Florida. Georgia, Mississippi, and South Carolina. We also look at the proximity of hot spots to wildland fire mitigation programs. We hypothesize that hot spots are less likely than high wildland fire risk/low social vulnerability communities to engage with mitigation programs (e.g., Community Wildfire Protection Plans or Firewise Communities). To assess our hypothesis, we examined mean distances between: 1) hot spots and mitigation programs and 2) high wildland fire risk/low social vulnerability communities and mitigation programs. Overall, results show longer mean distances from hot spots to mitigation programs, compared to distances for high wildland fire risk/low social vulnerability communities. This finding provides support for our hypothesis and suggests that poorer communities in the southeast with high wildland fire risk may be at a greater disadvantage than more affluent, high fire risk communities in these states. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gaither, Cassandra Johnson; Goodrick, Scott; Bowker, J. M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Poudyal, Neelam C.] Univ Georgia, Daniel B Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Malone, Sparkle] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Gan, Jianbang] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Gaither, CJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM cjohnson09@fs.fed.us NR 48 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-9341 J9 FOREST POLICY ECON JI Forest Policy Econ. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 13 IS 1 BP 24 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.forpol.2010.07.009 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 708HZ UT WOS:000286354200003 ER PT J AU Zobiole, LHS Kremer, RJ Oliveira, RS Constantin, J AF Zobiole, Luiz H. S. Kremer, Robert J. Oliveira, Rubem S., Jr. Constantin, Jamil TI Glyphosate affects chlorophyll, nodulation and nutrient accumulation of "second generation" glyphosate-resistant soybean (Glycine max L.) SO PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Glyphosate; Glyphosate-resistant soybean; Chlorophyll; Nutrient uptake; Nodulation ID DELTA-AMINOLEVULINIC-ACID; AMINOMETHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID; PLANTS; INHIBITION; TRANSPORT; MANGANESE; NICKEL; IRON AB The recently developed "second generation" of Roundup Ready (R) soybean (RR2) cultivars commercially available for farmers in 2008 were promoted as higher yielding relative to the "first generation" RR cultivars (RR1). Previous studies showed that glyphosate reduced such yield components as photosynthesis, water absorption, nutrient uptake and symbiotic N(2) fixation in RR soybean cultivars; however, no data are available regarding the glyphosate effects on these physiological factors in RR2 soybean. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the nutrient accumulation and nodulation of both generations of RR soybeans at different rates of glyphosate applied at various growth stages. In general, increased glyphosate rates and late applications decreased the nutrient accumulation, nodulation, and shoot and root biomass in both RR1 and RR2. All macro- and micronutrients, with exception of N and K, accumulated more in RR1 than RR2. Although this result may be an individual cultivar characteristic, it suggests that the RR2 cultivar was also inefficient in nutrient uptake and translocation or was unable to rapidly recover from potential chelating effects of glyphosate. These studies suggest that applying glyphosate at early growth stages using the lowest glyphosate rate might have less damage on growth and productivity of RR soybeans. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zobiole, Luiz H. S.; Oliveira, Rubem S., Jr.; Constantin, Jamil] Univ Estadual Maringa, Dept Agron, Ctr Adv Studies Weed Res, BR-87020900 Maringa, Parana, Brazil. [Kremer, Robert J.] Univ Missouri, USDA, ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. RP Zobiole, LHS (reprint author), Univ Estadual Maringa, Dept Agron, Ctr Adv Studies Weed Res, 5790 Colombo Av, BR-87020900 Maringa, Parana, Brazil. EM lhzobiole@uol.com.br RI Oliveira Jr, Rubem/H-1680-2012 OI Oliveira Jr, Rubem/0000-0002-5222-8010 FU National Council for Scientific and Technology Development (CNPq-Brasilia, DF, Brazil) FX The authors thank the National Council for Scientific and Technology Development (CNPq-Brasilia, DF, Brazil) for the scholarship and financial support for this research. The authors also thank the USDA, Agricultural Research Service and University of Missouri for the greenhouse space and the numerous undergraduate and graduate students who provided excellent technical assistance. Trade names are used for clarity and do not represent endorsement by USDA-ARS, the University of Missouri, or the State University of Maringa. NR 46 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 29 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0048-3575 J9 PESTIC BIOCHEM PHYS JI Pest. Biochem. Physiol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 99 IS 1 BP 53 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.pestbp.2010.10.005 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA 709ZP UT WOS:000286480400008 ER PT J AU Ducey, MJ Williams, MS AF Ducey, Mark J. Williams, Michael S. TI Comparison of Hossfeld's Method and Two Modern Methods for Volume Estimation of Standing Trees SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE importance sampling; tree volume; taper function; dendrometry ID LOG VOLUME; CENTROID METHOD; SAMPLE TREES; FORMULAS; BOLE; GRAVITY AB Two modern methods, centroid sampling and the paracone model, have been shown to be accurate approaches for obtaining the volumes of trees and logs when taper functions are unavailable or local volume estimates are desired. We show that the equation for whole-tree volume using Hossfeld's method, an older method that has all but disappeared from the North American literature, is nearly identical to that for centroid sampling and the paracone model. Hossfeld's method may be slightly simpler to implement in the field, and like the modern methods, it can be used either for whole trees or for unmerchantable tops. In comparison with detailed measurements taken on 186 ponderosa pine trees from the Black Hills of South Dakota, the paracone model was most accurate for whole trees, but Hossfeld's method was slightly more accurate than centroid sampling. Hossfeld's method was substantially more accurate than either modern method for estimating the volume in tops. C1 [Ducey, Mark J.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Williams, Michael S.] Food Safety Inspect Serv, Risk Assessment Div, Off Publ Hlth Sci, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Ducey, MJ (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, 114 James Hall, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM mjducey@cisunix.unh.edu RI Ducey, Mark/K-1101-2016 FU New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station FX Mark J. Ducey (mjducey@cisunix.unh.edu), Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, 114 James Hall, Durham, NH 03824. Michael S. Williams, Risk Assessment Division, Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety Inspection Service, US Department of Agriculture, 2150 Centre Ave., Bldg D, Ft. Collins, CO 80526 Mark J. Ducey gratefully acknowledges the support of the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station. Dr. Hans Pretzsch provided some early background on Johann Hossfeld The associate editor and two anonymous reviewers provided comments that helped us to strengthen the manuscript. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0885-6095 J9 WEST J APPL FOR JI West. J. Appl. For. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 26 IS 1 BP 19 EP 23 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 709CH UT WOS:000286412400003 ER PT J AU Huang, CH Sorensen, C AF Huang, Ching-Hsun Sorensen, Christopher TI The Economic Value of Selling Carbon Credits from Restored Forests: A Case Study from the Navajo Nation's Tribal Forests SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE Native American tribal forests; carbon accounting method; net present worth analysis; forest project's reversal risk rating; ecological restoration treatment ID WILDFIRE; HAZARD AB The goals of this study were to promote restoration of forest ecosystems through fire hazard reduction treatments and to evaluate potential economic benefits of carbon credits to the Navajo Nation. We used the historic Navajo Nation's Continuous Forest Inventory data to calibrate the Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS) with growth increments and used the FVS to run simulations that encompass the next 50 years. We calculated C revenues using two carbon accounting approaches: (1) reduced buffer pool under the Climate Action Reserve protocol and (2) increased C stocks based on with-and-without analysis. We investigated nine C price scenarios, including constant- and rising-price trajectories; performed discounted cash flow analyses; and calculated net present worth (NPW). When timber was the only marketable output, using a real alternative rate of return (ARR) of 4%, the NPW of target basal area (BA) 40, 70, and 100 ft(2)/ac were -$144.89, -$267.98, and -$308.57/ac, respectively. When both timber and C were marketable outputs, with a C price of $3/ton, the NPW of target BAs of 40, 70, and 100 ft2/ac were increased to -$119.26, -$256.83, and -$306.31, respectively, under the first accounting approach, and were increased to $168.62, -$57.29, and -$184.09, respectively, under the second accounting approach. Our results indicate that C accounting method, (price, and landowner's ARR affect forest landowner's profitability in participating in the C market. C1 [Huang, Ching-Hsun] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Sorensen, Christopher] US Forest Serv, Mi Wok Village, CA 95346 USA. RP Huang, CH (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, 110 E Pine Knoll Dr,Bldg 82, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM Ching.Huang@nau.edu FU Navajo Forestry Department of the Navajo Nation FX Ching-Hsun Huang (Ching.Huang@nau.edu), School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, 110 East Pine Knoll Drive, Building 82, Flagstaff; AZ 86011. Christopher Sorensen, US Forest Service, Resource Management, Region 5, Stanislaus Nation Forest, Mi-Wok Ranger District, 24695 Highway 108, Mi-Wok Village, CA 95346 This study would not have been possible without the support of Alexious Becenti with Navajo Forestry Department of the Navajo Nation. We are grateful for the support of Bill Yemma and Tim Moriarty of the Bureau of Indian Affairs; Wally Covington and Dave Egan of the Ecological Restoration Institute; Andrew Meador, Brad Quayle, and Christopher MacDonald of the US Forest Service; and Christopher Galik of Duke University. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0885-6095 J9 WEST J APPL FOR JI West. J. Appl. For. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 26 IS 1 BP 37 EP 45 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 709CH UT WOS:000286412400006 ER PT S AU Kang, S Lee, K Son, J Kim, MS AF Kang, Sukwon Lee, Kangjin Son, Jaeryong Kim, Moon S. BE Saravacos, G Taoukis, P Krokida, M Karathanos, V Lazarides, H Stoforos, N Tzia, C Yanniotis, S TI Detection of fecal contamination on leafy greens by hyperspectral imaging SO 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON ENGINEERING AND FOOD (ICEF11) SE Procedia Food Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Congress on Engineering and Food (ICEF) CY MAY 22-26, 2011 CL Athens, GREECE DE Fecal contamination; leafy greens; hyperspectral imaging ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157H7; FLUORESCENCE; LEAVES AB Because the contaminated fresh produce and raw materials for food with animal fecal matter can introduce foodborne illness, it is necessary to develop an automatic inspection system to detect the fecal contamination on fresh produce. The hyperspectral fluorescence imaging system using ultraviolet-A excitation (320 similar to 400 nm) was investigated to detect the bovine fecal contamination on the abaxial and adaxial surfaces of romaine lettuce and baby spinach leaves. An image processing algorithm to detect the fecal contamination spots for public health concern was investigated while it correctly indentifies the clean leaf surfaces. The developed algorithm could successfully detect the fecal contamination spots on the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of romaine lettuce and baby spinach. (c) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of 11th International Congress on Engineering and Food (ICEF 11) Executive Committee. C1 [Kang, Sukwon; Lee, Kangjin; Son, Jaeryong] Rural Dev Adm, Suwon, South Korea. [Kim, Moon S.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Kang, S (reprint author), Rural Dev Adm, Suwon, South Korea. EM skang@korea.kr FU "Cooperative Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development" [006002]; Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea FX This study was carried out with the support of "Cooperative Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development ( Project No. 006002)", Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2211-601X J9 PROC FOOD SCI PY 2011 VL 1 BP 953 EP 959 DI 10.1016/j.profoo.2011.09.143 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BDQ00 UT WOS:000314355500142 ER PT B AU Agarwal, UP Reiner, RR Ralph, SA AF Agarwal, Umesh P. Reiner, Richard R. Ralph, Sally A. BE Wang, L Kuang, S Hou, Q Cao, C Si, CL Zhang, HJ TI CELLULOSE CRYSTALLINITY OF WOODS, WOOD PULPS, AND AGRICULTURAL FIBERS BY FT-RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY SO 16TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON WOOD, FIBER AND PULPING CHEMISTRY, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS I & II LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Wood, Fibre and Pulping Chemistry (ISWFPC) CY JUN 08-10, 2011 CL Tianjin, PEOPLES R CHINA DE cellulose crystallinity; FT-Raman; WAXS; wood; lignocellulosics; lignin AB Recently, for estimating cellulose crystallinity, the authors had proposed univariate and multivariate FT-Raman methods. In the present investigation, the univariate method was applied to a number of additional biomaterials (softwoods, hardwoods, wood pulps, and agricultural fibers). The materials were studied in the native, partially-delignified, and alkaline hydrogen peroxide bleached states. The latter two states were examined to evaluate how Raman crystallinity measurement is influenced by the presence of lignin in the sample and by the existence of sample-fluorescence in the Raman spectrum. It was found that for most lignin containing materials the univariate Raman method was a suitable alternative to calculate cellulose crystallinity. Additionally, another univariate FT-Raman method based on Segal-WAXS (or 18-WAXS) was developed (18-univariate Raman) and compared to the one proposed previously (21-univariate Raman). Compared to 21-univariate Raman, the 18-univariate Raman method produced the crystallinities that were about 17% higher. Therefore, it is proposed that for estimating cellulose crystallinities in lignocellulosic materials 21-univariate Raman be used instead of 18- or Segal-WAXS method. C1 [Agarwal, Umesh P.; Reiner, Richard R.; Ralph, Sally A.] USDA FS, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Agarwal, UP (reprint author), USDA FS, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM uagarwal@fs.fed.us NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINA LIGHT INDUSTRY PRESS PI BEIJING PA NO 6 E CHANGAN ST, BEIJING, 100740, PEOPLES R CHINA BN 978-7-5019-8206-6 PY 2011 BP 69 EP 74 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BH0AD UT WOS:000394407800015 ER PT B AU Agarwal, UP AF Agarwal, Umesh P. BE Wang, L Kuang, S Hou, Q Cao, C Si, CL Zhang, HJ TI LIGNIN QUANTITATION BY FT-RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY SO 16TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON WOOD, FIBER AND PULPING CHEMISTRY, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS I & II LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Wood, Fibre and Pulping Chemistry (ISWFPC) CY JUN 08-10, 2011 CL Tianjin, PEOPLES R CHINA DE lignin; quantitation; raman spectroscopy; FT-Raman ID PULP AB Because of the structural complexity of biomass, quantitation of lignin in a variety of wood and plant cell walls is difficult. Consequently, to measure lignin in different plant species, a number of different methods exist. The methods can give different values for the same material samples and such differences result from the nature of the biomass. In the past, although there have been many applications of Raman spectroscopy in the studies of lignin, so far, for most materials, quantitation of lignin has proven to be a challenge. In the present work, a novel approach that successfully quantified lignin is described. The strategy, in part, was based upon the minimization of the contributions to the lignin band intensity at 1600 cm(-1) by those structures that contribute to it excessively, namely chromophores and aromatic-ring conjugated units in lignin. Using a variety of samples with lignin composition in the range 4.9 to 48.4 % good linear correlations against Klason and total lignins were developed (coefficients of determination R-2 0.97 and 0.95, respectively). C1 [Agarwal, Umesh P.] USDA FS, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Agarwal, UP (reprint author), USDA FS, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM uagarwal@fs.fed.us NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINA LIGHT INDUSTRY PRESS PI BEIJING PA NO 6 E CHANGAN ST, BEIJING, 100740, PEOPLES R CHINA BN 978-7-5019-8206-6 PY 2011 BP 170 EP 173 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BH0AD UT WOS:000394407800035 ER PT B AU Bras, J Missoum, K Lavoine, N Klamczynski, A Desloges, I Belgacem, N Orts, WJ Dufresne, A AF Bras, Julien Missoum, Karim Lavoine, Nathalie Klamczynski, Artur Desloges, Isabelle Belgacem, Naceur Orts, William J. Dufresne, Alain BE Wang, L Kuang, S Hou, Q Cao, C Si, CL Zhang, HJ TI DIFFERENT NANOFIBRILLATED CELLULOSE AND INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES DEVELOPED FOR THEIR USES IN COATING OR EXTRUSION SO 16TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON WOOD, FIBER AND PULPING CHEMISTRY, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS I & II LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Wood, Fibre and Pulping Chemistry (ISWFPC) CY JUN 08-10, 2011 CL Tianjin, PEOPLES R CHINA DE nanofibrillated cellulose; chemical grafting; drying process; coating; extrusion ID MICROFIBRILLATED CELLULOSE; NANOCRYSTALS; FIBERS; POLY(EPSILON-CAPROLACTONE); BIONANOCOMPOSITES; NANOCOMPOSITES; NANOFIBERS; ACID) AB Because of the high potential of nanocellulose in different applications such as reinforcement or barrier enhancement of polymer nanocomposites, researchers have developed different routes to produce such cellulosic nanofillers. Several totally different materials are in fact described as NFC or MFC because process and/or pretreatment are usually different. The first target of the present work is to give an overview of the different kind of cellulose nanofibers and proposed a classification to differentiate each of them depending on the process, the pre- and the post-treatment. Moreover one of their main drawbacks is their gel-like structure at very low concentration and the fact that films are obtained as soon as they are dried. This issue strongly limits their use in some important process like coating or extrusion. That's why in a second part of this presentation, different solutions will be proposed to overcome this issue. Different kinds of nanocellulose have been prepared in this work. Morphology will be discussed and compared by Field emission gun scanning electron microscopy. New strategies to use this nanocellulose in coating and extrusion will be discussed. Concrete examples will be presented dealing with the impact of the treatment strategy. Concerning the coating, chemical grafting is proposed and their impact on viscosity of different suspensions is detailed. Regarding extrusion a pre-mix strategy is proposed. Thermal and mechanical properties of bionanocomposites are analyzed with TGA and tensile test. This new strategy allows addition in extruded bionanocomposite of 10% nanocellulose which strongly increased Young's modulus (8 times higher). C1 [Bras, Julien; Missoum, Karim; Lavoine, Nathalie; Desloges, Isabelle; Belgacem, Naceur; Dufresne, Alain] Grenoble INP Pagora, UMR CNRS 5518, LGP2, 461 Rue Papeterie, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France. [Klamczynski, Artur; Orts, William J.] USDA ARS WRRC, Bioprod Chem Engn, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Bras, J (reprint author), Grenoble INP Pagora, UMR CNRS 5518, LGP2, 461 Rue Papeterie, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France. EM Julien.Bras@pagora.grenoble-inp.fr FU Grenoble INP Pagora in the American partnership FX The co-workers are grateful for "the" financial support from Grenoble INP Pagora in the American partnership. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINA LIGHT INDUSTRY PRESS PI BEIJING PA NO 6 E CHANGAN ST, BEIJING, 100740, PEOPLES R CHINA BN 978-7-5019-8206-6 PY 2011 BP 467 EP 471 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BH0AD UT WOS:000394407800094 ER PT B AU Rosenau, T Dietz, T French, AD Henniges, U Potthast, A AF Rosenau, Thomas Dietz, Thomas French, Alfred D. Henniges, Ute Potthast, Antje BE Wang, L Kuang, S Hou, Q Cao, C Si, CL Zhang, HJ TI STRUCTURES OF CHROMOPHORES ISOLATED FROM DIFFERENT CELLULOSICS, MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF CELLULOSE AGING AND YELLOWING AND IMPLICATIONS FOR BLEACHING SO 16TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON WOOD, FIBER AND PULPING CHEMISTRY, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS I & II LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Wood, Fibre and Pulping Chemistry (ISWFPC) CY JUN 08-10, 2011 CL Tianjin, PEOPLES R CHINA DE chromophores; cellulosics; aging; yellowing; bleaching AB The CRI method developed in our lab, a general procedure for the isolation and identification of residual chromophores in or on cellulosic material, has been applied to many cellulosic substrates: pulps, bleached pulps, regenerated celluloses and cellulose derivatives. It has proven to be a very valuable tool in isolating defined chromophoric structures from cellulosics. These chromophores are present in the ppm to ppb range only. Highly stabilized hydroxy-[1,4]benzoquinones, hydroxy-[5,8]naphthoquinones, and 2-hydroxyaceto- phenones are the key compound classes found both as the remaining chromophores in highly bleached pulps and as the re-condensated chromophores formed upon aging and brightness reversion. It was demonstrated that aging and chromophore formation in celluloses is highly dependent on the content of carbonyl groups ("CO effect"). Carboxyl groups, by contrast, are not chromogenic on their own, but they exert a strong catalytic effect on the reactions of the carbonyls ("COOH effect"). By means of model compounds combined with NMR, X-ray crystallography and isotopic labeling, the complete pathway from a single keto group in an oxidized cellulosic anhydroglucose unit to the final hydroxy-[1,4]benzoquinone chromophore was demonstrated. The mechanisms were correlated both with bleaching results and computational studies. All chromophores possess special types of stabilization by either H-bonding, resonance or hyperconjugation. The knowledge of the chromophores helps on one hand to understand their presence in bleached pulps and related problems with bleaching: the absence of localized double bonds in those chromophores makes it harder for conventional bleaching agents to attack so that the compounds survive bleaching much longer than the other chromophores. On the other hand, based on the defined chromophore structures, optimized bleaching sequences are developed. C1 [Rosenau, Thomas; Henniges, Ute; Potthast, Antje] Univ Bodenkultur Wien, Christian Doppler Lab Adv Cellulose Chem & Analyt, Dept Chem, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. [Dietz, Thomas] Degussa Evonik, Hanau, Germany. [French, Alfred D.] ARS, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Rosenau, T (reprint author), Univ Bodenkultur Wien, Christian Doppler Lab Adv Cellulose Chem & Analyt, Dept Chem, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. EM thomas.rosenau@boku.ac.at FU Christian Doppler Research Society (CD-laboratory "Advanced Cellulose Chemistry and Analytics") FX The financial support by the Christian Doppler Research Society (CD-laboratory "Advanced Cellulose Chemistry and Analytics") is gratefully acknowledged. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINA LIGHT INDUSTRY PRESS PI BEIJING PA NO 6 E CHANGAN ST, BEIJING, 100740, PEOPLES R CHINA BN 978-7-5019-8206-6 PY 2011 BP 525 EP 528 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BH0AD UT WOS:000394407800104 ER PT B AU Zhu, WY Zhu, JY Chen, KF AF Zhu, Wenyuan Zhu, J. Y. Chen, Kefu BE Wang, L Kuang, S Hou, Q Cao, C Si, CL Zhang, HJ TI EFFECTS OF REMOVAL OF HEMI-CELLULOSES AND LIGNIN DURING SPORL PRETREATMENT ON ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION FROM ASPEN CHIPS SO 16TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON WOOD, FIBER AND PULPING CHEMISTRY, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS I & II LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Wood, Fibre and Pulping Chemistry (ISWFPC) CY JUN 08-10, 2011 CL Tianjin, PEOPLES R CHINA DE SPORL pretreatment; enzymatic saccharification; aspe; hemicelluloses; lignocellulose AB Sulfite pretreatment to overcome recalcitrance of lignocelluloses (SPORL) was applied to aspen chips to enhance the efficiency of enzymatic saccharification of cellulose. It is well known that hemicelluloses and lignin are inhibitors to enzymes. Aspen wood chips were pretreated with sulfur acid (0 similar to 5.5%, on oven dry wood, the same in the following) and sodium bisulfite (0 similar to 4.5%) at 160 to 180 degrees C for 0 to 30 min, and then refined using a disk refiner with 0.76 mm disk plate gap and 10% refining discharge consistency to produce lignocellulosic substrates. SPORL removed most of hemicelluloses and some lignin, which resulted in high enzymatic saccharification of pretreated solid substrate. The resultant substrates were enzymatically saccharified using 7.5 FPU cellulase plus 11.25 IU beta-glucosidase per gram of od substrate. As expected, more hemicelluloses were removed from aspen chips at increased sulfuric acid charge. Most of the removed hemicellulsose were converted to monomeric sugars with highest yield of approximately 90% theoretical. The substrate cellulose enzymatic digestibility (SED) of aspen substrate is proportional to removal of xylan from aspen chips. It was also found that more than 30% of lignin can be removed from aspen chips by SPORL pretreatment with sodium bisulfite charge of 3.0%. Effeciency of enzymatic saccharification of substrate, pretreated with 1.1% sulfuric acid and 3.0%. sodium bisulfite, was more than 95%, of the theoretical value. Comparisons between dilute acid and SPORL will be made in terms sugar and ethanol yield.. C1 [Zhu, Wenyuan] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Jiangsu Prov Key Lab Pulp & Paper Sci & Technol, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhu, J. Y.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Chen, Kefu] South China Univ Technol, Key Lab Pulp & Paper Engn, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Zhu, WY (reprint author), Nanjing Forestry Univ, Jiangsu Prov Key Lab Pulp & Paper Sci & Technol, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM ppzhuwy12@gmail.com; jzhu@fs.fed.us FU US Forest Service Program of Woody Biomass, Bioenergy, and Bioproducts; Chinese Scholarship Council FX This work was conducted at the US Forest Service (USES) Forest Products Laboratory (FPL), Madison, Wisconsin, USA, when Zhu (W) was a visiting Ph. D student at FPL. We appreciate Prof. X. J. Pan of the University of Wisconsin-Madison for allowing us to use the HPLC in his laboratory for analyses of chemical compositions of pretreatment hydrolysates. Financial support of this research included the US Forest Service Program of Woody Biomass, Bioenergy, and Bioproducts (2008, 2009). This program and the Chinese Scholarship Council provided financial support for the visiting appointment of Zhu (W) at FPL. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINA LIGHT INDUSTRY PRESS PI BEIJING PA NO 6 E CHANGAN ST, BEIJING, 100740, PEOPLES R CHINA BN 978-7-5019-8206-6 PY 2011 BP 898 EP 901 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BH0AD UT WOS:000394407800179 ER PT B AU Agarwal, UP Zhu, JY Ralph, SA AF Agarwal, Umesh P. Zhu, J. Y. Ralph, Sally A. BE Wang, L Kuang, S Hou, Q Cao, C Si, CL Zhang, HJ TI ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF BIOMASS: EFFECTS OF CRYSTALLINITY, PARTICLE SIZE, AND LIGNIN REMOVAL SO 16TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON WOOD, FIBER AND PULPING CHEMISTRY, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS I & II LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Wood, Fibre and Pulping Chemistry (ISWFPC) CY JUN 08-10, 2011 CL Tianjin, PEOPLES R CHINA DE enzymatic hydrolysis; biomass; cell wall; cellulose crystallinity; lignin; saccharification ID CELLULOSE; WOOD AB Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose in plant and wood cell walls is expected to be affected by its chemical composition as well as structural and morphological features. In the present study, different crystallinity cellulose samples and varying size fractionated loblolly pine wood cell wall particles were hydrolyzed using a mixture of Celluclast and Novozyme 188. In pure cellulose samples of Whatman CC31, at lower crystallinity, higher hydrolysis rates and higher conversion to glucose were observed. Percent cellulose hydrolysis was linearly but inversely correlated with percent crystallinity. After 72 h, the extent of hydrolysis for highly crystalline and completely amorphous cellulose samples was 40% and 90%, respectively. In the case of loblolly pine, softwood, four different size Wiley-milled wood fractions along with a ball milled sample were hydrolyzed. Although, for the four of the five fractions, where the cellulose crystallinity was similar, there was some increase in enzyme hydrolysis with reduced particle size, most of the increased hydrolysis occurred for the ball milled wood indicating that the destruction of crystallinity and accompanying changes had a major impact. Moreover, to examine the impact of lignin removal, partially delignified pine samples of the four fractions and increasingly delignified samples of a chosen loblolly pine fraction were subjected to enzymatic saccharification. In the former case, lignin removal was found to be associated with significantly increased hydrolysis - extent of hydrolysis at 72 h for the four wood fractions increased on average by 10 fold. Results of the experiments on the increasingly delignified samples indicated higher saccharification with increased lignin removal. Lastly, when the hydrolysis data between the similar crystallinity cellulose and wood cell wall were compared, at 72 h, the cell wall conversion was found to be 4 times slower. These results taken together highlighted that in the biomass hydrolysis cellulose crystallinity and cell wall composition are not as important as the ultrastructural changes that ensued upon acid chlorite delignification. C1 [Agarwal, Umesh P.; Zhu, J. Y.; Ralph, Sally A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Agarwal, UP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM uagarwal@fs.fed.us NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINA LIGHT INDUSTRY PRESS PI BEIJING PA NO 6 E CHANGAN ST, BEIJING, 100740, PEOPLES R CHINA BN 978-7-5019-8206-6 PY 2011 BP 908 EP 912 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BH0AD UT WOS:000394407800181 ER PT B AU Luo, XL Zhu, JY Gleisner, R Zhan, HY AF Luo, X. L. Zhu, J. Y. Gleisner, R. Zhan, H. Y. BE Wang, L Kuang, S Hou, Q Cao, C Si, CL Zhang, HJ TI EFFECTS OF WET PRESSING INDUCED FIBER HORNIFICATION ON ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION OF LIGNOCELLULOSES SO 16TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON WOOD, FIBER AND PULPING CHEMISTRY, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS I & II LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Wood, Fibre and Pulping Chemistry (ISWFPC) CY JUN 08-10, 2011 CL Tianjin, PEOPLES R CHINA DE high solids enzymatic hydrolysis/saccharification; fiber hornification; wet pressing; cellulose accessibility; water retention value (WRV) ID POROUS STRUCTURE; PULP FIBERS; ACCESSIBILITY; WATER; WOOD; WALL AB This study reported the effect of wet pressing-induced fiber hornification on enzymatic saccharification of lignocelluloses. A wet cellulosic substrate of bleached kraft eucalyptus pulp and two wet sulfite pretreated lignocellulosic substrates of aspen and lodgepole pine were pressed to various moisture (solids) contents by variation of pressing pressure and pressing duration. Wet pressing reduced substrate moisture content and produced irreversible reduction in fiber pore volume - fiber homification - as reflected from the reduced water retention values (WRV), an easily measurable parameter, of the pressed substrates. The wet-pressing resulted in a reduction in substrate enzymatic digestibility (SED). It was found that the reduction in SED was approximately 20% for the two sulfite pretreated substrates when moisture content was reduced from approximately 75% to 35%. The reduction for the cellulosic substrate was less than 10% when its moisture content was reduced from approximately 65% to 35%. The results indicated that the reduction in SED is negligible and observable when samples were pressed to solids content to 40% and 50%, respectively. Furthermore, a less digestible sample is more susceptible to wet-pressing to reduce SED. It was also found that WRV can correlate to SED of horrified substrates resulted from the same never dried or pressed sample independent of the honification process, e.g., pressing or drying. This correlation can be fitted using a Boltzuian function. Cellulase adsorption measurements indicated that wet-pressing induced fiber homification reduced cellulose accessibility to cellulose, which is the only factor to reduce SED. The results obtained in this study provide guidelines to high solids enzymatic saccharification of pretreated biomass. C1 [Luo, X. L.; Zhan, H. Y.] South China Univ Technol, State Key Lab Pulp & Paper Engn, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Luo, X. L.; Zhu, J. Y.; Gleisner, R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Luo, X. L.; Zhu, J. Y.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI USA. RP Luo, XL (reprint author), South China Univ Technol, State Key Lab Pulp & Paper Engn, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM luoxiaolin128@yahoo.com.cn; jzhu@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Forest Service through Program of Woody Biomass, Bioenergy, and Bioproducts (WBBB) FX This work was sponsored by the U.S. Forest Service through the Program of Woody Biomass, Bioenergy, and Bioproducts (WBBB, 2009) that provided financial support to Luo for his visiting appointment at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and U.S. Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory (FPL). NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINA LIGHT INDUSTRY PRESS PI BEIJING PA NO 6 E CHANGAN ST, BEIJING, 100740, PEOPLES R CHINA BN 978-7-5019-8206-6 PY 2011 BP 922 EP 927 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BH0AD UT WOS:000394407800184 ER PT B AU Pan, XJ Zhu, JY AF Pan, Xuejun Zhu, Junyong BE Wang, L Kuang, S Hou, Q Cao, C Si, CL Zhang, HJ TI AN UPDATE ON SULFITE PRETREATMENT (SPORL) OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS FOR EFFECTIVE PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE ETHANOL SO 16TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON WOOD, FIBER AND PULPING CHEMISTRY, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS I & II LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Wood, Fibre and Pulping Chemistry (ISWFPC) CY JUN 08-10, 2011 CL Tianjin, PEOPLES R CHINA DE pretreatment; sulfite; SPORL; enzymatic hydrolysis; lignocellulosic biomass ID LODGEPOLE PINE; ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION; OVERCOME RECALCITRANCE; ENERGY EFFICIENCY; WOODY BIOMASS; POPLAR WOOD; TECHNOLOGIES; HYDROLYSIS; SOFTWOOD; DIGESTIBILITY AB SPORL (Sulfite Pretreatment to Overcome Recalcitrance of Lignocellulose) has been demonstrated as an effective and robust pretreatment technology for ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass, in particular woody biomass([1-7]). The process consists of a short chemical treatment of feedstock with sulfite followed by mechanical size reduction (fiberization) with disk mill. Studies indicated that SPORL process is applicable to all types of feedstocks and directly deals with wood chips with regular size, and no extensive size reduction is required prior to the pretreatment. SPORL produced a readily digestible cellulose substrate because of the removal of hemicellulose and lignin, partial sulfonation of lignin (increased hydrophilicity and therefore reduced hydrophobic interaction with enzymes), depolymerization (prehydrolysis) of cellulose, and size reduction (increased surface area). The process has a high recovery yield of fermentable sugars with limited formation of fermentation inhibitors, which facilitates the fermentation of dissolved hemicellulosic sugars in pretreatment liquor. Lignin was partially dissolved in form of lignosulfonate with great potential for co-product development. In addition, the SPORL can directly adapt existing infrastructure and equipment in paper industry, which reduce the cost for equipment R&D and the risk of scale-up. This paper provides an update on our research in SPORL process. C1 [Pan, Xuejun] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Pan, XJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM xpan@wisc.edu FU USDA Forest Service; Biomass Marketing and Utilization Program; USDA McIntire-Stennis fund; Graduate School of University of Wisconsin-Madison FX The authors acknowledge Gaosheng Wang, R. Gleisner, Li Shuai, Wenyuan Zhu, Shen Tian, Dongsheng Zhuang, and Xiaolin Luo for their excellent contributions to this work. The authors appreciate the assistances from Drs. Fachuang Lu, John Ralph, Paul Weimer, and Bruce Dien in NMR and fermentation experiments. The financial supports for the research were provided by USDA Forest Service, Biomass Marketing and Utilization Program, USDA McIntire-Stennis fund, and Graduate School of University of Wisconsin-Madison. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINA LIGHT INDUSTRY PRESS PI BEIJING PA NO 6 E CHANGAN ST, BEIJING, 100740, PEOPLES R CHINA BN 978-7-5019-8206-6 PY 2011 BP 966 EP 970 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BH0AD UT WOS:000394407800192 ER PT S AU Temeyer, KB Tijerina, M Davey, RB Olafson, PU AF Temeyer, Kevin B. Tijerina, Mary Davey, Ronald B. Olafson, Pia U. BE DeMoraes, GJ Proctor, H TI Genetic factors potentially reducing fitness cost of organophosphate-insensitive acetylcholinesterase(s) in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) SO ACAROLOGY XIII: PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS SE Zoosymposia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress of Acarology (ICA) CY AUG 23-27, 2010 CL Recife, BRAZIL SP Brazilian Banco Nordeste, Coordenacao Aperfeicoamento Pessoal Nivel Super, Conselho Nacl Desenvolvimento Cientifico & Tecnologico, Fundacao Amparo Ciencia & Tecnologia Estado Pernambuco, Acad Sci Developing World DE Acaricide; resistance; gene amplification; complementation; fitness ID INSECT ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; SUSCEPTIBLE STRAINS; RESISTANT STRAIN; CDNA; TICK; BMACHE3; FAMILY; CATTLE; CHOLINESTERASE; IDENTIFICATION AB Acaricidal activity of organophosphate (OP) and carbamate acaricides is believed to result from inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Previous studies in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus demonstrated the presence of three presumptive AChE genes (BmAChEs). Biochemical characterization of recombinant BmAChE proteins expressed in the baculovirus system demonstrated that each of the three R. (B.) microplus rBmAChEs have enzymatic properties consistent with designation as functional acetylcholinesterases. Complementary DNAs (cDNAs) for each of the three BmAChEs were cloned and sequenced from individual adult tick synganglia excised from OP-susceptible and OP-resistant strains. The data revealed the presence of multiple transcript sequences within individual ticks for each of the BmAChEs, suggesting alternative mRNA splicing or expression of multiple alleles for each of the BmAChE genes. Quantitative real-time PCR provided evidence of possible gene duplication or amplification for each of the BmAChE genes, and direct sequencing of genomic DNA provided evidence of structural BmAChE gene diversity with respect to presence or absence of introns, as well as the presence or absence of sequence polymorphisms. Baculovirus expression of rBmAChE1 and rBmAChE3 proteins containing some of the predicted amino acid sequence polymorphisms resulted in production of OP-insensitive AChE, demonstrating that at least some OP-resistant individuals contain mutations that reduce OP-inhibition for at least two of the three known BmAChEs. RNA interference was utilized to silence in vivo expression of the BmAChE genes in adult ticks, resulting in tick mortality if all three BmAChEs were silenced simultaneously, strongly suggesting that the BmAChE proteins functionally complement one another in vivo. Together, the results presented provide strong evidence that OP-resistance in R. microplus is at least partially mediated by a combination of the expression of multiple genes encoding acetylcholinesterase, mutations in BmAChEs resulting in OP-insensitivity, gene duplication, and maintenance of allelic diversity, including both OP-sensitive and OP-insensitive alleles within individual ticks. The authors propose that these factors may mitigate fitness costs that might otherwise result from BmAChE mutations, and demonstrate the extreme complexity of OP-resistance in R. (B.) microplus. It is hoped that elucidation of the complex interactions among the multiple BmAChEs and their physiological roles may enable development of new opportunities for tick control. C1 [Temeyer, Kevin B.; Olafson, Pia U.] USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Tijerina, Mary; Davey, Ronald B.] USDA ARS, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [Tijerina, Mary] USDA, AMS, S&T, MPO,Microbiol Data Program, Manassas, VA 20110 USA. RP Temeyer, KB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM kevin.temeyer@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1346, NEW ZEALAND SN 1178-9913 BN 978-1-86977-804-0 J9 ZOOSYMPOSIA JI Zoosymposia PY 2011 VL 6 BP 260 EP 266 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BB7YR UT WOS:000346128600033 ER PT S AU Lorenz, AJ Chao, SM Asoro, FG Heffner, EL Hayashi, T Iwata, H Smith, KP Sorrells, ME Jannink, JL AF Lorenz, Aaron J. Chao, Shiaoman Asoro, Franco G. Heffner, Elliot L. Hayashi, Takeshi Iwata, Hiroyoshi Smith, Kevin P. Sorrells, Mark E. Jannink, Jean-Luc BE Sparks, DL TI GENOMIC SELECTION IN PLANT BREEDING: KNOWLEDGE AND PROSPECTS SO ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY, VOL 110 SE Advances in Agronomy LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; VECTOR MACHINE REGRESSION; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; DAIRY-CATTLE; GENOMEWIDE SELECTION; RECURRENT SELECTION; INBRED LINES; VARIABLE SELECTION AB "Genomic selection," the ability to select for even complex, quantitative traits based on marker data alone, has arisen from the conjunction of new high-throughput marker technologies and new statistical methods needed to analyze the data. This review surveys what is known about these technologies, with sections on population and quantitative genetic background, DNA marker development, statistical methods, reported accuracies of genomic selection (GS) predictions, prediction of nonadditive genetic effects, prediction in the presence of subpopulation structure, and impacts of GS on long-term gain. GS works by estimating the effects of many loci spread across the genome. Marker and observation numbers therefore need to scale with the genetic map length in Morgans and with the effective population size of the population under GS. For typical crops, the requirements range from at least 200 to at most 10,000 markers and observations. With that baseline, GS can greatly accelerate the breeding cycle while also using marker information to maintain genetic diversity and potentially prolong gain beyond what is possible with phenotypic selection. With the costs of marker technologies continuing to decline and the statistical methods becoming more routine, the results reviewed here suggest that GS will play a large role in the plant breeding of the future. Our summary and interpretation should prove useful to breeders as they assess the value of GS in the context of their populations and resources. C1 [Lorenz, Aaron J.; Jannink, Jean-Luc] USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Chao, Shiaoman] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Asoro, Franco G.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA USA. [Heffner, Elliot L.; Sorrells, Mark E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY USA. [Hayashi, Takeshi] Natl Agr Res Ctr, Data Min & Grid Res Team, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. [Iwata, Hiroyoshi] Univ Tokyo, Bunkyo Ku, Dept Agr & Environm Biol, Grad Sch Agr & Life Sci, Tokyo 113, Japan. [Smith, Kevin P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN USA. RP Lorenz, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 151 TC 109 Z9 111 U1 7 U2 109 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0065-2113 BN 978-0-12-385531-2 J9 ADV AGRON JI Adv. Agron. PY 2011 VL 110 BP 77 EP 123 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-385531-2.00002-5 PG 47 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BTM44 UT WOS:000287331100002 ER PT S AU Pachepsky, Y Shelton, DR McLain, JET Patel, J Mandrell, RE AF Pachepsky, Yakov Shelton, Daniel R. McLain, Jean E. T. Patel, Jitendra Mandrell, Robert E. BE Sparks, DL TI IRRIGATION WATERS AS A SOURCE OF PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS IN PRODUCE: A REVIEW SO ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY, VOL 113 SE Advances in Agronomy LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157H7; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI ATTACHMENT; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM OOCYSTS; FECAL INDICATOR ORGANISMS; MICROBIAL RISK-ASSESSMENT; ENTERICA SEROVAR NEWPORT; WASTE-WATER; SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; DRINKING-WATER; RECLAIMED-WATER AB There is increasing evidence that consumption of raw fresh produce is a major factor contributing to human gastrointestinal illness. A wide variety of pathogens contribute to food-borne illnesses, including bacteria (e.g., Salmonella, pathogenic Escherichia coli), protozoa (e.g., Cryptosporidium, Giardia), and viruses (e.g., noroviruses). Large-scale production of produce typically requires some form of irrigation during the growing season. There is a rapidly growing body of research documenting and elucidating the pathways of produce contamination by water-borne pathogens. However, many gaps still exist in our knowledge and understanding. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive approach to the issue, including the most recent research. Topics covered include: temporal and spatial variability, and regional differences, in pathogen and indicator organism concentrations in water; direct and circumstantial evidence for contaminated water as a source of food-borne pathogens; fate and transport of pathogens and indicator organisms in irrigation systems, and the role of environmental microbial reservoirs; and current standards for irrigation water quality, and risk assessment. A concerted effort by researchers and practitioners is needed to maintain food safety of fresh produce in an increasingly intensive food production system and limited and declining irrigation water resources. C1 [Pachepsky, Yakov; Shelton, Daniel R.; Patel, Jitendra] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [McLain, Jean E. T.] ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Water Management & Conservat Res Unit, Maricopa, AZ USA. [Mandrell, Robert E.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Albany, CA USA. RP Pachepsky, Y (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 323 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 5 U2 76 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0065-2113 BN 978-0-12-386473-4 J9 ADV AGRON JI Adv. Agron. PY 2011 VL 113 BP 73 EP 138 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-386473-4.00007-5 PG 66 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BXD50 UT WOS:000295816400002 ER PT S AU Rossel, RAV Adamchuk, VI Sudduth, KA McKenzie, NJ Lobsey, C AF Rossel, R. A. Viscarra Adamchuk, V. I. Sudduth, K. A. McKenzie, N. J. Lobsey, C. BE Sparks, DL TI PROXIMAL SOIL SENSING: AN EFFECTIVE APPROACH FOR SOIL MEASUREMENTS IN SPACE AND TIME SO ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY, VOL 113 SE Advances in Agronomy LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID ON-THE-GO; APPARENT ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; DIFFUSE-REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR; COMPACTION PROFILE SENSOR; ION-SELECTIVE MEMBRANES; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTOR; ORGANIC-MATTER CONTENT; IN-SITU MEASUREMENTS AB This chapter reviews proximal soil sensing (PSS). Our intent is for it to be a source of up-to-date information on PSS, the technologies that are currently available and their use for measuring soil properties. We first define PSS and discuss the sampling dilemma. Using the range of frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum as a framework, we describe technologies that can be used for PSS, including electrochemical and mechanical sensors, telemetry, geographic positioning and elevation, multisensor platforms, and core measuring and down-borehole sensors. Because soil properties can be measured with different proximal soil sensors we provide examples of the alternative techniques that are available for measuring soil properties. We also indicate the developmental stage of technologies for PSS and the current approximate cost of commercial sensors. Our discussion focuses on the development of PSS over the past 30 years and on its current state. Finally, we provide a short list of general considerations for future work and suggest that we need research and development to: (i) improve soil sampling designs for PSS, (ii) define the most suitable technique or combination of techniques for measuring key soil properties, (iii) better understand the interactions between soil and sensor signals, (iv) derive theoretical sensor calibrations, (v) understand the basis for local versus global sensor calibrations, (vi) improve signal processing, analysis and reconstruction techniques, (vii) derive and improve methods for sensor data fusion, and (viii) explore the many and varied soil, agricultural, and environmental applications where proximal soil sensors could be used. PSS provides soil scientists with an effective approach to learn more about soils. Proximal soil sensors allow rapid and inexpensive collection of precise, quantitative, fine-resolution data, which can be used to better understand soil spatial and temporal variability. We hope that this review raises awareness about PSS to further its research and development and to encourage the use of proximal soil sensors in different applications. PSS can help provide sustainable solutions to the global issues that we face: food, water, and energy security and climate change. C1 [Rossel, R. A. Viscarra; McKenzie, N. J.] CSIRO Land & Water, Bruce E Butler Lab, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Adamchuk, V. I.] McGill Univ, Dept Bioresource Engn, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ, Canada. [Sudduth, K. A.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Columbia, MO USA. [Lobsey, C.] Agrisci Queensland, Dept Employment Econ Dev & Innovat, Toowoomba, Qld, Australia. RP Rossel, RAV (reprint author), CSIRO Land & Water, Bruce E Butler Lab, Canberra, ACT, Australia. RI viscarra rossel, raphael/B-4061-2011; McKenzie, Neil/A-9921-2011 OI viscarra rossel, raphael/0000-0003-1540-4748; McKenzie, Neil/0000-0003-3803-3492 NR 186 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 12 U2 77 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0065-2113 BN 978-0-12-386473-4 J9 ADV AGRON JI Adv. Agron. PY 2011 VL 113 BP 237 EP 282 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-386473-4.00010-5 PG 46 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BXD50 UT WOS:000295816400005 ER PT S AU Bean, SR Ioerger, BP Smith, BM Blackwell, DL AF Bean, S. R. Ioerger, B. P. Smith, B. M. Blackwell, D. L. BE Awika, JM Piironen, V Bean, S TI Sorghum Protein Structure and Chemistry: Implications for Nutrition and Functionality SO ADVANCES IN CEREAL SCIENCE: IMPLICATIONS TO FOOD PROCESSING AND HEALTH PROMOTION SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID IN-VITRO DIGESTIBILITY; ZEIN-STARCH DOUGHS; L-MOENCH ENDOSPERM; BICOLOR L. MOENCH; GRAIN-SORGHUM; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; HIGH-LYSINE; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; PEPSIN DIGESTION; STORAGE PROTEINS AB Sorghum is the 5th most widely grown cereal crop in the world and has desirable agronomic traits such as drought resistance and heat tolerance. Sorghum is a major food source in developing nations and is widely used as feed grain in Western countries. There is increasing interest in sorghum food products for people with celiac disease in Western countries as well. Sorghum endosperm proteins are known to have equal or lower in-vitro pepsin digestibility than other cereals in raw flour and substantially lower digestibility in cooked products. The reasons why sorghum proteins are less digestible than that of other cereals have not yet been completely elucidated. However, several factors have been identified that may play a role in determining the digestibility of sorghum including: physical grain structure, protein body structure, protein cross-linking, starch properties, and phenolic content/composition of the grain. The majority of proteins in sorghum endosperm are found in digestion resistant spherical protein bodies that have highly cross-linked outer layers. Disulfide bond mediated cross-linking increases during cooking of sorghum, resulting in the formation of highly cross-linked web-like structures of protein. Protein digestibility has a substantial impact on the nutritional properties of sorghum utilization in the production of human foods, animal feeds, and for bio-industrial uses such as ethanol production. The unique properties of sorghum proteins may also influence the digestion of sorghum starch and could play a role in development of low glycemic index foods. C1 [Bean, S. R.; Ioerger, B. P.; Smith, B. M.; Blackwell, D. L.] USDA ARS, CGAHR, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Bean, SR (reprint author), USDA ARS, CGAHR, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM scott.bean@ars.usda.gov OI Bean, Scott/0000-0001-8678-8094 NR 96 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2636-4 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2011 VL 1089 BP 131 EP 147 D2 10.1021/bk-2011-1089 PG 17 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BDD09 UT WOS:000312746800007 ER PT J AU de Azeredo, HMC Mattoso, LHC McHugh, TH AF Cordeiro de Azeredo, Henriette Monteiro Capparelli Mattoso, Luiz Henrique McHugh, Tara Habig BE Reddy, BSR TI Nanocomposites in Food Packaging - A Review SO ADVANCES IN DIVERSE INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS OF NANOCOMPOSITES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LAYERED SILICATE NANOCOMPOSITES; GAS BARRIER PROPERTIES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; CARBON NANOTUBE; POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; COMPOSITE FILMS; EDIBLE FILMS; MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE C1 [Cordeiro de Azeredo, Henriette Monteiro] Embrapa Trop Agroind, CNPAT, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. [Capparelli Mattoso, Luiz Henrique] Embrapa Agr Instrumentat, LNNA, CNPDIA, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [McHugh, Tara Habig] ARS, WRRC, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP de Azeredo, HMC (reprint author), Embrapa Trop Agroind, CNPAT, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. NR 133 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-202-9 PY 2011 BP 57 EP 78 D2 10.5772/1931 PG 22 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Composites SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA BD8AU UT WOS:000363728700005 ER PT J AU Zhong, S Xu, X Bian, X Lu, W AF Zhong, S. Xu, X. Bian, X. Lu, W. TI Climatology of persistent deep stable layers in Utah's Salt Lake Valley, USA SO ADVANCES IN SCIENCE AND RESEARCH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th EMS Annual Meeting / 8th European Conference on Applied Climatology (ECAC) CY SEP 13-17, 2010 CL Zurich, SWITZERLAND SP European Meteorol Soc ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; COLD-AIR POOLS AB The characteristics of winter season persistent deep stable layers (PDSLs) over Utah's Salt Lake Valley are examined using 30-year twice daily rawinsonde soundings. The results highlight the basic climatological characteristics of the PDSLs, including the strengths of the inversion, the frequency of the occurrence, and the duration of the events. The data analyses also reveal linear trend, interannual variability, as well as the relationship between the interannual variability of PDSLs and the variability of large-scale circulations. Finally, the study investigates the large-scale atmosphere conditions accompanying the formation and destruction of the PDSL episodes. C1 [Zhong, S.; Xu, X.; Lu, W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Bian, X.] USDA, Forest Serv Northern Res Stn, E Lansing, MI USA. RP Zhong, S (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM zhongs@msu.edu NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1992-0628 EI 1992-0636 J9 ADV SCI RES JI Adv. Sci. Res. PY 2011 VL 6 BP 59 EP 62 DI 10.5194/asr-6-59-2011 PG 4 GA CD2FL UT WOS:000350890000011 ER PT J AU Yu, JJ Ehrlich, KC AF Yu, Jiujiang Ehrlich, Kenneth C. BE GuevaraGonzalez, RG TI Aflatoxin Biosynthetic Pathway and Pathway Genes SO AFLATOXINS - BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID VERSICONAL HEMIACETAL ACETATE; VERSICOLORIN B SYNTHASE; REGULATORY PROTEIN AFLR; FATTY-ACID SYNTHASES; ASPERGILLUS-PARASITICUS; NORSOLORINIC ACID; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; POLYKETIDE SYNTHASE; O-METHYLTRANSFERASE; B-1 BIOSYNTHESIS C1 [Yu, Jiujiang; Ehrlich, Kenneth C.] ARS, USDA, Southern Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Yu, JJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Southern Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. NR 207 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-395-8 PY 2011 BP 41 EP 66 D2 10.5772/896 PG 26 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Toxicology GA BG1KS UT WOS:000386856400004 ER PT J AU Brown, RL Menkir, A Chen, ZY Luo, M Bhatnagar, D AF Brown, Robert L. Menkir, Abebe Chen, Zhi-Yuan Luo, Meng Bhatnagar, Deepak BE GuevaraGonzalez, RG TI Identification of Gene Markers in Aflatoxin-Resistant Maize Germplasm for Marker-Assisted Breeding SO AFLATOXINS - BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS INFECTION; CORN TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; EAR ROT; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES; GENOTYPES RESISTANT; PROTEOME ANALYSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FUNGAL-INFECTION; KERNEL PROTEINS; PR PROTEINS C1 [Brown, Robert L.; Bhatnagar, Deepak] ARS, USDA, SRRC, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Menkir, Abebe] Int Inst Trop Agr, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Chen, Zhi-Yuan; Luo, Meng] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Rouge, LA USA. RP Brown, RL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SRRC, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-395-8 PY 2011 BP 91 EP 106 D2 10.5772/896 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Toxicology GA BG1KS UT WOS:000386856400006 ER PT J AU Razzaghi-Abyaneh, M Shams-Ghahfarokhi, M Chang, PK AF Razzaghi-Abyaneh, Mehdi Shams-Ghahfarokhi, Masoomeh Chang, Perng-Kuang BE GuevaraGonzalez, RG TI Aflatoxins: Mechanisms of Inhibition by Antagonistic Plants and Microorganisms SO AFLATOXINS - BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID AZADIRACHTA-INDICA LEAF; ASPERGILLUS-PARASITICUS; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; ATOXIGENIC STRAINS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ESSENTIAL OILS; ALPHA-AMYLASE; AFLASTATIN-A; BIOSYNTHESIS; FLAVUS C1 [Razzaghi-Abyaneh, Mehdi] Pasteur Inst Iran, Dept Mycol, Tehran, Iran. [Shams-Ghahfarokhi, Masoomeh] Tarbiat Modares Univ, Fac Med Sci, Dept Mycol, Tehran, Iran. [Chang, Perng-Kuang] ARS, Southern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Razzaghi-Abyaneh, M (reprint author), Pasteur Inst Iran, Dept Mycol, Tehran, Iran. NR 95 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-395-8 PY 2011 BP 285 EP 304 D2 10.5772/896 PG 20 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Toxicology GA BG1KS UT WOS:000386856400015 ER PT J AU Moore, GG Beltz, SB Carbone, I Ehrlich, KC Horn, BW AF Moore, Geromy G. Beltz, Shannon B. Carbone, Ignazio Ehrlich, Kenneth C. Horn, Bruce W. BE GuevaraGonzalez, RG TI The Population Dynamics of Aflatoxigenic Aspergilli SO AFLATOXINS - BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GENE-CLUSTER; VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY; BIOSYNTHETIC-PATHWAY; MYCOTOXIN PRODUCTION; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION; STATISTICAL TESTS; UNITED-STATES; FLAVUS; EVOLUTION; RECOMBINATION C1 [Moore, Geromy G.; Beltz, Shannon B.; Ehrlich, Kenneth C.] ARS, USDA, Southern Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Carbone, Ignazio] North Carolina State Univ, Ctr Integrated Fungal Res, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC USA. [Horn, Bruce W.] ARS, USDA, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA USA. RP Moore, GG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Southern Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. NR 80 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-395-8 PY 2011 BP 347 EP 366 D2 10.5772/896 PG 20 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Toxicology GA BG1KS UT WOS:000386856400018 ER PT J AU Tewolde, H Adeli, A Rowe, DE Sistani, KR AF Tewolde, Haile Adeli, Ardeshir Rowe, Dennis E. Sistani, Karamat R. TI Cotton Lint Yield Improvement Attributed to Residual Effect of Repeated Poultry Litter Application SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL PROPERTIES; BROILER LITTER; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; CATTLE MANURE; CORN; PHOSPHORUS; NITROGEN; RYE AB The magnitude of soil nutrients derived from poultry litter that carryover to succeeding seasons and the possibility to decrease litter rates applied to soils with only a few years of application history is not well understood. The objective of this research was to determine and quantify the potential carryover effect of moderate broiler litter fertilization rates on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) lint yield in subsequent years. Cotton was fertilized with 0, 2.2, 4.5, 6.7 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) broiler litter, 4.5 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) litter plus 67 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) as urea ammonium nitrate (UAN), or with 135 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) as UAN (farm standard, Std) on a private farm under conventional till in Mississippi in 2002-2007. In 2005, each plot was divided into two equal subunits and one-half continued to receive the same fertilization treatment and the other half was not fertilized in 2005 and the subsequent 2 yr. The results showed the 6.7 Mg ha(-1) litter fertilization did not supply sufficient fertilization for optimum lint yield during the first 3 yr (2002-2004). But, lint yield of this treatment equaled that of the Std in the last 3 yr (2005-2007), suggesting a cumulative litter carryover in 2002-2004 was sufficient to meet the fertilization deficit. The results overall show that repeated litter application for a few years under conventional till management builds the nutrient pool gradually and that the rate of litter application might be reduced in subsequent years while maintaining optimum lint yield. C1 [Tewolde, Haile; Adeli, Ardeshir] USDA ARS, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Rowe, Dennis E.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Sistani, Karamat R.] USDA ARS, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. RP Tewolde, H (reprint author), USDA ARS, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM haile.tewolde@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 103 IS 1 BP 107 EP 112 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0274 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 703SD UT WOS:000286000700015 ER PT J AU Lawley, YE Weil, RR Teasdale, JR AF Lawley, Yvonne E. Weil, Ray R. Teasdale, John R. TI Forage Radish Cover Crop Suppresses Winter Annual Weeds in Fall and Before Corn Planting SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID BRASSICA; MANAGEMENT; GROWTH AB Forage radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. longipinnatus) is a new winter cover crop in the Mid-Atlantic region. The objective of this project was to characterize the repeatability, amount, and duration of weed suppression during and aft er a fall-planted forage radish cover crop and to quantify the subsequent effect on no-till seeded corn (Zea mays L.). Forage radish cover crops were grown in 10 site-years in the coastal plain of Maryland and followed by a corn crop in seven site-years. Forage radish was compared to rye (Secale cereale L.) and no cover crop treatments. Early and typical corn planting dates along with contrasting herbicide management strategies were compared over four site-years. Forage radish produced 3.9 to 6.6 Mg ha(-1) of shoot dry matter and 1.3 to 3.2 Mg ha(-1) of fleshy root dry matter when planted before 1 September. Forage radish did not reduce population or grain yield in subsequent corn crops. Forage radish provided complete suppression of winter annual weeds in fall and early spring but the suppression did not persist into the subsequent cropping season. When forage radish cover crops were used in place of preplant burn-down herbicide treatments to control weeds in early planted corn, some weeds were present at the time of corn emergence but corn yields were not reduced as long as emerged weeds were controlled with a postemergence herbicide. Strategies to use the weed suppression of forage radish cover crops should focus on fall weed suppression and the early spring preplant window of weed control. C1 [Lawley, Yvonne E.; Weil, Ray R.] Univ Maryland, Dep Environm Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Teasdale, John R.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lawley, YE (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dep Environm Sci & Technol, 1109 HJ Patterson Hall, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM ylawley@gmail.com NR 16 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 103 IS 1 BP 137 EP 144 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0187 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 703SD UT WOS:000286000700020 ER PT J AU Huggins, DR Karow, RS Collins, HP Ransom, JK AF Huggins, David R. Karow, Russell S. Collins, Harold P. Ransom, Joel K. TI Introduction: Evaluating Long-Term Impacts of Harvesting Crop Residues on Soil Quality SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material ID ORGANIC-CARBON DYNAMICS; CORN STOVER; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; ENERGY; SEQUESTRATION; SWITCHGRASS; BIODIESEL; BIOENERGY; REMOVAL AB Utilizing crop residues as biofuel feedstocks will involve trade-offs between bioenergy production and agroecosystem services. Consequently, agricultural production managers and policymakers need to critically evaluate current functions of crop residues in light of increasing demands for agricultural intensification including bioenergy. At issue are the short-and long-term impacts of residue harvest on the sustainability of soil resources and related food and energy production and the oft en disparate economic, environmental, edaphic, climatic, technological, and logistical factors involved. Although field studies cannot address all scenarios, long-term studies can provide insights on how crop residue harvest will impact key factors of agricultural sustainability such as soil organic matter (SOM). This topic was the major theme of the 2009 International American Society of Agronomy symposium entitled "Residue Removal and Soil Quality-Findings from Long-Term Research Plots." The seven papers in this special Agronomy Journal section were developed from this symposium and draw on long-term studies from Europe, Canada, Australia, and the United States to examine residue harvest impacts on SOM and factors related to long-term sustainably. In combination, these papers conclude that residue harvest will impact SOM, although the nature of the effects is situation-dependent. Also clear is that the assessment of harvesting residues must be placed in a farming systems context that includes an evaluation of economic and environmental trade-offs specific for a given farm and location. Therefore, future challenges include the development of science-based, site-specific decision aids that enable growers to make economically sound and environmentally sustainable choices regarding residue harvest. C1 [Huggins, David R.] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Ransom, Joel K.] N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Collins, Harold P.] ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Karow, Russell S.] Oregon State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Huggins, DR (reprint author), Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, 247 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM David.Huggins@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 47 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 43 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 103 IS 1 BP 230 EP 233 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0382s PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 703SD UT WOS:000286000700031 ER PT B AU Raffel, R Ramsay, J AF Raffel, Robert Ramsay, Jim BE OConnell, JF Williams, G TI Aviation Security in the United States SO AIR TRANSPORT IN THE 21ST CENTURY: KEY STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Raffel, Robert] USDA, ATAP, Washington, DC USA. [Raffel, Robert] FAA, Off Civil Aviat Secur, Washington, DC 20591 USA. [Raffel, Robert] Greater Orlando Aviat Author, Orlando, FL USA. [Raffel, Robert] Orlando Police Dept Airport Div, Orlando, FL USA. [Raffel, Robert] Airport Rescue Firefighter Dept, Washington, DC USA. [Raffel, Robert] Orlando Int Airport, Secur Div, Orlando, FL USA. [Raffel, Robert] Orlando Int Airport, Orlando, FL USA. [Ramsay, Jim] Univ Wisconsin Stevens Point, Stevens Point, WI USA. [Ramsay, Jim] Indiana Univ Penn, Indiana, PA 15705 USA. RP Raffel, R (reprint author), FAA, Off Civil Aviat Secur, Washington, DC 20591 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASHGATE PUBLISHING LTD PI ALDERSHOT PA GOWER HOUSE, CROFT ROAD, ALDERSHOT GU11 3HR, ENGLAND BN 978-0-7546-9995-8; 978-1-4094-0097-4 PY 2011 BP 375 EP 399 PG 25 WC Transportation SC Transportation GA BA7UM UT WOS:000337789500039 ER PT S AU Moreau, RA AF Moreau, Robert A. BE Proctor, A TI Aqueous Enzymatic Oil Extraction from Seeds, Fruits and Other Oil-rich Plant Materials SO ALTERNATIVES TO CONVENTIONAL FOOD PROCESSING SE RSC Green Chemistry Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID EXTRACTION; RESPONSE-SURFACE ANALYSIS; TWIN-SCREW EXTRUDER; MILLED CORN GERM; VIRGIN OLIVE OIL; PLUM KERNEL OIL; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; OLEOSIN ISOFORMS; SUNFLOWER SEEDS; CARBON-DIOXIDE C1 ARS, Crop Convers Sci & Engn Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Moreau, RA (reprint author), ARS, Crop Convers Sci & Engn Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. OI Moreau, Robert/0000-0002-8166-8322 NR 103 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1757-7039 BN 978-1-84973-037-2 J9 RSC GREEN CHEM SER PY 2011 IS 10 BP 341 EP 366 PG 26 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA BTJ05 UT WOS:000287050100008 ER PT J AU Claassen, R Just, RE AF Claassen, Roger Just, Richard E. TI Heterogeneity and Distributional Form of Farm-Level Yields SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE county aggregation; crop insurance; crop yields; risk; yield distribution; Q12; Q18 ID CROP INSURANCE; RISK; AGGREGATION; REGRESSION; MODELS AB Representing farm-level crop yield heterogeneity and distributional form is critical for risk and crop insurance research. Most studies have used county data, understating both systematic and random variation. Comparison of systematic versus random intra-county variation is lacking. Few studies compare the various distributional forms that have been proposed. This study utilizes the extensive potential of government farm-level crop insurance data. Results show that systematic intra-county variation is surprisingly strong. A newly applied reverse lognormal distribution is preferred when county-wide variation is removed, but the normal distribution fits surprisingly well in the crop insurance relevant percentiles when county-wide variation is not removed. C1 [Claassen, Roger] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Just, Richard E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Claassen, R (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. NR 32 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9092 J9 AM J AGR ECON JI Am. J. Agr. Econ. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 93 IS 1 BP 144 EP 160 DI 10.1093/ajae/aaq111 PG 17 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 737JW UT WOS:000288566100009 ER PT J AU Zhen, C Wohlgenant, MK Karns, S Kaufman, P AF Zhen, Chen Wohlgenant, Michael K. Karns, Shawn Kaufman, Phillip TI Habit Formation and Demand for Sugar-Sweetened Beverages SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE habit formation; sugar-sweetened beverage tax; obesity; D12 ID STATISTICAL PROPERTIES; MODEL SELECTION; FOOD DEMAND; SYSTEM; OBESITY; CONSUMPTION; ADDICTION; ELASTICITIES; RESTRICTIONS; EXPENDITURES AB Using scanner data, we estimated demand for nine nonalcoholic beverages under habit formation. We found strong evidence for habit formation. Although demand for sugar-sweetened beverages by low-income households is less elastic to own-price changes compared with high-income households, there is evidence that high-income households consider beverages to be more substitutable than low-income households do. A half-cent per ounce tax on store-purchased sugar-sweetened beverages will result in a moderate reduction in consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages for both income strata. Because of habit formation, long-run national tax revenue from a sugar-sweetened beverage tax is about 15 to 20% lower than short-run revenue. C1 [Zhen, Chen; Karns, Shawn] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Wohlgenant, Michael K.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kaufman, Phillip] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Zhen, C (reprint author), RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. FU USDA [59-5000-7-0117] FX Chen Zhen and Shawn Karns are research economists, RTI International. Michael K. Wohlgenant is a William Neal Reynolds Distinguished Professor, North Carolina State University. Phillip Kaufman is a senior economist, USDA Economic Research Service. We are particularly grateful to the journal's editor Jeffrey Dorfman and two anonymous reviewers for their careful review of earlier drafts and constructive suggestions. We also wish to thank Betsy Frazao, Ephraim Leibtag, David Levy, Biing-HwanLin, Mary Muth, David Smallwood, Xiaoyong Zheng, and seminar participants at USDA's Economic Research Service for helpful comments. All errors are our own. The views expressed here are those of the authors and cannot be attributed to the Economic Research Service or the U. S. Department of Agriculture. Chen Zhen would like to dedicate this article to his father, Zhen Guoliang. Generous financial support from USDA's Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Program (Agreement No. 59-5000-7-0117) is gratefully appreciated. NR 50 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 28 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9092 J9 AM J AGR ECON JI Am. J. Agr. Econ. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 93 IS 1 BP 175 EP 193 DI 10.1093/ajae/aaq155 PG 19 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 737JW UT WOS:000288566100011 ER PT J AU Bhupathiraju, SN Tucker, KL AF Bhupathiraju, Shilpa N. Tucker, Katherine L. TI Greater variety in fruit and vegetable intake is associated with lower inflammation in Puerto Rican adults SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; DIETARY PATTERNS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; MIXED FRUIT; ANTIOXIDANT VITAMINS; PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE; SERUM ANTIOXIDANTS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY AB Background: Puerto Rican adults have prevalent metabolic abnormalities, but few studies have explored fruit and vegetable (FV) intake and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in this population. Objective: We tested the hypothesis that greater FV intake and variety are associated with a lower 10-y risk of CHD and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. Design: In a cross-sectional study of approximate to 1200 Puerto Rican adults aged 45-75 y, we assessed FV intake with a food-frequency questionnaire. The 10-y risk of CHD was assessed with the Framingham risk score (FRS) in participants free of cardiovascular disease. CRP was measured in fasting serum. Results: Variety, but not quantity, of FV intake was inversely associated with FRS after adjustment for the following: sex; waist circumference; perceived stress; alcohol use; intakes of energy, trans fatty acids, and saturated fatty acids; and use of supplements, cardiovascular medications, and diabetes medications (P = 0.02). However, the association was attenuated after adjustment for income (P = 0.11). Variety, but not quantity, was associated with a lower serum CRP concentration after adjustment for age, sex, smoking status, alcohol use, servings of FV, white blood cell count, diastolic blood pressure, diabetes, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medication use, intakes of energy and vitamin B-6, waist circumference, perceived stress, and income. The adjusted odds of a high CRP concentration for those in the highest compared with the lowest tertile of FV variety was 0.68 (95% CI: 0.49, 0.94). Conclusions: FV variety, but not quantity, appears to be important in reducing inflammation. Although the results are suggestive, larger studies are needed to confirm a possible association with CHD risk score. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;93:37-46. C1 [Tucker, Katherine L.] Northeastern Univ, Bouve Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Bhupathiraju, Shilpa N.; Tucker, Katherine L.] Tufts Univ, Gerald J & Dorothy R Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Poli, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Bhupathiraju, Shilpa N.; Tucker, Katherine L.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Tucker, KL (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Bouve Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Hlth Sci, 316 Robinson Hall, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM kl.tucker@neu.edu RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010; Bhupathiraju, Shilpa/I-1209-2013; OI Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X FU NIA [P01AG023394]; US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-7-707] FX Supported by NIA P01AG023394 and US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service contract 58-1950-7-707. NR 61 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 93 IS 1 BP 37 EP 46 DI 10.3945/ajcn.2010.29913 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 696PJ UT WOS:000285453500007 PM 21068354 ER PT J AU Shellie, KC AF Shellie, Krista C. TI Interactive Effects of Deficit Irrigation and Berry Exposure Aspect on Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon in an Arid Climate SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ENOLOGY AND VITICULTURE LA English DT Article DE winegrape; stress; leaf water potential; Vitis vinifera L.; phenolics; growth; yield ID VINE WATER STATUS; VITIS-VINIFERA L.; CROP LOAD; WINE; GRAPEVINE; SKIN; ANTHOCYANINS; AVAILABILITY; TEMPERATURE; VERAISON AB The objective of this study was to determine the main and interactive effects of a sustained water deficit during berry development and berry exposure aspect on yield and berry composition in the red winegrape cultivars Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon. Standard (STD) and reduced (RED) levels of sustained deficit irrigation were imposed throughout berry development over four growing seasons in a field trial located in the Snake River Valley American Viticultural Area (AVA) of southwestern Idaho, United States. The STD irrigation provided similar to 70% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and the RED treatment provided similar to 50% of the STD. Midday leaf water potential (Psi(1)) was measured weekly and the diameter of exposed east- and west-facing berries was nondestructively measured during berry development. Yield and berry maturity and the phenolic composition of exposed east- and west-facing berries were measured at harvest for each irrigation treatment. Vines under RED had lower Psi(1) than vines under STD irrigation. Deficit severity and west-facing berry exposure had an additive effect on reducing berry growth. East-facing berries under STD irrigation grew faster than west-facing berries under RED irrigation. Yield per vine and berry growth were reduced in both cultivars under RED irrigation and west-facing berries contained less total monomeric anthocyanin per berry than east-facing berries. Reduction in total anthocyanin content was due to lower concentration per gram berry fresh weight in Merlot and reduced berry fresh weight in Cabernet Sauvignon. The lack of significant irrigation effect and significant exposure effect observed in this study supports the hypothesis that temperature is a major factor influencing berry compositional development. C1 ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab 29603, Parma, ID 83660 USA. RP Shellie, KC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab 29603, Univ Idaho Lane, Parma, ID 83660 USA. EM Krista.Shellie@ars.usda.gov FU ARS [5358-21000-034-00D] FX This research was conducted under ARS Project 5358-21000-034-00D entitled "Production Systems to Promote Yield and Quality of Grapes in the Pacific Northwest." NR 41 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC ENOLOGY VITICULTURE PI DAVIS PA PO BOX 1855, DAVIS, CA 95617-1855 USA SN 0002-9254 EI 1943-7749 J9 AM J ENOL VITICULT JI Am. J. Enol. Vitic. PY 2011 VL 62 IS 4 BP 462 EP 470 DI 10.5344/ajev.2011.10103 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Agriculture GA 862WT UT WOS:000298125500005 ER PT J AU Marini, JC Keller, B Didelija, IC Castillo, L Lee, B AF Marini, Juan C. Keller, Bettina Didelija, Inka Cajo Castillo, Leticia Lee, Brendan TI Enteral arginase II provides ornithine for citrulline synthesis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE arginine; glutamine; modeling; proline; urea cycle ID RAT SMALL-INTESTINE; ARGININE SYNTHESIS; STABLE-ISOTOPE; METABOLISM; MICE; EXPRESSION; INHIBITION; GLUTAMINE; KIDNEY AB Marini JC, Keller B, Didelija IC, Castillo L, Lee B. Enteral arginase II provides ornithine for citrulline synthesis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 300: E188-E194, 2011. First published October 26, 2010; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00413.2010.-The synthesis of citrulline from arginine in the small intestine depends on the provision of ornithine. To test the hypothesis that arginase II plays a central role in the supply of ornithine for citrulline synthesis, the contribution of dietary arginine, glutamine, and proline was determined by utilizing multitracer stable isotope protocols in arginase II knockout (AII(-/-)) and wild-type (WT) mice. The lack of arginase II resulted in a lower citrulline rate of appearance (121 vs. 137 mu mol.kg(-1).h(-1)) due to a reduced availability of ornithine; ornithine supplementation was able to restore the rate of citrulline production in AII(-/-) to levels comparable with WT mice. There were significant differences in the utilization of dietary citrulline precursors. The contribution of dietary arginine to the synthesis of citrulline was reduced from 45 to 10 mu mol.kg(-1).h(-1) due to the lack of arginase II. No enteral utilization of arginine was observed in AII(-/-) mice (WT = 25 mu mol.kg(-1).h(-1)), and the contribution of dietary arginine through plasma ornithine was reduced in the transgenic mice (20 vs. 13 mu mol.kg(-1).h(-1)). Dietary glutamine and proline utilization were greater in AII(-/-) than in WT mice (20 vs. 13 and 1.4 vs. 3.7 mu mol.kg(-1).h(-1), respectively). Most of the contribution of glutamine and proline was enteral rather than through plasma ornithine. The arginase isoform present in the small intestinal mucosa has the role of providing ornithine for citrulline synthesis. The lack of arginase II results in a greater contribution of plasma ornithine and dietary glutamine and proline to the synthesis of citrulline. C1 [Marini, Juan C.; Didelija, Inka Cajo; Castillo, Leticia] Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Keller, Bettina; Lee, Brendan] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Human Mol Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Lee, Brendan] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Marini, JC (reprint author), 1100 Bates St,Mail Stop BCM320, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM marini@bcm.edu FU US Department of Agriculture [6250-51000-044]; National Institutes of Health Division of Research Resources [K01-RR-024173] FX The work was supported by the US Department of Agriculture (6250-51000-044) and the National Institutes of Health Division of Research Resources (K01-RR-024173). NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 300 IS 1 BP E188 EP E194 DI 10.1152/ajpendo.00413.2010 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 700CU UT WOS:000285711200021 PM 20978229 ER PT J AU Baranowski, T Baranowski, J Thompson, D Buday, R Jago, R Griffith, MJ Islam, N Nguyen, N Watson, KB AF Baranowski, Tom Baranowski, Janice Thompson, Debbe Buday, Richard Jago, Russ Griffith, Melissa Juliano Islam, Noemi Nguyen, Nga Watson, Kathleen B. TI Video Game Play, Child Diet, and Physical Activity Behavior Change A Randomized Clinical Trial SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OUTCOME EVALUATION; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH; OBESITY; GIRLS; ACCELEROMETER; PREVALENCE; OVERWEIGHT; PROGRAM; FRUIT AB Background: Video games designed to promote behavior change are a promising venue to enable children to learn healthier behaviors. Purpose: Evaluate outcome from playing "Escape from Diab" (Diab) and "Nanoswarm: Invasion from Inner Space" (Nano) video games on children's diet, physical activity, and adiposity. Design: Two-group RCT; assessments occurred at baseline, immediately after Diab, immediately after Nano, and 2 months later. Data were collected in 2008-2009, and analyses were conducted in 2009-2010. Setting/participants: 133 children aged 10-12 years, initially between 50th percentile and 95th percentile BMI. Intervention: Treatment group played Diab and Nano in sequence. Control Group played diet and physical activity knowledge-based games on popular websites. Main outcome measures: Servings of fruit, vegetable, and water; minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity. At each point of assessment: 3 nonconsecutive days of 24-hour dietary recalls; 5 consecutive days of physical activity using accelerometers; and assessment of height, weight, waist circumference, and triceps skinfold. Results: A repeated measures ANCOVA was conducted (analyzed in 2009-2010). Children playing these video games increased fruit and vegetable consumption by about 0.67 servings per day (p < 0.018) but not water and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, or body composition. Conclusions: Playing Diab and Nano resulted in an increase in fruit and vegetable intake. Research is needed on the optimal design of video game components to maximize change. (Am J Prev Med 2011; 40(1): 33-38) (C) 2011 American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Baranowski, Tom; Baranowski, Janice; Thompson, Debbe; Griffith, Melissa Juliano; Islam, Noemi; Nguyen, Nga; Watson, Kathleen B.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Buday, Richard] Archimage Inc, Houston, TX USA. [Jago, Russ] Univ Bristol, Dept Exercise Nutr & Hlth Sci, Bristol, Avon, England. RP Baranowski, T (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tbaranow@bcm.edu OI Jago, Russell/0000-0002-3394-0176; Baranowski, Tom/0000-0002-0653-2222 FU National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [5 U44 DK66724-01]; USDA/ARS [58-6250-6001] FX This research was primarily funded by a grant from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (5 U44 DK66724-01). This work is also a publication of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX, and had been funded in part with federal funds from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6250-6001. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the U.S. government. NR 33 TC 69 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 40 IS 1 BP 33 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.09.029 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 692WY UT WOS:000285187800005 PM 21146765 ER PT J AU Wilson, FA Suryawan, A Orellana, RA Gazzaneo, MC Nguyen, HV Davis, TA AF Wilson, Fiona A. Suryawan, Agus Orellana, Renan A. Gazzaneo, Maria C. Nguyen, Hanh V. Davis, Teresa A. TI Differential effects of long-term leucine infusion on tissue protein synthesis in neonatal pigs SO AMINO ACIDS LA English DT Article DE Growth; Muscle; Translation initiation; Mammalian target of rapamycin; Eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein; Ribosome protein S6 kinase ID CHAIN AMINO-ACIDS; INITIATION-FACTOR ACTIVATION; MESSENGER-RNA TRANSLATION; MTOR-SIGNALING PATHWAY; PANCREATIC BETA-CELLS; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; P70 S6 KINASE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; INSULIN; RATS AB Leucine is unique among the amino acids in its ability to promote protein synthesis by activating translation initiation via the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Previously, we showed that leucine infusion acutely stimulates protein synthesis in fast-twitch glycolytic muscle of neonatal pigs but this response cannot be maintained unless the leucine-induced fall in amino acids is prevented. To determine whether leucine can stimulate protein synthesis in muscles of different fiber types and in visceral tissues of the neonate in the long-term if baseline amino acid concentrations are maintained, overnight fasted neonatal pigs were infused for 24 h with saline, leucine (400 mu mol kg(-1) h(-1)), or leucine with replacement amino acids to prevent the leucine-induced hypoaminoacidemia. Changes in the fractional rate of protein synthesis and activation of mTOR, as determined by eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein (4E-BP1) and S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) phosphorylation, in the gastrocnemius and masseter muscles, heart, liver, jejunum, kidney, and pancreas were measured. Leucine increased mTOR activation in the gastrocnemius and masseter muscles, liver, and pancreas, in both the absence and presence of amino acid replacement. However, protein synthesis in these tissues was increased only when amino acids were infused to maintain baseline levels. There were no changes in mTOR signaling or protein synthesis in the other tissues we examined. Thus, long-term infusion of leucine stimulates mTOR signaling in skeletal muscle and some visceral tissues but the leucine-induced stimulation of protein synthesis in these tissues requires sustained amino acid availability. C1 [Wilson, Fiona A.; Suryawan, Agus; Orellana, Renan A.; Gazzaneo, Maria C.; Nguyen, Hanh V.; Davis, Teresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Davis, TA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tdavis@bcm.edu FU NIH [R01 AR-44474, K08 AR051563]; USDA/ARS [58-6250-6-001] FX We thank Marta Fiorotto for helpful discussions, Jerome Stubblefield for care of animals, E. O'Brian Smith for statistical assistance, Adam Gillum for graphics and Linda Weiser for secretarial assistance. Funding for this research was received from the Ajinomoto Amino Acid Research Program, NIH R01 AR-44474, NIH K08 AR051563, and USDA/ARS Cooperative Agreement no. 58-6250-6-001. This work is a publication of the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. NR 43 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0939-4451 J9 AMINO ACIDS JI Amino Acids PD JAN PY 2011 VL 40 IS 1 BP 157 EP 165 DI 10.1007/s00726-010-0629-9 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 700YH UT WOS:000285781000015 PM 20505962 ER PT J AU Fagerquist, CK Sultan, O AF Fagerquist, Clifton K. Sultan, Omar TI Induction and identification of disulfide-intact and disulfide-reduced beta-subunit of Shiga toxin 2 from Escherichia coli O157:H7 using MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS/MS and top-down proteomics SO ANALYST LA English DT Article ID FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DESORPTION IONIZATION-TIME; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; PROTEIN BIOMARKERS; PEPTIDES; FRAGMENTATION; ATTACHMENT; MECHANISM; STRAINS; BONDS AB The disulfide-intact and disulfide-reduced beta-subunit of Shiga toxin 2 (beta-Stx2) from Escherichia coli O157:H7 (strain EDL933) has been identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS/MS) and top-down proteomic analysis using software developed in-house. E. coli O157: H7 was induced to express Stx2 by culturing on solid agar media supplemented with 10-50 ng mL(-1) of ciprofloxacin (CP). Bacterial cell lysates at each CP concentration were analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS. A prominent ion at mass-tocharge (m/z) similar to 7820 was observed for the CP concentration range: 10-50 ng mL(-1), reaching a maximum signal intensity at 20 ng mL(-1). Complex MS/MS data were obtained of the ion at m/z similar to 7820 by post-source decay resulting in top-down proteomic identification as the mature, signal peptide-removed, disulfide-intact beta-Stx2. Eight fragment ion triplets (each spaced Delta m/z similar to 33 apart) were also observed resulting from backbone cleavage between the two cysteine residues (that form the intra-molecular disulfide bond) and symmetric and asymmetric cleavage of the disulfide bond. The middle fragment ion of each triplet, from symmetric disulfide bond cleavage, was matched to an in silico fragment ion formed from cleavage of the backbone at a site adjacent to an aspartic acid or glutamic acid residue. The flanking fragment ions of each triplet, from asymmetric disulfide bond cleavage, were not matched because their corresponding in silico fragment ions are not represented in the database. Easier to interpret MS/MS data were obtained for the disulfide-reduced beta-Stx2 which resulted in an improved top-down identification. C1 [Fagerquist, Clifton K.; Sultan, Omar] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Fagerquist, CK (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM clifton.fagerquist@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 23 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0003-2654 EI 1364-5528 J9 ANALYST JI Analyst PY 2011 VL 136 IS 8 BP 1739 EP 1746 DI 10.1039/c0an00909a PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 741LA UT WOS:000288864000030 PM 21336382 ER PT J AU Xu, ZL Wang, H Shen, YD Nichkova, M Lei, HT Beier, RC Zheng, WX Yang, JY She, ZG Sun, YM AF Xu, Zhen-Lin Wang, Hong Shen, Yu-Dong Nichkova, Mikaela Lei, Hong-Tao Beier, Ross C. Zheng, Wen-Xu Yang, Jin-Yi She, Zhi-Gang Sun, Yuan-Ming TI Conformational changes of hapten-protein conjugates resulting in improved broad-specificity and sensitivity of an ELISA for organophosphorus pesticides SO ANALYST LA English DT Article ID WEIGHT FOOD CONTAMINANTS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; IMMUNOCHEMICAL DETERMINATION; SULFONAMIDE ANTIBIOTICS; THEORETICAL-MODELS; SMALL MOLECULES; IMMUNOASSAY; DESIGN; ASSAY; ACID AB The type of hapten linkage to a carrier protein can play an important role in determining the nature of the resulting antibody response. Generic haptens using three types of linkers were synthesized (a monocarboxylic acid, an unsaturated hydrocarbon and a carboxamido spacer). These haptens were conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) and used as immunogens to produce broad-specificity monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to organophosphorus pesticides (OPs). Three-dimensional (3D) structures of hapten-lysine conjugates were optimized using molecular modeling (MM) to mimic conformations of hapten-BSA conjugates. The results from MM studies revealed a change of the 3D conformation and electrostatic potential of hapten 1 when the monocarboxylic acid linker was coupled to lysine. This result was consistent with the observed high-cross-reactivity of the corresponding MAb-H1 for the OPs. The competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on MAb-H1 is ideally suited to be used as a screening method for OP contaminants. C1 [Xu, Zhen-Lin; Wang, Hong; Shen, Yu-Dong; Lei, Hong-Tao; Zheng, Wen-Xu; Yang, Jin-Yi; Sun, Yuan-Ming] S China Agr Univ, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Food Qual & Safety, Coll Food Sci, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Beier, Ross C.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [She, Zhi-Gang] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Sun, YM (reprint author), S China Agr Univ, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Food Qual & Safety, Coll Food Sci, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM ymsun@scau.edu.cn RI Lei, Hongtao/F-8618-2011; Lei, Hongtao/A-2532-2014 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [20877029, 30901005]; Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province [2009B011300005, 2009A020101004, cgzhzd0808] FX We acknowledge the financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20877029 and 30901005), and the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (2009B011300005, 2009A020101004 and cgzhzd0808). NR 33 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 23 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0003-2654 EI 1364-5528 J9 ANALYST JI Analyst PY 2011 VL 136 IS 12 BP 2512 EP 2520 DI 10.1039/c1an15053g PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 771ND UT WOS:000291164900011 PM 21519631 ER PT J AU Sander, LC Sharpless, KE Wise, SA Nelson, BC Phinney, KW Porter, BJ Rimmer, CA Thomas, JB Wood, LJ Yen, JH Duewer, DL Atkinson, R Chen, P Goldschmidt, R Wolf, WR Ho, IP Betz, JM AF Sander, L. C. Sharpless, K. E. Wise, S. A. Nelson, B. C. Phinney, K. W. Porter, B. J. Rimmer, C. A. Thomas, J. B. Wood, L. J. Yen, J. H. Duewer, D. L. Atkinson, R. Chen, P. Goldschmidt, R. Wolf, W. R. Ho, I. -P. Betz, J. M. TI Certification of Vitamins and Carotenoids in SRM 3280 Multivitamin/Multielement Tablets SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; STANDARD REFERENCE MATERIALS; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ISOTOPE DILUTION ASSAYS; WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMINS; DIETARY-SUPPLEMENTS; PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS; PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE; FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; MULTIVITAMIN TABLETS AB A new multivitamin/multielement dietary supplement Standard Reference Material (SRM) has been issued by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), with certified and reference concentration values for 13 vitamins, 24 elements, and 2 carotenoids. The constituents have been measured by multiple analytical methods with data contributed by NIST and by collaborating laboratories. This effort included the first use of isotope dilution mass spectrometry for value assignment of both fat-soluble vitamins (FSVs) and water-soluble vitamins (WSVs). Excellent agreement was obtained among the methods, with relative expanded uncertainties for the certified concentration values typically ranging from <2% to 15% for vitamins. C1 [Sander, L. C.; Sharpless, K. E.; Wise, S. A.; Phinney, K. W.; Porter, B. J.; Rimmer, C. A.; Thomas, J. B.; Wood, L. J.; Duewer, D. L.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Nelson, B. C.] NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Yen, J. H.] NIST, Stat Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Atkinson, R.; Chen, P.; Goldschmidt, R.; Wolf, W. R.] USDA, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ho, I. -P.] GMA, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Betz, J. M.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Sander, LC (reprint author), NIST, Div Analyt Chem, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8311, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. FU National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements; National Institute of Standards and Technology FX Partial funding for this work was provided by the National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements. Certain commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are identified in this report to specify adequately the experimental procedure. Such identification does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology or other governmental agency, nor does it imply that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose. NR 36 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JAN 1 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 1 BP 99 EP 108 DI 10.1021/ac101953u PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 698DB UT WOS:000285570600016 PM 21128589 ER PT J AU Kim, JH Chan, KL Mahoney, N Campbell, BC AF Kim, Jong H. Chan, Kathleen L. Mahoney, Noreen Campbell, Bruce C. TI Antifungal activity of redox-active benzaldehydes that target cellular antioxidation SO ANNALS OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND ANTIMICROBIALS LA English DT Article AB Background: Disruption of cellular antioxidation systems should be an effective method for control of fungal pathogens. Such disruption can be achieved with redox-active compounds. Natural phenolic compounds can serve as potent redox cyclers that inhibit microbial growth through destabilization of cellular redox homeostasis and/or antioxidation systems. The aim of this study was to identify benzaldehydes that disrupt the fungal antioxidation system. These compounds could then function as chemosensitizing agents in concert with conventional drugs or fungicides to improve antifungal efficacy. Methods: Benzaldehydes were tested as natural antifungal agents against strains of Aspergillus fumigatus, A. flavus, A. terreus and Penicillium expansum, fungi that are causative agents of human invasive aspergillosis and/or are mycotoxigenic. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was also used as a model system for identifying gene targets of benzaldehydes. The efficacy of screened compounds as effective chemosensitizers or as antifungal agents in formulations was tested with methods outlined by the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Results: Several benzaldehydes are identified having potent antifungal activity. Structure-activity analysis reveals that antifungal activity increases by the presence of an ortho-hydroxyl group in the aromatic ring. Use of deletion mutants in the oxidative stress-response pathway of S. cerevisiae (sod1 Delta, sod2 Delta, glr1 Delta) and two mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) mutants of A. fumigatus (sakA Delta, mpkC Delta), indicates antifungal activity of the benzaldehydes is through disruption of cellular antioxidation. Certain benzaldehydes, in combination with phenylpyrroles, overcome tolerance of A. fumigatus MAPK mutants to this agent and/or increase sensitivity of fungal pathogens to mitochondrial respiration inhibitory agents. Synergistic chemosensitization greatly lowers minimum inhibitory (MIC) or fungicidal (MFC) concentrations. Effective inhibition of fungal growth can also be achieved using combinations of these benzaldehydes. Conclusions: Natural benzaldehydes targeting cellular antioxidation components of fungi, such as superoxide dismutases, glutathione reductase, etc., effectively inhibit fungal growth. They possess antifungal or chemosensitizing capacity to enhance efficacy of conventional antifungal agents. Chemosensitization can reduce costs, abate resistance, and alleviate negative side effects associated with current antifungal treatments. C1 [Kim, Jong H.; Chan, Kathleen L.; Mahoney, Noreen; Campbell, Bruce C.] ARS, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Campbell, BC (reprint author), ARS, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM bruce.campbell@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS Project [5325-42000-035-00D] FX This research was conducted under USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5325-42000-035-00D. We thank Dr. Gregory S. May at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX for kindly providing us A. fumigatus sakA Delta and mpkC Delta strains. We also thank Dr. Arunmozhi Balajee at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA for kindly providing us A. terreus strains. NR 77 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 11 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-0711 J9 ANN CLIN MICROB ANTI JI Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob. PY 2011 VL 10 AR 23 DI 10.1186/1476-0711-10-23 PG 16 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA V28AZ UT WOS:000208655000023 PM 21627838 ER PT J AU Baer, D Gebauer, S Novotny, J AF Baer, D. Gebauer, S. Novotny, J. TI Energy content of almonds measured in healthy humans SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Almonds; energy; digestibility; absorption C1 [Baer, D.; Gebauer, S.; Novotny, J.] ARS, Beltville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2011 VL 58 SU 3 BP 3 EP 4 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 861IF UT WOS:000298011900008 ER PT S AU Gehring, AG Tu, SI AF Gehring, Andrew G. Tu, Shu-I BE Cooks, RG Yeung, ES TI High-Throughput Biosensors for Multiplexed Food-Borne Pathogen Detection SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL 4 SE Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE biorecognition; filtration; microarray; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; time-resolved fluorescence ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; ADDRESSABLE POTENTIOMETRIC SENSOR; TIME-RESOLVED FLUOROIMMUNOASSAY; IN-GROUND BEEF; ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; QUARTZ-CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE; BIOLOGICAL THREAT AGENTS; GENOME DNA MICROARRAY; LABEL-FREE DETECTION; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES AB Incidental contamination of foods by pathogenic bacteria and/or their toxins is a serious threat to public health and the global economy. The presence of food-borne pathogens and toxins must be rapidly determined at various stages of food production, processing, and distribution. Producers, processors, regulators, retailers, and public health professionals need simple and cost-effective methods to detect different species or serotypes of bacteria and associated toxins in large numbers of food samples. This review addresses the desire to replace traditional microbiological plate culture with more timely and less cumbersome rapid, biosensor-based methods. Emphasis focuses on high-throughput, multiplexed techniques that allow for simultaneous testing of numerous samples, in rapid succession, for multiple food-borne analytes (primarily pathogenic bacteria and/or toxins). C1 [Gehring, Andrew G.; Tu, Shu-I] ARS, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Gehring, AG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM andrew.gehring@ars.usda.gov; shui.tu@ars.usda.gov NR 140 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 10 U2 52 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 1936-1327 BN 978-0-8243-4404-7 J9 ANNU REV ANAL CHEM JI Annu. Rev. Anal. Chem. PY 2011 VL 4 BP 151 EP 172 DI 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061010-114010 PG 22 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA BVY60 UT WOS:000293148400008 PM 21689045 ER PT S AU Lietze, VU Abd-Alla, AMM Vreysen, MJB Geden, CJ Boucias, DG AF Lietze, Verena-Ulrike Abd-Alla, Adly M. M. Vreysen, Marc J. B. Geden, Christopher J. Boucias, Drion G. BE Berenbaum, MR Carde, RT Robinson, GE TI Salivary Gland Hypertrophy Viruses: A Novel Group of Insect Pathogenic Viruses SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY, VOL 56 SE Annual Review of Entomology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE insect DNA virus; Hytrosaviridae; Diptera; pathology; sterilizing effect; sterile insect technique ID GLOSSINA-MORSITANS-MORSITANS; MUSCA-DOMESTICA DIPTERA; HOUSE-FLIES DIPTERA; DNA VIRUS; TSETSE-FLIES; CENTRALIS DIPTERA; ULTRASTRUCTURAL-CHANGES; ENTOMOPHTHORA-MUSCAE; POULTRY FACILITIES; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA AB Salivary gland hypertrophy viruses (SGHVs) are a unique, unclassified group of entomopathogenic, double-stranded DNA viruses that have been reported from three genera of Diptera. These viruses replicate in nuclei of salivary gland cells in adult flies, inducing gland enlargement with little obvious external disease symptoms. Viral infection inhibits reproduction by suppressing vitellogenesis, causing testicular aberrations, and/or disrupting mating behavior. Historical and present research findings support a recent proposal of a new virus family, the Hytrosaviridae. This review describes the discovery and prevalence of different SGHVs, summarizes their biochemical characterization and taxonomy, compares morphological and histopathological properties, and details transmission routes and the influence of infection on host biology and reproduction. In addition, the potential use of SGHVs as sterilizing agents for house fly control and the deleterious impact of SGHVs on colonized tsetse flies reared for sterile insect technique are discussed. C1 [Lietze, Verena-Ulrike; Boucias, Drion G.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Abd-Alla, Adly M. M.; Vreysen, Marc J. B.] Joint FAO IAEA Program Nucl Tech Food & Agr, Insect Pest Control Lab, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. [Geden, Christopher J.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Lietze, VU (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM vlietze@ufl.edu; A.M.M.Abd-Alla@iaea.org; m.vreysen@iaea.org; chris.geden@ars.usda.gov; pathos@ufl.edu OI ABD-ALLA, Adly/0000-0001-7540-4462 NR 89 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 12 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0066-4170 BN 978-0-8243-0156-9 J9 ANNU REV ENTOMOL JI Annu. Rev. Entomol. PY 2011 VL 56 BP 63 EP 80 DI 10.1146/annurev-ento-120709-144841 PG 18 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BTF65 UT WOS:000286841900004 PM 20662722 ER PT S AU Pitts-Singer, TL Cane, JH AF Pitts-Singer, Theresa L. Cane, James H. BE Berenbaum, MR Carde, RT Robinson, GE TI The Alfalfa Leafcutting Bee, Megachile rotundata: The World's Most Intensively Managed Solitary Bee SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY, VOL 56 SE Annual Review of Entomology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE Apoidea; bivoltinism; chalkbrood; Fabaceae; pollination; Megachilidae ID LEAF-CUTTER BEE; EUTRICHARAEA HYMENOPTERA-MEGACHILIDAE; LOWBUSH BLUEBERRY ERICACEAE; SEX-RATIO; ASCOSPHAERA-AGGREGATA; OSMIA-LIGNARIA; INCUBATION TEMPERATURES; POTENTIAL POLLINATOR; RESOURCE-ALLOCATION; NEST ESTABLISHMENT AB The alfalfa leafcutting bee (ALCB), Megachile rotundata F. (Megachildae), was accidentally introduced into the United States by the 1940s. Nest management of this Eurasian nonsocial pollinator transformed the alfalfa seed industry in North America, tripling seed production. The most common ALCB management practice is the loose cell system, in which cocooned bees are removed from nesting cavities for cleaning and storage. Traits of ALCBs that favored their commercialization include gregarious nesting; use of leaves for lining nests; ready acceptance of affordable, mass-produced nesting materials; alfalfa pollination efficacy; and emergence synchrony with alfalfa bloom. The ALCB became a commercial success because much of its natural history was understood, targeted research was pursued, and producer ingenuity was encouraged. The ALCB presents a model system for commercializing other solitary bees and for advancing new testable hypotheses in diverse biological disciplines. C1 [Pitts-Singer, Theresa L.; Cane, James H.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Pitts-Singer, TL (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM Theresa.Pitts-Singer@ars.usda.gov; Jim.Cane@ars.usda.gov NR 150 TC 61 Z9 65 U1 7 U2 78 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0066-4170 BN 978-0-8243-0156-9 J9 ANNU REV ENTOMOL JI Annu. Rev. Entomol. PY 2011 VL 56 BP 221 EP 237 DI 10.1146/annurev-ento-120709-144836 PG 17 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BTF65 UT WOS:000286841900012 PM 20809804 ER PT S AU Chmielewski, R Swayne, DE AF Chmielewski, Revis Swayne, David E. BE Doyle, MP Klaenhammer, TR TI Avian Influenza: Public Health and Food Safety Concerns SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL 2 SE Annual Review of Food Science and Technology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE bird flu; high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI); low pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI); H5N1; H7N7 ID NEWCASTLE-DISEASE VIRUSES; A H5N1 INFECTION; HONG-KONG; THERMAL INACTIVATION; UNITED-STATES; CHICKEN MEAT; COMMERCIAL POULTRY; NATURAL OUTBREAK; WILD BIRDS; DUCK MEAT AB Avian influenza (AI) is a disease or asymptomatic infection caused by Influenzavirus A. AI viruses are species specific and rarely cross the species barrier. However, subtypes H5, H7, and H9 have caused sporadic infections in humans, mostly as a result of direct contact with infected birds. H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) virus causes a rapid onset of severe viral pneumonia and is highly fatal (60% mortality). Outbreaks of AI could have a severe economic and social impact on the poultry industry, trade, and public health. Surveillance data revealed that H5N1 HPAI has been detected in imported frozen cluck meat from Asia, and on the surface and in contaminated eggs. However, there is no direct evidence that AI viruses can be transmitted to humans via the consumption of contaminated poultry products. Implementing management practices that incorporate biosecurity principles, personal hygiene, and cleaning and disinfection protocols, as well as cooking and processing standards, are effective means of controlling the spread of the AI viruses. C1 [Chmielewski, Revis; Swayne, David E.] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Chmielewski, R (reprint author), ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM David.Swayne@ars.usda.gov NR 101 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 36 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 1941-1413 BN 978-0-8243-4902-8 J9 ANNU REV FOOD SCI T JI Annu. Rev. Food Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 2 BP 37 EP 57 DI 10.1146/annurev-food-022510-133710 PG 21 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BUK90 UT WOS:000289693000003 PM 22129374 ER PT S AU Cox, NA Cason, JA Richardson, LJ AF Cox, N. A. Cason, J. A. Richardson, L. J. BE Doyle, MP Klaenhammer, TR TI Minimization of Salmonella Contamination on Raw Poultry SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL 2 SE Annual Review of Food Science and Technology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE sampling; cultural methodology; prevalence; enumeration; serotype; risk ID PRELIMINARY FOODNET DATA; RINSE SAMPLING METHODS; BROILER SUPPLY CHAIN; SOURCE ATTRIBUTION; REFERENCE LABORATORIES; SEROTYPE DISTRIBUTION; CROSS-CONTAMINATION; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; CAMPYLOBACTER SPP.; EXPERT ELICITATION AB Many reviews have discussed Salmonella in poultry and suggested best practices to minimize this organism on raw poultry meat. Despite years of research and conscientious control efforts by industry and regulatory agencies, human sahnonellosis rates have declined only modestly and Salmonella is still found on raw poultry. Expert committees have repeatedly emphasized the importance of controlling risk, but information about Salmonella in poultry is often limited to prevalence, with inadequate information about testing methods or strains of Salmonella that are detected by these methods and no information about any impact on the: degree of risk. This review examines some assumptions behind the discussion of Salmonella in poultry: the relationships between sampling and cultural methodology, prevalence and numbers of cells, and the implications of serotype and subtype issues. Minimizing Salmonella contamination of poultry is not likely to reduce human salmonellosis acquired from exposure to contaminated chicken until these issues are confronted more systematically. C1 [Cox, N. A.; Cason, J. A.; Richardson, L. J.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Cox, NA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM nelson.cox@ars.usda.gov; john.cason@ars.usda.gov; jasonrichardson31@gmail.com NR 128 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 12 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 1941-1413 BN 978-0-8243-4902-8 J9 ANNU REV FOOD SCI T JI Annu. Rev. Food Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 2 BP 75 EP 95 DI 10.1146/annurev-food-022510-133715 PG 21 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BUK90 UT WOS:000289693000005 PM 22129376 ER PT S AU Johanningsmeier, SD Harris, GK AF Johanningsmeier, Suzanne D. Harris, G. Keith BE Doyle, MP Klaenhammer, TR TI Pomegranate as a Functional Food and Nutraceutical Source SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL 2 SE Annual Review of Food Science and Technology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE antioxidant; ellagitannin; urolithin; cancer; cardiovascular health; diabetes ID ULTRAVIOLET-INDUCED PIGMENTATION; HUMAN EPIDERMAL-KERATINOCYTES; GRANATUM FRUIT EXTRACTS; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; PROSTATE-CANCER CELLS; DIABETIC FATTY RATS; HUMAN BREAST-CANCER; NF-KAPPA-B AB Pomegranate, a fruit native to the Middle East, has gained widespread popularity as a functional food and nutraceutical source. The health effects of the whole fruit, as well as its juices and extracts, have been studied in relation to a variety of chronic diseases. Promising results against cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and prostate cancer have been reported from human clinical trials. The in vitro antioxidant activity of pomegranate has been attributed to its high polyphenolic content, specifically punicalagins, punicalins, gallagic acid, and ellagic acid. These compounds are metabolized during digestion to ellagic acid and urolithins, suggesting that the bioactive compounds that provide in vivo antioxidant activity may not be the same as those present in the whole food. Anthocyanins and the unique fatty acid profile of the seed oil may also play a role in pomegranate's health effects. A more complete characterization of pomegranate components and their physiological fate may provide mechanistic insight into the potential health benefits observed in clinical trials. C1 [Johanningsmeier, Suzanne D.; Harris, G. Keith] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Johanningsmeier, Suzanne D.] ARS, USDA, Food Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Harris, GK (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM sdjohann@ncsu.edu; gkharris@ncsu.edu NR 123 TC 62 Z9 67 U1 13 U2 69 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 1941-1413 BN 978-0-8243-4902-8 J9 ANNU REV FOOD SCI T JI Annu. Rev. Food Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 2 BP 181 EP 201 DI 10.1146/annurev-food-030810-153709 PG 21 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BUK90 UT WOS:000289693000009 PM 22129380 ER PT S AU Abrams, SA AF Abrams, Steven A. BE Cousins, RJ Bier, DM Bowman, BA TI What Are the Risks and Benefits to Increasing Dietary Bone Minerals and Vitamin D Intake in Infants and Small Children? SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUTRITION, VOL 31 SE Annual Review of Nutrition LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE calcium; vitamin D; bone mineral; Dietary Reference Intakes ID 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D LEVELS; BREAST-FED INFANTS; CALCIUM SUPPLEMENTATION; BODY-COMPOSITION; D DEFICIENCY; ABSORPTION; PREGNANCY; RICKETS; DENSITY; TRIAL AB Bone minerals and vitamin D are crucial for infants and small children. Human milk has little vitamin D, and supplemental vitamin D must be given to all infants either via drops or as contained in infant formula or foods. The calcium and phosphorus in human milk are adequate for infants in the first six months of life, with supplemental minerals coming from weaning foods after six months. Long-term benefits to providing bone minerals at greater levels than in human milk have not been shown. There is no evidence to support high-dose bone mineral supplementation or high-dose vitamin D supplementation in infancy, and controlled trials are needed before these can be advocated. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Abrams, SA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM sabrams@bcm.edu OI Abrams, Steven/0000-0003-4972-9233 NR 36 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 13 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0199-9885 BN 978-0-8243-2831-3 J9 ANNU REV NUTR JI Annu. Rev. Nutr. PY 2011 VL 31 BP 285 EP 297 DI 10.1146/annurev-nutr-072610-145216 PG 13 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA BWR85 UT WOS:000294692100014 PM 21370980 ER PT S AU Grunwald, NJ Goss, EM AF Gruenwald, Niklaus J. Goss, Erica M. BE VanAlfen, NK Bruening, G Leach, JE TI Evolution and Population Genetics of Exotic and Re-Emerging Pathogens: Novel Tools and Approaches SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY, VOL 49 SE Annual Review of Phytopathology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE coalescent; genealogy; invasive pathogen; population structure; maximum likelihood; Bayesian inference ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD-ESTIMATION; SUDDEN OAK DEATH; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; MONTE-CARLO APPROACH; PHYTOPHTHORA-RAMORUM; RECOMBINATION RATES; MIGRATION RATES; MYCOSPHAERELLA-GRAMINICOLA; COALESCENT APPROACH; CLONAL LINEAGES AB Given human population growth and accelerated global trade, the rate of emergence of exotic plant pathogens is bound to increase. Understanding the processes that lead to the emergence of new pathogens can help manage emerging epidemics. Novel tools for analyzing population genetic variation can be used to infer the evolutionary history of populations or species, allowing for the unprecedented reconstruction of the demographic history of pathogens. Specifically, recent advances in the application of coalescent, maximum likelihood (ML), and Bayesian methods to population genetic data combined with increasing availability of affordable sequencing and parallel computing have created the opportunity to apply these methods to a broad range of questions regarding the evolution of emerging pathogens. These approaches are particularly powerful when used to test multiple competing hypotheses. We provide several examples illustrating how coalescent analysis provides critical insights into understanding migration pathways as well as processes of divergence, speciation, and recombination. C1 [Gruenwald, Niklaus J.; Goss, Erica M.] ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Gruenwald, Niklaus J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Gruenwald, Niklaus J.] Oregon State Univ, Ctr Genome Res & Biocomp, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Grunwald, NJ (reprint author), ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM Nik.Grunwald@ars.usda.gov; emgoss@ufl.edu RI Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013; Goss, Erica/H-7020-2014 OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602; NR 105 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 3 U2 33 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0066-4286 BN 978-0-8243-1349-4 J9 ANNU REV PHYTOPATHOL JI Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. PY 2011 VL 49 BP 249 EP 267 DI 10.1146/annurev-phyto-072910-095246 PG 19 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BWT50 UT WOS:000294828400013 PM 21370974 ER PT S AU Singh, RP Hodson, DP Huerta-Espino, J Jin, Y Bhavani, S Njau, P Herrera-Foessel, S Singh, PK Singh, S Govindan, V AF Singh, Ravi P. Hodson, David P. Huerta-Espino, Julio Jin, Yue Bhavani, Sridhar Njau, Peter Herrera-Foessel, Sybil Singh, Pawan K. Singh, Sukhwinder Govindan, Velu BE VanAlfen, NK Bruening, G Leach, JE TI The Emergence of Ug99 Races of the Stem Rust Fungus is a Threat to World Wheat Production SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY, VOL 49 SE Annual Review of Phytopathology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE Triticum aestivum; Puccinia graminis; resistance; epidemiology ID F-SP TRITICI; PUCCINIA-GRAMINIS; RESISTANCE GENES; COMMON WHEAT; SOUTH-AFRICA; LEAF RUST; VIRULENCE; TTKS; SR31; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Race Ug99 of the fungus Puccinia graminis tritici that causes stem or black rust disease on wheat was first detected in Uganda in 1998. Seven races belonging to the Ug99 lineage are now known and have spread to various wheat-growing countries in the eastern African highlands, as well as Zimbabwe, South Africa, Sudan, Yemen, and Iran. Because of the susceptibility of 90% of the wheat varieties grown worldwide, the Ug99 group of races was recognized as a major threat to wheat production and food security. Its spread, either wind-mediated or human-aided, to other countries in Africa, Asia, and beyond is evident. Screening in Kenya and Ethiopia has identified a low frequency of resistant wheat varieties and breeding materials. Identification and transfer of new sources of race-specific resistance from various wheat relatives is underway to enhance the diversity of resistance. Although new Ug99-resistant varieties that yield more than current popular varieties are being released and promoted, major efforts are required to displace current Ug99 susceptible varieties with varieties that have diverse race-specific or durable resistance and mitigate the Ug99 threat. C1 [Singh, Ravi P.; Herrera-Foessel, Sybil; Singh, Pawan K.; Singh, Sukhwinder; Govindan, Velu] Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr CIMMYT, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico. [Hodson, David P.] FAO, I-00153 Rome, Italy. [Huerta-Espino, Julio] INIFAP CEVAMEX, Chapingo 56230, Mexico. [Jin, Yue] ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bhavani, Sridhar] CIMMYT, Nairobi 000621, Kenya. RP Singh, RP (reprint author), Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr CIMMYT, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico. EM r.singh@cgiar.org OI bhavani, sridhar/0000-0002-4091-2608 NR 53 TC 170 Z9 181 U1 20 U2 141 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0066-4286 BN 978-0-8243-1349-4 J9 ANNU REV PHYTOPATHOL JI Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. PY 2011 VL 49 BP 465 EP 481 DI 10.1146/annurev-phyto-072910-095423 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BWT50 UT WOS:000294828400022 PM 21568701 ER PT J AU Kurtzman, CP AF Kurtzman, Cletus P. TI Phylogeny of the ascomycetous yeasts and the renaming of Pichia anomala to Wickerhamomyces anomalus SO ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL AND MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Pichia anomala; Wickerhamomyces anomalus; Biocontrol yeasts; Phylogeny ID METHANOL-ASSIMILATING YEASTS; MULTIGENE SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; GEN. NOV.; PROPOSAL; GENERA; SYSTEMATICS; SACCHAROMYCETACEAE; DEBARYOMYCES; WILLIOPSIS; HANSENULA AB In this review, the phylogeny of the ascomycetous yeasts is discussed, with emphasis on the genus Pichia and its synonym Hansenula. The genus Pichia, as defined from phenotype, had nearly 100 assigned species, but the number of species has been reduced to 20 following phylogenetic circumscription on Pichia membranifaciens, the type species of the genus. The remaining species of Pichia have been reassigned to 20 different genera, many of which are newly described, such as Wickerhamomyces. The reason for reclassification of Pichia anomala in the genus Wickerhamomyces is discussed. C1 [Kurtzman, Cletus P.] ARS, Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Kurtzman, CP (reprint author), ARS, Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM cletus.kurtzman@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-6072 J9 ANTON LEEUW INT J G JI Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek PD JAN PY 2011 VL 99 IS 1 BP 13 EP 23 DI 10.1007/s10482-010-9505-6 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 709TB UT WOS:000286463200003 PM 20838888 ER PT J AU Yamazaki, A Li, J Hutchins, WC Wang, LX Ma, JC Ibekwe, AM Yang, CH AF Yamazaki, Akihiro Li, Jin Hutchins, William C. Wang, Lixia Ma, Jincai Ibekwe, A. Mark Yang, Ching-Hong TI Commensal Effect of Pectate Lyases Secreted from Dickeya dadantii on Proliferation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 EDL933 on Lettuce Leaves SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CAROTOVORA SUBSP CAROTOVORA; ERWINIA-CHRYSANTHEMI; III SECRETION; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE; CONTROLS EXPRESSION; VIRULENCE FACTORS; STATIONARY-PHASE; ALFALFA SPROUTS; RNA-POLYMERASE AB The outbreaks caused by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 on leafy greens have raised serious and immediate food safety concerns. It has been suggested that several phytopathogens aid in the persistence and proliferation of the human enteropathogens in the phyllosphere. In this work, we examined the influence of virulence mechanisms of Dickeya dadantii 3937, a broad-host-range phytopathogen, on the proliferation of the human pathogen E. coli O157: H7 EDL933 (EDL933) on postharvest lettuce by coinoculation of EDL933 with D. dadantii 3937 derivatives that have mutations in virulence-related genes. A type II secretion system (T2SS)-deficient mutant of D. dadantii 3937, A1919 (Delta outC), lost the capability to promote the multiplication of EDL933, whereas Ech159 (Delta rpoS), a stress-responsive sigma factor RpoS-deficient mutant, increased EDL933 proliferation on lettuce leaves. A spectrophotometric enzyme activity assay revealed that A1919 (Delta outC) was completely deficient in the secretion of pectate lyases (Pels), which play a major role in plant tissue maceration. In contrast to A1919 (Delta outC), Ech159 (Delta rpoS) showed more than 2-fold-greater Pel activity than the wild-type D. dadantii 3937. Increased expression of pelD (encodes an endo-pectate lyase) was observed in Ech159 (Delta rpoS) in planta. These results suggest that the pectinolytic activity of D. dadantii 3937 is the dominant determinant of enhanced EDL933 proliferation on the lettuce leaves. In addition, RpoS, the general stress response sigma factor involved in cell survival in suboptimal conditions, plays a role in EDL933 proliferation by controlling the production of pectate lyases in D. dadantii 3937. C1 [Yamazaki, Akihiro; Hutchins, William C.; Yang, Ching-Hong] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. [Li, Jin; Wang, Lixia] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. [Ma, Jincai; Ibekwe, A. Mark] ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Yang, CH (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. EM chyang@uwm.edu RI Ma, Jincai/D-1290-2013; Yamazaki, Akihiro/C-7418-2017 OI Ma, Jincai/0000-0002-0792-0251; Yamazaki, Akihiro/0000-0002-7848-2594 FU CSREES NIFA [2008-35201-18709]; Research Growth Initiative of the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee FX This project is supported by grants from the CSREES NIFA (agreement no. 2008-35201-18709) and the Research Growth Initiative of the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. NR 59 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 77 IS 1 BP 156 EP 162 DI 10.1128/AEM.01079-10 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 697WK UT WOS:000285550300017 PM 21075884 ER PT J AU Noh, SM Ueti, MW Palmer, GH Munderloh, UG Felsheim, RF Brayton, KA AF Noh, Susan M. Ueti, Massaro W. Palmer, Guy H. Munderloh, Ulrike G. Felsheim, Roderick F. Brayton, Kelly A. TI Stability and Tick Transmission Phenotype of gfp-Transformed Anaplasma marginale through a Complete In Vivo Infection Cycle SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MALE DERMACENTOR-ANDERSONI; OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEINS; TRANSPOSON MUTAGENESIS; RICKETTSIA-PROWAZEKII; FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; SALIVARY-GLANDS; CATTLE; EXPRESSION; SURFACE; PCR AB We tested the stability and tick transmission phenotype of transformed Anaplasma marginale through a complete in vivo infection cycle. Similar to the wild type, the gfp-transformed A. marginale strain established infection in cattle, a natural reservoir host, and persisted in immune competent animals. The tick infection rates for the transformed A. marginale and the wild type were the same. However, there were significantly lower levels of the transformed A. marginale than of the wild type in the tick. Despite the lower levels of replication, ticks transmitted the transformant. Transformants can serve as valuable tools to dissect the molecular requirements of tick colonization and pathogen transmission. C1 [Noh, Susan M.; Ueti, Massaro W.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Palmer, Guy H.; Brayton, Kelly A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Program Vector Borne Dis, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Palmer, Guy H.; Brayton, Kelly A.] Washington State Univ, Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Munderloh, Ulrike G.; Felsheim, Roderick F.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Noh, SM (reprint author), ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM snoh@vetmed.wsu.edu FU NIH [R01 AI 44005]; USDA-ARS CRIS [5348-32000-027-00D]; USDA CSREES [35604-15440]; Wellcome Trust [GR075800M] FX This work was supported by NIH R01 AI 44005, USDA-ARS CRIS 5348-32000-027-00D, USDA CSREES 35604-15440, and The Wellcome Trust (GR075800M). NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 77 IS 1 BP 330 EP 334 DI 10.1128/AEM.02096-10 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 697WK UT WOS:000285550300037 PM 21057014 ER PT J AU Feng, PCH Councell, T Keys, C Monday, SR AF Feng, Peter C. H. Councell, Terry Keys, Christine Monday, Steven R. TI Virulence Characterization of Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli Isolates from Wholesale Produce SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; ENTEROCYTE EFFACEMENT; MULTIPLEX PCR; STRAINS; CATTLE; LOCUS; SEROTYPES; SAA; O113-H21; BRAZIL AB The 13 Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) strains isolated from wholesale spinach and lettuce consisted mostly of serotypes that have not been implicated in illness. Among these strains, however, were two O113:H21 that carried virulence genes common to this pathogenic serotype (stx(2), ehxA, saa, and subAB), suggesting that their presence in ready-to-eat produce may be of health concern. C1 [Feng, Peter C. H.; Keys, Christine; Monday, Steven R.] US FDA, Div Microbiol, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Councell, Terry] Agr Mkt Serv, USDA, Manassas, VA USA. RP Feng, PCH (reprint author), US FDA, Div Microbiol, HFS-711,5100 Paint Branch Pkwy, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM peter.feng@fda.hhs.gov NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 77 IS 1 BP 343 EP 345 DI 10.1128/AEM.01872-10 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 697WK UT WOS:000285550300040 PM 21057025 ER PT J AU Butkus, MA Hughes, KT Bowman, DD Liotta, JL Jenkins, MB Labare, MP AF Butkus, Michael A. Hughes, Kelly T. Bowman, Dwight D. Liotta, Janice L. Jenkins, Michael B. Labare, Michael P. TI Inactivation of Ascaris suum by Short-Chain Fatty Acids SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-ACIDS; TOXICITY; GROWTH; EGGS; INHIBITION; MORTALITY; OVA; PH AB Ascaris suum eggs were inactivated in distilled water and digested sludge by butanoic, pentanoic, and hexanoic acids. The fatty acids (short-chain fatty acids [SCFA]) were effective only when protonated and at sufficient concentrations. The conjugate bases were not effective at the concentrations evaluated. Predictions from an inhibition model (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50]) based on quantitative structure-activity relationships were congruent with inactivation data. C1 [Labare, Michael P.] US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Butkus, Michael A.] US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Hughes, Kelly T.; Bowman, Dwight D.; Liotta, Janice L.] Cornell Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Coll Vet Med, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Jenkins, Michael B.] USDA ARS, Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. RP Labare, MP (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM Michael.Labare@usma.edu FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX This project was partially supported by a grant from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency. NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 77 IS 1 BP 363 EP 366 DI 10.1128/AEM.01675-10 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 697WK UT WOS:000285550300044 PM 21057018 ER PT J AU Park, TA Davis, EE AF Park, Timothy A. Davis, Elizabeth E. TI Productivity and efficiency impacts of human resources practices in food retailing SO APPLIED ECONOMICS LA English DT Article ID FIRM-LEVEL; INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY; MANAGEMENT; GROWTH; TRADE; WAGES AB Data from an annual survey of US supermarkets including detailed information on store characteristics, operations, and performance are used to develop an index of Human Resource (HR) practices for food retailers. A stochastic frontier analysis demonstrates that HR policies have a positive impact on value added in food retailing establishments while efficiency is not adversely influenced by HR practices. Managerial implications of the model link technical inefficiency estimates for retailers to slight declines in store level gross margins. Evaluated on the basis of technical efficiency, retailers choosing a portfolio of HR practices that score high on the HR index are able to match the performance of competitors pursuing an alternative low HR strategy. C1 [Park, Timothy A.] ERS, Food Mkt Branch, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Davis, Elizabeth E.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Park, TA (reprint author), ERS, Food Mkt Branch, USDA, 1800 M St NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM tapark@ers.usda.gov NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 8 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0003-6846 J9 APPL ECON JI Appl. Econ. PY 2011 VL 43 IS 30 BP 4689 EP 4697 DI 10.1080/00036846.2010.498348 PG 9 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 860XY UT WOS:000297983000004 ER PT J AU Chang, HH Mishra, AK Livingston, M AF Chang, Hung-Hao Mishra, Ashok K. Livingston, Michael TI Agricultural policy and its impact on fuel usage: Empirical evidence from farm household analysis SO APPLIED ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Crop insurance; Off-farm work; Fuel expenses; Farm household; Quantile regression; Agricultural policy ID MORAL HAZARD; REVENUE INSURANCE; CROP INSURANCE; CHEMICAL USE; REGRESSION; LABOR AB Off-farm work is a growing reality in the US agricultural sector as a whole. Another staple program in the US agriculture is the use of crop insurance. This paper assesses hitherto unaddressed issues of fuel consumption and hence pollution generated by farm households associated with off-farm work and crop insurance. We applied a quantile regression method on a unique national farm-level survey data to address the fuel consumption issues. Results indicate that off-farm work by operators tends to decrease fuel expenses. In contrast, households with crop insurance had higher fuel consumption thereby increasing fuel usage. Finally, our study shows that the net effect of these two activities resulted in an increase in the pollution level. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chang, Hung-Hao] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Agr Econ, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Mishra, Ashok K.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Agr Econ & Agribusiness, Ag Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Livingston, Michael] ERS, Prod Econ & Technol Branch, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Chang, HH (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Agr Econ, 1 Roosevelt Rd,Sec 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. EM hunghaochang@ntu.edu.tw; amishra@lsu.edu; mlivingston@ers.usda.gov OI Mishra, Ashok/0000-0002-0988-1428 FU Economic Research Service, USDA [58-6000-9-0056] FX Mishra's time on this paper was partially supported by the Economic Research Service, USDA Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6000-9-0056. The findings of this paper do not reflect the views of USDA. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-2619 J9 APPL ENERG JI Appl. Energy PD JAN PY 2011 VL 88 IS 1 BP 348 EP 353 DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.07.015 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 667QS UT WOS:000283209300038 ER PT J AU Kovalev, VA Petkov, A Wold, C Hao, WM AF Kovalev, Vladimir A. Petkov, Alexander Wold, Cyle Hao, Wei Min TI Lidar monitoring of regions of intense backscatter with poorly defined boundaries SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID LAYER HEIGHT; RADIOSONDE AB The upper height of a region of intense backscatter with a poorly defined boundary between this region and a region of clear air above it is found as the maximal height where aerosol heterogeneity is detectable, that is, where it can be discriminated from noise. The theoretical basis behind the retrieval technique and the corresponding lidar-data-processing procedures are discussed. We also show how such a technique can be applied to one-directional measurements. Examples of typical results obtained with a scanning lidar in smoke-polluted atmospheres and experimental data obtained in an urban atmosphere with a vertically pointing lidar are presented. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America C1 [Kovalev, Vladimir A.; Petkov, Alexander; Wold, Cyle; Hao, Wei Min] US Forest Serv, RMRS, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Kovalev, VA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, RMRS, Fire Sci Lab, 5775 Highway 10 W, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM vkovalev@fs.fed.us NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JAN 1 PY 2011 VL 50 IS 1 BP 103 EP 109 DI 10.1364/AO.50.000103 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 704JK UT WOS:000286048200016 PM 21221167 ER PT J AU Sandu, S Brazil, B Hallerman, E AF Sandu, Simonel Brazil, Brian Hallerman, Eric BE Sladonja, B TI Efficacy of Pilot-Scale Wastewater Treatment upon a Commercial Recirculating Aquaculture Facility Effluent SO AQUACULTURE AND THE ENVIRONMENT - A SHARED DESTINY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NITROGEN REMOVAL; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; DENITRIFICATION; OZONATION; OZONE; NITRIFICATION; WASTEWATERS; SOLIDS; CARBON C1 [Sandu, Simonel; Hallerman, Eric] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Brazil, Brian] ARS, USDA, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Brazil, Brian] Geosyntec Consultants NW, Kennesaw, GA USA. RP Sandu, S (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-749-9 PY 2011 BP 141 EP 158 D2 10.5772/2463 PG 18 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BE6JO UT WOS:000374248100009 ER PT J AU Allen, BL Cochran, VL Caesar, T Tanaka, DL AF Allen, Brett L. Cochran, Verlan L. Caesar, TheCan Tanaka, Donald L. TI Long-term effects of topsoil removal on soil productivity factors, wheat yield and protein content SO ARCHIVES OF AGRONOMY AND SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Quantifying long-term effects of soil erosion on plant production and soil quality can aid in restoring degraded soils. The objectives of this study were to determine the long-term effects of topsoil removal on spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield and soil productivity factors. In 1982, the surface 0, 6, 12, and 18 cm of topsoil was mechanically removed from a Williams loam (fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Argiustoll) and subsequently cropped. Soil samples were collected in 1998. There was no difference in soil organic matter (SOM), particulate organic matter (POM), mineralizable N, or water stable soil aggregates (WSA) in the surface 15 cm. Though not significant, there was an average increase of 1.2 g SOM kg (1) soil from the surface 15 cm since 1982, but fungal and bacterial biomass was reduced. The SOM and POM increased in the surface 15 cm of soil where grass was planted in strips between plots. Topsoil removal did not affect soil water at planting nor wheat yields from 1998-2001. The use of commercial fertilizer maintained crop yields, but SOM remained unchanged indicating that, restoring erosion damage is unlikely with a conventionally tilled wheat-fallow rotation in semi-arid regions. RP Allen, BL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT USA. EM brett.allen@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0365-0340 EI 1476-3567 J9 ARCH AGRON SOIL SCI JI Arch. Agron. Soil Sci. PY 2011 VL 57 IS 3 BP 293 EP 303 DI 10.1080/03650340903302294 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 890MJ UT WOS:000300148500006 ER PT J AU Alva, AK Sajwan, KS Paramasivam, S AF Alva, Ashok K. Sajwan, Kenneth S. Paramasivam, Sivapatham TI Effects of water treatment residuals and coal combustion byproduct amendments on properties of a sandy soil and impact on crop production - a pot experiment SO ARCHIVES OF AGRONOMY AND SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB The application of byproducts of coal combustion (fly ash: FA), livestock industry (chicken manure: CM), or water treatment residuals (sewage sludge: SS, or incinerated SS: ISS) to agricultural soils is an alternative to stockpiling in landfills, provided this does not lead to negative effects on environmental quality and/or enhances crop yield and/or quality. A pot experiment was conducted with the application of CM (5.6, 11.2 or 22.4 Mg ha(-1)), SS, ISS, or FA (22.4, 44.8, or 89.6 Mg ha(-1)) on properties of a Quincy fine sand and growth (130 days) and yield of 'Russet Burbank' (RB), and 'Umatilla Russet' (UR) potato cultivars. No significant effect was evident on RB cultivar with most of the treatments except yield reduction at 89.6 Mg ha(-1) SS. Tuber yield of UR cultivar increased with 11.2 or 89.6 Mg ha(-1) of CM or ISS, and decreased with 89.6 Mg ha(-1) SS. Sequential fractionation of metals in the soils revealed significant treatment effects on the distribution of different forms (readily soluble, organically bound, precipitated, and residual forms) of Cu and Zn, particularly in respect to various rates of SS and ISS. Concentrations of total, organically bound, or precipitated Cu and Zn increased with increasing rates of SS and ISS. RP Alva, AK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM ashok.alva@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0365-0340 EI 1476-3567 J9 ARCH AGRON SOIL SCI JI Arch. Agron. Soil Sci. PY 2011 VL 57 IS 6 BP 631 EP 640 DI 10.1080/03650341003694697 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 890MR UT WOS:000300149300005 ER PT J AU Lenssen, AW Cash, SD AF Lenssen, Andrew W. Cash, S. Dennis TI Annual warm-season grasses vary for forage yield, quality, and competitiveness with weeds SO ARCHIVES OF AGRONOMY AND SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Warm-season annual grasses may be suitable as forage crops in integrated weed management systems with reduced herbicide use. A 2-year field study was conducted to determine whether tillage system and nitrogen (N) fertilizer application method influenced crop and weed biomass, water use, water use efficiency (WUE), and forage quality of three warm-season grasses, and seed production by associated weeds. Tillage systems were zero tillage and conventional tillage with a field cultivator. The N fertilization methods were urea broadcast or banded near seed rows at planting. Warm-season grasses seeded were foxtail (Setaria italica L.) and proso (Panicum mileaceum L.) millets, and sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench x Sorghum sudenense Stapf.). Density of early emerging weeds was similar among treatments, averaging 51 m(-2). Millets exhibited higher weed density and weed biomass than sorghum-sudangrass. At harvest, sorghum-sudangrass produced significantly greater biomass and N accumulation than either millet. Water use (157 mm) and WUE (25.1 kg mm(-1) ha(-1)) of total biomass did not vary among treatments or grass entries. Weed seed production by redroot pigweed and green foxtail was respectively 93 and 73% less in sorghum-sudangrass than proso millet. Warm-season grasses offer an excellent fit in semiarid cropping systems. RP Lenssen, AW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sidney, MT USA. EM andy.lenssen@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0365-0340 EI 1476-3567 J9 ARCH AGRON SOIL SCI JI Arch. Agron. Soil Sci. PY 2011 VL 57 IS 8 BP 839 EP 852 DI 10.1080/03650340.2010.498012 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 890MX UT WOS:000300149900002 ER PT J AU Ammar, ED Gasparich, GE Hall, DG Hogenhout, SA AF Ammar, El-Desouky Gasparich, Gail E. Hall, David G. Hogenhout, Saskia A. TI Spiroplasma-like organisms closely associated with the gut in five leafhopper species (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) SO ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Spiroplasma; Insect gut; Mollicutes; Leafhoppers; Symbionts ID FINE STREAK-VIRUS; ACYRTHOSIPHON-PISUM; INSECT VECTOR; PEA APHID; HOMOPTERA; MAIZE; HOST; TRANSMISSION; COLEOPTERA; DIVERSITY AB Spiroplasmas are bacteria in the Class Mollicutes that are frequently associated with insects and/or plants. Here, we describe the ultrastructure, localization, and occurrence of apparent commensal/symbiotic spiroplasma-like organisms (SLOs) in the midgut and hindgut of five leafhopper species from laboratory-reared colonies. Those found in Dalbulus elimatus, Endria inimica, and Macrosteles quadrilineatus were long and tubular shaped, whereas those in Dalbulus maidis and Graminella nigrifrons were shorter and mostly rod-shaped in their host organisms. These SLOs were found in great numbers in the gut lumen frequently associated with the gut microvilli, but unlike the plant-pathogenic mollicutes, they did not seem to invade the gut epithelium or other tissues in any of these five leafhopper species. Large accumulations of these gut-associated organisms were more commonly found by confocal laser scanning microscopy in males than in females and in crowded than in singly reared leafhoppers. Ultrastructural evidence suggests that these SLOs may be horizontally transmitted between leafhoppers by contamination of the mouth parts with leafhopper excretions. C1 [Ammar, El-Desouky; Hall, David G.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Insects Res Unit, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Ammar, El-Desouky; Hogenhout, Saskia A.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Gasparich, Gail E.] Towson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Towson, MD 21252 USA. RP Ammar, ED (reprint author), USDA ARS, Subtrop Insects Res Unit, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM eldammar@hotmail.com RI Hogenhout, Saskia/D-9266-2012 FU State and Federal funds; John Innes Centre; Gatsby Charitable Foundation FX We thank Angela Strock and Tawheda Ammar (both formerly at the Entomology Department, OSU, OARDC) for their able technical assistance, and Tea Meulia and Dave Fulton (Molecular and Cellular Imaging Center, OSU, OARDC) for their advice on CLSM and SEM. Salaries and research support were provided by State and Federal funds appropriated to the OARDC, OSU. S. H. is supported by The John Innes Centre and The Gatsby Charitable Foundation. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0302-8933 J9 ARCH MICROBIOL JI Arch. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 193 IS 1 BP 35 EP 44 DI 10.1007/s00203-010-0637-x PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 706KA UT WOS:000286216100004 PM 20978745 ER PT J AU Seal, BS Fouts, DE Simmons, M Garrish, JK Kuntz, RL Woolsey, R Schegg, KM Kropinski, AM Ackermann, HW Siragusa, GR AF Seal, Bruce S. Fouts, Derrick E. Simmons, Mustafa Garrish, Johnna K. Kuntz, Robin L. Woolsey, Rebekah Schegg, Kathleen M. Kropinski, Andrew M. Ackermann, Hans-W. Siragusa, Gregory R. TI Clostridium perfringens bacteriophages Phi CP39Oand Phi CP26F: genomic organization and proteomic analysis of the virions SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTROPHORESIS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; TEMPERATE BACTERIOPHAGES; TAILED-BACTERIOPHAGES; PHAGE GENOMICS; PSI-BLAST; DIFFICILE; SEQUENCE AB Poultry intestinal material, sewage and poultry processing drainage water were screened for virulent Clostridium perfringens bacteriophages. Viruses isolated from broiler chicken offal washes (O) and poultry feces (F), designated Phi CP39O and Phi CP26F, respectively, produced clear plaques on host strains. Both bacteriophages had isometric heads of 57 nm in diameter with 100-nm non-contractile tails characteristic of members of the family Siphoviridae in the order Caudovirales. The double-strand DNA genome of bacteriophage Phi CP39O was 38,753 base pairs (bp), while the Phi DCP26F genome was 39,188 bp, with an average GC content of 30.3%. Both viral genomes contained 62 potential open reading frames (ORFs) predicted to be encoded on one strand. Among the ORFs, 29 predicted proteins had no known similarity while others encoded putative bacteriophage capsid components such as a pre-neck/appendage, tail, tape measure and portal proteins. Other genes encoded a predicted DNA primase, single-strand DNA-binding protein, terminase, thymidylate synthase and a transcription factor. Potential lytic enzymes such as a fibronectin-binding autolysin, an amidase/hydrolase and a holin were encoded in the viral genomes. Several ORFs encoded proteins that gave BLASTP matches with proteins from Clostridium spp. and other Gram-positive bacterial and bacteriophage genomes as well as unknown putative Collinsella aerofaciens proteins. Proteomics analysis of the purified viruses resulted in the identification of the putative pre-neck/appendage protein and a minor structural protein encoded by large open reading frames. Variants of the portal protein were identified, and several mycobacteriophage gp6-like protein variants were detected in large amounts relative to other virion proteins. The predicted amino acid sequences of the pre-neck/appendage proteins had major differences in the central portion of the protein between the two phage gene products. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the large terminase protein, these phages are predicted to be pac-type, using a head-full DNA packaging strategy. C1 [Seal, Bruce S.; Simmons, Mustafa; Garrish, Johnna K.; Kuntz, Robin L.; Siragusa, Gregory R.] ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Fouts, Derrick E.] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Woolsey, Rebekah; Schegg, Kathleen M.] Univ Nevada, Nevada Prote Ctr, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Kropinski, Andrew M.] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Lab Foodborne Dis, Guelph, ON N1G 3W4, Canada. [Kropinski, Andrew M.] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 3W4, Canada. [Ackermann, Hans-W.] Univ Laval, Felix Herelle Reference Ctr Bacterial Viruses, Dept Med Biol, Fac Med, Laval, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. RP Seal, BS (reprint author), ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM bruce.seal@ars.usda.gov; greg.siragusa@danisco.com FU Agricultural Research Service, USDA CRIS [6612-32000-046]; CRADA [8-6612-7-175]; DEF at JCVI; National Center for Research Resources [P20 RR-016464]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX The authors thank Mary Ard at the University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, for preliminary electron microscopy. The investigations were supported by the Agricultural Research Service, USDA CRIS project #6612-32000-046 (BSS, GRS, MS) and a non-funded CRADA #58-6612-7-175 with DEF at JCVI. The proteomics portion of the project was supported by NIH Grant Number P20 RR-016464 from the INBRE Program of the National Center for Research Resources (RW and KS). Sequencing was also supported by a Discovery Grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (AK). The genome sequences were submitted to GenBank with accession numbers EU588980 for the Phi CP39O genome and GQ443085 for the Phi CP26F genome. NR 89 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 156 IS 1 BP 25 EP 35 DI 10.1007/s00705-010-0812-z PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 708KZ UT WOS:000286362000004 PM 20963614 ER PT J AU Wasilenko, JL Arafa, AM Selim, AA Hassan, MK Aly, MM Ali, A Nassif, S Elebiary, E Balish, A Klimov, A Suarez, DL Swayne, DE Pantin-Jackwood, MJ AF Wasilenko, J. L. Arafa, A. M. Selim, A. A. Hassan, M. K. Aly, M. M. Ali, A. Nassif, S. Elebiary, E. Balish, A. Klimov, A. Suarez, D. L. Swayne, D. E. Pantin-Jackwood, M. J. TI Pathogenicity of two Egyptian H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in domestic ducks SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-AMINO-ACID; A VIRUSES; ANAS-PLATYRHYNCHOS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; RECEPTOR SPECIFICITY; SURFACE-PROTEINS; RNA-POLYMERASE; CLADE 2.2; HEMAGGLUTININ AB Domestic ducks have been implicated in the dissemination and evolution of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses. In this study, two H5N1 HPAI viruses belonging to clade 2.2.1 isolated in Egypt in 2007 and 2008 were analyzed for their pathogenicity in domestic Pekin ducks. Both viruses produced clinical signs and mortality, but the 2008 virus was more virulent, inducing early onset of neurological signs and killing all ducks with a mean death time (MDT) of 4.1 days. The 2007 virus killed 3/8 ducks with a MDT of 7 days. Full-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were used to examine differences in the virus genes that might explain the differences observed in pathogenicity. The genomes differed in 49 amino acids, with most of the differences found in the hemagglutinin protein. This increase in pathogenicity in ducks observed with certain H5N1 HPAI viruses has implications for the control of the disease, since vaccinated ducks infected with highly virulent strains shed viruses for longer periods of time, perpetuating the virus in the environment and increasing the possibility of transmission to susceptible birds. C1 [Wasilenko, J. L.; Suarez, D. L.; Swayne, D. E.; Pantin-Jackwood, M. J.] ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Arafa, A. M.; Selim, A. A.; Hassan, M. K.; Aly, M. M.] Natl Lab Vet Qual Control Poultry Prod, Giza 12618, Egypt. [Ali, A.; Nassif, S.; Elebiary, E.] CLEVB, Cairo, Egypt. [Balish, A.; Klimov, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Pantin-Jackwood, MJ (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Mary.Pantin-Jackwood@ARS.USDA.gov FU US Department of Agriculture, ARS [6612-32000-048] FX The authors appreciate the assistance provided by Diane Smith, Ronald Graham and Roger Brock in conducting these studies. The authors also thank the SAA sequencing facility at SEPRL and the FSIS histopathology laboratory at Russell Research Center-USDA for technical assistance. They also thank the Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3 (NAMRU3), Egypt, for help providing one of the viruses. Funding was given by the US Department of Agriculture, ARS, Current Research Information System project #6612-32000-048. NR 79 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 156 IS 1 BP 37 EP 51 DI 10.1007/s00705-010-0813-y PG 15 WC Virology SC Virology GA 708KZ UT WOS:000286362000005 PM 20882306 ER PT J AU Kwak, JH Paik, JK Kim, OY Jang, Y Lee, SH Ordovas, JM Lee, JH AF Kwak, Jung Hyun Paik, Jean Kyung Kim, Oh Yoen Jang, Yangsoo Lee, Sang-Hak Ordovas, Jose M. Lee, Jong Ho TI FADS gene polymorphisms in Koreans: Association with omega 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in serum phospholipids, lipid peroxides, and coronary artery disease SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS LA English DT Article DE FADS genes; omega 6PUFA; Lipid peroxides; CAD ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; HEART-DISEASE; LINOLEIC-ACID; DESATURASE; EXPRESSION; CLONING; INFLAMMATION; PREDICTS; RATIO; MEN AB Objective: We investigated the association of polymorphisms in FADS genes with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in serum phospholipids, lipid peroxides, and coronary artery disease (CAD) in Koreans. Methods: In this case-control study, CAD patients (n=756, 40-79 years) and healthy controls (n=890) were genotyped for rs174537 near FADS1 (FEN1 rs174537G>T), FADS2 (rs174575, rs2727270), and FADS3 (rs1000778). We calculated the odds ratios (ORs) for CAD risk and measured serum PUFA composition and lipid peroxide. Results: Among four SNPs, only rs174537G>T differed in allele frequencies between controls and CAD patients after adjustment for age, BMI, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia (P=0.017). The minor T allele was associated with a lower risk of CAD [OR 0.75 (95% CI 0.61-0.92), P=0.006] after adjustment. rs174537T carriers had a significantly higher proportion of linoleic acid (LA, 18:2 omega 6), lower arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4 omega 6), and lower ratios of AA/dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA, 20:3 omega 6) and AA/LA than G/G subjects in both control and CAD groups. In the control group, 174537T carriers had significantly lower levels of total- and LDL-cholesterol, malondialdehyde, and ox-LDL. In CAD patients, rs174537T carriers showed a larger LDL particle size than G/G subjects. The proportion of AA in serum phospholipids positively correlated with LDL-cholesterol, ox-LDL, and malondialdehyde in controls and with 8-epi-prostaglandin F(2 alpha) in both control and CAD groups. Conclusion: The rs174537T is associated with a lower proportion of AA in serum phospholipids and reduced CAD risk, in association with reduced total-and LDL-cholesterol and lipid peroxides. Crown Copyright (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Jong Ho] Yonsei Univ, Dept Food & Nutr, Coll Human Ecol, Natl Res Lab Clin Nutrigenet Nutrigen, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Kwak, Jung Hyun; Lee, Jong Ho] Yonsei Univ, Interdisciplinary Course Sci Aging, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Paik, Jean Kyung; Kim, Oh Yoen; Jang, Yangsoo; Lee, Sang-Hak; Lee, Jong Ho] Yonsei Univ, Res Inst Sci Aging, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Jang, Yangsoo; Lee, Sang-Hak] Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Cardiovasc Genome Ctr, Div Cardiol, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Jang, Yangsoo] Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Severance Med Res Inst, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Jang, Yangsoo] Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Severance Biomed Sci Res Inst, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Lee, JH (reprint author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Food & Nutr, Coll Human Ecol, Natl Res Lab Clin Nutrigenet Nutrigen, 134 Shinchon Ding, Seoul 120749, South Korea. EM jhleeb@yonsei.ac.kr RI Jang, Yang Soo/D-4803-2012 FU National Research Foundation, Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2010-0015017, M10642120002-06N4212-00210, C00048]; Ministry of Health&Welfare, Republic of Korea [A000385]; Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea FX This work was supported by the National Research Foundation, Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (Mid-career Researcher Program: 2010-0015017, M10642120002-06N4212-00210 and C00048) and the Korea Health 21 R&D Projects, Ministry of Health&Welfare (A000385), Republic of Korea, and in part by the Yonsei University Research Fund of 2010, Seoul, Republic of Korea. NR 26 TC 33 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0021-9150 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS JI Atherosclerosis PD JAN PY 2011 VL 214 IS 1 BP 94 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.10.004 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 703QK UT WOS:000285994600015 PM 21040914 ER PT J AU Yokelson, RJ Burling, IR Urbanski, SP Atlas, EL Adachi, K Buseck, PR Wiedinmyer, C Akagi, SK Toohey, DW Wold, CE AF Yokelson, R. J. Burling, I. R. Urbanski, S. P. Atlas, E. L. Adachi, K. Buseck, P. R. Wiedinmyer, C. Akagi, S. K. Toohey, D. W. Wold, C. E. TI Trace gas and particle emissions from open biomass burning in Mexico SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; AEROSOL MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MILAGRO FIELD CAMPAIGN; AFRICAN SAVANNA FIRES; BLACK CARBON; TROPICAL FOREST; AIR-QUALITY; LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS; MCMA-2003 CAMPAIGN; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES AB We report airborne measurements of emission factors (EF) for trace gases and PM2.5 made in southern Mexico in March of 2006 on 6 crop residue fires, 3 tropical dry forest fires, 8 savanna fires, 1 garbage fire, and 7 mountain pine-oak forest fires. The savanna fire EF were measured early in the local dry season and when compared to EF measured late in the African dry season they were at least 1.7 times larger for NOx, NH3, H-2, and most non-methane organic compounds. Our measurements suggest that urban deposition and high windspeed may also be associated with significantly elevated NOx EF. When considering all fires sampled, the percentage of particles containing soot increased from 15 to 60% as the modified combustion efficiency increased from 0.88 to 0.98. We estimate that about 175 Tg of fuel was consumed by open burning of biomass and garbage and as biofuel (mainly wood cooking fires) in Mexico in 2006. Combining the fuel consumption estimates with our EF measurements suggests that the above combustion sources account for a large fraction of the reactive trace gases and more than 90% of the total primary, fine carbonaceous particles emitted by all combustion sources in Mexico. C1 [Yokelson, R. J.; Burling, I. R.; Akagi, S. K.] Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Urbanski, S. P.; Wold, C. E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. [Atlas, E. L.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Adachi, K.; Buseck, P. R.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ USA. [Adachi, K.; Buseck, P. R.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ USA. [Wiedinmyer, C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Toohey, D. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Yokelson, RJ (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM bob.yokelson@umontana.edu RI Yokelson, Robert/C-9971-2011; Adachi, Kouji/A-2321-2008; Toohey, Darin/A-4267-2008; Atlas, Elliot/J-8171-2015 OI Yokelson, Robert/0000-0002-8415-6808; Toohey, Darin/0000-0003-2853-1068; FU NSF; ASU; U Miami; NCAR; NSF [ATM-0513055, ATM-0936321, ATM 0511820]; DoD; USFS; NASA North American Carbon Plan [NNHO5AA86I] FX The authors thank Eric Hintsa and Anne-Marie Schmoltner of NSF for supplemental funding for ASU and U Miami, and NCAR for providing travel funds for CU to conduct measurements on the Twin Otter. We thank the Twin Otter pilots. Thanks go to Sasha Madronich, Luisa Molina, and Jose Meitin for coordinating the overall MILAGRO campaign. The University of Montana and the Twin Otter were supported mostly by NSF grants ATM-0513055 and ATM-0936321. Yokelson and Burling were also supported by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) of DoD. Support for the USFS and Twin Otter was provided by the NASA North American Carbon Plan (NNHO5AA86I). Participation by Arizona State University was supported by NSF grant ATM-0531926. We gratefully acknowledge the use of TEMs within the LeRoy Eyring Center for Solid State Science at Arizona State University. Support to the University of Miami was provided by NSF (ATM 0511820). X. Zhu and L. Pope provided excellent technical support for the canister trace gas analyses. We thank Holly Eissinger for production of Fig. 1 and Supplement Fig. 1. NR 83 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 6 U2 58 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2011 VL 11 IS 14 BP 6787 EP 6808 DI 10.5194/acp-11-6787-2011 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 797KI UT WOS:000293125100002 ER PT J AU Hennigan, CJ Miracolo, MA Engelhart, GJ May, AA Presto, AA Lee, T Sullivan, AP McMeeking, GR Coe, H Wold, CE Hao, WM Gilman, JB Kuster, WC de Gouw, J Schichtel, BA Collett, JL Kreidenweis, SM Robinson, AL AF Hennigan, C. J. Miracolo, M. A. Engelhart, G. J. May, A. A. Presto, A. A. Lee, T. Sullivan, A. P. McMeeking, G. R. Coe, H. Wold, C. E. Hao, W. -M. Gilman, J. B. Kuster, W. C. de Gouw, J. Schichtel, B. A. Collett, J. L., Jr. Kreidenweis, S. M. Robinson, A. L. TI Chemical and physical transformations of organic aerosol from the photo-oxidation of open biomass burning emissions in an environmental chamber SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDATION; HETEROGENEOUS OXIDATION; LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS; PARTICULATE MATTER; MASS-SPECTROMETER; VAPOR-PRESSURES; SMOG CHAMBER; EVOLUTION; LEVOGLUCOSAN; PARTICLES AB Smog chamber experiments were conducted to investigate the chemical and physical transformations of organic aerosol (OA) during photo-oxidation of open biomass burning emissions. The experiments were carried out at the US Forest Service Fire Science Laboratory as part of the third Fire Lab at Missoula Experiment (FLAME III). We investigated emissions from 12 different fuels commonly burned in North American wildfires. The experiments feature atmospheric and plume aerosol and oxidant concentrations; aging times ranged from 3 to 4.5 h. OA production, expressed as a mass enhancement ratio (ratio of OA to primary OA (POA) mass), was highly variable. OA mass enhancement ratios ranged from 2.9 in experiments where secondary OA (SOA) production nearly tripled the POA concentration to 0.7 in experiments where photo-oxidation resulted in a 30% loss of the OA mass. The campaign-average OA mass enhancement ratio was 1.7 +/- 0.7 (mean +/- 1 sigma); therefore, on average, there was substantial SOA production. In every experiment, the OA was chemically transformed. Even in experiments with net loss of OA mass, the OA became increasingly oxygenated and less volatile with aging, indicating that photo-oxidation transformed the POA emissions. Levoglucosan concentrations were also substantially reduced with photo-oxidation. The transformations of POA were extensive; using levoglucosan as a tracer for POA, unreacted POA only contributed 17% of the campaign-average OA mass after 3.5 h of exposure to typical atmospheric hydroxyl radical (OH) levels. Heterogeneous reactions with OH could account for less than half of this transformation, implying that the coupled gas-particle partitioning and reaction of semi-volatile vapors is an important and potentially dominant mechanism for POA processing. Overall, the results illustrate that biomass burning emissions are subject to extensive chemical processing in the atmosphere, and the timescale for these transformations is rapid. C1 [Hennigan, C. J.; Miracolo, M. A.; Engelhart, G. J.; May, A. A.; Presto, A. A.; Robinson, A. L.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Atmospher Particle Studies, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Lee, T.; Sullivan, A. P.; McMeeking, G. R.; Collett, J. L., Jr.; Kreidenweis, S. M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [McMeeking, G. R.; Coe, H.] Univ Manchester, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Wold, C. E.; Hao, W. -M.] US Forest Serv, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Morgantown, WV USA. [Gilman, J. B.; Kuster, W. C.; de Gouw, J.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Schichtel, B. A.] Colorado State Univ, Natl Pk Serv CIRA, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Robinson, AL (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Atmospher Particle Studies, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM alr@andrew.cmu.edu RI Presto, Albert/C-3193-2008; McMeeking, Gavin/A-7679-2008; May, Andrew/E-8498-2012; Robinson, Allen/I-5713-2012; Hennigan, Christopher/A-9221-2013; Coe, Hugh/C-8733-2013; Kuster, William/E-7421-2010; Gilman, Jessica/E-7751-2010; Robinson, Allen/M-3046-2014; de Gouw, Joost/A-9675-2008; Collett, Jeffrey/F-2862-2010; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; Kreidenweis, Sonia/E-5993-2011; OI Presto, Albert/0000-0002-9156-1094; McMeeking, Gavin/0000-0001-9782-3713; May, Andrew/0000-0001-7908-8815; Robinson, Allen/0000-0003-1053-7090; Hennigan, Christopher/0000-0002-2454-2838; Kuster, William/0000-0002-8788-8588; Gilman, Jessica/0000-0002-7899-9948; Robinson, Allen/0000-0002-1819-083X; de Gouw, Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826; Collett, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9180-508X; Kreidenweis, Sonia/0000-0002-2561-2914; Coe, Hugh/0000-0002-3264-1713 FU National Park Service; Joint Fire Science Program; EPA through the National Center for Environmental Research (NCER) [R833747] FX This work was supported by the National Park Service and Joint Fire Science Program and the EPA STAR program through the National Center for Environmental Research (NCER) under grant R833747. This paper has not been subject to EPA's required peer and policy review, and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. NR 63 TC 107 Z9 108 U1 12 U2 71 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2011 VL 11 IS 15 BP 7669 EP 7686 DI 10.5194/acp-11-7669-2011 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 806RA UT WOS:000293826500016 ER PT J AU Burling, IR Yokelson, RJ Akagi, SK Urbanski, SP Wold, CE Griffith, DWT Johnson, TJ Reardon, J Weise, DR AF Burling, I. R. Yokelson, R. J. Akagi, S. K. Urbanski, S. P. Wold, C. E. Griffith, D. W. T. Johnson, T. J. Reardon, J. Weise, D. R. TI Airborne and ground-based measurements of the trace gases and particles emitted by prescribed fires in the United States SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BIOMASS-BURNING EMISSIONS; TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; ORGANIC AEROSOL; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS; TROPICAL FOREST; MEXICO-CITY; ACETIC-ACID; SMOKE PLUME; SECONDARY AB We have measured emission factors for 19 trace gas species and particulate matter (PM2.5) from 14 prescribed fires in chaparral and oak savanna in the southwestern US, as well as conifer forest understory in the southeastern US and Sierra Nevada mountains of California. These are likely the most extensive emission factor field measurements for temperate biomass burning to date and the only published emission factors for temperate oak savanna fuels. This study helps to close the gap in emissions data available for temperate zone fires relative to tropical biomass burning. We present the first field measurements of the biomass burning emissions of glycolaldehyde, a possible precursor for aqueous phase secondary organic aerosol formation. We also measured the emissions of phenol, another aqueous phase secondary organic aerosol precursor. Our data confirm previous observations that urban deposition can impact the NOx emission factors and thus subsequent plume chemistry. For two fires, we measured both the emissions in the convective smoke plume from our airborne platform and the unlofted residual smoldering combustion emissions with our ground-based platform. The smoke from residual smoldering combustion was characterized by emission factors for hydrocarbon and oxygenated organic species that were up to ten times higher than in the lofted plume, including high 1,3-butadiene and isoprene concentrations which were not observed in the lofted plume. This should be considered in modeling the air quality impacts for smoke that disperses at ground level. We also show that the often ignored unlofted emissions can significantly impact estimates of total emissions. Preliminary evidence suggests large emissions of monoterpenes in the residual smoldering smoke. These data should lead to an improved capacity to model the impacts of biomass burning in similar temperate ecosystems. C1 [Burling, I. R.; Yokelson, R. J.; Akagi, S. K.] Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Urbanski, S. P.; Wold, C. E.; Reardon, J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Griffith, D. W. T.] Univ Wollongong, Dept Chem, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia. [Johnson, T. J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Weise, D. R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA USA. RP Yokelson, RJ (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM bob.yokelson@umontana.edu RI Yokelson, Robert/C-9971-2011 OI Yokelson, Robert/0000-0002-8415-6808 FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [RC-1648, RC-1649]; NSF [ATM 0513055, ATM-0936321]; Joint Fire Science Program [08-1-6-09] FX This work was supported by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) Resource conservation projects RC-1648 and RC-1649 and administered through agreement Forest Service Research Joint Venture Agreement 08JV11272166039, and we thank our sponsors for their continuing support. Customization of the USFS Twin Otter was supported primarily by NSF grant ATM 0513055. R. Y. and S. A. were also supported by NSF grant ATM-0936321. Deployment to the Turtle and Shaver Fires as well as participation of Shawn Urbanski was supported partially by Joint Fire Science Program grant 08-1-6-09. Special thanks to our pilots Scott Miller and Aaron Knobloch, Twin Otter mechanic Kevin Bailey, Andrew Robillard (San Luis Jet Center), and our many able collaborators on the ground including: Jason McCarty (SBCFD), Brendan Ripley (VCFD), Dan Ardoin (VAFB), Danny Becker, Susan Cohen, Gary Curcio, Angie Carl, Drew Leiendecker (Ft. Huachuca), Joey Chong, Bonni Corcoran, Gloria Burke, Ania Wrona, Jesse Lozano. NR 73 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 3 U2 64 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2011 VL 11 IS 23 BP 12197 EP 12216 DI 10.5194/acp-11-12197-2011 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 863AD UT WOS:000298134300018 ER PT J AU Wenny, DG DeVault, TL Johnson, MD Kelly, D Sekercioglu, CH Tomback, DF Whelan, CJ AF Wenny, Daniel G. DeVault, Travis L. Johnson, Matthew D. Kelly, Dave Sekercioglu, Cagan H. Tomback, Diana F. Whelan, Christopher J. TI THE NEED TO QUANTIFY ECOSYSTEM SERVICES PROVIDED BY BIRDS SO AUK LA English DT Article ID ENDEMIC AFRICAN TREE; SEED DISPERSAL; NEW-ZEALAND; PRAWN TRAWLERS; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; ECONOMIC VALUATION; COFFEE PLANTATIONS; AMERICAN KESTRELS; TROPICAL FORESTS; WHITEBARK-PINE C1 [Wenny, Daniel G.] Jo Daviess Conservat Fdn, Elizabeth, IL 61028 USA. [DeVault, Travis L.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. [Johnson, Matthew D.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Wildlife, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Kelly, Dave] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. [Sekercioglu, Cagan H.] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Conservat Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Tomback, Diana F.] Univ Colorado, Dept Integrat Biol, Denver, CO 80217 USA. [Whelan, Christopher J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Biol Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Wenny, DG (reprint author), Loras Coll, 1450 Alta Vista, Dubuque, IA 52004 USA. EM harrier2@mchsi.com RI Sekercioglu, Cagan/A-2331-2013 OI Kelly, Dave/0000-0002-9469-2161; Sekercioglu, Cagan/0000-0001-9639-294X FU New Zealand Foundation for Research, Science and Technology [CO9X0004, CO9X0503]; Christensen Fund FX This paper is based, in part, on a symposium held at the joint AOU, COS, CSO meeting in San Diego in February 2010. We thank the organizers of that conference for supporting our participation at the symposium. Thanks to W. Gibbons, N. Lichti, D. Shealer, S. Zack, and the lab group of J. Brown for many helpful comments on the manuscript. D.K. is grateful for funding from the New Zealand Foundation for Research, Science and Technology under contracts CO9X0004 and CO9X0503. D.F.T. thanks M. Jenkins, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, Flathead National Forest, and E. Davy, USDA Forest Service, Bridger-Teton National Forest, for providing the costs associated with whitebark pine restoration projects. C.J.W. gratefully acknowledges R. Marquis for his contributions to past research and ongoing, critical discussions on ecosystem services. C.S. thanks the Christensen Fund for support. NR 195 TC 85 Z9 91 U1 6 U2 111 PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0004-8038 EI 1938-4254 J9 AUK JI AUK PD JAN PY 2011 VL 128 IS 1 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1525/auk.2011.10248 PG 14 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 733CJ UT WOS:000288237700001 ER PT J AU Njambere, EN Chen, WD Frate, C Temple, SR AF Njambere, Evans Nyaga Chen, Weidong Frate, Carol Temple, Steve R. TI Ascospore dimorphism-associated mating types of Sclerotinia trifoliorum equally capable of inducing mycelial infection on chickpea plants SO AUSTRALASIAN PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ascospore size dimorphism; Chickpea; Mating type; Sclerotinia trifoliorum; Virulence ID PATHOGEN MYCOSPHAERELLA-GRAMINICOLA; BIOLOGY AB In many heterothallic fungal pathogens, mating types are found to be associated with variation in virulence and some other ecological traits. Sclerotinia trifoliorum is unique from other Sclerotinia species in that it is heterothallic with two mating types. The mating type gene has pleotropic effect on ascospore size; large ascospore isolates are phenotypically homothallic (L-type), and small ascospore isolates are heterothallic (S-type). The possible association of variation in virulence with the two mating types and hence the ascospore size in S. trifoliorum is investigated using isolates collected from naturally infected chickpea plants and isolates generated from controlled crosses. Chi-square tests showed that 57 field isolates collected from crown lesions (infection initiated by mycelium) had a 1: 1 distribution of L-type (29 isolates) and S-type (28 isolates), whereas 14 isolates from stem lesions (infection initiated by ascospores) had a distribution of 10 L-type isolates and 4 S-type isolates not significantly different from 1: 1. Greenhouse tests using mycelial plugs as inoculum of field and laboratory-derived isolates did not show significant difference between the two mating types in causing stem rot of chickpea. The sample size of ascospore-initiated infection was small, and the controlled pathogenicity assays in the greenhouse only tested mycelial infection. Thus, whether the two types of ascospores have equal capability of infecting chickpea remains to be further investigated. Strong evidence of both field and greenhouse data showed that mycelia of both mating types of S. trifoliorum were equally capable of infecting chickpea. C1 [Njambere, Evans Nyaga] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Weidong] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Frate, Carol; Temple, Steve R.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Njambere, EN (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, 59 Dudley Rd,Foran Hall 201, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM njambere@aesop.rutgers.edu FU USDA Agricultural Research Service National Sclerotinia Initiative FX This study was funded in part by the USDA Agricultural Research Service National Sclerotinia Initiative. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0815-3191 J9 AUSTRALAS PLANT PATH JI Austral. Plant Pathol. PY 2011 VL 40 IS 6 SI SI BP 648 EP 655 DI 10.1007/s13313-011-0069-3 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 855UF UT WOS:000297590000011 ER PT J AU Keppel, G Prentis, P Biffin, E Hodgskiss, P Tuisese, S Tuiwawa, MV Lowe, AJ AF Keppel, Gunnar Prentis, Peter Biffin, Ed Hodgskiss, Paul Tuisese, Susana Tuiwawa, Marika V. Lowe, Andrew J. TI Diversification history and hybridisation of Dacrydium (Podocarpaceae) in remote Oceania SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article ID SYMPATRIC SPECIATION; NEW-ZEALAND; HYBRID SPECIATION; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MANUHERIKIA GROUP; NEW-CALEDONIA; PACIFIC; EXTINCTION; EVOLUTION; BIOGEOGRAPHY AB We examined evolutionary relationships, hybridisation and genetic diversity in species of Dacrydium (Podocarpaceae) in Remote Oceania, where it is restricted to New Caledonia and Fiji. We used cpDNA sequence (trnL-trnF) data to construct a phylogeny and estimate taxon divergence by using a relaxed molecular clock approach. The phylogeny was verified using allozymes, which were also used to investigate genetic diversity of all species and the hybridisation dynamics of two endangered species, D. guillauminii and D. nidulum. Our results suggested that Dacrydium species in Remote Oceania form a monophyletic group that arose and diversified within the last 20 million years through long-distance dispersal and a range of speciation mechanisms. Whereas we detected no hybridisation between the Fijian species D. nausoriense and D. nidulum, we confirmed hybridisation between D. guillauminii and D. araucarioides in New Caledonia and determined introgression to be assymetric from the widespread D. araucarioides into the rare, restricted-range species D. guillauminii. In addition, D. guillauminii had lower genetic diversity than did the other species of Dacrydium studied, which had genetic diversity similar to that of other gymnosperms. Our results provided evidence for the recent and complex diversification of Dacrydium in Remote Oceania. In addition, low genetic diversity of and introgression from D. araucarioides, are of grave concern for the conservation of D. guillauminii. C1 [Keppel, Gunnar] Curtin Univ Technol, Dept Environm & Agr, Curtin Inst Climate & Biodivers, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Keppel, Gunnar] Univ Queensland, Sch Integrat Biol, Ctr Ecol, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. [Prentis, Peter; Biffin, Ed; Lowe, Andrew J.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Australian Ctr Evolutionary Biol & Biodivers, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Tuisese, Susana] Tropik Wood Ind Ltd, Lautoka, Fiji. [Hodgskiss, Paul] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Inst Forest Genet, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Tuiwawa, Marika V.] Univ S Pacific, S Pacific Reg Herbarium, Suva, Fiji. [Lowe, Andrew J.] Sci Resource Ctr, State Herbarium S Australia, Dept Environm & Nat Resources, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RP Keppel, G (reprint author), Curtin Univ Technol, Dept Environm & Agr, Curtin Inst Climate & Biodivers, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. EM G.Keppel@curtin.edu.au RI Prentis, Peter/C-8729-2011; Keppel, Gunnar/B-3364-2015; Keppel, Gunnar/F-3767-2013 OI Keppel, Gunnar/0000-0001-7092-6149 FU University of Queensland (UQ); Australia-Pacific Science Foundation (APSF); Ecology Centre at the School of Integrative Biology of the University of Queensland; Australian Research Committee [ARC - DP 0665859] FX We thank M. Pole, L. Cook, H. P. Possingham and D. Ortiz-Barrientos for kindly reviewing this paper. M. F. Doyle organised the collection of the population samples and J. G. Conran supplied several of the samples for sequencing. B. Suprin assisted in the collection of New Caledonian samples. We are also grateful to the University of Queensland (UQ) for providing an International Postgraduate Research Scholarship (IPRS) and International Living Allowance Scholarship (ILAS) to G. K., Australia-Pacific Science Foundation (APSF) for providing funding for part of this project through grants to A. J. L. and G. K., the Ecology Centre at the School of Integrative Biology of the University of Queensland for supporting G. K., and the Australian Research Committee (ARC - DP 0665859) for support to A. J. L. P. J. P. acknowledges Ortiz-Barrientos laboratory at UQ for providing resources during his research visit. NR 90 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 10 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 0067-1924 J9 AUST J BOT JI Aust. J. Bot. PY 2011 VL 59 IS 3 BP 262 EP 273 DI 10.1071/BT10181 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 761MU UT WOS:000290402900008 ER PT J AU Ecco, R Susta, L Afonso, CL Miller, PJ Brown, C AF Ecco, Roselene Susta, Leonardo Afonso, Claudio L. Miller, Patti J. Brown, Corrie TI Neurological lesions in chickens experimentally infected with virulent Newcastle disease virus isolates SO AVIAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DOMESTIC CHICKENS; ENCEPHALITIS; PATHOGENESIS; MODEL AB Distribution, character, and severity of lesions were evaluated in tissues from the central nervous system of chickens inoculated with 10 different Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates: CA 1083, Korea 97-147, Australia (all velogenic viscerotropic), Texas GB and Turkey North Dakota (both velogenic neurotropic), Nevada cormorant, Anhinga and Roakin (all mesogenic), and B1 and QV4 (lentogenic). Tissues for the present study included archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded brain (all strains) plus spinal cord (two strains). Encephalitis was observed in all velogenic viscerotropic and velogenic neurotropic strains, and in some mesogenic strains. In general, the encephalitic lesions began at 5 days post infection, with more severe lesions occurring around 10 days post infection. At this time point, especially in the grey matter of the brain, cerebellum and spinal cord, there were neuronal necrosis, neuronal phagocytosis, and clusters of cells with microglial morphology. Axonal degeneration and demyelination was also observed. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for viral nucleoprotein confirmed the presence of virus. In the areas of encephalomyelitis, IHC for CD3 revealed that many of the inflammatory cells were T lymphocytes. IHC using an antibody for glial fibrillar acid protein showed reactive astrogliosis, which was most pronounced at the later time points. C1 [Ecco, Roselene; Susta, Leonardo; Brown, Corrie] Univ Georgia, Dept Pathol, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Afonso, Claudio L.; Miller, Patti J.] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, SAA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Brown, C (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Pathol, Coll Vet Med, 501 DW Brooks Dr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM corbrown@uga.edu OI Ecco, Roselene/0000-0002-8052-5389 FU Brazilian government sponsoring agency Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq); Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG); USDA CRIS [6612-32000-049-00D] FX R.E. was supported by the Brazilian government sponsoring agency Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) and Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). The present work was funded by USDA CRIS project number 6612-32000-049-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this manuscript is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-9457 J9 AVIAN PATHOL JI Avian Pathol. PY 2011 VL 40 IS 2 BP 145 EP 152 AR PII 936483783 DI 10.1080/03079457.2010.544289 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 750TU UT WOS:000289571700005 PM 21500034 ER PT J AU Swaggerty, CL He, H Genovese, KJ Pevzner, IY Kogut, MH AF Swaggerty, C. L. He, H. Genovese, K. J. Pevzner, I. Y. Kogut, M. H. TI Protein tyrosine kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling pathways contribute to differences in heterophil-mediated innate immune responsiveness between two lines of broilers SO AVIAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NF-KAPPA-B; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; TOLL-LIKE-RECEPTORS; SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS INFECTIONS; CHEMOKINE GENE-EXPRESSION; CHICKEN HETEROPHILS; TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS; SUSCEPTIBLE CHICKENS; CYTOKINE EXPRESSION; ACQUIRED-IMMUNITY AB Protein tyrosine phosphorylation mediates signal transduction of cellular processes with protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) regulating virtually all signalling events. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) super-family consists of three conserved pathways that convert receptor activation into cellular functions: extracellular response kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and p38. Previously conducted studies using two chicken lines (A and B) show line A heterophils are functionally more responsive and produce a differential cytokine/chemokine profile compared with line B, which also translates to increased resistance to bacterial challenges. Therefore, we hypothesize the differences between the lines result from distinctive signalling cascades that mediate heterophil function. Heterophils from lines A and B were isolated from 1-day-old chickens and total phosphorylated PTK and p38, JNK, ERK, and transcription factor (activator protein 1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-B)) protein levels quantified following interaction with Salmonella Enteritidis (SE). Control and SE-treated heterophils from line A had greater (P0.05) PTK phosphorylation compared to line B with increased (P0.05) activation of p38. Conversely, line B heterophils activated JNK (P0.05). There were no differences in ERK between control and activated heterophils for either line. Defined signalling inhibitors were used to show specificity. The AP-1 and NF-B transcription factor families were also examined, and c-Jun and p50, respectively, were the only members different between the lines and both were up-regulated in line A compared with line B. These data indicate that increased responsiveness of line A heterophils is mediated, largely, by an increased ability to activate PTKs, the p38 MAPK pathway and specific transcription factors, all of which directly affect the innate immune response. C1 [Swaggerty, C. L.; He, H.; Genovese, K. J.; Kogut, M. H.] ARS, USDA, SPARC, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Pevzner, I. Y.] Cobb Vantress Inc, Siloam Springs, AR 72761 USA. RP Swaggerty, CL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SPARC, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM christi.swaggerty@ars.usda.gov NR 64 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-9457 J9 AVIAN PATHOL JI Avian Pathol. PY 2011 VL 40 IS 3 BP 289 EP 297 AR PII 938754145 DI 10.1080/03079457.2011.565310 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 779TW UT WOS:000291806100008 PM 21711188 ER PT J AU Gimeno, IM Witter, RL Cortes, AL Reed, WM AF Gimeno, Isabel M. Witter, Richard L. Cortes, Aneg L. Reed, Willie M. TI Replication ability of three highly protective Marek's disease vaccines: implications in lymphoid organ atrophy and protection SO AVIAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INSERTIONAL MUTAGENESIS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; TURKEY HERPESVIRUS; CELL-CULTURE; VIRUS; CHICKENS; PATHOGENESIS; LYMPHOCYTES; INFECTION; STRAINS AB The present work is a chronological study of the pathogenesis of three attenuated serotype 1 Marek's disease (MD) virus strains (RM1, CVI988 and 648A80) that provide high protection against MD but have been attenuated by different procedures and induce different degrees of lymphoid organ atrophy. All studied strains replicated in the lymphoid organs (bursa, x thymus and spleen) and a peak of replication was detected at 6 days post inoculation (d.p.i.). Differences, however, were observed among vaccine strains. RM1 strain replicates more in all lymphoid organs compared with CVI988 and 648A80 strains. In addition, replication of RM1 in the thymus did not decrease after 6 d.p.i. but continued at high levels at 14 d.p.i. and until the thymus was completely destroyed. Lung infection occurred very early after infection with all of the three vaccines and the level of replication was similar to that found in the lymphoid organs. Infected cells were very large and appeared scattered in the lung parenchyma and in the parabronchial lining. The study of the target cells for the early infection in cell suspensions of blood and spleen showed that both non-adherent cell populations (enriched in lymphoid cells) and adherent cells (enriched in monocytes/ macrophages) supported MD virus infection. Infection in adherent cells was especially high at very early stages of the infection (3 to 6 d.p.i.). Atrophy of lymphoid organs is a major drawback in the production of highly protective vaccines against MD. A better understanding of the mechanisms associated with lymphoid organ atrophy will aid in overcoming this problem. C1 [Gimeno, Isabel M.; Cortes, Aneg L.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Populat Hlth & Pathobiol, Coll Vet Med, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Witter, Richard L.] ARS, USDA, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Reed, Willie M.] Perdue Univ, Sch Vet Med, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Gimeno, IM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Populat Hlth & Pathobiol, Coll Vet Med, 4700 Hillsborough St, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. EM Isabel_Gimeno@ncsu.edu NR 36 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-9457 J9 AVIAN PATHOL JI Avian Pathol. PY 2011 VL 40 IS 6 BP 573 EP 579 DI 10.1080/03079457.2011.617725 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 856VK UT WOS:000297672100004 PM 22107091 ER PT J AU DeVault, TL Olson, ZH Beasley, JC Rhodes, OE AF DeVault, Travis L. Olson, Zachary H. Beasley, James C. Rhodes, Olin E., Jr. TI Mesopredators dominate competition for carrion in an agricultural landscape SO BASIC AND APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Agriculture; Didelphis virginiana; Diet; Food webs; Fragmentation; Procyon lotor; Scavenging ID VERTEBRATE SCAVENGERS; ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION; NORTHERN INDIANA; BIODIVERSITY; RACCOONS; FRAGMENTATION; PREDATION; COMMUNITY; CARCASSES; SUBSIDIES AB The role of carrion in food webs is governed by complex competitive interactions among a wide range of taxa. Although this competition is known to be influenced by several biotic and abiotic factors, relatively few data are available from highly altered landscapes. We investigated the fate of mouse carcasses in an intensively farmed region in Indiana, USA, using remote cameras. Vertebrates removed 234 of 266 (88%) carcasses within two weeks after placement. Raccoons (Procyon lotor) and Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana) were the predominant scavengers, removing 184 of 197 (93%) carcasses for which a scavenger could be identified. Air temperature influenced carcass removal by vertebrates only at higher temperatures, with fewer carcasses removed as temperatures increased over similar to 22 degrees C. Elevated densities of mesopredators, coupled with the reduced search area for carrion due to the sparse distribution of forested habitat, likely were responsible for the rapid discovery and high level of carcass removal by vertebrates compared to previous investigations. Our data suggest that in agricultural landscapes, the competitive balance for carrion can differ substantially from that found in more pristine habitats. Moreover, the monopolization of carrion resources by abundant mesopredators may have negative consequences for other species that use carrion. C1 [DeVault, Travis L.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. [Rhodes, Olin E., Jr.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Olson, Zachary H.; Beasley, James C.; Rhodes, Olin E., Jr.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP DeVault, TL (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. EM Travis.L.DeVault@aphis.usda.gov FU Purdue University Department of Forestry and Natural Resources FX We thank the landowners in the UWB for providing access to their land, and T. Atwood, B. Blackwell, J. Schmidt, P. Schmidt, T. Seamans, S. Werner, and anonymous reviewers for thoughtful comments on the manuscript. Funding was provided by the Purdue University Department of Forestry and Natural Resources. NR 46 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 9 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1439-1791 J9 BASIC APPL ECOL JI Basic Appl. Ecol. PY 2011 VL 12 IS 3 BP 268 EP 274 DI 10.1016/j.baae.2011.02.008 PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 781AS UT WOS:000291903600010 ER PT B AU Chen, RY Wang, YJ Dyson, D AF Chen, Richard Y. Wang, Yujie Dyson, David BE Kulp, K Loewe, R Lorenz, K Gelroth, J TI Breadings-What They Are and How They Are Used SO BATTERS AND BREADINGS IN FOOD PROCESSING, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Chen, Richard Y.] ARS, USDA, NPA, CGAHR, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Wang, Yujie] Kerry Ingredients & Flavours, Beloit, WI 53511 USA. RP Chen, RY (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NPA, CGAHR, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS INC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2079 USA BN 978-0-12-810450-7; 978-1-891127-71-7 PY 2011 BP 169 EP 184 PG 16 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BF8YM UT WOS:000385275000010 ER PT B AU Wang, SY AF Wang, Shiow Y. BE Stoner, GD Seeram, NP TI Correlation of Antioxidants and Antioxidant Enzymes to Oxygen Radical Scavenging Activities in Berries SO BERRIES AND CANCER PREVENTION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Correlation; Antioxidants; Antioxidant enzymes; Oxygen radical scavenging activity; Species and genotypes; Maturation; Preharvest conditions; Postharvest techniques ID VACCINIUM-CORYMBOSUM L.; ELLAGIC ACID CONTENT; STRAWBERRY FRUIT; FLAVONOID CONTENT; PHENOLIC CONTENT; ANTHOCYANIN CONTENT; ABSORBING CAPACITY; METHYL JASMONATE; RED RASPBERRY; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION AB Berry fruits contain high levels of antioxidant compounds. In addition to the usual nutrients such as vitamins and minerals, berry fruits are also rich in flavonols, anthocyanidins, proanthocyanidins, catechins, flavones, and glycosides. These antioxidants are capable of performing a number of functions including free radical scavenging, peroxide decomposition, singlet and triplet oxygen quenching, enzyme inhibition, and synergism. Some antioxidants exhibit additive and synergistic effects; therefore, a single phytochemical alone usually is not a good index to reflect antioxidant activity. A positive correlation was found between antioxidant activity and antioxidant enzyme activity, and phenolic content and anthocyanin content. In general, antioxidant values are highly correlated with total phenol content, whereas a smaller linear correlation exists between antioxidant capacity and total anthocyanin content. Genotype variation, the degree of maturity at harvest, different parts of fruit tissues, preharvest conditions, and postharvest handling techniques could all affect the antioxidant profiles. This chapter discusses the factors affecting antioxidants, antioxidant enzymes, oxygen radical scavenging activities and their correlations in berry fruits. C1 ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Wang, SY (reprint author), ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM shiow.wang@ars.usda.gov NR 91 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4419-7553-9 PY 2011 BP 79 EP 97 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7554-6_4 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-7554-6 PG 19 WC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BSX35 UT WOS:000286043700004 ER PT J AU Lord, JC AF Lord, Jeffrey C. TI Influence of substrate and relative humidity on the efficacy of three entomopathogenic fungi for the hide beetle, Dermestes maculatus (Coleoptera, Dermestidae) SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dermestes maculates; Beauveria bassiana; surfaces; relative humidity ID LESSER MEALWORM COLEOPTERA; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; RHYZOPERTHA-DOMINICA; DIATOMACEOUS-EARTH; POULTRY HOUSES; CONIDIA; TEMPERATURE; TENEBRIONIDAE; FORMULATIONS AB Dermestes maculatus De Geer (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) is a carrion feeder that is also a pest of poultry houses, museums, silkworm culture, and many stored foods. The Hypocreales, Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin, Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff), and Isaria fumosorosea Wize, were tested for efficacy against D. maculatus larvae on concrete, plastic, leather, and wood surfaces. Only wood had a significant negative effect on efficacy, and B. bassiana was the most efficacious species. The conidia of all three species lost viability quickly on wood with various responses on the other surfaces. When beetle larvae were exposed to deposited B. bassiana and incubated at 43, 56, 75, or 82% relative humidity, mortality was greatest at the lowest humidity suggesting enhancement of fungal infection by desiccation stress. The results indicate that entomopathogenic Hypocreales, especially B. bassiana, may be useful for control of hide beetles when applied at a low dose to surfaces that do not impact the viability of conidia. C1 USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Lord, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM jeff.lord@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 21 IS 4 BP 475 EP 483 DI 10.1080/09583157.2011.552972 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 740BD UT WOS:000288765700005 ER PT J AU Cortes, E Goolsby, JA Moran, PJ Marcos-Garcia, MA AF Cortes, E. Goolsby, J. A. Moran, P. J. Marcos-Garcia, M. A. TI The effect of the armored scale, Rhizaspidiotus donacis (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), on shoot growth of the invasive plant Arundo donax (Poaceae: Arundinoideae) SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE weed biological control; native range studies; giant reed; growth rate ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; GIANT REED; HYMENOPTERA EURYTOMIDAE; NORTH-AMERICA; HOST-RANGE AB The effect of feeding by the armored scale, Rhizaspidiotus donacis (Leonardi, 1920) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) on the growth of the plant Arundo donax L. (Poaceae) was evaluated under field conditions in its native range. The study was designed to evaluate the impact of R. donacis, a candidate agent for biological control of A. donax which is invasive in arid riparian ecosystems of the Southwestern USA and Mexico. The study was carried out at five A. donax sites in the Province of Alicante, Spain, differing in altitude and climate. At each site, 30 infested lateral shoots were selected and 15 were randomly treated monthly with imidacloprid insecticide. Shoot lengths were measured monthly over a 1-year period in a comparative growth analysis. Shoots infested with R. donacis had an over 2-fold reduced growth rate as compared to treated shoots. Growth of shoots varied by site, and the effect of R. donacis on growth was most pronounced in the late spring, when mature females produced first instar scale crawlers. The impact of R. donacis on A. donax growth under field conditions in the native range, combined with its narrow host specificity, indicate that R. donacis is a promising candidate for biological control of A. donax in North America and other areas invaded by this weed. C1 [Cortes, E.; Marcos-Garcia, M. A.] Univ Alicante, Inst Biodiversidad CIBIO, E-03080 Alicante, Spain. [Goolsby, J. A.; Moran, P. J.] ARS, USDA, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Cortes, E (reprint author), Univ Alicante, Inst Biodiversidad CIBIO, Campus Univ San Vicente Raspeig, E-03080 Alicante, Spain. EM elena.cortes@ua.es RI Marcos Garcia, Maria Angeles/H-7925-2015 OI Marcos Garcia, Maria Angeles/0000-0002-2439-2630 FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [USDA 1-10D]; U.S. Dept. of Homeland Security FX This work has benefited from the financial support of the project 'Estudio de la biologia de la cochinilla del Arundo', ref. 'USDA 1-10D' from the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service and the U.S. Dept. of Homeland Security for the development of the Ph.D. of E.C.M. Alan Kirk (USDA-ARS, Montpellier, France); Rafael Cortes, Carolina Cortes, and Maria Dolores Mendoza are particularly thanked for their invaluable collaboration to the fieldwork. Anapaola Martinez, Raul Briones and Olga Lucia Hernandez are thanked for their help in some images and graphics of the presented work. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 21 IS 5 BP 535 EP 545 DI 10.1080/09583157.2011.559534 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 740BH UT WOS:000288766100003 ER PT J AU Jackson, MA Dunlap, CA Shearer, JF Heilman, MA Palmquist, DE AF Jackson, Mark A. Dunlap, Christopher A. Shearer, Judy F. Heilman, Mark A. Palmquist, Debra E. TI The impact of temperature on the production and fitness of microsclerotia of the fungal bioherbicide Mycoleptodiscus terrestris SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sclerotia; bioherbicide; fermentation; hydrilla; aquatic weed ID LIQUID CULTURE PRODUCTION; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENTS; COLLETOTRICHUM-TRUNCATUM; METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; HYDRILLA-VERTICILLATA; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; MANAGEMENT; PATHOGEN; GERMINATION; BIOCONTROL AB The impact of growth temperature was evaluated for the fungal plant pathogen Mycoleptodiscus terrestris over a range of temperatures (20-36 degrees C). The effect of temperature on biomass accumulation, colony forming units (cfu), and microsclerotia production was determined. Culture temperatures of 24-30 degrees C produced significantly higher biomass accumulations and 20-24 degrees C resulted in a significantly higher cfu. The growth of M. terrestris was greatly reduced at temperatures above 30 degrees C and was absent at 36 degrees C. The highest microsclerotia concentrations were produced over a wide range of temperatures (20-30 degrees C). These data suggest that a growth temperature of 24 degrees C would optimize the parameters evaluated in this study. In addition to growth parameters, we also evaluated the desiccation tolerance and storage stability of air-dried microsclerotial preparations from these cultures during storage at 4 degrees C. During 5 months storage, there was no significant difference in viability for air-dried microsclerotial preparations from cultures grown at 20-30 degrees C (>72% hyphal germination) or in conidia production (sporogenic germination) for air-dried preparations from cultures grown at 20-32 degrees C. When the effect of temperature on germination by air-dried microsclerotial preparations was evaluated, data showed that temperatures of 22-30 degrees C were optimal for hyphal and sporogenic germination. Air-dried microsclerotial preparations did not germinate hyphally at 36 degrees C or sporogenically at 20, 32, 34, or 36 degrees C. These data show that temperature does impact the growth and germination of M. terrestris and suggest that water temperature may be a critical environmental consideration for the application of air-dried M. terrestris preparations for use in controlling hydrilla. C1 [Jackson, Mark A.; Dunlap, Christopher A.; Palmquist, Debra E.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Shearer, Judy F.] USA, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Heilman, Mark A.] SePRO Corp, Whitakers, NC 27891 USA. RP Jackson, MA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM mark.jackson@ars.usda.gov FU Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission [PL114] FX Mention of trade names or commercial products in this [article] is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture'. This research was supported, in part, through funding by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Contract #PL114. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 21 IS 5 BP 547 EP 562 DI 10.1080/09583157.2011.564728 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 750TP UT WOS:000289571200001 ER PT J AU Horn, BW Dorner, JW AF Horn, Bruce W. Dorner, Joe W. TI Evaluation of different genotypes of nontoxigenic Aspergillus flavus for their ability to reduce aflatoxin contamination in peanuts SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin; Aspergillus flavus; biological control; groundnuts; peanuts ID VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY GROUPS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; INTRASPECIFIC COMPETITION; SECTION FLAVI; UNITED-STATES; A-TAMARII; PARASITICUS; SOIL; POPULATIONS; STRAINS AB Aflatoxins produced by the fungus Aspergillus flavus are potent carcinogens and account for large monetary losses worldwide in peanuts, maize, and cottonseed. Biological control in which a nontoxigenic strain of A. flavus is applied to crops at high concentrations effectively reduces aflatoxins through competition with native aflatoxigenic populations. In this study, eight nontoxigenic strains of A. flavus belonging to different vegetative compatibility groups and differing in deletion patterns within the aflatoxin gene cluster were evaluated for their ability to reduce aflatoxin B(1) when paired with eight aflatoxigenic strains on individual peanut seeds. Inoculation of wounded viable peanut seeds with conidia demonstrated that nontoxigenic strains differed in their ability to reduce aflatoxin B(1). Reductions in aflatoxin B(1) often exceeded expected reductions based on a 50:50 mixture of the two A. flavus strains, although one nontoxigenic strain significantly increased aflatoxin B(1) when paired with an aflatoxigenic strain. Therefore, nontoxigenicity alone is insufficient for selecting a biocontrol agent and it is also necessary to test the effectiveness of a nontoxigenic strain against a variety of aflatoxigenic strains. C1 [Horn, Bruce W.; Dorner, Joe W.] ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. RP Horn, BW (reprint author), ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, POB 509, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. EM bruce.horn@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 21 IS 7 BP 865 EP 876 DI 10.1080/09583157.2011.559308 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 877UK UT WOS:000299208000009 ER PT J AU Avery, PB Wekesa, VW Hunter, WB Hall, DG McKenzie, CL Osborne, LS Powell, CA Rogers, ME AF Avery, Pasco B. Wekesa, Vitalis W. Hunter, Wayne B. Hall, David G. McKenzie, Cindy L. Osborne, Lance S. Powell, Charles A. Rogers, Michael E. TI Effects of the fungus Isaria fumosorosea (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) on reduced feeding and mortality of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE citrus greening disease; blastospores; honeydew droplets; entomopathogenic fungi; antifeedants; Hypocreales ID PAECILOMYCES-FUMOSOROSEUS; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; BLASTOSPORES; BIOASSAY; CONIDIA; FLORIDA; ANTIFEEDANT; LEPIDOPTERA; CONSUMPTION AB The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is an important citrus pest primarily because it transmits bacteria putatively responsible for huanglongbing, a serious disease of citrus. We present a study on the effects of blastospore and conidial formulations of Isaria fumosorosea Wize on feeding rates and mortality of adult psyllids in laboratory bioassays. Information on quantities of honeydew droplets was used to make inferences on feeding rates. Psyllids treated with the blastospore formulation of I. fumosorosea produced fewer honeydew droplets compared to the conidial treatment and control beginning within the first 24 h after treatment. The highest daily mean number of droplets thereafter never exceeded 2.4 drops compared to 4 and 8 for the conidial treatment and control, respectively. The mean number (+/- SEM) of honeydew droplets produced per psyllid per day over 7 days was significantly higher in the control (5.5 +/- 0.5) compared to the blastospore treatment; however, there were no significant differences between the treatments. Psyllids treated with the conidial formulation of the pathogen showed no significant reduction in feeding activity until 4 days after treatment. One and 2 day's post-exposure, mortality of psyllids in the blastospore treatment ranged from 8 to 25% compared to 0% in the conidial and control treatments. By 7 days post-exposure, psyllid mortality reached 100% under both fungal treatments compared to none in the controls. This study documented that adult psyllids infected by I. fumosorosea (PFR 97) produce less honeydew than healthy psyllids and suggests that they may feed less, which could potentially reduce the spread of huanglongbing. C1 [Avery, Pasco B.; Powell, Charles A.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Wekesa, Vitalis W.; Hunter, Wayne B.; Hall, David G.; McKenzie, Cindy L.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Subtrop Insect Res Unit, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Wekesa, Vitalis W.; Osborne, Lance S.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Midflorida Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. [Rogers, Michael E.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. RP Avery, PB (reprint author), Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, 2199 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM pbavery@ufl.edu FU Citrus Research and Development Foundation FX We thank Matthew Hentz and Kathy Moulton for their technical assistance in rearing and providing D. citri, Anna Sara Hill for growing the citrus seedlings and Maria Gonzalez for the sample preparation and electron microscopy at the USDA, ARS, U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory. Thanks to Phyllis Hebert and Eliza Duane at IRREC, for their assistance in the preparation of the spray trials and evaluation of the treatments. Statistical analysis assistance and suggestions by Dr. Peter Stofella at the IRREC was greatly appreciated. Reviews by Dr. Lerry Lacey provided constructive criticism for improving the manuscript. This project was funded by the Citrus Research and Development Foundation. Mention of a trademark or proprietary product is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U. S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. NR 42 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 24 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 21 IS 9 BP 1065 EP 1078 DI 10.1080/09583157.2011.596927 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 881JO UT WOS:000299479800004 ER PT J AU Pumarino, L Alomar, O Lundgren, JG AF Pumarino, Lorena Alomar, Oscar Lundgren, Jonathan G. TI The influence of intraguild competitors on reproductive decisions by two predatory Heteroptera, Orius insidiosus (Anthocoridae) and Nabis americoferus (Nabidae) SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE predators; Nabis americoferus; Orius insidiosus; Phaseolus vulgaris; oviposition preference; predator-plant interactions ID OVIPOSITION SITE SELECTION; COLEOMEGILLA-MACULATA COLEOPTERA; ROSEIPENNIS HEMIPTERA; INTRAPLANT DISTRIBUTION; OMNIVOROUS BUG; SWEET CORN; PREFERENCE; PLANT; PREY; ALFALFA AB The relationship between the oviposition site preferences of predators in the face of intraguild competitors has received little attention, but it likely shapes the reproductive ecology of predatory species. In this study, oviposition intensity and the within-plant distribution of Orius insidiosus (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) and Nabis americoferus (Heteroptera: Nabidae) eggs on Phaseolus vulgaris plants was studied when the two species were present independently or in combination. Both predators laid more eggs in the presence of the other species relative to when they were only exposed to conspecifics. When only exposed to conspecifics, O. insidiosus preferred to lay eggs on leaves and petioles on the upper half of the plant, whereas N. americoferus laid eggs mostly on the petioles and petiolules equally throughout the height of the plant. But when both species were present, O. insidiosus preferred to lay eggs on the leaf, whereas N. americoferus altered their behavior to lay an even greater proportion of their eggs on the petioles and petiolules. They altered their preferences for different plant strata too: N. americoferus laid more eggs on the upper quarter of the plant when O. insidiosus was present, and O. insidiosus was marginally more likely to lay eggs lower on the plant in the presence of N. americoferus. This study indicates that these two Cimicomorpha can detect the presence of one another, and that they adjust their reproductive decisions, presumably to avoid potential competitive interactions. C1 [Lundgren, Jonathan G.] ARS, USDA, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Pumarino, Lorena; Alomar, Oscar] IRTA, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain. RP Lundgren, JG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM jonathan.lundgren@ars.usda.gov RI Alomar, Oscar/A-1520-2009 OI Alomar, Oscar/0000-0002-8756-871X FU Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) [AGL2006-08726, AGL2008-00546] FX We thank Janet Fergen, Mallory Johnson, Chloe Kruse, and Ryan Schmid for their technical assistance in carrying out this project. Lorena Pumarino was supported by a FPI doctorate fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) associated to the projects AGL2006-08726 and AGL2008-00546. Drs Beth Choate (USDA-ARS) and Michael Seagraves (Driscoll's Strawberry Associates) provided helpful comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. Mention of any proprietary products does not constitute endorsement by the USDA. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 21 IS 11 BP 1321 EP 1330 DI 10.1080/09583157.2011.622837 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 881JS UT WOS:000299480400005 ER PT J AU Foster, RN Jaronski, S Reuter, KC Black, LR Schlothauer, R Harper, J Jech, LE AF Foster, R. Nelson Jaronski, Stefan Reuter, K. Chris Black, Lonnie R. Schlothauer, Robin Harper, Justin Jech, Larry E. TI Simulated aerial sprays for field cage evaluation of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium brunneum (Ascomycetes: Hypocreales) against Anabrus simplex (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) in Montana SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Beauveria bassiana; Metarhizium brunneum; Anabrus simplex; Mormon cricket; fungal pathogens ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; VEGETATIVE GROWTH; THERMAL-BEHAVIOR; TEMPERATURE; GRASSHOPPER; ANISOPLIAE; MYCOSIS; THERMOREGULATION; FLAVOVIRIDE; INFECTION AB Field efficacy of the entomopathogenic Ascomycetes Beauveria bassiana strain GHA and Metarhizium brunneum strain F52 was evaluated against nymphs of the Mormon cricket, Anabrus simplex. Fungi were applied with a new apparatus that allows simulated aerial sprays to 0.1-m(2) areas in the field. The Mormon crickets were then individually housed in cylindrical, metal hardware cloth cages on treated grass. Both fungi demonstrated only marginal success in reducing immature Mormon cricket survival in the field cages. After 28 days, the field mortality of insects, corrected for control deaths, was 28 and 45% for B. bassiana and M. brunneum, respectively. Field-exposed but laboratory-incubated insects, however, suffered 90-100% mortality within 12 days with initial deaths occurring on Day 6 (Beauveria) or Day 5 (Metarhizium), indicating a lethal rate was applied and acquired by the crickets in the field. Potential daily body temperatures were determined for the entire post-treatment observation period using special thermal surrogates. High ambient temperatures and/or thermoregulation by Mormon crickets, in excess of the upper thermal limits of both fungi, prevented higher mortality from being expressed in the field. Thermal surrogates were used to develop models for predicting onset of mortality from infections. The surrogate data indicated mortality should begin between 8 and 26 days after treatment with M. brunneum and 11 and 33 days after treatment with B. bassiana. The timing of mortality in field cages was consistent with the upper boundaries of the temporal models developed from the thermal surrogates, i.e., at or after 28 days after treatment. C1 [Foster, R. Nelson; Reuter, K. Chris; Black, Lonnie R.; Jech, Larry E.] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. [Jaronski, Stefan; Schlothauer, Robin; Harper, Justin] ARS, USDA, NPARL, Sidney, MT USA. RP Foster, RN (reprint author), USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. EM Nelson.Foster@aphis.usda.gov RI Jaronski, Stefan/E-8507-2012 OI Jaronski, Stefan/0000-0002-7789-0406 NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 21 IS 11 BP 1331 EP 1350 DI 10.1080/09583157.2011.620080 PG 20 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 881JS UT WOS:000299480400006 ER PT J AU Cortes, E Kirk, AA Goolsby, JA Moran, PJ Racelis, AE Marcos-Garcia, MA AF Cortes, E. Kirk, A. A. Goolsby, J. A. Moran, P. J. Racelis, A. E. Marcos-Garcia, M. A. TI Impact of the Arundo scale Rhizaspidiotus donacis (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) on the weight of Arundo donax (Poaceae: Arundinoideae) rhizomes in Languedoc southern France and Mediterranean Spain SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE native range; impact studies; pre-release efficacy; biological control of weeds; giant reed ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; GIANT REED; TETRAMESA-ROMANA; NORTH-AMERICA; HOST-RANGE; WASP AB Arundo donax L. (Poaceae) is native to Mediterranean Europe and invasive in the Rio Grande Basin of North America. Rhizomes from nine sites in France and Spain infested with a candidate control agent, the armoured scale Rhizaspidiotus donacis (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) weighed 50% less than those from nine sites without scale. C1 [Cortes, E.; Marcos-Garcia, M. A.] Univ Alicante, Inst Invest, CIBIO, Ctr Iberoamericano Biodiversidad, Alicante 03690, Spain. [Kirk, A. A.] United States Dept Agr, Agr Res Serv, European Biol Control Lab, F-34988 Montferrier Sur Lez, France. [Goolsby, J. A.; Moran, P. J.; Racelis, A. E.] ARS, USDA, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Cortes, E (reprint author), Univ Alicante, Inst Invest, CIBIO, Ctr Iberoamericano Biodiversidad, Alicante 03690, Spain. EM elena.cortes@ua.es RI Marcos Garcia, Maria Angeles/H-7925-2015 OI Marcos Garcia, Maria Angeles/0000-0002-2439-2630 NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 21 IS 11 BP 1369 EP 1373 DI 10.1080/09583157.2011.606558 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 881JS UT WOS:000299480400009 ER PT J AU Boyette, CD Gealy, D Hoagland, RE Vaughn, KC Bowling, AJ AF Boyette, C. Douglas Gealy, David Hoagland, Robert E. Vaughn, Kevin C. Bowling, Andrew J. TI Hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) control in rice (Oryza sativa) with the bioherbicidal fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp aeschynomene formulated in an invert emulsion SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bioherbicide; biocontrol; hemp sesbania; Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp aeschynomene; invert emulsion ID UNREFINED CORN-OIL; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; HOST-RANGE; NORTHERN JOINTVETCH; TRUNCATUM; MYCOHERBICIDE; INTERFERENCE; VIRULENCE AB In greenhouse and field experiments, an invert emulsion (MSG 8.25) was tested with dried, formulated spores of the bioherbicidal fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. aeschynomene, a highly virulent pathogen of the leguminous weed Aeschynomene virginica (northern jointvetch), but considered 'immune' against another more serious leguminous weed, Sesbania exaltata (hemp sesbania). A 1: 1 (v/v) fungus/invert emulsion mixture resulted in 100% infection and mortality of inoculated hemp sesbania seedlings over a 21-day period under greenhouse conditions. In replicated field tests of the fungus/invert formulation conducted in Stuttgart, AR, and Stoneville, MS, hemp sesbania was controlled 85 and 90%, respectively. These results suggest that this invert emulsion expands the host range of C. gloeosporioides f. sp. aeschynomene, with a concomitant improvement of the bioherbicidal potential of this pathogen. C1 [Boyette, C. Douglas] USDA ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Gealy, David] USDA ARS, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. [Hoagland, Robert E.; Vaughn, Kevin C.] USDA ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Bowling, Andrew J.] Dow Ind, Indianapolis, IN USA. RP Boyette, CD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM doug.boyette@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 21 IS 12 BP 1399 EP 1407 DI 10.1080/09583157.2011.625398 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 881JT UT WOS:000299480500002 ER PT J AU Cossentine, J Jaronski, S Thistlewood, H Yee, W AF Cossentine, J. Jaronski, S. Thistlewood, H. Yee, W. TI Impact of Metarhizium brunneum (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) on pre-imaginal Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera: Tephritidae) within and on the surface of orchard soil SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Metarhizium brunneum; Rhagoletis indifferens; Tephritidae; cherry fruit fly; mycosis; entomopathogenic fungi ID CHERRY FRUIT-FLY; DIFFERENT LIFE STAGES; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; ANISOPLIAE; PUPARIA; SUSCEPTIBILITY; MORTALITY; ADULTS AB When last instar laboratory-reared Rhagoletis indifferens were allowed to pupate within non-sterile orchard soil containing incorporated Metarhizium brunneum isolate F52 conidia, a dose-related proportion died from developmental abnormalities and mycosis. When larvae entered soil superficially treated with M. brunneum, over 80% of the pupae died of developmental abnormalities. C1 [Cossentine, J.; Thistlewood, H.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Pacific Agri Food Res Ctr, Summerland, BC V0H 1Z0, Canada. [Jaronski, S.] USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT USA. [Yee, W.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA USA. RP Cossentine, J (reprint author), Agr & Agri Food Canada, Pacific Agri Food Res Ctr, Summerland, BC V0H 1Z0, Canada. EM joan.cossentine@agr.gc.ca RI Jaronski, Stefan/E-8507-2012; OI Jaronski, Stefan/0000-0002-7789-0406; Thistlewood, Howard/0000-0003-4703-0402 FU Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada FX The authors are grateful for the help of P. Randall and B. Rozema (AAFC, Summerland, BC). This research was funded by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 21 IS 12 BP 1501 EP 1505 DI 10.1080/09583157.2011.625397 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 881JT UT WOS:000299480500010 ER PT J AU Prischmann-Voldseth, DA Lundgren, JG AF Prischmann-Voldseth, Deirdre A. Lundgren, Jonathan G. TI Tracking predation of subterranean pests: digestion of corn rootworm DNA by a generalist mite SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE quantitative PCR; gut content analysis; western corn rootworm; Diabrotica; soil mite ID COLEOPTERA-CHRYSOMELIDAE; MOLECULAR-DETECTION; ORIBATID MITES; PCR AB qPCR is a useful tool for understanding predator-prey relationships. We investigated rootworm DNA digestion by male and female predatory mites. Males and females initially consumed comparable amounts of DNA, which was digested at similar rates. Field-collected mites need to be preserved quickly for best qPCR results. C1 [Prischmann-Voldseth, Deirdre A.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Lundgren, Jonathan G.] USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Prischmann-Voldseth, DA (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM Deirdre.Prischmann@ndsu.edu FU NCIPMC [2007-04967-16] FX Thanks to Eric Knutson, Gene Schmidt, Janet Fergen, Chad Nielson, and Wade French. This project was funded by the NCIPMC, Subaward No. 2007-04967-16. Mention of any proprietary products does not constitute endorsement by the USDA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 21 IS 12 BP 1507 EP 1510 DI 10.1080/09583157.2011.632079 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 881JT UT WOS:000299480500011 ER PT B AU Kerfeld, CA Kirilovsky, D AF Kerfeld, Cheryl A. Kirilovsky, Diana BE Peschek, GA Obinger, C Renger, G TI Photoprotection in Cyanobacteria: The Orange Carotenoid Protein and Energy Dissipation SO BIOENERGETIC PROCESSES OF CYANOBACTERIA: FROM EVOLUTIONARY SINGULARITY TO ECOLOGICAL DIVERSITY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PHOTOACTIVE YELLOW PROTEIN; MEDIATED SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; SYNECHOCYSTIS SP PCC-6803; PHOTOTROPIN 1 LOV2; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; BLUE-LIGHT; PHYCOBILISOME FLUORESCENCE; PORPHYRIDIUM-CRUENTUM; STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; STATE TRANSITIONS C1 [Kerfeld, Cheryl A.] Joint Genome Inst, USDA, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. [Kerfeld, Cheryl A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kirilovsky, Diana] CEA Saclay, Inst Biol & Technol Saclay iBiTec S, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Kerfeld, CA (reprint author), Joint Genome Inst, USDA, 2800 Mitchell Dr, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. EM ckerfeld@lbl.gov NR 72 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-94-007-0352-0 PY 2011 BP 395 EP 421 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-0388-9_14 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-0388-9 PG 27 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA BVP50 UT WOS:000292220100014 ER PT B AU Ho, KK Kerfeld, CA Krogmann, DW AF Ho, Kwok Ki Kerfeld, Cheryl A. Krogmann, David W. BE Peschek, GA Obinger, C Renger, G TI The Water-Soluble Cytochromes of Cyanobacteria SO BIOENERGETIC PROCESSES OF CYANOBACTERIA: FROM EVOLUTIONARY SINGULARITY TO ECOLOGICAL DIVERSITY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BLUE-GREEN ALGA; SYNECHOCYSTIS SP PCC-6803; 554 ANACYSTIS NIDULANS; C-TYPE CYTOCHROME; THERMOSYNECHOCOCCUS-ELONGATUS; PLECTONEMA-BORYANUM; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; ARTHROSPIRA-MAXIMA; ELECTRON-DONORS; PLASTOCYANIN C1 [Ho, Kwok Ki; Krogmann, David W.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biochem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kerfeld, Cheryl A.] Joint Genome Inst, USDA, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. RP Krogmann, DW (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Biochem, 175 S Univ St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM ckerfeld@lbl.gov; krogmann@purdue.edu NR 56 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-94-007-0352-0 PY 2011 BP 515 EP 540 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-0388-9_18 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-0388-9 PG 26 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA BVP50 UT WOS:000292220100018 ER PT J AU Rosentrater, KA AF Rosentrater, Kurt A. BE Bernardes, MAD TI Overview of Corn-Based Fuel Ethanol Coproducts: Production and Use SO BIOFUEL'S ENGINEERING PROCESS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS; NEUTRAL DETERGENT FIBER; LAWSONIA-INTRACELLULARIS CHALLENGE; AMINO-ACID DIGESTIBILITY; LACTATING DAIRY-COWS; TRUE METABOLIZABLE ENERGY; GRAZING WINTER ANNUALS; RUMINAL ESCAPE PROTEIN; GROWER-FINISHER PIGS; GROWING PIGS C1 [Rosentrater, Kurt A.] ARS, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Rosentrater, KA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 98 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-480-1 PY 2011 BP 141 EP 166 D2 10.5772/961 PG 26 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA BG1KJ UT WOS:000386854700008 ER PT J AU Pan, Y Chen, JM Birdsey, R McCullough, K He, L Deng, F AF Pan, Y. Chen, J. M. Birdsey, R. McCullough, K. He, L. Deng, F. TI Age structure and disturbance legacy of North American forests SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID OLD-GROWTH FORESTS; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; FIRE EXCLUSION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; CANADA FORESTS; UNITED-STATES; VEGETATION; SINKS; SATELLITE; HISTORY AB Most forests of the world are recovering from a past disturbance. It is well known that forest disturbances profoundly affect carbon stocks and fluxes in forest ecosystems, yet it has been a great challenge to assess disturbance impacts in estimates of forest carbon budgets. Net sequestration or loss of CO(2) by forests after disturbance follows a predictable pattern with forest recovery. Forest age, which is related to time since disturbance, is a useful surrogate variable for analyses of the impact of disturbance on forest carbon. In this study, we compiled the first continental forest age map of North America by combining forest inventory data, historical fire data, optical satellite data and the dataset from NASA's Landsat Ecosystem Disturbance Adaptive Processing System (LEDAPS) project. A companion map of the standard deviations for age estimates was developed for quantifying uncertainty. We discuss the significance of the disturbance legacy from the past, as represented by current forest age structure in different regions of the US and Canada, by analyzing the causes of disturbances from land management and nature over centuries and at various scales. We also show how such information can be used with inventory data for analyzing carbon management opportunities. By combining geographic information about forest age with estimated C dynamics by forest type, it is possible to conduct a simple but powerful analysis of the net CO2 uptake by forests, and the potential for increasing (or decreasing) this rate as a result of direct human intervention in the disturbance/age status. Finally, we describe how the forest age data can be used in large-scale carbon modeling, both for land-based biogeochemistry models and atmosphere-based inversion models, in order to improve the spatial accuracy of carbon cycle simulations. C1 [Pan, Y.; Birdsey, R.; McCullough, K.] US Forest Serv, No Global Change Program, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Chen, J. M.; He, L.; Deng, F.] Univ Toronto, Dept Geog, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada. RP Pan, Y (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Global Change Program, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. EM ypan@fs.fed.us RI Pan, Yude/F-6145-2015; OI Deng, Feng/0000-0002-1381-0243; He, Liming/0000-0003-4010-6814 FU NASA [NNH09AM30I, NNH08AH971]; Forest Service Global Change Research Program; Canadian Foundation of Climate and Atmospheric Sciences; US Department of Agriculture; Natural Science and Engineering Council of Canada FX Yude Pan and Richard Birdsey acknowledge support from NASA grants (NNH09AM30I and NNH08AH971) and the Forest Service Global Change Research Program. Jing Chen acknowledges support from the Canadian Carbon Program funded by the Canadian Foundation of Climate and Atmospheric Sciences, as well as funding support from US Department of Agriculture and Natural Science and Engineering Council of Canada. We are thankful to John Hom for his useful methodological advice. We owe great thanks to three anonymous reviewers and the editor for their critical and constructive comments, which have substantially improved this manuscript. NR 59 TC 86 Z9 89 U1 3 U2 63 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2011 VL 8 IS 3 BP 715 EP 732 DI 10.5194/bg-8-715-2011 PG 18 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 742AU UT WOS:000288911300013 ER PT J AU Neto, ES Carmo, JB Keller, M Martins, SC Alves, LF Vieira, SA Piccolo, MC Camargo, P Couto, HTZ Joly, CA Martinelli, LA AF Sousa Neto, E. Carmo, J. B. Keller, M. Martins, S. C. Alves, L. F. Vieira, S. A. Piccolo, M. C. Camargo, P. Couto, H. T. Z. Joly, C. A. Martinelli, L. A. TI Soil-atmosphere exchange of nitrous oxide, methane and carbon dioxide in a gradient of elevation in the coastal Brazilian Atlantic forest SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; CO2 EMISSIONS; COSTA-RICA; GAS FLUXES; N2O; PASTURE; AMAZON; AVAILABILITY; CONSERVATION AB Soils of tropical forests are important to the global budgets of greenhouse gases. The Brazilian Atlantic Forest is the second largest tropical moist forest area of South America, after the vast Amazonian domain. This study aimed to investigate the emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) fluxes along an altitudinal transect and the relation between these fluxes and other climatic, edaphic and biological variables (temperature, fine roots, litterfall, and soil moisture). Annual means of N2O flux were 3.9 (+/- 0.4), 1.0 (+/- 0.1), and 0.9 (+/- 0.2) ng N cm(-2) h(-1) at altitudes 100, 400, and 1000 m, respectively. On an annual basis, soils consumed CH4 at all altitudes with annual means of -1.0 (+/- 0.2), -1.8 (+/- 0.3), and -1.6 (+/- 0.1) mg m(-2) d(-1) at 100 m, 400 m and 1000 m, respectively. Estimated mean annual fluxes of CO2 were 3.5, 3.6, and 3.4 mu mol m(-2) s(-1) at altitudes 100, 400 and 1000 m, respectively. N2O fluxes were significantly influenced by soil moisture and temperature. Soil-atmosphere exchange of CH4 responded to changes in soil moisture. Carbon dioxide emissions were strongly influenced by soil temperature. While the temperature gradient observed at our sites is only an imperfect proxy for climatic warming, our results suggest that an increase in air and soil temperatures may result in increases in decomposition rates and gross inorganic nitrogen fluxes that could support consequent increases in soil N2O and CO2 emissions and soil CH4 consumption. C1 [Sousa Neto, E.; Martins, S. C.; Vieira, S. A.; Piccolo, M. C.; Camargo, P.; Martinelli, L. A.] CENA USP, Ctr Energia Nucl Agr, Lab Ecol Isotop, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Carmo, J. B.] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Keller, M.] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, San Juan, PR USA. [Alves, L. F.] Univ Colorado, INSTAAR, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Alves, L. F.] Inst Bot, Secao Ecol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Couto, H. T. Z.] ESALQ USP, Escola Super Agr Luiz de Queiroz, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Joly, C. A.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Dept Biol Vegetal IB UNICAMP, BR-13081970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. RP Neto, ES (reprint author), CENA USP, Ctr Energia Nucl Agr, Lab Ecol Isotop, Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM eraklito@gmail.com RI Carmo, Janaina/D-5648-2013; piccolo, marisa /D-6149-2012; Martinelli, Luiz/F-7870-2011; Vieira, Simone/H-1225-2011; Keller, Michael/A-8976-2012; Camargo, Plinio/D-6635-2012; Alves, Luciana/E-1141-2012; Sousa Neto, Eraclito/G-4521-2012; JOLY, Carlos/H-7925-2012; JOLY, Carlos/C-4523-2012 OI Martinelli, Luiz/0000-0002-7103-7551; Vieira, Simone/0000-0002-0129-4181; Keller, Michael/0000-0002-0253-3359; Alves, Luciana/0000-0002-8944-1851; Sousa Neto, Eraclito/0000-0002-1140-7872; JOLY, Carlos/0000-0002-7945-2805 FU State of Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2005/57549-8]; Thematic Project Functional Gradient [FAPESP 03/12595-7]; BIOTA/FAPESP FX This research was supported by the State of Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) as a scholarship (2005/57549-8) and as part of the Thematic Project Functional Gradient (FAPESP 03/12595-7 to C. A. Joly and L. A. Martinelli), within the BIOTA/FAPESP Program - The Biodiversity Virtual Institute (www.biota.org.br). COTEC/IF 41.065/2005 and IBAMA/CGEN 093/2005 permit. We gratefully acknowledge the field assistance of Edmar Mazzi, Osvaldo Santos, Salvador Santos, and laboratory assistance of Fabiana Fracassi, Paulo Queiroz, Simoni Grilo and several graduate students. NR 53 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 38 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2011 VL 8 IS 3 BP 733 EP 742 DI 10.5194/bg-8-733-2011 PG 10 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 742AU UT WOS:000288911300014 ER PT J AU Feldpausch, TR Banin, L Phillips, OL Baker, TR Lewis, SL Quesada, CA Affum-Baffoe, K Arets, EJMM Berry, NJ Bird, M Brondizio, ES de Camargo, P Chave, J Djagbletey, G Domingues, TF Drescher, M Fearnside, PM Franca, MB Fyllas, NM Lopez-Gonzalez, G Hladik, A Higuchi, N Hunter, MO Iida, Y Salim, KA Kassim, AR Keller, M Kemp, J King, DA Lovett, JC Marimon, BS Marimon, BH Lenza, E Marshall, AR Metcalfe, DJ Mitchard, ETA Moran, EF Nelson, BW Nilus, R Nogueira, EM Palace, M Patino, S Peh, KSH Raventos, MT Reitsma, JM Saiz, G Schrodt, F Sonke, B Taedoumg, HE Tan, S White, L Woll, H Lloyd, J AF Feldpausch, T. R. Banin, L. Phillips, O. L. Baker, T. R. Lewis, S. L. Quesada, C. A. Affum-Baffoe, K. Arets, E. J. M. M. Berry, N. J. Bird, M. Brondizio, E. S. de Camargo, P. Chave, J. Djagbletey, G. Domingues, T. F. Drescher, M. Fearnside, P. M. Franca, M. B. Fyllas, N. M. Lopez-Gonzalez, G. Hladik, A. Higuchi, N. Hunter, M. O. Iida, Y. Salim, K. A. Kassim, A. R. Keller, M. Kemp, J. King, D. A. Lovett, J. C. Marimon, B. S. Marimon-Junior, B. H. Lenza, E. Marshall, A. R. Metcalfe, D. J. Mitchard, E. T. A. Moran, E. F. Nelson, B. W. Nilus, R. Nogueira, E. M. Palace, M. Patino, S. Peh, K. S. -H. Raventos, M. T. Reitsma, J. M. Saiz, G. Schrodt, F. Sonke, B. Taedoumg, H. E. Tan, S. White, L. Woell, H. Lloyd, J. TI Height-diameter allometry of tropical forest trees SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID AMAZON RAIN-FOREST; ELFIN CLOUD FOREST; LEAF GAS-EXCHANGE; MONTANE FOREST; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; HYDRAULIC ARCHITECTURE; ALTITUDINAL TRANSECT; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; NEOTROPICAL FOREST AB Tropical tree height-diameter (H:D) relationships may vary by forest type and region making large-scale estimates of above-ground biomass subject to bias if they ignore these differences in stem allometry. We have therefore developed a new global tropical forest database consisting of 39 955 concurrent H and D measurements encompassing 283 sites in 22 tropical countries. Utilising this database, our objectives were: 1. to determine if H:D relationships differ by geographic region and forest type (wet to dry forests, including zones of tension where forest and savanna overlap). 2. to ascertain if the H:D relationship is modulated by climate and/or forest structural characteristics (e.g. stand-level basal area, A). 3. to develop H:D allometric equations and evaluate biases to reduce error in future local-to-global estimates of tropical forest biomass. Annual precipitation coefficient of variation (P-V), dry season length (S-D), and mean annual air temperature (T-A) emerged as key drivers of variation in H:D relationships at the pantropical and region scales. Vegetation structure also played a role with trees in forests of a high A being, on average, taller at any given D. After the effects of environment and forest structure are taken into account, two main regional groups can be identified. Forests in Asia, Africa and the Guyana Shield all have, on average, similar H:D relationships, but with trees in the forests of much of the Amazon Basin and tropical Australia typically being shorter at any given D than their counterparts elsewhere. The region-environment-structure model with the lowest Akaike's information criterion and lowest deviation estimated stand-level H across all plots to within a median -2.7 to 0.9% of the true value. Some of the plot-to-plot variability in H:D relationships not accounted for by this model could be attributed to variations in soil physical conditions. Other things being equal, trees tend to be more slender in the absence of soil physical constraints, especially at smaller D. Pantropical and continental-level models provided less robust estimates of H, especially when the roles of climate and stand structure in modulating H:D allometry were not simultaneously taken into account. C1 [Quesada, C. A.; Fearnside, P. M.; Franca, M. B.; Higuchi, N.; Nelson, B. W.; Nogueira, E. M.] INPA, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Affum-Baffoe, K.] Forestry Commiss Ghana, Kumasi, Ghana. [Arets, E. J. M. M.] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Ctr Ecosyst Studies, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Arets, E. J. M. M.; Drescher, M.] Programa Manejo Bosques Amazonia Boliviana PROMAB, Riberalta, Bolivia. [Bird, M.; Saiz, G.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Geog & Geosci, St Andrews KY16 9AL, Fife, Scotland. [Brondizio, E. S.; Moran, E. F.] Indiana Univ, Dept Anthropol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Brondizio, E. S.; Moran, E. F.] Indiana Univ, Anthropol Ctr Training & Res Global Environm Chan, Bloomington, IN USA. [de Camargo, P.] Ctr Energia Nucl Agri, BR-13400970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chave, J.] Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, Lab EDB UMR 5174, F-31062 Toulouse, France. [Djagbletey, G.] Forest Res Inst Ghana FORIG, Kumasi, Ghana. [Domingues, T. F.; Mitchard, E. T. A.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch GeoSci, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, Midlothian, Scotland. [Drescher, M.] Univ Waterloo, Sch Planning, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Hladik, A.] MNHN, Dept Hommes, F-91800 Brunoy, France. [Hunter, M. O.; Keller, M.; Palace, M.] Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Iida, Y.] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Environm Sci, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan. [Salim, K. A.] Univ Brunei Darussalam, Dept Biol, Kuala Belalong Field Studies Ctr, BE-1410 Jalan Tungku Link, Brunei. [Kassim, A. R.] FRIM, Kepong 52109, Selangor Darul, Malaysia. [Keller, M.] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. [Kemp, J.] Queensland Herbarium, Dept Environm & Resource Management, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia. [King, D. A.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Marshall, A. R.] Univ York, Dept Environm, CIRCLE, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Marshall, A. R.] Univ York, Dept Environm, CIRCLE, Flamingo Land, N Yorkshire, England. [Lovett, J. C.] Univ Twente, Twente Ctr Studies Technol & Sustainable Dev, CSTM, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. [Marimon, B. S.; Marimon-Junior, B. H.; Lenza, E.] Univ Estado Mato Grosso, BR-78690000 Nova Xavantina, MT, Brazil. [Metcalfe, D. J.] Trop Forest Res Ctr, CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Atherton, Qld 4883, Australia. [Nilus, R.] Forest Res Ctr, Sabah Forestry Dept, Sandakan 90715, Malaysia. [Patino, S.] Univ Nacl Colombia Amazonia, Leticia, Amazonas, Colombia. [Reitsma, J. M.] Bur Waardenburg, NL-4100 AJ Culemborg, Netherlands. [Sonke, B.; Taedoumg, H. E.] Univ Yaounde I, Higher Teachers Training Coll, Dept Biol, Plant Systemat & Ecol Lab, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Tan, S.] Sarawak Forestry Corp, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. [White, L.] IRET, Libreville, Gabon. [Feldpausch, T. R.; Banin, L.; Phillips, O. L.; Baker, T. R.; Lewis, S. L.; Quesada, C. A.; Berry, N. J.; Fyllas, N. M.; Lopez-Gonzalez, G.; Patino, S.; Peh, K. S. -H.; Schrodt, F.; Lloyd, J.] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Earth & Biosphere Inst, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. RP Feldpausch, TR (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Earth & Biosphere Inst, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. EM t.r.feldpausch@leeds.ac.uk; lindsay.banin@gmail.com RI Camargo, Plinio/D-6635-2012; Phillips, Oliver/A-1523-2011; Servamb, Inct/K-3437-2013; Arets, Eric/C-1050-2008; Lenza, Eddie/E-7232-2013; Marimon, Beatriz/J-6389-2012; Schrodt, Franziska/D-2260-2017; Marimon Junior, Ben Hur/E-7330-2013; Feldpausch, Ted/D-3436-2009; Metcalfe, Daniel/G-3305-2010; Saiz, Gustavo/F-3994-2011; Domingues, Tomas/G-9707-2011; Keller, Michael/A-8976-2012; James Cook University, TESS/B-8171-2012; Lloyd, Jonathan/F-8893-2010; Bird, Michael/G-5364-2010; Fearnside, Philip/D-6559-2011; Peh, Kelvin/C-3408-2013 OI Mitchard, Edward/0000-0002-5690-4055; Lewis, Simon/0000-0002-8066-6851; Saiz, Gustavo/0000-0001-7794-4403; Fyllas, Nikolaos/0000-0002-5651-5578; Phillips, Oliver/0000-0002-8993-6168; Arets, Eric/0000-0001-7209-9028; Lenza, Eddie/0000-0001-9139-5949; Schrodt, Franziska/0000-0001-9053-8872; Feldpausch, Ted/0000-0002-6631-7962; Metcalfe, Daniel/0000-0001-6853-7072; Domingues, Tomas/0000-0003-2857-9838; Keller, Michael/0000-0002-0253-3359; Lloyd, Jonathan/0000-0002-5458-9960; Bird, Michael/0000-0003-1801-8703; Fearnside, Philip/0000-0003-3672-9082; Peh, Kelvin/0000-0002-2921-1341 FU NERC through the Tropical Biomes in Transition (TROBIT) Consortium; AMA-ZONICA; AfriTRON; RAINFOR network; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; NERC; Royal Society University Research; Malaysian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI); Tropenbos International; European Commission [B7-6201/98-13/FOR]; Large-scale Biosphere Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (LBA) under the leadership of the Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology (MCT [ND-11, CD-37, CD-41, TG-07]; PELD-CNPq; PROCAD-CAPES; Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) FX Research was supported by NERC through the Tropical Biomes in Transition (TROBIT) Consortium; AMA-ZONICA; AfriTRON and the RAINFOR network with additional support from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. LB was supported by a NERC PhD Studentship and Henrietta Hutton Grant (RGS-IBG); SLL was supported by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship; some African data was collected under a NERC New Investigator Award (AfriTRON); Additional support was provided by EScFund grant of the Malaysian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI); Tropenbos International and the European Commission (project B7-6201/98-13/FOR); Large-scale Biosphere Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (LBA) (ND-11, CD-37, CD-41, and TG-07) under the leadership of the Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology (MCT); PELD-CNPq and PROCAD-CAPES; and, the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). For provision of, or help in collecting data we thank A. W. Graham, M. G. Bradford, A. Ford, D. Wilson, K. Davies, M. Johnson, J. Grace, P. Meir, CSIRO and the Australian Canopy Crane Research Station, James Cook University (Australia), L. Arroyo, E. Chavez, T. Killeen, A. Sota, M. Steininger, J. S. Taborga, (Bolivia); Rohden Industria Lignea Ltda, J. Barroso, W. Castro, E. Couto, C. A. Passos (deceased), P. Nunes, D. Sasaki, M. Silveira, D. M. de Freitas, G. B. da S. Oliveira, E. C. M. Fernandes, S. Riha, J. Lehmann, I. O. Valerio Costa, L. Maracahipes, E. A. Oliveira, H. A. Mews, D. V. Silverio, Instituto de Pesquisa da Amazonia (IPAM), Woods Hole Research Center (WHRC) and Grupo Amaggi at Fazenda Tanguro (Brazil); L. Blanc (French Guiana); J. H. Ovalle, M. M. Solorzano (Peru); R. Sukri, M. Salleh A. B. (Brunei); D. Burslem, C. Maycock (Sabah); L. Chong, S. Davies, R. Shutine, L. K. Kho (Sarawak); for logistical aid and maintenance of the large scale forest dynamics plots at Pasoh Forest Reserve, Malaysia and Lambir Hills National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia, we thank, respectively, the Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) and the Sarawak Forestry Corporation, Malaysia, the Center for Tropical Forest Science - Arnold Arboretum Asia Program of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and Harvard University, USA and Osaka City University, Japan and their funding agencies; V. O. Sene, J. Sonke, K. C. Nguembou; M.-N. Djuikouo K., R. Fotso and Wildlife Conservation Society, Cameroon, ECOFAC-Cameroon, Cameroon Ministry Scientific Research and Innovation, Cameroon Ministry of Forests and Fauna (MINFOF; Cameroon); A. Moungazi, S. Mbadinga, H. Bourobou, L. N. Banak, T. Nzebi, K. Jeffery, SEGC/CIRMF/WCS Research Station Lope (Gabon); K. Ntim, K. Opoku, Forestry Commission of Ghana (Ghana); A. K. Daniels, S. Chinekei, J. T. Woods, J. Poker, L. Poorter, Forest Development Authority (Liberia), Valuing the Arc Program, Leverhulme Trust, N. Burgess, A. Balmford, P. K. T. Munishi (Tanzania). This research was only made possible with the enthusiastic help of many field assistants from across Africa, Asia, Australia, and South America, with Shiela Lloyd also providing invaluable assistance with manuscript preperation. NR 134 TC 122 Z9 125 U1 13 U2 128 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 EI 1726-4189 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2011 VL 8 IS 5 BP 1081 EP 1106 DI 10.5194/bg-8-1081-2011 PG 26 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 769HK UT WOS:000291003200004 ER PT J AU Yuan, W Luo, Y Liang, S Yu, G Niu, S Stoy, P Chen, J Desai, AR Lindroth, A Gough, CM Ceulemans, R Arain, A Bernhofer, C Cook, B Cook, DR Dragoni, D Gielen, B Janssens, IA Longdoz, B Liu, H Lund, M Matteucci, G Moors, E Scott, RL Seufert, G Varner, R AF Yuan, W. Luo, Y. Liang, S. Yu, G. Niu, S. Stoy, P. Chen, J. Desai, A. R. Lindroth, A. Gough, C. M. Ceulemans, R. Arain, A. Bernhofer, C. Cook, B. Cook, D. R. Dragoni, D. Gielen, B. Janssens, I. A. Longdoz, B. Liu, H. Lund, M. Matteucci, G. Moors, E. Scott, R. L. Seufert, G. Varner, R. TI Thermal adaptation of net ecosystem exchange SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; LONG-TERM MEASUREMENTS; OAK-DOMINATED FOREST; SCOTS PINE FOREST; SUB-ALPINE FOREST; SOIL RESPIRATION; DECIDUOUS FOREST; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; TEMPERATE FOREST; EUROPEAN FORESTS AB Thermal adaptation of gross primary production and ecosystem respiration has been well documented over broad thermal gradients. However, no study has examined their interaction as a function of temperature, i.e. the thermal responses of net ecosystem exchange of carbon (NEE). In this study, we constructed temperature response curves of NEE against temperature using 380 site-years of eddy covariance data at 72 forest, grassland and shrubland ecosystems located at latitudes ranging from similar to 29 degrees N to 64 degrees N. The response curves were used to define two critical temperatures: transition temperature (T-b) at which ecosystem transfer from carbon source to sink and optimal temperature (T-o) at which carbon uptake is maximized. T-b was strongly correlated with annual mean air temperature. T-o was strongly correlated with mean temperature during the net carbon uptake period across the study ecosystems. Our results imply that the net ecosystem exchange of carbon adapts to the temperature across the geographical range due to intrinsic connections between vegetation primary production and ecosystem respiration. C1 [Yuan, W.; Liang, S.] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Yuan, W.; Luo, Y.; Niu, S.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Liang, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Yu, G.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Synth Res Ctr Chinese Ecosyst Res Network, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Niu, S.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Vegetat & Environm Change, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. [Stoy, P.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Chen, J.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Desai, A. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Dept, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Lindroth, A.] Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Ecosyst Anal, S-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Gough, C. M.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biol, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Ceulemans, R.; Gielen, B.; Janssens, I. A.] Univ Antwerp, Dept Biol, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. [Arain, A.] McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. [Arain, A.] McMaster Univ, McMaster Ctr Climate Change, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. [Bernhofer, C.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Hydrol & Meteorol, D-01737 Tharandt, Germany. [Cook, B.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Cook, D. R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Climate Res Sect, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Dragoni, D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Geog, Atmospher Sci Program, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Longdoz, B.] INRA, Ctr Nancy, Ecol & Ecophysiol Forestieres UMR1137, F-54280 Seichamps, France. [Liu, H.] Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Lab Atmospher Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Lund, M.] Aarhus Univ, Natl Environm Res Inst, Dept Arctic Environm, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. [Matteucci, G.] Inst Agr & Forestry Syst Mediterranean, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. [Moors, E.] Alterra Wageningen UR, ESS CC, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Scott, R. L.] ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Seufert, G.] Joint Res Ctr European Commiss, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. [Varner, R.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space & Earth Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Yuan, W (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. EM wenpingyuancn@yahoo.com RI li, wenchao/S-5567-2016; Janssens, Ivan/P-1331-2014; Desai, Ankur/A-5899-2008; liang, shunlin/C-2809-2015; Varner, Ruth/E-5371-2011; Seufert, Gunther/J-9918-2013; Matteucci, Giorgio/N-3526-2015; Ceulemans, Reinhart/F-2109-2016; Niu, Shuli/E-7550-2011; Chen, Jiquan/D-1955-2009; Moors, Eddy/J-5165-2012; Lund, Magnus/J-4922-2013; Cook, Bruce/M-4828-2013; Lindroth, Anders/N-4697-2014; 于, 贵瑞/C-1768-2014 OI Janssens, Ivan/0000-0002-5705-1787; Arain, M. Altaf/0000-0002-1433-5173; Desai, Ankur/0000-0002-5226-6041; Varner, Ruth/0000-0002-3571-6629; Seufert, Gunther/0000-0002-6019-6688; Matteucci, Giorgio/0000-0002-4790-9540; Moors, Eddy/0000-0003-2309-2887; Lund, Magnus/0000-0003-1622-2305; Cook, Bruce/0000-0002-8528-000X; Lindroth, Anders/0000-0002-7669-784X; FU National Key Basic Research and Development Plan of China [2010CB833504]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, US National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB 0444518]; Office of Science, US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-006ER64317]; Research Center of Excellence ECO FX This research was financially supported by National Key Basic Research and Development Plan of China (2010CB833504), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, US National Science Foundation (NSF) under DEB 0444518, and the Terrestrial Carbon Program at the Office of Science, US Department of Energy, Grants No.: DE-FG02-006ER64317. Research at the University of Antwerp was financially supported by the Research Center of Excellence ECO. We acknowledge the work of principal investigators and collaborators in EC sites, who provided the eddy covariance flux measurements. NR 89 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 32 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 EI 1726-4189 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2011 VL 8 IS 6 BP 1453 EP 1463 DI 10.5194/bg-8-1453-2011 PG 11 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 781OL UT WOS:000291942900003 ER PT J AU Chen, M Zhuang, Q Cook, DR Coulter, R Pekour, M Scott, RL Munger, JW Bible, K AF Chen, M. Zhuang, Q. Cook, D. R. Coulter, R. Pekour, M. Scott, R. L. Munger, J. W. Bible, K. TI Quantification of terrestrial ecosystem carbon dynamics in the conterminous United States combining a process-based biogeochemical model and MODIS and AmeriFlux data SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; VEGETATION INDEX; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; NONLINEAR INVERSION; DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; NORTH-AMERICA; WATER-VAPOR; FOREST AB Satellite remote sensing provides continuous temporal and spatial information of terrestrial ecosystems. Using these remote sensing data and eddy flux measurements and biogeochemical models, such as the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM), should provide a more adequate quantification of carbon dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems. Here we use Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Land Surface Water Index (LSWI) and carbon flux data of AmeriFlux to conduct such a study. We first modify the gross primary production (GPP) modeling in TEM by incorporating EVI and LSWI to account for the effects of the changes of canopy photosynthetic capacity, phenology and water stress. Second, we parameterize and verify the new version of TEM with eddy flux data. We then apply the model to the conterminous United States over the period 2000-2005 at a 0.05 degrees x 0.05 degrees spatial resolution. We find that the new version of TEM made improvement over the previous version and generally captured the expected temporal and spatial patterns of regional carbon dynamics. We estimate that regional GPP is between 7.02 and 7.78 Pg C yr(-1) and net primary production (NPP) ranges from 3.81 to 4.38 Pg C yr(-1) and net ecosystem production (NEP) varies within 0.08-0.73 Pg C yr(-1) over the period 2000-2005 for the conterminous United States. The uncertainty due to parameterization is 0.34, 0.65 and 0.18 Pg C yr(-1) for the regional estimates of GPP, NPP and NEP, respectively. The effects of extreme climate and disturbances such as severe drought in 2002 and destructive Hurricane Katrina in 2005 were captured by the model. Our study provides a new independent and more adequate measure of carbon fluxes for the conterminous United States, which will benefit studies of carbon-climate feedback and facilitate policy-making of carbon management and climate. C1 [Chen, M.; Zhuang, Q.] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Zhuang, Q.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Cook, D. R.; Coulter, R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Climate Res Sect, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Pekour, M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Scott, R. L.] ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Tucson, AZ USA. [Munger, J. W.] Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Munger, J. W.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bible, K.] Univ Washington, Wind River Canopy Crane Res Facil, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Chen, M (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM chenm@purdue.edu RI Zhuang, Qianlai/A-5670-2009; Munger, J/H-4502-2013 OI Munger, J/0000-0002-1042-8452 FU NSF [ARC-0554811, EAR-0630319]; Department of Energy; NASA; Rosen Center for Advanced Computing at Purdue University FX We acknowledge the AmeriFlux community to provide the eddy flux data and the MODIS research community to provide MODIS data on vegetation. This research is supported by NSF through projects of ARC-0554811 and EAR-0630319 and the Department of Energy. The study is also supported by NASA land-use and land-cover change program. Computing support is provided by the Rosen Center for Advanced Computing at Purdue University. NR 97 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 27 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2011 VL 8 IS 9 BP 2665 EP 2688 DI 10.5194/bg-8-2665-2011 PG 24 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 826SU UT WOS:000295375700019 ER PT J AU Cotrufo, MF Alberti, G Inglima, I Marjanovic, H LeCain, D Zaldei, A Peressotti, A Miglietta, F AF Cotrufo, M. F. Alberti, G. Inglima, I. Marjanovic, H. LeCain, D. Zaldei, A. Peressotti, A. Miglietta, F. TI Decreased summer drought affects plant productivity and soil carbon dynamics in a Mediterranean woodland SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-CARBON; CLIMATE-CHANGE; OAK FOREST; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; CO2 EFFLUX; RESPIRATION; PRECIPITATION; MANIPULATION; REDUCTION; FIELD AB Precipitation patterns are expected to change in the Mediterranean region within the next decades, with projected decreases in total rainfall and increases in extreme events. We manipulated precipitation patterns in a Mediterranean woodland, dominated by Arbutus unedo L., to study the effects of changing precipitation regimes on above-ground net primary production (ANPP) and soil C dynamics, specifically plant-derived C input to soil and soil respiration (SR). Experimental plots were exposed to either a 20% reduction of throughfall or to water addition targeted at maintaining soil water content above a minimum of 10% v/v. Treatments were compared to control plots which received ambient precipitation. Enhanced soil moisture during summer months highly stimulated annual stem primary production, litter fall, SR and net annual plant-derived C input to soil which on average increased by 130%, 26%, 58% and 220 %, respectively, as compared to the control. In contrast, the 20% reduction in throughfall (equivalent to 10% reduction in precipitation) did not significantly change soil moisture at the site, and therefore did not significantly affect ANPP or SR. We conclude that minor changes (around 10% reduction) in precipitation amount are not likely to significantly affect ANPP or soil C dynamics in Mediterranean woodlands. However, if summer rain increases, C cycling will significantly accelerate but soil C stocks are not likely to be changed in the short-term. More studies involving modelling of long-term C dynamics are needed to predict if the estimated increases in soil C input under wet conditions is going to be sustained and if labile C is being substituted to stable C, with a negative effect on long-term soil C stocks. C1 [Cotrufo, M. F.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Alberti, G.; Peressotti, A.] Univ Udine, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Inglima, I.] Univ Naples 2, Dept Environm Sci, Caserta, Italy. [Marjanovic, H.] Croatian Forest Res Inst, Jastrebarsko, Croatia. [LeCain, D.] ARS, USDA, RRRU Crops Res Lab, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Zaldei, A.; Miglietta, F.] CNR IBIMET, Florence, Italy. [Miglietta, F.] IASMA, E Mach Fdn, FoxLab, San Michele All Adige, Trento, Italy. RP Cotrufo, MF (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM francesca.cotrufo@colostate.edu RI Miglietta, Franco/A-1257-2009; Cotrufo, M. Francesca/C-1614-2013; Young, Kristina/M-3069-2014; OI Miglietta, Franco/0000-0003-1474-8143; Cotrufo, M. Francesca/0000-0002-6191-8953; Alberti, Giorgio/0000-0003-2422-3009 FU CARBOITALY (FISR, Italian Ministry of Research and Education); MIND [EVK2-CT-2002-00158]; IMECC Integrated Infrastructure Initiative [026188]; EU [017841, 226701] FX We thank Piero Toscano for his technical assistance in the establishment and maintenance of the water manipulation experiment, Masa Zorana Ostrogovic and Ivan Balenovic for installing dendrometer bends and also to Daniela Piermatteo for installing the litter traps. The work was funded by CARBOITALY (FISR, Italian Ministry of Research and Education), by MIND (Contract n. EVK2-CT-2002-00158) and NITROEUROPE under the EC 6th Framework Program (Contract n. 017841), and by CARBO-EXTREME under the 7th Framework Program (Contract n. 226701) EU projects. Access to the throughfall manipulation experiment of Tolfa-Allumiere to HM was funded by the IMECC Integrated Infrastructure Initiative Project under the 6th Framework Program (Contract n. 026188). NR 50 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 7 U2 70 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2011 VL 8 IS 9 BP 2729 EP 2739 DI 10.5194/bg-8-2729-2011 PG 11 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 826SU UT WOS:000295375700023 ER PT J AU Fay, PA Blair, JM Smith, MD Nippert, JB Carlisle, JD Knapp, AK AF Fay, P. A. Blair, J. M. Smith, M. D. Nippert, J. B. Carlisle, J. D. Knapp, A. K. TI Relative effects of precipitation variability and warming on tallgrass prairie ecosystem function SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ALTERED RAINFALL PATTERNS; SOIL CO2 EFFLUX; GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEM; PLANT-RESPONSES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NITROGEN CONCENTRATION; ANDROPOGON-GERARDII; MESIC GRASSLAND; MONTANE MEADOW; USE EFFICIENCY AB Precipitation and temperature drive many aspects of terrestrial ecosystem function. Climate change scenarios predict increasing precipitation variability and temperature, and long term experiments are required to evaluate the ecosystem consequences of interannual climate variation, increased growing season (intra-annual) rainfall variability, and warming. We present results from an experiment applying increased growing season rainfall variability and year round warming in native tallgrass prairie. During ten years of study, total growing season rainfall varied 2-fold, and we found similar to 50-200% interannual variability in plant growth and aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP), leaf carbon assimilation (A(CO2)), and soil CO2 efflux (J(CO2)) despite only similar to 40% variation in mean volumetric soil water content (0-15 cm, Theta(15)). Interannual variation in soil moisture was thus amplified in most measures of ecosystem response. Differences between years in Theta(15) explained the greatest portion (14-52%) of the variation in these processes. Experimentally increased intra-annual season rainfall variability doubled the amplitude of intra-annual soil moisture variation and reduced Theta(15) by 15%, causing most ecosystem processes to decrease 8-40% in some or all years with increased rainfall variability compared to ambient rainfall timing, suggesting reduced ecosystem rainfall use efficiency. Warming treatments increased soil temperature at 5 cm depth, particularly during spring, fall, and winter. Warming advanced canopy green up in spring, increased winter J(CO2), and reduced summer J(CO2) and forb ANPP, suggesting that the effects of warming differed in cooler versus warmer parts of the year. We conclude that (1) major ecosystem processes in this grassland may be substantially altered by predicted changes in interannual climate variability, intra-annual rainfall variability, and temperature, (2) interannual climate variation was a larger source of variation in ecosystem function than intra-annual rainfall variability and warming, and (3) effects of increased growing season rainfall variability and warming were small, but ecologically important. The relative effects of these climate drivers are likely to vary for different ecosystem processes and in wetter or drier ecosystems. C1 [Fay, P. A.] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Blair, J. M.; Nippert, J. B.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Smith, M. D.] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Carlisle, J. D.] Utah State Univ, Utah Climate Ctr, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Knapp, A. K.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Knapp, A. K.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Fay, PA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM philip.fay@ars.usda.gov RI Blair, John/I-4082-2014; Smith, Melinda/J-8987-2014; OI Blair, John/0000-0003-0072-0721; Fay, Philip/0000-0002-8291-6316 FU USDA-NRI; DOE-NIGEC/NICCR; NSF FX We thank Doug Goodin for providing the canopy imager; Meghan Dinkins, Chris Harper, Chris Hein, Patrick O'Neal, Rose Phillips, Jeff Taylor and numerous undergraduate and graduate students for their contributions to all aspects of this research. Tom Van Slyke and Jim Larkins graciously provide ongoing logistic and technical support. Wayne Polley and Marjan Jongen provided insightful feedback on the manuscript. We acknowledge funding from USDA-NRI, DOE-NIGEC/NICCR, and NSF. NR 65 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 6 U2 117 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2011 VL 8 IS 10 BP 3053 EP 3068 DI 10.5194/bg-8-3053-2011 PG 16 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 844KV UT WOS:000296747000019 ER PT J AU Shetty, KG Minnis, AM Rossman, AY Jayachandran, K AF Shetty, Kateel G. Minnis, Andrew M. Rossman, Amy Y. Jayachandran, Krishnaswamy TI The Brazilian peppertree seed-borne pathogen, Neofusicoccum batangarum, a potential biocontrol agent SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Botryosphaeriaceae; Dieback; Fungi; Germination; Neofusicoccum batangarum; Schinus terebinthifolius; Seed-borne ID SCHINUS-TEREBINTHIFOLIUS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; PROPAGULE PRESSURE; FLORIDA; INFECTION; PLANTS; COLONIZATION; RESTORATION; RECRUITMENT; VIABILITY AB The invasive exotic Brazilian peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae) has become a serious threat to the delicate ecosystem of Everglades National Park in Florida, USA. More than 4000 ha in the Hole-in-the-Donut (HID) area within the park have been infested with Brazilian peppertree. Brazilian peppertree is a prolific seed producer, which enhances its invasive potential. Native phytopathogens can be a viable tool in the management of exotic species; no prior studies have reported on the occurrence of native seed-borne pathogens of Brazilian peppertree in Florida. This study showed that drupes of Brazilian peppertree are affected by seed-borne fungal pathogens. These fungal pathogens either cause germination failure or attack seedlings after germination, which results in reduced vigor or seedling death. The seed-borne fungal isolate BPSPF-1 was found to be virulent, and when inoculated it was able to kill Brazilian peppertree seedlings in seedling assays, and 1 year old saplings in greenhouse trials. Field inoculation of Brazilian peppertree branches with BPSPF-1 resulted in dieback symptoms. Host range studies on one related native species (winged sumac, Rhus copallinum) and one non-native species (mango, Mangifera indica) showed that neither was affected by girdle inoculation of stems. The BPSPF-1 isolate produced dark melanized mycelium on agar media and did not produce conidia or other fruiting structures. Based on ITS DNA sequence analyses, the isolate was identified as Neofusicoccum batangarum. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Shetty, Kateel G.; Jayachandran, Krishnaswamy] Florida Int Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Minnis, Andrew M.; Rossman, Amy Y.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Jayachandran, K (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199 USA. EM jayachan@fiu.edu FU National Park Service (Everglades National Park, SFNRC) [5280-00-035]; FIU [5280-00-035] FX This paper is dedicated to the late Dr. Michael R. Norland, Everglades National Park, FL. We thank Dr. Craig Smith, Everglades National Park - "Hole-in-the-Donut" project manager for support and encouragement. We thank Dr. Jack Fisher of Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Miami, Florida for donating winged sumac plants. We thank Dr. Paulette Johnson, FIU for help with statistical analysis. We also thank Jose Pacheco for technical help. This work was supported by Cooperating Agreement No. 5280-00-035 between the National Park Service (Everglades National Park, SFNRC) and FIU with funds allocated through the Miami-Dade County Mitigation Trust Fund/"Hole-in-the-Donut" Mitigation Bank. NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JAN PY 2011 VL 56 IS 1 BP 91 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2010.09.016 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 682KF UT WOS:000284401700014 ER PT J AU Jones, VP Steffan, SA Wiman, NG Horton, DR Miliczky, E Zhang, QH Baker, CC AF Jones, Vincent P. Steffan, Shawn A. Wiman, Nik G. Horton, David R. Miliczky, Eugene Zhang, Qing-He Baker, Callie C. TI Evaluation of herbivore-induced plant volatiles for monitoring green lacewings in Washington apple orchards SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE HIPV; Squalene; Methyl salicylate; Iridodial; Chrysopa nigricornis; Chrysopa oculata; Chrysoperla plorabunda ID BENEFICIAL INSECTS; METHYL SALICYLATE; CHRYSOPA-NIGRICORNIS; FIELD-EVALUATION; NATURAL ENEMIES; ATTRACTANTS; NEUROPTERA; ARTHROPODS; PREDATORS; PHEROMONE AB We evaluated five herbivore-induced plant volatiles plus a male-produced pheromone as attractants for adult green lacewings in Washington apple orchards in 2008. We found at least five attractants or combinations of attractants were attractive to the three most abundant green lacewing species in our trials. Chrysopa nigricornis and Chrysopa oculata were attracted to the combination of methyl salicylate and iridodial with iridodial alone being the second best attractant. Chrysoperla plorabunda was found in lower numbers than C. nigricornis and C. oculata, but did exhibit a significant attraction to benzaldehyde. In mid-summer, we added the herbivore-induced plant volatile squalene to the study and found it to be exceedingly attractive, but only to male C. nigricornis. Whether alone or in combination, squalene attracted 4-5-fold more C. nigricornis than any other compound tested. Our data have revealed C. nigricornis to be an abundant orchard predator that can be readily monitored with squalene-baited traps. Despite the obvious promise of HIPVs in biological control programs, we urge caution in their deployment as large-scale attractants, at least until further studies have investigated potential disruption of natural enemy population dynamics. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Jones, Vincent P.; Steffan, Shawn A.; Wiman, Nik G.; Baker, Callie C.] Washington State Univ, Ctr Tree Fruit Res & Extens, Dept Entomol, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Horton, David R.; Miliczky, Eugene] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Zhang, Qing-He] Sterling Int Inc, Spokane, WA 99216 USA. RP Jones, VP (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Ctr Tree Fruit Res & Extens, Dept Entomol, 1100 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM vpjones@wsu.edu FU Washington State Tree Fruit Research Commission; USDA-NIFA SCRI [2008-04854] FX The field assistance of Teah Clement, Cameron Aguilar, Kodi Jaspers, Stacey McDonald, and Ivan Arroyo is gratefully acknowledged. This research was funded in part by grants to V.P.J. and D.R.H. from the Washington State Tree Fruit Research Commission and USDA-NIFA SCRI Grant No. 2008-04854. NR 29 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 45 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JAN PY 2011 VL 56 IS 1 BP 98 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2010.10.001 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 682KF UT WOS:000284401700015 ER PT J AU Wilson, BS Koenig, SE van Veen, R Miersma, E Rudolph, DC AF Wilson, Byron S. Koenig, Susan E. van Veen, Rick Miersma, Erika Rudolph, D. Craig TI Cane toads a threat to West Indian wildlife: mortality of Jamaican boas attributable to toad ingestion SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Bufo marinus; Bufotoxin; Cane toad; Jamaican boa; Mortality; Predation; Invasive species ID BUFO-MARINUS; PREDATORS; FOREST; SNAKES AB The notorious "cane toad" (Bufo marinus) is considered to be one of the 100 worst invasive species in the world. A native of South and Central America, Mexico, and the Rio Grande Valley of the United States, this large toad was intentionally introduced to islands in the Caribbean, and subsequently throughout the southern Pacific, as a biological control agent to combat sugar cane pests. Unfortunately, the primary result of those introductions has been deleterious impacts on native biotas, primarily through competition and predation. More recently, the cane toad has devastated populations of amphibian-eating predators in Australia, through the ingestion of this highly toxic anuran. Elsewhere, however, the impact of the toad on native predators has not been documented. Here we report the first evidence that the cane toad is impacting native predators in other geographic regions. Specifically, we document death due to cane toad poisoning in the endemic and threatened Jamaican boa (Epicrates subflavus). To our knowledge, this is the first report of cane toads causing mortality in naturally occurring predators outside of Australia. Like all members of the genus, B. marinus secretes a powerful bufogenin toxin, which is often fatal if ingested by na < ve species that have not co-evolved with Bufo species. Our results should therefore serve as a warning that other endemic predator species in the West Indies and elsewhere may be at risk. Thus, efforts to control the population growth and spread of cane toads may be of even greater conservation concern than previously recognized. C1 [Wilson, Byron S.; van Veen, Rick] Univ W Indies, Dept Life Sci, Kingston 7, Jamaica. [Wilson, Byron S.; van Veen, Rick] Jamaican Iguana Recovery Grp, Kingston, Jamaica. [Koenig, Susan E.; Miersma, Erika] Windsor Res Ctr, Trelawny, Jamaica. [Miersma, Erika] US Peace Corps, Kingston, Jamaica. [Rudolph, D. Craig] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Wilson, BS (reprint author), Univ W Indies, Dept Life Sci, Kingston 7, Jamaica. EM byron.wilson@uwimona.edu.jm FU International Iguana Foundation; Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund; Fort Worth Zoo; Jamaican Iguana Recovery Group FX SEK would like to thank Michel Milinkovitch for donating passive implantable transponders (PIT-tags) to enable identification of individual Jamaican boas in Windsor. Radio-tracking of boas is made possible through the support of Craig Rudolph and the US Forest Service, US Peace Corps, and Windsor Research Centre. BSW would like to thank the International Iguana Foundation, the Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund, the Fort Worth Zoo, and an anonymous donor for much appreciated support of the Jamaican Iguana Recovery Group. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 31 U2 52 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD JAN PY 2011 VL 13 IS 1 BP 55 EP 60 DI 10.1007/s10530-010-9787-7 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 695GT UT WOS:000285359300008 ER PT B AU Fall, MW Avery, ML Campbell, TA Egan, PJ Engeman, RM Pimentel, D Pitt, WC Shwiff, SA Witmer, GW AF Fall, Michael W. Avery, Michael L. Campbell, Tyler A. Egan, Peter J. Engeman, Richard M. Pimentel, David Pitt, William C. Shwiff, Stephanie A. Witmer, Gary W. BE Pimentel, D TI Rodents and other vertebrate invaders in the United States SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS: ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS OF ALIEN PLANT, ANIMAL, AND MICROBE SPECIES, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PYTHON-MOLURUS-BIVITTATUS; FROG ELEUTHERODACTYLUS-COQUI; EVERGLADES NATIONAL-PARK; FERAL SWINE DAMAGE; MICE MUS-MUSCULUS; BROWN TREE SNAKE; POLYNESIAN RAT; ECONOMIC COSTS; SOUTHERN TEXAS; NORTH-AMERICA C1 [Fall, Michael W.; Engeman, Richard M.; Witmer, Gary W.] APHIS, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Avery, Michael L.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, NWRC, Gainesville, FL USA. [Campbell, Tyler A.] Texas A&M Univ, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, NWRC,Texas Field Stn, Kingsville, TX USA. [Egan, Peter J.] WRMC, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Forest Glen Sect, Washington, DC USA. [Pimentel, David] Cornell Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Pitt, William C.] APHIS, USDA, WS, NWRC,Hilo HI Field Stn, Hilo, HI USA. [Shwiff, Stephanie A.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Fall, MW (reprint author), APHIS, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 221 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-2991-2; 978-1-4398-2990-5 PY 2011 BP 381 EP 410 D2 10.1201/b10938 PG 30 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC4XY UT WOS:000352996300016 ER PT B AU Campbell, TA VerCauteren, KC AF Campbell, Tyler A. VerCauteren, Kurt C. BE Hewitt, DG TI Diseases and Parasites SO Biology and Management of White-Tailed Deer LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; EPIZOOTIC HEMORRHAGIC-DISEASE; CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; IXODES-SCAPULARIS ACARI; AVIUM SUBSPECIES PARATUBERCULOSIS; ANAPLASMA-MARGINALE INFECTION; FASCIOLOIDES-MAGNA INFECTIONS; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII ANTIBODIES; EASTERN EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES C1 [Campbell, Tyler A.] Texas A&M Univ Kingsville, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Texas Field Stn, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. [VerCauteren, Kurt C.] Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, APHIS Wildlife Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Campbell, TA (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ Kingsville, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Texas Field Stn, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. NR 203 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-9598-6; 978-1-4398-0651-7 PY 2011 BP 219 EP 249 PG 31 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology GA BC5LC UT WOS:000353356200008 ER PT B AU VerCauteren, KC Hygnstrom, SE AF VerCauteren, Kurt C. Hygnstrom, Scott E. BE Hewitt, DG TI Managing White-tailed Deer: Midwest North America SO Biology and Management of White-Tailed Deer LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; MULE DEER; UNITED-STATES; PARELAPHOSTRONGYLUS-TENUIS; ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; NORTHEASTERN MINNESOTA; PNEUMOSTRONGYLUS TENUIS; RESIDENTIAL COMMUNITY; BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS; HEMORRHAGIC-DISEASE C1 [VerCauteren, Kurt C.] Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, APHIS Wildlife Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Hygnstrom, Scott E.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE USA. RP VerCauteren, KC (reprint author), Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, APHIS Wildlife Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. NR 220 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-9598-6; 978-1-4398-0651-7 PY 2011 BP 501 EP 535 PG 35 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology GA BC5LC UT WOS:000353356200018 ER PT S AU Riddell, J Jovan, S Padgett, PE Sweat, K AF Riddell, Jennifer Jovan, Sarah Padgett, Pamela E. Sweat, Ken BE Bates, ST Bungartz, F Lucking, R HerreraCampos, MA Zambrano, A TI Tracking lichen community composition changes due to declining air quality over the last century: the Nash legacy in Southern California SO BIOMONITORING, ECOLOGY, AND SYSTEMATICS OF LICHENS: RECOGNIZING THE LICHENOLOGICAL LEGACY OF THOMAS H. NASH III ON HIS 65TH BIRTHDAY SE Bibliotheca Lichenologica LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE air pollution; lichen community composition; nitrogen; ozone; Southern California ID SAN-BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS; RAMALINA-MENZIESII TAYL; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; OZONE; FUMIGATIONS; RESPONSES; FORESTS AB Southern California's South Coast Air Basin includes the heavily urbanized Los Angeles and Orange counties, the inland urban and suburban areas, and the surrounding mountain ranges. Historically high air pollution makes the region a natural laboratory for investigating human impacts on natural systems. Regional lichen distribution records from the early 1900s compared to more extensive montane data collected in the 1970s demonstrated declining species distribution ranges, attributed to increasingly heavy air pollution conditions. In 2008, we surveyed 21 sites in the mountains surrounding the basin for lichens, 18 of which were surveyed in 1976-77, and we quantitatively compared communities across the thirty-year span. The 1976-77 findings showed a marked decrease in species distribution in comparison to anecdotal evidence from early 1900s collections and a 1913 flora. Our findings show that additional community shifts occurred since the earlier surveys, suggesting a worsening of pollution impact. Of the species in the region, Melanohalea subolivacea, one of the most pollution-sensitive species remaining in the Basin's flora, decreased markedly in abundance between 1976-77 and 2008. Lichens in the more nitrophilous genera Physcia, Physconia, and Xanthomendoza increased in abundance. No sensitive species have re-appeared since the '76-77' inventories. C1 [Riddell, Jennifer; Padgett, Pamela E.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Jovan, Sarah] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, Portland, OR 97205 USA. [Riddell, Jennifer; Sweat, Ken] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Riddell, J (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, 4955 Canyon Crest Dr, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM jenariddell@gmail.com NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU J CRAMER PI STUTTGART PA JOHANNESSTR 3A, D-70176 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 1436-1698 BN 978-3-443-58085-8 J9 BIBL LICHENOL JI Bibl. Lichen. PY 2011 VL 106 BP 263 EP 277 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BVF22 UT WOS:000291365700023 ER PT B AU Boyd, SA Johnston, CT Laird, DA Teppen, BJ Li, H AF Boyd, Stephen A. Johnston, Cliff T. Laird, David A. Teppen, Brian J. Li, Hui BE Xing, B Senesi, N Huang, PM TI COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF ORGANIC CONTAMINANT ADSORPTION BY CLAYS: METHODOLOGIES, MECHANISMS, AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS SO BIOPHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROCESSES OF ANTHROPOGENIC ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS SE Wiley-IUPAC Series in Biophysico-Chemical Processes in Environmental Systems LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID QUASI-CRYSTAL DYNAMICS; HUMIC-ACID; NITROAROMATIC COMPOUNDS; SMECTITE CLAY; SUBSTITUTED NITROBENZENES; GEOCHEMICAL MODULATION; PESTICIDE SORPTION; HERBICIDE SORPTION; COMPOUND SORPTION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION C1 [Boyd, Stephen A.; Teppen, Brian J.; Li, Hui] Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Johnston, Cliff T.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Laird, David A.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA USA. RP Boyd, SA (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RI Boyd, Stephen/G-5819-2010 NR 91 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA BN 978-0-470-94446-2; 978-0-470-53963-7 J9 WILEY-IUPAC SER BIOP PY 2011 BP 51 EP 71 PG 21 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BB1YB UT WOS:000341455500004 ER PT J AU Carter, JM Do, P Rasooly, R AF Carter, J. Mark Do, Paula Rasooly, Reuven TI Peptide cleavage assay for detection of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin activity in beverages SO BIOPOLYMERS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd American Peptide Symposium CY JUN 25-30, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Peptide Soc C1 [Carter, J. Mark; Do, Paula; Rasooly, Reuven] ARS, USDA, Foodborne Contaminants Res Unit, Albany, CA USA. RI Carter, John Mark/K-2485-2015 OI Carter, John Mark/0000-0001-8251-4168 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0006-3525 J9 BIOPOLYMERS JI Biopolymers PY 2011 VL 96 IS 4 BP 526 EP 526 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 779FL UT WOS:000291763400471 ER PT J AU Shen, JC Agblevor, FA AF Shen, Jiacheng Agblevor, Foster A. TI Ethanol production of semi-simultaneous saccharification and fermentation from mixture of cotton gin waste and recycled paper sludge SO BIOPROCESS AND BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation; Enzyme hydrolysis; Kinetic model; Operating mode; Ethanol; Cotton gin waste; Recycled paper sludge ID HYDROLYSIS; LIGNOCELLULOSICS; CELLULASE AB Ethanol production from the steam-exploded mixture of 75% cotton gin waste and 25% recycled paper sludge in various conditions was investigated by semi-simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSSF) consisting of a pre-hydrolysis and a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF). Four cases were studied: 24-h pre-hydrolysis + 48-h SSF (SSSF 24), 12-h pre-hydrolysis + 60-h SSF (SSSF 12), 72-h SSF, and 48-h hydrolysis + 24-h fermentation (SHF). The ethanol concentration, yield, and productivity of SSSF 24 were higher than those of the other operations. A model of SSF was used to simulate the data for four components in SSF. The analysis of the reaction rates of cellobiose, glucose, cell, and ethanol using the model and the parameters from the experiments showed that there was a transition point of the rate-controlling step at which the cell growth control in the initial 2 h was changed to the cellobiose reaction control in later period during ethanol production of SSF from the mixture. C1 [Shen, Jiacheng] USDA, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Agblevor, Foster A.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Shen, JC (reprint author), USDA, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793 N,3600 E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM jiacheng.shen@ars.usda.gov FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [0420577]; Xethanol Inc. FX The authors acknowledge National Science Foundation (NSF) under Contract No. 0420577 and Xethanol Inc. for providing the financial support for this project. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1615-7591 EI 1615-7605 J9 BIOPROC BIOSYST ENG JI Bioprocess. Biosyst. Eng. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 34 IS 1 BP 33 EP 43 DI 10.1007/s00449-010-0444-4 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering GA 701AI UT WOS:000285786300004 PM 20559849 ER PT J AU Rich, JO Leathers, TD Nunnally, MS Bischoff, KM AF Rich, Joseph O. Leathers, Timothy D. Nunnally, Melinda S. Bischoff, Kenneth M. TI Rapid evaluation of the antibiotic susceptibility of fuel ethanol contaminant biofilms SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biofilm; Contaminants; Fuel ethanol; Lactobacillus; Virginiamycin ID LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; FERMENTATIONS; GROWTH; INHIBITION; DEVICE; AGENTS AB Bacterial contaminants from commercial fuel ethanol production facilities were previously shown to form biofilms as mixed cultures under laboratory conditions. In this study, a rapid assay was developed to simultaneously compare isolates for their ability to form biofilms as pure cultures. A total of 10 strains were isolated from a dry-grind fuel ethanol plant that routinely doses with virginiamycin. These were identified by sequence analysis as six strains of Lactobacillus fermentum, two strains of L. johnsonii, and one strain each of L mucosae and L amylovorus. Isolates exhibited a range of susceptibility to virginiamycin in a planktonic assay, with MIC's (minimum inhibitory concentration) of <= 0.5-16 mu g/ml. Even though all strains were isolated from a mixed culture biofilm, they varied greatly in their ability to form biofilms as pure cultures. Surprisingly, growth as biofilms did not appear to provide resistance to virginiamycin, even if biofilms were grown for 144 h prior to antibiotic challenge. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rich, Joseph O.; Leathers, Timothy D.; Nunnally, Melinda S.; Bischoff, Kenneth M.] ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Rich, JO (reprint author), ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM joseph.rich@ars.usda.gov; tim.leathers@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 102 IS 2 BP 1124 EP 1130 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.08.118 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 714BU UT WOS:000286782700096 PM 20855199 ER PT J AU Kim, HY Lee, JW Jeffries, TW Choi, IG AF Kim, Hye-Yun Lee, Jae-Won Jeffries, Thomas W. Choi, In-Gyu TI Response surface optimization of oxalic acid pretreatment of yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) for production of glucose and xylose monosaccarides SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Oxalic acid pretreatment; Yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera); Hydrolysates; Xylose solubilization; Response-surface methodology ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; FERMENTATION INHIBITORS; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; SIMULTANEOUS SACCHARIFICATION; FUEL-ETHANOL; ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION; PICHIA-STIPITIS; HYDROLYSIS AB The primary goal of this study was to determine the optimal condition to obtain fermentable monosaccharides (xylose and glucose) from hydrolysates of yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) by oxalic acid pretreatment as a potential bio-ethanol source. Based on 2(3) factorial design, fifteen operations were performed by varying on acid loading, reaction time and temperature, and the components of the solid and liquid fractions were analyzed. The sugar concentration (g/L) in hydrolysates and xylose solubilization (%) were applied to response surface methodology. The optimal condition for producing sugars was 151 degrees C, 0.042 g/g (weight of oxalic acid/dry matter), 13 min with predicted yield of 37.4 g/L, and for the xylose solubilization was 158 degrees C, 0.037 g/g, 13 min yielding 72.0% of the predicted value. Severe conditions generated inhibitors. By measuring the concentrations, the possibility utilizing hydrolysates for fermentation were estimated. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Hye-Yun; Choi, In-Gyu] Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Forest Sci, Seoul 151921, South Korea. [Lee, Jae-Won] Chonnam Natl Univ, Dept Forest Prod & Technol, BK Program 21, Kwangju 500757, South Korea. [Lee, Jae-Won] Chonnam Natl Univ, Bioenergy Res Ctr, Kwangju 500757, South Korea. [Jeffries, Thomas W.] USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Jeffries, Thomas W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Choi, In-Gyu] Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Res Inst Agr & Life Sci, Seoul 151921, South Korea. RP Choi, IG (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Forest Sci, 599 Gwanak Ro, Seoul 151921, South Korea. EM cingyu@snu.ac.kr RI Jeffries, Thomas/I-8576-2012 OI Jeffries, Thomas/0000-0001-7408-4065 FU Forest Products Laboratory (FPL, USA); Forest Science & Technology Projects [S120810L140130]; RDA, Republic of Korea [20100301-030-078-001-06-00]; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2010-0020141] FX This study was carried out with the support of Forest Products Laboratory (FPL, USA) and 'Forest Science & Technology Projects (Project No. S120810L140130)' provided by Korea Forest Service and 'Cooperative Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development (Project No. 20100301-030-078-001-06-00)' provided by RDA, Republic of Korea. This work was supported by Priority Research Centers Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (Project No. 2010-0020141) to J.W. Lee. The authors appreciate Frederick J. Matt of Analytical Chemistry and Microscopy laboratory of the USDA Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) for performing carbohydrate quantification measurement, Diane Dietrich (FPL) for 5-HMF and furfural analysis, Daniel O. Foster (FPL) for ICP analysis and Steve Verrill (FPL) for helping statistical analysis. NR 45 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 102 IS 2 BP 1440 EP 1446 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.09.075 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 714BU UT WOS:000286782700137 PM 20947344 ER PT J AU Pan, H Eberhardt, TL AF Pan, Hui Eberhardt, Thomas L. TI CHARACTERIZATION OF FLY ASH FROM THE GASIFICATION OF WOOD AND ASSESSMENT FOR ITS APPLICATION AS A SOIL AMENDMENT SO BIORESOURCES LA English DT Review DE Ash recycling; Biomass; Sequential extraction; Bioavailability; Heavy metals ID SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION PROCEDURE; TRACE-ELEMENT BEHAVIOR; HEAVY-METALS; SOLID-WASTE; BIOMASS GASIFICATION; FIXED-BED; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; BOTTOM ASH; PLANT; FRACTIONATION AB Fly ash was collected as a byproduct from the processing of southern pine wood chips in a pilot-scale biomass gasifier. General properties of the fly ash were determined to assess its applicability as a soil amendment. Its alkaline pH (9.5) and high concentrations of Ca, K, and Mg suggest that it could be used as both a liming agent and a fertilizer. The concentrations of most heavy metals in all ash samples in this study were lower than the ecological soil screening levels used as a guideline. A sequential extraction analysis was used to evaluate the bioavailability of selected nutrient elements and pollutant heavy metals in the fly ash. Most nutrient elements were present in exchangeable/ acid extractable and easily reducible fractions. The heavy metals were generally less bioavailable, thus ameliorating concerns for land application of fly ash, with or without prior combustion. Comparison of sequential extraction test results for all of the ashes indicated that the conditions experienced during gasification, such as high processing temperatures, impacted both the total heavy metal concentrations and their potential bioavailabilities. C1 [Pan, Hui] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Calhoun Res Stn, Calhoun, LA 71225 USA. [Eberhardt, Thomas L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Pan, H (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Calhoun Res Stn, 321 Hwy 80E, Calhoun, LA 71225 USA. EM Hpan@agcenter.lsu.edu NR 41 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 19 PU NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV DEPT WOOD & PAPER SCI PI RALEIGH PA CAMPUS BOX 8005, RALEIGH, NC 27695-8005 USA SN 1930-2126 J9 BIORESOURCES JI BioResources PY 2011 VL 6 IS 4 BP 3987 EP 4004 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA 862UL UT WOS:000298119500026 ER PT J AU Zhang, L Li, JH Li, SZ Liu, ZL AF Zhang, Lei Li, Ji-Hong Li, Shi-Zhong Liu, Z. Lewis TI CHALLENGES OF CELLULOSIC ETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM XYLOSE-EXTRACTED CORNCOB RESIDUES SO BIORESOURCES LA English DT Review DE Cellulose acid hydrolysis; Enzymatic saccharification; Cellulosic ethanol production ID DILUTE-ACID PRETREATMENT; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; WHEAT-STRAW; INHIBITION; HYDROLYSIS; MECHANISM; BIOMASS; LIGNOCELLULOSE; CELLULASES; SUBSTRATE AB Xylose-extracted corncob residue (X-ER), a byproduct from the xylose production industry, is a potential cellulose-rich energy resource. However, attempts to achieve large-scale production of cellulosic ethanol using X-ER have been unsatisfactory due to a lack of understanding of the substrate. This study presents the first characterization of the X-ER to evaluate its potential utilization in the sequential production of cellulosic ethanol. The current dilute acid treatment procedures used for the corncobs by the xylose-production industry were insufficient for efficient deconstruction of cellulose structure to release available sugars for subsequent cellulosic ethanol conversion. After a secondary dilute acid hydrolysis of the X-ER, an additional 30% hemicellulose was recovered. In addition, a more efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of X-ER was observed resulting in a significantly higher yield of glucose conversion compared with an untreated X-ER control. These results suggest X-ER can be utilized for cellulosic ethanol production. However, improved corncob pretreatment procedures are needed for economical cellulosic ethanol conversion. C1 [Zhang, Lei; Li, Ji-Hong; Li, Shi-Zhong] Tsinghua Univ, Inst New Energy Technol, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Liu, Z. Lewis] ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Li, Shi-Zhong; Liu, Z. Lewis] US Sino Ctr Biofuels Res, Peoria, IL USA. RP Li, SZ (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Inst New Energy Technol, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM szli@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn; ZLewis.Liu@ars.usda.go FU Ministry of Science and Technology, China [2009AA10Z406, 2010DFA61200]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [3620-41000-123-124] FX This work was supported in part by awards of Ministry of Science and Technology, China Projects of 2009AA10Z406 and 2010DFA61200, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture 2008 International Research Project 3620-41000-123-124. The authors thank Michael A. Cotta for critical reading of the manuscript. The mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV DEPT WOOD & PAPER SCI PI RALEIGH PA CAMPUS BOX 8005, RALEIGH, NC 27695-8005 USA SN 1930-2126 J9 BIORESOURCES JI BioResources PY 2011 VL 6 IS 4 BP 4302 EP 4316 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA 862UL UT WOS:000298119500051 ER PT J AU Robinson, TJ Via, BK Fasina, O Adhikari, S Carter, E AF Robinson, Thomas J. Via, Brian K. Fasina, Oladiran Adhikari, Sushil Carter, Emily TI IMPREGNATION OF BIO-OIL FROM SMALL DIAMETER PINE INTO WOOD FOR MOISTURE RESISTANCE SO BIORESOURCES LA English DT Review DE Bio-oil; Pyrolysis oil; Pressure treatment; Moisture resistance; Southern yellow pine ID DIMENSIONAL STABILITY; FAST PYROLYSIS; WATER; LIGNIN; BIOCOMPOSITES; SORPTION; ANGLE AB Wood pyrolysis oil consists of hundreds of complex compounds, many of which are phenolic-based and exhibit hydrophobic properties. Southern yellow pine was impregnated with a pyrolysis oil-based penetrant using both a high pressure and vacuum impregnation systems, with no significant differences in retention levels. Penetrant concentrations ranging from 5-50% pyrolysis oil/methanol on a volume basis were used to determine the threshold concentration for significant physical property improvement. Wood impregnated with penetrant concentration of at least 10% exhibited significant reduction in both moisture sorption and tangential swelling when exposed to a 90% relative humidity and 21 degrees C environment. When exposed to liquid water in a 24-hour soak test, analysis revealed a negative linear relationship between penetrant concentration and both moisture sorption and tangential swell. However, during the course of the 24-hour soak test, a significant linear relationship between penetrant concentration and leachate was determined. C1 [Robinson, Thomas J.; Via, Brian K.] Auburn Univ, Forest Prod Lab, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36830 USA. [Fasina, Oladiran; Adhikari, Sushil] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Robinson, TJ (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Forest Prod Lab, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36830 USA. EM robintj@auburn.edu OI Via, Brian/0000-0003-2676-7376 FU USDA, Forest Service Research and Development Woody Biomass, Bioenergy, and Bioproducts [SRS 09-CA-11330132-120] FX We would like to thank Amber Clark for assistance during formatting. Funds for this project were obtained from the USDA, Forest Service Research and Development Woody Biomass, Bioenergy, and Bioproducts Grant # SRS 09-CA-11330132-120. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV DEPT WOOD & PAPER SCI PI RALEIGH PA CAMPUS BOX 8005, RALEIGH, NC 27695-8005 USA SN 1930-2126 J9 BIORESOURCES JI BioResources PY 2011 VL 6 IS 4 BP 4747 EP 4761 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA 862UL UT WOS:000298119500084 ER PT J AU Luppold, WG Bumgardner, MS AF Luppold, William G. Bumgardner, Matthew S. TI THIRTY-NINE YEARS OF U.S. WOOD FURNITURE IMPORTING: SOURCES AND PRODUCTS SO BIORESOURCES LA English DT Review DE Wood furniture; Imports; United States; Europe; Taiwan; Canada; China; Vietnam ID HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE; INDUSTRY; CHINA AB In this study we analyze changes in United States imports of wood furniture over the 39-year period from 1972 to 2010. In 1972, Canada and the former Yugoslavia were the most important sources of imported wood furniture, and Europe accounted for nearly 60 percent of total imports. Shipments of low-cost wood furniture from Taiwan started to increase in the 1970s, and by 1978, Taiwan was the most important source of imported wood furniture. Overall, low-cost sources in Asia displaced Europe in 1987. Taiwan continued to be the most important source until 1994. Canada became the most important source of imported wood furniture from 1994 to 2000 as the Canadian dollar declined in value against the United States dollar. In 2001, China became the most important source of wood furniture imports. More recently furniture imports from an emerging source, Vietnam, have increased dramatically. One reason why Asian manufacturers have been so successful in the U.S. market has been that furniture consumers were influenced mainly by price. By contrast, success in some segments of the U.S.-based furniture industry indicates that models enabling consumers to make styling and pricing decisions also can be competitive. C1 [Luppold, William G.; Bumgardner, Matthew S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. RP Luppold, WG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 241 Mercer Springs Rd, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. EM wluppold@fs.fed.us NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV DEPT WOOD & PAPER SCI PI RALEIGH PA CAMPUS BOX 8005, RALEIGH, NC 27695-8005 USA SN 1930-2126 J9 BIORESOURCES JI BioResources PY 2011 VL 6 IS 4 BP 4895 EP 4908 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA 862UL UT WOS:000298119500095 ER PT S AU Soundararajan, M Nemecek, B Sarath, G AF Soundararajan, Madhavan Nemecek, Branden Sarath, Gautam BE Ying, F TI Carbon Partitioning into Cell Wall Structural Carbohydrates by Following C-13 Label in Switchgrass SO BIOSCIENCE, BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOINFORMATICS SE International Proceedings of Chemical Biological and Environmental Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics (ICBBB 2011) CY FEB 26-28, 2011 CL Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Asia Pacific Chem Biol & Environm Engn Soc, Int Assoc Comp Sci & Informat Technol DE Switchgrass; carbon isotope ratio mass spectrometry; cinnantyl alcohol dehydrogenase; cellulose; lignin AB Carbon isotope ratio analyses of stover tissue from both the lowland (Kanlow) and the upland (Summer) cultivars of switchgrass indicated that the value of Kanlow was less negative (-12.7 per mil.) than the upland variety Summer (-13.1). Preliminary observations on the carbon isotope ratio of cellulose from switchgrass showed a less negative elta C-13 value (-12.6) than the leaf carbon isotope ratio (a surrogate for non-structural carbohydrates) which showed a value of -13.1. Preliminary results from C-13 pulse labeling of greenhouse grown switchgrass plants indicated an active partitioning of carbon in their stem tissue over a period of 6 weeks as compared to leaves. Results from further analyses of carbon partitioning into hemicelluloses, celluloses and lignins from stem tissues also indicated an active partitioning of carbon into lignin as the plants mature. Further evidence for an active lignin biosynthesis was also provided by a gradual increase in one of the key enzymes in lignin biosynthesis, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase., in the stem tissue while the same enzyme showed a gradual decrease in its activity in the leaf. Results from this study appear to suggest that an increased carbon partitioning into cellulosic biomass, may necessitate a comprehensive approach to reduce carbon partitioning into the lignin biosynthetic pathway in these plants. C1 [Soundararajan, Madhavan; Nemecek, Branden] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Biochem, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Sarath, Gautam] ARS, USDA, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Soundararajan, M (reprint author), Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Biochem, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM msoundar@unlnotes.unl.edu; nemo_2003@hotmail.com; Gautam.Sarath@ARS.USDA.GOV FU Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AI02-09ER64829] FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy grant number DE-AI02-09ER64829. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PRESS-IACSIT PRESS PI SINGAPORE PA SINGAPORE OFFICE, NO. 07-42, BLK 708, JURONG WEST STREET 81, SINGAPORE, 00000, SINGAPORE SN 2010-4618 BN 978-981-08-8718-6 J9 INT PR CHEM BIO ENV PY 2011 VL 5 BP 296 EP 298 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BG8WX UT WOS:000392766100064 ER PT J AU Ge, XM Burner, DM Xu, JF Phillips, GC Sivakumar, G AF Ge, Xumeng Burner, David M. Xu, Jianfeng Phillips, Gregory C. Sivakumar, Ganapathy TI Bioethanol production from dedicated energy crops and residues in Arkansas, USA SO BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Biofuels; Glucose; Lignocellulose; Miscanthus; Self-flocculating yeast ID ETHANOL FERMENTATION; LIGNOCELLULOSE; HYDROLYSIS; SACCHARIFICATION; PRETREATMENT; MISCANTHUS; IMPACTS; SPSC01; SUGAR AB Globally, one of the major technologic goals is to achieve cost-effective lignocellulosic ethanol production from biomass feedstocks. Lignocellulosic biomass of four dedicated energy crops [giant reed (Arundo donax L.), elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum (Schumach), Miscanthus x giganteus (Illinois clone), and (clone Q42641) {hybrid of Miscanthus sinensis Anderss. and Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim)}, Hack. called giant miscanthus, and sugarcane clone US 84-1028 (Saccharum L. spp. hybrid)] and residues from two crops [soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) litter and rice (Oryza sativa L.) husk] were tested for bioethanol production using cellulose solvent-based lignocellulose fractionation (CSLF) pretreatment and enzymatic (cellulase) hydrolysis. Giant miscanthus (Illinois), giant reed, giant miscanthus (Q42641), elephantgrass, and sugarcane all yielded higher amount of glucose on a biomass dry weight basis (0.290-0.331 g/g), than did rice husk (0.181 g/g) and soybean litter (0.186 g/g). To reduce the capital investment for energy consumption in fermentation, we used a self-flocculating yeast strain (SPSC01) to ferment the lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates. Bioethanol production was similar to 0.1 g/g in dedicated energy crops and less in two crop residues. These methods and data can help to develop a cost-effective downstream process for bioethanol production. C1 [Ge, Xumeng; Xu, Jianfeng; Phillips, Gregory C.; Sivakumar, Ganapathy] Arkansas State Univ, Arkansas Biosci Inst, Jonesboro, AR USA. [Ge, Xumeng] Dalian Univ Technol, Sch Biosci & Biotechnol, Dalian, Peoples R China. [Burner, David M.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR USA. [Xu, Jianfeng; Phillips, Gregory C.] Arkansas State Univ, Coll Agr & Technol, Jonesboro, AR USA. RP Sivakumar, G (reprint author), Arkansas State Univ, Arkansas Biosci Inst, Jonesboro, AR USA. EM sivakumar@libero.it FU Arkansas Biosciences Institute [262147]; National Science Foundation AR EPSCoR [EPS-0701890]; Arkansas ASSET Initiative; Arkansas Science & Technology Authority; Biomass Industrial Crops, Ltd. (Bical) and USDA-ARS [58-6227-0M-F155] FX Support was provided in part by the Arkansas Biosciences Institute grant (#262147) and National Science Foundation AR EPSCoR (grant # EPS-0701890), Arkansas ASSET Initiative and Arkansas Science & Technology Authority. Additional support was provided by DOE Midsouth/Southeast Bioenergy Consortium (# DE-FG36-08BO88036). Use of the proprietary clone of Miscanthus x giganteus (Q42641) [AR] was made possible through a non-funded cooperative agreement (no. 58-6227-0M-F155) between Biomass Industrial Crops, Ltd. (Bical) and USDA-ARS. Dr. Peter Tai (USDA-ARS, Canal Point, Florida, deceased) provided the sugarcane clone US 84-1028. Drs. Stephen P Long and Timothy A. Mies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, provided the Illinois grown Miscanthus x giganteus. Dr. Fengwu Bai, Dalian University of Technology, China provided the yeast strains SPSC01 and ATCC4126. The technical assistance of Sarah K. Grubbs, Lindsay M. Malatesta, and Zhou W Ni, Arkansas State University was appreciated. NR 19 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 28 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1860-6768 J9 BIOTECHNOL J JI Biotechnol. J. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 6 IS 1 BP 66 EP 73 DI 10.1002/biot.201000240 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 726JJ UT WOS:000287716300006 PM 21086455 ER PT J AU Pickell, L Brown, K Li, DQ Wang, XL Deng, LY Wu, Q Selhub, J Luo, L Jerome-Majewska, L Rozen, R AF Pickell, Laura Brown, Katharine Li, Deqiang Wang, Xiao-Ling Deng, Liyuan Wu, Qing Selhub, Jacob Luo, Li Jerome-Majewska, Loydie Rozen, Rima TI High Intake of Folic Acid Disrupts Embryonic Development in Mice SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE high folate; MTHFR; developmental delay; congenital defects; ventricular septal defects ID METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE DEFICIENCY; CONGENITAL HEART-DEFECTS; NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; DIETARY-FOLATE; UNITED-STATES; HORDALAND HOMOCYSTEINE; MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSAY; LACTOBACILLUS-CASEI; FOOD FORTIFICATION; VASCULAR-DISEASE AB BACKGROUND: Folic acid fortification and supplementation has increased folate intake and blood folate concentrations and successfully reduced the incidence of neural tube defects. However, the developmental consequences of high folate intake are unknown. This study investigated the impact of high folate intake, alone or with methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) deficiency, on embryonic and placental development in mice. METHODS: Mthfr +/+ or +/- pregnant mice on a control diet (CD; recommended intake of folic acid for rodents) or folic acid-supplemented diet (FASD; 20-fold higher than the recommended intake) were examined for embryonic loss, delay, and defects at 10.5 and 14.5 days post coitum (dpc); 10.5-dpc placenta, and 14.5-dpc embryo hearts were studied histologically. RESULTS: Total plasma folate was 10-fold higher in FASD compared to CD mice; plasma homocysteine levels were not affected by diet. At 10.5 dpc, the FASD was associated with embryonic delay and growth retardation, and may confer susceptibility to embryonic defects. The FASD did not adversely affect 10.5-dpc placental development. At 14.5 dpc, embryos from the FASD Mthfr +/+ group were delayed and the FASD was associated with thinner ventricular walls in embryonic hearts. There was a significant interaction between maternal MTHFR deficiency and a high folate diet for several developmental outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that high folate intake may have adverse effects on fetal mouse development and that maternal MTHFR deficiency may improve or rescue some of the adverse outcomes. These findings underscore the need for additional studies on the potential negative impact of high folate intake during pregnancy. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 91:8-19, 2011. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Pickell, Laura; Li, Deqiang; Wang, Xiao-Ling; Deng, Liyuan; Wu, Qing; Luo, Li; Jerome-Majewska, Loydie; Rozen, Rima] McGill Univ, Dept Human Genet, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Brown, Katharine; Rozen, Rima] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada. [Li, Deqiang; Wang, Xiao-Ling; Deng, Liyuan; Wu, Qing; Luo, Li; Jerome-Majewska, Loydie; Rozen, Rima] McGill Univ, Dept Pediat, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada. [Pickell, Laura; Brown, Katharine; Li, Deqiang; Wang, Xiao-Ling; Deng, Liyuan; Wu, Qing; Luo, Li; Jerome-Majewska, Loydie; Rozen, Rima] McGill Univ, Montreal Childrens Hosp, Res Inst, Montreal, PQ H3H 1P3, Canada. [Selhub, Jacob] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Rozen, R (reprint author), McGill Montreal Childrens Hosp, Res Inst, 4060 St Catherines St W,Room 242, Montreal, PQ H3Z 2Z3, Canada. EM rima.rozen@mcgill.ca FU Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) [MOP-43232] FX Supported by a grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR); Grant number: MOP-43232 NR 73 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 91 IS 1 BP 8 EP 19 DI 10.1002/bdra.20754 PG 12 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 708ZB UT WOS:000286401700002 PM 21254354 ER PT J AU Gates, NJ Sachdev, PS Singh, MAF Valenzuela, M AF Gates, Nicola J. Sachdev, Perminder S. Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone Valenzuela, Michael TI Cognitive and memory training in adults at risk of dementia: A Systematic Review SO BMC GERIATRICS LA English DT Review ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; HEALTHY OLDER-ADULTS; OF-THE-LITERATURE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; REHABILITATION PROGRAM; CHOLINESTERASE-INHIBITORS; IMPAIRMENT; INTERVENTION; BRAIN; METAANALYSIS AB Background: Effective non-pharmacological cognitive interventions to prevent Alzheimer's dementia or slow its progression are an urgent international priority. The aim of this review was to evaluate cognitive training trials in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and evaluate the efficacy of training in memory strategies or cognitive exercises to determine if cognitive training could benefit individuals at risk of developing dementia. Methods: A systematic review of eligible trials was undertaken, followed by effect size analysis. Cognitive training was differentiated from other cognitive interventions not meeting generally accepted definitions, and included both cognitive exercises and memory strategies. Results: Ten studies enrolling a total of 305 subjects met criteria for cognitive training in MCI. Only five of the studies were randomized controlled trials. Meta-analysis was not considered appropriate due to the heterogeneity of interventions. Moderate effects on memory outcomes were identified in seven trials. Cognitive exercises (relative effect sizes ranged from .10 to 1.21) may lead to greater benefits than memory strategies (. 88 to -1.18) on memory. Conclusions: Previous conclusions of a lack of efficacy for cognitive training in MCI may have been influenced by not clearly defining the intervention. Our systematic review found that cognitive exercises can produce moderate-to-large beneficial effects on memory-related outcomes. However, the number of high quality RCTs remains low, and so further trials must be a priority. Several suggestions for the better design of cognitive training trials are provided. C1 [Gates, Nicola J.; Sachdev, Perminder S.; Valenzuela, Michael] Univ New S Wales, Sch Psychiat, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia. [Sachdev, Perminder S.; Valenzuela, Michael] Univ New S Wales, Brain & Aging Res Program, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia. [Valenzuela, Michael] Univ New S Wales, Sch Psychiat, Regenerat Neurosci Grp, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia. [Sachdev, Perminder S.] Prince Wales Hosp, Neuropsychiat Inst, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Exercise Hlth & Performance Fac Res Grp, Lidcombe, NSW 2141, Australia. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Hebrew Senior Life, Boston, MA USA. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02130 USA. RP Gates, NJ (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Psychiat, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia. EM nicola.gates@student.unsw.edu.au OI Sachdev, Perminder/0000-0002-9595-3220 NR 51 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 3 U2 43 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2318 J9 BMC GERIATR JI BMC Geriatr. PY 2011 VL 11 AR 55 DI 10.1186/1471-2318-11-55 PG 14 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA V29EM UT WOS:000208731700055 PM 21942932 ER PT J AU Gates, NJ Valenzuela, M Sachdev, PS Singh, NA Baune, BT Brodaty, H Suo, C Jain, N Wilson, GC Wang, Y Baker, MK Williamson, D Foroughi, N Singh, MAF AF Gates, Nicola J. Valenzuela, Michael Sachdev, Perminder S. Singh, Nalin A. Baune, Bernhard T. Brodaty, Henry Suo, Chao Jain, Nidhi Wilson, Guy C. Wang, Yi Baker, Michael K. Williamson, Dominique Foroughi, Nasim Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone TI Study of Mental Activity and Regular Training (SMART) in at risk individuals: A randomised double blind, sham controlled, longitudinal trial SO BMC GERIATRICS LA English DT Article AB Background: The extent to which mental and physical exercise may slow cognitive decline in adults with early signs of cognitive impairment is unknown. This article provides the rationale and methodology of the first trial to investigate the isolated and combined effects of cognitive training (CT) and progressive resistance training (PRT) on general cognitive function and functional independence in older adults with early cognitive impairment: Study of Mental and Regular Training (SMART). Our secondary aim is to quantify the differential adaptations to these interventions in terms of brain morphology and function, cardiovascular and metabolic function, exercise capacity, psychological state and body composition, to identify the potential mechanisms of benefit and broader health status effects. Methods: SMART is a double-blind randomized, double sham-controlled trial. One hundred and thirty-two community-dwelling volunteers will be recruited. Primary inclusion criteria are: at risk for cognitive decline as defined by neuropsychology assessment, low physical activity levels, stable disease, and age over 55 years. The two active interventions are computerized CT and whole body, high intensity PRT. The two sham interventions are educational videos and seated calisthenics. Participants are randomized into 1 of 4 supervised training groups (2 d/wk x 6 mo) in a fully factorial design. Primary outcomes measured at baseline, 6, and 18 months are the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-Cog), neuropsychological test scores, and Bayer Informant Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (B-IADLs). Secondary outcomes are psychological well-being, quality of life, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal function, body composition, insulin resistance, systemic inflammation and anabolic/neurotrophic hormones, and brain morphology and function via Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Spectroscopy (fMRS). Discussion: SMART will provide a novel evaluation of the immediate and long term benefits of CT, PRT, and combined CT and PRT on global cognitive function and brain morphology, as well as potential underlying mechanisms of adaptation in older adults at risk of further cognitive decline. Trial Registration: Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ANZCTR): ANZCTRN12608000489392 C1 [Gates, Nicola J.; Valenzuela, Michael; Sachdev, Perminder S.; Brodaty, Henry; Suo, Chao] Univ New S Wales, Sch Psychiat, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia. [Valenzuela, Michael; Sachdev, Perminder S.; Brodaty, Henry] Univ New S Wales, Brain & Aging Res Program, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia. [Valenzuela, Michael] Univ New S Wales, Sch Psychiat, Regenerat Neurosci Grp, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia. [Sachdev, Perminder S.] Prince Wales Hosp, Neuropsychiat Inst, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia. [Singh, Nalin A.] Balmain Hosp, Balmain, NSW 2041, Australia. [Singh, Nalin A.] Royal Prince Alfred Hosp, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia. [Baune, Bernhard T.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Med, Discipline Psychiat, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Brodaty, Henry] Univ New S Wales, Primary Dementia Collaborat Res Ctr, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia. [Jain, Nidhi; Wilson, Guy C.; Wang, Yi; Baker, Michael K.; Williamson, Dominique; Foroughi, Nasim; Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Exercise Hlth & Performance Fac Res Grp, Lidcombe, NSW 2141, Australia. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Hebrew Senior Life, Boston, MA USA. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02130 USA. RP Gates, NJ (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Psychiat, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia. EM nicola.gates@student.unsw.edu.au RI Baker, Michael/E-9514-2010; OI Sachdev, Perminder/0000-0002-9595-3220; Baker, Michael/0000-0002-0551-4209 FU Dementia Research Grant [512672]; NHMRC; University of Sydney; University of New South Wales FX This study is funded by the Dementia Research Grant (no. 512672) from 2008. Additional funding for a research assistant position was sourced from the NHMRC program support, and the project is supported by the University of Sydney and University of New South Wales. MV is supported by a University of New South Wales Vice Chancellor's Fellowship. Donations for participant rewards were received from Gregory and Carr Funerals. We would also like to thank Nathan deVos for designing figure 1 for us, and all the participants who devoted their time to this project. NR 67 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 21 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2318 J9 BMC GERIATR JI BMC Geriatr. PY 2011 VL 11 AR 19 DI 10.1186/1471-2318-11-19 PG 15 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA V29EM UT WOS:000208731700019 PM 21510896 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Juricic, E Moore, BA Doppler, M Freeman, J Blackwell, BF Lima, SL DeVault, TL AF Fernandez-Juricic, Esteban Moore, Bret A. Doppler, Megan Freeman, Joseph Blackwell, Bradley F. Lima, Steven L. DeVault, Travis L. TI Testing the Terrain Hypothesis: Canada Geese See Their World Laterally and Obliquely SO BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Birds; Canada goose; Ganglion cells; Retinal topography; Terrain hypothesis; Vigilance; Visual fields ID GANGLION-CELL LAYER; GROUND-FORAGING BIRDS; VISUAL-FIELDS; BRANTA-CANADENSIS; HEAD MOVEMENTS; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; BINOCULAR VISION; FORMATION FLIGHT; CACKLING CANADA; TYTO-ALBA AB The distribution of ganglion cells in the retina determines the specific regions of the visual field with high visual acuity, and thus reflects the perception of a species' visual environment. The terrain hypothesis proposes that animals living in open areas should have a horizontal visual streak across the retina with high ganglion cell density to increase visual acuity along the horizon. We tested this hypothesis in Canada geese (Branta canadensis) by assessing retinal topography, visual field configuration, and scanning behavior. We found that geese have an oblique rather than a horizontal visual streak across the retina: from a dorsal-nasal to a ventral-temporal position. Geese showed narrow blind areas, which increased the range of their lateral vision, and a relatively large degree of eye movement. Canada geese have relatively wide binocular fields and can see their bill tips. Goose head movement rates were low compared to species with a single fovea, and head movement rates increased in visually obstructed habitats. Canada geese have high acuity across their retina, which would allow them to simultaneously scan the ground and the sky when the head is up and parallel to the ground, as well as align the visual streak with the horizon when the head is tilted downwards. Their visual streak, along with their large eye size, may reduce the need for large amplitude head movements during vigilance bouts in visually unobstructed habitats. Overall, the visual system of geese combines features related to the detection of predators/conspecifics in open areas (visual streak, large lateral field, reduced head movements) as well as visual specializations that would allow for monitoring both the ground and sky (oblique streak) and for extracting and handling of food items (wide binocular fields, visualization of the bill tip). Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Fernandez-Juricic, Esteban; Moore, Bret A.; Doppler, Megan; Freeman, Joseph] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Blackwell, Bradley F.; DeVault, Travis L.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ohio Field Stn, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Serv,USDA, Sandusky, OH USA. [Lima, Steven L.] Indiana State Univ, Dept Biol, Terre Haute, IN 47809 USA. RP Fernandez-Juricic, E (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lilly Hall G-302,915 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM efernan@purdue.edu FU US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center; US Federal Aviation Administration [DTFACT-09-X-90001] FX This project was partially funded by US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center and the US Federal Aviation Administration under Interagency Agreement DTFACT-09-X-90001. We thank Kristen Heitman and Providence Wildlife for allowing us to examine live geese. We also thank Thomas W. Seamans, Katherine Kapernaros, Marcella Deisher, Amy Stark, Melissa Hoover, Annamarie Bustion, Brianna Burry, Peter Perno, and Kathleen Young for their help in different parts of this project. NR 58 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 30 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0006-8977 J9 BRAIN BEHAV EVOLUT JI Brain Behav. Evol. PY 2011 VL 77 IS 3 BP 147 EP 158 DI 10.1159/000326053 PG 12 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Zoology GA 775NY UT WOS:000291468200004 PM 21546769 ER PT J AU Burri, BJ Chang, JST Neidlinger, TR AF Burri, Betty J. Chang, Jasmine S. T. Neidlinger, Terry R. TI beta-Cryptoxanthin- and alpha-carotene-rich foods have greater apparent bioavailability than beta-carotene-rich foods in Western diets SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE alpha-Carotene; beta-Carotene; beta-Cryptoxanthin; Vitamin A ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; VITAMIN-A; SERUM CONCENTRATIONS; MONGOLIAN GERBILS; XANTHOPHYLL CAROTENOIDS; FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; PLASMA-CONCENTRATIONS; PRERUMINANT CALVES; NATIONAL-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES AB beta-Carotene (BC), beta-cryptoxanthin (CX) and alpha-carotene (AC) are common carotenoids that form retinol. The amount of retinol (vitamin A) formed from carotenoid-rich foods should depend chiefly on the bioavailability (absorption and circulation time in the body) of carotenoids from their major food sources and the selectivity and reactivity of carotene cleavage enzymes towards them. The objective of the present study was to estimate the apparent bioavailability of the major sources of provitamin A (AC, BC and CX) from the diet by comparing the concentrations of these carotenoids in blood to their dietary intakes. Dietary intakes were estimated by FFQ (three studies in this laboratory, n 86; apparent bioavailability calculated for six other studies, n 5738) or by food record (two studies in our laboratory, n 59; apparent bioavailability calculated for two other studies, n 54). Carotenoid concentrations were measured by reversed-phase HPLC. Apparent bioavailability was calculated as the ratio of concentration in the blood to carotenoid intake. Then apparent bioavailabilities for AC and CX were compared to BC. Eating comparable amounts of AC-, CX- and BC-rich foods resulted in 53% greater AC (99% CI 23, 83) and 725% greater CX (99% CI 535, 915) concentrations in the blood. This suggests that the apparent bioavailability of CX from typical diets is greater than that of BC. Thus, CX-rich foods might be better sources of vitamin A than expected. C1 [Burri, Betty J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr & Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Burri, Betty J.; Chang, Jasmine S. T.; Neidlinger, Terry R.] USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Burri, BJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr & Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM betty.burri@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture; Paralyzed Veterans of America [1803] FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture and the Paralyzed Veterans of America (Spinal Cord Research Grant 1803). There are no conflicts of interest. B. J. B. designed the research, analysed the data, wrote the paper and had primary responsibility for the final content. T. R. N. and J. S. T. C. conducted the research. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript. NR 61 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 12 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 105 IS 2 BP 212 EP 219 DI 10.1017/S0007114510003260 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 724UX UT WOS:000287602800006 PM 20807466 ER PT J AU Dozier, WA Corzo, A Kidd, MT Tillman, PB Branton, SL AF Dozier, W. A., III Corzo, A. Kidd, M. T. Tillman, P. B. Branton, S. L. TI Determination of the fourth and fifth limiting amino acids in broilers fed on diets containing maize, soybean meal and poultry by-product meal from 28 to 42 d of age SO BRITISH POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID THREONINE NEEDS; VALINE; ISOLEUCINE; RESPONSES; GROWTH; CHICKENS; LYSINE; CARCASS; MALES; RATIO AB 1. Valine (Val) is considered the 4th limiting amino acid for broilers fed on diets containing ingredients from vegetable origin. However, Val and Isoleucine (Ile) may be co-limiting for broilers fed on diets containing animal protein meals. An experiment was conducted to examine growth responses and meat yield of broilers provided diets varying in digestible Val (dVal) and digestible Ile (dIle) concentrations from 28 to 42 d of age. 2. Eight experimental diets varying in dVal (dVal to dLys ratios from 0 center dot 66 to 0 center dot 76) and dIle (dIle to dLys ratios from 0 center dot 57 to 0 center dot 67) were studied; digestible Lysine (Lys) was formulated to 9 center dot 9 g/kg in all diets. 3. Broilers fed on a negative control (NC) diet supplemented with crystalline Val (L-Val) and crystalline Ile (L-Ile), dVal to dLys = 0 center dot 76 and dIle to dLys = 0 center dot 67, grew faster and had higher breast meat yield than birds fed on NC + L-Ile (dVal to dLys = 0 center dot 66 and dIle to dLys = 0 center dot 67), NC + L-Val (dVal to dLys = 0 center dot 76 and dIle to dLys = 0 center dot 57), and NC + reduced L-Val and L-Ile (dVal to dLys = 0 center dot 71 and dIle to dLys = 0 center dot 62). 4. Feeding broilers on the NC + L-Val and L-Ile (dVal to dLys = 0 center dot 76 and dIle to dLys = 0 center dot 67) diets gave similar BW gain, carcase weight and yield and total breast meat weight and yield to birds fed on the positive control-fed broilers with no added L-Val and L-Ile (dVal to dLys = 0 center dot 76 and dIle to dLys = 0 center dot 67). 5. These results indicate that Val and Ile are co-limiting in diets containing poultry by-product meal. C1 [Dozier, W. A., III; Branton, S. L.] ARS, USDA, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Corzo, A.; Kidd, M. T.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Tillman, P. B.] Ajinomoto Heartland LLC, Chicago, IL 60631 USA. RP Dozier, WA (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, 201 Poultry Sci Bldg,260 Lem Morrison Dr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM bill.dozier@auburn.edu NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1668 EI 1466-1799 J9 BRIT POULTRY SCI JI Br. Poult. Sci. PY 2011 VL 52 IS 2 BP 238 EP 244 AR PII 936229851 DI 10.1080/00071668.2011.561282 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 750SG UT WOS:000289567700013 PM 21491247 ER PT J AU Huff, GR Dutta, V Huff, WE Rath, NC AF Huff, G. R. Dutta, V. Huff, W. E. Rath, N. C. TI Effects of dietary yeast extract on turkey stress response and heterophil oxidative burst activity SO BRITISH POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI CHALLENGE; BETA-GLUCANS; OSTEOMYELITIS COMPLEX; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; AVIAN HETEROPHILS; SEXUAL-DIMORPHISM; LYMPHOCYTE RATIO; BROILER-CHICKENS; HOLO-ANALYSIS AB 1. Effective nutritional approaches to counteract the negative effects of stress may provide food animal producers with useful alternatives to antibiotics. In this study, turkeys were fed on a standard diet, or the same diet supplemented with yeast extract (YE), to determine if YE would improve disease resistance in a stress model. 2. At 16 weeks of age, half of the birds were exposed to a bacterial challenge using a coarse spray of the pen environment. A subset of control and challenged birds was also treated with dexamethasone (Dex) prior to challenge (Dex/challenge). At 18 weeks, another subset was subjected to a 12 h transport stress protocol (Challenge/transport). All birds were bled and necropsied the morning after transport. The numbers and proportions of blood cells and the heterophil oxidative burst activity (OBA) were determined. Serum corticosterone (Cort) levels of male birds were measured using a commercial ELISA kit. Body weight and gain were increased by YE during week 1. 3. YE decreased mortality and bacterial isolation following Dex/challenge only in females. Cort levels in male turkeys were decreased by YE and Dex treatment. OBA was higher in males and in birds given YE and was reduced by challenge and transport. 4. These results suggest there may be gender differences in the turkey stress response and that dietary YE has potential for modulating the impact of stress on innate immunity of turkeys. C1 [Huff, G. R.; Huff, W. E.; Rath, N. C.] Univ Arkansas, USDA, ARS, Poultry Sci Ctr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Dutta, V.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. RP Huff, GR (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, USDA, ARS, Poultry Sci Ctr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM grhuff@uark.edu NR 56 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 23 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1668 J9 BRIT POULTRY SCI JI Br. Poult. Sci. PY 2011 VL 52 IS 4 BP 446 EP 455 DI 10.1080/00071668.2011.600753 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 877XP UT WOS:000299216300006 PM 21919572 ER PT J AU Ivanauskas, A Valiunas, D Jomantiene, R Staniulis, J Alma, A Picciau, L Davis, RE AF Ivanauskas, Algirdas Valiunas, Deividas Jomantiene, Rasa Staniulis, Juozas Alma, Alberto Picciau, Luca Davis, Robert E. TI First report of potential phytoplasma vectors Euscelis incisus and Macrosteles sexnotatus in Lithuania SO BULLETIN OF INSECTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Euscelis incisus; Macrosteles sexnotatus; phytoplasma vectors; 16S rDNA; 16SrI-C; 16SrIII-P ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; CLASSIFICATION; INSECTS; PLANTS AB Phytoplasma strains of four 16Sr RFLP groups have been reported from various plant hosts in Lithuania, but there are no published data about insect species that serve as vectors of the phytoplasmas in the country. In the present study, phytoplasma strains belonging to subgroups 16SrIII-P and 16SrI-C were identified in leafhoppers collected from a meadow and orchard. Phytoplasma strains belonging to subgroup 16SrI-C were found in Euscelis incisus and Macrosteles sexnotatus. Phytoplasma strains belonging to subgroup 16SrIII-P were detected in E. incisus. These results indicate that E. incisus and M sexnotatus feed on plant hosts of these phytoplasmas and that they possibly act as vectors of strains classified in subgroups 16SrI-C and 16SrIII-P, the latter subgroup containing phytoplasma strains that have to date been found only in Lithuania. C1 [Ivanauskas, Algirdas; Valiunas, Deividas; Jomantiene, Rasa; Staniulis, Juozas] Nat Res Ctr, Phytovirus Lab, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Alma, Alberto; Picciau, Luca] Univ Turin, DIVAPRA, I-10124 Turin, Italy. [Davis, Robert E.] ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Ivanauskas, A (reprint author), Nat Res Ctr, Phytovirus Lab, Akad G 2, Vilnius, Lithuania. EM algirdasivanauskas@gmail.com FU COST Action "Integrated Management of Phytoplasma Epidemics in Different Crop Systems" [COST-STSM-FA0807-081110-003099, FA0807] FX Part of the work was carried out during the COST-STSM-FA0807-081110-003099 in the frame of the COST Action FA0807 "Integrated Management of Phytoplasma Epidemics in Different Crop Systems". We gratefully acknowledge Prof. Assunta Bertaccini for the collaboration in insect vectors identification. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ALMA MATER STUDIORUM, UNIV BOLOGNA PI BOLOGNA PA DEPT AGROENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES & TECHNOLOGY, VIALE G FANIN, 42, BOLOGNA, 40127, ITALY SN 1721-8861 J9 B INSECTOL JI Bull. Insectology PY 2011 VL 64 SU S BP S131 EP S132 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 843OO UT WOS:000296681900063 ER PT J AU Jovic, J Cvrkovic, T Mitrovic, M Krnjajic, S Krstic, O Redinbaugh, MG Pratt, RC Tosevski, I AF Jovic, Jelena Cvrkovic, Tatjana Mitrovic, Milana Krnjajic, Slobodan Krstic, Oliver Redinbaugh, Margaret G. Pratt, Richard C. Tosevski, Ivo TI Hosts of stolbur phytoplasmas in maize redness affected fields SO BULLETIN OF INSECTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Class Mollicutes; South Banat region; stolbur phytoplasma; vector ID GRAPEVINE YELLOWS; REPTALUS-PANZERI; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEIN; FRANCE; SERBIA AB The plant host range of a phytoplasma is strongly dependent on the host range of its insect vector. Maize redness in Serbia is caused by stolbur phytoplasma (subgroup 16SrXII-A) and is transmitted by the cixiid planthoper, Reptalus panzeri (Low). R. panzeri was the only potential vector found to be infected with stolbur phytoplasm in and around maize redness affected fields, and the phytoplasma was only found in monocotyledonous plants including maize, Johnsongrass, and wheat. Other known stolbur phytoplasma vectors and weedy plant hosts tested were not infected. These results are discussed with respect to potential differentiation of the pathogen in different host-vector systems. C1 [Redinbaugh, Margaret G.] Ohio State Univ, USDA, ARS Corn & Soybean Res, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Redinbaugh, Margaret G.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Jovic, Jelena; Cvrkovic, Tatjana; Mitrovic, Milana; Krnjajic, Slobodan; Krstic, Oliver; Tosevski, Ivo] Inst Plant Protect & Environm, Dept Plant Pests, Zemun 11080, Serbia. [Pratt, Richard C.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Tosevski, Ivo] CABI Europe Switzerland, CH-2800 Delemont, Switzerland. RP Redinbaugh, MG (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, USDA, ARS Corn & Soybean Res, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM peg.redinbaugh@ars.usda.gov RI Redinbaugh, Margaret/A-3611-2013 FU Serbian Ministry of Education and Science [III43001]; USDA Foreign Agriculture Service FX We thank Radovan Radulovic, Ljubivoje Drpic and Slobodan Tukelic for technical assistance. This research was supported by Serbian Ministry of Education and Science (grant number III43001) and USDA Foreign Agriculture Service. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU ALMA MATER STUDIORUM, UNIV BOLOGNA PI BOLOGNA PA DEPT AGROENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES & TECHNOLOGY, VIALE G FANIN, 42, BOLOGNA, 40127, ITALY SN 1721-8861 J9 B INSECTOL JI Bull. Insectology PY 2011 VL 64 SU S BP S155 EP S156 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 843OO UT WOS:000296681900075 ER PT J AU Verner-Jeffreys, DW Haig, SJ Welch, TJ Pond, MJ Stone, D Davies, RL Gardiner, R AF Verner-Jeffreys, D. W. Haig, S. J. Welch, T. J. Pond, M. J. Stone, D. Davies, R. L. Gardiner, R. TI Characterisation of a serotype O1 Yersinia ruckeri isolate from the Isle of Man: further evidence that O antigen serotype is not a reliable indicator of virulence SO BULLETIN OF THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION OF FISH PATHOLOGISTS LA English DT Article AB As part of a routine disease surveillance exercise, a culture of the Gram negative bacterial pathogen Yersinia ruckeri was obtained from one of 150 largely asymptomatic rainbow trout from a farm on the Isle of Man, an island off the North West coast of Great Britain. This is the first reported isolation of Y. ruckeri from the Isle of Man. The isolate was phenotypically and serologically indistinguishable from serotype O1 Y. ruckeri isolates, which have been the cause of the disease enteric redmouth (ERM) in Europe, the UK and the US for more than 30 years. However, the isolate was relatively avirulent, when tested by bath immersion challenge, in rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon, compared to a positive control ERM disease-causing rainbow trout isolate. Detailed molecular subtyping of the isolate using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) also showed the isolate had a different pulsotype to the isolates known to typically circulate in Europe and the mainland UK. Overall, the results support the suggestion that the O1 serogroup contains a heterogeneous assembly of types with respect to pathogenicity and host. C1 [Verner-Jeffreys, D. W.; Haig, S. J.; Pond, M. J.; Stone, D.; Gardiner, R.] The Nothe, Cefas Weymouth Lab, Weymouth DT4 8UB, England. [Haig, S. J.; Davies, R. L.] Univ Glasgow, Glasgow Biomed Res Ctr, Glasgow G12 8TA, Lanark, Scotland. [Welch, T. J.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Verner-Jeffreys, DW (reprint author), The Nothe, Cefas Weymouth Lab, Barrack Rd, Weymouth DT4 8UB, England. EM david.verner-jeffreys@cefas.co.uk OI Welch, Tim/0000-0003-1096-3006 FU Isle of Man government; UK's Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs [FC 1178, FB001]; SH [FC1172] FX The original investigation was funded by the Isle of Man government. The subsequent more detailed characterisation of isolate 09003 was funded by the UK's Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs through projects FC 1178, FB001 and a studentship for SH (Project FC1172). NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU EUR ASSOC FISH PATHOLOGISTS PI ABERDEEN PA C/O DR DAVID BRUNO, MARINE LABORATORY, PO BOX 101, VICTORIA RD, ABERDEEN AB11 9DB, SCOTLAND SN 0108-0288 J9 B EUR ASSOC FISH PAT JI Bull. Eur. Assoc. Fish Pathol. PY 2011 VL 31 IS 3 BP 86 EP 91 PG 6 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 784PN UT WOS:000292169300001 ER PT J AU Daane, KM Johnson, MW Pickett, CH Sime, KR Wang, XG Nadel, H Andrews, JW Hoelmer, KA AF Daane, Kent M. Johnson, Marshall W. Pickett, Charles H. Sime, Karen R. Wang, Xin-Geng Nadel, Hannah Andrews, John W., Jr. Hoelmer, Kim A. TI Biological controls investigated to aid management of olive fruit fly in California SO CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE LA English DT Review ID BACTROCERA-OLEAE DIPTERA; PARASITOID FOPIUS-ARISANUS; PSYTTALIA-CONCOLOR; CONTROL AGENT; EGG-PUPAL; HYMENOPTERA-BRACONIDAE; CERATITIS-CAPITATA; BAIT GF-120; TEPHRITIDAE; FLIES AB The widespread and rapid establishment of the olive fruit fly in California required immediate changes in integrated pest management (IPM) programs for olives. After finding that resident natural enemies did not provide adequate control, researchers began a worldwide search for parasitoids, with exploration in the Republic of South Africa, Namibia, India, China and other countries. Parasitoids were shipped to California, and most were studied in quarantine to determine the best species for release. Two parasitoid species - Psyttalia lounsburyi and Psyttalia humilis - are now being released throughout the state's olive-growing regions, and researchers are studying their effectiveness. C1 [Daane, Kent M.; Wang, Xin-Geng] UC Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA USA. [Johnson, Marshall W.] UC Riverside, Riverside, CA USA. [Pickett, Charles H.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Biol Control Program, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. [Sime, Karen R.] SUNY Coll Oswego, Oswego, NY USA. [Nadel, Hannah] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Plant Protect & Quarantine program, Buzzards Bay, MA USA. [Andrews, John W., Jr.] UC Berkeley, Coll Nat Resources, Berkeley, CA USA. [Hoelmer, Kim A.] USDA Agr Res Serv, European Biol Control Lab, Montpellier, France. RP Daane, KM (reprint author), UC Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA USA. FU CDFA; California Olive Committee; USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service FX We thank CDFA for funding this review; and the California Olive Committee, CDFA Biological Control Program (in collaboration with USDA) and USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service's Pest Management Alternatives Program for funding olive fruit fly research. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 13 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA, OAKLAND, DIVISION AGRICULTURE & NATURAL RESOURCES PI RICHMOND PA 1301 S 46 ST, RICHMOND, CA 94804 USA SN 0008-0845 J9 CALIF AGR JI Calif. Agric. PD JAN-MAR PY 2011 VL 65 IS 1 BP 21 EP 28 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 705LF UT WOS:000286129200008 ER PT J AU Johnson, MW Wang, XG Nadel, H Opp, SB Lynn-Patterson, K Stewart-Leslie, J Daane, KM AF Johnson, Marshall W. Wang, Xin-Geng Nadel, Hannah Opp, Susan B. Lynn-Patterson, Kris Stewart-Leslie, Judy Daane, Kent M. TI High temperature affects olive fruit fly populations in California's Central Valley SO CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE LA English DT Review ID DIPTERA TEPHRITIDAE; PERFORMANCE; OIL AB Olive fruit fly commonly infests olives in California's Central Valley. Field studies indicate that trap counts for olive fruit fly adults in pesticide-free sites decrease in mid- and late summer and then rebound from September to November. Part of this decline is associated with heat stress that the flies experience in mid-July and August. Studies have shown that adult flies will die within a few days if they cannot access adequate amounts of water and carbohydrates. Flight ability is dramatically reduced when resources are unavailable. Olive fruit fly adults may use black scale honeydew as a carbohydrate source to help them survive hot periods. Heat also affects the fly's reproduction and immature stages within olive fruit. Geographic information system (GIS) maps may be useful for predicting the risk of olive fruit fly infestation. C1 [Johnson, Marshall W.] UC Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Wang, Xin-Geng; Daane, Kent M.] UC Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA USA. [Nadel, Hannah] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Plant Protect & Quarantine program, Buzzards Bay, MA USA. [Stewart-Leslie, Judy] Consolidated Cent Valley Table Grape Pest & Dis C, Exeter, CA USA. RP Johnson, MW (reprint author), UC Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 7 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA, OAKLAND, DIVISION AGRICULTURE & NATURAL RESOURCES PI OAKLAND PA 1111 FRANKLIN ST, 6TH FLOOR, OAKLAND, CA 94607-5200 USA SN 0008-0845 J9 CALIF AGR JI Calif. Agric. PD JAN-MAR PY 2011 VL 65 IS 1 BP 29 EP 33 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 705LF UT WOS:000286129200009 ER PT J AU Yee, WL Goughnour, RB AF Yee, Wee L. Goughnour, Robert B. TI Mating frequencies and production of hybrids by Rhagoletis pomonella and Rhagoletis zephyria (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the laboratory SO CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID CHERRY FRUIT-FLY; APPLE MAGGOT; SPECIATION; BEHAVIOR; GENETICS AB Evidence indicates low levels of hybridization in nature between the apple maggot (AM), Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh), and snowberry maggot (SB), Rhagoletis zephyria Snow, sibling species in the R. pomonella complex. We determined the effects of AM and SB pairings on mating frequencies and production of hybrid offspring in the laboratory. Mating frequency was lowest in SB female x AM male pairings, higher in AM female x SB male and AM female x AM male pairings, and highest in SB female x SB male pairings. A greater percentage of AM female x AM male pairs produced offspring (puparia) than did AM female x SB male and SB female x AM male pairs, and a greater percentage of AM female x SB male pairs produced puparia than did SB female x AM male pairs. Male or female F(1) hybrids backcrossed with AM males and with other F1 hybrids were fertile. Results suggest most R pomonella x R. zephyria hybrids found in nature are the result of R. zephyria males mating with R. pomonella females, with few from reciprocal matings. If true, this asymmetry could lower the incidence of hybridization in nature. C1 [Yee, Wee L.] ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Goughnour, Robert B.] Washington State Univ, Res & Extens Unit, Vancouver, WA 98665 USA. RP Yee, WL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM wee.yee@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU ENTOMOL SOC CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 393 WINSTON AVE, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K2A 1Y8, CANADA SN 0008-347X J9 CAN ENTOMOL JI Can. Entomol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 143 IS 1 BP 82 EP 90 DI 10.4039/n10-047 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 852XB UT WOS:000297389700006 ER PT J AU Stanosz, GR Trummer, LM Rohrs-Richey, JK Smith, DR Adams, GC Worrall, JJ AF Stanosz, Glen R. Trummer, Lori M. Rohrs-Richey, Jennifer K. Smith, Denise R. Adams, Gerard C. Worrall, James J. TI Response of Alnus tenuifolia to inoculation with Valsa melanodiscus SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYTOPATHOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE Alnus tenuifolia; canker; Cytospora umbrina; thinleaf alder; Valsa melanodiscus ID CYTOSPORA CANKER; FRENCH PRUNE; FIXATION; ALASKA AB Valsa melanodiscus (anamorph Cytospora umbrina) has been associated with cankers, dieback, and death of alder (Alnus) stems in western North America. To determine the ability of this fungus to induce these symptoms, the responses of thinleaf alder (Alnus tenuifolia) stems to inoculation with V. melanodiscus were studied in field locations in Alaska and on plants in a greenhouse. In the field, woody stems were wounded to expose both inner bark and sapwood and inoculated in early May 2007 or September 2007 by placing a colonized agar plug over the wound. Sunken, elongated cankers that developed on inoculated stems in the field closely resembled those attributed to natural infection of thinleaf alders by V. melanodiscus. In contrast, wounded control stems exhibited strong callus production and wound closure. In the greenhouse, actively growing lateral shoots were inoculated by placing a colonized agar plug over a fresh leaf scar. Inoculation in the greenhouse resulted in development of cankers, and severity of symptoms was affected by the maturity of the shoot at the point of inoculation. These results support the conclusion that V. melanodiscus is a cause of alder dieback in western North America. C1 [Stanosz, Glen R.; Smith, Denise R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Trummer, Lori M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. [Rohrs-Richey, Jennifer K.] Univ Alaska, Dept Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Rohrs-Richey, Jennifer K.] Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Adams, Gerard C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Worrall, James J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Gunnison, CO 81230 USA. RP Stanosz, GR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM grs@plantpath.wisc.edu RI Worrall, James/G-9496-2011 FU USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection FX The USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection financially supported this project. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol.-Rev. Can. Phytopathol. PY 2011 VL 33 IS 2 BP 202 EP 209 AR PII 934840222 DI 10.1080/07060661.2011.556667 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 750QM UT WOS:000289563100011 ER PT J AU Okubara, PA Jones, SS AF Okubara, Patricia A. Jones, Stephen S. TI Seedling resistance to Rhizoctonia and Pythium spp. in wheat chromosome group 4 addition lines from Thinopyrum spp. SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYTOPATHOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE disease resistance; necrotroph; root disease; soilborne pathogen; wheat ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; EASTERN WASHINGTON; TAPESIA-YALLUNDAE; REDUCED TILLAGE; SOLANI AG-8; ROOT DISEASES; BARE PATCH; R. ORYZAE; PATHOGENS AB Chromosome 4 from Thinopyrum spp. confers the ability to regrow after a sexual cycle and senescence in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum), and is associated with resistance to the necrotrophic eyespot pathogen, Oculimacula yallundae. We sought to determine whether robust root growth or other traits controlled by chromosome 4 enhanced resistance to necrotrophic root pathogens. To this end, we tested seedlings of the hexaploid wheat 'Chinese Spring' (CS) having chromosome 4E from Th. elongatum (CS4E) or 4J from Th. bessarabicum (CS4J) for their response to Rhizoctonia solani AG8, R. oryzae or Pythium ultimum. Seedling damage was evaluated on the basis of disease severity (for Rhizoctonia spp. only), root weight, total root length, and first leaf true length (Pythium spp. only), after 14 days of growth in infested soil. All but the first of these variables were evaluated as the ratios of the means of inoculated to non-inoculated seedlings, to correct for inherent differences in root development among the lines. The CS4E and CS4J chromosome addition lines generally displayed resistance to both R. solani AG8 and R. oryzae, having reduced disease severity ratings, no significant decreases in root weight, and moderate decreases in root length compared with CS. The chromosome addition line CS4E and the amphidiploid CS-Thinopyrum elongatum exhibited the best resistance to P. ultimum. Thinopyrum elongatum, the donor of chromosome 4E, also displayed resistance to R. solani AG8, R. oryzae and P. ultimum, despite having short, fine roots. Our findings indicate that these chromosome addition lines encode genetic sources of seedling resistance to the three soil-borne pathogens. Although Thinopyrum chromosomes and wheat chromosomes do not recombine during meiosis, chromosome engineering techniques can be employed to transfer these novel sources of resistance to wheat. C1 [Okubara, Patricia A.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Jones, Stephen S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Okubara, PA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM pokubara@wsu.edu FU USDA ARS [5248-22000-012-00D] FX The authors thank Timothy Paulitz for the Rhizoctonia and Pythium isolates, Nathalie Walter for expert technical assistance, Matt Arterburn for stimulating discussions about resistance mechanisms, and Kim Garland Campbell and Kevin Murphy for critically reading the manuscript. This research was supported by USDA ARS Project Number 5248-22000-012-00D (P.O.). References to a company and/or product by the USDA are only for the purposes of information and do not imply approval or recommendation of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol.-Rev. Can. Phytopathol. PY 2011 VL 33 IS 3 BP 416 EP 423 DI 10.1080/07060661.2011.590532 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 880NL UT WOS:000299414000013 ER PT J AU Cheng, Q Windham, AS Klingeman, WE Sakhanokho, HF Saxton, AM Li, YH Windham, MT AF Cheng, Qunkang Windham, Alan S. Klingeman, William E. Sakhanokho, Hamidou F. Saxton, Arnold M. Li, Yonghao Windham, Mark T. TI Histological investigation of infection processes of Discula destructiva on leaves of Cornus florida SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYTOPATHOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE Cornus florida; Discula destructiva; dogwood anthracnose; histopathology; infection process ID SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; DOGWOOD ANTHRACNOSE; MORTALITY; L. AB The infection process of Discula destructiva Redlin on Cornus florida L. leaves was studied using histological and microscopic techniques. Penetration of fungal hyphae through natural openings and wounds was not observed, while direct penetration without appressorium formation was demonstrated 3 days after inoculation (DAI). Leaves inoculated with D. destructiva developed symptoms of dogwood anthracnose after 7 to 8 days. At 8 DAI, hyphae were observed in aggregations located between the cuticle and epidermis and also growing intracellularly towards epidermal, palisade, parenchymal and spongy mesophyll cells. At 16 DAI, typical chlorotic and necrotic halos, with a red to purple external border, were formed on the inoculated leaves. Within leaf tissues, at 16 DAI, chloroplasts were intact but decompartmentalized and infection sites were clearly defined. Sporulation and ruptured acervuli (cuticle ruptured and spores released) were first detected at 20 DAI, and had fully developed to rupture the plant cuticle on both adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces by 24 DAI. C1 [Cheng, Qunkang; Li, Yonghao; Windham, Mark T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Windham, Alan S.] Univ Tennessee Extens, Nashville, TN 37211 USA. [Klingeman, William E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Sakhanokho, Hamidou F.] ARS, USDA, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Saxton, Arnold M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Windham, MT (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM mwindham@utk.edu FU Tennessee Ag-Research; USDA-ARS [58-6404-7-213] FX This research was financially supported by Tennessee Ag-Research and by USDA-ARS 58-6404-7-213. We are also grateful to Dr Denita Hadziabdic for her assistance with DNA extraction, ITS amplification, cloning, sequencing and alignment. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol.-Rev. Can. Phytopathol. PY 2011 VL 33 IS 4 BP 525 EP 531 DI 10.1080/07060661.2011.632441 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 890WI UT WOS:000300176300010 ER PT J AU Rohrs-Richey, JK Winton, LM Stanosz, GR AF Rohrs-Richey, Jennifer K. Winton, Loretta M. Stanosz, Glen R. TI Response of Alnus fruticosa to inoculation with Valsa melanodiscus in roadside and forested environments SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYTOPATHOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE Alaska; Alnus fruticosa; Cytospora canker; Cytospora umbrina; Valsa melanodisus ID VIRIDIS SUBSP FRUTICOSA; NITROGEN-FIXATION; CYTOSPORA CANKER; INTERIOR ALASKA; WATER-STRESS; DISEASE; STEMS; PATHOGENS; POPULUS; ASPEN AB Valsa melanodiscus (anamorph Cytospora umbrina) has been associated with disease-related mortality of a riparian shrub, thinleaf alder (Alnus tenuifolia), across Alaska. The disease is characterized by diffuse, longitudinal stem cankers. Similar disease symptoms have also been observed on Siberian alder (Alnus fruticosa) in upland and alpine habitats. However, canker-related mortality on A. fruticosa appears to be much lower than on A. tenuifolia. We conducted a field inoculation study in upland, mixed stands to test whether the same pathogen species causing mortality in A. tenuifolia can incite disease on A. fruticosa. Because A. fruticosa can be subjected to water stress along roadsides, we also compared disease predisposition and susceptibility in roadside versus forested habitats. In July 2008, we inoculated A. fruticosa by wounding the stem and placing a colonized agar plug over the exposed inner bark and sapwood. After one year, V. melanodiscus was cultured from 91.5% of the inoculated stems. Fifty-five per cent of the inoculated stems developed sunken elliptical cankers, while wounded control stems produced callus that closed the wound. Percentage stem girdle was typically < 10%, and canker length was limited to 5 mm or less in the majority of inoculated stems. However, A. fruticosa stems inoculated along a south-facing roadside had more severe symptoms (cankers 10 to 13 mm in length). Our study suggests that disease-related mortality in upland, mixed stands is unlikely for A. fruticosa, but that site conditions associated with increased vulnerability to water stress may be related to disease susceptibility. C1 [Rohrs-Richey, Jennifer K.] Univ Alaska, Dept Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Rohrs-Richey, Jennifer K.] Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Winton, Loretta M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. [Stanosz, Glen R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Rohrs-Richey, JK (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Dept Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM rohrsj@hotmail.com FU USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection; Alaska's Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) FX This research was partially supported by a grant from the USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection. Funding was also provided by fellowships to J.K. Rohrs-Richey from Alaska's Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR). Helpful comments on the manuscript were provided by Christa P.H. Mulder, Roger W. Ruess and Barbara A. Roy. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol.-Rev. Can. Phytopathol. PY 2011 VL 33 IS 4 BP 532 EP 540 DI 10.1080/07060661.2011.633102 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 890WI UT WOS:000300176300011 ER PT J AU Hamir, AN Greenlee, JJ Stanton, TB Smith, JD Doucette, S Kunkle, RA Stasko, JA Richt, JA Kehrli, ME AF Hamir, Amir N. Greenlee, Justin J. Stanton, Thad B. Smith, Jodi D. Doucette, Stephanie Kunkle, Robert A. Stasko, Judith A. Richt, Juergen A. Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr. TI Experimental inoculation of raccoons (Procyon lotor) with Spiroplasma mirum and transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE VETERINAIRE LA English DT Article ID SCRAPIE; PROTEIN; TISSUE; BRAIN; AGENT AB The primary objective of this study was to determine whether or not Spiroplasma mirum would be capable of producing lesions of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) when inoculated in raccoons (Procyon lotor) and, if that was possible, to compare the clinicopathological findings with those of transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) in the same experimental model. For this purpose, 5 groups (n = 5) of raccoon kits were inoculated intracerebrally with either S. mirum and/or TME. Two other groups (n = 5) of raccoon kits served as sham-inoculated controls. All animals inoculated with TME, either alone or in combination, showed clinical signs of neurologic disorder and were euthanized within 6 mo post-inoculation (MPI). None of the carcasses revealed gross lesions. Spongiform encephalopathy was observed by light microscopy and the presence of abnormal disease-causing prion protein (PrP(d)) was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot (WB) techniques in only the raccoons administered TME. Raccoons inoculated with Spiroplasma, but not administered TME agent, were euthanized at 30 MPI. They did not show clinical neurologic signs, their brains did not have lesions of spongiform encephalopathy, and their tissues were negative for S. mirum by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and for PrPd by IHC and WB techniques. The results of this study indicate that Spiroplasma mirum does not induce TSE-like disease in raccoons. C1 ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Richt, Juergen A.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Diagnost Med & Pathobiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Hamir, AN (reprint author), Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Vet Med & Surg, Unit 63, 1515 Holcombe Blvd,Room 4055C, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM ahamir@mdanderson.org NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU CANADIAN VET MED ASSOC PI OTTAWA PA 339 BOOTH ST ATTN: KIMBERLY ALLEN-MCGILL, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1R 7K1, CANADA SN 0830-9000 J9 CAN J VET RES JI Can. J. Vet. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. Vet. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 75 IS 1 BP 18 EP 24 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 729US UT WOS:000287977100003 PM 21461191 ER PT J AU Huang, HS Soutyrine, A Rendulich, J O'Rourke, K Balachandran, A AF Huang, Hongsheng Soutyrine, Andrei Rendulich, Jasmine O'Rourke, Katherine Balachandran, Aru TI Investigation of the effects of experimental autolysis on the detection of abnormal prion protein in lymphoid and central nervous system tissues from elk and sheep using the Western blotting method SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE VETERINAIRE LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSIBLE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHIES; CHRONIC-WASTING-DISEASE; DIAGNOSIS; SCRAPIE; SAMPLES; PRPSC; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; BSE AB Tissues unsuitable for standard immunohistochemical and histopathological examinations for chronic wasting disease (CWD) in cervids and for scrapie in sheep are frequently submitted for testing. This study investigated the effects of experimental autolysis on the detection of abnormal prion protein (PrPsc) in lymphoid and central nervous system (CNS) tissues from elk and sheep. The PrPsc was detected using a Western blotting (WB) test following PrPsc enrichment using sodium phosphotungstic acid (PTA) precipitation (PTA-WB). A commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used as a reference test for quantitative measurement. This study showed that the amount of PrPsc in lymphoid and CNS tssues from elk and sheep decreased gradually as a result of autolysis, but PrPsc was still detectable after 5 and 15 d incubation at 37 degrees C by PTA-WB for all lymphoid and CNS samples. The results of the ELISA supported those of PTA-WB, particularly for CNS tissues. In conclusion, autolysis at 37 degrees C for 15 d would not significantly affect the detection of PrPsc in lymphoid and CNS tissues by WB and ELISA and, particularly, PTA-WB is a valuable and alternative confirmatory test to detect PrPsc in autolyzed lymphoid and CNS samples. C1 [Huang, Hongsheng; Soutyrine, Andrei; Rendulich, Jasmine; Balachandran, Aru] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Ottawa Lab Fallowfield, Nepean, ON K2H 8P9, Canada. [O'Rourke, Katherine] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Huang, HS (reprint author), Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Ottawa Lab Fallowfield, 3851 Fallowfield Rd, Nepean, ON K2H 8P9, Canada. EM huangho@inspection.gc.ca NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CANADIAN VET MED ASSOC PI OTTAWA PA 339 BOOTH ST ATTN: KIMBERLY ALLEN-MCGILL, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1R 7K1, CANADA SN 0830-9000 J9 CAN J VET RES JI Can. J. Vet. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. Vet. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 75 IS 1 BP 69 EP 72 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 729US UT WOS:000287977100011 PM 21461199 ER PT J AU Tong, SY Kim, MK Lee, JK Lee, JM Choi, SW Friso, S Song, ES Lee, KB Lee, JP AF Tong, Seo-yun Kim, Mi Kyung Lee, Jae Kwan Lee, Jong Min Choi, Sang Woon Friso, Simonetta Song, Eun-Seop Lee, Kwang Beom Lee, Jung Pil TI Common polymorphisms in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene are associated with risks of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer in women with low serum folate and vitamin B12 SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Folate; Vitamin B12; Genetic polymorphisms; Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase; Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; Cervical cancer ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; COLORECTAL-CANCER; DNA METHYLATION; COLON-CANCER; FOLIC-ACID; IN-SITU; DYSPLASIA; HOMOCYSTEINE; MTHFR; MUTATION AB We evaluated associations between folate, vitamin B12, and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, and risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. This multicenter case-control study enrolled 927 Korean women (440 controls, 165 patients with CIN 1, 167 patients with CIN 2/3, and 155 patients with cervical cancer, aged 20-75 years). Patients with cervical cancer had significantly lower median serum folate and vitamin B12 concentrations vs. controls. Higher serum folate was significantly associated with lower cervical cancer risk (p for linear trend = 0.0058) with a trend for a lower CIN risk after multivariate adjustment. Low folate and the MTHFR 677 C > T variant were associated with a higher risk for CIN2/3 and cervical cancer vs. wild-type or heterozygous genotypes with high folate [OR, 2.39 (1.18-4.85) and 3.19 (1.43-7.13)]. Low vitamin B12 and the MTHFR 677 C > T variant also were associated with a higher risk for CIN 2/3 and cervical cancers [OR, 2.52 (1.17-5.42) and 2.40 (1-5.73)] vs. wild-type or heterozygous status with high vitamin levels. Serum folate concentration is inversely associated with the risk of cervical cancer, and the MTHFR variant genotype may increase CIN and cervical cancer risk in women with low folate or vitamin B12 status. C1 [Kim, Mi Kyung] Natl Canc Ctr, Canc Epidemiol Branch, Goyang Si 411769, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Tong, Seo-yun; Lee, Jong Min] Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, EW Neo Med Ctr, Coll Med, Seoul, South Korea. [Lee, Jae Kwan] Korea Univ, Coll Med, Seoul 136705, South Korea. [Choi, Sang Woon] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Friso, Simonetta] Univ Verona, Sch Med, I-37100 Verona, Italy. [Song, Eun-Seop] Inha Univ, Inchon, South Korea. [Lee, Kwang Beom] Gachon Univ Med & Sci, Gil Med Ctr, Inchon, South Korea. [Lee, Jung Pil] Ajou Univ, Sch Med, Suwon 441749, South Korea. RP Kim, MK (reprint author), Natl Canc Ctr, Canc Epidemiol Branch, 111 Jungbalsan Ro, Goyang Si 411769, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. EM alrud@ncc.re.kr RI Lee, JK/J-6143-2012 FU Korean government (MOST) [R01-2006-000-10621-0] FX This work was supported in part by a Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) grant funded by the Korean government (MOST) (R01-2006-000-10621-0). The authors' contributions to this work were as follows: KMK designed the study and obtained funding; ST and SHS drafted the manuscript; KMK, SWC, and SF contributed to the interpretation of the results and manuscript preparation; and JML, JKL, ESS, KBL, and JPL recruited subjects and collected the data. All authors approved the final manuscript. None of the authors report any conflict of interest. NR 45 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 BP 63 EP 72 DI 10.1007/s10552-010-9675-6 PG 10 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695HH UT WOS:000285360700007 PM 21052817 ER PT J AU Zuazo, VHD Pleguezuelo, CRR Peinado, FJM de Graaff, J Martinez, JRF Flanagan, DC AF Duran Zuazo, V. H. Rodriguez Pleguezuelo, C. R. Martin Peinado, F. J. de Graaff, J. Francia Martinez, J. R. Flanagan, D. C. TI Environmental impact of introducing plant covers in the taluses of terraces: Implications for mitigating agricultural soil erosion and runoff SO CATENA LA English DT Article DE Terraces; Erosion; Agricultural runoff; Soil organic carbon; Heavy metals; Water quality ID CONSERVATION; GROUNDWATER; PERFORMANCE; POTASSIUM; QUALITY; SYSTEMS; SPAIN AB South-eastern Spain, and in particular the coastal areas of Granada and Malaga, feature a large area under subtropical crops, with orchards established on terraces built along the slopes of the mountainous areas. The climate, characterized by periodically heavy rainfall, variable in space and time, and with the common agricultural practice of leaving the taluses with bare soil, are the main factors encouraging soil erosion, runoff, and subsequent transport of pollutants. Over a two-year period, six plant covers were applied ((Thymus mastichina (Th). Lavandula dentata (La), native spontaneous vegetation (Sv), Anthyllis cytisoides (An), Satureja obovata (Sa), Rosmarinus officinalis (Ro)] in comparison to a control of bare soil (Bs) to determine the effectiveness of the covers in reducing soil erosion, runoff, and potential pollution risk by agricultural nutrients (N, P, and K) and heavy metals. Also, carbon losses were monitored in the transported sediments by runoff and in eroded soils. For this purpose, 16 m(2) erosion plots (4 m x 4 m) were laid out in the taluses of the terraces. When the yearly data were compared, the control plot (Bs) showed significantly higher soil erosion and runoff rates (26.4 t ha(-1) yr(-1) and 55.7 mm yr(-1), respectively) than the treatments with plant covers. The plant covers studied registered the following results in runoff: Ro >Sa > An > Th approximate to La>Sv (41.7, 38.2, 35.5, 16.9, 16.1, and 12.4 mm yr-1, respectively) while annual soil erosion gave the following results: Sa>An>Ro>Th>Sv>La (18.0, 13.5, 13.4, 5.5, 4.4, and 3.2 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1), respectively). This means that Sv reduced runoff and soil-erosion rates compared to Bs by not less than 78 and 83%, respectively. Nevertheless. La and Th plots were also very effective plant covers in reducing runoff and soil erosion (71.2 and 87.8; 69.5 and 79.2%, respectively) in comparison with the Bs plot. The heaviest nutrient losses in runoff and eroded soils were found in Bs and the lowest in the La, Th, and Sv plots. Bs and Ro plots registered the highest carbon losses (829.9 and 652.1 kg ha(-1), respectively), the lowest carbon-loss rates being measured in La. Sv, and Th plots (145.2, 140.3, and 109.3 kg ha(-1), respectively). The results indicate that heavy metals (Mn, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu. Zn, Mo, Cd, and Pb) in these types of agroecosystems may also be a potential pollutant due to transport by agricultural runoff. There was a major reduction of heavy-metal transport by plant covers in relation to the control of bare soil. The results of this research support the recommendation of using plant covers with multiple purposes (aromatic-medicinal-culinary) on the taluses of subtropical-crop terraces in order to reduce erosion and pollution risk. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Duran Zuazo, V. H.] IFAPA Ctr Las Torres Tomejil, Alcala Del Rio 41200, Sevilla, Spain. [Rodriguez Pleguezuelo, C. R.; Francia Martinez, J. R.] IFAPA Ctr Camino de Purchil, Granada 18080, Spain. [Martin Peinado, F. J.] Univ Granada, Dpto Edafol & Quim Agr, E-18071 Granada, Spain. [de Graaff, J.] Wageningen Univ, Land Degradat & Dev Grp, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. [Flanagan, D. C.] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Zuazo, VHD (reprint author), IFAPA Ctr Las Torres Tomejil, Crtra Sevilla Cazalla,Km 12-2, Alcala Del Rio 41200, Sevilla, Spain. EM victorh.duran@juntadeandalucia.es RI Francia Martinez, Jose Ramon/H-7663-2015; OI Francia Martinez, Jose Ramon/0000-0003-0251-1501; Martin Peinado, Francisco Jose/0000-0002-1389-5531 FU INIA, Spain [RTA05-00008-00-00]; European Union FX The research work that led to this publication was sponsored by the following research project "Environmental Impact of Farming Subtropical Species on Steeply Sloping Lands. Integrated Measures for the Sustainable Agriculture" (RTA05-00008-00-00), granted by INIA, Spain and cofinanced by FEDER funds (European Union). NR 64 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 7 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0341-8162 EI 1872-6887 J9 CATENA JI Catena PD JAN PY 2011 VL 84 IS 1-2 BP 79 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.catena.2010.10.004 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Geology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 707RO UT WOS:000286303900010 ER PT S AU Li, CJ AF Li, Congjun BE Banfalvi, G TI Specific Cell Cycle Synchronization with Butyrate and Cell Cycle Analysis SO CELL CYCLE SYNCHRONIZATION: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Bovine kidney epithelial cell; BrdU incorporation; butyrate; cell cycle synchronization; flow cytometry ID DNA-REPLICATION; INITIATION; SITES AB Synchronized cells have been invaluable in many kinds of cell cycle and cell proliferation studies. Butyrate induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in Madin Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) cells. We explore the possibility of using butyrate-blocked cells to obtain synchronized cells and we characterize the properties of butyrate-induced cell cycle arrest. The site of growth inhibition and cell cycle arrest was analyzed using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and flow cytometry analyses. Exposure of MDBK cells to 10 mM butyrate caused growth inhibition and cell cycle arrest in a reversible manner. Butyrate affected the cell cycle at a specific point both immediately after mitosis and at a very early stage of the G1 phase. After release from butyrate arrest, MDBK cells underwent synchronous cycles of DNA synthesis and transited through the S phase. It takes at least 8 h for butyrate-induced G1-synchronized cells to begin the progression into the S phase. One cycle of cell division for MDBK cells is about 20 h. By combining BrdU incorporation and DNA content analysis, not only can the overlapping of different cell populations be eliminated, but the frequency and nature of individual cells that have synthesized DNA can also be determined. C1 ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Li, CJ (reprint author), ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-61779-181-9 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2011 VL 761 BP 125 EP 136 DI 10.1007/978-1-61779-182-6_8 D2 10.1007/978-1-61779-182-6 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA BWE73 UT WOS:000293772400008 PM 21755445 ER PT J AU Guttieri, MJ Souza, EJ Sneller, C AF Guttieri, Mary J. Souza, Edward J. Sneller, Clay TI Laboratory Milling Method for Whole Grain Soft Wheat Flour Evaluation SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BRAN PARTICLE-SIZE; QUALITY; BREAD; PHYTOCHEMICALS; PERFORMANCE; HEALTH AB Whole grain wheat products are a growing portion of the foods marketed in North America, yet few standard methods exist to evaluate whole grain wheat flour. This study evaluated two flour milling systems to produce whole grain soft wheat flour for a wire-cut cookie, a standard soft wheat product. A short-flow experimental milling system combined with bran grinding in a Quadro Comil produced a whole grain soft wheat flour that made larger diameter wire-cut cookies than whole grain flour from a long-flow experimental milling system. Average cookie diameter of samples milled on the short-flow mill was greater than samples milled on the long-flow system by 1 cm/two cookies (standard error 0.09 cm). The long-flow milling system resulted in more starch damage in the flour milling than did the short-flow system. The short-flow milling system produced flours that were useful for discriminating among wheat cultivars and is an accessible tool for evaluating whole grain soft wheat quality. C1 [Guttieri, Mary J.; Sneller, Clay] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Souza, Edward J.] ARS, USDA, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Souza, EJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM Edward.Souza@ars.usda.gov FU Kraft Foods North America; United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service; Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center FX This research was supported by Kraft Foods North America and the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, and The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center. We acknowledge the technical assistance of Amy Bugaj, USDA-ARS. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 18 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 88 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-02-10-0017 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 727EZ UT WOS:000287781700001 ER PT J AU Kweon, M Slade, L Levine, H AF Kweon, Meera Slade, Louise Levine, Harry TI Development of a Benchtop Baking Method for Chemically Leavened Crackers. I. Identification of a Diagnostic Formula and Procedure SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CREAM CRACKERS; BISCUIT MANUFACTURE; SALTINE CRACKERS; TECHNOLOGY AB A benchtop baking method has been developed to predict the contribution of gluten functionality to overall flour performance for chemically leavened crackers. To identify a diagnostic cracker formula, the effects of leavening system (sodium bicarbonate, monocalcium phosphate, and ammonium bicarbonate), sugar concentration (%S), and total solvent (TS) on cracker-baking performance were explored. From preliminary experiments to establish a production procedure, 10 min of dough-mixing time, a cord-weave baking mesh, and a 500 degrees F oven temperature were selected. For the leavening system, increasing ammonium bicarbonate (ABC) level at constant sodium bicarbonate (soda) and monocalcium phosphate (MCP) levels resulted in increased cracker height. For the diagnostic formula, 1.25 g of soda, 1.25 g of MCP, and 1.25 g of ABC were selected, based on 100 g of flour. As the sugar concentration in the cracker formula, at constant total solvent (38 TS), decreased to <20%, the resulting cracker dough became softer, and the baked cracker exhibited an increased blistering tendency because of a too-high formula water level. In contrast, a cracker dough formulated with >40% sugar concentration was too crumbly to handle and sheet. As the total solvent in the cracker formula increased at constant sugar concentration (approximate to 23.7%S), the resulting dough became softer. A dough with 34 TS was too crumbly to handle, while doughs with 42 and 46 TS were too soft to handle and resulted in blistering. Therefore, 38 TS and 23.7%S were identified for the diagnostic formula. Crackers baked with a hard wheat flour, a soft wheat flour, and blends validated the utility of the developed method. C1 [Kweon, Meera] USDA ARS, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Slade, Louise; Levine, Harry] Food Polymer Sci Consultancy, Morris Plains, NJ USA. RP Kweon, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM kweon.11@osu.edu NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 12 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 88 IS 1 BP 19 EP 24 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-08-10-0110 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 727EZ UT WOS:000287781700004 ER PT J AU Kweon, M Slade, L Levine, H AF Kweon, Meera Slade, Louise Levine, Harry TI Development of a Benchtop Baking Method for Chemically Leavened Crackers II. Validation of the Method SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SOLVENT RETENTION CAPACITY; SUGAR-SNAP; QUALITY; FERMENTATION; RHEOLOGY AB A benchtop baking method has been developed to predict the contribution of gluten functionality to overall flour performance for chemically leavened crackers. Using a diagnostic formula and procedure, dough rheology was analyzed to evaluate the extent of gluten development during mixing and machining. The effects of enzymes on cracker-baking performance were explored to assess the impact of damaged starch and pentosans (arabinoxylans). Validation of the method for predicting gluten functionality and performance was conducted using various flours. Cracker dough rheology, measured in the direction of sheeting, showed a positive correlation with the ratio of cracker height to dough weight, but a negative correlation with the ratio of cracker width to length. Use of alpha-amylase and xylanase demonstrated the improving effects of enzymes on cracker-baking performance of flour resulting from decreased dough crumbliness and increased cracker height. Flour gluten performance ratio of lactic acid solvent retention capacity (LA SRC)/(sodium carbonate [SC] SRC + sucrose Sue.] SRC) (SRC LA/[SC+Suc]) was a better predictor of cracker geometry than was flour gluten functionality value of LA SRC alone. Flours with a gluten performance ratio of <0.52 produced unacceptable, excessive blistering during cracker baking. C1 [Kweon, Meera] ARS, USDA, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH USA. [Slade, Louise; Levine, Harry] Food Polymer Sci Consultancy, Morris Plains, NJ USA. RP Kweon, M (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH USA. EM kweon.11@osu.edu NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 88 IS 1 BP 25 EP 30 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-10-10-0152 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 727EZ UT WOS:000287781700005 ER PT S AU Tunick, MH AF Tunick, Michael H. BE Sikorski, ZE Kolakowska, A TI Milk Lipids SO CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, AND FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS OF FOOD LIPIDS, 2ND EDITION SE Chemical and Functional Properties of Food Components Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FAT GLOBULE-MEMBRANE; CONJUGATED LINOLEIC-ACID; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; BOVINE-MILK; BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES; CHEESE; OIL; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; CHOLESTEROL; PERSPECTIVE C1 ARS, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Tunick, MH (reprint author), ARS, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA SN 1555-5127 BN 978-1-4398-0238-0; 978-1-4398-0237-3 J9 CHEM FUNCT PROP FOOD PY 2011 BP 313 EP 325 PG 13 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BC9MS UT WOS:000356623700017 ER PT J AU Bohbot, JD Dickens, JC AF Bohbot, Jonathan D. Dickens, Joseph C. TI Molecular mode of action of insect repellents SO CHEMICAL SENSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 20th Congress of European Chemoreception Research Organization (ECRO-2010) CY SEP 14-19, 2010 CL Avignon, FRANCE SP European Chemoreception Res Org C1 [Bohbot, Jonathan D.; Dickens, Joseph C.] USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM joseph.dickens@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0379-864X J9 CHEM SENSES JI Chem. Senses PD JAN PY 2011 VL 36 IS 1 BP E66 EP E66 PG 1 WC Behavioral Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Neurosciences; Physiology SC Behavioral Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 696AS UT WOS:000285414900177 ER PT J AU Grant, AJ Dickens, JC AF Grant, Alan J. Dickens, Joseph C. TI Octenol receptor of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti: comparison of activity of agonists and antagonists in heterologous expression and in vivo studies SO CHEMICAL SENSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 20th Congress of European Chemoreception Research Organization (ECRO-2010) CY SEP 14-19, 2010 CL Avignon, FRANCE SP European Chemoreception Res Org C1 [Grant, Alan J.; Dickens, Joseph C.] USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM joseph.dickens@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0379-864X J9 CHEM SENSES JI Chem. Senses PD JAN PY 2011 VL 36 IS 1 BP E66 EP E66 PG 1 WC Behavioral Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Neurosciences; Physiology SC Behavioral Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 696AS UT WOS:000285414900178 ER PT J AU Moon, RJ Martini, A Nairn, J Simonsen, J Youngblood, J AF Moon, Robert J. Martini, Ashlie Nairn, John Simonsen, John Youngblood, Jeff TI Cellulose nanomaterials review: structure, properties and nanocomposites SO CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; I-BETA CELLULOSE; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; OPTICALLY TRANSPARENT COMPOSITES; TEMPO-MEDIATED OXIDATION; BIOPOLYMER BASED NANOCOMPOSITES; HIGH-INTENSITY ULTRASONICATION; CURRENT INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH; DIFFERENT POLYMERIC ADDITIVES AB This critical review provides a processing-structure-property perspective on recent advances in cellulose nanoparticles and composites produced from them. It summarizes cellulose nanoparticles in terms of particle morphology, crystal structure, and properties. Also described are the self-assembly and rheological properties of cellulose nanoparticle suspensions. The methodology of composite processing and resulting properties are fully covered, with an emphasis on neat and high fraction cellulose composites. Additionally, advances in predictive modeling from molecular dynamic simulations of crystalline cellulose to the continuum modeling of composites made with such particles are reviewed (392 references). C1 [Moon, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Moon, Robert J.] Purdue Univ, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Moon, Robert J.; Youngblood, Jeff] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Martini, Ashlie] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Simonsen, John] Oregon State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Engn, Mat Sci Program, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Simonsen, John] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forestry, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Youngblood, Jeff] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Prod, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Youngblood, Jeff] Oregon State Univ, Mat Inst, ONAMI, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Moon, RJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM robertmoon@fs.fed.us; jpyoungb@purdue.edu RI Martini, Ashlie/F-9320-2012 OI Martini, Ashlie/0000-0003-2017-6081 FU U.S. Forest Service-forest products laboratory (FPL) FX This work was funded by the U.S. Forest Service-forest products laboratory (FPL). The authors thank Tom Kuster of FPL for providing the SEM images used in Fig. 9a and b. We also gratefully acknowledge Dr Orlando Rojas (North Carolina State University), Dr Chris Hunt (FPL), and Dr Greg Schueneman (FPL), for critical reading of the document. NR 387 TC 1048 Z9 1073 U1 120 U2 747 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0306-0012 EI 1460-4744 J9 CHEM SOC REV JI Chem. Soc. Rev. PY 2011 VL 40 IS 7 BP 3941 EP 3994 DI 10.1039/c0cs00108b PG 54 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 779UL UT WOS:000291807600034 PM 21566801 ER PT J AU Hansen, J Tuan, F Somwaru, A AF Hansen, Jim Tuan, Francis Somwaru, Agapi TI Do China's agricultural policies matter for world commodity markets? SO CHINA AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIC REVIEW LA English DT Article DE China; Value added tax; Exports; Commodity markets; International economics; Economic equilibrium ID DOMESTIC SUPPORT AB Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to quantify the implications of China's recently adopted agricultural policies on domestic and international commodity markets. Design/methodology/approach - A systematic, quantitative analysis is applied to address whether China's recent trade and production policies distort China's domestic and international commodity markets. The paper provides a clear picture of how trade-restricting policies affect markets using a 42-country partial equilibrium global dynamic agricultural simulation model. Findings - The paper shows that recent agricultural policy reforms increase China's production slightly, causing imports to decrease while exports decline because of input subsidies, export taxes and the reduction of export value added tax rebates. Domestic prices to consumers decrease in real terms. The effects on world markets are small as the set of policies adopted partially offset each other in the international arena. Research limitations/implications - The paper indicates that the adoption of the policy reforms lower price levels domestically and benefit lower income urban and rural households, whose diets are largely based on rice and wheat as staple foods. Future model enhancements should include measures of producer and consumer welfare in order to capture the total impacts of policies and policy changes in China. Originality/value - The paper quantifies the potential implications of the recent agricultural policy reforms in China. This contributes to the investigation of the effects of these policies implemented by the Chinese Government to achieve the country's policy objectives. Owing to the dynamics of China's policy implementation an in-depth analysis sheds light and contributes to capturing the impacts of policy reforms on the domestic and international markets. C1 [Hansen, Jim; Tuan, Francis; Somwaru, Agapi] ERS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Hansen, J (reprint author), ERS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. EM jhansen@ers.usda.gov NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 28 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LIMITED PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1756-137X J9 CHINA AGR ECON REV JI China Agric. Econ. Rev. PY 2011 VL 3 IS 1 BP 6 EP 25 DI 10.1108/17561371111103516 PG 20 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 735JI UT WOS:000288409900002 ER PT J AU Durgan, DJ Tsai, JY Grenett, MH Pat, BM Ratcliffe, WF Villegas-Montoya, C Garvey, ME Nagendran, J Dyck, JRB Bray, MS Gamble, KL Gimble, JM Young, ME AF Durgan, David J. Tsai, Ju-Yun Grenett, Maximiliano H. Pat, Betty M. Ratcliffe, William F. Villegas-Montoya, Carolina Garvey, Merissa E. Nagendran, Jeevan Dyck, Jason R. B. Bray, Molly S. Gamble, Karen L. Gimble, Jeffrey M. Young, Martin E. TI Evidence Suggesting that the Cardiomyocyte Circadian Clock Modulates Responsiveness of the Heart to Hypertrophic Stimuli in Mice SO CHRONOBIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Aging; Cardiac hypertrophy; Circadian clocks; Heart; Shiftwork; Cardiomyocyte ID SLEEP-APNEA SYNDROME; HIGH-FAT DIET; GENE-EXPRESSION; BLOOD-PRESSURE; CARDIAC-HYPERTROPHY; PERIPHERAL-TISSUES; MUTANT MICE; IN-VIVO; DISEASE; HYPERTENSION AB Circadian dyssynchrony of an organism (at the whole-body level) with its environment, either through light-dark (LD) cycle or genetic manipulation of clock genes, augments various cardiometabolic diseases. The cardiomyocyte circadian clock has recently been shown to influence multiple myocardial processes, ranging from transcriptional regulation and energy metabolism to contractile function. The authors, therefore, reasoned that chronic dyssychrony of the cardiomyocyte circadian clock with its environment would precipitate myocardial maladaptation to a circadian challenge (simulated shiftwork; SSW). To test this hypothesis, 2- and 20-month-old wild-type and CCM (Cardiomyocyte Clock Mutant; a model with genetic temporal suspension of the cardiomyocyte circadian clock at the active-to-sleep phase transition) mice were subjected to chronic (16-wks) biweekly 12-h phase shifts in the LD cycle (i.e., SSW). Assessment of adaptation/maladaptation at whole-body homeostatic, gravimetric, humoral, histological, transcriptional, and cardiac contractile function levels revealed essentially identical responses between wild-type and CCM littermates. However, CCM hearts exhibited increased biventricular weight, cardiomyocyte size, and molecular markers of hypertrophy (anf, mcip1), independent of aging and/or SSW. Similarly, a second genetic model of selective temporal suspension of the cardiomyocyte circadian clock (Cardiomyocyte-specific BMAL1 Knockout [CBK] mice) exhibits increased biventricular weight and mcip1 expression. Wild-type mice exhibit 5-fold greater cardiac hypertrophic growth (and 6-fold greater anf mRNA induction) when challenged with the hypertrophic agonist isoproterenol at the active-to-sleep phase transition, relative to isoproterenol administration at the sleep-to-active phase transition. This diurnal variation was absent in CCM mice. Collectively, these data suggest that the cardiomyocyte circadian clock likely influences responsiveness of the heart to hypertrophic stimuli. (Author correspondence: meyoung@uab.edu) C1 [Durgan, David J.; Grenett, Maximiliano H.; Pat, Betty M.; Ratcliffe, William F.; Young, Martin E.] Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Cardiovasc Dis, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Durgan, David J.; Tsai, Ju-Yun; Villegas-Montoya, Carolina; Garvey, Merissa E.; Young, Martin E.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX USA. [Nagendran, Jeevan; Dyck, Jason R. B.] Univ Alberta, Dept Pediat, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Fac Med & Dent, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Bray, Molly S.] Univ Alabama, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Gamble, Karen L.] Univ Alabama, Div Behav Neurobiol, Dept Psychiat, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Gimble, Jeffrey M.] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. RP Young, ME (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Cardiovasc Dis, 703 19th St S,ZRB 308, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM meyoung@uab.edu RI Gamble, Karen/A-1753-2010; OI Gamble, Karen/0000-0003-3813-8577 FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HL-074259]; Pennington Biomedical Research Foundation; Baylor College of Medicine; NSF DRTC [P30DK56336, P30NS057098, P60DK079626] FX This work was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL-074259 [M.E.Y.]) and support from the Pennington Biomedical Research Foundation (J.M.G.). Ju-Yun Tsai was supported by the DeBakey Heart Fund at Baylor College of Medicine. David J. Durgan was supported by the NSF GK-12 Fellowship. We wish to acknowledge the DRTC-funded (P30DK56336, P30NS057098, P60DK079626) Small Animal Physiology Core at UAB (Dr. Timothy Nagy, Director) for help with the MRI analysis. We also wish to thank Dr. Michael Schneider for providing MHC alpha-CRE mice. NR 64 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 4 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0742-0528 J9 CHRONOBIOL INT JI Chronobiol. Int. PY 2011 VL 28 IS 3 BP 187 EP 203 DI 10.3109/07420528.2010.550406 PG 17 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA 743ER UT WOS:000289000900002 PM 21452915 ER PT J AU Corbalan-Tutau, MD Madrid, JA Ordovas, JM Smith, CE Nicolas, F Garaulet, M AF Corbalan-Tutau, M. D. Madrid, J. A. Ordovas, J. M. Smith, C. E. Nicolas, F. Garaulet, M. TI Differences in Daily Rhythms of Wrist Temperature Between Obese and Normal-Weight Women: Associations With Metabolic Syndrome Features SO CHRONOBIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Abdominal obesity; Circadian; Core temperature circadian rhythm; Cortisol; Melatonin; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity; Skin temperature ID SAGITTAL ABDOMINAL DIAMETER; REST-ACTIVITY RHYTHMS; CIRCADIAN-RHYTHM; CUTANEOUS TEMPERATURE; BODY-TEMPERATURE; SLEEP PROPENSITY; SKIN TEMPERATURE; HUMAN-BEINGS; MELATONIN; MARKER AB The circadian rhythm of core body temperature is associated with widespread physiological effects. However, studies with other more practical temperature measures, such as wrist (WT) and proximal temperatures, are still scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate whether obesity is associated with differences in mean WT values or in its daily rhythmicity patterns. Daily patterns of cortisol, melatonin, and different metabolic syndrome (MetS) features were also analyzed in an attempt to clarify the potential association between chronodisruption and MetS. The study was conducted on 20 normal-weight women (age: 38 +/- 11 yrs and BMI: 22 +/- 2.6 kg/m(2)) and 50 obese women (age: 42 +/- 10 yrs and BMI: 33.5 +/- 3.2 kg/m(2)) (mean +/- SEM). Skin temperature was measured over a 3-day period every 10 min with the "Thermochron iButton." Rhythmic parameters were obtained using an integrated package for time-series analysis, "Circadianware." Obese women displayed significantly lower mean WT (34.1 degrees C +/- 0.3 degrees C) with a more flattened 24-h pattern, a lower-quality rhythm, and a higher intraday variability (IV). Particularly interesting were the marked differences between obese and normal-weight women in the secondary WT peak in the postprandial period (second-harmonic power [P2]), considered as a marker of chronodisruption and of metabolic alterations. WT rhythmicity characteristics were related to MetS features, obesity-related proteins, and circadian markers, such as melatonin. In summary, obese women displayed a lower-quality WT daily rhythm with a more flattened pattern (particularly in the postprandial period) and increased IV, which suggests a greater fragmentation of the rest/activity rhythm compared to normal-weight women. These 24-h changes were associated with higher MetS risk. (Author correspondence: garaulet@um.es) C1 [Corbalan-Tutau, M. D.; Madrid, J. A.; Garaulet, M.] Univ Murcia, Dept Physiol, Fac Biol, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. [Ordovas, J. M.; Smith, C. E.; Garaulet, M.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ordovas, J. M.] CNIC, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Genet, Madrid, Spain. [Nicolas, F.] Arrixaca Hosp, Dept Nucl Med, Murcia, Spain. RP Garaulet, M (reprint author), Univ Murcia, Dept Physiol, Fac Biol, Campus Espinardo S-N, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. EM garaulet@um.es FU Government of Education, Science and Research of Murcia [BIO/FFA 07/01-0004]; Spanish Department of Science and Innovation, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [AGL2008-01655/ALI, HL-54776]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [DK075030]; US Department of Agriculture [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001] FX This work was supported by the Government of Education, Science and Research of Murcia (Project BIO/FFA 07/01-0004) and the Spanish Department of Science and Innovation (project AGL2008-01655/ALI) National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute grant HL-54776, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases grant DK075030, and contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001 from the US Department of Agriculture. Teresa Hernandez and Ana Espallardo are acknowledged for their previous work in the initial part of this study. NR 63 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 8 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0742-0528 J9 CHRONOBIOL INT JI Chronobiol. Int. PY 2011 VL 28 IS 5 BP 425 EP 433 DI 10.3109/07420528.2011.574766 PG 9 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA 786OW UT WOS:000292318800006 PM 21721858 ER PT J AU Bannantine, JP Paulson, AL Chacon, O Fenton, RJ Zinniel, DK McVey, DS Smith, DR Czuprynski, CJ Barletta, RG AF Bannantine, John P. Paulson, Avery L. Chacon, Ofelia Fenton, Robert J. Zinniel, Denise K. McVey, David S. Smith, David R. Czuprynski, Charles J. Barletta, Raul G. TI Immunogenicity and Reactivity of Novel Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis PPE MAP1152 and Conserved MAP1156 Proteins with Sera from Experimentally and Naturally Infected Animals SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; JOHNES-DISEASE; CROHNS-DISEASE; BOVINE-PARATUBERCULOSIS; UNITED-STATES; FECAL CULTURE; DAIRY FARMS; TUBERCULOSIS; PE; ANTIGENS AB Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis causes Johne's disease (JD) in ruminants. Development of genetic tools and completion of the M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis genome sequencing project have expanded the opportunities for antigen discovery. In this study, we determined the seroreactivities of two proteins encoded at the 5' and 3' regions of the MAP1152-MAP1156 gene cluster. MAP1152 encodes a PPE protein, and MAP1156 encodes a diacylglycerol acyltransferase involved in triglyceride metabolism and classified in the uncharacterized protein family UPF0089. Recombinant MAP proteins were overproduced and purified from Escherichia coli as maltose-binding protein (MBP) fusions. Immunoblotting analysis indicated that both MAP1152 and MAP1156 displayed reactivity against sera of mice and rabbits immunized with live M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis cells and against samples from naturally infected cattle. In immunoblot assays, MAP1156 yielded a stronger positive signal than MAP1152 against sera from cattle with JD. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the recombinant proteins was developed and used to test preclassified positive and negative serum samples from naturally infected and noninfected cattle. Samples, with one exception, displayed no seroreactivity against the MBP-LacZ fusion protein (P > 0.05), the negative-control antigen. MAP1152 displayed seroreactivity against all positive sera but no seroreactivity to the negative sera (P < 0.01). MAP1156 displayed stronger and more variable reactivity than MAP1152, but significant differences were observed between noninfected and infected cattle (P < 0.05). Otherwise, degrees of reactivity followed the same trend as the positive reference antigen. In conclusion, both proteins are immunogenic in mice and rabbits, and M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected cattle mount a humoral response to both MAP1152 and MAP1156 cross-reactive epitopes. These findings have potential applications to diagnostics, vaccine production, and elucidation of the immunopathogenesis of JD. C1 [Paulson, Avery L.; Chacon, Ofelia; Fenton, Robert J.; Zinniel, Denise K.; McVey, David S.; Smith, David R.; Barletta, Raul G.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Bannantine, John P.] ARS, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Czuprynski, Charles J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Sch Vet Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Barletta, RG (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Vet Med & Biomed Sci, 211 Vet Med & Biomed Sci Hall,Fair & E Campus Loo, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM rbarletta@unl.edu OI Bannantine, John/0000-0002-5692-7898 FU Johne's Disease Integrated Program; USDA-ARS; USDA [CSREES-NRI 2004-35204-14231, NEB14-141]; BARD [IS-3673-05C]; Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences at the University of Nebraska FX This work was supported by funds from the Johne's Disease Integrated Program (J.P.B. and R.G.B.) and USDA-ARS (J.P.B.), USDA grant CSREES-NRI 2004-35204-14231 (R.G.B. and C.J.C.), the BARD program grant IS-3673-05C (R.G.B.), USDA Animal Health Project NEB14-141 (R.G.B.), and the Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences at the University of Nebraska (D.R.S., D.S.M., and R.G.B.). NR 62 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 18 IS 1 BP 105 EP 112 DI 10.1128/CVI.00297-10 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 702BK UT WOS:000285869400011 PM 21084462 ER PT J AU Foroughi, N Smith, RM Lange, AK Singh, MAF Vanwanseele, B AF Foroughi, Nasim Smith, Richard M. Lange, Angela K. Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone Vanwanseele, Benedicte TI Progressive resistance training and dynamic alignment in osteoarthritis: A single-blind randomised controlled trial SO CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Osteoarthritis; Strength training; Dynamic alignment; Shank adduction angle ID KNEE ADDUCTION MOMENT; QUADRICEPS STRENGTH; DISEASE PROGRESSION; STATIC ALIGNMENT; CARTILAGE VOLUME; MUSCLE FORCES; OLDER-ADULTS; PAIN; LOAD; GAIT AB Background: We hypothesised that high intensity progressive resistance training would improve lower limb dynamic alignment and function (lower knee adduction moment, increased muscle strength, and fewer knee osteoarthritis symptoms). Methods: Women (n = 54) with osteoarthritis in at least one knee were randomised into a 6-month resistance training or a sham-exercise program. The primary outcomes were dynamic shank and knee adduction angles and knee adduction moment of the most symptomatic knee measured with quantitative gait analysis. Secondary outcomes were muscle strength, gait speed, and osteoarthritis symptoms. Findings: Dynamic alignment and knee adduction moment did not change over time or between groups. Muscle strength improved in both groups over time, but significantly more in the resistance training group (P = 0.002). By contrast, gait velocity and pain improved over time (P <= 0.009) in both groups. Improvements in shank adduction angle were related to improvements in self-reported disability (r = 0.381, P = 0.015), but not to changes in muscle strength, gait velocity, or pain (all P > 0.05). Interpretations: Although muscle strength improved significantly more in the PRT group, the hypothesised reduction in knee adduction moment, shank and knee adduction angles were not evident after either exercise modality. However, improvements in disability and shank adduction angle were significantly directly related. Initial alignment should be used to stratify this population into separate groups when designing future trials and alternative modes of training investigated to potentially enhance beneficial alterations in knee alignment. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Foroughi, Nasim; Smith, Richard M.; Lange, Angela K.; Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone; Vanwanseele, Benedicte] Univ Sydney, Fac Hlth Sci, Discipline Exercise Hlth & Performance, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Tufts Univ, Hebrew SeniorLife & Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Ct, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Foroughi, N (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Fac Hlth Sci, Exercise Hlth & Performance Fac Res Grp, 75 East St, Lidcombe, NSW 1825, Australia. EM nasim.foroughi@sydney.edu.au RI Smith, Richard/F-6281-2013 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0003-1098-3613 FU University of Sydney [S4201 U3301] FX Grant support: University of Sydney: Cumberland Grant - Category B, January 2005; R & D Grant (S4201 U3301), January 2006. NR 51 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0268-0033 J9 CLIN BIOMECH JI Clin. Biomech. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 26 IS 1 BP 71 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2010.08.013 PG 7 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Engineering; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 718GZ UT WOS:000287110400011 PM 20869141 ER PT J AU RayWaters, W Palmer, MV Thacker, TC Davis, WC Sreevatsan, S Coussens, P Meade, KG Hope, JC Estes, DM AF RayWaters, W. Palmer, Mitchell V. Thacker, Tyler C. Davis, William C. Sreevatsan, Srinand Coussens, Paul Meade, Kieran G. Hope, Jayne C. Estes, D. Mark TI Tuberculosis Immunity: Opportunities from Studies with Cattle SO CLINICAL & DEVELOPMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID MYCOBACTERIUM-BOVIS BCG; DELTA T-CELLS; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; CYTOKINE GENE-EXPRESSION; BACILLE CALMETTE-GUERIN; INFECTED CATTLE; GAMMA-INTERFERON; IN-VITRO AB Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. bovis share >99% genetic identity and induce similar host responses and disease profiles upon infection. There is a rich history of codiscovery in the development of control measures applicable to both human and bovine tuberculosis (TB) including skin-testing procedures, M. bovis BCG vaccination, and interferon-gamma release assays. The calf TB infection model offers several opportunities to further our understanding of TB immunopathogenesis. Recent observations include correlation of central memory immune responses with TB vaccine efficacy, association of SIRP alpha(+) cells in ESAT-6:CFP10-elicited multinucleate giant cell formation, early gamma delta T cell responses to TB, antimycobacterial activity of memory CD4(+) T cells via granulysin production, association of specific antibody with antigen burden, and suppression of innate immune gene expression in infected animals. Partnerships teaming researchers with veterinary and medical perspectives will continue to provide mutual benefit to TB research in man and animals. C1 [RayWaters, W.; Palmer, Mitchell V.; Thacker, Tyler C.] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Davis, William C.] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Sreevatsan, Srinand] Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet Populat Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Sreevatsan, Srinand] Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet Biomed Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Coussens, Paul] Michigan State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Meade, Kieran G.] BT55&GE Co, Anim Biosci Ctr, TEAGASC, Grange, Meath, Ireland. [Hope, Jayne C.] Inst Anim Hlth, Livestock Dis Programme, Compton RG20 7NN, England. [Estes, D. Mark] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. RP RayWaters, W (reprint author), ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM ray.waters@ars.usda.gov RI Hope, Jayne/C-7752-2013; Meade, Kieran/K-7562-2015; Institute, Pirbright/K-4476-2014; OI Hope, Jayne/0000-0001-6573-6172; Sreevatsan, Srinand/0000-0002-5162-2403; Thacker, Tyler/0000-0001-6779-7649 NR 120 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1740-2522 EI 1740-2530 J9 CLIN DEV IMMUNOL JI Clin. Dev. Immunol. PY 2011 AR 768542 DI 10.1155/2011/768542 PG 11 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 706XD UT WOS:000286250200001 ER PT J AU Lipsky, RS Ryan, CM AF Lipsky, Rachel S. Ryan, Clare M. TI Nearshore Restoration in Puget Sound: Understanding Stakeholder Values and Potential Coalitions SO COASTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE advocacy coalition framework; coastal restoration; restoration planning; stakeholder coalitions; stakeholder involvement ID ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; PARTICIPATION; FRAMEWORK; SCIENCE; HEALTH; POLICY AB Restoration of nearshore ecosystems presents many challenges for stakeholder involvement. Using surveys and interviews we examined stakeholder values, preferences, and potential coalitions surrounding nearshore restoration in the Whidbey sub-basin of Puget Sound. Most stakeholders in our study believe that Puget Sound nearshore problems are severe and urgent, and that it is worth investing in restoration. They do not agree on the causes of nearshore degradation, yet support stronger regulatory enforcement and increased public ownership as possible solutions to nearshore problems. Five potential stakeholder coalitions were identified based on shared values. These values reflect a varied spectrum of support for public sector solutions to nearshore problems and were labeled: No Government Intervention, Property Rights, Private Land Stewardship, Protect Undeveloped Areas, and Large Scale Restoration. The potential coalitions identified confirm the Advocacy Coalition Framework hypothesis that coalition members who share values do not necessarily share stakeholder demographics or preferences. This study demonstrates one method for understanding local stakeholders, and will help managers direct project resources, planning, and management, through reliance on both stakeholder and scientific input. In addition, managers can use information about stakeholder values and potential coalitions to more effectively frame communication products and stakeholder involvement activities. C1 [Ryan, Clare M.] Univ Washington, Sch Forest Resources, Coll Environm, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Lipsky, Rachel S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Wenatchee, WA USA. RP Ryan, CM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Forest Resources, Coll Environm, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM cm-ryan@uw.edu OI Ryan, Clare/0000-0003-0986-6110 FU Puget Sound Nearshore Ecosystem Restoration Project (PSNERP) FX We thank the participants in our study for participating in the interviews and providing their insights on nearshore restoration. We also thank the anonymous reviewers who provided valuable comments that improved the article. The Puget Sound Nearshore Ecosystem Restoration Project (PSNERP) provided partial funding for the study. The views expressed here are those of the authors alone. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0892-0753 J9 COAST MANAGE JI Coast. Manage. PY 2011 VL 39 IS 6 BP 577 EP 597 DI 10.1080/08920753.2011.600241 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 890RK UT WOS:000300162200001 ER PT J AU Bortolon, L Gianello, C Kovar, JL AF Bortolon, Leandro Gianello, Clesio Kovar, John L. TI Phosphorus Availability to Corn and Soybean Evaluated by Three Soil-Test Methods for Southern Brazilian Soils SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Phosphorus; soil fertility; testing methodology ID NO-TILLAGE; EXTRACTANTS; MEHLICH-1 AB To select and evaluate the effectiveness of multi-element soil-test methods for extracting plant-available phosphorus (P), correlation studies are needed. Under natural conditions, corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] were sequentially cultivated in 9-L microplots for 45 days to determine the amount of P that would be absorbed from 49 diverse soils of Rio Grande do Sul State in southern Brazil. Before planting, soil P was extracted with Mehlich 1 solution, Mehlich 3 solution, and ion- exchange resin. The abilities of Mehlich 1, Mehlich 3, and resin to extract plant-available P were then compared. The coefficients of determination obtained between plant P and the amounts extracted by Mehlich 1, Mehlich 3, and resin were 0.59, 0.45, and 0.59, respectively, for corn and 0.57, 0.57, and 0.52 for soybean. Soil P extracted by the three methods was highly correlated; however, the amount of P extracted by the methods was affected by the clay content of the soils. As the clay content increased, the amount of P extracted by the resin also increased, whereas P extracted by the Mehlich 3 solution decreased. Because soil clay content influences extractable P values, soil clay classes are needed to properly calibrate soil P status and fertilizer recommendations for corn and soybean grown on these soils. C1 [Bortolon, Leandro; Gianello, Clesio] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Kovar, John L.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA USA. RP Bortolon, L (reprint author), Avenida Bento Goncalves,7712 Agron, BR-91540000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. EM leandro.bortolon@ufrgs.br OI Bortolon, Leandro/0000-0002-4460-2447 NR 25 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2011 VL 42 IS 1 BP 39 EP 49 AR PII 931123288 DI 10.1080/00103624.2011.528488 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 695BY UT WOS:000285346800004 ER PT J AU Ahmad, HR Ghafoor, A Corwin, DL Aziz, MA Saifullah Sabir, M AF Ahmad, H. R. Ghafoor, A. Corwin, D. L. Aziz, M. A. Saifullah Sabir, M. TI Organic and Inorganic Amendments Affect Soil Concentration and Accumulation of Cadmium and Lead in Wheat in Calcareous Alkaline Soils SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Amendments; cadmium; calcareous alkaline soils; lead; wheat ID CONTAMINATED SOILS; POLLUTED SOILS; HEAVY-METALS; PLANTS; IMMOBILIZATION; REMEDIATION; PHYTOAVAILABILITY; EXTRACTABILITY; SPECIATION; ZINC AB Irrigation with untreated effluent in periurban agriculture could result in accumulation and bioconcentrations of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). Different amendments were used to investigate their effect on availability, concentration, and uptake of metals by wheat in texturally different soils. Crop was irrigated with water containing Cd and Pb at 20 mg L-1, thereby adding 260 mg pot-1 of each metal. Amendments included calcium carbonate at 6 or 12%, gypsum at 50 or 100% of the soil gypsum requirement, farm manure at 7.50 or 15.00 g kg-1 soil, and a control. Amendments decreased ammonium bicarbonate diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (AB-DTPA)-extractable Cd and Pb concentrations and uptake by wheat. Dry matter, concentration, uptake, and extractability of Cd and Pb were greater in sandy loam soil compared with those in sandy clay loam soil irrespective of amendments. Sequential extraction showed that more metals were extracted from the control in all fractions and that predominantly metals were found in the carbonate fraction. C1 [Ahmad, H. R.; Ghafoor, A.; Aziz, M. A.; Saifullah; Sabir, M.] Univ Agr Faisalabad, Inst Soil & Environm Sci, Faisalabad, Pakistan. [Corwin, D. L.] ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA USA. RP Ahmad, HR (reprint author), Univ Agr Faisalabad, Inst Soil & Environm Sci, Faisalabad, Pakistan. EM dr.h.r.ahmad@hotmail.com RI Ullah, Saif/E-1717-2013 NR 45 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2011 VL 42 IS 1 BP 111 EP 122 AR PII 931110993 DI 10.1080/00103624.2011.528494 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 695BY UT WOS:000285346800010 ER PT J AU Penn, CJ Bryant, RB Callahan, MP McGrath, JM AF Penn, C. J. Bryant, R. B. Callahan, M. P. McGrath, J. M. TI Use of Industrial By-products to Sorb and Retain Phosphorus SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Industrial by-products; phosphorus; sorption; water quality ID WATER-TREATMENT RESIDUALS; SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; DISSOLVED PHOSPHORUS; BAUXITE RESIDUE; BIOAVAILABLE PHOSPHORUS; SURFACE RUNOFF; MINE DRAINAGE; FLY-ASH; PHOSPHATE; SORPTION AB The potential of six industrial by-products for use as phosphorus-sorbing materials (PSMs) in solutions was evaluated. These included two different acid mine drainage treatment residuals (AMDR1 and AMDR2), water treatment residual (WTR), fly ash, bauxite mining residual, and flue gas desulfurization product (FGD). Characterization of the by-products and their mechanisms for sorption and retention of inorganic phosphorus (P) from solution identified those PSMs that sorbed primarily by an iron and aluminum (Fe/Al) mechanism, those that sorbed primarily by a calcium and magnesium (Ca/Mg) mechanism, and those that sorbed by both mechanisms. Degree of P sorption and associated mechanisms were strongly influenced by the pH, buffer capacity, ionic strength, and common ion effects. C1 [Penn, C. J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Bryant, R. B.] ARS, USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, State Coll, PA USA. [Callahan, M. P.] Rettew Associates, Palmyra, PA USA. [McGrath, J. M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Penn, CJ (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, 367 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM chad.penn@okstate.edu OI McGrath, Joshua/0000-0002-1212-8795 NR 52 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 20 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2011 VL 42 IS 6 BP 633 EP 644 AR PII 935131320 DI 10.1080/00103624.2011.550374 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 738XK UT WOS:000288675700002 ER PT J AU Hass, A Loeppert, RH Messina, MG Rogers, TD AF Hass, Amir Loeppert, Richard H. Messina, Michael G. Rogers, Timothy D. TI Determination of Phosphate in Selective Extractions for Soil Iron Oxides by the Molybdenum Blue Method in an Automated Continuance Flow Injection System SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Citrate; iron oxides; molybdenum blue colorimetric method; oxalate; phosphorus ID INORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; COLORIMETRIC DETERMINATION; COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; SOLUBLE PHOSPHORUS; PLANT MECHANISMS; EUROPEAN SOILS; UNITED-STATES; OXALATE; DISSOLUTION AB Phosphorus (P) mobility and bioavailability in soil depend on the pools in which it resides. The identification of such pools is essential for the full understanding of P behavior in soil. We evaluated the molybdenum-blue ascorbic-acid method in an automated continuous flow injection analyzer (MB-FIA) to analyze P in two selective soil extractions for soil iron oxide (i.e., the acid ammonium oxalate, AAO, and citrate-dithionite, CD, procedures). Uninterrupted development of the color reaction was obtained at citrate and oxalate concentrations less than 50 mM and 35 mM, corresponding to molybdate/citrate and molybdate/oxalate molar ratios of 2.4 and 3.4, respectively. High precision (% RSD, 1.7 +/- 1.3% for CD and 2.9 +/- 3.7% for AAO), accuracy, and recoveries (105.7 +/- 1.0% for CD and 99.8 +/- 3.8% for AAO) were obtained. This study demonstrates the utility of the MB-FIA system for the determination of AAO- and CD-extractable inorganic P. C1 [Hass, Amir; Messina, Michael G.; Rogers, Timothy D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, Coll Agr & Life Sci, College Stn, TX USA. [Loeppert, Richard H.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Coll Agr & Life Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Hass, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, AFSRC, 1224 Airport Rd, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. EM amir.hass@ars.usda.gov NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 27 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2011 VL 42 IS 14 BP 1619 EP 1635 DI 10.1080/00103624.2011.584598 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 884UM UT WOS:000299734300001 ER PT J AU Niaz, A Ahmad, W Zia, MH Ranjha, AM AF Niaz, Abid Ahmad, Waqar Zia, Munir H. Ranjha, Atta M. TI Relative Efficiency of Different Extractants for Available Boron Estimation in Alkaline Calcareous Soils SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE B release; correlation; method comparison; nonspecifically absorbed; soil series ID HOT-WATER; PLANT AVAILABILITY; SOLUBLE BORON; FRACTIONS; ACID; TOXICITY; ALFALFA; INDIA; ZINC AB Seven extractants widely used to determine plant-available boron (B) from either acidic or alkaline soils were tested for 20 alkaline and calcareous soil series from cotton belt of Punjab, Pakistan. The hot-water-soluble boron (HWS-B) extraction procedure was used as a benchmark to see any relative variation in available B in comparison with alternate extractants [0.05 M hydrochloric acid (HCl), 0.018 M calcium chloride (CaCl2), 1 M ammonium acetate (NH4OAc), 0.25 M sorbitol-diethylenetri-aminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), 0.05 M mannitol prepared in 0.01 M CaCl2, 0.005 M ammonium bicarbonate (AB)-DTPA]. The soil series used in this study belonged to four soil orders (Aridisols, Entisols, Alfisols, and Inceptisols). The greatest mean B concentration (0.32 +/- 0.11 mg kg(-1)) was obtained by hot water extraction followed by 0.05 M HCl extraction (0.31 +/- 0.12 mg kg(-1)), whereas the lowest was obtained by 0.25 M sorbitol-DTPA (0.24 +/- 0.06 mg kg(-1)) extraction. The comparison between soil series showed that the greatest HWS B and 0.05 M HCl B were 0.53 and 0.56 mg kg(-1), respectively, in the Rustam series while the lowest were 0.11 and 0.12 mg kg(-1), respectively, in the Thal series. Rasulpur, Rangpur, Sultanpur, Thal, and Kasur series had the lowest (<0.20 mg B kg(-1)) HWS-B concentrations. Although there was significant correlation for available B among all the extractants tested, the strongest correlation (r = 0.99** at P < 0.01) was observed between HWS B and 0.05 M HCl-extractable B. This study revealed that the 0.05 M HCl extraction method may substitute the hot water extraction method for plant-available B in alkaline and calcareous but modest fertile soils. C1 [Zia, Munir H.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Niaz, Abid] Ayub Agr Res Inst, Inst Soil Chem & Environm Sci, Soil Chem Sect, Faisalabad, Pakistan. [Ahmad, Waqar] Univ Sydney, Fac Agr Food & Nat Resources, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Zia, Munir H.] Fauji Fertilizer Co Ltd, Res & Dev Sect, Rawalpindi Cantt, Pakistan. [Ranjha, Atta M.] Univ Agr Faisalabad, Inst Soil & Environm Sci, Faisalabad, Pakistan. RP Zia, MH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 007, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM MunirZia@gmail.com NR 57 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2011 VL 42 IS 16 BP 1934 EP 1944 DI 10.1080/00103624.2011.591468 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 884UU UT WOS:000299735100003 ER PT J AU Rhoton, FE McChesney, DS AF Rhoton, F. E. McChesney, D. S. TI Influence of FGD Gypsum on the Properties of a Highly Erodible Soil under Conservation Tillage SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Aggregation index; conservation tillage; electrical conductivity; exchangeable aluminum; infiltration; soil pH; water-dispersible clay ID FLUE-GAS DESULFURIZATION; COMBUSTION BY-PRODUCTS; ALUMINUM; QUALITY; RESIDUE; GROWTH; YIELDS; PLANT AB Surface application of agricultural lime and fertilizers in no-till (NT) systems can be inadequate because of the excess time required for slowly soluble lime to improve soil aggregation such that water and nutrients move more rapidly into and down the soil profile. This study used fluidized gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum as an alternative to lime because of its greater solubility and calcium (Ca) and sulfur (S) contents. Gypsum was applied to NT cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plots at rates of 0, 2.24, 4.48, and 6.72 Mg ha(-1) for 3 years. After 1 year, Ca, S, and soil aggregation increased significantly (P <= 0.05) while exchangeable aluminum (Al) activities were reduced. These results indicate that FGD gypsum can increase NT cotton yields by increasing infiltration and soil water contents, reducing runoff, ameliorating exchangeable Al problems, and by providing a readily available source of S, a limiting nutrient in many cotton soils. C1 [Rhoton, F. E.; McChesney, D. S.] ARS, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP McChesney, DS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, 598 McElroy Dr, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2011 VL 42 IS 16 BP 2012 EP 2023 DI 10.1080/00103624.2011.591473 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 884UU UT WOS:000299735100008 ER PT J AU Calderon, FJ Mikha, MM Vigil, MF Nielsen, DC Benjamin, JG Reeves, JB AF Calderon, Francisco J. Mikha, Maysoon M. Vigil, Merle F. Nielsen, David C. Benjamin, Joseph G. Reeves, James B., III TI Diffuse-Reflectance Mid-infrared Spectral Properties of Soils under Alternative Crop Rotations in a Semi-arid Climate SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Crop rotation; infrared spectroscopy; soil carbon; wheat ID ORGANIC-MATTER CHANGES; GREAT-PLAINS; DRIFT SPECTROSCOPY; CARBON; TILLAGE; GRASSLAND; SYSTEMS; FTIR AB We carried out mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectral interpretation of soils 0-5 and 5-15 cm deep in selected alternative crop rotations (ACR) treatments and an adjacent native prairie soil. Ashing and spectral subtraction shows that absorbance at 3700-2850 and 1700-1550 cm(-1) indicates organic absorbance. Prairie soils, with their greater carbon (C) content, have different spectral properties from the cropped soils. Prairie soils have greater absorbance at the 2950-2870 cm(-1) and the 1230 cm(-1) CH bands. The soils from the different depths had different spectral properties, with the soils 0-5 cm deep having stronger absorbance at the 1055 cm(-1) carbohydrate band, at 1270-1460 cm(-1), and at the 1730 cm(-1) ester band. The soils 5-15 cm deep are characterized by greater absorbance at the clay band. Soil C and nitrogen (N) correlated negatively with the 3700 cm(-1) clay band and the 1830 cm(-1) quartz band and correlated positively with the 2920 cm(-1) because of aliphatic CH absorbance. C1 [Calderon, Francisco J.; Mikha, Maysoon M.; Vigil, Merle F.; Nielsen, David C.; Benjamin, Joseph G.] ARS, USDA, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Akron, CO 80720 USA. [Reeves, James B., III] ARS, USDA, Environm Management & By Prod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Calderon, FJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, 40335 Co Rd GG, Akron, CO 80720 USA. EM francisco.calderon@ars.usda.gov RI Nielsen, David/A-8044-2009 OI Nielsen, David/0000-0002-8240-7183 NR 22 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 6 U2 28 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2011 VL 42 IS 17 BP 2143 EP 2159 DI 10.1080/00103624.2011.596243 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 884UX UT WOS:000299735400010 ER PT J AU Jabro, JD Sainju, UM Lenssen, AW Evans, RG AF Jabro, J. D. Sainju, U. M. Lenssen, A. W. Evans, R. G. TI Tillage Effects on Dryland Soil Physical Properties in Northeastern Montana SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Cover crops; soil structure; soil water ID LONG-TERM TILLAGE; NO-TILLAGE; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; CROP-ROTATION; ARGENTINA; SYSTEM; PAMPA AB We evaluated the effect of no tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) on soil penetration resistance (PR), bulk density (BD), gravimetric moisture content (MC), and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) during the fallow phase of a spring wheat-fallow rotation. The study was conducted on two soils mapped as Williams loam at the Froid and Sidney sites. Soil measurements were made on 19 May, 23 June, and 4 August 2005 at the Froid site and on 6 June and 8 July 2005 at the Sidney site. Tillage had no effect on either soil properties except on the PR at Sidney. However, soil PR, MC, and BD varied significantly with depth regardless of tillage and location. Further, soil PR and MC varied with the date of sampling at both locations, and PR generally increased with decreased MC at all soil depths. Soil Ks was slightly influenced by tillage at both locations. C1 [Jabro, J. D.; Sainju, U. M.; Lenssen, A. W.; Evans, R. G.] ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, USDA, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Jabro, JD (reprint author), ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, USDA, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM jay.jabro@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2011 VL 42 IS 18 BP 2179 EP 2187 DI 10.1080/00103624.2011.602449 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 884VC UT WOS:000299735900002 ER PT J AU Wagle, P Smith, MW Wood, BW Rohla, CT AF Wagle, Pradeep Smith, Michael W. Wood, Bruce W. Rohla, Charles T. TI Supplemental Foliar Nickel and Copper Applications Do Not Reduce Kernel Necrosis in Pecan Trees Receiving Excess Nitrogen SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Carya illinoinensis; kernel necrosis; nitrogen; minor nutrient; yield ID HIGHER-PLANTS; UREASE ACTIVITY; AMINO-ACID; DEFICIENCY; MICRONUTRIENT; YIELD; NI AB Pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wang.) K. Koch] fruit developed necrotic tissue at the basal end of the kernels in an orchard receiving large amounts of nitrogen (N) from nitrate-contaminated irrigation water. It was hypothesized that increasing canopy nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu) could mitigate negative effects of excess N and reduce the incidence of kernel necrosis. Nickel, Cu, and Ni + Cu were tank mixed with zinc (Zn) and applied as a canopy application at the parachute stage of leaf development followed by two additional applications at 2-week intervals. One study was conducted for 2 years, and a second study was conducted for 1 year using the same treatments. Foliar nutrient applications increased the leaf concentration of the applied nutrients. The amount of kernel necrosis was unaffected by treatment, and no consistently positive results could be attributed to the canopy treatments. C1 [Wagle, Pradeep; Smith, Michael W.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Wood, Bruce W.] ARS, USDA, Byron, GA USA. [Rohla, Charles T.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK USA. RP Smith, MW (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, 360 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM mike.smith@okstate.edu OI Wagle, Pradeep/0000-0001-7444-0461 FU Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation; Oklahoma Pecan Growers' Association; Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station FX This article was approved for publication by the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station. Funding for this study was provided by the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, the Oklahoma Pecan Growers' Association, and the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2011 VL 42 IS 18 BP 2219 EP 2228 DI 10.1080/00103624.2011.602453 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 884VC UT WOS:000299735900005 ER PT J AU Herrera, JM Delgado, JA Dillon, M Barbarick, KA McMaster, GS AF Herrera, Juan M. Delgado, Jorge A. Dillon, Merlin Barbarick, Kenneth A. McMaster, Gregory S. TI Accumulation of Late-Applied Nitrogen and Root Dynamics during Grain Filling in Irrigated Spring Wheat SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Genotypes; grain filling; labeled nitrogen; nitrogen uptake; root growth; spring wheat ID DRY-MATTER ACCUMULATION; USE EFFICIENCY; WINTER-WHEAT; N-UPTAKE; GENETIC-VARIATION; NITRATE UPTAKE; GROWTH; N-15; SOIL; PLACEMENT AB The objective of this study was to investigate the root growth and nitrogen (N) accumulation of spring wheat during grain filling under split N management. Two spring wheat genotypes were grown in a field with sandy loam soils at three levels of N fertilization (18, 21, and 24 g N m(-2)). Variations in N availability across soil depth were performed in additional experiments under controlled conditions in a greenhouse. The accumulations of total and late-applied N at maturity were 13% and 41% greater, respectively, for the genotype that had longer root length (+57%) and root-to-shoot ratio (+43%). The accumulation of N-15 in the greenhouse study was 53% greater with N-15 applied at a depth of 0.15 m than at a depth of 0.35 m. These results indicate that the genotype that accumulated more N was characterized by greater proliferation and maintenance of roots where N availability was greater. C1 [Herrera, Juan M.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Plant Sci, CH-8315 Lindau, Switzerland. [McMaster, Gregory S.] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Nat Resources Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Dillon, Merlin] Colorado State Univ, San Luis Valley Res Ctr, Monte Vista, CO USA. [Barbarick, Kenneth A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Herrera, JM (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Plant Sci, Eschikon 33, CH-8315 Lindau, Switzerland. EM juan.herrera@ipw.agrl.ethz.ch RI Barbarick, Kenneth/B-7974-2013 OI Barbarick, Kenneth/0000-0002-8779-0740 FU Swiss National Science Foundation FX We thank Mary Smith, Edward Buenger, David Jensen, Nicholas Young, and Karl Mauch for their essential support during the collection and analysis of data. This project was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2011 VL 42 IS 18 BP 2235 EP 2249 DI 10.1080/00103624.2011.602455 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 884VC UT WOS:000299735900007 ER PT J AU Hunt, PG Stone, KC Matheny, TA Vanotti, MB Szogi, AA Busscher, WJ AF Hunt, P. G. Stone, K. C. Matheny, T. A. Vanotti, M. B. Szogi, A. A. Busscher, W. J. TI Double-Cropped Soybean and Wheat with Subsurface Drip Irrigation Supplemented by Treated Swine Wastewater SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE carbon; drought; nitrogen; sandy soil ID LAGOON EFFLUENT APPLICATIONS; NORFOLK LOAMY SAND; COASTAL-PLAIN; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; NITROGEN ACCUMULATION; NORTH-CAROLINA; SOIL QUALITY; COTTON; BERMUDAGRASS; ROTATION AB The wastewater from swine production facilities has been typically managed by treatment in anaerobic lagoons followed by land application. However, there have been considerable advances in superior treatment technologies. Wastewater from one of these technologies was effective for subsurface drip irrigation of bermudagrass. The objectives of this experiment were to assess accumulation of soil nitrogen and carbon along with grain yield, dry-matter accumulation, and plant nitrogen accumulation of soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr., cv.] and wheat [Triticum aestivum (L), cv.] when supplementally irrigated with treated swine effluent via subsurface drip irrigation (SDI). The soil series was Autryville loamy sand (loamy, siliceous, subactive, thermic Arenic Paleudults). Its low unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of 0.0017 +/- 0.0023 mm h(-1) caused problems with water movement to either the soil surface or laterally to adjoining soybean and wheat roots. This condition contributed to complete crop failure in soybean in 2 years and generally poor yields of wheat. In a good rainfall year, the soybean yield was somewhat satisfactory and benefited from the supplemental irrigation. In that year, nonirrigated and irrigated soybean mean yields were 1.55 versus 1.98 Mg ha(-1), respectively. The mean yield of wheat was only 1.06 Mg ha(-1), and it was not affected by irrigation. The means for soil nitrogen and carbon in the 0- to 15-cm depth were 414 and 5,679 mg kg(-1), respectively, and they were not affected by the water treatments. Thus, neither soil conditions nor soybean/wheat production were greatly enhanced by the SDI system. C1 [Hunt, P. G.; Stone, K. C.; Matheny, T. A.; Vanotti, M. B.; Szogi, A. A.; Busscher, W. J.] ARS, USDA, Florence, SC 29501 USA. RP Hunt, PG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2611 West Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM patrick.hunt@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 EI 1532-2416 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2011 VL 42 IS 22 BP 2778 EP 2794 DI 10.1080/00103624.2011.622824 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 302RC UT WOS:000330621600007 ER PT J AU Hunt, PG Stone, KC Matheny, TA Vanotti, MB Szogi, AA Busscher, WJ AF Hunt, P. G. Stone, K. C. Matheny, T. A. Vanotti, M. B. Szogi, A. A. Busscher, W. J. TI Double-Cropped Soybean and Wheat with Subsurface Drip Irrigation Supplemented by Treated Swine Wastewater SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE carbon; drought; nitrogen; sandy soil ID LAGOON EFFLUENT APPLICATIONS; NORFOLK LOAMY SAND; COASTAL-PLAIN; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; NITROGEN ACCUMULATION; NORTH-CAROLINA; SOIL QUALITY; COTTON; BERMUDAGRASS; ROTATION AB The wastewater from swine production facilities has been typically managed by treatment in anaerobic lagoons followed by land application. However, there have been considerable advances in superior treatment technologies. Wastewater from one of these technologies was effective for subsurface drip irrigation of bermudagrass. The objectives of this experiment were to assess accumulation of soil nitrogen and carbon along with grain yield, dry-matter accumulation, and plant nitrogen accumulation of soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr., cv.] and wheat [Triticum aestivum (L), cv.] when supplementally irrigated with treated swine effluent via subsurface drip irrigation (SDI). The soil series was Autryville loamy sand (loamy, siliceous, subactive, thermic Arenic Paleudults). Its low unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of 0.0017 +/- 0.0023 mm h(-1) caused problems with water movement to either the soil surface or laterally to adjoining soybean and wheat roots. This condition contributed to complete crop failure in soybean in 2 years and generally poor yields of wheat. In a good rainfall year, the soybean yield was somewhat satisfactory and benefited from the supplemental irrigation. In that year, nonirrigated and irrigated soybean mean yields were 1.55 versus 1.98 Mg ha(-1), respectively. The mean yield of wheat was only 1.06 Mg ha(-1), and it was not affected by irrigation. The means for soil nitrogen and carbon in the 0- to 15-cm depth were 414 and 5,679 mg kg(-1), respectively, and they were not affected by the water treatments. Thus, neither soil conditions nor soybean/wheat production were greatly enhanced by the SDI system. C1 [Hunt, P. G.; Stone, K. C.; Matheny, T. A.; Vanotti, M. B.; Szogi, A. A.; Busscher, W. J.] ARS, USDA, Florence, SC 29501 USA. RP Hunt, PG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM patrick.hunt@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 EI 1532-2416 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2011 VL 42 IS 22 BP 2778 EP 2794 DI 10.1080/00103624.2011.622824 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 884VJ UT WOS:000299736600007 ER PT J AU Davis, KB McEntire, M AF Davis, Kenneth B. McEntire, Matthew TI Influence of reproductive status, sex hormones and temperature on plasma IGF-I concentrations in sunshine bass (Morone chrysops x Morone saxatilis) SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sunshine bass; Plasma IGF-I; Gender; Temperature ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; TILAPIA OREOCHROMIS-MOSSAMBICUS; FINAL OOCYTE MATURATION; STRIPED BASS; INSULIN; VITELLOGENINS; EXPRESSION; INDUCTION; TELEOST; STRESS AB Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations in male and female sunshine bass (Morone chrysops x Morone saxatilis) were determined in March, early April, and late April in outdoor ponds at a commercial farm. Female fish were always larger than male fish: however, plasma IGF-I concentrations tended to be higher in male fish and increased as pond temperature and feeding increased in both sexes. Gonadal development was greatest in both sexes in March and declined to a regressed state by the end of April and the same pattern of change occurred with plasma estrogen and testosterone. Growth and IGF-I concentrations in sunshine bass fed estrogen, methyl testosterone, or a control diet were also determined. Growth was reduced in fish fed both sex hormones. Fish fed the control diet had the highest IGF-I levels, androgen-fed fish had intermediate levels, and estrogen-fed fish had the lowest IGF-I concentrations after 4 weeks on the diet. Plasma IGF-I concentrations appeared to respond to increasing temperature in the ponds, and were inversely related to gonadal development and sex hormones. Exogenous sex hormones resulted in a decrease in plasma IGF-I, feeding activity and growth. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Davis, Kenneth B.; McEntire, Matthew] USDA ARS, Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Davis, KB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, POB 38, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM kenneth.davis@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1095-6433 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Mol. Integr. Physiol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 158 IS 1 BP 13 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.05.011 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology GA 704BX UT WOS:000286027200002 PM 20580851 ER PT J AU Davis, KB Gaylord, TG AF Davis, Kenneth B. Gaylord, T. Gibson TI Effect of fasting on body composition and responses to stress in sunshine bass SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sunshine bass; Fasting; Stress response; Insulin-like growth factor-I; Liver glycogen storage; Plasma glucose; Intraperitoneal fat storage ID CATFISH ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; GROWTH-FACTOR-I; IGF-BINDING PROTEINS; HYBRID STRIPED BASS; COMPENSATORY GROWTH; COHO SALMON; HORMONE; INSULIN; STARVATION; DEPRIVATION AB The integrated responses of the hormonal regulation of growth and stress in sunshine bass (Morone chrysops X Morone saxatilis) as regulated by feed deprivation were investigated. Groups of fish were fed 1.5% of the body weight per day or offered no feed for 4 weeks. Another group of fish was not fed for 3 weeks and feed was offered during the fourth week. Fish in each group were sampled immediately before or after a 15-min low water confinement stressor after each week of the experiment. Liver mass and liver glycogen content were decreased after one week of fasting and remained low until the end of the study. However, both recovered after a week of refeeding. Intraperitoneal fat was significantly lower after two weeks of fasting and did not recover after a week of refeeding. None of these components were affected by confinement stress. Plasma glucose in unstressed fish was generally unaffected by fasting or refeeding; however, plasma glucose increased after confinement stress in fed but not in fasted fish. The cortisol stress response was unaltered by fasting and remained robust. Plasma IGF-I generally decreased in fasted fish but was not significantly lower than fed fish until the fourth week. A week of refeeding did not restore plasma IGF-I concentrations. Plasma IGF-I concentrations were higher in confinement stressed fed fish after two and four weeks but were unchanged in the fourth week. There was no change in the plasma IGF-I concentrations in fasted or refed fish due to the stress. Liver weight and liver glycogen were essentially depleted after 2 weeks of fasting. The reduction of liver glycogen greatly reduced the glucose response to stress; however, the cortisol stress response was maintained for at least four weeks of fasting. Intraperitoneal fat was decreased very little after 4 weeks of fasting. Plasma IGF-I concentrations were reduced only after 3 weeks of fasting. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Davis, Kenneth B.; Gaylord, T. Gibson] Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Davis, KB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, POB 38, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM kenneth.davis@ars.usda.gov OI Gaylord, Gibson/0000-0003-3037-0451 NR 28 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1095-6433 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Mol. Integr. Physiol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 158 IS 1 BP 30 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.08.019 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology GA 704BX UT WOS:000286027200005 PM 20732440 ER PT J AU Uchendu, EE Shukla, MR Reed, BM Brown, DCW Saxena, PK AF Uchendu, E. E. Shukla, M. R. Reed, B. M. Brown, D. C. W. Saxena, P. K. BE MooYoung, M TI Improvement of Ginseng by In Vitro Culture: Challenges and Opportunities SO COMPREHENSIVE BIOTECHNOLOGY, VOL 4: AGRICULTURAL AND RELATED BIOTECHNOLOGIES, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NORTH-AMERICAN GINSENG; DIRECT SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS; EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAGS; TOBACCO TISSUE CULTURES; PANAX-QUINQUEFOLIUS L.; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; SUSPENSION-CULTURES; PLANT-REGENERATION; SAPONIN PRODUCTION; ADVENTITIOUS ROOTS C1 [Uchendu, E. E.; Shukla, M. R.; Saxena, P. K.] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Reed, B. M.] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR USA. [Brown, D. C. W.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, London, ON, Canada. RP Uchendu, EE (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. NR 135 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-088504-9 PY 2011 BP 317 EP 329 PG 13 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BA3WC UT WOS:000334960300025 ER PT J AU Jeon, HY Zhu, HP Derksen, R Ozkan, E Krause, C AF Jeon, Hong Y. Zhu, Heping Derksen, Richard Ozkan, Edal Krause, Charles TI Evaluation of ultrasonic sensor for variable-rate spray applications SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Variable-rate application; Nursery sprayer; Real-time sensor; Sensor testing; Ultrasonic sensors ID FOLIAGE DENSITY; CANOPY VOLUME; TREE; SPEED; LASER; AREA AB Automatic variable-rate sprayers require accurate measurement of canopy size. An estimate of canopy size is made by measuring the distance to the canopy at several elevations above the ground; an ultrasonic sensor was used to determine canopy distance in this study. It is sometimes necessary to conduct spray operations during harsh operating conditions. In this study ultrasonic sensors were subjected to simulated environmental and operating conditions to determine their durability and accuracy. Conditions tested included exposure to extended cold, outdoor temperatures, cross winds, temperature change, dust clouds, travel speeds and spray cloud effects. The root mean square (RMS) error in a series of measurements of the distance to a simulated plant canopy was used to test for significant difference among treatments. After exposure to outdoor cold conditions for 4 months, the RMS error in distance measured by the ultrasonic sensor increased from 3.31 to 3.55 cm, which was not statistically significant. Neither the presence of dust cloud nor the changes in cross-wind speeds over a range from 1.5-7.5 m/s had significant effects on the mean RMS errors. Varying sensor travel speed from 0.8 to 3.0 m/s had no significant influence on sensor detection distances. Increasing ambient temperature from 16.7 to 41.6 degrees C reduced the detection distance by 5.0 cm. The physical location of the spray nozzle with respect to the ultrasonic sensor had a significant effect on mean RMS errors. The mean RMS errors of sensor distance measurements ranged from 2.3 to 83.0 cm. The RMS errors could be reduced to acceptable values by proper controlling the sensor/spray nozzles spacing on a sprayer. In addition, multiple-synchronized sensors were tested for their measurement stability and accuracy (due to possible cross-talk errors) when mounted on a prototype sprayer. It was found that isolating the pathway of the ultrasonic wave of each sensor reduced detecting interference between sensors during multiple sensor operation. Test methods presented herein may be useful in the design of standardized testing protocols for field use distance sensors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Jeon, Hong Y.; Zhu, Heping; Derksen, Richard; Krause, Charles] ARS, USDA, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Ozkan, Edal] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Jeon, HY (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Applicat Technol Res Unit, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM hongyoung.jeon@ars.usda.gov FU USDA NIAR SCRI FX The authors express their appreciation to Dr. Robert D. Fox for his thoughtful review, and Adam Clark, Barry Nudd and Keith Williams for their technical assistance. This research is supported by USDA NIAR SCRI. NR 20 TC 19 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0168-1699 J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR JI Comput. Electron. Agric. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 75 IS 1 BP 213 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.compag.2010.11.007 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Agriculture; Computer Science GA 713CX UT WOS:000286713700026 ER PT S AU Stoeckel, JN Gagen, CJ Standadge, RW AF Stoeckel, Joseph N. Gagen, Charles J. Standadge, Richard W. BE Michaletz, PH Travnichek, VH TI Feeding and Reproductive Biology of Ouachita Madtom SO CONSERVATION, ECOLOGY, AND MANAGEMENT OF CATFISH: THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE American Fisheries Society Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Catfish Symposium on Conservation, Ecology, and Management of Catfish, Catfish 2010 CY JUN 19-22, 2010 CL St Louis, MI SP AFS Educ Sect, AFS Fisheries Management Sect, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Kansas Dept Wildlife & Pk, Missouri River Nat Resources Comm, Nebraska Game & Pk Commiss, AFS Missouri Chapter, Bass Pro Shops, Conservat Federat Missouri, MICRA, Smith Root Inc, Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agcy, AFS N Central Div, AFS N Central Div Rivers & Streams Tech Comm, AFS So Div, AFS Arkansas Chapter, AFS Dakota Chapter, AFS Georgia Chapter, AFS Illinois Chapter, AFS Iowa Chapter, AFS Kansas Chapter, AFS Minnesota Chapter, AFS Mississippi Chapter, AFS Nebraska Chapter, AFS Ohio Chapter, AFS S Carolina Chapter, AFS Tennessee Chapter, AFSTexas Chapter, AFS Virginia Chapter, AFS Wisconsin Chapter, Duke Energy, Minner Net Co Inc, Upper Mississippi River Conservat Comm, W Virginia Dept Nat Resources ID LIFE-HISTORY; ICTALURIDAE; PISCES; SILURIFORMES; ILLINOIS; RIVER AB The Ouachita madtom Noturus lachneri is endemic to south-central Arkansas. We investigated its feeding and reproductive biology to augment life history information and facilitate management of the species. We measured abundance of invertebrates in the environment and in the diet of Ouachita madtoms in pool and riffle habitats in three streams each season for 2 years. Feeding selection of Ouachita madtoms was determined by comparing the proportion of each taxon found in the environment to that consumed in the diet. Ouachita madtoms strongly selected for chironomids in all seasons in all habitats for both years. Coleopterans, ephemeropterans, and odonates were avoided or unavailable compared to their abundance in the environment. Nonetheless, Ouachita madtoms consumed high numbers of a wide variety of organisms and can best be classified as a feeding generalist. Oocyte diameters and gonadosomatic index values were measured from fish collected on a variety of dates over a 6-year period, and nest sites were examined during two spawning seasons. The maximum gonadosomatic index value was 22.0 for females and 0.83 for males. The diameter of oocytes at time of final maturation, based on the maximum oocyte diameter (3.5 mm) and the mean (+/- SD) yolk diameters of spawned eggs (3.3 +/- 0.2 mm), is greater than 3.0 mm. Fecundity ranges from 6 to 69 oocytes (mean = 35 +/- 15). The spawning season begins in early June and terminates by mid-August. Male Ouachita madtoms guard bowl-shaped nests containing 33 +/- 13 ova. The nests are built in gravel or gravel/sand substrate located in glides above riffles and covered by slab rocks that range in size from 100 to 1,200 cm(2) in area. Ouachita madtoms can nest successfully in areas of low current velocity, but siltation apparently inhibits spawning activity. C1 [Stoeckel, Joseph N.; Gagen, Charles J.] Arkansas Tech Univ, Fisheries & Wildlife Program, Russellville, AR 72801 USA. [Standadge, Richard W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Hot Springs, AR 72902 USA. RP Stoeckel, JN (reprint author), Arkansas Tech Univ, Fisheries & Wildlife Program, Russellville, AR 72801 USA. EM jstoeckel@atu.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Ouachita National Forest and Arkansas Tech University FX This project was funded as a cooperative agreement between the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Ouachita National Forest and Arkansas Tech University. The authors thank Danny Ebert, Alan Clingenpeel, and Betty Crump of the USDA Forest Service. Former Arkansas Tech Students Darin McCollum, Densie Beck, and Dwayne Rambo provided many hours of field and laboratory support. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 978-1-934874-25-7 J9 AM FISH S S JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. PY 2011 VL 77 BP 267 EP 279 PG 13 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BG9SD UT WOS:000393725100023 ER PT S AU Rypel, AL AF Rypel, Andrew L. BE Michaletz, PH Travnichek, VH TI Meta-Analysis of Growth for Five North American Catfishes: Effects of Climate, Hydrologic Habitat, and Latitudinal Countergradients SO CONSERVATION, ECOLOGY, AND MANAGEMENT OF CATFISH: THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE American Fisheries Society Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Catfish Symposium on Conservation, Ecology, and Management of Catfish, Catfish 2010 CY JUN 19-22, 2010 CL St Louis, MI SP AFS Educ Sect, AFS Fisheries Management Sect, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Kansas Dept Wildlife & Pk, Missouri River Nat Resources Comm, Nebraska Game & Pk Commiss, AFS Missouri Chapter, Bass Pro Shops, Conservat Federat Missouri, MICRA, Smith Root Inc, Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agcy, AFS N Central Div, AFS N Central Div Rivers & Streams Tech Comm, AFS So Div, AFS Arkansas Chapter, AFS Dakota Chapter, AFS Georgia Chapter, AFS Illinois Chapter, AFS Iowa Chapter, AFS Kansas Chapter, AFS Minnesota Chapter, AFS Mississippi Chapter, AFS Nebraska Chapter, AFS Ohio Chapter, AFS S Carolina Chapter, AFS Tennessee Chapter, AFSTexas Chapter, AFS Virginia Chapter, AFS Wisconsin Chapter, Duke Energy, Minner Net Co Inc, Upper Mississippi River Conservat Comm, W Virginia Dept Nat Resources ID INTRODUCED FLATHEAD CATFISH; CHANNEL CATFISH; BROWN BULLHEAD; FISH GROWTH; EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE; ICTALURUS-NEBULOSUS; PYLODICTIS-OLIVARIS; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; SILURUS-GLANIS; WATER AB Growth rates are a core characteristic of catfish populations that are of increasing research interest. However, few studies have synthesized growth data across catfish populations and species to examine large-scale drivers of catfish growth. Here, a meta analysis of growth was conducted for channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus, blue catfish I. furcatus, flathead catfish Pylodictis olivaris, brown bullhead Ameiurus nebulosus, and black bullhead A. melas, and relationships were documented between growth and climate variables, hydrologic habitats (lentic versus lotic), and latitudinal countergradients (a tendency for faster subannual growth in the north). Blue catfish, black bullhead, and brown bullhead growth correlated significantly and positively with temperature metrics. Blue catfish, flathead catfish, and brown bullhead growth also correlated significantly and positively with sunshine fraction, wind speed, and evapotranspiration. Channel catfish growth did not correlate to any climate metrics. After removal of growth effects related to climate, blue catfish and brown bullhead had significantly faster growth in lotic than lentic habitats. Channel catfish and black bullhead had faster growth in lentic than lotic habitats. Flathead catfish showed no difference in growth between hydrologic habitat types. After standardizing growth by postsexual maturation age and the thermal opportunity for growth, significant and highly predictive countergradient growth relationships (mean r(2) = 0.47) were found for all five species across sites (i.e., faster temperature-standardized growth in more northerly populations). Slopes of these relationships did not differ among species, suggesting similar responses to latitude. There may be a genetic basis for countergradient growth in catfishes that developed over evolutionary scales via selection by a shared environmental factor. Catfish growth is variable within and among species but can be intensely shaped by all three primary factors evaluated in this study. C1 [Rypel, Andrew L.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, US Forest Serv, USDA,Stream Hydrol Lab, 1000 Front St, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Rypel, AL (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, US Forest Serv, USDA,Stream Hydrol Lab, 1000 Front St, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM andrewrypel@yahoo.com FU USDA Forest Service postdoctoral fellowship FX I thank the following people who graciously provided copies of their own unpublished data, theses, documents, and ideas exchange that contributed to this study, especially William Connelly (University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science), Vicki Blazer (USGS), Dan Shoup (Oklahoma State University) Kyle Hartman (West Virginia University), Fred Pinkney (USFWS), Tim Sinnott (New York State Department of Environmental Conservation), Tom Kennedy (The Nature Conservancy), Michael Len and Fred Leslie (Alabama Department of Environmental Management), Mary Fabrizio (Virginia Institute of Marine Science), Thomas Kwak, (North Carolina State University), and the library staff of Ole Miss Interlibrary Services. The author was financially supported by a USDA Forest Service postdoctoral fellowship. NR 81 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 978-1-934874-25-7 J9 AM FISH S S JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. PY 2011 VL 77 BP 661 EP 677 PG 17 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BG9SD UT WOS:000393725100056 ER PT J AU Pachepsky, YA Shelton, DR AF Pachepsky, Y. A. Shelton, D. R. TI Escherichia Coli and Fecal Coliforms in Freshwater and Estuarine Sediments SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Escherichia coli; bottom sediment; survival; release; water quality ID INDICATOR BACTERIA; LAKE-MICHIGAN; ENTERIC PATHOGENS; BOTTOM SEDIMENTS; SUBTROPICAL ENVIRONMENT; RECREATIONAL BEACHES; CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; STORMWATER RUNOFF; URBAN STORMWATER AB It has been known for some time that substantial populations of fecal coliforms and E. coli are harbored in freshwater bottom sediments, bank soils, and beach sands. However, the relative importance of sediments as bacterial habitats and as a source of water-borne fecal coliforms and E. coli has not been recognized until recently, when a large number of publications have shown that in many cases the resuspension of sediment, rather then runoff from surrounding lands, can create elevated E. coli concentrations in water. This review is an attempt to develop the first comprehensive single source of existing information about fecal coliforms and E.coli in sediments and adjacent soils and to outline the knowledge gaps and research needs. The authors summarize available information on variability and environmental correlations of E.coli and FC concentrations in sediments, genetic diversity of E.coli in sediments, survival of E. coli and FC in sediments, release with resuspended sediment and settling of E. coli and FC, modeling of sediment effects on fate and transport of E. coli in surface waters, and implications for monitoring and management of microbiological water quality. The demonstrated role of pathogenic E. coli strains in food and water quality challenges reinforces the need in better understanding ecological and hydrological factors that affect functioning of sediments as E. coli reservoirs. C1 [Pachepsky, Y. A.; Shelton, D. R.] ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Pachepsky, YA (reprint author), BARC E, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 173, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Yakov.pachepsky@ars.usda.gov OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 158 TC 76 Z9 78 U1 11 U2 110 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1064-3389 J9 CRIT REV ENV SCI TEC JI Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 41 IS 12 BP 1067 EP 1110 AR PII 937270551 DI 10.1080/10643380903392718 PG 44 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 761LJ UT WOS:000290399100001 ER PT J AU Eischeid, AC Thurston, JA Linden, KG AF Eischeid, Anne C. Thurston, Jeanette A. Linden, Karl G. TI UV Disinfection of Adenovirus: Present State of the Research and Future Directions SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus; water treatments; ultraviolet light; cell culture infectivity ID HEPATITIS-A VIRUS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MEDIUM-PRESSURE; COMPARATIVE INACTIVATION; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM; CELL-CULTURE; RT-PCR; CONFORMATIONAL STABILITY; ULTRAVIOLET INACTIVATION; MICROBIAL INACTIVATION AB Adenoviruses are nonenveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses that infect humans, causing dysentery and respiratory infection. Adenovirus has become a focus of the water treatment community because of its apparent resistance to ultraviolet (UV) disinfection and is the basis for stringent new regulations from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regarding UV disinfection of all viruses. Most of the work done so far, however, has involved the use of monochromatic (254 nm) low-pressure UV sources and assay of viral inactivation in cell culture models. Adenovirus is most likely not truly resistant to UV damage but is instead damaged and then repaired in host cells during cell culture infectivity assays. Recent research has shown that newer, polychromatic UV sources are more effective than monochromatic low-pressure UV at inactivating adenovirus. The potential for viral DNA repair in cell culture necessitates the use of alternative assay methods to measure UV disinfection efficiency: these include molecular biology and animal infectivity assays. Research to help clarify the effects of UV on adenovirus should therefore address two major issues not addressed in most studies published so far: the nature of (a) the UV source used to inactivate the virus and (b) the assays used to determine inactivation and characterize viral response. In this review, the authors discuss previous work on UV inactivation of adenovirus as well as present and ongoing work designed to address these two issues. C1 [Eischeid, Anne C.] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Thurston, Jeanette A.] Natl Inst Food & Agr, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Linden, Karl G.] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80203 USA. RP Linden, KG (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, 428 UCB, Boulder, CO 80203 USA. OI Linden, Karl G./0000-0003-4301-7227 NR 90 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 36 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1064-3389 J9 CRIT REV ENV SCI TEC JI Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 41 IS 15 BP 1375 EP 1396 AR PII 938810194 DI 10.1080/10643381003608268 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 779UA UT WOS:000291806500001 ER PT B AU Hatfield, JL Prueger, JH AF Hatfield, Jerry L. Prueger, John H. BE Yadav, SS Redden, RJ Hatfield, JL LotzeCampen, H Hall, AE TI Agroecology: Implications for Plant Response to Climate Change SO CROP ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; DRYLAND EVAPORATIVE FLUX; HURLEY PASTURE MODEL; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SUBHUMID CLIMATE; PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACCLIMATION; GRASSLAND RESPONSES; NITROGEN LIMITATION; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS C1 [Hatfield, Jerry L.; Prueger, John H.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Hatfield, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 87 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO 19 8SQ, ENGLAND BN 978-0-470-96089-9; 978-0-8138-2016-3 PY 2011 BP 27 EP 43 D2 10.1002/9780470960929 PG 17 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BA8DM UT WOS:000338009900011 ER PT B AU Hatfield, JL AF Hatfield, Jerry L. BE Yadav, SS Redden, RJ Hatfield, JL LotzeCampen, H Hall, AE TI Changing Climate in North America: Implications for Crops SO CROP ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE; FUTURE CLIMATE; MAIZE; VARIABILITY; IMPACTS; POLLEN; YIELD; MODEL; UNCERTAINTIES; PRECIPITATION C1 ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Hatfield, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO 19 8SQ, ENGLAND BN 978-0-470-96089-9; 978-0-8138-2016-3 PY 2011 BP 57 EP 65 D2 10.1002/9780470960929 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BA8DM UT WOS:000338009900013 ER PT B AU Coyne, CJ McGee, RJ Redden, RJ Ambrose, MJ Furman, BJ Miles, CA AF Coyne, Clarice J. McGee, Rebecca J. Redden, Robert J. Ambrose, Mike J. Furman, Bonnie J. Miles, Carol A. BE Yadav, SS Redden, RJ Hatfield, JL LotzeCampen, H Hall, AE TI Genetic Adjustment to Changing Climates: Pea SO CROP ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PISUM-SATIVUM L.; ULTRAVIOLET-B RADIATION; SHOOT APICAL MERISTEM; ACUTE HEAT-STRESS; ELEVATED CO2; HIGH TEMPERATURE; DROUGHT STRESS; WATER-STRESS; DIVERSITY; PLANTS C1 [Coyne, Clarice J.] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Plant Intro Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [McGee, Rebecca J.] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Redden, Robert J.] Australian Temperate Field Crops Collect Grains I, Dept Primary Ind, Horsham, Vic 3401, Australia. [Ambrose, Mike J.] John Innes Inst, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. [Furman, Bonnie J.] ARS, USDA, Arctic & Subarct Plant Genet Resources, Palmer, AK 99645 USA. [Miles, Carol A.] Washington State Univ, Northwest Res & Extens Ctr, Mt Vernon, WA 98273 USA. RP Coyne, CJ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Plant Intro Unit, 59 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 113 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO 19 8SQ, ENGLAND BN 978-0-470-96089-9; 978-0-8138-2016-3 PY 2011 BP 238 EP 250 D2 10.1002/9780470960929 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BA8DM UT WOS:000338009900025 ER PT B AU Westgate, ME Hatfield, JL AF Westgate, Mark E. Hatfield, Jerry L. BE Yadav, SS Redden, RJ Hatfield, JL LotzeCampen, H Hall, AE TI Genetic Adjustment to Changing Climates: Maize SO CROP ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ZEA-MAYS L.; ENDOSPERM CELL-DIVISION; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; MAJOR CONSTITUTIVE QTL; LOW WATER POTENTIALS; DROUGHT TOLERANCE; KERNEL SET; ABIOTIC STRESS; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO; GRAIN-YIELD C1 [Westgate, Mark E.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hatfield, Jerry L.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Westgate, ME (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 88 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO 19 8SQ, ENGLAND BN 978-0-470-96089-9; 978-0-8138-2016-3 PY 2011 BP 314 EP 325 D2 10.1002/9780470960929 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BA8DM UT WOS:000338009900030 ER PT B AU Redden, RJ Yadav, SS Hatfield, JL Prasanna, BM Vasal, SK Lafarge, T AF Redden, Robert J. Yadav, Shyam S. Hatfield, Jerry L. Prasanna, Boddupalli M. Vasal, Surinder K. Lafarge, Tanguy BE Yadav, SS Redden, RJ Hatfield, JL LotzeCampen, H Hall, AE TI The Potential of Climate Change Adjustment in Crops: A Synthesis SO CROP ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LOWLAND TROPICAL MAIZE; DROUGHT TOLERANCE; ADAPTATION; RESPONSES; SELECTION; REGION; BARLEY; WHEAT; YIELD C1 [Redden, Robert J.] Australian Temperate Field Crops Collect, Dept Primary Ind, Horsham, Vic 3401, Australia. [Yadav, Shyam S.] Govt Islamic Republ Afghanistan, Minist Agr Irrigat & Livestock, Gen Directorate Programs, Civilian Tech Assistance Program, Kabul, Afghanistan. [Hatfield, Jerry L.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Prasanna, Boddupalli M.] CIMMYT Kenya, CIMMYT Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr, Nairobi 00621, Kenya. [Vasal, Surinder K.] CIMMYT, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Lafarge, Tanguy] CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398 Montpellier, France. [Lafarge, Tanguy] CESD, IRRI, Los Banos, Philippines. RP Redden, RJ (reprint author), Australian Temperate Field Crops Collect, Dept Primary Ind, Grains Innovat Pk,Private Bag 260, Horsham, Vic 3401, Australia. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO 19 8SQ, ENGLAND BN 978-0-470-96089-9; 978-0-8138-2016-3 PY 2011 BP 482 EP 494 D2 10.1002/9780470960929 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BA8DM UT WOS:000338009900041 ER PT B AU Jaradat, AA AF Jaradat, Abdullah A. BE Yadav, SS Redden, RJ Hatfield, JL LotzeCampen, H Hall, AE TI Energy Crops to Combat Climate Change SO CROP ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CELLULOSIC BIOFUELS; BIOENERGY CROPS; GENE POOLS; LAND-USE; BIOMASS; SWITCHGRASS; YIELD; PLANT; FOOD; DIVERSITY C1 [Jaradat, Abdullah A.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Jaradat, Abdullah A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, Morris, MN 56267 USA. RP Jaradat, AA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO 19 8SQ, ENGLAND BN 978-0-470-96089-9; 978-0-8138-2016-3 PY 2011 BP 546 EP 555 D2 10.1002/9780470960929 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BA8DM UT WOS:000338009900045 ER PT J AU Jakubowski, AR Jackson, RD Johnson, RC Hu, JG Casler, MD AF Jakubowski, Andrew R. Jackson, Randall D. Johnson, R. C. Hu, Jinguo Casler, Michael D. TI Genetic diversity and population structure of Eurasian populations of reed canarygrass: cytotypes, cultivars, and interspecific hybrids SO CROP & PASTURE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE germplasm; Phalaris spp.; plant genetic resources; plant breeding; ploidy; population genetics ID GRASS PHALARIS-ARUNDINACEA; CHLOROPLAST DNA; INVASIVE GRASS; PLANTS; L.; COLONIZATION; POLYPLOIDY; RESOURCES; TUBEROSA; WETLANDS AB Reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) is an important forage crop and potential biofuel feedstock due to its wide environmental adaptation. The P. arundinacea 'species complex' is made up of three cytotypes, 2x, 4x, and 6x, with the 4x cytotype (P. arundinacea L.) most common. Active breeding programs have developed cultivars since the early 20th Century, but little is known about the genetics of the species complex. With the aid of DNA markers, we evaluated the population structure of 83 wild accessions collected throughout Eurasia, 24 cultivars, and the genetic relationship between 4x and 6x cytotypes. Seven subpopulations were present in Europe with a high level of admixture, suggesting that reed canarygrass germplasm has spread throughout Eurasia, either naturally or by humans for use in agriculture. Our results indicate that cultivars have incorporated much of the diversity found in wild populations, although modern low-alkaloid cultivars appear to come from a relatively small gene pool. We also found some evidence that the 6x cytotype is made up of three sub-genomes that are a combination of genomes present in 4x P. arundinacea and 4x P. aquatica, although the 6x cytotype does not appear to be a direct hybrid between the species. C1 [Jakubowski, Andrew R.; Jackson, Randall D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Jackson, Randall D.; Casler, Michael D.] Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Johnson, R. C.; Hu, Jinguo] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Casler, Michael D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Jakubowski, AR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM Jakubowski@wisc.edu FU Grazing Lands Conservation Initiative [941-3]; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER) [DE-FC02-07ER64494]; USDA-ARS FX This work was funded in part by Grazing Lands Conservation Initiative grant 941-3, the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494), and by USDA-ARS funds. We are grateful to USDA National Plant Germplasm System, Aberystwyth University, the Nordic Gene Bank, the Plant Breeding and Acclimatisation Institute, and Institute for Genetics and Plant Crop Research for access to germplasm. NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 24 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1836-0947 J9 CROP PASTURE SCI JI Crop Pasture Sci. PY 2011 VL 62 IS 11 BP 982 EP 991 DI 10.1071/CP11232 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 865SX UT WOS:000298331700006 ER PT J AU Samtani, JB Ajwa, HA Weber, JB Browne, GT Klose, S Hunzie, J Fennimore, SA AF Samtani, Jayesh B. Ajwa, Husein A. Weber, John B. Browne, Gregory T. Klose, Susanne Hunzie, Jonathan Fennimore, Steven A. TI Evaluation of non-fumigant alternatives to methyl bromide for weed control and crop yield in California strawberries (Fragaria ananassa L.) SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Methyl bromide alternatives; Weed control; Soil steaming; Organic; Conventional; Strawberry ID MUSCODOR-ALBUS; MANAGEMENT; DISEASES; ROT AB In California USA, agricultural fumigant use regulations hinder the complete transition from methyl bromide (MB) to alternative fumigants Alternative fumigants such as 13-dichloropropene (13-D) and chloropicrin (Pic) are being used on approximately half of California conventional strawberry production fields Geographic use limits and buffer zones set by the California Department of Pesticide Regulation for 13-D + Pic restrict a more complete replacement of MB Due to the regulatory constraints and public resistance to fumigant use it is necessary to develop fumigant-free strawberry production systems Trials were conducted during the 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 strawberry growing seasons at Salinas and Watsonville California Non-fumigant treatments including steam mustard seed meal (MSM) Muscodor albus and furfural fertilizers including Mustard Products & Technologies fertilizer and stabilised urea and fungicide treatments including AG3(NP) fludioxonil + mefenoxam (mfx) and mfx + thiophanate-methyl were evaluated for weed control and strawberry fruit yield and compared to MB + Pic (MBPic) standard soil fumigation and an untreated control Steam treatment applied pre-plant to achieve soil temperature of >= 70 degrees C for 20 min up to 25 cm soil depth consistently provided weed control similar to the MBPic standard soil fumigation Use of oxyfluorfen herbicide prior to fungicide applications in 2008/2009 also controlled weeds similar to the MBPic standard soil fumigation Strawberry yields in steam-treated plots with the exception of steam alone in 2007/2008 at Salinas were comparable to MBPic At Watsonville in 2008/2009 treatment effect on strawberry yields was insignificant Yields in furfural and MSM treatments were comparable to MBPic only in some years or sites With the exception of steam, none of the treatments can be considered viable replacement to MB (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved C1 [Samtani, Jayesh B.; Ajwa, Husein A.; Weber, John B.; Klose, Susanne; Hunzie, Jonathan; Fennimore, Steven A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Browne, Gregory T.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Fennimore, SA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. FU USDA-ARS FX The authors wish to thank John Rachuy Yesenia Martinez and Craig Spielman for technical support Financial support was provided by the USDA-ARS Areawide methyl bromide alternatives program NR 36 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 30 IS 1 BP 45 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2010.08.023 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 691YX UT WOS:000285119800007 ER PT J AU Bradbury, P Parker, T Hamblin, MT Jannink, JL AF Bradbury, Peter Parker, Thomas Hamblin, Martha T. Jannink, Jean-Luc TI Assessment of Power and False Discovery Rate in Genome-Wide Association Studies using the BarleyCAP Germplasm SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; TRAITS; CULTIVARS; LOCI AB Success in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) is dependent on the power to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) with a minimal rate of false discovery. The objective of this study was to determine the potential for GWAS within barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) by evaluating several linear models that varied in the way they accounted for population structure (model-based STRUCTURE or principle component analysis [PCA]) and familial relatedness. Using genotype data from the Barley Coordinated Agricultural Project (BarleyCAP), phenotypic effects were simulated for different numbers of QTL with three heritability levels. Under each scenario, power and false discovery rate were calculated for sample sizes of 100 or 300 individuals. A mixed model that accounted for familial relatedness but not population structure performed as well as or better than all other models across all heritability levels, QTL numbers, and sample sizes tested. Simulations with 100 lines performed poorly for QTL detection but simulations with 300 lines performed adequately, suggesting that the BarleyCAP data can be used successfully for GWAS if sample sizes are adequate. C1 [Bradbury, Peter; Parker, Thomas; Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Hamblin, Martha T.] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Jannink, JL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jeanluc.jannink@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 18 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 51 IS 1 BP 52 EP 59 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.02.0064 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 695ZG UT WOS:000285411100007 ER PT J AU Zeng, LH Meredith, WR Boykin, DL AF Zeng, Linghe Meredith, William R., Jr. Boykin, Deborah L. TI Germplasm Potential for Continuing Improvement of Fiber Quality in Upland Cotton: Combining Ability for Lint Yield and Fiber Quality SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM L; HOST-PLANT GERMPLASM; INTROGRESSED POPULATION; GENE ACTION; F2 HYBRIDS; REGISTRATION; COMPONENTS; HETEROSIS; STRENGTH; CULTIVARS AB Exotic germplasm, that is, germplasm without commercial applicability, can broaden the genetic base in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). The objectives of this study were to determine combining ability and identify parents from exotic germplasm for breeding. Twelve regionally adapted exotic germplasm lines were crossed with one cultivar and three elite germplasm lines in a North Carolina Design II scheme. The 48 F(2) hybrids were evaluated at two locations with 4 and 3 replicates each in 2008 and 2009, respectively. General combining ability (GCA) effects were significant (p <= 0.001) for lint yield and all fiber properties. General combining ability effects were more important than specific combining ability (SCA) effects for most traits. Significant (p <= 0.05) favorable GCA effects were detected in all exotic germplasm parents for different fiber properties. Positive GCA effects for lint yield and favorable GCA effects for at least one fiber property were detected in some exotic parents: SP156 and SP224 for lint yield and strength; SP192, SP205, and JC65 for lint yield, micronaire, and elongation; and SP192 and SP224 for lint yield and short fiber content and fineness, respectively. Significant high parent heterosis (HPH) for lint yield was detected in F(2) hybrids of FM832 x SP205 (14%) and MD15 x SP205 (26%). These results provide evidence for the potential of these germplasm lines in breeding for continuing improvement of lint yield and fiber quality. C1 [Zeng, Linghe; Meredith, William R., Jr.; Boykin, Deborah L.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Delta Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Zeng, LH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Delta Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM linghe.zeng@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS [6402-21000-033-00D] FX We thank Dr. Jack McCarty, Crop Science Research Laboratory in Mississippi State, MS, and Dr. Jixiang Wu, College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, South Dakota State University, for reviewing manuscript. This research was founded by USDA-ARS, Project No. 6402-21000-033-00D. NR 36 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 51 IS 1 BP 60 EP 68 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.07.0413 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 695ZG UT WOS:000285411100008 ER PT J AU Skinner, DZ Bellinger, BS AF Skinner, Daniel Z. Bellinger, Brian S. TI Differential Response of Wheat Cultivars to Components of the Freezing Process in Saturated Soil SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COLD-ACCLIMATION; LOW-TEMPERATURE; WINTER-WHEAT; TOLERANCE; SELECTION; EXPOSURE; CEREALS AB Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) is sown in the autumn and harvested the following summer, and therefore must survive subfreezing temperatures for several months. Because of autumn rains and winter snows, the plants usually are subjected to these subfreezing temperatures while growing in saturated soil. As the plants freeze, they are subjected to freezing episodes that may vary in the cooling rate, the minimum temperature, the time at the minimum temperature, and the warming rate as the freezing episode ends. We investigated the impact of each of these freezing process components on the ability of 22 winter wheat cultivars to survive freezing in saturated soil using logistic regression and cluster analyses. The 22 cultivars formed three distinct groups when clustered on the odds ratios associated with the freezing process components. The distinctiveness of the three clusters indicated the cultivars within each cluster responded differently to the freezing process than cultivars in the other clusters. Some cultivars occurred in different clusters but had equal levels of freezing tolerance. We conclude the logistic regression/clustering analysis identified cultivars that differed in the mechanisms used to respond to freezing stress, and that equal levels of freezing tolerance can be attained through these different mechanisms. It may be possible to improve winterhardiness by genetically combining these disparate responses to the freezing process components. C1 [Skinner, Daniel Z.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Skinner, DZ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM dan.skinner@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS [5348-21430-003-00D] FX The authors thank the Washington Crop Improvement Association and Allan Fritz of Kansas State University for providing some of the seed used in this study. This project was supported by USDA-ARS project 5348-21430-003-00D. Mention of product names does not represent an endorsement of any product or company but is given only to clarify the methodology; other products may be equally effective. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 10 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 51 IS 1 BP 69 EP 74 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.05.0286 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 695ZG UT WOS:000285411100009 ER PT J AU Carter, AH Garland-Campbell, K Kidwell, KK AF Carter, A. H. Garland-Campbell, K. Kidwell, K. K. TI Genetic Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Important Agronomic Traits in the Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cross 'Louise' x 'Penawawa' SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID EUROPEAN WINTER WHEATS; BACKCROSS QTL ANALYSIS; GRAIN PROTEIN-CONTENT; BREAD WHEAT; MOLECULAR MARKERS; FLOWERING TIME; DWARFING GENES; STRIPE RUST; YIELD; RESISTANCE AB Understanding the genetic factors underlying agronomic traits in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is essential to making gains from selection during the breeding process. A set of 188 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a 'Louise' x 'Penawawa' mapping population was grown for two crop years at two locations in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with seedling growth habit, leaf color, plant height, flowering date, maturity date, grain volume weight, grain protein content, and grain yield. Quantitative trait loci for flowering date and maturity date were associated with the Ppd-D1 gene for photoperiod insensitivity. Variation in the QTL for plant height was dependent on location and year and localized to chromosome 2D and 3B. A QTL for leaf color was identified on chromosome 2B. Seedling growth habit mapped to chromosome 2D, and a significant QTL for grain volume weight was detected on chromosome 1B. Quantitative trait loci were identified for grain yield; however, some of these QTL were associated with other known QTL for pest resistance, seedling growth habit, or photoperiod insensitivity. Flowering date, maturity date, and plant height were significantly correlated, which resulted from the pleiotropic effects of the Ppd-D1 gene. The identification of agronomic QTL, and the correlations between and among them, is the first step toward making gains from selection using molecular marker-assisted selection for these important agronomic traits. C1 [Carter, A. H.; Kidwell, K. K.] Washington State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Garland-Campbell, K.] USDA, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Carter, AH (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM ahcarter@wsu.edu FU National Research Initiative of USDA's Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2006-55606-16629]; Washington State University FX This research was supported by the National Research Initiative of USDA's Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, CAP Grant No. 2006-55606-16629 and Washington State University. We appreciate Dr. Robert Zemetra from the University of Idaho for allowing us to phenotype the RIL population at the Palouse Research, Extension and Education Center in Moscow, ID. We thank Dr. Jim Holland for providing the SAS code for heritability estimates. We thank Vic DeMacon for assistance in development of the mapping population as well as Gary Shelton for assistance in evaluation of the field trials. NR 60 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 12 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 51 IS 1 BP 84 EP 95 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.03.0185 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 695ZG UT WOS:000285411100011 ER PT J AU Morris, CF Simeone, MC King, GE Lafiandra, D AF Morris, Craig F. Simeone, Marco C. King, G. E. Lafiandra, Domenico TI Transfer of Soft Kernel Texture from Triticum aestivum to Durum Wheat, Triticum turgidum ssp. durum SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DISOMIC SUBSTITUTION LINES; POLYPLOID WHEAT; GRAIN HARDNESS; MOLECULAR-GENETICS; BREAD WHEAT; GENES; PUROINDOLINES; RECOMBINATION; CHROMOSOMES; EXPRESSION AB Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) is a leading cereal grain whose primary use is the production of semolina and pasta. Its rich culinary relationship to humans is related, in part, to its very hard kernel texture. This very hard texture is due to the loss of the Puroindoline genes that were eliminated during the allopolyploid formation of T. turgidum approximately 0.5 million years ago. In the present report, we describe the transfer of the Puroindoline genes through ph1b-mediated homoeologous recombination. Puroindoline a and Puroindoline b were successfully recombined (translocated) from chromosome 5D of the soft wheat (T. aestivum) variety Chinese Spring into cv. Langdon durum using a Langdon 5D(5B) disomic substitution line. Although initial recombination lines were highly unstable, recurrent backcrossing into Svevo durum cultivar produced stable lines that segregated in a normal 1:2:1 soft: heterozygous: very hard ratio. The final backcross (BC(3)) Svevo line produced uniformly soft grain (Single Kernel Characterization System hardness of 24 +/- 14). The transfer of this fundamental grain property to durum wheat will undoubtedly have an expansive and profound effect on the way that durum grain is milled and on the products that are made from it. As such, our interaction with this important food species will continue to evolve. C1 [Morris, Craig F.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Food Sci & Human Nutr Facil E E202, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Simeone, Marco C.; Lafiandra, Domenico] Univ Tuscia, Dep Agrobiol & Agrochem, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. [King, G. E.] Washington State Univ, Dep Food Sci & Human Nutr, Food Sci & Human Nutr Facil E202, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Morris, CF (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Food Sci & Human Nutr Facil E E202, POB 646394, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM morrisc@wsu.edu NR 46 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 13 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 51 IS 1 BP 114 EP 122 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.05.0306 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 695ZG UT WOS:000285411100013 ER PT J AU Soule, M Porter, L Medina, J Santana, GP Blair, MW Miklas, PN AF Soule, Marilyn Porter, Lyndon Medina, Juliana Santana, Gloria P. Blair, Matthew W. Miklas, Phillip N. TI Comparative QTL Map for White Mold Resistance in Common Bean, and Characterization of Partial Resistance in Dry Bean Lines VA19 and I9365-31 SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; BUNSI-DERIVED RESISTANCE; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESISTANCE; GERMPLASM LINE; LINKAGE MAP; REGISTRATION; DISEASE; INHERITANCE; GENE AB White mold caused by the necrotrophic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary limits common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production in temperate climates. Disease resistance has been identified, but breeding is hampered by a paucity of resistance sources and complex inheritance, as numerous quantitative trait loci (QTL) conditioning partial resistance have been found. Our objectives were to characterize the partial white mold resistance found in breeding lines I9365-31 and VA19 and to construct a comparative linkage map for all the white mold resistance QTL identified to date. Recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations 'Benton'/VA19 (BV) and 'Raven'/I9365-31 (R31) consisting of 79 F 6 and 105 F(5) RILs, respectively, were evaluated for white mold (WM) reaction in multiple greenhouse and field tests. Two QTL were found in BV, WM2.2 expressed in the greenhouse (R(2) = 33%) and the field (13%) and WM8.3 expressed in field (11%) only, and seven were found in R31 (WM2.2, WM4.2, WM5.3, WM5.4, WM6.1, WM7.3, WM8.4), three expressed in greenhouse tests and four in the field, ranging in phenotypic variance from 5 to 52%. These QTL were compared with 26 previously identified QTL, resulting in a comparative linkage map of 35 QTL, which coalesced into 21 distinct regions across nine linkage groups. Four QTL found in R31 were novel. Sequence characterized amplified region markers associated with WM2.2, WM8.3, and WM7.3 QTL were generated. The comparative linkage map provides a framework for integrating and interpreting future QTL studies concerning white mold resistance in common bean. C1 [Soule, Marilyn; Porter, Lyndon; Miklas, Phillip N.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crop Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Medina, Juliana; Santana, Gloria P.; Blair, Matthew W.] CIAT, Cali, Colombia. RP Miklas, PN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crop Res Unit, 24106 N Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM phil.miklas@ars.usda.gov NR 56 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 51 IS 1 BP 123 EP 139 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.06.0356 PG 17 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 695ZG UT WOS:000285411100014 ER PT J AU Souza, EJ Guttieri, MJ Sneller, C AF Souza, Edward J. Guttieri, Mary J. Sneller, Clay TI Selecting Soft Wheat Genotypes for Whole Grain Cookies SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SOLVENT RETENTION CAPACITY; BRAN PARTICLE-SIZE; WINTER-WHEAT; QUALITY; FLOUR; BREAD; PERFORMANCE AB Increased consumption of whole grain cereal products has broad health benefits. Using an experimental whole grain flour-milling system, we evaluated soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) winter wheat genotypes in whole grain flour for use in cookies. Grain from 14 soft winter wheat cultivars grown in two locations within two crop years was milled using a short-flow flour mill to produce white flour, and then the bran was ground and reconstituted with a white flour to produce a whole wheat flour for comparison baking. Flour samples were evaluated with the solvent retention capacity (SRC) test and the wire-cut cookie method. Bran fractions were analyzed for water-extractable nonstarch polysaccharides. Whole grain flour cookie diameter could be estimated from the diameter of cookies made with white flour. The best predictive models for whole grain wire-cut cookie performance were based on milling softness equivalent and the whole grain sucrose SRC test. Greater softness equivalents and smaller whole grain sucrose SRC values were predictive of larger cookie diameters. Variation in whole grain cookie diameter and texture was due to total water extractable arabinoxylan and the arabinose: xylose ratio in the bran. Early generation selection for whole grain characteristics can use softness equivalent and cookie quality information from white flour. Yet identification of the lines with uniquely superior whole grain flour quality may require whole grain flour analysis. C1 [Souza, Edward J.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Guttieri, Mary J.; Sneller, Clay] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Souza, EJ (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM Edward.Souza@ars.usda.gov FU Kraft Foods North America; United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service; Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center FX This research was supported by Kraft Foods North America and the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, and the Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center. The authors acknowledge the technical assistance of Amy Bugaj, USDA-ARS. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 13 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 51 IS 1 BP 189 EP 197 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.05.0263 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 695ZG UT WOS:000285411100019 ER PT J AU Tsilo, TJ Hareland, GA Chao, S Anderson, JA AF Tsilo, Toi J. Hareland, Gary A. Chao, Shiaoman Anderson, James A. TI Genetic Mapping and QTL Analysis of Flour Color and Milling Yield Related Traits Using Recombinant Inbred Lines in Hard Red Spring Wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; GRAIN HARDNESS; NOODLE COLOR; BAKING QUALITY; REGISTRATION; PUROINDOLINE; COMPONENTS; MARKERS; RESISTANCE; FRIABILIN AB Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) flour ash content and color are very important properties of flour quality, because they greatly affect the quality of the final product. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) influencing flour color and milling properties of hard red spring wheat were mapped on a genetic linkage map comprised of 531 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) marker loci. Composite interval mapping with 139 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was used to identify QTL within and across three field environments. Twenty-eight QTL influenced flour color and milling properties and were mapped on 11 wheat chromosomes. Quantitative trait loci clusters were identified on six chromosomes: 1A, 1B, 5A, 5B, 5D, and 7B. The marker Xbarc130 that is near the hardness locus on chromosome 5D was linked to five QTL influencing multiple traits. These six QTL clusters explained a substantial variation in flour color and milling properties, including those traits that were correlated. These results aid our understanding of the genetic basis of these traits. The marker loci linked to these QTL may be useful in increasing the frequency of desirable alleles during the early generations of breeding populations. C1 [Tsilo, Toi J.; Anderson, James A.] Univ Minnesota, Dep Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Hareland, Gary A.] USDA ARS, Wheat Qual Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Chao, Shiaoman] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Anderson, JA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dep Agron & Plant Genet, 411 Borlaug Hall, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM ander319@umn.edu RI Tsilo, Toi/G-5088-2011 FU Minnesota Annual Conference of the United Methodist Church; Compton International fellowship; Agricultural Research Council of South Africa; U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; National Research Initiative of USDA's Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service [2006-55606-16629] FX For countless hours of labor for milling the grains, the authors wish to thank the dedicated team of USDA-ARS personnel Dale Hanson, Dehdra Puhr, and Jadene Wear. The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of this work by the Minnesota Annual Conference of the United Methodist Church, the Compton International fellowship, Agricultural Research Council of South Africa, the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, and the National Research Initiative of USDA's Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, CAP Grant No. 2006-55606-16629. NR 41 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 51 IS 1 BP 237 EP 246 DI 10.2135/cropsci2009.12.0711 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 695ZG UT WOS:000285411100025 ER PT J AU Bilyeu, K Gillman, JD LeRoy, AR AF Bilyeu, Kristin Gillman, Jason D. LeRoy, Allen R. TI Novel FAD3 Mutant Allele Combinations Produce Soybeans Containing 1% Linolenic Acid in the Seed Oil SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GMFAD3A MUTATION; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; LINE RG10; INHERITANCE AB Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil typically contains about 7% of linolenic acid, an oxidatively unstable fatty acid that is undesirable for many food applications. For cooking oil, reduction of the linolenic acid content by partial hydrogenation produces trans fatty acids, which are now known to increase the risk of coronary heart disease. Genetic reduction of linolenic acid was achieved decades ago, and recently the molecular genetic basis for both 3% and 1% linolenic acid soybean germplasm was revealed to be combinations of mutations in three independent members of the soybean omega-3 fatty acid desaturase (FAD3) genes that corresponded to the fan1, fan2, and fan3 loci. When the mutant GmFAD3A and GmFAD3C genes are found in combination in the breeding line CX1512-44, the linolenic acid content is reduced to approximately 3% of the of the seed oil. When the mutant GmFAD3A and GmFAD3B genes are in combination in the breeding line RG-10, a similar fatty acid profile is produced with approximately 3% linolenic acid. The objective of this work was to determine the ability of different combinations of mutant FAD3 alleles from CX1512-44 and an RG-10-derived soybean line to produce less than 3% linolenic acid in the seed oil. The results indicated that novel combinations of mutations in the three FAD3 genes are capable of producing soybean seeds containing only 1% linolenic acid in the seed oil. C1 [Bilyeu, Kristin; Gillman, Jason D.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [LeRoy, Allen R.] Purdue Univ, Dep Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Bilyeu, K (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, 110 Waters Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM BilyeuK@missouri.edu NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 51 IS 1 BP 259 EP 264 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.01.0044 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 695ZG UT WOS:000285411100027 ER PT J AU Israel, DW Taliercio, E Kwanyuen, P Burton, JW Dean, L AF Israel, Daniel W. Taliercio, Earl Kwanyuen, Prachuab Burton, Joseph W. Dean, Lisa TI Inositol Metabolism in Developing Seed of Low and Normal Phytic Acid Soybean Lines SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PHYTATE; PHOSPHORUS; MYOINOSITOL; MUTATION; MAIZE; BIOSYNTHESIS; KINASE AB While inositol has key roles in phytic acid and raffinosaccharide synthesis, its concentration in developing seed of low phytic acid soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] lines derived from CX1834 (Wilcox et al., 2000) has not been compared to that of normal lines. Concentrations of metabolites in the phytic acid and raffinosaccharide biosynthesis have been measured in mature seed of CX1834-derived lines but not throughout seed development. Our objective was to compare concentrations of inositol and metabolites associated with phytic acid and raffinosaccharide synthesis in developing seed of CX1834-derived and normal lines. Plants were cultured with complete nutrient solutions in growth chambers with 650 to 700 mu mol m(-2) s(-1) of photosynthetically active radiation and a 26/22 degrees C day/night temperature. Seed inositol concentrations were high (60 to 90 mmol kg(-1) seed dry wt.) at 20 d after flowering (DAF) and decreased 95% by maturity in both normal and low phytic acid lines. In two of three experiments, low phytic acid lines had significantly (p <= 0.05) greater seed inositol concentrations than normal lines at the first two sampling dates, but differences at maturity were not significant. Seeds of low phytic acid and normal lines had statistically similar concentrations (p > 0.05) of partially phosphorylated inositol intermediate (inositol triphosphate [IP3]), stachyose, raffinose, and phytase activity throughout development. These results corroborate previous studies that ruled out defects in genes coding myo-inositol-1-P synthase, inositol kinases, and phytase as the basis for the low seed phytic acid trait in CX1834-derived lines. C1 [Taliercio, Earl; Kwanyuen, Prachuab; Burton, Joseph W.] ARS, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. [Israel, Daniel W.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Dean, Lisa] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Burton, JW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 3127 Ligon St, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. EM Joseph.Burton@ars.usda.gov RI Dean, Lisa/B-1463-2015 OI Dean, Lisa/0000-0002-2407-9548 FU United Soybean Board FX We thank Dr. Roger Boerma for providing soybean genotypes used in these experiments, Ms. Telisa Loveless for technical assistance with carbohydrate extractions, Ms. Peggy Longmire for determining seed phosphate concentrations, and Dr. Janet Shurtleff and the staff of the North Carolina State University Phytotron for assistance with maintenance of growth chambers and daily care of plants. The financial support of the United Soybean Board for portions of this project is gratefully acknowledged. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 9 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 51 IS 1 BP 282 EP 289 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.03.0123 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 695ZG UT WOS:000285411100030 ER PT J AU Engeman, R Jacobson, E Avery, ML Meshaka, WE AF Engeman, Richard Jacobson, Elliott Avery, Michael L. Meshaka, Walter E., Jr. TI The aggressive invasion of exotic reptiles in Florida with a focus on prominent species: A review SO CURRENT ZOOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Argentine black and white tegus; Biophysical ecology; Burmese pythons; Control; Green and spiny-tailed iguanas; Invasive species; Nile monitors; Northern curlytail lizards ID NORTHERN CURLYTAIL LIZARD; LEIOCEPHALUS-CARINATUS-ARMOURI; PYTHON-MOLURUS-BIVITTATUS; UNITED-STATES; CTENOSAURA-SIMILIS; BURMESE PYTHONS; VARANUS-NILOTICUS; PREY POPULATIONS; IGUANA-IGUANA; MANAGEMENT AB Florida, along with Hawaii, has among the two worst invasive species problems in the USA, and the state is especially susceptible to establishment by alien reptiles. Besides the large numbers of established non-native reptile species in Florida, many of these species present novel difficulties for management, or have other characteristics making effective management extremely challenging. Moreover, initiation of management action requires more than recognition by experts that a potentially harmful species has become established. It also requires the political will along with concomitant resources and appropriate personnel to develop effective methods and apply them. We review the situation in Florida, including assessment of risk for establishment, and we use a subset of prominent species to illustrate in more detail the array of invasive reptile species circumstances in Florida, including routes of introduction, impacts, and potential and implemented management actions. These examples not only highlight the severity of the invasive reptile problems in the state, but they also show the diversity in resolve and response towards them and the motivating factors [Current Zoology 57 (5): 599-612, 2011]. C1 [Engeman, Richard] USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Jacobson, Elliott] Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Avery, Michael L.] USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA. [Meshaka, Walter E., Jr.] State Museum Pennsylvania, Harrisburg, PA 17120 USA. RP Engeman, R (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM richard.m.engeman@aphis.usda.gov NR 109 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 15 U2 137 PU CURRENT ZOOLOGY PI BEIJING PA CHINESE ACAD SCIENCES, INST ZOOLOGY, BEICHEN XILU, CHAOYANG DISTRICT, BEIJING, 100101, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-5507 J9 CURR ZOOL JI Curr. Zool. PY 2011 VL 57 IS 5 BP 599 EP 612 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 800EX UT WOS:000293343700005 ER PT J AU Avery, ML Eisemann, JD Keacher, KL Savarie, PJ AF Avery, Michael L. Eisemann, John D. Keacher, Kandy L. Savarie, Peter J. TI Acetaminophen and zinc phosphide for lethal management of invasive lizards Ctenosaura similis SO CURRENT ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acetaminophen; Black spiny-tailed iguana; Ctenosaura similis; Florida; Invasive; Zinc phosphide ID BOIGA-IRREGULARIS; BROWN TREESNAKES; SNAKE AB Reducing populations of invasive lizards through trapping and shooting is feasible in many cases but effective integrated management relies on a variety of tools, including toxicants. In Florida, using wild-caught non-native black spiny-tailed iguanas Ctenosaura similis, we screened acetaminophen and zinc phosphide to determine their suitability for effective population management of this prolific invasive species. Of the animals that received acetaminophen, none died except at the highest test dose, 240 mg per lizard, which is not practical for field use. Zinc phosphide produced 100% mortality at dose levels as little as 25 mg per lizard, equivalent to about 0.5% in bait which is lower than currently used in commercial baits for commensal rodent control. We conclude that zinc phosphide has potential as a useful tool for reducing populations of invasive lizards such as the black spiny-tailed iguana provided target-selective delivery methods are developed [Current Zoology 57 (5): 625-629, 2011]. C1 [Avery, Michael L.; Keacher, Kandy L.] USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Florida Field Stn, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA. [Eisemann, John D.; Savarie, Peter J.] USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80225 USA. RP Avery, ML (reprint author), USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Florida Field Stn, 2820 E Univ Ave, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA. EM Michael.L.Avery@aphis.usda.gov NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 10 PU CURRENT ZOOLOGY PI BEIJING PA CHINESE ACAD SCIENCES, INST ZOOLOGY, BEICHEN XILU, CHAOYANG DISTRICT, BEIJING, 100101, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-5507 J9 CURR ZOOL JI Curr. Zool. PY 2011 VL 57 IS 5 BP 625 EP 629 PG 5 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 800EX UT WOS:000293343700007 ER PT J AU Dodgson, JB Delany, ME Cheng, HH AF Dodgson, J. B. Delany, M. E. Cheng, H. H. TI Poultry Genome Sequences: Progress and Outstanding Challenges SO CYTOGENETIC AND GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE BAC contig map; Comparative genome map; Copy number variation; Genome sequence; Genome-wide marker-assisted selection; Single nucleotide polymorphism ID CHICKEN GENOME; GENETIC DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION; POLYMORPHISMS; TRANSCRIPTOME; VERTEBRATES; EXPRESSION; MAMMALS; REGION; MAP AB The first build of the chicken genome sequence appeared in March, 2004 - the first genome sequence of any animal agriculture species. That sequence was done primarily by whole genome shotgun Sanger sequencing, along with the use of an extensive BAC contig-based physical map to assemble the sequence contigs and scaffolds and align them to the known chicken chromosomes and linkage groups. Subsequent sequencing and mapping efforts have improved upon that first build, and efforts continue in search of missing and/or unassembled sequence, primarily on the smaller microchromosomes and the sex chromosomes. In the past year, a draft turkey genome sequence of similar quality has been obtained at a much lower cost primarily due to the development of 'next-generation' sequencing techniques. However, assembly and alignment of the sequence contigs and scaffolds still depended on a detailed BAC contig map of the turkey genome that also utilized comparison to the existing chicken sequence. These 2 land fowl (Galli-formes) genomes show a remarkable level of similarity, despite an estimated 30-40 million years of separate evolution since their last common ancestor. Among the advantages offered by these sequences are routine re-sequencing of commercial and research lines to identify the genetic correlates of phenotypic change (for example, selective sweeps), a much improved understanding of poultry diversity and linkage disequilibrium, and access to high-density SNP typing and association analysis, detailed transcriptomic and proteomic studies, and the use of genome-wide marker-assisted selection to enhance genetic gain in commercial stocks. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Dodgson, J. B.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Delany, M. E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cheng, H. H.] USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Dodgson, JB (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, 2209 Biomed & Phys Sci Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM dodgson@msu.edu FU USDA National Institute for Food and Agriculture [AFRI 2008-35205-18720]; USDA National Institute for Food and Agriculture (Multi-State Research Committee) FX Research support was provided by the USDA National Institute for Food and Agriculture (AFRI 2008-35205-18720 and Multi-State Research Committee NRSP-8). NR 47 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 7 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8581 J9 CYTOGENET GENOME RES JI Cytogenet. Genome Res. PY 2011 VL 134 IS 1 BP 19 EP 26 DI 10.1159/000324413 PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 752VX UT WOS:000289724700003 PM 21335957 ER PT J AU Friebe, B Qi, LL Liu, C Gill, BS AF Friebe, B. Qi, L. L. Liu, C. Gill, B. S. TI Genetic Compensation Abilities of Aegilops speltoides Chromosomes for Homoeologous B-Genome Chromosomes of Polyploid Wheat in Disomic S(B) Chromosome Substitution Lines SO CYTOGENETIC AND GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Aegilops speltoides; Karyotype evolution; Triticum aestivum ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; COMMON WHEAT; STANDARD KARYOTYPE; GAMETOCIDAL GENES; ORIGIN; DIFFERENTIATION; EVOLUTION; CYTOPLASM; RELATIVES AB The S genome of Aegilops speltoides is closely related to the B and G genomes of polyploid wheats. However, little work has been reported on the genetic relationships between the S-genome and B-genome chromosomes of polyploid wheat. Here, we report the isolation of a set of disomic substitutions (DS) of S-genome chromosomes for the B-genome chromosomes and their effects on gametophytic and sporophytic development. Ae. speltoides chromosomes were identified by their distinct C-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization patterns with the Ae. speltoides -derived clone pGc1R-1. Although no large structural differences between S-genome and B-genome chromosomes exist, significant differences in gametophytic compensation were observed for chromosomes 1S, 3S, 5S and 6S. Similarly, chromosomes 1S, 2S, 4S, 5S and 6S affected certain aspects of sporophytic development in relation to spike morphology, fertility and meiotic pairing. The DS5S(5B) had disturbed meiosis with univalents/multivalents and suffered chromosome elimination in the germ tissues leading to haploid spikes in 50% of the plants. The effect of the Ph1 gene on meiosis is well known, and these results provide evidence for the role of Ph1 in the maintenance of polyploid genome integrity. These and other data are discussed in relation to the structural and functional differentiation of S-and B-genome chromosomes and the practical utility of the stocks in wheat improvement. Copyright (c) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Friebe, B.; Gill, B. S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Wheat Genet & Genom Resources Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Qi, L. L.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Liu, C.] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Sch Life Sci & Technol, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China. RP Friebe, B (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Wheat Genet & Genom Resources Ctr, Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM friebe@ksu.edu FU Kansas Wheat Commission; Kansas Crop Improvement Association; USDA FX We thank John Raupp for editorial assistance and Duane Wilson for excellent technical help. This research was supported by grants from the Kansas Wheat Commission, the Kansas Crop Improvement Association, a special USDA-CSREES grant to the Wheat Genetic and Genomic Resources Center. This paper is contribution number 11-195-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 665065502. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8581 J9 CYTOGENET GENOME RES JI Cytogenet. Genome Res. PY 2011 VL 134 IS 2 BP 144 EP 150 DI 10.1159/000326764 PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 760DV UT WOS:000290305100010 PM 21555879 ER PT J AU Baenziger, PS Dweikat, I Gill, K Eskridge, K Berke, T Shah, M Campbell, BT Ali, ML Mengistu, N Mahmood, A Auvuchanon, A Yen, Y Rustgi, S Moreno-Sevilla, B Mujeeb-Kazi, A Morris, MR AF Baenziger, P. S. Dweikat, I. Gill, K. Eskridge, K. Berke, T. Shah, M. Campbell, B. T. Ali, M. L. Mengistu, N. Mahmood, A. Auvuchanon, A. Yen, Y. Rustgi, S. Moreno-Sevilla, B. Mujeeb-Kazi, A. Morris, M. R. TI Understanding Grain Yield: It Is a Journey, Not a Destination SO CZECH JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Article DE breeding; genetics; molecular markers; Triticum aestivum L.; wheat ID RECIPROCAL CHROMOSOME SUBSTITUTIONS; AGRONOMIC TRAITS; COMPLEX TRAITS; BREAD WHEAT; 3A; LINES; PERFORMANCE; GENOTYPE; LOCATION; LOCI AB Approximately 20 years ago, we began our efforts to understand grain yield in winter wheat using chromosome substitution lines between Cheyenne (CNN) and Wichita (WI). We found that two chromosome substitutions, 3A and 6A, greatly affected grain yield. CNN(WI3A) and CNN(WI6A) had 15 to 20% higher grain yield than CNN, whereas WI(CNN3A) and WI(CNN6A) had 15 to 20% lower grain yield than WI. The differences in grain yield are mainly expressed in higher yielding environments (e.g. eastern Nebraska) indicating genotype by environment interactions (G x E). In studies using hybrid wheat, the gene action for grain yield on these chromosomes was found to be mainly controlled by additive gene action. In subsequent studies, we developed recombinant inbred chromosome lines (RICLs) using monosomics or doubled haploids. In extensive studies we found that two regions on 3A affect grain yield in the CNN(RICLs-3A) with the positive QTL coming from WI. In WI(RICLs-3A), we found a main region on 3A that affected grain yield with the negative QTL coming from CNN. The 3A region identified using WI(RICLs-3A) coincided with one of the regions previously identified in CNN(RICLs-3A). As expected the QTLs have their greatest effect in higher-yielding environments and also exhibit QTL x E. Using molecular markers on chromosomes 3A and 6A, the favorable alleles on 3A in Wichita may be from Turkey Red, the original hard red winter wheat in the Great Plains and presumably the original source of the favorable alleles. Cheyenne, a selection from Crimea, did not have the favorable alleles. In studying modern cultivars, many high yielding cultivars adapted to eastern Nebraska have the WI-allele indicating that it was selected for in breeding higher yielding cultivars. However, some modern cultivars adapted to western Nebraska where the QTL has less effect retain the CNN-allele, presumably because the allele has less effect (is less important in improving grain yield). In addition many modern cultivars have neither the WI-allele, nor the CNN-allele indicating we have diversified our germplasm and new alleles have been brought into the breeding program in this region. C1 [Baenziger, P. S.; Dweikat, I.; Eskridge, K.; Mengistu, N.; Auvuchanon, A.; Morris, M. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Gill, K.; Rustgi, S.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Berke, T.] Monsanto Vegetable Seeds, Woodland, CA 95695 USA. [Shah, M.] COMSATS Inst Informat Technol, Dept Environm Sci, Biotechnol Program, Abbottabad, Pakistan. [Campbell, B. T.] USDA ARS, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Ali, M. L.] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Mahmood, A.] Barani Agr Res Inst, Chakwal 48800, Pakistan. [Yen, Y.] S Dakota State Univ, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Moreno-Sevilla, B.] Westbred, Lafayette, IN 47909 USA. [Mujeeb-Kazi, A.] Natl Inst Biotechnol & Genet Engn, Faisalabad, Pakistan. RP Baenziger, PS (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM pbaenziger1@unl.edu RI Baenziger, Peter/C-6490-2014 OI Baenziger, Peter/0000-0002-9109-6954 FU Hatch [NEB-22-328]; Nebraska Wheat Board; NRICGP [00-353000-9266, 2004-35300-1470, 2007-51300-0375]; USDA [59-0790-4-092]; CSREES NRICAP [2006-55606-16629]; U.S. Wheat & Barley Scab Initiative [59-0790-4-092] FX Partial funding for P.S. BAENZIGER is from Hatch Project NEB-22-328, the Nebraska Wheat Board, NRICGP 00-353000-9266, 2004-35300-1470, and 2007-51300-0375, USDA, CSREES NRICAP Grant No. 2006-55606-16629, and USDA under Agreement No. 59-0790-4-092 which is a cooperative project with the U.S. Wheat & Barley Scab Initiative. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CZECH ACAD AGRIC SCI PI PRAGUE PA TESNOV 17, PRAGUE, 00000, CZECH REPUBLIC SN 1212-1975 J9 CZECH J GENET PLANT JI Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed. PY 2011 VL 47 SI SI BP S77 EP S84 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 855AQ UT WOS:000297536300014 ER PT J AU Goodwin, SB Thompson, I AF Goodwin, S. B. Thompson, I. TI Development of Isogenic Lines for Resistance to Septoria Tritici Blotch in Wheat SO CZECH JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Article DE marker-assisted selection; molecular markers; Mycosphaerella graminicola; STB ID MYCOSPHAERELLA-GRAMINICOLA; CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION; GENE; IDENTIFICATION; CULTIVARS; ISOLATE AB Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the fungus Mycosphaerella graminicola (asexual stage: Septoria tritici), is one of the most economically important diseases of wheat worldwide. During the past decade 13 genes for resistance to STB have been identified and several molecular markers have been developed. However, analysis of resistance gene expression and utility for plant improvement programs would be increased if the resistance genes were isolated in a common susceptible background. To address this problem, a program was begun to backcross resistance genes Stb1-8 into two susceptible wheat cultivars. Work with genes Stb2, Stb3, Stb6 and Stb8 has proceeded the farthest. Resistance gene Stb3 is dominant, while Stb2 may be recessive. This will be the first report of recessive resistance to STB if confirmed. Molecular markers linked to the resistance genes are being validated in the backcross progeny and should provide the materials for efficient introgression of these genes into elite germplasm for future wheat improvement. C1 [Goodwin, S. B.; Thompson, I.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Goodwin, SB (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM sgoodwin@purdue.edu FU USDA [3602-22000-015-00D] FX This work was supported by USDA CRIS Project 3602-22000-015-00D. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU CZECH ACAD AGRIC SCI PI PRAGUE PA TESNOV 17, PRAGUE, 00000, CZECH REPUBLIC SN 1212-1975 J9 CZECH J GENET PLANT JI Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed. PY 2011 VL 47 SI SI BP S98 EP S101 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 855AQ UT WOS:000297536300017 ER PT J AU Tsilo, TJ Ohm, JB Hareland, GA Chao, S Anderson, JA AF Tsilo, T. J. Ohm, J-B Hareland, G. A. Chao, S. Anderson, J. A. TI Quantitative Trait Loci Influencing Endosperm Proteins and End-use Quality Traits of Hard Red Spring Wheat Breeding Lines SO CZECH JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Article DE quantitative trait locus; wheat quality ID CROSS AB Wheat bread-making quality is influenced by a complex group of traits including dough visco-elastic characteristics. In this study, quantitative trait locus/loci (QTL) mapping and analysis were conducted for endosperm polymeric proteins together with dough mixing strength and bread-making properties in a population of 139 (MN98550 x MN99394) recombinant inbred lines that was evaluated at three environments in 2006. Eleven chromosome regions were associated with endosperm polymeric proteins, explaining 4.2-31.8% of the phenotypic variation. Most of these polymeric proteins QTL coincided with several QTL for dough-mixing strength and bread-making properties. Major QTL clusters were associated with the low-molecular weight glutenin gene Glu-A3, the two high-molecular weight glutenin genes Glu-B1 and Glu-D1, and two regions on chromosome 6D. Alleles at these QTL clusters have previously been proven useful for wheat quality except one of the 6D QTL clusters. C1 [Tsilo, T. J.; Anderson, J. A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Tsilo, T. J.] Small Grain Inst, Agr Res Council, ZA-9700 Bethlehem, South Africa. [Ohm, J-B; Hareland, G. A.; Chao, S.] ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Red River Valley Res Ctr, USDA, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Tsilo, TJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM tsilot@arc.agric.za RI Tsilo, Toi/G-5088-2011 NR 12 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 3 PU CZECH ACAD AGRIC SCI PI PRAGUE PA TESNOV 17, PRAGUE, 00000, CZECH REPUBLIC SN 1212-1975 J9 CZECH J GENET PLANT JI Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed. PY 2011 VL 47 SI SI BP S190 EP S195 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 855AQ UT WOS:000297536300034 ER PT J AU Green, JM Harnsomburana, J Schaeffer, ML Lawrence, CJ Shyu, CR AF Green, Jason M. Harnsomburana, Jaturon Schaeffer, Mary L. Lawrence, Carolyn J. Shyu, Chi-Ren TI Multi-source and ontology-based retrieval engine for maize mutant phenotypes SO DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION LA English DT Article ID RESOURCE; BIOLOGY AB Model Organism Databases, including the various plant genome databases, collect and enable access to massive amounts of heterogeneous information, including sequence data, gene product information, images of mutant phenotypes, etc, as well as textual descriptions of many of these entities. While a variety of basic browsing and search capabilities are available to allow researchers to query and peruse the names and attributes of phenotypic data, next-generation search mechanisms that allow querying and ranking of text descriptions are much less common. In addition, the plant community needs an innovative way to leverage the existing links in these databases to search groups of text descriptions simultaneously. Furthermore, though much time and effort have been afforded to the development of plant-related ontologies, the knowledge embedded in these ontologies remains largely unused in available plant search mechanisms. Addressing these issues, we have developed a unique search engine for mutant phenotypes from MaizeGDB. This advanced search mechanism integrates various text description sources in MaizeGDB to aid a user in retrieving desired mutant phenotype information. Currently, descriptions of mutant phenotypes, loci and gene products are utilized collectively for each search, though expansion of the search mechanism to include other sources is straightforward. The retrieval engine, to our knowledge, is the first engine to exploit the content and structure of available domain ontologies, currently the Plant and Gene Ontologies, to expand and enrich retrieval results in major plant genomic databases. C1 [Green, Jason M.; Harnsomburana, Jaturon; Shyu, Chi-Ren] Univ Missouri, Dept Comp Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Schaeffer, Mary L.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO USA. [Schaeffer, Mary L.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO USA. [Lawrence, Carolyn J.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA USA. [Shyu, Chi-Ren] Univ Missouri, Inst Informat, Columbia, MO USA. RP Shyu, CR (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Comp Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM shyuc@missouri.edu FU National Science Foundation [DBI-0447794]; National Library of Medicine (NLM) Bioinformatics and Health Informatics Training (BHIRT) [2T15LM007089-17]; Shumaker Endowment for Bioinformatics FX National Science Foundation (DBI-0447794) and the National Library of Medicine (NLM) Bioinformatics and Health Informatics Training (BHIRT) (2T15LM007089-17 to J.G.). Funding for open access charge: Shumaker Endowment for Bioinformatics. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1758-0463 J9 DATABASE-OXFORD JI Database PY 2011 AR bar012 DI 10.1093/database/bar012 PG 15 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 883JQ UT WOS:000299630600015 ER PT J AU Harper, LC Schaeffer, ML Thistle, J Gardiner, JM Andorf, CM Campbell, DA Cannon, EKS Braun, BL Birkett, SM Lawrence, CJ Sen, TZ AF Harper, Lisa C. Schaeffer, Mary L. Thistle, Jordan Gardiner, Jack M. Andorf, Carson M. Campbell, Darwin A. Cannon, Ethalinda K. S. Braun, Bremen L. Birkett, Scott M. Lawrence, Carolyn J. Sen, Taner Z. TI The MaizeGDB Genome Browser tutorial: one example of database outreach to biologists via video SO DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION LA English DT Article ID INFORMATION; TOOL; MAP AB Video tutorials are an effective way for researchers to quickly learn how to use online tools offered by biological databases. At MaizeGDB, we have developed a number of video tutorials that demonstrate how to use various tools and explicitly outline the caveats researchers should know to interpret the information available to them. One such popular video currently available is 'Using the MaizeGDB Genome Browser', which describes how the maize genome was sequenced and assembled as well as how the sequence can be visualized and interacted with via the MaizeGDB Genome Browser. C1 [Harper, Lisa C.] USDA ARS Plant Gene Express Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Harper, Lisa C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schaeffer, Mary L.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Schaeffer, Mary L.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Thistle, Jordan; Gardiner, Jack M.; Cannon, Ethalinda K. S.; Birkett, Scott M.; Lawrence, Carolyn J.; Sen, Taner Z.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Gardiner, Jack M.] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Andorf, Carson M.; Campbell, Darwin A.; Braun, Bremen L.; Lawrence, Carolyn J.; Sen, Taner Z.] USDA ARS Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Harper, LC (reprint author), USDA ARS Plant Gene Express Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM ligule@berkeley.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; National Science Foundation [0743804, 0703273, 0965380]; POPcorn (NSF) [0734804]; Grass Regulome Initiative (NSF) [0701405]; Center for Maize and Wheat Improvement (CIMMYT/USAID) FX This work is supported by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service and National Science Foundation grants #0743804 and #0703273. Additional support is provided to C.J.L. and T.Z.S. through; POPcorn, A Project Portal for Corn (C. Lawrence PI, NSF Award #0734804) as well as to C.J.L. via The Grass Regulome Initiative (E. Grotewold PI, NSF Award #0701405); The UniformMu Project (D. McCarty PI, NSF award #0703273), The Improving Water Acquisition in Maize Project (J. Lynch PI, NSF award #0965380); and The Center for Maize and Wheat Improvement (CIMMYT/USAID). NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1758-0463 J9 DATABASE-OXFORD JI Database PY 2011 AR bar016 DI 10.1093/database/bar016 PG 7 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 883JQ UT WOS:000299630600018 ER PT J AU Schaeffer, ML Harper, LC Gardiner, JM Andorf, CM Campbell, DA Cannon, EKS Sen, TZ Lawrence, CJ AF Schaeffer, Mary L. Harper, Lisa C. Gardiner, Jack M. Andorf, Carson M. Campbell, Darwin A. Cannon, Ethalinda K. S. Sen, Taner Z. Lawrence, Carolyn J. TI MaizeGDB: curation and outreach go hand-in-hand SO DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL GENE-EXPRESSION; SHOOT APICAL MERISTEM; COMMUNITY RESOURCE; GENOMICS DATABASE; INBRED LINES; TOOL; IDENTIFICATION; INFORMATION; ANNOTATION; POTENTIALS AB First released in 1991 with the name MaizeDB, the Maize Genetics and Genomics Database, now MaizeGDB, celebrates its 20th anniversary this year. MaizeGDB has transitioned from a focus on comprehensive curation of the literature, genetic maps and stocks to a paradigm that accommodates the recent release of a reference maize genome sequence, multiple diverse maize genomes and sequence-based gene expression data sets. The MaizeGDB Team is relatively small, and relies heavily on the research community to provide data, nomenclature standards and most importantly, to recommend future directions, priorities and strategies. Key aspects of MaizeGDB's intimate interaction with the community are the co-location of curators with maize research groups in multiple locations across the USA as well as coordination with MaizeGDB's close partner, the Maize Genetics Cooperation-Stock Center. In this report, we describe how the MaizeGDB Team currently interacts with the maize research community and our plan for future interactions that will support updates to the functional and structural annotation of the B73 reference genome. C1 [Schaeffer, Mary L.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Schaeffer, Mary L.] Univ Missouri, Dept Agron, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Harper, Lisa C.] USDA ARS Plant Gene Express Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Harper, Lisa C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gardiner, Jack M.] Univ Arizona, Dept Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Gardiner, Jack M.; Cannon, Ethalinda K. S.; Sen, Taner Z.; Lawrence, Carolyn J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Andorf, Carson M.; Campbell, Darwin A.; Sen, Taner Z.; Lawrence, Carolyn J.] USDA ARS Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Schaeffer, ML (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM mary.schaeffer@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service [3625-21000-051-00, 3622-21000-034-00]; National Science Foundation [DBI 0734804, IOS 0701405, IOS 0703273, IOS 0965380]; Center for Maize and Wheat Improvement; United States Agency for international Development FX United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (project numbers 3625-21000-051-00, 3622-21000-034-00); the National Science Foundation (grant numbers DBI 0734804, IOS 0701405, IOS 0703273, IOS 0965380); The Center for Maize and Wheat Improvement; United States Agency for international Development. Funding for open access charge: United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (project number 3622-21000-034-00). NR 59 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1758-0463 J9 DATABASE-OXFORD JI Database PY 2011 AR bar022 DI 10.1093/database/bar022 PG 7 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 883JQ UT WOS:000299630600024 ER PT B AU Schmallegger, D Harwood, S Cerveny, L Muller, D AF Schmallegger, Doris Harwood, Sharon Cerveny, Lee Muller, Dieter BE Carson, D Rasmussen, RO Ensign, P Huskey, L Taylor, A TI Tourist Populations and Local Capital SO DEMOGRAPHY AT THE EDGE: REMOTE HUMAN POPULATIONS IN DEVELOPED NATIONS SE International Population Studies LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Schmallegger, Doris] James Cook Univ, Cairns, Australia. [Schmallegger, Doris] Charles Darwin Univ, Sch Social Policy & Res, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia. [Harwood, Sharon] Charles Darwin Univ, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia. [Cerveny, Lee] US Forest Serv, Seattle, WA USA. [Cerveny, Lee] Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Muller, Dieter] Umea Univ, Social & Econ Geog, S-90187 Umea, Sweden. RP Schmallegger, D (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Cairns, Australia. OI harwood, sharon/0000-0001-7976-1635 NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASHGATE PUBLISHING LTD PI ALDERSHOT PA GOWER HOUSE, CROFT ROAD, ALDERSHOT GU11 3HR, ENGLAND BN 978-0-7546-9915-6; 978-0-7546-7962-2 J9 INT POP STUD PY 2011 BP 271 EP 288 PG 18 WC Demography SC Demography GA BC6EE UT WOS:000353829300015 ER PT J AU Sekhar, RV McKay, SV Patel, SG Guthikonda, AP Reddy, VT Balasubramanyam, A Jahoor, F AF Sekhar, Rajagopal V. McKay, Siripoom V. Patel, Sanjeet G. Guthikonda, Anuradha P. Reddy, Vasumathi T. Balasubramanyam, Ashok Jahoor, Farook TI Glutathione Synthesis Is Diminished in Patients With Uncontrolled Diabetes and Restored by Dietary Supplementation With Cysteine and Glycine SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID ANTIOXIDANT STATUS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; MELLITUS; COMPLICATIONS; PROTEIN; ADULTS; METABOLISM; RATS AB OBJECTIVE- Sustained hyperglycemia is associated with low cellular levels of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH), which leads to tissue damage attributed to oxidative stress. We tested the hypothesis that diminished GSH in adult patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes is attributed to decreased synthesis and measured the effect of dietary supplementation with its precursors cysteine and glycine on GSH synthesis rate and oxidative stress. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS- We infused 12 diabetic patients and 12 nondiabetic control subjects with [(2)H(2)]-glycine to measure GSH synthesis. We also measured intracellular GSH concentrations, reactive oxygen metabolites, and lipid peroxides. Diabetic patients were restudied after 2 weeks of dietary supplementation with the GSH precursors cysteine and glycine. RESULTS- Compared with control subjects, diabetic subjects had significantly higher fasting glucose (5.0 +/- 0.1 vs. 10.7 +/- 0.5 mmol/l; P < 0.001), lower erythrocyte concentrations of glycine (514.7 +/- 33.1 vs. 403.2 +/- 18.2 mu mol/l; P < 0.01), and cysteine (25.2 +/- 1.5 vs. 17.8 +/- 1.5 mu mol/l; P < 0.01); lower concentrations of GSH (6.75 +/- 0.47 vs. 1.65 +/- 0.16 mu mol/g Hb; P < 0.001); diminished fractional (79.21 +/- 5.75 vs. 44.86 +/- 2.87%/day; P < 0.001) and absolute (5.26 +/- 0.61 vs. 0.74 +/- 0.10 mu mol/g Hb/day; P < 0.001) GSH synthesis rates; and higher reactive oxygen metabolites (286 +/- 10 vs. 403 +/- 11 Carratelli units [UCarr]; P < 0.001) and lipid peroxides (2.6 +/- 0.4 vs. 10.8 +/- 1.2 pg/ml; P < 0.001). Following dietary supplementation in diabetic subjects, GSH synthesis and concentrations increased significantly and plasma oxidative stress and lipid peroxides decreased significantly. CONCLUSIONS- Patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes have severely deficient synthesis of glutathione attributed to limited precursor availability. Dietary supplementation with GSH precursor amino acids can restore GSH synthesis and lower oxidative stress and oxidant damage in the face of persistent hyperglycemia. C1 [Sekhar, Rajagopal V.; Patel, Sanjeet G.; Guthikonda, Anuradha P.; Reddy, Vasumathi T.; Balasubramanyam, Ashok] Baylor Coll Med, Translat Metab Unit, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Sekhar, Rajagopal V.; Patel, Sanjeet G.; Guthikonda, Anuradha P.; Reddy, Vasumathi T.; Balasubramanyam, Ashok] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [McKay, Siripoom V.; Jahoor, Farook] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [McKay, Siripoom V.; Jahoor, Farook] ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. RP Sekhar, RV (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Translat Metab Unit, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM rsekhar@bcm.edu FU Atlantic Philanthropies; John A. Hartford Foundation; American Diabetes Association; Association of Specialty Professors; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [T32-DK07696]; U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service [5862-5-01003]; NIH Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center, at Baylor College of Medicine [M01-RR00188, P30DK079638] FX This work was supported by the Young Investigator Award in Geriatric Endocrinology funded by the Atlantic Philanthropies, John A. Hartford Foundation; the American Diabetes Association; the Association of Specialty Professors (to R.V.S.); and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Training Program in Molecular Endocrinology (T32-DK07696; to A.G.). Some of the work was performed at the Baylor Children's Nutrition Research Center, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service under cooperative agreement no. 5862-5-01003. This work was also supported in part by NIH Grants (M01-RR00188, GCRC; and P30DK079638, NIH Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center) at Baylor College of Medicine. NR 23 TC 80 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JAN PY 2011 VL 34 IS 1 BP 162 EP 167 DI 10.2337/dc10-1006 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 710FT UT WOS:000286497000033 PM 20929994 ER PT J AU Baker, MK Simpson, K Lloyd, B Bauman, AE Singh, MAF AF Baker, Michael K. Simpson, Kylie Lloyd, Bradley Bauman, Adrian E. Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone TI Behavioral strategies in diabetes prevention programs: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials SO DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Review DE Diabetes mellitus type 2; Diet therapy; Exercise; Health behavior; Lifestyle ID LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTION; IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; WEIGHT-LOSS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; CLINICAL-TRIALS; FOLLOW-UP; TYPE-2; RISK AB The worldwide epidemic of type 2 diabetes (T2D) emphasizes the need for guidelines regarding community implementation of lifestyle modification prevention programs. An understanding of effective behavioral strategies is needed if evidence translation is to be realized. The aim of this paper is to systematically review the behavioral change strategies for lifestyle T2D prevention programs. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of lifestyle interventions for the prevention of T2D were reviewed with a systematic literature search. Data relating to the behavioral strategies and trial outcomes were extracted. Results: Overall, lifestyle interventions were successful in reducing the incidence of T2D. The behavioral strategies utilized in these interventions were drawn from a variety of theoretical backgrounds. All RCTs utilized intensive modes of delivery and were associated with low dropout rates of 5.5-13.4%. Conclusions: The available evidence shows that a robust behavioral change strategy is an essential part of an effective lifestyle modification program, as the absence of intensive individualized advice or "information only" more closely resembles the control group interventions used in these RCTs. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Baker, Michael K.; Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Boden Inst Obes Nutr & Exercise, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Simpson, Kylie; Lloyd, Bradley] Univ Sydney, Lidcombe, Australia. [Bauman, Adrian E.] Univ Sydney, Sch Publ Hlth, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Baker, MK (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Boden Inst Obes Nutr & Exercise, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM michael.baker@sydney.edu.au RI Baker, Michael/E-9514-2010; OI Baker, Michael/0000-0002-0551-4209 NR 59 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-8227 J9 DIABETES RES CLIN PR JI Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 91 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.diabres.2010.06.030 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 698XS UT WOS:000285629100009 PM 20655610 ER PT J AU Collier, CT Williams, PN Carroll, JA Welsh, TH Laurenz, JC AF Collier, C. T. Williams, P. N. Carroll, J. A. Welsh, T. H., Jr. Laurenz, J. C. TI Effect of maternal restraint stress during gestation on temporal lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroendocrine and immune responses of progeny SO DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cytokine; Gender; Lipopolysaccharide; Maternal stress; Pig ID ACUTE-PHASE RESPONSE; SPRAY-DRIED PLASMA; ADRENAL HPA AXIS; PRENATAL STRESS; LYMPHOCYTE POPULATIONS; ADULT-RATS; PIGS; CYTOKINES; CORTISOL; HORMONES AB The impact of gestational dam restraint stress on progeny immune and neuroendocrine temporal hormone responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge was assessed. Maternal stress (5-min snout snare restraint stress during days 84 to 112 of gestation) increased (P < 0.05) the magnitude of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin-6, epinephrine (E), norepinephrine, and serum amyloid A (SAA) production following LPS infusion in the offspring. Moreover, these effects appear to be dependent on gender for TNF-alpha, E, and cortisol production. However, maternal stress did not affect (P > 0.05) the normalization of proinflammatory cytokines or neuroendocrine hormones produced following LPS. Collectively, these results indicate that maternal stress impacts aspects of the proinflammatory cytokine and stress hormone response in their progeny following LPS dosing of the offspring. This response is potentially responsible in part for the resultant changes to SAA production. Because several of the changes observed here are dependent on pig gender, these results are also the first evidence that inherent epigenetic factors coupled with maternal stress impact the cumulative response to stress and LPS in young pigs. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Collier, C. T.; Williams, P. N.; Laurenz, J. C.] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Agr & Human Sci, Dept Anim & Wildlife Sci, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. [Carroll, J. A.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Welsh, T. H., Jr.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Laurenz, JC (reprint author), ENMU Stn 2, 1500 S Ave K, Portales, NM 88130 USA. EM jamie.laurenz@enmu.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [S06 GM008107-33] NR 35 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0739-7240 J9 DOMEST ANIM ENDOCRIN JI Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 40 IS 1 BP 40 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.domaniend.2010.08.005 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Agriculture; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 692BP UT WOS:000285126800005 PM 20932703 ER PT J AU Duke, SO AF Duke, Stephen O. TI PHYTOTCHEMICAL PHYTOTOXINS AND HORMESIS - A COMMENTARY SO DOSE-RESPONSE LA English DT Editorial Material ID ALLELOPATHY; PARTHENIN RP Duke, SO (reprint author), ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, POB 8048, University, MS 38677 USA. EM Stephen.Duke@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU INT DOSE-RESPONSE SOC PI AMHERST PA UNIV MASSACHUSETTS SPH, MORRILL SCI CTR 1, N344, 639 N PLEASANT ST, AMHERST, MA 01003-9298 USA SN 1559-3258 J9 DOSE-RESPONSE JI Dose-Response PY 2011 VL 9 IS 1 BP 76 EP 78 DI 10.2203/dose-response.10-038.Duke PG 3 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Toxicology GA 731PY UT WOS:000288122900006 PM 21431079 ER PT B AU Goldberg, S AF Goldberg, Sabine BA Selim, HM BF Selim, HM TI Chemical Equilibrium and Reaction Modeling of Arsenic and Selenium in Soils SO DYNAMICS AND BIOAVAILABILITY OF HEAVY METALS IN THE ROOTZONE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CONSTANT CAPACITANCE MODEL; SELENATE ADSORPTION; INNER-SPHERE; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; SOLUTION INTERFACE; ALLUVIAL SOILS; GROUND-WATER; SURFACE; OXIDE; OXIDATION C1 USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. RP Goldberg, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 4500 Glenwood Dr, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. EM Sabine.Goldberg@ars.usda.gov NR 89 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-2623-2; 978-1-4398-2622-5 PY 2011 BP 65 EP 92 D2 10.1201/b10796 PG 28 WC Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BC7RM UT WOS:000355169200004 ER PT B AU Elrashidi, MA AF Elrashidi, Moustafa A. BA Selim, HM BF Selim, HM TI Heavy Metals in Agricultural Watersheds: Nonpoint Source Contamination SO DYNAMICS AND BIOAVAILABILITY OF HEAVY METALS IN THE ROOTZONE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NITRATE-NITROGEN; RUNOFF; PHOSPHORUS; MANAGEMENT; LAND C1 Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Elrashidi, MA (reprint author), Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM moustafa.elrashidi@lin.usda.gov NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-2623-2; 978-1-4398-2622-5 PY 2011 BP 183 EP 217 D2 10.1201/b10796 PG 35 WC Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BC7RM UT WOS:000355169200008 ER PT J AU Cole, KL Ironside, K Eischeid, J Garfin, G Duffy, PB Toney, C AF Cole, Kenneth L. Ironside, Kirsten Eischeid, Jon Garfin, Gregg Duffy, Phillip B. Toney, Chris TI Past and ongoing shifts in Joshua tree distribution support future modeled range contraction SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE climate change; climate effects modeling; extinct seed vectors; Joshua tree; Mohave Desert; plant migration; Yucca brevifolia ID RAPID CLIMATE-CHANGE; YUCCA-BREVIFOLIA; LATE QUATERNARY; NORTH-AMERICA; GREENLAND; DIVERGENCE; CALIFORNIA; AGAVACEAE; MUTUALISM; DESERT AB The future distribution of the Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia) is projected by combining a geostatistical analysis of 20th-century climates over its current range, future modeled climates, and paleoecological data showing its response to a past similar climate change. As climate rapidly warmed; similar to 11 700 years ago, the range of Joshua tree contracted, leaving only the populations near what had been its northernmost limit. Its ability to spread northward into new suitable habitats after this time may have been inhibited by the somewhat earlier extinction of megafaunal dispersers, especially the Shasta ground sloth. We applied a model of climate suitability for Joshua tree, developed from its 20th-century range and climates, to future climates modeled through a set of six individual general circulation models (GCM) and one suite of 22 models for the late 21st century. All distribution data, observed climate data, and future GCM results were scaled to spatial grids of; similar to 1 km and; similar to 4 km in order to facilitate application within this topographically complex region. All of the models project the future elimination of Joshua tree throughout most of the southern portions of its current range. Although estimates of future monthly precipitation differ between the models, these changes are outweighed by large increases in temperature common to all the models. Only a few populations within the current range are predicted to be sustainable. Several models project significant potential future expansion into new areas beyond the current range, but the species' historical and current rates of dispersal would seem to prevent natural expansion into these new areas. Several areas are predicted to be potential sites for relocation/assisted migration. This project demonstrates how information from paleoecology and modern ecology can be integrated in order to understand ongoing processes and future distributions. C1 [Cole, Kenneth L.] No Arizona Univ, Colorado Plateau Res Stn, USGS, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Ironside, Kirsten] No Arizona Univ, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Eischeid, Jon] NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Garfin, Gregg] Univ Arizona, Inst Environm, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Duffy, Phillip B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Merced, CA 94550 USA. [Toney, Chris] USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Cole, KL (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Colorado Plateau Res Stn, USGS, POB 5614, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM ken_cole@usgs.gov OI Garfin, Gregg/0000-0002-2760-132X FU DOE National Institute for Climate Change Research [MPC35TV-02] FX Funding was received through the DOE National Institute for Climate Change Research project MPC35TV-02. Assistance and discussion were obtained through helpful reviews from T. Esque, T. Minckley, J. Lovich, and anonymous reviewers. NR 48 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 9 U2 71 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 21 IS 1 BP 137 EP 149 DI 10.1890/09-1800.1 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 741FW UT WOS:000288850200012 PM 21516893 ER PT J AU Dalgleish, HJ Koons, DN Hooten, MB Moffet, CA Adler, PB AF Dalgleish, Harmony J. Koons, David N. Hooten, Mevin B. Moffet, Corey A. Adler, Peter B. TI Climate influences the demography of three dominant sagebrush steppe plants SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Artemisia tripartita; climate change; demography; Hesperostipa comata; integral projection models; population dynamics; Pseudoroegneria spicata; sagebrush steppe; US Sheep Experiment Station; Idaho; USA ID INTEGRAL PROJECTION MODELS; ENVIRONMENTAL VARIATION; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; ARCTIC TUNDRA; FROST DAMAGE; VITAL-RATES; RESPONSES; INCREASE; GROWTH AB Climate change could alter the population growth of dominant species, leading to profound effects on community structure and ecosystem dynamics. Understanding the links between historical variation in climate and population vital rates (survival, growth, recruitment) is one way to predict the impact of future climate change. Using a unique, long-term data set from eastern Idaho, USA, we parameterized integral projection models (IPMs) for Pseudoroegneria spicata, Hesperostipa comata, and Artemisia tripartita to identify the demographic rates and climate variables most important for population growth. We described survival, growth, and recruitment as a function of genet size using mixed-effect regression models that incorporated climate variables. Elasticites for the survival + growth portion of the kernel were larger than the recruitment portion for all three species, with survival + growth accounting for 87-95% of the total elasticity. The genet sizes with the highest elasticity values in each species were very close to the genet size threshold where survival approached 100%. We found strong effects of climate on the population growth rate of two of our three species. In H. comata, a 1% decrease in previous year's precipitation would lead to a 0.6% decrease in population growth. In A. tripartita, a 1% increase in summer temperature would result in a 1.3% increase in population growth. In both H. comata and A. tripartita, climate influenced population growth by affecting genet growth more than survival or recruitment. Late-winter snow was the most important climate variable for P. spicata, but its effect on population growth was smaller than the climate effects we found in H. comata or A. tripartita. For all three species, demographic responses lagged climate by at least one year. Our analysis indicates that understanding climate effects on genet growth may be crucial for anticipating future changes in the structure and function of sagebrush steppe vegetation. C1 [Dalgleish, Harmony J.; Koons, David N.; Adler, Peter B.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Dalgleish, Harmony J.; Koons, David N.; Adler, Peter B.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Hooten, Mevin B.] Utah State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Moffet, Corey A.] ARS, USDA, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID USA. RP Dalgleish, HJ (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 715 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM hdalglei@purdue.edu RI Adler, Peter/D-3781-2009; OI Moffet, Corey/0000-0002-7071-7539 FU Rocky Mountain Research Station; NSF [DEB-0614068]; Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Utah State University FX We thank Stephen Ellner and Mark Rees for advice on the analysis and comments on earlier drafts. We thank two anonymous reviewers, whose comments greatly improved the manuscript. This research was funded by the Rocky Mountain Research Station (P. B. Adler and H. J. Dalgleish), NSF DEB-0614068, and the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Utah State University, and is approved as journal paper number 8116. NR 45 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 5 U2 72 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 92 IS 1 BP 75 EP 85 DI 10.1890/10-0780.1 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 750MS UT WOS:000289552200010 PM 21560678 ER PT J AU Gibbons, W Hughes, S AF Gibbons, William Hughes, Stephen BE Bernardes, MAD TI Distributed, Integrated Production of Second and Third Generation Biofuels SO ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF BIOFUEL PRODUCTION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BATCH SIMULTANEOUS SACCHARIFICATION; ENZYMATIC CELLULOSE HYDROLYSIS; HIGH-SOLIDS LOADINGS; HIGH DRY-MATTER; CORN STOVER; LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS; PRETREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; BIOMASS; FERMENTATION C1 [Gibbons, William] South Dakota State Univ, Biol & Microbiol Dept, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Hughes, Stephen] USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. RP Gibbons, W (reprint author), South Dakota State Univ, Biol & Microbiol Dept, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. NR 102 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-178-7 PY 2011 BP 405 EP 428 D2 10.5772/697 PG 24 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Studies SC Agriculture; Business & Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BG0RD UT WOS:000386478100020 ER PT J AU Heath, LS Smith, JE Woodall, CW Azuma, DL Waddell, KL AF Heath, Linda S. Smith, James E. Woodall, Christopher W. Azuma, David L. Waddell, Karen L. TI Carbon stocks on forestland of the United States, with emphasis on USDA Forest Service ownership SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE carbon density; carbon in HWP; forest carbon accounting; Forest Inventory and Analysis; greenhouse gas inventory; National Forest System; uncertainty analysis AB The U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service (USFS) manages one-fifth of the area of forestland in the United States. The Forest Service Roadmap for responding to climate change identified assessing and managing carbon stocks and change as a major element of its plan. This study presents methods and results of estimating current forest carbon stocks and change in the United States for public and private owners, consistent with the official 2010 U.S. greenhouse gas inventory, but with improved data sources for three states. Results are presented by National Forest System region, a major organizational management unit within the Forest Service, and by individual national forest. USFS forestland in the United States is estimated to contain an average of 192 Mg C/ha (megagrams carbon per hectare) on 60.4 million ha, for a total of 11,604 Tg C (teragrams C) in the year 2005. Privately-owned forestland averages 150 Mg C/ha on 173.8 million ha, with forestland of other public owners averaging 169 Mg C/ha on 43.1 million ha. In terms of change, private and USFS ownerships each sequester about a net 150 Tg CO2/yr, but an additional 92 Tg CO2/yr is stored in products from private harvests compared to about 3 Tg CO2/yr from harvest on USFS land. Emissions from other disturbances such as fires, as well as corresponding area estimates of disturbance are also important, but the needed datasets are not yet available. Recommendations are given for improving the estimates. C1 [Heath, Linda S.; Smith, James E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Woodall, Christopher W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Azuma, David L.; Waddell, Karen L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. RP Heath, LS (reprint author), Global Environm Facil, Washington, DC 20433 USA. EM Lheath@fs.fed.us NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD JAN PY 2011 VL 2 IS 1 AR UNSP 6 DI 10.1890/ES10-00126.1 PG 21 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V30SQ UT WOS:000208836100005 ER PT J AU Nuttle, T Yerger, EH Stoleson, SH Ristau, TE AF Nuttle, Tim Yerger, Ellen H. Stoleson, Scott H. Ristau, Todd E. TI Legacy of top-down herbivore pressure ricochets back up multiple trophic levels in forest canopies over 30 years SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Allegheny hardwood forest; avian communities; canopy foliage; Lepidoptera; Odocoileus virginianus; Pennsylvania; trophic cascade; trophic ricochet; ungulate effects; white-tailed deer AB Removal of top-down control on herbivores can result in a trophic cascade where herbivore pressure on plants results in changes in plant communities. These altered plant communities are hypothesized to exert bottom-up control on subsequent herbivory via changes in plant quality or productivity. But it remains untested whether top-down perturbation causes long term changes in plants that ricochet back up the new food chain that depends on them. In a large-scale, 30-yr controlled field experiment, we show that 10 yr of top-down control of an ungulate herbivore (white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus) created contrasting forest tree communities exerting bottom-up effects that ricochet back up 3 trophic levels 20-30 yr later. Higher ungulate densities during stand initiation caused significant reductions in tree species diversity, canopy foliage density, canopy insect density, and bird density in young (ca. 30 yr old) forests. Because recruitment of trees from seedlings to the canopy occurs over a relatively brief period (ca. 10 yr), with membership in the canopy lasting an order of magnitude longer, our results show that even short-term perturbations in ungulate density may cause centuries-long disruptions to forest ecosystem structure and function. In documenting this five-step trophic ricochet, we unite key concepts of trophic theory with the extensive literature on effects of ungulate overabundance. As predators decline and ungulate herbivores increase worldwide, similar impacts may result that persist long after herbivore density becomes effectively managed. C1 [Nuttle, Tim; Yerger, Ellen H.] Indiana Univ Penn, Dept Biol Sci, Indiana, PA 15705 USA. [Stoleson, Scott H.; Ristau, Todd E.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Irvine, PA 16329 USA. RP Nuttle, T (reprint author), Indiana Univ Penn, Dept Biol Sci, Indiana, PA 15705 USA. EM nuttle@iup.edu FU Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education Faculty Professional Development Council, IUP Senate; USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station FX Author contributions were as follows: Nuttle and Stoleson designed and implemented bird sampling; Yerger and Nuttle designed and implemented insect sampling; Ristau designed and implemented tree sampling; Nuttle designed and implemented canopy foliage sampling; Nuttle analysed data and prepared the manuscript with review and contributions from Yerger, Stoleson, and Ristau. We thank the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education Faculty Professional Development Council, IUP Senate, and USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station for funding and Pennsylvania Bureau of Forestry, Pennsylvania Game Commission, Allegheny National Forest, National Fuel Gas, and Seneca Resources for access to lands being studied. We thank J. Rappole, M. Caldwell, A. Royo, S. Newell, J. Larkin, and two anonymous reviewers for careful reviews that improved the manuscript. NR 41 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 22 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD JAN PY 2011 VL 2 IS 1 AR UNSP 4 DI 10.1890/ES10-00108.1 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V30SQ UT WOS:000208836100003 ER PT J AU Stueve, KM Perry, CH Nelson, MD Healey, SP Hill, AD Moisen, GG Cohen, WB Gormanson, DD Huang, CQ AF Stueve, Kirk M. Perry, Charles H. (Hobie) Nelson, Mark D. Healey, Sean P. Hill, Andrew D. Moisen, Gretchen G. Cohen, Warren B. Gormanson, Dale D. Huang, Chengquan TI Ecological importance of intermediate windstorms rivals large, infrequent disturbances in the northern Great Lakes SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE blowdown; hierarchical partitioning; landscape ecology; mixed northern hardwoods; northern Wisconsin; random forests; remote sensing; Upper Peninsula of Michigan; vegetation change tracker AB Exogenous disturbances are critical agents of change in temperate forests capable of damaging trees and influencing forest structure, composition, demography, and ecosystem processes. Forest disturbances of intermediate magnitude and intensity receive relatively sparse attention, particularly at landscape scales, despite influencing most forests at least once per generation. Contextualizing the spatial extent and heterogeneity of such damage is of paramount importance to increasing our understanding of forested ecosystems. We investigated patterns of intermediate wind disturbance across a forested landscape in the northern Great Lakes, USA. A vegetation change tracker (VCT) algorithm was utilized for processing near-biennial Landsat data stacks (1984-2009) spanning forests sustaining damage from four recent windstorms. VCT predominantly maps stand-clearing disturbance and regrowth patterns, which were used to identify forest boundaries, young stands, and disturbance patterns across space and time. To map wind damage severity, we compared satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values calculated from pre- and post-storm Landsat imagery. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to derive wind damage predictor variables from VCT, digital terrain, soils/landform, land cover, and storm tracking data. Hierarchical and random forests regressions were applied to rank the relative importance of predictor variables in influencing wind damage. A conservative estimate of aggregate damage from the intermediate windstorms (extrapolated to similar to 150,000 ha, similar to 25,500 severe) rivaled individual large, infrequent disturbances in the region. Damage patterns were relatively congruent among storms and became more spatially heterogeneous with increasing disturbance intensity. Proximity to forest-nonforest edge, stand age, and soils/landform were consistently important damage predictors. The spatial extent and distribution of the first two damage predictors are extremely sensitive to anthropogenic modifications of forested landscapes, the most important disturbance agent in the northern Great Lakes. This provides circumstantial evidence suggesting anthropogenic activities are augmenting and/or diminishing the ecological effects of the natural wind disturbance regime. Natural disturbances of intermediate size and intensity are significant agents of change in this region, and likely in other regions, deserving more attention from ecologists and biogeographers. C1 [Stueve, Kirk M.; Perry, Charles H. (Hobie); Nelson, Mark D.; Hill, Andrew D.; Gormanson, Dale D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Healey, Sean P.; Moisen, Gretchen G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. [Cohen, Warren B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Huang, Chengquan] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Stueve, KM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM kstueve@biogeography.us OI Huang, Chengquan/0000-0003-0055-9798; Perry, Charles/0000-0001-9377-5996 FU NASA Applied Science Program (via the NAFD project); USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station (FIA Unit) FX We are grateful for funding and support of this research generously provided by the NASA Applied Science Program (via the NAFD project) and the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station (FIA Unit). We also appreciate the assistance of Steven Katovich, Phil Freeman, Dawn Hinebaugh, Dennis McDougall, Jennifer Maziasz, Janel Pike, Quinn Chavez, and Robin McCartney. Kirk Stueve conceived this research, implemented most of the methods, and wrote most of the manuscript. Hobie Perry provided expertise on soils and Wisconsin landscapes, contributed to writing the discussion, and was closely involved with edits and revisions. Mark Nelson provided remote sensing expertise, substantive input for developing the introduction, and was closely involved with edits and revisions. Sean Healey and Warren Cohen aided in adapting VCT for a study in the northern Great Lakes and provided feedback for several manuscript drafts. Sean also provided remote sensing expertise concerning image differencing. Andrew Hill was intricately involved with the development of the introduction and theoretical context. Gretchen Moisen provided guidance in choosing and applying the statistical modeling approaches. Dale Gormanson participated in the implementation of VCT and helped design the study area map. Chengquan Huang designed and developed VCT and provided invaluable assistance applying it in the northern Great Lakes. Kerry Woods and two anonymous reviewers carefully critiqued the manuscript and provided exceptional suggestions for improvement. NR 68 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 14 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD JAN PY 2011 VL 2 IS 1 AR 2 DI 10.1890/ES10-00062.1 PG 21 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V30SQ UT WOS:000208836100001 ER PT J AU Polley, HW Phillips, RL Frank, AB Bradford, JA Sims, PL Morgan, JA Kiniry, JR AF Polley, H. Wayne Phillips, Rebecca L. Frank, Albert B. Bradford, James A. Sims, Phillip L. Morgan, Jack A. Kiniry, James R. TI Variability in Light-Use Efficiency for Gross Primary Productivity on Great Plains Grasslands SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE absorbed photosynthetically active radiation; CO2 flux measurements; grassland; leaf area index; mixed grass prairie; precipitation; radiation extinction coefficient; shortgrass steppe ID CARBON-DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; FLUX MEASUREMENTS; UNITED-STATES; CO2 EXCHANGE; BOWEN-RATIO; RESPIRATION; EXTINCTION AB Gross primary productivity (GPP) often is estimated at regional and global scales by multiplying the amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) absorbed by the plant canopy (PARa) by light-use efficiency (epsilon(g); GPP/PARa). Mass flux techniques are being used to calculate epsilon(g). Flux-based estimates of epsilon(g) depend partly on how PAR absorption by plants is modeled as a function of leaf area index (LAI). We used CO2 flux measurements from three native grasslands in the Great Plains of USA to determine how varying the value of the radiation extinction coefficient (k) that is used to calculate PARa from LAI affected variability in estimates of epsilon(g) for each week. The slope of linear GPP-PARa regression, an index of epsilon(g), differed significantly among the 18 site-years of data, indicating that inter-annual differences in epsilon(g) contributed to the overall variability in epsilon(g) values. GPP-PARa slopes differed among years and sites regardless of whether k was assigned a fixed value or varied as an exponential function of LAI. Permitting k to change with LAI reduced overall variability in epsilon(g), reduced the slope of a negative linear regression between seasonal means of epsilon(g) and potential evapotranspiration (PET), and clarified the contribution of inter-annual differences in precipitation to variation in epsilon(g). Our results imply that greater attention be given to defining dynamics of the k coefficient for ecosystems with low LAI and that PET and precipitation be used to constrain the epsilon(g) values employed in light-use efficiency algorithms to calculate GPP for Great Plains grasslands. C1 [Polley, H. Wayne; Kiniry, James R.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Phillips, Rebecca L.; Frank, Albert B.] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Bradford, James A.; Sims, Phillip L.] USDA ARS, So Plains Range Res Stn, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. [Morgan, Jack A.] USDA ARS, Crops Res Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Polley, HW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM wayne.polley@ars.usda.gov OI Phillips, Rebecca/0000-0003-3881-9065 NR 34 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 EI 1435-0629 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD JAN PY 2011 VL 14 IS 1 BP 15 EP 27 DI 10.1007/s10021-010-9389-3 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 732GC UT WOS:000288172000002 ER PT J AU James, PMA Fortin, MJ Sturtevant, BR Fall, A Kneeshaw, D AF James, Patrick M. A. Fortin, M. -J. Sturtevant, B. R. Fall, A. Kneeshaw, D. TI Modelling Spatial Interactions Among Fire, Spruce Budworm, and Logging in the Boreal Forest SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE dynamic feedbacks; forest management; landscape legacies; forest disturbance; spatial modelling; landscape pattern metrics ID BALSAM FIR; LANDSCAPE PATTERNS; HARDWOOD CONTENT; EASTERN CANADA; NEW-BRUNSWICK; AGE STRUCTURE; MANAGEMENT; DISTURBANCES; DEFOLIATION; DYNAMICS AB In the boreal forest, fire, insects, and logging all affect spatial patterns in forest age and species composition. In turn, spatial legacies in age and composition can facilitate or constrain further disturbances and have important consequences for forest spatial structure and sustainability. However, the complex three-way interactions among fire, insects, and logging and their combined effects on forest spatial structure have seldom been investigated. We used a spatially explicit landscape simulation model to examine these interactions. Specifically, we investigated how the amount and the spatial scale of logging (cutblock size) in combination with succession, fire, and spruce budworm outbreaks affect area burned and area defoliated. Simulations included 30 replicates of 300 years for each of 19 different disturbance scenarios. More disturbances increased both the fragmentation and the proportion of coniferous species and imposed additional constraints on the extent of each disturbance. We also found that harvesting legacies affect fire and budworm differently due to differences in forest types consumed by each disturbance. Contrary to expectation, budworm defoliation did not affect area burned at the temporal scales studied and neither amount of logging nor cutblock size influenced defoliation extent. Logging increased fire size through conversion of more of the landscape to early seral, highly flammable forest types. Although logging increased the amount of budworm host species, spruce budworm caused mortality was reduced due to reductions in forest age. In general, we found that spatial legacies do not influence all disturbances equally and the duration of a spatial legacy is limited when multiple disturbances are present. Further information on post-disturbance succession is still needed to refine our understanding of long-term disturbance interactions. C1 [James, Patrick M. A.] Univ Toronto, Fac Forestry, Toronto, ON M5S 3B3, Canada. [Fortin, M. -J.] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada. [Sturtevant, B. R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. [Fall, A.] Gowlland Technol Ltd, Lasqueti Isl, BC V0R 2J0, Canada. [Kneeshaw, D.] Univ Quebec, Dept Sci Biol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada. RP James, PMA (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Fac Forestry, 33 Willcocks St, Toronto, ON M5S 3B3, Canada. EM pjames@ualberta.ca FU NSERC-PGS; CFS-NSERC; NSERC; SFMN; US National Fire Plan FX This research was supported by a NSERC-PGS and CFS-NSERC Supplement to PMAJ and a NSERC Discovery grant to MJF and SFMN funding to Kneeshaw and others. Additional financial support for BRS was provided by the US National Fire Plan. NR 62 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD JAN PY 2011 VL 14 IS 1 BP 60 EP 75 DI 10.1007/s10021-010-9395-5 PG 16 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 732GC UT WOS:000288172000005 ER PT B AU Rosentrater, KA AF Rosentrater, Kurt A. BE Lechkov, M Prandzheva, S TI EFFECTS OF FILLER CONCENTRATION AND GEOMETRY ON PERFORMANCE OF CYLINDRICAL INJECTION MOLDED COMPOSITES SO ENCYCLOPEDIA OF POLYMER COMPOSITES: PROPERTIES, PERFORMANCE AND APPLICATIONS SE Polymer Science and Technology Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FLOW FRONT; MOLDING SIMULATION; FIBER COMPOSITES; POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES; POLYESTER COMPOSITES; PARALLEL PLATES; FILLING STAGE; SISAL FIBER; DESIGN AB There is growing interest in using fillers in plastic products to displace petroleum components, reduce cost, and improve mechanical properties. Many studies have examined the use of materials such as clay, talc, paper, wood flour, lignin, flax, and bamboo, to name just a few. For successful utilization in the marketplace, it is essential to optimize resulting physical and mechanical properties of these composite products. And it is also important to understand how both processing behavior and final product quality will be impacted when using fillers. Moreover, all of these will be influenced by the specific manufacturing processes used, the specific plastic used, the specific filler used (and at what level), as well as the mold geometry used. To provide a greater understanding regarding these synergistically-related factors, the objectives of this study were to examine processing behavior and product quality as affected by injection molding parameters, specifically the effects of 1) geometry for a cylindrical mold, and 2) filler concentration levels. With polypropylene as the base plastic, the inclusion of calcium carbonate as a filler (from 20 to 40%), using 10 mold lengths (1.0 to 10.0 cm) for a given diameter (1.0 cm), and thus 10 length-to-diameter ratios, were examined using injection molding computer simulation software. Injection mold processing effects and final product quality were predicted for each of the treatments under investigation. As mold geometry increased, injection time and injection pressure curvilinearly increased as well; an increase in filler level, on the other hand, reduced injection time and pressure, but also in a curvilinear fashion. This study represents an initial step toward understanding the complex relationships between specific factors in the production of plastic composites. Thus the information generated herein will be essential for further efforts to utilize fillers in manufactured products. C1 ARS, USDA, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Rosentrater, KA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, N Cent Agr Res Lab, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM kurt.rosentrater@ars.usda.gov OI Rosentrater, Kurt/0000-0003-0131-7037 NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60741-717-0 J9 POLYM SCI TECHNOL SE PY 2011 BP 1059 EP 1075 PG 17 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA BTD04 UT WOS:000286532800038 ER PT S AU Vogel, KP Sarath, G Saathoff, AJ Mitchell, RB AF Vogel, Kenneth P. Sarath, Gautam Saathoff, Aaron J. Mitchell, Robert B. BE Halford, NG Karp, A TI Switchgrass SO ENERGY CROPS SE RSC Energy and Environment Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PANICUM-VIRGATUM L.; AMMONIA-RECYCLED PERCOLATION; DILUTE-ACID PRETREATMENT; SEASON FORAGE GRASSES; CHLOROPLAST DNA POLYMORPHISMS; X ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; IONIC LIQUID PRETREATMENT; PLANT ADAPTATION REGIONS; DRY-MATTER DIGESTIBILITY; SEEDLING TILLER NUMBER C1 [Vogel, Kenneth P.; Sarath, Gautam; Saathoff, Aaron J.; Mitchell, Robert B.] Univ Nebraska, USDA, ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Vogel, KP (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA, ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Keim Hall,Rm 317,POB 830937, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 278 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2044-0774 BN 978-1-84973-032-7 J9 RSC ENERGY ENVIRON S PY 2011 IS 3 BP 341 EP 380 PG 40 WC Agronomy; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BTG56 UT WOS:000286905500017 ER PT J AU Cao, XY Ro, KS Chappell, M Li, YA Mao, JD AF Cao, Xiaoyan Ro, Kyoung S. Chappell, Mark Li, Yuan Mao, Jingdong TI Chemical Structures of Swine-Manure Chars Produced under Different Carbonization Conditions Investigated by Advanced Solid-State C-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCRITICAL WATER GASIFICATION; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; BED FAST PYROLYSIS; BIO-OIL; HYDROTHERMAL CARBONIZATION; THERMOCHEMICAL CONVERSION; BIOMASS GASIFICATION; RICE HUSK; BIOCHAR; CARBON AB Two types of swine-manure chars, hydrothermally produced hydrochar and slow-pyrolysis pyrochar, and their raw swine-manure solid were characterized using advanced solid-state C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In comparison to raw swine-manure solid, both hydrochars and pyrochar displayed significantly different structural features, with lower alkyl carbons, NCH, OCH3, O-alkyl, and COO/N-C=O groups but higher aromatic/olefinic and aromatic C-O groups. The chemical structures of four hydrochars varied with different processing conditions. In comparison to the hydrochar with only water wash (HTC-swine W), washing hydrochar with acetone (HTC-swine A) removed the soluble intermediates deposited on the hydrochar, as shown by the decrease of O-alkyl (primarily carbohydrates), corresponding increase of aromatic/olefinic carbons and complete removal of OCH3 groups. With citric acid prewash and acetone wash (HTC-AW-swine A), aromatic C-O and aromatics/olefinics were increased and alkyls were decreased, with O-alkyls totally removed in comparison to just acetone wash (HTC-swine A). Citric acid catalysis and acetone wash (HTC-AC-swine A) increased aromatic C-O and non-protonated aromatics/olefinics, decreased alkyls further, and reduced protonated aromatics/olefinics compared to citric acid prewash and acetone wash (HTC-AW-swine A). The ratios of non-protonated to protonated aromatic/olefinic carbons for HTC-swine W, HTC-swine A, and HTC-AW-swine A hydrochars were quite similar but enhanced for HTC-AC-swine A hydrochar. Obviously, citric acid catalysis and acetone wash (HTC-AC-swine A) provided deeper carbonization than other hydrothermal processes. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) processes were associated with the hydrolysis and subsequent decomposition of major biopolymer components in swine manure. The increase of aromaticity during HTC was likely due to condensation polymerization of the intermediates from the degradation of carbohydrates. Pyrochar produced from slow pyrolysis was structurally different from HTC hydrochars. The dominant component of pyrochar was aromatics, whereas that of hydrochars was alkyl moieties. The aromatic cluster size of pyrochar was larger than those of hydrochars. Slow pyrolysis at 620 degrees C provided deeper carbonization than HTC processes. C1 [Cao, Xiaoyan; Li, Yuan; Mao, Jingdong] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Ro, Kyoung S.] ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, USDA, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Chappell, Mark] USA, Corps Engineers, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Mao, JD (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, 4541 Hampton Blvd, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM jmao@odu.edu RI Cao, Xiaoyan/E-3492-2012 OI Cao, Xiaoyan/0000-0001-7571-6482 FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0843996, CBET-0853950]; Petroleum Research Fund [46373-G2]; USDA-ARS [NFCA 6657-13630-004-01N] FX We thank the National Science Foundation (EAR-0843996 and CBET-0853950) and the Donors of the Petroleum Research Fund, administered by the American Chemical Society (Grant 46373-G2), for the support of this research. Collaboration with the USDA-ARS was conducted according to the agreement NFCA 6657-13630-004-01N. NR 78 TC 71 Z9 76 U1 3 U2 111 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JAN PY 2011 VL 25 BP 388 EP 397 DI 10.1021/ef101342v PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 721ID UT WOS:000287345900048 ER PT J AU Addesso, KM McAuslane, HJ Alborn, HT AF Addesso, Karla M. McAuslane, Heather J. Alborn, Hans T. TI Attraction of pepper weevil to volatiles from damaged pepper plants SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE Anthonomus eugenii; host plant; olfaction; Y-tube; wind tunnel; four-arm olfactometer; headspace analysis; GC-MS; Coleoptera; Curculionidae; Solanaceae ID GREEN LEAF VOLATILES; STRAWBERRY BLOSSOM WEEVIL; ANTHONOMUS-GRANDIS BOH; OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS; HOST-PLANT; AGGREGATION PHEROMONE; BOLL-WEEVIL; SEX-PHEROMONE; AROMATIC-COMPOUNDS; EUGENII CANO AB Pioneer herbivorous insects may find their host plants through a combination of visual and constitutive host-plant volatile cues, but once a site has been colonized, feeding damage changes the quantity and quality of plant volatiles released, potentially altering the behavior of conspecifics who detect them. Previous work on the pepper weevil, Anthonomus eugenii Cano (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), demonstrated that this insect can detect and orient to constitutive host plant volatiles released from pepper [Capsicum annuum L. (Solanaceae)]. Here we investigated the response of the weevil to whole plants and headspace collections of plants damaged by conspecifics. Mated weevils preferred damaged flowering as well as damaged fruiting plants over undamaged plants in a Y-tube olfactometer. They also preferred volatiles from flowering and fruiting plants with actively feeding weevils over plants with old feeding damage. Both sexes preferred volatiles from fruiting plants with actively feeding weevils over flowering plants with actively feeding weevils. Females preferred plants with 48 h of prior feeding damage over plants subjected to weevil feeding for only 1 h, whereas males showed no preference. When attraction to male- and female-inflicted feeding damage was compared in the Y-tube, males and females showed no significant preference. Wind tunnel plant assays and four-choice olfactometer assays using headspace volatiles confirmed the attraction of weevils to active feeding damage on fruiting plants. In a final four-choice olfactometer assay using headspace collections, we tested the attraction of mated males and virgin and mated females to male and female feeding damage. In these headspace volatile assays, mated females again showed no preference for male feeding; however, virgin females and males preferred the headspace volatiles of plants fed on by males, which contained the male aggregation pheromone in addition to plant volatiles. The potential for using plant volatile lures to improve pepper weevil monitoring and management is discussed. C1 [Addesso, Karla M.; Alborn, Hans T.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Addesso, Karla M.; McAuslane, Heather J.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Addesso, KM (reprint author), ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, 1600-1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM karla.addesso@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-CSREES-NRI [2008-35302-04678] FX The authors would like to thank Dave Schuster and Phil Stansly for providing us with pepper weevils, and Casey Reed for colony maintenance. This research was funded by USDA-CSREES-NRI grant 2008-35302-04678. NR 36 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 49 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 138 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2010.01070.x PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 689WZ UT WOS:000284962900001 ER PT J AU Sano, M Havill, NP Ozaki, K AF Sano, Masakazu Havill, Nathan P. Ozaki, Kenichi TI Taxonomic identity of a galling adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) from three spruce species in Central Japan SO ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Adelges; host alternation; Larix; Picea; Sacchiphantes kitamiensis ID DNA; DIPTERA; EVOLUTION; INSECTA AB Gall-forming insects are commonly highly host-specific, and galling species once thought to be oligo- or polyphagous are often found to represent a complex of host-specific races or cryptic species. A recent DNA barcoding study documented that an unidentified species of the genus Adelges is a gall-former associated with four spruce species (Picea bicolor, P. koyamai, P. maximowiczii, P. polita) as the primary hosts, with little genetic differentiation among insects on different host species. In this study, we investigated the morphology of this galling adelgid to determine its taxonomic identity. Morphological inspection of insects collected from three of the spruce species confirmed that this adelgid is a single galling species, and is identified as Adelges (Sacchiphantes) kitamiensis, which was previously known only from the secondary host. We described the gallicola adults of this species, as well as the first-instar exules which are the offspring of gallicolae. Finally, we verified the taxonomic identity of this species and discuss its life cycle and host distribution. C1 [Sano, Masakazu] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Dept Systemat & Ecol, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608589, Japan. [Ozaki, Kenichi] Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Hokkaido Res Ctr, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. [Havill, Nathan P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Hamden, CT USA. RP Sano, M (reprint author), Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Dept Systemat & Ecol, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608589, Japan. EM msano@res.agr.hokudai.ac.jp FU JSPS [21658056] FX We thank R. G. Foottit for the loan of specimens in his care and Y. Koyama, S. Minato, M. Okada, M. Osawa, and S. Shiyake for assistance with the field work. This research was supported by JSPS KAKENHI 21658056. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1343-8786 J9 ENTOMOL SCI JI Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 14 IS 1 BP 94 EP 99 DI 10.1111/j.1479-8298.2010.00417.x PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 703SN UT WOS:000286001700014 ER PT J AU Vemuri, AW Grove, JM Wilson, MA Burch, WR AF Vemuri, Amanda W. Grove, J. Morgan Wilson, Matthew A. Burch, William R., Jr. TI A Tale of Two Scales: Evaluating the Relationship Among Life Satisfaction, Social Capital, Income, and the Natural Environment at Individual and Neighborhood Levels in Metropolitan Baltimore SO ENVIRONMENT AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE life satisfaction; neighborhood satisfaction; natural environment; social capital ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; RESIDENTIAL SATISFACTION; URBAN; DETERMINANTS; COMPONENTS; VEGETATION; VALIDITY AB With the rapid growth of cities worldwide, there is a need to better understand factors contributing to life satisfaction in urban environments. Using data from a long-term study of the Baltimore metropolitan region, we build on existing social scientific literature to examine a suite of theoretical factors that have been proposed to explain higher life satisfaction. We find support for many previous theoretical arguments in the literature. Importantly, however, our findings reveal that these results are strikingly scale dependent. For individuals, higher incomes contribute to higher levels of satisfaction, yet social capital does not. For neighborhoods, more social capital strongly increases satisfaction, but higher incomes do not; and access to a clean natural environment always contributes to higher satisfaction, regardless of the scale of analysis. Given these findings, we conclude with the observation that future research must carefully match the "scale" of life satisfaction measurements with the explanatory variables used. C1 [Grove, J. Morgan] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Burch, William R., Jr.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Vemuri, Amanda W.; Grove, J. Morgan] Baltimore Ecosyst Study, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Vemuri, AW (reprint author), 942 Rhonda Pl SE, Leesburg, VA 20175 USA. EM awvemuri@yahoo.com NR 69 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 24 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0013-9165 J9 ENVIRON BEHAV JI Environ. Behav. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 43 IS 1 BP 3 EP 25 DI 10.1177/0013916509338551 PG 23 WC Environmental Studies; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Psychology GA 686KD UT WOS:000284694300001 ER PT J AU Prasad, PVV Boote, KJ Allen, LH AF Prasad, P. V. V. Boote, K. J. Allen, L. H., Jr. TI Longevity and temperature response of pollen as affected by elevated growth temperature and carbon dioxide in peanut and grain sorghum SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Carbon dioxide; Pollen longevity; Pollen germination; Temperature; Cardinal temperatures ID HEAT-SHOCK RESPONSE; BICOLOR L. MOENCH; SEED-SET; REPRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS; MALE GAMETOPHYTE; FRUIT-SET; GERMINATION; VIABILITY; STRESS AB It is important to understand the effects of environmental conditions during plant growth on longevity and temperature response of pollen. Objectives of this study were to determine the influence of growth temperature and/or carbon dioxide (CO(2)) concentration on pollen longevity and temperature response of peanut and grain sorghum pollen. Plants were grown at daytime maximum/nighttime minimum temperatures of 32/22, 36/26, 40/30 and 44/34 degrees C at ambient (350 mu mol mol(-1)) and at elevated (700 mu mol mol(-1)) CO(2) from emergence to maturity. At flowering, pollen longevity was estimated by measuring in vitro pollen germination at different time intervals after anther dehiscence. Temperature response of pollen was measured by germinating pollen on artificial growth medium at temperatures ranging from 12 to 48 degrees C in incubators at 4 degrees C intervals. Elevated growth temperature decreased pollen germination percentage in both crop species. Sorghum pollen had shorter longevity than peanut pollen. There was no influence of CO(2) on pollen longevity. Pollen longevity of sorghum at 36/26 degrees C was about 2 h shorter than at 32/22 degrees C. There was no effect of growth temperature or CO(2) on cardinal temperatures (T(min), T(opt), and T(max)) of pollen in both crop species. The T(min), T(opt), and T(max) identified at different growth temperatures and CO(2) levels were similar at 14.9, 30.1, and 45.6 degrees C, respectively for peanut pollen. The corresponding values for sorghum pollen were 17.2, 29.4, and 41.7 degrees C. In conclusion, pollen longevity and pollen germination percentage was decreased by growth at elevated temperature, and pollen developed at elevated temperature and/or elevated CO(2) did not have greater temperature tolerance. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Prasad, P. V. V.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Boote, K. J.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Allen, L. H., Jr.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Chem Res Unit, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Prasad, PVV (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM vara@ksu.edu RI Prasad, P.V. Vara/B-3835-2012; OI Prasad, P.V. Vara/0000-0001-6632-3361; Boote, Kenneth/0000-0002-1358-5496 FU University for Florida; United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service; United States Aid for International Development FX We thank Larry Pitts and Wayne Wynn for excellent engineering support and Dr. Jean Thomas for technical support. Financial support from University for Florida, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, and the Peanut Collaborative Research Support Program (CRSP) and International Sorghum and Millet CRSP (INTSORMIL) of United States Aid for International Development is acknowledged. This is contribution no. 09-183-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 49 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-8472 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 70 IS 1 BP 51 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2010.08.004 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 671FG UT WOS:000283485100007 ER PT J AU Gordon, SN Gallo, K AF Gordon, Sean N. Gallo, Kirsten TI Structuring expert input for a knowledge-based approach to watershed condition assessment for the Northwest Forest Plan, USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Watershed assessment; Composite indicators; Expert judgment; Fuzzy logic; Modeling; Stream condition assessment; Stream habitat ID DECISION-MAKING; MANAGEMENT; OPPORTUNITIES; ECOSYSTEMS; STREAMS; INDEX; RIVER; FISH AB Assessments of watershed condition for aquatic and riparian species often have to rely on expert opinion because of the complexity of establishing statistical relationships among the many factors involved. Such expert-based assessments can be difficult to document and apply consistently over time and space. We describe and reflect on the process of developing a computer-based decision support application from expert judgments for assessing aquatic and riparian conditions over the 100,000 km(2) managed by the US federal government under the Northwest Forest Plan. The decision support system helped structure and document the assessment process and provided consistency and transparency to the evaluation methodology. However, many decisions and trade-offs were required in the expert engagement and model-building processes. Knowledge elicitation in an interactive group had a number of benefits over nominal group or Delphi processes, but efficient knowledge capture required considerable planning and expertise in the subject matter and modeling process. Communicating model results for validation was problematic and only effectively accomplished via in-person workshops. The choice to use different expert groups for each biophysical province provided more opportunities for participation and promoted greater ownership in the assessment, but it also led to increased variation among the resulting model structures. We propose three possible approaches for better managing the consistency of assessment models when multiple expert groups are involved. C1 [Gordon, Sean N.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. [Gallo, Kirsten] USDA Forest Serv, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Gordon, SN (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, 333 SW 1st Ave, Portland, OR 97205 USA. EM sgordon@fs.fed.us; kirsten_gallo@nps.gov NR 40 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 172 IS 1-4 BP 643 EP 661 DI 10.1007/s10661-010-1362-2 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 689VU UT WOS:000284959400048 PM 20306142 ER PT J AU Pratt, CB Adamolekun, W AF Pratt, Cornelius B. Adamolekun, Wole BE Nikolaev, AG TI An Ethical-Theory-Based Analysis of the Social Responsibilities of Three Global Corporations: ExxonMobil, Shell and Pfizer SO ETHICAL ISSUES IN INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE; PERSPECTIVE; RESOURCE; PROFITABILITY; COMPANIES; BUSINESS; SOCIETY; DELTA; FIRM C1 [Pratt, Cornelius B.] Temple Univ, Dept Strateg & Org Commun, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Pratt, Cornelius B.] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Pratt, Cornelius B.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Pratt, Cornelius B.] Howard Univ, Washington, DC 20059 USA. [Pratt, Cornelius B.] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Pratt, Cornelius B.] Weber State Univ, Ogden, UT 84408 USA. [Adamolekun, Wole] Univ Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria. [Adamolekun, Wole] African Publ Relat Assoc, Abuja, Nigeria. RP Pratt, CB (reprint author), Bingham Univ, New Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-230-30684-4 PY 2011 BP 154 EP 171 D2 10.1057/9780230306844 PG 18 WC Communication SC Communication GA BWL94 UT WOS:000294210400010 ER PT J AU Nimmakayala, P Vajja, G Gist, RA Tomason, YR Levi, A Reddy, UK AF Nimmakayala, Padma Vajja, Gopinath Gist, Renee A. Tomason, Yan R. Levi, Amnon Reddy, Umesh K. TI Effect of DNA methylation on molecular diversity of watermelon heirlooms and stability of methylation specific polymorphisms across the genealogies SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE mAFLP; Watermelon heirlooms; Methylation; Epigenetic diversity; Linkage disequilibrium ID CYTOSINE METHYLATION; GENETIC DIVERSITY; AFLP MARKERS; ARABIDOPSIS; SEQUENCES; SITES; TRANSCRIPTION; INHERITANCE; POLYPLOIDS; CULTIVARS AB American watermelon heirlooms are phenotypically diverse in terms of their growth habits, fruit traits and responses to biotic and abiotic stress. Wide ranging DNA marker tools resolved narrow molecular diversity among these collections. The current research explored additional insights such as extent of diversity at the methylation level among the watermelon cultivars. DNA profiles were generated using Methylation-sensitive AFLP assay for 47 watermelon heirlooms. Results indicated that methylation specific diversity (43%) in US watermelon heirlooms is higher than the diversity (19.8%) estimated by several investigators using conventional DNA markers. In tree topologies of Neighbor-Joining (NJ) phenograms, the clustering pattern of principal component analyses of separate data sets obtained from the methylation specific isoschizomers MspI and HpaII resolved the diversity associated with methylation. Methylation-induced clustering was further verified using model-based population structure analysis. Our study clearly revealed the extent of methylations that are shared between parental heirlooms and progeny heirlooms, when tracked in known genealogies and breeding histories of heirlooms. Methylation sites that were not carried over and de novo methylations in the progeny heirlooms were fewer, when compared to the methylations that are stable. C1 [Nimmakayala, Padma; Vajja, Gopinath; Gist, Renee A.; Tomason, Yan R.; Reddy, Umesh K.] W Virginia State Univ, Gus R Douglass Inst, Institute, WV 25112 USA. [Nimmakayala, Padma; Vajja, Gopinath; Gist, Renee A.; Tomason, Yan R.; Reddy, Umesh K.] W Virginia State Univ, Dept Biol, Institute, WV 25112 USA. [Levi, Amnon] ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Reddy, UK (reprint author), W Virginia State Univ, Gus R Douglass Inst, Institute, WV 25112 USA. EM ureddy@wvstateu.edu FU USDA-CSREES Research [2007-38814-18472] FX The authors are grateful to Drs. Vickie Woolf, Clint Magill and Gerry Hankins for their critical comments. Funding support is provided by USDA-CSREES Research (Grant #2007-38814-18472). NR 47 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JAN PY 2011 VL 177 IS 1 BP 79 EP 89 DI 10.1007/s10681-010-0259-z PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 685TK UT WOS:000284650800008 ER PT J AU Baer, DJ Novotny, JA Harris, GK Stote, K Clevidence, B Rumpler, WV AF Baer, D. J. Novotny, J. A. Harris, G. K. Stote, K. Clevidence, B. Rumpler, W. V. TI Oolong tea does not improve glucose metabolism in non-diabetic adults SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE oolong tea; catechin; polyphenol; diabetes; insulin; glucose ID TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; GREEN TEA; BLACK TEA; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; HEALTHY HUMANS; FAT OXIDATION; DOUBLE-BLIND; CONSUMPTION; COFFEE; RISK AB Background: Studies of the influence of tea on glucose metabolism have produced inconsistent results, possibly because of the lack of dietary control and/or unclear characterization of tea products. Methods: Therefore, a double-blind crossover study was conducted in which healthy males (n=19) consumed each of three oolong tea products or a control beverage as part of a controlled diet. Treatment beverages (1.4 l/day) were consumed for 5 days, followed by assessment of fasting plasma glucose, fasting serum insulin and an oral glucose tolerance test. Tea products included oolong tea, oolong tea with added catechins and oolong tea with added oolong tea polyphenols, and control beverages included caffeinated water and unsupplemented water. On the fifth day of each treatment period, treatment beverages were consumed with a standardized meal, and glucose and insulin responses were assessed for 240 min. Results: No significant differences were detected for fasting plasma glucose, fasting serum insulin, incremental plasma glucose area under the concentration time curve (AUC), total plasma glucose AUC or total serum insulin AUC. Conclusions: Neither oolong tea nor oolong tea supplemented with catechins or other polyphenols produced improved glucose metabolism in healthy adult volunteers on the basis of this highly controlled dietary intervention trial. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2011) 65, 87-93; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2010.192; published online 20 October 2010 C1 [Baer, D. J.] ARS, USDA, Food Components & Hlth Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Baer, DJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Food Components & Hlth Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Bldg 307B Ctr Rd,Room 213, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM David.Baer@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture and Suntory Limited FX Financial support for this study was from the US Department of Agriculture and Suntory Limited. Tea was provided by Suntory Limited. NR 27 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0954-3007 EI 1476-5640 J9 EUR J CLIN NUTR JI Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 65 IS 1 BP 87 EP 93 DI 10.1038/ejcn.2010.192 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 703ET UT WOS:000285960300014 PM 20959857 ER PT J AU Yu, H Chronis, D Lu, SW Wang, XH AF Yu, Hang Chronis, Demosthenis Lu, Shunwen Wang, Xiaohong TI Chorismate mutase: an alternatively spliced parasitism gene and a diagnostic marker for three important Globodera nematode species SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alternative splicing; intron retention; TaqMan qPCR ID POTATO CYST-NEMATODE; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; TABACUM; IDENTIFICATION; ROSTOCHIENSIS; POPULATIONS; ENHANCERS; PALLIDA; PLANTS; POLYMORPHISM AB The chorismate mutase gene is widely distributed in both cyst and root-knot nematode species and believed to play a critical role in nematode parasitism. In this study, we cloned a new chorismate mutase gene (Gt-cm-1) from Globodera tabacum and further characterized the gene structure in both G. tabacum and G. pallida, a closely related species of G. rostochiensis. The genomic clones of chorismate mutase genes from these two species were found to contain three introns with the second intron having unusual 5' and 3' splice sites. A previous study revealed that the chorismate mutase gene from G. rostochiensis is subject to alternative splicing through retention of intron 2, a process that allows for the generation of multiple mRNA transcripts from a single gene. As expected, we discovered that alternative splicing of the chorismate mutase gene is a conserved event in three Globodera species, supporting an important role of alternative splicing in regulating chorismate mutase gene function in plant parasitism by these nematodes. In addition to the potential suboptimal 5' and 3' splice sites and the small size of intron 2, detailed sequence analysis also identified candidate cis-acting elements that might be responsible for regulating intron retention of Globodera chorismate mutase genes. Based on genomic sequence variations observed, we developed TaqMan qPCR assays that provided a highly specific and sensitive identification of each Globodera species, revealing a new application of using the chorismate mutase gene as a valuable diagnostic marker for plant-parasitic nematodes. C1 [Yu, Hang; Wang, Xiaohong] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Chronis, Demosthenis; Wang, Xiaohong] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lu, Shunwen] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Wang, XH (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM xiaohong.wang@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS; USDA-APHIS FX We thank Melissa G. Mitchum for providing TCN and for critical review of this manuscript. We thank Eric Grenier for providing DNA from G. pallida populations originated from South Peru, Switzerland and UK, Geert Smant for providing DNA from PCN populations originated from the Netherlands, Guy Belair for providing DNA from G. rostochiensis populations originated from St.-Amable, Canada, Solke De Boer for providing DNA from PCN populations originated from Newfoundland, Canada, Robert Zemetra for providing G. pallida cysts originated from Idaho, U.S.A., and Eric Davis for providing Heterodera glycines and a second TCN population from North Carolina, U.S.A. This study was supported in part by funding from USDA-ARS and USDA-APHIS. NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 129 IS 1 BP 89 EP 102 DI 10.1007/s10658-010-9695-9 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 685AO UT WOS:000284596600009 ER PT J AU Ciosi, M Miller, NJ Toepfer, S Estoup, A Guillemaud, T AF Ciosi, M. Miller, N. J. Toepfer, S. Estoup, A. Guillemaud, T. TI Stratified dispersal and increasing genetic variation during the invasion of Central Europe by the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera SO EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE dispersal; invasive species; long-distance dispersal; microsatellites; range expansion; spatial genetic pattern ID MULTIPLE TRANSATLANTIC INTRODUCTIONS; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; DISTANCE SEED DISPERSAL; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; RANGE EXPANSION; CHRYSOMELIDAE POPULATIONS; EXPANDING POPULATIONS; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; LANDSCAPE GENETICS AB Invasive species provide opportunities for investigating evolutionary aspects of colonization processes, including initial foundations of populations and geographic expansion. Using microsatellite markers and historical information, we characterized the genetic patterns of the invasion of the western corn rootworm (WCR), a pest of corn crops, in its largest area of expansion in Europe: Central and South-Eastern (CSE) Europe. We found that the invaded area probably corresponds to a single expanding population resulting from a single introduction of WCR and that gene flow is geographically limited within the population. In contrast to what is expected in classical colonization processes, an increase in genetic variation was observed from the center to the edge of the outbreak. Control measures against WCR at the center of the outbreak may have decreased effective population size in this area which could explain this observed pattern of genetic variation. We also found that small remote outbreaks in southern Germany and north-eastern Italy most likely originated from long-distance dispersal events from CSE Europe. We conclude that the large European outbreak is expanding by stratified dispersal, involving both continuous diffusion and discontinuous long-distance dispersal. This latter mode of dispersal may accelerate the expansion of WCR in Europe in the future. C1 [Ciosi, M.; Guillemaud, T.] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, INRA, UMR IBSV 1301, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France. [Miller, N. J.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Genet Lab, Ames, IA USA. [Toepfer, S.] Plant Protect Directorate, CABI Europe Switzerland, Hodmezovasarhely, Hungary. [Estoup, A.] INRA, UMR CBGP, IRD, Cirad,Montpellier SupAgro, Montferrier Sur Lez, France. RP Ciosi, M (reprint author), Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, INRA, UMR IBSV 1301, 400 Route Chappes,BP 167, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France. EM marc_ciosi@yahoo.fr RI Miller, Nicholas/I-4119-2012; guillemaud, thomas/B-4899-2012 OI Miller, Nicholas/0000-0001-9827-8286; guillemaud, thomas/0000-0003-0451-1644 FU French Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-06-BDIV-008-01] FX For assistance with field sample acquisition in Central and South-Eastern Europe, we thank Drazen Dzoic, Marianna Scuzc, Ibolya Hatala-Zseller, Szeoeke Kalman, Tamas Hegyi, Laszle Vasas, Szilvia Kleineizel, Eva Komlosi Szabone, Lorinc Andrassy, Maria Veszelka Szantone, Marija Ivezic and Mirjana Brzmez. We also thank Lorenzo Furlan, Sharon Cheek, Joe Ostoja-Starzewski, Peter Baufeld, Dieter Eberhard and Ullrich Benker for their assistance with sample acquisition in other parts of Europe and Aurelie Blin, Pascal Chavigny and Alexandra Auguste-Maros for technical assistance. This work was funded by the Biodiversite program of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (project #ANR-06-BDIV-008-01). NR 77 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1752-4571 J9 EVOL APPL JI Evol. Appl. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 4 IS 1 BP 54 EP 70 DI 10.1111/j.1752-4571.2010.00133.x PG 17 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA 690LS UT WOS:000285006900005 PM 25567953 ER PT J AU Ibrahim, HMM Alkharouf, NW Meyer, SLF Aly, MAM El-Din, AEYG Hussein, EHA Matthews, BF AF Ibrahim, Heba M. M. Alkharouf, Nadim W. Meyer, Susan L. F. Aly, Mohammed A. M. El-Din, Abd El Kader Y. Gamal Hussein, Ebtissam H. A. Matthews, Benjamin F. TI Post-transcriptional gene silencing of root-knot nematode in transformed soybean roots SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gene silencing; RNA interference; RNAi; Resistance; In planta RNAi; Plant-parasitic nematode; Root-knot nematode (RKN); Meloidogyne incognita; Soybean; Glycine max; Root transformation ID PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; PLASMID CCDA PROTEIN; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; CYST-NEMATODE; INTERFERENCE; EXPRESSION; INFECTION AB RNAi constructs targeted to four different genes were examined to determine their efficacy to reduce galls formed by Meloidogyne incognita in soybean roots. These genes have high similarity with essential soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) and Caenorhabditis elegans genes. Transformed roots were challenged with M. incognita. Two constructs, targeted to genes encoding tyrosine phosphatase (TP) and mitochondrial stress-70 protein precursor (MSP), respectively, strongly interfered with M. incognita gall formation. The number of galls formed on roots transformed with constructs targeting the M. incognita TP and MSP genes was reduced by 92% and 94.7%, respectively. The diameter of M. incognita inside these transformed roots was 5.4 and 6.5 times less than the diameter of M. incognita found inside control plants transformed with the empty vector. These results indicate that silencing the genes encoding TP and MSP can greatly decrease gall formation and shows a promising solution for broadening resistance of plants against this plant-parasitic nematode. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Ibrahim, Heba M. M.; Meyer, Susan L. F.; Matthews, Benjamin F.] USDA, Inst Plant Sci, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Alkharouf, Nadim W.] Towson Univ, Dept Comp & Informat Sci, Towson, MD 21252 USA. [Ibrahim, Heba M. M.; Aly, Mohammed A. M.; El-Din, Abd El Kader Y. Gamal; Hussein, Ebtissam H. A.] Cairo Univ, Dept Genet, Fac Agr, Giza, Egypt. RP Matthews, BF (reprint author), USDA ARS, PSI, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 006, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM ben.matthews@ars.usda.gov FU United Soybean Board [Y9254]; US-Egypt joint Project [BIO8-001-002] FX The authors thank Peggy MacDonald for her excellent technical assistance and gratefully acknowledge support from United Soybean Board Project No. Y9254 and US-Egypt joint Project No. BIO8-001-002. NR 45 TC 36 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 127 IS 1 BP 90 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2010.06.037 PG 10 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 710BV UT WOS:000286486800016 PM 20599433 ER PT J AU Jang, SI Lillehoj, HS Lee, SH Lee, KW Lillehoj, EP Bertrand, F Dupuis, L Deville, S AF Jang, Seung I. Lillehoj, Hyun S. Lee, Sung Hyen Lee, Kyung Woo Lillehoj, Erik P. Bertrand, Francois Dupuis, Laurent Deville, Sebastien TI Montanide (TM) ISA 71 VG adjuvant enhances antibody and cell-mediated immune responses to profilin subunit antigen vaccination and promotes protection against Eimeria acervulina and Eimeria tenella SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Avian coccidiosis; Vaccine ID CYTOKINE RESPONSES; COCCIDIOSIS; VACCINES; IMMUNIZATION; CHICKENS; PROTEIN; STRATEGIES; RESISTANCE; INFECTION; MAXIMA AB The present study was conducted to investigate the immunoenhancing effects of Montanide (TM) ISA 71 VG adjuvant on profilin subunit antigen vaccination. Broiler chickens were immunized subcutaneously with a purified Eimeria acervulina recombinant profilin protein, either alone or mixed with ISA 71 VG, and host immune responses were evaluated. After secondary immunization, antigen-specific antibody and T-cell responses were higher in the group which received profilin plus ISA 71 VG compared with the other groups. Furthermore, body weight gains and fecal oocyst shedding were evaluated following oral challenge infection with live E. acervulina or Eimeria tenella oocysts. Vaccination with profilin plus ISA 71 VG reduced oocyst shedding compared with animals immunized with profilin alone. These results demonstrate that the recombinant profilin subunit vaccine, when given in combination with Montanide (TM) ISA 71 VG, augments protective immunity against E. acervulina and E. tenella. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Jang, Seung I.; Lillehoj, Hyun S.; Lee, Sung Hyen; Lee, Kyung Woo] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Bertrand, Francois; Dupuis, Laurent; Deville, Sebastien] Seppic, F-92800 Puteaux La Defense, France. [Jang, Seung I.] Inst Hlth & Environm, Taejon 305338, South Korea. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, 1043 BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Hyun.Lillehoj@ars.usda.gov FU ARS; USDA; Seppic, Inc. (Puteaux, France); Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of South Korea [R33-10013] FX This project was partially supported by a Trust agreement established between ARS, USDA and Seppic, Inc. (Puteaux, France) and the World Class University Program (R33-10013) of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of South Korea. The authors thank Ms. Margie Nichols and Ms. Stacy Torreyson for technical assistance. NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 127 IS 1 BP 178 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2010.07.021 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 710BV UT WOS:000286486800029 PM 20728439 ER PT J AU Yim, D Kang, SS Kim, DW Kim, SH Lillehoj, HS Min, W AF Yim, Dongjean Kang, Sang S. Kim, Dong W. Kim, Sang H. Lillehoj, Hyun S. Min, Wongi TI Protective effects of Aloe vera-based diets in Eimeria maxima-infected broiler chickens SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aloe vera; Coccidiosis; Eimeria; Chickens ID CRUDE-EXTRACT; IN-VITRO; COCCIDIOSIS; VACCINATION; IMMUNITY; SECUNDIFLORA; EFFICACY AB Aloes have been widely used for a broad range of pharmacological activities, including parasitic problems. Avian coccidiosis is the most costly and wide-spread parasitic disease in the poultry industry, and has been mainly controlled by the use of chemotherapeutic agents. Due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains, alternative control strategies are needed. In this study, the protective effects of Aloe vera-based diets were assessed in broiler chickens following oral infection with Eimeria maxima. Chickens were fed a regular diet supplemented with ground Aloe vera throughout the duration of the experiment beginning 2 days prior to infection with 1 x 10(4) sporulated oocysts of E. maxima. No significant differences were found in body weight gain or loss between the Aloe vera-supplemented and unsupplemented groups with or without E. maxima infections. Fecal oocyst shedding decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in all of the treatment groups that were supplemented with Aloe vera as compared to the unsupplemented group. Furthermore, the Aloe vera-supplemented group showed significantly fewer intestinal lesions (p < 0.05) than the unsupplemented group following infection. The findings of this study suggest that Aloe vera could be used an alternative treatment for controlling avian coccidiosis. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Yim, Dongjean; Min, Wongi] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Coll Vet Med, Jinju 660701, Gyeongnam, South Korea. [Yim, Dongjean; Min, Wongi] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Life Sci Res Inst, Jinju 660701, Gyeongnam, South Korea. [Yim, Dongjean; Kang, Sang S.] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Sch Med, Inst Hlth Sci, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Jinju 660751, South Korea. [Kim, Dong W.; Kim, Sang H.] RDA, Natl Inst Anim Sci, Cheonan 330801, South Korea. [Lillehoj, Hyun S.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Min, W (reprint author), Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Coll Vet Med, 900 Gajwa Dong, Jinju 660701, Gyeongnam, South Korea. EM wongimin@gnu.ac.kr OI Min, Wongi/0000-0003-2437-7366 FU Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [R33-10013]; Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ007611201006] FX This research was carried out with the WCU program (R33-10013) through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, and the support of Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development (PJ007611201006), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 127 IS 1 BP 322 EP 325 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2010.08.010 PG 4 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 710BV UT WOS:000286486800051 PM 20723543 ER PT J AU Thompson, D Cullen, KW Reed, DB Konzelmann, K Smalling, AL AF Thompson, Debbe Cullen, Karen Weber Reed, Debra B. Konzelmann, Karen Smalling, Aggie Lara TI Formative Assessment in the Development of an Obesity Prevention Component for the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program in Texas SO FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE curriculum development; nutrition; obesity ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; DIETARY-INTAKE; LOW-INCOME; PARENTS; OVERWEIGHT; CHILDREN; MOTHERS; VEGETABLES; FAMILIES AB This study conducted formative research (surveys, focus groups) to assess the nutrition education needs of clients in the Texas Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program prior to curriculum revision. Participants were current Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program participants in 3 Texas cities (Austin, Houston, San Antonio). Data were used to tailor the curriculum to the target population. This research provides evidence that members of the target audience can provide valuable insights into a particular topic. Formative work prior to intervention development should be conducted to identify key issues regarding a particular topic and to evaluate potential educational approaches. C1 [Thompson, Debbe; Cullen, Karen Weber; Konzelmann, Karen] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Reed, Debra B.] Texas Tech Univ, Coll Human Nutr Sci, Dept Nutr Hospitality & Retailing, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Smalling, Aggie Lara] Vet Adm Hosp, Houston, TX USA. RP Thompson, D (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM dit@bcm.tmc.edu NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0160-6379 J9 FAM COMMUNITY HEALTH JI Fam. Community Health PD JAN-MAR PY 2011 VL 34 IS 1 BP 61 EP 71 DI 10.1097/FCH.0b013e3181fdeb3f PG 11 WC Family Studies; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Family Studies; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 690XS UT WOS:000285044000008 PM 21135629 ER PT J AU Meyer, MD Safford, HD AF Meyer, Marc D. Safford, Hugh D. TI GIANT SEQUOIA REGENERATION IN GROVES EXPOSED TO WILDFIRE AND RETENTION HARVEST SO FIRE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE canopy gap; giant sequoia; regeneration; retention harvest; wildfire AB Both wildland fire and mechanical harvest have been proposed to achieve ecological restoration goals in giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum [Lindl.] Buchholz) groves of the southern Sierra Nevada, but their effectiveness on giant sequoia regeneration has received little attention. In the summer of 2010, we examined giant sequoia regeneration in four groves subjected to: 1) moderate- to high-severity wildfire in 1987 (Case Mountain, Redwood Mountain groves), 2) low-severity wildfire in 2008 (Black Mountain grove), 3) retention harvest (removal of all trees except large-diameter giant sequoia) followed by prescribed burning in the mid-1980s (Black Mountain, Bearskin groves), and 4) nearby unburned and unharvested (control) stands in all groves. Density of giant sequoia regeneration was greater in the moderate-and high-severity wildfire stands than control stands, but there was no difference in giant sequoia regeneration between low-severity burned and control stands. Stands thinned by retention harvest and prescribed burning had greater giant sequoia regeneration than control stands. Across all control and low-to moderate- severity wildfire stands, giant sequoia regeneration was positively associated with canopy gaps. In wildfire and retention harvest stands, giant sequoia regeneration was positively associated with distance to gap edge, direct and indirect solar radiation, and soil moisture. Our results corroborate previous studies in finding that giant sequoia regeneration benefits from fire. Both wildfire and prescribed fire (preceded by harvest or not) can serve to promote giant sequoia regeneration, providing that fire intensity is sufficient to create canopy gaps, increase understory light, and remove surface litter. C1 [Meyer, Marc D.] Pacific Southwest Reg, US Forest Serv, Clovis, CA 93611 USA. [Safford, Hugh D.] Pacific Southwest Reg, US Forest Serv, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. RP Meyer, MD (reprint author), Pacific Southwest Reg, US Forest Serv, 1600 Tollhouse Rd, Clovis, CA 93611 USA. EM mdmeyer@fs.fed.us FU Save the Redwoods League Research Grant Program; USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Region FX Funding for this project was provided by Save the Redwoods League Research Grant Program and the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Region. The Sequoia National Forest/Giant Sequoia National Monument and Bureau of Land Management generously granted access to giant sequoia groves in our study. We sincerely thank Stephanie Eyes and Miranda Middleton for their assistance in field data collection. We acknowledge Steve Hanna, Larry Burd, George Powell, Elizabeth Wood, Robert Sanders, Michael Price, Jim Whitfield, and Tina Terrell with the USDA Forest Service, Denis Kearns with the Bureau of Land Management Bakersfield Field Office, and Susan Roberts with the US Geological Survey, for their technical and logistic assistance. We thank two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 35 PU ASSOC FIRE ECOLOGY PI EUGENE PA PO BOX 50412, EUGENE, OR 97405 USA SN 1933-9747 J9 FIRE ECOL JI Fire Ecol. PY 2011 VL 7 IS 2 BP 2 EP 16 DI 10.4996/fireecology.0702002 PG 15 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA V28VH UT WOS:000208707800002 ER PT J AU Pinchot, G AF Pinchot, Gifford TI THE RELATION OF FORESTS AND FOREST FIRES SO FIRE ECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Pinchot, G (reprint author), USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC FIRE ECOLOGY PI EUGENE PA PO BOX 50412, EUGENE, OR 97405 USA SN 1933-9747 J9 FIRE ECOL JI Fire Ecol. PY 2011 VL 7 IS 3 BP 3 EP 11 PG 9 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA V28VI UT WOS:000208707900003 ER PT J AU Van de Water, KM Safford, HD AF Van de Water, Kip M. Safford, Hugh D. TI A SUMMARY OF FIRE FREQUENCY ESTIMATES FOR CALIFORNIA VEGETATION BEFORE EURO-AMERICAN SETTLEMENT SO FIRE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE California; fire frequency; fire history; fire return interval; FRID; presettlement fire regime AB California fire regimes have been altered from those that occurred prior to Euro-American settlement, and are predicted to continue to change as global climates warm. Inclusion of fire as a landscape-level process is considered essential to successful ecological restoration in many ecosystems, and presettlement fire regimes provide foundational information for restoration or "realignment" of ecosystems as climate change and land use changes progress. The objective of our study was to provide an up-to-date, comprehensive summary of presettlement fire frequency estimates for California ecosystems dominated by woody plants, and to supply the basis for fire return interval departure (FRID) mapping and analysis in California. Using the LANDFIRE Biophysical Settings (BpS) vegetation-fire regime types as a framework, we used literature review and the outcomes of regional expert workshops to develop twenty-eight presettlement fire regime (PFR) groups based on similarity of their relationships with fire. We then conducted an exhaustive review of the published and unpublished literature pertaining to fire return intervals (FRIs) observed prior to significant Euro-American settlement in the twenty-eight PFRs, and summarized the values to provide a single estimate of the mean, median, mean minimum, and mean maximum FRI for each PFR. Much variability was evident among PFRs, with mean FRIs ranging from 11 yr to 610 yr, and median FRIs ranging from 7 yr to 610 yr; mean minimum FRIs ranged from 5 yr to 190 yr, and mean maximum FRIs ranged from 40 yr to 1440 yr. There was also high variability within many PFRs, and differences between minimum and maximum FRIs ranged from 32 yr to 1324 yr. Generally, median FRIs were lowest for productive drier forests such as yellow pine, dry and moist mixed conifer, and oak woodland (7 yr, 9 yr, 12 yr, and 12 yr, respectively). Median FRIs were highest for less productive woodlands such as pinyon-juniper (94 yr), high elevation types such as subalpine forest (132 yr), very dry types such as desert mixed shrub (610 yr), and productive moist forests such as spruce-hemlock (275 yr mean FRI). Our summary of California's presettlement fire regimes should be a useful reference for scientists and resource managers, whether they are seeking a general estimate of the central tendency and variability of FRIs in a broadly defined vegetation type, background information for a planned restoration project or a mechanistic model of vegetation-fire interactions, or a list of literature pertaining to a specific vegetation type or geographic location. C1 [Van de Water, Kip M.] US Forest Serv, Plumas Natl Forest, Oroville, CA 95965 USA. [Safford, Hugh D.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Reg, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. [Safford, Hugh D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Safford, HD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Reg, 1323 Club Dr, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. EM hughsafford@fs.fed.us FU Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region Ecology Program FX We thank C. Skinner, C. Chang, S. Stephens, R. Martin, N. Clinton, E. Heyerdahl, D. Berry, J. Agee, T. Keeler-Wolf, J. Sawyer, and all of the authors of species reports in the Fire Effects Information System for their previous work compiling fire history literature, which greatly aided our efforts. We also thank D. Schmidt for developing the first generation FRID maps for southern California and supporting metadata, which formed a basis for this paper. Funding for this project was provided by the Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region Ecology Program. NR 327 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 5 U2 25 PU ASSOC FIRE ECOLOGY PI EUGENE PA PO BOX 50412, EUGENE, OR 97405 USA SN 1933-9747 J9 FIRE ECOL JI Fire Ecol. PY 2011 VL 7 IS 3 BP 26 EP 58 DI 10.4996/fireecology.0703026 PG 33 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA V28VI UT WOS:000208707900005 ER PT J AU Engber, EA Varner, JM Arguello, LA Sugihara, NG AF Engber, Eamon A. Varner, J. Morgan, III Arguello, Leonel A. Sugihara, Neil G. TI THE EFFECTS OF CONIFER ENCROACHMENT AND OVERSTORY STRUCTURE ON FUELS AND FIRE IN AN OAK WOODLAND LANDSCAPE SO FIRE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bald Hills; ecological restoration; flammability; niche construction; Quercus garryana; savannas AB The role of fire in the maintenance of oak-dominated ecosystems is widely recognized. Fire exclusion results in structural and compositional shifts that alter fuelbed composition and structure, together influencing fire behavior and effects. To clarify the influence of overstory structure on fuels and fire intensity in oak woodlands and savannas, we examined fuelbeds across a gradient from open grassland to Douglas-fir- (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) invaded Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana Douglas ex Hook.) woodland in the Bald Hills of Redwood National Park, California, USA. Herbaceous mass decreased markedly from a high in grasslands (3.38 Mg ha(-1)) to a low in invaded woodlands (0.03 Mg ha(-1)), whereas leaf litter and woody fuel mass increased substantially along this gradient. Mean fire temperatures at 30 cm height ranged from 74.7 degrees C in invaded woodland up to 207.9 degrees C in grassland. Highly flammable grassland and savanna communities maintain heavy herbaceous mass, but low woody mass, favoring quickspreading, relatively high-intensity fires. The encroachment of Douglas-fir into grasslands and oak-dominated communities dampens flammability through changes in fuelbed composition and structure (e.g., the replacement of herbaceous fuels with woody fuels), underscoring the necessity for ecological restoration efforts that focus on fuelbed structure in addition to other common restoration goals. C1 [Engber, Eamon A.; Varner, J. Morgan, III] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Forestry & Wildland Resources, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Arguello, Leonel A.] Redwood Natl Pk, Orick, CA 95555 USA. [Sugihara, Neil G.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Reg, Mcclellan, CA 95652 USA. RP Engber, EA (reprint author), Humboldt State Univ, Dept Forestry & Wildland Resources, 1 Harpst St, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM eamon.engber@gmail.com RI Clark, Stacy/I-3410-2015 FU National Park Service Klamath Network Monitoring and Assessment Program; Redwood National Park FX Funding for this research was provided by the National Park Service Klamath Network Monitoring and Assessment Program and Redwood National Park. We appreciate the field and lab assistance provided by L. Quinn-Davidson, E. Banwell, B. Mueller, C. Benson, J. Wheeler, C. DaSilva, H. Kuljian, M. Cocking, D. Matheson, P. Cigan, and E. Johnson. Thoughtful comments on experimental design and statistical analysis were provided by C. Edgar. We are grateful to managers at Redwood National Park (J. McClelland, R. Young, and J. Beck) for providing access to burn units and supplemental site information. NR 66 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 17 PU ASSOC FIRE ECOLOGY PI EUGENE PA PO BOX 50412, EUGENE, OR 97405 USA SN 1933-9747 J9 FIRE ECOL JI Fire Ecol. PY 2011 VL 7 IS 2 BP 32 EP 50 DI 10.4996/fireecology.0702032 PG 19 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA V28VH UT WOS:000208707800004 ER PT J AU Hunter, ME Iniguez, JM Lentile, LB AF Hunter, Molly E. Iniguez, Jose M. Lentile, Leigh B. TI SHORT- AND LONG-TERM EFFECTS ON FUELS, FOREST STRUCTURE, AND WILDFIRE POTENTIAL FROM PRESCRIBED FIRE AND RESOURCE BENEFIT FIRE IN SOUTHWESTERN FORESTS, USA SO FIRE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Canopy bulk density; crown fire; fuel loading; prescribed fire AB Prescribed and resource benefit fires are used to manage fuels in fire-prone landscapes in the Southwest. These practices, however, typically occur under different conditions, potentially leading to differences in fire behavior and effects. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of recent prescribed fires, resource benefit fires, and repeated fires in ponderosa pine forests, as well as recent resource benefit fires in pinyon-juniper woodlands. The Gila National Forest was the study area because it has a rich history of using fire as a restoration tool. In each vegetation type, fuels and stand structure were sampled using random plots stratified by burn severity in resource benefit fires. In ponderosa pine, sampling and analysis also included prescribed fire and areas subject to repeated resource benefit fires. To assess potential fire behavior, we used the crown fire behavior prediction model Nexus using ninetieth percentile weather conditions. In ponderosa pine forests, surface fuels were similar between prescribed fires and low severity resource benefit fires. However, resource benefit fires significantly reduced basal area, resulting in lower loading of canopy fuels and crown fire potential. Additionally, effects of resource benefit fire on stand structure and fuels seem to be sustained in areas that burned in two or three resource benefit fires in the last century. In pinyon-juniper woodlands, resource benefit low severity fires had no effect on surface or canopy fuel loads. Moderate severity resource benefit fires, on the other hand, did significantly reduce surface and canopy fuel loads. Results from this study are pertinent to fire and fuels managers throughout the southwestern United States who utilize prescribed and resource benefit fire to reduce fuel loads and restore historical forest conditions. C1 [Hunter, Molly E.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Iniguez, Jose M.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Lentile, Leigh B.] Univ South, Dept Forestry & Geol, Sewanee, TN 37383 USA. RP Hunter, ME (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, POB 15018, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM molly.hunter@nau.edu FU Joint Fire Science Program; USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station; Northern Arizona University School of Forestry FX We thank field assistants Kevin Keith and Zebb Andrews for their hard work and attention to detail in this project. We thank several Gila NF staff, including Toby Richards, Pete Delgado, and Paul Womack for giving assistance and logistical support. Funding for this project came from the Joint Fire Science Program, the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, and the Northern Arizona University School of Forestry. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 29 PU ASSOC FIRE ECOLOGY PI EUGENE PA PO BOX 50412, EUGENE, OR 97405 USA SN 1933-9747 J9 FIRE ECOL JI Fire Ecol. PY 2011 VL 7 IS 3 BP 108 EP 121 DI 10.4996/fireecology.0703108 PG 14 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA V28VI UT WOS:000208707900009 ER PT J AU Shoemaker, CA Klesius, PH Drennan, JD Evans, JJ AF Shoemaker, Craig A. Klesius, Phillip H. Drennan, John D. Evans, Joyce J. TI Efficacy of a modified live Flavobacterium columnare vaccine in fish SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Flavobacterium columnare; Modified live vaccine; Freshwater fish ID CATFISH ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; CHANNEL CATFISH; RAINBOW-TROUT; FEED DEPRIVATION; IMMUNIZATION; ONTOGENY; STRAINS; FRY; AQUACULTURE; RESISTANCE AB Flavobacterium columnare is an aquatic bacterium that is responsible for columnaris disease. This aquatic pathogen has a worldwide distribution and is highly infectious to both warm and cold water fish. A modified live F. columnare vaccine was developed by repeated passage of a virulent strain on increasing concentrations of rifampicin that resulted in attenuation. Here we report vaccination/challenge trials to evaluate efficacy and safety. In separate laboratory trials, immersion vaccination of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fry between 10 to 48 days post hatch (DPH) with experimental vaccine or licensed product resulted in relative percent survival (RPS) between 57-94% following challenge. Similarly, a vaccination/challenge trial using largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) fry at 10 DPH was performed using various doses of licensed product under laboratory conditions. Results demonstrated safety of the vaccine and significant protection following challenge with RPS values between 74-94%, depending on vaccine dose. Together, these trials demonstrate the vaccine administered to early life-stage channel catfish and largemouth bass is safe and reduces mortality following challenge with F columnare. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Shoemaker, Craig A.; Klesius, Phillip H.; Evans, Joyce J.] ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, USDA, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Drennan, John D.] Intervet Schering Plough Anim Hlth, Elkhorn, NE 68022 USA. RP Shoemaker, CA (reprint author), ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, USDA, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM craig.shoemaker@ars.usda.gov FU Intervet/Schering-Plough Animal Health [58-3K95-6-113]; USDA-ARS [58-3K95-6-113]; CRIS Project 'Integrated Aquatic Animal Health Strategies' [6420-32000-024-00D] FX We thank Diane Counts (Intervet/Schering-Plough), Paige Mumma, Alberta Pink and the animal caretakers (Curtis Day and Jeff McVicker) of the USDA-ARS, Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit for their excellent technical contributions. This work was supported by a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA No. 58-3K95-6-113) between Intervet/Schering-Plough Animal Health and USDA-ARS. The work was also supported by USDA-ARS, CRIS Project 'Integrated Aquatic Animal Health Strategies' (CRIS No. 6420-32000-024-00D). NR 42 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 30 IS 1 BP 304 EP 308 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2010.11.001 PG 5 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 715SF UT WOS:000286905800038 PM 21059396 ER PT J AU Kongchum, P Hallerman, EM Hulata, G David, L Palti, Y AF Kongchum, Pawapol Hallerman, Eric M. Hulata, Gideon David, Lior Palti, Yniv TI Molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of TLR9, MyD88 and TRAF6 genes in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Innate immunity; TLR9; MyD88; TRAF6; Gene duplication ID TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; C-MYC GENES; NF-KAPPA-B; CPG OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; PATHOGEN RECOGNITION; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; TETRAPLOID FISH AB Induction of innate immune pathways is critical for early host defense, but there is limited understanding of how teleost fishes recognize pathogen molecules and activate these pathways. In mammals, cells of the innate immune system detect pathogenic molecular structures using pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). TLR9 functions as a PRR that recognizes CpG motifs in bacterial and viral DNA and requires adaptor molecules MyD88 and TRAF6 for signal transduction. Here we report full-length cDNA isolation, structural characterization and tissue mRNA expression analysis of the common carp (cc) TLR9, MyD88 and TRAF6 gene orthologs. The ccTLR9 open-reading frame (ORF) is predicted to encode a 1064-amino acid (aa) protein. We found that MyD88 and TRAF6 genes are duplicated in common carp. This is the first report of TRAF6 duplication in a vertebrate genome and stronger evidence in support of MyD88 duplication is provided. The ccMyD88a and b ORFs are predicted to encode 288-aa and 284-aa peptides, respectively. They share 91% aa sequence identity between paralogs. The ccTRAF6a and b ORFs are both predicted to encode 543-aa peptides sharing 95% aa sequence identity between paralogs. The ccTLR9 gene is contained in a single large exon. The ccMyD88a and ccMyD88b coding sequences span five exons. The TRAF6b gene spans six exons. PCR amplification to obtain the entire coding sequence of ccTRAF6a gene was not successful. The 2104-bp fragment amplified covers the 3' end of the gene and it contains a partial sequence of one exon and three complete exons. The predicated protein domains of the ccTLR9, ccMyD88 and ccTRAF6 are conserved and resemble orthologs from other vertebrates. Real-time quantitative PCR assays of the ccTLR9, MyD88a and b, and TRAF6a and b gene transcripts in healthy common carp indicated that mRNA expression varied between tissues. Differential expression of duplicate copies were found for ccMyD88 and ccTRAF6 in white and red muscle tissues, suggesting that paralogs may have evolved and attained a new function. The genomic information we describe in this paper provides evidence of sequence and structural conservation of immune response genes in common carp. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kongchum, Pawapol; Palti, Yniv] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Kongchum, Pawapol; Hallerman, Eric M.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Hulata, Gideon] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Inst Anim Sci, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [David, Lior] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Anim Sci, RH Smith Fac Agr Food & Environm, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. RP Palti, Y (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM yniv.palti@ars.usda.gov RI Hulata, Gideon/B-4238-2008; David, Lior/G-8754-2012 OI Hulata, Gideon/0000-0001-7318-7505; David, Lior/0000-0002-6555-0594 FU US-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund [IS-3997-07]; Royal Thai Government; Virginia Agricultural Experimental Station through the USDA-NIFA FX This study was supported by a grant from the US-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (Project No. IS-3997-07). P.K. was also supported by a Royal Thai Government doctoral scholarship. E.H. is supported by Virginia Agricultural Experimental Station through the USDA-NIFA Hatch Program. We thank Kristy Shewbridge, Roseanna Long, Brian Smith, Meghan Manor and Dr. Beth Cleveland for their technical assistance. We are very grateful to Naparat Prapaiwong and Mark Peterman at the E. W. Shell Fisheries Center, Auburn University, AL, USA for their help with the experimental fish. We also thank Dr. Gregory Wiens for reviewing this manuscript. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 58 TC 35 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 30 IS 1 BP 361 EP 371 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2010.11.012 PG 11 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 715SF UT WOS:000286905800046 PM 21087670 ER PT J AU Yu, FH Schutz, M Page-Dumroese, DS Krusi, BO Schneller, J Wildi, O Risch, AC AF Yu, Fei-Hai Schuetz, Martin Page-Dumroese, Deborah S. Kruesi, Bertil O. Schneller, Jakob Wildi, Otto Risch, Anita C. TI Carex sempervirens tussocks induce spatial heterogeneity in litter decomposition, but not in soil properties, in a subalpine grassland in the Central Alps SO FLORA LA English DT Article DE Carbon; Nitrogen; Swiss National Park; Small-scale heterogeneity; Tussock size ID NUTRIENT HETEROGENEITY; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; RESOURCE HETEROGENEITY; NITROGEN ACCUMULATION; ERIOPHORUM-VAGINATUM; PERENNIAL GRASSES; INDIVIDUAL PLANTS; ORGANIC-MATTER; FOREST; COMMUNITY AB Tussocks of graminoids can induce spatial heterogeneity in soil properties in dry areas with discontinuous vegetation cover, but little is known about the situation in areas with continuous vegetation and no study has tested whether tussocks can induce spatial heterogeneity in litter decomposition. In a subalpine grassland in the Central Alps where vegetation cover is continuous, we measured soil properties [concentration of N, C, organic matter (OM) and pH] and monitored litter decomposition traits (dry mass loss, loss of C, N, P and K) inside and outside tussocks of Carex sempervirens. Soil C, N, OM concentrations or pH inside tussocks did not differ significantly from those outside tussocks. After 1 year of decomposition, litter dry mass loss, C and K loss were significantly smaller inside than outside tussocks. The slower litter decomposition inside tussocks was likely caused by the elevated tussock base, which made environmental conditions inside tussocks much dryer than those outside in early spring when snow melts. Our results suggest that in areas with continuous vegetation cover tussocks induce spatial heterogeneity in litter decomposition but not in soil properties. (C) 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Yu, Fei-Hai] Beijing Forestry Univ, Coll Nat Conservat, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Yu, Fei-Hai; Schuetz, Martin; Kruesi, Bertil O.; Wildi, Otto; Risch, Anita C.] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Page-Dumroese, Deborah S.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Schneller, Jakob] Univ Zurich, Inst Systemat Bot, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland. [Kruesi, Bertil O.] Univ Appl Sci Waedenswil ZHAW, CH-8820 Wadenswil, Switzerland. RP Yu, FH (reprint author), Beijing Forestry Univ, Coll Nat Conservat, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM feihaiyu@bjfu.edu.cn RI Risch, Anita/A-9836-2012; Yu, Fei-Hai/O-9395-2016 OI Risch, Anita/0000-0003-0531-8336; Yu, Fei-Hai/0000-0001-5007-1745 FU Swiss National Science Foundation [3100-064158.00/1]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities FX We thank Joanne M. Tirocke for help with soil analyses, Dr. Yu Cu for assistance with litter chemical analyses, and the administration of the Swiss National Park for permission to carry out this study. This research was supported by the financial support from Swiss National Science Foundation (3100-064158.00/1). F.-H. Yu was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities during the writing of this paper. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0367-2530 J9 FLORA JI Flora PY 2011 VL 206 IS 4 BP 373 EP 379 DI 10.1016/j.flora.2010.08.003 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 765GZ UT WOS:000290694800013 ER PT B AU Souki, A Almarza, J Cano, C Vargas, ME Inglett, GE AF Souki, Aida Almarza, Johan Cano, Climaco Vargas, Maria Eugenia Inglett, George E. BE Preedy, VR Watson, RR Patel, VB TI Metabolic Effects of beta-Glucans Addition to Corn Maize Flour SO FLOUR AND BREADS AND THEIR FORTIFICATION IN HEALTH AND DISEASE PREVENTION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID INSULIN RESPONSES; POSTPRANDIAL GLUCOSE; GLYCEMIC INDEX; HEALTHY HUMANS; PLASMA-GLUCOSE; DIETARY FIBER; HIGH AMYLOSE; BARLEY; OAT; PRODUCTS C1 [Souki, Aida; Almarza, Johan; Cano, Climaco; Vargas, Maria Eugenia] Univ Zulia, Sect Paraiso, Ctr Invest Endocrinometab Dr Felix Gomez, Fac Med, Maracaibo 4011, Venezuela. [Inglett, George E.] ARS, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. RP Souki, A (reprint author), Univ Zulia, Sect Paraiso, Ctr Invest Endocrinometab Dr Felix Gomez, Fac Med, Maracaibo 4011, Venezuela. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-12-380887-5 PY 2011 BP 451 EP 461 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-380886-8.10041-8 PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA BFK16 UT WOS:000320186900042 ER PT J AU Abbas, HK Zablotowicz, RM Horn, BW Phillips, NA Johnson, BJ Jin, X Abel, CA AF Abbas, H. K. Zablotowicz, R. M. Horn, B. W. Phillips, N. A. Johnson, B. J. Jin, X. Abel, C. A. TI Comparison of major biocontrol strains of non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus for the reduction of aflatoxins and cyclopiazonic acid in maize SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE mycology; microbiology; risk assessment; aflatoxins; mycotoxins; fungi; cereals ID VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY GROUPS; BT-CORN; INTRASPECIFIC COMPETITION; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; SECTION FLAVI; UNITED-STATES; A-TAMARII; P53 GENE; MYCOTOXIN AB Biological control of toxigenic Aspergillus flavus in maize through competitive displacement by non-aflatoxigenic strains was evaluated in a series of field studies. Four sets of experiments were conducted between 2007 and 2009 to assess the competitiveness of non-aflatoxigenic strains when challenged against toxigenic strains using a pin-bar inoculation technique. In three sets of experiments the non-aflatoxigenic strain K49 effectively displaced toxigenic strains at various concentrations or combinations. The fourth study compared the relative competitiveness of three non-aflatoxigenic strains (K49, NRRL 21882 from Afla-Guard (R), and AF36) when challenged on maize against two aflatoxin- and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA)-producing strains (K54 and F3W4). These studies indicate that K49 and NRRL 21882 are superior to AF36 in reducing total aflatoxin contamination. Neither K49 nor NRRL 21882 produce CPA and when challenged with K54 and F3W4, CPA and aflatoxins were reduced by 84-97% and 83-98%, respectively. In contrast, AF36 reduced aflatoxins by 20% with F3W4 and 93% with K54 and showed no reduction in CPA with F3W4 and only a 62% reduction in CPA with K54. Because AF36 produces CPA, high levels of CPA accumulate when maize is inoculated with AF36 alone or in combination with F3W4 or K54. These results indicate that K49 may be equally effective as NRRL 21882 in reducing both aflatoxins and CPA in maize. C1 [Abbas, H. K.; Phillips, N. A.; Johnson, B. J.] ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Zablotowicz, R. M.] ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Horn, B. W.] ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. [Jin, X.] ARS, Biol Control Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Abel, C. A.] Iowa State Univ, Corn Insect & Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, ARS, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Abbas, HK (reprint author), ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM Hamed.Abbas@ars.usda.gov OI Zablotowicz, Robert/0000-0001-8070-1998 FU ARS [6402-42000-003-00D] FX The authors appreciate the technical assistance of Mr Owen Houston for establishing field tests. The authors thank Dr John Richard for providing background information on CPA. This research was funded by ARS Project #6402-42000-003-00D. The mention of trade names or commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 49 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1944-0049 J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PY 2011 VL 28 IS 2 BP 198 EP 208 AR PII 932607091 DI 10.1080/19440049.2010.544680 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 719LR UT WOS:000287206700009 PM 21259141 ER PT J AU Molyneux, RJ Gardner, DL Colegate, SM Edgar, JA AF Molyneux, R. J. Gardner, D. L. Colegate, S. M. Edgar, J. A. TI Pyrrolizidine alkaloid toxicity in livestock: a paradigm for human poisoning? SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE exposure assessment; toxicology; animal study; metabolism; chromatographic analysis; natural toxicants; alkaloids; animal feed; cereals and grain; dietary supplements; honey ID RAGWORT SENECIO-JACOBAEA; VENO-OCCLUSIVE DISEASE; LC-MS ANALYSIS; AGERATUM-CONYZOIDES; ACUTE AFLATOXICOSIS; RANGE PLANTS; N-OXIDES; CATTLE; LIVER; METABOLITES AB Livestock poisoning, primarily liver damage, caused by consumption of plants containing 1,2-dehydropyrrolizidine ester alkaloids (dehydroPAs), and the corresponding N-oxides, is a relatively common occurrence worldwide. Because of the economic impact, extensive investigations of such episodes have been performed, particularly in Australia, South Africa the United States and, more recently, South America. Plant species most commonly involved are members of the families Boraginaceae, Asteraceae and Leguminosae. These may be native species that periodically flourish under particular climatic conditions or introduced species that thrive in the absence of natural control factors such as herbivory and competition. Contamination of grain crops with dehydroPA-producing plants has resulted in large-scale incidents of food poisoning in humans, with high morbidity and mortality, especially in Africa and in central and south Asia, with recent episodes in Afghanistan and possibly Ethiopia. Attention has recently focused on the potential for low levels of dehydroPAs to contaminate many food products in developed countries, possibly leading to progressive, chronic diseases that may not include overt hepatotoxicity. This overview examines the potential for better control of exposure and means of monitoring dehydroPA intake by extrapolation of knowledge gained from animal studies to the human situation. C1 [Molyneux, R. J.] Univ Hawaii, Coll Pharm, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Gardner, D. L.; Colegate, S. M.] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Edgar, J. A.] CSIRO Food & Nutr Sci, N Ryde, NSW, Australia. RP Molyneux, RJ (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Coll Pharm, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM molyneux@hawaii.edu FU National Institutes of Health [60-5428-9-451] FX The advice and encouragement of Dr Joerg Stroka in preparing this overview is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also thank Dr Joseph M. Betz, Director, Dietary Supplement Methods and Reference Materials Program, Office of Dietary Supplements, for advice and partial support of this work through the National Institutes of Health Interagency Agreement, No. 60-5428-9-451 'Development and Validation of Selected Methodology for the Determination of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Dietary Supplements'. Dr Francis Williams, Combined Security Transition Command, Kabul, Afghanistan, is thanked for personal communications regarding the situation with respect to 'charmak' disease in Afghanistan. Dr E. Danielle Rentz and Colleen Martin, and Dr Arunmozhi Balajee and Dr Eszter Deak, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, are gratefully acknowledged for providing samples of millet and teff from Tigray, and for preliminary results on analysis of aflatoxins in Ethiopian grain samples, respectively. NR 63 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 4 U2 26 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1944-0049 J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PY 2011 VL 28 IS 3 BP 293 EP 307 AR PII 934030466 DI 10.1080/19440049.2010.547519 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 726RV UT WOS:000287744700004 PM 21360375 ER PT J AU Edgar, JA Colegate, SM Boppre, M Molyneux, RJ AF Edgar, J. A. Colegate, S. M. Boppre, M. Molyneux, R. J. TI Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in food: a spectrum of potential health consequences SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE toxicology; exposure; health significance; natural toxicants; alkaloids; animal products; meat; honey; cereals and grain; milk ID INDIAN CHILDHOOD CIRRHOSIS; VENO-OCCLUSIVE DISEASE; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; LC-MS ANALYSIS; PULMONARY-HYPERTENSION; VENOOCCLUSIVE DISEASE; SENECIO-JACOBAEA; NONHUMAN PRIMATES; N-OXIDES; CARCINOGENIC ACTIVITY AB Contamination of grain with 1,2-dehydropyrrolizidine ester alkaloids (dehydroPAs) and their N-oxides is responsible for large incidents of acute and subacute food poisoning, with high morbidity and mortality, in Africa and in central and south Asia. Herbal medicines and teas containing dehydroPAs have also caused fatalities in both developed and developing countries. There is now increasing recognition that some staple and widely consumed foods are sometimes contaminated by dehydroPAs and their N-oxides at levels that, while insufficient to cause acute poisoning, greatly exceed maximum tolerable daily intakes and/or maximum levels determined by a number of independent risk assessment authorities. This suggests that there may have been cases of disease in the past not recognised as resulting from dietary exposure to dehydroPAs. A review of the literature shows that there are a number of reports of liver disease where either exposure to dehydroPAs was suspected but no source was identified or a dehydroPA-aetiology was not considered but the symptoms and pathology suggests their involvement. DehydroPAs also cause progressive, chronic diseases such as cancer and pulmonary arterial hypertension but proof of their involvement in human cases of these chronic diseases, including sources of exposure to dehydroPAs, has generally been lacking. Growing recognition of hazardous levels of dehydroPAs in a range of common foods suggests that physicians and clinicians need to be alert to the possibility that these contaminants may, in some cases, be a possible cause of chronic diseases such as cirrhosis, pulmonary hypertension and cancer in humans. C1 [Edgar, J. A.] CSIRO Food & Nutr Sci, N Ryde, NSW, Australia. [Colegate, S. M.] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Boppre, M.] Univ Freiburg, Forstzool Inst, Freiburg, Germany. [Molyneux, R. J.] Univ Hawaii, Coll Pharm, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Edgar, JA (reprint author), CSIRO Food & Nutr Sci, N Ryde, NSW, Australia. EM john.edgar@csiro.au RI Boppre, Michael/P-4346-2016 NR 138 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 3 U2 49 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1944-0049 J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PY 2011 VL 28 IS 3 BP 308 EP 324 AR PII 934025792 DI 10.1080/19440049.2010.547520 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 726RV UT WOS:000287744700005 PM 21360376 ER PT J AU Shelver, WL Smith, DJ AF Shelver, Weilin L. Smith, David J. TI Immunochemical-based zilpaterol measurement and validation in urine and tissues SO FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE analysis; beta-agonist; ELISA; LC-MS/MS; zilpaterol ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ADRENERGIC AGONIST ZILPATEROL; DIETARY ZILPATEROL; BETA-AGONISTS; RESIDUES; ASSAY; BOVINE; HORSES; FEED AB Because of abuse potential of the feed-additive zilpaterol, a need exists for rapid, sensitive and specific analyses. Polyclonal and monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were developed and their usefulness for agricultural applications explored. Immunobiosensor formats were developed for both monoclonal and polyclonal zilpaterol antibodies. Zilpaterol ELISA and immunobiosensor were tested by measuring tissue and urinary concentrations from sheep treated with zilpaterol for 10 days. The study demonstrated that sheep eliminated zilpaterol rapidly. A zilpaterol study in horses demonstrated that urinary zilpaterol in horses was initially much higher than in other species and that urinary zilpaterol depleted in a biphasic manner. Zilpaterol was detectable using either ELISA or ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-TQ-MS/MS) after 21 days of withdrawal in horses. These studies demonstrated that the ELISA procedure was rapid and was in good agreement with instrumental methods while the biosensor method provided greater precision than the ELISA procedure. C1 [Shelver, Weilin L.; Smith, David J.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Shelver, WL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM weilin.shelver@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0954-0105 J9 FOOD AGR IMMUNOL JI Food Agric. Immunol. PY 2011 VL 22 IS 3 BP 247 EP 258 DI 10.1080/09540105.2011.565038 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Immunology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Immunology; Toxicology GA 883NF UT WOS:000299640200006 ER PT J AU Collier, CT Welsh, TH Carroll, JA Laurenz, JC AF Collier, C. T. Welsh, T. H., Jr. Carroll, J. A. Laurenz, J. C. TI Insulin-like growth factor-1 attenuates glucocorticoid suppression of pig lymphocyte function SO FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE concanavalin A; IGF-1; lymphocyte; pig; pokeweed mitogen; stress ID IMMUNE-RESPONSE; CONCANAVALIN-A; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-SYNTHESIS; IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSES; PORCINE SOMATOTROPIN; POKEWEED MITOGEN; WEANLING PIGS; ACTIVATION; STRESS; ENDOCRINE AB This study evaluated the effects of dexamethasone and insulin-like growth factor-1 on mitogen-induced lymphocyte immune-associated activities including metabolic reduction of the tetrazolium salt and immunoglobulin (Ig) production. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were isolated from blood samples obtained from three 6-week-old male pigs and plated in triplicate for treatment and dose (n = 9 wells/treatment/dose). Cells were stimulated with specific doses and combinations of concanavalin A (ConA), pokeweed mitogen (PWM), DEX and/or IGF-1. Both Con A and PWM induced dose-dependent increases (P < 0.05) in lymphocyte metabolism and IgM production. Lymphocyte metabolism and IgM production induced by submaximal concentrations of ConA and PWM were dose-dependently suppressed (P < 0.05) by DEX. Treatment with IGF-1 attenuated (P < 0.5) the suppressive effects of DEX on ConA-but not PWM-induced lymphocyte metabolism. The addition of IGF-1 reduced (P < 0.05) DEX suppression of ConA-and PWM-induced IgM production. These results demonstrate that IGF-1 can differentially reduce the suppressive effects of DEX on lymphocytes dependent on mitogen type. C1 [Collier, C. T.; Laurenz, J. C.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim & Wildlife Sci, Coll Agr & Human Sci, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. [Welsh, T. H., Jr.] Texas A&M Univ Syst, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Carroll, J. A.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. RP Laurenz, JC (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim & Wildlife Sci, Coll Agr & Human Sci, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. EM jamie.laurenz@enmu.edu NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0954-0105 J9 FOOD AGR IMMUNOL JI Food Agric. Immunol. PY 2011 VL 22 IS 4 BP 311 EP 323 DI 10.1080/09540105.2011.575123 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Immunology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Immunology; Toxicology GA 883NL UT WOS:000299640800002 ER PT J AU Villanueva, MJ Yokoyama, WH Hong, YJ Barttley, GE Ruperez, P AF Villanueva, M. J. Yokoyama, W. H. Hong, Y. J. Barttley, G. E. Ruperez, P. TI Effect of high-fat diets supplemented with okara soybean by-product on lipid profiles of plasma, liver and faeces in Syrian hamsters SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Dietary fibre; Okara; Lipid profile; Syrian golden hamsters ID SOY PROTEIN; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC RATS; TOTAL CHOLESTEROL; LDL CHOLESTEROL; HEALTH-BENEFITS; BLOOD-LIPIDS; BETA-GLUCAN; FIBER; ISOFLAVONES AB The main components of okara, a by-product from soybean, are dietary fibre and protein. In this study we fed okara based diets with different amounts of fibre, protein and isoflavones to determine their effect on the lipid profile in the plasma, liver and faeces of an animal model. Male golden Syrian hamsters were fed high-fat diets supplemented with okara for 3 weeks. The supplemented diets contained 13% or 20% of okara fibre (OK-13 and OK-20), low-protein okara with 13% of fibre (OK1-13), and isoflavone-free okara with 13% of fibre (OK2-13). Okara supplemented diets did not produce significant differences in the feed intake or body weight gain (p > 0.05). The plasma levels of triglycerides, VLDL- plus LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol in hamsters fed OK-20 decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with respect to the 20% control group (C-20). However, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were found in LDL- and HDL-cholesterol plasma levels in all experiments. Total lipids, triglycerides, total and esterified cholesterol concentrations in liver were reduced by OK-20 diet. Regarding the hamsters fed OK-13 diets, the mean values of the total lipid, triglyceride and cholesterol in the plasma and liver decreased as compared to the control (C-13), but the differences were not statistically significant. All of the okara diets assayed increased the faecal excretion of total lipids, triglycerides, free cholesterol and total nitrogen (p < 0.05) compared to their respective controls. Our results suggest that the main components of okara, dietary fibre and protein, could be related with the total lipids and cholesterol decrease in the plasma and liver, as well as with the faecal output increase in high-fat fed hamsters. Okara might play an interesting role in the prevention of hyper-lipidemia and could be used as a natural ingredient or supplement for functional food preparation. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Villanueva, M. J.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Farm, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Yokoyama, W. H.; Hong, Y. J.; Barttley, G. E.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Ruperez, P.] CSIC, Inst Frio IF ICTAN, Dept Metab & Nutr, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. RP Villanueva, MJ (reprint author), Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Farm, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Ciudad Univ, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. EM mjvilla@farm.ucm.es RI Ruperez, Pilar/K-5887-2014; Villanueva Suarez, Maria Jose/K-9749-2014 OI Villanueva Suarez, Maria Jose/0000-0001-6033-9776 FU Universidad Complutense; Amo funding Agency; [AGL2008-0998 ALI] FX The authors express their gratitude to Maggie Chiu and Liomeng Lee for their helpful assistance and M. Takazumi from Toofu-Ya S.L. for the okara. This work was funded by the Research Project AGL2008-0998 ALI. The Universidad Complutense and the Amo funding Agency are acknowledged for the grants given to MJV during her sabbatical stay abroad. NR 37 TC 32 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JAN 1 PY 2011 VL 124 IS 1 BP 72 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.05.106 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 658OT UT WOS:000282500000011 ER PT J AU Jin, P Wang, SY Wang, CY Zheng, YH AF Jin, Peng Wang, Shiow Y. Wang, Chien Y. Zheng, Yonghua TI Effect of cultural system and storage temperature on antioxidant capacity and phenolic compounds in strawberries SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Strawberry; Antioxidant enzyme; Antioxidant capacity; Cultural system; Storage temperature ID SENSITIVE METHOD; FRUIT; GLUTATHIONE; PEROXIDASE; METABOLISM; VEGETABLES; ASSAY; FOOD; FLAVONOIDS; PLANTS AB The effects of cultural systems and storage temperatures on antioxidant enzyme activities and non-enzyme antioxidant components in two cultivars ('Earliglow' and 'Allstar') of strawberries were investigated. Fruit samples were hand-harvested from organic and conventional farms in Maryland, USA, and were stored at 10, 5 and 0 degrees C. The results from this study showed that strawberries grown from organic culture exhibited generally higher activities in antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, the organic culture also produced fruits with higher level of antioxidant contents. Strawberries stored at higher temperature (10 degrees C) had higher activities of antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant capacities than those stored at lower temperatures (0 or 5 degrees C), in both organic and conventional cultural systems. In conclusion, strawberries produced from organic culture contained significantly higher antioxidant capacities and flavonoid contents than those produced from conventional culture, and even though low storage temperatures retarded decay, they also reduced the increase in antioxidant activities. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Jin, Peng; Wang, Chien Y.] ARS, Food Qual Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Jin, Peng; Zheng, Yonghua] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Nanjing 210095, Peoples R China. [Wang, Shiow Y.] ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Wang, CY (reprint author), ARS, Food Qual Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM chienyi.wang@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 42 Z9 48 U1 5 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JAN 1 PY 2011 VL 124 IS 1 BP 262 EP 270 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.06.029 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 658OT UT WOS:000282500000037 ER PT J AU Farris, S Schaich, KM Liu, LS Cooke, PH Piergiovanni, L Yam, KL AF Farris, Stefano Schaich, Karen M. Liu, LinShu Cooke, Peter H. Piergiovanni, Luciano Yam, Kit L. TI Gelatin-pectin composite films from polyion-complex hydrogels SO FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS LA English DT Article DE AFM; Crosslinking; Electrostatic interactions; Hydrogel films; SEM ID DRUG-DELIVERY; CROSS-LINKING; THERMAL-PROPERTIES; NETWORK HYDROGELS; PROTEIN; CHITOSAN; FUNCTIONALITY; GLUTARALDEHYDE; INTERFACE; POLYMERS AB Preparation and properties of composite films from gelatin and low-methoxyl pectin from simultaneous reversible and permanent polyion-complex hydrogels are presented. Ionic interactions between positively charged gelatin and negatively charged pectin produce reversible physical hydrogels with homogeneous molecular arrangement that improve both mechanical and water resistance but do not alter thermal stability relative to single polymer gels. Subsequent addition of 0.3 weight percent (wt.%) glutaraldehyde crosslinks gelatin heterogeneously, due to the presence of domains with non-uniform crosslinking, as revealed by the structural analysis. Resulting interspersed permanent chemical hydrogel showed a decreased swelling attitude by nearly 10 fold relative to films from gelatin alone and further improved mechanical performance (tensile strength and elongation at break). Results demonstrate that simultaneously exploiting the specific reactivity provided by the functional groups of both biopolymers can be used to create unique new structures with improved properties and offer potential for tailoring these to a wide range of targeted applications. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Farris, Stefano; Piergiovanni, Luciano] Univ Milan, Packaging Lab, Dept Food Sci & Microbiol, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Schaich, Karen M.; Yam, Kit L.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Food Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Liu, LinShu; Cooke, Peter H.] USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Farris, S (reprint author), Univ Milan, Packaging Lab, Dept Food Sci & Microbiol, Via Celoria 2, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM stefano.farris@unimi.it RI Farris, Stefano/J-3257-2016; OI Farris, Stefano/0000-0002-6423-8443 NR 43 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 59 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0268-005X J9 FOOD HYDROCOLLOID JI Food Hydrocolloids PD JAN PY 2011 VL 25 IS 1 BP 61 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2010.05.006 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 640OF UT WOS:000281060200008 ER PT J AU O'Neil, CE Fulgoni, VL Nicklas, TA AF O'Neil, Carol E. Fulgoni, Victor L., III Nicklas, Theresa A. TI Association of candy consumption with body weight measures, other health risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and diet quality in US children and adolescents: NHANES 1999-2004 SO FOOD & NUTRITION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE children; adolescents; candy; chocolate; sugar candy; added sugars; discretionary calories; nutrient intake; dietary adequacy; health risk factors; healthy eating index; NHANES AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of total, chocolate, or sugar candy consumption on intakes of total energy, fat, and added sugars; diet quality; weight/adiposity parameters; and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in children 2-13 years of age (n = 7,049) and adolescents 14-18 years (n = 4,132) participating in the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Methods: Twenty-four hour dietary recalls were used to determine intake. Diet quality was determined using the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005). Covariate-adjusted means, standard errors, and prevalence rates were determined for each candy consumption group. Odds ratios were used to determine the likelihood of associations with weight status and diet quality. Results: In younger children, total, chocolate, and sugar candy consumption was 11.4 g +/- 1.61, 4.8 g +/- 0.35, and 6.6 g +/- 0.46, respectively. In adolescents, total, chocolate, and sugar candy consumption was 13.0 g +/- 0.87, 7.0 g +/- 0.56, and 5.9 g +/- 0.56, respectively. Total candy consumers had higher intakes of total energy (2248.9 kcals +/- 26.8 vs 1993.1 kcals +/- 15.1, p <0.0001) and added sugars (27.7 g +/- 0.44 vs 23.4 g +/- 0.38, p <0.0001) than non-consumers. Mean HEI-2005 score was not different in total candy and sugar candy consumers as compared to non-consumers, but was significantly lower in chocolate candy consumers (46.7 +/- 0.8 vs 48.3 +/- 0.4, p = 0.0337). Weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, percentiles/z-score for weight-for-age and BMI-for-age were lower for candy consumers as compared to non-consumers. Candy consumers were 22 and 26%, respectively, less likely to be overweight and obese than non-candy consumers. Blood pressure, blood lipid levels, and cardiovascular risk factors were not different between total, chocolate, and sugar candy consumers and non-consumers (except that sugar candy consumers had lower C-reactive protein levels than non-consumers). Conclusion: This study suggests that candy consumption did not adversely affect health risk markers in children and adolescents. C1 [O'Neil, Carol E.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Fulgoni, Victor L., III] Nutr Impact LLC, Battle Creek, MI USA. [Nicklas, Theresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP O'Neil, CE (reprint author), LSU AgCtr, Class 1941 Alumni Prof,261 Knapp Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM coneil1@lsu.edu FU USDA Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6-003]; USDA Hatch Project [LAB 93951]; National Confectioners Association FX This research project was supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service through specific cooperative agreement 58-6250-6-003. Partial support was received from the USDA Hatch Project LAB 93951. Partial support was also received from the National Confectioners Association. None of the funding agencies played any role in the design, analysis, or writing of this manuscript. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. NR 67 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 9 PU CO-ACTION PUBLISHING PI JARFALLA PA RIPVAGEN 7, JARFALLA, SE-175 64, SWEDEN SN 1654-6628 J9 FOOD NUTR RES JI Food Nutr. Res. PY 2011 VL 55 AR 5794 DI 10.3402/fnr.v55i0.5794 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA V28MA UT WOS:000208683700009 ER PT J AU Thomson, JL Tussing-Humphreys, LM Onufrak, SJ Connell, CL Zoellner, JM Bogle, ML Yadrick, K AF Thomson, Jessica L. Tussing-Humphreys, Lisa M. Onufrak, Stephen J. Connell, Carol L. Zoellner, Jamie M. Bogle, Margaret L. Yadrick, Kathy TI Simulated reductions in consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages improves diet quality in Lower Mississippi Delta adults SO FOOD & NUTRITION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE added sugars; water; total energy intake; Southeastern United States ID METABOLIC SYNDROME; ENERGY-INTAKE; US ADULTS; RISK; OBESITY; WOMEN; HYPERTENSION; ASSOCIATION; PATTERNS; DISEASE AB Background: Although the effects of replacing sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) with water on energy intake and body weight have been reported, little is known about how these replacements affect diet quality. Objective: To simulate the effects of replacing SSBs with tap water on diet quality and total energy intake of Lower Mississippi Delta (LMD) adults. Design: Retrospective analysis of cross-sectional dietary intake data using a representative sample of LMD adults (n = 1,689). Diet quality was measured using the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) scores that were computed using the population ratio method. The effects of substituting SSBs with water on diet quality were simulated by replacing the targeted items' nutrient profile with tap water's profile. Results: Simulating the replacement of SSBs with tap water at 25, 50, and 100% levels resulted in 1-, 2.3-, and 3.8-point increases, respectively, in the HEI-2005 total score. Based on a mean daily intake of 2,011 kcal, 100% substitution of SSBs with tap water would result in 11% reduction in energy intake. Conclusions: Replacing SSBs with water could substantially improve the diet quality of the LMD adult population and potentially lead to significant weight loss overtime. Prioritizing intervention efforts to focus on the replacement of SSBs with energy-free drinks may be the most efficacious approach for conveying potentially substantial health benefits in this and similar disadvantaged populations. C1 [Thomson, Jessica L.; Tussing-Humphreys, Lisa M.] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Onufrak, Stephen J.] ARS, Mid South Area, USDA, Stoneville, MS USA. [Connell, Carol L.; Yadrick, Kathy] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Nutr & Food Syst, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Zoellner, Jamie M.] Virginia Tech, Dept Human Nutr Foods & Exercise, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Bogle, Margaret L.] ARS, Delta Obes Prevent Res Unit, USDA, Little Rock, AR USA. RP Thomson, JL (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, AgCtr, USDA ARS, 284 Knapp Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM jessica.thomson@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [6251-53000-004-00D, 6401-53000-001-00D] FX This study was sponsored in part by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Projects 6251-53000-004-00D, and 6401-53000-001-00D. We would like to acknowledge the members of the FOODS working group of the Delta Nutrition Intervention Research Initiative who participated in the conceptualization, design, and implementation of the study. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or politics of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU CO-ACTION PUBLISHING PI JARFALLA PA RIPVAGEN 7, JARFALLA, SE-175 64, SWEDEN SN 1654-6628 EI 1654-661X J9 FOOD NUTR RES JI Food Nutr. Res. PY 2011 VL 55 AR 7304 DI 10.3402/fnr.v55i0.7304 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA V28MA UT WOS:000208683700021 ER PT J AU Vu, KD Hollingsworth, RG Leroux, E Salmieri, S Lacroix, M AF Vu, K. D. Hollingsworth, R. G. Leroux, E. Salmieri, S. Lacroix, M. TI Development of edible bioactive coating based on modified chitosan for increasing the shelf life of strawberries SO FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Bioactive coating; Chitosan; Essential oils; Limonene; Strawberries; Shelf life ID ESSENTIAL OILS; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; FILMS; ALGINATE; CONSTITUENTS; PATHOGENS AB For increasing the shelf life of strawberries during storage, bioactive coatings were applied using modified polysaccharides of chitosan. First, antimicrobial tests were performed with selected essential oils to evaluate their antimicrobial capacities against moulds and total flora isolated from strawberries. Red thyme (RT) and oregano extract (OR) were found as strong bioactive agents against moulds and total flora isolated from strawberries, whereas limonene (LIM) and peppermint (PM) had lower antimicrobial properties. These essential oils were also used as bioactive compounds which were sprayed onto strawberries and evaluated for their potential to increase shelf life during storage at 4 degrees C. RT. PM and LIM were found to be more efficient preservative agents for strawberries during 14 days of storage. Finally, chitosan was functionalized by acylation with palmitoyl chloride to increase its hydrophobicity, to ensure a controlled release and improve its stability and adhesion to the fruit product. LIM and PM were incorporated into the modified chitosan to create bioactive edible coatings and these were tested for their ability to extend the shelf life of fresh strawberries during storage. Formulations based on modified chitosan containing LIM and Tween (R) 80 were shown to perform better than other formulations. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Vu, K. D.; Leroux, E.; Salmieri, S.; Lacroix, M.] Inst Armand Frappier, Inst Natl Rech Sci, Res Labs Sci Appl Food, Laval, PQ H7V 1B7, Canada. [Hollingsworth, R. G.] ARS, USDA, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI USA. RP Lacroix, M (reprint author), Inst Armand Frappier, Inst Natl Rech Sci, Res Labs Sci Appl Food, 531 Bd Prairies, Laval, PQ H7V 1B7, Canada. EM monique.lacroix@iaf.inrs.ca FU Ministere du Developpement Economique; de l'Innovation et de l'Exportation; Programme de Soutien a la Recherche; Soutien a des initiatives Internationales de Recherche et d'Innovation FX The authors are grateful to Ministere du Developpement Economique, de l'Innovation et de l'Exportation, Programme de Soutien a la Recherche, Soutien a des initiatives Internationales de Recherche et d'Innovation for the financial support. Asmaa Imzilne is thanked for her excellent technical support. NR 38 TC 70 Z9 77 U1 14 U2 78 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9969 J9 FOOD RES INT JI Food Res. Int. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 44 IS 1 BP 198 EP 203 DI 10.1016/j.foodres.2010.10.037 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 734AZ UT WOS:000288306900029 ER PT J AU Morley, PS Dargatz, DA Hyatt, DR Dewell, GA Patterson, JG Burgess, BA Wittum, TE AF Morley, Paul S. Dargatz, David A. Hyatt, Doreene R. Dewell, Grant A. Patterson, J. Gage Burgess, Brandy A. Wittum, Thomas E. TI Effects of Restricted Antimicrobial Exposure on Antimicrobial Resistance in Fecal Escherichia coli from Feedlot Cattle SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-PRODUCE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; OXYTETRACYCLINE; PERCEPTIONS; FORMULATION; EFFICACY; PATTERNS; BUYERS; CALVES; FOOD AB Objectives: The primary objective was to evaluate differences in antimicrobial resistance among enteric bacteria recovered from feedlot cattle that were being raised without exposure to antimicrobial drugs (AMDs) and those reared using conventional practices. Materials: Forty pens of feedlot cattle (4557 total animals) that were being fed without AMD exposures were selected for enrollment as were 44 pens of cattle (4913 total animals) being fed for production of conventional beef products at the same feedlots. Fecal samples were collected from the floors of pens approximately biweekly through the middle of the feeding period and again prior to slaughter. Samples were cultured to recover nontype-specific Escherichia coli (NTSEC) and Salmonella enterica, and isolates were evaluated for susceptibility to a panel of AMDs. Results: Cattle enrolled in the study did not differ between groups in entry weight or finish weight, but cattle with restricted AMD and hormone exposures were fed for an average of 50 days longer than conventionally reared cattle (p<0.001). Resistance among NTSEC isolates was most common to tetracycline, streptomycin, and sulfamethoxazole, and there were slightly higher prevalence of resistance among NTSEC isolates recovered from conventionally reared cattle. Therapeutic AMD exposures did not have a detectable impact on the prevalence of resistance among NTSEC. Although there were detectable temporal trends through the feeding period for resistance to tetracycline, naladixic acid, chloramphenicol, and cephalothin, the direction of trends differed among drugs and these trends were not associated with study groups. S. enterica was recovered rarely (0.73%) but at similar prevalences from cattle with both rearing methods. Conclusions: These findings suggest that conventional feedlot production methods (including parenteral and in-feed use of AMDs) do not predictably or uniformly increase the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among fecal NTSEC when compared with rearing methods that restrict exposure to AMDs. C1 [Morley, Paul S.; Dargatz, David A.; Hyatt, Doreene R.; Dewell, Grant A.; Patterson, J. Gage; Burgess, Brandy A.] Colorado State Univ, Anim Populat Hlth Inst, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Dargatz, David A.] USDA APHIS VS, Ctr Epidemiol, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Dargatz, David A.] USDA APHIS VS, Ctr Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Wittum, Thomas E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Vet Prevent Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Morley, PS (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Anim Populat Hlth Inst, Campus Delivery 1678, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM paul.morley@colostate.edu RI Morley, Paul/C-9960-2009; Hyatt, Doreene/E-6811-2017 OI Morley, Paul/0000-0001-8138-2714; FU FDA-Center for Veterinary Medicine [FD-U-001879]; College Research Council of the CSU College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; USDA CSREES FX Support for this research was provided by the FDA-Center for Veterinary Medicine (Cooperative Agreement No. FD-U-001879), the College Research Council of the CSU College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, and the CSU Animal Population Health Institute through a grant from the USDA CSREES. The authors thank the collaborating feedlots and their personnel without whom this research could not have been conducted. The authors thank Denise Bolte, Brandy Burgess, Julie Hendershot, Brent Morris, Brian Mowan, and Kelly Stockton for their technical support; Drs. Robert Walker, Julia Oriani, and Steven Yan of the FDA-Center for Veterinary Medicine; and Drs. Terry Nett and Mo Salman from the CSU College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences for their administrative support. NR 24 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 8 IS 1 BP 87 EP 98 DI 10.1089/fpd.2010.0632 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 704PQ UT WOS:000286065300011 PM 21034271 ER PT J AU King, DI Schlossberg, S Brooks, RT Akresh, ME AF King, David I. Schlossberg, Scott Brooks, Robert T. Akresh, Michael E. TI Effects of fuel reduction on birds in pitch pine-scrub oak barrens of the United States SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Avian; Fire; Forest; Risk; Shrub; Thinning ID NESTING SUCCESS; BREEDING BIRDS; MIXTURE-MODELS; NEW-ENGLAND; FOREST; FIRE; COMMUNITIES; MASSACHUSETTS; MANAGEMENT; ECOLOGY AB Fire-dependent ecosystems include some of the most threatened ecosystems in the world, and where fuels are allowed to accumulate, they can present significant threats to human life and property. Fuel reduction activities can be effective in reducing the risk of wildfire, but these practices need to be evaluated relative to their effect on biodiversity. We surveyed birds in an inland pitch pine-scrub oak barren, a fire-dependent plant community, in which fuel reduction had been carried out via thinning of canopy trees to reduce the risk of running crown fires. We hypothesized that thinning pitch pine forest would negatively affect the abundance of mature forest birds and positively affect the abundance of scrub-shrub birds. Our results confirmed these expectations: several mature forest bird species were less abundant in thinned pitch pine than unthinned pitch pine, although most of these species were also present in mixed deciduous forest, and therefore regionally well represented. In contrast, another group of bird species was scarce or absent from unthinned pitch pine and mixed deciduous forest, but present in thinned sites and scrub oak stands. These were scrub-shrub species that do not nest in mixed deciduous or pitch pine forest but depend on shrubland or savannah habitats that cover similar to 3% of the region. We conclude that fuel reduction by thinning canopy trees at this site provides habitat for high-priority scrub-shrub bird species at the cost of modest reductions in numbers of forest birds whose regional aggregate population is large. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [King, David I.; Brooks, Robert T.] Univ Massachusetts, USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Schlossberg, Scott; Akresh, Michael E.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP King, DI (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 201 Holdsworth Hall, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM dking@fs.fed.us FU Massachusetts Natural Heritage and Endangered Species Program; National Fire Program FX We thank the Massachusetts Natural Heritage and Endangered Species Program and the National Fire Program for support of this project. R. Chandler, B. Mazzei and R. Packard assisted with field work. NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2011 VL 261 IS 1 BP 10 EP 18 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.08.039 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 692DP UT WOS:000285132000002 ER PT J AU Palik, BJ Ostry, ME Venette, RC Abdela, E AF Palik, Brian J. Ostry, Michael E. Venette, Robert C. Abdela, Ebrahim TI Fraxinus nigra (black ash) dieback in Minnesota: Regional variation and potential contributing factors SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Black ash; Brown ash; Fraxinus nigra; Crown dieback; Lowland hardwood; Forest health ID DROUGHT; YELLOWS; DECLINE AB Extensive tree dieback is a recurrent issue in many regions. Crown dieback of Fraxinus nigra Marsh. (black ash; brown ash) in the northeastern and north central United States is an example. F. nigra is a widely distributed hardwood that is often the dominant species in wetland forests from Manitoba to Newfoundland and West Virginia to Indiana. Widespread crown dieback of F. nigra has been noted in many regions, but there are few quantitative assessments of dieback extent or relationship to potential causes. Most F. nigra dieback episodes are not associated with specific disease or pest agents. Drought, excessive soil moisture, cohort senescense, and road influences, have all been suggested as potential contributing factors. Our objectives were to (1) quantify variable dieback across northern Minnesota, a region described as having extensive dieback, (2) determine the relationship between dieback and site moisture, (3) relate dieback to tree age/size distributions, and (4) assess whether dieback was related to road proximity. Given the increasing threat of Agrilus planipennis (emerald ash borer) in the region, it is important to know the current health status of F. nigra populations before widespread infestation occurs. Many stands in our study exhibited high incidences of crown dieback. However, the incidence of dieback was variable across the region. Spatial variability in dieback was associated with site wetland characteristics; more dieback occurred on jurisdictional wetlands and on sites with a higher wetness index and a deeper depth to a perching layer. Dieback was also positively correlated with mean stand diameter, and tree diameters were generally correlated with age, suggesting that stands with larger and older individuals experienced more dieback. Cohort senescence is a possible explanation for this trend. Finally, dieback occurred with higher frequency nearer to roads. The road influence could be related to hydrological alterations or perhaps toxicity from road deicing salt. The fact that dieback is more severe close to roads may contribute to a general perception that black ash dieback is more severe throughout the region than our study suggests. Collectively, our results indicate that the healthiest F. nigra stands in our study region are likely to be younger and located on relatively drier sites and farther from roads, compared to stands with significant crown dieback. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Palik, Brian J.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Ostry, Michael E.; Venette, Robert C.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Abdela, Ebrahim] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Palik, BJ (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 1831 Highway 169E, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. EM bpalik@fs.fed.us; mostry@fs.fed.us; rvenette@fs.fed.us; eabdela@umn.edu FU USDA Forest Service FX Funding for this work came from the USDA Forest Service Forest Health Monitoring Program. We thank Manfred Mielke for advice and support and John Elioff and Josh Kracleau for data collection. NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2011 VL 261 IS 1 BP 128 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.09.041 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 692DP UT WOS:000285132000015 ER PT J AU Ganey, JL Vojta, SC AF Ganey, Joseph L. Vojta, Scott C. TI Tree mortality in drought-stressed mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine forests, Arizona, USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Drought; Gambel oak; Mortality; Quaking aspen; White fir ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; NORTHERN ARIZONA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DIE-OFF; SNAG POPULATIONS; FIRE; RESTORATION; TEMPERATURE; PATHOGENS; COLORADO AB We monitored tree mortality in northern Arizona (USA) mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex laws) forests from 1997 to 2007, a period of severe drought in this area. Mortality was pervasive, occurring on 100 and 98% of 53 mixed-conifer and 60 ponderosa pine plots (1-ha each), respectively. Most mortality was attributable to a suite of forest insects, mediated by drought stress. The number of trees dying from 2002 to 2007 was more than 200% greater than the number dying from 1997 to 2002 in mixed-conifer forest and 74% greater in ponderosa pine forest. Extent of mortality was spatially variable in both forest types. Median cumulative mortality (the ratio of dead to live trees) increased by approximately 53 and 65% in mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine forests, respectively, from 2002 to 2007. Median mortality rates from 2002 to 2007 were approximately 2.0% year(-1) in mixed-conifer forest (range = 0-28.5%) and 0.4% year(-1) in ponderosa pine forest (range = 0-13.6%). Mortality rates generally were not strongly related to either elevation or stand density. Mortality was nonrandom with respect to tree size classes and species. Proportions of trees dying were greatest in the largest size classes, particularly in mixed-conifer forest, where mortality in the largest size class exceeded 22% from 2002 to 2007. Mortality in mixed-conifer forest was particularly pronounced for quaking aspen (85%) and white fir (28%), the least drought tolerant species present. These results provide an early glimpse of how these forest types are likely to respond to predicted climate changes in the southwestern USA. They suggest that these forests are not resilient to climate change, and that treatments to increase resilience to climate change may be appropriate. Research on causes of spatial heterogeneity in extent of mortality might suggest valuable approaches to aid in increasing resilience. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ganey, Joseph L.; Vojta, Scott C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Ganey, JL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 2500 S Pine Knoll, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM jganey@fs.fed.us NR 48 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 3 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2011 VL 261 IS 1 BP 162 EP 168 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.09.048 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 692DP UT WOS:000285132000020 ER PT B AU Ciesla, WM AF Ciesla, William M. BA Ciesla, WM BF Ciesla, WM TI THE WORLD'S FORESTS AND THEIR DYNAMICS SO FOREST ENTOMOLOGY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ciesla, William M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Ciesla, William M.] UN, Food & Agr Org, Rome, Italy. [Ciesla, William M.] Chartered Forest Hlth Management Int, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Ciesla, WM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4443-9787-1; 978-1-4443-3314-5 PY 2011 BP 1 EP 14 D2 10.1002/9781444397895 PG 14 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BA6JP UT WOS:000337163400002 ER PT B AU Ciesla, WM AF Ciesla, William M. BA Ciesla, WM BF Ciesla, WM TI FOREST ENTOMOLOGY A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE PREFACE SO FOREST ENTOMOLOGY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID PINE PROCESSIONARY MOTH; AMBROSIA BEETLES COLEOPTERA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; ELONGATA-DESERTICOLA COLEOPTERA; ORTHOTOMICUS-EROSUS COLEOPTERA; PLATYPUS-MUTATUS CHAPUIS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; IPS-TYPOGRAPHUS L; SIREX-NOCTILIO F; FIR TUSSOCK MOTH C1 [Ciesla, William M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Ciesla, William M.] UN, Food & Agr Org, Rome, Italy. [Ciesla, William M.] Chartered Forest Hlth Management Int, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Ciesla, WM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. NR 707 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4443-9787-1; 978-1-4443-3314-5 PY 2011 BP XI EP + D2 10.1002/9781444397895 PG 26 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BA6JP UT WOS:000337163400001 ER PT B AU Ciesla, WM AF Ciesla, William M. BA Ciesla, WM BF Ciesla, WM TI FOREST INSECT DYNAMICS SO FOREST ENTOMOLOGY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ciesla, William M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Ciesla, William M.] UN, Food & Agr Org, Rome, Italy. [Ciesla, William M.] Chartered Forest Hlth Management Int, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Ciesla, WM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4443-9787-1; 978-1-4443-3314-5 PY 2011 BP 15 EP 30 D2 10.1002/9781444397895 PG 16 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BA6JP UT WOS:000337163400003 ER PT B AU Ciesla, WM AF Ciesla, William M. BA Ciesla, WM BF Ciesla, WM TI FOREST INSECT AND HUMAN INTERACTIONS SO FOREST ENTOMOLOGY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ciesla, William M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Ciesla, William M.] UN, Food & Agr Org, Rome, Italy. [Ciesla, William M.] Chartered Forest Hlth Management Int, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Ciesla, WM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4443-9787-1; 978-1-4443-3314-5 PY 2011 BP 31 EP 47 D2 10.1002/9781444397895 PG 17 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BA6JP UT WOS:000337163400004 ER PT B AU Ciesla, WM AF Ciesla, William M. BA Ciesla, WM BF Ciesla, WM TI MONITORING FOREST INSECTS, THEIR DAMAGE AND DAMAGE POTENTIAL SO FOREST ENTOMOLOGY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ciesla, William M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Ciesla, William M.] UN, Food & Agr Org, Rome, Italy. [Ciesla, William M.] Chartered Forest Hlth Management Int, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Ciesla, WM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4443-9787-1; 978-1-4443-3314-5 PY 2011 BP 49 EP 72 D2 10.1002/9781444397895 PG 24 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BA6JP UT WOS:000337163400005 ER PT B AU Ciesla, WM AF Ciesla, William M. BA Ciesla, WM BF Ciesla, WM TI FOREST INSECT MANAGEMENT SO FOREST ENTOMOLOGY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ciesla, William M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Ciesla, William M.] UN, Food & Agr Org, Rome, Italy. [Ciesla, William M.] Chartered Forest Hlth Management Int, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Ciesla, WM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4443-9787-1; 978-1-4443-3314-5 PY 2011 BP 73 EP 95 D2 10.1002/9781444397895 PG 23 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BA6JP UT WOS:000337163400006 ER PT B AU Ciesla, WM AF Ciesla, William M. BA Ciesla, WM BF Ciesla, WM TI FOREST INSECT ORDERS AND FAMILIES SO FOREST ENTOMOLOGY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ciesla, William M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Ciesla, William M.] UN, Food & Agr Org, Rome, Italy. [Ciesla, William M.] Chartered Forest Hlth Management Int, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Ciesla, WM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4443-9787-1; 978-1-4443-3314-5 PY 2011 BP 97 EP 111 D2 10.1002/9781444397895 PG 15 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BA6JP UT WOS:000337163400007 ER PT B AU Ciesla, WM AF Ciesla, William M. BA Ciesla, WM BF Ciesla, WM TI FOLIAGE FEEDING INSECTS - LEPIDOPTERA SO FOREST ENTOMOLOGY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ciesla, William M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Ciesla, William M.] UN, Food & Agr Org, Rome, Italy. [Ciesla, William M.] Chartered Forest Hlth Management Int, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Ciesla, WM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4443-9787-1; 978-1-4443-3314-5 PY 2011 BP 113 EP 148 D2 10.1002/9781444397895 PG 36 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BA6JP UT WOS:000337163400008 ER PT B AU Ciesla, WM AF Ciesla, William M. BA Ciesla, WM BF Ciesla, WM TI OTHER FOLIAGE FEEDING INSECTS SO FOREST ENTOMOLOGY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ciesla, William M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Ciesla, William M.] UN, Food & Agr Org, Rome, Italy. [Ciesla, William M.] Chartered Forest Hlth Management Int, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Ciesla, WM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4443-9787-1; 978-1-4443-3314-5 PY 2011 BP 149 EP 171 D2 10.1002/9781444397895 PG 23 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BA6JP UT WOS:000337163400009 ER PT B AU Ciesla, WM AF Ciesla, William M. BA Ciesla, WM BF Ciesla, WM TI BARK AND AMBROSIA BEETLES SO FOREST ENTOMOLOGY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ciesla, William M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Ciesla, William M.] UN, Food & Agr Org, Rome, Italy. [Ciesla, William M.] Chartered Forest Hlth Management Int, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Ciesla, WM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4443-9787-1; 978-1-4443-3314-5 PY 2011 BP 173 EP 202 D2 10.1002/9781444397895 PG 30 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BA6JP UT WOS:000337163400010 ER PT B AU Ciesla, WM AF Ciesla, William M. BA Ciesla, WM BF Ciesla, WM TI LARGE CAMBIUM AND WOOD BORING INSECTS SO FOREST ENTOMOLOGY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ciesla, William M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Ciesla, William M.] UN, Food & Agr Org, Rome, Italy. [Ciesla, William M.] Chartered Forest Hlth Management Int, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Ciesla, WM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4443-9787-1; 978-1-4443-3314-5 PY 2011 BP 203 EP 231 D2 10.1002/9781444397895 PG 29 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BA6JP UT WOS:000337163400011 ER PT B AU Ciesla, WM AF Ciesla, William M. BA Ciesla, WM BF Ciesla, WM TI SUCKING INSECTS SO FOREST ENTOMOLOGY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ciesla, William M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Ciesla, William M.] UN, Food & Agr Org, Rome, Italy. [Ciesla, William M.] Chartered Forest Hlth Management Int, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Ciesla, WM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4443-9787-1; 978-1-4443-3314-5 PY 2011 BP 233 EP 252 D2 10.1002/9781444397895 PG 20 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BA6JP UT WOS:000337163400012 ER PT B AU Ciesla, WM AF Ciesla, William M. BA Ciesla, WM BF Ciesla, WM TI GALL INSECTS SO FOREST ENTOMOLOGY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ciesla, William M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Ciesla, William M.] UN, Food & Agr Org, Rome, Italy. [Ciesla, William M.] Chartered Forest Hlth Management Int, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Ciesla, WM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4443-9787-1; 978-1-4443-3314-5 PY 2011 BP 253 EP 272 D2 10.1002/9781444397895 PG 20 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BA6JP UT WOS:000337163400013 ER PT B AU Ciesla, WM AF Ciesla, William M. BA Ciesla, WM BF Ciesla, WM TI TIP, SHOOT AND REGENERATION INSECTS SO FOREST ENTOMOLOGY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ciesla, William M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Ciesla, William M.] UN, Food & Agr Org, Rome, Italy. [Ciesla, William M.] Chartered Forest Hlth Management Int, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Ciesla, WM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4443-9787-1; 978-1-4443-3314-5 PY 2011 BP 273 EP 293 D2 10.1002/9781444397895 PG 21 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BA6JP UT WOS:000337163400014 ER PT B AU Ciesla, WM AF Ciesla, William M. BA Ciesla, WM BF Ciesla, WM TI INSECTS OF TREE REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURES SO FOREST ENTOMOLOGY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ciesla, William M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Ciesla, William M.] UN, Food & Agr Org, Rome, Italy. [Ciesla, William M.] Chartered Forest Hlth Management Int, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Ciesla, WM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4443-9787-1; 978-1-4443-3314-5 PY 2011 BP 295 EP 312 D2 10.1002/9781444397895 PG 18 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BA6JP UT WOS:000337163400015 ER PT B AU Ciesla, WM AF Ciesla, William M. BA Ciesla, WM BF Ciesla, WM TI INSECTS OF WOOD IN USE SO FOREST ENTOMOLOGY: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ciesla, William M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Ciesla, William M.] UN, Food & Agr Org, Rome, Italy. [Ciesla, William M.] Chartered Forest Hlth Management Int, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Ciesla, WM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4443-9787-1; 978-1-4443-3314-5 PY 2011 BP 313 EP 328 D2 10.1002/9781444397895 PG 16 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BA6JP UT WOS:000337163400016 ER PT J AU Suryawan, A Davis, TA AF Suryawan, Agus Davis, Teresa A. TI Regulation of protein synthesis by amino acids in muscle of neonates SO FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK LA English DT Article DE Mammalian target of rapamycin; Protein synthesis; Amino acids; Nutrient signaling; Skeletal muscle; Neonate; Raptor; Rheb; Translation initiation; Review ID INSULIN-INDUCED ACTIVATION; MESSENGER-RNA TRANSLATION; HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MAMMALIAN TARGET; CELL-GROWTH; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; TRANSPORTER SNAT2; MTORC1 ACTIVATION; RAG GTPASES; FOOD-INTAKE AB The marked increase in skeletal muscle mass during the neonatal period is largely due to a high rate of postprandial protein synthesis that is modulated by an enhanced sensitivity to insulin and amino acids. The amino acid signaling pathway leading to the stimulation of protein synthesis has not been fully elucidated. Among the amino acids, leucine is considered to be a principal anabolic agent that regulates protein synthesis. mTORC1, which controls protein synthesis, has been implicated as a target for leucine. Until recently, there have been few studies exploring the role of amino acids in enhancing muscle protein synthesis in vivo. In this review, we discuss amino acid-induced protein synthesis in muscle in the neonate, focusing on current knowledge of the role of amino acids in the activation of mTORC1 leading to mRNA translation. The role of the amino acid transporters, SNAT2, LAT1, and PAT, in the modulation of mTORC1 activation and the role of amino acids in the activation of putative regulators of mTORC1, i.e., raptor, Rheb, MAP4K3, Vps34, and Rag GTPases, are discussed. C1 [Suryawan, Agus; Davis, Teresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Davis, TA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tdavis@bcm.edu FU National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases [AR-44474]; USDA/ARS [6250510000-33] FX This work was supported in part by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Grant AR-44474 (T. A. Davis) and by the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement no. 6250510000-33 (T. A. Davis). This work is a publication of the United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or politics of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, nor does the mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. We thank L. F. Weiser for secretarial assistance. NR 106 TC 32 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 15 PU FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE INC PI IRVINE PA 16471 SCIENTIFIC WAY, IRVINE, CA 92618 USA SN 1093-9946 J9 FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK JI Front. Biosci. PD JAN 1 PY 2011 VL 16 BP 1445 EP 1460 DI 10.2741/3798 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 757NI UT WOS:000290093700015 PM 21196241 ER PT J AU Bannantine, JP Stabel, JR Lamont, EA Briggs, RE Sreevatsan, S AF Bannantine, John P. Stabel, Judith R. Lamont, Elise A. Briggs, Robert E. Sreevatsan, Srinand TI Monoclonal antibodies bind a SNP-sensitive epitope that is present uniquely in Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium paratuberculosis; Johne's disease; antigens; antibodies; detection and diagnostics AB Due to a close genetic relatedness, there is no known antibody that detects Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), which causes Johne's disease in cattle and sheep, and does not cross-react with other M. avium subspecies. In the present study, a monoclonal antibody (MAb; 17A12) was identified from mice immunized with a cell membrane fraction of MAP strain K-10. This antibody is 100% specific as it detected a 25-kDa protein in all 29 MAP whole cell lysates, but did not bind to any of the 29 non-paratuberculosis strains tested in immunoblot assays. However, the antibody revealed variable reactivity levels in MAP strains as it detected higher levels in bovine isolates but comparably lower levels in ovine isolates of MAP In order to identify the target binding protein for 17A12, a lambda phage expression library of MAP genomic fragments was screened with the MAb. Four reactive clones were identified, sequenced and all shown to be overlapping. Further analysis revealed all four clones expressed an unknown protein encoded by a sequence that is not annotated in the K-10 genome and overlapped with MAP3422c on the opposing DNA strand. The epitope of 17A12 was precisely defined to seven amino acids and was used to query the K-10 genome. Similarity searches revealed another protein, encoded by MAP1025, possessed a similar epitope (one-amino acid mismatch) that also reacted strongly to the antibody. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in MAP1025 was then identified by comparative sequence analysis, which results in a Pro28His change at residue 28, the first amino acid within the 17A12 epitope. This SNP is present in all MAP strains but absent in all non-MAP strains and accounts for the specificity of the 17A12 antibody. This new antibody is the first ever isolated that binds only to the paratuberculosis subspecies of M. avium and opens new possibilities for the specific detection of this significant ruminant pathogen. C1 [Bannantine, John P.; Stabel, Judith R.; Briggs, Robert E.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Lamont, Elise A.; Sreevatsan, Srinand] Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet Populat Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Bannantine, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 2300 North Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM john.bannantine@ars.usda.gov OI Bannantine, John/0000-0002-5692-7898; Sreevatsan, Srinand/0000-0002-5162-2403 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service intramural funds; USDA-NIFA-CAP program FX The technical assistance of Janis Hansen and Brad Criswell was critical to this study's success. This study was supported by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service intramural funds. Portions of this study were also supported by the USDA-NIFA-CAP program entitled the Johne's disease integrated program (JDIP). Finally, we gratefully acknowledge the Iowa State University Hybridoma Facility for hybridoma production. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PY 2011 VL 2 AR 163 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2011.00163 PG 13 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA V31DE UT WOS:000208863500172 PM 21845186 ER PT J AU Bryla, DR Machado, RMA AF Bryla, David R. Machado, Rui M. A. TI Comparative effects of nitrogen fertigation and granular fertilizer application on growth and availability of soil nitrogen during establishment of highbush blueberry SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Vaccinium corymbosum; ammonium-N; leaf nitrogen; mineral nutrition; nitrate-N; soil electrical conductivity; soil pH AB A 2-year study was done to compare the effects of nitrogen (N) fertigation and granular fertilizer application on growth and availability of soil N during establishment of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. "Bluecrop"). Treatments included four methods of N application (weekly fertigation, split fertigation, and two non-fertigated controls) and four levels of N fertilizer ( 0, 50, 100, and 150kg.ha(-1) N). Fertigation treatments were irrigated by drip and injected with a liquid urea solution; weekly fertigation was applied once a week from leaf emergence to 60 d prior to the end of the season while split fertigation was applied as a triple-split from April to June. Non-fertigated controls were fertilized with granular ammonium sulfate, also applied as a triple-split, and irrigated by drip or microsprinklers. Weekly fertigation produced the smallest plants among the four fertilizer application methods at 50kg.ha(-1) N during the first year after planting but the largest plants at 150kg.ha(-1) N in both the first and second year. The other application methods required less N to maximize growth but were less responsive than weekly fertigation to additional N fertilizer applications. In fact, 44-50% of the plants died when granular fertilizer was applied at 150 kg.ha(-1) N. By comparison, none of the plants died with weekly fertigation. Plant death with granular fertilizer was associated with high ammonium ion concentrations (up to 650mg.L-1) and electrical conductivity (> 3dS.m(-1)) in the soil solution. Early results indicate that fertigation may be less efficient (i.e., less plant growth per unit of N applied) at lower N rates than granular fertilizer application but is also safer (i.e., less plant death) and promotes more growth when high amounts of N fertilizer is applied. C1 [Bryla, David R.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Machado, Rui M. A.] Univ Evora, Dept Fitotecnia, Inst Ciencias Agr & Ambientais Mediterrenicas, Evora, Portugal. RP Bryla, DR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM david.bryla@ars.usda.gov FU Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research; Oregon Blueberry Commission FX We thank Will Fummerton, Hannah Rempel, and Rick Moes for technical assistance. Research was funded in part by the Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research and the Oregon Blueberry Commission. Mention of trademark, proprietary product, or vendor does notconstitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that also may be suitable. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 14 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PY 2011 VL 2 AR 46 DI 10.3389/fpls.2011.00046 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V30TE UT WOS:000208837500046 PM 22639596 ER PT J AU Goff, SA Vaughn, M McKay, S Lyons, E Stapleton, AE Gessler, D Matasci, N Wang, LY Hanlon, M Lenards, A Muir, A Merchant, N Lowry, S Mock, S Helmke, M Kubach, A Narro, M Hopkins, N Micklos, D Hilgert, U Gonzales, M Jordan, C Skidmore, E Dooley, R Cazes, J McLay, R Lu, ZY Pasternak, S Koesterke, L Piel, WH Grene, R Noutsos, C Gendler, K Feng, X Tang, CL Lent, M Kim, SJ Kvilekval, K Manjunath, BS Tannen, V Stamatakis, A Sanderson, M Welch, SM Cranston, KA Soltis, P Soltis, D O'Meara, B Ane, C Brutnell, T Kleibenstein, DJ White, JW Leebens-Mack, J Donoghue, MJ Spalding, EP Vision, TJ Myers, CR Lowenthal, D Enquist, BJ Boyle, B Akoglu, A Andrews, G Ram, S Ware, D Stein, L Stanzione, D AF Goff, Stephen A. Vaughn, Matthew McKay, Sheldon Lyons, Eric Stapleton, Ann E. Gessler, Damian Matasci, Naim Wang, Liya Hanlon, Matthew Lenards, Andrew Muir, Andy Merchant, Nirav Lowry, Sonya Mock, Stephen Helmke, Matthew Kubach, Adam Narro, Martha Hopkins, Nicole Micklos, David Hilgert, Uwe Gonzales, Michael Jordan, Chris Skidmore, Edwin Dooley, Rion Cazes, John McLay, Robert Lu, Zhenyuan Pasternak, Shiran Koesterke, Lars Piel, William H. Grene, Ruth Noutsos, Christos Gendler, Karla Feng, Xin Tang, Chunlao Lent, Monica Kim, Seung-Jin Kvilekval, Kristian Manjunath, B. S. Tannen, Val Stamatakis, Alexandros Sanderson, Michael Welch, Stephen M. Cranston, Karen A. Soltis, Pamela Soltis, Doug O'Meara, Brian Ane, Cecile Brutnell, Tom Kleibenstein, Daniel J. White, Jeffery W. Leebens-Mack, James Donoghue, Michael J. Spalding, Edgar P. Vision, Todd J. Myers, Christopher R. Lowenthal, David Enquist, Brian J. Boyle, Brad Akoglu, Ali Andrews, Greg Ram, Sudha Ware, Doreen Stein, Lincoln Stanzione, Dan TI The iPlant collaborative: cyberinfrastructure for plant biology SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE cyberinfrastructure; bioinformatics; plant biology; computational biology AB The iPlant Collaborative (iPlant) is a United States National Science Foundation (NSF) funded project that aims to create an innovative, comprehensive, and foundational cyberinfrastructure in support of plant biology research (PSCIC, 2006). iPlant is developing cyberinfrastructure that uniquely enables scientists throughout the diverse fields that comprise plant biology to address Grand Challenges in new ways, to stimulate and facilitate cross-disciplinary research, to promote biology and computer science research interactions, and to train the next generation of scientists on the use of cyberinfrastructure in research and education. Meeting humanity's projected demands for agricultural and forest products and the expectation that natural ecosystems be managed sustainably will require synergies from the application of information technologies. The iPlant cyberinfrastructure design is based on an unprecedented period of research community input, and leverages developments in high-performance computing, data storage, and cyberinfrastructure for the physical sciences. iPlant is an open-source project with application programming interfaces that allow the community to extend the infrastructure to meet its needs. iPlant is sponsoring community-driven workshops addressing specific scientific questions via analysis tool integration and hypothesis testing. These workshops teach researchers how to add bioinformatics tools and/or datasets into the iPlant cyberinfrastructure enabling plant scientists to perform complex analyses on large datasets without the need to master the command-line or high-performance computational services. C1 [Goff, Stephen A.; McKay, Sheldon; Lyons, Eric; Gessler, Damian; Matasci, Naim; Lenards, Andrew; Muir, Andy; Merchant, Nirav; Lowry, Sonya; Helmke, Matthew; Narro, Martha; Hopkins, Nicole; Skidmore, Edwin; Lent, Monica; Kim, Seung-Jin] Univ Arizona, Inst BIO5, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Vaughn, Matthew; Hanlon, Matthew; Mock, Stephen; Kubach, Adam; Gonzales, Michael; Jordan, Chris; Dooley, Rion; Cazes, John; McLay, Robert; Koesterke, Lars; Gendler, Karla; Stanzione, Dan] Univ Texas Austin, Texas Adv Comp Ctr, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Stapleton, Ann E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Wilmington, NC 28401 USA. [Stapleton, Ann E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Marine Sci, Wilmington, NC 28401 USA. [Wang, Liya; Lu, Zhenyuan; Pasternak, Shiran; Noutsos, Christos; Feng, Xin; Tang, Chunlao; Ware, Doreen; Stein, Lincoln] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. [Micklos, David; Hilgert, Uwe] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, DNA Learning Ctr, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. [Piel, William H.] Yale Univ, Yale Peabody Museum, New Haven, CT USA. [Grene, Ruth] Virginia Tech Univ, Dept Plant Pathol Physiol & Weed Sci, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Feng, Xin; Stein, Lincoln] Ontario Ctr Canc Res, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Kvilekval, Kristian; Manjunath, B. S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Ctr Bioimage Informat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Tannen, Val] Univ Penn, Dept Comp & Informat Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Stamatakis, Alexandros] Heidelberg Inst Theoret Studies, Sci Comp Grp, Heidelberg, Germany. [Sanderson, Michael; Enquist, Brian J.; Boyle, Brad] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Welch, Stephen M.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Cranston, Karen A.] Natl Evolutionary Synth Ctr NESCent, Durham, NC USA. [Soltis, Pamela] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Soltis, Doug] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL USA. [O'Meara, Brian] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN USA. [Ane, Cecile] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Stat, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ane, Cecile] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bot, Madison, WI USA. [Brutnell, Tom] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Kleibenstein, Daniel J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [White, Jeffery W.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ USA. [Leebens-Mack, James] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Donoghue, Michael J.] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT USA. [Spalding, Edgar P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bot, Madison, WI USA. [Manjunath, B. S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Vision, Todd J.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Lowenthal, David; Andrews, Greg] Univ Arizona, Dept Comp Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Akoglu, Ali] Univ Arizona, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Ram, Sudha] Univ Arizona, Eller Sch Business, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Myers, Christopher R.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Goff, SA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, iPlant Collaborat, Inst BIO5, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM sgoff@iplantcollaborative.org RI Stamatakis, Alexandros/B-8740-2009; noutsos, christos/E-5601-2012; Brutnell, Thomas/M-2840-2013; Spalding, Edgar/A-9034-2008; OI Cranston, Karen Ann/0000-0002-4798-9499; Matasci, Naim/0000-0003-4416-048X; Enquist, Brian/0000-0002-6124-7096; Brutnell, Thomas/0000-0002-3581-8211; Spalding, Edgar/0000-0002-6890-4765; noutsos, christos/0000-0003-1570-4724; Vaughn, Matthew/0000-0002-1384-4283; Dooley, Rion/0000-0002-3807-6647; Stapleton, Ann/0000-0001-7242-2673; O'Meara, Brian/0000-0002-0337-5997; McKay, Sheldon/0000-0002-4011-3160; Ane, Cecile/0000-0002-4702-8217 FU National Science Foundation Plant Cyberinfrastructure Program [DBI-0735191] FX The iPlant Collaborative is funded by a grant from the National Science Foundation Plant Cyberinfrastructure Program (#DBI-0735191). NR 75 TC 119 Z9 120 U1 3 U2 53 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PY 2011 VL 2 AR 34 DI 10.3389/fpls.2011.00034 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V30TE UT WOS:000208837500034 PM 22645531 ER PT J AU Huber, SC AF Huber, Steven C. TI Grand challenges in plant physiology: the underpinning of translational research SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Huber, Steven C.] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Huber, Steven C.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Huber, Steven C.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Huber, SC (reprint author), Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM schuber1@illinois.edu NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PY 2011 VL 2 AR 48 DI 10.3389/fpls.2011.00048 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V30TE UT WOS:000208837500048 PM 22639597 ER PT J AU McClean, PE Burridge, J Beebe, S Rao, IM Porch, TG AF McClean, Phillip E. Burridge, Jimmy Beebe, Stephen Rao, Idupulapati M. Porch, Timothy G. TI Crop improvement in the era of climate change: an integrated, multi-disciplinary approach for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE phenotyping; genotyping; statistical genetics; biotic stress; genomics; marker assisted selection ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; DROUGHT RESISTANCE; INBRED LINES; ENVIRONMENTS; SELECTION; WATER; HEAT; ADAPTATION; TOLERANCE; GERMPLASM AB Climate change and global population increase are two converging forces that will jointly challenge researchers to design programs that ensure crop production systems meet the world's food demand. Climate change will potentially reduce productivity while a global population increase will require more food. If productivity is not improved for future climatic conditions, food insecurity may foster major economic and political uncertainty. Given the importance of grain legumes in general - common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in particular - a workshop entitled 'Improving Tolerance of Common Bean to Abiotic Stresses' was held with the goal of developing an interdisciplinary research agenda designed to take advantage of modern genotyping and breeding approaches that are coupled with large scale phenotyping efforts to improve common bean. Features of the program included a multinational phenotyping effort to evaluate the major common bean core germplasm collections and appropriate genetic populations. The phenotyping effort will emphasise the response of root and shoot traits to individual and combined stress conditions. These populations would also be genotyped using newly emerging high density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker arrays or next generation sequencing technology. Association analysis of the core collections aims to identify key loci associated with the response to the stress conditions. Companion bi-parental quantitative trait loci (QTL) experiments will act as confirmation experiments for the association analysis. The upcoming release of the genome sequence of common bean will be leveraged by utilising population genomic approaches to discover genomic regions that differentiate stress-responsive and non-responsive genotypes. The genome sequence will also enable global gene expression studies that will highlight specific molecular-based stress responses. This collective knowledge will inform the selection of parental lines to improve the efficiency of common bean improvement programs. C1 [McClean, Phillip E.] N Dakota State Univ, Genom & Bioinformat Program, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [McClean, Phillip E.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Burridge, Jimmy] Penn State Univ, Dept Hort, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Beebe, Stephen; Rao, Idupulapati M.] Ctr Int Agr Trop, Bean Program, Cali 6713, Colombia. [McClean, Phillip E.] ARS, USDA, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. RP McClean, PE (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Genom & Bioinformat Program, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM phillip.mcclean@ndsu.edu OI Rao, Idupulapati M./0000-0002-8381-9358 FU World Universities Network; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA FX Support for the workshop was provided by the World Universities Network and the University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. The work of Elizabeth Van Volkenburgh is greatly appreciated for organising and managing an effective workshop that led to this white paper. NR 44 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 30 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-4408 EI 1445-4416 J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL JI Funct. Plant Biol. PY 2011 VL 38 IS 12 BP 927 EP 933 DI 10.1071/FP11102 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 855IC UT WOS:000297556100002 ER PT J AU Justo, A Vizzini, A Minnis, AM Menolli, N Capelari, M Rodriguez, O Malysheva, E Contu, M Ghignone, S Hibbett, DS AF Justo, Alfredo Vizzini, Alfredo Minnis, Andrew M. Menolli, Nelson, Jr. Capelari, Marina Rodriguez, Olivia Malysheva, Ekaterina Contu, Marco Ghignone, Stefano Hibbett, David S. TI Phylogeny of the Pluteaceae (Agaricales, Basidiomycota): taxonomy and character evolution SO FUNGAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Character evolution; Phylogeny; Pluteus; Volvariella; Volvopluteus ID PLUTEUS SECTION PLUTEUS; ANNOTATED CHECKLIST; IBERIAN PENINSULA; BALEARIC-ISLANDS; UNITED-STATES; VOLVARIELLA; EUROPE; CLADES; GENUS; COMBINATIONS AB The phylogeny of the genera traditionally classified in the family Pluteaceae (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) was investigated using molecular data from nuclear ribosomal genes (nSSU, ITS, nLSU) and consequences for taxonomy and character evolution were evaluated. The genus Volvariella is polyphyletic, as most of its representatives fall outside the Pluteoid clade and shows affinities to some hygrophoroid genera (Camarophyllus, Cantharocybe). Volvariella gloiocephala and allies are placed in a different clade, which represents the sister group of Pluteus, and a new generic name, Volvopluteus, is proposed to accommodate these taxa. Characters such as basidiospore size and pileipellis structure can be used to separate Pluteus, volvariella and Volvopluteus. The genus Pluteus is monophyletic and includes species with partial veil traditionally classified in the genus Chamaeota. The evolution of morphological features used in the infrageneric taxonomy of the genus, such as metuloid cystidia and pileipellis structure, was analyzed. Agreement between the molecular phylogeny and morphological subdivision of Pluteus is, generally speaking, good, though some rearrangements are necessary: (i) species with non-metuloid pleurocystidia and pileipellis as a cutis are placed either in sect. Celluloderma, together with the species characterized by a hymenidermal pipeipellis, or in sect. Pluteus, with the metuloid bearing species; (ii) subdivision of sect. Celluloderma according to the presence/absence of cystidioid elements in the pileipellis is not supported by molecular data. (C) 2010 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Justo, Alfredo; Hibbett, David S.] Clark Univ, Dept Biol, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. [Vizzini, Alfredo] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Biol Vegetale, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Minnis, Andrew M.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Menolli, Nelson, Jr.; Capelari, Marina] Inst Bot, Nucleo Pesquisa Micol, BR-01063197 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Menolli, Nelson, Jr.] Inst Fed Educ Ciencia & Tecnol Sao Paulo, BR-01109010 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Rodriguez, Olivia] Univ Guadalajara, Dept Bot & Zool, Zapopan 45101, Jal, Mexico. [Malysheva, Ekaterina] VL Komarov Bot Inst, RUS-197376 St Petersburg, Russia. [Ghignone, Stefano] CNR Sez Torino, Inst Protez Piante, I-10125 Turin, Italy. RP Justo, A (reprint author), Clark Univ, Dept Biol, 950 Main St, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. EM ajusto@clarku.edu; alfredo.vizzini@unito.it; Drew.Minnis@ars.usda.gov; menollijr@yahoo.com.br; mcapelariibot@yahoo.com; oliviaramx@yahoo.com; ef.malysheva@gmail.com; mecontu@interfree.it; stefano.ghignone@unito.it; dhibbett@clarku.edu RI Malysheva, Ekaterina/H-5582-2013; Menolli Jr, Nelson/N-3478-2013; Capelari, Marina /D-4886-2015; Ghignone, Stefano/B-8288-2008; OI Malysheva, Ekaterina/0000-0002-8507-2083; Ghignone, Stefano/0000-0002-2033-2286; Vizzini, Alfredo/0000-0001-8390-6446 FU Autonomous Government of Galicia (Spain); NSF [DEB0933081]; Mycological Society of America; FAPESP [04/04319-2] FX The curators of BR, CBM, EIU, F, ILLS, LOU, MA, MICH, NYBG, REG, SIU, SP and TNSF are gratefully acknowledged for managing the loans of their respective collections. J.L. Siquier and A. Caballero also provided collections and photographs used in this study. The assistance of Nathan Kallen in the lab bench made this work much easier. The technical support of and helpful discussions with Manfred Binder are greatly appreciated. Dimitris Floudas and Brian Seitzman helped with the collecting trips in Massachusetts and Florida. Financial support was received from a postdoctoral grant of the Autonomous Government of Galicia (Spain) to A. Justo and from the NSF grant DEB0933081. A. Minnis acknowledges the support from the Alexander H. and Helen V. Smith Research Fund (Mycological Society of America) and also D. Nickrent and S. Sipes (SIU) for providing lab supplies for earlier molecular work. N. Menolli and M. Capelari thank FAPESP (grant 04/04319-2) for the financial support. NR 56 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1878-6146 J9 FUNGAL BIOL-UK JI Fungal Biol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 115 IS 1 BP 1 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.funbio.2010.09.012 PG 20 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 715CC UT WOS:000286857000001 PM 21215950 ER PT J AU Desjardins, AE Proctor, RH AF Desjardins, Anne E. Proctor, Robert H. TI Genetic diversity and trichothecene chemotypes of the Fusarium graminearum clade isolated from maize in Nepal and identification of a putative new lineage SO FUNGAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Deoxynivalenol; Fusarium graminearum; Mycotoxins; Nepal; Nivalenol ID HEAD BLIGHT PATHOGEN; GIBBERELLA-ZEAE; SPECIES COMPLEX; MYCOTOXINS NIVALENOL; F-PSEUDOGRAMINEARUM; DEOXYNIVALENOL; WHEAT; POPULATIONS; ZEARALENONE; CULMORUM AB On smallholder farms in the foothills of the Himalayan Mountains in Nepal, fungi of the Fusarium graminearum clade cause Gibberella ear rot of maize and contamination with the 8-ketotrichothecenes nivalenol and deoxynivalenol. Previous DNA marker analyses of the F. graminearum clade from maize in Nepal found a high level of genetic diversity but were limited in detail or scope. The present study incorporated a collection of 251 field strains from a wide geographic distribution in Nepal and utilized sequencing of the MAT1-1-3 gene of the mating type locus to determine the number and frequency of lineages and species of the F. graminearum clade. The frequency of nivalenol and deoxynivalenol chemotypes was determined by chemical analysis and by TRI13 deletion-marker analysis. We found that Gibberella ear rot of maize in Nepal is associated with a complex of species of the F. graminearum clade - mainly Fusarium asiaticum and Fusarium meridionale, but also Fusarium boothii and a putative new lineage, which we have designated the 'Nepal lineage'. Fusarium graminearum sensu strict, which dominates in maize elsewhere in Asia and worldwide, was not detected in Nepal. Although nivalenol production has been associated experimentally with lower virulence in maize ear rot and wheat head blight, this collection of the F. graminearum clade from maize in Nepal is dominated (4:1) by nivalenol producers, suggesting that traits other than crop plant pathogenesis affect population structure in this complex agroecosystem. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The British Mycological Society. C1 [Desjardins, Anne E.; Proctor, Robert H.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Proctor, RH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM desjarae@yahoo.com; robert.proctor@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 29 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1878-6146 J9 FUNGAL BIOL-UK JI Fungal Biol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 115 IS 1 BP 38 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.funbio.2010.10.002 PG 11 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 715CC UT WOS:000286857000004 PM 21215953 ER PT S AU Dhillon, B Goodwin, SB AF Dhillon, Braham Goodwin, Stephen B. BE Xu, JR Bluhm, BH TI Identification and Annotation of Repetitive Sequences in Fungal Genomes SO FUNGAL GENOMICS: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Repetitive sequence identification; Transposable elements; Repeat annotation; Similarity-based methods; De novo methods; k-mer methods ID DE-NOVO IDENTIFICATION; REPEAT TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS; LENGTH LTR RETROTRANSPOSONS; ROLLING-CIRCLE TRANSPOSONS; TANDEM REPEATS; EUKARYOTIC GENOMES; GENE DUPLICATION; SEGMENTAL DUPLICATIONS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE AB Advances in sequencing technologies have fundamentally changed the pace of genome sequencing projects and have contributed to the ever-increasing volume of genomic data. This has been paralleled by an increase in computational power and resources to process and translate raw sequence data into meaningful information. In addition to protein coding regions, an integral part of all the genomes studied so far has been the presence of repetitive sequences. Previously considered as "junk," numerous studies have implicated repetitive sequences in important biological and structural roles in the genome. Therefore, the identification and characterization of these repetitive sequences has become an indispensable part of genome sequencing projects. Numerous similarity-based and de novo methods have been developed to search for and annotate repeats in the genome, many of which have been discussed in this chapter. C1 [Dhillon, Braham] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Goodwin, Stephen B.] Purdue Univ, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN USA. RP Dhillon, B (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. OI Goodwin, Stephen/0000-0001-5708-9729 NR 94 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-61779-039-3 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2011 VL 722 BP 33 EP 50 DI 10.1007/978-1-61779-040-9_3 D2 10.1007/978-1-61779-040-9 PG 18 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BVG85 UT WOS:000291502500003 PM 21590411 ER PT S AU Tomback, DF Achuff, P Schoettle, AW Schwandt, JW Mastrogiuseppe, RJ AF Tomback, Diana F. Achuff, Peter Schoettle, Anna W. Schwandt, John W. Mastrogiuseppe, Ron J. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI The Magnificent High-Elevation Five-Needle White Pines: Ecological Roles and Future Outlook SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID PINUS-FLEXILIS JAMES; BIRD-DISPERSED PINE; SUB-ALPINE FORESTS; GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM; MOUNTAIN BRISTLECONE-PINE; NORTHERN ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; COLORADO FRONT RANGE; LIMBER-PINE; BLISTER RUST AB The High Five symposium is devoted to exchanging information about a small group of pines with little commercial value but great importance to the ecology of high-mountain ecosystems of the West. These High Five pines include the subalpine and treeline species-whitebark (Pinus albicaulis), Rocky Mountain bristlecone (P. aristata), Great Basin bristlecone (P. longaeva), and foxtail (P. balfouriana)-the montane to subalpine pine, southwestern white (P. strobiformis), and the lower treeline to upper treeline pine, limber (P. flexilis). Here, we discuss the taxonomy, distribution, ecology, and Native American use of these pines, as well as current threats and conservation status. Traditional classification places the bristle cones and foxtail pine together in Subsection Balfourianae, limber and southwestern white pine in Subsection Strobi, and whitebark pine in Subsection Cembrae. Whitebark pine has the largest range and most northerly occurrence. The distribution of limber pine is also large, with a wide elevational range. Southwestern white pine occurs from the southwestern U.S. through northern Mexico; fox tail pine is found in two widely-separated regions in California; and, Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine occurs in northern Arizona and the southern Rocky Mountains. Great Basin bristlecone pine is restricted to the high desert ranges of eastern California, Utah, and Nevada. The High Five pines vary successionally and geographically from minor to major forest and treeline components. As a group, they are also moderately to strongly shade intolerant, and dependent on disturbance, particularly fire, on productive sites for forest renewal. The high elevation pines tolerate cold, arid sites with poor soils. On exposed sites with infrequent disturbance, these trees can live for 1000 to 4500 years, depending on the species. Thus, these pines together comprise geographically extensive and ecologically diverse forest habitat types. Whitebark, limber, and southwestern white pine produce large, wingless seeds that are eaten by a diversity of wildlife. Clark's nutcrackers (Nucifraga columbiana) are important seed dispersers for whitebark and limber pine, for southwestern white pine in its northern range, and to a lesser extent for the bristlecone pines. Furthermore, the High Five pines provide important ecosystem services directly benefiting humans, including the use of the seeds and other parts of pines as food and medicines by Native Americans, the regulation of downstream flow and the prevention of soil erosion by treeline forests, and the aesthetic and spiritual values often associated with high elevation forests. The future survival of the High Five pines is threatened by the exotic blister rust pathogen Cronartium ribicola, current mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) outbreaks, successional replacement from fire suppression, and climate change. Whitebark pine has been assigned special status in Washington and British Columbia, and endangered status along with limber pine in Alberta. A petition to list whitebark pine as an endangered or threatened species is currently being evaluated by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. In Canada, whitebark pine has been assessed federally as Endangered and is expected to be legally listed soon under the Species at Risk Act. C1 [Tomback, Diana F.] Univ Colorado, Dept Integrat Biol, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Tomback, Diana F.] Whitebark Pine Ecosyst Fdn, Missoula, MT USA. [Achuff, Peter] Waterton Lakes Natl Pk, Parks Canada, Waterton Pk, AB, Canada. [Schoettle, Anna W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Schwandt, John W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Protect, Coeur Dalene, ID USA. [Mastrogiuseppe, Ron J.] Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Pk, OR USA. RP Tomback, DF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Integrat Biol, Denver, CO 80202 USA. NR 205 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 3 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 2 EP 28 PG 27 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300001 ER PT S AU Burns, K Blodgett, J Jackson, M Howell, B Jacobi, W Schoettle, A Casper, AM Klutsch, J AF Burns, Kelly Blodgett, Jim Jackson, Marcus Howell, Brian Jacobi, William Schoettle, Anna Casper, Anne Marie Klutsch, Jennifer BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Monitoring Limber Pine Health in the Rocky Mountains and North Dakota SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn AB Ecological impacts are occurring as white pine blister rust spreads and intensifies through ecologically and culturally important limber pine ecosystems of the Rocky Mountains and surrounding areas. The imminent threat of mountain pine beetle has heightened concerns. Therefore, information on the health status of limber pine is needed to facilitate management and restoration efforts. The objectives of this study were to: (1) evaluate the health of limber pine in Colorado, Wyoming, Montana, and North Dakota, (2) establish monitoring plots to assess cumulative ecological impacts of blister rust and other damaging agents over time, and (3) gather baseline information needed to sustain, protect, and restore impacted stands. Eighty-three long-term monitoring plots were established in limber pine stands in 2006 and 2007. Most surveyed limber pines were classified as healthy (74 percent), while 19 percent were declining or dying, and 7 percent were dead. White pine blister rust and twig beetles were the most common damages observed. Evidence of recent mountain pine beetle activity was observed in 19 percent of all plots but mortality levels were low. Average plot incidence of white pine blister rust was greatest in the north and decreased southward except in ND where the disease was not detected. Limber pine regeneration was present in most plots but levels of blister rust infection on regeneration were fairly low. Mountain pine beetle populations have increased substantially since this study was initiated. Since blister rust rapidly kills young trees and bark beetles kill mature trees, their combined impacts could be significant. C1 [Burns, Kelly; Howell, Brian] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Reg, Forest Hlth Management, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Blodgett, Jim] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Reg, Forest Hlth Management, Rapid City, SD USA. [Jackson, Marcus] US Forest Serv, USDA, Northern Reg, Forest Hlth Protect, Missoula, MT USA. [Jacobi, William; Casper, Anne Marie] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Schoettle, Anna; Klutsch, Jennifer] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Burns, K (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Reg, Forest Hlth Management, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU USDA Forest Service Forest Health Monitoring program FX This project was funded by the USDA Forest Service Forest Health Monitoring program. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 47 EP 50 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300005 ER PT S AU Tomback, DF Schoettle, AW Perez, MJ Grompone, KM Mellmann-Brown, S AF Tomback, Diana F. Schoettle, Anna W. Perez, Mario J. Grompone, Kristen M. Mellmann-Brown, Sabine BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Regeneration and Survival of Whitebark Pine After the 1988 Yellowstone Fires SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID NATIONAL-PARK C1 [Tomback, Diana F.; Perez, Mario J.; Grompone, Kristen M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Integrat Biol, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Schoettle, Anna W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Mellmann-Brown, Sabine] Univ Munster, Inst Landscape Ecol, Munster, Germany. RP Tomback, DF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Integrat Biol, Denver, CO 80202 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 66 EP 68 PG 3 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300010 ER PT S AU Tomback, DF Samano, S Pruett, EL Schoettle, AW AF Tomback, Diana F. Samano, Sheridan Pruett, Elizabeth L. Schoettle, Anna W. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Seed Dispersal in Limber and Southwestern White Pine: Comparing Core and Peripheral Populations SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID PHENOLOGY; FLEXILIS C1 [Tomback, Diana F.; Samano, Sheridan; Pruett, Elizabeth L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Integrat Biol, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Schoettle, Anna W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Tomback, DF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Integrat Biol, Denver, CO 80202 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 69 EP 71 PG 3 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300011 ER PT S AU Bentz, B Campbell, E Gibson, K Kegley, S Logan, J Six, D AF Bentz, Barbara Campbell, Elizabeth Gibson, Ken Kegley, Sandra Logan, Jesse Six, Diana BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Mountain Pine Beetle in High-Elevation Five-Needle White Pine Ecosystems SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE; BARK BEETLES; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; NORTH-AMERICA; COLEOPTERA; SCOLYTIDAE; FUNGI; DYNAMICS; FORESTS; CANADA AB Across western North America mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae), populations are growing at exponential rates in pine ecosystems that span a wide range of elevations. As temperature increased over the past several decades, the flexible, thermally-regulated life-history strategies of mountain pine beetle have allowed for increased population success in numerous habitats. Of particular concern are the high-elevation five-needle white pines that are currently being infested. In a recent study of high-elevation whitebark pine. forests, mountain pine beetles from multiple generations were found killing pines within a single summer. These generations included parent beetles that overwintered and emerged to attack new host trees, adult beetles that developed in a single year (univoltine), and adult beetles that required two years for life-cycle completion (semivoltine). The occurrence of univoltine brood emerging from host trees at elevations above 2600 m is potentially due to warming temperatures in recent years. To test if warming temperatures are a contributing factor, mountain pine beetle thermal suitability was simulated using historical temperatures estimated for a single high-elevation whitebark pine site in Wyoming. Although there was substantial variability among years, model predictions for this high-elevation site suggest that thermal conditions in the late 20th and early 21st century have been increasingly conducive to mountain pine beetle univoltine lifecycles, and well within the species cold tolerance limits. Predictions also suggest that in the late 1920s and early 1930s conditions were thermally suitable for mountain pine beetle univoltine lifecycle timing, although extreme cold temperatures in the early 1930s may have resulted in high mountain pine beetle larval mortality. We briefly discuss the implications of these results to past trends in high-elevation white pine mortality. The role of temperature in mountain pine beetle population success, genetic variability among populations, fungal associates, and management implications for high elevation white pine forests are also discussed. C1 [Bentz, Barbara] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Campbell, Elizabeth] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Gibson, Ken] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Protect, Missoula, MT USA. [Kegley, Sandra] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Protect, Coeur Dalene, ID USA. [Logan, Jesse] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Emigrant, MT USA. [Six, Diana] Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Bentz, B (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 78 EP 84 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300015 ER PT S AU Kegley, S Schwandt, J Gibson, K Perkins, D AF Kegley, Sandra Schwandt, John Gibson, Ken Perkins, Dana BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Health of Whitebark Pine Forests After Mountain Pine Beetle Outbreaks SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID ECOSYSTEM AB Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis), a keystone high-elevation species, is currently at risk due to a combination of white pine blister rust (WPBR) (Cronartium ribicola), forest succession, and outbreaks of mountain pine beetle (MPB) (Dendroctonus ponderosae). While recent mortality is often quantified by aerial detection surveys (ADS) or ground surveys, little information is presented to describe what stands look like following MPB outbreaks. This information may help prioritize areas for restoration. In 2008 and 2009, the severity of MPB impacts was measured in 42 whitebark pine stands in Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming. WPBR was recorded on remaining live, mature whitebark pine and white bark pine regeneration. Probable stand trajectory was determined by comparing abundance and health of remaining whitebark pine with other competing tree species. During the recent outbreak, 30 to 97 percent of whitebark pine basal area tallied within each stand was killed by MPB. The density of live whitebark pine dropped by more than 80 percent on over half of areas surveyed. WPBR infection levels on remaining live, mature whitebark pine averaged 64 percent in northern Idaho, western Montana, and the Greater Yellowstone Area (GYA) (southwestern Montana, eastern Idaho, and northwest Wyoming) but only 4 percent in drier central Idaho. Infection levels on whitebark pine regeneration ranged from 0 to 81 percent. Regeneration of other tree species, primarily subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa), outnumbered whitebark pine in 69 percent of areas. Based on WPBR and MPB impacts on whitebark pine and abundance of other tree species, at least 57 percent of sites surveyed will likely convert from whitebark pine to other cover types without restoration efforts or wildfire. In central Idaho, current outbreak losses were compared to losses from an outbreak that occurred circa the 1930s. In four of six stands attacked in both periods, more whitebark pine basal area was killed in the 1930s. C1 [Kegley, Sandra; Schwandt, John] US Forest Serv, USDA, Coeur Dalene, ID 83815 USA. [Perkins, Dana] BLM, Challis, ID USA. RP Kegley, S (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Coeur Dalene, ID 83815 USA. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 85 EP 93 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300016 ER PT S AU Perkins, DL Jorgensen, CL Rinella, M AF Perkins, Dana L. Jorgensen, Carl L. Rinella, Matt BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Protecting Whitebark Pines Through a Mountain Pine Beetle Epidemic With Verbenone-Is It Working? SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn C1 [Perkins, Dana L.] USDI, Bur Land Management, Idaho State Off, Boise, ID 83709 USA. [Jorgensen, Carl L.] USFS, Forest Hlth Protect, Boise, ID USA. [Rinella, Matt] ARS, USDA, Miles City, MT USA. RP Perkins, DL (reprint author), USDI, Bur Land Management, Idaho State Off, Boise, ID 83709 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 94 EP 95 PG 2 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300017 ER PT S AU Bower, AD McLane, SC Eckert, A Jorgensen, S Schoettle, A Aitken, S AF Bower, Andrew D. McLane, Sierra C. Eckert, Andrew Jorgensen, Stacy Schoettle, Anna Aitken, Sally BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Conservation Genetics of High Elevation Five-Needle White Pines SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID BIRD-DISPERSED PINE; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; BASIN BRISTLECONE-PINE; BLISTER RUST; LIMBER PINE; ASSOCIATION GENETICS; KLAMATH MOUNTAINS; FLEXILIS JAMES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; GREAT-BASIN AB Conservation genetics examines the biophysical factors influencing genetic processes and uses that information to conserve and maintain the evolutionary potential of species and populations. Here we review published and unpublished literature on the conservation genetics of seven North American high-elevation five-needle pines. Although these species are widely distributed across much of western North America, many face considerable conservation challenges: they are not valued for timber, yet they have high ecological value; they are susceptible to the introduced disease white pine blister rust (caused by the fungus Cronartium ribicola) and endemic-turned-epidemic pests; and some are affected by habitat fragmentation and successional replacement by other species. Potential range shifts resulting from global climate change pose additional threats to these high-elevation species, as suitable climates may no longer exist on the mountains where they grow. The combined impacts of these threats have necessitated active management and conservation activities. While several high-elevation five-needle pines have been well studied, large information gaps exist regarding the genetic diversity and population structure of others. This information is crucial for the development of conservation management strategies. In this report, information on genetic diversity, population structure, and strategies for gene conservation is presented and information gaps identified for North America's high-elevation five-needle pines. C1 [Bower, Andrew D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Olymp Natl Forest, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [McLane, Sierra C.; Aitken, Sally] Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada. [Eckert, Andrew] Univ Calif Davis, Sect Evolut & Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Jorgensen, Stacy] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geog, Manoa, HI USA. [Schoettle, Anna] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Bower, AD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Olymp Natl Forest, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. NR 161 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 98 EP 117 PG 20 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300019 ER PT S AU Mahalovich, MF Hipkins, VD AF Mahalovich, Mary F. Hipkins, Valerie D. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Molecular Genetic Variation in Whitebark Pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) in the Inland West SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID LIMBER PINE; POPULATION DIFFERENTIATION; GENIC DIVERSITY; CONTORTA DOUGL; FLEXILIS JAMES; PINACEAE; EVOLUTION AB Levels of genetic variation within and among 163 individual-tree collections and one bulk lot of whitebark pine were estimated using isozymes, mitochondrial DNA and chloroplast DNA; 79 of the samples are also part of a common garden study evaluating survival, rust resistance, late winter cold hardiness, and early height-growth. Within the species, 100 percent of the isozyme loci are polymorphic, with the number of alleles per locus (Na) equal to 4.0. Genetic diversity is high (H-e = 0.271) relative to other conifers in the same forest cover type and is comparable to quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx) and limber pine (Pinus flexilis James), two of the most geographically widespread tree species in North America. Fixation values indicate general random mating with no marked excess of heterozygosity or inbreeding. Poor genetic differentiation among zones (F-ST = 0.026), low F-IS (-0.016) and F-IT (0.011) values, and a high number of migrants (N-m = 9.354) also indicate a lack of inbreeding. The oldest known whitebark pine specimen on the Sawtooth National Forest is homozygous for 13 loci (12 for common alleles and one for a rare allele). Of the 164 samples grouped into 117 collection sites, 108 of the nad5a intron of the mitochondrial genome contained haplotype 1 present in Idaho, Montana, eastern Washington, and Wyoming, while nine contained haplotype 2 from eastern California and Nevada. This mitochondrial marker, along with high pairwise F-ST values, underscores the uniqueness of the Nevada zone. High levels of diversity (H-e = 0.481, Na = 4.2) measured by three, chloroplast simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers indicate the Bitterroots-Idaho Plateau zone has the largest amount of diversity, while the Selkirk-Cabinet zone has the lowest diversity among zones. Similar relationships occur among the Selkirk-Cabinets, Clark Fork-Lolo Pass, and Missions-Glacier Park zones as a group and the Bitterroots-Idaho Plateau and Central Montana zones as another distinct group. Until further sources can be evaluated south of 44.5 degrees N latitude for key adaptive traits, a conservative approach maintains the Bitterroots-Idaho Plateau and Central Montana groups as distinct zones. The four adaptive traits from the common garden study, isozyme data and three chloroplast SSR markers support the Greater Yellowstone-Grand Teton zone remaining a distinct zone. Taken collectively there is sufficient genetic diversity and genetic variation to support the continuation of a rust resistance screening and genetic restoration program for this species. C1 [Mahalovich, Mary F.] US Forest Serv, Genet Resource Program, USDA, Northern Rocky Mt Southwern & Intermt Reg, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Hipkins, Valerie D.] Natl Forest Genet Lab, Placerville, CA USA. RP Mahalovich, MF (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Genet Resource Program, USDA, Northern Rocky Mt Southwern & Intermt Reg, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. FU USDA Forest Service, National Forest System FX Funding for this project was provided by the USDA Forest Service, National Forest System. The authors wish to thank Leo P. Bruederle, Stacy Jorgensen, Joe Myers, and Steve Shelly for their reviews [of an earlier manuscript]. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 118 EP 132 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300020 ER PT S AU Hamlin, J Kegley, A Sniezko, R AF Hamlin, Jim Kegley, Angelia Sniezko, Richard BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Genetic Variation of Whitebark Pine (Pinus albicaulis) Provenances and Families From Oregon and Washington in Juvenile Height Growth and Needle Color SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID SEED TRANSFER AB A three year common garden study was conducted on whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) which included 215 families from the eight provenances or seed zones in Oregon and Washington. Total height and needle color were assessed. Height differed significantly among provenances and families, and was primarily associated with source elevation, longitude, and precipitation. A moderate to high heritability was estimated for total height. Seedling needle color differed among provenances and was associated with temperature:moisture indexes and source elevation. Height growth along the Cascade mountain range (USA), representing four adjoining provenances or seed zones, appeared to be similar and clinal in nature. The four remaining provenances, representing seed zones from a more moderate or extreme environmental settings, differed significantly from the Cascade provenances for one or more traits that were examined. It would seem prudent to restrict seed transfers to within each of these four seed zones respectively. This study also supports the need to plan gene conservation collections within each seed zone for whitebark pine in the Pacific Northwest region. C1 [Hamlin, Jim] US Forest Serv, USDA, Umpqua Natl Forest, Roseburg, OR 97471 USA. [Kegley, Angelia; Sniezko, Richard] US Forest Serv, USDA, Dorena Genet Resource Ctr, Cottage Grove, OR USA. RP Hamlin, J (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Umpqua Natl Forest, Roseburg, OR 97471 USA. FU PNW Region Forest Heath Protection and Genetic Resource programs; Crater Lake and Mt. Rainier NP FX We thank Kim Brown for his volunteer time to assess the foliage color, and the DGRC technicians for height assessments and nursery culture. We thank the PNW Region Forest Heath Protection and Genetic Resource programs and Crater Lake and Mt. Rainier NP's for funding. We appreciate the numerous personnel from the Forest Service, National Parks, and Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs for making seed collections or access to their sites for seed collections. We also thank Drs. Paul Berrang and Matthew Horning for their review of an earlier version of this paper. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 133 EP 139 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300021 ER PT S AU Jermstad, KD Eckert, AJ Kinloch, BB Davis, DA Burton, DC Mix, AD Wegrzyn, JL Neale, DB AF Jermstad, Kathleen D. Eckert, Andrew J. Kinloch, Bohun B., Jr. Davis, Dean A. Burton, Deems C. Mix, Annette D. Wegrzyn, Jill L. Neale, David B. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI A Sugar Pine Consensus Map: Comparative Mapping Between the Pinus Subgenus Pinus and the Subgenus Strobus SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID BLISTER RUST; MAJOR GENE; RESISTANCE; MARKERS; GENOME; TAEDA AB We have constructed a consensus genetic linkage map for sugar pine using three mapping populations that segregate for resistance to white pine blister rust, a disease caused by the fungal pathogen Cronartium ribicola. The major gene of resistance, Cr1, was mapped in two of the populations and included in the consensus map, which contains 400 markers organized into 19 linkage groups. All 19 linkage groups align with the 12 linkage groups of the loblolly pine reference map. This work provides the foundation for comparative genomics and mapping within the Pinus subgenus Strobus. C1 [Jermstad, Kathleen D.; Kinloch, Bohun B., Jr.; Mix, Annette D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Inst Forest Genet, Placerville, CA 95667 USA. [Eckert, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Davis, Sect Evolut & Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Davis, Dean A.; Burton, Deems C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Genet Resource Unit, Reg 5, Happy Camp, CA USA. [Wegrzyn, Jill L.; Neale, David B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Jermstad, KD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Inst Forest Genet, Placerville, CA 95667 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 140 EP 144 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300022 ER PT S AU Schoettle, AW Klutsch, JG Antolin, MF Field, S AF Schoettle, A. W. Klutsch, J. G. Antolin, M. F. Field, S. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI A Population Genetic Model for High-Elevation Five-Needle Pines: Projecting Population Outcomes in the Presence of White Pine Blister Rust SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn C1 [Schoettle, A. W.; Klutsch, J. G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Klutsch, J. G.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Antolin, M. F.; Field, S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Schoettle, AW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 145 EP 146 PG 2 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300023 ER PT S AU Sniezko, RA Schoettle, A Dunlap, J Vogler, D Conklin, D Bower, A Jensen, C Mangold, R Daoust, D Man, G AF Sniezko, Richard A. Schoettle, Anna Dunlap, Joan Vogler, Detlev Conklin, David Bower, Andrew Jensen, Chris Mangold, Rob Daoust, Doug Man, Gary BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Ex Situ Gene Conservation in High Elevation White Pine Species in the United States-A Beginning SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn C1 [Sniezko, Richard A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Dorena Genet Resource Program, Cottage Grove, OR 97424 USA. [Schoettle, Anna] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Dunlap, Joan] US Forest Serv, USDA, Eldorado Natl Forest, Placerville, CA USA. [Vogler, Detlev] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Placerville, CA USA. [Conklin, David] US Forest Serv, USDA, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Bower, Andrew] US Forest Serv, USDA, Olymp Natl Forest, Olympia, WA USA. [Jensen, Chris] US Forest Serv, USDA, Deschutes Natl Forest, Bend, OR USA. [Mangold, Rob; Man, Gary] US Forest Serv, USDA, WO, Arlington, VA USA. [Daoust, Doug] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Northwest Reg, Portland, OR USA. RP Sniezko, RA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Dorena Genet Resource Program, Cottage Grove, OR 97424 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 147 EP 149 PG 3 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300024 ER PT S AU Bower, AD Richardson, BA Hipkins, V Rochefort, R Aubry, C AF Bower, Andrew D. Richardson, Bryce A. Hipkins, Valerie Rochefort, Regina Aubry, Carol BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Comparison of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Pacific Coast Whitebark Pine Across Multiple Markers SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn C1 [Bower, Andrew D.; Aubry, Carol] US Forest Serv, USDA, Olymp Natl Forest, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [Richardson, Bryce A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Provo, UT USA. [Hipkins, Valerie] US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Forest Genet Electrophoresis Lab, Placerville, CA USA. [Rochefort, Regina] USDI Natl Pk Serv, Vsedro Woolley, WA USA. RP Bower, AD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Olymp Natl Forest, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 150 EP 150 PG 1 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300025 ER PT S AU Mangold, RD AF Mangold, Robert D. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI The US Forest Service's Renewed Focus on Gene Conservation of Five-Needle Pine Species SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn C1 [Mangold, Robert D.] US Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. RP Mangold, RD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 151 EP 151 PG 1 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300026 ER PT S AU Schoettle, AW Goodrich, BA Hipkins, V Richards, C Kray, J AF Schoettle, Anna W. Goodrich, Betsy A. Hipkins, Valerie Richards, Christopher Kray, Julie BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Geographic Patterns of Genetic Variation, Population Structure and Adaptive Traits in Pinus aristata, Rocky Mountain Bristlecone Pine SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn C1 [Schoettle, Anna W.; Goodrich, Betsy A.; Kray, Julie] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Hipkins, Valerie] US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Forest Gel Electrophoresis Lab, Placerville, CA USA. [Richards, Christopher] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Schoettle, AW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 152 EP 152 PG 1 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300027 ER PT S AU Campbell, EM Keane, RE Larson, ER Murray, MP Schoettle, AW Wong, C AF Campbell, Elizabeth M. Keane, Robert E. Larson, Evan R. Murray, Michael P. Schoettle, Anna W. Wong, Carmen BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Disturbance Ecology of High-Elevation Five-Needle Pine Ecosystems in Western North America SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID SUB-ALPINE FORESTS; YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; WHITEBARK-PINE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BLISTER RUST; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; LODGEPOLE PINE; FIRE HISTORY; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; UNITED-STATES AB This paper synthesizes existing information about the disturbance ecology of high-elevation five-needle pine ecosystems, describing disturbances regimes, how they are changing or are expected to change, and the implications for ecosystem persistence. As it provides the context for ecosystem conservation/restoration programs, we devote particular attention to wildfire and its interactions with mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) outbreaks and white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola J.C. Fisch.). Patterns of fire disturbance and post-fire regeneration in high elevation five-needle pine ecosystems are highly variable over space and time. While stand-replacing fires predominate in some regions, mixed severity fire regimes that include low intensity surface fires and crown fire components, appear most common. Fire disturbance provides critical regeneration opportunities for most high-elevation five-needle pines but fire exclusion over the last century is having some impacts such as major declines of white bark pine (Pinus albicaulis Englem). Historic mountain pine beetle outbreaks caused episodes of mature high-elevation five-needle pine death over large regions. While these pines have adapted to this historic pattern of disturbance, global climate change is causing the geographic expansion of beetle outbreaks that are killing high-elevation pines in places with no history of major impacts. Expanding beetle outbreaks and exotic blister rust infections, which continue to intensify and spread into the southernmost geographic range of high-elevation five-needle pines, reduce the density of seed bearing trees and hasten succession. Global climate change may also generate more frequent severe fires. This may pose a threat to some pines and generate regeneration opportunities for others, provided beetle outbreaks and blister rust have not reduced the density of seed-bearing trees below critical thresholds. High-elevation five-needle pine ecosystem responses to disturbance are complex and while there is still much to learn, management efforts are moving forward to conserve and restorxe these critical components of mountain landscapes. Given the compleity and uncertainty of ecosystem response to disturbance, a cautious yet proactive approach to management will be necessary to build ecosystem resilience to future disturbances, whether natural or human-caused. C1 [Campbell, Elizabeth M.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Keane, Robert E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. [Larson, Evan R.] Univ Wisconsin Platteville, Dept Geog, Platteville, WI USA. [Murray, Michael P.] British Columbia Forest Serv, Nelson, BC, Canada. [Schoettle, Anna W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Wong, Carmen] Parks Canada, Whitehorse, YT, Canada. RP Campbell, EM (reprint author), Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Victoria, BC, Canada. NR 89 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 154 EP 163 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300028 ER PT S AU Coop, JD Schoettle, AW AF Coop, Jonathan D. Schoettle, Anna W. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Fire and High-Elevation, Five-Needle Pine (Pinus aristata & P. flexilis) Ecosystems in the Southern Rocky Mountains: What Do We Know? SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID COLORADO FRONT RANGE; BIRD-DISPERSED PINE; SUB-ALPINE FORESTS; BRISTLECONE-PINE; CLARK NUTCRACKER; WHITEBARK-PINE; HISTORY; REGENERATION; USA; VEGETATION AB Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine (Pinus aristata Engelm) and limber pine (P. flexilis James) are high-elevation, five needle pines of the southern Rocky Mountains. The pre-settlement role of fire in bristlecone and limber pine forests remains the subject of considerable uncertainty; both species likely experienced a wide range of fire regimes across gradients of site productivity and connectivity of fuels and flammable landscapes. In dense stands and more continuous forests, stand history reconstructions provide evidence for infrequent, high-severity fires. Limber pine can be dispersed long distances by Clark's nutcrackers (Nucifraga columbiana), and in the high-elevation subalpine forests of the northern Colorado Front Range, it is an early colonist of extensive, high severity burns. However, this relationship with fire may not be general to the southern Rockies. The degree to which high-severity fire was typical of bristlecone pine, and the spatial extent of such fires, is uncertain. Following fire, bristlecone pine regeneration tends to be constrained to burn edges or beneath surviving trees. In both five-needle pines, regeneration dynamics take decades to centuries. Where open stands border grassy openings both species frequently exhibit fire scars indicative of fairly frequent but low intensity fire; because of the great ages attained by both species, they offer potentially very long fire history reconstructions in such settings. Whether or not fire suppression has led to declines in either species through successional shifts to shade-tolerant competitors or by shifts to a stand replacing fire-regime remains an open question that deserves further inquiry. In any case, re-establishing pre-settlement fire regimes, whatever they were, may not be as important as determining appropriate disturbance regimes given current conditions and management objectives. Both species are highly susceptible to rapid declines caused by white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) and mountain pine beetles (Dendroctonus ponderosae). In the face of these threats, and uncertain consequences of climate change, fire management (both prevention and application) can be a tool to promote resilient landscapes. Appropriate fire management may be used to conserve valuable stands, promote regeneration and diversify age class structures, and/or alter the balance between these species and their competitors. Many of these themes and questions indicate the need for further basic and applied research. C1 [Coop, Jonathan D.] Western State Coll Colorado, Ctr Environm Studies, Gunnison, CO 81231 USA. [Schoettle, Anna W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Coop, JD (reprint author), Western State Coll Colorado, Ctr Environm Studies, Gunnison, CO 81231 USA. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 164 EP 175 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300029 ER PT S AU Loehman, RA Corrow, A Keane, RE AF Loehman, Rachel A. Corrow, Allissa Keane, Robert E. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Modeling Climate Changes and Wildfire Interactions: Effects on Whitebark Pine (Pinus albicaulis) and Implications for Restoration, Glacier National Park, Montana, USA SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID FOREST RESTORATION; FIRE; BIODIVERSITY; 20TH-CENTURY; LANDSCAPES; CALIFORNIA; ECOSYSTEM; PATTERNS AB Climate changes are projected to profoundly influence vegetation patterns and community compositions, either directly through increased species mortality and shifts in species distributions, or indirectly through disturbance dynamics such as increased wildfire activity and extent, shifting fire regimes, and pathogenesis. High-elevation landscapes have been shown to be particularly sensitive to climatic change and are likely to experience significant impacts under predicted future climate change conditions. Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis), a keystone and foundation five-needle pine species, is vulnerable to multiple and interacting disturbances that have already caused major changes in species distribution and abundance. We used the mechanistic simulation model FireBGCv2 to assess potential interacting effects of future climate changes and wildfire patterns on the presence and persistence of whitebark pine in a high-elevation watershed in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA. We did not include white pine blister rust and mountain pine beetles as disturbance factors in our simulation so that we could isolate climate-fire impacts, and because these disturbance factors have already so severely reduced whitebark pine populations in the area that few live trees remain. Hence, our results presume the establishment of initial populations of live, rust-resistant trees on the MD-GNP landscape through successful restoration efforts. Our results indicate that climate changes may significantly impact whitebark pines in this region through indirect mechanisms including altered distributions of competing tree species and increased fire frequency and fire size. The sensitivity of the species to a complex suite of interacting disturbance agents suggests that conservation efforts must address and mitigate these multiple threats through a suite of restoration treatments including planting of rust-resistant stock, fuels treatments, and prescribed burning to restore whitebark pine to its current range. In addition, additional simulation modeling experiments should be developed to identify areas suitable for restoration under potential future climate regimes and test efficacy of restoration strategies under these new climate conditions. C1 [Loehman, Rachel A.; Corrow, Allissa; Keane, Robert E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. RP Loehman, RA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. FU Joint Fire Sciences Program [JFSP 09-3-01-17] FX This research was funded in part by the Joint Fire Sciences Program under Project JFSP 09-3-01-17. The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of the large number of skilled researchers, ecologists, and biological technicians who have participated in many phases of this research. In particular, we thank Alisa Keyser (UC Merced), Dan Fagre (USGS), Matt Rollins (USGS), and Signe Leirfallom and Greg Cohn (USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Fire Sciences Lab). We also thank Ilana Abrahamson and Eva Karau (USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Fire Sciences Lab) and Michael Murray (BC Forest Service) for their editorial comments during preparation of this manuscript. NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 176 EP 189 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300030 ER PT S AU Geils, BW Vogler, DR AF Geils, Brian W. Vogler, Detlev R. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI A Natural History of Cronartium ribicola SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID PINE BLISTER RUST; WESTERN WHITE-PINE; MANAGEMENT; RIBES AB Cronartium ribicola is a fungal pathogen that causes a blister rust disease of white pines, Ribes, and other hosts in the genera Castilleja and Pedicularis. Although blister rust can damage white pine trees and stands, the severity and significance of these impacts vary with time, place, and management. We use a natural history approach to describe the history, biology, and management of C. ribicola. We review its status as a non-native pathogen, likely ecological and evolutionary behavior, and implications for management. C1 [Geils, Brian W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Vogler, Detlev R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Inst Forest Genet, Placerville, CA USA. RP Geils, BW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 210 EP 217 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300037 ER PT S AU Klutsch, JG Goodrich, BA Schoettle, AW AF Klutsch, Jennifer G. Goodrich, Betsy A. Schoettle, Anna W. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Limber Pine Forests on the Leading Edge of White Pine Blister Rust Distribution in Northern Colorado SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn C1 [Klutsch, Jennifer G.; Goodrich, Betsy A.; Schoettle, Anna W.] USFS Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Klutsch, JG (reprint author), USFS Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 222 EP 225 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300039 ER PT S AU Medrum, JR Champ, PA Bond, CA AF Medrum, James R. Champ, Patricia A. Bond, Craig A. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Valuing the Forest for the Trees: Willingness to Pay for White Pine Blister Rust Management SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID CONTINGENT VALUATION; NATURAL DISTURBANCE; NATIONAL-PARK; ECOSYSTEMS; EXISTENCE; BEETLE AB The nearly two million acres of high elevation forests in the Western United States are not an important source of timber or any other market products. However, that does not mean that the forests are not highly valuable. Visitors and non visitors alike value the unique five-needle pine trees found in these high elevation ecosystems. In this study, we estimate the nonmarket benefits of preserving high elevation forests in the Western United States from the threat of white pine blister rust (WPBR), a non-native pathogen. A contingent valuation survey collected information about attitudes, behaviors, and economic preferences related to high elevation forests and the threat posed by WPBR. The estimated values suggest high-elevation forests in the Western United States provide the public with significant nonmarket benefits. The magnitude of the estimated nonmarket benefits and responses to attitudinal measures reflect survey respondents' concern about the continued existence of healthy high-elevation forests. Attitude and behavior data demonstrate varied motivations for nonmarket values. The majority of the survey respondents had visited a high-elevation forest in the past, yet recreation was rated the least important feature of high elevation forests. Results of this study can be used in benefit-cost or other types of analysis to improve management efficiency of high elevation white pine ecosystems. C1 [Medrum, James R.] Univ Colorado, Environm Studies Program, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Champ, Patricia A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Bond, Craig A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Medrum, JR (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Environm Studies Program, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 226 EP 234 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300040 ER PT S AU William, RJ Goodrich, BA Kearns, HSJ Burns, KS Geils, BW AF William, Jacobi R. Goodrich, Betsy A. Kearns, Holly S. J. Burns, Kelly S. Geils, Brian W. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Can Microscale Meteorological Conditions Predict the Impact of White Pine Blister Rust in Colorado and Wyoming? SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn C1 [William, Jacobi R.; Goodrich, Betsy A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Kearns, Holly S. J.] US Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect, USDA, Coeur Dalene, ID USA. [Burns, Kelly S.] US Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect, USDA, Lakewood, CO USA. [Geils, Brian W.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Flagstaff, AZ USA. RP William, RJ (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 242 EP 242 PG 1 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300043 ER PT S AU Stone, J Schoettle, A Sniezko, R Kegley, A AF Stone, Jeffrey Schoettle, Anna Sniezko, Richard Kegley, Angelia BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Histological Observations on Needle Colonization by Cronartium ribicola in Susceptible and Resistant Seedlings of Whitebark Pine and Limber Pine SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn C1 [Stone, Jeffrey] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Schoettle, Anna] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Sniezko, Richard; Kegley, Angelia] US Forest Serv, USDA, Dorena Genet Resources Ctr, Cottage Grove, OR USA. RP Stone, J (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 243 EP 243 PG 1 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300044 ER PT S AU Sniezko, RA Mahalovich, MF Schoettle, AW Vogler, DR AF Sniezko, Richard A. Mahalovich, Mary F. Schoettle, Anna W. Vogler, Detlev R. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Past and Current Investigations of the Genetic Resistance to Cronartium ribicola in High-elevation Five-needle Pines SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID WESTERN WHITE-PINE; BLISTER RUST RESISTANCE; FIELD TRIAL; VIRULENCE; MONTICOLA; PATHOGENS; OREGON; RANGE AB All nine species of white pines native to the U.S. or Canada are susceptible to the introduced pathogen Cronartium ribicola. Of the six high elevation white pine species, the severe infection and mortality levels of Pinus albicaulis have been the most documented, but blister rust also impacts P. aristata, P. balfouriana, P. flexilis and P. strobiformis; only P. longaeva has not been documented to be infected in its natural range. Early evaluations of resistance included relatively few seedlots and demonstrated that these species have some genetic resistance to blister rust but generally less than their Eurasian relatives. Recently, more extensive evaluations of these six species have begun. These recent rust tests capitalize on the methods developed from decades of prior experience by the USDA Forest Service in testing P. monticola and P. lambertiana. Following artificial inoculation, seedlings are evaluated for up to five years for an array of putative resistant responses including reduced number of needle spots, needle spot color, hypersensitive reaction in the needles, shedding of infected needles, presence or absence of stem infections, number of stem infections, latency of infection, severity of infection, bark reactions, and survival with stem infections. P. albicaulis has undergone the most extensive testing, with 650 families inoculated as of 2010. Seedling families of P. albicaulis have been tested under several inoculum densities and with different geographic sources of blister rust. Extensive work is also underway for P. aristata and P. flexilis and significant efforts have begun with P. balfouriana, P. longaeva and P. strobiformis. Initial results indicate that common resistance responses appear to be present in most species, that geographic variation in some types of resistance are present, and that some types of resistance may not be present in some species. Many more field selections are needed to build sufficient genetic diversity among resistant selections for each species within a breeding zone. A few field trials have been established for P. albicaulis, but additional trials for long-term verification of rust resistance from seedling screenings should be established to examine durability of rust resistance, correlated response with other adaptive traits, and response to climate change. Further examination of the many P. monticola field trials, some more than 30 years old, will help provide data on durability and stability of resistance in this species and give possible insights for examining the six high elevation white pine species. Regional programs can use resistance information to designate additional parent trees for seed collection, establish seed orchards to produce greater levels of rust resistance, and provide ex situ conservation of resistant individuals. The USDA Forest Service's Inland West program for P. albicaulis was the first to begin, but most regions are now active to varying extents. Based on results of seedling tests, the first resistant seedlings have been planted in several regions. Continued research on underlying resistance mechanisms and their inheritance, potential for greater virulence/aggressiveness in the pathogen, and molecular tools to facilitate more efficient resistant selections are needed. Recent discussions of high levels of infection in the native ranges of some Asian species in China and South Korea suggest that a more virulent/aggressive race of C. ribicola may be present, and that a second species may exist; if so, then added precautions are needed to prevent importation of these pathogenic variants or other species. C1 [Sniezko, Richard A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Dorena Genet Resource Ctr, Cottage Grove, OR 97424 USA. [Mahalovich, Mary F.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Moscow, ID USA. [Schoettle, Anna W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Vogler, Detlev R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Inst Forest Genet, Placerville, CA USA. RP Sniezko, RA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Dorena Genet Resource Ctr, Cottage Grove, OR 97424 USA. FU USDA Forest Service; USDI National Park Service FX Funding from the USDA Forest Service and USDI National Park Service assisted various phases of the seed collections and resistance work. We thank all the organizations that provided seed: FS (FHP, NFS, R&D), NPS, BLM, Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs, Waterton Parks, Alberta, Alberta Tree Seed Centre and Nebraska Forest Service. We would also like to gratefully acknowledge the many dedicated personnel who have been involved in various phases of the resistance programs, including tree selections, cone and aeciospores collections, resistance testing and seed orchard establishment. We thank Angelia Kegley for constructing the graphs and for comments on an earlier version of the paper; Heather Lintz for constructing the P. albicaulis maps; and, Valerie Walker for the photos of the orchard on Lobo NF. We would also like to thank Bohun B. Kinloch, Tom DeSpain, Joan Dunlap, and John King for their reviews and comments. NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 246 EP 264 PG 19 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300045 ER PT S AU Schoettle, AW Sniezko, RA Kegley, A Burns, KS AF Schoettle, Anna W. Sniezko, Richard A. Kegley, Angelia Burns, Kelly S. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Preliminary Overview of the First Extensive Rust Resistance Screening Tests of Pinus flexilis and Pinus aristata SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID BLISTER RUST C1 [Schoettle, Anna W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Sniezko, Richard A.; Kegley, Angelia] US Forest Serv, USDA, Dorena Genet Resources Ctr, Cottage Grove, OR USA. [Burns, Kelly S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Management, Lakewood, CO USA. RP Schoettle, AW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 265 EP 269 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300046 ER PT S AU Dunlap, J AF Dunlap, J. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Status of White Pine Blister Rust and Seed Collections in California's High-Elevation White Pine Species SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn C1 [Dunlap, J.] US Forest Serv, Reg Sugar Pine Rust Resistance Program 5, USDA, Placerville Nursery, Camino, CA 95709 USA. RP Dunlap, J (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Reg Sugar Pine Rust Resistance Program 5, USDA, Placerville Nursery, Camino, CA 95709 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 270 EP 270 PG 1 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300047 ER PT S AU Hendricks, S Sutton, W Stone, J Sniezko, R Kegley, A Schoettle, A AF Hendricks, Sam Sutton, Wendy Stone, Jeffrey Sniezko, Richard Kegley, Angelia Schoettle, Anna BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Applications in White Pine Blister Rust Resistance Screening SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn C1 [Hendricks, Sam; Sutton, Wendy; Stone, Jeffrey] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Sniezko, Richard; Kegley, Angelia] US Forest Serv, USDA, Dorena Genet Resources Ctr, Cottage Grove, OR USA. [Schoettle, Anna] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Hendricks, S (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 271 EP 271 PG 1 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300048 ER PT S AU Liu, JJ Sniezko, R AF Liu, Jun-Jun Sniezko, Richard BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Molecular Dissection of White Pine Genetic Resistance to Cronartium ribicola SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn C1 [Liu, Jun-Jun] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Sniezko, Richard] US Forest Serv, USDA, Dorena Genet Resource Ctr, Cottage Grove, OR USA. RP Liu, JJ (reprint author), Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Victoria, BC, Canada. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 272 EP 272 PG 1 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300049 ER PT S AU Sniezko, RA Kegley, A Danchok, R Hamlin, J Hill, J Conklin, D AF Sniezko, R. A. Kegley, A. Danchok, R. Hamlin, J. Hill, J. Conklin, D. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Rust Resistance in Seedling Families of Pinus albicaulis and Pinus strobiformis and Implications for Restoration SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn C1 [Sniezko, R. A.; Kegley, A.; Danchok, R.; Hill, J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Dorena Genet Resource Ctr, Cottage Grove, OR 97424 USA. [Hamlin, J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Umpqua Natl Forest, Roseburg, OR USA. [Conklin, D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Sniezko, RA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Dorena Genet Resource Ctr, Cottage Grove, OR 97424 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 273 EP 273 PG 1 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300050 ER PT S AU Keane, RE Schoettle, AW AF Keane, Robert E. Schoettle, Anna W. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Strategies, Tools, and Challenges for Sustaining and Restoring High Elevation Five-Needle White Pine Forests in Western North America SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID BLISTER RUST; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BRISTLECONE; ECOSYSTEMS; MOUNTAINS; COLORADO; FIRE; FLEXILIS; IMPACTS; ATTACKS AB Many ecologically important, five-needle white pine forests that historically dominated the high elevation landscapes of western North America are now being heavily impacted by mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus spp.) outbreaks, the exotic disease white pine blister rust (WPBR), and altered high elevation fire regimes. Management intervention using specially designed strategic treatments will be needed to conserve these keystone species. The goal of this intervention is to promote self-sustaining five-needle white pine ecosystems that have both resilience to disturbances and genetic resistance to white pine blister rust. Many tools and methods are available for land managers. In this paper we outline important steps for implementation of restoration treatments in declining high elevation white pine stands and discuss a number of proactive treatments in threatened ecosystems to mitigate adverse impacts of rust, beetles, and lack of fire. These steps for restoration include (1) create a strategy for restoration across multiple scales, (2) develop materials and techniques for conducting restoration treatments, such as seed collections and rust resistance assessments of the genetic material, (3) prioritize stands or landscapes by integrating the strategy with other management issues, administrative barriers, climate change mitigation, and other local concerns, (4) implement silvicultural cuttings and prescribed fire according to landscape and stand level strategies, (5) conduct activities and assessments to enhance and ensure restoration treatments are effective including planting rust-resistant pine seedlings and protecting valuable seed-sources, and finally (6) monitor treated landscape and stands for effects and adjust and modify future treatment designs accordingly. Examples from whitebark pine ecosystems in the northern Rocky Mountains will be presented to demonstrate this process. For those high elevation white pine ecosystems that are threatened by white pine blister rust or mountain pine beetle, there are actions that can be taken proactively to gain necessary information to evaluate risk and prepare landscapes for invasion to mitigate future impacts. The proactive strategy includes: (1) educate and engage the public and managers to shift from crisis management to management for resiliency, (2) conserve genetic diversity from native populations before they are impacted by WPBR or other stresses, (3) conduct research on patterns, processes and responses of native ecosystems to provide process level understanding of ecosystem behavior and (4) develop and conduct appropriate management activities to increase the resiliency of high elevation five-needle pine ecosystems to prepare them for change. Whether it is restoring impacted landscapes or interventions to mitigate the development of impacts on threatened landscapes, there are two important factors that will govern the success of these species even with comprehensive and effective rangewide strategies: (1) the magnitude of resources available over time to conduct restoration efforts, and (2) the commitment of natural resource agencies to conduct restoration activities over the long term, most likely for many decades to centuries. C1 [Keane, Robert E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59804 USA. [Schoettle, Anna W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Keane, RE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59804 USA. NR 79 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 276 EP 294 PG 19 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300051 ER PT S AU Bond, CA Champ, P Meldrum, J Schoettle, A AF Bond, Craig A. Champ, Patricia Meldrum, James Schoettle, Anna BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Investigating the Optimality of Proactive Management of an Invasive Forest Pest SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID PINE BLISTER RUST; BRISTLECONE PINE; WHITEBARK-PINE; REGENERATION; ECOSYSTEMS; MORTALITY; ARISTATA AB This paper offers a preliminary investigation into the conditions under which it might be optimal to engage in proactive management of a non-timber forest resource in the presence of an invasive species whose spread is unaffected by management action. Proactive management is defined as treating an uninfected area to encourage healthy ecosystem function, given that the arrival of the invasive is inevitable. Inspired by the problem of white pine blister rust in the Rocky Mountain west of the United States, the model was solved under varying assumptions concerning the scale of management action, benefit and costs, discount rate, and uncertainty of spread. Results showed that proactive strategies tended to be optimal when, all else equal, a) more resources are available for treatment; b) the costs of treatment are rapidly increasing in forest health, or conversely, the benefits of healthy and unhealthy stands are relatively similar; and c) the discount rate is low. The introduction of uncertainty did not significantly affect the likelihood of a proactive management strategy being optimal, but it did show that the conditional probabilities of infection play important role in the decision of which uninfected stand should be treated if a choice is available to the manager. C1 [Bond, Craig A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Champ, Patricia; Schoettle, Anna] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Meldrum, James] Univ Colorado, Environm Studies, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Bond, CA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 295 EP 302 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300052 ER PT S AU Schoettle, AW Goodrich, BA Klutsch, JG Burns, KS Costello, S Sniezko, RA Connor, J AF Schoettle, A. W. Goodrich, B. A. Klutsch, J. G. Burns, K. S. Costello, S. Sniezko, R. A. Connor, J. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI The Proactive Strategy for Sustaining Five-Needle Pine Populations: An Example of its Implementation in the Southern Rocky Mountains SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID WESTERN WHITE-PINE; BLISTER RUST; BRISTLECONE-PINE; RESISTANCE; ELEVATIONS; RANGE; GENE AB The imminent invasion of the non-native fungus, Cronartium ribicola J.C. Fisch., that causes white pine blister rust (WPBR) and the current mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, MPB) epidemic in northern Colorado limber pine forests will severely affect the forest regeneration cycle necessary for functioning ecosystems. The slow growth and maturity of limber pine enables trees to persist on the landscape for centuries, but without sufficient regeneration opportunities these traits will inevitably hinder the ability of limber pine to adapt to novel stresses such as WPBR or climate change. The current MPB outbreak will result in the death of many mature limber pines, including many with genetic resistance to WPBR. It will be decades until advanced regeneration develops into seed-producing mature trees in much of this region. This development will be limited further by WPBR which rapidly kills susceptible young trees. Efforts to sustain limber pine and Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine in the southern Rockies were initiated in 2001. The Northern Colorado Limber Pine Conservation Program, described here, is an example of the Proactive Strategy being implemented at a local scale. The program is a cooperative partnership between the USFS Rocky Mountain Research Station, Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP), USFS Forest Health Management, and several Ranger Districts on the Arapaho-Roosevelt National Forest. It is designed to 1) conserve limber pine genetic diversity and 2) collect needed data to assist land managers in making informed decisions for preparation of a management plan intended to sustain resilient limber pine ecosystems in northern Colorado. The cooperative effort aims to provide immediate protection of limber pine from MPB, facilitate seed collections for WPBR resistance tests, and store and use seed for conservation, research and restoration. Seedlings are being screened for WPBR resistance to determine frequencies of resistance across the landscape among populations and to identify resistant seed trees for future seed collections. The seedling tests will also estimate population differentiation along the elevation gradient to refine seed transfer guidelines. Surveys of forest health, biotic damage, rust incidence, and trends in advanced regeneration will help project persistence of these populations after passage of the MPB epidemic. These data will provide a basis for evaluations of proactive management options on a site specific basis before northern Colorado ecosystems are impaired by WPBR; this should shorten the time frame to return to functioning ecosystems. Focusing management on proactively maintaining genetic diversity and a functional regeneration cycle will promote sustained adaptive capacity and ecosystems resilience to novel stresses such as WPBR and climate change. C1 [Schoettle, A. W.; Goodrich, B. A.; Klutsch, J. G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Burns, K. S.; Costello, S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Management, Lakewood, CO USA. [Sniezko, R. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Dorena Genet Resources Ctr, Cottage Grove, OR USA. [Connor, J.] USDI Pk Serv, Estes Pk, CO USA. RP Schoettle, AW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 323 EP 334 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300055 ER PT S AU Keane, RE AF Keane, Robert E. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Restoration of Whitebark Pine Forests in the Northern Rocky Mountains, USA SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn ID CLARK NUTCRACKER; BLISTER RUST; DISPERSAL; ALBICAULIS; FIRE AB Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) has been declining across much of its range in North America because of the combined effects of mountain pine beetle epidemics, fire exclusion policies, and widespread exotic blister rust infections. Whitebark pine seed is dispersed by a bird, the Clark's nutcracker, which caches seed in open, pattern-rich landscapes created by fire. This study was initiated in 1993 to investigate the effects of various restoration treatments on tree populations, fuel dynamics, and vascular plant cover on five sites in the U.S. northern Rocky Mountains. The objective of this study was to restore whitebark pine ecosystems using treatments that emulate the native fire regime primarily combinations of prescribed fire, silvicultural cuttings, and fuel enhancement cuttings. The main effects assessed included tree mortality, fuel consumption, and vegetation response measured just prior to the treatment, 1 year after the treatment(s), and 5 years post-treatment. We found that, while all treatments that included prescribed fire created suitable nutcracker caching habitat with many birds observed caching seed in the burned areas, there has yet to be significant regeneration in whitebark pine. All burn treatments resulted in high mortality in both whitebark pine and subalpine fir (>40 percent). Fine woody fuel loadings marginally decreased after fire but coarse woody debris more than doubled because of falling snags. Vascular species decreased in cover by 20 to 80percent and remained low for five years. While the treatments were successful in creating conditions that favor whitebark pine regeneration, the high level of blister rust mortality in surrounding seed sources has reduced available seed which then forced the nutcracker to reclaim most of the cached seed. Manual planting of whitebark pine seedlings is required to adequately restore these sites. A set of management guidelines is presented to guide restoration efforts. C1 [Keane, Robert E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Keane, RE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 338 EP 347 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300057 ER PT S AU Scott, GL McCaughey, WW Izlar, K AF Scott, Glenda L. McCaughey, Ward W. Izlar, Kay BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Guidelines for Whitebark Pine Planting Prescriptions SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn AB Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) is a keystone species in high-elevation ecosystems of the western United States. Unfortunately many fragile subalpine ecosystems are losing whitebark pine as a functional community component due to the combined effects of an introduced disease, insects and succession. Planting whitebark pine is one part of a multifaceted restoration strategy (Keane and Arno 2001). Once seedlings are established, they have the potential to be a long term seed source where existing trees have been lost. The practice of growing and planting whitebark pine is relatively new compared to traditional conifers, and with the high cost of cone collection and seedling production, survival is particularly important. This paper describes the planting guides created by Scott and McCaughey (2006) and further refined by McCaughey and others (2009). The planting guidelines should help increase survival making wise use of limited funds, and further the restoration of whitebark pine. C1 [Scott, Glenda L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Northern Reg, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [McCaughey, Ward W.; Izlar, Kay] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Anchorage Forestry Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. RP Scott, GL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Northern Reg, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 362 EP 364 PG 3 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300061 ER PT S AU Casper, AM Jacobi, WR Schoettle, AW Burns, KS AF Casper, Anne Marie Jacobi, William R. Schoettle, Anna W. Burns, Kelly S. BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI Restoration Planting Options for Limber Pines in the Southern Rocky Mountains SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn C1 [Casper, Anne Marie] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Jacobi, William R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Plant Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Schoettle, Anna W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Burns, Kelly S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Reg, Golden, CO USA. RP Casper, AM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 375 EP 375 PG 1 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300063 ER PT S AU Schoettle, AW Laskowski, M AF Schoettle, Anna W. Laskowski, Michele BE Keane, RE Tomback, DF Murray, MP Smith, CM TI High Elevation White Pines Educational Website SO FUTURE OF HIGH-ELEVATION, FIVE-NEEDLE WHITE PINES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGH FIVE SYMPOSIUM, 2010 SE USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT High 5 Symposium on the Future of High-Elevation, 5-Needle White Pines in Western North America CY JUN 28-30, 2010 CL Missoula, MT SP Crater Lake Inst, Crater Lake Natl Hist Assoc, Greater Yellowstone Pk Inventory & Monitor Network, Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Defense Council, Pk Canada, Rocky Mt Cooperat Ecosystem Studies Unit, Sierra Nevada Inventory & Monitor Network, Nat Conservancy, Upper Columbia Basin Inventory & Monitor Network, Univ Montana Coll Forestry & Conservat, US Forest Serv, No Region, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn C1 [Schoettle, Anna W.; Laskowski, Michele] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Schoettle, AW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA SN 1945-0672 J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2011 VL 63 BP 376 EP 376 PG 1 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BG8OL UT WOS:000392553300064 ER PT B AU Jia, YL AF Jia, Yulin BE Gu, W Wang, Y TI Gene Discovery of Crop Disease in the Postgenome Era SO GENE DISCOVERY FOR DISEASE MODELS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RICE BLAST RESISTANCE; INBRED LINE POPULATION; MAP-BASED CLONING; PI-TA; MAGNAPORTHE-GRISEA; AVIRULENCE GENE; III EFFECTOR; CONFERRING RESISTANCE; PHYSICAL INTERACTION; MEDIATED RESISTANCE C1 Univ Arkansas, USDA, ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. RP Jia, YL (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, USDA, ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO 19 8SQ, ENGLAND BN 978-0-470-93393-0; 978-0-470-49946-7 PY 2011 BP 425 EP 442 D2 10.1002/9780470933947 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA BA8DP UT WOS:000338011600021 ER PT B AU Zhang, S Yang, Y Thannhauser, TW AF Zhang, Sheng Yang, Yong Thannhauser, Theodore W. BE Gu, W Wang, Y TI Impact of Whole Genome Protein Analysis on Gene Discovery of Disease Models SO GENE DISCOVERY FOR DISEASE MODELS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER DISSOCIATION; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DIFFERENCE GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; INTEGRAL MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; CHROMATOGRAPHIC TIME-SCALE; POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; QUANTITATIVE PROTEOMICS; ABSOLUTE QUANTIFICATION; SHOTGUN PROTEOMICS C1 [Zhang, Sheng; Yang, Yong; Thannhauser, Theodore W.] Cornell Univ, Prote & Mass Spectrometry Core Facil, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA,ARS, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. RP Zhang, S (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Prote & Mass Spectrometry Core Facil, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA,ARS, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. NR 166 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO 19 8SQ, ENGLAND BN 978-0-470-93393-0; 978-0-470-49946-7 PY 2011 BP 471 EP 530 D2 10.1002/9780470933947 PG 60 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA BA8DP UT WOS:000338011600023 ER PT J AU Chen, F Zhang, FY Morris, CF Cui, DQ AF Chen, Feng Zhang, Fuyan Morris, Craig F. Cui, Dangqun BE Friedberg, F TI A Puroindoline Mutigene Family Exhibits Sequence Diversity in Wheat and is Associated with Yield-Related Traits SO GENE DUPLICATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GRAIN HARDNESS; BREAD WHEAT; MOLECULAR-GENETICS; TRITICUM; GENES; EXPRESSION; COMPONENTS; FRIABILIN; ALLELES; VARIANT C1 [Chen, Feng; Zhang, Fuyan; Cui, Dangqun] Henan Agr Univ, Dept Agron, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China. [Chen, Feng; Cui, Dangqun] Key Lab Physiol Ecol & Genet Improvement Food Cro, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China. [Morris, Craig F.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, F (reprint author), Henan Agr Univ, Dept Agron, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-387-3 PY 2011 BP 279 EP 288 D2 10.5772/888 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA BG1KT UT WOS:000386856600016 ER PT J AU Meza, JS Nirmala, X Zimowska, GJ Zepeda-Cisneros, CS Handler, AM AF Salvador Meza, J. Nirmala, Xavier Zimowska, Grazyna J. Silvia Zepeda-Cisneros, C. Handler, Alfred M. TI Development of transgenic strains for the biological control of the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens SO GENETICA LA English DT Article DE Anastrepha ludens; Tephritid fruit flies; Insect transgenesis; Vector stabilization; Sperm marker; Sterile insect technique ID STERILE INSECT TECHNIQUE; GERM-LINE TRANSFORMATION; TRANSPOSON VECTOR; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; DIPTERA; TEPHRITIDAE; PIGGYBAC; FITNESS; MARKER; SIT AB The Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens, is a highly significant agricultural pest species that has been genetically transformed with a piggyBac-based transposon vector system using independent vector and transposase helper plasmids. Minimum estimated germ-line transformation frequencies were approximately 13-21% per fertile G(0) individual, similar to previously reported frequencies using single vector-helper plasmids. Two vector constructs were tested with potential importance to transgenic strain development for mexfly biological control. The first allows post-integration stabilization of a transposon-vector by deletion of a terminal sequence necessary for mobilization. The complete pB[L1-EGFP-L2-DsRed-R1] vector was integrated into the Chiapas wild type strain with subsequent deletion of the L2-DsRed-R1 sub-vector carrying the piggyBac 3' terminal sequence. Quality control tests for three of the stabilization vector lines (previous to stabilization) assessed viability at all life stages, fertility, adult flight ability, and adult male sexual competitiveness. All three transgenic lines were less fit compared to the wild strain by approximately 5-10% in most tests, however, there was no significant difference in sexual competitiveness which is the major prerequisite for optimal strain release. The second vector, pB[XL-EGFP, As2-tub-DsRed.T3], has the DsRed.T3 fluorescent protein reporter gene regulated by the A. suspensa As2-tubulin promoter, that resulted in testis and sperm-specific DsRed fluorescence in transgenic male mexflies. Fluorescent sperm bundles were unambiguously observed in the spermathecae of non-transgenic females mated to transgenic males. One transgenic line apparently had a male-specific Y-chromosome insertion, having potential use for sexing by fluorescent-embryo sorting. All transgenic lines expressed easily detectable and stable fluorescence in adults allowing their identification after trapping in the field. C1 [Nirmala, Xavier; Zimowska, Grazyna J.; Handler, Alfred M.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Salvador Meza, J.; Silvia Zepeda-Cisneros, C.] DGSV SAGARPA, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico. RP Handler, AM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM al.handler@ars.usda.gov RI Meza Hernandez, Jose Salvador/B-6203-2015 FU International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) [MEX/5/027]; USDA-NIFA-Agriculture and Food Research Initiative; Campana Moscas de la Fruta (Mexican Fruit Fly Campaign) DGSV-SAGARPA FX Grateful appreciation is extended to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) for funding though the Technical Co-operation Project MEX/5/027. Additional support was provided by the USDA-NIFA-Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AMH) and the Campana Moscas de la Fruta (Mexican Fruit Fly Campaign) DGSV-SAGARPA. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-6707 J9 GENETICA JI Genetica PD JAN PY 2011 VL 139 IS 1 BP 53 EP 62 DI 10.1007/s10709-010-9484-6 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 712LD UT WOS:000286667400006 PM 20737195 ER PT J AU Schetelig, MF Gotschel, F Viktorinova, I Handler, AM Wimmer, EA AF Schetelig, Marc F. Goetschel, Frank Viktorinova, Ivana Handler, Alfred M. Wimmer, Ernst A. TI Recombination technologies for enhanced transgene stability in bioengineered insects SO GENETICA LA English DT Article DE FRT/Flp; phiC31 integrase; piggyBac; Site-specific recombination; Sterile Insect Technique; Insect pest management ID TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT MARINER; SITE-SPECIFIC RECOMBINATION; FLY CERATITIS-CAPITATA; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; MUSCA-DOMESTICA; FRUIT-FLY; GENETIC-TRANSFORMATION; PIGGYBAC ELEMENTS; HERMES; HOBO AB Transposon-based vectors currently provide the most suitable gene transfer systems for insect germ-line transformation and are used for molecular improvement of the Sterile Insect Technique. However, the long time stability of genome-integrated transposon constructs depends on the absence of transposase activity that could remobilize the transposon-embedded transgenes. To achieve transgene stability transposon vectors are usually non-autonomous, lacking a functional transposase gene, and chosen so that endogenous or related transposon activities are not present in the host. Nevertheless, the non-autonomous transposon-embedded transgenes could become unstable by the unintended presence of a mobilizing transposase that may have been undetected or subsequently entered the host species by horizontal gene transfer. Since the field release of transgenic insects will present environmental concerns relating to large populations and high mobility, it will be important to ensure that transgene constructs are stably integrated for maintaining strain integrity and eliminating the possibility for unintentional transfer into the genome of another organism. Here we review efficient methods to delete or rearrange terminal repeat sequences of transposons necessary for their mobility, subsequent to their initial genomic integration. These procedures should prevent transposase-mediated remobilization of the transgenes, ensuring their genomic stability. C1 [Wimmer, Ernst A.] Univ Gottingen, GZMB, Dept Dev Biol, Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Inst Zool & Anthropol, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Viktorinova, Ivana] Max Planck Inst Mol Cell Biol & Genet, D-01307 Dresden, Germany. [Goetschel, Frank] German Canc Res Ctr, Div Mol Genome Anal, Heidelberg, Germany. [Schetelig, Marc F.; Handler, Alfred M.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Wimmer, EA (reprint author), Univ Gottingen, GZMB, Dept Dev Biol, Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Inst Zool & Anthropol, Justus von Liebig Weg 11, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. EM ewimmer@gwdg.de FU Robert Bosch Foundation; Fonds der Chemischen Industrie; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung; European Molecular Biology Organization; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural and Food Research Initiative; International Atomic Energy Agency FX Cited research from our labs has been supported by the Robert Bosch Foundation (EAW) within the program 'International Research into the Development of Sustainable Agriculture and Forestry', the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie (EAW), the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (EAW), the European Molecular Biology Organization Young Investigator Programme (EAW), and United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural and Food Research Initiative (AMH). For many of the ideas presented here, we are indebted to informative discussions with expert colleagues, especially at the International Atomic Energy Agency funded meetings of the Coordinated Research Projects "The Use of Molecular Tools to Improve the Effectiveness of SIT" and "Development and Evaluation of Improved Strains of Insect Pests for SIT". NR 52 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-6707 J9 GENETICA JI Genetica PD JAN PY 2011 VL 139 IS 1 BP 71 EP 78 DI 10.1007/s10709-010-9494-4 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 712LD UT WOS:000286667400008 PM 20844938 ER PT J AU Raphael, KA Shearman, DCA Streamer, K Morrow, JL Handler, AM Frommer, M AF Raphael, K. A. Shearman, D. C. A. Streamer, K. Morrow, J. L. Handler, A. M. Frommer, M. TI Germ-line transformation of the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni, using a piggyBac vector in the presence of endogenous piggyBac elements SO GENETICA LA English DT Article DE Bactrocera tryoni; Transformation; piggyBac ID DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; TRANSPOSON VECTOR; GENE; TRANSGENESIS; TEPHRITIDAE; SEQUENCES; DIPTERA; MARKER; GENOME; FAMILY AB We report the heritable germ-line transformation of the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni, using a piggyBac vector marked with either the fluorescent protein DsRed or EGFP. A transformation frequency of 5-10% was obtained. Inheritance of the transgenes has remained stable over more than 15 generations despite the presence of endogenous piggyBac sequences in the B. tryoni genome. The sequence of insertion sites shows the usual canonical pattern of piggyBac integraton into TTAA target sites. An investigation of endogenous piggyBac elements in the B. tryoni genome reveals the presence of sequences almost identical to those reported recently for the B. dorsalis complex of fruit flies and two noctuid moths, suggesting a common origin of piggyBac sequences in these species. The availability of transformation protocols for B. tryoni has the potential to deliver improvements in the performance of the Sterile Insect Technique for this pest species. C1 [Raphael, K. A.; Shearman, D. C. A.; Streamer, K.; Morrow, J. L.; Frommer, M.] Univ Sydney, Sch Biol Sci, Fruit Fly Res Labs, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Handler, A. M.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Raphael, KA (reprint author), Univ NSW, Evolut & Ecol Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM k.raphael@unsw.edu.au FU Australian Research Council [LP0667914]; Victorian Department of Primary Industries; Department of Primary Industry and Resources of South Australia; Griffith City Council; Riverina Citrus and Cobar Shire Council FX We thank Stuart Gilchrist and Alfie Meats for assistance and advice on fly rearing, and Prof. Steve Simpson for use of the Leica MZ FLIII stereomicroscope. This research was supported by an Australian Research Council Linkage grant LP0667914, with support from the Victorian Department of Primary Industries, the Department of Primary Industry and Resources of South Australia, Griffith City Council, Riverina Citrus and Cobar Shire Council. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-6707 J9 GENETICA JI Genetica PD JAN PY 2011 VL 139 IS 1 BP 91 EP 97 DI 10.1007/s10709-010-9500-x PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 712LD UT WOS:000286667400010 PM 20859652 ER PT B AU Quiros, CF Farnham, MW AF Quiros, Carlos F. Farnham, Mark W. BE Schmidt, R Bancroft, I TI The Genetics of Brassica oleracea SO GENETICS AND GENOMICS OF THE BRASSICACEAE SE Plant Genetics and Genomics Crops and Models LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Broccoli; Breeding; Cabbage; Cauliflower; Cole crops; Glucosinolates ID DOWNY MILDEW RESISTANCE; CLUBROOT PLASMODIOPHORA-BRASSICAE; BETA-CAROTENE ACCUMULATION; CHROMOSOME ADDITION LINES; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; ADULT-PLANT RESISTANCE; VAR CAPITATA L; ANTHER CULTURE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; VAR ITALICA AB Brassica oleracea is one of the most important species of the Brassicaceae family because the species includes some of the most economically important vegetables in the world. Common heading cabbage and cauliflower are the most widely grown crops of this species, but broccoli is also now emerging rapidly as a world vegetable. The wide center of origin for this species is the Mediterranean Basin, and primitive forebears of our modern B. oleracea crop forms have been cultivated and selected for several millennia. Undoubtedly, the diverse array of wild forms found in this species and other very closely related species played very important roles in stimulating the occurrence of morphological variation within and among the B. oleracea crops as they underwent development. In the years following the rediscovery of Mendel's work, many scientists studied the underlying genetic factors controlling the divergent morphologies within the species. This was of interest not only from a basic scientific standpoint, but also due to the practical necessity of understanding the complex sets of genes that combine and give rise to a specific crop form like heading cabbage or cauliflower. This knowledge is crucial in moving genes between crops in the process of breeding improved varieties. Secondary plant metabolites have emerged as key components of crops within this species because they appear to contribute added-value to the various crops by conferring intrinsic healthful effects on populations that consume these vegetables. Among the various components believed to confer a chemoprotective effect in B. oleracea, glucosinolates, and isothiocyanates have received the most attention in recent years and are considered in detail herein. The study of B. oleracea genetics has been greatly advanced during the modern era of gene study at the molecular level. Although the species has presented challenges, scientists focused on these crops are now mapping genes to specific chromosomes and the genome is well on its way to being sequenced. As knowledge advances at the molecular level, a fuller understanding of gene sequences and there relations to morphology, disease resistance, phytochemical make-up, and other important traits are being realized in B. oleracea. C1 [Quiros, Carlos F.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Farnham, Mark W.] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Quiros, CF (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM cfquiros@ucdavis.edu; mark.farnham@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 159 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4419-7117-3 J9 PLANT GENET GENOMICS JI Plant Genet. Genom. Crops. Mod. PY 2011 VL 9 BP 261 EP 289 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7118-0_9 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-7118-0 PG 29 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BSV27 UT WOS:000285912000009 ER PT J AU Naeem, R Dahleen, L Mirza, B AF Naeem, Rehan Dahleen, Lynn Mirza, Bushra TI Genetic differentiation and geographical Relationship of Asian barley landraces using SSRs SO GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cluster analysis; genetic diversity; geographical differentiation; Hordeum vulgare; principal component analysis ID SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEATS; HORDEUM-VULGARE; CULTIVATED BARLEY; FERTILE CRESCENT; DIVERSITY; MARKERS; ORIGIN; DOMESTICATION; POPULATIONS AB Genetic diversity in 403 morphologically distinct landraces of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare) originating from seven geographical zones of Asia was studied using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from regions of medium to high recombination in the barley genome. The seven polymorphic SSR markers representing each of the chromosomes chosen for the study revealed a high level of allelic diversity among the landraces. Genetic richness was highest in those from India, followed by Pakistan while it was lowest for Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. Out of the 50 alleles detected, 15 were unique to a geographic region. Genetic diversity was highest for landraces from Pakistan (0.70 +/- 0.06) and lowest for those from Uzbekistan (0.18 +/- 0.17). Likewise, polymorphic information content (PIC) was highest for Pakistan (0.67 +/- 0.06) and lowest for Uzbekistan (0.15 +/- 0.17). Diversity among groups was 40% compared to 60% within groups. Principal component analysis clustered the barley landraces into three groups to predict their domestication patterns. In total 51.58% of the variation was explained by the first two principal components of the barley germplasm. Pakistan landraces were clustered separately from those of India, Iran, Nepal and Iraq, whereas those from Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan were clustered together into a separate group. C1 [Dahleen, Lynn] USDA ARS, NCSL, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Naeem, Rehan; Mirza, Bushra] Quaid I Azam Univ, Dept Biochem, Fac Biol Sci, Islamabad, Pakistan. RP Dahleen, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, NCSL, Cereal Crops Res Unit, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM lynn.dahleen@ars.usda.gov RI Mirza, Bushra/I-8013-2015 NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU SOC BRASIL GENETICA PI RIBEIRAO PRET PA RUA CAP ADELMIO NORBET DA SILVA, 736, ALTO DA BOA VISTA, 14025-670 RIBEIRAO PRET, BRAZIL SN 1415-4757 J9 GENET MOL BIOL JI Genet. Mol. Biol. PY 2011 VL 34 IS 2 BP 268 EP U230 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 767OG UT WOS:000290865300017 PM 21734828 ER PT J AU Geha, MJ Keown, JF Van Vleck, LD AF Geha, Makram J. Keown, Jeffrey F. Van Vleck, L. Dale TI Cubic-spline interpolation to estimate effects of inbreeding on milk yield in first lactation Holstein cows SO GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Akaike's information criterion; cubic-spline interpolation; inbreeding; milk yield ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; DAIRY-CATTLE; MODEL AB Milk yield records (305d, 2X, actual milk yield) of 123,639 registered first lactation Holstein cows were used to compare linear regression (y = beta(0) + beta X-1 + e), quadratic regression, (y = beta(0) + beta X-1 + beta X-2(2) + e) cubic regression (y = beta(0) + beta X-1 + beta X-2(2) + beta X-3(3) + e) and fixed factor models, with cubic-spline interpolation models, for estimating the effects of inbreeding on milk yield. Ten animal models, all with herd-year-season of calving as fixed effect, were compared using the Akaike corrected-Information Criterion (AICc). The cubic-spline interpolation model with seven knots had the lowest AICc, whereas for all those labeled as "traditional", AICc was higher than the best model. Results from fitting inbreeding using a cubic-spline with seven knots were compared to results from fitting inbreeding as a linear covariate or as a fixed factor with seven levels. Estimates of inbreeding effects were not significantly different between the cubic-spline model and the fixed factor model, but were significantly different from the linear regression model. Milk yield decreased significantly at inbreeding levels greater than 9%. Variance component estimates were similar for the three models. Ranking of the top 100 sires with daughter records remained unaffected by the model used. C1 [Geha, Makram J.; Keown, Jeffrey F.; Van Vleck, L. Dale] Univ Nebraska, Dept Anim Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Van Vleck, L. Dale] ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, USDA, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Geha, MJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Anim Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM mjgeha@huskers.unl.edu FU University of Nebraska Agricultural Research Division; Hatch Act, USDA FX This manuscript is a contribution of the University of Nebraska Agricultural Research Division, supported in part by funds provided through the Hatch Act, USDA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC BRASIL GENETICA PI RIBEIRAO PRET PA RUA CAP ADELMIO NORBET DA SILVA, 736, ALTO DA BOA VISTA, 14025-670 RIBEIRAO PRET, BRAZIL SN 1415-4757 J9 GENET MOL BIOL JI Genet. Mol. Biol. PY 2011 VL 34 IS 3 BP 443 EP 450 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 808HI UT WOS:000293968100013 PM 21931517 ER PT J AU Lunney, JK Eguchi-Ogawa, T Uenishi, H Wertz, N Butler, JE AF Lunney, Joan K. Eguchi-Ogawa, Tomoko Uenishi, Hirohide Wertz, Nancy Butler, John E. BE Rothschild, MF Ruvinsky, A TI Immunogenetics SO GENETICS OF THE PIG, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; ANTIBODY REPERTOIRE DEVELOPMENT; TOLL-LIKE-RECEPTORS; CLASS-I GENES; CUTANEOUS MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; OUTBRED PIG-POPULATIONS; V-H GENES; ATROPHIC RHINITIS VACCINES; PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS TYPE-2 C1 [Lunney, Joan K.] ARS, USDA, BARC, Anim Parasit Dis Lab,ANRI, E Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Eguchi-Ogawa, Tomoko; Uenishi, Hirohide] Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Wertz, Nancy; Butler, John E.] Univ Iowa, Dept Microbiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Wertz, Nancy] Univ Iowa, Iowa Interdisciplinary Immunol Program, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Lunney, JK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, BARC, Anim Parasit Dis Lab,ANRI, Bldg 1040,Room 103, E Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 181 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-756-0 PY 2011 BP 101 EP 133 DI 10.1079/9781845937560.0101 D2 10.1079/9781845937560.0000 PG 33 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA BWD90 UT WOS:000293691800007 ER PT J AU Woody, JL Severin, AJ Bolon, YT Joseph, B Diers, BW Farmer, AD Weeks, N Muehlbauer, GJ Nelson, RT Grant, D Specht, JE Graham, MA Cannon, SB May, GD Vance, CP Shoemaker, RC AF Woody, Jenna L. Severin, Andrew J. Bolon, Yung-Tsi Joseph, Bindu Diers, Brian W. Farmer, Andrew D. Weeks, Nathan Muehlbauer, Gary J. Nelson, Rex T. Grant, David Specht, James E. Graham, Michelle A. Cannon, Steven B. May, Gregory D. Vance, Carroll P. Shoemaker, Randy C. TI Gene expression patterns are correlated with genomic and genic structure in soybean SO GENOME LA English DT Article ID HUMAN HOUSEKEEPING GENES; GLYCINE-MAX; CODON USAGE; GC CONTENT; RNA-SEQ; SELECTION; COMPACT; TRANSCRIPTOME; COMPLEXITY; ECONOMY AB Studies have indicated that exon and intron size and intergenic distance are correlated with gene expression levels and expression breadth. Previous reports on these correlations in plants and animals have been conflicting. In this study, next-generation sequence data, which has been shown to be more sensitive than previous expression profiling technologies, were generated and analyzed from 14 tissues. Our results revealed a novel dichotomy. At the low expression level, an increase in expression breadth correlated with an increase in transcript size because of an increase in the number of exons and introns. No significant changes in intron or exon sizes were noted. Conversely, genes expressed at the intermediate to high expression levels displayed a decrease in transcript size as their expression breadth increased. This was due to smaller exons, with no significant change in the number of exons. Taking advantage of the known gene space of soybean, we evaluated the positioning of genes and found significant clustering of similarly expressed genes. Identifying the correlations between the physical parameters of individual genes could lead to uncovering the role of regulation owing to nucleotide composition, which might have potential impacts in discerning the role of the noncoding regions. C1 [Woody, Jenna L.; Severin, Andrew J.; Joseph, Bindu] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Bolon, Yung-Tsi; Vance, Carroll P.] ARS, USDA, Plant Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Diers, Brian W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Farmer, Andrew D.; May, Gregory D.] Natl Ctr Genome Resources, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. [Weeks, Nathan; Nelson, Rex T.; Grant, David; Graham, Michelle A.; Cannon, Steven B.; Shoemaker, Randy C.] ARS, USDA, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Muehlbauer, Gary J.; Vance, Carroll P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Specht, James E.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Woody, JL (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jlwoodyis@gmail.com RI Graham, Michelle/C-7144-2013; OI Grant, David/0000-0002-4611-6848 NR 31 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 14 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD JAN PY 2011 VL 54 IS 1 BP 10 EP 18 DI 10.1139/G10-090 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 709YC UT WOS:000286476300002 PM 21217801 ER PT J AU Xu, SS Chu, CG Harris, MO Williams, CE AF Xu, S. S. Chu, C. G. Harris, M. O. Williams, C. E. TI Comparative analysis of genetic background in eight near-isogenic wheat lines with different H genes conferring resistance to Hessian fly SO GENOME LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; SIMILARITY COEFFICIENTS; GERMPLASM LINES; REGION; DIPTERA; LARVAE; POLYMORPHISM; RECOGNITION AB Near-isogenic lines (NILs) are useful for plant genetic and genomic studies. However, the strength of conclusions from such studies depends on the similarity of the NILs' genetic backgrounds. In this study, we investigated the genetic similarity for a set of NILs developed in the 1990s to study gene-for-gene interactions between wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and the Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor (Say)), an important pest of wheat. Each of the eight NILs carries a single H resistance gene and was created by successive backcrossing for two to six generations to susceptible T. aestivum 'Newton'. We generated 256 target region amplification polymorphism (TRAP) markers and used them to calculate genetic similarity, expressed by the Nei and Li (NL) coefficient. Six of the NILs (H3, H5, H6, H9, H11, and H13) had the highly uniform genetic background of Newton, with NL coefficients from 0.97 to 0.99. However, genotypes with H10 or H12 were less similar to Newton, with NL coefficients of 0.86 and 0.93, respectively. Cluster analysis based on NL coefficients and pedigree analysis showed that the genetic similarity between each of the NILs and Newton was affected by both the number of backcrosses and the genetic similarity between Newton and the H gene donors. We thus generated an equation to predict the number of required backcrosses, given varying similarity of donor and recurrent parent. We also investigated whether the genetic residues of the donor parents that remained in the NILs were related to linkage drag. By using a complete set of 'Chinese Spring' nullisomic-tetrasomic lines, one third of the TRAP markers that showed polymorphism between the NILs and Newton were assigned to a specific chromosome. All of the assigned markers were located on chromosomes other than the chromosome carrying the H gene, suggesting that the genetic residues detected in this study were not due to linkage drag. Results will aid in the development and use of near-isogenic lines for studies of the functional genomics of wheat. C1 [Xu, S. S.] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Chu, C. G.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Harris, M. O.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Williams, C. E.] ARS, USDA, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Xu, SS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM steven.xu@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5442-22000-033-00D] FX We thank Drs. Xiwen Cai and Chao-chien Jan for critically reviewing the manuscript. This research was supported by the USDA-ARS CRIS Project No. 5442-22000-033-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 46 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD JAN PY 2011 VL 54 IS 1 BP 81 EP 89 DI 10.1139/G10-095 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 709YC UT WOS:000286476300009 PM 21217808 ER PT J AU Hane, JK Rouxel, T Howlett, BJ Kema, GHJ Goodwin, SB Oliver, RP AF Hane, James K. Rouxel, Thierry Howlett, Barbara J. Kema, Gert H. J. Goodwin, Stephen B. Oliver, Richard P. TI A novel mode of chromosomal evolution peculiar to filamentous Ascomycete fungi SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PATHOGEN STAGONOSPORA-NODORUM; GENOME SEQUENCE; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; NEUROSPORA-CRASSA; GENE-TRANSFER; WHEAT; PHYLOGENY; SYNTENY; CONSERVATION; ORGANIZATION AB Background: Gene loss, inversions, translocations, and other chromosomal rearrangements vary among species, resulting in different rates of structural genome evolution. Major chromosomal rearrangements are rare in most eukaryotes, giving large regions with the same genes in the same order and orientation across species. These regions of macrosynteny have been very useful for locating homologous genes in different species and to guide the assembly of genome sequences. Previous analyses in the fungi have indicated that macrosynteny is rare; instead, comparisons across species show no synteny or only microsyntenic regions encompassing usually five or fewer genes. To test the hypothesis that chromosomal evolution is different in the fungi compared to other eukaryotes, synteny was compared between species of the major fungal taxa. Results: These analyses identified a novel form of evolution in which genes are conserved within homologous chromosomes, but with randomized orders and orientations. This mode of evolution is designated mesosynteny, to differentiate it from micro-and macrosynteny seen in other organisms. Mesosynteny is an alternative evolutionary pathway very different from macrosyntenic conservation. Surprisingly, mesosynteny was not found in all fungal groups. Instead, mesosynteny appears to be restricted to filamentous Ascomycetes and was most striking between species in the Dothideomycetes. Conclusions: The existence of mesosynteny between relatively distantly related Ascomycetes could be explained by a high frequency of chromosomal inversions, but translocations must be extremely rare. The mechanism for this phenomenon is not known, but presumably involves generation of frequent inversions during meiosis. C1 [Oliver, Richard P.] Curtin Univ, Australian Ctr Necrotroph Fungal Pathogens, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Hane, James K.] CSIRO Plant Ind, Ctr Environm & Life Sci, Perth, WA 6193, Australia. [Hane, James K.] Murdoch Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Perth, WA 6150, Australia. [Rouxel, Thierry] INRA Bioger, F-78850 Thiverval Grignon, France. [Howlett, Barbara J.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Bot, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Kema, Gert H. J.] Wageningen UR, Plant Res Int, Dept Biointeract & Plant Hlth, NL-6700 AB Wageningen, Netherlands. [Goodwin, Stephen B.] Purdue Univ, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Oliver, RP (reprint author), Curtin Univ, Australian Ctr Necrotroph Fungal Pathogens, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. EM richard.oliver@curtin.edu.au RI Hane, James/A-7062-2011; OI Hane, James/0000-0002-7651-0977; Goodwin, Stephen/0000-0001-5708-9729 NR 53 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 11 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1474-7596 J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2011 VL 12 IS 5 AR R45 DI 10.1186/gb-2011-12-5-r45 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 831LR UT WOS:000295732700009 PM 21605470 ER PT J AU Castagnone-Sereno, P Skantar, A Robertson, L AF Castagnone-Sereno, Philippe Skantar, Andrea Robertson, Lee BE Jones, J Gheysen, G Fenoll, C TI Molecular Tools for Diagnostics SO GENOMICS AND MOLECULAR GENETICS OF PLANT-NEMATODE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES; REAL-TIME PCR; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES; FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; SOYBEAN CYST-NEMATODE; BURSAPHELENCHUS-XYLOPHILUS NEMATODA; SPECIES-SPECIFIC IDENTIFICATION; SATELLITE DNA FAMILY; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA C1 [Castagnone-Sereno, Philippe] INRA UMR1301 UNSA CNRS UMR6243, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France. [Skantar, Andrea] USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Robertson, Lee] CSIC, Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, Dpto Biodiversidad & Biol Evolut, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. RP Castagnone-Sereno, P (reprint author), INRA UMR1301 UNSA CNRS UMR6243, 400 Route Chappes,BP167, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France. EM philippe.castagnone@sophia.inra.fr; andrea.skantar@ars.usda.gov; lee.r@mncn.csic.es OI ROBERTSON, LEE/0000-0002-4628-5596 NR 137 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-94-007-0433-6 PY 2011 BP 443 EP 464 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-0434-3_21 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-0434-3 PG 22 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BDE33 UT WOS:000312939300023 ER PT J AU Ambrosia, VG Wegener, S Zajkowski, T Sullivan, DV Buechel, S Enomoto, F Lobitz, B Johan, S Brass, J Hinkley, E AF Ambrosia, V. G. Wegener, S. Zajkowski, T. Sullivan, D. V. Buechel, S. Enomoto, F. Lobitz, B. Johan, S. Brass, J. Hinkley, E. TI The Ikhana unmanned airborne system (UAS) western states fire imaging missions: from concept to reality (2006-2010) SO GEOCARTO INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE UAS/UAV; Ikhana; wildfire; CDE; thermal-infrared AB Between 2006 and 2010, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the US Forest Service flew 14 unmanned airborne system (UAS) sensor missions, over 57 fires in the western US. The missions demonstrated the capabilities of a UAS platform (NASA Ikhana UAS), a multispectral sensor (autonomous modular sensor (AMS)), onboard processing and data visualization (Wildfire Collaborative Decision Environment (W-CDE)), to provide fire intelligence to management teams. Autonomous, on-board processing of the AMS sensor data allowed real-time fire product delivery to incident management teams on the wildfire events. The fire products included geo-rectified, colour-composite quick-look imagery, fire detection shape files, post-fire real-time normalized burn ratio imagery and burn area emergency response (BAER) imagery. The W-CDE was developed to allow the ingestion and visualization of AMS data and other pertinent fire-related information layers. This article highlights the technologies developed and employed, the UAS wildfire imaging missions performed and the outcomes and findings of the multi-year efforts. C1 [Ambrosia, V. G.; Lobitz, B.] Calif State Univ, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Wegener, S.; Buechel, S.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Bay Area Environm Res Inst BAERI, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Zajkowski, T.] RedCastle Resources Inc, US Forest Serv, Remote Sensing Applicat Ctr RSAC, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Sullivan, D. V.; Enomoto, F.; Johan, S.; Brass, J.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Hinkley, E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Ambrosia, VG (reprint author), Calif State Univ, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. EM vincent.g.ambrosia@nasa.gov FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [REASoN-0109-0172, NNX09AW28A] FX The authors acknowledge the support of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through grants (REASoN-0109-0172 and ARRA grant No. NNX09AW28A) awarded to support this work. They are also grateful for the support of: S. Ambrose (NASA), T. Fryberger (NASA), B. Cobleigh (NASA), T. Rigney (NASA), M. Rivas (NASA), G. Buoni (NASA), K. Howell, J. Myers (UCSC), T. Hildum (UCSC), M. Cooper (GA-ASI) and S. Schoenung (BAERI). They also acknowledge the wildfire management community members who engaged them in defining observation criteria and metrics that allowed the authors to help improve their wildfire/disaster mitigation capabilities. NR 19 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 29 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1010-6049 J9 GEOCARTO INT JI Geocarto Int. PY 2011 VL 26 IS 2 SI SI BP 85 EP 101 DI 10.1080/10106049.2010.539302 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA V27RT UT WOS:000208631000003 ER PT J AU Hinkley, EA Zajkowski, T AF Hinkley, Everett Alan Zajkowski, Thomas TI USDA forest service-NASA: unmanned aerial systems demonstrations - pushing the leading edge in fire mapping SO GEOCARTO INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE unmanned; fire; UAV; UAS AB A collaborative partnership between NASA and the US Forest Service has been used to facilitate and demonstrate evolved and evolving technologies for increasing the information content and timeliness of thermal image data collected for wildfires. The outcomes of this collaborative effort are creation of improved tools for Wildfire Decision Support Systems within the US Forest Service and the other fire mitigation and management agencies. The focus of this article will be on recent work using unmanned airborne systems as a sensor platform. C1 [Hinkley, Everett Alan] US Forest Serv, Geospatial Management Off, USDA, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. [Zajkowski, Thomas] US Forest Serv, Remote Sensing Applicat Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA. RP Hinkley, EA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Geospatial Management Off, USDA, 1601 N Kent St, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. EM ehinkley@fs.fed.us NR 7 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1010-6049 J9 GEOCARTO INT JI Geocarto Int. PY 2011 VL 26 IS 2 SI SI BP 103 EP 111 DI 10.1080/10106049.2011.555823 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA V27RT UT WOS:000208631000004 ER PT J AU Laliberte, AS Winters, C Rango, A AF Laliberte, Andrea S. Winters, Craig Rango, Albert TI UAS remote sensing missions for rangeland applications SO GEOCARTO INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE unmanned aircraft system; UAS; digital camera; photogrammetry; rangelands AB Rangelands cover about 50% of the earth's land surface, are in remote areas and have low population densities, all of which provide an ideal opportunity for remote sensing applications from unmanned aircraft systems (UAS). In this article, we describe a proven workflow for UAS-based remote sensing, and discuss geometric errors of image mosaics and classification accuracies at different levels of detail. We report on several UAS missions over rangelands in Idaho and New Mexico, USA, where we acquired 6-8 cm resolution aerial photography and concurrent field measurements. The geometric accuracies of the image mosaics were in the 1-2 m range, and overall classification accuracies for vegetation maps ranged from 78-92%. Despite current FAA regulations that restrict UAS operations to distances within line-of-sight of the UAS, our results show that UAS are a viable platform for obtaining very high-resolution remote sensing products for applied vegetation mapping of rangelands. C1 [Laliberte, Andrea S.] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Winters, Craig; Rango, Albert] ARS, USDA, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Laliberte, AS (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM alaliber@nmsu.edu FU USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS); Bureau of Land Management; USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service FX Funding for this study was provided by the USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS), by the Bureau of Land Management as part of their National Assessment, Inventory, and Monitoring Strategy - Owyhee Uplands Pilot Project, and by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service in support of the Conservation Effects Assessment Project. NR 40 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1010-6049 EI 1752-0762 J9 GEOCARTO INT JI Geocarto Int. PY 2011 VL 26 IS 2 SI SI BP 141 EP 156 DI 10.1080/10106049.2010.534557 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA V27RT UT WOS:000208631000007 ER PT J AU Fletcher, RS Everitt, JH Yang, CH AF Fletcher, Reginald S. Everitt, James H. Yang, Chenghai TI Identifying saltcedar with hyperspectral data and support vector machines SO GEOCARTO INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE support vector machine; hyperspectral; saltcedar; Tamarix spp AB Saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) are a group of dense phreatophytic shrubs and trees that are invasive to riparian areas throughout the United States. This study determined the feasibility of using hyperspectral data and a support vector machine (SVM) classifier to discriminate saltcedar from other cover types in west Texas. Spectral measurements were collected with a ground-based hyperspectral spectroradiometer (spectral range 350-2500 nm) in December 2008 and April 2009. Spectral data consisting of 1698 spectral bands (400-1349, 1441-1789, 1991-2359 nm) were subjected to a support vector machine classification to differentiate saltcedar from other vegetative and non-vegetative classes. For both dates, a linear kernel model with a C value (error penalty) of 100 was found optimum for separating saltcedar from the other classes. It identified saltcedar with accuracies ranging from 95% to 100%. Findings support further exploration of hyperspectral remote sensing technology and SVM classifiers for differentiating saltcedar from other cover types. C1 [Fletcher, Reginald S.; Everitt, James H.; Yang, Chenghai] ARS, Dept Agr, USDA, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Fletcher, RS (reprint author), ARS, Dept Agr, USDA, 2413 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM reginald.fletcher@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1010-6049 J9 GEOCARTO INT JI Geocarto Int. PY 2011 VL 26 IS 3 BP 195 EP 209 DI 10.1080/10106049.2010.551669 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA V27RU UT WOS:000208631100004 ER PT J AU Everitt, JH Yang, C Summy, KR Owens, CS Glomski, LM Smart, RM AF Everitt, J. H. Yang, C. Summy, K. R. Owens, C. S. Glomski, L. M. Smart, R. M. TI Using in situ hyperspectral reflectance data to distinguish nine aquatic plant species SO GEOCARTO INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE hyperspectral reflectance; spectral signature; multiple comparison range test; stepwise discriminant analysis; Eichhornia crassipes; Nelumbo lutea; Nuphar lutea; Nymphaea mexicana; Nymphaea odorata; Pistia stratiotes; Potamogeton nodusus; Salvinia molesta; Spirodela polyrrhiza AB In situ hyperspectral reflectance data were studied at 50 bands (10 nm bandwidth) over the 400-900 nm spectral range to determine their potential for distinguishing among nine aquatic plant species: American lotus [Nelumbo lutea (Willd.) Pers.], American pondweed (Potamogeton nodusus Poir.), giant duckweed [Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) Schleid.], Mexican waterlily (Nymphaea mexicana Zucc.), white waterlily (Nymphaea odorata Aiton), spatterdock [Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm.], giant salvinia (Salvinia molesta Mitchell), waterhyacinth [Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms] and waterlettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.). The species were studied on three dates: 30 May, 1 July and 3 August 2009. All nine species were studied in July and August, while only eight species were studied in May; giant duckweed was not studied in May due to insufficient availability. Two procedures were used to determine the optimum bands for discriminating among species: multiple comparison range tests and stepwise discriminant analysis. Multiple comparison range tests results for May showed that most separations among species occurred at bands 795-865 nm in the near-infrared (NIR) spectral region where up to six species could be distinguished. For July, few species could be distinguished among the 50 bands; most separations occurred at the 715 nm red-NIR edge band where four species could be differentiated. The optimum bands in August occurred in the green (525-595 nm), red (605-635 nm) and red-NIR edge (695-705 nm) spectral regions where up to six species could be distinguished. Stepwise discriminant analysis identified 11 bands in the blue, green, red-NIR edge and NIR spectral regions to be significant to discriminate among the eight species in May. For July and August, stepwise discriminant analysis identified 15 bands and 13 bands, respectively, from the blue to NIR regions to be significant for discriminating among the nine species. C1 [Everitt, J. H.; Yang, C.] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Summy, K. R.] Univ Texas Pan Amer, Dept Biol, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. [Owens, C. S.; Glomski, L. M.; Smart, R. M.] USA, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. RP Everitt, JH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2413 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM james.everitt@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1010-6049 J9 GEOCARTO INT JI Geocarto Int. PY 2011 VL 26 IS 6 BP 459 EP 473 DI 10.1080/10106049.2011.591944 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA V27SA UT WOS:000208631700004 ER PT J AU Fletcher, R Everitt, JH Yang, CH AF Fletcher, Reginald Everitt, James Herbert Yang, Chenghai TI Employing airborne multispectral digital imagery to map Brazilian pepper infestation in South Texas SO GEOCARTO INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Brazilian pepper; aerial imagery; multispectral; invasive plants AB A study was conducted in south Texas to determine the feasibility of using airborne multispectral digital imagery for differentiating the invasive plant Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius) from other cover types. Imagery obtained in the visible, near-infrared, and mid-infrared regions of the light spectrum and a supervised classification approach were employed to develop thematic maps of two areas infested with Brazilian pepper. Map accuracies ranged from 84.2 to 100% for the Brazilian pepper class. Findings support using airborne multispectral digital imagery as a tool for separating Brazilian pepper from associated land cover types and further encourage exploration of airborne multispectral digital imagery and image processing techniques for developing maps of Brazilian pepper infestation in Texas and abroad. C1 [Fletcher, Reginald; Everitt, James Herbert; Yang, Chenghai] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Fletcher, R (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2413 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM reginald.fletcher@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1010-6049 J9 GEOCARTO INT JI Geocarto Int. PY 2011 VL 26 IS 7 BP 527 EP 536 DI 10.1080/10106049.2011.603845 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA V27SB UT WOS:000208631800003 ER PT J AU Brookshire, ENJ Gerber, S Webster, JR Vose, JM Swank, WT AF Brookshire, E. N. Jack Gerber, Stefan Webster, Jackson R. Vose, James M. Swank, Wayne T. TI Direct effects of temperature on forest nitrogen cycling revealed through analysis of long-term watershed records SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE climate variation; ecosystem model; forest nitrogen cycling; long-term data; nitrogen deposition; nitrogen mineralization; small watershed; temperature sensitivity ID ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; NITRATE CONCENTRATIONS; CARBON DECOMPOSITION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; SOIL CARBON; ECOSYSTEMS; MODEL; NITRIFICATION; MINERALIZATION AB The microbial conversion of organic nitrogen (N) to plant available forms is a critical determinant of plant growth and carbon sequestration in forests worldwide. In temperate zones, microbial activity is coupled to variations in temperature, yet at the ecosystem level, microbial N mineralization seems to play a minor role in determining patterns of N loss. Rather, N losses often appear to vary with seasonality in hydrology and plant demand, while exports over longer periods are thought to be associated with increasing rates of anthropogenic N deposition. We analyzed long-term (21-32 years) time series of climate and stream and atmospheric chemistry from two temperate deciduous forest watersheds in the southeastern USA to understand the sensitivity of internal forest N cycles to climate variation and atmospheric deposition. We evaluated the time series with a simple analytical model that incorporates key biotic constraints and mechanisms of N limitation and cycling in plant-soil systems. Through maximum likelihood analysis, we derive biologically realistic estimates of N mineralization and its temperature sensitivity (Q(10)). We find that seasonality and long-term trends in stream nitrate (NO3) concentrations can in large part be explained by the dynamics of internal biological cycling responding to climate rather than external forcing from atmospheric chemistry. In particular, our model analysis suggests that much of the variation in N cycling in these forests results from the response of microbial activity to temperature, causing NO3 losses to peak in the growing season and to accelerate with recent warming. Extrapolation of current trends in temperature and N deposition suggests that the upturn in temperature may increase future N export by greater than threefold more than from increasing deposition, revealing a potential direct effect of anthropogenic warming on terrestrial N cycles. C1 [Brookshire, E. N. Jack; Gerber, Stefan] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Webster, Jackson R.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Vose, James M.; Swank, Wayne T.] USDA Forest Serv, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, Otto, NC USA. RP Brookshire, ENJ (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM jbrookshire@montana.edu FU A. W. Mellon Foundation; Cooperative Institute for Climate Science (CICS) FX We thank Susana Bernal for insightful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. We thank Yiqi Luo and two anonymous reviewers for insightful comments on the manuscript. E. N. J. B. was funded through a grant from the A. W. Mellon Foundation awarded to L. O. Hedin and S. A. Levin. S. G. was funded through a grant from the Cooperative Institute for Climate Science (CICS) awarded to L. O. Hedin. NR 48 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 17 IS 1 BP 297 EP 308 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02245.x PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 688LT UT WOS:000284851500026 ER PT J AU Migliavacca, M Reichstein, M Richardson, AD Colombo, R Sutton, MA Lasslop, G Tomelleri, E Wohlfahrt, G Carvalhais, N Cescatti, A Mahecha, MD Montagnani, L Papale, D Zaehle, S Arain, A Arneth, A Black, TA Carrara, A Dore, S Gianelle, D Helfter, C Hollinger, D Kutsch, WL Lafleur, PM Nouvellon, Y Rebmann, C da Rocha, HR Rodeghiero, M Roupsard, O Sebastia, MT Seufert, G Soussana, JF van der Molen, MK AF Migliavacca, Mirco Reichstein, Markus Richardson, Andrew D. Colombo, Roberto Sutton, Mark A. Lasslop, Gitta Tomelleri, Enrico Wohlfahrt, Georg Carvalhais, Nuno Cescatti, Alessandro Mahecha, Miguel D. Montagnani, Leonardo Papale, Dario Zaehle, Soenke Arain, Altaf Arneth, Almut Black, T. Andrew Carrara, Arnaud Dore, Sabina Gianelle, Damiano Helfter, Carole Hollinger, David Kutsch, Werner L. Lafleur, Peter M. Nouvellon, Yann Rebmann, Corinna da Rocha, Humberto R. Rodeghiero, Mirco Roupsard, Olivier Sebastia, Maria-Teresa Seufert, Guenther Soussana, Jean-Francoise van der Molen, Michiel K. TI Semiempirical modeling of abiotic and biotic factors controlling ecosystem respiration across eddy covariance sites SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ecosystem respiration; eddy covariance; FLUXNET; inverse modeling; leaf area index; productivity ID FOREST SOIL RESPIRATION; CARBON-DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; WATER-VAPOR EXCHANGE; DECIDUOUS FOREST; EUROPEAN FORESTS; HETEROTROPHIC COMPONENTS; RHIZOSPHERE RESPIRATION; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; NITROGEN DEPOSITION AB In this study we examined ecosystem respiration (R(ECO)) data from 104 sites belonging to FLUXNET, the global network of eddy covariance flux measurements. The goal was to identify the main factors involved in the variability of R(ECO): temporally and between sites as affected by climate, vegetation structure and plant functional type (PFT) (evergreen needleleaf, grasslands, etc.). We demonstrated that a model using only climate drivers as predictors of R(ECO) failed to describe part of the temporal variability in the data and that the dependency on gross primary production (GPP) needed to be included as an additional driver of R(ECO). The maximum seasonal leaf area index (LAI(MAX)) had an additional effect that explained the spatial variability of reference respiration (the respiration at reference temperature T(ref)=15 degrees C, without stimulation introduced by photosynthetic activity and without water limitations), with a statistically significant linear relationship (r2=0.52, P < 0.001, n=104) even within each PFT. Besides LAI(MAX), we found that reference respiration may be explained partially by total soil carbon content (SoilC). For undisturbed temperate and boreal forests a negative control of total nitrogen deposition (N(depo)) on reference respiration was also identified. We developed a new semiempirical model incorporating abiotic factors (climate), recent productivity (daily GPP), general site productivity and canopy structure (LAI(MAX)) which performed well in predicting the spatio-temporal variability of R(ECO), explaining > 70% of the variance for most vegetation types. Exceptions include tropical and Mediterranean broadleaf forests and deciduous broadleaf forests. Part of the variability in respiration that could not be described by our model may be attributed to a series of factors, including phenology in deciduous broadleaf forests and management practices in grasslands and croplands. C1 [Migliavacca, Mirco; Colombo, Roberto] Univ Milano Bicocca, Remote Sensing Environm Dynam Lab, DISAT, I-20126 Milan, Italy. [Migliavacca, Mirco; Reichstein, Markus; Lasslop, Gitta; Tomelleri, Enrico; Carvalhais, Nuno] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, Model Data Integrat Grp, D-07701 Jena, Germany. [Richardson, Andrew D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sutton, Mark A.; Helfter, Carole] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Edinburgh Res Stn, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland. [Wohlfahrt, Georg] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Okol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Carvalhais, Nuno] Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, FCT, P-2829516 Caparica, Portugal. [Cescatti, Alessandro; Seufert, Guenther] Commiss European Communities, DG JRC, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Climate Change Unit, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy. ETH, Dept Environm Sci, Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Montagnani, Leonardo] Agenzia Ambiente, Serv Forestali, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy. [Montagnani, Leonardo] Free Univ Bolzano Bozen, Fac Sci & Technol, I-39100 Bozen Bolzano, Italy. [Papale, Dario] Univ Tuscia, DISAFRI, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. [Zaehle, Soenke] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, Dept Biogeochem Syst, D-07701 Jena, Germany. [Arain, Altaf] McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. [Mahecha, Miguel D.; Arneth, Almut] Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Ecosyst Anal, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Black, T. Andrew] Univ British Columbia, Fac Land & Food Syst, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Carrara, Arnaud] Fdn Ctr Estudios Ambientales Mediterrraneo, Program Air Pollutants Effects, Paterna 46980, Spain. [Dore, Sabina] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Dore, Sabina] No Arizona Univ, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Gianelle, Damiano; Rodeghiero, Mirco] Fdn E Mach, IASMA Res & Innovat Ctr, Environm & Nat Resources Area, I-38040 Trento, Italy. [Hollinger, David] USDA Forest Serv, NE Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Kutsch, Werner L.] Inst Agrarrelevante Klimaforsch, Johann Heinrich von Thunen Inst vTI, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany. [Lafleur, Peter M.] Trent Univ, Dept Geog, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Nouvellon, Yann; Roupsard, Olivier] CIRAD, UPR80, D TA10, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France. [Rebmann, Corinna] Univ Bayreuth, Dept Micrometeorol, D-07701 Bayreuth, Germany. [da Rocha, Humberto R.] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Ciencias Atmosfer, IAG, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Roupsard, Olivier] Ctr Agron Trop Invest & Ensenanza, CAITE, Turrialba 7170, Costa Rica. [Sebastia, Maria-Teresa] Forest Technol Ctr Catalonia, Lab Plant Ecol & Bot, Solsona 25280, Spain. [Sebastia, Maria-Teresa] Univ Lleida, Agron Engn Sch, E-25198 Lleida, Spain. [Soussana, Jean-Francoise] INRA, Grassland Ecosyst Res UR874, F-63100 Clermont Ferrand, France. [van der Molen, Michiel K.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Hydrol & Geoenvironm Sci, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Migliavacca, M (reprint author), Univ Milano Bicocca, Remote Sensing Environm Dynam Lab, DISAT, Pzza Sci 1, I-20126 Milan, Italy. EM m.migliavacca1@campus.unimib.it RI Gianelle, Damiano/G-9437-2011; Seufert, Gunther/J-9918-2013; Montagnani, Leonardo/F-1837-2016; Soussana, Jean-Francois/P-2094-2016; Zaehle, Sonke/C-9528-2017; Soussana, Jean-Francois/E-2543-2012; Nouvellon, Yann/C-9295-2016; roupsard, olivier/C-1219-2008; Rodeghiero, Mirco/G-8559-2011; Richardson, Andrew/F-5691-2011; Helfter, Carole/A-1835-2010; Hollinger, David/G-7185-2012; Migliavacca, mirco/C-1260-2011; Sutton, Mark/K-2700-2012; Arneth, Almut/B-2702-2013; Sebastia, M. Teresa/B-5479-2013; Carrara, Arnaud/L-8144-2014; Wohlfahrt, Georg/D-2409-2009; Mahecha, Miguel/F-2443-2010; Reichstein, Markus/A-7494-2011; OI Gianelle, Damiano/0000-0001-7697-5793; Seufert, Gunther/0000-0002-6019-6688; Montagnani, Leonardo/0000-0003-2957-9071; Soussana, Jean-Francois/0000-0002-1932-6583; Zaehle, Sonke/0000-0001-5602-7956; Arain, M. Altaf/0000-0002-1433-5173; Carvalhais, Nuno/0000-0003-0465-1436; Nouvellon, Yann/0000-0003-1920-3847; Rodeghiero, Mirco/0000-0003-3228-4557; Richardson, Andrew/0000-0002-0148-6714; Sebastia, M. Teresa/0000-0002-9017-3575; Wohlfahrt, Georg/0000-0003-3080-6702; Mahecha, Miguel/0000-0003-3031-613X; Reichstein, Markus/0000-0001-5736-1112; Papale, Dario/0000-0001-5170-8648 FU CarboEuropeIP; FAO-GTOS-TCO; iLEAPS; Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry; National Science Foundation; University of Tuscia; US Department of Energy; University of Milano-Bicocca; Model-Data Integration Group of the Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry FX The authors would like to thank all the PIs of eddy-covariance sites, technicians, postdoctoral fellows, research associates and site collaborators involved in FLUXNET who are not included as coauthors of this paper, without whose work this analysis would not have been possible. This work is the outcome of the La Thuile FLUXNET Workshop 2007, which would not have been possible without the financial support provided by CarboEuropeIP, FAO-GTOS-TCO, iLEAPS, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, National Science Foundation, University of Tuscia and the US Department of Energy. Moreover, we acknowledge databasing and technical support from Berkeley Water Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Microsoft Research eScience, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of California- Berkeley and University of Virginia. The following networks participated with flux data: AmeriFlux, AfriFlux, AsiaFlux, CarboAfrica, CarboEuropeIP, ChinaFlux, Fluxnet-Canada, KoFlux, LBA, NECC, OzFlux, TCOS-Siberia and USCCC. AmeriFlux grant: US Department of Energy, Biological and Environmental Research and Terrestrial Carbon Program (DE-FG0204ER63917). Data collection for the US-ARM sites was supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 as part of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program. M. A. S contribution was supported by the Nitro-Europe Project. M. M. was supported by the University of Milano-Bicocca and by the Model-Data Integration Group of the Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry. M. M. acknowledges the Remote Sensing for Environmental Dynamics Laboratory, LTDA (in particular L. Busetto, M. Meroni and M. Rossini), C. Beer and M. Jung from the Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry for the fruitful discussions during the data analysis. M. R. acknowledges funding from the Max-Planck-Society for the Max-Planck Research Group Biogeochemical Model-Data Integration. M. M. also thanks the participants in the 2009 Kittery Point workshop, D. D. Baldocchi and B. E. Law for their feedback and suggestions. Last but not least, we are grateful to the subject editor and the three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments, suggestions and feedbacks, which greatly improve the overall quality and structure of the manuscript. NR 90 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 2 U2 76 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 17 IS 1 BP 390 EP 409 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02243.x PG 20 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 688LT UT WOS:000284851500033 ER PT J AU Feng, ZZ Pang, J Kobayashi, K Zhu, JG Ort, DR AF Feng, Zhaozhong Pang, Jing Kobayashi, Kazuhiko Zhu, Jianguo Ort, Donald R. TI Differential responses in two varieties of winter wheat to elevated ozone concentration under fully open-air field conditions SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chlorophyll fluorescence; gas exchange; ozone; ozone uptake; variety; winter wheat ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; IN-VIVO ANALYSIS; CHLOROPHYLL-A FLUORESCENCE; GAS-EXCHANGE; SPRING WHEAT; ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEMS; LEAF SENESCENCE; ASCORBIC-ACID; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; CO2 ASSIMILATION AB Two modern cultivars [Yangmai16 (Y16) and Yangfumai 2 (Y2)] of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with almost identical phenology were investigated to determine the impacts of elevated ozone concentration (E-O(3)) on physiological characters related to photosynthesis under fully open-air field conditions in China. The plants were exposed from the initiation of tillering to final harvest, with E-O(3) of 127% of the ambient ozone concentration (A-O(3)). Measurements of pigments, gas exchange rates, chlorophyll a fluorescence and lipid oxidation were made in three replicated plots throughout flag leaf development. In cultivar Y2, E-O(3) significantly accelerated leaf senescence, as indicated by increased lipid oxidation as well as faster declines in pigment amounts and photosynthetic rates. The lower photosynthetic rates were mainly due to nonstomatal factors, e.g. lower maximum carboxylation capacity, electron transport rates and light energy distribution. In cultivar Y16, by contrast, the effects of E-O(3) were observed only at the very last stage of flag leaf ageing. Since the two cultivars had almost identical phenology and very similar leaf stomatal conductance before senescence, the greater impacts of E-O(3) on cultivars Y2 than Y16 cannot be explained by differential ozone uptake. Our findings will be useful for scientists to select O(3)-tolerant wheat cultivars against the rising surface [O(3)] in East and South Asia. C1 [Feng, Zhaozhong; Pang, Jing; Kobayashi, Kazuhiko] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Agr & Life Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138657, Japan. [Pang, Jing] Hubei Univ, Acad Resource & Environm, Wuhan 430064, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Jianguo] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Inst Soil Sci, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. [Ort, Donald R.] USDA ARS, Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ort, Donald R.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Kobayashi, K (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Agr & Life Sci, Bunkyo Ku, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Tokyo 1138657, Japan. EM aclasman@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp FU Ministry of Environment, Japan [07-C062-03, C-062]; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [2009DFA31110, P09120]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [GJHZ0748] FX This study was supported by Eco-Frontier Fellowship (07-C062-03), the Global Environment Research Fund (C-062) of the Ministry of Environment, Japan, The International S & T Cooperation Program of China (2009DFA31110), Fellowship of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (P09120) and the International Cooperation Key Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (GJHZ0748). We are grateful to Prof. G. Liu and Mr. H. Y. Tang for their technical support in the free-air ozone release system. NR 56 TC 62 Z9 66 U1 8 U2 56 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 17 IS 1 BP 580 EP 591 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02184.x PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 688LT UT WOS:000284851500047 ER PT J AU Knothe, G AF Knothe, Gerhard TI A technical evaluation of biodiesel from vegetable oils vs. algae. Will algae-derived biodiesel perform? SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; MICROALGA CHLORELLA-PROTOTHECOIDES; TROPICAL AUSTRALIAN MICROALGAE; OPTICAL-EMISSION SPECTROMETRY; LOW-TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES; BLUE-GREEN-ALGAE; BOTRYOCOCCUS-BRAUNII; STERYL GLUCOSIDES; LIPID-COMPOSITION; ISOCHRYSIS-GALBANA AB Biodiesel, one of the most prominent renewable alternative fuels, can be derived from a variety of sources including vegetable oils, animal fats and used cooking oils, as well as alternative sources such as algae. While issues such as land-use change, food vs. fuel, feedstock availability, and production potential have influenced the search for the "best" feedstocks, an issue that will ultimately determine the usability of any biodiesel fuel is that of fuel properties. Issues such as cold flow and oxidative stability have been problematic for biodiesel. The fatty acid profile of a biodiesel fuel is largely identical to that of the feedstock and significantly influences these properties. This article compares biodiesel derived from vegetable oils and biodiesel obtained from algae in light of fuel properties. While the properties of biodiesel fuels derived from vegetable oils are well-known, the properties of biodiesel obtained from algal oils have usually not been reported. The fatty acid profiles of many algal oils possess high amounts of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Thus, biodiesel fuels derived from algae in many cases likely possess poor fuel properties, i.e., both poor cold flow and low oxidative stability simultaneously. This observation shows that production potential alone does not suffice to judge the suitability of a feedstock for biodiesel use. This article also summarizes how the fuel properties of biodiesel can be improved through modification of the fatty ester content. Algal oils for biodiesel production are probably best produced under tightly controlled conditions since the fatty acid profile of algal oils is very susceptible to changes in these conditions. Algal oils likely yielding biodiesel with the least problematic properties as determined by reported fatty acid profiles are discussed. C1 ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Knothe, G (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM gerhard.knothe@ars.usda.gov NR 126 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 2 U2 45 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2011 VL 13 IS 11 BP 3048 EP 3065 DI 10.1039/c0gc00946f PG 18 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 840OM UT WOS:000296450100003 ER PT J AU Flood, A Mason, JB Liu, ZH Cash, BD Schatzkin, A Schoenfeld, PS Cross, AJ AF Flood, Andrew Mason, Joel B. Liu, Zhenhua Cash, Brooks D. Schatzkin, Arthur Schoenfeld, Philip S. Cross, Amanda J. TI Concentration of folate in colorectal tissue biopsies predicts prevalence of adenomatous polyps SO GUT LA English DT Article ID COLONIC MUCOSAL CONCENTRATIONS; ISLAND METHYLATOR PHENOTYPE; MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY; BLOOD MEASUREMENTS; CANCER-RISK; WOMEN; ASSOCIATION; NEOPLASIA; C677T; GENE AB Background and aims Folate has been implicated as a potential aetiological factor for colorectal cancer. Previous research has not adequately exploited concentrations of folate in normal colonic mucosal biopsies to examine the issue. Methods Logistic regression models were used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs of adenoma according to the tissue concentration of folate using asymptomatic average-risk women (40-70 years) in a colorectal cancer screening study. Of the 1593 eligible women who were offered enrolment, 1483 (93%) participated. Colonoscopy was complete to the caecum in 98.7% (1463/1483) of the subjects, and normal colonic tissue biopsies were obtained from 813 (56%) of these, of whom 170 had at least one adenoma. Results A marginal reduction in risk for proximal adenomas (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.29 to 1.09) but not distal adenomas (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.43 to 2.37) was observed among women in the highest quintile of tissue folate concentration. A significant reduction in risk for advanced adenoma was observed for women in the highest quintile of tissue folate concentration (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.93). Defining the outcome as proximal adenomatous and/or hyperplastic polyps, statistically significant inverse associations with tissue concentrations of folate were also observed (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.95 for quintile 5 vs quintile 1). Conclusions These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that folate status of colonic mucosa is an exposure that is aetiologically important in determining the risk of particular molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer. C1 [Flood, Andrew] Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. [Flood, Andrew] Univ Minnesota, Masonic Canc Ctr, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Mason, Joel B.; Liu, Zhenhua] Tufts Univ, Vitamins & Carcinogenesis Lab, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Cash, Brooks D.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Gastroenterol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Cash, Brooks D.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Bethesda, MD USA. [Schatzkin, Arthur; Cross, Amanda J.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Schoenfeld, Philip S.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Div Gastroenterol, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Schoenfeld, Philip S.] Vet Affairs Ctr Excellence Hlth Serv Res, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Flood, A (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, 1300 S 2nd St,Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. EM flood009@umn.edu FU National Institutes of Health [K07 CA108910-01A1, K23-DK-60040]; American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy; American College of Gastroenterology; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD FX Research funded by National Institutes of Health grant K07 CA108910-01A1 (AF), National Institute of Health grant K23-DK-60040 (PSS) and an American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Career Development Award (PSS). The CONCeRN Study was funded by research grants from the American College of Gastroenterology and the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy as well as Intramural Research Program funds from the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD JAN PY 2011 VL 60 IS 1 BP 66 EP 72 DI 10.1136/gut.2010.208074 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 692WV UT WOS:000285187500012 PM 21068136 ER PT J AU Huffman, WE Rousu, M Shogren, JF Tegene, A AF Huffman, Wallace E. Rousu, Matthew Shogren, Jason F. Tegene, Abebayehu BE Preedy, VR Watson, RR Martin, CR TI The Effects of Prior Beliefs and Learning on Consumers' Acceptance of Genetically Modified Foods: Implications for Diet and Behavior SO HANDBOOK OF BEHAVIOR, FOOD AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID EXPERIMENTAL AUCTION MARKETS; WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY; INFORMATION; UNCERTAINTY; PSYCHOLOGY; DECISIONS; ECONOMICS C1 [Huffman, Wallace E.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Econ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Rousu, Matthew] Susquehanna Univ, Dept Econ, Selinsgrove, PA USA. [Shogren, Jason F.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Econ & Finance, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Tegene, Abebayehu] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Huffman, WE (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Econ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM whuffman@iastate.edu RI Shogren, Jason/B-9771-2017 OI Shogren, Jason/0000-0003-3757-959X NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-92270-6 PY 2011 BP 725 EP 739 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-92271-3_48 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-92271-3 PG 15 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BDE45 UT WOS:000312946600050 ER PT B AU Bingol, G Devres, YO AF Bingol, Gokhan Devres, Y. Onur BE Sinha, NK TI Processing and Computer Technology SO HANDBOOK OF VEGETABLES AND VEGETABLE PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MACHINE VISION SYSTEM; ONLINE RETORT CONTROL; FOOD-INDUSTRY; HEAT-TRANSFER; BIOSENSOR APPLICATIONS; INACTIVATION KINETICS; DRYING TECHNOLOGIES; QUALITY-ASSURANCE; TELEMETRY SYSTEM; CANNED FOODS C1 [Bingol, Gokhan] ARS, USDA, Pacific Western Area, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Devres, Y. Onur] Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Food Engn, TR-34469 Istanbul, Turkey. RP Bingol, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Pacific Western Area, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-0-470-95838-4; 978-0-8138-1541-1 PY 2011 BP 387 EP 403 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BA4ZJ UT WOS:000336447600020 ER PT B AU Truong, VD Avula, RY Pecota, K Yencho, CG AF Truong, V. D. Avula, R. Y. Pecota, K. Yencho, C. G. BE Sinha, NK TI Sweetpotatoes SO HANDBOOK OF VEGETABLES AND VEGETABLE PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID IPOMOEA-BATATAS L.; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; PROXIMATE COMPOSITION; SENSORY PROPERTIES; UNITED-STATES; AFLP MARKERS; ACID CONTENT; PUREE; DIVERSITY; STORAGE C1 [Truong, V. D.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Food Sci Res Unit, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Avula, R. Y.] Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Pecota, K.; Yencho, C. G.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Truong, VD (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Food Sci Res Unit, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 102 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-0-470-95838-4; 978-0-8138-1541-1 PY 2011 BP 717 EP 737 PG 21 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BA4ZJ UT WOS:000336447600037 ER PT J AU Donovan, GH Michael, YL Butry, DT Sullivan, AD Chase, JM AF Donovan, Geoffrey H. Michael, Yvonne L. Butry, David T. Sullivan, Amy D. Chase, John M. TI Urban trees and the risk of poor birth outcomes SO HEALTH & PLACE LA English DT Article DE Reproductive health; Small for gestational age; Preterm birth; Urban trees ID GREEN SPACE; PRETERM BIRTH; HEALTH; WEIGHT; RECOVERY; INFANTS AB This paper investigated whether greater tree-canopy cover is associated with reduced risk of poor birth outcomes in Portland, Oregon. Residential addresses were geocoded and linked to classified-aerial imagery to calculate tree-canopy cover in 50, 100, and 200 m buffers around each home in our sample (n=5696). Detailed data on maternal characteristics and additional neighborhood variables were obtained from birth certificates and tax records. We found that a 10% increase in tree-canopy cover within 50 m of a house reduced the number of small for gestational age births by 1.42 per 1000 births (95% CI-0.11-2.72). Results suggest that the natural environment may affect pregnancy outcomes and should be evaluated in future research. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Donovan, Geoffrey H.; Chase, John M.] USDA Forest Serv, PNW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. [Michael, Yvonne L.] Drexel Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA. [Butry, David T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Sullivan, Amy D.] Multnomah Cty Hlth Dept, Portland, OR 97204 USA. RP Donovan, GH (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, PNW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. EM gdonovan@fs.fed.us RI Sanders, Susan/G-1957-2011 NR 25 TC 52 Z9 60 U1 4 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1353-8292 J9 HEALTH PLACE JI Health Place PD JAN PY 2011 VL 17 IS 1 BP 390 EP 393 DI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.11.004 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 740FH UT WOS:000288776500046 PM 21106432 ER PT J AU Ong, KT Mashek, MT Bu, SY Greenberg, AS Mashek, DG AF Ong, Kuok Teong Mashek, Mara T. Bu, So Young Greenberg, Andrew S. Mashek, Douglas G. TI Adipose Triglyceride Lipase Is a Major Hepatic Lipase That Regulates Triacylglycerol Turnover and Fatty Acid Signaling and Partitioning SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; DIFFERENTIATION-RELATED PROTEIN; HORMONE-SENSITIVE LIPASE; LIVER-DISEASE; PPAR-GAMMA; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION; METABOLIC SYNDROME; DEFICIENT MICE; EXPRESSION; LIPOLYSIS AB Despite advances in our understanding of the ways in which nutrient oversupply and triacylglycerol (TAG) anabolism contribute to hepatic steatosis, little is known about the lipases responsible for regulating hepatic TAG turnover. Recent studies have identified adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) as a major lipase in adipose tissue, although its role in the liver is largely unknown. Thus, we tested the contribution of ATGL to hepatic lipid metabolism and signaling. Adenovirus-mediated knockdown of hepatic ATGL resulted in steatosis in mice and decreased hydrolysis of TAG in primary hepatocyte cultures and in vitro assays. In addition to altering TAG hydrolysis, ATGL was shown to play a significant role in partitioning hydrolyzed fatty acids between metabolic pathways. Although ATGL gain and loss of function did not alter hepatic TAG secretion, fatty acid oxidation was increased by ATGL overexpression and decreased by ATGL knockdown. The effects on fatty acid oxidation coincided with decreased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a (PPAR-alpha) and its target genes in mice with suppressed hepatic ATGL expression. However, PPAR-alpha agonism was unable to normalize the effects of ATGL knockdown on PPAR-alpha target gene expression, and this suggests that ATGL influences PPAR-alpha activity independently of ligand-induced activation. Conclusion: Taken together, these data show that ATGL is a major hepatic TAG lipase that plays an integral role in fatty acid partitioning and signaling to control energy metabolism. (HEPATOLOGY 2011;53:116-126) C1 [Ong, Kuok Teong; Mashek, Mara T.; Bu, So Young; Mashek, Douglas G.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Greenberg, Andrew S.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Mashek, DG (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, 1334 Eckles Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM dmashek@umn.edu RI Ong, Kuok Teong/H-8274-2015; OI Ong, Kuok Teong/0000-0001-8605-375X; Bu, So Young/0000-0001-9801-5435; Mashek, Douglas/0000-0001-7033-3386 FU National Institutes of Health [RO1-DK0822574, 1RC2ES018781, R56-DK085008]; American Diabetes Association [7-08-RA-57, 7-07-JF-43]; USDA [58-1950-7-707] FX This study was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (RO1-DK0822574 and 1RC2ES018781 to Andrew S. Greenberg and R56-DK085008 to Douglas G. Mashek) and the American Diabetes Association (7-08-RA-57 to Andrew S. Greenberg and 7-07-JF-43 to Douglas G. Mashek, and the USDA, Agricultural Research Service (under Contract no. 58-1950-7-707 to Andrew S. Greenberg). The authors also thank the Minnesota Obesity Center (P30-DK50456). NR 44 TC 100 Z9 104 U1 0 U2 17 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 53 IS 1 BP 116 EP 126 DI 10.1002/hep.24006 PG 11 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 709AB UT WOS:000286406300014 PM 20967758 ER PT J AU Mesa, AC Spokas, KA AF Cabrera Mesa, Alegria Spokas, Kurt A. BE Kortekamp, A TI Impacts of Biochar (Black Carbon) Additions on the Sorption and Efficacy of Herbicides SO HERBICIDES AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RESIDUE-DERIVED CHAR; POWDERED ACTIVATED CARBON; ORGANIC-MATTER; WHEAT ASH; PESTICIDE ADSORPTION; MCPA IMMOBILIZATION; PARTICULATE MATTER; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; MOLECULAR-SIEVES C1 [Cabrera Mesa, Alegria] IRNAS CSIC, Madrid, Spain. [Spokas, Kurt A.] ARS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Mesa, AC (reprint author), IRNAS CSIC, Madrid, Spain. RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 NR 109 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-476-4 PY 2011 BP 315 EP 340 D2 10.5772/550 PG 26 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BF0JG UT WOS:000378913300016 ER PT J AU Price, A Kelton, J AF Price, Andrew Kelton, Jessica BE Soloneski, S Larramendy, ML TI Weed Control in Conservation Agriculture SO HERBICIDES, THEORY AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID L-PHOSPHINOTHRICIN GLUFOSINATE; COVER CROP; GLYPHOSATE RESISTANCE; UNTRANSFORMED PLANTS; HERBICIDE-RESISTANT; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; TILLAGE SYSTEM; RESIDUE COVER; MANAGEMENT; COTTON C1 [Price, Andrew] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Kelton, Jessica] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Price, A (reprint author), USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-975-2 PY 2011 BP 3 EP 16 PG 14 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BF7ZU UT WOS:000384665700002 ER PT S AU Zhang, HJ Zhu, L Sun, YL Wang, XP Yan, HC AF Zhang Houjiang Zhu Lai Sun Yanliang Wang Xiping Yan Haicheng BE Zhou, M TI Determining Modulus of Elasticity of Ancient Structural Timber SO HIGH PERFORMANCE STRUCTURES AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, PTS 1 AND 2 SE Advanced Materials Research LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on High Performance Structures and Materials Engineering CY MAY 05-06, 2011 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Ind Elect Ctr, Shenzhen Univ, ACM Hong Kong Chapter DE ancient timber architecture component; modulus of elasticity (MOE); stress wave; resistograph; modulus of stress-resistograph AB During maintenance of ancient timber architectures, it is important to determine mechanical properties of the wood component materials non-destructively and effectively, so that degraded members may be replaced or repaired to avoid structural failure. Experimental materials are four larch (Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr:) components, which were taken down from the drum-tower of Zhengjue Temple of Yuanmingyuan (Old Summer Palace), Beijing, China. The larch components were cut into standard specimens first, and then stress wave transmission times, resistograph and densities were tested. Product of resitograph and stress wave speed squared is defined as modulus of stress-resistograph. Comparing with the modulus of elasticity (MOE) of the specimens tested by the traditional bending test method, it is found that there is a linear relationships between the modulus of stress-resistograph and modulus of elasticity (MOE), and the correlation coefficients are 0.7111. In order to better evaluate the modulus of elasticity (MOE) with the modulus of stress-resistograph, 95% confidence regression lines are suggested to be used for the future calculation. C1 [Zhang Houjiang; Zhu Lai; Sun Yanliang; Yan Haicheng] Beijing Forestry Univ, Sch Tech, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Wang Xiping] USDA Forest Products Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Zhang, HJ (reprint author), Beijing Forestry Univ, Sch Tech, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM hjzhang6@bjfu.edu.cn; mogerly1985@163.com; sunyanliang702@163.com; xwang@fs.fed.us; abamice@126.com FU Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, China [Z090506016609002] FX The project was supported by the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, China, grant # Z090506016609002. We greatly appreciate the help from Dr. Robert J Ross, from the USDA Forest Products Laboratory, and Mr. Brian K Brashaw, from University of Minnesota Duluth, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 1022-6680 BN 978-3-03785-075-6 J9 ADV MATER RES-SWITZ PY 2011 VL 217-218 BP 407 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.217-218.407 PN 1-2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BVQ13 UT WOS:000292278900076 ER PT S AU Hummer, KE AF Hummer, Kim E. BE Janick, J TI Dedication: Maxine M. Thompson SO HORTICULTURAL REVIEWS, VOL 38 SE Horticultural Reviews LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Hummer, KE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO 19 8SQ, ENGLAND SN 0163-7851 BN 978-0-470-87237-6; 978-0-470-64470-6 J9 HORTICUL RE PY 2011 VL 38 BP XIII EP XV D2 10.1002/9781118100592 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BA6HX UT WOS:000337146900001 ER PT S AU Pijut, PM Woeste, KE Michler, CH AF Pijut, Paula M. Woeste, Keith E. Michler, Charles H. BE Janick, J TI Promotion of Adventitious Root Formation of Difficult-to-Root Hardwood Tree Species SO HORTICULTURAL REVIEWS, VOL 38 SE Horticultural Reviews LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WOODY PLANT-TISSUE; STEM CUTTINGS; VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION; DNA METHYLATION; PINUS-CONTORTA; BETULA-PENDULA; ROL GENES; ARABIDOPSIS SEEDLINGS; ROBINIA-PSEUDOACACIA; SOFTWOOD CUTTINGS C1 [Pijut, Paula M.; Woeste, Keith E.; Michler, Charles H.] Purdue Univ, US Forest Serv, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, USDA,Northern Res Stn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Pijut, PM (reprint author), Purdue Univ, US Forest Serv, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, USDA,Northern Res Stn, 715 West State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RI Pijut, Paula/N-6789-2015 NR 141 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO 19 8SQ, ENGLAND SN 0163-7851 BN 978-0-470-87237-6; 978-0-470-64470-6 J9 HORTICUL RE PY 2011 VL 38 BP 213 EP 251 D2 10.1002/9781118100592 PG 39 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BA6HX UT WOS:000337146900007 ER PT S AU Dias, JS Ryder, EJ AF Dias, Joao Silva Ryder, Edward J. BE Janick, J TI World Vegetable Industry: Production, Breeding, Trends SO HORTICULTURAL REVIEWS, VOL 38 SE Horticultural Reviews LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BETA-CAROTENE CONTENT; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM L.; COAT PROTEIN GENES; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; VIRUS-RESISTANCE; AGRICULTURAL COMMERCIALIZATION; TRANSGENIC SQUASH; POTATO CULTIVARS; HUMAN-NUTRITION; LATIN-AMERICA C1 [Dias, Joao Silva] Univ Tecn Lisboa, Inst Super Agron, P-1349017 Lisbon, Portugal. [Ryder, Edward J.] ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Dias, JS (reprint author), Univ Tecn Lisboa, Inst Super Agron, P-1349017 Lisbon, Portugal. NR 166 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO 19 8SQ, ENGLAND SN 0163-7851 BN 978-0-470-87237-6; 978-0-470-64470-6 J9 HORTICUL RE PY 2011 VL 38 BP 299 EP 356 D2 10.1002/9781118100592 PG 58 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BA6HX UT WOS:000337146900009 ER PT J AU Miller, SS Schupp, JR Baugher, TA Wolford, SD AF Miller, Stephen S. Schupp, James R. Baugher, Tara A. Wolford, Scott D. TI Performance of Mechanical Thinners for Bloom or Green Fruit Thinning in Peaches SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Prunus persica; stone fruit; crop load management; fruit size; labor ID REDUCES LABOR INPUT; APPLE; SIZE AB Peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) thinning is a costly and time-consuming but necessary practice to produce a crop of marketable size fruit. A number of mechanical devices and methods have been developed and evaluated to reduce the cost and time required for hand thinning peach. This report provides additional evidence that a Darwin string thinner can effectively thin peach at bloom and a spiked drum shaker can thin at bloom or at the green fruit (pit hardening) stage. Five trials were conducted over 2 years in grower orchards with trees trained to a perpendicular V system. A Darwin string thinner at 60% to 80% full bloom (FB) reduced crop load (fruit/cm(2) limb cross-sectional area) on scaffold limbs by 21% to 50% compared with a hand-thinned control. At the 60% FB stage, a USDA-designed double-spiked drum shaker reduced crop load by 27% and in another trial, a USDA prototype single-drum shaker reduced crop load by 9%. Across all trials, the spiked drum shakers (single or double units) removed an average of 37% of the green fruit. All mechanical devices reduced the time required for follow-up hand thinning. Follow-up hand-thinning costs (US$/ha) were reduced an average of 27% by mechanical thinning devices over hand-thinned control trees. Fruit size was increased over hand-thinned controls by mechanical thinning in most, but not all, trials. A combined treatment of the Darwin string thinner at bloom followed by a drum shaker (single or double unit) at the green fruit stage produced the greatest net economic impact in a number of the trials. Despite overthinning in some trials, the mechanical thinning devices described provide a potential alternative to hand thinning alone in peach production. C1 [Miller, Stephen S.; Wolford, Scott D.] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Schupp, James R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Hort, Fruit Res & Extens Ctr, Biglerville, PA 17307 USA. [Baugher, Tara A.] Penn State Univ, Gettysburg, PA 17325 USA. RP Miller, SS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM stephen.miller@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2011 VL 46 IS 1 BP 43 EP 51 PG 9 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 708IP UT WOS:000286355800009 ER PT J AU Neary, DG AF Neary, Daniel G. BE Elango, L TI Impacts of Wildfire Severity on Hydraulic Conductivity in Forest, Woodland, and Grassland Soils SO HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY - ISSUES, DETERMINATION AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WATER REPELLENCY; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; BURN SEVERITY; HYDROLOGICAL PROPERTIES; BOREAL FOREST; FIRE; INFILTRATION; EUCALYPTUS; VEGETATION; EROSION C1 [Neary, Daniel G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Neary, DG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 81 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-288-3 PY 2011 BP 123 EP 142 D2 10.5772/744 PG 20 WC Geology; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA BD8AL UT WOS:000363726500008 ER PT J AU Guber, A Gish, T Pachepsky, Y McKee, L Nicholson, T Cady, R AF Guber, Andrey Gish, Timothy Pachepsky, Yakov McKee, Lynn Nicholson, Thomas Cady, Ralph TI Event-based estimation of water budget components using a network of multi-sensor capacitance probes SO HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL-JOURNAL DES SCIENCES HYDROLOGIQUES LA English DT Article DE soil water budget; event-based method; uncertainty ID GROUNDWATER RECHARGE; SOIL-MOISTURE; INFILTRATION PARAMETERS; CALIBRATION; RAINFALL; BALANCE; PRECISION; DYNAMICS; RUNOFF AB A new approach was developed for estimating vertical soil water fluxes using soil water content time series data. Instead of a traditional fixed time interval, this approach utilizes the time interval between two sequential minima of the soil water storage time series to identify groundwater recharge events and calculate components of the soil water budget. We calculated water budget components: surface-water excess (Sw), infiltration less evapotranspiration (I - ET) and groundwater recharge (R) from May 2001 to January 2003 at eight locations at the USDA Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland, USA. High uncertainty was observed for all budget components. This uncertainty was attributed to spatial and temporal variation in Sw, I - ET and R, and was caused by nonuniform rainfall distributions during recharge events, variability in the profile water content, and spatial variability in soil hydraulic properties. The proposed event-based approach allows estimating water budget components when profile water content monitoring data are available. C1 [Guber, Andrey; Pachepsky, Yakov] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Gish, Timothy; McKee, Lynn] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Nicholson, Thomas; Cady, Ralph] US Nucl Regulatory Commiss, Off Nucl Regulatory Res, Washington, DC 20555 USA. RP Guber, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM andrey.guber@ars.usda.gov; timothy.gish@ars.usda.gov; ypachepsky@anri.barc.usda.gov; lynn.mckee@ars.usda.gov; tjn@nrc.gov; rec2@nrc.gov NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0262-6667 J9 HYDROLOG SCI J JI Hydrol. Sci. J.-J. Sci. Hydrol. PY 2011 VL 56 IS 7 BP 1227 EP 1241 DI 10.1080/02626667.2011.609485 PG 15 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 851RW UT WOS:000297289600010 ER PT J AU Zhang, GH Wang, LL Tang, KM Luo, RT Zhang, XC AF Zhang, Guang-Hui Wang, Li-Li Tang, Ke-Ming Luo, Rong-Ting Zhang, X. C. TI Effects of sediment size on transport capacity of overland flow on steep slopes SO HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL-JOURNAL DES SCIENCES HYDROLOGIQUES LA English DT Article DE erosion; transport capacity; sediment size; overland flow; steep slope ID SOIL-EROSION MODEL; SALTATING SEDIMENT; BEDLOAD TRANSPORT; INTERRILL FLOW; SHALLOW FLOW; EQUATION; TECHNOLOGY; SURFACES; DENSITY; LOAD AB Sediment transport capacity is a key concept in determining rates of detachment and deposition in process-based erosion models, yet limited studies have been conducted on steep slopes. We investigated the effects of sediment size on transport capacity of overland flow in a flume. Unit flow discharge ranged from 0.66 to 5.26 x 10(-3) m(2) s(-1), and slope gradient varied from 8.7 to 42.3%. Five sediment size classes (median diameter, d(50), of 0.10, 0.22, 0.41, 0.69 and 1.16 mm) were used. Sediment size was inversely related to transport capacity. The ratios of average transport capacity of the finest class to those of the 0.22, 0.41, 0.69 and 1.16 mm classes were 1.09, 1.30, 1.55 and 1.92, respectively. Sediment transport capacity increased as a power function of flow discharge and slope gradient (R-2 = 0.98), shear stress (R-2 = 0.95), stream power (R-2 = 0.94), or unit stream power (R-2 = 0.76). Transport capacity generally decreased as a power function of sediment size (exponent=-0.35). Shear stress and stream power predicted transport capacity better than unit stream power on steep slopes when transport capacity was <7 kg m(-1) s(-1). Sediment transport capacity increased linearly with mean flow velocity. Critical or threshold velocity increased as a power function of sediment size (R-2 = 0.93). Further studies with fine soil particles are needed to quantify the effects of sediment size on transport capacity of overland flow on steep slopes. C1 [Zhang, Guang-Hui] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Guang-Hui; Wang, Li-Li; Tang, Ke-Ming; Luo, Rong-Ting] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Geog, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Zhang, X. C.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK USA. RP Zhang, GH (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM ghzhang@bnu.edu.cn FU Chinese Academy of Sciences; Foundation Research Funds for the Central University [2009SD-6] FX The study was conducted in the Fangshan Field Station of Beijing Normal University. Financial assistance for this work was provided by the Hundred Talents Projects of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Foundation Research Funds for the Central University (2009SD-6). NR 41 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0262-6667 J9 HYDROLOG SCI J JI Hydrol. Sci. J.-J. Sci. Hydrol. PY 2011 VL 56 IS 7 BP 1289 EP 1299 DI 10.1080/02626667.2011.609172 PG 11 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 851RW UT WOS:000297289600014 ER PT J AU Gao, ZQ Liu, CS Gao, W Chang, NB AF Gao, Z. Q. Liu, C. S. Gao, W. Chang, N. -B. TI A coupled remote sensing and the Surface Energy Balance with Topography Algorithm (SEBTA) to estimate actual evapotranspiration over heterogeneous terrain SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID DISTRIBUTED HYDROLOGICAL MODEL; PARTIAL CANOPY COVER; LAND-SURFACE; HEAT-FLUX; EVAPO-TRANSPIRATION; VEGETATION INDEXES; 2-SOURCE MODEL; SYSTEM SEBS; SENSED DATA; TEMPERATURE AB Evapotranspiration (ET) may be used as an ecological indicator to address the ecosystem complexity. The accurate measurement of ET is of great significance for studying environmental sustainability, global climate changes, and biodiversity. Remote sensing technologies are capable of monitoring both energy and water fluxes on the surface of the Earth. With this advancement, existing models, such as SEBAL, S_SEBI and SEBS, enable us to estimate the regional ET with limited temporal and spatial coverage in the study areas. This paper extends the existing modeling efforts with the inclusion of new components for ET estimation at different temporal and spatial scales under heterogeneous terrain with varying elevations, slopes and aspects. Following a coupled remote sensing and surface energy balance approach, this study emphasizes the structure and function of the Surface Energy Balance with Topography Algorithm (SEBTA). With the aid of the elevation and landscape information, such as slope and aspect parameters derived from the digital elevation model (DEM), and the vegetation cover derived from satellite images, the SEBTA can account for the dynamic impacts of heterogeneous terrain and changing land cover with some varying kinetic parameters (i.e., roughness and zero-plane displacement). Besides, the dry and wet pixels can be recognized automatically and dynamically in image processing thereby making the SEBTA more sensitive to derive the sensible heat flux for ET estimation. To prove the application potential, the SEBTA was carried out to present the robust estimates of 24 h solar radiation over time, which leads to the smooth simulation of the ET over seasons in northern China where the regional climate and vegetation cover in different seasons compound the ET calculations. The SEBTA was validated by the measured data at the ground level. During validation, it shows that the consistency index reached 0.92 and the correlation coefficient was 0.87. C1 [Liu, C. S.; Gao, W.] E China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China. [Gao, Z. Q.] Chinese Acad Sci, LREIS Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Gao, Z. Q.; Gao, W.] Colorado State Univ, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Gao, Z. Q.; Gao, W.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ctr Remote Sensing & Modeling Agr Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Chang, N. -B.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Liu, CS (reprint author), E China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China. EM csliu@re.ecnu.edu.cn RI Gao, Wei/O-1208-2013; Gao, Wei/C-1430-2016 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41071278]; National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2010CB951603]; Shanghai Science and Technology Support Program - Special for EXPO [10DZ0581600]; USDA NIFA [2010-34263-21075] FX The author are grateful for the support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (41071278), National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (2010CB951603), Shanghai Science and Technology Support Program - Special for EXPO (Grant No. 10DZ0581600) and USDA NIFA project (2010-34263-21075). NR 63 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 43 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2011 VL 15 IS 1 BP 119 EP 139 DI 10.5194/hess-15-119-2011 PG 21 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 713GP UT WOS:000286723600010 ER PT J AU Anderson, MC Kustas, WP Norman, JM Hain, CR Mecikalski, JR Schultz, L Gonzalez-Dugo, MP Cammalleri, C d'Urso, G Pimstein, A Gao, F AF Anderson, M. C. Kustas, W. P. Norman, J. M. Hain, C. R. Mecikalski, J. R. Schultz, L. Gonzalez-Dugo, M. P. Cammalleri, C. d'Urso, G. Pimstein, A. Gao, F. TI Mapping daily evapotranspiration at field to continental scales using geostationary and polar orbiting satellite imagery SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-ENERGY FLUXES; LAND EXCHANGE MODEL; RADIOMETRIC TEMPERATURE; VEGETATION INDEX; 2-SOURCE MODEL; HEAT-FLUX; BALANCE; SYSTEM; WATER; LANDSCAPE AB Thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing of land-surface temperature (LST) provides valuable information about the sub-surface moisture status required for estimating evapotranspiration (ET) and detecting the onset and severity of drought. While empirical indices measuring anomalies in LST and vegetation amount (e.g., as quantified by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; NDVI) have demonstrated utility in monitoring ET and drought conditions over large areas, they may provide ambiguous results when other factors (e.g., air temperature, advection) are affecting plant functioning. A more physically based interpretation of LST and NDVI and their relationship to subsurface moisture conditions can be obtained with a surface energy balance model driven by TIR remote sensing. The Atmosphere-Land Exchange Inverse (ALEXI) model is a multi-sensor TIR approach to ET mapping, coupling a two-source (soil + canopy) land-surface model with an atmospheric boundary layer model in time-differencing mode to routinely and robustly map daily fluxes at continental scales and 5 to 10-km resolution using thermal band imagery and insolation estimates from geostationary satellites. A related algorithm (DisALEXI) spatially disaggregates ALEXI fluxes down to finer spatial scales using moderate resolution TIR imagery from polar orbiting satellites. An overview of this modeling approach is presented, along with strategies for fusing information from multiple satellite platforms and wavebands to map daily ET down to resolutions on the order of 10 m. The ALEXI/DisALEXI model has potential for global applications by integrating data from multiple geostationary meteorological satellite systems, such as the US Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites, the European Meteosat satellites, the Chinese Fen-yung 2B series, and the Japanese Geostationary Meteorological Satellites. Work is underway to further evaluate multi-scale ALEXI implementations over the US, Europe, Africa and other continents with geostationary satellite coverage. C1 [Anderson, M. C.; Kustas, W. P.] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Norman, J. M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Soil Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hain, C. R.] NOAA, IM Syst Grp, NESDIS, Camp Springs, MD USA. [Mecikalski, J. R.; Schultz, L.] Univ Alabama, Dept Atmospher Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Gonzalez-Dugo, M. P.] IFAPA Andalusian Agr & Fisheries Dept, Cordoba, Spain. [Cammalleri, C.] Univ Palermo, Dept Civil Environ & Aerosp Eng, Palermo, Italy. [d'Urso, G.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Agr Engn & Agron, Naples, Italy. [Pimstein, A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Fruit Prod & Enol, Santiago, Chile. [Gao, F.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Gao, F.] Earth Resources Technol Inc, Laurel, MD USA. RP Anderson, MC (reprint author), USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM martha.anderson@ars.usda.gov RI Cammalleri, Carmelo/B-4227-2010; Hain, Christopher/G-3512-2012; Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015; Gonzalez-Dugo, Maria P./J-4157-2012; OI Hain, Christopher/0000-0002-0093-6816; Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525; Gonzalez-Dugo, Maria P./0000-0003-0423-8246; D'Urso, Guido/0000-0002-0251-4668 NR 61 TC 111 Z9 112 U1 4 U2 75 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2011 VL 15 IS 1 BP 223 EP 239 DI 10.5194/hess-15-223-2011 PG 17 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 713GP UT WOS:000286723600018 ER PT J AU Miralles, DG Holmes, TRH De Jeu, RAM Gash, JH Meesters, AGCA Dolman, AJ AF Miralles, D. G. Holmes, T. R. H. De Jeu, R. A. M. Gash, J. H. Meesters, A. G. C. A. Dolman, A. J. TI Global land-surface evaporation estimated from satellite-based observations SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE FLUXES; SCOTS PINE FOREST; SOIL HEAT-FLUX; PRECIPITATION PRODUCTS; PASSIVE MICROWAVE; DECIDUOUS FOREST; NET-RADIATION; CO2 EXCHANGE; WATER; MOISTURE AB This paper outlines a new strategy to derive evaporation from satellite observations. The approach uses a variety of satellite-sensor products to estimate daily evaporation at a global scale and 0.25 degree spatial resolution. Central to this methodology is the use of the Priestley and Taylor (PT) evaporation model. The minimalistic PT equation combines a small number of inputs, the majority of which can be detected from space. This reduces the number of variables that need to be modelled. Key distinguishing features of the approach are the use of microwave-derived soil moisture, land surface temperature and vegetation density, as well as the detailed estimation of rainfall interception loss. The modelled evaporation is validated against one year of eddy covariance measurements from 43 stations. The estimated annual totals correlate well with the stations' annual cumulative evaporation (R = 0.80, N = 43) and present a low average bias (-5%). The validation of the daily time series at each individual station shows good model performance in all vegetation types and climate conditions with an average correlation coefficient of (R) over bar = 0.83, still lower than the (R) over bar = 0.90 found in the validation of the monthly time series. The first global map of annual evaporation developed through this methodology is also presented. C1 [Miralles, D. G.; Holmes, T. R. H.; De Jeu, R. A. M.; Gash, J. H.; Meesters, A. G. C. A.; Dolman, A. J.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Hydrol, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Holmes, T. R. H.] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Miralles, DG (reprint author), Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Hydrol, Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM diego.miralles@falw.vu.nl RI Miralles, Diego/K-8857-2013; Holmes, Thomas/F-4512-2010; OI Miralles, Diego/0000-0001-6186-5751; Holmes, Thomas/0000-0002-4651-0079; Dolman, A.J./0000-0003-0099-0457 FU European Union [036946] FX The work was undertaken as part of the European Union (FP6) funded Integrated Project called WATCH (Contract No. 036946). We thank the SCAN community and the Pis of the Fluxnet sites who allowed us to use their data for the validation of our methodology. NR 89 TC 116 Z9 118 U1 7 U2 68 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2011 VL 15 IS 2 BP 453 EP 469 DI 10.5194/hess-15-453-2011 PG 17 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 727KK UT WOS:000287797500003 ER PT J AU Miralles, DG De Jeu, RAM Gash, JH Holmes, TRH Dolman, AJ AF Miralles, D. G. De Jeu, R. A. M. Gash, J. H. Holmes, T. R. H. Dolman, A. J. TI Magnitude and variability of land evaporation and its components at the global scale SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PRECIPITATION PRODUCTS; PASSIVE MICROWAVE; SATELLITE; SURFACE; MODEL; WATER; INTERCEPTION; VALIDATION; RESOLUTION; FORESTS AB A process-based methodology is applied to estimate land-surface evaporation from multi-satellite information. GLEAM (Global Land-surface Evaporation: the Amsterdam Methodology) combines a wide range of remotely-sensed observations to derive daily actual evaporation and its different components. Soil water stress conditions are defined from a root-zone profile of soil moisture and used to estimate transpiration based on a Priestley and Taylor equation. The methodology also derives evaporationfrom bare soil and snow sublimation. Tall vegetation rainfall interception is independently estimated by means of the Gash analytical model. Here, GLEAM is applied daily, at global scale and a quarter degree resolution. Triple collocation is used to calculate the error structure of the evaporation estimates and test the relative merits of two different precipitation inputs. The spatial distribution of evaporation - and its different components - is analysed to understand the relative importance of each component over different ecosystems. Annual land evaporation is estimated as 67.9 x 10(3) km(3), 80% corresponding to transpiration, 11% to interception loss, 7% to bare soil evaporation and 2% snow sublimation. Results show that rainfall interception plays an important role in the partition of precipitation into evaporation and water available for runoff at a continental scale. This study gives insights into the relative importance of precipitation and net radiation in driving evaporation, and how the seasonal influence of these controls varies over different regions. Precipitation is recognised as an important factor driving evaporation, not only in areas that have limited soil water availability, but also in areas of high rainfall interception and low available energy. C1 [Miralles, D. G.; De Jeu, R. A. M.; Gash, J. H.; Holmes, T. R. H.; Dolman, A. J.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Hydrol, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Holmes, T. R. H.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Miralles, DG (reprint author), Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Hydrol, Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM diego.miralles@falw.vu.nl RI Miralles, Diego/K-8857-2013; Holmes, Thomas/F-4512-2010; OI Miralles, Diego/0000-0001-6186-5751; Holmes, Thomas/0000-0002-4651-0079; Dolman, A.J./0000-0003-0099-0457 FU European Union [036946] FX The work was undertaken as part of the European Union (FP6) funded Integrated Project called WATCH (Contract No. 036946). The data used in the validation of the P - E estimates was provided by the Global Runoff Data Centre, 56068 Koblenz, Germany. We would like to thank A. J. Teuling for his feedback on the application of the technique explained in Teuling et al. (2010) and his valuable comments. We also thank C. Jimenez for his detailed review, and R. H. Reichle and J. Sheffield for providing the datasets used in the triple collocation study. NR 51 TC 62 Z9 65 U1 3 U2 42 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2011 VL 15 IS 3 BP 967 EP 981 DI 10.5194/hess-15-967-2011 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 743BL UT WOS:000288990400021 ER PT J AU Dorigo, WA Wagner, W Hohensinn, R Hahn, S Paulik, C Xaver, A Gruber, A Drusch, M Mecklenburg, S van Oevelen, P Robock, A Jackson, T AF Dorigo, W. A. Wagner, W. Hohensinn, R. Hahn, S. Paulik, C. Xaver, A. Gruber, A. Drusch, M. Mecklenburg, S. van Oevelen, P. Robock, A. Jackson, T. TI The International Soil Moisture Network: a data hosting facility for global in situ soil moisture measurements SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ANTECEDENT WETNESS CONDITIONS; INTEGRATED FORECAST SYSTEM; ERS SCATTEROMETER DATA; LAND-SURFACE; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; TEMPORAL STABILITY; UNITED-STATES; SCANNING RADIOMETER; SOUTHWESTERN FRANCE; DATA ASSIMILATION AB In situ measurements of soil moisture are invaluable for calibrating and validating land surface models and satellite-based soil moisture retrievals. In addition, long-term time series of in situ soil moisture measurements themselves can reveal trends in the water cycle related to climate or land cover change. Nevertheless, on a worldwide basis the number of meteorological networks and stations measuring soil moisture, in particular on a continuous basis, is still limited and the data they provide lack standardization of technique and protocol. To overcome many of these limitations, the International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN; http://www.ipf.tuwien.ac.at/insitu) was initiated to serve as a centralized data hosting facility where globally available in situ soil moisture measurements from operational networks and validation campaigns are collected, harmonized, and made available to users. Data collecting networks share their soil moisture datasets with the ISMN on a voluntary and no-cost basis. Incoming soil moisture data are automatically transformed into common volumetric soil moisture units and checked for outliers and implausible values. Apart from soil water measurements from different depths, important metadata and meteorological variables (e. g., precipitation and soil temperature) are stored in the database. These will assist the user in correctly interpreting the soil moisture data. The database is queried through a graphical user interface while output of data selected for download is provided according to common standards for data and metadata. Currently (status May 2011), the ISMN contains data of 19 networks and more than 500 stations located in North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia. The time period spanned by the entire database runs from 1952 until the present, although most datasets have originated during the last decade. The database is rapidly expanding, which means that both the number of stations and the time period covered by the existing stations are still growing. Hence, it will become an increasingly important resource for validating and improving satellite-derived soil moisture products and studying climate related trends. As the ISMN is animated by the scientific community itself, we invite potential networks to enrich the collection by sharing their in situ soil moisture data. C1 [Dorigo, W. A.; Wagner, W.; Hohensinn, R.; Hahn, S.; Paulik, C.; Xaver, A.; Gruber, A.] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing IPF, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Drusch, M.] European Space Agcy, ESTEC, Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Mecklenburg, S.] European Space Agcy, ESRIN, Frascati, Italy. [van Oevelen, P.] Int GEWEX Project Off, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Robock, A.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Jackson, T.] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Dorigo, WA (reprint author), Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing IPF, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. EM wd@ipf.tuwien.ac.at RI Robock, Alan/B-6385-2016; OI Dorigo, Wouter/0000-0001-8054-7572; Paulik, Christoph/0000-0002-4231-7933; Wagner, Wolfgang/0000-0001-7704-6857; Robock, Alan/0000-0002-6319-5656 FU SMOS Soil Moisture Network Study (ESA ESTEC) [22954/09]; SMOS Soil Moisture Network Study - Operational Phase (ESA ESTEC) [4000102722/10]; NASA [NNX09AJ99G] FX We greatly thank all data providers that kindly shared their data with the ISMN: Thierry Pellarin (AMMA), Loredana Marsica and Luca Brocca (CALABRIA), Matteo Gentilella and Giovanni Battista Chirico (CAMPANIA), Konstantin Vinnikov and Thomas Collow (CHINA, IOWA, MONGOLIA, RUSWET-AGRO, RUSWET-GRASS, and RUSWET-VALDAI), Luca Brocca (CNR-IRPI), Matias Takala, Hanne Suokanerva, Jouni Pullianen, Jarkko Koskinen (FMI), Bob Scott (ICN), Udo Rummel (MOL-RAO), Jeffrey Walker and Christoph Rudiger (OZNET), Jose Martinez Fernandez (REMEDHUS), Jean-Christophe Calvet (SMOSMANIA), Bogusaw Usowicz, Jerzy Usowicz, and Wojciech Marczewski (SWEX_Poland), Florian Schlenz, Johanna dall'Amico, Alexander Loew, Wolfram Mauser (UDC_SMOS), Vittorio Marletto and Marco Bittelli (UMSUOL). Without their valuable contributions this initiative would not have been possible in the first place. The ISMN has been funded through the SMOS Soil Moisture Network Study (ESA ESTEC Contract No. 22954/09) and the SMOS Soil Moisture Network Study - Operational Phase (ESA ESTEC Contract No. 4000102722/10). Alan Robock is supported by NASA grant NNX09AJ99G. We greatly acknowledge the editor and the reviewers whose valuable comments and remarks substantially helped to improve the manuscript. NR 120 TC 223 Z9 225 U1 5 U2 75 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2011 VL 15 IS 5 BP 1675 EP 1698 DI 10.5194/hess-15-1675-2011 PG 24 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 770LS UT WOS:000291088600023 ER PT J AU Parinussa, RM Holmes, TRH Yilmaz, MT Crow, WT AF Parinussa, R. M. Holmes, T. R. H. Yilmaz, M. T. Crow, W. T. TI The impact of land surface temperature on soil moisture anomaly detection from passive microwave observations SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID VEGETATION OPTICAL DEPTH; PRODUCTS; SCATTEROMETERS; PERFORMANCE; VALIDATION; RADIOMETER; ASCAT AB For several years passive microwave observations have been used to retrieve soil moisture from the Earth's surface. Low frequency observations have the most sensitivity to soil moisture, therefore the current Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) and future Soil Moisture Active and Passive (SMAP) satellite missions observe the Earth's surface in the L-band frequency. In the past, several satellite sensors such as the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS (AMSR-E) and WindSat have been used to retrieve surface soil moisture using multi-channel observations obtained at higher microwave frequencies. While AMSR-E and WindSat lack an L-band channel, they are able to leverage multi-channel microwave observations to estimate additional land surface parameters. In particular, the availability of Ka-band observations allows AMSR-E and WindSat to obtain coincident surface temperature estimates required for the retrieval of surface soil moisture. In contrast, SMOS and SMAP carry only a single frequency radiometer and therefore lack an instrument suited to estimate the physical temperature of the Earth. Instead, soil moisture algorithms from these new generation satellites rely on ancillary sources of surface temperature (e. g. re-analysis or near real time data from weather prediction centres). A consequence of relying on such ancillary data is the need for temporal and spatial interpolation, which may introduce uncertainties. Here, two newly-developed, large-scale soil moisture evaluation techniques, the triple collocation (TC) approach and the R-value data assimilation approach, are applied to quantify the global-scale impact of replacing Ka-band based surface temperature retrievals with Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) surface temperature output on the accuracy of WindSat and AMSR-E based surface soil moisture retrievals. Results demonstrate that under sparsely vegetated conditions, the use of MERRA land surface temperature instead of Ka-band radiometric land surface temperature leads to a relative decrease in skill (on average 9.7 %) of soil moisture anomaly estimates. However the situation is reversed for highly vegetated conditions where soil moisture anomaly estimates show a relative increase in skill (on average 13.7 %) when using MERRA land surface temperature. In addition, a pre-processing technique to shift phase of the modelled surface temperature is shown to generally enhance the value of MERRA surface temperature estimates for soil moisture retrieval. Finally, a very high correlation (R-2 = 0.95) and consistency between the two evaluation techniques lends further credibility to the obtained results. C1 [Parinussa, R. M.; Holmes, T. R. H.; Yilmaz, M. T.; Crow, W. T.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Parinussa, R. M.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Earth & Life Sci, Dept Hydrol & Geoenvironm Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Parinussa, RM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. EM robert.parinussa@falw.vu.nl RI Holmes, Thomas/F-4512-2010 OI Holmes, Thomas/0000-0002-4651-0079 FU NASA FX This research was NASA-supported through Wade Crow's membership on the NASA SMAP mission science definition team. NR 41 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 19 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2011 VL 15 IS 10 BP 3135 EP 3151 DI 10.5194/hess-15-3135-2011 PG 17 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 844KH UT WOS:000296745600010 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Wei, H Nearing, MA AF Zhang, Y. Wei, H. Nearing, M. A. TI Effects of antecedent soil moisture on runoff modeling in small semiarid watersheds of southeastern Arizona SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID WETNESS CONDITIONS; SIMULATION; RAINFALL; EROSION; PRECIPITATION; INFILTRATION; SENSITIVITY; GENERATION; CATCHMENT; PATTERNS AB This study presents unique data on the effects of antecedent soil moisture on runoff generation in a semi-arid environment, with implications for process-based modeling of runoff. The data were collected from four small watersheds measured continuously from 2002 through 2010 in an environment where evapo-transpiration approaches 100% of the infiltrated water on the hillslopes. Storm events were generally intense and of short duration, and antecedent volumetric moisture conditions were dry, with an average in the upper 5 cm soil layer over the nine year period of 8% and a standard deviation of 3 %. Sensitivity analysis of the model showed an average of 0.05 mm change in runoff for each 1% change in soil moisture, indicating an approximate 0.15 mm average variation in runoff accounted for by the 3% standard deviation of measured antecedent soil moisture. This compared to a standard deviation of 4.7 mm in the runoff depths for the measured events. Thus the low variability of soil moisture in this environment accounts for a relative lack of importance of storm antecedent soil moisture for modeling the runoff. Runoff characteristics simulated with a nine year average of antecedent soil moisture were statistically identical to those simulated with measured antecedent soil moisture, indicating that long term average antecedent soil moisture could be used as a substitute for measured antecedent soil moisture for runoff modeling of these watersheds. We also found no significant correlations between measured runoff ratio and antecedent soil moisture in any of the four watersheds. C1 [Nearing, M. A.] ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Zhang, Y.] Beijing Forestry Univ, Coll Soil & Water Conservat, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wei, H.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Nearing, MA (reprint author), ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM mark.nearing@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 18 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2011 VL 15 IS 10 BP 3171 EP 3179 DI 10.5194/hess-15-3171-2011 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 844KH UT WOS:000296745600012 ER PT S AU Hollingsworth, RG AF Hollingsworth, R. G. BE Benkeblia, N TI Insect Pest Management of Tropical versus Temperate Crops; Patterns of Similarities and Differences in Approach SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TROPICAL HORTICULTURE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Tropical Horticulture CY NOV 22-26, 2010 CL Kingston, JAMAICA SP Int Soc Hort Sci (ISHS) DE IPM; IPM tactics; pest management; tropics; tropical versus temperate ID COFFEE BERRY BORER; COLEOPTERA AB In temperate areas of the world, the population dynamics of insect pests, their natural enemies and the plants on which pests depend are heavily influenced by the occurrence of a cold winter. This winter season is followed by the sudden availability of large crop monocultures, and the synchronous crop cycles are closely followed by synchronous pest development. This situation allows many pests to escape natural control for a time, even when managed intentionally for the enhancement of natural mortality factors. In contrast, population swings of tropical pests and their natural enemies are muted, particularly in areas where plant host material as well as moderate temperatures and rainfall persist throughout the year. For this reason and others, it can be argued that biological control methods are simpler to implement in tropical versus temperate agro-ecosystems. Integrated pest management, or IPM, can be defined as the employment of a combination of pest control tactics which work together to achieve satisfactory and sustainable pest control. Case studies of successful IPM programs in the tropics show that biological and cultural control tactics are those most frequently credited for the success. Therefore many opportunities exist in the tropics for achieving natural pest control through cultural control methods (e. g. use of trap crops, companion plantings, and the development of permaculture systems), as well as introductions of natural enemies from abroad. C1 USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Hollingsworth, RG (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM robert.hollingsworth@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 13 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-66050-67-9 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2011 VL 894 BP 45 EP 56 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BGR07 UT WOS:000323843600003 ER PT J AU Dute, RR Elder, T AF Dute, Roland R. Elder, Thomas TI ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY OF TORUS-BEARING PIT MEMBRANES SO IAWA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE AFM; atomic force microscope; Cercocarpus; Osmanthus; Pinus; Ulmus; pit membrane; torus ID SCANNING-ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; BORDERED PIT; CELLULOSE MICROFIBRILS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; SECONDARY XYLEM; CELL-WALLS; WOOD; OLEACEAE; ULMUS; ULTRASTRUCTURE AB Atomic force microscopy was used to compare the structures of dried, torus-bearing pit membranes from four woody species, three angiosperms and one gymnosperm. Tori of Osmanthus armatus are bipartite consisting of a pustular zone overlying parallel sets of microfibrils that form a peripheral corona. Microfibrils of the corona form radial spokes as they traverse the margo. Margo microfibrils are loosely packed thus facilitating passage of water molecules. The pustular layer is removed by acidified sodium chlorite. Tori of Cercocarpus montanus also have a pustular surface, but lack a corona. Tori of Pinus taeda have a finely granular to amorphous torus matrix. Ulmus alata tori have microfibrils traversing the surface. The atomic force microscope proves itself a useful tool for high resolution study of pit membranes with only minimal specimen preparation. C1 [Dute, Roland R.] Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Elder, Thomas] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Dute, RR (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Life Sci Bldg, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM duterol@auburn.edu FU Auburn University; Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station FX We thank Auburn University for providing sabbatical funding to the senior author and Dr. Elizabeth Elder for providing greenhouse space at Louisiana State University at Alexandria. Thanks also to Dr. Thomas Pesacreta for his willingness to aid our attempts at visualization of hydrated membranes and to the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station for support. NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU INT ASSOC WOOD ANATOMISTS PI LEIDEN PA RIJKSHERBARIUM, PO BOX 9514, 2300 LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-1541 J9 IAWA J JI IAWA J. PY 2011 VL 32 IS 4 BP 415 EP 430 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 856QU UT WOS:000297659300002 ER PT S AU Nelson, SO Trabelsi, S AF Nelson, Stuart O. Trabelsi, Samir GP IEEE TI Use of Grain and Seed Dielectric Properties for Moisture Measurement SO IEEE SOUTHEASTCON 2011: BUILDING GLOBAL ENGINEERS SE IEEE SoutheastCon-Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE SoutheastCon 2011 - Building Global Engineers CY MAR 17-20, 2011 CL Tennessee State Univ, Nashville, TN SP Vanderbilt Univ, Tennessee Technol Univ, IEEE Cent Tennessee Sect, IEEE Reg 3, IEEE Tennessee Council, ARM, IEEE HO Tennessee State Univ ID DENT FIELD CORN; BULK-DENSITY; PARTICULATE MATERIALS; GRANULAR-MATERIALS; MICROWAVE MEASUREMENTS; CEREAL-GRAINS; WHEAT; DEPENDENCE; PERMITTIVITY; PARAMETERS AB The importance of moisture measurement in grain and seed is discussed, and a brief history of the development of moisture sensing instruments, based on sensing electrical properties of these materials, is presented. Data are presented graphically on the permittivities or dielectric properties of grain and seed showing their variation with frequency, moisture content, temperature, and bulk density, and references are cited for further information. More recent developments on microwave measurements for moisture content and bulk density sensing are briefly described, and numerous studies are cited providing sources of information on these techniques. C1 [Nelson, Stuart O.; Trabelsi, Samir] ARS, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Nelson, SO (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Athens, GA USA. EM stuart.nelson@ars.usda.gov; samir.trabelsi@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1091-0050 BN 978-1-61284-738-2 J9 IEEE SOUTHEASTCON PY 2011 BP 201 EP 206 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BWX35 UT WOS:000295256200040 ER PT S AU McCollum, G Stange, R Albrecht, U Bowman, K Niedz, R Stover, E AF McCollum, G. Stange, R. Albrecht, U. Bowman, K. Niedz, R. Stover, E. BE Gentile, A LaMalfa, S TI Development of a qPCR Technique to Screen for Resistance to Asiatic Citrus Canker SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CITRUS BIOTECHNOLOGY SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Citrus Biotechnology CY NOV 30-DEC 02, 2009 CL Catania, ITALY SP Int Soc Hort Sci (ISHS) DE Xanthomonas citri subsp citri; canker; quarantine; pthA; quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction; qPCR ID AXONOPODIS PV. CITRI; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; XANTHOMONAS-CAMPESTRIS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; HYBRIDS; ENUMERATION; DIAGNOSIS; MESOPHYLL; DISEASE; FRUITS AB Asiatic citrus canker (ACC) (causal organism Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc)) threatens sustainability of the Florida citrus industry. Resistant cultivars, whether developed through conventional breeding or genetic transformation, will be the best solution for managing ACC. In Florida, prior to 2006, regulatory constraints made experiments with Xcc very difficult to conduct. We initiated experiments to develop a method for screening large numbers of plants within the constraints imposed by the Citrus Canker Eradication Program (CCEP) in Florida. We have used quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to quantify Xcc in plant tissue and found results to be highly correlated with plate count data. qPCR is much more efficient than plate counting for enumeration of bacteria. This is particularly advantageous when restrictions imposed by quarantine make dilution plating impractical. In addition, the high specificity of qPCR overcomes problems associated with plating plant extracts which often contain a variety of microbes. qPCR evaluations have revealed several aspects of the citrus/Xcc pathosystem. For example, Xcc growth is more rapid in leaves of grapefruit than in kumquat, suggesting that kumquat resistance to Xcc may occur prior to hypersensitivity. Results with detached leaves were less clear than with attached leaves, most likely due to disruption of the vascular tissue in detached leaves. One disadvantage of the qPCR method is that dead cells cannot be distinguished from live cells. Cessation of the CCEP in Florida has resulted in relaxed restrictions on work with Xcc, allowing us to conduct some limited screening utilizing whole plant spray inoculation of citrus hybrids and transgenics developed in our citrus improvement program. C1 [McCollum, G.; Stange, R.; Albrecht, U.; Bowman, K.; Niedz, R.; Stover, E.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP McCollum, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-743-2 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2011 VL 892 BP 173 EP 181 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BGQ96 UT WOS:000323833600021 ER PT S AU Yokomi, RK Saponari, M Vidalakis, G AF Yokomi, R. K. Saponari, M. Vidalakis, G. BE Gentile, A LaMalfa, S TI Molecular Analysis among MCA13-Reactive Isolates Reveals a Rapid Strategy for Assessment of Citrus Tristeza Virus Severity SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CITRUS BIOTECHNOLOGY SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Citrus Biotechnology CY NOV 30-DEC 02, 2009 CL Catania, ITALY SP Int Soc Hort Sci (ISHS) DE Direct tissue blot immunosorbent assay; MCA13; real-time RT-PCR ID CENTRAL CALIFORNIA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; CTV; DIFFERENTIATION; STRAINS AB Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) usually occurs as a complex of strains that vary greatly in severity and aphid transmissibility. A rapid assay, therefore, is needed to distinguish potentially mild vs. severe strains of CTV for disease mitigation. An economical and practical strategy to screen for potential severe CTV strains was developed using a two-step system. Step 1 was to screen all samples with serology using a broad-spectrum and the strain-discriminating MCA13 monoclonal antibody. Step 2 was to test MCA13-reactive isolates with reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays using three CTV strain-specific TaqMan (R) probes. This allowed categorizing MCA13-reactive isolates into at least three distinct CTV genotype groups which included potentially severe strains associated with VT, T3 or T36 genotypes vs. a non-standard T36 (T36-NS) genotype associated with a mild phenotype. This assay could be used to find trees infected with VT or T3 genotypes which could be targeted for eradication or CTV management programs and/or further genetic characterization or biocharacterization in citrus plant indicators. C1 [Yokomi, R. K.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA USA. RP Yokomi, RK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA USA. OI SAPONARI, MARIA/0000-0001-9195-4624 NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-743-2 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2011 VL 892 BP 251 EP 256 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BGQ96 UT WOS:000323833600029 ER PT S AU Roh, MS AF Roh, M. S. BE Grassotti, A Burchi, G TI Controlled Flowering in the Genus Lilium - Review of the Past Achievements and the Future Direction of Research SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE GENUS LILIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on the Genus Lilium CY AUG 30-SEP 03, 2010 CL Pescia, ITALY SP Int Soc Hort Sci (ISHS) DE hybrid lilies; dormancy; maturity; controlled flowering; new production technique; prospects and limitation ID CV NELLIE WHITE; BULB VERNALIZATION; LONGIFLORUM-THUNB; HYBRID LILIES; MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; SHOOT PHOTOPERIOD; X FORMOLONGI; TEMPERATURE; GROWTH AB Many new cultivars of Lilium longiflorum, L. xelegans (Asiatic hybrid lily), and many hybrid lilies have been introduced in recent years. In the past 10-15 years, interspecific hybrids of L. longiflorum x L. xelegans (LA hybrids), L. longiflorum x Oriental lilies (LO hybrids), and Oriental lilies x Trumpet lilies (OT hybrids) were also introduced. LA hybrid lilies are available in many colors and forms and are now gradually replacing the Easter lily in the US as they are forced year-round. Growth and flowering of the Easter lily and Asiatic hybrid lilies, as influenced by temperature and photoperiod, has been investigated in detail. Information on the physiology of bulb development, controlled flowering, and timing for the Easter, and to certain extent for the Asiatic hybrid lily is readily available. However, LA, LO, and OT hybrids are generally forced following bulb vernalization. Available information on bulb dormancy, maturity, and requirements for temperature and photoperiod involved in growth, forcing, and flowering obtained in the Easter lily will be reviewed. Can breeding efforts provide new cultivars (a) that do not require temperature and photoperiod treatment for flowering - temperature and photoperiod neutral characters, (b) that produce stem bulbils that can be forced to flower without involving the bulb production phase, (c) that produce flowers from small scales, seeds or bulbs, (d) that can flower under a low light intensity, or (e) that can combine lines obtained from classical breeding and genetic engineering to create disease and insects resistant lines, particularly in the L. longiflorum? The feasibility of accomplishing objectives of producing high quality and disease-free hybrid lilies in one year from propagation will be discussed. C1 ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Roh, MS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 58 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-66052-29-1 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2011 VL 900 BP 189 EP 203 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BDV06 UT WOS:000315052600023 ER PT S AU Barnes, J Whipker, BE McCall, I Frantz, J AF Barnes, J. Whipker, B. E. McCall, I. Frantz, J. BE Grassotti, A Burchi, G TI Characterization of Nutrient Disorders of Lilium longiflorum 'Nellie White' and Lilium Hybrid 'Brunello' SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE GENUS LILIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on the Genus Lilium CY AUG 30-SEP 03, 2010 CL Pescia, ITALY SP Int Soc Hort Sci (ISHS) DE Easter lily; hybrid lily; macronutrients; micronutrients; deficiency; toxicity AB Lilium longiflorum 'Nellie White' and Lilium hybrid 'Brunello' plants were grown in silica sand culture to induce and photograph symptoms of nutritional disorders. Plants were grown with a complete modified Hoagland's all nitrate solution: (macronutrients in mM) 15 NO3-N, 1.0 PO4-P, 6.0 K, 5.0 Ca, 2.0 Mg, and 2.0 (S)O4-S, plus mu M concentrations of micronutrients, 72 Fe, 18 Mn, 3 Cu, 3 Zn, 45 B, and 0.1 Mo. The treatments causing nutrient deficiency symptoms were induced with a complete nutrient formula minus one of the nutrients. Boron toxicity was also induced by increasing the element 10x higher than the complete nutrient formula. Reagent grade chemicals and deionized water of 18-mega ohms purity were used to formulate treatment solutions. The solution drained from the bottom of the pot was captured for reuse. A complete replacement of nutrient solutions was done weekly. Plants were monitored daily to document and photograph sequential series of symptoms as they developed. Typical symptomology of nutrient disorders and critical tissue concentrations are presented. Symptoms of nitrogen, sulfur, boron, and iron deficiencies and boron toxicity were the first disorders documented in lilies, and these disorders may be a more likely problem encountered by a grower. C1 [Barnes, J.; Whipker, B. E.; McCall, I.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Frantz, J.] USDA ARS ATRU, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Barnes, J (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. FU USDA- ARS and the Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative FX We are grateful for the funding support provided by USDA- ARS and the Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-66052-29-1 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2011 VL 900 BP 205 EP 211 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BDV06 UT WOS:000315052600024 ER PT S AU Hwang, SA Lee, PO Choi, MP Lee, HS Lee, JS Roh, MS AF Hwang, Sun Ae Lee, Pook Ok Choi, Mok Pil Lee, Hee Su Lee, Jong Suk Roh, M. S. BE Grassotti, A Burchi, G TI Flower Bud Abscission Triggered by the Anther in the Asiatic Hybrid LiliesAnther SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE GENUS LILIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on the Genus Lilium CY AUG 30-SEP 03, 2010 CL Pescia, ITALY SP Int Soc Hort Sci (ISHS) DE Lilium x elegans Thunb.; physiological disorder; post-production physiology ID FRUIT ABSCISSION; SENESCENCE; ETHYLENE; SUCROSE AB It is not well documented which organ may trigger the onset of tepal or petal senescence and/or flower bud abscission. Asiatic hybrid L. x elegans Thunb., 'Red Carpet' lily flowers were selected as a model to study this relationship because the various floral organs can be easily dissected and collected for physiological studies. We hypothesized that anthers could be a triggering organ inducing flower bud abscission. Ethanol soluble sucrose, fructose, and glucose were analyzed in the tepal, anther, filament, and ovary plus style. The analysis was conducted using flower buds weighing 1.5 and 3.9 g. The sucrose content in the anther of small buds (1.5 g) remained high when a single bud was held at 21 degrees C for 5 days, suggesting that sucrose is not hydrolyzed into fructose and glucose. However, in large buds (3.9 g), sucrose was not detected when flowers were held at 21 degrees C for 5 days. The absence of sucrose hydrolysis in the anther and lack of translocation of sucrose from the filaments to the anther in small buds may be factors that contribute to flower bud abscission in 'Red Carpet' lily. C1 [Hwang, Sun Ae; Lee, Pook Ok; Choi, Mok Pil; Lee, Hee Su; Lee, Jong Suk] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Roh, M. S.] USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants, Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Hwang, SA (reprint author), Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Taejon 305764, South Korea. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-66052-29-1 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2011 VL 900 BP 265 EP 271 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BDV06 UT WOS:000315052600033 ER PT S AU Lawson, RH AF Lawson, R. H. BE Grassotti, A Burchi, G TI Detection, Diagnosis and Control of Lily Diseases SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE GENUS LILIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on the Genus Lilium CY AUG 30-SEP 03, 2010 CL Pescia, ITALY SP Int Soc Hort Sci (ISHS) DE virus; fungus; nematode; bacterial; insect; chemical control ID TULIP-BREAKING-VIRUS; CUCUMBER-MOSAIC-VIRUS; LILIUM-LONGIFLORUM GEORGIA; BOTRYTIS-ELLIPTICA; SYMPTOMLESS VIRUS; MOTTLE-VIRUS; MOLECULAR EVIDENCE; LEAF-BLIGHT; IDENTIFICATION; ALSTROEMERIA AB Diseases are a major threat to the productivity and quality of lily bulb and flower crops wherever they are grown. The extent of pathogen damage depends on the cultivar, quality of the propagation material, efficiency of pathogen transmission and distribution and the growing environment. Improved methods of virus detection using immunoassay and molecular methods have reduced the incidence of the major viruses in planting stock. The use of genetic transformation to produce plants resistant to diseases remains a technological challenge. Fungus disease, including bulb and stem rots can cause significant losses even though chemicals are available to control these diseases in the field and on harvested bulbs. Chlorine dioxide as a gas or as a substitute for formaldehyde in hot water treatments may control the spread of basal rot fungi in bulbs. The use of chemicals combined with improved field sanitation and greater reliability of weather forecasts have greatly decreased losses resulting from foliar pathogens, particularly Botrytis elliptica. Biocontrol of Botrytis has been achieved experimentally but has limited use in practice. Predictive models based on the field elimination of sources of inocula, spatial separation of the crop from primary inocula, and weather forecasts have been important in implementing control measures. Nematodes and mites remain a major problem in bulb production in the field and in bulbs in storage. Modified hot water treatments of harvested bulbs offer promise for improved control of nematodes and mites. Field control of nematodes does, however, remain a major problem in some lily culture. The purpose of this review is to present information on virus and other diseases affecting Asiatic, Oriental and Easter lilies and to identify methods of detection and control. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lawson, RH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 65 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-66052-29-1 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2011 VL 900 BP 313 EP 324 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BDV06 UT WOS:000315052600040 ER PT S AU Handa, AK Nambeesan, S Mengiste, T Laluk, K AbuQamar, S Mattoo, AK AF Handa, A. K. Nambeesan, S. Mengiste, T. Laluk, K. AbuQamar, S. Mattoo, A. K. BE Crescenzi, A TI Polyamine Spermidine Is an Upstream Negator of Ethylene-Regulated Pathogenesis of Botrytis cinerea in Tomato Leaf SO III INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TOMATO DISEASES SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Tomato Diseases CY JUL 25-30, 2010 CL Ischia, ITALY DE spermidine synthase; transgenic; defense genes; necrotrophic fungi; ethylene signaling ID FRUIT AB Polyamines (PAs) are biogenic polycationic compounds implicated in a number of processes including plant cell division, cell elongation, flowering, fruit set and development, fruit ripening, senescence and responses to abiotic stresses. Comparatively, little is known about their role in plant-microbe interactions. To address an involvement of PAs in tomato-pathogen interactions, we developed transgenic tomato lines homozygous for the introduced yeast spermidine synthase (ySpdSyn) gene under the CaMV35S promoter, which accumulated higher levels of spermidine (Spd). These transgenic and wild type control lines were challenged with the fungal pathogen, Botrytis cinerea. Transgenic tomato leaves were found to be more susceptible to B. cinerea compared to the wild type. During B. cinerea-leaf interactions in the transgenic lines, a significant decrease occurred in the transcript levels of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis, such as 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylate (ACC) synthase, and ethylene signaling. In the leaf from transgenic tomato lines, higher susceptibility to B. cinerea was reversed by exogenous application of ACC or difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an inhibitor of PA biosynthesis. The transcript levels of defense genes regulated by salicylic acid or jasmonates were similar between the Spd-transgenic leaves and the wild type. Collectively, these results demonstrate susceptibility of Spd-accumulating plants to the necrotroph B. cinerea, and suggest a role for both ethylene and PAs in B. cinerea-tomato interactions. C1 [Handa, A. K.; Nambeesan, S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Mengiste, T.; Laluk, K.] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [AbuQamar, S.] UAE Univ, Dept Biol, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates. [Mattoo, A. K.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Handa, AK (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-66056-14-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2011 VL 914 BP 109 EP 112 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BDK91 UT WOS:000313622300018 ER PT S AU Keith, L Gonsalves, D AF Keith, L. Gonsalves, D. BE Crescenzi, A TI Identification and Management of Tomato Viruses in Hawaii SO III INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TOMATO DISEASES SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Tomato Diseases CY JUL 25-30, 2010 CL Ischia, ITALY DE PVY; TEV; aphid; integrated pest management (IPM) ID YO AB A recent outbreak in hydroponically grown tomato plants showing virus-like symptoms was observed at a commercial farm on the Island of Hawaii. Samples were collected during 2009-2010 to determine the causal agent. The main symptoms on the tomato plants were mosaic, mottling, necrosis, chlorosis and curling of leaves with occasional stunting. No symptoms were observed on the fruit. Symptoms were associated with the presence of aphids. Samples were tested for multiple viruses by ELISA and nucleic acid hybridization. Preliminary investigations allowed us to establish that observed symptoms were associated with PVY and TEV infection. The incidence of PVY and TEV in leaf samples was 46.4 and 50.0%, respectively. PVY was detected in combination with TEV in over 90% of the samples tested. Four PVY isolates were molecularly characterized by RT-PCR, cloning and sequencing of the NIb and CP gene regions. Integrated pest management strategies for control of viral infections were implemented which helped to contribute to a decrease in disease incidence and severity in the newly transplanted hoophouses. C1 [Keith, L.; Gonsalves, D.] USDA ARS, Hilo, HI USA. RP Keith, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hilo, HI USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-66056-14-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2011 VL 914 BP 171 EP 174 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BDK91 UT WOS:000313622300030 ER PT J AU Brown, P Gipson, C AF Brown, Patricia Gipson, Chester TI Animal Welfare and Scientific Research: 1985 to 2010 October 25, 2010 SO ILAR JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Brown, Patricia] Natl Inst Hlth, Off Lab Anim Welf, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Gipson, Chester] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Brown, P (reprint author), Natl Inst Hlth, Off Lab Anim Welf, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1084-2020 J9 ILAR J JI ILAR J. PY 2011 VL 52 SU S BP 417 EP 418 PG 2 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA V29IO UT WOS:000208742300001 ER PT J AU Goldentyer, B AF Goldentyer, Betty TI Where We Came From SO ILAR JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Goldentyer, B (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1084-2020 J9 ILAR J JI ILAR J. PY 2011 VL 52 SU S BP 423 EP 424 PG 2 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA V29IO UT WOS:000208742300004 ER PT J AU Schwindaman, D Miller, J AF Schwindaman, Dale Miller, John TI Synergy of Working Together SO ILAR JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 [Schwindaman, Dale] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Miller, John] Natl Inst Hlth, Off Protect Res Risks, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1084-2020 J9 ILAR J JI ILAR J. PY 2011 VL 52 SU S BP 469 EP 473 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA V29IO UT WOS:000208742300025 ER PT J AU Charnley, S Hummel, S AF Charnley, Susan Hummel, Susan BE LopezPujol, J TI People, Plants, and Pollinators: The Conservation of Beargrass Ecosystem Diversity in the Western United States SO IMPORTANCE OF BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS IN THE STUDY OF BIODIVERSITY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LOCAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE; XEROPHYLLUM-TENAX; OLYMPIC PENINSULA; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; SPECIES DIVERSITY; FIRE; FOREST; WASHINGTON; MANAGEMENT; MELANTHIACEAE C1 [Charnley, Susan; Hummel, Susan] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Charnley, S (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-751-2 PY 2011 BP 127 EP 154 D2 10.5772/1831 PG 28 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology GA BF9QQ UT WOS:000385800600009 ER PT B AU Epstein, E AF Epstein, Eliot BA Epstein, E BF Epstein, E TI A Prospective SO INDUSTRIAL COMPOSTING: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Epstein, Eliot] Univ Maine, USDA, Res Serv, Orono, ME USA. [Epstein, Eliot] USDA, Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Epstein, Eliot] Water Environm Federat, Residuals Comm, Alexandria, VA USA. [Epstein, Eliot] US EPA Project, Washington, DC USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4532-5; 978-1-4398-4531-8 PY 2011 BP 1 EP 14 D2 10.1201/b10726 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC6XS UT WOS:000354569200002 ER PT B AU Epstein, E AF Epstein, Eliot BA Epstein, E BF Epstein, E TI Basic Concepts of Composting SO INDUSTRIAL COMPOSTING: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Epstein, Eliot] Univ Maine, USDA, Res Serv, Orono, ME USA. [Epstein, Eliot] USDA, Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Epstein, Eliot] Water Environm Federat, Residuals Comm, Alexandria, VA USA. [Epstein, Eliot] US EPA Project, Washington, DC USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4532-5; 978-1-4398-4531-8 PY 2011 BP 15 EP 24 D2 10.1201/b10726 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC6XS UT WOS:000354569200003 ER PT B AU Epstein, E AF Epstein, Eliot BA Epstein, E BF Epstein, E TI INDUSTRIAL COMPOSTING Environmental Engineering and Facilities Management Preface SO INDUSTRIAL COMPOSTING: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Epstein, Eliot] Univ Maine, USDA, Res Serv, Orono, ME USA. [Epstein, Eliot] USDA, Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Epstein, Eliot] Water Environm Federat, Residuals Comm, Alexandria, VA USA. [Epstein, Eliot] US EPA Project, Washington, DC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4532-5; 978-1-4398-4531-8 PY 2011 BP XV EP XVII D2 10.1201/b10726 PG 3 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC6XS UT WOS:000354569200001 ER PT B AU Epstein, E AF Epstein, Eliot BA Epstein, E BF Epstein, E TI The Composting Process SO INDUSTRIAL COMPOSTING: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Epstein, Eliot] Univ Maine, USDA, Res Serv, Orono, ME USA. [Epstein, Eliot] USDA, Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Epstein, Eliot] Water Environm Federat, Residuals Comm, Alexandria, VA USA. [Epstein, Eliot] US EPA Project, Washington, DC USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4532-5; 978-1-4398-4531-8 PY 2011 BP 25 EP 39 D2 10.1201/b10726 PG 15 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC6XS UT WOS:000354569200004 ER PT B AU Epstein, E AF Epstein, Eliot BA Epstein, E BF Epstein, E TI Design and Material, Energy, and Water Balances SO INDUSTRIAL COMPOSTING: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Epstein, Eliot] Univ Maine, USDA, Res Serv, Orono, ME USA. [Epstein, Eliot] USDA, Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Epstein, Eliot] Water Environm Federat, Residuals Comm, Alexandria, VA USA. [Epstein, Eliot] US EPA Project, Washington, DC USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4532-5; 978-1-4398-4531-8 PY 2011 BP 41 EP 60 D2 10.1201/b10726 PG 20 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC6XS UT WOS:000354569200005 ER PT B AU Epstein, E AF Epstein, Eliot BA Epstein, E BF Epstein, E TI Facilities Planning SO INDUSTRIAL COMPOSTING: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Epstein, Eliot] Univ Maine, USDA, Res Serv, Orono, ME USA. [Epstein, Eliot] USDA, Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Epstein, Eliot] Water Environm Federat, Residuals Comm, Alexandria, VA USA. [Epstein, Eliot] US EPA Project, Washington, DC USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4532-5; 978-1-4398-4531-8 PY 2011 BP 61 EP 77 D2 10.1201/b10726 PG 17 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC6XS UT WOS:000354569200006 ER PT B AU Epstein, E AF Epstein, Eliot BA Epstein, E BF Epstein, E TI Composting Technologies and Systems SO INDUSTRIAL COMPOSTING: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Epstein, Eliot] Univ Maine, USDA, Res Serv, Orono, ME USA. [Epstein, Eliot] USDA, Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Epstein, Eliot] Water Environm Federat, Residuals Comm, Alexandria, VA USA. [Epstein, Eliot] US EPA Project, Washington, DC USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4532-5; 978-1-4398-4531-8 PY 2011 BP 79 EP 104 D2 10.1201/b10726 PG 26 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC6XS UT WOS:000354569200007 ER PT B AU Epstein, E AF Epstein, Eliot BA Epstein, E BF Epstein, E TI Facility Design SO INDUSTRIAL COMPOSTING: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Epstein, Eliot] Univ Maine, USDA, Res Serv, Orono, ME USA. [Epstein, Eliot] USDA, Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Epstein, Eliot] Water Environm Federat, Residuals Comm, Alexandria, VA USA. [Epstein, Eliot] US EPA Project, Washington, DC USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4532-5; 978-1-4398-4531-8 PY 2011 BP 105 EP 126 D2 10.1201/b10726 PG 22 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC6XS UT WOS:000354569200008 ER PT B AU Epstein, E AF Epstein, Eliot BA Epstein, E BF Epstein, E TI Economics SO INDUSTRIAL COMPOSTING: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Epstein, Eliot] Univ Maine, USDA, Res Serv, Orono, ME USA. [Epstein, Eliot] USDA, Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Epstein, Eliot] Water Environm Federat, Residuals Comm, Alexandria, VA USA. [Epstein, Eliot] US EPA Project, Washington, DC USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4532-5; 978-1-4398-4531-8 PY 2011 BP 127 EP 139 D2 10.1201/b10726 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC6XS UT WOS:000354569200009 ER PT B AU Epstein, E AF Epstein, Eliot BA Epstein, E BF Epstein, E TI Odor Management Basic Concepts SO INDUSTRIAL COMPOSTING: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID COMPOSTING-FACILITY; HEALTH; EXPOSURE; SYMPTOMS C1 [Epstein, Eliot] Univ Maine, USDA, Res Serv, Orono, ME USA. [Epstein, Eliot] USDA, Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Epstein, Eliot] Water Environm Federat, Residuals Comm, Alexandria, VA USA. [Epstein, Eliot] US EPA Project, Washington, DC USA. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4532-5; 978-1-4398-4531-8 PY 2011 BP 141 EP 174 D2 10.1201/b10726 PG 34 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC6XS UT WOS:000354569200010 ER PT B AU Epstein, E AF Epstein, Eliot BA Epstein, E BF Epstein, E TI Operational Control of Odors SO INDUSTRIAL COMPOSTING: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SYSTEM C1 [Epstein, Eliot] Univ Maine, USDA, Res Serv, Orono, ME USA. [Epstein, Eliot] USDA, Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Epstein, Eliot] Water Environm Federat, Residuals Comm, Alexandria, VA USA. [Epstein, Eliot] US EPA Project, Washington, DC USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4532-5; 978-1-4398-4531-8 PY 2011 BP 175 EP 196 D2 10.1201/b10726 PG 22 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC6XS UT WOS:000354569200011 ER PT B AU Epstein, E AF Epstein, Eliot BA Epstein, E BF Epstein, E TI Odor Control Systems SO INDUSTRIAL COMPOSTING: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOIL BEDS; AIR; MIXTURES; REMOVAL; FILTERS C1 [Epstein, Eliot] Univ Maine, USDA, Res Serv, Orono, ME USA. [Epstein, Eliot] USDA, Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Epstein, Eliot] Water Environm Federat, Residuals Comm, Alexandria, VA USA. [Epstein, Eliot] US EPA Project, Washington, DC USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4532-5; 978-1-4398-4531-8 PY 2011 BP 197 EP 218 D2 10.1201/b10726 PG 22 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC6XS UT WOS:000354569200012 ER PT B AU Epstein, E AF Epstein, Eliot BA Epstein, E BF Epstein, E TI Pathogens SO INDUSTRIAL COMPOSTING: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM; ANIMAL VIRUSES; SOLID-WASTE; DAIRY FARMS; MANURE; HEALTH; INFECTION C1 [Epstein, Eliot] Univ Maine, USDA, Res Serv, Orono, ME USA. [Epstein, Eliot] USDA, Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Epstein, Eliot] Water Environm Federat, Residuals Comm, Alexandria, VA USA. [Epstein, Eliot] US EPA Project, Washington, DC USA. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4532-5; 978-1-4398-4531-8 PY 2011 BP 219 EP 240 D2 10.1201/b10726 PG 22 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC6XS UT WOS:000354569200013 ER PT B AU Epstein, E AF Epstein, Eliot BA Epstein, E BF Epstein, E TI Bioaerosols SO INDUSTRIAL COMPOSTING: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ASPERGILLUS-FUMIGATUS; COMPOSTING FACILITIES; ENDOTOXIN EXPOSURE; AIRBORNE ENDOTOXIN; FUNGUS PREVALENCE; HEALTH; DUST; WORKERS; CANCER; WASTE C1 [Epstein, Eliot] Univ Maine, USDA, Res Serv, Orono, ME USA. [Epstein, Eliot] USDA, Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Epstein, Eliot] Water Environm Federat, Residuals Comm, Alexandria, VA USA. [Epstein, Eliot] US EPA Project, Washington, DC USA. NR 108 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4532-5; 978-1-4398-4531-8 PY 2011 BP 241 EP 265 D2 10.1201/b10726 PG 25 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC6XS UT WOS:000354569200014 ER PT B AU Epstein, E AF Epstein, Eliot BA Epstein, E BF Epstein, E TI Site Management SO INDUSTRIAL COMPOSTING: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Epstein, Eliot] Univ Maine, USDA, Res Serv, Orono, ME USA. [Epstein, Eliot] USDA, Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Epstein, Eliot] Water Environm Federat, Residuals Comm, Alexandria, VA USA. [Epstein, Eliot] US EPA Project, Washington, DC USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4532-5; 978-1-4398-4531-8 PY 2011 BP 267 EP 278 D2 10.1201/b10726 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC6XS UT WOS:000354569200015 ER PT B AU Epstein, E AF Epstein, Eliot BA Epstein, E BF Epstein, E TI Public Relations, Communication, and Regulations SO INDUSTRIAL COMPOSTING: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Epstein, Eliot] Univ Maine, USDA, Res Serv, Orono, ME USA. [Epstein, Eliot] USDA, Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Epstein, Eliot] Water Environm Federat, Residuals Comm, Alexandria, VA USA. [Epstein, Eliot] US EPA Project, Washington, DC USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4532-5; 978-1-4398-4531-8 PY 2011 BP 279 EP 292 D2 10.1201/b10726 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC6XS UT WOS:000354569200016 ER PT B AU Epstein, E AF Epstein, Eliot BA Epstein, E BF Epstein, E TI Product Utilization and Marketing SO INDUSTRIAL COMPOSTING: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND FACILITIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID COMPOSTED SEWAGE-SLUDGE; TREE SEEDLING RESPONSE; MSW COMPOST; BIOSOLIDS COMPOST; TOMATO PRODUCTION; LEAF COMPOST; GROWTH; MEDIA; PLANTS; YIELD C1 [Epstein, Eliot] Univ Maine, USDA, Res Serv, Orono, ME USA. [Epstein, Eliot] USDA, Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Epstein, Eliot] Water Environm Federat, Residuals Comm, Alexandria, VA USA. [Epstein, Eliot] US EPA Project, Washington, DC USA. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4532-5; 978-1-4398-4531-8 PY 2011 BP 293 EP 314 D2 10.1201/b10726 PG 22 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC6XS UT WOS:000354569200017 ER PT J AU Wu, M Huang, HA Zhang, WD Kannan, S Weaver, A Mckibben, M Herington, D Zeng, HW Gao, HW AF Wu, Min Huang, Huang Zhang, Weidong Kannan, Shibichakravarthy Weaver, Andrew Mckibben, Molynda Herington, Danielle Zeng, Huawei Gao, Hongwei TI Host DNA Repair Proteins in Response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Lung Epithelial Cells and in Mice SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; GROUP-B PROTEIN; IN-VIVO; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; OXIDATIVE STRESS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; GENE-PRODUCT AB Although DNA repair proteins in bacteria are critical for pathogens' genome stability and for subverting the host defense, the role of host DNA repair proteins in response to bacterial infection is poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, that infection with the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa significantly altered the expression and enzymatic activity of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) in lung epithelial cells. Downregulation of OGG1 by a small interfering RNA strategy resulted in severe DNA damage and cell death. In addition, acetylation of OGG1 is required for host responses to bacterial genotoxicity, as mutations of OGG1 acetylation sites increased Cockayne syndrome group B (CSB) protein expression. These results also indicate that CSB may be involved in DNA repair activity during infection. Furthermore, OGG1 knockout mice exhibited increased lung injury after infection with P. aeruginosa, as demonstrated by higher myeloperoxidase activity and lipid peroxidation. Together, our studies indicate that P. aeruginosa infection induces significant DNA damage in host cells and that DNA repair proteins play a critical role in the host response to P. aeruginosa infection, serving as promising targets for the treatment of this condition and perhaps more broadly Gram-negative bacterial infections. C1 [Wu, Min; Huang, Huang; Zhang, Weidong; Kannan, Shibichakravarthy; Weaver, Andrew; Mckibben, Molynda; Herington, Danielle] Univ N Dakota, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. [Zeng, Huawei] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND USA. [Gao, Hongwei] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol Perioperat & Pain Med, Ctr Expt Therapeut & Reperfus Injury,Med Sch, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Wu, M (reprint author), Univ N Dakota, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. EM min.wu@med.und.edu OI Kannan, Shibichakravarthy/0000-0002-5389-6272 FU NIH [ES014690]; American Heart Association (National Office); National Key Basic Research Program of China [2006CB504300] FX This work was supported by NIH ES014690 and an American Heart Association Scientist Development Grant (National Office). This work was also supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (973Program 2006CB504300). NR 86 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 79 IS 1 BP 75 EP 87 DI 10.1128/IAI.00815-10 PG 13 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 697WJ UT WOS:000285550200006 PM 20956573 ER PT J AU Webb, KM Rosenthal, BM AF Webb, Kristen M. Rosenthal, Benjamin M. TI Next-generation sequencing of the Trichinella murrelli mitochondrial genome allows comprehensive comparison of its divergence from the principal agent of human trichinellosis, Trichinella spiralis SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Trichinella; T. spiralis; T. murrelli; Next generation sequencing; Mitochondrial genome; Variation ID MUSCLE DISTRIBUTION; DNA; IDENTIFICATION; SYSTEMATICS; NEMATODES; EVOLUTION; GENETICS; WILDLIFE; GENES; TOOLS AB The mitochondrial genome's non-recombinant mode of inheritance and relatively rapid rate of evolution has promoted its use as a marker for studying the biogeographic history and evolutionary interrelationships among many metazoan species. A modest portion of the mitochondrial genome has been defined for 12 species and genotypes of parasites in the genus Trichinella, but its adequacy in representing the mitochondrial genome as a whole remains unclear, as the complete coding sequence has been characterized only for Trichinella spiralis. Here, we sought to comprehensively describe the extent and nature of divergence between the mitochondrial genomes of T. spiralis (which poses the most appreciable zoonotic risk owing to its capacity to establish persistent infections in domestic pigs) and Trichinella murrelli (which is the most prevalent species in North American wildlife hosts, but which poses relatively little risk to the safety of pork). Next generation sequencing methodologies and scaffold and de novo assembly strategies were employed. The entire protein-coding region was sequenced (13,917 bp), along with a portion of the highly repetitive non-coding region (1524 bp) of the mitochondrial genome of T. murrelli with a combined average read depth of 250 reads. The accuracy of base calling, estimated from coding region sequence was found to exceed 99.3%. Genome content and gene order was not found to be significantly different from that of T. spiralis. An overall inter-species sequence divergence of 9.5% was estimated. Significant variation was identified when the amount of variation between species at each gene is compared to the average amount of variation between species across the coding region. Next generation sequencing is a highly effective means to obtain previously unknown mitochondrial genome sequence. Particular to parasites, the extremely deep coverage achieved through this method allows for the detection of sequence heterogeneity between the multiple individuals that necessarily comprise such templates. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Webb, Kristen M.; Rosenthal, Benjamin M.] Agr Res Serv, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Webb, KM (reprint author), Allegheny Coll, Dept Biol, 520 N Main St, Meadville, PA 16335 USA. EM kwebb@allegheny.edu; Benjamin.Rosenthal@ars.usda.gov OI Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773 FU ARS [1265-42000-011] FX KM Webb was supported by the ARS Research Associate Program. This work was funded by ARS project 1265-42000-011, "Molecular Systematics and Comparative Population Genetics of Parasitic Organisms That Threaten Food Safety and Security." We thank Alicia Beavers, Tony Capuco, Chris Clover, Detiger Dunams, Monica Santin-Duran, Steve Schroeder and Tad Sonstegard for support towards the completion of the project. We also thank Dante Zarlenga for providing isolates ISS #35 as well as for thoughtful technical guidance. NR 35 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 11 IS 1 BP 116 EP 123 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2010.10.001 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 711AT UT WOS:000286558800016 PM 20946970 ER PT J AU Ding, F Zarlenga, DS Qin, CF Ren, XF AF Ding, Fan Zarlenga, Dante S. Qin, Chengfeng Ren, Xiaofeng TI A novel algorithm to define infection tendencies in H1N1 cases in Mainland China SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE H1N1; Mathematical model; Grey prediction theory; Infection ID INFLUENZA-A VIRUSES; TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS; SARS; PIGS AB Incidences of H1N1 viral infections in Mainland China are collected by the Ministry of Health, the People's Republic of China. The number of confirmed cases and the timing of these outbreaks from May 13 to July 22, 2009 were obtained and subjected to a novel mathematical model to simulate the infection profile (time vs number). The model was predicated upon the grey prediction theory which allows assignment of future trends using limited numbers of data points. During the period of our analysis, the number of confirmed H1N1 cases in Mainland China increased from 1 to 1772. The efficiency of our model to simulate these data points was evaluated using Sum of squares of error (SSE), Relative standard error (RSE), Mean absolute deviation (MAD) and Average relative error (ARE). Results from these analyses were compared to similar calculations based upon the grey prediction algorithm. Using our equation, defined herein as equation D-R, results showed that SSE = 6742.00, RSE = 10.69, MAD = 7.07, ARE = 2.47% were all consistent with the D-R algorithm performing well in the estimation of future trends of H1N1 cases in Mainland China. Calculations using the grey theory had no predictive value [ARE for GM(1,1) = -104.63%]. To validate this algorithm, we performed a second analysis using new data obtained from cases reported to the WHO and CDC in the US between April 26 and June 8, 2009. In like manner, the model was equally predictive. The success of the D-R mathematical model suggests that it may have broader application to other viral infections among the human population in China and may be modified for application to other regions of the world. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ding, Fan; Ren, Xiaofeng] NE Agr Univ, Microbiol Lab, Dept Vet Prevent Med, Coll Vet Med, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China. [Zarlenga, Dante S.] USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Zarlenga, Dante S.] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Qin, Chengfeng] Beijing Inst Microbiol & Epidemiol, State Key Lab Pathogen & Biosecur, Beijing 100071, Peoples R China. RP Ren, XF (reprint author), NE Agr Univ, Microbiol Lab, Dept Vet Prevent Med, Coll Vet Med, 59 Mucai St, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China. EM rxfemail@yahoo.com.cn OI Qin, Cheng-Feng/0000-0002-0632-2807 FU National 973 Plan of China [2010CB534002]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30700590, 30972195]; Heilongjiang Provincial University [1155-NCET-005]; Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Department, China [ZJN0702-01] FX This work was supported, in part, by the National 973 Plan of China (2010CB534002). We also acknowledge National Natural Science Foundation of China (30700590 and 30972195), Funding supported by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Heilongjiang Provincial University (1155-NCET-005) and Heilongjiang Provincial Science and Technology Department, China (ZJN0702-01). NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 11 IS 1 BP 222 EP 226 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2010.09.015 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 711AT UT WOS:000286558800028 PM 20951840 ER PT J AU Arakane, Y Baguinon, MC Jasrapuria, S Chaudhari, S Doyungan, A Kramer, KJ Muthukrishnan, S Beeman, RW AF Arakane, Yasuyuki Baguinon, Marilyn C. Jasrapuria, Sinu Chaudhari, Sujata Doyungan, Alison Kramer, Karl J. Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam Beeman, Richard W. TI Both UDP N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylases of Tribolium castaneum are critical for molting, survival and fecundity SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tribolium castaneum; UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase chitin; UDP-N-acetylglucosamine; Cuticle; Peritrophic matrix ID CHITIN-SYNTHASE GENES; PERITROPHIC MATRIX; MANDUCA-SEXTA; AEDES-AEGYPTI; GLCNAC; DROSOPHILA; MIDGUT; MORPHOGENESIS; EXPRESSION; ENCODES AB A bioinformatics search of the genome of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, resulted in the identification of two genes encoding proteins closely related to UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylases (UAPs), which provide the activated precursor. UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, for the synthesis of chitin, glycoproteins and glycosylphosphoinositide (GPI) anchors of some membrane proteins as well as for the modification of other substrates. This is in contrast to other arthropods whose genomes have been completely sequenced, all of which have only a single copy of this gene. The two T. castaneum UAP genes, TcUAP1 and TcUAP2, share both nucleotide and amino acid sequence identities of about 60%. RT-PCR analysis revealed that the two genes differ in their developmental and tissue-specific patterns of expression. RNA interference (RNAi) indicated roles for TcUAP1 and TcUAP2 at the molt and intermolt stages, respectively: RNAi for TcUAP1 resulted in specific arrest at the larval-larval, larval-pupal or pupal-adult molts, depending on time of injection of double-stranded RNAs, whereas RNAi for TcUAP2 prevented larval growth or resulted in pupal paralysis. Analysis of elytral cuticle indicated loss of structural integrity and chitin staining after RNAi for TcUAP1, but not after RNAi for TcUAP2. Loss of peritrophic matrix (PM)-associated chitin was also observed following RNAi for TcUAP1, but not after RNAi for TcUAP2. Down-regulation of transcripts for either TcUAP gene at the mature adult stage resulted in cessation of oviposition in females, as well as fat body depletion and eventual death in both sexes. These results demonstrate that both TcUAP genes are critical for beetle development and survival, but that only TcUAP1 is clearly associated with synthesis of cuticular or PM chitin. However, both of these genes appear to have additional critical role(s) unrelated to chitin synthesis, presumably in the glycosylation of proteins and/or secondary metabolites. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kramer, Karl J.; Beeman, Richard W.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Arakane, Yasuyuki] Chonnam Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Div Plant Biotechnol, Kwangju 500757, South Korea. [Arakane, Yasuyuki; Jasrapuria, Sinu; Chaudhari, Sujata; Doyungan, Alison; Kramer, Karl J.; Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Baguinon, Marilyn C.] Kutztown State Univ, Dept Biol, Kutztown, PA 19530 USA. RP Beeman, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM richard.beeman@ars.usda.gov FU NSF [IBN-0316963, IOS-615818] FX We thank Kathy Leonard for beetle husbandry. We thank Dr. Hans Merzendorfer for his critical review of this paper and for valuable suggestions. This project was supported by NSF grants IBN-0316963 and IOS-615818. This is contribution no. 10-273-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 42 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.ibmb.2010.09.011 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 720HA UT WOS:000287270200007 PM 20920581 ER PT J AU Gao, ZF House, LO Gmitter, FG Valim, MF Plotto, A Baldwin, EA AF Gao, Zhifeng House, Lisa O. Gmitter, Fred G., Jr. Valim, M. Filomena Plotto, Anne Baldwin, Elizabeth A. TI Consumer Preferences for Fresh Citrus: Impacts of Demographic and Behavioral Characteristics SO INTERNATIONAL FOOD AND AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Fresh citrus; consumer preference; attitude; cluster analysis; market segmentation ID MARKET SEGMENTS; APPLES; ATTRIBUTES; QUALITY AB In the last twenty years, trends within fresh fruit consumption have shifted from consumption of fresh citrus to non-citrus fresh fruit. Within citrus, consumers are switching from the traditionally dominant fruit, oranges, to tangerines. Using survey results from three cities in the U. S. on consumer preferences for fresh citrus products, we demonstrate that freshness, flavor and appearance are the most important attributes of fresh citrus. Heterogeneous preferences exist among consumers and both demographic and behavioral variables have significant impacts on preferences. Results indicate there are no dominant best predictors of consumer preferences. However, it appears there is potential to develop specific marketing strategies based on demographics. C1 [Gao, Zhifeng; House, Lisa O.] Univ Florida, Dept Food & Resource Econ, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Gmitter, Fred G., Jr.] Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Valim, M. Filomena] Univ Florida, Florida Dept Citrus, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Plotto, Anne; Baldwin, Elizabeth A.] USDA, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, ARS, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA. RP Gao, ZF (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Food & Resource Econ, POB 110240, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM zfgao@ufl.edu; lahouse@ufl.edu; fgmitter@ufl.edu; fvalim@citrus.state.fl.us; anne.plotto@ars.usda.gov; liz.baldwin@ars.usda.gov FU Florida Department of Citrus, the Florida Citrus Production Research Advisory Council; New Varieties Development and Management Corporation FX Support for this research was provided by the Florida Department of Citrus, the Florida Citrus Production Research Advisory Council, Mr. Peter McClure Chairman, on behalf of the Florida citrus industry, and grants provided by the New Varieties Development and Management Corporation, Mr. Peter Chaires, Executive Director. Mention of a trademark or proprietary product is for identification only and does not imply a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT FOOD & AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT REVIEW PI COLLEGE STATION PA 333 BLOCKER BUILDING, 2124 TAMU, COLLEGE STATION, TX 77843-2124 USA SN 1559-2448 J9 INT FOOD AGRIBUS MAN JI Int. Food Agribus. Manag. Rev. PY 2011 VL 14 IS 1 BP 23 EP 39 PG 17 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy SC Agriculture GA 865OH UT WOS:000298319700002 ER PT J AU Sajjad, M Khan, SH Khan, AS AF Sajjad, M. Khan, S. H. Khan, Abdus Salam TI Exploitation of Germplasm for Grain Yield Improvement in Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Germplasm; Grain yield; PCA; Triticum aestivum L ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS; UNITED-STATES; BREAD WHEAT; MARKERS; ASSOCIATION; CULTIVARS; AFLP; RAPD AB Diverse genetic resources are necessary for adequate food production in changing environments. The present study was designed for two consecutive years to find the diversity pattern among 500 genotypes and select diverse parents for future breeding programs. Twelve quantitative traits were phenotyped. The number of kernels per plant, numbers of spike per plant, spike dry weight, and spikelets per spike contributed towards significant prinicipal components (PCs) and were highly related with grain yield. The projection of genotypes on PC1 and PC2 showed population structure for both years. First year, the best diverse parents were QAFZAH-21) vs GOSHAWK'S'; HUBARA-3 vs BOLSENA'S'; OASIS AGA/3*YR, IZAZ-1, and ABADGAR-93 vs WEBELLI/KAMBI, KAMBARA-1, CROW'S'/BOW#1 and QAFZAH-18. For the second year the diverse parents were BLS/KLT'S' vs. KVZ/3/TOB/CFTN//BB/4/BLO'S'/5/VEE#5/6/BOW'S'/3/YDING'S'//BB/CHA, BOLSENA'S' vs. HUBARA-3, and (PARULA) vs. 307 (BUC'S'/BJY'S'/3CNDR'S'/ANA//CNDR'S'/MUS'S'). The results from this study are very useful for planning future wheat breeding programs especially in Pakistan. (C) 2011 Friends Science Publishers C1 [Sajjad, M.; Khan, S. H.; Khan, Abdus Salam] Univ Agr Faisalabad, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Faisalabad, Pakistan. USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Sajjad, M (reprint author), Univ Agr Faisalabad, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Faisalabad, Pakistan. EM Muhammad.sajjad@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU FRIENDS SCIENCE PUBL PI FAISALABAD PA 399-B, PEOPLES COLONY NO 1, FAISALABAD, 38090, PAKISTAN SN 1560-8530 J9 INT J AGRIC BIOL JI Int. J. Agric. Biol. PY 2011 VL 13 IS 5 BP 695 EP 700 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Biology SC Agriculture; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 835VB UT WOS:000296063200011 ER PT J AU Li, AY Ross, D de Leon, AAP AF Li, Andrew Y. Ross, Douglas de Leon, Adalberto A. Perez TI Evaluation of the VetCap (R) Treatment Method for Horn Fly Control on Cattle SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN VETERINARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Remote application; insecticide capsules; Haematobia irritans irritans; efficacy; biting fly ID HAEMATOBIA-IRRITANS DIPTERA; EAR TAGS; INSECTICIDE; FLIES; RESISTANT; MUSCIDAE; CYPERMETHRIN AB A field study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the VetCap (R) treatment method for the control of horn flies on cattle. The VetCap (R) delivery system consists of a pressure (liquid CO(2)) driven launcher, and an encapsulated insecticide (CyLence (R)) formulation (10 ml CyLence (R) gel capsules). Three groups of cattle on three adjacent pastures were used, including: 1. Animals treated with 10 ml CyLence (R) pour-on formulation, 2. Animals treated with VetCap (R) treatment method (10 ml CyLence (R) gel capsule), and 3. The untreated animals. Fly counts were conducted at 2 days prior to treatment, and at 4, 11, 18, 25, 32, and 39 days post-treatment. Mean fly numbers per side of the animal for all three groups at each sampling date were obtained, and percent control of each treatment method was generated by comparing them to: 1. The untreated control group, and 2. Tthe pre-treatment fly count within the treatment group. Both treatment methods provided significant control of horn flies for about 3 weeks. A higher level of control was achieved with the Pour-on treatment, which was largely due to smaller animal size and lower pre-treatment fly load on animals. The potential benefits and applications of the VetCap (R) treatment method are discussed. C1 [Li, Andrew Y.; de Leon, Adalberto A. Perez] ARS, USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Ross, Douglas] Bayer Healthcare LLC, Anim Hlth, Shawnee, KS 66216 USA. RP Li, AY (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM Andrew.Li@ars.usda.gov FU SmartVet Pty Ltd. FX The authors would like to thank Drs. Ronald Davey and Robert Miller for critical review of the manuscript; Kylie Bendele, Warren Ottmers, Keith Shelley, Larry Camarillo, Matt Waldon and Daniel Cuevas for their assistance during the study. This work was partially supported by SmartVet Pty Ltd. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU VETERINARY SOLUTIONS LLC PI APOPKA PA PO BOX 2083, APOPKA, FL 32704-2083 USA SN 1542-2666 J9 INT J APPL RES VET M JI Int. J. Appl. Res. Vet. Med. PY 2011 VL 9 IS 2 BP 198 EP 203 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 783EK UT WOS:000292064100013 ER PT J AU Jiang, ZH Michal, JJ Wu, XL Pan, ZX MacNeil, MD AF Jiang, Zhihua Michal, Jennifer J. Wu, Xiao-Lin Pan, Zengxiang MacNeil, Michael D. TI The Heparan and Heparin Metabolism Pathway is Involved in Regulation of Fatty Acid Composition SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Heparan sulfate and heparin metabolism pathway; muscle fatty acid composition; associations; genetic networks ID SULFATE PROTEOGLYCANS; LIPOPROTEIN METABOLISM; EXTL3 AB Six genes involved in the heparan sulfate and heparin metabolism pathway, DSEL (dermatan sulfate epimerase-like), EXTL1 (exostoses (multiple)-like 1), HS6ST1 (heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase 1), HS6ST3 (heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase 3), NDST3 (N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase (heparan glucosaminyl) 3), and SULT1A1 (sulfotransferase family, cytosolic, 1A, phenol-preferring, member 1), were investigated for their associations with muscle lipid composition using cattle as a model organism. Nineteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)/multiple nucleotide length polymorphisms (MNLPs) were identified in five of these six genes. Six of these mutations were then genotyped on 246 Wagyu x Limousin F-2 animals, which were measured for 5 carcass, 6 eating quality and 8 fatty acid composition traits. Association analysis revealed that DSEL, EXTL1 and HS6ST1 significantly affected two stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity indices, the amount of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), and the relative amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in skeletal muscle (P<0.05). In particular, HS6ST1 joined our previously reported SCD1 and UQCRC1 genes to form a three gene network for one of the stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity indices. These results provide evidence that genes involved in heparan sulfate and heparin metabolism are also involved in regulation of lipid metabolism in bovine muscle. Whether the SNPs affected heparan sulfate proteoglycan structure is unknown and warrants further investigation. C1 [Jiang, Zhihua; Michal, Jennifer J.; Pan, Zengxiang] Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Wu, Xiao-Lin] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [MacNeil, Michael D.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Jiang, ZH (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM jiangz@wsu.edu RI Jiang, Zhihua/A-3378-2008 OI Jiang, Zhihua/0000-0003-1986-088X FU Merial Ltd.; Washington State University, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center FX This work was supported by Merial Ltd. Animal Genomics Research Fund to Z.J. This activity was also funded, in part, with an Emerging Research Issues Internal Competitive Grant from the Washington State University, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center to Z.J. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU IVYSPRING INT PUBL PI LAKE HAVEN PA PO BOX 4546, LAKE HAVEN, NSW 2263, AUSTRALIA SN 1449-2288 J9 INT J BIOL SCI JI Int. J. Biol. Sci. PY 2011 VL 7 IS 5 BP 659 EP 663 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 773LD UT WOS:000291307900015 PM 21647334 ER PT J AU Mahapatra, AK Lan, Y Harris, DL AF Mahapatra, A. K. Lan, Y. Harris, D. L. TI Influence of Moisture Content and Temperature on Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Diffusivity of Rice Flours SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES LA English DT Article DE Rice flour; Thermal conductivity; Thermal diffusivity; KD2; Moisture content ID WHEAT-FLOUR; THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; CHICKPEA FLOUR; STARCH; HEAT AB The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity for four types of rice flours and one type of rice protein were determined at temperatures ranging from 4.8 to 36.8 degrees C, bulk densities 535 to 875.8 kg m-3, and moisture contents 2.6 to 16.7% (w.b.), using a KD2 Thermal Properties Analyzer. The thermal conductivity of rice flours and rice protein increased with the increase in temperature, moisture content as well as with increase in bulk density. Thermal diffusivity decreased with increase in moisture content, increase in temperature and bulk density. The thermal conductivities values obtained were within the range of 0.045 to 0.124 W m-1 K-1 whereas the thermal diffusivity values were in the range of 0.094 to 0.138 mm2 s-1. C1 [Mahapatra, A. K.; Harris, D. L.] Ft Valley State Univ, Agr Res Stn, Ft Valley, GA 31030 USA. [Lan, Y.] USDA ARS SPARC APMRU, College Stn, TX USA. RP Mahapatra, AK (reprint author), Ft Valley State Univ, Agr Res Stn, 1005 State Univ Dr, Ft Valley, GA 31030 USA. EM mahapatraa@fvsu.edu NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1094-2912 J9 INT J FOOD PROP JI Int. J. Food Prop. PY 2011 VL 14 IS 3 BP 675 EP 683 AR PII 935258994 DI 10.1080/10942912.2011.555901 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 742QL UT WOS:000288959400017 ER PT J AU Xu, QY Nakajima, M Liu, ZS Shiina, T AF Xu, Qingyi Nakajima, Mitsutoshi Liu, Zengshe Shiina, Takeo TI Biosurfactants for Microbubble Preparation and Application SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE biosurfactant; microbubble; production; characterization ID ULTRASOUND CONTRAST AGENTS; EPOXIDIZED SOYBEAN OIL; CONTAMINATED SOIL; POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS; PULMONARY SURFACTANT; FOOD-INDUSTRY; LIQUID FOAM; STABILITY; REMEDIATION; PH AB Biosurfactants can be classified by their chemical composition and their origin. This review briefly describes various classes of biosurfactants based on their origin and introduces a few of the most widely used biosurfactants. The current status and future trends in biosurfactant production are discussed, with an emphasis on those derived from plants. Following a brief introduction of the properties of microbubbles, recent progress in the application of microbubble technology to molecular imaging, wastewater treatment, and aerobic fermentation are presented. Several studies on the preparation, characterization and applications of biosurfactant-based microbubbles are reviewed. C1 [Xu, Qingyi; Shiina, Takeo] Natl Food Inst, Food Engn Div, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058642, Japan. [Nakajima, Mitsutoshi] Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Life & Environm Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058572, Japan. [Liu, Zengshe] NCAUR ARS USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Xu, QY (reprint author), Natl Food Inst, Food Engn Div, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058642, Japan. EM xuqingyi@affrc.go.jp; nakajima.m.fu@u.tsukuba.ac.jp; Kevin.Liu@ars.usda.gov; shiina@affrc.go.jp FU Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan FX This research was financially supported by the Food Nanotechnology Project of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan. NR 60 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 10 U2 39 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1422-0067 J9 INT J MOL SCI JI Int. J. Mol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 12 IS 1 BP 462 EP 475 DI 10.3390/ijms12010462 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 711IM UT WOS:000286583400027 PM 21339998 ER PT J AU Hansen, JD Johnson, JA Winter, DA AF Hansen, J. D. Johnson, J. A. Winter, D. A. TI History and use of heat in pest control: a review SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEST MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE control atmospheres; electromagnetic energy; postharvest; high temperature; treatments; soil; thermal energy ID HOT-WATER IMMERSION; FRUIT-FLY DIPTERA; TEMPERATURE CONTROLLED-ATMOSPHERE; EMERALD ASH BORER; IRRADIATION QUARANTINE TREATMENTS; EPIPHYAS-POSTVITTANA LEPIDOPTERA; RADIO-FREQUENCY TREATMENTS; THERMAL DEATH-POINT; IN-SHELL WALNUTS; BEETLES COLEOPTERA-TENEBRIONIDAE AB This review describes the history and use of heat in the management of a wide range of agricultural and structural pests. Definitions and concepts used in heat treatments are discussed as well as possible mechanisms of thermal lethality. Factors used in determining treatments are availability, costs, complexity, and other constraints. Heat can be used separately in multiple forms or in combination: fire, water-based and atmospheric, steam, vapor heat, dry heat, forced hot air, high temperature controlled atmospheres, electric fields, and electromagnetic energies. The early research into each of these strategies is presented, including design, temperature ranges, and target pests. An understanding of the development of thermal treatments will increase efficacy of pest control and adaptability, and will reduce duplication. C1 [Hansen, J. D.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Johnson, J. A.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Winter, D. A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Hansen, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM jimbobtoo@aol.com NR 390 TC 8 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 26 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0967-0874 J9 INT J PEST MANAGE JI Int. J. Pest Manage. PY 2011 VL 57 IS 4 BP 267 EP 289 DI 10.1080/09670874.2011.590241 PG 23 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 887IT UT WOS:000299920800002 ER PT J AU Savarie, PJ Engeman, RM Mauldin, RE Mathies, T Tope, KL AF Savarie, Peter J. Engeman, Richard M. Mauldin, Richard E. Mathies, Tom Tope, Kenneth L. TI Tools for managing invasions: acceptance of non-toxic baits by juvenile Nile monitor lizards and Burmese pythons under laboratory conditions SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEST MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE integrated pest management; invasive species; Python molurus bivittatus; toxicant delivery; Varanus niloticus ID VARANUS-NILOTICUS; MOLURUS-BIVITTATUS; BROWN TREESNAKES; ACETAMINOPHEN AB Nile monitor lizards (Varanus niloticus) and Burmese pythons (Python molurus bivittatus) are large, invasive, predatory reptiles, which are now well established in south Florida. Acetaminophen was recently shown to be lethal to both animals and therefore has potential for inclusion in an integrated pest management effort to control these species. However, acceptable bait matrices for both species are still needed to deliver the toxicant. We tested nine candidate bait matrices on juvenile Nile monitor lizards and Burmese pythons in the laboratory. Baits were tested fresh and also after aging at 30 degrees C and 50% relative humidity for 24 h. Six of the nine baits were well accepted by the monitors in both fresh and aged conditions (dead neonatal mouse, dead quail chick, ground turkey, chicken liver, tilapia, and zebra finch egg). Only the fresh dead neonatal mouse and fresh dead quail chick were well accepted by the pythons. As far as we are aware, these tests are the second of such bait matrix preference tests conducted for reptiles. The implications of our results are discussed regarding further development and testing of baits in a natural setting. C1 [Savarie, Peter J.; Engeman, Richard M.; Mauldin, Richard E.; Mathies, Tom; Tope, Kenneth L.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Engeman, RM (reprint author), USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM richard.m.engeman@aphis.usda.gov NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 55 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0967-0874 J9 INT J PEST MANAGE JI Int. J. Pest Manage. PY 2011 VL 57 IS 4 BP 309 EP 314 DI 10.1080/09670874.2011.598581 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 887IT UT WOS:000299920800005 ER PT J AU Birke, A Perez-Staples, D Greany, P Aluja, M AF Birke, Andrea Perez-Staples, Diana Greany, Patrick Aluja, Martin TI Interplay between foraging behaviour, adult density and fruit ripeness determines the effectiveness of gibberellic acid and host-marking pheromone in reducing susceptibility of grapefruit to infestation by the Mexican fruit-fly, Anastrepha ludens SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEST MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Anastrepha ludens; biorational pest management; Citrus paradisi; Diptera: Tephritidae; fly density; gibberellic acid ID CERATITIS-CAPITATA DIPTERA; FRATERCULUS DIPTERA; RHAGOLETIS-CERASI; FECES EXTRACTS; TROPICAL PLUM; CLUTCH SIZE; RUBY RED; TEPHRITIDAE; FLIES; CITRUS AB The potential of gibberellic acid (GA(3)) and host-marking pheromone as management tools for control of Mexican fruit-fly (Anastrepha ludens) was evaluated in the field. Varying numbers of GA(3)-treated and untreated "Ruby Red'' grapefruit were hung in branches of field-caged citrus trees and exposed to four different densities of gravid A. ludens females (1, 5, 15 and 30 individuals per cage) over the entire harvest season (October to February). Infestation was not lowered by GA(3)-treatment when fly density was set at 0.06, 0.19 and 0.38 females per fruit. Results depended mainly on fruit ripeness and female density. A reduction in infestation (almost eight-fold) was recorded at a fly density of one female per 200 fruit (0.0005 female/fruit rate), when fruit was treated with 15 ppm of GA(3) (applied once) and exposed to flies early in the harvest season (November). At a higher GA(3) concentration (20 ppm applied twice) and a fly density of 30 females per 100 fruit (0.3 female/fruit rate), no statistically significant reduction in damage was recorded. Late in the season, when untreated fruit were overripe (i.e. were of poor quality), there was a tendency for females to preferentially oviposit into GA(3)-treated (and therefore superior quality) fruit. We also tested the combined effect of GA(3) and host-marking pheromone and pheromone-treated fruit on the oviposition behaviour of A. ludens and found that the presence of pheromone, with or without GA(3), reduced infestation to nearly zero. We discuss our findings in the context of the interplay between oviposition behaviour, fly density and fruit ripeness (i.e. the season) and the complexities involved in the design of biorational fruit-fly management schemes. C1 [Birke, Andrea; Aluja, Martin] Inst Ecol AC, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico. [Perez-Staples, Diana] Univ Veracruzana, Inst Biotecnol & Ecol Aplicada, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico. [Greany, Patrick] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Aluja, M (reprint author), Inst Ecol AC, Apartado Postal 63, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico. EM martin.aluja@inecol.edu.mx RI Perez-Staples, Diana/C-1417-2011 OI Perez-Staples, Diana/0000-0002-6804-0346 FU United States Department of Agriculture [58-6615-3-006]; Fondo de Estudios de Investigaciones Ricardo J. Zevada; Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganaderia, Desarrollo Rural y Pesca - Instituto Interamericano de Cooperacion para la Agricultura (SAGARPA-IICA) through the Campana Nacional contra las Moscas de la Fruta FX We thank the Bigurra-Armida family for allowing us to work in their citrus grove. We also thank Anabel Davila, Norma Lozada, Isabel Jacome, Jaime Pinero, Graciano Blas, Fernando Gomez, Alejandro Vazquez, Octaviano Diaz and Cesar Ruiz for technical assistance. Rogelio Macias-Ordonez provided expert advice on data analysis and ran some of the statistical tests reported here. We also thank John Sivinski, Francisco Diaz-Fleischer, Caroline Fowler, and three anonymous referees for comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. Finally, we thank Alberto Anzures for helping us format the manuscript and all the figures. Mention of a commercial or proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement by any of the authors or institutions. We would like to acknowledge for financial support: the United States Department of Agriculture (Grant 58-6615-3-006), Fondo de Estudios de Investigaciones Ricardo J. Zevada and Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganaderia, Desarrollo Rural y Pesca - Instituto Interamericano de Cooperacion para la Agricultura (SAGARPA-IICA) through the Campana Nacional contra las Moscas de la Fruta. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0967-0874 J9 INT J PEST MANAGE JI Int. J. Pest Manage. PY 2011 VL 57 IS 4 BP 321 EP 328 DI 10.1080/09670874.2011.603848 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 887IT UT WOS:000299920800007 ER PT J AU Seamans, TW Blackwell, BF AF Seamans, Thomas W. Blackwell, Bradley F. TI Electric shock strips as bird deterrents: does experience count? SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEST MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Brown-headed Cowbird; Columbidae; Icterinae; learned behaviour; risk; Rock Pigeon; shock strip ID RED-WINGED BLACKBIRDS; COLLECTIVE DETECTION; MANAGEMENT; PREDATORS; RISK; RECOGNITION; PROSPECTUS; AVOIDANCE; STARLINGS; PATTERN AB Understanding how birds detect and react to deterrent methods which are employed to protect structures is important both for the effective control of property damage, and to ensure that human health and safety are not compromised. One such device is a shock strip that causes slight pain to birds when they use a perch. Our aims were to determine: (1) the efficacy of a shock strip to flocks of Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater), and Rock Pigeons (Columba livia); (2) the length of time to extinction of effect; (3) whether members of a flock show a behavioural response to treatment; and (4) whether the birds habituate to the treatment. When activated, shock strips were effective in displacing birds from treated areas. Birds had to experience the treatment; there was no discernible indication of flock members reacting to affected birds. When strips were deactivated after an initial period of activation, birds required more than 2 hours to return to treated areas. No habituation was observed. Because birds had to experience the shock, reduced coverage of a structure or use of sham devices to lower costs is considered inadvisable. C1 [Seamans, Thomas W.; Blackwell, Bradley F.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Ohio Field Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. RP Seamans, TW (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Ohio Field Stn, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. EM thomas.w.seamans@aphis.usda.gov FU Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) FX We thank R. M. Puzak, Plum Brook Station, for providing access to the study site. M. L. Conger, D. E. Steyer, and L. A. Tyson provided field assistance. T. L. DeVault, J.A. Schmidt, P. M. Schmidt and B. E. Washburn provided editorial comments. Sponsorship and funds for this research were provided by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Mention of companies or commercial products does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) over others not mentioned. The USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of any product mentioned. Product names are mentioned solely to report factually on available data and to provide specific information. All of our procedures with birds were approved by the USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC), Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee prior to the start of our study (QA-1561). Opinions expressed in these studies do not necessarily reflect current FAA policy decisions governing the control of wildlife on or near airports. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0967-0874 J9 INT J PEST MANAGE JI Int. J. Pest Manage. PY 2011 VL 57 IS 4 BP 357 EP 362 DI 10.1080/09670874.2011.621983 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 887IT UT WOS:000299920800011 ER PT J AU Cassina, L Tassi, E Morelli, E Giorgetti, L Remorini, D Chaney, RL Barbafieri, M AF Cassina, L. Tassi, E. Morelli, E. Giorgetti, L. Remorini, D. Chaney, R. L. Barbafieri, M. TI EXOGENOUS CYTOKININ TREATMENTS OF AN NI HYPER-ACCUMULATOR, ALYSSUM MURALE, GROWN IN A SERPENTINE SOIL: IMPLICATIONS FOR PHYTOEXTRACTION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Phytotechnologies Conference CY DEC, 2009 CL Int Phytotechnol Soc, St Louis, MO HO Int Phytotechnol Soc DE Alyssum murale; plant growth regulators; transpiration rate; exogenous cytokinins; metal hyperaccumulator; serpentine soil; phytochelatin ID METAL-BINDING PEPTIDES; PLANT-GROWTH; NICKEL; PHYTOCHELATINS; HYPERACCUMULATOR; PHYTOREMEDIATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; GLUTATHIONE; RESPONSES; CADMIUM AB Application of exogenous plant growth regulators was examined as a viable technique to increase the efficiency of plant metal extraction from contaminated soils. The aim of this study was to investigate the alteration of Ni phytoextraction by Alyssum murale, a Ni hyperaccumulator, following the application of cytokinins. The following parameters were investigated: Ni accumulation, plant growth, gas exchange, stomata behavior and the concentration of nonprotein thiols (glutathione, y-Glu-Cys, and phytochelatins). In a pot experiment, A. murale plants grown in a serpentine soil were treated with a mix of naturally occurring cytokinins. Results showed that Ni accumulation in plants ranged from 4000 to 7000 mg kg(-1) confirming the hyper-accumulation ability from the soil used. Cytokinin treatments produced a significant increase in plant biomass and transpiration rate whereas no significant variation in Ni accumulation or the concentration of non-protein thiols was observed. The results suggest that A. murale is a plant species sensitive to cytokinin treatment and that cytokinin treatment is potentially useful in increasing the phytoextraction capability by increasing biomass. Moreover, for first time, evidence was obtained that the Ni hyperaccumulation mechanism is independent of water flux and transpiration rate. C1 [Cassina, L.; Tassi, E.; Barbafieri, M.] CNR, Inst Ecosyst Study, Sect Pisa, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. [Morelli, E.] CNR, Inst Biophys, Sect Pisa, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. [Giorgetti, L.] CNR, Inst Agr Biol & Biotechnol, Sect Pisa, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. [Remorini, D.] Univ Pisa, Dept Tree Sci Entomol & Plant Pathol G Scaramuzzi, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. [Chaney, R. L.] ARS, USDA, Environm Management & By Prod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Barbafieri, M (reprint author), CNR, Inst Ecosyst Study, Sect Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. EM meri.barbafieri@ise.cnr.it RI Remorini, Damiano/A-2479-2009; Tassi, Eliana/I-3494-2012; OI Remorini, Damiano/0000-0001-8924-6012; Barbafieri, Meri/0000-0002-3098-9783; GIORGETTI, LUCIA/0000-0003-3295-4549; Morelli, Elisabetta/0000-0003-4206-3758 NR 41 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 22 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-6514 J9 INT J PHYTOREMEDIAT JI Int. J. Phytoremediat. PY 2011 VL 13 SU 1 SI SI BP 90 EP 101 DI 10.1080/15226514.2011.568538 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 880UE UT WOS:000299432300007 PM 22046753 ER PT J AU Zalesny, RS Stanturf, JA Evett, SR Kandil, NF Soriano, C AF Zalesny, Ronald S., Jr. Stanturf, John A. Evett, Steven R. Kandil, Nabil F. Soriano, Chris TI OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOODY CROP PRODUCTION USING TREATED WASTEWATER IN EGYPT. I. AFFORESTATION STRATEGIES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Phytotechnologies Conference CY DEC, 2009 CL Int Phytotechnol Soc, St Louis, MO HO Int Phytotechnol Soc DE afforestation; forest products; phytoremediation; phytotechnologies; resource production; water quality ID LANDFILL LEACHATE; HYBRID POPLAR; EUCALYPTUS-CAMALDULENSIS; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; GROWTH; PLANTATIONS; GRANDIS; PHYTOREMEDIATION; IRRIGATION; ROTATION AB The Nile River provides nearly 97% of Egypt's freshwater supply. Egypt's share of Nile waters is fixed at 55.5 billion cubic meters annually. As a result, Egypt will not be able to meet increasing water demand using freshwater from the Nile and has been developing non-conventional wastewater reuse strategies to meet future demands. The USAID Mission in Cairo began promoting strategies for water reuse in 2004, and guidelines for safe and direct reuse of treated wastewater for agricultural purposes were approved in 2005 (Egyptian Code 501/2005). Twenty-four man-made forests were established that have been useful for assessing the efficacy of using treated wastewater for afforestation. At present, approximately 4,340 hectares are under irrigation with treated wastewater, utilizing a total daily volume of 467,400 cubic meters. Wastewater has been applied to trees along roads, greenbelts in cities, and woody production systems. Currently, a joint USDA Forest Service-Agricultural Research Service technical assistance team has been evaluating the feasibility of scaling up such afforestation efforts throughout Egypt. We describe information about: 1) suitable tree species that have been identified based on local soil characteristics, water quality, and quantity of water supply; 2) the benefits and consequences of using these species; 3) strategies to maximize the potential of afforestation with regard to improving water quality, maximizing resource production, increasing biodiversity, and limiting commercial inputs; and 4) potential long-term impacts on the natural resource base from afforestation. A companion paper addresses irrigation recommendations based on species and local conditions (see Evett et al. 2000). C1 [Zalesny, Ronald S., Jr.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. [Stanturf, John A.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Athens, GA USA. [Evett, Steven R.] ARS, USDA, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX USA. [Kandil, Nabil F.] Agr Res Ctr, Soils Water & Environm Res Inst, El Giza, Egypt. [Soriano, Chris] US Forest Serv, Int Programs, Middle E Program, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Zalesny, RS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, 5985 Highway K, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. EM rzalesny@fs.fed.us OI Stanturf, John/0000-0002-6828-9459 NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-6514 EI 1549-7879 J9 INT J PHYTOREMEDIAT JI Int. J. Phytoremediat. PY 2011 VL 13 SU 1 SI SI BP 102 EP 121 DI 10.1080/15226514.2011.568539 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 880UE UT WOS:000299432300008 PM 22046754 ER PT J AU Evett, SR Zalesny, RS Kandil, NF Stanturf, JA Soriano, C AF Evett, Steven R. Zalesny, Ronald S., Jr. Kandil, Nabil F. Stanturf, John A. Soriano, Chris TI OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOODY CROP PRODUCTION USING TREATED WASTEWATER IN EGYPT. II. IRRIGATION STRATEGIES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Phytotechnologies Conference CY DEC, 2009 CL Int Phytotechnol Soc, St Louis, MO HO Int Phytotechnol Soc DE irrigation management; phytoremediation; phytotechnologies; water quality; deep percolation; irrigation systems ID GROWTH AB An Egyptian national program targets annual reuse of 2.4 billion m(3) of treated wastewater (TWW) to irrigate 84,000 ha of manmade forests in areas close to treatment plants and in the desert. To evaluate the feasibility of such afforestation efforts, we describe information about TWW irrigation strategies based on (1) water use of different tree species, (2) weather conditions in different climate zones of Egypt, (3) soil types and available irrigation systems, and (4) the requirement to avoid deep percolation losses that could lead to groundwater contamination. We conclude that drip irrigation systems are preferred, that they should in most cases use multiple emitters per tree in order to increase wetted area and decrease depth of water penetration, that deep rooting should be encouraged, and that in most situations irrigation system automation is desirable to achieve several small irrigations per day in order to avoid deep percolation losses. We describe directed research necessary to fill knowledge gaps about depth of rooting of different species in sandy Egyptian soils and environments, tree crop coefficients needed for rational irrigation scheduling, and depth of water penetration under different irrigation system designs. A companion paper addresses recommendations for afforestation strategies (see Zalesny et al. 2011, this issue). C1 [Evett, Steven R.] ARS, USDA, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Zalesny, Ronald S., Jr.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, Rhinelander, WI USA. [Kandil, Nabil F.] Agr Res Ctr, Soils Water & Environm Res Inst, El Giza, Egypt. [Stanturf, John A.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Athens, GA USA. [Soriano, Chris] US Forest Serv, Int Programs, Middle E Program, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Evett, SR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10,2300 Expt Stn Rd, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM steve.evett@ars.usda.gov OI Stanturf, John/0000-0002-6828-9459 NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-6514 EI 1549-7879 J9 INT J PHYTOREMEDIAT JI Int. J. Phytoremediat. PY 2011 VL 13 SU 1 SI SI BP 122 EP 139 DI 10.1080/15226514.2011.568548 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 880UE UT WOS:000299432300009 PM 22046755 ER PT J AU Banuelos, GS Dhillon, KS AF Banuelos, G. S. Dhillon, K. S. TI DEVELOPING A SUSTAINABLE PHYTOMANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR EXCESSIVE SELENIUM IN WESTERN UNITED STATES AND INDIA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Phytotechnologies Conference CY DEC, 2009 CL Int Phytotechnol Soc, St Louis, MO HO Int Phytotechnol Soc DE phytoremediation; plants; flowers; volatilization ID PLANT MATERIALS; DRAINAGE WATER; PHYTOREMEDIATION; VOLATILIZATION; SOILS; IRRIGATION; CANOLA; LADEN; ACCUMULATION; SYSTEM AB Phytomanagement technology is recognized as an inexpensive and environmental friendly strategy for managing natural-occurring selenium (Se) in soils and in poor quality waters. Multi-year field and greenhouse studies were conducted with different plant species in California, USA and Punjab, India under high Se growing conditions. Some of the plant species included; canola (Brassica napus), mustard (B. juncea), broccoli (B. oleracea), spearmint (Mentha viridis), sugarcane (Saccharum officcinarum), guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and poplar (Populus deltoides). California soils had a sodium-sulfate-dominated salinity between 6-10 dS m(-1), while Indian soils had a calcium carbonate salinity less than 1 dS m(-1). Results demonstrated that high sulfate conditions reduced plant Se accumulationmore than 100 x in Californian grown plants compared to Se accumulation in Indian grown plants. Tissue concentrations generally did not exceed 10 and 200 mg kg DM-1 in leaves of plants grown in California and India, respectively. At these plant concentrations, Se phytomanagement is more effective in Indian soils than in California soils. Successful management of Se by plants requires selecting crops or crop rotations that are tolerant of the soil condition and identifying and creating new viable Se-enriched products. C1 [Banuelos, G. S.] ARS, USDA, Water Management Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Dhillon, K. S.] Punjab Agr Univ, Dept Soils, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India. RP Banuelos, GS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Water Management Res Unit, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM gary.banuelos@ars.usda.gov NR 58 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 19 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-6514 EI 1549-7879 J9 INT J PHYTOREMEDIAT JI Int. J. Phytoremediat. PY 2011 VL 13 SU 1 SI SI BP 208 EP 228 DI 10.1080/15226514.2011.568544 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 880UE UT WOS:000299432300015 PM 22046761 ER PT J AU Centofanti, T Tappero, RV Davis, AP Chaney, RL AF Centofanti, Tiziana Tappero, Ryan V. Davis, Allen P. Chaney, Rufus L. TI Chelator-Buffered Nutrient Solution is Ineffective in Extracting NI From Seeds of Alyssum SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION LA English DT Article DE nickel; HEDTA; solution culture; seeds; localization; Alyssum ID NICKEL; HYPERACCUMULATION; LOCALIZATION; MURALE; PIXE AB Hyperaccumulator species of the genera Alyssum can accumulate 100 times more Ni than normal crops and are therefore used for phytomining and phytoextraction of nickel contaminated soils. Basic studies on the physiology and metal uptake mechanisms of these plants are needed to increase efficiency and uptake capacity of Nickel (Ni) by hyperaccumulators. Recent attempts to disclose if those hyperaccumulator species require higher Ni level than normal plants failed because of the high Ni content in the seeds (7000-9000 g g-1). In this study, we attempted to use chelator buffered nutrient solution to deplete Ni from the seed/seed coat and to obtain low Ni seedlings of Alyssum cultivars to be used in physiology studies. HEDTA-buffered nutrient solution did not deplete Ni from the seeds, perhaps because Ni was mainly localized within the seedling embryonic tissues with greatest Ni enrichment in the cotyledons and hypocotyls. We could not observe any positive correlation between seed fitness and germination capacity with seed Ni content. Investigation of nickel localization in Alyssum seeds using synchrotron X-ray microfluorescence (-SXRF) showed that nickel is localized in the embryonic tissues with greatest Ni enrichment observed in the cotyledons and hypocotyl. C1 [Centofanti, Tiziana; Davis, Allen P.] Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Centofanti, Tiziana; Chaney, Rufus L.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Tappero, Ryan V.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Centofanti, T (reprint author), Room 214,10300 Baltimore Ave,BLDG 007 Barc W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM tiziana.centofanti@gmail.com RI DAVIS, ALLEN/F-1066-2017 OI DAVIS, ALLEN/0000-0001-7818-1890 FU U.S. Department of Energy-Geosciences [DE-FG02-92ER14244]; Brookhaven National Laboratory Department of Environmental Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX Portions of this work were performed at Beamline X27A, National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS), Brookhaven National Laboratory. X27A is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy-Geosciences (DE-FG02-92ER14244 to The University of Chicago-CARS) and Brookhaven National Laboratory Department of Environmental Sciences. Use of the NSLS was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-6514 J9 INT J PHYTOREMEDIAT JI Int. J. Phytoremediat. PY 2011 VL 13 IS 5 BP 434 EP 440 AR PII 929200607 DI 10.1080/15226514.2010.483264 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 733PV UT WOS:000288276000004 PM 21598774 ER PT J AU Zhang, JE Liu, JL Ying, OY Liao, BW Zhao, BL AF Zhang, Jia-En Liu, Jin-Ling Ying Ouyang Liao, Bao-Wen Zhao, Ben-Liang TI Physiological Responses of Mangrove Sonneratia apetala Buch-Ham Plant to Wastewater Nutrients and Heavy Metals SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION LA English DT Article DE chlorophyll; enzyme activity; mangrove; root activity; wastewater; wetland ID POTENTIAL USE; CONSTRUCTED WETLAND; KANDELIA-CANDEL; MUNICIPAL; REMOVAL; SYSTEM AB Mangroves play an important role for removing nutrients, heavy metals, and other pollutants in wetland ecosystems. This study investigated the physiological responses of a mangrove plant (i.e., Sonneratia apetala Buch-Ham) to different wastewater pollution levels. Four different treatments, namely three concentration levels (i.e., normal, five-time-greater than normal, and ten-time-greater than normal) of wastewaters and one control (i.e., salted water), were used to grow the mangrove plants. Results showed that the height and biomass of the plant increased with wastewater pollution levels. No significant differences in root and catalase activities were observed among different treatments, whereas the increases in peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were attributed to the need for detoxification. In general, leaf chlorophyll content increased with wastewater pollution levels due to the increase in nutrient contents. C1 [Zhang, Jia-En; Liu, Jin-Ling; Zhao, Ben-Liang] S China Agr Univ, Dept Ecol, Coll Agr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Ying Ouyang] St Johns River Water Management Dist, Dept Water Resources, Palatka, FL USA. [Ying Ouyang] Forest Serv, USDA, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Liao, Bao-Wen] Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Trop Forestry, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, JE (reprint author), S China Agr Univ, Dept Ecol, Coll Agr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM jeanzh@scau.edu.cn; youyang@fs.fed.us FU key scientific and technological projects of Guangdong Province [2005A30402003, 2006A36702003]; Forestry Bureau of Guangzhou, China FX The study was supported by the key scientific and technological projects of Guangdong Province (No. 2005A30402003, 2006A36702003) and the research fund from the Forestry Bureau of Guangzhou, China. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-6514 J9 INT J PHYTOREMEDIAT JI Int. J. Phytoremediat. PY 2011 VL 13 IS 5 BP 456 EP 464 AR PII 931526441 DI 10.1080/15226511003671395 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 733PV UT WOS:000288276000006 PM 21598776 ER PT J AU Coyle, DR Zalesny, JA Zalesny, RS Wiese, AH AF Coyle, David R. Zalesny, Jill A. Zalesny, Ronald S., Jr. Wiese, Adam H. TI IRRIGATING POPLAR ENERGY CROPS WITH LANDFILL LEACHATE NEGATIVELY AFFECTS SOIL MICRO- AND MESO-FAUNA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION LA English DT Article DE insects; nematodes; phytotechnologies; Populus; waste management; wastewater reuse ID HEAVY-METAL CONTAMINATION; POPULUS-MAXIMOWICZII; PHYTOREMEDIATION; NEMATODES; BIOMASS; COMMUNITY; SALINITY; RECOVERY; SURVIVAL; WATER AB Increased municipal solid waste generated worldwide combined with substantial demand for renewable energy has prompted testing and deployment of woody feedstock production systems that reuse and recycle wastewaters as irrigation and fertilization. Populus selections are ideal for such systems given their fast growth, extensive root systems, and high water usage rates. Maintaining ecological sustainability (i.e., the capacity for an ecosystem to maintain its function and retain its biodiversity over time) during tree establishment and development is an important component of plantation success, especially for belowground faunal populations. To determine the impact of solid waste leachate on soil micro- and mesofauna, we compared soil from eight different Populus clones receiving municipal solid waste landfill leachate irrigation with clones receiving fertilized (N, P, K) well water irrigation. Microfauna (i.e., nematodes) communities were more diverse in control soils. Mesofauna (i.e., insects) were associated with all clones; however, they were four times more abundant around trees found within the control plot than those that received leachate treatments. Nematode and insect abundance varied among Populus clones yet insect diversity was greater in the leachate-treated soils. Phytotechnologies must allow for soil faunal sustainability, as upsetting this balance could lead to great reductions in phytotechnology efficacy. C1 [Coyle, David R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Zalesny, Jill A.] Bur Remediat & Redev, Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Rhinelander, WI USA. [Zalesny, Jill A.; Zalesny, Ronald S., Jr.; Wiese, Adam H.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, Rhinelander, WI USA. RP Coyle, DR (reprint author), Univ Georgia, DB Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM drcoyle@wisc.edu NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 23 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-6514 EI 1549-7879 J9 INT J PHYTOREMEDIAT JI Int. J. Phytoremediat. PY 2011 VL 13 IS 9 BP 845 EP 858 DI 10.1080/15226514.2011.552927 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 880TW UT WOS:000299431400001 PM 21972508 ER PT J AU Xu, YZ Stark, NM Cai, ZY Jin, LW Wang, CP Chu, FX AF Xu, Y. Z. Stark, N. M. Cai, Z. Y. Jin, L. W. Wang, C. P. Chu, F. X. TI Preparation of Internally Plasticized Ester of Cellulose Irradiated by Microwave and Its Properties SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE crystallinity; esterification; microwave irradiation; solubility; structure-property ID THERMAL-ANALYSIS; DERIVATIVES; ACYLATION; SOLVENT; DISSOLUTION; FILMS; ACID AB This paper demonstrates esterification of cellulose with long-chain carboxylic acid in a homogeneous phase irradiated by microwave. The esterification reaction system was cellulose, fatty acid, and LiCl/dimethylacetamide (LiCl/DMAc) using p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (Ts-Cl) as activating reagents. It was found that the use of a microwave resulted in a dramatic drop in reaction time (90s), two orders of magnitude faster than conventional reaction under heating. The degrees of substitution (DS) and molar yields of fatty acid, Ts-Cl amounts and reaction time, as well as the property of final products, were studied. Partially derivative celluloses, which underwent a significant change in morphological structure during the modification, presented obvious glass transition compared to starting cellulose. In agreement with this, the crystallization property of the internally plasticized esters was different from cellulose. Together, these results indicated the reaction of acylation. C1 [Chu, F. X.] Chinese Acad Forestry, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. [Xu, Y. Z.; Jin, L. W.; Wang, C. P.] CAF, Inst Chem Ind Forest Prod, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Xu, Y. Z.; Stark, N. M.; Cai, Z. Y.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Chu, FX (reprint author), Chinese Acad Forestry, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. EM chufuxiang@forestry.ac.cn FU Chinese Academy of Forestry [CAFINT2009C03]; Technology Division of the state Forestry Bureau [201104004] FX The authors gratefully acknowledgment the financial support from the Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAFINT2009C03) and Technology Division of the state Forestry Bureau (201104004). NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS PI OSLO PA KARL JOHANS GATE 5, NO-0154 OSLO, NORWAY SN 0091-4037 J9 INT J POLYM MATER JI Int. J. Polym. Mater. PY 2011 VL 60 IS 14 BP 1152 EP 1163 DI 10.1080/00914037.2011.557804 PG 12 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 875OV UT WOS:000299041700004 ER PT J AU Mueller-Warrant, GW Whittaker, GW Griffith, SM Banowetz, GM Dugger, BD Garcia, TS Giannico, G Boyer, KL McComb, BC AF Mueller-Warrant, George W. Whittaker, Gerald W. Griffith, Stephen M. Banowetz, Gary M. Dugger, Bruce D. Garcia, Tiffany S. Giannico, Guillermo Boyer, Kathryn L. McComb, Brenda C. TI Remote sensing classification of grass seed cropping practices in western Oregon SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article AB Our primary objective was extending knowledge of major crop rotations and stand establishment conditions present in 4800 grass seed fields surveyed over three years in western Oregon to the entire Willamette Valley through classification of multiband Landsat images and multi-temporal Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 16-day composite Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Mismatch in resolution between MODIS and Landsat data was resolved by edging of training and test validation areas using 3 by 3 neighbourhood tests for class uniformity, resampling of MODIS data to 50-m resolution followed by 3 by 3 neighbourhood smoothing to artificially enhance resolution, and resampling to 30m for stacking data in groups of up to 64, 55 and 81 bands in 2004-2005, 2005-2006 and 2006-2007. Imposing several object-based rules raised final classification accuracies to 84.7, 77.1 and 87.6% for 16 categories of cropping practices in 2005, 2006 and 2007. Total grass seed area was under-predicted by 3.9, 5.4 and 1.8% compared to yearly Cooperative Extension Service estimates, with Italian ryegrass overestimated by an average of 8.4% and perennial ryegrass, orchardgrass and tall fescue underestimated by 10.4, 3.3 and 2.1%. Knowledge of field disturbance patterns will be crucial in future landscape-level analyses of relationships among ecosystem services. C1 [Mueller-Warrant, George W.; Whittaker, Gerald W.; Griffith, Stephen M.; Banowetz, Gary M.] ARS, USDA, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Dugger, Bruce D.; Garcia, Tiffany S.; Giannico, Guillermo] Oregon State Univ, Fish & Wildlife Dept, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Boyer, Kathryn L.] USDA, NRCS Natl Technol Support Ctr, Portland, OR 97232 USA. [McComb, Brenda C.] Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Mueller-Warrant, GW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM george.mueller-warrant@ars.usda.gov RI Ma, Lei/I-4597-2014 FU USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service [2006-51130-03705] FX Contribution of USDA-ARS: The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication (or page) is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. The authors wish to express their thanks to the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service for funding of CEAP Special Grant No. 2006-51130-03705 'Assessing Trade-Offs Between Crop Production and Ecological Services: The Calapooia Basin', which was instrumental to our ability to conduct the research. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2011 VL 32 IS 9 BP 2451 EP 2480 AR PII 937000800 DI 10.1080/01431161003698351 PG 30 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 756WP UT WOS:000290045800006 ER PT J AU Choi, M Kim, TW Kustas, WP AF Choi, Minha Kim, Tae Woong Kustas, William P. TI Reliable estimation of evapotranspiration on agricultural fields predicted by the Priestley-Taylor model using soil moisture data from ground and remote sensing observations compared with the Common Land Model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID WATER-BALANCE; HEAT-FLUX; EVAPORATION; VARIABILITY; ECOSYSTEM; UTILITY; FOREST AB Evapotranspiration (ET) is a crucial factor in understanding the hydrological cycle and is essential to many applications in hydrology, ecology and water resources management. However, reliable ET measurements and predictions for a range of temporal and spatial scales are difficult. This study focused on the comparison of ET estimates using a relatively simple model, the Priestley-Taylor (P-T) approach, and the physically based Common Land Model (CLM) using ground and remotely sensed soil moisture data as input. The results from both models were compared directly with hourly eddy covariance measurements at two agricultural field sites during the Soil Moisture-Atmosphere Coupling Experiment (SMACEX) in the corn soybean production region in the Upper Midwest, USA. The P-T model showed a significant overestimation of the potential ET compared to the measurements, with a root mean square error (RMSE) between 115 and 130 W m(-2). Actual ET was better predicted by the CLM, with the RMSE ranging between 50 and 75 W m(-2). However, actual ET from the P-T model constrained with a soil moisture dependency parameterization showed improved results when compared to the measurements, with a significantly reduced bias and RMSE values between 60 and 65 W m(-2). This study suggests that even with a simple semi-empirical ET model, similar performance in estimating actual ET for agricultural crops compared to more complex land surface-atmosphere models (i.e. the CLM) can be achieved when constrained with the soil moisture function. This suggests that remote sensing soil moisture estimates from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer - Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) and others such as the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission may be effective alternatives under certain environmental conditions for estimating actual ET of agricultural crops using a fairly simple algorithm. C1 [Choi, Minha] Hanyang Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seoul 133791, South Korea. [Kim, Tae Woong] Hanyang Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ansan 426791, South Korea. [Kustas, William P.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Choi, M (reprint author), Hanyang Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seoul 133791, South Korea. EM mchoi@hanyang.ac.kr OI Kim, Tae-Woong/0000-0002-1793-2483 FU Hanyang University [HY-2009-N] FX This work was supported by the research fund of Hanyang University (HY-2009-N). We thank the SMACEX sampling teams for their help with the data collection. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 22 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2011 VL 32 IS 16 BP 4571 EP 4587 DI 10.1080/01431161.2010.489065 PG 17 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 866GE UT WOS:000298367700009 ER PT J AU Ge, SK Carruthers, RI Kramer, M Everitt, JH Anderson, GL AF Ge, Shaokui Carruthers, Raymond I. Kramer, Marc Everitt, James H. Anderson, Gerald L. TI Multiple-level defoliation assessment with hyperspectral data: integration of continuum-removed absorptions and red edges SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; UNITED-STATES; CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT; REFLECTANCE; SALTCEDAR; VEGETATION; SHAPE; GAS AB Hyperspectral data were collected from 40 canopies of saltcedar (Tamarix ramosissima): 10 healthy canopies and 30 canopies defoliated by an introduced biological control agent, the saltcedar leaf beetle (Diorhabda carinata). These data assessed multiple-level defoliations in response to the process of biological control. Two important characteristics of the hyperspectral data - red edges and continuum-removed absorptions - were used to discriminate four defoliation categories of saltcedar (healthy plants, newly defoliated plants, completely defoliated plants and refoliating plants) at the canopy level. The red edge positions were located at ranges of 711-716 nm, 706-712 nm, 694-698 nm and 715-719 nm for the four defoliation stages described above, respectively. These red edge positions alone could not clearly judge the four defoliation categories associated with feeding by the beetles. Only the completely defoliated canopies had distinct red edge positions that could be differentiated from the other three types of canopies. While using a classification tree to integrate the red edge positions and their derivatives with the central band depths of these five continuum-removed absorptions, it was found that only two band depths of the continuum-removed absorptions were selected, which were the red absorption between 570 and 716 nm and the water absorption between 936 and 990 nm in the near-infrared region (NIR). This implied that the continuum-removed absorptions outperformed the red edges for identifying the defoliation categories. The resulting overall accuracy was 87.5%. The producer accuracy was 100%, 70%, 100% and 80% for the healthy plants, newly defoliated, completely defoliated plants and refoliating canopies, respectively. The corresponding user accuracy was 90.91%, 77.78%, 100% and 80%. Therefore, we concluded that single spectral data based variable failed to separate the four stages but a combination of the two continuum-removed absorptions located in the blue absorption and the first water absorption in the NIR improved the identification of defoliated canopies associated with the dynamic defoliation process of the biological control agent. This study developed the defoliation detection techniques of commonly used binary levels (i.e. defoliation and non-defoliation) to multiple vegetation defoliation levels. We anticipate applying these assessment techniques to wide-area collections of hyperspectral data covering the two spectral regions as described above to further evaluate the effectiveness of these biological control beetles and their impact on saltcedar management in the Western United States. C1 [Ge, Shaokui; Carruthers, Raymond I.] ARS, USDA, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Ge, Shaokui; Kramer, Marc] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Everitt, James H.] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Anderson, Gerald L.] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Ge, SK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM gesk09@gmail.com FU USDA-ARS through CRIS [5325-22000-020-00D NASA, NNA07CN13A] FX We appreciate the assistance from the former Center for the Assessment and Monitoring of Forest and Environmental Resources (CAMFER), University of California at Berkeley for field data collection and evaluation. This study was funded by USDA-ARS through CRIS Project No. 5325-22000-020-00D NASA Grant No. NNA07CN13A. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2011 VL 32 IS 21 BP 6407 EP 6422 DI 10.1080/01431161.2010.510492 PG 16 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 866HI UT WOS:000298370800028 ER PT J AU Wang, LL Qu, JJ Hao, XJ Hunt, ER AF Wang, Lingli Qu, John J. Hao, Xianjun Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr. TI Estimating dry matter content from spectral reflectance for green leaves of different species SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID FUEL MOISTURE-CONTENT; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER MODELS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES MODEL; LANDSAT TM DATA; LEAF-AREA; WINTER-WHEAT; TRAITS; WATER; PROSPECT; SUCCESSION AB Efficient and accurate detection of the temporal dynamics and spatial variations of leaf dry matter content would help monitor key properties and processes in vegetation and the wider ecosystem. However, leaf water content strongly absorbs at shortwave infrared wavelengths, reducing the signal from dry matter. The major objective of this study was to examine relationship between spectral reflectance of fresh leaves and the ratio of leaf dry mass to leaf area, across a wide range of species at the leaf scale. A narrow-band, normalized index combining two distinct wavebands centred at 1649 and 1722 nm achieved the highest overall performance and discriminatory power compared to either single band or first derivatives. The normalized index was evaluated using the PROSPECT (leaf optical properties spectra) simulated reflectance spectra and field measurements from the Leaf Optical Properties Experiment (LOPEX) data set. Both evaluations show that leaf dry matter contents were retrievable with R(2) of 0.845 and 0.681 and regression slopes of 0.903 and 0.886. This study suggests that spectral reflectance measurements hold promise for the assessment of dry matter content for green leaves. Further investigation needs to be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of this normalized index at canopy scales. C1 [Wang, Lingli; Qu, John J.; Hao, Xianjun] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Environm Sci & Technol Ctr ESTC, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Wang, LL (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Environm Sci & Technol Ctr ESTC, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM lwang2@gmu.edu RI Hao, Xianjun/F-7253-2016; Hao, Xianjun/C-9543-2011 OI Hao, Xianjun/0000-0002-8186-6839; Hao, Xianjun/0000-0002-8186-6839 NR 41 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 19 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2011 VL 32 IS 22 BP 7097 EP 7109 DI 10.1080/01431161.2010.494641 PG 13 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 866IA UT WOS:000298372800011 ER PT J AU Su, LH Huang, YX Chopping, MJ Rango, A AF Su, Lihong Huang, Yuxia Chopping, Mark J. Rango, Albert TI Variations in reflectance with seasonality and viewing geometry: implications for semi-arid vegetation mapping with MISR data SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE; LAND; BRDF; CLASSIFICATION; MULTIANGLE; DIFFERENTIATION; RETRIEVAL; IMAGERY; MODELS; ALBEDO AB The purpose of this article is to understand the effect of multi-temporal multi-angle data on vegetation community type mapping in desert regions. Based on data from the multi-angle imaging spectroradiometer (MISR), a set of 46 multi-temporal classification experiments were carried out in the Jornada Experimental Range in New Mexico, USA. Besides multi-angle observations, bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) model parameters were also used as input data for the classifications. The experiments used two widely accepted BRDF models, the Rahman-Pinty-Verstraete (RPV) model and the Ross-thin Li-sparse reciprocal (RTnLS) model. The experiments show that multi-temporal multi-angle classifications can yield a more accurate mapping than multi-temporal nadir classifications, and multi-temporal BRDF model parameters combined with a single nadir image can provide an accuracy roughly the same as all multi-temporal multi-angle observations for the vegetation mapping. These findings opened not only a path of reducing data dimensionality for multi-temporal multi-angle classifications, but also a way of merging products of both MISR and moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) to improve semi-arid vegetation mapping. C1 [Su, Lihong] Texas A&M Univ, Harte Res Inst, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. [Huang, Yuxia] Texas A&M Univ, GIS Program, Dept Comp Sci, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. [Chopping, Mark J.] Montclair State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Studies, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA. [Rango, Albert] USDA, ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Su, LH (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Harte Res Inst, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. EM lihongsu03@yahoo.com NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2011 VL 32 IS 23 BP 8183 EP 8193 DI 10.1080/01431161.2010.532829 PG 11 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 866IO UT WOS:000298374200016 ER PT J AU Kreye, JK Varner, JM Knapp, EE AF Kreye, Jesse K. Varner, J. Morgan Knapp, Eric E. TI Effects of particle fracturing and moisture content on fire behaviour in masticated fuelbeds burned in a laboratory SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE Arctostaphylos; Ceanothus; fire intensity; fuels management; mechanical fuels treatment ID BURNING CHARACTERISTICS; REDUCTION TREATMENTS; FOREST; PINE; OREGON; FUELS; SOIL AB Mechanical mastication is a fuels treatment that converts shrubs and small trees into dense fuelbeds composed of fractured woody particles. Although compaction is thought to reduce fireline intensity, the added particle surface area due to fracturing could also influence fire behaviour. We evaluated effects of particle fracturing and moisture content (ranging from 2.5 to 13%) on fire behaviour in fuelbeds composed of masticated Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry and Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. shrubs in the laboratory. Fuelbeds composed of fractured particles did not burn with greater intensity than fuelbeds composed of intact particles, as hypothesised. Flame heights ranged from 54 to 95 cm and fireline intensity from 50 to 140 kJ s(-1) m(-1), approximating values observed in field experiments. Masticated fuelbeds burned with shorter flame heights and longer flaming duration under higher fuel moistures, but duration of lethal heating (>60 degrees C) above fuelbeds did not differ across the range of fuel moistures, averaging 12 min over a 0.1-m(2) area. Our results suggest that expected fire behaviour increases due to particle fracturing may be overwhelmed by fuelbed bulk density. The long-duration heating of burning masticated fuels may require managers to mitigate effects to trees and soils when fuel loads are high. C1 [Kreye, Jesse K.; Varner, J. Morgan] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Forestry & Wildland Resources, Wildland Fire Lab, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Knapp, Eric E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. RP Kreye, JK (reprint author), Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Newins Ziegler Hall,POB 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jkreye@ufl.edu FU Joint Fire Science Program [05-2-1-20]; USDA FX Funding for this project was provided by the Joint Fire Science Program (Project 05-2-1-20) and the USDA McIntire-Stennis Forestry Research Program. M. Hennessey, M. Kreye, T. Kinnard and J. Kane assisted with field and laboratory work. C. Keyes, B. Graham, J. Kane and L. Kobziar provided helpful input on earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 28 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 8 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2011 VL 20 IS 2 BP 308 EP 317 DI 10.1071/WF09126 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 741XP UT WOS:000288900600012 ER EF