FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT B
AU Laurance, WF
AF Laurance, William F.
BE Sodhi, NS
Ehrlich, PR
TI Habitat destruction: death by a thousand cuts
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY FOR ALL
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS; FOREST FRAGMENTS; CONSERVATION; FUTURE
C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
RP Laurance, WF (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
NR 30
TC 29
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 3
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 198 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA
BN 978-0-19-955424-9; 978-0-19-172066-6; 978-0-19-955423-2
PY 2010
BP 73
EP 87
D2 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199554232.001.0001
PG 15
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BC7SG
UT WOS:000355184200005
ER
PT J
AU Lackey, JA
AF Lackey, James A.
TI Endosperm Size Diversity in Domesticated, Wild, and Semiwild Soybean
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID COTYLEDON AREOLES; BETA-MANNAN; LEGUMINOSAE; ANATOMY; HULLS
AB Past literature documents that domesticated soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., has trivial to almost nonexistent galactomannan-containing endosperm in mature dormant seeds. Current preliminary observations confirm limited endosperm for many domesticated soybean accessions, but show that many others have markedly larger endosperm, as do all wild (G. soja Sieb. & Zucc.) and semiwild (G. gracilis Skvortz.) accessions. A trend toward small endosperm seems to have taken place during soybean domestication, which may be explained by some undesirable effects of galactomannans on monogastric animals. The broad diversity of genetic resources for endosperm size and associated galactomannans in available domesticated, wild, and semiwild accessions suggests use of soybean as a model plant for exploring differences, including water relations, between endospermic and non-endospermic legume seeds. It also suggests their use for breeding domesticated soybean with even smaller amounts of galactomannans for use in animal feeds, large amounts of galactomannans for commercial use, or genetic manipulation of the endosperm for other uses.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Dep Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Lackey, JA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dep Bot, NMNH MRC 166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM lackeyj@si.edu
NR 42
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2010
VL 50
IS 1
BP 168
EP 176
DI 10.2135/cropsci2009.03.0124
PG 9
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 546VN
UT WOS:000273842000019
ER
PT S
AU Kivilcim, CO
Sterenczak, K
Kanjir, U
Sengul, A
Stavbar, G
Pakdil, ME
Lobo, E
Oo, KS
AF Kivilcim, C. O.
Sterenczak, K.
Kanjir, U.
Sengul, A.
Stavbar, G.
Pakdil, M. E.
Lobo, E.
Oo, K. S.
BE Molenaar, M
Woldai, T
Tempelman, S
TI ISPRS STUDENT CONSORTIUM MID-TERM STATUS REPORT (2008-2010)
SO CROSS-BORDER EDUCATION FOR GLOBAL GEO-INFORMATION
SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial
Information Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Cross-Border Education for Global Geo-Information of
ISPRS-Mid-Term-Commission-VI
CY JUN 02-04, 2010
CL Enschede, NETHERLANDS
SP ISPRS Mid Term Commiss VI
DE Education; Training; Sustainable Society; Organization; Future; ISPRS
Student Consortium
AB A new period started in ISPRS with the establishment of the official student and young professional body in the year of 2004; ISPRS Student Consortium (SC). SC has become a recognized structure of the society within the years. It is now a worldwide communication platform for students, young researchers and professionals within the fields of ISPRS. Various activities took place as it mission to provide a platform for exchange of information and organize student-specific events and other actions that integrate students and youth more effectively into ISPRS. The flame of youth was brought to the XXI ISPRS Congress Beijing in 2008. In addition to a number scientific and technical events dedicated to youth in the Beijing Congress, SC Assembly was held where statues of Student Consortium was voted and accepted. With the beginning of the new term, SC Board Members, Regional Coordinators and ISPRS TC VI/5 organized a number of technical activities and attended several events in international, regional and national levels in different continents, to promote SC and its mission. The volunteered members have been working to improve and extend the outputs such as high quality annual newsletter and public related materials and developing a well structured SC website. It organized the 4th annual Summer School in Warsaw, Poland in 2009, a SC Conference and co-organized workshops in Latin America with WGVI/5. Several activities were organized and ISPRS SC was presented by members in different student and professional organizations such as Asian Remote Sensing Society and United Kingdom Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry Society, International Geodetic Students Meeting, German Spoken Countries Student Society. In addition to these, SC has put in attention to increase the synergy and the participation of the young generation within ISPRS while maintaining its fundamental role. A number of the ISPRS TC Midterm symposiums in 2010 are targeted to increase the participation and activity of youth. This paper focuses to the continuous development in the organization, evaluates the activity and implementation of work plans between the years 2008-2010. In the final stage, it looks to the overall picture with ideas and further steps should be taken for the future of ISPRS SC.
C1 [Kivilcim, C. O.; Sengul, A.; Pakdil, M. E.] ITU, Dept Geomat Engn, Fac Civil Engn, Istanbul, Turkey.
[Sterenczak, K.] Warsaw Univ Life Sci, Fac Forestry, Dept Forest Management Geomat & Econ, Warsaw, Poland.
[Kanjir, U.; Stavbar, G.] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Civil & Geodet Engn, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
[Oo, K. S.] Kochi Univ Technol, Takagi Lab, Kochi, Japan.
[Lobo, E.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Smithsonian, Panama.
RP Kivilcim, CO (reprint author), ITU, Dept Geomat Engn, Fac Civil Engn, Istanbul, Turkey.
EM kcemalozgur@hotmail.com; Krzysztof.Sterenczak@wl.sggw.pl;
ursa.kanjir@gmail.com; ahmetsengul@gmail.com; mete@mtrcn.com;
elobo2@life.uiuc.edu; kyawsannoo@yahoo.com
OI Sterenczak, Krzysztof/0000-0002-9556-0144
FU TC VI; ISPRS Council
FX Once more we would like to express my sincere regards and thanks to
continuous support and teachings of his experiences Dr. Manos
Baltsavias, Chair of WGVI/ 5. We are all grateful to TC VI and ISPRS
Council from ( 2004- 2008 and 2008- 2012) for their support. I also
would like to express our sincere regards to Prof. Mojca Fras, Dr. Anka
Lisec, Prof. Kohei Cho and Dr. Rahmi Nurhan Eelik, previous and current
supporters. We thank to all international volunteers and sponsors to our
events and activities.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 2194-9034
J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM
PY 2010
VL 38
BP 32
EP 37
PN 6
PG 6
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Geography, Physical
SC Education & Educational Research; Physical Geography
GA BB2NO
UT WOS:000341930300009
ER
PT J
AU Viviani, CA
Hiller, A
Werding, B
AF Viviani, Carlos A.
Hiller, Alexandra
Werding, Bernd
TI SWARMING IN OPEN SPACE IN THE ROCKY INTERTIDAL: A NEW
POPULATION-SETTLEMENT STRATEGY IN THE EASTERN PACIFIC PORCELLANID CRAB,
ALLOPETROLISTHES PUNCTATUS (DECAPODA, ANOMURA, PORCELLANIDAE)
SO CRUSTACEANA
LA English
DT Article
ID PETROLISTHES-CINCTIPES ANOMURA; CRUSTACEA; SIZE
AB Porcellanids are filter-feeders and most often inhabitants of the rocky intertidal and upper subtidal of all oceans. The limiting resource for these crabs is not food but space, which must meet the conditions of being hard, optimally exposed regarding water movement, and offering the crabs protection from predators. An optimal filtering spot is therefore actively controlled by one individual, usually the largest and strongest crab, through agonistic interactions. One southeast Pacific species, Allopetrolisthes punctatus (Guerin, 1835), displays a contrasting, atypical behaviour and settlement strategy, as it occupies open-spaced, unprotected, and therefore amply available space in the rocky intertidal. In order to investigate the biology of this species we carried out observations in the field and in aquariums in the vicinity of Coquimbo, Chile. A. punctatus seems to reduce predation pressure by building large swarms of individuals. The crabs tend to climb on top of each other, forming several layers. Adults were observed to carry juveniles on the carapace, chelipeds, and walking legs. We interpret this settlement strategy as an evolutionary novelty within the Porcellanidae, that allowed occupying non-colonized areas while maximizing survival of juveniles through a sort of "foster" parental care.
C1 [Viviani, Carlos A.] Univ Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile.
[Hiller, Alexandra] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City 084303092, Panama.
[Werding, Bernd] Univ Giessen, Inst Tierokol, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
RP Viviani, CA (reprint author), Univ Arturo Prat, Ave Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique, Chile.
EM carlosantonio.viviani@gmail.com; HillerA@si.edu;
Bernd.Werding@bio.uni-giessen.de
FU DAAD (German Academic Exchange Service); DFG (German Research
Foundation)
FX This study was supported by DAAD (German Academic Exchange Service)
fellowships granted to C. A. Viviani. The field trip of B. Werding was
partly financed by the DFG (German Research Foundation). We wish to
thank Dr. Alfredo Cea Egana, La Herradura, Coquimbo, Chile, for
providing us with the first photographs of the aggregations of
Allopetrolisthes punctatus that he had made in his active time as a skin
diver, and who gave us the first hint to the phenomenon described here.
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 5
PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
PI LEIDEN
PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS
SN 0011-216X
J9 CRUSTACEANA
JI Crustaceana
PY 2010
VL 83
IS 4
BP 435
EP 442
DI 10.1163/001121610X489395
PG 8
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 598SX
UT WOS:000277859800004
ER
PT J
AU Kornicker, LS
Humphreys, WF
Danielopol, DL
Harrison-Nelson, E
AF Kornicker, Louis S.
Humphreys, W. F.
Danielopol, D. L.
Harrison-Nelson, Elizabeth
TI ONTOGENY OF AN ANCHIALINE OSTRACOD FROM WESTERN AUSTRALIA AND COMMENTS
ON THE ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION OF HALOCYPRIDIDAE
SO CRUSTACEANA
LA English
DT Article
ID SP N. OSTRACODA; CHICXULUB IMPACT; INDIAN-OCEAN; CHRISTMAS ISLAND;
DOLLOS LAW; EXTINCTION; CAVES; THAUMATOCYPRIDOIDEA; KORNICKERI
AB Juvenile instars II, IV, and V of the anchialine halocyprid ostracod Danielopolina kornickeri Danielopol, Baltanas & Humphreys, 2000 (Thaumatocyprididae) are described and illustrated. In addition, a supplementary description of the adult male is presented. Specimens had been collected in Bundera Sinkhole, the type locality of the species in Western Australia. Also, juvenile instars I and II of the deep-sea species Thaumatoconcha radiata Kornicker & Sohn, 1976, which is in the same family as members of the genus Danielopolina, are described and illustrated. It is tentatively concluded that during its ontogeny, D. kornickeri has 6 growth stages; morphological characters useful in identifying the stage and sex of juveniles of D. kornickeri are presented. Finally, the hypothesis is proposed for an anchialine cave ancestor to the present-day planktonic Halocyprididae, now widely spread in the oceans.
C1 [Kornicker, Louis S.; Harrison-Nelson, Elizabeth] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Humphreys, W. F.] Western Australian Museum, Collect & Res Ctr, Welshpool Dc, WA 6986, Australia.
[Humphreys, W. F.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Anim Biol, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
[Humphreys, W. F.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
[Danielopol, D. L.] Graz Univ, Austrian Acad Sci, Commiss Stratig & Palaeontol Res Austria, Inst Earth Sci, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
RP Kornicker, LS (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM kornickl@si.edu; bill.humphreys@museum.wa.gov.au;
dan.danielopol@oeaw.ac.at; nelsone@si.edu
FU Western Australian Museum; Department of Conservation and Land
Management; National Estate Grants Program
FX We thank the cave divers who voluntarily facilitated collection of the
specimens from Bundera Sinkhole described herein, namely Craig Campbell,
Paul Hosie, Andrew Poole, and David Warren. We also thank those
colleagues who generously provided various information, namely: M. V.
Angel (Southampton), J. P. Colin (Cestas), R. V. Dingle (Cambridge), C.
Koberl (Vienna), D. J. Horne (London), S. Iepure (Cluj), A. Lord
(Frankfurt/ Main), P. Marmonier (Lyon), T. Namiotko (Gdansk), W. Piller
(Graz), B. Sket (Ljubljana). The assistance of both Abbie Yorkoff who
assisted in preparing the manuscript and Lana Ong who assisted in
preparing the illustrations is appreciated. Field work was funded by the
Western Australian Museum and grants to WFH from the Department of
Conservation and Land Management and the former National Estate Grants
Program, a Commonwealth-funded grants scheme administered by the
Australian Heritage Commission (Federal Government) and the Heritage
Council of Western Australia (State Government).
NR 48
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 2
PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
PI LEIDEN
PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS
SN 0011-216X
EI 1568-5403
J9 CRUSTACEANA
JI Crustaceana
PY 2010
VL 83
IS 6
BP 715
EP 752
DI 10.1163/001121610X498872
PG 38
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 598TC
UT WOS:000277860400006
ER
PT J
AU Fornshell, J
Ferrari, FD
AF Fornshell, John
Ferrari, Frank D.
TI MORPHOLOGICAL VARIABILITY OF PLEUROMAMMA ABDOMINALIS (COPEPODA,
CALANOIDA, METRIDINIDAE) ALONG TWO LATITUDINAL TRANSECTS IN THE EASTERN
NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN
SO CRUSTACEANA
LA English
DT Article
ID VERTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS; ZOOPLANKTON
AB Adult females andmales of Pleuromamma abdominalis were examined from 26 plankton samples taken at stations in the eastern North Pacific Ocean along two latitudinal gradients, 150 degrees W between 21.55 degrees N and 14.00 degrees S, and 119 degrees W between 17.09 degrees N and 20.00 degrees S. The species was found at all stations except three between 17.9 degrees N and 12.6 degrees N along 119 degrees W. Variation within a sample was observed in the ventral attenuations [= spiniform outgrowths] of the first segment of antenna 1 of females, and specimens referable to P. abdominalis forma edentata could not be distinguished unequivocally from other females. Males with a strongly asymmetrical urosome and re-curved lateral seta on the left caudal ramus, referable to P. abdominalis forma abdominalis, were found, as were males with a quasi-symmetrical urosome and simple lateral seta on the left caudal ramus, referable to P. abdominalis forma abyssalis. Specimens of the latter form were not restricted to deep water but were present in samples taken as shallow as 200 m. Males with a slightly asymmetrical urosome, not as pronounced as that of P. abdominalis forma abdominalis, and with a simple lateral seta on the left caudal ramus, also were found. The degree of asymmetry among this third group of males was variable. There was no discernable pattern in depth or geographical distribution of either female or male morphs. Based on gradations of morphological states traditionally used to diagnose the different forms of P. abdominalis, the species appears to be variable, but the nominal forms should not be considered subspecies. Morphological variation among females and males of P. abdominalis should continue to be registered; in situations where groups of P. abdominalis can be clearly categorized, they should be denoted simply as morphs.
C1 [Fornshell, John; Ferrari, Frank D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, IZ MSC, MRC 534, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
RP Fornshell, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, IZ MSC, MRC 534, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
EM johnfornshell@hotmail.com
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 5
PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
PI LEIDEN
PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS
SN 0011-216X
J9 CRUSTACEANA
JI Crustaceana
PY 2010
VL 83
IS 6
BP 753
EP 765
DI 10.1163/001121610X492120
PG 13
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 598TC
UT WOS:000277860400007
ER
PT J
AU Basterra, MD
AF del Rosario Basterra, Maria
BE DelRosarioBasterra, M
Trumbull, E
SolanoFlores, G
TI Cognition, Culture, Language, and Assessment How to Select Culturally
Valid Assessments in the Classroom
SO CULTURAL VALIDITY IN ASSESSMENT: ADDRESSING LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL
DIVERSITY
SE Language Culture and Teaching
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID SCIENCE ASSESSMENTS; KNOWLEDGE; ENGLISH
C1 [del Rosario Basterra, Maria] Smithsonian Inst, Multicultural Programs, Smithsonian Off Educ, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 67
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 2
PU ROUTLEDGE
PI LONDON
PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-415-99979-3
J9 LANG CULT TEACH
PY 2010
BP 72
EP 95
PG 24
WC Education & Educational Research; Language & Linguistics
SC Education & Educational Research; Linguistics
GA BUI00
UT WOS:000289410900006
ER
PT B
AU Trumbull, E
Basterra, MD
Solano-Flores, G
AF Trumbull, Elise
del Rosario Basterra, Maria
Solano-Flores, Guillermo
BE DelRosarioBasterra, M
Trumbull, E
SolanoFlores, G
TI Reflections on the Promise of Cultural Validity in Assessment
SO CULTURAL VALIDITY IN ASSESSMENT: ADDRESSING LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL
DIVERSITY
SE Language Culture and Teaching
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 [Solano-Flores, Guillermo] Univ Colorado, Sch Educ, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[del Rosario Basterra, Maria] Smithsonian Inst, Multicultural Programs, Smithsonian Off Educ, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ROUTLEDGE
PI LONDON
PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-415-99979-3
J9 LANG CULT TEACH
PY 2010
BP 277
EP 287
PG 11
WC Education & Educational Research; Language & Linguistics
SC Education & Educational Research; Linguistics
GA BUI00
UT WOS:000289410900014
ER
PT J
AU Kun, ME
Piantoni, C
Krenz, JD
Ibarguengoytia, NR
AF Kun, Marcelo E.
Piantoni, Carla
Krenz, John D.
Ibargueengoytia, Nora R.
TI Dietary analysis of Homonota darwini (Squamata: Gekkonidae) in Northern
Patagonia
SO CURRENT ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Nocturnal lizards; Diet; Gekkonidae; Patagonia; PCA
ID NOCTURNAL LIZARD; LOW-TEMPERATURE; LIFE-HISTORY; GECKOS; PERFORMANCE;
ECOLOGY; GROWTH; ENVIRONMENTS; LOCOMOTION; BIOLOGY
AB Our study investigated the diet of the southernmost gecko in the world, Homonota darwini. Fifty-three specimens were captured during spring and summer in four locations in Patagonia, Argentina. The stomach contents of the specimens were identified, and we found that prey consisted of six main groups: Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Homoptera and Araneae, and the adults and larvae of moth Lepidoptera. Lepidoptera was the major dietary component. The presence of ants and moths as common prey suggests an ambush feeding strategy. In spring, females consumed more ants than males although no other dietary differences between males and females were evident. We found nine geckos with empty stomachs and six parasitized by nematodes. Presence of empty stomachs corroborates previous observations of other nocturnal geckos and non-gecko lizards. Reduced foraging success of nocturnal lizards could be due to difficulty in prey detection due to dim light, reduced or erratic activity of insect prey at night, or shorter activity times of geckos relative to diurnal success. Sex and season were not associated with the incidence of empty stomachs. Principal component analysis showed that four food alternatives correlated with season. The constraint of nocturnality, coupled with low night-time temperatures restricting feeding to only a few hours after sunset, appear to have caused a generality of diet which may limit energy acquisition. We conclude that H. darwini is an arthropod generalist and likely an ambush forager, as are many other nocturnal gekkonids [Current Zoology 56 (4): 406-410, 2010].
C1 [Kun, Marcelo E.; Ibargueengoytia, Nora R.] Univ Comahue, Ctr Reg Univ Bariloche, Dept Zool, Unidad Postal Univ Comahue, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
[Piantoni, Carla] Smithsonian Inst, NHB, MRC 163, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Krenz, John D.] Mankato State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Mankato, MN 56001 USA.
[Ibargueengoytia, Nora R.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Inst Invest Diversidad & Medio Ambiente INIBIOMA, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
RP Kun, ME (reprint author), Univ Comahue, Ctr Reg Univ Bariloche, Dept Zool, Unidad Postal Univ Comahue, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
EM mkun@crub.uncoma.edu.ar; norai@bariloche.com.ar
RI Piantoni, Carla/K-2986-2015
OI Piantoni, Carla/0000-0002-1201-0041
FU CONICET [PIP5625, PICT 1086]; [UNC04B129]
FX We are especially indebted to Felipe F. Curcio (Departamento de
Zoologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo) and two anonymous reviewers for
their constructive criticism which have substantially improved the final
product. The present study was partially supported by funds from
UNC04B129 and CONICET PIP5625 and PICT 1086. We wish also to thank Dr.
Pablo Martinez for the identification of the oribatid mite.
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 7
PU CURRENT ZOOLOGY
PI BEIJING
PA CHINESE ACAD SCIENCES, INST ZOOLOGY, BEICHEN XILU, CHAOYANG DISTRICT,
BEIJING, 100101, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1674-5507
J9 CURR ZOOL
JI Curr. Zool.
PY 2010
VL 56
IS 4
BP 406
EP 410
PG 5
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 619AS
UT WOS:000279399300004
ER
PT S
AU Carrano, MT
Wilson, JA
Barrett, PM
AF Carrano, Matthew T.
Wilson, Jeffrey A.
Barrett, Paul M.
BE Moody, RTJ
Buffetaut, E
Naish, D
Martill, DM
TI The history of dinosaur collecting in central India, 1828-1947
SO DINOSAURS AND OTHER EXTINCT SAURIANS: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
SE Geological Society Special Publication
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID CARNOSAURS
AB The history of dinosaur collecting in central India (former Central Provinces and Central India Agency) began in 1828 when W. H. Sleeman discovered isolated sauropod caudal vertebrae in the Lameta Formation near Jabalpur. Subsequently, the area became a focal point for fossil collection, leading to a series of further discoveries that continues today.
The earliest discoveries were made by numerous collectors for whom palaeontology was a secondary pursuit, and who were employed in the armed forces (W. H. Sleeman and W. T. Nicolls), medicine (G. G. Spilsbury) or as geologists (T. Oldham, H. B. Medlicott, T. W. H. Hughes and C. A. Matley). Most of their finds were concentrated around Jabalpur or farther south near Pisdura and often consisted of isolated, surface-collected bones.
Charles Matley undertook the two most extensive collecting efforts, in 1917-1919 and 1932-1933 (Percy Sladen Trust Expedition). As a result he discovered significant deposits of dinosaurs on Bara Simla and Chhota Simla, revisited Pisdura, and mapped the Lameta Formation. Many new dinosaur taxa resulted from Matley's studies, which still represent most of the known Lameta Formation dinosaur fauna. Current scientific understanding places these fossils among the Sauropoda (as titanosaurians) and Theropoda (as abelisaurids and noasaurids). Early reports of armoured ornithischians were erroneous; these materials also pertain to sauropods and theropods.
C1 [Carrano, Matthew T.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Wilson, Jeffrey A.] Univ Michigan, Museum Paleontol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Wilson, Jeffrey A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Geol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Barrett, Paul M.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Palaeontol, London SW7 5BD, England.
RP Carrano, MT (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, POB 37012,MRC 121, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM carranom@si.edu
RI Barrett, Paul/A-2648-2010; Carrano, Matthew/C-7601-2011
OI Barrett, Paul/0000-0003-0412-3000; Carrano, Matthew/0000-0003-2129-1612
NR 36
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC PUBLISHING HOUSE
PI BATH
PA UNIT 7, BRASSMILL ENTERPRISE CTR, BRASSMILL LANE, BATH BA1 3JN, AVON,
ENGLAND
SN 0305-8719
BN 978-1-86239-311-0
J9 GEOL SOC SPEC PUBL
JI Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ.
PY 2010
VL 343
BP 161
EP 173
DI 10.1144/SP343.9
PG 13
WC Geology; Paleontology
SC Geology; Paleontology
GA BTX98
UT WOS:000288386000009
ER
PT J
AU Dunham, AE
Mikheyev, AS
AF Dunham, Amy E.
Mikheyev, Alexander S.
TI Influence of an invasive ant on grazing and detrital communities and
nutrient fluxes in a tropical forest
SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Biological invasion; ecosystem function; food web; invasive ants;
nutrient cycling; trophic cascade
ID SOIL FOOD-WEB; RED FIRE ANT; WASMANNIA-AUROPUNCTATA; TROPHIC CASCADES;
GROUND IMPACTS; PREDATORS; CONSEQUENCES; BIODIVERSITY; ECOSYSTEMS;
COLLEMBOLA
AB Aim Pathways linking grazing and detrital subsystems of terrestrial ecosystems are important for ecosystem processes and function, but remain poorly understood. The invasion of a generalist predator creates a unique opportunity to study the effects of predation across these subsystems. We examine here, the effects of a non-native generalist predator, the little red fire ant (Wasmannia auropunctata, Roger) on both grazing and detrital invertebrate communities and ecosystem processes in a rain forest understorey.
Location Gamba Protected Area Complex, south-western Gabon, Africa.
Methods We measured abundances and diversities of understorey grazing and detrital invertebrate communities, soil nutrients, herbivory, litter fragmentation rates and leaf chemistry of a dominant understorey shrub inside and outside of 19 separate invasion fronts. We then explored possible trophic cascades and pathways of interaction using path analysis.
Results Results suggest that invasive ants may alter herbivory regimes, grazing and detrital communities, and may indirectly alter litter decomposition and nutrient cycling in the soil by suppressing important microbivore and detritivore populations with consequences for leaf chemistry.
Main conclusions These results demonstrate that generalist predators may be major drivers of both grazing and detrital subsystems by inducing strong shifts in adjacent communities that ultimately affect ecosystem processes.
C1 [Dunham, Amy E.] Rice Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Dunham, Amy E.] Smithsonian Conservat & Res Ctr, Monitoring & Assessment Biodivers Program, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Mikheyev, Alexander S.] Univ Texas Austin, Sect Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78752 USA.
RP Dunham, AE (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, MS 170,6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
EM aed4@rice.edu
RI Mikheyev, Alexander Mikheyev/E-7999-2013; Dunham, Amy/B-6161-2009;
Mikheyev, Alexander/O-7670-2014
OI Mikheyev, Alexander Mikheyev/0000-0003-4369-1019; Dunham,
Amy/0000-0002-5184-3652; Mikheyev, Alexander/0000-0003-4369-1019
FU Shell Foundation; US Smithsonian Endowment; Gabon Biodiversity Program
[119]
FX Thanks to A. Alfonso, A. Henderson and V. Rudolf for discussions and
advice and A. Alfonso and Smithsonian's Monitoring and Assessment of
Biodiversity (MAB) program for hosting and sponsoring our work through a
grant from the Shell Foundation. We thank L. Tchingnoumba for assistance
in field work and laboratory processing of macroinvertebrates, and T.
Pacheco, A. Honorez and O.S.G. Pauwels for organizational and
administrative support. We thank Shell Gabon for providing logistic
support and the US Smithsonian Endowment for funding this project. This
is publication #119 of the Gabon Biodiversity Program.
NR 55
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 50
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1366-9516
J9 DIVERS DISTRIB
JI Divers. Distrib.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 16
IS 1
BP 33
EP 42
DI 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2009.00620.x
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 545HM
UT WOS:000273723100004
ER
PT J
AU Fraser, NC
Sues, HD
AF Fraser, Nicholas C.
Sues, Hans-Dieter
TI The beginning of the 'Age of Dinosaurs': a brief overview of terrestrial
biotic changes during the Triassic
SO EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF
EDINBURGH
LA English
DT Article
DE extinctions; insects; Pangaea; plants; tetrapods
ID EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; ATLANTIC MAGMATIC PROVINCE; END-PERMIAN
EXTINCTION; NEWARK RIFT BASIN; MASS-EXTINCTION; JURASSIC BOUNDARY; EARLY
EVOLUTION; TETRAPOD EXTINCTIONS; CHINLE FORMATION; IMPACT EJECTA
AB The first appearance of dinosaurs during the early Late Triassic coincided with marked faunal changes in terrestrial ecosystems. Most of the major groups of extant tetrapods (or their proximate sister-taxa), including mammaliaforms, crocodyliform archosaurs, lepidosaurs and turtles, also first appeared in the fossil record during the Late Triassic. On the other hand, a number of Palaeozoic 'holdovers', such as procolophonid parareptiles, dicynodont therapsids and many groups of temnospondyls, vanished near or at the end of the Triassic. The tempo and mode of this faunal turnover have long been debated, but there has been growing acceptance of a rather sudden event, although the precise dating of such an event remains controversial. However, new discoveries have cast doubt on this assumption. The persistence of non-dinosaurian dinosauromorphs alongside dinosaurs well into Norian times hints at a more protracted turnover. New data on Triassic insect assemblages indicate that turnover among insects may also have been more protracted and possibly not co-incident with the faunal changes among tetrapods. Future work directed toward improved absolute age assessments for major faunal assemblages will be critical for a better understanding of the transition from therapsid-dominated to dinosaur-dominated communities during the early Mesozoic.
C1 [Fraser, Nicholas C.] Natl Museums Scotland, Edinburgh EH1 1JF, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Sues, Hans-Dieter] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, MRC 121, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Fraser, NC (reprint author), Natl Museums Scotland, Chambers St, Edinburgh EH1 1JF, Midlothian, Scotland.
NR 115
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 25
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND
SN 1755-6910
J9 EARTH ENV SCI T R SO
JI Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb.
PY 2010
VL 101
SI SI
BP 189
EP 200
DI 10.1017/S1755691011020019
PN 3-4
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology
SC Geology; Paleontology
GA 793AE
UT WOS:000292791700002
ER
PT J
AU French, BM
Koeberl, C
AF French, Bevan M.
Koeberl, Christian
TI The convincing identification of terrestrial meteorite impact
structures: What works, what doesn't, and why
SO EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE impact craters; shock metamorphism; shocked quartz; spherules; craters;
crater identification
ID CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY BOUNDARY; PERMIAN-TRIASSIC BOUNDARY; PLANAR
DEFORMATION FEATURES; PROBABLE EXTRATERRESTRIAL CONNECTION; MIOCENE
BURIED CRATER; NORTH BONAPARTE BASIN; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE;
GAMMA COINCIDENCE SPECTROMETRY; SILICATE LIQUID IMMISCIBILITY;
SERRAVALLIAN PUFFIN STRUCTURE
AB In the geological sciences it has only recently been recognized how important the process of impact cratering is on a planetary scale, where it is commonly the most important surface-modifying process. On the Moon and other planetary bodies that lack an appreciable atmosphere. meteorite impact craters are well preserved, and they can commonly be recognized from morphological characteristics, but on Earth complications arise as a consequence of the weathering, obliteration, deformation, or burial of impact craters and the projectiles that formed them. These problems made it necessary to develop diagnostic criteria for the identification and confirmation of impact structures on Earth. Diagnostic evidence for impact events is often present in the target rocks that were affected by the impact. The conditions of impact produce an unusual group of melted, shocked, and brecciated rocks, some of which fill the resulting crater, and others which are transported, in some cases to considerable distances from the source crater. Only the presence of diagnostic shock-metamorphic effects and, in some cases, the discovery of meteorites, or traces thereof, is generally accepted as unambiguous evidence for an impact origin. Shock deformation can be expressed in macroscopic form (shatter cones) or in microscopic forms (e.g.. distinctive planar deformation features [PDFs] in quartz). In nature, shock-metamorphic effects are uniquely characteristic of shock levels associated with hypervelocity impact. The same two criteria (shock-metamorphic effects or traces of the impacting meteorite) apply to distal impact ejecta layers, and their presence confirms that materials found in such layers originated in an impact event at a possibly still unknown location. As of 2009 about 175 impact structures have been identified on Earth based on these criteria. A wide variety of shock-metamorphic effects has been identified, with the best diagnostic indicators for shock metamorphism being features that can be studied easily by using the polarizing microscope. These include specific planar microdeformation features (planar fractures [PFs], PDFs), isotropization (e.g., formation of diaplectic glasses), and phase changes (high pressure phases; melting). The present review provides a detailed discussion of shock effects and geochemical tracers that can be used for the unambiguous identification of impact structures, as well as an overview of doubtful criteria or ambiguous lines of evidence that have erroneously been applied in the past. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Koeberl, Christian] Univ Vienna, Dept Lithospher Res, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
[French, Bevan M.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, NMNH, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Koeberl, C (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Dept Lithospher Res, Althanstr 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
EM frenchb@si.edu; christian.koeberl@univie.ac.at
FU Austrian Science Foundation [P18862-N10]; Smithsonian Institution
FX We are grateful to a large number of colleagues who have provided
comments, input, encouragement, material, photographs, discussions, etc.
These include: B. Bohor, M. Boslough, W. Cannon, P. Claeys, G. Collins,
M. Dence, A. Deutsch, B. Dressler, L. Ferriere, B. Glass, R. Grieve, G.
Izett, S. Jaret, F. Langenhorst, H.J. Melosh, A. Montanari, J. Morrow,
J. Ormb, G. Osinski, E. Pierazzo, W.U. Reimold, N.M. Short, B. Simonson,
J. Spray, D. Stoffler, R.H. Vernon, and many others. We also thank the
Department of Geology, University of Maryland, and S. Penniston-Dorland
for the assistance with samples and photography of non-impact
deformation structures in quartz, and JoAnn Sanner, Department of
Paleobiology, Smithsonian Institution, for help with preparation of some
graphics. We are especially grateful to Jared R. Morrow and J. Wright
Horton,jr. for thorough, detailed, and extremely helpful reviews of the
manuscript. CK has been supported by the Austrian Science Foundation,
most recently by grant P18862-N10. BMF thanks the Smithsonian
Institution for support of this work as an Adjunct Scientist, and
Mary-Hill French for continuing support, commentary, and patience.
NR 636
TC 178
Z9 180
U1 12
U2 92
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-8252
EI 1872-6828
J9 EARTH-SCI REV
JI Earth-Sci. Rev.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 98
IS 1-2
BP 123
EP 170
DI 10.1016/j.earscirev.2009.10.009
PG 48
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 556AT
UT WOS:000274559600006
ER
PT B
AU Pawson, DL
Vance, DJ
AF Pawson, David L.
Vance, Doris J.
BE Harris, LG
Bottger, SA
Walker, CW
Lesser, MP
TI Austin Hobart Clark (1880-1954): His echinoderm research and contacts
with his colleagues
SO ECHINODERMS: DURHAM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Echinoderm Conference
CY AUG 07-11, 2006
CL Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH
HO Univ New Hampshire
AB Austin H. Clark (AHC) was a world authority on the Echinodermata, especially sea lilies and feather stars. His 218 publications on echinoderms included the magisterial 4500-page monograph on crinoids (1915-1967), the final volume co-authored by A.M. Clark. AHC exchanged thousands of good-humored letters with colleagues; they discussed evolution, classification, and ecology of echinoderms. Fisher, H.L. and A.M. Clark, Springer, Koehler, Verrill, Mortensen, Deichmann, were among his closest friends. AHC described 489 new species of echinoderms; he also won renown for research on butterflies, peripatus worms, and birds. He published a dozen books and about 300 popular articles on general natural history. He pioneered science programs on the radio in the 1920's. Of all his astonishing achievements in science, AHC will best be remembered for: (I) His crinoid research - he brought order to this group of complex animals, and (2) Establishing the great echinoderm collections at the Smithsonian Institution.
C1 [Pawson, David L.; Vance, Doris J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Pawson, DL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-0-415-40819-6
PY 2010
BP XXV
EP XXXVI
PG 12
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA BPB76
UT WOS:000278474900001
ER
PT B
AU Lessios, HA
AF Lessios, H. A.
BE Harris, LG
Bottger, SA
Walker, CW
Lesser, MP
TI Speciation in sea urchins
SO ECHINODERMS: DURHAM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Echinoderm Conference
CY AUG 07-11, 2006
CL Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH
HO Univ New Hampshire
ID GENUS ECHINOMETRA; GAMETE RECOGNITION; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENIES;
POPULATION-STRUCTURE; ADAPTIVE EVOLUTION; POSITIVE SELECTION; RAPID
EVOLUTION; SPERM BINDIN; PACIFIC; HYBRIDIZATION
AB Data relevant to processes that give rise to new species of echinoids are reviewed. Phylogeo-graphic information from mitochondrial DNA is used to ask whether speciation in sea urchins fits the allopatric model, which predicts that if reproductive isolation accumulates steadily with time, then young, closely related species would tend to occur on two sides of a geographic barrier. The conclusion of this analysis is that most genera show a strong signature of allopatric speciation, but that Echinometra, Lytechinus and Stronglyocentrotus also contain recently diverged sister species that are sympatric. The reason for these exceptions is probably not that sympatric speciation has occurred, but rater that reproductive isolation is not a function of divergence time alone. Although postzygotic isolation (lower hybrid fitness) in echinoids is correlated with divergence time, prezygotic isolation seems to arise due to additional factors, which at are not necessarily related to the time that species have remained separate. There is no correlation between gametic incompatibility and time; bindin, one of the molecules responsible for gametic isolation, evolves under strong selection in some genera, but neutrally in others. Even though there is some evidence for reinforcement as a selective force on bindin, the differences in intensity of selection between the genera are more likely caused by intraspecific processes, such as variation in local sperm density. If so, age of species would not be a good predictor of geographic overlap, because young species may be reproductively isolated, while old species may be compatible, regardless of whether they arose sympatrically or allopatrically. The paucity of extant species in echinoids indicates that even though gametic reproductive isolation can arise rapidly, such events, leading to speciation, do not happen often.
C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Lessios, HA (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
NR 60
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 4
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-0-415-40819-6
PY 2010
BP 91
EP 101
PG 11
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA BPB76
UT WOS:000278474900015
ER
PT J
AU Marten-Rodriguez, S
Fenster, CB
AF Marten-Rodriguez, Silvana
Fenster, Charles B.
TI Pollen limitation and reproductive assurance in Antillean Gesnerieae: a
specialists vs. generalist comparison
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE autonomous self-pollination; Dominican Republic; generalized
pollination; Gesneriaceae; pollen limitation; Puerto Rico; reproductive
assurance; specialized pollination
ID AQUILEGIA-CANADENSIS RANUNCULACEAE; SELF-FERTILIZATION; POLLINATION
SYNDROMES; PLANT REPRODUCTION; CROSS-FERTILIZATION; FLOWERING PLANTS;
BREEDING SYSTEMS; SELECTION; VISITATION; SIZE
AB Pollen limitation of female fecundity is widespread among angiosperms, a signal that pollinators frequently fail to transfer pollen to fertilize all ovules. Recent surveys have suggested that pollen limitation is associated with floral specialization. This Study uses a group of Antillean Gesneriaceae with contrasting pollination systems (bat, hummingbird, and generalist) to assess the premise that plants with specialized pollination systems and infrequent pollinator Visitation experience greater pollen limitation Of fruit and seed set than their generalist congeners. Alternatively, specialists may possess mechanisms that reduce pollen limitation such as autonomous self-pollination. A survey of autonomous Self-pollination conducted on 13 Gesneria and Rhytidophyllum species during 2006-2008 revealed no significant association between reproductive assurance mechanisms and pollination system specialization. However, high levels of potential autonomous self-pollination were Only found among specialized hummingbird-pollinated species. A comparison of fruit and seed set between emasculated and unmanipulated flowers provided evidence for autonomous selfing acting as I reproductive assurance mechanism in three out of four ornithophilous species. Furthermore. the Puerto Rican population of G. reticulata relies almost exclusively on self-pollination for reproduction. Two-year pollen supplementation experiments conducted on nine Gesnerieae species from the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico provided evidence for significant pollen limitation associated with pollination specialization including both bat- and hummingbird-pollinated Gesnerieae, no pollen limitation was detected in any of the four generalist species. No pollen limitation was detected either in two ornithophilous Gesneria species with low hummingbird visitation and high levels of autonomous self-pollination. This Study provides Support for the idea that generalized pollination systems may, in some cases. buffer against fluctuations in the pollinator environment. However, the use of reproductive assurance mechanisms allows the maintenance of highly specialized pollination systems ill pollinator depauperate environments.
C1 [Marten-Rodriguez, Silvana; Fenster, Charles B.] Univ Maryland, Behav Ecol Evolut & Systemat Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Marten-Rodriguez, Silvana] Univ Costa Rica, Herbario, Escuela Biol, San Jose, Costa Rica.
[Fenster, Charles B.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Marten-Rodriguez, S (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Biol, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM smartenr@gmail.com
FU American Gloxinia and Gesneria Society; Explorers Club-Washington Group;
Graduate Woman in Science; Sigma Xi; University of Maryland; NSF [DDIG
0710196]
FX We are grateful to Abel Almarales, Teodoro Clase, Xin-Sheng Chen, Ana
Chuquin. Michel Faife, Daniel Growald. Carlo Moreno, Brigiclo Peguero,
and Daniel Stanton for invaluable assistance conducting fieldwork. We
are grateful to M. Dudash, C. Herrera. D. Inouye, and two anonymous
reviewers for insiglifful revisions to earlier versions of this
manuscript. We thank R. Reynolds for statistical assistance. We thank
the Arecibo Observatory and Jardin Botanico de Santo Domingo for
logistical Support. Funding for fieldwork was provided by the American
Gloxinia and Gesneria Society, Bamford Fund (UMD), the Explorers
Club-Washington Group, Graduate Woman in Science, Sigma Xi, and the
University of Maryland to S. Marten-Rodriguez, and NSF DDIG 0710196 to
S. Marten-Rodriguez and C. B. Fenster.
NR 45
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 30
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 1
BP 155
EP 165
DI 10.1890/08-2115.1
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 567PG
UT WOS:000275458500019
PM 20380205
ER
PT S
AU Brown, KM
Lydeard, C
AF Brown, Kenneth M.
Lydeard, Charles
BE Thorp, JH
Covich, AP
TI Mollusca: Gastropoda
SO ECOLOGY AND CLASSIFICATION OF NORTH AMERICAN FRESHWATER INVERTEBRATES,
3RD EDITION
SE Aquatic Ecology Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID FRESH-WATER; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; CONSERVATION ECOLOGY; RDNA SEQUENCES;
CERITHIOIDEA; SNAILS; PLEUROCERIDAE; SYSTEMATICS
C1 [Brown, Kenneth M.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Lydeard, Charles] NZP, Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Conservat Educ & Sustainabil, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC USA.
RP Brown, KM (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM kmbrown@lsu.edu; LydeardC@si.edu
NR 23
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1573-4595
BN 978-0-08-088981-8
J9 AQUAT ECOL SER
JI Aquat. Ecol. Ser.
PY 2010
BP 277
EP 307
DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374855-3.00010-8
PG 31
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA BHA69
UT WOS:000324826800011
ER
PT S
AU Govedich, FR
Bain, BA
Moser, WE
Gelder, SR
Davies, RW
Brinkhurst, RO
AF Govedich, Fredric R.
Bain, Bonnie A.
Moser, William E.
Gelder, Stuart R.
Davies, Ronald W.
Brinkhurst, Ralph O.
BE Thorp, JH
Covich, AP
TI Annelida (Clitellata): Oligochaeta, Branchiobdellida, Hirudinida, and
Acanthobdellida
SO ECOLOGY AND CLASSIFICATION OF NORTH AMERICAN FRESHWATER INVERTEBRATES,
3RD EDITION
SE Aquatic Ecology Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; LEECHES; ARHYNCHOBDELLIDA
C1 [Govedich, Fredric R.; Bain, Bonnie A.] Southern Utah Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Cedar City, UT 84720 USA.
[Moser, William E.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Gelder, Stuart R.] Univ Maine Presque Isle, Dept Biol, Presque Isle, ME 04769 USA.
[Davies, Ronald W.] Univ Calgary, Dept Biol Sci, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
RP Govedich, FR (reprint author), Southern Utah Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Cedar City, UT 84720 USA.
EM govedich@suu.edu; bain@uss.edu; moserw@si.edu; stuart.gelder@umpi.edu;
ron.davies@shaw.ca
NR 20
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1573-4595
BN 978-0-08-088981-8; 978-0-12-374855-3
J9 AQUAT ECOL SER
JI Aquat. Ecol. Ser.
PY 2010
BP 385
EP 436
DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374855-3.00012-1
PG 52
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA BHA69
UT WOS:000324826800013
ER
PT B
AU Dindo, M
AF Dindo, M.
BE Koob, GF
LeMoal, M
Thompson, RF
TI Social Learning and Behavior Transmission
SO ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE, VOL 3: P-Z
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID ANIMALS
AB Asocial learning - Asocial learning describes individual learning that occurs in the absence of social interaction.
Cultural variants - Group behaviors, or traditions, are considered culturally variable when they are present in at least one area, but absent in other areas with similar, if not identical, ecological conditions.
Culture - Culture refers to group-specific variation in behavior that is a result of social influences. Some reserve this term for the human alone, due to the complex nature of human culture. Others place the main distinction between tradition and culture on the behavioral processes involved in the development and maintenance of cultural attributes (e.g., imitation, teaching, and language).
Cumulative culture - When gradual modifications to behavior are added over time, a cumulative effect may lead to more advanced and complex traditions. Human cultural complexity is often attributed to this phenomenon.
Imitation - In 1898, Thorndike broadly defined imitation as: "learning to do an act from seeing it done.'' It is, perhaps, the most debated social learning mechanism, as it is seen by many to require more complex cognitive abilities and mental representations of others. Whether it is seen in animals or not is also highly debated, and it is considered a hallmark of human cultural development.
Social learning - Social learning refers to a range of learning mechanisms that are socially influenced either by the observation of others, or as a result of interactions with an individual and/or the byproducts of that individual's actions. Certain social learning mechanisms are thought to play a critical role in the development and maintenance of group-specific behaviors.
Teaching - In observational learning, it is possible for one individual to gain information by watching another's actions or behavior. Teaching is the term used to distinguish the condition in which the model of the behavior modifies his or her actions in such a way that allows the observer to acquire that information more rapidly. Teachers often do this at a cost to their own productivity, and may even encourage or discourage the observer.
Tradition - Group-specific behaviors that are exhibited by members of one group, but not another of the same species, are considered local customs, or traditions. Traditions are transmitted socially, rather than genetically, and are not merely the result of adapting to local ecological conditions.
C1 [Dindo, M.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
[Dindo, M.] Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC USA.
RP Dindo, M (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
RI koob, george/P-8791-2016
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-0-08-045396-5; 978-0-08-044732-2
PY 2010
BP 282
EP 287
PG 6
WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences
SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA BA3WY
UT WOS:000335074700041
ER
PT J
AU Hartzell, JL
Jordan, TE
Cornwell, JC
AF Hartzell, Jeanne L.
Jordan, Thomas E.
Cornwell, Jeffrey C.
TI Phosphorus Burial in Sediments Along the Salinity Gradient of the
Patuxent River, a Subestuary of the Chesapeake Bay (USA)
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Phosphorus; Sediments; Patuxent river; Chesapeake bay; Citrate
dithionite bicarbonate (CDB)
ID AUTHIGENIC APATITE FORMATION; IRON-BOUND PHOSPHORUS; MARINE-SEDIMENTS;
FRESH-WATER; LAND-USE; ORGANIC-CARBON; NUTRIENT; ESTUARY; PHOSPHATE;
EUTROPHICATION
AB We used a sequential extraction technique and (210)Pb dating to determine the chemical form and amount of particulate phosphorus (PP) that is retained during burial in 1-m-long sediment cores collected along a salinity gradient from tidal freshwater to the mesohaline waters of the Patuxent River, a subestuary of the Chesapeake Bay. PP buried in the study sites with salinity values <= 3 was similar in concentration and form to PP entering the Patuxent from the watershed, suggesting efficient sequestration by the sediments at these low-salinity sites. PP extracted with citrate-dithionite-bicarbonate was the dominant form of PP at all salinities and all depths, and organic-P was the second most abundant fraction. We estimated that 81% of PP entering from the watershed is trapped in the sediments of the upper Patuxent subestuary and that the subtidal sediments retain three times as much PP as the marshes adjacent to the study sites.
C1 [Jordan, Thomas E.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
[Cornwell, Jeffrey C.] Univ Maryland, Horn Point Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA.
RP Hartzell, JL (reprint author), 75 Wilderness Court, Stafford, VA 22556 USA.
EM jeannehartzell@comcast.net; jordanth@si.edu
RI Cornwell, Jeffrey/R-5506-2016
OI Cornwell, Jeffrey/0000-0001-7111-2489
FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0235884]; US Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA)
FX Funding was provided by National Science Foundation grant DEB-0235884,
and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Science to Achieve
Results (STAR) Graduate Fellowship Program. Greg Foster generously
provided lab space at George Mason University. Technical assistance was
provided by Nancy Goff, Joseph Miklas, Marc Sigrist, Mike Owens, and
Jonathan Chester. Help also came from George Mason University students
Kim Cone and Jackie Nguyen. This paper was improved by valuable and
constructive suggestions from Don Kelso, Greg Foster, and two anonymous
reviewers.
NR 67
TC 13
Z9 16
U1 3
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 1
BP 92
EP 106
DI 10.1007/s12237-009-9232-2
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 567CU
UT WOS:000275420700008
ER
PT J
AU Kettenring, KM
McCormick, MK
Baron, HM
Whigham, DF
AF Kettenring, Karin M.
McCormick, Melissa K.
Baron, Heather M.
Whigham, Dennis F.
TI Phragmites australis (Common Reed) Invasion in the Rhode River
Subestuary of the Chesapeake Bay: Disentangling the Effects of Foliar
Nutrients, Genetic Diversity, Patch Size, and Seed Viability
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Chesapeake Bay; Foliar nutrients; Genetic diversity; Invasive species;
Microsatellite markers; Seed viability
ID NORTH-AMERICA; COASTAL MARSH; SALT MARSHES; EXPANSION; ESTABLISHMENT;
POPULATIONS; MECHANISMS; MANAGEMENT; LINEAGES; COMMUNIS
AB The invasion and expansion of the introduced haplotype of Phragmites australis across North America is of growing concern. Previous studies in the Chesapeake Bay region found that Phragmites was more abundant, had higher foliar nitrogen, and produced more viable seeds in brackish wetland subestuaries with more anthropogenic development of the watershed. Here, we focus on a different scale and address issues related to the invasion of Phragmites within a single subestuary, the Rhode River. We evaluated patterns in seed viability, foliar nutrient concentrations, patch size, and genetic variation in ten Phragmites patches in wetlands that occur in the side of the subestuary that is surrounded by forest and 10 patches in wetlands that are in the side of the subestuary that has extensive anthropogenic development. Seed viability varied from 0-60% among the 20 patches but did not differ significantly between patches on the developed vs. forested sides of the Rhode River. Foliar nutrients also did not differ between patches on the two sides of the Rhode River. Seed viability, however, was negatively related to foliar nutrients. Most Phragmites patches consisted of >1 genotype. Larger patches had multiple genotypes, and patches with more genotypes produced more viable seeds. Our study indicates that the Rhode River subestuary behaves as one system with no differences in the measured Phragmites variables between the forested vs. developed sides of the watershed. Our findings also suggest a cyclical process by which Phragmites can spread: larger patches contain more genetic diversity, which increases the chances for cross-fertilization. The subsequent increased production of viable seeds can increase local levels of genetic diversity, which can further facilitate the spread of Phragmites by seed.
C1 [Kettenring, Karin M.; McCormick, Melissa K.; Baron, Heather M.; Whigham, Dennis F.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
RP Kettenring, KM (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM karin.kettenring@usu.edu
OI Whigham, Dennis/0000-0003-1488-820X
FU U.S. EPA Science to Achieve Results (STAR) [692105]
FX This research was funded by U.S. EPA Science to Achieve Results (STAR)
Grant # 692105 to Denice Wardrop and a Smithsonian Postdoctoral
Fellowship to KMK. Thanks to Dan Gustafson and the SERC work/ learn
program for support of Heather Baron, Jay O'Neill for field and lab
assistance, Nancy Goff and Nise Butera for performing the chemical
analyses, Hannah Ingram for GIS assistance, Jeff Hunt and the Laboratory
of Analytical Biology in Suitland, MD, for help with genetic analyses
and use of their equipment, and Lori Biederman for a helpful review of
our manuscript.
NR 33
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 3
U2 25
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 1
BP 118
EP 126
DI 10.1007/s12237-009-9241-1
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 567CU
UT WOS:000275420700010
ER
PT J
AU Najjar, RG
Pyke, CR
Adams, MB
Breitburg, D
Hershner, C
Kemp, M
Howarth, R
Mulholland, MR
Paolisso, M
Secor, D
Sellner, K
Wardrop, D
Wood, R
AF Najjar, Raymond G.
Pyke, Christopher R.
Adams, Mary Beth
Breitburg, Denise
Hershner, Carl
Kemp, Michael
Howarth, Robert
Mulholland, Margaret R.
Paolisso, Michael
Secor, David
Sellner, Kevin
Wardrop, Denice
Wood, Robert
TI Potential climate-change impacts on the Chesapeake Bay
SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
DE climate; estuaries; circulation; biogeochemistry; vascular plants;
fisheries
ID EELGRASS ZOSTERA-MARINA; SEA-LEVEL RISE; MID-ATLANTIC REGION; SUBMERGED
AQUATIC VEGETATION; CTENOPHORE MNEMIOPSIS-LEIDYI; CRABS
CALLINECTES-SAPIDUS; CONTIGUOUS UNITED-STATES; LOW DISSOLVED-OXYGEN;
NORTH-AMERICA; WATER-QUALITY
AB We review current understanding of the potential impact of climate change on the Chesapeake Bay. Scenarios for CO(2) emissions indicate that by the end of the 21(st) century the Bay region will experience significant changes in climate forcings with respect to historical conditions, including increases in CO(2) concentrations, sea level, and water temperature of 50-160%, 0.7-1.6 m, and 2-6 degrees C, respectively. Also likely are increases in precipitation amount (very likely in the winter and spring), precipitation intensity, intensity of tropical and extratropical cyclones (though their frequency may decrease), and sea-level variability. The greatest uncertainty is associated with changes in annual streamflow, though it is likely that winter and spring flows will increase. Climate change alone will cause the Bay to function very differently in the future. Likely changes include: (1) an increase in coastal flooding and submergence of estuarine wetlands; (2) an increase in salinity variability on many time scales; (3) an increase in harmful algae; (4) an increase in hypoxia; (5) a reduction of eelgrass, the dominant submerged aquatic vegetation in the Bay; and (6) altered interactions among trophic levels, with subtropical fish and shellfish species ultimately being favored in the Bay. The magnitude of these changes is sensitive to the CO(2) emission trajectory, so that actions taken now to reduce CO(2) emissions will reduce climate impacts on the Bay. Research needs include improved precipitation and streamflow projections for the Bay watershed and whole-system monitoring, modeling, and process studies that can capture the likely non-linear responses of the Chesapeake Bay system to climate variability, climate change, and their interaction with other anthropogenic stressors. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Najjar, Raymond G.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Pyke, Christopher R.] US Green Bldg Council, Washington, DC 20037 USA.
[Adams, Mary Beth] US Forest Serv, USDA, Timber & Watershed Lab, Parsons, WV 26287 USA.
[Breitburg, Denise] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
[Hershner, Carl] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Kemp, Michael] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Horn Point Lab, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA.
[Howarth, Robert] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Mulholland, Margaret R.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Ocean Earth &Atmospher Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Paolisso, Michael] Univ Maryland, Dept Anthropol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Secor, David] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
[Sellner, Kevin] Chesapeake Res Consortium, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
[Wardrop, Denice] Penn State Cooperat Wetlands Ctr, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Wood, Robert] NOAA NCCOS, Cooperat Oxford Lab, Oxford, MD 21654 USA.
RP Najjar, RG (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, 503 Walker Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM najjar@meteo.psu.edu; cpyke@usgbc.org; mbadams@fs.fed.us;
breitburgd@si.edu; carl@sweethall.wetlan.vims.edu; kemp@hpl.umces.edu;
rwh2@cornell.edu; mmulholl@odu.edu; mpaolisso@anth.umd.edu;
secor@cbl.umces.edu; sellnerk@si.edu; dhw110@psu.edu; Bob.Wood@noaa.gov
RI Mulholland, Margaret/E-8480-2011
OI Mulholland, Margaret/0000-0001-8819-189X
NR 200
TC 146
Z9 151
U1 16
U2 172
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0272-7714
J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S
JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci.
PD JAN 1
PY 2010
VL 86
IS 1
BP 1
EP 20
DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2009.09.026
PG 20
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 545AU
UT WOS:000273705000005
ER
PT J
AU Gonzaga, MO
Sobczak, JF
Penteado-Dias, AM
Eberhard, WG
AF Gonzaga, M. O.
Sobczak, J. F.
Penteado-Dias, A. M.
Eberhard, W. G.
TI Modification of Nephila clavipes (Araneae Nephilidae) webs induced by
the parasitoids Hymenoepimecis bicolor and H. robertsae (Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae)
SO ETHOLOGY ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE behaviour manipulation; cocoon-web; parasitoid; orb-web; Ichneumonidae
ID BUILDING BEHAVIOR; ORB-WEB; SPIDER; TETRAGNATHIDAE; ARANEIDAE;
PHYLOGENY; PIMPLINAE
AB Some polysphinctine ichneumonid wasps induce alterations in the web construction behaviour of their host spiders, and then suspend their pupal cocoons from the resulting ococoon webso. Cocoon webs that have been described previously appear to be designed to increase the web's mechanical stability, and thus to protect the wasp's cocoon. This study describes the cocoon webs of Nephila clavipes that are induced by two wasp species, Hymenoepimecis bicolor and H. robertsae, and shows that the alterations induced by H. bicolor make the webs more resistant to destruction. The cocoon webs of both species include a hub-like platform from which the cocoon is suspended, and are usually protected by a nearby tangle of barrier lines of variable density. The web alterations induced by H. bicolor are apparently not a consequence of parasitised spiders being in a poorer nutritional state, because orbs spun by parasitised spiders preceding the final ococoon webso were not significantly smaller than those of unparasitised spiders. Cocoon webs themselves were all highly reduced, and some of those induced by H. bicolor resemble the oskeletono webs that are occasionally made by unparasitised N. clavipes. We document a possible spider defence (molting) against polysphinctine parasitisation.
C1 [Gonzaga, M. O.] Univ Fed Uberlandia, Inst Biol, BR-38400902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil.
[Penteado-Dias, A. M.] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Ecol & Biol Evolut, BR-13560 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.
[Eberhard, W. G.] Univ Costa Rica, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, San Jose, Costa Rica.
[Eberhard, W. G.] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Jose, Costa Rica.
RP Gonzaga, MO (reprint author), Univ Fed Uberlandia, Inst Biol, Campus Umuarama,Bloco 2D, BR-38400902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil.
EM mogonzaga@yahoo.com.br
RI Hymenoptera, Inct/I-2210-2013
FU Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia dos Hymenoptera Parasitoides
da Regiao Sudeste Brasileira (HYMPAR/Sudeste - CNPq/CAPES/Fapesp);
Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo [06/59810-8,
07/50731-0-MOG]; Katherine McLennan Brown Charitable Foundation; CAPES;
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Universidad de Costa Rica
FX We thank Gilbert Barrantes for allowing us to use his photo of a cocoon
web, and two anonymous referees for comments on the manuscript. We were
supported financially by the Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia
dos Hymenoptera Parasitoides da Regiao Sudeste Brasileira
(HYMPAR/Sudeste - CNPq/CAPES/Fapesp), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do
Estado de Sao Paulo (proc. 06/59810-8 and 07/50731-0-MOG), Katherine
McLennan Brown Charitable Foundation and CAPES (JFS), and the
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and the Universidad de Costa
Rica (WGE). We also thank Prefeitura Municipal de Jundiai and the staff
of Base de Estudos de Ecologia e Educacao Ambiental da Serra do Japi.
NR 30
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 28
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0394-9370
EI 1828-7131
J9 ETHOL ECOL EVOL
JI Ethol. Ecol. Evol.
PY 2010
VL 22
IS 2
BP 151
EP 165
AR PII 921998531
DI 10.1080/03949371003707836
PG 15
WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
GA 595JJ
UT WOS:000277606200005
ER
PT J
AU Chavarria-Pizarro, L
West-Eberhard, MJ
AF Chavarria-Pizarro, L.
West-Eberhard, M. J.
TI The behavior and natural history of Chartergellus, a little-known genus
of neotropical social wasps (Vespidae Polistinae Epiponini)
SO ETHOLOGY ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE nest architecture; sexual dimorphism; caste determination; social
selection; communication; egg-guarding; aggressive displays;
reproductive groundplan hypothesis
ID SWARM-FOUNDING WASP; PAPER WASP; HYMENOPTERA-VESPIDAE; DOMINANCE
HIERARCHIES; ASTELOECA-UJHELYII; CASTE DIFFERENCES; COLONY CYCLE;
ASSOCIATIONS; FOUNDRESSES; GALLICUS
AB This study reviews published data on the behavior and natural history of Chartergellus and presents the first observations on social interactions in this genus of tropical swarm-founding wasps. Observations of Chartergellus golfitensis in Costa Rica and C. punctatior in Colombia showed that queens perform a post-oviposition egg-guarding vigil, and a bending display like that characteristic of epiponine social wasps that lack consistent morphological differences between workers and queens and have caste determination in the adult stage. Young, old, and queen (egg-laying) females of C. golfitensis showed small differences that indicate color changes with age, and structural differences that could be due to seasonal or colony-cycle changes in developmental conditions, but do not rule out the possibility of pre-adult caste determination, a phenomenon that needs to be carefully distinguished from pre-adult caste bias. Sexual dimorphism and the behavior of males at the nest in C. golfitensis is described, as well as the aggressive and avoidance behavior of females toward males. Nest structure in both species is as described previously for Chartergellus species, but some anomalies and their possible evolutionary significance are discussed. Cell initiation by an egg-laying queen, a behavior never seen by workers, and by a young female with slightly developed ovaries, may be vestiges of ancestral solitary reproductive traits where developed ovaries are associated with cell construction.
C1 [Chavarria-Pizarro, L.; West-Eberhard, M. J.] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Jose, Costa Rica.
[West-Eberhard, M. J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP West-Eberhard, MJ (reprint author), Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Jose, Costa Rica.
EM mjwe@sent.com
NR 61
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0394-9370
J9 ETHOL ECOL EVOL
JI Ethol. Ecol. Evol.
PY 2010
VL 22
IS 4
BP 317
EP 343
AR PII 929150000
DI 10.1080/03949370.2010.510035
PG 27
WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
GA 675WW
UT WOS:000283872700001
ER
PT J
AU Briceno, RD
Wegrzynek, D
Chinea-Cano, E
Eberhard, WG
Rolo, TD
AF Briceno, R. D.
Wegrzynek, D.
Chinea-Cano, E.
Eberhard, W. G.
Rolo, T. dos Santos
TI Movements and morphology under sexual selection: tsetse fly genitalia
SO ETHOLOGY ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE sexual selection; signals; genitalia; display traits
ID COPULATORY COURTSHIP; GLOSSINA-MORSITANS; BEHAVIOR; COLEOPTERA;
OVULATION; DIPTERA
AB Shon (2009, Ethology Ecology Evolution 21: 161-172) pointed out that in order to understand the functional morphology of sexually selected structures that are used as signaling devices in birds, it is crucial to understand how these structures move during sexual interactions. This insight applies not only to bird feathers, but also to many other types of possible signaling devices, including male genitalia. This note highlights the need for studies of the behavior of genitalia, and describes two promising techniques, using a tsetse fly as an example. Observations of this species revealed otherwise cryptic, highly rhythmic and forceful thrusting, pinching, pressing, and scraping movements by the male's genitalia within the female's body that have no obvious relation to sperm transfer. Thus even though on the outside the male`s body is nearly motionless during long lapses during copulation, the female is subject to a barrage of possible stimulation from his genitalia during copulation. Similar studies are needed in other groups to understand the functional significance of genital morphology.
C1 [Briceno, R. D.; Eberhard, W. G.] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Pedro, Costa Rica.
[Wegrzynek, D.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Appl Comp Sci, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland.
[Chinea-Cano, E.] IAEA, Instrumentat Unit, Agcy Labs Seibersdorf, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
[Eberhard, W. G.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Dpo, AA 34002 USA.
[Rolo, T. dos Santos] Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Synchrotron Radiat, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.
RP Briceno, RD (reprint author), Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, Ciudad Univ, San Pedro, Costa Rica.
EM rbriceno@biologia.ucr.ac.cr
RI dos Santos Rolo, Tomy/F-5511-2016
OI dos Santos Rolo, Tomy/0000-0002-9771-3511
FU IAEA; STRI; Universidad de Costa Rica
FX We thank the International Atomic Energy Agency for the use of flies and
facilities, Andrew Parker and Marc Vreysen for logistic support, Rudolf
Boigner and Carmen Marin for help rearing flies, and Mary Jane
West-Eberhard for comments on the manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge
assistance from Andrzej Markowicz from IAEA Seibersdorf Laboratories,
Christina Streli and Peter Wobrauschek from Atominstitut, Technical
University Vienna, Austria, and the staff of the Forschungszentrum
Karlsruhe, in particular Alexander Rack, Timm Weitkamp, Patrik Vagovic
and Tilo Baumbach. Without their support and advice this work could not
have been completed. The IAEA, STRI, and the Universidad de Costa Rica
provided financial support.
NR 27
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0394-9370
J9 ETHOL ECOL EVOL
JI Ethol. Ecol. Evol.
PY 2010
VL 22
IS 4
BP 385
EP 391
AR PII 929150282
DI 10.1080/03949370.2010.505581
PG 7
WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
GA 675WW
UT WOS:000283872700007
ER
PT J
AU Hoppenrath, M
Yubuki, N
Bachvaroff, TR
Leander, BS
AF Hoppenrath, Mona
Yubuki, Naoji
Bachvaroff, Tsvetan R.
Leander, Brian S.
TI Re-classification of Pheopolykrikos hartmannii as Polykrikos
(Dinophyceae) based partly on the ultrastructure of complex extrusomes
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PROTISTOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Chloroplast; Dinoflagellate; Peridinin; Polykrikoids;
Taeniocyst-nematocyst complex; Ultrastructure
ID GYMNODINIUM-SENSU-STRICTO; FLAGELLAR APPARATUS; DINOFLAGELLATE
POLYKRIKOS; MORPHOLOGY; PHYLOGENY; SCHWARTZII; KOFOIDII; CYST; NOV; SSU
AB Athecate, pseudocolony-forming dinoflagellates have been classified within two genera of polykrikoids, Polykrikos and Pheopolykrikos, and different views about the boundaries and composition of these genera have been expressed in the literature. The photosynthetic polykrikoid Pheopolykrikos hartmannii, for instance, was originally described within Polykrikos and is now known to branch closely with several Polykrikos species in molecular phylogenetic analyses of ribosomal gene sequences. In this study, we report the first ultrastructural data for this species and demonstrate that Ph. hartmannii has all of the features that characterize the genus Polykrikos, including the synapomorphic "taeniocystnematocyst complex". We also demonstrate that the ultrastructure of the chloroplasts in Ph. hartmannii conforms to the usual peridinin-containing chloroplasts of most photosynthetic dinoflagellates, which improves inferences about the origin(s) and evolution of photosynthesis within the genus. After taking into account all of the ultrastructural data on polykrikoids presented here and in the literature, this species is re-classified to its original status as Polykrikos hartmannii. (C) 2008 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hoppenrath, Mona; Yubuki, Naoji; Leander, Brian S.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Hoppenrath, Mona; Yubuki, Naoji; Leander, Brian S.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Bachvaroff, Tsvetan R.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
RP Hoppenrath, M (reprint author), DZMB, Forschungsinst Senckenberg, Sudstrand 44, D-26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany.
EM mhoppenrath@senckenberg.de
RI Yubuki, Naoji/E-4913-2012
FU NSF [EF-0629624]; Tula Foundation (Centre for Microbial Diversity and
Evolution); National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada
(NSERC) [283091-04]
FX This work was supported by a postdoctoral research salary to MH and
TRBLife grant (NSF #EF-0629624); a postdoctoral research salary to NY
from the Tula Foundation (Centre for Microbial Diversity and Evolution);
and operating funds to BSL from the National Science and Engineering
Research Council of Canada (NSERC 283091-04); BSL is a fellow of the
Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Program in Integrated
Microbial Biodiversity.
NR 27
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 0932-4739
J9 EUR J PROTISTOL
JI Eur. J. Protistol.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 1
BP 29
EP 37
DI 10.1016/j.ejop.2009.08.003
PG 9
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 576XG
UT WOS:000276182800004
PM 19767184
ER
PT J
AU Meyer, NP
Boyle, MJ
Martindale, MQ
Seaver, EC
AF Meyer, Neva P.
Boyle, Michael J.
Martindale, Mark Q.
Seaver, Elaine C.
TI A comprehensive fate map by intracellular injection of identified
blastomeres in the marine polychaete Capitella teleta
SO EVODEVO
LA English
DT Article
AB Background: The polychaete annelid Capitella teleta (formerly Capitella sp. I) develops by spiral cleavage and has been the focus of several recent developmental studies aided by a fully sequenced genome. Fate mapping in polychaetes has lagged behind other spiralian taxa, because of technical limitations.
Results: To generate a modern fate map for C. teleta, we injected 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3' 3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) into individual identified blastomeres through fourth-quartet micromere formation. Confocal laser scanning microscopy at single-cell resolution was used to characterize blastomere fates during larval stages. Our results corroborate previous observations from classic studies, and show a number of similarities with other spiralian fate maps, including unique and stereotypic fates for individual blastomeres, presence of four discrete body domains arising from the A, B, C and D cell quadrants, generation of anterior ectoderm from first quartet micromeres, and contributions to trunk ectoderm and ventral nerve cord by the 2d somatoblast. Of particular interest are several instances in which the C. teleta fate map deviates from other spiralian fate maps. For example, we identified four to seven distinct origins of mesoderm, all ectomesodermal. In addition, the left and right mesodermal bands arise from 3d and 3c, respectively, whereas 4d generates a small number of trunk muscle cells, the primordial germ cells and the anus. We identified a complex set of blastomere contributions to the posterior gut in C. teleta, which establishes the most complete map of posterior gut territories to date.
Conclusions: Our detailed cellular descriptions reveal previously underappreciated complexity in the ontogenetic contributions to several spiralian larval tissues, including the mesoderm, nervous system and gut. The formation of the mesodermal bands by 3c and 3d is in stark contrast to other spiralians, in which 4d generates the mesodermal bands. The results of this study provide a framework for future phylogenetic comparisons and functional analyses of cell-fate specification.
C1 [Meyer, Neva P.; Martindale, Mark Q.; Seaver, Elaine C.] Univ Hawaii, Pacific Biosci Res Ctr, Kewalo Marine Lab, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
[Boyle, Michael J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA.
RP Seaver, EC (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Pacific Biosci Res Ctr, Kewalo Marine Lab, 41 Ahui St, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
EM seaver@hawaii.edu
FU National Science Foundation [IOB05-44869]
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (IOB05-44869
to ECS).
NR 78
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 4
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 2041-9139
J9 EVODEVO
JI EvoDevo
PY 2010
VL 1
AR 8
DI 10.1186/2041-9139-1-8
PG 27
WC Evolutionary Biology; Developmental Biology
SC Evolutionary Biology; Developmental Biology
GA V26AD
UT WOS:000208517600008
PM 20849573
ER
PT B
AU Power, ML
AF Power, Michael L.
BE Burrows, AM
Nash, LT
TI Nutritional and Digestive Challenges to Being a Gum-Feeding Primate
SO EVOLUTION OF EXUDATIVORY IN PRIMATES
SE Developments in Primatology-Progress and Prospects
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID WESTERN BRAZILIAN AMAZONIA; SAGUINUS-FUSCICOLLIS; INTERPOPULATION
DIFFERENCES; COMMON MARMOSET; SEED DISPERSAL; DIETARY FIBER; BODY-SIZE;
ECOLOGY; MYSTAX; CALLITRICHIDS
AB Gum is an unusual food that presents significant challenges to animals that feed on it. Gum is limited in availability; trees generally secrete it only in response to damage. Gum is a beta-linked complex polysaccharide, and as such is resistant to mammalian digestive enzymes and requires fermentation by gut microbes. It contains little or no lipid, low amounts of protein, and no appreciable levels of vitamins. As a food, gum can be characterized as difficult to obtain, potentially limited in quantity, difficult to digest, and primarily a source of energy and minerals. Despite these drawbacks, many primates feed extensively on gums. Among mammals, gum-feeding largely appears to be a primate dietary adaptation. Why are there so many primate gum-feeders and what adaptations have allowed them to make a living on such a problematic food? This is the central question of this book. This chapter examines digestive and nutritional aspects of gum. Specific examples of biological adaptations found in common and pygmy marmosets (Callithrix jacchus and Cebuella pygmaea), small New World primate gum-feeding specialists, will be examined. These marmoset species have many similarities in their behavior, morphology and metabolism, but also some instructive differences in their digestive function. C. pygmaea is the smallest of the marmosets but has the slowest passage rate of digesta. This might represent an adaptation to retain difficult-to-digest material, such as gum, within the gut to allow fermentation. In contrast, C. jacchus has a rapid passage rate. Passage rate in C. jacchus appears adapted more for rapidly excreting indigestible material (e.g., seeds) than for retaining gum within the gut to enable more complete digestion. Fruit is a rare component of C. pygmaea's diet; hence any constraint on feeding caused by filling the gut with ingested seeds is greatly relaxed, apparently enabling digestive kinetics that favor digestive efficiency over maximizing food intake. Interestingly, however, these marmosets share an ability to digest gum despite their differences in gum kinetics. In captivity both species have been shown to be more able to digest Acacia gum than related species that feed less often on gum in the wild.
C1 [Power, Michael L.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Nutr Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Power, Michael L.] Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Res Dept, Washington, DC 20024 USA.
RP Power, ML (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Nutr Lab, Natl Zool Pk,POB 37012,MRC 5503, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM powerm@si.edu
NR 60
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4419-6660-5
J9 DEV PRIMATOL-PROG PR
JI Dev Primatol
PY 2010
BP 25
EP 44
DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-6661-2_2
D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-6661-2
PG 20
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA BRH24
UT WOS:000282705600002
ER
PT S
AU Wendler, JE
Lehmann, J
Kuss, J
AF Wendler, Jens E.
Lehmann, Jens
Kuss, Jochen
BE Homberg, C
Bachmann, M
TI Orbital time scale, intra-platform basin correlation, carbon isotope
stratigraphy and sea-level history of the Cenomanian-Turonian Eastern
Levant platform, Jordan
SO EVOLUTION OF THE LEVANT MARGIN AND WESTERN ARABIA PLATFORM SINCE THE
MESOZOIC
SE Geological Society Special Publication
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID CALCAREOUS DINOFLAGELLATE CYSTS; WEST-CENTRAL JORDAN; PALEOENVIRONMENTAL
CHANGES; SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY; BOUNDARY STRATOTYPE; PALEOCEANOGRAPHY;
RECONSTRUCTION; PALEOECOLOGY; PRODUCTIVITY; DELTA-C-13
AB Two Cenomanian-Turonian boundary (CTBE) sections (KB3 and GM3) of the Karak-Silla intra-platform basin of the Eastern Levant carbonate platform, Jordan, are correlated based on high-resolution calcimetry. KB3 contains black shales with over 7 wt% total organic carbon (TOC). GM3 was deposited at shallower water depth and reveals four conspicuous gypsum beds used for sea-level reconstruction. Spectral analysis of carbonate content and TOC reveals forcing, mainly by the 100 ka cycle of Earth's orbit eccentricity.
Whole rock stable carbon isotope data show a conspicuous positive delta C-13 excursion representing the Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2). The carbon isotope records of KB3 and GM3 correspond well with the cycles in the delta C-13 record of the global stratotype (GSSP) at Pueblo (USA). The GSSP orbital timescale, thus, can be applied to the Jordan record. Furthermore, all stable isotope events defined in the English chalk reference record are recognized in Jordan. Our orbital model for the Jordan sequence-stratigraphical framework reveals approximately 1.2 (+/- 0.2) Ma duration of a third-order sequence, proposed to represent one cycle of the long obliquity (1.2 Ma). This long-term period is superimposed on three fourth-order fluctuations of 400 ka length (long eccentricity; fourth-order sea-level fluctuations), each of which comprises four carbonate cycles (100 ka eccentricity; fifth-order sea-level fluctuations). Demise of the Levant platform occurred during the phase of decreasing delta C-13 values after OAE2 in the interval between the Cenomanian-Turonian (C-T) boundary and the end of the Early Turonian.
C1 [Wendler, Jens E.; Lehmann, Jens; Kuss, Jochen] Univ Bremen, Dept Geosci, D-28334 Bremen, Germany.
RP Wendler, JE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, 10th & Constitut NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM wendler@uni-bremen.de
NR 59
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 1
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC PUBLISHING HOUSE
PI BATH
PA UNIT 7, BRASSMILL ENTERPRISE CTR, BRASSMILL LANE, BATH BA1 3JN, AVON,
ENGLAND
SN 0305-8719
BN 978-1-86239-306-6
J9 GEOL SOC SPEC PUBL
JI Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ.
PY 2010
VL 341
BP 171
EP 186
DI 10.1144/SP341.8
PG 16
WC Geology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA BUB91
UT WOS:000288756400009
ER
PT S
AU Holman, MJ
AF Holman, M. J.
BE Gozdziewski, K
Niedzielski, A
Schneider, J
TI TRANSITS IN MULTIPLE PLANET SYSTEMS
SO EXTRASOLAR PLANETS IN MULTI-BODY SYSTEMS: THEORY AND OBSERVATIONS
SE EAS Publications Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Extrasolar Planets in Multi-Body Systems:
Theory and Observations
CY AUG 25-29, 2008
CL Torun Ctr Contemporary Art, Torun, POLAND
SP European Lab Astronomie Pologne France, Polish Minist Sci & Higher Educ, European Sci Fdn, European Network Computat Astrophys, Paris Meudon Observ, Torun Ctr Astron
HO Torun Ctr Contemporary Art
ID COROT SPACE MISSION; TIME-SERIES PHOTOMETRY; EXTRA-SOLAR PLANETS;
MICROLENSING EVENT; TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; TIMING VARIATIONS; MASS
PLANETS; EXOPLANETS; EARTH; SEARCH
AB Surveys for transiting extrasolar planets, including the space-based missions CoRoT and Kepler, are expected to detect hundreds of Jovian mass planets and tens of terrestrial mass planets. For many of these newly discovered planets, the intervals between successive transits will be measured with an accuracy of a few seconds. These timing measurements allow for the detection of additional planets in the system (not necessarily transiting), via their gravitational interaction with the transiting planet. The transit time variations depend on the mass of the additional planet, and in some cases Earth-mass planets will produce a measurable effect. When two or more planets transit the same star, the densities of the planets can be estimated from the photometry alone. I will review recent developments related to transits in multiple planet systems.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Holman, MJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM mholman@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 77
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU E D P SCIENCES
PI CEDEX A
PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 1633-4760
BN 978-2-7598-0532-7
J9 EAS PUBLICATIONS
PY 2010
VL 42
BP 39
EP 54
DI 10.1051/eas/1042003
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BUB45
UT WOS:000288723400003
ER
PT J
AU Tinetti, G
Griffith, CA
Swain, MR
Deroo, P
Beaulieu, JP
Vasisht, G
Kipping, D
Waldmann, I
Tennyson, J
Barber, RJ
Bouwman, J
Allard, N
Brown, LR
AF Tinetti, Giovanna
Griffith, Caitlin A.
Swain, Mark R.
Deroo, Pieter
Beaulieu, Jean Philippe
Vasisht, Gautam
Kipping, David
Waldmann, Ingo
Tennyson, Jonathan
Barber, Robert J.
Bouwman, Jeroen
Allard, Nicole
Brown, Linda R.
TI Exploring extrasolar worlds: from gas giants to terrestrial habitable
planets
SO FARADAY DISCUSSIONS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Chemistry of the Planets
CY JUN 14-16, 2010
CL Brittany, FRANCE
ID EXOPLANET HD 209458B; MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPIC DATABASE; TRANSMISSION
SPECTRUM; EMISSION-SPECTRUM; THERMAL EMISSION; DAYSIDE SPECTRUM; PRIMARY
TRANSIT; HOT JUPITERS; LINE LIST; MU-M
AB Almost 500 extrasolar planets have been found since the discovery of 51 Peg b by Mayor and Queloz in 1995. The traditional field of planetology has thus expanded its frontiers to include planetary environments not represented in our Solar System. We expect that in the next five years space missions (Corot, Kepler and GAIA) or ground-based detection techniques will both increase exponentially the number of new planets discovered and lower the present limit of a similar to 1.9 Earth-mass object [e.g. Mayor et al., Astron. Astrophys., 2009, 507, 487]. While the search for an Earth-twin orbiting a Sun-twin has been one of the major goals pursued by the exoplanet community in the past years, the possibility of sounding the atmospheric composition and structure of an increasing sample of exoplanets with current telescopes has opened new opportunities, unthinkable just a few years ago. As a result, it is possible now not only to determine the orbital characteristics of the new bodies, but moreover to study the exotic environments that lie tens of parsecs away from us. The analysis of the starlight not intercepted by the thin atmospheric limb of its planetary companion (transit spectroscopy), or of the light emitted/reflected by the exoplanet itself, will guide our understanding of the atmospheres and the surfaces of these extrasolar worlds in the next few years. Preliminary results obtained by interpreting current atmospheric observations of transiting gas giants and Neptunes are presented. While the full characterisation of an Earth-twin might requires a technological leap, our understanding of large terrestrial planets (so called super-Earths) orbiting bright, later-type stars is within reach by current space and ground telescopes.
C1 [Tinetti, Giovanna; Beaulieu, Jean Philippe; Kipping, David; Waldmann, Ingo; Tennyson, Jonathan; Barber, Robert J.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1 E6BT, England.
[Griffith, Caitlin A.] Univ Arizona, LPL, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Swain, Mark R.; Deroo, Pieter; Vasisht, Gautam; Brown, Linda R.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Beaulieu, Jean Philippe; Allard, Nicole] Inst Astrophys Paris, Paris, France.
[Kipping, David] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys CfA, Cambridge, MA 02144 USA.
[Bouwman, Jeroen] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
RP Tinetti, G (reprint author), UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1 E6BT, England.
EM g.tinetti@ucl.ac.uk
RI Tennyson, Jonathan/I-2222-2012;
OI Tennyson, Jonathan/0000-0002-4994-5238; Tinetti,
Giovanna/0000-0001-6058-6654
NR 44
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 8
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1359-6640
J9 FARADAY DISCUSS
JI Faraday Discuss.
PY 2010
VL 147
BP 369
EP 377
DI 10.1039/c005126h
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 685DR
UT WOS:000284608900020
PM 21302557
ER
PT S
AU Frebel, A
AF Frebel, Anna
BE Whalen, D
Bromm, V
Yoshida, N
TI Chemical Abundances of Metal-Poor Stars and their Connection to the Pop
III IMF
SO FIRST STARS AND GALAXIES: CHALLENGES FOR THE NEXT DECADE
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Stars and Galaxies: Challenges for the
Next Decade
CY MAR 08-11, 2010
CL Austin, TX
SP UT Austin, Dept Astronomy Board Visitors Excellence Funds, UT Austin, McDonald Observ, Texas Cosmol Ctr, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Tokyo Univ, Inst Phys & Math Universe, Texas Adv Comp Ctr
DE 97.10.Tk; 97.20.Tr; 97.20.Wt; 98.35.Bd; 98.56.Wm; 98.80.Ft
ID DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXY; R-PROCESS; STELLAR ARCHAEOLOGY; 1ST STARS;
UNIVERSE; MILKY
AB The chemical evolution of the Galaxy and the early Universe is a key topic in modern astrophysics: Since the most metal-poor Galactic stars are the local equivalent of the high-redshift Universe, they can be employed to reconstruct the onset of the chemical and dynamical formation processes of the Galaxy, the origin and evolution of the elements, and associated nucleosynthesis processes. They also provide constraints on the nature of the first stars and SNe, the initial mass function, and early star formation processes. I will discuss how the two most iron-poor stars, metal. poor stars with r-process abundance signatures, and the newly discovered extremely metal-poor stars in small dwarf galaxies are prime candidates to study the elusive first stars and their nucleosynthetic yields.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Frebel, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 20, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0849-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1294
BP 90
EP 95
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BTZ41
UT WOS:000288517300015
ER
PT J
AU Holtum, JAM
Winter, K
AF Holtum, Joseph A. M.
Winter, Klaus
TI Elevated [CO2] and forest vegetation: more a water issue than a carbon
issue?
SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; carbon sequestration; evapotranspiration; FACE (free air
CO2 enrichment); water use efficiency
ID UNDISTURBED AMAZONIAN FORESTS; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; TROPICAL PIONEER
TREE; FICUS-INSIPIDA WILLD; SCRUB-OAK WOODLAND; ATMOSPHERIC CO2;
RAIN-FOREST; DECIDUOUS FOREST; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; ENRICHMENT FACE
AB Studies of responses of forest vegetation to steadily increasing atmospheric concentrations of CO2 have focussed strongly on the potential of trees to absorb extra carbon; the effects of elevated [CO2] on plant-soil water relations via decreased stomatal conductance and increased ambient temperature have received less attention, but may be significant in the long term at the ecosystem level. CO2 augmentation experiments with young trees demonstrate small increases in aboveground carbon content, but these increases tend to diminish as trees get older. By contrast, several experiments suggest continued decreases in transpiration and increased soil water content under these conditions. In tropical forests, the major cause of increases in aboveground biomass observed in the recent past is not necessarily elevated [CO2]. Undoubtedly, the potential of monitoring trees in forest dynamics plots to deduce CO2-specific alterations in forest structure and standing biomass will unfold in the decades to come. The comprehensive understanding of responses of forest vegetation to elevated [CO2] in the Anthropocene will depend upon the inclusion of detailed measurements of soil water pools and water fluxes through the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum in future tree CO2 augmentation experiments and forest dynamics plot studies.
C1 [Holtum, Joseph A. M.] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Winter, Klaus] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
RP Holtum, JAM (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
EM joseph.holtum@jcu.edu.au
RI Holtum, Joseph/B-3063-2012
OI Holtum, Joseph/0000-0001-6568-8019
FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; JCU Special Studies Program;
Reverend Dr RG Dunn
FX Neal Smith, STRI Emeritus Scientist, persistently prodded us to write
this. Support is acknowledged from the Smithsonian Tropical Research
Institute (KW and JAMH), the JCU Special Studies Program (JAMH) and the
Reverend Dr RG Dunn (JAMH).
NR 105
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 4
U2 33
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1445-4408
J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL
JI Funct. Plant Biol.
PY 2010
VL 37
IS 8
BP 694
EP 702
DI 10.1071/FP10001
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 630SP
UT WOS:000280294500003
ER
PT J
AU Krause, GH
Winter, K
Krause, B
Jahns, P
Garcia, M
Aranda, J
Virgo, A
AF Heinrich Krause, G.
Winter, Klaus
Krause, Barbara
Jahns, Peter
Garcia, Milton
Aranda, Jorge
Virgo, Aurelio
TI High-temperature tolerance of a tropical tree, Ficus insipida:
methodological reassessment and climate change considerations
SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biomass; growth; photosynthetic pigments; tropical forest; xanthophyll
cycle
ID RAIN-FOREST TREES; HEAT-STRESS; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE;
PHOTOSYSTEM-II; DESERT PLANTS; PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSE; LEAVES; LIGHT;
ACCLIMATION; ADAPTATION
AB In view of anthropogenic global warming, heat tolerance of a neotropical pioneer tree, Ficus insipida Willd., was determined. Sections of sun leaves from a mature tree and from seedlings cultivated at ambient and elevated temperatures were heated to 42-53 degrees C. Leaves from a late-successional tree species, Virola sebifera Aubl., were also studied. Widely used chlorophyll a fluorescence methods based on heat-induced rise of initial fluorescence emission, F-o, and decrease in the ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence, F-v/F-m, were reassessed. F-v/F-m determined 24 h after heat treatment was the fluorescence parameter most suitable to assess the lethal temperature causing permanent tissue damage. Thermo-tolerance was underestimated when F-o and F-v/F-m were recorded immediately after the heat treatment. The limit of thermo-tolerance was between 50 and 53 degrees C, only a few degrees C above peak leaf temperatures measured in situ. The absence of seasonal changes in thermo-tolerance and only marginal increases in thermo-tolerance of plants grown under elevated temperatures suggest little capacity for further heat acclimation. Heat-stress experiments with intact potted seedlings also revealed irreversible leaf damage at 51-53 degrees C, but plants survived and developed new leaves during post-culture.
C1 [Heinrich Krause, G.; Winter, Klaus; Krause, Barbara; Garcia, Milton; Aranda, Jorge; Virgo, Aurelio] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama.
[Heinrich Krause, G.; Jahns, Peter] Univ Dusseldorf, Inst Plant Biochem, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany.
RP Krause, GH (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama.
EM ghkrause@uni-duesseldorf.de
FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
FX We thank Maria Graf for assistance in photosynthetic pigment analysis,
Sergio dos Santos for providing meteorological data and Elisabeth King
for reading the manuscript. This study was supported by the Smithsonian
Tropical Research Institute.
NR 58
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 23
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1445-4408
J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL
JI Funct. Plant Biol.
PY 2010
VL 37
IS 9
BP 890
EP 900
DI 10.1071/FP10034
PG 11
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 641RS
UT WOS:000281148000010
ER
PT J
AU Silvera, K
Neubig, KM
Whitten, WM
Williams, NH
Winter, K
Cushman, JC
AF Silvera, Katia
Neubig, Kurt M.
Whitten, W. Mark
Williams, Norris H.
Winter, Klaus
Cushman, John C.
TI Evolution along the crassulacean acid metabolism continuum
SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase; photosynthesis; delta(13)C
ID PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE KINASE; COMMON ICE PLANT; PERFORMING C-3
PHOTOSYNTHESIS; MESEMBRYANTHEMUM-CRYSTALLINUM; VASCULAR EPIPHYTES;
CIRCADIAN CLOCK; CARBON-DIOXIDE; CAM PLANTS; KALANCHOE-DAIGREMONTIANA;
PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY
AB Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is a specialised mode of photosynthesis that improves atmospheric CO(2) assimilation in water-limited terrestrial and epiphytic habitats and in CO(2)-limited aquatic environments. In contrast with C(3) and C(4) plants, CAM plants take up CO2 from the atmosphere partially or predominantly at night. CAM is taxonomically widespread among vascular plants and is present in many succulent species that occupy semiarid regions, as well as in tropical epiphytes and in some aquatic macrophytes. This water-conserving photosynthetic pathway has evolved multiple times and is found in close to 6% of vascular plant species from at least 35 families. Although many aspects of CAM molecular biology, biochemistry and ecophysiology are well understood, relatively little is known about the evolutionary origins of CAM. This review focuses on five main topics: (1) the permutations and plasticity of CAM, (2) the requirements for CAM evolution, (3) the drivers of CAM evolution, (4) the prevalence and taxonomic distribution of CAM among vascular plants with emphasis on the Orchidaceae and (5) the molecular underpinnings of CAM evolution including circadian clock regulation of gene expression.
C1 [Silvera, Katia; Cushman, John C.] Univ Nevada, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Neubig, Kurt M.; Whitten, W. Mark; Williams, Norris H.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Winter, Klaus] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
RP Cushman, JC (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, MS200, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
EM jcushman@unr.edu
FU USA Environmental Protection Agency [MA 91685201]; Smithsonian Tropical
Research Institute; National Center for Research Resources through
Nevada Genomics, Proteomics and Bioinformatics Centers [P20 RR-016464]
FX This work was supported by funding from the USA Environmental Protection
Agency under the Greater Research Opportunities Graduate Program
(Agreement no. MA 91685201 to KS), National Science Foundation NSF
IOB-0543659 (to JCC), and Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (to
KW). We are indebted to Dr J Andrew C Smith (Oxford University) for his
contributions to Table 2. We would also like to thank the two anonymous
reviewers for their helpful comments and Mary Ann Cushman for her
critical reading of the manuscript. EPA has not formally reviewed this
publication. The views expressed in this publication are solely those of
the authors and the EPA does not endorse any products or commercial
services mentioned in this publication. This publication was also made
possible by NIH Grant Number P20 RR-016464 from the INBRE Program of the
National Center for Research Resources through its support of the Nevada
Genomics, Proteomics and Bioinformatics Centers.
NR 142
TC 47
Z9 48
U1 5
U2 60
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1445-4408
J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL
JI Funct. Plant Biol.
PY 2010
VL 37
IS 11
BP 995
EP 1010
DI 10.1071/FP10084
PG 16
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 669BU
UT WOS:000283322200001
ER
PT B
AU Groess, R
Block, DL
Fazio, GG
AF Groess, Robert
Block, David L.
Fazio, Giovanni G.
BE Block, DL
Freeman, KC
Puerari, I
TI Enigmatic Masks of Cosmic Dust: Lessons from Nearby Galaxies Through the
Eyes of the Spitzer Space Telescope
SO GALAXIES AND THEIR MASKS: A CONFERENCE IN HONOUR OF K C FREEMAN, FRS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference in Honour of K C Freeman's 70th Birthday: Galaxies and their
Masks
CY APR 12-16, 2010
CL Sossusvlei, NAMIBIA
ID SPIRAL GALAXIES; GALACTIC BARS; LANES
AB Evident from early observations of barred galaxies, such as NGC1300, NGC1530, NGC3351 and NGC5921 by Curtis (1918 Descriptions of 762 nebulae and clusters photographed with the Crossley reflector. Publications of the Lick Observatory, XIII, 11-42), was the prevalence of characteristic dark bands or streaks across the disk of the galaxies. These dark bands were interpreted to be lanes of light obscuring "occulting material". While being nothing more than a nuisance to observers at the turn of the twentieth century, we now turn to the lanes of dust themselves, seen glowing in emission at 8.0 mu m, to understand more of the internal dynamics of barred galaxies. We find a separation of 3.6 mu m images of nearby barred galaxies into two distinct classes or form families. The first class comprises galaxies whose 8.0 mu m morphology tightly traces the underlying barred stellar backbone at 3.6 mu m, while the second class does not reveal a bar at all at 8.0 mu m. Spectacular dust lanes are, however, evident in this second class and are understood to be signatures of shock loci at the outer edges of the bar resulting in dust cascading down the gravitational potential of the galaxy, towards the nucleus.
C1 [Groess, Robert; Block, David L.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Computat & Appl Math, Johannesburg, South Africa.
[Fazio, Giovanni G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Groess, R (reprint author), Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Computat & Appl Math, Johannesburg, South Africa.
EM robert.groess@wits.ac.za; david.block@wits.ac.za; gfazio@cfa.harvard.edu
FU University of the Witwatersrand for the generous FRC Startup Grant
FX R.G. would like to thank the University of the Witwatersrand for the
generous FRC Startup Grant enabling attendance of this conference as
well as the School of Computational and Applied Mathematics for
additional funding. A great word of appreciation also goes to the
members of the IRAC team at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for
Astrophysics, in particular (alphabetically) Matt Ashby, Michael Pahre
and Steve Willner. In conclusion, we wish Professor Ken Freeman (FRS)
many happy returns on this occasion of his 70th birthday.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4419-7316-0
PY 2010
BP 113
EP 120
DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7317-7_9
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BH0JP
UT WOS:000395361900009
ER
PT B
AU Fazio, GG
AF Fazio, Giovanni G.
BE Block, DL
Freeman, KC
Puerari, I
TI Spitzer's View of Galaxies in the High-Redshift Universe
SO GALAXIES AND THEIR MASKS: A CONFERENCE IN HONOUR OF K C FREEMAN, FRS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference in Honour of K C Freeman's 70th Birthday: Galaxies and their
Masks
CY APR 12-16, 2010
CL Sossusvlei, NAMIBIA
ID ULTRA-DEEP-FIELD; STELLAR MASS DENSITY; LYMAN-BREAK GALAXIES; SIMILAR-TO
7; SPACE-TELESCOPE; EVOLUTION; HUBBLE; Z-APPROXIMATE-TO-6; FLUCTUATIONS;
CONFIRMATION
AB One of the most important observations made by the Spitzer Space Telescope has been the detection of luminous galaxies back to the era of reionization (z similar to 8), when the universe was less than 700 million years old. The key advance made by Spitzer imaging is the ability, for the first time, to sample the redshifted rest-frame visible light of these galaxies. When combined with broadband multi-wavelength data, Spitzer observations can be fit to stellar population synthesis models to determine the spectral energy distribution of these galaxies and to constrain their stellar masses and ages and their star formation histories. As a result, there is evidence that most of the stellar mass of these galaxies formed at even higher redshifts (z >10 to 12) and that a significant number of galaxies should exist in this region. Searches for galaxies at z similar to 9 to 10 continue. Spitzer observations of massive lensing clusters have also played a pivotal role in this study. The first IRAC detection of a z >6 galaxy came from such observations. Since most of these results were obtained with Spitzer/IRAC 3.6/4.5 mu m bands, the Spitzer Warm Mission, when combined with future HST/WFC3 observations, will provide a unique opportunity to obtain the first complete census of the assembly of stellar mass as a function of cosmic time back to the era of reionization, yielding unique information on galaxy formation in the early universe.
C1 [Fazio, Giovanni G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Fazio, GG (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM gfazio@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4419-7316-0
PY 2010
BP 425
EP 436
DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7317-7_37
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BH0JP
UT WOS:000395361900037
ER
PT B
AU Verley, S
Leon, S
Verdes-Montenegro, L
Combes, F
Sabater, J
Sulentic, J
Bergond, G
Espada, D
Lisenfeld, U
Odewahn, SC
AF Verley, S.
Leon, S.
Verdes-Montenegro, L.
Combes, F.
Sabater, J.
Sulentic, J.
Bergond, G.
Espada, D.
Lisenfeld, U.
Odewahn, S. C.
BE VerdesMontenegro, L
DelOlmo, A
Sulentic, J
TI AMIGA Project: Quantification of the Isolation of 950 CIG galaxies
SO GALAXIES IN ISOLATION: EXPLORING NATURE VERSUS NURTURE
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Galaxies in Isolation: Exploring Nature Versus Nurture
CY MAY 12-15, 2009
CL Granada, SPAIN
SP Minist Ciencia Innovac, Consejo Superior Investigac Cientificas, Junta Andalucia
ID RADIO-CONTINUUM; SAMPLE; CATALOG
AB The role of the environment on galaxy evolution is still not fully understood. In order to quantify and set limits on the role of nurture one must identify and study a sample of isolated galaxies. The AMIGA project "Analysis of the Interstellar Medium of Isolated GAlaxies" is doing a multi-wavelength study of a large sample of isolated galaxies in order to examine their interstellar medium and star formation activity. We processed data for 950 galaxies from the Catalogue of Isolated Galaxies (CIG, Karachentseva 1973) and evaluated their isolation using an automated star-galaxy classification procedure (down to M-B similar to 17.5) on large digitised POSS-I fields surrounding each isolated galaxy (within a projected radius of at least 0.5 Mpc). We defined, compared and discussed various criteria to quantify the degree of isolation for these galaxies: e.g. Karachentseva's revised criterion, local surface density computations, estimation of the external tidal force affecting each is olated galaxy. We found galaxies violating Karachentseva's original criterion, and we defined various subsamples of galaxies according to their degree of isolation. Additionally, we sought for the redshifts of the primary and companion galaxies to access the radial dimension. We also applied our pipeline to triplets, compact groups and clusters and interpret the isolated galaxy population in light of these control samples.
C1 [Verley, S.; Lisenfeld, U.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
[Verley, S.; Leon, S.; Verdes-Montenegro, L.; Sabater, J.; Sulentic, J.; Bergond, G.; Espada, D.] CSIC, Inst Astrofis & Andalucia, Granada, Spain.
[Verley, S.; Combes, F.] OBSPM, LERMA, Paris, France.
[Bergond, G.] CAHA, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Espada, D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Odewahn, S. C.] Mc Donald Observatory, Ft Davis, TX USA.
RP Verley, S (reprint author), Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
RI Lisenfeld, Ute/A-1637-2015
OI Lisenfeld, Ute/0000-0002-9471-5423
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-722-3
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 421
BP 19
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BUD95
UT WOS:000288970700004
ER
PT B
AU Espada, D
Verdes-Montenegro, L
Athanassoula, E
Bosma, A
Huchtmeier, WK
Leon, S
Lisenfeld, U
Sabater, J
Sulentic, J
Verley, S
Yun, M
AF Espada, D.
Verdes-Montenegro, L.
Athanassoula, E.
Bosma, A.
Huchtmeier, W. K.
Leon, S.
Lisenfeld, U.
Sabater, J.
Sulentic, J.
Verley, S.
Yun, M.
BE VerdesMontenegro, L
DelOlmo, A
Sulentic, J
TI Setting the Normalcy Level of HI Properties in Isolated Galaxies
SO GALAXIES IN ISOLATION: EXPLORING NATURE VERSUS NURTURE
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Galaxies in Isolation: Exploring Nature Versus Nurture
CY MAY 12-15, 2009
CL Granada, SPAIN
SP Minist Ciencia Innovac, Consejo Superior Investigac Cientificas, Junta Andalucia
ID LOPSIDED SPIRAL GALAXIES; NEUTRAL HYDROGEN; AMIGA SAMPLE; ACCRETION;
ASYMMETRY; CATALOG
AB Studying the atomic gas (HI) properties of the most isolated galaxies is essential to quantify the effect that the environment exerts on this sensitive component of the interstellar medium. We observed and compiled HI data for a well defined sample of similar to 800 galaxies in the Catalog of Isolated Galaxies, as part of the AMIGA project (Analysis of the ISM in Isolated GAlaxies, http://amiga.iaa.es), which enlarges considerably previous samples used to quantify the HI deficiency in galaxies located in denser environments. By studying the shape of 182 HI profiles, we revisited the usually accepted result that, independently of the environment, more than half of the galaxies present a perturbed HI disk. In isolated galaxies this would certainly be a striking result if these are supposed to be the most relaxed systems, and has implications in the relaxation time scales of HI disks and the nature of the most frequent perturbing mechanisms in galaxies. Our sample likely exhibits the lowest HI asymmetry level in the local Universe. We found that field samples present an excess of 20% more asymmetric HI profiles than those in GIG. Still a small percentage of galaxies in our sample present large asymmetries. Follow-up high resolution VLA maps give insight into the origin of such asymmetries.
C1 [Espada, D.; Verdes-Montenegro, L.; Sabater, J.; Sulentic, J.] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, IAA, Apartado 3004, E-18080 Granada, Spain.
[Espada, D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Athanassoula, E.; Bosma, A.] Lab Astrophys Marseille, Marseille, France.
[Huchtmeier, W. K.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron MPIfR, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
[Leon, S.] Inst Radioastonm Milimetr IRAM, Saint Martin, France.
[Lisenfeld, U.; Verley, S.] Univ Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
[Yun, M.] UMass Amherst, Amherst, MA USA.
RP Espada, D (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, IAA, Apartado 3004, E-18080 Granada, Spain.
RI Lisenfeld, Ute/A-1637-2015
OI Lisenfeld, Ute/0000-0002-9471-5423
FU Spanish DGI [AYA2008-06181-C02]; Junta de Andalucia (Spain)
[P08-FQM-4205-PEX, TIC-114 16-C02-01]; Marie Curie International
fellowship [MOIF-CT-2006-40298]
FX This work has been partially supported by Spanish DGI grant
AYA2008-06181-C02, as well as Junta de Andalucia (Spain) grants
P08-FQM-4205-PEX and TIC-114 16-C02-01. DE is supported by the Marie
Curie International fellowship MOIF-CT-2006-40298.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-722-3
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 421
BP 41
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BUD95
UT WOS:000288970700008
ER
PT B
AU Martinez-Badenes, V
Verdes-Montenegro, L
Lisenfeld, U
Espada, D
AF Martinez-Badenes, V.
Verdes-Montenegro, L.
Lisenfeld, U.
Espada, D.
BE VerdesMontenegro, L
DelOlmo, A
Sulentic, J
TI Molecular Gas in Hickson Compact Groups
SO GALAXIES IN ISOLATION: EXPLORING NATURE VERSUS NURTURE
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Galaxies in Isolation: Exploring Nature Versus Nurture
CY MAY 12-15, 2009
CL Granada, SPAIN
SP Minist Ciencia Innovac, Consejo Superior Investigac Cientificas, Junta Andalucia
C1 [Martinez-Badenes, V.; Verdes-Montenegro, L.; Espada, D.] Inst Astrofis Andalucia CSIC, Camino Bajo de Huetor 50, Granada 18008, Spain.
[Lisenfeld, U.] Univ Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
[Espada, D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Martinez-Badenes, V (reprint author), Inst Astrofis Andalucia CSIC, Camino Bajo de Huetor 50, Granada 18008, Spain.
RI Lisenfeld, Ute/A-1637-2015
OI Lisenfeld, Ute/0000-0002-9471-5423
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-722-3
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 421
BP 267
EP 267
PG 1
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BUD95
UT WOS:000288970700073
ER
PT B
AU de Messieres, GE
O'Connell, RW
McNamara, BR
Donahue, M
Nulsen, PEJ
Voit, GM
Wise, MW
AF de Messieres, G. E.
O'Connell, R. W.
McNamara, B. R.
Donahue, M.
Nulsen, P. E. J.
Voit, G. M.
Wise, M. W.
BE Smith, BJ
Bastian, N
Higdon, SJU
Higdon, JL
TI Spitzer Mid-Infrared Spectra of Cool-Core Galaxy Clusters
SO GALAXY WARS: STELLAR POPULATIONS AND STAR FORMATION IN INTERACTING
GALAXIES
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Galaxy Wars: Stellar Populations and Star Formation in
Interacting Galaxies
CY JUL 19-22, 2009
CL E Tennessee State Univ, Johnson City, TN
SP ETSU Off Res & Sponsored Projects, ETSU Friends Astron
HO E Tennessee State Univ
ID MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; INFRARED SURVEY; EMISSION; FILAMENTS; NGC-1275
AB We have obtained mid-infrared spectra of nine cool-core galaxy clusters with the Infrared Spectrograph aboard the Spitzer Space Telescope. X-ray, ultraviolet and optical observations have demonstrated that each of these clusters hosts a cooling flow which seems to be fueling vigorous star formation in the brightest cluster galaxy. Our goal is to use the advantages of the mid-infrared band to improve estimates of star formation. Our spectra are characterized by diverse morphologies ranging from classic starbursts to flat spectra with surprisingly weak dust features. Although most of our sample are known from optical/UV data to be active star-formers, they lack the expected strong mid-infrared continuum. Star formation may be proceeding in unusually dust-deficient circum-galactic environments such as the interface between the cooling flow and the relativistic jets from the active galactic nucleus.
C1 [de Messieres, G. E.; O'Connell, R. W.] Univ Virginia, POB 400325, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[McNamara, B. R.; Donahue, M.; Voit, G. M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Nulsen, P. E. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[McNamara, B. R.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Wise, M. W.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
RP de Messieres, GE (reprint author), Univ Virginia, POB 400325, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-726-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 423
BP 105
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BSM97
UT WOS:000284979300020
ER
PT J
AU Eberhard, W
AF Eberhard, William G.
TI Evolution of genitalia: theories, evidence, and new directions
SO GENETICA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Animal Genitalia in Evolution held at the 20th
International Congress of Zoology
CY AUG 26-29, 2008
CL Paris, FRANCE
DE Sexual conflict; Sexual selection; Sexually antagonistic coevolution;
Cryptic female choice
ID MALE FERTILIZATION SUCCESS; LOCK-AND-KEY; BEETLE ONTHOPHAGUS-TAURUS;
CRYPTIC FEMALE CHOICE; FLY SEPSIS-CYNIPSEA; SEXUAL SELECTION;
ANTAGONISTIC COEVOLUTION; COPULATORY-BEHAVIOR; MATING SYSTEM;
MORPHOLOGICAL COEVOLUTION
AB Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain why male intromittent genitalia consistently tend to diverge more rapidly than other body traits of the same individuals in a wide range of animal taxa. Currently the two most popular involve sexual selection: sexually antagonistic coevolution (SAC) and cryptic female choice (CFC). A review of the most extensive attempts to discriminate between these two hypotheses indicates that SAC is not likely to have played a major role in explaining this pattern of genital evolution. Promising lines for future, more direct tests of CFC include experimental modification of male genital form and female sensory abilities, analysis of possible male-female dialogues during copulation, and direct observations of genital behavior.
C1 [Eberhard, William G.] Univ Costa Rica, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, San Pedro, Costa Rica.
[Eberhard, William G.] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Pedro, Costa Rica.
RP Eberhard, W (reprint author), Univ Costa Rica, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ciudad Univ, San Pedro, Costa Rica.
EM william.eberhard@gmail.com
NR 107
TC 96
Z9 98
U1 2
U2 56
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0016-6707
J9 GENETICA
JI Genetica
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 138
IS 1
BP 5
EP 18
DI 10.1007/s10709-009-9358-y
PG 14
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 530TU
UT WOS:000272616000002
PM 19308664
ER
PT J
AU Li, JH
Erickson, JE
Peresta, G
Drake, BG
AF Li, Jiahong
Erickson, John E.
Peresta, Gary
Drake, Bert G.
TI Evapotranspiration and water use efficiency in a Chesapeake Bay wetland
under carbon dioxide enrichment
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Chesapeake Bay wetland; elevated CO2; evapotranspiration; precipitation;
salinity; sea level; stomatal conductance; water use efficiency
ID ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; SCRUB-OAK ECOSYSTEM; OPEN-TOP CHAMBER;
STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE; SEA-LEVEL; SALT; MARSH;
GROWTH; PHOTOSYNTHESIS
AB Wetlands evapotranspire more water than other ecosystems, including agricultural, forest and grassland ecosystems. However, the effects of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration (C-a) on wetland evapotranspiration (ET) are largely unknown. Here, we present data on 12 years of measurements of ET, net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE), and ecosystem water use efficiency (EWUE, i.e. NEE/ET) at 13:00-15:00 hours in July and August for a Scirpus olneyi (C3 sedge) community and a Spartina patens (C4 grass) community exposed to ambient and elevated (ambient + 340 mu mol mol(-1)) C-a in a Chesapeake Bay wetland. Although a decrease in stomatal conductance at elevated C-a in the S. olneyi community was counteracted by an increase in leaf area index (LAI) to some extend, ET was still reduced by 19% on average over 12 years. In the S. patens community, LAI was not affected by elevated C-a and the reduction of ET was 34%, larger than in the S. olneyi community. For both communities, the relative reduction in ET by elevated C-a was directly proportional to precipitation due to a larger reduction in stomatal conductance in the control plants as precipitation decreased. NEE was stimulated about 36% at elevated C-a in the S. olneyi community but was not significantly affected by elevated C-a in S. patens community. A negative correlation between salinity and precipitation observed in the field indicated that precipitation affected ET through altered salinity and interacted with growth C-a. This proposed mechanism was supported by a greenhouse study that showed a greater C-a effect on ET in controlled low salinity conditions compared with high salinity. In spite of the differences between the two communities in their responses to elevated C-a, EWUE was increased about 83% by elevated C-a in both the S. olneyi and S. patens communities. These findings suggest that rising C-a could have significant impacts on the hydrologic cycles of coastal wetlands.
C1 [Li, Jiahong; Erickson, John E.; Peresta, Gary; Drake, Bert G.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
RP Li, JH (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
EM lij@si.edu
FU US Department of Energy
FX This work was supported by a grant to the Smithsonian Institution by the
US Department of Energy. We are grateful to Hans Anderson for his
assistance with the measurements on stomatal conductance in the field,
to Tom Jordan for providing the weather data, and to Jesse Leddick for
assistance with data collection in the greenhouse experiment. We also
appreciate the constructive comments from the subject editor Dr Rowan
Sage and
NR 43
TC 15
Z9 21
U1 11
U2 55
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 16
IS 1
BP 234
EP 245
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01941.x
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 554EV
UT WOS:000274419200019
ER
PT B
AU Launius, RD
Fleming, JR
DeVorkin, DH
AF Launius, Roger D.
Fleming, James Rodger
DeVorkin, David H.
BE Launius, RD
Fleming, JR
DeVorkin, DH
TI Rise of Global Scientific Inquiry in the International Polar and
Geophysical Years Introduction
SO GLOBALIZING POLAR SCIENCE: RECONSIDERING THE INTERNATIONAL POLAR AND
GEOPHYSICAL YEARS
SE Palgrave Studies in the History of Science and Technology
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 [Launius, Roger D.; DeVorkin, David H.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Fleming, James Rodger] Colby Coll, Waterville, ME 04901 USA.
RP Launius, RD (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PALGRAVE
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-230-11465-4
J9 PALGR STUD HIST SCI
PY 2010
BP 1
EP 9
D2 10.1057/9780230114654
PG 9
WC History & Philosophy Of Science
SC History & Philosophy of Science
GA BVM13
UT WOS:000291858200001
ER
PT J
AU Launius, RD
AF Launius, Roger D.
BE Launius, RD
Fleming, JR
DeVorkin, DH
TI Toward the Poles: A Historiography of Scientific Exploration during the
International Polar Years and the International Geophysical Year
SO GLOBALIZING POLAR SCIENCE: RECONSIDERING THE INTERNATIONAL POLAR AND
GEOPHYSICAL YEARS
SE Palgrave Studies in the History of Science and Technology
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID ANTARCTIC RESEARCH; SCIENCE; POLITICS; COLLABORATION; INSTRUMENT;
CLIMATE
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Launius, RD (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 285
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU PALGRAVE
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-230-11465-4
J9 PALGR STUD HIST SCI
PY 2010
BP 47
EP 81
D2 10.1057/9780230114654
PG 35
WC History & Philosophy Of Science
SC History & Philosophy of Science
GA BVM13
UT WOS:000291858200005
ER
PT B
AU Needell, AA
AF Needell, Allan A.
BE Launius, RD
Fleming, JR
DeVorkin, DH
TI Lloyd Berkner and the International Geophysical Year Proposal in
Context: With Some Comments on the Implications for the Comite Speciale
de l'Annee Geophysique Internationale, CSAGI, Request for Launching
Earth Orbiting Satellites
SO GLOBALIZING POLAR SCIENCE: RECONSIDERING THE INTERNATIONAL POLAR AND
GEOPHYSICAL YEARS
SE Palgrave Studies in the History of Science and Technology
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Needell, AA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 45
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PALGRAVE
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-230-11465-4
J9 PALGR STUD HIST SCI
PY 2010
BP 205
EP 224
D2 10.1057/9780230114654
PG 20
WC History & Philosophy Of Science
SC History & Philosophy of Science
GA BVM13
UT WOS:000291858200012
ER
PT J
AU Broadbent, ND
AF Broadbent, Noel D.
BE Launius, RD
Fleming, JR
DeVorkin, DH
TI Polar Politics, Historical Narratives, and Saami Prehistory
SO GLOBALIZING POLAR SCIENCE: RECONSIDERING THE INTERNATIONAL POLAR AND
GEOPHYSICAL YEARS
SE Palgrave Studies in the History of Science and Technology
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Broadbent, ND (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PALGRAVE
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-230-11465-4
J9 PALGR STUD HIST SCI
PY 2010
BP 343
EP 353
D2 10.1057/9780230114654
PG 11
WC History & Philosophy Of Science
SC History & Philosophy of Science
GA BVM13
UT WOS:000291858200019
ER
PT J
AU Sonnert, G
Holton, G
AF Sonnert, Gerhard
Holton, Gerald
BE Sonnert, G
Holton, G
TI Helping Young Refugees and Immigrants Succeed Introduction
SO HELPING YOUNG REFUGEES AND IMMIGRANTS SUCCEED: PUBLIC POLICY, AID, AND
EDUCATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
ID AMERICAN HIGH-SCHOOL; UNITED-STATES; SEGMENTED ASSIMILATION; SOCIAL
SUPPORT; 2ND-GENERATION DECLINE; EDUCATIONAL-ATTAINMENT; PROGRAM
EVALUATIONS; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; WELFARE-REFORM; MIDDLE SCHOOL
C1 [Sonnert, Gerhard] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Sonnert, Gerhard] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Sci Educ Dept, Cambridge, MA USA.
RP Sonnert, G (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 399
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU PALGRAVE
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-230-11296-4
PY 2010
BP 1
EP +
D2 10.1057/9780230112964
PG 29
WC Education & Educational Research; Sociology
SC Education & Educational Research; Sociology
GA BVP91
UT WOS:000292259000001
ER
PT B
AU Sonnert, G
Holton, G
AF Sonnert, Gerhard
Holton, Gerald
BE Sonnert, G
Holton, G
TI Successful Young Refugees from Central Europe-Potential Lessons for
Today
SO HELPING YOUNG REFUGEES AND IMMIGRANTS SUCCEED: PUBLIC POLICY, AID, AND
EDUCATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Sonnert, Gerhard] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Sonnert, Gerhard] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Sci Educ Dept, Cambridge, MA USA.
RP Sonnert, G (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PALGRAVE
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-230-11296-4
PY 2010
BP 37
EP 49
D2 10.1057/9780230112964
PG 13
WC Education & Educational Research; Sociology
SC Education & Educational Research; Sociology
GA BVP91
UT WOS:000292259000006
ER
PT J
AU Perez-Buitrago, N
Sabat, AM
McMillan, WO
AF Perez-Buitrago, Nestor
Sabat, Alberto M.
Owen McMillan, W.
TI SPATIAL ECOLOGY OF THE ENDANGERED MONA ISLAND IGUANA CYCLURA CORNUTA
STEJNEGERI: DOES TERRITORIAL BEHAVIOR REGULATE DENSITY?
SO HERPETOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS
LA English
DT Article
DE Cyclura; Home range; Iguana; Telemetry; Territorial behavior;
Territoriality
ID HOME-RANGE ECOLOGY; AGGRESSIVE-BEHAVIOR; CYCHLURA-INORNATA; BODY-SIZE;
LIZARD; POPULATION; HABITAT; CONSEQUENCES; CONSERVATION; SURVIVAL
AB The endangered iguana Cyclura cornuta stejnegeri is endemic to Mona Island, Puerto Rico. Factors accounting for its protected status include low adult densities and relatively low abundance of juveniles. We studied the spatial ecology, territoriality, and philopatric behavior along a gradient of human-disturbed areas to increase our understanding of its unusual demography. We used the minimum convex polygon (MCP) method to estimate the home range of radiomarked iguanas, the degree of inter- and intrasex home-range overlap, and the temporal patterns of space use by 42 iguanas (19 males and 23 females, including 4 juvenile individuals) during the nonbreeding (October November) and mating season (June) at three Mona Island localities with different levels of human disturbance. Juvenile iguanas had larger home ranges and move across the home ranges of several adults. Adult males had larger home ranges than females and no significant temporal differences in size or pattern of usage (Cole index) were detected between the study periods. Females, despite reducing their home-range size during the mating season, changed the usage patterns, resulting in increased interactions with neighboring males. Home-range overlap was minimal between males, followed by female female overlap and maximal between males and females. Our results suggest that Mona Island iguanas are highly territorial throughout the year; particularly males in the mid- and undisturbed areas where almost all home-range areas appear to be equivalent to the defended territory. In the most disturbed area, where supplemental feeding by humans exists, home ranges are smaller and there is larger intersex home-range overlap. Previously, the low density of the population was attributed to lack of recruitment into adult stages due to predation of juveniles by nonnative mammals. However, the high levels of territoriality documented in this study may be an additional factor explaining the low densities exhibited by this population. Our data suggest that the three study sites may be at or close to carrying capacities for males, because there appear to be no vacant areas for additional males. Furthermore, the large and highly overlapping home ranges exhibited by four juvenile iguanas suggest that they are or will become floaters in search of unoccupied space.
C1 [Perez-Buitrago, Nestor; Sabat, Alberto M.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
[Owen McMillan, W.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama.
RP Perez-Buitrago, N (reprint author), Univ Nacl Colombia, Km 9,Via Tame, Arauca, Colombia.
EM yaui@yahoo.com
FU Center for Applied Tropical Ecology and Conservation (CREST-CATEC) at
the University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus [NSF HRD-0206200]
FX This research was funded by the Center for Applied Tropical Ecology and
Conservation (CREST-CATEC; grant NSF HRD-0206200) at the University of
Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus. Logistic support was provided by the
DRNA, and we are particularly grateful to A. Alvarez, C. Diez, M.
Garcia, and the staff of the Endangered Species Division of the DRNA.
The DRNA Mona Island staff (rangers, biologists and technicians) helped
us in many ways while conducting this project. Particularly, we are very
grateful to G. Pons, M. Nieves, M. Perez, J. Jimenez, M. Bonet, and R.
Pagan. Many people helped us in the field, mainly A. Alvarez, J.
Delgado, J. Bendon, S. Boven, R. Menendez, M. J. Andrade, J. Castro, C.
Toledo, M. Zalamea, M. Rujas, M. Correa, and K. Rosas. We also want to
thank A. Alberts, J. B. Iverson, S. M. Funk, and P. Angulo-Sandoval for
reviewing early versions of this manuscript. Finally, we thank two
anonymous reviewers for their comments to improve this document.
NR 65
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 10
PU HERPETOLOGISTS LEAGUE
PI EMPORIA
PA EMPORIA STATE UNIV, DIVISION BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 1200 COMMERCIAL ST,
EMPORIA, KS 66801-5087 USA
SN 0733-1347
EI 1938-5137
J9 HERPETOL MONOGR
JI Herpetol. Monogr.
PY 2010
VL 24
BP 86
EP 110
DI 10.1655/HERPMONOGRAPHS-D-09-039.1
PG 25
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 728VO
UT WOS:000287902800003
ER
PT B
AU Coe, MJ
Corbet, RHD
McGowan, KE
McBride, VA
Schurch, MPE
Townsend, LJ
Galache, JL
Negueruela, I
Buckley, D
AF Coe, M. J.
Corbet, R. H. D.
McGowan, K. E.
McBride, V. A.
Schurch, M. P. E.
Townsend, L. J.
Galache, J. L.
Negueruela, I.
Buckley, D.
BE Marti, J
LuqueEscamilla, PL
Combi, JA
TI The Population of High-Mass X-Ray Binaries in the Small Magellanic Cloud
SO HIGH ENERGY PHENOMENA IN MASSIVE STARS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Meeting on High Energy Phenomena in Massive Stars
CY FEB 02-05, 2009
CL Univ Jaen, Jaen, SPAIN
SP Universitas Giennensis, Escuela Politecn Superior Jaen, Junta Andalucia, Universe Yours Discover
HO Univ Jaen
ID STARS
AB The Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) represents an exciting opportunity to observe the direct results of tidal interactions on star birth and stellar evolution. One of the best indicators of recent star birth activity is the presence of significant numbers of High-Mass X-ray Binaries (HMXBs)-and the SMC has them in abundance! Here we present results from nearly 10 years of monitoring these systems plus ground-based optical data. Together they permit us to build a picture of a galaxy with a mass of only similar to 1 percent of the Milky Way but with a more extensive HMXB population. However, as often happens, new discoveries lead to some challenging puzzles: where are the other X-ray binaries (eg black hole and low mass systems) in the SMC? and why do virtually all the SMC HMXBs have Be star companions and, rarely, a supergiant companion? The evidence arising from these extensive observations for this apparently unusual stellar evolution are discussed.
C1 [Coe, M. J.; McGowan, K. E.; McBride, V. A.; Schurch, M. P. E.; Townsend, L. J.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
[Corbet, R. H. D.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Galache, J. L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Negueruela, I.] Univ Alicante, Dept Fis, Ingenieria Sistemas Teoria Serial, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
[Buckley, D.] South African Astron Observ, Cape Town 7935, South Africa.
RP Coe, MJ (reprint author), Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
RI Negueruela, Ignacio/L-5483-2014
OI Negueruela, Ignacio/0000-0003-1952-3680
NR 11
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-724-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 422
BP 224
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BUE39
UT WOS:000289008000024
ER
PT S
AU Young, MCB
AF Young, Monica C. B.
BE Corbett, IF
TI A New Look at Optical and X-ray Emission in SDSS/XMM-Newton Quasars
SO HIGHLIGHTS OF ASTRONOMY, VOL 15
SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 27th IAU General Assembly
CY AUG 03-14, 2009
CL Ctr Convencoes SulAmerica, Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
HO Ctr Convencoes SulAmerica
DE quasars: general; galaxies: active; accretion; accretion disks
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DISK WINDS
AB We develop a new approach to the well-studied anti-correlation between the optical-to-X-ray spectral index, alpha(ox) and the monochromatic optical luminosity, l(opt). By cross-correlating the SDSS DR5 quasar catalog with the XMM-Newton archive, we create a sample of 327 quasars with both optical and X-ray spectra, allowing alpha(ox) to be defined at arbitrary frequencies, rather than the standard 2500 angstrom and 2 keV. We find that while the choice of optical wavelength does not strongly influence the alpha(ox) - l(opt) relation, the slope of the relation flattens significantly with X-ray energy. This result suggests a change in the efficiency of X-ray photon production, where the efficiency of low energy X-ray production depends more strongly on the seed (optical/UV) photon supply. We discuss implications for line-driven wind models.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Young, MCB (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM myoung@head.cfa.harvard.edu
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 1743-9213
BN 978-1-107-00533-4
J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES
JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series
PY 2010
VL 15
BP 263
EP 265
DI 10.1017/S1743921310009130
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BUR92
UT WOS:000290186900099
ER
PT S
AU Kim, DW
Pellegrini, S
AF Kim, Dong-Woo
Pellegrini, Silvia
BE Corbett, IF
TI JD8-Hot Interstellar Matter in Elliptical Galaxies
SO HIGHLIGHTS OF ASTRONOMY, VOL 15
SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 27th IAU General Assembly
CY AUG 03-14, 2009
CL Ctr Convencoes SulAmerica, Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
HO Ctr Convencoes SulAmerica
C1 [Kim, Dong-Woo] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Kim, DW (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM kim@cfa.harvard.edu; silvia.pellegrini@unibo.it
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 1743-9213
BN 978-1-107-00533-4
J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES
JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series
PY 2010
VL 15
BP 269
EP 270
DI 10.1017/S1743921310009154
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BUR92
UT WOS:000290186900101
ER
PT S
AU Fabbiano, G
AF Fabbiano, G.
BE Corbett, IF
TI The hot ISM of early-type galaxies
SO HIGHLIGHTS OF ASTRONOMY, VOL 15
SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 27th IAU General Assembly
CY AUG 03-14, 2009
CL Ctr Convencoes SulAmerica, Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
HO Ctr Convencoes SulAmerica
ID INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; NGC 3379; MASS; EMISSION; CLUSTER; CHANDRA; SAMPLE;
M87
C1 [Fabbiano, G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM gfabbiano@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 1743-9213
BN 978-1-107-00533-4
J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES
JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series
PY 2010
VL 15
BP 271
EP 272
DI 10.1017/S1743921310009166
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BUR92
UT WOS:000290186900102
ER
PT S
AU Kim, DW
AF Kim, Dong-Woo
BE Corbett, IF
TI Hot ISM in young elliptical galaxies
SO HIGHLIGHTS OF ASTRONOMY, VOL 15
SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 27th IAU General Assembly
CY AUG 03-14, 2009
CL Ctr Convencoes SulAmerica, Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
HO Ctr Convencoes SulAmerica
DE galaxies: elliptical and lenticular; cD; X-rays: galaxies; X-rays: ISM
C1 [Kim, Dong-Woo] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM kim@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 1743-9213
BN 978-1-107-00533-4
J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES
JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series
PY 2010
VL 15
BP 285
EP 285
DI 10.1017/S1743921310009282
PG 1
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BUR92
UT WOS:000290186900114
ER
PT S
AU Goddi, C
Greenhill, L
Humphreys, E
Matthews, L
Chandler, C
AF Goddi, C.
Greenhill, L.
Humphreys, E.
Matthews, L.
Chandler, C.
BE Corbett, IF
TI A movie of accretion/ejection of material in a high-mass YSO in Orion
BN/KL at radii comparable to the Solar System
SO HIGHLIGHTS OF ASTRONOMY, VOL 15
SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 27th IAU General Assembly
CY AUG 03-14, 2009
CL Ctr Convencoes SulAmerica, Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
HO Ctr Convencoes SulAmerica
C1 [Goddi, C.; Greenhill, L.; Humphreys, E.; Matthews, L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 1743-9213
BN 978-1-107-00533-4
J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES
JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series
PY 2010
VL 15
BP 750
EP 750
DI 10.1017/S174392131001135X
PG 1
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BUR92
UT WOS:000290186900471
ER
PT S
AU Wright, NJ
Barlow, MJ
Greimel, R
Drew, JE
Matsuura, M
AF Wright, N. J.
Barlow, M. J.
Greimel, R.
Drew, J. E.
Matsuura, M.
BE Corbett, IF
TI Galactic AGB stars from the IPHAS survey
SO HIGHLIGHTS OF ASTRONOMY, VOL 15
SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 27th IAU General Assembly
CY AUG 03-14, 2009
CL Ctr Convencoes SulAmerica, Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
HO Ctr Convencoes SulAmerica
DE stars: AGB and post-AGB; stars: carbon; infrared: stars; techniques:
spectroscopic
C1 [Wright, N. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Barlow, Michael/A-5638-2009
OI Barlow, Michael/0000-0002-3875-1171
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 1743-9213
BN 978-1-107-00533-4
J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES
JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series
PY 2010
VL 15
BP 813
EP 813
DI 10.1017/S1743921310011919
PG 1
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BUR92
UT WOS:000290186900528
ER
PT S
AU Falco, EE
AF Falco, Emilio E.
BE Diego, JM
Goicoechea, LJ
GonzalezSerrano, JI
Gorgas, J
TI Gravitational Lenses: An Update
SO HIGHLIGHTS OF SPANISH ASTROPHYSICS V
SE Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th Scientific Meeting of the Spanish-Astronomical-Society (SEA)
CY JUL 07-11, 2008
CL Univ Cantabria, Inst Fisica Cantabria, Santander, SPAIN
SP Spanish Astronom Soc
HO Univ Cantabria, Inst Fisica Cantabria
ID TIME-DELAY; GALAXIES; QUASAR; SDSS-J1004+4112; DISCOVERY; Q0957+561;
IMAGE
AB The impact of gravitational lenses on our knowledge of the Universe is inversely proportional to their scarcity. In the weak-field limit, lensing studies are based on well-established physics and thus offer a direct, simple approach to address many pressing problems of astrophysics and cosmology. Examples of these are the significance of dark matter and the density, age and size of the Universe. I describe examples of these applications. I also present new developments in cosmological applications of gravitational lenses, regarding estimates of the Hubble constant using strong lensing of quasars. I describe our recent measurements of time delays for the images of SDSS J1004+4112, and discuss prospects for the future utilizing synoptic telescopes, planned, under construction, and beginning operations.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, FL Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
RP Falco, EE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, FL Whipple Observ, POB 6369, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
EM falco@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1570-6591
BN 978-3-642-11249-2
J9 ASTROPHYSICS SPACE
PY 2010
BP 27
EP 38
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-11250-8_3
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BZU25
UT WOS:000302967500003
ER
PT J
AU Collins, M
AF Collins, Martin
TI Untitled
SO HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Collins, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0734-1512
J9 HIST TECHNOL
JI Hist. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 1
BP 1
EP 2
DI 10.1080/07341511003595286
PG 2
WC History
SC History
GA 582UW
UT WOS:000276626200001
ER
PT J
AU Collins, M
AF Collins, Martin
TI Editor's note
SO HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Collins, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0734-1512
J9 HIST TECHNOL
JI Hist. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 3
BP 187
EP 187
AR PII 927275280
DI 10.1080/07341512.2010.521454
PG 1
WC History
SC History
GA 654LI
UT WOS:000282169400001
ER
PT J
AU Collins, M
AF Collins, Martin
TI Untitled
SO HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Collins, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0734-1512
J9 HIST TECHNOL
JI Hist. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 4
BP 281
EP 281
AR PII 930855993
DI 10.1080/07341512.2010.537864
PG 1
WC History
SC History
GA 692HQ
UT WOS:000285144300001
ER
PT J
AU Haney, E
AF Haney, Erin
TI Film, Charcoal, Time: Contemporaneities in Gold Coast Photographs
SO HISTORY OF PHOTOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ghana; Gold Coast; history; photography; portraiture; Gerhardt Lutterodt
(active ca; 1870s); George A; G; Lutterodt (active ca; mid - 1870s);
Albert Lutterodt (born 1869); Frederick Richard Christian Lutterodt
(1871-1937); Frederick G; C; Lutterodt (1896-1973); Wulff-Joseph Wulff;
(1810-42); performance; audience; archives
AB As photography was taken up in the entrepots of nineteenth-century west Africa, among them Cape Coast and Accra, it became a primary mode of portraiture. When considered alongside colonial-era holdings in European and US archives, historical photograph collections in families in Ghana suggest that photography's emergence cannot be separated from a range of other emerging and far-reaching creative modernisms. These portraits entail aspects of ceremonial debut spectacles, political ascendancy rites, and the visuality of decorum in larger public performances. From the medium's inception, photographs have been held and kept as enduring objects; at the same time, they are the layered products of multiple formal, aesthetic, temporal and conceptual interventions in a range of media, only some of which are the work of a camera.
RP Haney, E (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum African Art, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0308-7298
J9 HIST PHOTOGR
JI Hist. Photogr.
PY 2010
VL 34
IS 2
SI SI
BP 119
EP 133
AR PII 921487735
DI 10.1080/03087290903361464
PG 15
WC Art
SC Art
GA 593TP
UT WOS:000277484000002
ER
PT J
AU Carter, SA
AF Carter, Sarah Anne
TI Picturing Rooms: Interior Photography 1870-1900
SO HISTORY OF PHOTOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pach Brothers; A; H; Folsom; Knowlton Brothers; Julian Burroughs;
Wallace Nutting; nineteenth-century architectural photography; interior
photography; portraiture of rooms; nineteenth-century domestic space;
photographic house books; albums; interior design
AB This study examines the meanings of late-nineteenth-century interior photography, a widespread but critically ignored practice. Drawing on collections in the USA, it considers three types of domestic interior photographs: house books or bound series of photographs taken by professional photographers to document the homes of middle- or upper-class families; photographs taken by the inhabitants of homes to document their own interiors; and photographs of college dormitory rooms. Consideration of the role narrative, aesthetics and biography play in the creation and preservation of interior photographs complicates the presumption that interior photography may offer a transparent view of the private spaces of nineteenth-century Americans. Rather, in the context of nineteenth-century cultures that appreciated both the analytical and metonymic values of photographs, views of interiors may be understood as specific kinds of visual rhetoric employed to make sense of domestic spaces over time.
C1 [Carter, Sarah Anne] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Carter, Sarah Anne] Smithsonian Amer Art Museum, Washington, DC USA.
RP Carter, SA (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM scarter@fas.harvard.edu
NR 29
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0308-7298
J9 HIST PHOTOGR
JI Hist. Photogr.
PY 2010
VL 34
IS 3
BP 251
EP 267
AR PII 924593991
DI 10.1080/03087290903361456
PG 17
WC Art
SC Art
GA 630IR
UT WOS:000280267100003
ER
PT S
AU Launius, RD
AF Launius, Roger D.
BE Ciancone, ML
TI Evolving Public Perceptions of Human Spaceflight in American Culture
SO HISTORY OF ROCKETRY AND ASTRONAUTICS
SE AAS History Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 36th International-Academy-of-Astronautics History Symposium
CY OCT 10-19, 2002
CL Houston, TX
ID SPACE
AB There is a belief that exists in the United States about public support for NASA's human spaceflight activities. Many hold that NASA and the cause of the human exploration of space enjoyed outstanding public support and confidence in the 1960s during the era of Apollo and that public support waned in the post-Apollo era, only to sink to quite low depths in the decade of the 1990s. These beliefs are predicated on anecdotal evidence that should not be discounted, but empirical evidence gleaned from public opinion polling data suggest that some of these conceptions are totally incorrect and others are either incomplete or more nuanced than previously believed. This article explores the evolution of public support for space exploration since the 1960s. Using polling data from a variety of sources it presents trends throughout time and offers comments on the meaning of public perceptions for the evolution of space policy and the development of space exploration in the United States.
C1 [Launius, Roger D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Div Space Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER ASTRONAUTICAL SOC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA PUBLICATIONS OFFICE PO BOX 28130, SAN DIEGO, CA 92128 USA
SN 0730-3564
BN 978-0-87703-559-6
J9 AAS HIST SER
PY 2010
VL 33
BP 385
EP 404
PG 20
WC Engineering, Aerospace; History & Philosophy Of Science
SC Engineering; History & Philosophy of Science
GA BVS01
UT WOS:000292619400020
ER
PT S
AU Seth, A
Cappellari, M
Neumayer, N
Caldwell, N
Bastian, N
Olsen, K
Blum, R
Debattista, VP
McDermid, R
Puzia, T
Stephens, A
AF Seth, Anil
Cappellari, Michele
Neumayer, Nadine
Caldwell, Nelson
Bastian, Nate
Olsen, Knut
Blum, Robert
Debattista, Victor P.
McDermid, Richard
Puzia, Thomas
Stephens, Andrew
BE Debattista, VP
Popescu, CC
TI Nuclear Star Clusters & Black Holes
SO HUNTING FOR THE DARK: THE HIDDEN SIDE OF GALAXY FORMATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Hunting for the Dark: The Hidden Side of
Galaxy Formation
CY OCT 19-23, 2009
CL Qawra, MALTA
SP Univ Malta, Univ Central Lancashire, Malta Council Sci Tech, Royal Astronom Soc, Heritage Malta, Toyota, Michael Debono Ltd, Air Malta, Farsons
ID SPIRAL GALAXIES; MODELS; MASS; GAS
AB We summarize the recent results of our survey of the nearest nuclear star clusters. The purpose of the survey is to understand nuclear star cluster formation mechanisms and constrain the presence of black holes using adaptive optics assisted integral field spectroscopy, optical spectroscopy, and HST imaging in 13 galaxies within 5 Mpc. We discuss the formation history of the nuclear star cluster and possible detection of an intermediate mass BH in NGC 404, the nearest S0 galaxy.
C1 [Seth, Anil; Caldwell, Nelson] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 20, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Cappellari, Michele] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, England.
[Neumayer, Nadine] European Southern Observ, Garching, Germany.
[Bastian, Nate] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England.
[Olsen, Knut; Blum, Robert] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Debattista, Victor P.] Univ Cent Lancashire, Jeremiah Horrocks Inst, Preston, Lancs, England.
[McDermid, Richard; Stephens, Andrew] Gemini, Hilo, HI USA.
[Puzia, Thomas] Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC, Canada.
RP Seth, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 20, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM aseth@cfa.harvard.edu; cappellari@astro.ox.ac.uk;
vpdebattista@uclan.ac.uk
OI Cappellari, Michele/0000-0002-1283-8420
NR 14
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0786-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1240
BP 227
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3458493
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BRR30
UT WOS:000283480000050
ER
PT S
AU Hartmann, M
Debattista, VP
Seth, A
Cappellari, M
Quinn, T
AF Hartmann, Markus
Debattista, Victor P.
Seth, Anil
Cappellari, Michele
Quinn, Thomas
BE Debattista, VP
Popescu, CC
TI Structural and Kinematical Constraints on the Formation of Stellar
Nuclear Clusters
SO HUNTING FOR THE DARK: THE HIDDEN SIDE OF GALAXY FORMATION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Hunting for the Dark: The Hidden Side of
Galaxy Formation
CY OCT 19-23, 2009
CL Qawra, MALTA
SP Univ Malta, Univ Central Lancashire, Malta Council Sci Tech, Royal Astronom Soc, Heritage Malta, Toyota, Michael Debono Ltd, Air Malta, Farsons
ID EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; SPIRAL GALAXIES; STAR-CLUSTERS; MASS
AB We study the formation of stellar nuclear clusters (NC) with two types of N-body simulations: mergers of star clusters (SC) at the centre of disk galaxies and the accretion of a SC onto a previous NC. The merging of SCs produces systems consistent with observed scaling relations, they have shapes comparable with those observed and rotation consistent with that observed in the NCs of NGC 4244 and M 33.
C1 [Hartmann, Markus; Debattista, Victor P.] Univ Cent Lancashire, Jeremiah Horrocks Inst, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, England.
[Seth, Anil] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Cappellari, Michele] Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
[Quinn, Thomas] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Hartmann, M (reprint author), Univ Cent Lancashire, Jeremiah Horrocks Inst, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, England.
EM mhartmann@uclan.ac.uk; aseth@cfa.harvard.edu; cappellari@astro.ox.ac.uk
OI Cappellari, Michele/0000-0002-1283-8420
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0786-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1240
BP 243
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3458499
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BRR30
UT WOS:000283480000056
ER
PT J
AU McEwen, AS
Banks, ME
Baugh, N
Becker, K
Boyd, A
Bergstrom, JW
Beyer, RA
Bortolini, E
Bridges, NT
Byrne, S
Castalia, B
Chuang, FC
Crumpler, LS
Daubar, I
Davatzes, AK
Deardorff, DG
DeJong, A
Delamere, WA
Dobrea, EN
Dundas, CM
Eliason, EM
Espinoza, Y
Fennema, A
Fishbaugh, KE
Forrester, T
Geissler, PE
Grant, JA
Griffes, JL
Grotzinger, JP
Gulick, VC
Hansen, CJ
Herkenhoff, KE
Heyd, R
Jaeger, WL
Jones, D
Kanefsky, B
Keszthelyi, L
King, R
Kirk, RL
Kolb, KJ
Lasco, J
Lefort, A
Leis, R
Lewis, KW
Martinez-Alonso, S
Mattson, S
McArthur, G
Mellon, MT
Metz, JM
Milazzo, MP
Milliken, RE
Motazedian, T
Okubo, CH
Ortiz, A
Philippoff, AJ
Plassmann, J
Polit, A
Russell, PS
Schaller, C
Searls, ML
Spriggs, T
Squyres, SW
Tarr, S
Thomas, N
Thomson, BJ
Tornabene, LL
Van Houten, C
Verba, C
Weitz, CM
Wray, JJ
AF McEwen, Alfred S.
Banks, Maria E.
Baugh, Nicole
Becker, Kris
Boyd, Aaron
Bergstrom, James W.
Beyer, Ross A.
Bortolini, Edward
Bridges, Nathan T.
Byrne, Shane
Castalia, Bradford
Chuang, Frank C.
Crumpler, Larry S.
Daubar, Ingrid
Davatzes, Alix K.
Deardorff, Donald G.
DeJong, Alaina
Delamere, W. Alan
Dobrea, Eldar Noe
Dundas, Colin M.
Eliason, Eric M.
Espinoza, Yisrael
Fennema, Audrie
Fishbaugh, Kathryn E.
Forrester, Terry
Geissler, Paul E.
Grant, John A.
Griffes, Jennifer L.
Grotzinger, John P.
Gulick, Virginia C.
Hansen, Candice J.
Herkenhoff, Kenneth E.
Heyd, Rodney
Jaeger, Windy L.
Jones, Dean
Kanefsky, Bob
Keszthelyi, Laszlo
King, Robert
Kirk, Randolph L.
Kolb, Kelly J.
Lasco, Jeffrey
Lefort, Alexandra
Leis, Richard
Lewis, Kevin W.
Martinez-Alonso, Sara
Mattson, Sarah
McArthur, Guy
Mellon, Michael T.
Metz, Joannah M.
Milazzo, Moses P.
Milliken, Ralph E.
Motazedian, Tahirih
Okubo, Chris H.
Ortiz, Albert
Philippoff, Andrea J.
Plassmann, Joseph
Polit, Anjani
Russell, Patrick S.
Schaller, Christian
Searls, Mindi L.
Spriggs, Timothy
Squyres, Steven W.
Tarr, Steven
Thomas, Nicolas
Thomson, Bradley J.
Tornabene, Livio L.
Van Houten, Charlie
Verba, Circe
Weitz, Catherine M.
Wray, James J.
TI The High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) during MRO's
Primary Science Phase (PSP)
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Review
DE Mars; surface; Mars; climate; Mars; polar geology; Image processing
ID MARS ORBITER CAMERA; NORTH POLAR-REGION; GROUND ICE; ATHABASCA VALLES;
MARTIAN CLIMATE; NEAR-SURFACE; FLUID-FLOW; WATER ICE; DEPOSITS;
EVOLUTION
AB The High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) acquired 8 terapixels of data in 9137 images of Mars between October 2006 and December 2008, covering similar to 0.55% of the surface. Images are typically 5-6 km wide with 3-color coverage over the central 20% of the swath, and their scales usually range from 25 to 60 cm/pixel. Nine hundred and sixty stereo pairs were acquired and more than 50 digital terrain models (DTMs) completed; these data have led to some of the most significant science results. New methods to measure and correct distortions due to pointing jitter facilitate topographic and change-detection studies at sub-meter scales. Recent results address Noachian bedrock stratigraphy, fluvially deposited fans in craters and in or near Valles Marineris, groundwater flow in fractures and porous media, quasi-periodic layering in polar and non-polar deposits, tectonic history of west Candor Chasma, geometry of clay-rich deposits near and within Mawrth Vallis, dynamics of flood lavas in the Cerberus Palus region, evidence for pyroclastic deposits columnar jointing in lava flows,, recent collapse pits, evidence for water in well-preserved impact craters, newly discovered large rayed craters, and glacial and periglacial processes. Of particular interest are ongoing processes such as those driven by the wind, impact cratering, avalanches of dust and/or frost, relatively bright deposits on steep gullied slopes, and the dynamic seasonal processes over polar regions. HiRISE has acquired hundreds of large images of past, present and potential future landing sites and has contributed to scientific and engineering Studies of those sites. Warming the focal-plane electronics prior to imaging has mitigated an instrument anomaly that produces bad data under cold operating conditions. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [McEwen, Alfred S.; Banks, Maria E.; Baugh, Nicole; Boyd, Aaron; Byrne, Shane; Castalia, Bradford; Daubar, Ingrid; DeJong, Alaina; Dundas, Colin M.; Eliason, Eric M.; Espinoza, Yisrael; Fennema, Audrie; Forrester, Terry; Heyd, Rodney; Jones, Dean; King, Robert; Kolb, Kelly J.; Leis, Richard; Mattson, Sarah; McArthur, Guy; Motazedian, Tahirih; Ortiz, Albert; Philippoff, Andrea J.; Plassmann, Joseph; Polit, Anjani; Schaller, Christian; Spriggs, Timothy; Tornabene, Livio L.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Becker, Kris; Geissler, Paul E.; Herkenhoff, Kenneth E.; Jaeger, Windy L.; Keszthelyi, Laszlo; Kirk, Randolph L.; Milazzo, Moses P.; Okubo, Chris H.; Verba, Circe] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Bergstrom, James W.; Bortolini, Edward; Lasco, Jeffrey; Tarr, Steven; Van Houten, Charlie] Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Beyer, Ross A.; Deardorff, Donald G.; Gulick, Virginia C.; Kanefsky, Bob] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Beyer, Ross A.; Deardorff, Donald G.; Gulick, Virginia C.; Kanefsky, Bob] SETI Inst, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Bridges, Nathan T.; Dobrea, Eldar Noe; Hansen, Candice J.; Milliken, Ralph E.; Thomson, Bradley J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Chuang, Frank C.; Weitz, Catherine M.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Crumpler, Larry S.] New Mexico Museum Nat Hist & Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87104 USA.
[Davatzes, Alix K.] Temple Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
[Delamere, W. Alan] Delamere Support Syst, Boulder, CO 80304 USA.
[Fishbaugh, Kathryn E.; Grant, John A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Griffes, Jennifer L.; Grotzinger, John P.; Lewis, Kevin W.; Metz, Joannah M.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Lefort, Alexandra; Russell, Patrick S.; Thomas, Nicolas] Univ Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
[Martinez-Alonso, Sara; Mellon, Michael T.; Searls, Mindi L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Squyres, Steven W.; Wray, James J.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Thomson, Bradley J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
RP McEwen, AS (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, 1541 E Univ Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM mcewen@lpl.arizona.edu
RI Wray, James/B-8457-2008; Davatzes, Alexandra/B-1479-2012; Byrne,
Shane/B-8104-2012; Lewis, Kevin/E-5557-2012; Daubar, Ingrid/N-1408-2013;
Martinez-Alonso, Sara/D-8594-2011; Mellon, Michael/C-3456-2016; Bridges,
Nathan/D-6341-2016;
OI Dundas, Colin/0000-0003-2343-7224; Beyer, Ross/0000-0003-4503-3335;
Wray, James/0000-0001-5559-2179; Martinez-Alonso,
Sara/0000-0001-5185-8670; Thomson, Bradley/0000-0001-8635-8932
FU NASA/JPL
FX We thank everyone who has made HiRISE possible, including those at NASA,
JPL, Lockheed-Martin, BATC and subcontractors, and the University of
Arizona. A.S.M. especially thanks Larry Soderblom (USGS) and the late
Gene Shoemaker for providing examples of doing what's best for the
science community. For constructive reviews we thank E. Hauber, J.
Johnson, L. Soderblom, and an undisclosed reviewer. This work was
supported by the NASA/JPL MRO project.
NR 192
TC 64
Z9 64
U1 3
U2 19
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
EI 1090-2643
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 205
IS 1
SI SI
BP 2
EP 37
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2009.04.023
PG 36
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 547CA
UT WOS:000273861800002
ER
PT J
AU Grant, JA
Wilson, SA
Dobrea, EN
Fergason, RL
Griffes, JL
Moore, JM
Howard, AD
AF Grant, John A.
Wilson, Sharon A.
Dobrea, Eldar Noe
Fergason, Robin L.
Griffes, Jennifer L.
Moore, Jeffery M.
Howard, Alan D.
TI HiRISE views enigmatic deposits in the Sirenum Fossae region of Mars
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mars; Geological processes
ID THERMAL EMISSION SPECTROMETER; SURFACE GROUND ICE; VOLCANOS; BASIN
AB HiRISE images together with other recent orbital data from Mars define new characteristics of enigmatic Hesperian-aged deposits in Sirenum Fossae that are mostly 100-200 m thick, drape kilometers of relief, and often display generally low relief surfaces. New characteristics of the deposits, previously mapped as the "Electris deposits," include local detection of meter-scale beds that show truncating relationships, a generally light-toned nature, and a variably blocky, weakly indurated appearance. Boulders shed by erosion of the deposits are readily broken down and contribute little to talus. Thermal inertia values for the deposits are similar to 200 J m(-2) K-1 s(-1/2) and they may incorporate hydrated minerals derived from weathering of basalt. The deposits do not contain anomalous amounts of water or water ice. Deflation may dominate degradation of the deposits over time and points to an inventory of fine-grained sediment. Together with constraints imposed by the regional setting on formation processes, these newly resolved characteristics are most consistent with an eolian origin as a loess-like deposit comprised of redistributed and somewhat altered volcanic ash. Constituent sediments may be derived from airfall ash deposits in the Tharsis region. An origin directly related to airfall ash or similar volcanic materials is less probable and emplacement by alluvial/fluvial, impact, lacustrine, or relict polar processes is even less likely. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Grant, John A.; Wilson, Sharon A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Dobrea, Eldar Noe] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Fergason, Robin L.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Griffes, Jennifer L.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Moore, Jeffery M.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Howard, Alan D.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
RP Grant, JA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM grantj@si.edu; purdys@si.edu; eldar@caltech.edu; rfergason@usgs.gov;
griffes@gps.caltech.edu; jeff.moore@nasa.gov; ah6p@virginia.edu
OI Howard, Alan/0000-0002-5423-1600
FU NASA
FX We thank the people at the University of Arizona, Ball Aerospace, the
jet Propulsion Laboratory, and Lockheed Martin that built and operate
the HiRISE camera and the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Spacecraft.
Reviews by Kevin Williams, Ken Herkenhoff, and an anonymous reviewer
improved the manuscript. This work was supported by NASA.
NR 50
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
EI 1090-2643
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 205
IS 1
SI SI
BP 53
EP 63
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2009.04.009
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 547CA
UT WOS:000273861800004
ER
PT J
AU Weitz, CM
Milliken, RE
Grant, JA
McEwen, AS
Williams, RME
Bishop, JL
Thomson, BJ
AF Weitz, C. M.
Milliken, R. E.
Grant, J. A.
McEwen, A. S.
Williams, R. M. E.
Bishop, J. L.
Thomson, B. J.
TI Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter observations of light-toned layered deposits
and associated fluvial landforms on the plateaus adjacent to Valles
Marineris
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mars; Mars, surface; Mineralogy
ID ART. NO. 5111; CHANNELS; ORIGIN; STRATIGRAPHY; EVOLUTION; VOLCANISM;
NETWORKS; HISTORY
AB We have used data from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter to study 30-80 m thick light-toned layered deposits on the plateaus adjacent to Valles Marineris at five locations: (1) South Of Ius Chasma, (2) South of western Melas Chasma, (3) south of western Candor Chasma, (4) west of Juventae Chasma and (5), west of Ganges Chasma. The beds within these deposits have unique variations in brightness, color, Mineralogy, and erosional properties that are not typically observed in light-toned layered deposits within Valles Marineris or many other equatorial areas on Mars. Reflectance spectra indicate these deposits contain opaline silica and Fe-sulfates, consistent with low-temperature, acidic aqueous alteration of basaltic materials. We have found valley or channel systems associated with the layered deposits at all five locations, and the volcanic plains adjacent to Juventae, Ius, and Ganges exhibit inverted channels composed of light-toned beds. Valleys, channels, and light-toned layering along the walls of Juventae and Melas Chasmata are most likely coeval to the aqueous activity that affected the adjacent plateaus and indicate some hydrological activity occurred after formation of the chasmata. Although the source of water and sediment remains uncertain, the strong correlation between fluvial landforms and light-toned layered deposits argues for Sustained precipitation, surface runoff, and fluvial deposition occurring during the Hesperian on the plateaus adjacent to Valles Marineris and along portions of chasmata walls. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Weitz, C. M.; Williams, R. M. E.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Milliken, R. E.; Thomson, B. J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Grant, J. A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[McEwen, A. S.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Bishop, J. L.] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
RP Weitz, CM (reprint author), Planetary Sci Inst, 1700 E Ft Lowell,Suite 106, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM weitz@psi.edu
OI Thomson, Bradley/0000-0001-8635-8932
NR 79
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 0
U2 5
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
EI 1090-2643
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 205
IS 1
SI SI
BP 73
EP 102
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2009.04.017
PG 30
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 547CA
UT WOS:000273861800006
ER
PT J
AU Bridges, NT
Banks, ME
Beyer, RA
Chuang, FC
Dobrea, EZN
Herkenhoff, KE
Keszthelyi, LP
Fishbaugh, KE
McEwen, AS
Michaels, TI
Thomson, BJ
Wray, JJ
AF Bridges, N. T.
Banks, M. E.
Beyer, R. A.
Chuang, F. C.
Dobrea, E. Z. Noe
Herkenhoff, K. E.
Keszthelyi, L. P.
Fishbaugh, K. E.
McEwen, A. S.
Michaels, T. I.
Thomson, B. J.
Wray, J. J.
TI Aeolian bedforms, yardangs, and indurated surfaces in the Tharsis Montes
as seen by the HiRISE Camera: Evidence for dust aggregates
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mars; Mars, Surface
ID MARS GLOBAL SURVEYOR; THERMAL EMISSION SPECTROMETER; X-RAY SPECTROMETER;
CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENTS; PARTICULATE MATERIALS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION;
PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; PARTICLE-SIZE; WIND STREAKS; SLOPE WINDS
AB HiRISE images of Mars with ground sampling down to 25 cm/pixel show that the dust-rich mantle covering the surfaces of the Tharsis Montes is organized into ridges whose form and distribution are consistent with formation by aeolian saltation. Other dusty areas near the volcanoes and elsewhere on the planet exhibit a similar morphology. The material composing these "reticulate" bedforms is constrained by their remote sensing properties and the threshold curve combined with the saltation/suspension boundary, both of which vary as a function of elevation (atmospheric pressure), particle size, and particle composition. Considering all of these factors, dust aggregates are the most likely material composing these bedforms. We propose that airfall dust on and near the volcanoes aggregates in situ over time, maybe due to electrostatic charging followed by cementation by salts. The aggregates eventually reach a particle size at which saltation is possible. Aggregates on the flanks are transported downslope by katabatic winds and form linear and "accordion" morphologies. Materials within the calderas and other depressions remain trapped and are subjected to multidirectional winds, forming an interlinked "honey-comb" texture. In many places on and near the volcanoes, light-toned, low thermal inertia yardangs and indurated surfaces are present. These may represent "duststone" formed when aggregates reach a particle size below the threshold Curve, Such that they become stabilized and Subsequently undergo cementation. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bridges, N. T.; Dobrea, E. Z. Noe] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Banks, M. E.; McEwen, A. S.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Beyer, R. A.] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
[Chuang, F. C.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Herkenhoff, K. E.; Keszthelyi, L. P.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Fishbaugh, K. E.] Smithsonian Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Michaels, T. I.] SW Res Inst, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
[Thomson, B. J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Wray, J. J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Bridges, NT (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, MS 183-501,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM nathan.bridges@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Wray, James/B-8457-2008; Bridges, Nathan/D-6341-2016;
OI Wray, James/0000-0001-5559-2179; Thomson, Bradley/0000-0001-8635-8932;
Beyer, Ross/0000-0003-4503-3335
FU MRO Participating Scientist Program
FX This research was supported by a grant from the MRO Participating
Scientist Program. Emily Gorbaty, an intern from Stanford University,
measured the dimensions of many reticulate ridges and made Fig. 3.
Discussions with S. Karunatillake improved our understanding of GRS
measurements of the Tharsis region. The comments of two anonymous
reviewers are gratefully acknowledged. The research described in this
paper was carried out at the jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration.
NR 59
TC 28
Z9 29
U1 2
U2 9
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 205
IS 1
SI SI
BP 165
EP 182
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2009.05.017
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 547CA
UT WOS:000273861800011
ER
PT J
AU Zimbelman, JR
Griffin, LJ
AF Zimbelman, James R.
Griffin, Lora J.
TI HiRISE images of yardangs and sinuous ridges in the lower member of the
Medusae Fossae Formation, Mars
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Geological processes; Mars, surface; Earth
ID ORBITER LASER ALTIMETER; GLOBAL SURVEYOR; LANDSCAPE EVOLUTION; HISTORY;
RELIEF; REGION; CAMERA; ICE; TOPOGRAPHY; INVERSION
AB HiRISE images of the lower member of the Medusae Fossae Formation (MFF) were used to identify characteristics of two specific landforms that are well expressed in this particular geologic unit; Yardangs and sinuous ridges. Yardangs are wind-eroded ridges that are usually confined to and environments where the bedrock materials can be easily eroded by windblown sand. Yardangs are common in the lower member of MFF, where many individual yardangs show evidence of a caprock unit overlying a more friable unit, most consistent with an ignimbrite origin for these MFF deposits. Heights of the yardangs in the lower member materials are generally less than a few tens of meters, in contrast to yardangs in the thicker middle member MFF materials to the east of the study area. The yardangs may form in materials comprised of discrete depositional units, and there is good evidence that at least a dozen such depositional events contributed to the emplacement of the lower member of MFF. The lower member yardang heights indicate aeolian erosion has removed at least 19,000 km(3) of lower member MFF materials. Sinuous ridges are elongate, positive-relief landforms that have been attributed to a variety of possible fluvial flow processes on Mars. Sinuous ridges are very common within exposures of the lower member of MFF. Multiple ridge types are present, but all forms seen at HiRISE scale are most consistent with some form of aqueous channel flow rather than other possible origins. The results from this initial examination of HiRISE images indicate the potential utility of comparing yardangs and sinuous ridges in the lower member to other members of MFF, although it remains to be determined if sinuous ridges are abundant in the younger MFF members. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Zimbelman, James R.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Griffin, Lora J.] Univ Nevada, Dept Geosci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
RP Zimbelman, JR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Natl Air & Space Museum, MRC 315, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM zimbelmanj@si.edu; lora.griffin@unlv.edu
FU NASA [NNX07AP42G]
FX The comments of two anonymous reviewers were very helpful in improving
an early version of this manuscript. This work was supported in part by
NASA Planetary Geology and Geophysics program Grant NNX07AP42G to
J.R.Z., and the Planetary Geology and Geophysics Undergraduate Research
Program of NASA for L.J.G. to spend the summer of 2008 working at NASM.
NR 88
TC 29
Z9 31
U1 2
U2 12
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
EI 1090-2643
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 205
IS 1
SI SI
BP 198
EP 210
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2009.04.003
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 547CA
UT WOS:000273861800013
ER
PT B
AU Smith, MJ
Blundell, R
AF Smith, Michael J.
Blundell, Raymond
GP ASME
TI A CRYOGENIC STABILIZATION SCHEME FOR RADIO ASTRONOMY APPLICATIONS
SO IMECE 2009: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION, VOL 9, PTS A-C
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition
CY NOV 13-19, 2009
CL Lake Buena Vista, FL
SP ASME
AB We report on a scheme to stabilize short term cryogenic temperature variations in equipment used for high frequency radio telescope receivers. A 45.9 cm(3) copper helium pot is affixed to a Sumitomo/Daikin 308, GM/JT cold head. 5.7 x10(3) cm(3) of helium gas is introduced at the end of the cooling cycle and condensation until zero kPaa is reached. Short term temperature stabilization is achieved through the specific heat of the liquefied helium diminishing thermal deviations up to 46%.
C1 [Smith, Michael J.; Blundell, Raymond] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Smith, MJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4382-6
PY 2010
BP 549
EP 552
PG 4
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BPX03
UT WOS:000280196300064
ER
PT B
AU Miller, JL
Ward, RB
Sienkiewicz, F
Antonucci, P
AF Miller, Jaimie L.
Ward, R. Bruce
Sienkiewicz, Frank
Antonucci, Paul
BE Carrasquero, JV
Fonseca, D
Malpica, F
Oropeza, A
Welsch, F
TI ITEAMS: an Out-Of-School Time Program to Promote Gain in Fundamental
Science Content and Enhance Interest in STEM Careers for Middle School
Students
SO IMSCI 10: 4TH INTERNATIONAL MULTI-CONFERENCE ON SOCIETY, CYBERNETICS AND
INFORMATICS, VOL II (POST-CONFERENCE EDITION)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Multi-Conference on Society, Cybernetics and
Informatics
CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP Int Inst Informat & Syst
C1 [Miller, Jaimie L.; Ward, R. Bruce; Sienkiewicz, Frank; Antonucci, Paul] Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Miller, JL (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT INST INFORMATICS & SYSTEMICS
PI ORLANDO
PA 14269 LORD BARCLAY DR, ORLANDO, FL 32837 USA
BN 978-1-936338-12-2
PY 2010
BP 259
EP 264
PG 6
WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Theory & Methods;
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BG7IJ
UT WOS:000391343600052
ER
PT J
AU Dellape, PM
Henry, TJ
AF Dellape, Pablo M.
Henry, Thomas J.
TI Acrolophyses, a new seed bug genus and two new species (Hemiptera:
Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae: Myodochini) from forest-canopy fogging in
Ecuador and Peru
SO INSECT SYSTEMATICS & EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE New myodochines; Acrolophyses arboricolous; Acrolophyses hadros; new
species
ID LYGAEOIDEA
AB The new myodochine (Rhyparochromidae) genus Acrolophyses is described to accommodate the two new species A. arboricolous from Ecuador and Peru, designated as the type species, and A. hadros from Ecuador. The new species are diagnosed and described, and adult photographs, scanning electron photomicrographs of selected structures and illustrations of male genitalia are provided to aid in identification. The relationship of Acrolophyes with the genera Distingphyses and Pephysena is discussed.
C1 [Dellape, Pablo M.] Univ Nacl La Plata, Div Entomol, Fac Ciencias Nat & Museo, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
[Henry, Thomas J.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC USA.
RP Dellape, PM (reprint author), Univ Nacl La Plata, Div Entomol, Fac Ciencias Nat & Museo, Paseo Bosque S-N, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
EM pdellape@fcnym.unlp.edu.ar
OI Dellape, Pablo M./0000-0002-6914-1026
FU CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas,
Argentina)
FX We thank Terry L. Erwin (Department of Entomology, National Museum of
Natural History (USNM), Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, US) for
the specimens collected during his fogging studies in Ecuador and Peru,
and Scott D. Whittaker (Smithsonian Institution SEM Laboratory,
Washington, DC, USA) for coating specimens and general SEM support. We
also thank Michael G. Pogue (Systematic Entomology Laboratory (SEL),
ARS, USDA, do National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA),
Steven W. Lingafelter (SEL) and Merrill H. Sweet (Emeritus Professor,
Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, USA) for kindly reviewing
the manuscript. The senior author gives thanks to CONICET (Consejo
Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, Argentina) for
providing a three-month research grant to visit the USNM.
NR 11
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
PI LEIDEN
PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS
SN 1399-560X
EI 1876-312X
J9 INSECT SYST EVOL
JI Insect Syst. Evol.
PY 2010
VL 41
IS 1
BP 75
EP 89
DI 10.1163/187631210X487002
PG 15
WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology
SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology
GA 609WI
UT WOS:000278688300006
ER
PT J
AU Rozkosny, R
Woodley, NE
AF Rozkosny, Rudolf
Woodley, Norman E.
TI A new genus and three new species of Oriental Oxycerini (Diptera:
Stratiomyidae: Stratiomyinae) with notes on new generic synonyms in two
other stratiomyine genera
SO INSECT SYSTEMATICS & EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Oxycerina gen.n.; O. hauseri sp.n.; O. merzi sp.n.; O. sabaha sp.n.; new
synonyms; Thailand; Malaysia
ID INSECTA
AB Oxycerina gen.n. (Stratiomyidae: Stratiomyinae), including three new species, O. hauseri sp.n., O. merzi sp.n. and O. sabaha sp.n., is described from the Oriental Region and compared with related genera of Stratiomyinae and Raphiocerinae. The monotypic genus Scapanocnema Enderlein, 1914 is considered to be a synonym of Odontomyia Meigen, 1803; S. spathulipes Enderlein, 1914 and O. latitibia Rozkosny & Kovac, 1994 are considered to be new synonyms of O. luteiceps de Meijere, 1911. Cyrtopus Bigot, 1883, is also proposed as a synonym of Odontomyia, resulting in new or resurrected combinations for the species O. fastuosa (Bigot, 1883), O. magnifica Lachaise & Lindner, 1973, and O. smaragdifira (Lindner, 1938). Timorimyia Frey, 1934 is proposed as a new synonym of Acanthasargus White, 1914, resulting in A. bidentatus (Frey, 1934), comb.n. A key to the genera of the Oriental Stratiomyinae and Raphiocerinae is presented.
C1 [Rozkosny, Rudolf] Masaryk Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Bot & Zool, CS-61137 Brno, Czech Republic.
[Woodley, Norman E.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Smithsonian Inst,NHB 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Rozkosny, R (reprint author), Masaryk Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Bot & Zool, Kotlarksa 2, CS-61137 Brno, Czech Republic.
EM rozk@sci.muni.cz
RI Woodley, Norman/M-6160-2014
FU Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic, Prague; Masaryk University,
Brno [MSM 0021622416]
FX Our thanks are due to the colleagues who provided material for our
study: F. Ciampor and J. Kodada (via M. Kozanek, Bratislava), M. Hauser
(Sacramento, CA), who mediated valuable material from the National
Museum of Natural History in Leiden, H. de Jong and B. Brugge
(Amsterdam), B. Merz (Geneva), Eva Sprecher (Basel) and M. Wolsan
(Warsaw). F. Gregor (Brno) kindly made original colour illustrations and
V. Prochazkova (Brno) final pen drawings of the new species. We are
grateful to Martin Hauser (Department of Food and Agriculture, Plant
Pest Diagnostics Branch, Sacramento, CA), Jens Prena and Allen Norrbom
(both of the Systematic Entomology Lab) and Wayne Mathis (Smithsonian
Institution, Washington, DC) for reviewing the manuscript. Our study was
supported by the Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic, Prague,
and the Masaryk University, Brno (Programme MSM 0021622416).
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU APOLLO BOOKS
PI STENSTRUP
PA KIRKEBY SAND, 19, DK-5771 STENSTRUP, DENMARK
SN 1399-560X
J9 INSECT SYST EVOL
JI Insect Syst. Evol.
PY 2010
VL 41
IS 3
BP 275
EP 294
DI 10.1163/187631210X502833
PG 20
WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology
SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology
GA 644ZA
UT WOS:000281419500003
ER
PT S
AU Di Stefano, R
AF Di Stefano, Rosanne
BE Kalogera, V
VanderSluys, M
TI Kepler as a Binary Star Mission
SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BINARIES: IN CELEBRATION OF RON WEBBINK'S
65TH BIRTHDAY
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Binaries: In Celebration of Ron Webbink's
65th Birthday
CY JUN 22-25, 2010
CL Mykonos, GREECE
SP Ctr Interdisciplinary Explorat & Res Astrophys, Nw Univ, EO Haven Professorship Fund
DE binaries; blue stragglers; white dwarfs
AB The Kepler observatory was designed to discover transits by Earth-like planets orbiting Sun-like stars. Its first major discoveries, however, are hot objects in close orbits around main-sequence stars. These are likely to be white-dwarf remnants of stars that have transferred mass to the present-day main sequence stars. These particular main-sequence stars are among the Kepler targets because they are bright. The question is: how many of the other Kepler target stars are also orbited by white dwarfs? We have shown that several hundred white dwarfs are likely to transit the Kepler target stars during the mission. In some cases, the signature will be dominated by gravitational lensing, producing distinctive "antitransits".(1) Neutron stars and black holes may also be discovered this way. The lensing signature provides a measurement of the gravitational mass of the compact object. Through the discovery of both transits and antitransits caused by white dwarfs, Kepler will discover and study binaries that have already experienced a phase of mass transfer or a common envelope phase. Thus, Kepler will become a premier tool for the study of interacting binaries. During the next phase of interaction, some of the Kepler binaries may become nuclear-burning white dwarfs, and may be candidates for Type Ia supernovae or accretion-induced collapse.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Di Stefano, R (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0869-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1314
BP 196
EP 203
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTK72
UT WOS:000287171500038
ER
PT S
AU Valsecchi, F
Glebbeek, E
Farr, WM
Fragos, T
Willems, B
Orosz, JA
Liu, JF
Kalogera, V
AF Valsecchi, Francesca
Glebbeek, Evert
Farr, Will M.
Fragos, Tassos
Willems, Bart
Orosz, Jerome A.
Liu, Jifeng
Kalogera, Vassiliki
BE Kalogera, V
VanderSluys, M
TI The Intriguing Evolutionary History of the Massive Black Hole X-ray
Binary M33 X-7
SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BINARIES: IN CELEBRATION OF RON WEBBINK'S
65TH BIRTHDAY
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Binaries: In Celebration of Ron Webbink's
65th Birthday
CY JUN 22-25, 2010
CL Mykonos, GREECE
SP Ctr Interdisciplinary Explorat & Res Astrophys, Nw Univ, EO Haven Professorship Fund
DE Black Hole X-Ray Binaries; Massive Stars
ID RED GIANT BRANCH; STELLAR POPULATIONS; ECLIPSING BINARY; SYNTHESIS CODE;
DISTANCE; M-33; STARS; METALLICITY; VARIABLES; TIP
AB Black hole (BH) X-ray binaries (XRBs) are X-ray luminous binary systems comprising a BH accreting matter from a companion star. Understanding their origins sheds light on the still not well understood physics of BH formation. M33 X-7 hosts one of the most massive stellar-mass BH among all XRBs known to date, a 15.65M(circle dot) BH orbiting a 70M(circle dot) companion star in a 3.45 day orbit. The high masses of the two components and the tight orbit relative to the large H-rich stellar component challenge our understanding of the typically invoked BH-XRBs formation channels. The measured underluminosity of the optical component further complicates the picture. A solution to the evolutionary history of this system that can account for all its observed properties has yet to be presented, and here we propose the first scenario that is consistent with the complete set of current observational constraints. In our model, M33 X-7 started its life hosting a 85-99M9(circle dot) primary and a 28-32M(circle dot) companion in a Keplerian orbit of 2.8-3.1 days. In order to form a BH of 15.65M(circle dot), the initially most massive component transferred part of its envelope to the companion star and lost the rest in a strong stellar wind. During this dynamically stable mass transfer phase the companion accreted matter, to become the presently underluminous 70M(circle dot) star.
C1 [Valsecchi, Francesca; Farr, Will M.; Fragos, Tassos; Willems, Bart; Kalogera, Vassiliki] Northwestern Univ, CIERA, Dept Phys & Astron, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Glebbeek, Evert] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
[Fragos, Tassos; Liu, Jifeng] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Orosz, Jerome A.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Astron, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Liu, Jifeng] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China.
RP Valsecchi, F (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, CIERA, Dept Phys & Astron, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
FU NSF [AST-0908930, PHY-0619274]; CAREER [AST0449558]; Northwestern
University Presidential Fellowship
FX This work was partially supported by NSF grants AST0908930 and CAREER
AST0449558 to VK. TF is supported by a Northwestern University
Presidential Fellowship. Simulations were performed on the computing
cluster Fugu available to the Theoretical Astrophysics group at
Northwestern and partially funded by NSF grant PHY0619274 to VK
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0869-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1314
BP 285
EP +
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTK72
UT WOS:000287171500056
ER
PT S
AU Fabbiano, G
AF Fabbiano, G.
BE Kalogera, V
VanderSluys, M
TI Low-Mass X-ray Binary Populations
SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BINARIES: IN CELEBRATION OF RON WEBBINK'S
65TH BIRTHDAY
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Binaries: In Celebration of Ron Webbink's
65th Birthday
CY JUN 22-25, 2010
CL Mykonos, GREECE
SP Ctr Interdisciplinary Explorat & Res Astrophys, Nw Univ, EO Haven Professorship Fund
DE X-ray binary stars
ID GLOBULAR-CLUSTER CONNECTION; EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; CHANDRA MONITORING
OBSERVATIONS; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; DEEP CHANDRA;
STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; SPECTRAL PROPERTIES; MILKY-WAY; NGC-4697
AB Low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) have been studied in the Galaxy since the beginning of X-ray astronomy. A lot has been learned about these bright X-ray sources, but significant questions are still open. These questions are related to the origin and evolution of LMXBs - dynamical evolution in globular clusters (GC) or evolution of native field binaries -, and on how their properties may be related to their evolution. The discovery of several LMXB populations in elliptical galaxies with the Chandra X-ray Observatory provides new new tools for studying these sources.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Fabbiano, G (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 46
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0869-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1314
BP 318
EP 325
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTK72
UT WOS:000287171500062
ER
PT S
AU Fragos, T
Kalogera, V
AF Fragos, T.
Kalogera, V.
BE Kalogera, V
VanderSluys, M
TI Modeling X-ray Binary Populations in Elliptical Galaxies
SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BINARIES: IN CELEBRATION OF RON WEBBINK'S
65TH BIRTHDAY
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Binaries: In Celebration of Ron Webbink's
65th Birthday
CY JUN 22-25, 2010
CL Mykonos, GREECE
SP Ctr Interdisciplinary Explorat & Res Astrophys, Nw Univ, EO Haven Professorship Fund
DE X-ray binaries; Elliptical galaxies
ID CHANDRA MONITORING OBSERVATIONS; NGC 3379; EVOLUTION; CATALOG
AB We present theoretical models for populations of low-mass X-ray binaries in two elliptical galaxies NGC3379 and NGC4278. The models are calculated with the recently updated StarTrack code [1], and are targeted to modeling and understanding the origin of the X-ray luminosity functions (XLF) in these galaxies. For the first time we explore the population XLF down to luminosities of 3 x 10(36) erg s(-1), as probed by the most recent observational results [2]. We consider models for the formation and evolution of low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXB) in galactic fields with different common envelope efficiencies, stellar wind prescriptions and initial mass functions. We identify models that produce an XLF in excellent agreement with the observations both in shape and number of systems at a specific luminosity. We also find that the treatment of the outburst luminosity of transient systems remains a crucial parameter for the determination of the XLF as the modeled populations are dominated by transient X-ray systems. Finally, we propose a physically motivated and self-consistent prescription for the modeling of transient neutron star (NS) LMXB properties, such as duty cycle (DC), outburst duration and recurrence time. We compare the transient LMXB population to the Chandra X-ray survey of the two elliptical galaxies NGC 3379 and NGC 4278, which revealed several transient sources [3, 4]. Our comparison suggests that transient LMXBs are very rare in globular clusters (GC), and thus the number of identified transient LMXBs may be used as a tracer of the relative contribution of field and GC LMXB populations.
C1 [Fragos, T.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Kalogera, V.] Northwestern Univ, CIERA, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Fragos, T (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0869-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1314
BP 326
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTK72
UT WOS:000287171500063
ER
PT J
AU Sorensen, SS
Sisson, VB
Harlow, GE
Lallemantd, HGA
AF Sorensen, Sorena S.
Sisson, Virginia B.
Harlow, George E.
Lallemantd, Hans G. Ave
TI Element residence and transport during subduction-zone metasomatism:
evidence from a jadeitite-serpentinite contact, Guatemala
SO INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGY REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE jadeitite; serpentinite; metasomatism; trace elements; subduction zone
metamorphism
ID MOTAGUA FAULT ZONE; FLUID-FLOW; CATALINA SCHIST; REGIONAL METAMORPHISM;
SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; MASS-TRANSFER; HIGH-PRESSURE; GARNET AMPHIBOLITES;
MYANMAR JADEITITE; TRACE-ELEMENTS
AB Jadeitite is a rare constituent of serpentinite-matrix melange bodies from certain subduction complexes. Most jadeitite crystallizes from Na-, Al-, and Si-bearing fluids that are apparently derived from multiple subduction-zone sources. Even though jadeitite is near-end-member NaAlSi2O6 in major element composition and is volumetrically minor in subduction complexes, its trace elements and stable isotopes appear to record fluid compositions not directly seen in other subduction zone metasomatic systems. Prior to our work, how jadeitite-forming fluids interact with serpentinite host rocks and serpentinizing fluids were largely unknown, because serpentinite-to-jadeitite contacts are generally not exposed. In the Sierra de las Minas, Guatemala, we have studied a 3 m-wide pit transecting the contact between a mined-out jadeitite body and its host serpentinite. An apparent transition zone between the former jadeitite and nearby serpentinite exposed in the mine pit contains four texturally distinct rock types of differing outcrop colours, composed of albitites and meta-ultramafic rocks. (The jadeitite body is now represented only by a large spoil pile.) Seven samples from the contact zone, jadeitite from the spoil pile, a serpentinite outcrop approximately 1 m outside the pit, and a jadeitite nodule within the contact zone albitite were analysed for major, minor, and trace elements. Abundances of Al2O3, Na2O, MgO, FeO, Cr, Ni, and Sc track the contact between sheared albitite and foliated meta-ultramafic rocks. These elements change from values typical of Guatemalan jadeitites in the jadeitite block and albitites in the contact zone to values for Guatemalan meta-ultramafic rocks and serpentinites across the contact zone. In addition, the abundances of SiO2, CaO, Fe2O3, K2O, Rb, Cs, and Y show important features. Of greatest interest, perhaps, approximately 15 cm from the contact with meta-ultramafic rock, Zr, U, Hf, Pb, Ba, Sr, Y, and Cs in albitite are greatly enriched compared to elsewhere in the contact zone. Element enrichments spatially coincide with the appearance, increase in modal abundance, and/or increase in grain sizes of zircon, rare earth element (REE) rich epidote, titantite, and celsian within albitite. All of these 'trace-element-rich' accessory minerals show poikiloblastic inclusions of albite, which suggests that they grew concomitantly in the metasomatic zone. Graphical and computational methods of evaluating mass changes of metasomatites relative to likely protoliths show that, near the contact, fewer minor and trace elements in albitite show 1:1 coordination with presumed protoliths. Most metasomatitites are enriched in large-ion lithophile elements (LILE) and heat-producing elements (HPE) relative to likely protoliths. Albitite near the contact with meta-ultramafic rocks also shows ultramafic components. Except for a Ca-rich actinolite schist zone, the meta-ultramafic rocks are depleted in LILE and HPE relative to serpentinite; host serpentinite is itself under-abundant in these elements relative to average upper mantle or chondrite. In summary, the metasomatic zone shows more evidence for the introduction of components to albitite and actinolitic meta-ultramafic rock than it does for exchange of protolith components between jadeitite and serpentinite.
The fluid that presumably formed the metasomatites was sufficiently rich in LILE and high-field-strength elements (HFSE) to both saturate and grow minerals in which Zr, Ba, and Ti are essential structural constituents and/or HFSE, LILE, and HPE minor to moderate substitunts. These geochemically diverse element groups were fixed in albitite via the crystallization and growth of new accessory minerals within these rocks during albititization. The amount of LILE and HPE-depleted meta-ultramafic rock appears to be too small to call upon a local source for the LILE and HPE-enrichment seen in albitites. Therefore, LILE and HPE must be of exotic origin, carried and deposited by fluids within the albitites at the jadeitite-serpentinite contact. This contact clearly testifies to an alteration style that involved crystallization of 'trace-element'-rich minerals during fluid flow; this process appears to be essential to mass transfer within subduction zones.
C1 [Sorensen, Sorena S.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Sisson, Virginia B.] Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX USA.
[Harlow, George E.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, New York, NY 10024 USA.
[Lallemantd, Hans G. Ave] Rice Univ, Dept Earth Sci MS 126, Houston, TX USA.
RP Sorensen, SS (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM sorensens@.si.edu
FU Smithsonian Institution [EAR0309320]
FX Louie's early career as a brilliant laboratory scientist who could grow
epidote has been followed by a large and amazingly diverse oeuvre of
distinguished contributions to the petrology of subduction zones. As far
as we can tell, he just keeps getting smarter! This research was funded
by the Sprague and Becker Endowments of the Smithsonian Institution and
EAR0309320. Marc Lipella, Liz Costello, and Dusty Aiker performed many
of the analyses reported here and assisted in other aspects of the work.
Dr Amelia Logan and Tim Rose were invaluable in the microprobe, CL and
XRF laboratories.
NR 93
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 16
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0020-6814
J9 INT GEOL REV
JI Int. Geol. Rev.
PY 2010
VL 52
IS 9
BP 899
EP 940
AR PII 921716618
DI 10.1080/00206810903211963
PG 42
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 611XA
UT WOS:000278857000001
ER
PT J
AU Papandrea, E
Arnone, E
Brizzi, G
Carlotti, M
Castelli, E
Dinelli, BM
Ridolfi, M
AF Papandrea, E.
Arnone, E.
Brizzi, G.
Carlotti, M.
Castelli, E.
Dinelli, B. M.
Ridolfi, M.
TI Two-dimensional tomographic retrieval of MIPAS/ENVISAT measurements of
ozone and related species
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID SCANNING ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENTS; FIT APPROACH; MIPAS; MODEL
AB Observations from the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) were analysed with the two-dimensional GMTR retrieval system in order to obtain fields of ozone and several molecular species related to ozone chemistry: HNO(3), N(2)O, NO(2), N(2)O(5), ClONO(2), COF(2), CFC-11 and CFC-12. MIPAS measures mid-infrared emission of the atmosphere both during the day and at night time with global coverage. Observing the atmosphere with limb viewing geometries, the instrument is able to resolve finer vertical structures than with nadir instruments, thus enabling the investigation of ozone height-dependent processes. With the currently planned mission extended up to 2014, MIPAS can provide both short-term resolution and long-term trends needed for studying ozone. The adopted GMTR algorithm permits us to resolve the horizontal inhomogeneities of the atmosphere that are modelled using a two-dimensional discretization of the atmosphere. It is therefore especially suitable for analysing portions of the atmosphere where strong gradients such as at the ozone hole may be poorly reproduced by common horizontal homogeneous one-dimensional retrievals. The adopted strategy is well suited for a refined analysis and a correct monitoring of the ozone recovery, as required by the Montreal Protocol and successive amendments.
C1 [Papandrea, E.; Arnone, E.; Carlotti, M.; Ridolfi, M.] Dipartimento Chim Fis & Inorgan, I-40136 Bologna, Italy.
[Brizzi, G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Castelli, E.; Dinelli, B. M.] ISAC CNR, Bologna, Italy.
RP Papandrea, E (reprint author), Dipartimento Chim Fis & Inorgan, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy.
EM enzo.papandrea@unibo.it
RI Dinelli, Bianca Maria/C-1212-2015;
OI Papandrea, Enzo/0000-0001-6698-0011; Castelli,
Elisa/0000-0003-2218-5790; Dinelli, Bianca Maria/0000-0002-1218-0008
FU European Community [MERG-CT-2007-209157]
FX E. Arnone acknowledges funding through the European Community's Human
Potential Programme Marie Curie under contract MERG-CT-2007-209157.
NR 14
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 2
BP 477
EP 483
DI 10.1080/01431160902893501
PG 7
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 544HT
UT WOS:000273646000015
ER
PT J
AU Collin, R
Mobley, AS
Lopez, LB
Leys, SP
Diaz, MC
Thacker, RW
AF Collin, Rachel
Mobley, Andrew S.
Busutil Lopez, Linnet
Leys, Sally P.
Cristina Diaz, Maria
Thacker, Robert W.
TI Phototactic responses of larvae from the marine sponges Neopetrosia
proxima and Xestospongia bocatorensis (Haplosclerida: Petrosiidae)
SO INVERTEBRATE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Porifera; parenchymella larvae; larval ecology
ID CORAL-REEF SPONGE; INTERTIDAL SPONGE; DEMOSPONGES; SETTLEMENT; BEHAVIOR;
PORIFERA; RELEASE; ASSEMBLAGES; LIGHT
AB Previous studies suggest that phototaxis in sponge larvae is generated by the bending of a tuft of long posterior cilia (LPC). The photoresponsiveness of these cilia is often assayed by examining their reaction to sudden changes in light intensity. Here, we document and describe the larvae of the tropical marine sponges Neopetrosia proxima and Xestospongia bocatorensis and examine the phototactic behavior of their larvae. Both species brood ovoid, tufted parenchymella larvae, clearly countering an earlier hypothesis that all petrosid sponges are oviparous. Larvae of N. proxima were positively phototactic and settled after 2 d, while larvae of X. bocatorensis were negatively phototactic and settled in as little as 4 h. In both species, LPC quickly responded to changes in the light intensity. When the light intensity is reduced, the larvae of N. proxima fold the cilia inwards immediately without beating, then flare them outwards, beating for a few seconds, and then gradually return to the neutral position while continuing to beat. In contrast, the larvae of X. bocatorensis flare the cilia outwards when the light intensity is reduced and fold them inwards when the light intensity is increased. Comparisons with reported ciliary responses to light for other species demonstrate that these responses do not show the hypothesized one-to-one correspondence with phototactic behaviors and are, therefore, of limited use in explaining the mechanisms that coordinate larval swimming.
C1 [Mobley, Andrew S.; Thacker, Robert W.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
[Collin, Rachel] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Bocas Toro Res Stn, Balboa, Panama.
[Busutil Lopez, Linnet] Inst Oceanog, Havana 11600, Cuba.
[Leys, Sally P.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
[Cristina Diaz, Maria] Marine Museum Margarita, Boca Del Rio, Margarita, Venezuela.
RP Thacker, RW (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
EM thacker@uab.edu
RI Collin, Rachel/G-2001-2010; Leys, Sally/A-2660-2014
FU US National Science Foundation [0209329, 0829986]; Smithsonian
Institution's Women's Committee
FX We thank the staff of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute's
Bocas del Toro Research Station and participants in the 2007 STRI
Training in Tropical Taxonomy course Taxonomy and Ecology of Caribbean
Sponges for their hard work and enthusiasm. Katie MacDonald, Richard
Helling, and two anonymous reviewers provided constructive comments that
improved the manuscript. Financial support for this course was provided
by the Smithsonian Institution's Women's Committee. Additional support
was provided by the US National Science Foundation under Grant Nos.
0209329 and 0829986 to R.W.T.
NR 23
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1077-8306
J9 INVERTEBR BIOL
JI Invertebr. Biol.
PY 2010
VL 129
IS 2
BP 121
EP 128
DI 10.1111/j.1744-7410.2010.00196.x
PG 8
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 595PI
UT WOS:000277623700002
ER
PT J
AU Collin, R
Giribet, G
AF Collin, Rachel
Giribet, Gonzalo
TI Report of a cohesive gelatinous egg mass produced by a tropical marine
bivalve
SO INVERTEBRATE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bivalvia; Lucinidae; development; Caribbean; Heterodonta
ID POSTLARVAL DEVELOPMENT; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; DNA-SEQUENCES; MORPHOLOGY;
LUCINIDAE; MOLLUSCA; LARVAL; REPRODUCTION; EMBRYOS; LIGHT
AB Gelatinous egg masses are common in a number of animal phyla. However, they are virtually unknown in marine bivalves, with structures that could be thought of as gelatinous egg masses being reported for only five species. We describe the gelatinous egg mass and intracapsular development in the tropical lucinid Phacoides pectinatus. The embryos developed within individual capsules embedded in a large flimsy, spherical mass. Swimming veligers hatch at 198 mu m shell length. They did not feed, settled within several days of hatching, and metamorphosis was completed within 2 weeks of hatching. Gelatinous egg masses might be detected in members of more lucinid species if studies of development included field or in vivo observations of reproduction in addition to producing embryos by stripping the gonads.
C1 [Collin, Rachel] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
[Giribet, Gonzalo] Harvard Univ, Museum Comparat Zool, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Collin, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, POB 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama.
EM collinr@si.edu
RI Collin, Rachel/G-2001-2010; Giribet, Gonzalo/P-1086-2015;
OI Giribet, Gonzalo/0000-0002-5467-8429; Collin, Rachel/0000-0001-5103-4460
FU National Science Foundation [EF-0531757]
FX Greg Rouse collected the egg mass and kindly offered them for study,
along with the photographs of the egg mass. Akiko Okusu translated the
relevant paragraph of Miyazaki (1938). Maricela Salazar assisted with
wet laboratory work and Alejandra Guzman assisted with molecular work.
We thank the staff of the Bocas del Toro Research Station for technical
support. This manuscript is partly based on work supported by the
National Science Foundation (AToL program) under grant no. #EF-0531757
to G.G.
NR 40
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1077-8306
J9 INVERTEBR BIOL
JI Invertebr. Biol.
PY 2010
VL 129
IS 2
BP 165
EP 171
DI 10.1111/j.1744-7410.2010.00188.x
PG 7
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 595PI
UT WOS:000277623700006
ER
PT J
AU Baeza, JA
AF Antonio Baeza, J.
TI Observations on the sexual system and the natural history of the
semi-terrestrial shrimp Merguia rhizophorae (Rathbun, 1900)
SO INVERTEBRATE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE sex allocation; sex ratio; protandry; Caridea
ID PROTANDRIC SIMULTANEOUS HERMAPHRODITISM; LYSMATA-WURDEMANNI CARIDEA;
MARINE SHRIMP; SOCIAL MONOGAMY; DECAPODA; HIPPOLYTIDAE; CRUSTACEA;
NATANTIA; DIFFERENTIATION; CHARACTERS
AB The sexual system of the semi-terrestrial shrimp Merguia rhizophorae is described, along with natural history observations on this unusual caridean. Individuals of M. rhizophorae in the Bocas del Toro Archipelago, Panama, were found occupying fossilized coral terraces in the upper and mid-intertidal zones, inhabiting caves and crevices, in and out of water. These fossilized coral terraces represent a new habitat for this species, which was previously reported only from mangrove swamps. Males, which made up 65% of the studied population, were smaller than females on average. No small juvenile females were observed, but transitional individuals having the characteristics of both males (gonopores) and females (ovaries) were observed in the population. These data suggest that individuals of M. rhizophorae are protandric hermaphrodites. Logistic regression indicated that the carapace length at which 50% of the individuals change sex is 4.89 mm. The abundance of shrimps at the study site was low. Shrimps were usually solitary, but occasionally observed in groups of < 5 individuals. Shrimps were commonly observed walking while out of water, and in some cases, emerged shrimps jumped vigorously, presumably to avoid capture by the researcher or by predatory crabs. Additional studies on the reproductive biology and the behavioral ecology of members of this genus and of members of the closely related families Barbouridae and Lysmatidae will aid in understanding the evolutionary origin and the adaptive value of gender expression patterns in shrimps.
C1 [Antonio Baeza, J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA.
[Antonio Baeza, J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
[Antonio Baeza, J.] Univ Catolica Norte, Fac Marine Sci, Dept Marine Biol, Coquimbo, Chile.
RP Baeza, JA (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA.
EM baezaa@si.edu
OI Baeza, Juan Antonio/0000-0002-2573-6773
FU Smithsonian Institution; National Geographic Society; Smithsonian Marine
Station at Fort Pierce Fellowship; STRI Marine Fellowship
FX Many thanks are due to Arcadio Ortiz for his help during shrimp
collection. I thank Gabriel Jacome, Plinio Gondola, and all the staff
from Bocas del Toro Research Station for their patience and help with
the scheduling of trips and work in Panama. Special thanks are due to
John Christy for continuous support during my postdoctoral research.
This research was partially funded by a Marine Science Network Grant
from the Smithsonian Institution through the Johnson and Hunterdon
Oceanographic Research Endowments and by a Committee for Research and
Exploration Grant of the National Geographic Society. Support from the
Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce Fellowship and the STRI Marine
Fellowship is appreciated. Julie Piraino and two referees critically
reviewed the manuscript and provided helpful comments. This is
contribution number 822 of the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort
Pierce.
NR 46
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1077-8306
EI 1744-7410
J9 INVERTEBR BIOL
JI Invertebr. Biol.
PY 2010
VL 129
IS 3
BP 266
EP 276
DI 10.1111/j.1744-7410.2010.00200.x
PG 11
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 641PU
UT WOS:000281142000006
ER
PT J
AU Vargas, S
Eitel, M
Breedy, O
Schierwater, B
AF Vargas, Sergio
Eitel, Michael
Breedy, Odalisca
Schierwater, Bernd
TI Molecules match morphology: mitochondrial DNA supports Bayer's
Lytreia-Bebryce-Heterogorgia (Alcyonacea : Octocorallia) clade
hypothesis
SO INVERTEBRATE SYSTEMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bebryce; Heterogorgia; Lytreia; molecular phylogenetics; Octocorallia;
sclerite evolution
ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; EASTERN PACIFIC; GENUS;
CNIDARIA; COELENTERATA; ANTHOZOA; SEA; SPECIATION; SEQUENCES
AB Several studies attempting to clarify the taxonomy and systematics of Octocorallia have highlighted the important role of molecular characters in corroborating or rejecting previous hypotheses based on morphological variation. One such hypothesis is that of a close phylogenetic relationship between the genera Lytreia, Bebryce and Heterogorgia proposed by Bayer based on morphological studies of the genera. Herein, we tested Bayer's hypothesis using the mitochondrial marker mshI. We deduced a molecular phylogeny including members of the families Gorgoniidae and 'Paramuriceidae' that corroborated the existence of Bayer's Lytreia-Bebryce-Heterogorgia clade. In addition, we provide a morphological assessment of the three genera as well as diagnoses for each of them. We also discuss, based on the phylogenetic results obtained, the evolution of sclerite morphology within Bayer's Lytreia-Bebyce-Heterogorgia clade. Finally, we propose a Tethyan origin for the Lytreia-Bebryce-Heterogorgia clade.
C1 [Vargas, Sergio; Eitel, Michael; Schierwater, Bernd] TiHo, ITZ, D-30559 Hannover, Germany.
[Vargas, Sergio; Breedy, Odalisca] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, Museo Zool, San Jose, Costa Rica.
[Breedy, Odalisca] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, APO, AA 34002 USA.
[Breedy, Odalisca] Univ Costa Rica, Ctr Invest Ciencias Mar & Limnol, San Pedro, Costa Rica.
[Breedy, Odalisca] Univ Costa Rica, Ctr Invest Estruct Microscop, San Pedro, Costa Rica.
[Schierwater, Bernd] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Invertebrate Zool, New York, NY 10024 USA.
RP Vargas, S (reprint author), Univ Munich, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Mol Geo & Palaeobiol Lab, Richard Wagner Str 10, D-80333 Munich, Germany.
EM s.vargas@lrz.uni-muenchen.de
RI Vargas, Sergio/A-5678-2011;
OI Vargas, Sergio/0000-0001-8704-1339; Eitel, Michael/0000-0002-0531-0732
FU DAAD; Foundation Herbette
FX We thank the following people and institutions for their generosity in
making available specimens and information used in this study: CAS: G.
Williams and B. Van Syoc; CDRS: C. Hickmann; MCZ: A. Baldinger and V.
Wallace; USNM: S. Cairns; YPM: E. Lazo-Wasem. We also thank R. Vargas
for her unconditional support during the development of this study. K.
Zimmer helped during laboratory work. We like to specially thank S.
Simon and S. Sagasser for their constant support and help, S. Becker
gently helped SV with idiomatic issues, and generally all ITZ members
who helped during the cold German laboratory days; to all of them:
'We'll meet again, don't no where, don't no when...'. We are especially
grateful to C. A. Guevara, H. M. Guzman and J. Cortes for their
cooperation and support in collecting samples, and P. Denyer for
producing the SEM plate. We thank the staff of the computer cluster
facility of the Instituto Tecnologico Costarricense, C. Vargas and J.
Castro for allowing us to use the cluster for some analyses included in
this study. Some bioinformatic analyses were carried out on the freely
available Bioportal (www.bioportal.uio.no). This work was partially
sponsored by DAAD through its Stipendien fur Wissenschaftler for SV. The
Foundation Herbette provided additional support for SEM facilities to
the University of Lausanne.
NR 47
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 6
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI CLAYTON
PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC
3168, AUSTRALIA
SN 1445-5226
EI 1447-2600
J9 INVERTEBR SYST
JI Invertebr. Syst.
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 1
BP 23
EP 31
DI 10.1071/IS09033
PG 9
WC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology
SC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology
GA 596WY
UT WOS:000277717400003
ER
PT J
AU Marino-Cardenas, Y
Zapata, M
Brodbeck, BV
McKamey, S
Andersen, PC
AF Marino-Cardenas, Yobana
Zapata, Mildred
Brodbeck, Brent V.
McKamey, Stuart
Andersen, Peter C.
TI Biodiversity and ecology of potential vectors (Insecta: Hemiptera:
Auchenorryncha) of Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. in coffee plants of
Puerto Rico
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO
LA English
DT Article
DE Agallia; Apogonalia; Caribovia; Hortensia
ID CICADELLIDAE; LEAFHOPPER; PREFERENCE; DISEASE; CITRUS; BRAZIL
AB Xylella fastidiosa(Xf) is a xylem-limited bacterium that is the causal agent of coffee leaf scorch (CLS) in Central America. The purpose of this research was to survey potential vectors of Xf in plantings of coffee, Coffee arabica L., in Puerto Rico. These surveys were conducted from June to November 2006 on four farms, located in the municipalities of Yauco, Juana Diaz and Adjuntas. Insects were collected at each site at 15-day intervals. The 7,423 individuals collected belonged to five families and 12 species. Cicadellidae was the primary family in both number of species and number of individuals. Indexes of dominance, abundance, frequency and constancy showed Agallia pulchra, Apogonalia imitatrix, Caribovia coffeacola and Hortensia similis to be the predominant species. Indexes also showed significant differences among locations, with higher diversity and equitability on Yauco farms, and higher dominance in Adjuntas. Of the four dominant species, Apogonalia imitatrix, C. coffeacola and H. similis are all xylem fluid feeders, and thus may be potential vectors of Xf. Apogonalia imitatrix represents the first report of the species for Puerto Rico.
C1 [Marino-Cardenas, Yobana] Univ Puerto Rico Mayaguez, Coll Agr Sci, Dept Crop Protect, Mayaguez, PR USA.
[Zapata, Mildred] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Crops & Agroenvironm Sci, Coll Agr Sci, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA.
[Brodbeck, Brent V.; Andersen, Peter C.] Univ Florida, N Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Quincy, FL USA.
[McKamey, Stuart] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC USA.
RI Rinaldi2, Carlos/D-4479-2011
FU USDA/CSREES [ZTS-16]; [34135-15669]
FX This research was financed by project ZTS-16 (USDA/CSREES) and TSTAR
#34135-15669. The authors wish to thank Dr. Angel Gonzalez and Prof.
Edwin Abreu for their excellent comments on sampling and Dr. Thomas
Henry for his comments on the manuscript; Miguel Arango and Neis
Martinez for assistance with the statistical analysis and Rosario Gaud,
Alvaro Serrano, Wigmar Gonzalez, Manuel Santana, and Diego Viteri for
their collaboration in field work for this research.
NR 48
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
PI RIO PIEDRAS
PA PO BOX 21360, RIO PIEDRAS, PUERTO RICO 00927 USA
SN 0041-994X
J9 J AGR U PUERTO RICO
JI J. Agric. Univ. P. R.
PD JAN-APR
PY 2010
VL 94
IS 1-2
BP 147
EP 164
PG 18
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
SC Agriculture
GA 740YO
UT WOS:000288830500010
ER
PT J
AU Hesselberg, T
Triana, E
AF Hesselberg, Thomas
Triana, Emilia
TI The web of the acacia orb-spider Eustala illicita (Araneae: Araneidae)
with notes on its natural history
SO JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Orb-web; tropical spider; swollen-thorn acacias; web parameters
ID ARGIOPE-KEYSERLINGI ARANEAE; ZYGIELLA-X-NOTATA; WEAVING SPIDERS;
BUILDING BEHAVIOR; CENTRAL AMERICA; PREY; MUTUALISM; GEOMETRY; CAPTURE;
RANGE
AB A great number of spiders build orb-webs and although the overall structure is the result of fixed behavioral patterns, much small-scale inter- and intraspecific variation is nonetheless evident. Thus in order to fully understand the orb-web and web-building behavior in these spiders, we need to study substantial samples of many different species of orb-weavers. However, to date only a few species have been rigorously studied both in the field and in the laboratory. Here, we investigate the ecology, behavior and orb-web of the neotropical spider Eustala illicita (O. Pickard-Cambridge 1889) and suggest it as suitable for further studies based on 1) the ease at which it can be located in abundant numbers in the field, 2) its willingness to build webs in the laboratory, 3) the plasticity of its behavior, and 4) its interesting ecology in the form of interactions with the swollen-thorn acacias and their ant mutualists. Here, we introduce its natural history and then provide a detailed description of orb-webs built in the field and in the laboratory, which we compare to other orb-spiders.
C1 [Hesselberg, Thomas; Triana, Emilia] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
[Triana, Emilia] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Pedro, Costa Rica.
RP Hesselberg, T (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
EM Thomas.Hesselberg@gmail.com
RI Hesselberg, Thomas/A-1711-2008
FU Parque Natural Metropolitano; Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente (ANAM)
[SE/A-81-08, SE/A-104-08]; Smithsonian Postdoctoral Fellowship;
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
FX Thanks to John Styrsky for his information on and discussions about the
spider, to Sabrina Amador-Vargas for identifying the acacia and the ant
species, to Diomedes Quientero and Roberto Miranda for identifying the
spiders and finally to Gilbert Barrantes, William Eberhard, Linden
Higgins, Matjaz Kuntner and Samuel Zschokke for their valuable
suggestions of an earlier version of this paper. The authors gratefully
acknowledge the permission granted by the Parque Natural Metropolitano
and the Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente (ANAM permits no. SE/A-81-08 and
SE/A-104-08) to carry out this study. The study was funded by a
Smithsonian Postdoctoral Fellowship to TH and a Smithsonian Tropical
Research Institute short-term fellowship to ET.
NR 41
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER ARACHNOLOGICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PARK
PA UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, 4112 PLANT SCIENCES BLDG, COLLEGE PARK,
MD 20742-4454 USA
SN 0161-8202
J9 J ARACHNOL
JI J. Arachnol.
PY 2010
VL 38
IS 1
BP 21
EP 26
PG 6
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 573NU
UT WOS:000275921400003
ER
PT J
AU Gregoric, M
Kostanjsek, R
Kuntner, M
AF Gregoric, Matjaz
Kostanjsek, Rok
Kuntner, Matjaz
TI Orb web features as taxonomic characters in Zygiella s.l. (Araneae:
Araneidae)
SO JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Zygiellidae; web architecture; taxonomy; diagnosis; behavior
ID SPIDERS ARANEAE; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; WEAVING SPIDERS; NEPHILIDAE;
EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR; HOMOLOGY; CAPTURE; THERIDIIDAE; ARANEOIDEA
AB The species classically grouped in the genus Zygiella F.O. Pickard-Cambridge 1902 are thought to all possess a characteristic orb web feature a spiral-free sector in the upper part of the orb. Zygiella s.l. has recently been split into four genera, Zygiella s.s., Leviellus Wunderlich 2004, Parazygiella Wunderlich 2004 and Stroemiellus Wunderlich 2004, and proposed to belong to family Zygiellidae, rather than the classical Araneidae. To find orb web features that could potentially diagnose these species and/or genera, we investigated female web architectures of L. thorelli, P. montana, S. stroemi, Z. keyserlingi and Z. x-notata. We investigated a total of 278 female webs and compared 16 characters emphasizing web size, web and hub asymmetry, as well as radial and spiral counts. The free sector may be present in all species but its prevalence in female webs varied from 41% in Z. keyserlingi to 94% in P. montana. Various combinations of web architecture characters may diagnose those species that in our sample represented all four genera: Zygiella s.s. may be diagnosed by the median number of non-circulating sticky spirals below hub, Stroemiellus by the small web size with small mesh width and the non-circulating spirals above hub, Parazygiella by few primary radii and sticky spirals, and Leviellus by a pronounced vertical hub displacement. This suite of diagnostic features may provide preliminary support for the current taxonomy of Zygiella s.l., although the ultimate test, i.e., a phylogeny, is needed to test the validity of the genera. Seven out of 16 web characters are potentially phylogenetically informative because they show a statistically significant shared variation among species. Our study, which pioneers the quantification of web data to distinguish species, implies that the interspecific variation in webs may turn out to reflect phylogenetic relationships among Zygiella s.l.
C1 [Gregoric, Matjaz; Kuntner, Matjaz] Slovenian Acad Sci & Arts, Inst Biol, Ctr Sci Res, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
[Kostanjsek, Rok] Univ Ljubljana, Dept Biol, Biotech Fac, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
[Kuntner, Matjaz] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Gregoric, M (reprint author), Slovenian Acad Sci & Arts, Inst Biol, Ctr Sci Res, Novi Trg 2,POB 306, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
EM matjaz.gregoric@gmail.com
NR 47
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER ARACHNOLOGICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PARK
PA UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, 4112 PLANT SCIENCES BLDG, COLLEGE PARK,
MD 20742-4454 USA
SN 0161-8202
EI 1937-2396
J9 J ARACHNOL
JI J. Arachnol.
PY 2010
VL 38
IS 2
BP 319
EP 327
PG 9
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 652UA
UT WOS:000282034400017
ER
PT J
AU Kuntner, M
Agnarsson, I
AF Kuntner, Matjaz
Agnarsson, Ingi
TI Web gigantism in Darwin's bark spider, a new species from Madagascar
(Araneidae: Caerostris)
SO JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Diversity; DNA barcode; genital mutilation; morphology; orb web
architecture; sexual behavior; sexual size dimorphism
ID ORB-WEAVING SPIDERS; GENITAL MUTILATION; NEPHILID SPIDERS; ARANEAE;
PHYLOGENY; EVOLUTION; ARANEOIDEA; BEHAVIOR; SILK
AB The remarkable bark spiders (genus Caerostris: Araneidae) are poorly known Old World tropical orb-weavers, whose diversity, currently at II species, is grossly underestimated. Most species build large webs at forest edges, clearings, and gardens, but in Madagascar, probably the hot spot of Caerostris diversity, at least one species occupies a unique ecological niche: casting its web across streams, rivers and lakes, so that the orb is suspended above water and attached to substrate on each riverbank via bridgelines up to 25 m. Here, we summarize current knowledge on Caerostris natural history, and specifically focus on the remarkable web architecture and biology of the newly described Caerostris darwini n. sp. Darwin's bark spider builds its web, a regular orb suspended above water, and maintains it with daily reinforcing of bridgelines and renewal of orb for many days. Web size ranged from 900-28,000 cm(2), with the largest measured web of about 2.8 m(2) being the largest orb ever measured, to our knowledge. With anchor lines capable of bridging over 25 m, it also builds the longest webs among all spiders a unique form of web gigantism. We report on mass capture of ephemeropteran prey items in C. darwini n. sp. webs during a single day. Webs contained up to 32 mayflies that were subsequently wrapped en masse before the spider fed on them. We also provide the first evidence of kleptoparasitism in these webs both by other spiders (Argyrodinae) and by newly documented, undescribed symbiotic flies. Caerostris display extreme sexual size dimorphism with large females and small males, which is manifested in enigmatic sexual behaviors such as mate guarding, male-male aggressiveness, genital mutilation, mate plugging, and self castration. Caerostris is thus a promising candidate for evolutionary studies, and its diversity, biology, and phylogenetic relationships all deserve a closer scrutiny.
C1 [Kuntner, Matjaz; Agnarsson, Ingi] Slovenian Acad Sci & Arts, Inst Biol, Ctr Sci Res, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
[Kuntner, Matjaz; Agnarsson, Ingi] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Agnarsson, Ingi] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA.
RP Kuntner, M (reprint author), Slovenian Acad Sci & Arts, Inst Biol, Ctr Sci Res, Novi Trg 2,POB 306, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
EM kuntner@gmail.com
FU Slovenian Research Agency [Z1-9799-0618-07]; National Science Foundation
[DEB-0516038]; European Community [MIRG-CT-20036536]; Sallee Charitable
Trust; U.S. National Science Foundation [DEB-9712353]; National
Geographic Society [8655-09]
FX This is Contribution 4 resulting from the 2008 Indian Ocean expedition,
funded by the Slovenian Research Agency (grant Z1-9799-0618-07 to I.
Agnarsson) and the National Science Foundation (grant DEB-0516038 to T.
Blackledge). Additional funding came from the European Community 6th
Framework Programme (a Marie Curie International Reintegration Grant
MIRG-CT-20036536 to M. Kuntner). The 2001 field work was supported by
the Sallee Charitable Trust grant to the authors and by a U.S. National
Science Foundation grant (DEB-9712353) to G. Hormiga and J. A.
Coddington. The 2010 fieldwork was supported by a grant to the authors
from the National Geographic Society (8655-09). We thank Benjamin
Andriamihaja and the MICET crew in Antananarivo, Sahondra Hanitriniaina
and Honore Rabarison for their help in the field, Patrick O'Grady and
Mark Stowe for commenting on dipteran kleptoparasitism, Todd Blackledge
for kindly providing the CO1 barcode, Matjaz Gregorie for sharing
unpublished field data, and Petra Sierwald and an adonymous reviewer for
their suggestions.
NR 30
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 24
PU AMER ARACHNOLOGICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PARK
PA UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, 4112 PLANT SCIENCES BLDG, COLLEGE PARK,
MD 20742-4454 USA
SN 0161-8202
EI 1937-2396
J9 J ARACHNOL
JI J. Arachnol.
PY 2010
VL 38
IS 2
BP 346
EP 356
PG 11
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 652UA
UT WOS:000282034400020
ER
PT J
AU Agnarsson, I
AF Agnarsson, Ingi
TI The utility of ITS2 in spider phylogenetics: notes on prior work and an
example from Anelosimus
SO JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Phylogeny; DNA barcode; ITS2 secondary structure; sociality; Theridiidae
ID SECONDARY STRUCTURE; ARANEAE; THERIDIIDAE; SEQUENCE; COLONIZATION;
ADVANTAGES; ALIGNMENT; LINEAGES; PATTERNS; REVISION
AB The ribosomal internal transcribed spacer ITS2 is probably the most popular nuclear DNA marker used to examine relationships among and within species in animals and plants. ITS2 sequences have also begun to be used as DNA barcodes. ITS2, however, has rarely been used in studies of spiders. Here, I examine the potential utility of this marker for spider phylogenetics based on preliminary data for Anelosimus spiders and a brief summary of prior work. The secondary structure of ITS2 facilitated alignment of highly divergent sequences and indicated that secondary structure morphology might be phylogenetically informative in itself. Phylogenetic analysis of Anelosimus species was congruent with a prior study based on a combination of six mitochondrial and nuclear loci plus morphology regarding the deeper chides within the genus. However, ITS2 had insufficient variation to resolve relationships within species and among closely related species. Previous studies have also discovered relatively little within-species variation in ITS2. In sum, ITS2 is an easily amplified and sequenced marker that is underutilized in spider phylogenetics; however, it has limited uses at the lowest taxonomic levels and is not likely to be a universally useful DNA barcode marker.
C1 [Agnarsson, Ingi] Univ Puerto Rico Rio Piedras, Dept Biol, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
[Agnarsson, Ingi] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Agnarsson, I (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico Rio Piedras, Dept Biol, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
EM iagnarsson@gmail.com
NR 29
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER ARACHNOLOGICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PARK
PA UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, 4112 PLANT SCIENCES BLDG, COLLEGE PARK,
MD 20742-4454 USA
SN 0161-8202
J9 J ARACHNOL
JI J. Arachnol.
PY 2010
VL 38
IS 2
BP 377
EP 382
PG 6
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 652UA
UT WOS:000282034400027
ER
PT J
AU Eberhard, WG
AF Eberhard, William G.
TI Possible functional significance of spigot placement on the spinnerets
of spiders
SO JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Silk; silk gland; phylogenetics inertia
ID ARANEAE; WEB; THERIDIIDAE; SILK; CONSTRUCTION; ARANEIDAE; PHYLOGENY;
EVOLUTION; ARANEOIDEA; BEHAVIOR
AB This paper discusses the possible functional significance of the locations of the spigots of different types of silk gland on the different spinnerets of spiders. Deductions are based on recognition that some types of line are initiated by being attached to the dragline, that there is an anterior-posterior asymmetry in how such lines can be initiated, and that spigot location also affects the possibility of attaching lines to the substrate. Possible explanations are given for several morphological details, including the anterior location of the dragline, piriform and cribellum spigots, planar arrays of piriform and cribellum spigots, and posterior location of aciniform spigots. I argue that piriform gland products are not used to attach egg sac lines to each other, that sticky wrapping lines are initiated in theridiids and pholcids by attaching them to draglines and that lines from both aciniform and cylindriform glands are laid along with liquid that renders them sticky. The possible role of phylogenetic inertia in determining spigot locations is discussed. Further work is needed to determine whether termination of lines and accessibility of spigots for cleaning also influence their positions.
C1 [Eberhard, William G.] Univ Costa Rica, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, San Jose, Costa Rica.
[Eberhard, William G.] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Jose, Costa Rica.
RP Eberhard, WG (reprint author), Univ Costa Rica, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ciudad Univ, San Jose, Costa Rica.
EM william.eberhard@gmail.com
FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Vicerrectoria de Investigacion
of the Universidad de Costa Rica
FX I thank H.W. Levi for identifying spiders, Ingi Agnarsson, Gilbert
Barrantes, Bernhard Huber and two anonymous referees for helpful
comments on preliminary drafts, and the Smithsonian Tropical Research
Institute and the Vicerrectoria de Investigacion of the Universidad de
Costa Rica for financial support.
NR 41
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER ARACHNOLOGICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PARK
PA UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, 4112 PLANT SCIENCES BLDG, COLLEGE PARK,
MD 20742-4454 USA
SN 0161-8202
J9 J ARACHNOL
JI J. Arachnol.
PY 2010
VL 38
IS 3
BP 407
EP 414
DI 10.1636/B09-97.1
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 852VQ
UT WOS:000297386000003
ER
PT J
AU Hruskova-Martisova, M
Pekar, S
Cardoso, P
AF Hruskova-Martisova, Martina
Pekar, Stano
Cardoso, Pedro
TI Natural history of the Iberian solifuge Gluvia dorsalis (Solifuges:
Daesiidae)
SO JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Camel-spider; activity; prey; reproduction; sexual dimorphism
ID DISTRIBUTIONS; SPIDERS; ARANEAE; TAXA
AB In this paper we present a detailed study of the natural history of Gluvia dorsalis (Latreille 1817), a representative of the family Daesiidae, the only solifuge species known to occur in southwestern Europe. We studied its distribution, habitat preference, circadian activity, seasonal occurrence, burrowing, predatory and post-mating behavior, prey, fecundity, ontogenesis, and sexual dimorphism. Gluvia dorsalis occurs in lowlands across the entire Iberian Peninsula, preferring grassland or similar open-ground habitats with little summer rain. According to pitfall trap data, the species was active on the surface from May until the beginning of November. It is a nocturnal epigean predator, feeding principally on ants and spiders. However, under laboratory conditions, specimens captured and consumed a variety of arthropods. G. dorsalis seems to hide in underground burrows only when molting, overwintering, or laying eggs. Reproduction occurred in early summer, and females usually produced a single egg clutch containing, on average, 84 eggs, and died soon after. Our results indicate that the G. dorsalis is a biennial species. There was sexual dimorphism in several morphological structures that might be used for sex matching in juvenile instars.
C1 [Hruskova-Martisova, Martina; Pekar, Stano] Masaryk Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Bot & Zool, CS-61137 Brno, Czech Republic.
[Cardoso, Pedro] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Cardoso, Pedro] Univ Azores, Azorean Biodivers Grp, Angra Do Heroismo, Portugal.
RP Pekar, S (reprint author), Masaryk Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Bot & Zool, CS-61137 Brno, Czech Republic.
EM pekar@sci.muni.cz
RI Cardoso, Pedro/A-8820-2008;
OI Cardoso, Pedro/0000-0001-8119-9960; Pekar, Stano/0000-0002-0197-5040
FU Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic
[1P06ME851, 0021622416]; Portuguese Foundation for Science and
Technology [SFRH/BD/1195/2000]
FX We would like to thank C. Meierrose and P. Surovy for kind help with the
logistics in Portugal and P. Vanhara for help in the field. We are very
grateful to L. Higgins for useful comments on the manuscript and for the
improvement of English. The study was supported by grants no. 1P06ME851
and no. 0021622416 of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the
Czech Republic. Fieldwork was also supported by the Portuguese
Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BD/1195/2000).
NR 50
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER ARACHNOLOGICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PARK
PA UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, 4112 PLANT SCIENCES BLDG, COLLEGE PARK,
MD 20742-4454 USA
SN 0161-8202
J9 J ARACHNOL
JI J. Arachnol.
PY 2010
VL 38
IS 3
BP 466
EP 474
DI 10.1636/Hi09-104.1
PG 9
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 852VQ
UT WOS:000297386000011
ER
PT J
AU Barrantes, G
Eberhard, WG
AF Barrantes, Gilbert
Eberhard, William G.
TI Ontogeny repeats phylogeny in Steatoda and Latrodectus spiders
SO JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Web design; ontogenetic pattern; plesiomorphic traits; web evolution
ID ARANEAE THERIDIIDAE; BIOGENETIC LAW; WEB; EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR;
NEPHILIDAE; ARANEOIDEA; COMB
AB Web designs of young spiders are often less derived than those of older conspecific individuals. This study tested whether this "ontogeny repeats phylogeny" pattern occurs in two species of Latrodectus and two species of the closely related genus Steatoda. This pattern was assumed to occur in a recent study of a third Latrodectus species, L. geometricus, which attempted to deduce a probable evolutionary derivation of gum-foot webs of theridiids on the basis of ontogenetic changes. We found the same basic ontogeny repeats phylogeny ontogenetic pattern in all four species, suggesting that the previous suppositions were justified. As expected, the webs of the young instars of the two Latrodectus species were more similar than those of the adults, and were more similar to those of young than to those of adults of L. geometricus. One apparently derived trait of L. mirabilis, attaching prey remains as camouflage for the spider in the central portion of the web, did not change during ontogeny, and was present in even the webs of first-instar spiderlings. Field observations of L. mirabilis suggest that the ontogenetic change from light to darker abdominal color patterns that occurs in many Latrodectus species may result from changes in selection for camouflage associated with ontogenetic changes in web designs and the spiders' resting sites. The webs of Steatoda also fit the ontogenetic pattern: at least some ontogenetic changes in both species involved younger spiders having less derived traits than those of adults. The webs of young Steatoda spiders were more derived in some respects than those of the early instars of Latrodectus.
C1 [Barrantes, Gilbert; Eberhard, William G.] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, San Jose, Costa Rica.
RP Barrantes, G (reprint author), Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ciudad Univ Rodrigo Facio, San Jose, Costa Rica.
EM gilbert.barrantes@gmail.com
FU Universidad de Costa Rica; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
FX It is a pleasure to thank Fernando Costa, Anita Aisenberg, and other
members of the Etologia, Ecologia y Evolucion lab of the Instituto de
Investigaciones Biologicas Clemente Estable, as well as Carmen Viera,
for hosting us and providing help and good company in collecting and
housing spiders. We also thank Carmen Viera for invitations to
participate in the IX Jornadas de Zoologia de Uruguay, which financed
our trip to Uruguay, and the Universidad de Costa Rica and the
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute for other financial support.
NR 20
TC 6
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 16
PU AMER ARACHNOLOGICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PARK
PA UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, 4112 PLANT SCIENCES BLDG, COLLEGE PARK,
MD 20742-4454 USA
SN 0161-8202
J9 J ARACHNOL
JI J. Arachnol.
PY 2010
VL 38
IS 3
BP 485
EP 494
DI 10.1636/B10-05.1
PG 10
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 852VQ
UT WOS:000297386000013
ER
PT J
AU Gaither, MR
Toonen, RJ
Robertson, DR
Planes, S
Bowen, BW
AF Gaither, Michelle R.
Toonen, Robert J.
Robertson, D. Ross
Planes, Serge
Bowen, Brian W.
TI Genetic evaluation of marine biogeographical barriers: perspectives from
two widespread Indo-Pacific snappers (Lutjanus kasmira and Lutjanus
fulvus)
SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cytochrome b; endemism; Indo-Pacific Barrier; marine fish; Marquesas;
mtDNA; nuclear intron; phylogeography
ID CORAL-REEF FISH; STARFISH ACANTHASTER-PLANCI; SEX-BIASED DISPERSAL;
MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; COMPARATIVE PHYLOGEOGRAPHY;
GLOBAL PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; SPATIAL SCALES; CONTROL REGION; BIRGUS-LATRO
AB Aim
In the Indo-Pacific, the mass of islands of the Indonesian archipelago constitute a major biogeographical barrier (the Indo-Pacific Barrier, IPB) separating the Pacific and Indian oceans. Evidence for other, more localized barriers include high rates of endemism at the Marquesas and other isolated peripheral islands in the Pacific. Here we use mitochondrial-sequence comparisons to evaluate the efficacy of biogeographical barriers on populations of the snappers Lutjanus kasmira and Lutjanus fulvus across their natural ranges.
Location
Pacific and Indian oceans.
Methods
Mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence data were obtained from 370 individuals of L. kasmira and 203 individuals of L. fulvus collected from across each species' range. Allele frequency data for two nuclear introns were collected from L. kasmira. Phylogenetic and population-level analyses were used to determine patterns of population structure in these species and to identify barriers to dispersal.
Results
Lutjanus kasmira lacks genetic structure across the IPB and throughout 12,000 km of its central Indo-Pacific range. In contrast, L. fulvus demonstrates high levels of population structure at all geographical scales. In both species, highly significant population structure results primarily from the phylogenetic distinctiveness of their Marquesas Islands populations (L. kasmira, d = 0.50-0.53%; L. fulvus, d = 0.87-1.50%). Coalescence analyses of the L. kasmira data indicate that populations at opposite ends of its range (western Indian Ocean and the Marquesas) are the oldest. Coalescence analyses for L. fulvus are less robust but also indicate colonization from the Indian to the Pacific Ocean.
Main conclusions
The IPB does not act as a biogeographical barrier to L. kasmira, and, in L. fulvus, its effects are no stronger than isolating mechanisms elsewhere. Both species demonstrate a strong genetic break at the Marquesas. Population divergence and high endemism in that archipelago may be a product of geographical isolation enhanced by oceanographic currents that limit gene flow to and from those islands, and adaptation to unusual ecological conditions. Lutjanus kasmira shows evidence of Pleistocene population expansion throughout the Indo-central Pacific that originated in the western Indian Ocean rather than the Marquesas, further demonstrating a strong barrier at the latter location.
C1 [Gaither, Michelle R.; Toonen, Robert J.; Bowen, Brian W.] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
[Robertson, D. Ross] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, APO, AA USA.
[Planes, Serge] CRIOBE, EPHE, CNRS, UMS 2978, Moorea 98729, Fr Polynesia.
RP Gaither, MR (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, POB 1346, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
EM gaither@hawaii.edu
RI Toonen, Rob/K-2891-2012; Gaither, Michelle/J-3137-2015
OI Toonen, Rob/0000-0001-6339-4340; Gaither, Michelle/0000-0002-0371-5621
FU National Geographic [NGS 7269-02]; National Science Foundation (NSF)
[OIA0554657, OCE-0453167, OCE-0623678]; NOAA National Marine Sanctuaries
[2005-008/66882]; Hawaii Sea [NA05OAR4171048]
FX This study arose from fieldwork supported by National Geographic grant
no. NGS 7269-02 (D.R.R.). It was further supported by the National
Science Foundation (NSF) under grant nos OIA0554657, OCE-0453167
(B.W.B.) and OCE-0623678 (R.J.T.). Additional support for this work came
from NOAA National Marine Sanctuaries Program MOA grant no.
2005-008/66882 (B.W.B. and R.J.T.) and a Hawaii Sea Grant under grant
no. NA05OAR4171048 (B.W.B.). The views expressed herein are those of the
authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NSF, NOAA or any of
their sub-agencies. Paul Barber, Howard Choat, Pat Collins, Matt Craig,
John Earle, Jeff Eble, Brian Greene, Steve Karl, Jim Maragos, Craig
Musburger, David Pence, Luiz Rocha, Charles Sheppard, the British Indian
Ocean Territory Administration and the Guam Fishermen's Cooperative
helped to collect specimens. We thank Trina Leberer at The Nature
Conservancy, Sue Taei at Conservation International, Graham Wragg of the
RV Bounty Bay, the Government of Kiribati, and the Phoenix Island
Protected Area who assisted with Kiribati collections, Marc Crepeau for
valuable laboratory assistance and protocol development, Sarah Daley,
Rajesh Shrestha and Mindy Mizobe of the HIMB EPSCoR core facility for
their assistance with DNA sequencing, and Shelley Jones and all the
members of the ToBo lab for their assistance, support and feedback
throughout this project. We thank Jenny Schultz, David Bellwood and two
anonymous referees, whose comments substantially improved the
manuscript. This is contribution no. 1352 from the Hawaii Institute of
Marine Biology and no. 7763 from the School of Ocean and Earth Science
and Technology.
NR 84
TC 105
Z9 105
U1 0
U2 27
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0305-0270
J9 J BIOGEOGR
JI J. Biogeogr.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 37
IS 1
BP 133
EP 147
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2009.02188.x
PG 15
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA 534GU
UT WOS:000272885400013
ER
PT J
AU Stanley, JD
Bernbardt, CE
AF Stanley, Jean-Daniel
Bernbardt, Christopher E.
TI Alexandria's Eastern Harbor, Egypt: Pollen, Microscopic Charcoal, and
the Transition from Natural to Human-Modified Basin
SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Alexander the Great; archaeology; Bronze Age; charcoal; climate change;
early settlement; Egyptian dynasties; Greeks; Holocene; human activity;
lithofacies; Mareotis Lagoon; Nile Delta; pollen; Ptolemies; Romans;
stratigraphy; wastewater
ID NILE DELTA; LATE QUATERNARY; NORTHWESTERN EGYPT; SAPROPEL FORMATION;
HOLOCENE; EVOLUTION; CLIMATE; SEDIMENTS; REGION; PLEISTOCENE
AB Pollen and microscopic charcoal examined in Holocene sediment core samples record major environmental modifications affecting Alexandria's Eastern Harbor through time. We assess whether such changes on Egypt's coastal margin were influenced primarily by natural, or natural plus human, or primarily human factors. We focus on (1) the times when pollen assemblages and microscopic charcoal content changed in the core, (2) how they changed, and (3) why this occurred. The analysis takes into account the core's stratigraphy, regional climate variability, human history, and local archaeological record.
Four pollen-microscopic charcoal zones are identified. The earliest change occurred at ca. 6000 YBP, during Egypt's earlier Predynastic (Neolithic) period, coinciding with a lithologic break from sand to muddy sand. Pollen during this time indicates a transition to a much drier climate rather than effects of human activity. The second change in pollen occurred 3600-2900 YBP, during a period of continued aridity with no lithologic variation in this core interval. Pollen (cereal taxa, agricultural weeds, grape) and a sharp increase in microscopic charcoal indicate that human activity became prevalent at least 700 y before Alexander the Great's arrival in this region, and these results highlight the transition from a largely natural climate-controlled environment to one influenced by both climate and anthropogenic activity. The third shift up-core in pollen assemblages is dated at ca. 2300 YBP, at the boundary between a sand and mud unit. It coincides with construction by the Ptolemies of the Heptastadion between Alexandria and Pharos Island. From this time onward, harbor sediment in the nearly enclosed catchment basin indicates a near-continuous record of dominant proximal human activity.
C1 [Stanley, Jean-Daniel] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, CUSP, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Bernbardt, Christopher E.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Stanley, JD (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, CUSP, Paleo Roorn E205, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM stanleyd@si.edu
FU Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History at the
Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
FX We thank Mr. Franck Goddio, the Institut Europeen d'Archeologie
Sous-Marine, and Hilti Foundation for their generous support in
collecting the Alexandria harbor core examined in this study. Messrs. T.
Sheehan and B. Landacre assisted with processing of samples. Ms. Andrea
Kreuzer provided technical assistance with the manuscript. Reviews of
the manuscript by Dr. D. Willard and Mr. C. Doolan of the U.S.
Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, were most helpful. Partial funding
for the project was awarded to the first author by the Department of
Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History at the Smithsonian
Institution, Washington, D.C.
NR 92
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 7
PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0749-0208
J9 J COASTAL RES
JI J. Coast. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 1
BP 67
EP 79
DI 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-09-00089.1
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 549IL
UT WOS:000274041300007
ER
PT J
AU Gallery, RE
Moore, DJP
Dalling, JW
AF Gallery, Rachel E.
Moore, David J. P.
Dalling, James W.
TI Interspecific variation in susceptibility to fungal pathogens in seeds
of 10 tree species in the neotropical genus Cecropia
SO JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bacteria; Ecuador; fungi; Panama; plant defences; recruitment; seed
bank; species coexistence; tannins; tropical forest
ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; BANK DYNAMICS; EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY; SEEDLING
RECRUITMENT; DISPERSAL DISTANCE; PIONEER TREES; EXOTIC PLANTS; SOIL;
DIVERSITY; DENSITY
AB P>1. Species differences in susceptibility to pathogens acting at early life history stages may strongly influence the abundance and distribution of tropical trees. Here, we test the susceptibility of 10 congeners of the pioneer genus Cecropia to fungal seed and seedling pathogens and compare interspecific differences in intrinsic seed defences with survival.
2. Pathogens were experimentally removed through fungicide addition and/or autoclave sterilization of forest soil to determine the relative importance of fungal versus other microbial pathogens. Treatments were applied during a 4-month seed incubation (pre-emergence) phase or during an 8-week germination phase to distinguish between seed and seedling mortality.
3. Overall, seedling emergence after incubation in fungicide-treated, autoclaved soil was twice that in live soil, with significant positive effects of fungicide for six of 10 species. Pathogen infection occurred while seeds were quiescent in soil; fungicide addition during germination had no effect on emergence. Seedling emergence after burial ranged from 6 to 58%, indicating large interspecific variation in the capacity for Cecropia seeds to persist in the seed bank. Neither interspecific variation in survivorship, nor the relative strength of fungicide effects on survivorship was correlated with seed defence traits.
4. For four species, measurements of fungicide effects on emergence were coupled with direct measurements of the fungal and bacterial infection of seeds and seedlings. For two species, fungicide addition resulted in lower fungal infection rates and higher emergence success. However, Cecropia peltata, the species with the highest overall emergence success, also had the highest fungal infection rate. This suggests that either C. peltata was infected by a different suite of fungi than other congeners, or that fungi had low pathogenicity when colonizing this host species.
5. Synthesis. Our study shows strong interspecific variation in seed survival and susceptibility to fungal infection among congeneric tree species with similar life history. These differences are likely to influence recruitment success from the soil seed bank and may play a role in species coexistence.
C1 [Gallery, Rachel E.; Dalling, James W.] Univ Illinois, Program Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Moore, David J. P.] Kings Coll London, Dept Geog, London WC2R 2LS, England.
[Dalling, James W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Dalling, James W.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Gallery, RE (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PS, England.
EM rachel.gallery@gmail.com
RI Moore, David/A-6268-2013
FU NSF [DEB-0343953]; NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement
FX This research was supported by NSF DEB-0343953 to J. W. D and NSF
Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant to R. E. G. We thank the
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama, and the Ministerio del
Ambiente, Ecuador, for providing facilities, logistical support and
permission to conduct this research. We thank Nancy Lou Conklin-Brittain
and Meg Crowfoot, Harvard University, for assistance with tannin
extractions and interpretations of results, and Evelyn Sanchez for field
assistance. Finally, we wish to thank two anonymous referees for
valuable comments.
NR 74
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 5
U2 35
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-0477
J9 J ECOL
JI J. Ecol.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 98
IS 1
BP 147
EP 155
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2009.01589.x
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences; Ecology
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 531IE
UT WOS:000272657400016
ER
PT J
AU Leigh, EG
AF Leigh, E. G., Jr.
TI The group selection controversy
SO JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE common good; cooperation; fair meiosis; green beards; group selection;
kin selection; levels of selection; mutualism; Price's theorem;
superorganisms
ID FISHERS FUNDAMENTAL THEOREM; POLYGENIC BEHAVIORAL TRAIT; SEX-RATIO
ADJUSTMENT; HONEY-BEE COLONIES; CORAL-REEF FISH; KIN SELECTION;
NATURAL-SELECTION; INCLUSIVE FITNESS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SIMULTANEOUS
HERMAPHRODITISM
AB Many thought Darwinian natural selection could not explain altruism. This error led Wynne-Edwards to explain sustainable exploitation in animals by selection against overexploiting groups. Williams riposted that selection among groups rarely overrides within-group selection. Hamilton showed that altruism can evolve through kin selection. How strongly does group selection influence evolution? Following Price, Hamilton showed how levels of selection interact: group selection prevails if Hamilton's rule applies. Several showed that group selection drove some major evolutionary transitions. Following Hamilton's lead, Queller extended Hamilton's rule, replacing genealogical relatedness by the regression on an actor's genotypic altruism of interacting neighbours' phenotypic altruism. Price's theorem shows the generality of Hamilton's rule. All instances of group selection can be viewed as increasing inclusive fitness of autosomal genomes. Nonetheless, to grasp fully how cooperation and altruism evolve, most biologists need more concrete concepts like kin selection, group selection and selection among individuals for their common good.
C1 [Leigh, E. G., Jr.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Leigh, EG (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, MRC 0580-02,Unit 9100,Box 0948,DPO AA, Miami, FL 34002 USA.
EM leighe@si.edu
NR 160
TC 37
Z9 39
U1 12
U2 77
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1010-061X
J9 J EVOLUTION BIOL
JI J. Evol. Biol.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 1
BP 6
EP 19
DI 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2009.01876.x
PG 14
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA 532UC
UT WOS:000272774400002
PM 20002254
ER
PT J
AU Wise, MA
Brown, CD
AF Wise, Michael A.
Brown, Cathleen D.
TI Mineral chemistry, petrology and geochemistry of the Sebago
granite-pegmatite system, southern Maine, USA
SO JOURNAL OF GEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE granite-pegmatite system; mineral chemistry; petrology; geochemistry;
Sebago; southern Maine
ID BLACK-HILLS; EVOLUTION; ROCKS; BATHOLITH; MUSCOVITE; DAKOTA;
DISCRIMINATION; CLASSIFICATION; LEUKOGRANITE; EQUILIBRIA
AB The Permian (293 +/- 2 Ma) Sebago Pluton is a homogeneous, two-mica granite situated in the Oxford pegmatite field, southwestern Maine. Surrounding the pluton is an area designated as the Sebago Migmatite Domain (SMD) dominated by metapelitic migmatites and diatexites with subordinate intrusions of heterogeneous, two-mica and biotite granites, pegmatitic leucogranites and granitic pegmatites. The Sebago Pluton plus the SMD formerly defined the extent of the Sebago Batholith. Most of the granitic pegmatites and bodies of pegmatitic leucogranites occur either within, or barely outside, the margins of the SMD. The pegmatitic leucogranite facies displays units typical of fertile granites (granites that produce granitic pegmatites) and include: megacrystic graphic K-feldspar, sodic aplite and potassic pegmatite pods hosting rare tourmaline, beryl and columbite-tantalite. Over 100 granitic pegmatite bodies (Sebago Pegmatite Group - SPG) intrude the outer portions of the SMD and neighboring granitoids and metasedimentary rocks. The pegmatite population includes mineralogically simple to complexly zoned pegmatites that are characterized by a LCT-type (Li, Cs and Ta) geochemical signature, extensive replacement of primary zones and gem-bearing miarolitic cavities.
Sebago granites are strongly peraluminous and show rare-element enrichment typical of evolved fertile granites (K/Rb = 87-257), Rb/Tl = 10.6-71.3, Ba/Rb = 0.18-5.04, Al/Ga = 1419-1749, Zr/Sn = 1.53-43.9). The SPG shows high levels of Be, Nb > Ta, P, Li and B with subordinate enrichment in Rb and Cs. Moderate to high levels of rare-element fractionation are encountered in pegmatitic K-feldspar (K/Rb approximate to 17, K/Cs approximate to 90, Rb/Tl approximate to 75), muscovite (K/Rb approximate to 6.6, K/Cs approximate to 14.8, Rb/Tl approximate to 127), beryl (Na/Li approximate to 1.77, Cs(2)O approximate to 3.15 wt. %), garnet [Mn/(Mn + Fe) approximate to 0.60], manganotantalite and ixiolite/wodginite [Mn/Mn + Fe) approximate to 0.98, Ta/(Ta + Nb) approximate to 0.80-0.93].
Evidence that supports the pegmatitic leucogranites as the likely parent to the SPG includes the close spatial distribution of the pegmatites to the leucogranite bodies, texturally and mineralogically similar units observed within the leucogranite and the neighboring pegmatites plus gradual, yet overlapping, rare-element fractionation from the leucogranites to the associated pegmatites. A few pegmatites (e. g., the Lord Hill pegmatite and amethyst-bearing pegmatites) show NYF tendencies unlike any other pegmatites of the SPG. Differences in fractionation degree, evolution and/or relation to another fertile granite-pegmatite system may be responsible for this apparently anomalous group of pegmatite dikes.
C1 [Wise, Michael A.; Brown, Cathleen D.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Wise, MA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM wisem@si.edu
FU Maine Geological Survey; Smithsonian Institution
FX The authors wish to thank P. Uher and an anonymous reviewer for critical
review of the manuscript as well as careful editing by M. Novak and V.
Janousek. The authors gratefully acknowledge the cooperation and
assistance of the many miners and landowners who provided numerous
specimens for study and unlimited access to pegmatites and granite
outcrops. Thanks are also extended to the Maine Geological Survey for
their support and to the many assistants who aided the authors in the
field. Special thanks are due to Al Falster for his contributions to the
Li analysis of micas and beryl. Funding for this project was provided in
part from the Smithsonian Institution's Sprague Endowment.
NR 65
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 19
PU CESKA GEOLOGICKA SPOLECNOST
PI PRAHA 1
PA KLAROV 3, PRAHA 1, 118 21, CZECH REPUBLIC
SN 1802-6222
J9 J GEOSCI-CZECH
JI J Geosci.
PY 2010
VL 55
IS 1
SI SI
BP 3
EP 26
DI 10.3190/jgeosci.061
PG 24
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA 708DK
UT WOS:000286341600002
ER
PT J
AU Fitzpatrick, SM
Erlandson, JM
Rick, TC
AF Fitzpatrick, Scott M.
Erlandson, Jon M.
Rick, Torben C.
TI Island and Coastal Archaeology: Innovation, Change, and New Directions
SO JOURNAL OF ISLAND & COASTAL ARCHAEOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Fitzpatrick, Scott M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Sociol & Anthropol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Erlandson, Jon M.] Univ Oregon, Dept Anthropol, Museum Nat & Cultural Hist, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Rick, Torben C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Archaeobiol Program, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Fitzpatrick, SM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Sociol & Anthropol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM scott_fitzpatrick@ncsu.edu; jerland@uoregon.edu; rickt@si.edu
OI Erlandson, Jon/0000-0002-4705-4319
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 1556-4894
J9 J ISL COAST ARCHAEOL
JI J. Isl. Coast. Archaeol.
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 1
BP 1
EP 2
DI 10.1080/15564891003655709
PG 2
WC Archaeology
SC Archaeology
GA V22KO
UT WOS:000208274300001
ER
PT J
AU McClenachan, L
Hardt, M
Jackson, J
Cooke, R
AF McClenachan, Loren
Hardt, Marah
Jackson, Jeremy
Cooke, Richard
TI Mounting Evidence for Historical Overfishing and Long-term Degradation
of Caribbean Marine Ecosystems: Comment on Julio Baisre's "Setting a
Baseline for Caribbean Fisheries"
SO JOURNAL OF ISLAND & COASTAL ARCHAEOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [McClenachan, Loren] Florida State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Jackson, Jeremy] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Jackson, Jeremy; Cooke, Richard] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP McClenachan, L (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, B-157, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
EM loren.mcclenachan@gmail.com
NR 36
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 13
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 1556-4894
J9 J ISL COAST ARCHAEOL
JI J. Isl. Coast. Archaeol.
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 1
BP 165
EP 169
DI 10.1080/15564891003656178
PG 5
WC Archaeology
SC Archaeology
GA V22KO
UT WOS:000208274300013
ER
PT J
AU Sadeghpour, HR
AF Sadeghpour, H. R.
TI Spin depolarization and spin exchange in cold collisions involving 3He:
role of anisotropy
SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE spin polarization; spin relaxation; cold collisions; buffer-gas cooling
ID MOLECULES
AB Mechanisms of spin depolarization, spin relaxation and spin exchange in cold atom-atom, atom-molecule collisions are discussed. The formation of weakly-bound van der Waals molecules in buffer-gas cooled magnetic traps, intermediated by anisotropic hyperfine interaction is considered.
C1 [Sadeghpour, H. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Sadeghpour, HR (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM hrs@cfa.harvard.edu
FU ITAMP at Harvard University; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
FX This work would not have been possible without the diligence of P.
Zhang, T. V. Tscherbul, and the encouragements of A. Dalgarno. N.
Brahms, T. Walker, and J. Doyle are acknowledged for their insights in
these collaborations. Support came from ITAMP at Harvard University and
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0950-0340
J9 J MOD OPTIC
JI J. Mod. Opt.
PY 2010
VL 57
IS 19
SI SI
BP 1858
EP 1862
AR PII 925822979
DI 10.1080/09500340.2010.506584
PG 5
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 682NO
UT WOS:000284410500005
ER
PT J
AU Guerrieri, E
Huigens, ME
Estrada, C
Woelke, JB
de Rijk, M
Fatouros, NE
Aiello, A
Noyes, JS
AF Guerrieri, Emilio
Huigens, Martinus E.
Estrada, Catalina
Woelke, Jozef B.
de Rijk, Marjolein
Fatouros, Nina E.
Aiello, Annette
Noyes, John S.
TI Ooencyrtus marcelloi sp nov (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), an egg parasitoid
of Heliconiini (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) on passion vines
(Malpighiales: Passifloraceae) in Central America
SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY
LA English
DT Article
DE Passiflora; Ooencyrtus caligo; Ooencyrtus papilionis; Panama
ID GENERA
AB A new species belonging to the genus Ooencyrtus Ashmead is described. Ooencyrtus marcelloi sp. nov. has been reared from eggs of Heliconiini (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) collected in Panama on Passiflora spp. The new species is compared with its closest Ooencyrtus species, i.e. O. caligo Noyes, O. neustriae Mercet, O. flavipes (Timberlake), O. camerounensis (Risbec), O. endymion Huang and Noyes and Ooencyrtus sp. "undet. C." (from India). This represents the second record of Ooencyrtus from Heliconinae and the first record of this genus from Panama.
C1 [Guerrieri, Emilio] Natl Res Council Italy, Inst Plant Protect, I-80055 Portici, NA, Italy.
[Huigens, Martinus E.; Woelke, Jozef B.; de Rijk, Marjolein; Fatouros, Nina E.] Wageningen Univ, Entomol Lab, NL-6700 EH Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Estrada, Catalina] Univ Texas Austin, Sect Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Aiello, Annette] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
[Guerrieri, Emilio; Noyes, John S.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Entomol, London SW7 5BD, England.
RP Guerrieri, E (reprint author), Natl Res Council Italy, Inst Plant Protect, Via Univ 133, I-80055 Portici, NA, Italy.
EM guerrieri@ipp.cnr.it
OI Fatouros, Nina/0000-0003-0841-3144
FU Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research/Earth and Life Sciences
(NWO/ALW) VENI [86305020]; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
(STRI) short-term fellowship; Section of Integrative Biology of the
University of Texas
FX All wasp material was collected from February to April 2008 using permit
no. SE/AP-3-08 and exported using permit nos. SEX/A-19-08 and
SEX/A-32-08. Permits were provided by the Autoridad Nacional del
Ambiente (ANAM) of Panama which is here deeply thanked by the authors.
We are also grateful to Chris Jiggins for supporting the field survey
and Yde Jongema for his help in the early stages of wasp
identifications. This work was supported financially by the Netherlands
Organisation for Scientific Research/Earth and Life Sciences (NWO/ALW)
VENI grant 86305020 (M. E. Huigens), the Smithsonian Tropical Research
Institute (STRI) short-term fellowship (J.B. Woelke) and the Section of
Integrative Biology of the University of Texas travel grant (C.
Estrada).
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 9
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0022-2933
J9 J NAT HIST
JI J. Nat. Hist.
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 1-2
BP 81
EP 87
DI 10.1080/00222930903362051
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 546GY
UT WOS:000273800400005
ER
PT J
AU Flinte, V
Windsor, D
Sekerka, L
de Macedo, MV
Monteiro, RF
AF Flinte, Vivian
Windsor, Donald
Sekerka, Lukas
Valverde de Macedo, Margarete
Ferreira Monteiro, Ricardo
TI Plagiometriona emarcida (Boheman, 1855) and Plagiometriona forcipata
(Boheman, 1855) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae), a single
species differing in larval performance and adult phenotype
SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cassidinae; Plagiometriona; synonymy; polymorphism; cytochrome oxidase I
ID ELEVATION GRADIENTS; COLOR POLYMORPHISM; LEAF BEETLE; TEMPERATURE;
EVOLUTION; MELANISM; INSECTS
AB Matings frequently observed between the tortoise beetles Plagiometriona forcipata (Boheman, 1855) and Plagiometriona emarcida (Boheman, 1855), in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, led us to compare the ecology, life history and genetics of these two morphologically distinct species. Host plant censuses revealed P. emarcida was about five times more abundant, while populations of both species responded in parallel to climate. Laboratory-reared immature P. forcipata took 2 days longer to complete development and showed higher mortality rates. No differences were detected in ovipositional behaviour, genitalia morphology or in sex ratio of offspring. The adult offspring of field-caught females of both species contained individuals with both species' elytral patterns. Finally, nearly identical cytochrome oxidase I sequences obtained from individuals of each species suggest that they are a single polymorphic species. Based on these observations and the examination of type material we propose the new synonymy: Plagiometriona forcipata = P. emarcida, syn. nov.
C1 [Flinte, Vivian; Valverde de Macedo, Margarete; Ferreira Monteiro, Ricardo] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Depto Ecol IB, Lab Ecol Insetos, BR-68020 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Windsor, Donald] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balbao, Ancon, Panama.
[Sekerka, Lukas] Univ S Bohemia, Fac Sci, Dept Zool, Bohemia, Czech Republic.
[Sekerka, Lukas] Univ S Bohemia, Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Entomol, Bohemia, Czech Republic.
RP Flinte, V (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Depto Ecol IB, Lab Ecol Insetos, BR-68020 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
EM flinte@biologia.ufrj.br
RI Monteiro, Ricardo/J-3974-2012; Hymenoptera, Inct/I-2210-2013
FU Capes; Faperj; Graduation Programme (PPGE) at the Federal University of
Rio de Janeiro; CNPq; NSF [0328363]; European Union [SE-TAF-3623]
FX We are grateful to L. Borowiec (University of Wroclaw, Poland) for
Cassidinae identification. Our thanks are also extended to C.
Cronemberger (Research Sector - IBAMA) and IBAMA/PARNASO for research
support in the field. Our research authorizations were 214/2005,
246/2006 and 13424-1. V. F. received a scholarship from Capes and Faperj
and support from her Graduation Programme (PPGE) at the Federal
University of Rio de Janeiro. R. F. M. acknowledges the support of CNPq
through its Scientific Productivity Scholarship. We thank M. Chong for
molecular expertise and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute for
logistical services. Molecular costs were supported in part by NSF Grant
#0328363, J. Werren (University of Rochester, NY, USA). Examination of
type material in Naturhistoriska Rijksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden was
supported by the Synthesys project SE-TAF-3623 of the European Union.
NR 33
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0022-2933
EI 1464-5262
J9 J NAT HIST
JI J. Nat. Hist.
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 15-16
BP 891
EP 904
DI 10.1080/00222930903528230
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 577VA
UT WOS:000276250900001
ER
PT J
AU Sadeghian, PS
Santos, C
AF Sadeghian, Patricia S.
Santos, Cynthia
TI Two new species of Carcinonemertes (Hoplonemertea: Carcinonemertidae)
living in association with leucosiid crabs from California and Tasmania
SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY
LA English
DT Article
DE Carcinonemertes kurisi; Carcinonemertes tasmanica; Dittosa laevis;
Carcinonemertidae; Randallia ornata; egg predator
ID NEMERTEAN EGG PREDATORS; N-SP NEMERTEA; DECAPODA; HOST; CRUSTACEA;
ABUNDANCE; BRAZIL
AB Two new species of Carcinonemertes are described from leucosiid crabs found in the northeast and southwest Pacific Ocean. Carcinonemertes kurisi sp. nov. is associated with Randallia ornata, a crab commonly found from northern California to Baja California, Mexico. Carcinonemertes tasmanica sp. nov. is associated with Dittosa laevis, a crab found on mudflats in Hobart, off Tasmania, Australia. These are the first descriptions of Carcinonemertes recorded from leucosiid hosts. The two new species are compared with each other and other species in the genus Carcinonemertes. Diagnostic features of both species include a short stylet and a unique, corkscrew-shaped sheath. Notes and comparisons on measurements, functional morphology, distribution on host, and behaviour were obtained by examining live worms and preserved specimens.
C1 [Sadeghian, Patricia S.] Santa Barbara Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Santa Barbara, CA USA.
[Santos, Cynthia] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Sadeghian, PS (reprint author), Santa Barbara Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Santa Barbara, CA USA.
EM psadeghian@sbnature2.org
NR 22
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0022-2933
J9 J NAT HIST
JI J. Nat. Hist.
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 37-40
BP 2395
EP 2409
AR PII 927271527
DI 10.1080/00222933.2010.505014
PG 15
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 654KW
UT WOS:000282168200010
ER
PT J
AU Crandall, FB
AF Crandall, Frank B.
TI A new family of the Hoplonemertea: Cinclidonemertes mooreae fam., gen.
et sp. nov. (Nemertea: Hoplonemertea)
SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cratenemertidae; Reptantia; Cinclidonemertes; cerebral organs;
rhynchocoel wall; pre-cerebral septum; ocelli
AB Recent morphological, cladistic and molecular phylogenetic studies suggest a strong relationship between Cratenemertidae and Reptantia. In contrast to other hoplonemerteans, these groups have complex cerebral organs located behind the pre-cerebral septum possessing both sensory and osac-typeo epithelial components in the canal structure and a robust single-layered rhynchocoel wall composed of interwoven circular and longitudinal muscle fibres. Four specimens collected by the US Antarctic Program, listed in an earlier cladistic study as oAntarctic Co, distinct from other Hoplonemertea and related to Cratenemertidae and Reptantia, are described herein as Cinclidonemertes mooreae fam., gen. et sp. nov. They have complex cerebral organs, with the same two types of canal epithelium, lying against the sides of the brain and extending below and behind it ventrally, a lattice-like rhynchocoel wall with partial interweaving, and four large shallow cup-shaped eyes with little pigment as opposed to the numerous heavily pigmented deep-cup ocelli of Cratenemertidae and Reptantia.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, US Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Crandall, FB (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, US Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012 MRC 163, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM crandalf@si.edu
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0022-2933
J9 J NAT HIST
JI J. Nat. Hist.
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 37-40
BP 2411
EP 2424
AR PII 927271671
DI 10.1080/00222933.2010.508567
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 654KW
UT WOS:000282168200011
ER
PT J
AU de la Uz, S
Anadon, N
Crandall, FB
AF de la Uz, Silvia
Anadon, Nuria
Crandall, Frank B.
TI Redescription of Valdivianemertes valdiviae (Burger, 1909) (Nemertea:
Hoplonemertea: Cratenemertidae) and designation of neotype
SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY
LA English
DT Article
DE Amphiporus valdiviae; Valdivianemertes valdiviae; Cratenemertidae;
Antarctic; Bellingshausen Sea
ID SYSTEMATICS; ANTARCTICA; ENOPLA; GENUS
AB A century ago Burger described the species Drepanophorus valdiviae from a single specimen taken from 155m off the southern tip of Africa by the research vessel Valdivia during the German Deep Sea Expedition. Stiasny-Wijnhoff in 1923 transferred this species along with Amphiporus stannii (sensu Burger 1895) to a new genus Valdivianemertes but did not mention a family affiliation. In 1993 Crandall transferred this genus to the family Cratenemertidae. During the Spanish Antarctic Expedition BENTART 2003, carried out on board the RV Hesperides, we found one specimen identified with certainty as Valdivianemertes valdiviae, at 602m depth in the Bellingshausen Sea (Antarctica). As there is no extant holotype, we here redescribe this species from this new specimen and designate it the neotype of this species; photomicrographs of the different regions of the body and the proboscis structure are provided for the first time.
C1 [de la Uz, Silvia] Ctr Expt Pesquera Castropol, Asturias, Spain.
[Anadon, Nuria] Univ Oviedo, Dept Biol Organismos & Sistemas Zool, Oviedo, Spain.
[Crandall, Frank B.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM nanadon@uniovi.es; crandalf@si.edu
OI Anadon-Alvarez, Maria Nuria/0000-0002-9928-0115
NR 29
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0022-2933
J9 J NAT HIST
JI J. Nat. Hist.
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 37-40
BP 2425
EP 2451
AR PII 927271823
DI 10.1080/00222933.2010.510251
PG 27
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 654KW
UT WOS:000282168200012
ER
PT J
AU Balunas, MJ
Linington, RG
Tidgewell, K
Fenner, AM
Urena, LD
Della Togna, G
Kyle, DE
Gerwick, WH
AF Balunas, Marcy J.
Linington, Roger G.
Tidgewell, Kevin
Fenner, Amanda M.
Urena, Luis-David
Della Togna, Gina
Kyle, Dennis E.
Gerwick, William H.
TI Dragonamide E, a Modified Linear Lipopeptide from Lyngbya majuscula with
Antileishmanial Activity
SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
LA English
DT Article
ID DRUG DISCOVERY; BARBAMIDE BIOSYNTHESIS; STRATEGIES; PEPTIDES
AB Tropical parasitic and infectious diseases, such as leislimaniasis, pose enormous global health threats, but are largely neglected in commercial drug discovery programs. However, the Panama International Cooperative Biodiversity Group (ICBG) has been working to identify novel treatments for malaria, Chagas' disease, and leishmaniasis through an investigation of plants and microorganisms from Panama. We have pursued activity-guided isolation from an extract of Lyngbya majuscula that was found to be active against leishmaniasis. A new modified linear peptide from the dragonamide series was isolated, dragonamide E (1). along with two known modified linear peptides, dragonamide A (2) and herbamide B (3). Dragonamides A and E and herbamide B exhibited antileishmanial activity with IC(50) values of 6.5, 5.1, and 5.9 mu M, respectively. Spectroscopic and stercochemical data for dragonamide E (1) and herbamide B (3; the spectroscopic and stereochemical data for this Substance is incomplete in the literature) are presented as well as comparisons of biological activity within the dragonamide compound family. Biosynthetic differences among marine compounds with a terminal free amide are also discussed.
C1 [Balunas, Marcy J.; Linington, Roger G.; Tidgewell, Kevin; Gerwick, William H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biotechnol & Biomed, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Balunas, Marcy J.; Linington, Roger G.; Tidgewell, Kevin; Gerwick, William H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Skaggs Sch Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Balunas, Marcy J.; Linington, Roger G.; Fenner, Amanda M.; Urena, Luis-David; Della Togna, Gina; Kyle, Dennis E.] Inst Invest Cient, Clayton, Panama.
[Balunas, Marcy J.; Linington, Roger G.; Fenner, Amanda M.; Urena, Luis-David; Della Togna, Gina; Kyle, Dennis E.] Serv Alta Tecnol, Clayton, Panama.
[Balunas, Marcy J.; Linington, Roger G.; Fenner, Amanda M.; Gerwick, William H.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ancon, Panama.
[Kyle, Dennis E.] Univ S Florida, Dept Global Hlth, Coll Publ Hlth, Tampa, FL 33612 USA.
RP Gerwick, WH (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biotechnol & Biomed, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM wgerwick@ucsd.edu
OI Linington, Roger/0000-0003-1818-4971; Tidgewell ,
Kevin/0000-0002-0501-2604
FU Fogarty International Center (FIC) International Cooperative
Biodiversity Group (ICBG) [ICBG U01 TW006634]; FIC International
Research Scientist Development Award (IRSDA) [K01 TW008002]; NIH [T32
CA009523]
FX This research was funded by a Fogarty International Center (FIC)
International Cooperative Biodiversity Group (ICBG) grant based in
Panama (ICBG U01 TW006634) and by an FIC International Research
Scientist Development Award (IRSDA) (K01 TW008002, P.I. M.J.B.). T. L.
Suyama provided assistance with the degradation of barbamide and chiral
analysis, and J. K. Nunnery assisted with collection of some physical
data. We are grateful to Panama's Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente (ANAM)
for providing access to biological samples in Panama. K.T. thanks the
Growth Regulation & Oncogenesis Training Program for a postdoctoral
fellowship (NIH T32 CA009523).
NR 23
TC 41
Z9 42
U1 1
U2 27
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0163-3864
J9 J NAT PROD
JI J. Nat. Prod.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 73
IS 1
BP 60
EP 66
DI 10.1021/np900622m
PG 7
WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 544JY
UT WOS:000273654000013
PM 20030365
ER
PT J
AU Bell, JA
AF Bell, Joshua A.
TI Sugar Plant Hunting by Airplane in New Guinea
SO JOURNAL OF PACIFIC HISTORY
LA English
DT Article
ID EXPLORATION; STORIES
AB Drawing on Chris Pinney's suggestion that images 'narrate a different story, one told, in part, in their own terms', I examine the 1929 silent 35-mm film Sugar Cane Hunting in New Guinea. Emerging out of a particular moment in the colonial history of the Territories of Papua and New Guinea, the film and the United States Department of Agriculture Sugar Expedition from which it arose, provide important but largely overlooked glimpses into the workings of colonial science, racial imaginaries and exploration. Examining this film helps restore it to the larger discussion of such events of the 1920s, but more importantly enables a discussion of the narratives constructed and elided by this artefact. Doing so complicates the Expedition's account and repositions the film as an important vehicle for recovering silences in the histories of colonial science, practice and encounter in New Guinea.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20018 USA.
RP Bell, JA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Dept Anthropol, NHB 112,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20018 USA.
EM bellja@si.edu
NR 89
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3344
J9 J PAC HIST
JI J. Pac. Hist.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 1
BP 37
EP 56
AR PII 922761154
DI 10.1080/00223344.2010.484166
PG 20
WC History
SC History
GA 606XC
UT WOS:000278461200003
ER
PT J
AU Zachos, LG
Levin, D
AF Zachos, Louis G.
Levin, Daniel
TI REDISCOVERY OF FIGURED PALEOGENE ECHINOID SPECIMENS FROM CLARK AND
MARTIN (1901)
SO JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Zachos, Louis G.; Levin, Daniel] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol MRC 121, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Zachos, LG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol MRC 121, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM lg_zachos@alumni.utexas.net; levind@si.edu
OI Zachos, Louis/0000-0001-7246-5008
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PALEONTOLOGICAL SOC INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0022-3360
J9 J PALEONTOL
JI J. Paleontol.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 84
IS 1
BP 148
EP 148
DI 10.1666/09-094.1
PG 1
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 545QY
UT WOS:000273752700013
ER
PT J
AU Wester, S
Zotz, G
AF Wester, Stefan
Zotz, Gerhard
TI Growth and survival of Tillandsia flexuosa on electrical cables in
Panama
SO JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bromeliaceae; mortality; nutrient limitation; Orchidaceae; RGR; vascular
epiphytes
ID HUMID MONTANE FOREST; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; WERAUHIA-SANGUINOLENTA;
EPIPHYTIC BROMELIADS; VASCULAR EPIPHYTES; ECOLOGY
C1 [Wester, Stefan; Zotz, Gerhard] Carl VonOssietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany.
[Zotz, Gerhard] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
RP Wester, S (reprint author), Carl VonOssietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, Box 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany.
EM stefan.wester@uni-oldenburg.de
NR 21
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 7
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0266-4674
J9 J TROP ECOL
JI J. Trop. Ecol.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 26
BP 123
EP 126
DI 10.1017/S0266467409990459
PG 4
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 537YB
UT WOS:000273149300013
ER
PT J
AU Hastings, AK
Bloch, JI
Cadena, EA
Jaramillo, CA
AF Hastings, Alexander K.
Bloch, Jonathan I.
Cadena, Edwin A.
Jaramillo, Carlos A.
TI A NEW SMALL SHORT-SNOUTED DYROSAURID (CROCODYLOMORPHA, MESOEUCROCODYLIA)
FROM THE PALEOCENE OF NORTHEASTERN COLOMBIA
SO JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHERN COLOMBIA; CERREJON FORMATION; CROCODYLIFORMES; MOROCCO; AFRICA;
VERTEBRATES; ARCHOSAURIA; ASSEMBLAGE; REVISION; SKELETON
AB The fossil record of dyrosaurid crocodyliforms spans the Late Cretaceous to Middle Eocene of Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, and South America. Prior to this study, specimens from South America have been limited to a few fossils with only two taxa diagnosed. We describe a nearly complete skull and unassociated mandible of a new dyrosaurid, Cerrejonisuchus improcerus gen. et sp. nov., from the Paleocene Cerrejon Formation of northeastern Colombia. The skull of C. improcerus has relatively elongate supratemporal fenestrae and well-developed occipital tuberosities, both diagnostic characteristics of Dyrosauridae. The rostrum of adult C. improcerus comprises 54-59% of the length of the skull, making it the shortest snout of any known dyrosaurid. A cladistic analysis using 82 cranial and mandibular characters for all species of Dyrosauridae known from crania yielded two most-parsimonious cladograms with C. improcerus as the sister taxon to a clade including Arambourgisuchus, Dyrosaurus, Hyposaurus, Congosaurus, Rhabdognathus, Atlantosuchus, and Guarinisuchus. Only Chenanisuchus, Sokotosuchus, and Phosphatosaurus, all known only from Africa, are more primitive within Dyrosauridae. Chenanisuchus from the Paleocene of Morocco, the only other known short-snouted dyrosaurid, is not closely related to C. improcerus and a short-snouted condition appears to have evolved independently at least twice within Dyrosauridae. Our analysis supports an African origin of Dyrosauridae with dispersals to the New World by the Late Cretaceous or earliest Paleocene. The presence of C. improcerus, together with undescribed taxa from the Cerrejon Formation, suggests a radiation of dyrosaurid crocodyliforms, possibly following the K-P boundary, in tropical South America.
C1 [Hastings, Alexander K.; Bloch, Jonathan I.; Cadena, Edwin A.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Jaramillo, Carlos A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Hastings, AK (reprint author), Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM akh@ufl.edu; jbloch@flmnh.ufl.edu; ecadena@ufl.edu; jaramilloc@si.edu
OI Bloch, Jonathan/0000-0003-1484-6931
FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0733725, DSGC 640179]; Smithsonian
Tropical Research Institute Paleobiology Fund; Geological Society of
America Graduate Student Research; Jerry Britt Jr. Paleobiology Award
(Florida Museum of Natural History); Cerrejon Coal mine
FX Funding for field work was made possible by the National Science
Foundation grants DEB-0733725 and DSGC 640179, the Smithsonian Tropical
Research Institute Paleobiology Fund, the Geological Society of America
Graduate Student Research Grant, the R. Jerry Britt Jr. Paleobiology
Award (Florida Museum of Natural History), and the Cerrejon Coal mine.
Many thanks to L. Teicher, F. Chavez, G. Hernandez, C. Montes, and the
rest of the crew at the Cerrejon coal mine for permission to study the
material, access to the site, and housing during field work. Thanks to
A. Rincon, F. Herrera, and M. Carvalho for field collecting. Thanks to
J. Nestler for her tireless efforts of research assistance, literature
translation, and photograph production. Thanks also to the efforts of K.
and N. Hastings for their assistance in literature translation. In
addition, thanks go to J. Nestler and J. Bourque for their revision
comments of the manuscript. Further thanks to C. Brochu for informative
conversations. Thanks to P. Lanzarone who produced initial sketches of
the specimens. Thanks also to the two reviewers of the manuscript for
their thorough and helpful revisionary comments. Continued thanks to W.
Joyce and S. Chester for access to and assistance with the collections
at YPM and to C. Mehling and J. Conrad for access to and assistance with
the collections at the AMNH.
NR 67
TC 21
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 4
PU SOC VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY
PI NORTHBROOK
PA 60 REVERE DR, STE 500, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062 USA
SN 0272-4634
J9 J VERTEBR PALEONTOL
JI J. Vertebr. Paleontol.
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 1
BP 139
EP 162
DI 10.1080/02724630903409204
PG 24
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 600PW
UT WOS:000278000400010
ER
PT J
AU Cadena, EA
Bloch, JI
Jaramillo, CA
AF Cadena, Edwin A.
Bloch, Jonathan I.
Jaramillo, Carlos A.
TI New Podocnemidid Turtle (Testudines: Pleurodira) from the Middle-Upper
Paleocene of South America
SO JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SIDE-NECKED TURTLE; NORTHEASTERN COLOMBIA; SOLIMOES FORMATION; CERREJON
FORMATION; MIOCENE; BRAZIL; ARARIPEMYDIDAE; PHYLOGENY
AB A new pleurodiran turtle, Cerrejonemys wayuunaiki, from the middle to upper Paleocene, Cerrejon Formation of Colombia, is described on the basis of a complete skull, lower jaw, partial carapace and plastron, two cervical vertebrae, a right coracoid, and both pelvic girdles. Cerrejonemys wayuunaiki shares a suite of diagnostic characteristics with Podocnemididae, including a fully developed, medially extensive cavum pterygoidei that is almost completely covered by the prolonged posterolateral flanges of the pterygoid, a posterior elongation of the secondary roofing of the skull composed of the parietal and the quadratojugal covering two-thirds or more of the cavum tympani, a dentary covered laterally by the surangular, and no contact between the exoccipital and quadrate. Cerrejonemys wayuunaiki is unique among podocnemidids in having ridges on the ventral margin of the dentary, dentaries that form an acute angle at the fused symphysis, and a relatively thick (up to 35 mm) carapace and plastron. Results from a cladistic analysis of panpodocnemidids indicate that C. wayuunaiki is the sister taxon of the genus Podocnemis, which ranges from the Miocene to Recent, implying that stem of Podocnemis spp. were inhabiting tropical South America early in the Paleogene.
C1 [Cadena, Edwin A.; Bloch, Jonathan I.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Cadena, Edwin A.; Jaramillo, Carlos A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Paleoecol & Archeol, Balboa 084303092, Ancona AA, Panama.
RP Cadena, EA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Dickinson Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM ecadena@ufl.edu; jbloch@flmnh.ufl.edu; JaramilloC@si.edu
OI Bloch, Jonathan/0000-0003-1484-6931
FU Smithsonian Paleobiology Endowment Fund; Florida Museum of Natural
History; National Science Foundation DEB-0733725; Fondo para la
Investigacion de Ciencia y Tecnologia Banco de la Republica de Colombia;
Unrestricted Endowments Smithsonian Institution Grants; Carbones del
Cerrejon LLC
FX Funding for this project came from the Smithsonian Paleobiology
Endowment Fund, the Florida Museum of Natural History, the National
Science Foundation grant DEB-0733725, the Florida Museum of Natural
History Miss Lucy Dickinson Fellowship, the Fondo para la Investigacion
de Ciencia y Tecnologia Banco de la Republica de Colombia, the
Unrestricted Endowments Smithsonian Institution Grants, and Carbones del
Cerrejon LLC. Thanks go to C. Montes and the Cerrejon geology team for
help with logistical support during fieldwork. For access to
collections, we thank J. Arenas (Ingeominas, Bogota, Colombia); Dr. F.
de Lapparent de Broin (Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris,
France); Dr. O. Castano and Dr. J. Lynch (Instituto de Ciencias
Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia); Dr. E.
Gaffney and C. Mehling (Fossil Amphibians, Reptiles, and Birds
Collections, Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural
History, New York, U. S. A.). For comments and improvement to the
manuscript, we thank J. Bourque, editor S. Modesto, and reviewers W.
Joyce and G. Oliveira. Special thanks go to F. Herrera, A. Hastings, A.
Rincon, S. Moron, L. Meza, I. Gutierrez, G. Bayona, C. Sanchez, T.
Gaona, S. Wing, D. Dilcher, and all other paleontologists and geologists
working in the Cerrejon project at the Colombian Petroleum Institute,
including H. Garcia who discovered the first vertebrate fossils from the
mine in 1994, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, and the Florida
Museum of Natural History. Thanks to R. Rueda and M. Gonzalez for their
continued support and source of inspiration.
NR 56
TC 22
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 9
PU SOC VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY
PI NORTHBROOK
PA 60 REVERE DR, STE 500, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062 USA
SN 0272-4634
J9 J VERTEBR PALEONTOL
JI J. Vertebr. Paleontol.
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 2
BP 367
EP 382
AR PII 920290417
DI 10.1080/02724631003621946
PG 16
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 600PX
UT WOS:000278000500006
ER
PT J
AU Sues, HD
Hopson, JA
AF Sues, Hans-Dieter
Hopson, James A.
TI Anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Boreogomphodon jeffersoni
(Cynodontia: Gomphodontia) from the Upper Triassic of Virginia
SO JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SANTA-MARIA FORMATION; TRAVERSODONTID CYNODONT; SOUTHERN BRAZIL;
CHANARES FORMATION; NORTH-CAROLINA; MADAGASCAR; EUCYNODONTIA; SYNAPSIDA;
FAUNA; SUL
AB We present a detailed account on the skeletal structure of the traversodont cynodont Boreogomphodon jeffersoni on the basis of a considerable quantity of excellently preserved craniodental remains and several referred postcranial bones from the Tomahawk Creek Member of the Vinita Formation (Upper Triassic: Carnian) of the Richmond basin (Newark Supergroup) in eastern Virginia. The small size, proportionately short snout and mandible, low number of molariform postcanine teeth, and presence of up to three sectorial postcanines all indicate that most of the specimens recovered to date represent immature individuals. The superbly preserved dental material permits detailed inferences regarding tooth replacement and dental function during ontogeny. Boreogomphodon differs from other known traversodont cynodonts primarily in the possession of lower molariform postcanine teeth with three rather than two anterior cusps in all but the smallest specimens, zygomatic arches that are bowed laterally at about mid-length, and pronounced, irregular sculpturing on the dorsal surface of the snout. Plesiomorphic features of traversodont cynodonts retained by Boreogomphodon include the position of the paracanine fossa anterolingual to the upper canine as well as the presence of a distinct central cusp and a posterior cingulum on the upper molariform postcanines. Phylogenetic analysis suggests the existence of a clade comprising Boreogomphodon plus two other taxa (Arctotraversodon and Nanogomphodon) in the Northern Hemisphere that is the sister group to most other known Middle and Late Triassic traversodonts from Gondwana.
C1 [Sues, Hans-Dieter] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Hopson, James A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Organismal Biol & Anat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Sues, HD (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, MRC 121,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM suesh@si.edu; jhopson@uchicago.edu
FU National Geographic Society [3592-88, 4232-89]; National Science
Foundation [NSF EAR-9016677, NSF EAR-9814475]; Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada; Charles Doolittle and Mary Vaux
Walcott Fund
FX H.-D.S. gratefully acknowledges Peter A. Kroehler (National Museum of
Natural History), Paul E. Olsen and Annika K. Johansson (Lamont-Doherty
Earth Observatory, Columbia University), Kenneth A. Pitt (Manassas,
Virginia), ShayMaria Silvestri (New Jersey State Office, NRCS/USDA), and
especially Elizabeth B. Sues for their expert help and cheerful
companionship in the field even under inclement conditions. He and Olsen
are indebted to the Hon. Vivian Watts, former Secretary of
Transportation for the Commonwealth of Virginia, and to Jack Adams for
permission to work on their respective properties. William W. Amaral
(Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University) and Diane Scott
(University of Toronto at Mississauga) prepared several specimens with
customary skill. Ann L. M. Davis (formerly Royal Ontario Museum) and
Peter A. Kroehler and Fred V. Grady (National Museum of Natural History)
assisted with processing for small vertebrate remains. We thank the
curators and collection managers of numerous museums for access to and
loans of comparative cynodont material. Diane Scott prepared the
drawings for Figs. 2, 3, 5, and 11 and Mary A. Parrish (National Museum
of Natural History) created the carbon-dust illustrations for Figs. 4
and 6. Scott Whittaker (National Museum of Natural History) and Dee
Breger (Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University) assisted
with SEM photography. Christian A. Sidor (University of Washington) and
two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on the manuscript. We
acknowledge financial support for fieldwork and laboratory research
through grants from the National Geographic Society (grants 3592-88 and
4232-89 to H.-D.S. and P. E. Olsen), National Science Foundation (NSF
EAR-9016677 to H.-D.S. and P. E. Olsen and NSF EAR-9814475 to P. E.
Olsen and H.-D.S.), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada (to H.-D.S.), and the Charles Doolittle and Mary Vaux Walcott
Fund (to H.-D.S.).
NR 64
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 7
PU SOC VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY
PI NORTHBROOK
PA 60 REVERE DR, STE 500, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062 USA
SN 0272-4634
J9 J VERTEBR PALEONTOL
JI J. Vertebr. Paleontol.
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 4
BP 1202
EP 1220
AR PII 924300094
DI 10.1080/02724634.2010.483545
PG 19
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 624SQ
UT WOS:000279841500017
ER
PT J
AU Reisz, RR
Evans, DC
Sues, HD
Scott, D
AF Reisz, Robert R.
Evans, David C.
Sues, Hans-Dieter
Scott, Diane
TI Embryonic skeletal anatomy of the sauropodomorph dinosaur Massospondylus
from the Lower Jurassic of South Africa
SO JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PROSAUROPOD DINOSAUR; CHINA; ELLIOT; SKULL; EGGS; EVOLUTION; LIZARD;
YUNNAN; YOUNG
AB Two embryonic skeletons preserved inside thin-shelled eggs of a partially preserved clutch from the Upper Elliot Formation (Lower Jurassic) of South Africa have been attributed to the sauropodomorph dinosaur Massospondylus carinatus. A virtually complete skeleton is exposed in right lateral view, with the slightly telescoped skull and several cervical vertebrae extending beyond the eggshell. A second, partial skeleton has a skull preserved in dorsal view. The embryos have proportionately very large skulls, with the broad skull table formed by wide parietals and frontals. The wide posterolateral wing of the frontal separates the postorbital from contact with the parietal. The embryos have short rather than elongated cervical vertebrae, with tall rather than low neural arches. The large forelimbs are only slightly shorter than the hind limbs, which suggests an obligatory quadrupedal posture for the hatchlings. This pattern may represent an ontogenetic constraint related to the large size of the head and horizontally oriented neck. Similarities between the embryonic and post-hatchling specimens include the slenderness of the lower jaw and slight ventral curvature of the symphyseal portion of the dentary, the large supraorbital process of the prefrontal, and the tall antorbital and infratemporal fenestrae. There are 10 cervical, 14 dorsal, and three sacral vertebrae. The large distal claw-bearing phalanx of manual digit 1 is longer than any other phalangeal element of either manus or pes. The embryos of Massospondylus carinatus represent the oldest dinosaurian embryos known to date.
C1 [Reisz, Robert R.; Scott, Diane] Univ Toronto, Dept Biol, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada.
[Evans, David C.] Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, ON M5S 2C6, Canada.
[Sues, Hans-Dieter] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Reisz, RR (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Biol, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada.
EM robert.reisz@utoronto.ca; davide@rom.on.ca; suesh@si.edu
FU National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National
Geographic Society; PAST (South Africa)
FX We would like to thank Professor Bruce Rubidge, Director of the Bernard
Price Institute for Palaeontological Research at University of the
Witwatersrand, and Drs. Michael Raath and Adam Yates for their great
assistance in this project. They have been generous with their time,
helping us with the loan of specimens, the logistics of mounting field
expeditions in South Africa, and their continued support over the years
to the senior author. We also thank the staff of the Golden Gate
Highlands National Park, in particular Mr. Johann Taljard, for their
enthusiastic support of our work in that park. Funding for this research
has come from the National Science and Engineering Research Council of
Canada, the National Geographic Society, and PAST (South Africa).
NR 35
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0272-4634
EI 1937-2809
J9 J VERTEBR PALEONTOL
JI J. Vertebr. Paleontol.
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 6
BP 1653
EP 1665
AR PII 929711731
DI 10.1080/02724634.2010.521604
PG 13
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 682PT
UT WOS:000284416200001
ER
PT B
AU Wilson, SA
Moore, JM
Howard, AD
Wilhelms, DE
AF Wilson, Sharon A.
Moore, Jeffrey M.
Howard, Alan D.
Wilhelms, Don E.
BE Cabrol, NA
Grin, EA
TI Evidence for ancient lakes in the Hellas region
SO LAKES ON MARS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID LOBATE DEBRIS APRONS; MARS ORBITER CAMERA; VALLEY FORMATION;
MARGARITIFER SINUS; VOLCANIC GEOLOGY; MARTIAN VOLCANOS; SUMMIT SNOWPACK;
THERMAL INERTIA; EVOLUTION; BASIN
C1 [Wilson, Sharon A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Moore, Jeffrey M.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Howard, Alan D.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
[Wilhelms, Don E.] US Geol Survey, Branch Astrogeol, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Wilson, SA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
OI Howard, Alan/0000-0002-5423-1600
NR 89
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-0-08-093162-3; 978-0-444-52854-4
PY 2010
BP 195
EP 222
DI 10.1016/B978-0-444-52854-4.00007-6
PG 28
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics;
Geology
GA BEM52
UT WOS:000317360100009
ER
PT J
AU Parker, TJ
Grant, JA
Franklin, BJ
AF Parker, Timothy J.
Grant, John A.
Franklin, Brenda J.
BE Cabrol, NA
Grin, EA
TI The northern plains: A Martian oceanic basin?
SO LAKES ON MARS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID COASTAL GEOMORPHOLOGY; SEDIMENTARY DEPOSITS; ANCIENT OCEANS; MARS;
MISSION; TESTS; WATER
C1 [Parker, Timothy J.; Franklin, Brenda J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Grant, John A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Parker, TJ (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
NR 20
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-0-08-093162-3
PY 2010
BP 249
EP 273
DI 10.1016/B978-0-444-52854-4.00009-X
PG 25
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics;
Geology
GA BEM52
UT WOS:000317360100011
ER
PT B
AU Grant, JA
Irwin, RP
Wilson, SA
AF Grant, John A.
Irwin, Rossman P., III
Wilson, Sharon A.
BE Cabrol, NA
Grin, EA
TI Aqueous depositional settings in Holden crater, Mars
SO LAKES ON MARS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID MARGARITIFER SINUS; IMPACT CRATER; EVOLUTION; CHANNELS; WATER; SCALE;
BASIN
C1 [Grant, John A.; Irwin, Rossman P., III; Wilson, Sharon A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Grant, JA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 49
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-0-08-093162-3; 978-0-444-52854-4
PY 2010
BP 323
EP 346
DI 10.1016/B978-0-444-52854-4.00012-X
PG 24
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics;
Geology
GA BEM52
UT WOS:000317360100014
ER
PT B
AU Hunter, L
Metevier, AJ
Seagroves, S
Kluger-Bell, B
Porter, J
Raschke, L
Jonsson, P
Shaw, J
Quan, TK
Montgomery, R
AF Hunter, Lisa
Metevier, Anne J.
Seagroves, Scott
Kluger-Bell, Barry
Porter, Jason
Raschke, Lynne
Jonsson, Patrik
Shaw, Jerome
Quan, Tiffani K.
Montgomery, Ryan
BE Hunter, L
Metevier, AJ
TI Cultivating Scientist- and Engineer-Educators 2010: The Evolving
Professional Development Program
SO LEARNING FROM INQUIRY IN PRACTICE
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Learning from Inquiry in Practice
CY JAN 16-17, 2010
CL Santa Cruz, CA
ID STANDARDS
AB The Professional Development Program (PDP) is at the heart of the education programs of the Institute for Scientist & Engineer Educators. The PDP was originally developed by the Center for Adaptive Optics, and since has been instrumental in developing and advancing a growing community of scientist- and engineer-educators. Participants come to the PDP early in their careers-most as graduate students-and they emerge as leaders who integrate research and education in their professional practice. The PDP engages participants in the innovative teaching and learning strategies of inquiry. Participants put new knowledge into action by designing inquiry activities and teaching their activities in undergraduate science and engineering laboratory settings. In addition to inquiry, members of the PDP community value and intentionally draw from diversity and equity studies and strategies, assessment strategies, education research, knowledge about effective education practices, and interdisciplinary dialogue. This paper describes the PDP, including goals, rationale, format, workshop sessions, outcomes from ten years, and future directions.
C1 [Hunter, Lisa; Metevier, Anne J.; Seagroves, Scott; Kluger-Bell, Barry; Quan, Tiffani K.; Montgomery, Ryan] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Scientist & Engineer Educators, Ctr Adapt Opt, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Hunter, Lisa; Metevier, Anne J.; Seagroves, Scott; Montgomery, Ryan] Univ Hawaii Inst Astron, Adv Technol Res Ctr, Akamai Workforce Initiat, Pukalani, HI 96768 USA.
[Hunter, Lisa] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Adapt Opt, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Porter, Jason] Univ Houston, Coll Optometry, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Raschke, Lynne] Coll St Scholast, Sch Sci, Duluth, MN 55811 USA.
[Jonsson, Patrik] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Comp, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Shaw, Jerome] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Educ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Quan, Tiffani K.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Mol Cell & Dev Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Hunter, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Scientist & Engineer Educators, Ctr Adapt Opt, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) Science and Technology Center program
through the Center for Adaptive Optics; University of California at
Santa Cruz (UCSC) [9876783]; NSF [0816754]; Air Force Office of
Scientific Research [0710699]; UCSC Institute for Scientist & Engineer
Educators; University of Hawaii
FX We thank ClaireMax, Director of the Center for Adaptive Optics, for her
support of the Professional Development Program. We thank Beth Reed and
Lani LeBron for their tireless, behind-the-scenes staff support of the
PDPs workshops, teaching venues, and other activities. We thank Doris
Ash and Candice Brown for their previous work on the PDP. This material
is based upon work supported by: the National Science Foundation (NSF)
Science and Technology Center program through the Center for Adaptive
Optics, managed by the University of California at Santa Cruz (UCSC)
under cooperative agreement AST#9876783; NSF AST#0836053; NSF
ST#0850532; NSF AST#0710699; NSF DUE#0816754; Air Force Office of
Scientific Research (via NSF AST#0710699); UCSC Institute for Scientist
& Engineer Educators; University of Hawaii. Any opinions, findings, and
conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of
the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funders.
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-752-0
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 436
BP 3
EP +
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education, Scientific Disciplines
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research
GA BUW98
UT WOS:000290548100001
ER
PT B
AU Hunter, L
Seagroves, S
Metevier, AJ
Kluger-Bell, B
Raschke, L
Jonsson, P
Porter, J
Brown, C
Roybal, G
Shaw, J
AF Hunter, Lisa
Seagroves, Scott
Metevier, Anne J.
Kluger-Bell, Barry
Raschke, Lynne
Jonsson, Patrik
Porter, Jason
Brown, Candice
Roybal, Gabriel
Shaw, Jerome
BE Hunter, L
Metevier, AJ
TI Diversity and Equity in the Lab: Preparing Scientists and Engineers for
Inclusive Teaching in Courses and Research Environments
SO LEARNING FROM INQUIRY IN PRACTICE
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Learning from Inquiry in Practice
CY JAN 16-17, 2010
CL Santa Cruz, CA
ID OF-THE-LITERATURE; STEREOTYPE THREAT; TEST-PERFORMANCE; SCIENCE;
IDENTITY; STUDENTS; ATTITUDES; LITERACY; TEACHERS; WOMEN
AB Despite high attrition rates in college-level science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) courses, with even higher rates for women and underrepresented minorities, not enough attention has been given to higher education STEM classroom practices that may limit the retention of students from diverse backgrounds. The Professional Development Program (PDP) has developed a range of professional development activities aimed at helping participants learn about diversity and equity issues, integrate inclusive teaching strategies into their own instructional units, and reflect on their own teaching practices. In the PDP, all participants develop and teach a STEM laboratory activity that enables their students to practice scientific inquiry processes as they gain an understanding of scientific concepts. In addition, they are asked to consider diversity and equity issues in their activity design and teaching. The PDP supports participants in this challenging endeavor by engaging them in activities that are aligned with a PDP-defined Diversity & Equity Focus Area that includes five emphases: I) Multiple ways to learn, communicate and succeed; 2) Learners' goals, interests, motivation, and values; 3) Beliefs and perceptions about ability to achieve; 4) Inclusive collaboration and equitable participation; 5) Social identification within STEM culture. We describe the PDP Diversity & Equity focus, the five emphases, and the supporting activities that have been designed and implemented within the PDP, as well as future directions for our diversity and equity efforts.
C1 [Hunter, Lisa; Seagroves, Scott; Metevier, Anne J.; Kluger-Bell, Barry; Roybal, Gabriel] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Adapt Opt, Inst Scientist & Engineer Educators, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Hunter, Lisa; Seagroves, Scott; Metevier, Anne J.] Univ Hawaii Inst Astron, Adv Technol Res Ctr, Akamai Workforce Initiat, Pukalani, HI 96768 USA.
[Hunter, Lisa] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Adapt Opt, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Raschke, Lynne] Coll St Scholast, Sch Sci, Duluth, MN 55811 USA.
[Jonsson, Patrik] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Porter, Jason] Univ Houston, Coll Optometry, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Roybal, Gabriel] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Mol Cell & Dev Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Shaw, Jerome] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Educ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Hunter, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Adapt Opt, Inst Scientist & Engineer Educators, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RI Duello, Theresa/P-5752-2015
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) Science and Technology Center program
through the Center for Adaptive Optics; University of California at
Santa Cruz (UCSC) [9876783]; NSF [0836053, 0850532, 0710699, 0816754];
Air Force Office of Scientific Research [0710699]; UCSC Institute for
Scientist & Engineer Educators; University of Hawai'i
FX This material is based upon work supported by: the National Science
Foundation (NSF) Science and Technology Center program through the
Center for Adaptive Optics, managed by the University of California at
Santa Cruz (UCSC) under cooperative agreement AST#9876783; NSF
AST#0836053; NSF AST#0850532; NSF AST#0710699; NSF DUE#0816754; Air
Force Office of Scientific Research (via NSF AST#0710699); UCSC
Institute for Scientist & Engineer Educators; University of Hawaii. Any
opinions, findings, and conclusions or ecommendations expressed in this
material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the
views of the funders.
NR 39
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 13
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-752-0
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 436
BP 50
EP +
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education, Scientific Disciplines
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research
GA BUW98
UT WOS:000290548100002
ER
PT B
AU Morzinski, K
Azucena, O
Downs, C
Favaloro, T
Park, J
U, V
AF Morzinski, Katie
Azucena, Oscar
Downs, Cooper
Favaloro, Tela
Park, Jung
U, Vivian
BE Hunter, L
Metevier, AJ
TI Circuit Design: An Inquiry Lab Activity at Maui Community College
SO LEARNING FROM INQUIRY IN PRACTICE
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Learning from Inquiry in Practice
CY JAN 16-17, 2010
CL Santa Cruz, CA
AB We present an inquiry lab activity on Circuit Design that was conducted in Fall 2009 with first-year community college students majoring in Electrical Engineering Technology. This inquiry emphasized the use of engineering process skills, including circuit assembly and problem solving, while learning technical content. Content goals of the inquiry emphasized understanding voltage dividers (Kirchoff's voltage law) and analysis and optimization of resistive networks (Thevenin equivalence). We assumed prior exposure to series and parallel circuits and Ohm's law (the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance) and designed the inquiry to develop these skills. The inquiry utilized selection of engineering challenges on a specific circuit (the Wheatstone Bridge) to realize these learning goals. Students generated questions and observations during the starters, which were categorized into four engineering challenges or design goals. The students formed teams and chose one challenge to focus on during the inquiry. We created a rubric for summative assessment which helped to clarify and solidify project goals while designing the inquiry and aided in formative assessment during the activity. After describing implementation, we compare and contrast engineering-oriented inquiry design as opposed to activities geared toward science learning.
C1 [Morzinski, Katie; Azucena, Oscar] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Adapt Opt, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Morzinski, Katie] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Azucena, Oscar; Favaloro, Tela] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Elect Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Downs, Cooper; U, Vivian] Univ Hawaii, Astron Inst, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Park, Jung] Univ Hawaii, Elect & Comp Engn Technol, Honolulu, HI 96732 USA.
[U, Vivian] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Morzinski, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Adapt Opt, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
OI Morzinski, Katie/0000-0002-1384-0063
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) Science and Technology Center program
through the Center for Adaptive Optics; University of California at
Santa Cruz (UCSC) [9876783]; NSF [0836053, 0850532, 0710699]; Air Force
Office of Scientific Research-NSF [0710699]; UCSC Institute for
Scientist & Engineer Educators; and the University of Hawaii.
FX Design team member Vivian U was not able to travel to Maui to teach the
lab, but she helped as much as the other team members (Figure 5) in
designing the inquiry. Lisa Hunter was an observer and design-team
consultant while atMCC, while Patrik Jonsson was a consultant at the PDP
workshop. UH-Maui professors Mark Hoffman (the classroom teacher hosting
this inquiry) and Elisabeth Reader provided advice and assistance. This
material is based upon work supported by: the National Science
Foundation (NSF) Science and Technology Center program through the
Center for Adaptive Optics, managed by the University of California at
Santa Cruz (UCSC) under cooperative agreement AST#9876783; NSF
AST#0836053; NSF AST#0850532; NSF AST#0710699; Air Force Office of
Scientific Research (via NSF AST#0710699); UCSC Institute for Scientist
& Engineer Educators; and the University of Hawaii.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-752-0
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 436
BP 295
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education, Scientific Disciplines
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research
GA BUW98
UT WOS:000290548100025
ER
PT B
AU Seagroves, S
Metevier, AJ
Hunter, L
Porter, J
Brown, C
Jonsson, P
Kluger-Bell, B
Raschke, L
AF Seagroves, Scott
Metevier, Anne J.
Hunter, Lisa
Porter, Jason
Brown, Candice
Jonsson, Patrik
Kluger-Bell, Barry
Raschke, Lynne
BE Hunter, L
Metevier, AJ
TI Designers' Perspectives on Effective Professional Development for
Scientist- and Engineer-Educators
SO LEARNING FROM INQUIRY IN PRACTICE
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Learning from Inquiry in Practice
CY JAN 16-17, 2010
CL Santa Cruz, CA
AB While preparing a formal description of the CfAO's Professional Development Program (PDP), some of the PDP's designers and instructors described its core values and unique aspects, for internal reference. However, these ideas are worth sharing, as they represent the insiders' perspectives on what makes the PDP successful. No single attribute described is completely unique to the PDP, but taken together these values and aspects combine and inter-relate to strengthen and distinguish the program. These attributes include: (1) the PDP's main participants, who are practicing scientists and engineers rather than pre-service teachers; (2) the importance of community among these participants; (3) the interdisciplinarity of the participants and the interdisciplinary nature of science/engineering education itself; (4) respect for education research and best practices; (5) a focus on diversity and equity in science/engineering education; (6) the university-level science/engineering lab (as opposed to the lecture) as a venue for innovation; (7) a focus on inquiry as an exemplar of effective science/engineering education; (8) an emphasis on being intentional with one's choices as an educator; (9) a cycle of experience-reflection-innovation-reflection; and (10) the agility of the PDP program and staff to nimbly try new ideas and/or respond to participants' needs. The authors believe that the PDP's unique combination of these values and aspects leads to such successes as high return-participation and over-subscription rates, and contributes to the program's success overall.
C1 [Seagroves, Scott; Metevier, Anne J.; Hunter, Lisa] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Scientist & Engineer Educators, Ctr Adapt Opt, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Seagroves, Scott; Metevier, Anne J.; Hunter, Lisa] Univ Hawaii, Astron Inst, Adv Technol Res Ctr, Akamai Workforce Initiat, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Hunter, Lisa] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Adapt Opt, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Porter, Jason] Univ Houston, Coll Optometry, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Jonsson, Patrik] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Raschke, Lynne] Coll St Scholastica, Sch Sci, Duluth, MN 55811 USA.
RP Seagroves, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Scientist & Engineer Educators, Ctr Adapt Opt, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-752-0
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 436
BP 535
EP +
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education, Scientific Disciplines
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research
GA BUW98
UT WOS:000290548100042
ER
PT B
AU Accomazzi, A
AF Accomazzi, Alberto
BE Isaksson, E
Lagerstrom, J
Holl, A
Bawdekar, N
TI Astronomy 3.0 Style
SO LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES IN ASTRONOMY VI: 21ST CENTURY ASTRONOMY
LIBRARIANSHIP, FROM NEW IDEAS TO ACTION
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Library and Information Services in Astronomy
CY FEB 14-17, 2010
CL Pune, INDIA
SP Allied Publishers, Informatics Ltd, Monitor Informat Serv, Springer Pvt Ltd, Universal Book Serv, Aryabhatta Res Inst Observ Sci, Bose Inst, Indian Inst Astrophys, InterUniversity Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Phys Res Lab, Raman Res Inst, Saha Inst Nucl Phys, S N Bose Natl Ctr Basic Sci, Tat Inst Fundamental Res
AB Over the next decade, we will witness the development of a new infrastructure in support of data-intensive scientific research, which includes Astronomy. This new networked environment will offer both challenges and opportunities to our community and has the potential to transform the way data are described, curated and preserved. Based on the lessons learned during the development and management of the ADS, a case is made for adopting the emerging technologies and practices of the Semantic Web to support the way Astronomy research will be conducted. Examples of how small, incremental steps can, in the aggregate, make a significant difference in the provision and repurposing of astronomical data are provided.
C1 [Accomazzi, Alberto] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 13
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-746-9
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 433
BP 273
EP 281
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
GA BUU28
UT WOS:000290361400043
ER
PT S
AU Wang, YY
Khardon, R
Protopapas, P
AF Wang, Yuyang
Khardon, Roni
Protopapas, Pavlos
BE Balcazar, JL
Bonchi, F
Gionis, A
Sebag, M
TI Shift-Invariant Grouped Multi-task Learning for Gaussian Processes
SO MACHINE LEARNING AND KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY IN DATABASES, PT III
SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of
Knowledge Discovery in Databases (ECML PKDD)
CY SEP 20-24, 2010
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP French Natl Inst Res Comp Sci & Control (INRIA), Pascal2 European Network Excellence, Nokia, Yahoo Labs, Google, KNIME, Aster data, Microsoft Res, HP, MODAP (Mobil, Data Min, & Privacy)
ID GRAVITATIONAL LENSING EXPERIMENT; MACHO PROJECT; STARS
AB Multi-task learning leverages shared information among data sets to improve the learning performance of individual tasks. The paper applies this framework for data where each task is a phase-shifted periodic time series. In particular, we develop a novel Bayesian nonparametric model capturing a mixture of Gaussian processes where each task is a sum of a group-specific function and a component capturing individual variation, in addition to each task being phase shifted. We develop an efficient em algorithm to learn the parameters of the model. As a special case we obtain the Gaussian mixture model and em algorithm for phased-shifted periodic time series. Experiments in regression, classification and class discovery demonstrate the performance of the proposed model using both synthetic data and real-world time series data from astrophysics. Our methods are particularly useful when the time series are sparsely and non-synchronously sampled.
C1 [Wang, Yuyang; Khardon, Roni] Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
[Protopapas, Pavlos] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Wang, YY (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
EM ywang02@cs.tufts.edu; roni@cs.tufts.edu; pprotopapas@cfa.harvard.edu
FU NSF [IIS-0803409]; FAS Research Computing Group at Harvard and the Tufts
Linux Research Cluster; Tufts UIT Research Computing
FX This research was partly supported by NSF grant IIS-0803409. The
experiments in this paper were performed on the Odyssey cluster
supported by the FAS Research Computing Group at Harvard and the Tufts
Linux Research Cluster supported by Tufts UIT Research Computing.
NR 29
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-15938-1
J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT
PY 2010
VL 6323
BP 418
EP 434
PG 17
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
SC Computer Science
GA BCV00
UT WOS:000311551800027
ER
PT J
AU Strong, EE
Glaubrecht, M
AF Strong, Ellen E.
Glaubrecht, Matthias
TI ANATOMY OF THE TIPHOBIINI FROM LAKE TANGANYIKA (CERITHIOIDEA,
PALUDOMIDAE)
SO MALACOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE freshwater; morphology; shell; alimentary system; reno-pericardial
system; nervous system; reproductive system
ID EAST-AFRICA; THALASSOID GASTROPODS; CONVERGENT EVOLUTION;
CAENOGASTROPODA; AFFINITY; ORIGIN; CONGO
AB The anatomy of five poorly known endemic species of paludomids - Bathanalia straeleni, Chytra kirkii, Limnotrochus thomsoni, Mysorelloides multisulcata, Paramelania iridescens - from Lake Tanganyika is described. This assemblage, currently united in the Tiphobiini, is loosely characterized by a more or less trochiform shell shape and a mostly oviparous life mode. However, only scant information on the anatomy is available in the literature. Despite significant conchological variability, anatomical investigations reveal overriding similarity in features of the alimentary system (radula, midgut), kidney, and reproductive anatomy. Bathanalia and Mysorelloides are found to share features of the ovipositor, esophagus and spermatophore bursa; Chytra and Limnotrochus share features of the salivary glands and spermatophore bursa. Paramelania remains a clear outlier in shell morphology, but shares several likely plesiomorphic features of the operculum, midgut and nervous system with Tiphobia. Unlike other morphologically distinct clades of Lake Tanganyika paludomids, no unique anatomical character was found that unambiguously unites the Tiphobiini.
C1 [Strong, Ellen E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Glaubrecht, Matthias] Museum Nat Kunde, Leibniz Inst Res Evolut & Biodivers, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.
RP Strong, EE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012,MRC 163, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM stronge@si.edu
OI Strong, Ellen/0000-0001-7181-4114
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [GIL 297/5-1]
FX We thank the following for their invaluable assistance with specimens
under their care: Ian Loch (AMS), Kathie Way (BMNH), Thomas Kristensen
(DBL), Jackie van Goethem (IRSNB), and Virginie Heros (MNHN). We are
grateful to Heinz H. Buscher (Basel) and Anthony Wilson (Zurich) who
collected some of the alcohol preserved material used in this study. We
are indebted to Marilyn Schotte (USNM) for inking the anatomical
drawings. This study was funded in part by a grant of the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft to MG (GIL 297/5-1).
NR 33
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU INST MALACOL
PI ANN ARBOR
PA 2415 SOUTH CIRCLE DR, ANN ARBOR, MI 48103 USA
SN 0076-2997
J9 MALACOLOGIA
JI Malacologia
PY 2010
VL 52
IS 1
BP 115
EP 153
DI 10.4002/040.052.0108
PG 39
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 551JD
UT WOS:000274203100008
ER
PT J
AU Hondorp, DW
Breitburg, DL
Davias, LA
AF Hondorp, Darryl W.
Breitburg, Denise L.
Davias, Lori A.
TI Eutrophication and Fisheries: Separating the Effects of Nitrogen Loads
and Hypoxia on the Pelagic-to-Demersal Ratio and Other Measures of
Landings Composition
SO MARINE AND COASTAL FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
AB Building on previous analyses suggesting that the composition of fishery landings reflects the effects of eutrophication on mobile fish and benthos, we examined landings composition in relation to nitrogen loading and the spatial extent of hypoxia in a cross-system comparison of 22 ecosystems. We hypothesized that explicit consideration of both N and hypoxia is important because nutrient enrichment has been shown to have contrasting direct and indirect effects on fisheries. Consistent with this premise, patterns in landings composition differed with respect to N load and the spatial extent of hypoxia. For example, the ratios of pelagic to benthic and demersal biomass in fishery landings (P/D) exhibited a decreasing trend across ecosystems with progressively higher N but were significantly and positively correlated with the spatial extent of hypoxia. The P/D ratios were particularly high in systems with extensive and persistent hypoxia and particularly low in several estuaries where purse seining is prohibited or not used. In analyses that considered all systems, benthic and demersal landings did not decrease at high N as predicted by previous conceptual models, and the negative association with the spatial extent of hypoxia was statistically significant only when the Black Sea was included in the analysis. Landings of pelagic planktivores did not vary with the spatial extent of hypoxia but were positively related to N for all systems combined and for semi-enclosed seas. The trophic and size composition of fishery landings were not related to N or hypoxia, perhaps because landings of large, high-trophic-level species are more influenced by fishery exploitation or practices that mask the effects of water quality. Our results suggest that the response of fisheries to eutrophication differs from prevailing paradigms, which do not clearly distinguish between nutrient and hypoxia effects on fishery landings and do not consider the important influence of fishing practices and regulations on patterns in landings data.
C1 [Hondorp, Darryl W.; Breitburg, Denise L.; Davias, Lori A.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
RP Hondorp, DW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM dhondorp@usgs.gov
NR 57
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 26
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1942-5120
J9 MAR COAST FISH
JI Mar. Coast. Fish.
PY 2010
VL 2
IS 1
BP 339
EP 361
DI 10.1577/C09-020.1
PG 23
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA V20PW
UT WOS:000208152900025
ER
PT J
AU Ashton, GV
Burrows, MT
Willis, KJ
Cook, EJ
AF Ashton, Gail V.
Burrows, Michael T.
Willis, Kate J.
Cook, Elizabeth J.
TI Seasonal population dynamics of the non-native Caprella mutica
(Crustacea, Amphipoda) on the west coast of Scotland
SO MARINE AND FRESHWATER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE aquaculture; invasion biology
ID LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; MARINE ECOSYSTEM; SALMON
CAGES; COMMUNITY; GROWTH; DISTURBANCE; INVADER; SUCCESS; IMPACT
AB Information on the life history and population dynamics of non-native species is essential to understand the process of invasion and impacts on invaded ecosystems. The non-native marine caprellid amphipod Caprella mutica has successfully established populations on coastlines throughout the temperate northern hemisphere and in New Zealand in the southern hemisphere. The introduction mechanism has been surpassed and it is now important to understand its ecology and biology in non-native habitats. The seasonal population dynamics of C. mutica were investigated over 18 months at four sites with different levels of anthropogenic disturbance on the west coast of Scotland. Abundance of C. mutica fluctuated seasonally at all sites, peaking during June to October. The highest abundance recorded on a single mesh collector was 319 000 individuals m(-2) in August 2004 at one of the fish farms. Both seasonal and site-specific factors influenced the population dynamics of C. mutica. Both males and females were significantly larger and more abundant at the fish farm sites. Individuals displayed reproductive characteristics at a smaller size at the fish farm sites, indicating earlier maturity. The results suggest that anthropogenic disturbance and artificial resource enhancement contribute to the global establishment success of non-native C. mutica.
C1 [Ashton, Gail V.; Burrows, Michael T.; Willis, Kate J.; Cook, Elizabeth J.] Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Oban PA37 1QA, Argyll, Scotland.
[Ashton, Gail V.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA.
[Willis, Kate J.] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Christchurch, New Zealand.
RP Ashton, GV (reprint author), Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Oban PA37 1QA, Argyll, Scotland.
EM ashtong@si.edu
RI Burrows, Michael/D-9844-2013;
OI Burrows, Michael/0000-0003-4620-5899; Cottier-Cook, Elizabeth
/0000-0002-1466-6802
FU UK Natural Environmental Research Council [NER/S/A/2003/11899]; Esmee
Fairbairn Foundation [EN/04-0395]; British Ecological Society [2135]
FX The authors acknowledge assistance in various forms from R. Shucksmith,
K. Boos and staff of the National Scientific Diving Facility,
Dunstaffnage and Saulmore fish farms and Dunstaffnage marina. Thank you
also to Chris Woods (NIWA) for reviewing an earlier draft of this
manuscript. Funding was received from the UK Natural Environmental
Research Council (PhD studentship NER/S/A/2003/11899), Esmee Fairbairn
Foundation Marine Aliens project (Reference EN/04-0395) and British
Ecological Society Small Ecological Project Grant 2135. We would also
like to thank three anonymous reviewers and the associate editor for
their suggested improvements to the manuscript.
NR 77
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 10
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1323-1650
J9 MAR FRESHWATER RES
JI Mar. Freshw. Res.
PY 2010
VL 61
IS 5
BP 549
EP 559
DI 10.1071/MF09162
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 601ZK
UT WOS:000278107300006
ER
PT J
AU Cook, EJ
Shucksmith, R
Orr, H
Ashton, GV
Berge, J
AF Cook, Elizabeth J.
Shucksmith, Richard
Orr, Heather
Ashton, Gail V.
Berge, Jorgen
TI Fatty acid composition as a dietary indicator of the invasive caprellid,
Caprella mutica (Crustacea: Amphipoda)
SO MARINE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FEEDING ECOLOGY; HERBIVOROUS COPEPODS; TROPHIC MARKERS; ANTARCTIC KRILL;
SEA-URCHIN; COMMUNITY; PHYTOPLANKTON; DISPERSAL; ATLANTIC; SCHURIN
AB The invasive caprellid amphipod Caprella mutica is one of the most widely dispersed marine non-native species globally. Originating in sub-boreal north-east Asia, it has now been found in both the northern and the southern hemispheres. One potential reason why this species is such a successful invader is its ability to utilise a wide variety of food sources. The contribution of different food sources to the diet of C. mutica was estimated using fatty acids as biomarkers. Caprella mutica was collected from three field sites, including sea cages stocked with Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, shellfish longlines stocked with the blue mussel Mytilus edulis and mooring lines marking the Loch Linnhe Artificial Reef (> 2 km from caged finfish aquaculture), where established populations of this species are known to occur. In addition, the fatty acid compositions of C. mutica held in aquaria and either fed the microalga, Dunaliella tertiolecta, or the diatom, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, for a period of 21 days were investigated. The fatty acid composition of the diatom and the microalgal diets was also examined. The results showed that C. mutica contained high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly 20:5(n-3); other dominant fatty acids included 18:1(n-9), 22:6(n-3) and 16:0 (in decreasing order based on abundance). Significant differences in the fatty acid profiles between caprellids fed on the microalgae and the diatom diets and between C. mutica collected from the field sites were observed. These results provide evidence that lipid biomarkers can be successfully used to provide evidence of feeding strategy for C. mutica and that the flexibility observed in this strategy may play an important role in its invasion success.
C1 [Cook, Elizabeth J.; Shucksmith, Richard; Orr, Heather] Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Dunstaffnage Marine Lab, Oban PA37 1QA, Argyll, Scotland.
[Ashton, Gail V.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA.
[Berge, Jorgen] Univ Ctr Svalbard, UNIS, N-9171 Longyearbyen, Norway.
RP Cook, EJ (reprint author), Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Dunstaffnage Marine Lab, Oban PA37 1QA, Argyll, Scotland.
EM ejc@sams.ac.uk
RI Berge, Jorgen/B-8749-2008; Berge, Jorgen/E-7544-2015;
OI Berge, Jorgen/0000-0003-0900-5679; Berge, Jorgen/0000-0003-0900-5679;
Cottier-Cook, Elizabeth /0000-0002-1466-6802
FU Esmee Fairbarin Foundation; Natural Environment Research Council (NERC);
Scottish Funding Council; Highlands and Islands Enterprise; European
Regional Development Fund
FX We thank the staff of the NERC Scientific Dive Facility with all their
help. We also thank Karin Boos for her comments on the manuscript. This
research was funded by the Esmee Fairbarin Foundation Marine Aliens
Programme, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) OCEANS 2025, the
Scottish Funding Council, Highlands and Islands Enterprise and the
European Regional Development Fund, under the Addressing Research
Capacity ( in the Highlands and Islands) project.
NR 49
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0025-3162
J9 MAR BIOL
JI Mar. Biol.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 157
IS 1
BP 19
EP 27
DI 10.1007/s00227-009-1292-0
PG 9
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 533CW
UT WOS:000272801100003
ER
PT J
AU Budaeva, N
Fauchald, K
AF Budaeva, Nataliya
Fauchald, Kristian
TI Larval development of Mooreonuphis stigmatis (Treadwell, 1922)
(Polychaeta: Onuphidae) from the north-east Pacific
SO MARINE BIOLOGY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Chaetal progression; direct development; False Bay; juvenile
ID DIOPATRA; ANNELIDA
AB Development of Mooreonuphis stigmatis, one of the dominant polychaete species in the intertidal soft-bottom community in False Bay (San Juan Island, Washington, USA) has been studied from the 5-chaetiger stage to adult utilizing SEM techniques. Clearly lecithotrophic larvae develop inside the parental tubes until at least the 17-chaetiger stage. The earliest observed stage demonstrated reduced trochal ciliation. Description of development of various ciliated sensory organs is provided. Development of prostomial and peristomial appendages is similar to that found in other onuphid larvae. The chaetal progression pattern of larvae is described in detail and a unified terminology for larval and adult chaetae is suggested. Three major chaetal progression patterns in onuphids can be recognized. The phylogenetic status of some character states such as pseudocompound falciger dentition, origin of branchiae and subacicular hooks is discussed.
C1 [Budaeva, Nataliya] Russian Acad Sci, PP Shirshov Oceanol Inst, Moscow 117997, Russia.
[Fauchald, Kristian] Smithsonian Inst, NMNH, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Budaeva, N (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, PP Shirshov Oceanol Inst, Nakhimovsky Pr 36, Moscow 117997, Russia.
EM nbudaeva@mail.ru
FU Smithsonian Institution fellowship; Russian Foundation for Basic
Research [06-04-48764]; University of Washington
FX We are grateful to Svetlana Maslakova and George von Dassow and the
staff of the Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, for
help with collecting and preserving specimens for the SEM study. We
would like to thank Elena Vortcepneva from Moscow State University for
providing the fixation protocol. Also, we are grateful to Scott
Whittaker from the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian
Institution, for assistance with SEM. This work was supported by the
Smithsonian Institution fellowship program, the Russian Foundation for
Basic Research, grant 06-04-48764 and the tuition and course-related
expenses award, Comparative Embryology Course, Friday Harbor
Laboratories, University of Washington.
NR 38
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS
PI OSLO
PA KARL JOHANS GATE 5, NO-0154 OSLO, NORWAY
SN 1745-1000
EI 1745-1019
J9 MAR BIOL RES
JI Mar. Biol. Res.
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 1
BP 6
EP 24
DI 10.1080/17451000902932977
PG 19
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 553DG
UT WOS:000274344900002
ER
PT J
AU Mercier, A
Pawson, DL
Pawson, DJ
Hamel, JF
AF Mercier, Annie
Pawson, David L.
Pawson, Doris J.
Hamel, Jean-Francois
TI First record of the sea cucumber Trachythyone nina (Echinodermata:
Holothuroidea) in Canadian waters, with a redescription of the species
and notes on its distribution and biology
SO MARINE BIOLOGY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Deep sea; Dendrochirotida; Holothuroidea; Newfoundland and Labrador;
Arctic
AB The original and only description of the cucumariid holothurian species Trachythyone nina (Deichmann, 1930) is based on material collected near George's Bank, by the US Fish Commission Steamer Albatross 125 years ago. No additional material of this species has been formally reported ever since. We hereby record T. nina for the first time in Canadian waters, from several sites along the continental slope of Newfoundland and Labrador (43-55 degrees N) at depths of 1088-1308 m and from the Arctic (60 degrees N) at 590 m, as well as from two sites near the type locality at 132-155 m along the coast of New England. A more detailed and accurate description of the species is provided, along with notes on its ecology and distribution. This tiny (<= 15 mm long) gonochoric sea cucumber is usually associated with hard substrata, including deep-sea corals.
C1 [Mercier, Annie] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Ctr Ocean Sci, St John, NF A1C 5S7, Canada.
[Pawson, David L.; Pawson, Doris J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Hamel, Jean-Francois] SEVE, St Philips, NF, Canada.
RP Mercier, A (reprint author), Mem Univ Newfoundland, Ctr Ocean Sci, St John, NF A1C 5S7, Canada.
EM amercier@mun.ca
RI Mercier, Annie/B-4254-2012
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC);
Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI)
FX We would like to thank the crew of the CCGS Teleost and the staff of
Fisheries & Oceans, Canada (DFO) for their help. The assistance of V.
Wareham, E. Hynick (DFO, St. John's) and Tim Siferd (DFO, Central and
Arctic Region) was particularly appreciated. This research was partly
funded by grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada (NSERC) and the Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI)
to A. Mercier.
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS
PI OSLO
PA KARL JOHANS GATE 5, NO-0154 OSLO, NORWAY
SN 1745-1000
J9 MAR BIOL RES
JI Mar. Biol. Res.
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 3
BP 315
EP 320
DI 10.1080/17451000903233805
PG 6
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 593XL
UT WOS:000277496200009
ER
PT J
AU Osman, RW
Munguia, P
Zajac, RN
AF Osman, Richard W.
Munguia, Pablo
Zajac, Roman N.
TI Ecological thresholds in marine communities: theory, experiments and
management
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Thresholds; Resilience; Multiple stable states; Tipping points;
Management
ID MULTIPLE STABLE POINTS; REGIME SHIFTS; ECOSYSTEMS; STABILITY; STATES;
BIODIVERSITY; RESILIENCE; EXISTENCE
AB There is increasing interest in the resilience of marine and estuarine populations, communities and ecosystems, and their rapid change when stresses reach some threshold or tipping point. Current research on thresholds is altering our understanding of these systems, the processes by which they change, and our approach to their management and restoration. In this Theme Section conceptual, modeling, and empirical studies explore threshold dynamics in marine coastal systems in a variety of habitats and across different scales. The contributions provide a window on present research, highlight some of the issues being debated, and point to some of the potential applications of threshold dynamics to resource management issues.
C1 [Osman, Richard W.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
[Munguia, Pablo] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Marine Sci, Port Aransas, TX 78373 USA.
[Zajac, Roman N.] Univ New Haven, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, West Haven, CT 06516 USA.
RP Osman, RW (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
EM osmanr@si.edu
RI Munguia, Pablo/D-8653-2012;
OI Munguia, Pablo/0000-0002-9900-2123
NR 40
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 33
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2010
VL 413
BP 185
EP 187
DI 10.3354/meps08765
PG 3
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 646TW
UT WOS:000281566900014
ER
PT J
AU Munguia, P
Osman, RW
Hamilton, J
Whitlatch, RB
Zajac, RN
AF Munguia, Pablo
Osman, Richard W.
Hamilton, John
Whitlatch, Robert B.
Zajac, Roman N.
TI Modeling of priority effects and species dominance in Long Island Sound
benthic communities
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Community threshold; Dispersal; Life history; Model
ID PEN SHELL COMMUNITIES; REGIME SHIFTS; MARINE-INVERTEBRATES; PATCH SIZE;
RECRUITMENT; POPULATION; ECOSYSTEMS; DIVERSITY; STATES; BIODIVERSITY
AB Spatially structured communities are common in many systems, including the marine benthos where sessile species compete for substrate. Which species colonizes a habitat first may determine species coexistence or dominance. The strength of this priority effect will vary as a function of the interaction between life history processes and disturbance events at different spatial and temporal scales. On a local scale, disturbance tends to open up space, allowing new propagules to arrive, while on a regional scale, it has the potential to reduce source populations and the colonization ability of dispersal-limited species. Differences in larval longevity will have a direct influence on dispersal distance, the relative timing of colonization, and the impact of priority effects, especially when interacting with different disturbance regimes. This study presents a modeling exercise to highlight this synergy and its implications for invasive species and ecosystem management. Four life histories were simulated, representing species from the 4 common community states of Long Island Sound, USA: resident bryozoans, invasive ascidians, mussels, and the ascidian Diplosoma listerianum that is restricted to years with abnormally warm winters. Brooding species took longer to exert dominance than broadcast spawners, but were more resilient to disturbance, having less local extinctions. Simulations showed that the combined effects of dispersal ability and disturbance could allow the maintenance of diversity on a regional scale regardless of the identity of locally dominant species. Priority effects are only present when the system experiences localized disturbance regimes, such as predation.
C1 [Munguia, Pablo; Osman, Richard W.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
[Munguia, Pablo] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Marine Sci, Port Aransas, TX 78373 USA.
[Hamilton, John; Whitlatch, Robert B.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
[Zajac, Roman N.] Univ New Haven, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, West Haven, CT USA.
RP Munguia, P (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
EM munguia@mail.utexas.edu
RI Munguia, Pablo/D-8653-2012;
OI Munguia, Pablo/0000-0002-9900-2123
FU EPA [R832448]
FX This research was funded through EPA (Grant no. R832448). Our ideas and
this paper were greatly improved by the comments and suggestions of
several anonymous reviewers.
NR 62
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 24
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2010
VL 413
BP 229
EP 240
DI 10.3354/meps08764
PG 12
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 646TW
UT WOS:000281566900018
ER
PT J
AU Osman, RW
Munguia, P
Whitlatch, RB
Zajac, RN
Hamilton, J
AF Osman, Richard W.
Munguia, Pablo
Whitlatch, Robert B.
Zajac, Roman N.
Hamilton, John
TI Thresholds and multiple community states in marine fouling communities:
integrating natural history with management strategies
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Threshold dynamics; Fouling community; Ascidians; Bryozoans; Mussels;
Climate change; Coastal development; Invasive species
ID ALTERNATIVE STABLE STATES; HABITAT DESTRUCTION; LARVAL DISPERSAL;
QUALITATIVE STABILITY; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; SPECIES INVASIONS;
MODEL-ECOSYSTEMS; DYNAMICS; RECRUITMENT; POPULATIONS
AB The epifaunal communities characteristic of the southern New England, USA, region between eastern Long Island Sound, CT, and Cape Cod, MA, comprise a complex system in which different mechanisms at certain threshold levels can cause the establishment of 4 distinct community states: (1) a diverse native community dominated by bryozoans and sponges most commonly found in open coast areas, (2) an invasive ascidian community characteristic of marinas and areas of coastal development, (3) a mussel-dominated community occurring after massive recruitment and (4) an ascidian community dominated by Diplosoma listerianum that occurs only in years following warm winters. Each of these states is fairly resilient, but the spatial extent and duration of each state can be highly variable. Transitions among the states occur if some set of threshold conditions are surpassed and reasonable predictions can be made based on knowledge of the natural history of the species within the system. Two sets of processes seem to control the resilience of each state and the thresholds beyond which a transition to a new state occurs: (1) fast and local processes such as within-population recruitment, predation or bioengineering by mussels and (2) slow regional processes such as climate change, coastal development or habitat restoration. Of these, coastal development and restoration efforts are under management control and could have large effects on these community states, in particular the native community. However, we may not be able to influence large-scale regional processes such as climate change that may favor non-native communities. Nevertheless, the different community states can be used as indicators of both local and regional management success and allow local management efforts to be put in the context of larger scale shifts in threshold conditions that affect regional community patterns.
C1 [Osman, Richard W.; Munguia, Pablo] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
[Whitlatch, Robert B.; Hamilton, John] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
[Zajac, Roman N.] Univ New Haven, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, West Haven, CT 06516 USA.
[Munguia, Pablo] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Marine Sci, Port Aransas, TX 78373 USA.
RP Osman, RW (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
EM osmanr@si.edu
RI Munguia, Pablo/D-8653-2012;
OI Munguia, Pablo/0000-0002-9900-2123
FU US Environmental Protection Agency [R832448, R833838, R830877]; National
Science Foundation; Connecticut Sea Grant
FX This research was supported by grants from the US Environmental
Protection Agency STAR Program (R832448, R833838 and R830877), the
National Science Foundation and Connecticut Sea Grant. We thank the many
students who provided tireless support over many, many years for
conducting the field and laboratory studies. We also thank the Dominion
Nuclear Environmental Laboratory for providing sea surface temperature
data collected at Millstone Point, Waterford, CT.
NR 68
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 25
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2010
VL 413
BP 277
EP 289
DI 10.3354/meps08673
PG 13
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 646TW
UT WOS:000281566900022
ER
PT J
AU Zabin, CJ
Obernolte, R
Mackie, JA
Gentry, J
Harris, L
Geller, J
AF Zabin, Chela J.
Obernolte, Rena
Mackie, Joshua A.
Gentry, Jackson
Harris, Leslie
Geller, Jonathan
TI A non-native bryozoan creates novel substrate on the mudflats in San
Francisco Bay
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Bryoliths; Bryozoans; Schizoporella; Habitat modification; Invasive
species; Facilitation
ID SCHIZOPORELLA-ERRATA; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; GROWTH-FORM; HABITAT;
COMMUNITIES; CALIFORNIA; AUSTRALIA; BRYOLITHS; PATTERNS; MUSSEL
AB A non-native bryozoan, Schizoporella errata, forms extensive patches of free-living balls and reef-like structures (bryoliths) on the mudflats in south San Francisco Bay, California. The ball-like bryoliths range from 2 to 20 cm in diameter, and the reef-like structures can be nearly 1 m across. While S. errata is known to form bryoliths in other locations, free-living aggregations like these have not been reported. Colony morphology appears to be a plastic trait as analysis of relationships among forms using cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) nucleotide sequence data revealed no genetic separation. We recorded >50 species of algae and invertebrates living on and in the bryoliths and determined the invasion status for 34 of the 50 species. Of the 34, 25 (74%) were non-natives and included fouling species that require hard substrate. The bryoliths may thus facilitate colonization by invaders on the mudflats and serve as stepping stones between the limited hard substrate habitats in the Bay.
C1 [Zabin, Chela J.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Tiburon, CA 94965 USA.
[Zabin, Chela J.; Obernolte, Rena] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Mackie, Joshua A.] San Jose State Univ, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
[Gentry, Jackson] Inst Marine Sci, Redwood City, CA 94063 USA.
[Harris, Leslie] Nat Hist Museum Los Angeles Cty, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA.
[Geller, Jonathan] Moss Landing Marine Labs, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
RP Zabin, CJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 3152 Paradise Dr, Tiburon, CA 94965 USA.
EM zabinc@si.edu
NR 43
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 10
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2010
VL 412
BP 129
EP 139
DI 10.3354/meps08664
PG 11
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 646TM
UT WOS:000281565900011
ER
PT J
AU Collin, R
AF Collin, Rachel
TI Repeatability of egg size in two marine gastropods: brood order and
female size do not contribute to intraspecific variation
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Crepidula; Direct development; Phenotypic plasticity; Bet-hedging
ID OFFSPRING SIZE; HATCHING SIZE; PROGENY SIZE; CALYPTRAEIDAE;
REPRODUCTION; VARIABILITY; PLASTICITY; QUALITY; AGE; INVERTEBRATES
AB Egg size has been shown to vary among females in many species of marine invertebrates and fishes. Usually, however, only a single reproductive event is measured for each female, leaving open the possibility that egg size could vary significantly among broods from the same female. Here I measured egg size from 3 to 7 broods per female from 2 calyptraeid species, Crepidula atrasolea and C. ustulatulina, in 2 experiments. In a preliminary experiment, females were raised from hatching under constant temperature in incubators; in a second larger experiment, they were raised under varying temperatures on the laboratory bench top. Under both conditions, there were significant differences in egg size among broods from each female, as well as significant differences among females from the bench top. Estimates of repeatability, which give an upper boundary on the heritability of a trait, were significantly reduced when among brood variation was included in the calculations, suggesting that caution should be used in interpreting among-female components of variation in studies that measure only a single brood per female. Egg size was not related to female size, and there was an effect of brood order on egg size in only C. ustulatulina from the bench top. Eggs produced in the incubators were larger than those from the bench top and they were more variable within broods, resulting in a lower repeatability of egg size from incubator animals than from bench top animals. The significant variation in egg size at all levels of the analysis suggests that such variation should be included in models of egg size evolution, and that the evolutionary dynamics of egg size may be more complicated than reflected in current models of life-history evolution.
C1 [Collin, Rachel] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Collin, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Unit 0948, APO, AA 34002 USA.
EM collinr@si.edu
RI Collin, Rachel/G-2001-2010
FU Smithsonian Institution's Marine Science Network; Hunterdon and Johnson
Funds
FX This study could not have been completed without the help of M. Salazar,
M. F. Vinasco, E. Diaz and M. Lobato, who assisted in animal care. I
thank R. Thacker, K. McDonald, D. Marshall, D. R. Robertson and 3
anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript. Financial
support was provided by the Smithsonian Institution's Marine Science
Network, Scholarly Studies Program, and Hunterdon and Johnson Funds.
This is Smithsonian Marine Station in Fort Pierce contribution #813.
NR 38
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2010
VL 410
BP 89
EP 96
DI 10.3354/meps08638
PG 8
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 636UG
UT WOS:000280768000007
ER
PT J
AU Doblin, MA
Murphy, KR
Ruiz, GM
AF Doblin, Martina A.
Murphy, Kathleen R.
Ruiz, Gregory M.
TI Thresholds for tracing ships' ballast water: an Australian case study
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Ballast water; CDOM; Trace elements; Biological invasions; Ballast
management
ID ORGANIC-MATTER; FLUORESCENCE; EXCHANGE; VERIFICATION; ESTUARY; HARBOR;
ABSORPTION; SEAWATER; ELEMENTS; TRACERS
AB To limit the spread of non-indigenous marine species, ships can be legally required to conduct ballast water exchange (BWE) prior to discharging ballast water. It has been proposed to verify BWE by measuring concentrations of coastal tracers in ballast tanks, which should track their removal. Using 3 Australian ports as case studies (Port Botany, Port Curtis and Port Phillip Bay), each representing a different BWE verification difficulty level, the spatial and temporal variability of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and 3 trace elements (manganese [Mn], barium [Ba] and phosphorus [P]), were measured to assess their utility as tracers of coastal (unexchanged) ballast water. CDOM fluorescence at lambda(ex)/lambda(em) = 320/414 nm (C2*) and 370/494 nm (C3*) and Mn concentrations were significantly higher in ports than in the adjacent Tasman Sea, except near port entrances and at a few sites in Port Botany. Ba concentrations demonstrated the least power to discriminate coastal sources, but P easily discriminated water from mesotrophic Port Phillip Bay. In general, tracers showed greater variation between and within ports, rather than between seasons. Conservative BWE thresholds were calculated to be 1.6 quinine sulphate equivalents for C2*, 0.9 quinine sulphate equivalents for C3*, 1.4 mu g l(-1) for Mn and 6.9 mu g l(-1) for Ba. Overall, these thresholds would allow water sourced from eastern Australian ports to be identified as coastal at 92%, 69% and 74% of sites examined using C3*, Mn and Ba, respectively, requiring 71 +/- 26%, 54 +/- 40% and 59 +/- 38% replacement with mid-ocean water to be within ocean baseline concentration ranges.
C1 [Doblin, Martina A.] Univ Technol Sydney, Fac Sci, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
[Murphy, Kathleen R.; Ruiz, Gregory M.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
[Murphy, Kathleen R.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, UNSW Water Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
RP Doblin, MA (reprint author), Univ Technol Sydney, Fac Sci, POB 123 Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
EM martina.doblin@uts.edu.au
RI Murphy, Kathleen/B-8217-2009; Doblin, Martina/E-8719-2013;
OI Murphy, Kathleen/0000-0001-5715-3604; Doblin,
Martina/0000-0001-8750-3433; Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X
FU Biosecurity New Zealand
FX We sincerely thank P. Jones, R. Watson, N. Biggins, A. Davis, and J.
Clark for assistance with field operations. We acknowledge P. Field of
Rutgers Inorganic Analytical Laboratory, Rutgers University, for trace
element analyses, and D. Sparks, G. Smith, A. Arnwine, T. Mullady, J.
Boehme and R. Hartman of SERC for CDOM analyses. Technical support for
the project was provided by SERC and by J. Iles at UTS. Thanks to M.
Noble for preparing site maps, to L. Jones and N. Parker at Biosecurity
New Zealand for administrative support and to H. Cribb, P. Fisher, T.
Glasby, K. Hayes and A. Morton for help with sourcing port salinity
data. This work was funded by Biosecurity New Zealand and is SIMS
contribution no. 0037.
NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 9
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2010
VL 408
BP 19
EP 32
DI 10.3354/meps08599
PG 14
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 613KT
UT WOS:000278978800004
ER
PT J
AU Hultgren, KM
Duffy, JE
AF Hultgren, Kristin M.
Duffy, J. Emmett
TI Sponge host characteristics shape the community structure of their
shrimp associates
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Synalpheus; Sponge; Coral reef; Host use; Size; Harrison's rule
ID PARASITE SPECIES RICHNESS; BODY-SIZE; FLORAL SPECIALIZATION;
PHYLOGENETIC EVIDENCE; PLANT SPECIALIZATION; COMPARATIVE TESTS; DWELLING
SHRIMPS; METABOLIC-RATE; EVOLUTION; SYNALPHEUS
AB Both body size and habitat architecture have pervasive effects on the form, function, and interactions of organisms, and can play especially important roles in structuring intimate associations between host organisms and their obligate associates. In this study, we examined how body size is related to host use in a diverse clade of closely related snapping shrimp species (Synalpheus) that live in the interior canals of sponges. Using data from an extensive survey of sponge-dwelling Synalpheus from Jamaica, we tested how sponge morphology (interior canal size and individual sponge volume) was related to the identity and diversity of Synalpheus inhabitants. In cross-species comparisons, we found a strong positive correlation between Synalpheus species body size and sponge host canal size, using both raw species correlations and phylogenetic independent contrasts. Shrimp abundance increased with sponge volume in all sponge hosts tested, and species richness increased with volume in 2 host sponge species. Despite this evidence for a strong constraining influence of habitat architecture on shrimp communities, simulation studies demonstrated that shrimp used only a subset of appropriately sized sponges, indicating that size matching is not the sole determinant of sponge host use. Closely related sponges hosted more similar shrimp communities than unrelated sponges (despite moderate similarity in canal size between unrelated sponges), suggesting that additional genus-specific sponge traits also influence host use. Our study suggests multiple sponge traits likely limit Synalpheus host use, and has important implications for understanding how host use influences speciation of this diverse group.
C1 [Hultgren, Kristin M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 163, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Duffy, J. Emmett] Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Williamsburg, VA USA.
[Duffy, J. Emmett] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Williamsburg, VA USA.
RP Hultgren, KM (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 163, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM hultgrenk@si.edu
RI Hultgren, Kristin/F-6862-2011
FU National Geographic Society [8312-07]; Smithsonian Marine Science
Network
FX Financial support for this work was provided by the National Geographic
Society (Research and Exploration Grant no. 8312-07) and the Smithsonian
Marine Science Network. We thank the staff at the Discovery Bay Marine
Laboratory in Jamaica for facilitating our field research, and K.
Ruetzler for providing assistance in identifying sponges. We are
especially grateful to K. S. Macdonald for helping with research in the
field and identification of shrimp specimens. The manuscript was greatly
improved by the comments of several anonymous reviewers. This is VIMS
contribution no. 3081.
NR 70
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 12
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2010
VL 407
BP 1
EP 12
DI 10.3354/meps08609
PG 12
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 613KR
UT WOS:000278978600001
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, EG
Eggleston, DB
AF Johnson, Eric G.
Eggleston, David B.
TI Population density, survival and movement of blue crabs in estuarine
salt marsh nurseries
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Blue crab; Callinectes sapidus; Mark-recapture; Survival; Salt marsh
ID CALLINECTES-SAPIDUS RATHBUN; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE DATA; CHESAPEAKE-BAY;
ULTRASONIC TELEMETRY; DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS; STOCK ENHANCEMENT; MARKED
ANIMALS; NEKTON USE; SECONDARY DISPERSAL; DEPENDENT PREDATION
AB The importance of a broad suite of complex structured habitats as nurseries for estuarine fauna is well recognized. In contrast, recent evidence indicates the nursery value of salt marshes and contiguous unvegetated mud flats for blue crabs are underestimated. To assess the nursery value of salt marsh tidal creeks for the blue crab Callinectes sapidus in coastal North Carolina, USA, we quantified population density, survival and movement patterns of juvenile blue crabs in 2 tidal salt marsh creeks during summer and fall. Survival rates of blue crab juveniles were high (0.98 d(-1)) and similar in both creek systems. Juvenile crabs exhibited a high degree of site fidelity to a given marsh creek during summer-fall, suggesting that losses were predominantly due to mortality, not emigration. Our study provides critical information on the demographic processes underlying the importance of salt marshes as nurseries for estuarine-dependent species, and was novel in that it: (1) measured density, survival and emigration concurrently; and (2) enabled the identification of individuals, which allowed for the assessment of the relationship between blue crab size, survival and capture probability. We conclude that the observed patterns of abundance, survival and habitat utilization of blue crabs within tidal salt marsh creeks in North Carolina are consistent with the hypothesis that salt marsh creeks are important nurseries for blue crabs. Further, the relatively high use of the marsh surface by juvenile blue crabs, combined with a general lack of directed sampling within these complex habitats, suggests that crab densities may be even higher in salt marshes than previously thought.
C1 [Johnson, Eric G.; Eggleston, David B.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Johnson, EG (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
EM johnsoneg@si.edu
FU North Carolina Sea Grant Fishery Resource [99-FEG-10 and 00-FEG-11];
National Science Foundation [OCE-97-34472]; PADI foundation
FX We thank the many graduate and undergraduate students and technicians
for assistance in field and laboratory experiments. Special thanks to J.
Buckel, H. Johnson, G. T. Kellison, N. Reyns and S. Searcy for their
assistance in the field, and to C. Taylor and G. T. Kellison for
generating the map of study sites. We thank J. van Montfrans and the
Virginia Institute of Marine Science for access to the microwire tagging
equipment, and for providing technical training. We thank K. Pollock, J.
Hightower and T. Wolcott for statistical advice on capture-recapture
modeling as well as general comments and anonymous referees for their
constructive criticisms. Funding for this research was provided by the
North Carolina Sea Grant Fishery Resource Grant Program (99-FEG-10 and
00-FEG-11), the National Science Foundation (OCE-97-34472) to D.B.E. and
the PADI foundation to E.G.J.
NR 79
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 24
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2010
VL 407
BP 135
EP U150
DI 10.3354/meps08574
PG 17
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 613KR
UT WOS:000278978600011
ER
PT J
AU Kim, TW
Christy, JH
Rissanen, JR
Ribeiro, PD
Choe, JC
AF Kim, Tae Won
Christy, John H.
Rissanen, Jade R.
Ribeiro, Pablo D.
Choe, Jae C.
TI Effect of food addition on the reproductive intensity and timing of both
sexes of an intertidal crab
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Reproductive timing; Intertidal animal; Tidal rhythm; Food addition;
Fiddler crab
ID MALE FIDDLER-CRABS; SEMILUNAR COURTSHIP RHYTHM; UCA-LACTEA; ADAPTIVE
SIGNIFICANCE; HANDICAP PRINCIPLE; SEXUAL SELECTION; AVAILABILITY;
HYPOTHESIS; SUCCESS; QUALITY
AB Males and females of most animals time reproduction and synchronize their reproductive activity to maximize lifetime fitness. When food is abundant, however, the 2 sexes may time investments in reproduction differently due to sexual differences in how energy limits reproductive success. Many intertidal animals have reproductive cycles with semilunar or lunar periods timed to coincide with a certain phase of the tidal amplitude cycle when offspring survive best. Given an optimal time to breed, well-fed females may increase their investment in offspring but not change when they breed, while males may invest more both before and after the mating peak. We explored this possibility by feeding a mixed-sex population of the fiddler crab Uca terpsichores in field enclosures over 2 sequential trials of 1 mo each. Food addition increased male courtship intensity, particularly in the latter part of the semilunar reproductive cycles, but did not change the peak days of reproductive activity. Food addition had no consistent effects on female mate-searching intensity or reproductive timing during either month-long trial. These results suggest that female reproductive cycles and their timing do not result from semilunar variation in food. However, since females breed at most once a month, the trials may not have been of sufficient duration to reveal an effect of food on female reproductive investment. Previous studies suggest that semilunar variation in predation on larvae is the most important factor regulating reproductive timing by both sexes. Our results indicate that additional food also influences the schedule of male reproductive investment.
C1 [Kim, Tae Won] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Kim, Tae Won; Christy, John H.; Rissanen, Jade R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
[Ribeiro, Pablo D.] Univ Nacl Mar del Plata, Dept Biol, Mar Del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
[Ribeiro, Pablo D.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Choe, Jae C.] Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Life Sci, Seoul 120750, South Korea.
RP Kim, TW (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, 120 Oceanview Blvd, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
EM ktwon@stanford.edu
FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Naos Laboratories; Culebra
Nature Center; Korean Government (MOEHRD) [KRF-2006-351-C00044]; Hopkins
Marine Station of Stanford University; Ewha Womans University; Amore
Pacific Research and Cultural Foundation
FX We thank the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, the Naos
Laboratories, and the Culebra Nature Center for financial and logistical
support. We are also grateful to Sanha Kim, Byunghyuk Kim, June Lee, and
Taekeun Kim for discussion of the manuscript. T.W.K. was supported by a
short-term fellowship from STRI and by Korean Research Foundation Grants
funded by the Korean Government (MOEHRD) (KRF-2006-351-000044). T.W.K.
is also grateful to the Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University
for supporting him during the publication of this study. J.C.C. was
supported by a grant from Ewha Womans University. Thanks are also due to
the Amore Pacific Research and Cultural Foundation for financial
support.
NR 51
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 10
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2010
VL 401
BP 183
EP 194
DI 10.3354/meps08416
PG 12
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 574VF
UT WOS:000276021600015
ER
PT J
AU Robertson, DR
Smith-Vaniz, WF
AF Robertson, D. R.
Smith-Vaniz, W. F.
TI Use of clove oil in collecting coral reef fishes for research
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Clove oil; Anesthetic; Coral reef fishes; Collecting; Management
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; RESILIENCE; DISTURBANCE; RECOVERY; EFFICACY; IMPACTS;
RISK
AB Managers need accurate and relevant information about potential adverse environmental effects of scientific collecting when considering research proposals and permits. Clove oil has recently come into use in scientific fish-collecting. While several short-term experimental studies on clove oil's effects on corals have found negative effects, these were in response to heavier dosages than are typically used by researchers to collect fishes. Thus, the available evidence suggests that the small amounts of this oil that are normally applied during such collections rarely visibly stress corals. Experiments are needed to test for negative effects of actual scientific collecting with clove oil to clarify the real-world consequences of its use on coral survivorship, growth and reproduction at ecologically significant scales. When managers are assessing proposals for research that requires collecting fish, they should place the attendant environmental costs in perspective, and weight them against the relative value of the potential research results. Coral reefs occupy enormous areas of the tropics, and corals are also common in other habitats. Coral populations are often highly dynamic, possess strong powers of regeneration, and recover from repeated effects of temporary, large-scale natural events (hurricanes, floods, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis). The relatively small numbers of researchers collecting reef fishes with clove oil do so only intermittently, in areas of a few m(2) per project, and at sites that are widely dispersed throughout the tropics. Any negative effects of such tiny, brief, scattered collections are inconsequential relative to the effects of acute and chronic large-scale natural and human-induced stresses on coral populations, and to the regenerative capabilities of corals.
C1 [Robertson, D. R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
[Smith-Vaniz, W. F.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Robertson, DR (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
EM drr@stri.org
NR 31
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 9
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2010
VL 401
BP 295
EP 302
DI 10.3354/meps08374
PG 8
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 574VF
UT WOS:000276021600025
ER
PT J
AU Oremland, MS
Allen, BM
Clapham, PJ
Moore, MJ
Potter, C
Mead, JG
AF Oremland, Mollie Sue
Allen, Bernadette M.
Clapham, Phillip J.
Moore, Michael J.
Potter, Charley
Mead, James G.
TI Mandibular fractures in short-finned pilot whales, Globicephala
macrorhynchus
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE fracture; mandible; pilot whale; Globicephala macrorhynchus; stranding;
trauma; competition; injury; cetaceans
ID BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; HARBOR PORPOISES; VIOLENT INTERACTIONS;
NORTH-ATLANTIC; INFANTICIDE; AGGRESSION
AB P>This study's objective was to investigate mandibular fractures in 50 short-finned pilot whales, Globicephala macrorhynchus, from two mass strandings. Based on current theories that this species is sexually dimorphic and polygynous, hypotheses were: (1) males should suffer more frequent or more substantial mandibular fractures than should females, and (2) fracture occurrence should increase with male reproductive maturity and potential correlates of maturity, such as age and length. Fractures were described and correlated with physical characteristics to infer possible explanations for injuries. Mandibular fractures were surprisingly common in males and females, being found in more than half of the animals examined (27/50, or 54% overall; 17/36 or 47% of females and 10/14 or 71% of males). Length was the only correlate of fracture presence; the proportion of animals showing evidence of fracture increased with length. These results offer some support to initial hypotheses, but there must be another set of consequences that contribute to mandibular fractures in females. A combination of intra- and interspecific interactions and life history characteristics may be responsible for fractures. Further research from a larger sample of this and other cetacean species are suggested to help elucidate both the causes and implications of mandibular fractures.
C1 [Oremland, Mollie Sue] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Oremland, Mollie Sue; Allen, Bernadette M.; Potter, Charley; Mead, James G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Allen, Bernadette M.; Clapham, Phillip J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Moore, Michael J.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Oremland, MS (reprint author), Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
EM molliesue@gmail.com
RI Allen, Bernadette/C-4028-2012; Moore, Michael/E-1707-2015
OI Moore, Michael/0000-0003-3074-6631
NR 41
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 1
BP 1
EP 16
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2009.00334.x
PG 16
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 538EO
UT WOS:000273167300001
ER
PT J
AU Dunn, TL
Cressey, G
McSween, HY
McCoy, TJ
AF Dunn, Tasha L.
Cressey, Gordon
McSween, Harry Y., Jr.
McCoy, Timothy J.
TI Analysis of ordinary chondrites using powder X-ray diffraction: 1. Modal
mineral abundances
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID LL-GROUP CHONDRITES; MOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPY; METAMORPHISM;
QUANTIFICATION; CLASSIFICATION; METEORITES
AB Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used to quantify the modal abundances (in wt%) of 18 H, 17 L. and 13 LL unbrecciated ordinary chondrite falls, which represents the complete petrologic range of equilibrated ordinary chondrites (types 4 6). The XRD technique presents an effective alternative to traditional methods for determining modal abundances, such as optical point counting and electron microprobe phase (EM P) mapping. The majority of chondrite powders in this study were previously prepared for chemical characterization from 8 to 20 g of material, which is consistent with the suggested mass (10 e) necessary to provide representative sampling of ordinary chondrites. Olivine and low-Ca pyroxene are the most abundant phases present, comprising one-half to three-fourths of total abundances, while plagioclase, high-Ca pyroxene, troilite, and metal comprise the remaining XRD-measured mineralogy. Pigeonite may also be present in some samples, but it is fitted using a high-Ca pyroxene standard, so exact abundances cannot be measured directly using XRD. Comparison of XRD-measured abundances with calculated Cross. Iddings, Pirsson, Washington (CIPW) normative abundances indicates that systematic discrepancies exist between these two data sets, particularly in olivine and high-Ca pyroxene. This discrepancy is attributed to the absence of pigeonite as a possible phase in the CIPW normative mineralogy. Oxides associated with pigeonite are improperly allocated, resulting in overestimated normative olivine abundances and underestimated normative high-Ca pyroxene abundances. This suggests that the CIPW norm is poorly suited for determining mineralogical modal abundances of ordinary chondrites.
C1 [Dunn, Tasha L.; McSween, Harry Y., Jr.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Planetary Geosci Inst, Knoxville, TN 37920 USA.
[Cressey, Gordon] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Mineral, London SW7 5BD, England.
[McCoy, Timothy J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Dunn, TL (reprint author), Illinois State Univ, Dept Geog Geol, Normal, IL 61761 USA.
EM tldunn@ilstu.edu
FU NASA [NNG06GG36G]
FX We would like to thank the Mineralogy Department at the Natural History
Museum in London for the use of their facilities and for providing
samples. The authors also thank the Smithsonian Institution for
providing thin sections and powders of the majority of samples examined
in this study. The authors are also grateful to Rhian Jones, Alex
Ruzicka, and Adrian Brearley for their comments and suggestions. which
have greatly improved this manuscript. This work was supported by NASA
through cosmochemistry grant NNG06GG36G to H. Y. M.
NR 22
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1086-9379
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 1
BP 123
EP 134
DI 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2009.01011.x
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 591TE
UT WOS:000277326500011
ER
PT J
AU Dunn, TL
McSween, HY
McCoy, TJ
Cressey, G
AF Dunn, Tasha L.
McSween, Harry Y., Jr.
McCoy, Timothy J.
Cressey, Gordon
TI Analysis of ordinary chondrites using powder X-ray diffraction: 2.
Applications to ordinary chondrite parent-body processes
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID UNEQUILIBRATED ORDINARY CHONDRITES; TYPE-3 ORDINARY CHONDRITES; LL-GROUP
CHONDRITES; THERMAL HISTORY; SOLAR NEBULA; MOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPY; MODAL
MINERALOGY; OXYGEN-ISOTOPE; METAMORPHISM; METEORITES
AB We evaluate the chemical and physical conditions of metamorphism in ordinary chondrite parent bodies using X-ray diffraction (XRD)-measured modal mineral abundances and geochemical analyses of 48 type 4-6 ordinary chondrites. Several observations indicate that oxidation may have occurred during progressive metamorphism of equilibrated chondrites, including systematic changes with petrologic type in XRD-derived olivine and low-Ca pyroxene abundances, increasing ratios of MgO/(MgO + FeO) in olivine and pyroxene, mean Ni/Fe and Co/Fe ratios in bulk metal with increasing metamorphic grade, and linear Fe addition trends in molar Fe/Mn and Fe/Mg plots. An aqueous fluid. likely incorporated as hydrous silicates and distributed homogeneously throughout the parent body, was responsible for oxidation. Based on mass balance calculations, a minimum of 0.3-0.4 wt% H(2)O reacted with metal to produce oxidized Fe. Prior to oxidation the parent body underwent a period of reduction, as evidenced by the unequilibrated chondrites. Unlike olivine and pyroxene, average plagioclase abundances do not show any systematic changes with increasing petrologic type. Based on this observation and a comparison of modal and normative plagioclase abundances, we suggest that plagioclase completely crystallized from glass by type 4 temperature conditions in the H and L chondrites and by type 5 in the LL chondrites. Because the validity of using the plagioclase thermometer to determine peak temperatures rests on the assumption that plagioclase continued to crystallize through type 6 conditions, we suggest that temperatures calculated using pyroxene goethermometry provide more accurate estimates of the peak temperatures reached in ordinary chondrite parent bodies.
C1 [Dunn, Tasha L.; McSween, Harry Y., Jr.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Planetary Geosci Inst, Knoxville, TN 37920 USA.
[McCoy, Timothy J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Cressey, Gordon] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Mineral, London SW7 5BD, England.
RP Dunn, TL (reprint author), Illinois State Univ, Dept Geog Geol, Normal, IL 61761 USA.
EM tldunn@ilstu.edu
FU NASA [NNG06GG36G]
FX We thank the Mineralogy Department at the Natural History Museum in
London for the use of their facilities and for providing samples. Thanks
to the Smithsonian Institution for providing thin sections and powders
of the majority of samples examined in this study and to Allan Patchen
at the University of Tennessee for his guidance using the electron
microprobe. The authors also greatly appreciate the thoughtful comments
of reviewers Derek Sears, Alan Rubin, and Adrian Brearley. This work was
supported by NASA through Cosmochemistry grant NNG06GG36G to H. Y. M.
NR 59
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1086-9379
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 1
BP 135
EP 156
DI 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2009.01012.x
PG 22
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 591TE
UT WOS:000277326500012
ER
PT J
AU Hopkins, PF
Elvis, M
AF Hopkins, Philip F.
Elvis, Martin
TI Quasar feedback: more bang for your buck
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: active; galaxies: evolution; quasars: general; cosmology:
theory
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; RADIATION
MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS CODE; JET-INDUCED FEEDBACK; NARROW-LINE REGION; 2
SPACE DIMENSIONS; SOFT-X-RAY; INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION;
ACCRETION DISKS
AB We propose a 'two-stage' model for the effects of feedback from a bright quasar on the cold gas in a galaxy. It is difficult for winds or other forms of feedback from near the accretion disc to directly impact (let alone blow out of the galaxy) dense molecular clouds at similar to kpc. However, if such feedback can drive a weak wind or outflow in the hot, diffuse interstellar medium (a relatively 'easy' task), then in the wake of such an outflow passing over a cold cloud, a combination of instabilities and simple pressure gradients will drive the cloud material to effectively expand in the direction perpendicular to the incident outflow. This shredding/expansion (and the corresponding decrease in density) may alone be enough to substantially suppress star formation in the host. Moreover, such expansion, by even a relatively small factor, dramatically increases the effective cross-section of the cloud material and makes it much more susceptible to both ionization and momentum coupling from absorption of the incident quasar radiation field. We show that even a moderate effect of this nature can dramatically alter the ability of clouds at large radii to be fully ionized and driven into a secondary outflow by radiation pressure. Since the amount of momentum and volume which can be ionized by observed quasar radiation field is more than sufficient to affect the entire cold gas supply once it has been altered in this manner (and the 'initial' feedback need only initiate a moderate wind in the low-density hot gas), this reduces by an order of magnitude the required energy budget for feedback to affect a host galaxy. Instead of similar to 5 per cent of the radiated energy (similar to 100 per cent momentum) needed if the initial feedback must directly heat or 'blow out' the galactic gas, if only similar to 0.5 per cent of the luminosity (similar to 10 per cent momentum) can couple to drive the initial hot outflow, this mechanism could be efficient. This amounts to hot gas outflow rates from near the accretion disc of only similar to 5-10 per cent of the black hole accretion rate.
C1 [Hopkins, Philip F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Elvis, Martin] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Hopkins, PF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM phopkins@astro.berkeley.edu
FU Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science, University of California
Berkeley
FX We thank Lars Hernquist and Eliot Quataert for helpful discussions in
the development of this work, and thank Vincenzo Antonuccio-Delogu, Pat
Hall and Barry McKernan for helpful comments on an earlier draft. We
also appreciate the hospitality of the Aspen Center for Physics, where
this paper was partially developed. Support for PFH was provided by the
Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science, University of California
Berkeley.
NR 87
TC 144
Z9 144
U1 1
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD JAN 1
PY 2010
VL 401
IS 1
BP 7
EP 14
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15643.x
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 534AE
UT WOS:000272867100015
ER
PT J
AU Reig, P
Slowikowska, A
Zezas, A
Blay, P
AF Reig, P.
Slowikowska, A.
Zezas, A.
Blay, P.
TI Correlated optical/X-ray variability in the high-mass X-ray binary SAX
J2103.5+4545
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE binaries: close; stars: emission line; Be; stars: neutron; X-rays:
binaries
ID INTRINSIC COLOR INDEXES; TIMING-EXPLORER; PULSAR SAX-J2103.5+4545;
HIPPARCOS PARALLAXES; ACCRETING PULSAR; CYGNUS X-1; GX 339-4; STARS;
DISCOVERY; DISKS
AB SAX J2103.5+4545 is the Be/X-ray binary (BeX) with the shortest orbital period. It shows extended bright and faint X-ray states that last for a few hundred days. The main objective of this work is to investigate the relationship between the X-ray and optical variability and to characterize the spectral and timing properties of the bright and faint states. We have found a correlation between the spectral and temporal parameters that fit the energy and power spectra. Softer energy spectra correspond to softer power spectra. That is to say, when the energy spectrum is soft, the power at high frequencies is suppressed. We also present the results of our monitoring of the H alpha line of the optical counterpart since its discovery in 2003. There is a correlation between the strength and shape of the H alpha line, originated in the circumstellar envelope of the massive companion and the X-ray emission from the vicinity of the neutron star. H alpha emission, indicative of an equatorial disc around the B-type star, is detected whenever the source is bright in X-rays. When the disc is absent, the X-ray emission decreases significantly. The long-term variability of SAX J2103.5+4545 is characterized by fast episodes of disc loss and subsequent reformation. The time-scales for the loss and reformation of the disc (about 2 yr) are the fastest among BeXs.
C1 [Reig, P.; Slowikowska, A.; Zezas, A.] IESL, Fdn Res & Technol, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece.
[Reig, P.; Slowikowska, A.; Zezas, A.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece.
[Zezas, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Blay, P.] Univ Valencia, Image Proc Lab, Paterna Valencia 46071, Spain.
RP Reig, P (reprint author), IESL, Fdn Res & Technol, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece.
EM pau@physics.uoc.gr
RI Reig, Pablo/A-1198-2014; Zezas, Andreas/C-7543-2011
OI Reig, Pablo/0000-0002-6446-3050; Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X
FU European Union Marie Curie [MTKD-CT-2006-039965]; EU FP7 'Capacities'
[206469]; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education
[362/1/N-INTEGRAL]; CDS, Strasbourg, France; University of Crete;
Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas; Max-Planck Institut fur
Extraterrestrische Physik
FX We thank all the observers that helped obtain the optical spectra: P.
Berlind and M. Calkins from FLW observatory and A. Manousakis, M.
Lanzara, E. Beklen and E. Nespoli from the SKI observatory. This work
has been supported in part by the European Union Marie Curie grant
MTKD-CT-2006-039965 and EU FP7 'Capacities' GA No206469. A. Slowikowska
is partially supported by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher
Education project 362/1/N-INTEGRAL (2009-2012). This work has made use
of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services and of the
SIMBAD data base, operated at the CDS, Strasbourg, France. The ASM light
curve was obtained from the quick-look results provided by the RXTE/ASM
team. SWIFT/BAT transient monitor results provided by the SWIFT/BAT
team. SKI Observatory is a collaborative project of the University of
Crete, the Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas and the
Max-Planck Institut fur Extraterrestrische Physik.
NR 65
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD JAN 1
PY 2010
VL 401
IS 1
BP 55
EP 66
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15656.x
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 534AE
UT WOS:000272867100020
ER
PT J
AU Risaliti, G
Imanishi, M
Sani, E
AF Risaliti, G.
Imanishi, M.
Sani, E.
TI A quantitative determination of the AGN content in local ULIRGs through
L-band spectroscopy
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: active; galaxies: starburst; infrared: galaxies
ID ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; MU-M SPECTROSCOPY; ACTIVE GALACTIC
NUCLEUS; ENERGY-SOURCES; SAMPLE; SPECTRA
AB We present a quantitative estimate of the relative active galactic nucleus (AGN)/starburst content in a sample of 59 nearby (z < 0.15) infrared bright ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) taken from the 1-Jy sample, based on infrared L-band (3-4 mu m) spectra. By using diagnostic diagrams and a simple deconvolution model, we show that at least 60 per cent of local ULIRGs contain an active nucleus, but the AGN contribution to the bolometric luminosity is relevant only in similar to 15-20 per cent of the sources. Overall, ULIRGs appear to be powered by the starburst process, responsible for > 85 per cent of the observed infrared luminosity. The subsample of sources optically classified as low-ionization nuclear emission-line regions (LINERs; 31 objects) shows a similar AGN/starburst distribution as the whole sample, indicating a composite nature for this class of objects. We also show that a few ULIRGs, optically classified as starbursts, have L-band spectral features suggesting the presence of a buried AGN.
C1 [Risaliti, G.] INAF, Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
[Risaliti, G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Imanishi, M.] Natl Astron Observ, Tokyo 1818588, Japan.
[Sani, E.] Univ Firenze, Dipartimento Astron, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
RP Risaliti, G (reprint author), INAF, Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, Lgo E Fermi 5, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
EM risaliti@arcetri.astro.it
OI Risaliti, Guido/0000-0002-3556-977X
FU [ASI-INAF I/023/05/0]
FX We are grateful to the referee for his/her constructive comments which
significantly helped to improve this paper. This work has been partially
supported by contract ASI-INAF I/023/05/0.
NR 22
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD JAN 1
PY 2010
VL 401
IS 1
BP 197
EP 203
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15622.x
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 534AE
UT WOS:000272867100032
ER
PT J
AU Benson, RBJ
Carrano, MT
Brusatte, SL
AF Benson, Roger B. J.
Carrano, Matthew T.
Brusatte, Stephen L.
TI A new clade of archaic large-bodied predatory dinosaurs (Theropoda:
Allosauroidea) that survived to the latest Mesozoic
SO NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN
LA English
DT Article
DE Neovenatoridae; Megaraptora; Cretaceous; Gondwanan biogeography;
Dinosaur evolution
ID MEGARAPTOR-NAMUNHUAIQUII; PATAGONIA; EVOLUTION; PHYLOGENY; AUSTRALIA;
ARGENTINA; MAMMALS; CHINA; BIRDS; GEN.
AB Non-avian theropod dinosaurs attained large body sizes, monopolising terrestrial apex predator niches in the Jurassic-Cretaceous. From the Middle Jurassic onwards, Allosauroidea and Megalosauroidea comprised almost all large-bodied predators for 85 million years. Despite their enormous success, however, they are usually considered absent from terminal Cretaceous ecosystems, replaced by tyrannosaurids and abelisaurids. We demonstrate that the problematic allosauroids Aerosteon, Australovenator, Fukuiraptor and Neovenator form a previously unrecognised but ecologically diverse and globally distributed clade (Neovenatoridae, new clade) with the hitherto enigmatic theropods Chilantaisaurus, Megaraptor and the Maastrichtian Orkoraptor. This refutes the notion that allosauroid extinction pre-dated the end of the Mesozoic. Neovenatoridae includes a derived group (Megaraptora, new clade) that developed long, raptorial forelimbs, cursorial hind limbs, appendicular pneumaticity and small size, features acquired convergently in bird-line theropods. Neovenatorids thus occupied a 14-fold adult size range from 175 kg (Fukuiraptor) to approximately 2,500 kg (Chilantaisaurus). Recognition of this major allosauroid radiation has implications for Gondwanan paleobiogeography: The distribution of early Cretaceous allosauroids does not strongly support the vicariant hypothesis of southern dinosaur evolution or any particular continental breakup sequence or dispersal scenario. Instead, clades were nearly cosmopolitan in their early history, and later distributions are explained by sampling failure or local extinction.
C1 [Benson, Roger B. J.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, England.
[Carrano, Matthew T.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Brusatte, Stephen L.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Paleontol, New York, NY 10024 USA.
[Brusatte, Stephen L.] Columbia Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, New York, NY USA.
RP Benson, RBJ (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, England.
EM rbb27@cam.ac.uk
RI Benson, Roger/A-1252-2011; Carrano, Matthew/C-7601-2011;
OI Carrano, Matthew/0000-0003-2129-1612; Brusatte,
Stephen/0000-0001-7525-7319; Benson, Roger/0000-0001-8244-6177
FU NSF; Palaeontographical Society and the Jurassic Foundation
FX SLB is supported by an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship at Columbia
University. Specimen visits central to this study were funded by the
Palaeontographical Society and the Jurassic Foundation. We thank
numerous curators and researchers for access to specimens in their care,
primarily J. Calvo, S. Chapman, S. Hutt, R. Masek, P. C. Sereno and X.
Xu.
NR 39
TC 73
Z9 76
U1 2
U2 29
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0028-1042
EI 1432-1904
J9 NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN
JI Naturwissenschaften
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 97
IS 1
BP 71
EP 78
DI 10.1007/s00114-009-0614-x
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 534QL
UT WOS:000272912100008
PM 19826771
ER
PT J
AU Kanzaki, N
Giblin-Davis, RM
Herre, EA
Center, BJ
AF Kanzaki, Natsumi
Giblin-Davis, Robin M.
Herre, E. Allen
Center, Barbara J.
TI Redescription of two Panamanian nematodes, Parasitodiplogaster citrinema
Poinar & Herre, 1991 and P. popenema Poinar & Herre, 1991 (Nematoda:
Diplogastrina)
SO NEMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ficus citrifolia; Ficus popenoei; morphology; morphometrics;
redescription; syconia; taxonomy
ID FIG WASPS; AGAONIDAE; PARASITE; FICUS; DNA
AB Parasitodiplogaster citrinema and P. popenema were re-isolated from syconia of Ficus citrifolia and F. popenoei, respectively, from Barro Colorado Island, Panama, and are redescribed and figured herein. Both of these species were previously described as having a "well-developed stoma" and in the case of P. popenema with "stoma slightly longer than wide". Re-examination of fresh material revealed that they share characteristic stomatal morphology, i.e., relatively wide and tube-like stomas with newly observed thorn-like stegostomatal teeth. This is distinctive from the other described Parasitodiplogaster species, which either have a relatively short and narrow stoma with protuberant, claw-like, teeth or a simple cylinder. In addition to the characters of the male papillae arrangement and spicule and gubernaculum morphology, these two species are distinguished from each other by newly-observed lip morphology characters, viz., P. citrinema has three small setae on the outer surface of each lip sector whereas P. popenema has smooth lips. Both P. citrinema and P. popenema appear typologically closest to P. sycophilon, which has a relatively wide and open stoma and seven pairs of male genital papillae, but were distinguished from P. sycophilon by the presence of stegostomatal teeth and the arrangement of the genital papillae.
C1 [Kanzaki, Natsumi; Giblin-Davis, Robin M.; Center, Barbara J.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
[Kanzaki, Natsumi] Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Forest Pathol Lab, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058687, Japan.
[Herre, E. Allen] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
RP Kanzaki, N (reprint author), Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, 3205 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
EM nkanzaki@affrc.go.jp
RI Kanzaki, Natsumi/A-3864-2012
OI Kanzaki, Natsumi/0000-0001-8752-1674
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-0450537, DEB-0640807]; The
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
[21770094]
FX This study was supported in part by National Science Foundation (NSF)
Biotic Surveys and Inventories projects (DEB-0450537; DEB-0640807) and
Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B) (No. 21770094) from The Ministry
of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan. Special
thanks to Dr Annette Aiello for processing specimens for the collections
in Panama.
NR 13
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
PI LEIDEN
PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS
SN 1388-5545
J9 NEMATOLOGY
JI Nematology
PY 2010
VL 12
BP 89
EP 104
DI 10.1163/156854109X448366
PN 1
PG 16
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 577BW
UT WOS:000276196900006
ER
PT J
AU Kanzaki, N
Giblin-Davis, RM
Wcislo, WT
Zeng, YS
Ye, WM
Center, BJ
Esquivel, A
Thomas, WK
AF Kanzaki, Natsumi
Giblin-Davis, Robin M.
Wcislo, William T.
Zeng, Yongsan
Ye, Weimin
Center, Barbara J.
Esquivel, Alejandro
Thomas, W. Kelley
TI Acrostichus megaloptae n. sp (Nematoda: Diplogastridae), a phoretic
associate of Megalopta spp. (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) in Central America
SO NEMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE halictid bees; molecular; morphology; morphometrics; new species;
phylogeny; taxonomy
ID PARASITAPHELENCHIDAE; BEES; TURKEY
AB Adults of the dusk-flying and rotting wood-nesting bees Megalopta genalis and/or M. ecuadoria were collected at Barro Colorado Island, The Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (BCI, STRI), Panama and La Selva, Costa Rica, and examined for nematodes. Nematodes were recovered as dauer juveniles from the Dufour's gland of female bees and aedeagus of male bees. Adult nematodes isolated from M. genalis (BCI and La Selva) and M. ecuadoria (BCI) were successfully cultured and kept in the laboratory. All three populations were used for morphological observations and molecular analyses and were identified as a new species that is described herein as Acrostichus megaloptae n. sp. It is characterised by its stomatal morphology, possession of six triangular cuticle flaps covering stomatal opening, duplicated cheilo- and gymnostomatal walls, large dorsal tooth and sclerotised ventral stegostomatal ridges, female with vulval flap, male spicule and gubernaculum morphology, i.e., relatively straight spicule with oval-shaped manubrium, rounded flap-like rostrum and separated and strongly ventrally curved spicule with bifurcate tip, gubernaculum L-shaped in lateral view and anchor-shaped in ventral view, and filiform tail of both sexes. Sequences from the three A. megaloptae n. sp. geographical/host isolates were not significantly different and molecular phylogenetic analysis and biological and morphological comparisons place the new species close to A. halicti from Halictus ligatus and A. puri from Augochlora pura from North America, although the new species is distinguished from A. halicti and A. puri based upon its stomatal morphology of males and females, male spicule and gubernaculum morphology and female vulval structure.
C1 [Kanzaki, Natsumi; Giblin-Davis, Robin M.; Zeng, Yongsan; Ye, Weimin; Center, Barbara J.] Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, IFAS, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Kanzaki, Natsumi] Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Forest Pathol Lab, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058687, Japan.
[Wcislo, William T.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
[Ye, Weimin; Thomas, W. Kelley] Univ New Hampshire, Hubbard Ctr Genome Studies, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Esquivel, Alejandro] Univ Nacl, Escuela Ciencias Agr, Nematol Lab, Heredia, Costa Rica.
RP Kanzaki, N (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, IFAS, 3205 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
EM nkanzaki@affrc.go.jp
RI Kanzaki, Natsumi/A-3864-2012
OI Kanzaki, Natsumi/0000-0001-8752-1674
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB 0228692, DEB-0450537,
DEB-0640807]; USDA Special Grant in Tropical and Subtropical Agriculture
[CRSR-99-34135-8478]
FX This study was supported in part by the National Science Foundation
(NSF) Tree of Life project (DEB 0228692), NSF Biotic Surveys and
Inventories projects (DEB-0450537; DEB-0640807) and USDA Special Grant
in Tropical and Subtropical Agriculture CRSR-99-34135-8478. We thank the
Organization for Tropical Studies for access to La Selva for sampling;
National Commission on Biodiversity Management (CONAGEBIO) and
University of Costa Rica's Biodiversity Commission (UCR/BC) for granting
collecting permits (001-2005-OT-CONAGEBIO, UCR/BC-2006-2008) and
material transfer agreements for transfer of biological materials from
Maria de los Angeles Mora Lopez, holder of collecting permit. The Centro
de Investigacion en Biologia Celular y Molecular (CIBCM) at the
Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica. Universidad Nacional at Heredia and
Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica provided logistical and facilities
support in Costa Rica. We are grateful to Deedra McClearn and Zak Zahawi
for providing facilities at the La Selva Biological Station in Costa
Rica. We also thank Quinn McFrederick for providing his unpublished data
and Karen Kapheim, Adam Smith, Nicole DeCrappeo and Claudia Vanderbilt
for assistance with collecting and identifying bees at Barro Colorado
Island, Panama in 1997 and 2008. Special thanks to the support of the
faculty and staff at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute's Barro
Colorado Island Field Station and Annette Aiello for processing
specimens for the collections in Panama.
NR 15
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
PI LEIDEN
PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS
SN 1388-5545
J9 NEMATOLOGY
JI Nematology
PY 2010
VL 12
BP 453
EP 468
DI 10.1163/138855409X12559479585089
PN 3
PG 16
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 626XM
UT WOS:000280001600012
ER
PT J
AU Kanzaki, N
Giblin-Davis, RM
Herre, EA
Scheffrahn, RH
Center, BJ
AF Kanzaki, Natsumi
Giblin-Davis, Robin M.
Allen Herre, E.
Scheffrahn, Rudolf H.
Center, Barbara J.
TI Pseudaphelenchus vindai n. sp (Tylenchomorpha: Aphelenchoididae)
associated with termites (Termitidae) in Barro Colorado Island, Panama
SO NEMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE description; molecular; morphology; morphometrics; new species;
phylogeny; taxonomy; termites
ID SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE; NEMATODE DIVERSITY; RHABDITIDA; RHINOTERMITIDAE;
DIPLOGASTRIDAE; TYLENCHINA; ISOPTERA
AB In 2008, a field survey of termite-associated nematodes was conducted on Barro Colorado Island, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (BCI, STRI), Panama. During that survey, an undescribed Pseudaphelenchus species was isolated from three species of subterranean termites, Amitermes beaumonti, Microcerotennes exiguous and Obtusitermes panamae. The nematode is described and figured herein as P vindai n. sp. The new species is morphologically similar to its only congener, P yukiae, i.e., these two species share a thin stylet with small and clear basal knobs, a true bursa supported by three bursal limb-like genital papillae and a nerve ring surrounding the anterior clear region of the pharyngeal gland lobe and intestine. The molecular phylogenetic analysis based upon near full length (at 1.7 kb) SSU ribosomal DNA sequence suggested that the new species forms a well supported clade with P. yukiae, at the basal position of the family Aphelenchoididae. The new species is distinguished from P yukiae by possessing a clear condylus and rostrum of the capitulum and arcuate calomus/lamina complex of the spicules vs no condylus and rostrum and a relatively straight calomus/lamina complex, long and tapering female tail without small mucro vs blunt with small mucro present and possession of lateral field with three incisures vs four incisures.
C1 [Kanzaki, Natsumi; Giblin-Davis, Robin M.; Scheffrahn, Rudolf H.; Center, Barbara J.] Univ Florida, IFAS, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Kanzaki, Natsumi] Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Forest Pathol Lab, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058687, Japan.
[Allen Herre, E.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Kanzaki, N (reprint author), Univ Florida, IFAS, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, 3205 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
EM nkanzaki@affrc.go.jp
RI Kanzaki, Natsumi/A-3864-2012
OI Kanzaki, Natsumi/0000-0001-8752-1674
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-0450537, DEB-0640807]
FX This study was supported in part by the National Science Foundation
(NSF) Biotic Surveys and Inventories projects (DEB-0450537;
DEB-0640807). Special thanks to Eric Ragsdale, University of California,
and the faculty and staff at the Smithsonian Tropical Research
Institute's Barro Colorado Island Field Station for assistance and
Annette Aiello for processing specimens for the collections in Panama.
NR 21
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 6
PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
PI LEIDEN
PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS
SN 1388-5545
J9 NEMATOLOGY
JI Nematology
PY 2010
VL 12
BP 905
EP 914
DI 10.1163/138855410X496187
PN 6
PG 10
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 700WF
UT WOS:000285774300008
ER
PT J
AU Banerjee, A
Matthews, LD
Jog, CJ
AF Banerjee, Arunima
Matthews, Lynn D.
Jog, Chanda J.
TI Dark matter dominance at all radii in the superthin galaxy UGC 7321
SO NEW ASTRONOMY
LA English
DT Article
DE Galaxies: ISM; Galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; Galaxies: spiral;
Galaxies: structure; Galaxies: halos; alaxies: individual: UGC 7321
ID SURFACE BRIGHTNESS GALAXIES; MILKY-WAY; GALACTIC DISK;
INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; ROTATION CURVES; SPIRAL GALAXIES; HI; HALO; MASS;
GAS
AB We model the shape and density profile of the dark matter halo of the low surface brightness, superthin galaxy UGC 7321, using the observed rotation curve and the Hi scale height data as simultaneous constraints. We treat the galaxy as a gravitationally coupled system of stars and gas, responding to the gravitational potential of the dark matter halo. An isothermal halo of spherical shape with a core density in the range of 0.039-0.057 M(circle dot) pc(-3) and a core radius between 2.5 and 2.9 kpc, gives the best fit to the observations for a range of realistic gas parameters assumed. We find that the best-fit core radius is only slightly higher than the stellar disc scale length (2.1 kpc), unlike the case of the high surface brightness galaxies where the halo core radius is typically 3-4 times the disc scale length of the stars. Thus our model shows that the dark matter halo dominates the dynamics of the low surface brightness, superthin galaxy UGC 7321 at all radii, including the inner parts of the galaxy. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Banerjee, Arunima; Jog, Chanda J.] Indian Inst Sci, Dept Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.
[Matthews, Lynn D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Banerjee, A (reprint author), Indian Inst Sci, Dept Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.
EM arunima_banerjee@physics.iisc.ernet.in; lmatthew@haystack.mit.edu;
cjjog@physics.iisc.ernet.in
NR 47
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1384-1076
J9 NEW ASTRON
JI New Astron.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 15
IS 1
BP 89
EP 95
DI 10.1016/j.newast.2009.05.015
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 504SP
UT WOS:000270638000012
ER
PT J
AU Levesque, EM
AF Levesque, Emily M.
TI The physical properties of red supergiants
SO NEW ASTRONOMY REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
DE Stars: fundamental parameters; Stars: atmospheres; Stars: evolution;
Stars: late-type; Supergiants
ID VY-CANIS-MAJORIS; LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; MASS-LOSS RATES; LATE-TYPE
STARS; CURRENTLY FORMING STARS; ANDROMEDA GALAXY M31; GIANT BRANCH
STARS; SUPER-AGB STARS; M-CIRCLE-DOT; DUST SHELLS
AB Red supergiants (RSGs) are an evolved He-burning phase in the lifetimes of moderately high mass (10-25M(circle dot)) stars. The physical properties of these stars mark them as an important and extreme stage of massive stellar evolution, but determining these properties has been a struggle for many years. The cool extended atmospheres of RSGs place them in an extreme position on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram and present a significant challenge to the conventional assumptions of stellar atmosphere models. The dusty circumstellar environments of these stars can potentially complicate the determination of their physical properties, and unusual RSGs in the Milky Way and neighboring galaxies present a suite of enigmatic properties and behaviors that strain, and sometimes even defy, the predictions of stellar evolutionary theory. However, in recent years our understanding of RSGs, including the models and methods applied to our observations and interpretations of these stars, has changed and grown dramatically. This review looks back at some of the latest work that has progressed our understanding of RSGs, and considers the many new questions posed by our ever-evolving picture of these cool massive stars. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Levesque, Emily M.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Levesque, EM (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM emsque@ifa.hawaii.edu
FU Ford Foundation
FX Ongoing collaboration and correspondence with Phil Massey was invaluable
during the preparation of this manuscript. In addition, this review has
benefited from collaborations and conversations with Phil Bennett, Geoff
Clayton, Peter Conti, Eric Josselin, Andre Maeder, Georges Meynet, Knut
Olsen, Bertrand Plez, David Silva, and Brian Skiff. This work has been
supported in part through a Ford Foundation Predoctoral Fellowship.
NR 130
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1387-6473
J9 NEW ASTRON REV
JI New Astron. Rev.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2010
VL 54
IS 1-2
BP 1
EP 12
DI 10.1016/j.newar.2009.10.002
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 715CO
UT WOS:000286858200001
ER
PT B
AU Murray-Clay, RA
AF Murray-Clay, Ruth A.
BE Stanford, LM
Green, JD
Hao, L
Mao, Y
TI Frontier Planets: Wide Separation Giants and Planet Formation
SO NEW HORIZONS IN ASTRONOMY: FRANK N BASH SYMPOSIUM 2009
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Frank N Bash Symposium on New Horizons in Astronomy
CY OCT 18-20, 2009
CL Univ Texas, Austin, TX
SP McDonald Observ
HO Univ Texas
ID NEPTUNE-MASS PLANET; BROWN-DWARF DESERT; SYSTEM HR 8799; SUN-LIKE STAR;
GRAVITATIONAL-INSTABILITY; KUIPER-BELT; PROTOPLANETARY CORES; DEBRIS
DISK; BLACK-HOLES; FOMALHAUT B
AB With almost 400 planets currently known, the study of extrasolar planetary systems has blossomed into a rich field. Still, large classes of planets are predicted to exist but remain to be discovered. Here, I selectively review the state of exoplanetary science and focus on one observationally-driven frontier. Massive planets at wide separations from their host stars have now been directly imaged. I discuss how the interplay between theory and observation at this frontier offers a window into both the phenomenological question of what types of planets and planetary systems exist and the theoretical question of how they came to be.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Murray-Clay, RA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 51, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 84
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-744-5
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 432
BP 98
EP 115
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BUN19
UT WOS:000289818500007
ER
PT J
AU Marten-Rodriguez, S
Fenster, CB
Agnarsson, I
Skog, LE
Zimmer, EA
AF Marten-Rodriguez, Silvana
Fenster, Charles B.
Agnarsson, Ingi
Skog, Laurence E.
Zimmer, Elizabeth A.
TI Evolutionary breakdown of pollination specialization in a Caribbean
plant radiation
SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE Antilles; autogamy; floral traits; G-CYCLOIDEA (GCYC); Gesneriaceae;
internal transcribed spacer (ITS); islands; phylogeny; pollination
systems
ID REPRODUCTIVE ASSURANCE; PHYLOGENETIC PERSPECTIVE; MORPHOLOGICAL
CHARACTERS; HUMMINGBIRD POLLINATION; FLORAL SPECIALIZATION; BREEDING
SYSTEMS; GESNERIACEAE; FLOWER; TRAITS; SOLANACEAE
AB P>Ecological generalization is postulated to be the rule in plant-pollinator interactions; however, the evolution of generalized flowers from specialized ancestors has rarely been demonstrated. This study examines the evolution of pollination and breeding systems in the tribe Gesnerieae (Gesneriaceae), an Antillean plant radiation that includes specialized and generalized species.
Phylogenetic reconstruction was based on two nDNA markers (internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and G-CYCLOIDEA (GCYC) and morphology. The total evidence Bayesian phylogeny was used for assessment of floral character evolution using Bayesian stochastic character mapping.
Mapping of the pollination system resulted in at least two origins of bat pollination and two origins of generalized pollination (bats, moths and hummingbirds). The evolution of bat pollination was associated with floral transitions reflecting the chiropterophilous floral syndrome. The evolution of generalization was associated with subcampanulate corollas. Autonomous breeding systems evolved only in hummingbird-pollinated lineages.
The correlated evolution of floral traits and pollination systems provides support for the pollination syndrome concept. Floral transitions may have been favored by the low frequency of hummingbird visitation in the Antilles, while the presence of autonomous pollination may have allowed the diversification of ornithophilous lineages. Results suggest that pollinator depauperate faunas on islands select for the evolution of reproductive assurance mechanisms, including generalization and autogamy.
C1 [Marten-Rodriguez, Silvana] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Jose, Costa Rica.
[Marten-Rodriguez, Silvana; Fenster, Charles B.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Agnarsson, Ingi] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA.
[Skog, Laurence E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Zimmer, Elizabeth A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Lab Analyt Biol, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
RP Marten-Rodriguez, S (reprint author), Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Jose, Costa Rica.
EM smartenr@gmail.com
RI Zimmer, Elizabeth/G-3890-2011
FU The Gesneriad Society; The Explorers Club-Washington Group; Graduate
Women in Science; University of Maryland; Smithsonian Institution; NSF
[DDIG 0710196]; Sigma Xi; Bamford
FX We are grateful to Abel Almarales, Tirzah Breslar, Teodoro Clase, Julie
Cridland, Xin-Sheng Chen, Michel Faife, Bryan Gough, Daniel Growald, Joe
Hereford, Carlo Moreno, Brigido Peguero, and Daniel Stanton for help
conducting field work. We thank Stacy DeWitt Smith and Paul Wilson for
insightful revisions on earlier versions of this manuscript. We thank
the Institute of Jamaica, and Jardin Botanico de Santo Domingo for
logistical support and John L. Clark for contributing tissue samples of
Rhytidophyllum crenulatum. We thank Pedro Acevedo, David Erickson, Chris
Huddleston, Akito Kawahara, and Ken Wurdack for support and advice
provided during various stages of the project. Funding was provided by
The Gesneriad Society, The Explorers Club-Washington Group, Graduate
Women in Science, Sigma Xi, Bamford Fund and BEES Program (University of
Maryland), Smithsonian Institution, and NSF DDIG 0710196 to S.M.R. and
C.B.F.
NR 79
TC 34
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 32
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0028-646X
J9 NEW PHYTOL
JI New Phytol.
PY 2010
VL 188
IS 2
BP 403
EP 417
DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03330.x
PG 15
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 655DW
UT WOS:000282225000011
PM 20561209
ER
PT J
AU Kraft, NJB
Metz, MR
Condit, RS
Chave, J
AF Kraft, Nathan J. B.
Metz, Margaret R.
Condit, Richard S.
Chave, Jerome
TI The relationship between wood density and mortality in a global tropical
forest data set
SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian hierarchical model; demography; functional traits; life history
trade-offs; long-term ecological research; phylogenetic independent
contrasts; trait conservatism
ID LIFE-HISTORY VARIATION; FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; NEOTROPICAL TREE;
RAIN-FOREST; ECONOMICS SPECTRUM; NICHE CONSERVATISM; PLANT ECOLOGY;
GROWTH; STRATEGIES; DIVERSITY
AB P>Wood density is thought to be an important indicator of plant life history because it is coupled to many aspects of whole-plant form and function. We used a hierarchical Bayesian approach to explain variation in mortality rates with wood density, drawing on data for 765 500 trees from 1639 species at 10 sites located across the Old and New World tropics.
Mortality rates declined with increasing wood density at five of 10 sites. Similar negative trends were detected at four additional sites, while one site showed no relationship. Our model explained 40% of variation in mortality on average. Both wood density and mortality rates show a high degree of phylogenetic conservatism.
Grouping species by family across sites in a second analysis, we found considerable variation in the relationship between wood density and mortality, with 10 of 27 families demonstrating a strong negative relationship.
Our results highlight the importance of wood density as a functional trait in tropical forests, as it is strongly linked to variation in survival. However, the relationship varied among families, plots, and even census intervals within sites, indicating that the factors responsible for the relationship between wood density and mortality vary spatially, taxonomically and temporally.
C1 [Kraft, Nathan J. B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Metz, Margaret R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Condit, Richard S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama.
[Chave, Jerome] Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, Lab Evolut & Divers Biol, F-31062 Toulouse, France.
RP Kraft, NJB (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Biodivers Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
EM nkraft@biodiversity.ubc.ca
RI Kraft, Nathan/A-2817-2012
OI Kraft, Nathan/0000-0001-8867-7806
FU NSERC
FX N.J.B.K. acknowledges funding from the NSERC CREATE Training Program in
Biodiversity Research. This manuscript was improved by discussion and
suggestions from D. Ackerly, B. Choat, W. Cornwell, P. Cowan, S. Kembel,
D. King, L. Poorter, K. Simonin, E. Sudderth, A. Zanne and one anonymous
reviewer. N. Swenson generously contributed unpublished wood density
data. We are grateful for the efforts of everyone who has contributed to
the forest census plots associated with the Center for Tropical Forest
Science of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, as well as to
people of the countries in which the plots are located for permitting
this ongoing research.
NR 62
TC 49
Z9 52
U1 8
U2 67
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0028-646X
J9 NEW PHYTOL
JI New Phytol.
PY 2010
VL 188
IS 4
BP 1124
EP 1136
DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03444.x
PG 13
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 678LG
UT WOS:000284074900020
PM 21058950
ER
PT J
AU Kitajima, K
Poorter, L
AF Kitajima, Kaoru
Poorter, Lourens
TI Tissue-level leaf toughness, but not lamina thickness, predicts sapling
leaf lifespan and shade tolerance of tropical tree species
SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE herbivory; leaf functional traits; leaf lifespan; leaf toughness;
ontogenetic shifts; sapling shade tolerance; structural equation
modeling; tropical trees
ID TRADE-OFFS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; WOODY-PLANTS; BIOMECHANICAL
PROPERTIES; ECONOMICS SPECTRUM; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; LIGHT REQUIREMENTS;
FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; FOREST; LEAVES
AB P>Leaf toughness is thought to enhance physical defense and leaf lifespan. Here, we evaluated the relative importance of tissue-level leaf traits vs lamina thickness, as well as their ontogenetic changes, for structure-level leaf toughness and regeneration ecology of 19 tropical tree species.
We measured the fracture toughness of the laminas and veins of sapling leaves with shearing tests, and used principal component analysis and structural equation modeling to evaluate the multivariate relationships among traits that contribute to leaf toughness and their links to ecological performance traits.
Tissue traits (density and fracture toughness of lamina and vein) were correlated positively with each other, but independent of lamina thickness. The tissue traits and lamina thickness contributed additively to the structure-level toughness (leaf mass per area and work-to-shear). Species with dense and tough leaves as saplings also had dense and tough leaves as seedlings and adults. The patterns of ontogenetic change in trait values differed between the seedling-to-sapling and sapling-to-adult transitions.
The fracture toughness and tissue density of laminas and veins, but not the lamina thickness, were correlated positively with leaf lifespan and sapling survival, and negatively with herbivory rate and sapling regeneration light requirements, indicating the importance of tissue-level leaf traits.
C1 [Kitajima, Kaoru] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Kitajima, Kaoru] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
[Poorter, Lourens] Wageningen Univ, Ctr Ecosyst Studies, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Poorter, Lourens] Wageningen Univ, Ctr Ecosyst Studies, Resource Ecol Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Poorter, Lourens] Inst Boliviano Invest Forestal, Santa Cruz, Bolivia.
RP Kitajima, K (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM kitajima@ufl.edu
RI Kitajima, Kaoru/E-8877-2012
FU Wageningen Graduate School Production Ecology and Resource Conservation
FX We acknowledge Frans Bongers, Danae Rozendaal and Diego Adamo for help
with collection of part of the leaf data, Peter Lucas for generous
support with fracture toughness measurement techniques, and Yusuke
Onoda, Jared Westbrook, David Ackerly, Peter Grubb and an anonymous
reviewer for constructive discussions and comments on the manuscript. LP
was supported by a full fellowship and KK by a visitor's fellowship from
the Wageningen Graduate School Production Ecology and Resource
Conservation.
NR 67
TC 93
Z9 98
U1 6
U2 70
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0028-646X
J9 NEW PHYTOL
JI New Phytol.
PY 2010
VL 186
IS 3
BP 708
EP 721
DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03212.x
PG 14
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 582RY
UT WOS:000276617600018
PM 20298481
ER
PT J
AU Nottingham, AT
Turner, BL
Winter, K
van der Heijden, MGA
Tanner, EVJ
AF Nottingham, Andrew T.
Turner, Benjamin L.
Winter, Klaus
van der Heijden, Marcel G. A.
Tanner, Edmund V. J.
TI Arbuscular mycorrhizal mycelial respiration in a moist tropical forest
SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon cycle; fine roots; mycelia; mycorrhizas; Pseudobombax septenatum;
soil CO(2) efflux; soil microbes; tropical forest
ID ROOT RESPIRATION; SOIL RESPIRATION; AMAZON FOREST; CO2 EFFLUX; CARBON;
PHOTOSYNTHESIS; GRASSLAND; FUNGI; QUANTIFICATION; TEMPERATURE
AB P>Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widespread in tropical forests and represent a major sink of photosynthate, yet their contribution to soil respiration in such ecosystems remains unknown.
Using in-growth mesocosms we measured AMF mycelial respiration in two separate experiments: (1) an experiment in a semi-evergreen moist tropical forest, and (2) an experiment with 6-m-tall Pseudobombax septenatum in 4.5-m3 containers, for which we also determined the dependence of AMF mycelial respiration on the supply of carbon from the plant using girdling and root-cutting treatments.
In the forest, AMF mycelia respired carbon at a rate of 1.4 t ha-1 yr-1, which accounted for 14 +/- 6% of total soil respiration and 26 +/- 12% of root-derived respiration. For P. septenatum, 40 +/- 6% of root-derived respiration originated from AMF mycelia and carbon was respired < 4 h after its supply from roots.
We conclude that arbuscular mycorrhizal mycelial respiration can be substantial in lowland tropical forests. As it is highly dependent on the recent supply of carbon from roots, a function of aboveground fixation, AMF mycelial respiration is therefore an important pathway of carbon flux from tropical forest trees to the atmosphere.
C1 [Nottingham, Andrew T.; Tanner, Edmund V. J.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Plant Sci, Cambridge CB2 3EA, England.
[Turner, Benjamin L.; Winter, Klaus] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 084303092, Ancon, Panama.
[van der Heijden, Marcel G. A.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Inst Ecol Sci, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[van der Heijden, Marcel G. A.] Swiss Fed Res Inst Agroscope, Res Stn ART, Zurich, Switzerland.
[van der Heijden, Marcel G. A.] Univ Utrecht, Fac Sci, Inst Environm Biol, NL-3508 TB Utrecht, Netherlands.
RP Nottingham, AT (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Plant Sci, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EA, England.
EM atn24@cam.ac.uk
RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011; van der Heijden, Marcel/H-5243-2011
OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722;
FU NERC [NER/S/A/2004/12241A]; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
FX We thank Jorge Aranda, Lucas Cernusak, Ludo Luckerhoff, Scott Mangan,
Catherine Potvin, Tania Romero, Emma Sayer, Michael Tobin and Didimo
Urena for their support. We thank David Wardle and three anonymous
reviewers for comments on the manuscript. The project was funded by a
NERC grant (NER/S/A/2004/12241A) and a Smithsonian Tropical Research
Institute Short-Term Fellowship to ATN.
NR 48
TC 18
Z9 22
U1 5
U2 68
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0028-646X
J9 NEW PHYTOL
JI New Phytol.
PY 2010
VL 186
IS 4
BP 957
EP 967
DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03226.x
PG 11
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 594HK
UT WOS:000277526900017
PM 20345636
ER
PT J
AU Huynh, HM
Williams, GR
McAlpine, DF
Thorington, RW
AF Huynh, Howard M.
Williams, Geoffrey R.
McAlpine, Donald F.
Thorington, Richard W., Jr.
TI Establishment of the Eastern Gray Squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) in
Nova Scotia, Canada
SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
AB Sciurus carolinensis (Eastern Gray Squirrel) is one of the most recognized sciurids in North America. Since 1930, apparently isolated Nova Scotia sightings of Eastern Gray Squirrel have been believed to result from captive releases or escapes. However, the species was not believed to have become established in the province. Here we report first evidence that the Eastern Gray Squirrel is now present as a breeding mammal in Nova Scotia.
C1 [Huynh, Howard M.; Williams, Geoffrey R.] Acadia Univ, Dept Biol, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada.
[Huynh, Howard M.; McAlpine, Donald F.] New Brunswick Museum, Dept Nat Sci, St John, NB E2K 1E5, Canada.
[Williams, Geoffrey R.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada.
[Thorington, Richard W., Jr.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Huynh, HM (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM huynh.hm@rogers.com
RI Williams, Geoffrey/C-9637-2015
OI Williams, Geoffrey/0000-0002-0093-1126
FU New Brunswick Museum
FX We thank James Wolford for providing information and records of Eastern
Gray Squirrels in Nova Scotia, and Fred Scott for allowing necropsy of
the specimen deposited in the Acadia Wildlife Museum. Thanks to Allan
Bland, Mark Elderkin, Pamela Mills, and Julie Towers at NSDNR for
forwarding the Windsor specimen to us for examination and for assistance
with permits. H.M. Huynh and G.R. Williams would like to extend their
gratitude and appreciation to Ed and Mary Anne Sulis for permitting
trapping on their property in Kentville. H.M. Huynh would like to thank
Brian Wilson for advice and assistance, Andrew Hebda for helpful
discussions and bringing the Halifax Evening Express report to our
attention, and Donald Stewart and the New Brunswick Museum for continued
support during his studies and research at Acadia University. This work
was funded in part by the New Brunswick Museum Florence M. Christie
Fellowship in Zoology to H.M. Huynh.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 14
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1092-6194
J9 NORTHEAST NAT
JI Northeast. Nat
PY 2010
VL 17
IS 4
BP 673
EP 677
DI 10.1656/045.017.0414
PG 5
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V22RJ
UT WOS:000208292000014
ER
PT S
AU Petitpas, G
Zhang, QZ
Katz, C
Patel, N
Blundell, R
AF Petitpas, Glen
Zhang, Qizhou
Katz, Charles
Patel, Nimesh
Blundell, Raymond
BE Silva, DR
Peck, AB
Soifer, BT
TI Partner Time Sharing at the Submillimeter Array
SO OBSERVATORY OPERATIONS: STRATEGIES, PROCESSES, AND SYSTEMS III
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Observatory Operations: Strategies, Processes, and Systems
III
CY JUN 30-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Telescope operations; Observatory scheduling
AB The Submillimeter Array (SMA) is an 8-element interferometer which operates in the 180-700 GHz range located atop Mauna Kea in Hawaii. It is a collaborative project between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics (ASIAA) and is funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academia Sinica. The University of Hawaii (UH) receives a fixed percentage of all time on the telescopes of Mauna Kea. As such, the observing time at the SMA is shared among these partners at the SAO: ASIAA: UH levels of 72: 15: 13. The nature of interferometric observing makes keeping track of these partner shares challenging. Since a typical successful interferometric observation could last anywhere from 3-10 hours for it to have sufficient uv-coverage, it does not necessarily make sense to divide the observing time up simply by counting hours. In this talk I will summarize the strategy devised at the SMA for keeping track of partner time shares as well as the tools used to make these numbers transparent to all affiliations.
C1 [Petitpas, Glen; Zhang, Qizhou; Katz, Charles; Patel, Nimesh; Blundell, Raymond] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Petitpas, G (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM gpetitpas@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-227-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7737
AR 77370X
DI 10.1117/12.858051
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BSU48
UT WOS:000285827700020
ER
PT S
AU Comizzoli, P
Songsasen, N
Wildt, DE
AF Comizzoli, Pierre
Songsasen, Nucharin
Wildt, David E.
BE Woodruff, TK
Zoloth, L
CampoEngelstein, L
Rodriguez, S
TI Protecting and Extending Fertility for Females of Wild and Endangered
Mammals
SO ONCOFERTILITY: ETHICAL, LEGAL , SOCIAL, AND MEDICAL PERSPECTIVES
SE Cancer Treatment and Research
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID IN-VITRO; DOMESTIC CAT; REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES; DEVELOPMENTAL
COMPETENCE; ARTIFICIAL-INSEMINATION; OOCYTE QUALITY; FOLLICLES;
CRYOPRESERVATION; CONSERVATION; MATURATION
C1 [Comizzoli, Pierre] Vet Hosp, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Dept Reprod Sci, Washington, DC USA.
[Wildt, David E.] Smithsonians Natl Zool Pk, Conservat & Res Ctr, Ctr Species Survival, Dept Reprod Sci, Front Royal, VA USA.
RP Comizzoli, P (reprint author), Vet Hosp, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Dept Reprod Sci, Washington, DC USA.
EM comizzolip@si.edu; songsasenn@si.edu; wildtd@si.edu
FU NICHD NIH HHS [5RL1HD058296, RL1 HD058296-03, RL1 HD058296]; NIDCR NIH
HHS [UL1 DE019587, UL1 DE019587-03, 8UL1DE019587]; NIH HHS [R01
OD010948]
NR 58
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-3042
BN 978-1-4419-6517-2
J9 CANCER TREAT RES
JI Canc. Treat. Res.
PY 2010
VL 156
BP 87
EP 100
DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-6518-9_7
D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-6518-9
PG 14
WC Oncology; Reproductive Biology
SC Oncology; Reproductive Biology
GA BQX48
UT WOS:000282063100007
PM 20811827
ER
PT S
AU Potts, R
Teague, R
AF Potts, Richard
Teague, Robin
BE Fleagle, JG
Shea, JJ
Grine, FE
Baden, AL
Leakey, RE
TI Behavioral and Environmental Background to 'Out-of-Africa I' and the
Arrival of Homo erectus in East Asia
SO OUT OF AFRICA I: THE FIRST HOMININ COLONIZATION OF EURASIA
SE Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Adaptability; East Asia; Geographic dispersal; Homo erectus; Nihewan;
Paleoenvironment; Plio-Pleistocene fauna; Yuanmou
ID AHL-AL-OUGHLAM; LAKE TURKANA BASIN; LATE PLIOCENE; ARABIAN PENINSULA;
NORTHEAST ASIA; HOMINOID TEETH; SOUTH CHINA; CASABLANCA; DISPERSAL;
GEORGIA
AB Current evidence of hominin fossils and artifacts in China and Indonesia points to the arrival and persistence of the genus Homo in East Asia by 1.7 million years ago (Ma). By at least 1.66 Ma, East Asian hominins had spread across a wide range of biotic and climatic zones, spanning 7 degrees S-40 degrees N on the basis of well-constrained age data from the Nihewan and Yuanmou basins, China, and Sangiran, Indonesia. Archeological assemblages and fragmentary hominin morphology show strong similarities with African Oldowan hominin toolmakers and early Homo erectus, although the taxonomic status of the oldest known Asian hominins is not yet securely established. Despite this apparent derivation of East Asian from African hominins, an initial comparison of large mammal faunas offers little evidence of 'fellow travelers', i.e., a set of African mammalian species that co-dispersed with Homo to East Asia. We offer three hypotheses to account for the existing data: (1) unique hominin dispersal, in which no other African mammals were involved; (2) African fellow travelers, in which Homo and a small number of other mammals reached western Eurasia, yet hominins dispersed independently to more distant regions; and (3) relay dispersal, in which Homo always dispersed as part of an ecological community but in association with a different set of mammalian species from one region to another.
C1 [Potts, Richard; Teague, Robin] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Human Origins Program, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Potts, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Human Origins Program, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM pottsr@si.edu; teaguer@si.edu
NR 115
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1877-9077
BN 978-90-481-9035-5
J9 VERTEBR PALEOBIOL PA
JI Vertebr. Paleobiol. Paleoanthropol.
PY 2010
BP 67
EP 85
DI 10.1007/978-90-481-9036-2_5
D2 10.1007/978-90-481-9036-2
PG 19
WC Anthropology; Archaeology; Architecture; Paleontology
SC Anthropology; Archaeology; Architecture; Paleontology
GA BQU32
UT WOS:000281864400005
ER
PT B
AU Traub, WA
Lawson, PR
Unwin, SC
Muterspaugh, MW
Soummer, R
Danchi, WC
Hinz, P
Gaudi, BS
Torres, G
Deming, D
Lazio, J
Dressler, A
AF Traub, W. A.
Lawson, P. R.
Unwin, S. C.
Muterspaugh, M. W.
Soummer, R.
Danchi, W. C.
Hinz, P.
Gaudi, B. S.
Torres, G.
Deming, D.
Lazio, J.
Dressler, A.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI Exoplanets Forum 2008
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
AB The Exoplanets Forum 2008 meeting led to a book Exoplanet Community Report with about 180 authors from the exoplanet community. This book describes eight technique-oriented methods for detecting and characterizing exoplanets, with an emphasis on space missions. The topics are astrometry, optical imaging, infrared imaging, exozodiacal disks, microlensing, radial velocity, transits, and magnetospheric emission. Several of these techniques have counterparts in proposed space mission studies carried out under the Astrophysics Strategic Mission Concept Studies (ASMCS) program in 2008-9, and the exoplanet-related Astro2010 studies in 2009. The Forum meeting, through the vehicle of its resulting book, provides a snapshot of the science and potential missions for exoplanets during this period, and as such should provide a relevant reference for several years to come.
C1 [Traub, W. A.; Lawson, P. R.; Unwin, S. C.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, M-S 301-451,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Muterspaugh, M. W.] Tennessee State Univ, Nashville, TN 37209 USA.
[Soummer, R.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Danchi, W. C.; Deming, D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Hinz, P.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Gaudi, B. S.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Torres, G.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Lazio, J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Dressler, A.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Pasadena, CA 94305 USA.
RP Traub, WA (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, M-S 301-451,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM wtraub@jpl.nasa.gov; Peter.R.Lawson@jpl.nasa.gov; soummer@stsci.edu;
william.c.danchi@nasa.gov
RI Gaudi, Bernard/I-7732-2012
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 21
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800003
ER
PT B
AU Sozzetti, A
Afonso, C
Alonso, R
Blank, DL
Catala, C
Deeg, H
Grenfell, JL
Hellier, C
Latham, DW
Minniti, D
Pont, F
Rauer, H
AF Sozzetti, A.
Afonso, C.
Alonso, R.
Blank, D. L.
Catala, C.
Deeg, H.
Grenfell, J. L.
Hellier, C.
Latham, D. W.
Minniti, D.
Pont, F.
Rauer, H.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI Blue Dots Team Transits Working Group Review
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
ID RADIAL-VELOCITY MEASUREMENTS; EXTRASOLAR PLANET; ECCENTRIC ORBIT;
HOT-JUPITER; SUPER-EARTH; LOW-DENSITY; STAR; ATMOSPHERE; EXOPLANETS;
EVOLUTION
AB Transiting planet systems offer an unique opportunity to observationally constrain proposed models of the interiors (radius, composition) and atmospheres (chemistry, dynamics) of extrasolar planets. The spectacular successes of ground-based transit surveys (more than 60 transiting systems known to-date) and the host of multi-wavelength, spectro-photometric follow-up studies, carried out in particular by FIST and Spitzer, have paved the way to the next generation of transit search projects, which are currently ongoing (CoRoT, Kepler), or planned. The possibility of detecting and characterizing transiting Earth-sized planets in the habitable zone of their parent stars appears tantalizingly close. In this contribution we briefly review the power of the transit technique for characterization of extrasolar planets, summarize the state of the art of both ground-based and space-borne transit search programs, and illustrate how the science of planetary transits fits within the Blue Dots perspective.
C1 [Sozzetti, A.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Torino, Str Osservatorio 20, Pino Torinese, Italy.
[Afonso, C.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Alonso, R.] Univ Geneva, Observ Geneva, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland.
[Blank, D. L.] James Cook Univ, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Catala, C.] LESI Observat, F-92195 Meudon, France.
[Deeg, H.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38205 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain.
[Grenfell, J. L.] Tech Univ Berlin, D-10623 Berlin, Germany.
[Hellier, C.] Keele Univ, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England.
[Latham, D. W.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Minniti, D.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Santiago 22, Chile.
[Pont, F.] Univ Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England.
[Rauer, H.] Inst Planetary Res, DRL, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
RP Sozzetti, A (reprint author), INAF Osservatorio Astron Torino, Str Osservatorio 20, Pino Torinese, Italy.
EM sozzetti@oato.inaf.it; Claude.Catala@obspm.fr; lee.grenfell@dlr.de;
dlatham@cfa.harvard.edu
RI Alonso, Roi/D-8799-2014; Ribas, Ignasi/M-2134-2014
OI Alonso, Roi/0000-0001-8462-8126; Ribas, Ignasi/0000-0002-6689-0312
NR 40
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 45
EP +
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800006
ER
PT B
AU Kipping, DM
Fossey, SJ
Campanella, C
Schneider, J
Tinetti, G
AF Kipping, D. M.
Fossey, S. J.
Campanella, C.
Schneider, J.
Tinetti, G.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI Pathways towards Habitable Moons
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
ID EXTRASOLAR GIANT PLANETS; SATELLITES; EXOMOON
AB The search for life outside of the Solar System should not be restricted to exclusively planetary bodies; large moons of extrasolar planets may also be common habitable environments throughout the Galaxy. Extrasolar moons, or exomoons, may be detected through transit timing effects induced onto the host planet as a result of mutual gravitational interaction. In particular, transit timing variations (TTV) and transit duration variations (TDV) are predicted to produce a unique exomoon signature, which is not only easily distinguished from other gravitational perturbations, but also provides both the period and mass of an exomoon. Using these timing effects, photometry greater or equal to that of the Kepler Mission is readily able to detect habitable-zone exomoons down to 0.2 M-circle plus and could survey up to 25,000 stars for Earth-mass satellites. We discuss future possibilities for spectral retrieval of such bodies and show that transmission spectroscopy with JWST should be able to detect molecular species with similar to 30 transit events, in the best cases.
C1 [Kipping, D. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Kipping, D. M.; Fossey, S. J.; Tinetti, G.] UCL, London, England.
[Fossey, S. J.] Univ London Observat, London, England.
[Campanella, C.] Queen Mary Univ London, London, England.
[Schneider, J.] LUTH Observat Paris, Paris, France.
RP Kipping, DM (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM d.kipping@ucl.ac.uk; jean.schneider@obspm.fr; g.tinetti@ucl.ac.uk
NR 14
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 139
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800017
ER
PT B
AU Lyon, RG
Clampin, M
Woodruff, RA
Vasudevan, G
Thompson, P
Petrone, P
Madison, T
Rizzo, M
Melnick, G
Tolls, V
AF Lyon, R. G.
Clampin, M.
Woodruff, R. A.
Vasudevan, G.
Thompson, P.
Petrone, P.
Madison, T.
Rizzo, M.
Melnick, G.
Tolls, V.
BE DuForesto, VC
Gelino, DM
Ribas, I
TI Visible Nulling Coronagraph Progress Report
SO PATHWAYS TOWARDS HABITABLE PLANETS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Barcelona Conference on Pathways Towards Habitable Planets
CY SEP 14-18, 2009
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Blue Dots, Ajuntament Barcelona, IEEC, CNRS, Univ Empresa, Dept Innovacio, Generalitat Catalunya, NExScI, Observ Paris, Obra Social, Gobrano Espana, CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiologia, CNES, Euro Planet
AB We report on recent laboratory results with the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Visible Nulling Coronagraph (VNC) testbed. We have achieved focal plane contrasts of 10(8) and approaching 10(9) at inner working angles of 2 lambda/D and 4 lambda/D, respectively. Results were obtained with a broadband source and 40 nm filter centered on 630 nm. A null control breadboard (NCB) was also developed to assess and quantify MEMS based deformable mirror technology (DM), and to develop and assess closed-loop null control algorithms. We have demonstrated closed-loop performance at 27 Hz.
C1 [Lyon, R. G.; Clampin, M.; Thompson, P.; Madison, T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Woodruff, R. A.; Vasudevan, G.] Lockheed Martin Corp, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
[Thompson, P.] Sigma Space Corp, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
[Rizzo, M.] Inst Super Aeronautique Espace, Toulouse, France.
[Melnick, G.; Tolls, V.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Lyon, RG (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Richard.G.Lyon@nasa.gov; mark.clampin@nasa.gov
RI Lyon, Richard/D-5022-2012; Clampin, mark/D-2738-2012
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-740-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 430
BP 485
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR16
UT WOS:000287836800093
ER
PT J
AU Nolte, JL
Yang, BH
Stancil, PC
Lee, TG
Balakrishnan, N
Forrey, RC
Dalgarno, A
AF Nolte, J. L.
Yang, B. H.
Stancil, P. C.
Lee, Teck-Ghee
Balakrishnan, N.
Forrey, R. C.
Dalgarno, A.
TI Isotope effects in complex scattering lengths for He collisions with
molecular hydrogen
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACE; BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE; CHEMICAL-REACTIONS;
FERMI GAS; TEMPERATURES; RESONANCES; ATOMS; COLD; ZERO
AB We examine the effect of theoretically varying the collision-system reduced mass in collisions of He with vibrationally excited molecular hydrogen and observe zero-energy resonances for select atomic "hydrogen" masses less than 1 u or a "helium" mass of 1.95 u. Complex scattering lengths, state-to-state vibrational quenching cross sections, and a low- energy elastic scattering resonance are all studied as a function of collision-system reduced mass. Experimental observations of these phenomena in the cold and ultracold regimes for collisions of (3)He and (4)He with H(2), HD, HT, and DT should be feasible in the near future.
C1 [Nolte, J. L.; Yang, B. H.; Stancil, P. C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Nolte, J. L.; Yang, B. H.; Stancil, P. C.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Simulat Phys, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Lee, Teck-Ghee] Auburn Univ, Allison Phys Lab, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Balakrishnan, N.] Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
[Forrey, R. C.] Penn State Univ, Reading, PA 19610 USA.
[Dalgarno, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Nolte, JL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RI Lee, Teck Ghee/D-5037-2012
OI Lee, Teck Ghee/0000-0001-9472-3194
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNG06GJ11G,
NNG05GD81G]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [AST-0607733, PHY-0855,
AST-0607532470, PHY-0854838]
FX We acknowledge support from National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) Grant No. NNG06GJ11G and National Science
Foundation (NSF) Grant No. AST-0607733 (J.L.N., B.H Y., P.C.S.), NSF
Grant Mo. PHY-0855470 (N. B.), NASA Grant No. NNG05GD81G (T.G.L.), NSF
Grant No. AST-0607532 (A.D.), and NSF Grant No. PHY-0854838 (R.C.F.).
NR 29
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 1
AR 014701
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.81.014701
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 548WX
UT WOS:000274001500165
ER
PT J
AU Zibrov, SA
Novikova, I
Phillips, DF
Walsworth, RL
Zibrov, AS
Velichansky, VL
Taichenachev, AV
Yudin, VI
AF Zibrov, Sergei A.
Novikova, Irina
Phillips, David F.
Walsworth, Ronald L.
Zibrov, Alexander S.
Velichansky, Vladimir L.
Taichenachev, Alexey V.
Yudin, Valery I.
TI Coherent-population-trapping resonances with linearly polarized light
for all-optical miniature atomic clocks
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTRAST DARK RESONANCES; FREQUENCY REFERENCE; ALKALI ATOMS; D-1 LINE;
D1 LINE; SHIFTS; RB-87; VAPOR; FIELD
AB We present a joint theoretical and experimental characterization of the coherent population trapping (CPT) resonance excited on the D(1) line of (87)Rb atoms by bichromatic linearly polarized laser light. We observe high-contrast transmission resonances (up to approximate to 25%), which makes this excitation scheme promising forminiature all-optical atomic clock applications. We also demonstrate cancellation of the first-order light shift by proper choice of the frequencies and relative intensities of the two laser-field components. Our theoretical predictions are in good agreement with the experimental results.
C1 [Zibrov, Sergei A.; Zibrov, Alexander S.; Velichansky, Vladimir L.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst RAS, RU-117924 Moscow, Russia.
[Zibrov, Sergei A.; Zibrov, Alexander S.; Velichansky, Vladimir L.] Moscow State Engn Phys Inst, RU-115409 Moscow, Russia.
[Novikova, Irina] Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA.
[Novikova, Irina; Phillips, David F.; Walsworth, Ronald L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Walsworth, Ronald L.; Zibrov, Alexander S.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Taichenachev, Alexey V.; Yudin, Valery I.] Inst Laser Phys SB RAS, RU-630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
[Taichenachev, Alexey V.; Yudin, Valery I.] Novosibirsk State Tech Univ, RU-630092 Novosibirsk, Russia.
[Yudin, Valery I.] Novosibirsk State Univ, RU-630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
RP Zibrov, SA (reprint author), PN Lebedev Phys Inst RAS, RU-117924 Moscow, Russia.
EM szibrov@yandex.ru; inovikova@physics.wm.edu; viyudin@mail.ru
RI Novikova, Irina/B-9041-2008; Taichenachev, Aleksei/K-7065-2015;
Velichansky, Vladimir/M-4861-2015; Zibrov, Sergei/M-6400-2015; Zibrov,
Alexander/G-7419-2014
OI Taichenachev, Aleksei/0000-0003-2273-0066;
FU Smithsonian Institution; Jeffress Research [J-847]; RFBR [08-02-01108,
08-07-00127, 09-02-01151, 10-02-00406, 10-08-00844]; Russian Academy of
Science, Presidium SB RAS
FX The authors are grateful to Eugeniy E. Mikhailov for useful discussions.
This work was supported by the Smithsonian Institution. I.N.
acknowledges support from Jeffress Research Grant No. J-847. A. V. T and
V.I.Y. were supported by RFBR (Grant Nos. 08-02-01108, 08-07-00127,
09-02-01151, 10-02-00406, and 10-08-00844), the Russian Academy of
Science, Presidium SB RAS, and by the federal programs "Development of
scientific potential of higher school 2009-2010" and "Scientific and
pedagogic personnel of innovative Russia 2009-2013."
NR 25
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 2
U2 20
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 1
AR 013833
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.81.013833
PG 7
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 600BK
UT WOS:000277958100038
ER
PT S
AU Kaltenegger, L
Selsis, F
AF Kaltenegger, L.
Selsis, F.
BE Montmerle, T
Ehrenreich, D
Lagrange, AM
TI SPECTRAL FINGERPRINTS OF HABITABILITY
SO PHYSICS AND ASTROPHYSICS OF PLANETARY SYSTEMS
SE EAS Publications Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Les Houches Summer School on Physics and Astrophysics of Planetary
Systems
CY FEB 18-29, 2008
CL Les Houches, FRANCE
SP CNRS
ID EXTRASOLAR TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; EARTH-LIKE PLANETS; THERMAL EMISSION;
LIFE; ATMOSPHERE; SEARCH; STARS; DARWIN; BIOSIGNATURES; SIGNATURE
AB The emerging field of extrasolar planet search has shown an extraordinary ability to combine research by astrophysics, chemistry, biology and geophysics into a new and exciting interdisciplinary approach to understand our place in the universe. Are there other worlds like ours? How can we characterize those planets and assess if they are habitable? After a decade rich in giant exoplanet detections, observation techniques have now reached the ability to find planets of less than 10 M-Earth, (so called Super-Earths) that may potentially be habitable.
The detection and characterization of Earth-like planet is approaching rapidly with dedicated space observatories already in operation (Corot) or in development phase (Kepler, James Webb Space Telescope, Extremely Large Telescope (ELT), Darwin/TPF). Space missions like CoRoT (CNES, Rouan et al. 1998) and Kepler (NASA, Borucki et al. 1997) will give its statistics on the number, size, period and orbital distance of planets, extending to terrestrial planets on the lower mass range end as a first step, while missions like Darwin/TPF are designed to characterize their atmospheres.
In this chapter we discuss how we can read a planet's spectral fingerprint and characterize if it is potentially habitable. We discuss the first steps to detect a habitable planet and set biomarker detection in context in Section 1. In Section 2 we focus on biomarkers, their signatures at different wavelengths, abiotic sources and cryptic photosynthesis - using Earth as our primary example - the only habitable planet we know of so far. Section 3 concentrates on planets around different stars, and Section 4 summarizes the chapter.
C1 [Kaltenegger, L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Selsis, F.] CNRS, LAB, F-33270 Florac, France.
RP Kaltenegger, L (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM lkaltene@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 65
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 16
PU E D P SCIENCES
PI CEDEX A
PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 1633-4760
BN 978-2-7598-0490-0
J9 EAS PUBLICATIONS
PY 2010
VL 41
BP 485
EP +
DI 10.1051/eas/1041040
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BPT88
UT WOS:000279918700040
ER
PT J
AU Hagedorn, M
Carter, VL
Ly, S
Andrell, RM
Yancey, PH
Leong, JAC
Kleinhans, FW
AF Hagedorn, Mary
Carter, Virginia L.
Ly, Steven
Andrell, Raymond M.
Yancey, Paul H.
Leong, Jo-Ann C.
Kleinhans, Frederick W.
TI Analysis of Internal Osmolality in Developing Coral Larvae, Fungia
scutaria
SO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-MICROANALYSIS; GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; SCLERACTINIAN CORAL;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; GLYCINE BETAINE; PLANULA LARVAE; ALGAE; HOST;
TEMPERATURE; MECHANISMS
AB Coral species throughout the world are facing severe local and global environmental pressures. Because of the pressing conservation need, we are studying the reproduction, physiology, and cryobiology of coral larvae with the future goal of cryopreserving and maintaining these organisms in a genome resource bank. Effective cryopreservation involves several steps, including the loading and unloading of cells with cryoprotectant and the avoidance of osmotic shock. In this study, during the time course of coral larvae development of the mushroom coral Fungia scutaria, we examined several physiologic factors, including internal osmolality, percent osmotically active water, formation of mucus cells, and intracellular organic osmolytes. The osmotically inactive components of the cell, V(b), declined 33% during development from the oocyte to day 5. In contrast, measurements of the internal osmolality of coral larvae indicated that the internal osmolality was increasing from day 1 to day 5, probably as a result of the development of mucus cells that bind ions. Because of this, we conclude that coral larvae are osmoconformers with an internal osmolality of about 1,000 mOsm. Glycine betaine, comprising more than 90% of the organic osmolytes, was found to be the major organic osmolyte in the larvae. Glycerol was found in only small quantities in larvae that had been infected with zooxanthellae, suggesting that this solute did not play a significant role in the osmotic balance of this larval coral. We were interested in changes in cellular characteristics and osmolytes that might suggest solutes to test as cryoprotectants in order to assist in the successful cryopreservation of the larvae. More importantly, these data begin to reveal the basic physiological events that underlie the move from autonomous living to symbiosis.
C1 [Hagedorn, Mary; Carter, Virginia L.] Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Dept Reprod Sci, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
[Hagedorn, Mary; Carter, Virginia L.; Leong, Jo-Ann C.] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
[Ly, Steven; Andrell, Raymond M.; Yancey, Paul H.] Whitman Coll, Dept Biol, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA.
[Kleinhans, Frederick W.] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
RP Hagedorn, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, 46-007 Lillipuna Rd, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
EM hagedornm@si.edu
FU Friends of the National Zoo; Whitman College Perry
FX We would like to thank Dr. Ruth Gates, who provided very stimulating
discussion, and Dr. David Krupp and Leah Hollingsworth of the Hawaii
Institute of Marine Biology for their generous donation of larvae for
these experiments. This work was supported by a grant from the Friends
of the National Zoo to M. H. and a Whitman College Perry Grant to P. H.
Y.
NR 35
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 11
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 1522-2152
J9 PHYSIOL BIOCHEM ZOOL
JI Physiol. Biochem. Zool.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2010
VL 83
IS 1
BP 157
EP 166
DI 10.1086/648484
PG 10
WC Physiology; Zoology
SC Physiology; Zoology
GA 533SR
UT WOS:000272845800016
PM 19938981
ER
PT J
AU Yancey, PH
Heppenstall, M
Ly, S
Andrell, RM
Gates, RD
Carter, VL
Hagedorn, M
AF Yancey, Paul H.
Heppenstall, Marina
Ly, Steven
Andrell, Raymond M.
Gates, Ruth D.
Carter, Virginia L.
Hagedorn, Mary
TI Betaines and Dimethylsulfoniopropionate as Major Osmolytes in Cnidaria
with Endosymbiotic Dinoflagellates
SO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID TRIMETHYLAMINE OXIDE; ORGANIC OSMOLYTES; CHEMICAL DEFENSE; SEA-ANEMONE;
AMINO-ACIDS; REEF CORAL; RED ALGAE; IN-VITRO; ZOOXANTHELLAE; SYMBIOSIS
AB Most marine invertebrates and algae are osmoconformers whose cells accumulate organic osmolytes that provide half or more of cellular osmotic pressure. These solutes are primarily free amino acids and glycine betaine in most invertebrates and small carbohydrates and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) in many algae. Corals with endosymbiotic dinoflagellates (Symbiodinium spp.) have been reported to obtain from the symbionts potential organic osmolytes such as glycerol, amino acids, and DMSP. However, corals and their endosymbionts have not been fully analyzed for osmolytes. We quantified small carbohydrates, free amino acids, methylamines, and DMSP in tissues of the corals Fungia scutaria, Pocillopora damicornis, Pocillopora meandrina, Montipora capitata, Porites compressa, and Porites lobata (all with symbionts) plus Tubastrea aurea (asymbiotic) from Kaneohe Bay, Oahu (Hawaii). Glycine betaine, at 33-69 mmol/kg wet mass, was found to constitute 90% or more of the measured organic solutes in all except the Porites species. Those were dominated by proline betaine and dimethyltaurine. DMSP was found at 0.5-3 mmol/kg in all species with endosymbionts. Freshly isolated Symbiodinium from Fungia, P. damicornis, and P. compressa were also analyzed. DMSP and glycine betaine dominated in the first two; Porites endosymbionts had DMSP, proline betaine, and dimethyltaurine. In all specimens, glycerol and glucose were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography only at 0-1 mmol/kg wet mass. An enzymatic assay for glycerol plus glycerol 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate yielded 1-10 mmol/kg. Cassiopeia andromeda (upside-down jelly; Scyphozoan) and Aiptasia puchella (solitary anemone; Anthozoan) were also analyzed; both have endosymbiotic dinoflagellates. In both, glycine betaine, taurine, and DMSP were the dominant osmolytes. In summary, methylated osmolytes dominate in many Cnidaria; in those with algal symbionts, host and symbiont have similar methylated amino acids, as do congeners. However, little glycerol was present as an osmolyte and was probably metabolized before it could accumulate.
C1 [Yancey, Paul H.; Heppenstall, Marina; Ly, Steven; Andrell, Raymond M.] Whitman Coll, Dept Biol, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA.
[Gates, Ruth D.; Carter, Virginia L.; Hagedorn, Mary] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
[Carter, Virginia L.; Hagedorn, Mary] Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Dept Reprod Sci, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
RP Yancey, PH (reprint author), Whitman Coll, Dept Biol, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA.
EM yancey@whitman.edu
FU National Zoo and the Morris Animal Foundation; Whitman College Perry;
Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology [1355]
FX We thank F. W. Kleinhans for helpful discussion on osmotic balance and
Fred Ferrell for help in collecting coral. This work was supported by
Friends of the National Zoo and the Morris Animal Foundation (for M.
Hagedorn and V. L. C.) and Whitman College Perry grants (for P. H. Y.,
M. Hagedorn, S. L., and R. M. A.). This work represents Hawaii Institute
of Marine Biology contribution 1355.
NR 41
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 17
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 1522-2152
J9 PHYSIOL BIOCHEM ZOOL
JI Physiol. Biochem. Zool.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2010
VL 83
IS 1
BP 167
EP 173
DI 10.1086/644625
PG 7
WC Physiology; Zoology
SC Physiology; Zoology
GA 533SR
UT WOS:000272845800017
PM 19922288
ER
PT S
AU Slavin, JD
AF Slavin, Jonathan D.
BE LeRoux, JA
Florinski, V
Zank, GP
Coates, AJ
TI The Nature of the Circumheliospheric Interstellar Medium
SO PICKUP IONS THROUGHOUT THE HELIOSPHERE AND BEYOND
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th Annual International Astrophysics Conference
CY MAR 14-19, 2010
CL Maui, HI
SP Ctr Space Plasma & Aeronom Res
DE heliosphere; interstellar matter
ID ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION-FIELD; X-RAY-EMISSION; CHARGE-TRANSFER; LOCAL
BUBBLE; SOLAR-WIND; DENSITIES; CLOUD
AB Nearly all the pickup ions begin their lives as interstellar neutrals flowing into the heliosphere. Their flux and their interactions with the outer heliosphere depend on the nature of the interstellar medium (ISM) that surrounds heliosphere. This very local ISM is part of the Local Interstellar Cloud, which is believed to surround the Solar System. While we have more information about this cloud than any other region of the ISM, many uncertainties remain. I summarize our current knowledge about the cloud including the uncertainties and their possible impact on models for the heliosphere and pickup ions.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Slavin, JD (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, MS 83,60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
OI Slavin, Jonathan/0000-0002-7597-6935
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0857-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1302
BP 279
EP 284
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BTG72
UT WOS:000286910100040
ER
PT J
AU Oelmann, Y
Potvin, C
Mark, T
Werther, L
Tapernon, S
Wilcke, W
AF Oelmann, Yvonne
Potvin, Catherine
Mark, Timo
Werther, Lisa
Tapernon, Simone
Wilcke, Wolfgang
TI Tree mixture effects on aboveground nutrient pools of trees in an
experimental plantation in Panama
SO PLANT AND SOIL
LA English
DT Article
DE Tree nutrient storage; Tree diversity; Overyielding; Sardinilla Project
ID TROPICAL FORESTS; USE EFFICIENCY; MIXED PLANTATIONS; GRASSLAND
EXPERIMENT; EUROPEAN GRASSLANDS; SPECIES COMPOSITION; COSTA-RICA;
PRODUCTIVITY; BIODIVERSITY; BIOMASS
AB Mixed plantations might contribute to sustainable land use because of complementary nutrient use. Our objective was to assess the nutrient economy of five native tree species and their response to different neighbor trees in an experimental plantation in Panama. In our study, H. crepitans was the least nutrient efficient tree species. H. crepitans produced less biomass in mixtures than in monocultures while Cedrela odorata - the most nutrient efficient species - produced more biomass independent of stem growth rates because they acquired more nutrients in mixtures than in monocultures.Three-species mixtures had increased mean Ca concentrations in branches and stems and increased N, P, K, Ca, and Mg storage in aboveground biomass compared to monocultures suggesting complementary resource uptake. Our results highlight the need to properly consider species-specific nutrient requirements and species interactions when designing tree mixtures for afforestation.
C1 [Oelmann, Yvonne; Mark, Timo; Werther, Lisa; Tapernon, Simone; Wilcke, Wolfgang] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Geog, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
[Potvin, Catherine] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
[Potvin, Catherine] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada.
RP Oelmann, Y (reprint author), Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Geog, Johann Joachim Becher Weg 21, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
EM yvonne.oelmann@uni-mainz.de
RI Oelmann, Yvonne/J-8730-2016; Wilcke, Wolfgang/P-4620-2016
OI Oelmann, Yvonne/0000-0003-3513-6568; Wilcke,
Wolfgang/0000-0002-6031-4613
FU German Research Foundation [DFG Wi 1601/ 6- 1]
FX We thank two anonymous reviewers, Luitgard Schwendenmann and Erik Hobbie
for constructive comments on our manuscript. We are grateful to Jose
Monteza for continuous help in maintaining the experimental plantation.
Thanks to Norbert Kunert for sampling the stem material. We thank the
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama, for its constant
support of the Sardinilla Experiment and the processing of research
permits. We are grateful to Dylan Craven for providing nutrient
concentrations of the studied tree species from other locations in
Panama. This research was funded by the German Research Foundation ( DFG
Wi 1601/6-1) which we gratefully acknowledge. The "Geocycles" cluster of
the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz is thanked for the contribution
to improve the laboratory equipment used in this study.
NR 59
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 4
U2 39
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0032-079X
J9 PLANT SOIL
JI Plant Soil
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 326
IS 1-2
BP 199
EP 212
DI 10.1007/s11104-009-9997-x
PG 14
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 533UF
UT WOS:000272850200016
ER
PT J
AU Zotz, G
Asshoff, R
AF Zotz, G.
Asshoff, R.
TI Growth in epiphytic bromeliads: response to the relative supply of
phosphorus and nitrogen
SO PLANT BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Growth analysis; net assimilation; nutrient limitation; rain forest; RGR
ID VASCULAR EPIPHYTES; MINERAL-NUTRITION; FERTILIZATION; STOICHIOMETRY;
CARBOHYDRATE; LIMITATION; NUTRIENT; ECOLOGY; FORESTS; TRAITS
AB Insufficient nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) frequently limit primary production. Although most nutrient studies on vascular epiphytes have focused on N uptake, circumstantial evidence suggests that P rather than N is the most limiting element for growth in this plant group. We directly tested this by subjecting a total of 162 small individuals of three bromeliad species (Guzmania monostachia, Tillandsia elongata, Werauhia sanguinolenta) to three N and three P levels using a full-factorial experimental design, and determined relative growth rates (RGR) and nutrient acquisition over a period of 11 weeks. Both N and P supply had a significant effect on RGR, but only tissue P concentrations were correlated with growth. Uptake rates of N and P, in contrast, were not correlated with RGR. Increased nutrient supply led to an up to sevenfold increase in tissue P concentration compared to natural conditions, while concentrations of N hardly changed or even decreased. All treatment combinations, even at the lowest experimental P supply, led to decreased N:P ratios. We conclude that P is at least as limiting as N for vegetative function under natural conditions in these epiphytic bromeliads. This conclusion is in line with the general notion of the prevalence of P limitation for the functioning of terrestrial vegetation in the tropics.
C1 [Zotz, G.] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Biol & Umweltwissensch, AG Funkt Okol, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany.
[Zotz, G.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
[Asshoff, R.] Univ Basel, Inst Bot, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
RP Zotz, G (reprint author), Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Biol & Umweltwissensch, AG Funkt Okol, Postfach 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany.
EM gerhard.zotz@uni-oldenburg.de
NR 38
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 32
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1435-8603
J9 PLANT BIOLOGY
JI Plant Biol.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 12
IS 1
BP 108
EP 113
DI 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2009.00216.x
PG 6
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 530KK
UT WOS:000272589700011
PM 20653893
ER
PT B
AU Metcalf, G
AF Metcalf, Greg
BA Plasketes, G
BF Plasketes, G
TI The Same Yet Different/Different Yet the Same: Bob Dylan Under the Cover
of Covers
SO PLAY IT AGAIN: COVER SONGS IN POPULAR MUSIC
SE Ashgate Popular and Folk Music Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Metcalf, Greg] Smithsonian, Washington, DC 20004 USA.
[Metcalf, Greg] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Amer Studies, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Metcalf, Greg] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Art Hist, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Metcalf, Greg] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Comparat Literature, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Metcalf, Greg] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept English, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Metcalf, Greg] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Humanities, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Metcalf, G (reprint author), Smithsonian, Washington, DC 20004 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASHGATE PUBLISHING LTD
PI ALDERSHOT
PA GOWER HOUSE, CROFT ROAD, ALDERSHOT GU11 3HR, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-7546-9991-0; 978-0-7546-6809-1
J9 ASHG POP FOLK MUSIC
PY 2010
BP 177
EP 187
PG 11
WC Music
SC Music
GA BA5MQ
UT WOS:000336797800011
ER
PT J
AU Boyle, SA
Smith, AT
AF Boyle, Sarah Ann
Smith, Andrew T.
TI Behavioral modifications in northern bearded saki monkeys (Chiropotes
satanas chiropotes) in forest fragments of central Amazonia
SO PRIMATES
LA English
DT Article
DE Activity budget; Brazil; Chiropotes; Conservation; Fragmentation
ID EASTERN BRAZILIAN AMAZONIA; LOS-TUXTLAS; ALOUATTA-PALLIATA; PRIMATES;
MEXICO; PATTERNS; CONSERVATION; DIET; PREDATOR; RATES
AB We investigated behavioral differences among seven groups of northern bearded saki monkeys (Chiropotes satanas chiropotes) living in five forest fragments and two areas of continuous forest at the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project study area, located approximately 80 km north of Manaus, Brazil. We collected data in six research cycles from July-August 2003 to January 2005-April 2006. When bearded saki monkeys were present in a study area, we followed the group from dawn until dusk for three consecutive days. Every 5 min, we conducted behavioral scans of all visible individuals. There was a positive relationship between forest size and group size, but animals in the small forest fragments lived at greater densities. Bearded saki monkeys in the smaller fragments spent more time resting, less time traveling, and less time vocalizing, but there was no relationship between forest size and the amount of time spent feeding. Our results indicate that the main behavioral differences among the groups are related to the amount of forest resources (e.g., fruit trees, space) available to the monkeys in the smaller fragments, as well as the resulting smaller group sizes. We stress the need to preserve large tracts of forest and provide connectivity between forest patches.
C1 [Boyle, Sarah Ann] Rhodes Coll, Dept Biol, Memphis, TN 38112 USA.
[Boyle, Sarah Ann; Smith, Andrew T.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Boyle, Sarah Ann] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Inst Nacl Pesquisas Amazonia, Biol Dynam Forest Fragments Project, BR-69011970 Manaus, AM, Brazil.
RP Boyle, SA (reprint author), Rhodes Coll, Dept Biol, 2000 N Pkwy, Memphis, TN 38112 USA.
EM boyles@rhodes.edu
FU Brazil's Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico
(CNPq); Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais
Renovaveis (IBAMA); Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia (INPA);
Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP); Smithsonian
Tropical Research Institute; Arizona State University;
Fulbright/Institute of International Education; Margot Marsh
Biodiversity Foundation; Providing Educational Opportunities (PEO);
Primate Conservation, Inc.; Organization for Tropical Studies; American
Society of Primatologists
FX We acknowledge Brazil's Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico
e Tecnologico (CNPq), Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos
Recursos Naturais Renovaveis (IBAMA), and Instituto Nacional de
Pesquisas da Amazonia (INPA) for permission to conduct this research.
The Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP), Smithsonian
Tropical Research Institute, and Arizona State University provided
further logistical and financial support, and the Fulbright/Institute of
International Education, Margot Marsh Biodiversity Foundation, Providing
Educational Opportunities (PEO), Primate Conservation, Inc.,
Organization for Tropical Studies, American Society of Primatologists
provided additional funding. We thank A. M. dos Reis, O. F. da Silva, W.
C. Lourenc, L. R. da Silva, and W. R. Spironello for assistance in
Brazil, and E. W. Heymann, L. K. Marsh, and an anonymous reviewer for
comments that improved the manuscript. This is publication number 534 in
the BDFFP technical series.
NR 55
TC 26
Z9 28
U1 3
U2 24
PU SPRINGER TOKYO
PI TOKYO
PA 1-11-11 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0073, JAPAN
SN 0032-8332
J9 PRIMATES
JI Primates
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 51
IS 1
BP 43
EP 51
DI 10.1007/s10329-009-0169-7
PG 9
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 533UG
UT WOS:000272850300006
PM 19756917
ER
PT B
AU Perkins, JS
AF Perkins, Jeremy S.
CA VERITAS Collaboration
BE Kieda, DB
Gondolo, P
TI Recent Active Galactic Nuclei Results with VERITAS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2009 SNOWBIRD PARTICLE ASTROPHYSICS AND COSMOLOGY
WORKSHOP (SNOWPAC 2009)
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Snowbird Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Workshop (SNOWPAC 2009)
CY FEB 01-07, 2009
CL Snowbird, UT
ID BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; ENERGY GAMMA-RAYS; DISCOVERY; EMISSION; RADIATION;
COUNTS
AB We report on very high energy (VHE, E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray observations of several active galactic nuclei (AGN) with VERITAS, an array of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (TACT) located in southern Arizona. VERITAS, the most sensitive VHE instrument in the northern hemisphere, has recently discovered gamma-ray emission from the high-frequency peaked BL Lac (HBL) object 1ES 0806+524, and the intermediate-frequency peaked BL Lac (IBL) objects W Corn and 3C 66A. Additionally, VERITAS has many ongoing and completed multiwavelength campaigns and a very active blazar monitoring program.
C1 [Perkins, Jeremy S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
RP Perkins, JS (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-732-2
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 426
BP 27
EP 34
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR15
UT WOS:000287835400004
ER
PT B
AU Thaddeus, P
AF Thaddeus, Patrick
BE Babb, JF
Kirby, K
Sadeghpour, H
TI STILL MORE THOUGHTS ON INTERSTELLAR CHEMISTRY
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE DALGARNO CELEBRATORY SYMPOSIUM: CONTRIBUTIONS TO
ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS, ASTROPHYSICS, AND ATMOSPHERIC
PHYSICS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Dalgarno Celebratory Symposium
CY SEP 10-12, 2008
CL Radcliffe Yard, Cambridge, MA
SP Inst Theoret Atom, Mol & Opt Phys
HO Radcliffe Yard
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Thaddeus, P (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IMPERIAL COLL PRESS
PI LONDON
PA 57 SHELTON ST, COVENT GARDEN, LONDON WC2H 9HE, ENGLAND
BN 978-1-84816-469-7
PY 2010
BP 127
EP 128
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BRG39
UT WOS:000282672300011
ER
PT B
AU Zhang, P
Kharchenko, V
AF Zhang, Peng
Kharchenko, Vasili
BE Babb, JF
Kirby, K
Sadeghpour, H
TI APPROACH TO THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM IN ATOMIC COLLISIONS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE DALGARNO CELEBRATORY SYMPOSIUM: CONTRIBUTIONS TO
ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS, ASTROPHYSICS, AND ATMOSPHERIC
PHYSICS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Dalgarno Celebratory Symposium
CY SEP 10-12, 2008
CL Radcliffe Yard, Cambridge, MA
SP Inst Theoret Atom, Mol & Opt Phys
HO Radcliffe Yard
ID LINEAR BOLTZMANN-EQUATION; SUPRATHERMAL N(S-4) ATOMS; FOKKER-PLANCK
EQUATION; FAST NITROGEN-ATOMS; DISPERSION COEFFICIENTS; ENERGY-TRANSFER;
RESPONSE THEORY; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; LORENTZ GAS; RELAXATION
AB The energy relaxation of fast atoms moving in a thermal bath gas is explored theoretically. We found that two time scales characterize the equilibration, one a short time, in which the isotropic energy distribution profile relaxes to a Maxwellian shape at some intermediate effective temperature, and the second, a longer time in which the relaxation preserves a Maxwellian distribution and its effective temperature decreases continuously to the bath gas temperature. It is shown that the formation and preservation of a Maxwellian distribution does not depend on the projectile to bath gas atom mass ratio, contrary to predictions of the hard-sphere model. This two-stage behavior is universal. It arises due to the dominance of small angle scattering and small energy transfer in the collisions of neutral particles and reflects a fundamental property of long-range atomic forces. The Boltzmann equation is solved numerically for nitrogen in He and in Ar. The solutions are in close agreement with the experimental measurements of the evolving Doppler profiles of emission from excited initially energetic N atoms traversing bath gases of helium and argon. Our investigation provides the first experimental and theoretical evidence of the formation and preservation of hot Maxwell distributions with a time-dependent effective temperature in actual atomic gases.
C1 [Zhang, Peng; Kharchenko, Vasili] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom Mol & Opt Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Zhang, P (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom Mol & Opt Phys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 43
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU IMPERIAL COLL PRESS
PI LONDON
PA 57 SHELTON ST, COVENT GARDEN, LONDON WC2H 9HE, ENGLAND
BN 978-1-84816-469-7
PY 2010
BP 209
EP 229
PG 21
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BRG39
UT WOS:000282672300018
ER
PT B
AU Kharchenko, VA
AF Kharchenko, V. A.
BE Babb, JF
Kirby, K
Sadeghpour, H
TI HELIOSPHERIC X-RAYS INDUCED BY CHARGE-EXCHANGE COLLISIONS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE DALGARNO CELEBRATORY SYMPOSIUM: CONTRIBUTIONS TO
ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS, ASTROPHYSICS, AND ATMOSPHERIC
PHYSICS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Dalgarno Celebratory Symposium
CY SEP 10-12, 2008
CL Radcliffe Yard, Cambridge, MA
SP Inst Theoret Atom, Mol & Opt Phys
HO Radcliffe Yard
DE charge-exchange collisions; X-ray emission; cometary X-rays;
heliosphere; soft X-ray background
ID IONS; EMISSION; SPECTRA
AB Charge-exchange collisions between heavy solar wind ions and neutral atoms and molecules are considered as the mechanism to explain some astrophysical observations of X-ray and EUV emissions. Theoretical and experimental data on the charge-exchange emission spectra are reviewed. Physical characteristics of heliospheric sources of the charge-exchange X-rays are discussed. Modeling of X-ray and EUV spectra observed from different heliospheric objects is described in detail. Satellite observational data obtained with the Chandra and XMM-Newton X-ray telescopes are compared with our theoretical predictions. Contribution of the charge-exchange mechanism to the observed diffuse soft X-ray background is determined and the computed photon spectra are compared with the results of recent observations. X-ray diagnostics of the solar wind composition and velocity are considered. Examples of a determination of the solar wind ion composition from cometary and planetary X-ray spectra are presented.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Kharchenko, VA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM vkharchenko@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IMPERIAL COLL PRESS
PI LONDON
PA 57 SHELTON ST, COVENT GARDEN, LONDON WC2H 9HE, ENGLAND
BN 978-1-84816-469-7
PY 2010
BP 230
EP 241
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BRG39
UT WOS:000282672300019
ER
PT B
AU Babb, JF
AF Babb, James F.
BE Babb, JF
Kirby, K
Sadeghpour, H
TI THE HFS OF H(2)(+): ELECTRON-NUCLEAR COUPLING OF SPINS AND MOMENTA
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE DALGARNO CELEBRATORY SYMPOSIUM: CONTRIBUTIONS TO
ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS, ASTROPHYSICS, AND ATMOSPHERIC
PHYSICS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Dalgarno Celebratory Symposium
CY SEP 10-12, 2008
CL Radcliffe Yard, Cambridge, MA
SP Inst Theoret Atom, Mol & Opt Phys
HO Radcliffe Yard
ID HYDROGEN MOLECULAR ION; HYPERFINE-STRUCTURE; RYDBERG STATES; MICROWAVE
SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRUM; MOTION
AB Progress in calculations on the hyperfine structure (hfs) of the hydrogen molecular ion is summarized taking a long view with emphases on Alex Dalgarno's contributions and also on some recent developments.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Babb, JF (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM jbabb@cfa.harvard.edu; jbabb@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 37
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IMPERIAL COLL PRESS
PI LONDON
PA 57 SHELTON ST, COVENT GARDEN, LONDON WC2H 9HE, ENGLAND
BN 978-1-84816-469-7
PY 2010
BP 315
EP 319
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BRG39
UT WOS:000282672300025
ER
PT B
AU Kirby, K
AF Kirby, Kate
BE Babb, JF
Kirby, K
Sadeghpour, H
TI ITAMP HISTORY: PART III
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE DALGARNO CELEBRATORY SYMPOSIUM: CONTRIBUTIONS TO
ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS, ASTROPHYSICS, AND ATMOSPHERIC
PHYSICS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Dalgarno Celebratory Symposium
CY SEP 10-12, 2008
CL Radcliffe Yard, Cambridge, MA
SP Inst Theoret Atom, Mol & Opt Phys
HO Radcliffe Yard
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Kirby, K (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IMPERIAL COLL PRESS
PI LONDON
PA 57 SHELTON ST, COVENT GARDEN, LONDON WC2H 9HE, ENGLAND
BN 978-1-84816-469-7
PY 2010
BP 372
EP 375
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BRG39
UT WOS:000282672300031
ER
PT J
AU Brown, JW
Hoddle, MS
AF Brown, John W.
Hoddle, Mark S.
TI A NEW SPECIES OF HISTURA RAZOWSKI (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE:
POLYORTHINI) FROM GUATEMALA ATTACKING AVOCADOS (PERSEA AMERICANA)
(LAURACEAE)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE Histurodes; Central America; Chlidanotinae; pest species
ID STENOMA-CATENIFER LEPIDOPTERA; LARVAL PARASITOIDS; HASS AVOCADOS;
ELACHISTIDAE
AB Histura perseavora Brown, new species, from Guatemala, is described and illustrated. It is compared with Histura curvata (Meyrick) from Brazil and Histurodes costaricana Razowski from Costa Rica. All specimens of H. perseavora were reared from either fruit, fruit pedicels, or young green branches of avocados (Persea americana Mill.; Lauraceae) during efforts to identify lepidopteran pests of this commodity in Guatemala. Coincidentally, we discovered museum specimens of H. costaricana reared from avocados in Costa Rica. We present a brief review of the fragmentary knowledge of the larval stages of Polyorthini, the tribe to which H. perseavora is assigned.
C1 [Brown, John W.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Hoddle, Mark S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Hoddle, Mark S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Ctr Invas Species Res, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
RP Brown, JW (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM john.brown@ars.usda.gov; mark.hoddle@ucr.edu
FU California Avocado Commission
FX Illustrations of genitalia were rendered by David Adamski, USDA, ARS,
Systematic Entomology Laboratory, and those of the larva and pupa by
Diana Marquez; illustrations were arranged into plates by Mike Lewis,
Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside; and the
parasitoid was identified by Roger Burks, Department of Entomology,
University of California, Riverside. We thank the following for
providing helpful reviews of the manuscript: Robert Kula and Thomas
Henry, USDA, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, National Museum of
Natural History, Washington, DC, U.S.A.; Joaquin Baixeras, Institut
Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de
Valencia, Spain; and Richard Brown, Mississippi State University,
Starkville, Mississippi, U.S.A. Funding for field work in Guatemala was
provided in part by the California Avocado Commission.
NR 35
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0013-8797
J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 112
IS 1
BP 10
EP 21
DI 10.4289/0013-8797.112.1.253.10
PG 12
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 564OX
UT WOS:000275226000002
ER
PT J
AU Burns, JM
Janzen, DH
Hallwachs, W
AF Burns, John M.
Janzen, Daniel H.
Hallwachs, Winnie
TI OF MANY SIMILAR SPECIES IN THE NEOTROPICAL GENUS PORPHYROGENES
(LEPIDOPTERA: HESPERIIDAE), A NEW ONE, REPEATEDLY REARED IN COSTA RICA,
IS RELATIVELY DISTINCT
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE Genitalia (male and female); sexual dimorphism; caterpillars; pupae;
foodplants (Machaerium); DNA barcodes; tachinid parasitoid
AB Associating sexes in many species of the Neotropical hesperiid genus Pophyrogenes has been difficult, erroneous, or impossible, owing to their sexual dimorphism. Despite the extreme sexual dimorphism of Porphyrogenes peterwegei Burns, new species, full description of this rainforest skipper from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (ACG), northwestern Costa Rica, is no problem. The available sample amounts to nearly 100 reared adults, almost evenly divided between the sexes. Of these, 67 have been DNA barcoded and found to vary minimally in their COI haplotypes, with one haplotype predominating. Caterpillars and pupae consistently go through a distinctive set of developmental changes in their color patterns. Foodplant choice is conservative: of 227 immatures found in the wild, 94% were eating woody vines of the genus Machaerium, especially M. seemannii (Fabaceae), whereas 6% were feeding on the quite unrelated species Dichapetalum morenoi (Dichapetalaceae)-a peculiar pattern of larval foodplant selection seen in another skipper and two butterfly species in ACG. Caterpillars of P. peterwegei are occasionally attacked by a host-specific parasitoid (an undesribed tachinid of the genus Siphosturmia), which has not otherwise been encountered in 20,642 tachinid attacks on the caterpillars of >3,000 species of Lepidoptera in ACG. Morphologically, P. peterwegei differs significantly from its many congeners in both facies and genitalia.
C1 [Burns, John M.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Janzen, Daniel H.; Hallwachs, Winnie] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Burns, JM (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012,MRC 127,Room E-515, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM burnsj@si.edu; djanzen@sas.upenn.edu; whallwac@sas.upenn.edu
FU National Museum of Natural History; U.S. National Science Foundation
[BSR 9024770, DEB 9306296, 9400829, 9705072, 0072730, 0515699];
Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation; ACG
FX Our thanks to Donald Harvey for dissecting genitalia, Young Sohn for
drawing two of them (Figs. 5-8), Karie Darrow for photographing adults
(Figs. 1-4) and numbering plates, Mehrdad Hajibabaei for DNA barcoding,
Bernard Hermier for sharing his extensive knowledge of Porphyrogenes,
Sarah Burns for helping with various tasks, ACG parataxonomists for
finding and rearing the caterpillars and parasitoids, and John Shuey and
an anonymous reviewer for useful information. This study was supported
by the National Museum of Natural History Small Grants Program to JMB;
and by U.S. National Science Foundation grants BSR 9024770 and DEB
9306296, 9400829, 9705072, 0072730, and 0515699, and grants from
Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation Fund and ACG to DHJ.
NR 8
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0013-8797
J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 112
IS 1
BP 32
EP 42
DI 10.4289/0013-8797.112.1.32
PG 11
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 564OX
UT WOS:000275226000004
ER
PT J
AU Kula, RR
Boughton, AJ
Pemberton, RW
AF Kula, Robert R.
Boughton, Anthony J.
Pemberton, Robert W.
TI STANTONIA PALLIDA (ASHMEAD) (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) REARED FROM
NEOMUSOTIMA CONSPURCATALIS WARREN (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE), A CLASSICAL
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT OF LYGODIUM MICROPHYLLUM (CAV.) R. BR.
(POLYPODIALES: LYGODIACEAE)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE Cotesia; Glyptapanteles; host record; invasive species; melonworm;
Microgastrinae; nontarget effects; Old World climbing fern; Omiodes
indicata; Orgilinae; pickleworm; Rhygoplitis; soybean leaffolder
ID WORLD CLIMBING FERN; INVASIVE WEED; HOST-RANGE; FLORIDA; PYRALIDAE;
PICKLEWORM; DIAPHANIA; AUSTRALIA; MELONWORM; INSECTS
AB Stantonia pallida (Ashmead) sensu Braet and Quicke (2004) is reported from Neomusotima conspurcatalis Warren (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), a classical biological control agent of Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br. (Polypodiales: Lygodiaceae) in Florida. It is the first reported parasitoid of N. conspurcatalis. One undetermined species each of Cotesia Cameron, Glyptapanteles Ashmead, and Rhygoplitis Mason (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are likely parasitoids of N. conspurcatalis but need to be confirmed through rearing from host larvae isolated individually. The use of S. pallida, under the name Stantonia lamprosemae Muesebeck, for control of Diaphania hyalinata (Linnaeus) and Diaphania nitidalis (Stoll) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Florida is reviewed and used to illustrate the importance of systematics and natural history collections to classical biological control. The potential effects of these parasitoids on control of L. microphyllum in Florida are discussed.
C1 [Kula, Robert R.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Boughton, Anthony J.; Pemberton, Robert W.] ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
RP Kula, RR (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM Robert.Kula@ars.usda.gov; Anthony.Boughton@ars.usda.gov;
Robert.Pemberton@ars.usda.gov
NR 33
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 5
PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0013-8797
J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 112
IS 1
BP 61
EP 68
DI 10.4289/0013.8797.112.1.253.61
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 564OX
UT WOS:000275226000008
ER
PT J
AU Mathis, WN
Zatwarnicki, T
AF Mathis, Wayne N.
Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz
TI NEW SPECIES AND TAXONOMIC CLARIFICATIONS FOR SHORE FLIES FROM THE
DELMARVA STATES (DIPTERA: EPHYDRIDAE)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE taxonomic changes; Psilopa; Discocerina; Hydrochasma; Allotrichoma;
Hydrellia
ID REVISION
AB New species of shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae) from the Delmarva States are described, and taxonomic clarifications are made. The six new species are (type locality in parentheses): Discocerina delmarva (Virginia. Stafford: Aquia Harbour, Lions Park), Hydrochasma aquia (Virginia. Stafford.- Aquia Harbour, Lions Park), Hydrochasma avanae (Utah. Grand: Swasey Beach (N Green River; shore of Green River; 1255 m), Hydrochasma garvinorum (Virginia. Rappahannock: Hazel River (NW Culpeper; 171 m)), Allotrichoma deonieri (Virginia. Spotsylvania: Rappahannock River), and Hydrellia toma (Virginia. Fairfax: Great Falls (Clay Pond)). The taxonomic changes are as follows: Psilopa obscuripes Loew is the correct name for "P. compta" of New World authors, nec Meigen; Discocerina parva Loew is confirmed as a junior synonym of Discocerina obscurella (Fallen), and the identification of the latter species is clarified with detailed illustrations and description of structures of the male terminalia.
C1 [Mathis, Wayne N.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz] Opole Univ, Dept Biosystemat, PL-45052 Opole, Poland.
RP Mathis, WN (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, POB 37012,MRC 169, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM mathisw@si.edu; zatwar@uni.opole.pl
OI Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz/0000-0003-2163-0143
FU National Park Service; Williston Fund (Smithsonian Institution)
FX We gratefully acknowledge the assis tance and cooperation of many
organizations and individuals who contributed to the field work and
production of this paper. To Jon K. Gelhaus and Jason D. Weintraub
(ANSP) and their institution, who loaned specimens, we express our
sincere thanks. We thank Oliver S. Flint, Jr., Allen L. Norrbom, and
Richard S. Zack for reviewing a draft of this paper. Field work in the
George Washington Memorial Parkway was supported by a grant from the
National Park Service, and we especially thank Brent W. Steury for his
assistance, facilitation, and support. We also acknowledge the financial
support of the Williston Fund (Smithsonian Institution), especially for
study of specimens in other museums during the summers of 2007 and 2008.
NR 33
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 1
PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0013-8797
J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 112
IS 1
BP 97
EP 128
DI 10.4289/0013-8797.112.1.97
PG 32
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 564OX
UT WOS:000275226000011
ER
PT J
AU Smith, DR
de Carvalho, DV
AF Smith, David R.
de Carvalho, Davi Vilela
TI THREE NEW SPECIES OF AULACIDAE (HYMENOPTERA) FROM BRAZIL
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE Aulacus; Pristaulacus; neotropics; parasitic wasp
ID AMERICA
AB Three new species of Aulacidae, Aulacus gerais Smith and A. unicus Smith, from Minas Gerais, Brazil, and Pristaulacus petiense Smith, from Minas Gerais, Esperito Santo, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Santa Catarina, Brazil, are described. The species are illustrated and separated from described species of their respective genera.
C1 [Smith, David R.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[de Carvalho, Davi Vilela] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Zool, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
RP Smith, DR (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM dave.smith@ars.usda.gov; davibiofis@yahoo.com.br
NR 5
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 1
PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0013-8797
J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 112
IS 1
BP 140
EP 148
DI 10.4289/0013-8797.112.1.253.140
PG 9
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 564OX
UT WOS:000275226000013
ER
PT J
AU McKamey, SH
AF McKamey, Stuart H.
TI Baracoana, a junior synonym of Caribovia (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae:
Cicadellinae)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
C1 ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP McKamey, SH (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM stuart.mckamey@ars.usda.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0013-8797
J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 112
IS 1
BP 170
EP 171
DI 10.4289/0013-8797-112.1.170
PG 2
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 564OX
UT WOS:000275226000016
ER
PT J
AU Staines, CL
AF Staines, C. L.
TI Some Nomenclatural Notes on Hispines (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae:
Hispinae)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Staines, CL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 187,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM stainesc@si.edu
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0013-8797
J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 112
IS 1
BP 172
EP 173
DI 10.4289/0013-8797-112.1.172
PG 2
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 564OX
UT WOS:000275226000017
ER
PT B
AU Onofrio, R
AF Onofrio, Roberto
BE Milton, KA
Bordag, M
TI MACROSCOPIC QUANTUM VACUUM AND MICROSCOPIC GRAVITATION
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NINTH CONFERENCE ON QUANTUM FIELD THEORY UNDER THE
INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL CONDITIONS (QFEXT09)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th Conference on Quantum Field Theory under the Influence of External
Conditions
CY SEP 21-25, 2009
CL Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK
HO Univ Oklahoma
DE Casimir Forces; Non-Newtonian Gravitation; Higgs Particle; Compact
Astrophysical Objects
ID SAGITTARIUS A-ASTERISK; CASIMIR FORCE; PROPER-MOTION; RANGE;
RESTRICTIONS; GALAXY; LEADS
AB Macroscopic quantum vacuum and modern theories of gravitation share the strong interplay between geometry and physical phenomena. We review selected issues related to the accuracy of the measurement of Casimir forces with particular emphasis on the implications for the search of non-Newtonian gravitational forces in the micrometer range. We then discuss the interplay of the Higgs particle with gravitation, arguing that spectroscopic shifts in atomic transitions due to the modifications of the vacuum expectation value of the Higgs field in regions with strong curvature of space-time may be of conceptual and observational relevance.
C1 [Onofrio, Roberto] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis Galileo Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Onofrio, Roberto] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03766 USA.
[Onofrio, Roberto] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Onofrio, R (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis Galileo Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
EM onofrior@gmail.com
FU Julian Schwinger Foundation [JSF 08070000]
FX I would like to thank the QFEXT09 organizers for the kind invitation to
such a stimulating and successful meeting. I also acknowledge partial
support from the Julian Schwinger Foundation through grant JSF 08070000
on Astrophysics of Quantum Vacuum.
NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
BN 978-981-4289-85-6
PY 2010
BP 137
EP 146
PG 10
WC Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA BH0AS
UT WOS:000394477400015
ER
PT S
AU Henneken, EA
Eichhorn, G
Accomazzi, A
Kurtz, MJ
Grant, C
Thompson, D
Bohlen, E
Murray, SS
AF Henneken, Edwin A.
Eichhorn, Guenther
Accomazzi, Alberto
Kurtz, Michael J.
Grant, Carolyn
Thompson, Donna
Bohlen, Elizabeth
Murray, Stephen S.
BE Haubold, HJ
Mathai, AM
TI How the Literature is Used A View Through Citation and Usage Statistics
of the ADS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRD UN/ESA/NASA WORKSHOP ON THE INTERNATIONAL
HELIOPHYSICAL YEAR 2007 AND BASIC SPACE SCIENCE: NATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATORY OF JAPAN
SE Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd UN/ESA/NASA Workshop on the International Heliophysical Year 2007
and Basic Space Science
CY JUN 18-22, 2007
CL Natl Astronom Observ Japan, Tokyo, JAPAN
HO Natl Astronom Observ Japan
DE NASA/Smithsonian Astrophysics Data System; Citation statistics;
Bibliometrics; e-prints
AB The data holdings, usage and citation records of the NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) form a unique environment for bibliometric studies. Here we will highlight one such study. Using the citation and usage statistics from the NASA Astrophysics Data System, we study the impact of offering a paper as an electronic pre-print ("e-print") on the arXiv e-print repository, prior to its publication in a scholarly journal. We will address the following questions for astronomy: are people reading the e-prints from arXiv instead of the journal articles? Are e-prints read in a different way than journal articles? What is the impact of offering a paper as e-print prior to its publication in a scholarly journal? We will show that in astronomy, the e-prints are not being read instead of the journal article. As soon as the journal article is published, users prefer to read the article. Our analysis confirms that journal articles which were submitted as e-print on arXiv, prior to their publication, show higher citation rates than journal articles that were not submitted as e-print.
C1 [Henneken, Edwin A.; Eichhorn, Guenther; Accomazzi, Alberto; Kurtz, Michael J.; Grant, Carolyn; Thompson, Donna; Bohlen, Elizabeth; Murray, Stephen S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Henneken, EA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM ehenneken@cfa.harvard.edu
RI Eichhorn, Guenther/C-9480-2009;
OI Eichhorn, Guenther/0000-0002-3032-1978; Grant,
Carolyn/0000-0003-4424-7366; Thompson, Donna/0000-0001-6870-2365;
Henneken, Edwin/0000-0003-4264-2450; Accomazzi,
Alberto/0000-0002-4110-3511
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1570-6591
BN 978-3-642-03323-0
J9 ASTROPHYSICS SPACE
PY 2010
BP 141
EP 147
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-03325-4_12
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BZM05
UT WOS:000301987100012
ER
PT J
AU Sabin, L
Zijlstra, AA
Wareing, C
Corradi, RLM
Mampaso, A
Viironen, K
Wright, NJ
Parker, QA
AF Sabin, Laurence
Zijlstra, Albert A.
Wareing, Christopher
Corradi, Romano L. M.
Mampaso, Antonio
Viironen, Kerttu
Wright, Nicholas J.
Parker, Quentin A.
TI New Candidate Planetary Nebulae in the IPHAS Survey: the Case of
Planetary Nebulae with ISM interaction
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF AUSTRALIA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop in honor of Agnes Acker on Legacies of the
Macquarie/AAO/Strasbourg H-alpha Planetary Nebula Project (MASH)
CY FEB 16-18, 2009
CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA
DE ISM; planetary nebulae: general; surveys
ID H-ALPHA SURVEY; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; MASH
AB We present the results of the search for candidate Planetary Nebulae interacting with the interstellar medium (PN-ISM) in the framework of the INT Photometric Ha Survey (IPHAS) and located in the right ascension range 18-20 h. The detection capability of this new Northern survey, in terms of depth and imaging resolution, has allowed us to overcome the detection problem generally associated to the low surface brightness inherent to PNe-ISM. We discuss the detection of 21 IPHAS PN-ISM candidates. Thus, different stages of interaction were observed, implying various morphologies i.e. from the unaffected to totally disrupted shapes. The majority of the sources belong to the so-called WZO2 stage which main characteristic is a brightening of the nebula's shell in the direction of motion. The new findings are encouraging as they would be a first step into the reduction of the scarcity of observational data and they would provide new insights into the physical processes occurring in the rather evolved PNe.
C1 [Sabin, Laurence; Zijlstra, Albert A.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Wareing, Christopher] Univ Leeds, Dept Appl Math, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
[Corradi, Romano L. M.; Mampaso, Antonio; Viironen, Kerttu] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Tenerife, Spain.
[Wright, Nicholas J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Parker, Quentin A.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Phys, Anglo Australian Observ, Sydney, NSW 2190, Australia.
RP Sabin, L (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
EM laurence.sabin@manchester.ac.uk
OI Wareing, Christopher/0000-0001-9641-0861
NR 18
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 4
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1323-3580
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC AUST
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust.
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 2
BP 166
EP 173
DI 10.1071/AS09046
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 602IX
UT WOS:000278133900006
ER
PT J
AU Masci, FJ
Cutri, RM
Francis, PJ
Nelson, BO
Huchra, JP
Jones, DH
Colless, M
Saunders, W
AF Masci, Frank J.
Cutri, Roc M.
Francis, Paul J.
Nelson, Brant O.
Huchra, John P.
Jones, D. Heath
Colless, Matthew
Saunders, Will
TI The Southern 2MASS Active Galactic Nuclei Survey: Spectroscopic
Follow-up with Six Degree Field
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF AUSTRALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: active; quasars: general; infrared: general; surveys
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; BRIGHT QUASAR SURVEY;
RED QUASARS; REDDENED QUASARS; DATA RELEASE; SCHMIDT TELESCOPE; REDSHIFT
SURVEY; IMAGING SURVEY; HOST GALAXIES
AB The Two Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS) has provided a uniform photometric catalog to search for previously unknown red active galactic nuclei (AGN) and Quasi-Stellar Objects (QSOs). We have extended the search to the southern equatorial sky by obtaining spectra for 1182 AGN candidates using the six degree field (6dF) multifibre spectrograph on the UK Schmidt Telescope. These were scheduled as auxiliary targets for the 6dF Galaxy Redshift Survey. The candidates were selected using a single color cut of J - K(s) > 2 to K(s) less than or similar to 15.5 and a galactic latitude of vertical bar b vertical bar > 30 degrees. 432 spectra were of sufficient quality to enable a reliable classification. 116 sources (similar to 27%) were securely classified as type I AGN, 20 as probable type I AGN, and 57 as probable type II AGN. Most of them span the redshift range 0.05 < z< 0.5 and only 8 (similar to 6%) were previously identified as AGN or QSOs. Our selection leads to a significantly higher AGN identification rate amongst local galaxies (> 20%) than in any previous (mostly blue-selected) galaxy survey. A small fraction of the type I AGN could have their optical colors reddened by optically thin dust with A(V) < 2 mag relative to optically selected QSOs. A handful show evidence of excess far-infrared (IR) emission. The equivalent width (EW) and color distributions of the type I and II AGN are consistent with AGN unified models. In particular, the EW of the [OIII] emission line weakly correlates with optical-near-IR color in each class of AGN, suggesting anisotropic obscuration of the AGN continuum. Overall, the optical properties of the 2MASS red AGN are not dramatically different from those of optically-selected QSOs. Our near-IR selection appears to detect the most near-IR luminous QSOs in the local universe to z similar or equal to 0.6 and provides incentive to extend the search to deeper near-IR surveys.
C1 [Masci, Frank J.; Cutri, Roc M.; Nelson, Brant O.] CALTECH, Ctr Infrared Proc & Anal, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Francis, Paul J.] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
[Huchra, John P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Jones, D. Heath; Colless, Matthew; Saunders, Will] Anglo Australian Observ, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia.
RP Masci, FJ (reprint author), CALTECH, Ctr Infrared Proc & Anal, Caltech 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM fmasci@caltech.edu
OI Colless, Matthew/0000-0001-9552-8075
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science
Foundation [AST0406906]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; U.S. Department of
Energy; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education
Funding Council for England; National Academy of Sciences
FX This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky
Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and
the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of
Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
and the National Science Foundation. Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II
has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating
Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of
Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese
Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding
Council for England. The SDSS website is http://www.sdss.org/. This
research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) and
the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive (IRSA), which are operated by the
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The
6dFGS was carried out by the Anglo-Australian Observatory and the 6dFGS
team (http://www.aao.gov.au/local/ www/6df/6dFGSteam.html), who have all
contributed to the work presented here. This work was carried out at the
California Institute of Technology, with funding from the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration. RMC acknowledges support from the
National Academy of Sciences James Craig Watson Medal award. JPH was
supported in part by NSF Grant AST0406906. We thank the anonymous
referee for helpful comments.
NR 59
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1323-3580
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC AUST
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust.
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 3
BP 302
EP 320
DI 10.1071/AS10001
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 649TV
UT WOS:000281797700011
ER
PT J
AU Quillen, AC
Neumayer, N
Oosterloo, T
Espada, D
AF Quillen, Alice C.
Neumayer, Nadine
Oosterloo, Tom
Espada, Daniel
TI The Warped Disk of Centaurus A from a Radius of 2 to 6500 pc
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF AUSTRALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: individual (NGC 5128, Cen A); galaxies: jets; galaxies: nuclei
ID ACCRETION DISKS; MOLECULAR GAS; BLACK-HOLE; EVOLUTION; KINEMATICS; JET;
PRECESSION; NGC-5128; ORIGIN; MASS
AB We compile position and inclination angles for tilted ring fits to the warped dusty and gaseous disk of Cen A, spanning a radius of 1.8 to 6500 pc, from recent observations. For radii exterior to 1 kpc, tilted-ring orientations lie on an arc, on a plot of polar-inclination versus position-angle, suggesting that precession following a merger can account for the ring morphology. Three kinks in the ring orientations are seen on the polar plot, the one at radius of about 1.3 kpc we suspect corresponds to the location where self-gravity in the disk affects the ring precession rate. Another at a radius of about 600 pc may be associated with a gap in the gas distribution. A third kink is seen at a radius of 100 pc. A constant inclination tilted disk precessing about the jet axis may describe the disk between 100 and 20 pc but not interior to this. A model with disk orientation matching the molecular circumnuclear disk at 100 pc that decays at smaller radii to an inner flat disk perpendicular to the jet may account for disk orientations within 100 pc. Neither model would account for the cusps or changes in disk orientation at 100 or 600 pc.
C1 [Quillen, Alice C.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
[Neumayer, Nadine] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Oosterloo, Tom] Netherlands Fdn Res Astron, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands.
[Oosterloo, Tom] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands.
[Espada, Daniel] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Espada, Daniel] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain.
RP Quillen, AC (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
EM aquillen@pas.rochester.edu
OI Neumayer, Nadine/0000-0002-6922-2598
FU European Commission [MOIF-CT-2006-40298]; DFG; NASA [HST-AR-10972]
FX We thank Joss Bland-Hawthorn, Aneta Siemiginowska, Richard Nelson and
Gordon Ogilvie for helpful discussions. D. E. is supported by a Marie
Curie International Fellowship (MOIF-CT-2006-40298) granted by the
European Commission. N.N. is supported by the DFG cluster of excellence
'Origin and Structure of the Universe'. Support for this work was in
part provided by by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech, and
HST-AR-10972 to the Space Telescope Science Institute. A. C. Q. thanks
the Newton Institute for support and hospitality during the fall of
2009.
NR 25
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1323-3580
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC AUST
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust.
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 4
BP 396
EP 401
DI 10.1071/AS09069
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 663HC
UT WOS:000282873000003
ER
PT J
AU Inanez, JG
Speakman, RJ
Garrigos, JBI
Glascock, MD
AF Inanez, J. G.
Speakman, R. J.
Buxeda i Garrigos, J.
Glascock, M. D.
TI Chemical characterization of tin-lead glazed ceramics from Aragon
(Spain) by neutron activation analysis
SO RADIOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Majolica; Neutron activation analysis (NAA); Provenance; Multivariate
statistics; Spain
ID POTTERY; ARCHAEOMETRY
AB Majolica pottery was the most characteristic tableware produced in Spain during the Medieval and Renaissance periods. A study of the three main production centers in the historical region of Aragon during Middle Ages and Renaissance was conducted on a set of 71 samples. The samples were analyzed by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), and the resulting data were interpreted using an array of multivariate statistical procedures. Our results show a clear discrimination among different production centers allowing a reliable provenance attribution of ceramic sherds from the Aragonese workshops.
C1 [Inanez, J. G.; Speakman, R. J.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
[Inanez, J. G.; Buxeda i Garrigos, J.] Univ Barcelona, Fac Geog & Hist, Cultura Mat & Arqueometria Univ Barcelona ARQ UB, Barcelona 08001, Catalonia, Spain.
[Glascock, M. D.] Univ Missouri, Res Reactor Ctr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
RP Inanez, JG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
EM Inanezj@si.edu
RI Buxeda i Garrigos, Jaume/E-7228-2014;
OI Buxeda i Garrigos, Jaume/0000-0001-6857-8448; Glascock, Michael
D./0000-0003-0686-7556; Inanez, Javier/0000-0002-1411-8099; Speakman,
Robert/0000-0003-2063-154X
FU European Community [PIOF-GA-2008-221399]; Ministerio de Ciencia e
Innovacion [HAR2008-02834]; National Science Foundation [0504015]
FX This work forms part of the project "ARCHSYMB" within the Marie Curie
International Outgoing Fellowship for Career Development Program of the
European Community PIOF-GA-2008-221399, and the TECNOLONIAL
(HAR2008-02834) funded by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion. Authors
also are indebted to the Museu de la Ceramica de Barcelona for its
collaboration providing the samples. Special thanks are extended to
Nicole Little for assistance with laboratory work at MURR. The
laboratory work at MURR was supported in part by National Science
Foundation grant no. 0504015.
NR 26
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 8
PU OLDENBOURG VERLAG
PI MUNICH
PA LEKTORAT MINT, POSTFACH 80 13 60, D-81613 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 0033-8230
J9 RADIOCHIM ACTA
JI Radiochim. Acta
PY 2010
VL 98
IS 8
BP 525
EP 531
DI 10.1524/ract.2010.1743
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 644PB
UT WOS:000281390400011
ER
PT S
AU Silver, EH
Brickhouse, NS
Lin, T
Chen, GX
Kirby, K
Gillaspy, JD
Tan, JN
Laming, JM
AF Silver, E. H.
Brickhouse, N. S.
Lin, T.
Chen, G. X.
Kirby, K.
Gillaspy, J. D.
Tan, J. N.
Laming, J. M.
BE Chaudhuri, RK
Mekkaden, MV
Raveendran, AV
Narayanan, AS
TI X-Ray Spectroscopy of Highly Charged Ions in Laboratory and
Astrophysical Plasmas
SO RECENT ADVANCES IN SPECTROSCOPY: THEORETICAL, ASTROPHYSICAL AND
EXPERIMENTAL PERSPECTIVES
SE Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Recent Advances in Spectroscopy -
Theoretical, Astrophysical and Experimental Perspectives
CY JAN 28-31, 2009
CL Indian Inst Astrophys, Kodaikanal Observatory, Bangalore, INDIA
HO Indian Inst Astrophys, Kodaikanal Observatory
ID FE-XVII; DIAGNOSTIC LINES; EMISSION; MICROCALORIMETER; RESOLUTION;
SPECTRA; TRAP; CHANDRA
AB The Universe is rich with X-ray sources which can now be observed with unprecedented resolution using instruments on Chandra and XMM-Newton. In order to interpret their spectral signatures and derive reliable information regarding the physical characteristics and the dynamics of these objects and their environments, detailed spectral models have been developed which require vast amounts of highly accurate data on atomic collisional and radiative properties for ions in a broad range of ionization states. These data are usually obtained from theoretical calculations through which a large parameter space of physical conditions such as temperature and density can be explored. Critical to the reliability of these models is the careful benchmarking of the theoretically generated data through high-precision laboratory measurements. To provide a picture of the astrophysics, the goal is to develop a set of key spectroscopic diagnostics with an accuracy (similar to 5-10%) that is commensurate with the uncertainties in the highest quality astrophysical spectra. Using a broad band, high resolution X-ray microcalorimeter coupled to an EBIT, we are studying the behavior of highly charged plasma ions. Our goals for accuracy and reliability are now achievable and some of our results are presented here. A new technique for improving the measurement accuracy is also described.
C1 [Silver, E. H.; Brickhouse, N. S.; Lin, T.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Chen, G. X.; Kirby, K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Gillaspy, J. D.; Tan, J. N.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Laming, J. M.] US NRL, Ctr Space Sci, Washington, DC USA.
RP Silver, EH (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM esilver@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Brickhouse, Nancy/0000-0002-8704-4473
FU NASA [NNX- 08-AK33G]
FX E. Silver acknowledges support in part from NASA Grant NNX- 08-AK33G. We
thank J. Pomeroy for assistance in some of the experiments.
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
SN 1570-6591
BN 978-3-642-10321-6
J9 ASTROPHYSICS SPACE
PY 2010
BP 1
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-10322-3_1
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BPU05
UT WOS:000279938400001
ER
PT S
AU Mallik, SV
Brickhouse, NS
Dupree, AK
AF Mallik, Sushma V.
Brickhouse, N. S.
Dupree, A. K.
BE Chaudhuri, RK
Mekkaden, MV
Raveendran, AV
Narayanan, AS
TI Simultaneous X-ray and Optical Observations of the T Tauri star TW Hya
SO RECENT ADVANCES IN SPECTROSCOPY: THEORETICAL, ASTROPHYSICAL AND
EXPERIMENTAL PERSPECTIVES
SE Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Recent Advances in Spectroscopy -
Theoretical, Astrophysical and Experimental Perspectives
CY JAN 28-31, 2009
CL Indian Inst Astrophys, Kodaikanal Observatory, Bangalore, INDIA
HO Indian Inst Astrophys, Kodaikanal Observatory
ID ROTATION PERIODS; HYDRAE; VARIABILITY; CHANDRA; ARRAY
AB We report preliminary results obtained from a spectroscopy and photometry campaign of the T Tauri star TW Hya in February- March, 2007. A long HETG observation with CHANDRA and simultaneous optical observations around the world have been carried out to investigate the relationship between the X-ray emission and optical variability and to connect these to the accretion and wind characteristics of the star.
C1 [Mallik, Sushma V.] Indian Inst Astrophys, Bangalore 560034, Karnataka, India.
[Brickhouse, N. S.; Dupree, A. K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA.
RP Mallik, SV (reprint author), Indian Inst Astrophys, Bangalore 560034, Karnataka, India.
EM sgvmlk@iiap.res.in; dupree@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Brickhouse, Nancy/0000-0002-8704-4473
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
SN 1570-6591
BN 978-3-642-10321-6
J9 ASTROPHYSICS SPACE
PY 2010
BP 193
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-10322-3_18
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BPU05
UT WOS:000279938400018
ER
PT B
AU Collette, BB
AF Collette, Bruce B.
BE Cole, KS
TI Reproduction and Development in Epipelagic Fishes
SO REPRODUCTION AND SEXUALITY IN MARINE FISHES: PATTERNS AND PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID DOLPHINFISH CORYPHAENA-HIPPURUS; WESTERN CENTRAL ATLANTIC; TUNA
THUNNUS-ORIENTALIS; SOUTHERN BLUEFIN TUNA; NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN;
HEMIRAMPHUS-BRASILIENSIS; ACANTHOCYBIUM-SOLANDRI;
GASTEROCHISMA-MELAMPUS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Collette, BB (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM collettb@si.edu
NR 165
TC 4
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 3
PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS
PI OAKLAND
PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA
BN 978-0-520-94797-9; 978-0-520-26433-5
PY 2010
BP 21
EP 63
D2 10.1525/california/9780520264335.001.0001
PG 43
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA BXI65
UT WOS:000296188800004
ER
PT J
AU Kersey, DC
Wildt, DE
Brown, JL
Snyder, RJ
Huang, Y
Monfort, SL
AF Kersey, David C.
Wildt, David E.
Brown, Janine L.
Snyder, Rebecca J.
Huang, Yan
Monfort, Steven L.
TI Endocrine milieu of perioestrus in the giant panda (Ailuropoda
melanoleuca), as determined by non-invasive hormone measures
SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE bear reproduction; faecal hormones
ID MONITORING OVARIAN-FUNCTION; FECAL STEROID ANALYSIS;
PAPIO-CYNOCEPHALUS-CYNOCEPHALUS; BEAR HELARCTOS-MALAYANUS;
URSUS-ARCTOS-YESOENSIS; URINARY; PREGNANCY; FECES; REPRODUCTION;
METABOLITES
AB The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of faecal hormonal measures for evaluating ovarian activity in a significant sized cohort of giant pandas during the perioestrual period. Faecal excretion of oestrogen and progestagen metabolites corresponded with urinary patterns and receptive behaviours. Longitudinal assessment of 10 females revealed that, on average, faecal oestrogen concentrations started to rise (P<0.05) above baseline (baseline mean +/- s.e.m.; 64.7 +/- 6.6 ng g(-1)) 5 days before the preovulatory oestrogen peak (484.6 +/- 126.8 ng g(-1)), which was followed by a gradual descent over 4 days to nadir. Mean faecal progestagen metabolite concentrations increased approximately twofold above baseline (from 186.2 +/- 37.7 to 347.2 +/- 75.7 ng g(-1); P<0.05) during the 20-day interval after the preovulatory oestrogen surge. Variability within and among females precluded the use of a threshold of oestrogen or progestagen metabolites to predict reproductive status, yet faeces collected 2-3 days per week provided sufficient data to recognise that an individual was in the perioestrual period. Finally, in females that were examined for at least 3 consecutive years, there was an 18-53 day variation in the onset and an 8-13 day variation in the duration of perioestrual behaviour from year to year. In summary, these findings indicate that gonadal hormone profiles associated with the period immediately before, during and after oestrus are accurately revealed by analysis of the fibrous faeces of the giant panda. This approach has potential value for providing point-in-time information on the reproductive status of free-living individuals.
C1 [Kersey, David C.; Wildt, David E.; Brown, Janine L.; Monfort, Steven L.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA.
[Snyder, Rebecca J.] Zoo Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30315 USA.
[Huang, Yan] China Conservat & Res Ctr Giant Panda, Wenchuan 623006, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
RP Kersey, DC (reprint author), Western Univ Hlth Sci, Coll Vet Med, Pomona, CA 91766 USA.
EM dkersey@westernu.edu
FU National Zoo; Smithsonian National Zoological Park
FX The authors thank Susan Walker, Adrienne Crosier, Nicole Abbondanza,
Karen Steinman, Copper Aitken-Palmer and Nicole Presley for logistical
support. Special thanks to Nicole Savageau, Bridgette von Holdt, Jessica
Beckman, Valerie Parkman, Serena Enloe and Corinna Bazlett for
laboratory assistance. The authors also acknowledge the enormous
contributions made by the keepers and curatorial staff at the
Smithsonian National Zoological Park, Zoo Atlanta and the China
Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda in terms of the
frequent and accurate sample collection. This study was supported by The
Friends of the National Zoo and the Smithsonian National Zoological
Park.
NR 62
TC 17
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 14
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1031-3613
J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP
JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev.
PY 2010
VL 22
IS 6
BP 901
EP 912
DI 10.1071/RD09178
PG 12
WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology
SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology
GA 618VN
UT WOS:000279384100002
PM 20591324
ER
PT S
AU Frebel, A
AF Frebel, Anna
BE VonBerlepsch, R
TI Stellar archaeology: Exploring the Universe with metal-poor stars
SO REVIEWS IN MODERN ASTRONOMY, VOL 22: DECIPHERING THE UNIVERSE THROUGH
SPECTROSCOPY
SE Reviews in Modern Astronomy
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Scientific Conference of the Society on Deciphering the
Universe through Spectroscopy
CY SEP 21-25, 2009
CL Potsdam, GERMANY
ID NEUTRON-CAPTURE ELEMENTS; DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXY;
HIGH-DISPERSION-SPECTROGRAPH; COMPREHENSIVE ABUNDANCE ANALYSIS;
NEAR-ULTRAVIOLET OBSERVATIONS; CARBON-RICH OBJECTS; KECK PILOT PROGRAM;
GIANT BRANCH STARS; LESS-THAN -5.0; S-PROCESS-RICH
AB The abundance patterns of the most metal-poor stars in the Galactic halo and small dwarf galaxies provide us with a wealth of information about the early Universe. In particular, these old survivors allow us to study the nature of the first stars and supernovae, the relevant nucleosynthesis processes responsible for the formation and evolution of the elements, early star-and galaxy formation processes, as well as the assembly process of the stellar halo from dwarf galaxies a long time ago. This review presents the current state of the field of "stellar archaeology" - the diverse use of metal-poor stars to explore the high-redshift Universe and its constituents. In particular, the conditions for early star formation are discussed, how these ultimately led to a chemical evolution, and what the role of the most iron-poor stars is for learning about Population III supernovae yields. Rapid neutron-capture signatures found in metal-poor stars can be used to obtain stellar ages, but also to constrain this complex nucleosynthesis process with observational measurements. Moreover, chemical abundances of extremely metal-poor stars in different types of dwarf galaxies can be used to infer details on the formation scenario of the halo and the role of dwarf galaxies as Galactic building blocks. I conclude with an outlook as to where this field may be heading within the next decade. A table of similar to 1000 metal-poor stars and their abundances as collected from the literature is provided in electronic format.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Frebel, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 20, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM afrebel@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 155
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0941-1445
BN 978-3-527-41055-2
J9 REV MOD ASTRON
PY 2010
VL 22
BP 53
EP 80
PG 28
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Spectroscopy
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Spectroscopy
GA BA7ES
UT WOS:000337503100003
ER
PT J
AU Duarte, M
Robbins, RK
AF Duarte, Marcelo
Robbins, Robert K.
TI Description and phylogenetic analysis of the Calycopidina (Lepidoptera,
Lycaenidae, Theclinae, Eumaeini): a subtribe of detritivores
SO REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ENTOMOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Butterfly; distribution; implied weighting; neotropical region; taxonomy
ID FEMALE LEPIDOPTERA; IMMATURE STAGES; HEWITSON; SIGNA
AB Description and phylogenetic analysis of the Calycopidina (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae, Eumaeini): a subtribe of detritivores. The purpose of this paper is to establish a phylogenetic basis for a new Eumaeini subtribe that includes those lycaenid genera in which detritivory has been recorded. Morphological characters were coded for 82 species of the previously proposed "Lamprospilus Section" of the Eumaeini (19 of these had coding identical to another species), and a phylogenetic analysis was performed using the 63 distinct ingroup terminal taxa and six outgroups belonging to four genera. Taxonomic results include the description in the Eumaeini of Calycopidina Duarte & Robbins new subtribe (type genus Calycopis Scudder, 1876), which contains Lamprospilus Geyer, Badecla Duarte & Robbins new genus (type species Thecla badaca Hewitson), Arzecla Duarte & Robbins new genus (type species Thecla arza Hewitson), Arumecla Robbins & Duarte, Camissecla Robbins & Duarte, Electroshymon Clench, Rubroserrata K. Johnson & Kroenlein revalidated status, Ziegleria K. Johnson, Kisutam K. Johnson & Kroenlein revalidated status, and Calycopis. Previous "infratribe" names Angulopina K. Johnson & Kroenlein, 1993, and Calycopina K. Johnson & Kroenlein, 1993, are nomenclaturally unavailable and polyphyletic as proposed. New combinations include Badecla badaca (Hewitson), Badecla picentia (Hewitson), Badecla quadramacula (Austin & K. Johnson), Badecla lanckena (Schaus), Badecla argentinensis (K. Johnson & Kroenlein), Badecla clarissa (Draudt), Arzecla arza (Hewitson), Arzecla lama (Godman & Salvin), Arzecla canacha (Hewitson), Arzecla calatia (Hewitson), Arzecla tucumanensis (K. Johnson & Kroenlein), Arzecla sethon (Godman & Salvin), Arzecla nubilum (H. H. Druce), Arzecla paralus (Godman & Salvin), Arzecla taminella (Schaus), Arzecla albolineata (Lathy), Electroshymon denarius (Butler & H.Druce), Electroshymon guzanta (Schaus), Electrostrymon perisus (H. H. Druce), Rubroserrata mathewi (Hewitson), Rubroserrata ecbatana (Hewitson), Kisutam micandriana (K. Johnson), and Kisutam syllis (Godman & Salvin). The structure of the male genitalia lateral window, labides, and brush organs are described and discussed, as are the female genitalia signa of the corpus bursae and 8(th) abdominal tergum. Widespread wing pattern sexual dimorphism in the Calycopidina is noted and illustrated, and the presence of alternating dark and light bands on the ventral wings of both sexes is discussed. The evidence for detritivory in Lamprospilus, Badecla, Arzecla, Arumecla, Camissecla, Electrostrymon, Ziegleria, Kisutam, and Calycopis is summarized using the new classification.
C1 [Duarte, Marcelo] Univ Sao Paulo, Museu Zool, BR-04263000 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Robbins, Robert K.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Duarte, M (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Museu Zool, Ave Nazare 481, BR-04263000 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
EM mduartes@usp.br; robbinsr@si.edu
RI Duarte, Marcelo/K-7633-2012; Museu de Zoologia da USP,
MZ-USP/Q-2192-2016
FU Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior/CAPES
[BEX0385/01-8]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao
Paulo/FAPESP [02/13898-0, 03/13985-3]; Pro-Reitoria de Pesquisa da
Universidade de Sao Paulo/USP/Projeto 1
FX For allowing us access over the past three decades to collections under
their care, we thank the responsible curators at the Colecao
Entomologica Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure da Universidade Federal do Parana,
Fundacao Institut Oswaldo Cruz, Museo de Historia Natural de Universidad
Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Muse Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales,
Museo del Institut de Zoologia Agricola, Universidad Nacional Autonoma
de Mexico (Facultad de Sciences and Institut() de Biologia), Allyn
Museum of Entomology (Florida State Museum), Los Angeles County Museum,
Carnegie Museum of Natural History, American Museum of Natural History,
Oregon State University, Milwaukee Public Museum, Museum of Comparative
Zoology, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Zoologische
Staatssammlung, Staatliches Museum Ilk Naturkunde, Forschungsinstitut
und Naturmuseum Senckenberg, Museum fur Naturkunde der
Humboldt-Universitat, Natural History Museum, National Natuurhistorische
Museum ("Naturalis"), and Zoological Museum at the University of
Copenhagen. For allowing us to examine specimens in their private
collections (some now deposited in museums), we thank Dick Anderson,
Keith Brown, Robert Busby, Charles Covell, Jason Hall, Roy Kendall, Mike
McInnis, Stan Nicolay, and too many others to list. For discussions on
hairstreak systematics, we are grateful to Stan Nicolay, Robert Busby,
Jason Hall, Mike McInnis, and Bo Sullivan. For discussions on
nomenclature related to this paper, we thank Gerardo Lamas and Jeffrey
Glassberg. We are pleased to acknowledge our collaborators on eumaeine
molecular systematics, Tiago Quental and Naomi Pierce, and our
collaborators on detritivory, Annette Aiello, Amy Berkov, Julie
Feinstein, and Warren Steiner. We thank Don Harvey for discussions over
many years on detritivory and rearing immatures. We thank Brian Harris
for many kinds of technical help. We thank Karie Darrow for the
photographic plates in this paper and Vichai Malikul for the expert
illustrations. The Willi Hennig Society provided free downloads of TNT
software. For discussions on phylogenetic analysis, we are grateful to
Sean Brady, Jon Coddington, Robert Kula, Peterson L. Lopes, Wayne
Mathis, Cristiano Moreira, Silvio Nihei, and Ted Schultz. For reading
and commenting on the paper, we are most grateful to Robert C. Busby,
Sonia A. Casari, Andre V. L. Freitas, Carlos Jose E. Lamas, Gerardo
Lamas, and Carlos Pena. For supporting Duarte during his "sandwich"
fellowship to Smithsonian, during which this project began, we arc
grateful to Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel
Superior/CAPES (process number BEX0385/01-8). For supporting travel by
both Duarte and Robbins and for substantial funds, we thank Fundacao de
Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo/FAPESP (as part of the project
"Systematics, Bionomy, and Evolution of Neotropical Lepidoptera";
process numbers 02/13898-0 and 03/13985-3) and Pro-Reitoria de Pesquisa
da Universidade de Sao Paulo/USP/Projeto 1.
NR 62
TC 11
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 4
PU SOC BRASILEIRA ENTOMOLOGIA
PI CURITIBA
PA CAIXA POSTAL 19030, CURITIBA, PR 81531-980, BRAZIL
SN 0085-5626
EI 1806-9665
J9 REV BRAS ENTOMOL
JI Rev. Bras. Entomol.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2010
VL 54
IS 1
BP 45
EP 65
DI 10.1590/S0085-56262010000100006
PG 21
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 578BG
UT WOS:000276267800006
ER
PT J
AU Abad-Franch, F
Ferraz, G
AF Abad-Franch, Fernando
Ferraz, Goncalo
TI "Didn't you see that bug ... ?" Investigating disease vector occurrence
when detection is imperfect
SO REVISTA DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE MEDICINA TROPICAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Detection; Occurrence; Vector ecology; Triatominae
AB As with most insect disease vectors, triatomine bugs are often small and dull-colored; in addition, triatomines spend the day inside secluded microenvironments such as wall cracks. As a result, detection failures are common in Chagas disease vector surveys. But how important and hard to solve is this problem? We argue that imperfect detection is pervasive and can seriously mislead control program management and vector ecology studies. The standard response involves developing more sensitive detection methods; thus, active searches can be enhanced by using 'flush-out' chemicals or ultra-violet lights, and several 'sensing devices' have been designed and tested. However, these methods tend to be costly and rarely reach the high sensitivity they aim for; community involvement in vector notification is probably the most efficient approach to long-term surveillance. Still, detection failures persist, and we show how explicitly incorporating them into the analyses effectively improves infestation rate estimates. Repeated sampling of potentially infested sites (such as households) yields 'detection histories' that can be used to estimate occupancy rates (infestation) and detection probabilities (the sensitivity of the searching method). Both can in turn be modeled as a function of covariates, generating detailed information not only on detection and occurrence, but also on local extinction and re-colonization dynamics and with a measure of uncertainty around each estimate. This results in powerful tools for decision-making, including evidence-based optimization of resource use and adaptive management schemes. We expect these approaches to progressively become standard practice both in control-surveillance programs and in academic and operational research.
C1 [Abad-Franch, Fernando] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Leonidas & Maria Deane, Manais, AM, Brazil.
[Ferraz, Goncalo] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, BDFFP, Manaus, AM, Brazil.
RP Abad-Franch, F (reprint author), FIOCRITZ, Inst Leonidas & Maria Deane, Rua Teresina 476, BR-69057070 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
EM fernando@amazonia.fiocruz.br
RI Abad-Franch, Fernando/L-4741-2013
FU UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO TDR [A20441]; CNPq; FAPEAM; Smithsonian
Tropical Research Institute (STRI)
FX UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO TDR (A20441), CNPq, FAPEAM, and Smithsonian
Tropical Research Institute (STRI). This work also benefited from
international collaboration through the ECLAT Network.
NR 47
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 6
PU SOC BRASILEIRA MEDICINA TROPICAL
PI BRASILIA
PA UNIV BRASILIA, NUCLEO MEDICINA TROPICAL E NUTRICAO, CAIXA POSTAL 4356,
BRASILIA, DF 70919-970, BRAZIL
SN 0037-8682
J9 REV SOC BRAS MED TRO
JI Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.
PY 2010
VL 43
SU 2
BP 42
EP 45
PG 4
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA V27OU
UT WOS:000208623300010
ER
PT J
AU Jansen, PA
Muller-Landau, HC
Wright, SJ
AF Jansen, Patrick A.
Muller-Landau, Helene C.
Wright, S. Joseph
TI Bushmeat Hunting and Climate: An Indirect Link
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
ID TROPICAL FORESTS; DISPERSAL; RECRUITMENT; PREDATION; BIOMASS; TREES
C1 [Jansen, Patrick A.] Univ Groningen, Community & Conservat Ecol Grp, Haren, Netherlands.
[Jansen, Patrick A.] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Muller-Landau, Helene C.; Wright, S. Joseph] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
RP Jansen, PA (reprint author), Univ Groningen, Community & Conservat Ecol Grp, Haren, Netherlands.
EM patrick.a.jansen@gmail.com
RI Wright, Stuart/M-3311-2013; Jansen, Patrick/G-2545-2015
OI Wright, Stuart/0000-0003-4260-5676; Jansen, Patrick/0000-0002-4660-0314
NR 14
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 28
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JAN 1
PY 2010
VL 327
IS 5961
BP 30
EP 30
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 541DZ
UT WOS:000273395400010
PM 20044556
ER
PT J
AU Pawley, E
AF Pawley, Emily
TI Accounting with the Fields: Chemistry and Value in Nutriment in American
Agricultural Improvement, 1835-1860
SO SCIENCE AS CULTURE
LA English
DT Article
DE Agricultural improvement; nineteenth century; accounting; chemistry;
Justus von Liebig; soil fertility; nutrition
ID ECONOMY; SCIENCE
AB During the 1840s, a coalition of agricultural chemists and improving agriculturists came to promote plant, animal and soil analyses as a way of identifying monetary value in the material transactions of the farm. They were motivated in part by the broadening practice of accounting with the land, a modification of existing accounting practices, through which some farmers came to treat their relationship with the fields and animals of the farm landscape as a series of transactions between debtors and creditors. New forms of chemical analysis added a further dimension to this accounting, casting the growth of soil, animals, and plants and the exchange of materials between them as a series of transactions, and linking value in nutriment to value in money. Interactions between forms of food and monetary value on the nineteenth-century farm, as well as new forms of work that this interaction created, grew into a system of natural accounting. This system of valuation, emerging not from state power but from local engagement with individual farms and individual markets, continues to shape the industrial farm landscape.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Washington, DC 20004 USA.
RP Pawley, E (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Washington, DC 20004 USA.
EM epawley@sas.upenn.edu
NR 88
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0950-5431
J9 SCI CULT-UK
JI Sci. Cult.
PY 2010
VL 19
IS 4
SI SI
BP 461
EP 482
DI 10.1080/09505431.2010.519868
PG 22
WC History & Philosophy Of Science
SC History & Philosophy of Science
GA 760GP
UT WOS:000290313100003
ER
PT B
AU Dussault, M
Reinfeld, E
Sienkiewizcz, F
Deutsch, F
Fruchtman, S
Gould, R
Smith, DA
Eisenhammer, B
AF Dussault, Mary
Reinfeld, Erika
Sienkiewizcz, Frank
Deutsch, Freeman
Fruchtman, Shira
Gould, Roy
Smith, Denise A.
Eisenhammer, Bonnie
BE Barnes, J
Smith, DA
Gibbs, MG
Manning, JG
TI Observing With NASA: Using Online Telescopes to Expand the Pipeline of
Astronomy Learners
SO SCIENCE EDUCATION AND OUTREACH: FORGING A PATH TO THE FUTURE
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 121st Annual Meeting of the Astronomical-Society-of-the-Pacific
CY SEP 12-16, 2009
CL Millbrae, CA
SP Spitzer Sci Ctr, NASA Lunar Sci Inst, NASA Sci Miss Directorate, NRAO, California Space Grant Consortium, Northrop Grumman, Sky Skan, Univ Chicago Press, Ball Aerospace Technol, Capitol Coll, Astronom Assoc No California, Explore Sci, MWT Assoc Inc, Seiler Instruments, Astron Soc Pacific
AB Observing with NASA (OWN) is a NASA-funded e-learning project developed by the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA) in partnership with the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI). The project provides universal access to the CfA's MicroObservatory online network of robotic educational telescopes, allowing users to make their OWN astronomical observations and compare their images and data with that of professional astronomers. We describe our strategies for making the tools and techniques of astronomical imaging, data processing and analysis accessible to the broadest possible audience.
C1 [Dussault, Mary; Reinfeld, Erika; Sienkiewizcz, Frank; Deutsch, Freeman; Fruchtman, Shira; Gould, Roy] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Smith, Denise A.; Eisenhammer, Bonnie] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Dussault, M (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-742-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 431
BP 351
EP 354
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research; Education,
Scientific Disciplines
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research
GA BWD16
UT WOS:000293601500056
ER
PT B
AU Hartman, M
Porro, I
Reinfeld, E
Dussault, M
AF Hartman, Mark
Porro, Irene
Reinfeld, Erika
Dussault, Mary
BE Barnes, J
Smith, DA
Gibbs, MG
Manning, JG
TI Kids Capture Their Universe: An Afterschool Bridge from Science Content
to Youth Development
SO SCIENCE EDUCATION AND OUTREACH: FORGING A PATH TO THE FUTURE
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 121st Annual Meeting of the Astronomical-Society-of-the-Pacific
CY SEP 12-16, 2009
CL Millbrae, CA
SP Spitzer Sci Ctr, NASA Lunar Sci Inst, NASA Sci Miss Directorate, NRAO, California Space Grant Consortium, Northrop Grumman, Sky Skan, Univ Chicago Press, Ball Aerospace Technol, Capitol Coll, Astronom Assoc No California, Explore Sci, MWT Assoc Inc, Seiler Instruments, Astron Soc Pacific
AB The Kids Capture Their Universe astronomy apprenticeship is an example of an afterschool program that is designed to complement the science learning that takes place in the classroom and support positive youth development. This paper presents an overview of the program and the variety of implementation models designed to accommodate professional, amateur and student astronomers with different interest levels and time constraints to engage local youth in meaningful science programming through partnerships with out-of-school-time organizations.
C1 [Hartman, Mark; Porro, Irene] MIT Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA.
[Reinfeld, Erika; Dussault, Mary] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Hartman, M (reprint author), MIT Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA.
NR 2
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-742-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 431
BP 443
EP 446
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research; Education,
Scientific Disciplines
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Education & Educational Research
GA BWD16
UT WOS:000293601500078
ER
PT B
AU Roe, C
Nielsen, N
AF Roe, Chris
Nielsen, Natalie
BE Rhoton, J
TI New Models of Leadership and Collaboration to Improve Science Education
The Role of Business
SO SCIENCE EDUCATION LEADERSHIP: BEST PRACTICES FOR THE NEW CENTURY
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Roe, Chris] Stanford Univ, Natl Ctr Postsecondary Improvement, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Nielsen, Natalie] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Nielsen, Natalie] Smithsonian Inst, San Diego Nat Hist Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NSTA PRESS
PI ARLINGTON
PA NATL SCI TEACHERS ASSOC, ARLINGTON, VA 00000 USA
BN 978-1-936137-00-8
PY 2010
BP 17
EP 32
PG 16
WC Education & Educational Research
SC Education & Educational Research
GA BOL85
UT WOS:000276964600002
ER
PT B
AU Krupnik, I
Aporta, C
Laidler, GJ
AF Krupnik, Igor
Aporta, Claudio
Laidler, Gita J.
BE Krupnik, I
Aporta, C
Gearheard, S
Laidler, GJ
Holm, LK
TI SIKU: International Polar Year Project #166 (An Overview)
SO SIKU: KNOWING OUR ICE: DOCUMENTING INUIT SEA-ICE KNOWLEDGE AND USE
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Sea ice; Indigenous knowledge; Inuit; International polar year
ID SEA-ICE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FREEZE/THAW PROCESSES; HUMAN GEOGRAPHIES;
NUNAVUT; CANADA; VULNERABILITY; INUIT; COMMUNITY; IGLOOLIK
AB The SIKU (Sea Ice Knowledge and Use) project emerged in response to the growing public and scholarly attention to the environmental knowledge of the Arctic residents, as well as to the rising concerns about the impact of climate change on Arctic environment and polar sea ice. The special momentum for the SIKU project was created by International Polar Year (IPY) 2007-2008 that launched a new era of international and interdisciplinary collabration and partnership with northern communities. This introductory chapter tells how the SIKU project has originated and developed in 2004-2005; it reviews its structure made of various regional and individual initiatives, and covers major activities undertaken by the team during 2006-2009. It summarizes the key scientific outcomes and public messages of the SIKU project, as well as its contribution to the overall science program of IPY 2007-2008. It ends up with the synopsis of the present volume with the acknowledgements to many institutions and individuals who were instrumental to the success of the SIKU project.
C1 [Krupnik, Igor] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Aporta, Claudio] Carleton Univ, Dept Sociol & Anthropol, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
[Laidler, Gita J.] Carleton Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Studies, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
RP Krupnik, I (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM krupniki@si.edu; krupniki@si.edu
NR 57
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-90-481-8586-3
PY 2010
BP 1
EP 28
DI 10.1007/978-90-481-8587-0_1
D2 10.1007/978-90-481-8587-0
PG 28
WC Anthropology; Geography
SC Anthropology; Geography
GA BRL95
UT WOS:000283084100001
ER
PT B
AU Krupnik, I
Apangalook, L
Apangalook, P
AF Krupnik, Igor
Apangalook, Leonard, Sr.
Apangalook, Paul
BE Krupnik, I
Aporta, C
Gearheard, S
Laidler, GJ
Holm, LK
TI "It's Cold, but Not Cold Enough": Observing Ice and Climate Change in
Gambell, Alaska, in IPY 2007-2008 and Beyond
SO SIKU: KNOWING OUR ICE: DOCUMENTING INUIT SEA-ICE KNOWLEDGE AND USE
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Sea ice; Local observations; Gambell; Alaska; Indigenous knowledge
ID SEA-ICE; PACIFIC WALRUSES; KNOWLEDGE; NUNAVUT; CANADA
AB The chapter discusses the main outcomes of 3 years (2006-2007, 2007-2008, 2008-2009) of systematic observation of ice and weather conditions in the community of Gambell (Sivuqaq) on St. Lawrence island, Alaska. The 3-year recording of ice and weather in Gambell by local monitors was a part of a larger observation effort under the SIKU project. Observers from eight communities in Alaska and Russian Chukotka took daily notes of ice and weather around their home areas for several consecutive winters. Data from Gambell are the longest and the most comprehensive within this larger SIKU data set. Observations by local monitors reveal a very complex signal of change that often differs by season or location, even among the nearby communities. The 3-year record of ice and weather observations offers new insight to Arctic climate and ice scientists. It will also help Arctic residents document their cultural tradition, ice use, and knowledge in the time of rapid environmental and social change.
C1 [Krupnik, Igor] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Krupnik, I (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM krupniki@si.edu
NR 53
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-90-481-8586-3
PY 2010
BP 81
EP 114
DI 10.1007/978-90-481-8587-0_4
D2 10.1007/978-90-481-8587-0
PG 34
WC Anthropology; Geography
SC Anthropology; Geography
GA BRL95
UT WOS:000283084100004
ER
PT B
AU Krupnik, I
Weyapuk, W
AF Krupnik, Igor
Weyapuk, Winton (Utuktaaq), Jr.
BE Krupnik, I
Aporta, C
Gearheard, S
Laidler, GJ
Holm, LK
TI Qanuq Ilitaavut: "How We Learned What We Know" (Wales Inupiaq Sea Ice
Dictionary)
SO SIKU: KNOWING OUR ICE: DOCUMENTING INUIT SEA-ICE KNOWLEDGE AND USE
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Sea ice; Wales; Alaska; Inupiaq; Indigenous terminologies
ID FREEZE/THAW PROCESSES; HUMAN GEOGRAPHIES; NUNAVUT; CANADA; ALASKA
AB The chapter discusses a collaborative effort to document more than 120 local Inupiaq terms for sea ice and associated vocabulary in the community of Wales, Alaska, in 2007-2008. The value of recording indigenous words for sea ice as a key to understanding indigenous knowledge of sea ice was first tested during an earlier project on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska (2000-2002). Under the SIKU initiative, more than 20 of such local ice vocabularies were collected in indigenous communities in Alaska, Canada, Greenland, and Chukotka, Russia. In Wales, Winton Weaypuk, a boat captain and a speaker of the Kingikmiut dialect, led the effort to collect local ice terms, documented elders' knowledge about ice, and took more than 100 photos of various ice-related activities in the Wales area. Traditional words for ice, illustrations of local ice forms, and the Inupiaq explanations and English translations collected for the project would be of help to young hunters, so that the knowledge is preserved for future generations.
C1 [Krupnik, Igor] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Krupnik, I (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM krupniki@si.edu; krupniki@si.edu
NR 57
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-90-481-8586-3
PY 2010
BP 321
EP 354
DI 10.1007/978-90-481-8587-0_14
D2 10.1007/978-90-481-8587-0
PG 34
WC Anthropology; Geography
SC Anthropology; Geography
GA BRL95
UT WOS:000283084100014
ER
PT B
AU Krupnik, I
Muller-Wille, L
AF Krupnik, Igor
Mueller-Wille, Ludger
BE Krupnik, I
Aporta, C
Gearheard, S
Laidler, GJ
Holm, LK
TI Franz Boas and Inuktitut Terminology for Ice and Snow: From the
Emergence of the Field to the "Great Eskimo Vocabulary Hoax"
SO SIKU: KNOWING OUR ICE: DOCUMENTING INUIT SEA-ICE KNOWLEDGE AND USE
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Franz Boas; Inuktitut; Baffin Island; Ice and snow terminology
AB Franz Boas, the "founding father" of North American anthropology, has long been credited with many pioneer contributions to the field of Arctic anthropology, as a result of his first and only fieldwork among the Inuit on Baffin Island, following the First International Polar Year 1882-1883. In this new "polar year" the SIKU project has initiated several studies of the Inuit terminology for sea ice and snow, including in the areas of Baffin Island once surveyed by Boas, as well as in the nearby regions of Nunavut, Nunavik, Labrador, and Greenland. Also, in the past decade the story of Boas' fieldwork on Baffin Island has become known in full, in diaries, personal letters, and field notes. This chapter capitalizes on these new sources: it examines Boas' knowledge of the Inuit terminology for sea ice and snow and its value to current discussion about language, indigenous knowledge, the Inuit, and beyond. It also addresses the so-called Great Eskimo Vocabulary Hoax debate of the past decades that misconstrues Boas' use of the Inuit terms and the analysis of the contemporary Inuit ice and snow vocabulary.
C1 [Krupnik, Igor] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Mueller-Wille, Ludger] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[Mueller-Wille, Ludger] Arctic Ctr, Rovaniemi, Finland.
RP Krupnik, I (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM krupniki@si.edu; krupniki@si.edu
NR 73
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-90-481-8586-3
PY 2010
BP 377
EP 400
DI 10.1007/978-90-481-8587-0_16
D2 10.1007/978-90-481-8587-0
PG 24
WC Anthropology; Geography
SC Anthropology; Geography
GA BRL95
UT WOS:000283084100016
ER
PT J
AU Clough, GW
AF Clough, G. Wayne
TI What to Collect?
SO SMITHSONIAN
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Clough, GW (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SMITHSONIAN ASSOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 900 JEFFERSON DR, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0037-7333
J9 SMITHSONIAN
JI Smithsonian
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 40
IS 10
BP 22
EP 22
PG 1
WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary
SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics
GA 536KX
UT WOS:000273044400012
ER
PT B
AU Strachan, L
Panasyuk, AV
Kohl, JL
AF Strachan, Leonard
Panasyuk, Alexander V.
Kohl, John L.
BE Cranmer, SR
Hoeksema, JT
Kohl, JL
TI Time Evolution of a Coronal Velocity Source Surface during Solar Cycle
23
SO SOHO-23: UNDERSTANDING A PECULIAR SOLAR MINIMUM
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT SOHO-23 Workshop on Understanding a Peculiar Solar Minimum
CY SEP 21-25, 2009
CL NE Harbor, ME
ID MINIMUM
AB We present preliminary results of a. study to create coronal outflow velocity maps for the period from 1996 to 2005. The velocities are derived from the UVCS/SOHO synoptic observations of the O VI 103.2 ran and 103.7 nm intensities. The maps are made at a constant heliocentric height of 2.3 R-circle dot, near the traditional coronal source surface height of 2.5 R-circle dot. Our results for the Cycle 22/23 minimum show that the classic solar minimum conditions, where highspeed wind dominates the polar regions, lasted only until May 1997. However, during the same time period there was very little change in the fraction of fast or slow speed wind at low heliographic latitudes (< 30 degrees). When completed, the coronal velocity maps will be used to show the connections between structures in the corona and solar wind streams at greater distances from the Sun. It will also help clarify how variations in the spatial distribution of outflow velocities are controlled by the coronal magnetic field and plasma conditions at the source regions.
C1 [Strachan, Leonard; Panasyuk, Alexander V.; Kohl, John L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Strachan, L (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-736-0
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 428
BP 187
EP 190
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR14
UT WOS:000287834900028
ER
PT B
AU Gardner, LD
Kohl, JL
Cranmer, SR
Lin, M
Panasyuk, AV
Uzzo, M
AF Gardner, L. D.
Kohl, J. L.
Cranmer, S. R.
Lin, M.
Panasyuk, A. V.
Uzzo, M.
BE Cranmer, SR
Hoeksema, JT
Kohl, JL
TI Variations in the Absolute Ultraviolet Intensities of Polar Coronal
Holes
SO SOHO-23: UNDERSTANDING A PECULIAR SOLAR MINIMUM
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT SOHO-23 Workshop on Understanding a Peculiar Solar Minimum
CY SEP 21-25, 2009
CL NE Harbor, ME
ID SOLAR
AB The well-maintained UVCS/SOHO radiometric calibration is used to determine the variations in the ultraviolet intensities in polar coronal holes between the, Solar Cycle 22/23 and Cycle 23/24 minima. The radiometric calibration has been carefully monitored and updated during the mission by observing an ensemble of B stars, which, as a group, are believed to have a. stable mean irradiance. These observations, along with data from the freshly calibrated Ultraviolet Coronal Spectrometer on the Spartan 201 satellite in 1998, have been used to determine the changes in the calibration. The Spartan 201 inter-calibration, together with the original laboratory calibration, was used to establish the in-flight absolute radiometric calibration scale. This paper summarizes the in-flight radiometric calibration of UVCS/SOHO and observed variations in polar coronal hole intensities as a function of heliographic height above the poles of the Sun.
C1 [Gardner, L. D.; Kohl, J. L.; Cranmer, S. R.; Lin, M.; Panasyuk, A. V.; Uzzo, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Gardner, LD (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-736-0
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 428
BP 191
EP 195
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR14
UT WOS:000287834900029
ER
PT B
AU Cranmer, SR
Kohl, JL
Miralles, MP
van Ballegooijen, AA
AF Cranmer, Steven R.
Kohl, John L.
Miralles, Mari Paz
van Ballegooijen, Adriaan A.
BE Cranmer, SR
Hoeksema, JT
Kohl, JL
TI Extended Coronal Heating and Solar Wind Acceleration over the Solar
Cycle
SO SOHO-23: UNDERSTANDING A PECULIAR SOLAR MINIMUM
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT SOHO-23 Workshop on Understanding a Peculiar Solar Minimum
CY SEP 21-25, 2009
CL NE Harbor, ME
ID MAGNETIC-FLUX; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE; TRANSITION REGION;
LOW-FREQUENCY; HOLES; POLAR; TEMPERATURES; MODELS; DENSITIES; MINIMUM
AB This paper reviews our growing understanding of the physics behind coronal heating (in open-field regions) and the acceleration of the solar wind. Many new insights have come from the last solar cycle's worth of observations and theoretical work. Measurements of the plasma properties in the extended corona, where the primary solar wind acceleration occurs; have been key to discriminating between competing theories. We describe how UVCS/SOHO measurements of coronal holes and streamers over the last 14 years have provided clues about the detailed kinetic processes that energize both fast and slow wind regions. We also present a brief survey of current ideas involving the coronal source regions of fast and slow wind streams, and how these change over the solar cycle. These source regions are discussed in the context of recent theoretical models (based on Alfven waves and MHD turbulence) that have begun to successfully predict both the heating and acceleration in fast and slow wind regions with essentially no free parameters. Some new results regarding these models-including a quantitative prediction of the lower density and temperature at 1 AU seen during the present solar minimum in comparison to the prior minimum-are also shown.
C1 [Cranmer, Steven R.; Kohl, John L.; Miralles, Mari Paz; van Ballegooijen, Adriaan A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Cranmer, SR (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 48
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-736-0
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 428
BP 209
EP 216
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR14
UT WOS:000287834900032
ER
PT B
AU Miralles, MP
Cranmer, SR
Panasyuk, AV
Uzzo, M
AF Miralles, M. P.
Cranmer, S. R.
Panasyuk, A. V.
Uzzo, M.
BE Cranmer, SR
Hoeksema, JT
Kohl, JL
TI The Tale of Two Minima and a Solar Cycle in Between: An Ongoing Fast
Solar Wind Investigation
SO SOHO-23: UNDERSTANDING A PECULIAR SOLAR MINIMUM
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT SOHO-23 Workshop on Understanding a Peculiar Solar Minimum
CY SEP 21-25, 2009
CL NE Harbor, ME
ID ULTRAVIOLET CORONAGRAPH SPECTROMETER; POLAR; HOLES; UVCS/SOHO
AB We have measured the physical properties of polar coronal holes from the minimum activity phase of solar cycle 23 (1996-1997) to the present minimum of solar cycle 24 (2007-2009) using the UVCS instrument on SOHO. Observations in H I Lyman alpha (121.6 rim) and O VI (103.2, 1.03.7 nm) provide spectroscopic diagnostics of proton and O5+ bulk outflow velocities and velocity distributions as a function of heliocentric distance above the poles of the Sun. These observations have allowed us to follow the changes in the physical properties of the polar coronal holes during solar cycle 23 and its approach to the current minimum. Recent ground- and space-based observations have reported a variety of phenomena. associated with the current minimum. We present the comparison of observed oxygen line intensities, line ratios, and profiles for polar coronal holes at both minima and during solar cycle 23 and show how this new minimum manifests itself in the ultraviolet corona. The comparison of the physical properties of these two minima as seen by UVCS in the extended corona, now possible for the first time, may provide crucial empirical constraints on models of extended coronal heating and acceleration for the fast solar wind.
C1 [Miralles, M. P.; Cranmer, S. R.; Panasyuk, A. V.; Uzzo, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Miralles, MP (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-736-0
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2010
VL 428
BP 237
EP 244
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BTR14
UT WOS:000287834900036
ER
PT J
AU Spence, HE
Case, AW
Golightly, MJ
Heine, T
Larsen, BA
Blake, JB
Caranza, P
Crain, WR
George, J
Lalic, M
Lin, A
Looper, MD
Mazur, JE
Salvaggio, D
Kasper, JC
Stubbs, TJ
Doucette, M
Ford, P
Foster, R
Goeke, R
Gordon, D
Klatt, B
O'Connor, J
Smith, M
Onsager, T
Zeitlin, C
Townsend, LW
Charara, Y
AF Spence, H. E.
Case, A. W.
Golightly, M. J.
Heine, T.
Larsen, B. A.
Blake, J. B.
Caranza, P.
Crain, W. R.
George, J.
Lalic, M.
Lin, A.
Looper, M. D.
Mazur, J. E.
Salvaggio, D.
Kasper, J. C.
Stubbs, T. J.
Doucette, M.
Ford, P.
Foster, R.
Goeke, R.
Gordon, D.
Klatt, B.
O'Connor, J.
Smith, M.
Onsager, T.
Zeitlin, C.
Townsend, L. W.
Charara, Y.
TI CRaTER: The Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation Experiment
on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Mission
SO SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE LRO; Galactic cosmic rays; Solar energetic protons; Radiation effects;
LET spectrum; Lunar science
ID ENERGETIC PARTICLE; SPACE; SPECTRA; DUST
AB The Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation (CRaTER) on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) characterizes the radiation environment to be experienced by humans during future lunar missions. CRaTER measures the effects of ionizing energy loss in matter due to penetrating solar energetic protons (SEP) and galactic cosmic rays (GCR), specifically in silicon solid-state detectors and after interactions with tissue-equivalent plastic (TEP), a synthetic analog of human tissue. The CRaTER investigation quantifies the linear energy transfer (LET) spectrum in these materials through direct measurements with the lunar space radiation environment, particularly the interactions of ions with energies above 10 MeV, which penetrate and are detected by CRaTER. Combined with models of radiation transport through materials, CRaTER LET measurements constrain models of the biological effects of ionizing radiation in the lunar environment as well as provide valuable information on radiation effects on electronic systems in deep space. In addition to these human exploration goals, CRaTER measurements also provide new insights on the spatial and temporal variability of the SEP and GCR populations and their interactions with the lunar surface. We present here an overview of the CRaTER science goals and investigation, including: an instrument description; observation strategies; instrument testing, characterization, and calibration; and data analysis, interpretation, and modeling plans.
C1 [Spence, H. E.; Case, A. W.; Golightly, M. J.; Heine, T.; Larsen, B. A.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Blake, J. B.; Caranza, P.; Crain, W. R.; George, J.; Lalic, M.; Lin, A.; Looper, M. D.; Mazur, J. E.; Salvaggio, D.] Aerosp Corp, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA.
[Kasper, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Stubbs, T. J.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA.
[Doucette, M.; Ford, P.; Foster, R.; Goeke, R.; Gordon, D.; Klatt, B.; O'Connor, J.; Smith, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Onsager, T.] NOAA, Spaceweather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Zeitlin, C.] SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Townsend, L. W.; Charara, Y.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA.
RP Spence, HE (reprint author), Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
EM spence@bu.edu
RI Larsen, Brian/A-7822-2011; Kasper, Justin/D-1152-2010; Spence,
Harlan/A-1942-2011; Stubbs, Timothy/I-5139-2013;
OI Larsen, Brian/0000-0003-4515-0208; Kasper, Justin/0000-0002-7077-930X;
Stubbs, Timothy/0000-0002-5524-645X; Heine, Thomas/0000-0003-1286-364X;
Spence, Harlan/0000-0002-2526-2205
FU NASA [NNG05EB92C]
FX Support for the CRaTER project was funded by NASA under Contract number
NNG05EB92C.
NR 34
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 1
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-6308
EI 1572-9672
J9 SPACE SCI REV
JI Space Sci. Rev.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 150
IS 1-4
BP 243
EP 284
DI 10.1007/s11214-009-9584-8
PG 42
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 573JG
UT WOS:000275908700011
ER
PT S
AU Bookbinder, J
AF Bookbinder, Jay
CA IXO Team
BE Arnaud, M
Murray, SS
Takahashi, T
TI An Overview of the IXO Observatory
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Ultraviolet to
Gamma Ray
CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE X-ray; Observatory; IXO; Future Missions
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BLACK-HOLES; ACCRETION; DISCS
AB The International X-ray Observatory (IXO) project is the result of a merger between the NASA Con-X and ESA/JAXA XEUS mission concepts. A facility-class mission, IXO will address the leading astrophysical questions in the "hot universe" through its breakthrough optics with 20 times more collecting area at 1 keV than any previous X-ray observatory, its 3 m(2) collecting area with 5 arcsec angular resolution will be achieved using a 20m focal length deployable optical bench. To reduce risk, two independent optics technologies are currently under development in the U. S. and in Europe. Focal plane instruments will deliver a 100-fold increase in effective area for high-resolution spectroscopy, deep spectral imaging over a wide field of view, unprecedented polarimetric sensitivity, microsecond spectroscopic timing, and high count rate capability. IXO covers the 0.1-40 keV energy range, complementing the capabilities of the next generation observatories, such as ALMA, LSST, JWST, and 30-m ground-based telescopes. These capabilities will enable studies of a broad range of scientific questions such as what happens close to a black hole, how supermassive black holes grow, how large scale structure forms, and what are the connections between these processes?
C1 [Bookbinder, Jay] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Bookbinder, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM jbookbinder@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 29
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8222-8
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7732
AR 77321B
DI 10.1117/12.857363
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
GA BSQ88
UT WOS:000285506200039
ER
PT S
AU Freeman, MD
Reid, PB
Podgorski, W
Caldwell, D
AF Freeman, Mark D.
Reid, Paul B.
Podgorski, William
Caldwell, David
BE Arnaud, M
Murray, SS
Takahashi, T
TI Advances in the Active Alignment System for the IXO Optics
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Ultraviolet to
Gamma Ray
CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE x-ray optics; mirror support systems; optical alignment; Hartmann test;
IXO mission
ID CONSTELLATION-X MISSION
AB The next large x-ray astrophysics mission launched will likely include soft x-ray spectroscopy as a primary capability. A requirement to fulfill the science goals of such a mission is a large-area x-ray telescope focusing sufficient x-ray flux to perform high-resolution spectroscopy with reasonable observing times. The IXO soft x-ray telescope effort in the US is focused on a tightly nested, thin glass, segmented mirror design. Fabrication of the glass segments with the required surface accuracy is a fundamental challenge; equally challenging will be the alignment of the similar to 7000 secondary mirror segments with their corresponding primary mirrors, and co-alignment of the mirror pairs. We have developed a system to perform this alignment using a combination of a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) and a double-pass Hartmann test alignment system. We discuss the technique, its ability to correct low-order mirror errors, and results of a recent pair alignment including progress toward the required alignment accuracy of <2 arcseconds, and discuss the influence of the alignment process on mirror figure. We then look forward toward its scalability to the task of building the IXO telescope.
C1 [Freeman, Mark D.; Reid, Paul B.; Podgorski, William; Caldwell, David] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Freeman, MD (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM mfreeman@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8222-8
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7732
AR 773243
DI 10.1117/12.857424
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
GA BSQ88
UT WOS:000285506200129
ER
PT S
AU Garcia, M
Smith, R
Bookbinder, J
Patnaude, D
Santos-Lleo, M
Ehle, M
Rodriguez, P
AF Garcia, Michael
Smith, Randall
Bookbinder, Jay
Patnaude, Dan
Santos-Lleo, Maria
Ehle, Matthias
Rodriguez, Pedro
BE Arnaud, M
Murray, SS
Takahashi, T
TI Impacts on the IXO Observing Efficiency
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Ultraviolet to
Gamma Ray
CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE X-ray; Observation Planning; Future Missions
ID CATALOG
AB The International X-ray Observatory (IXO) has a top level requirement that the observing efficiency be 85%. This is a challenging requirement, given that the observing efficiencies for CXO and XMM-Newton are between 60% and 70%. However, the L2 orbit for IXO means that it will not be subject to the earth block/radiation zone effects that are seen for CXO and XMM-Newton. Outside of these effects the efficiencies for CXO and XMM-Newton do approach 85%, so this requirement appears achievable for IXO. In this paper we itemize the effects which impact the observing efficiency, in order to guide the design of the observatory. Meeting the 85% requirement should be possible but will require careful attention to detail.
C1 [Garcia, Michael; Smith, Randall; Bookbinder, Jay; Patnaude, Dan] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Garcia, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM garcia@head.cfa.harvard.edu
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8222-8
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7732
AR 773244
DI 10.1117/12.857437
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
GA BSQ88
UT WOS:000285506200130
ER
PT S
AU Grindlay, J
Gehrels, N
Bloom, J
Coppi, P
Soderberg, A
Hong, J
Allen, B
Barthelmy, S
Tagliaferri, G
Moseley, H
Kutyrev, A
Fabbiano, G
Fishman, G
Ramsey, B
Della Ceca, R
Natalucci, L
Ubertini, P
AF Grindlay, J.
Gehrels, N.
Bloom, J.
Coppi, P.
Soderberg, A.
Hong, J.
Allen, B.
Barthelmy, S.
Tagliaferri, G.
Moseley, H.
Kutyrev, A.
Fabbiano, G.
Fishman, G.
Ramsey, B.
Della Ceca, R.
Natalucci, L.
Ubertini, P.
BE Arnaud, M
Murray, SS
Takahashi, T
TI Overview of EXIST mission science and implementation
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Ultraviolet to
Gamma Ray
CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Black Holes; Gamma-ray Bursts; Pop III stars and galaxies; AGN and
supermassive black hole census; coded aperture telescopes and imaging
detectors; rapid optical/nIR imaging and spectroscopy at zodiacal limit
levels
ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BLACK-HOLES; REDSHIFT; FIELD;
DISCOVERY; GALAXIES
AB The Energetic X-ray Imaging Survey Telescope (EXIST) is designed to i) use the birth of stellar mass black holes, as revealed by cosmic Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), as probes of the very first stars and galaxies to exist in the Universe. Both their extreme luminosity (similar to 10(4) times larger than the most luminous quasars) and their hard X-ray detectability over the full sky with wide-field imaging make them ideal "back-lights" to measure cosmic structure with X-ray, optical and near-IR (nIR) spectra over many sight lines to high redshift. The full-sky imaging detection and rapid followup narrow-field imaging and spectroscopy allow two additional primary science objectives: ii) novel surveys of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) accreting as very luminous but rare quasars, which can trace the birth and growth of the first SMBHs as well as quiescent SMBHs (non-accreting) which reveal their presence by X-ray flares from the tidal disruption of passing field stars; and iii) a multiwavelength Time Domain Astrophysics (TDA) survey to measure the temporal variability and physics of a wide range of objects, from birth to death of stars and from the thermal to non-thermal Universe. These science objectives are achieved with the telescopes and mission as proposed for EXIST described here.
C1 [Grindlay, J.; Soderberg, A.; Hong, J.; Allen, B.; Fabbiano, G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Grindlay, J (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM josh@head.cfa.harvard.edu
RI Barthelmy, Scott/D-2943-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012
NR 45
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8222-8
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7732
AR 77321X
DI 10.1117/12.857895
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
GA BSQ88
UT WOS:000285506200059
ER
PT S
AU Hong, J
Grindlay, J
Allen, B
Skinner, G
Barthelmy, S
Gehrels, N
Garson, A
Krawczynski, H
Cook, W
Harrison, F
Natalucci, L
Ubertini, P
AF Hong, J.
Grindlay, J.
Allen, B.
Skinner, G.
Barthelmy, S.
Gehrels, N.
Garson, A.
Krawczynski, H.
Cook, W.
Harrison, F.
Natalucci, L.
Ubertini, P.
CA EXIST HET Team
BE Arnaud, M
Murray, SS
Takahashi, T
TI The Proposed High Energy Telescope (HET) for EXIST
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Ultraviolet to
Gamma Ray
CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Coded-aperture imaging; X-ray survey; Gamma-ray Burst
AB The hard X-ray sky now being studied by INTEGRAL and Swift and soon by NuSTAR is rich with energetic phenomena and highly variable non-thermal phenomena on a broad range of timescales. The High Energy Telescope (HET) on the proposed Energetic X-ray Imaging Survey Telescope (EXIST) mission will repeatedly survey the full sky for rare and luminous hard X-ray phenomena at unprecedented sensitivities. It will detect and localize (< 20 '', at 5 sigma threshold) X-ray sources quickly for immediate followup identification by two other onboard telescopes - the Soft X-ray imager (SXI) and Optical/Infrared Telescope (IRT). The large array (4.5 m(2)) of imaging (0.6 mm pixel) CZT detectors in the HET, a coded-aperture telescope, will provide unprecedented high sensitivity (similar to 0.06 mCrab Full Sky in a 2 year continuous scanning survey) in the 5 - 600 keV band. The large field of view (90 degrees x 70 degrees) and zenith scanning with alternating-orbital nodding motion planned for the first 2 years of the mission will enable nearly continuous monitoring of the full sky. A 3y followup pointed mission phase provides deep UV-Optical-IR-Soft X-ray and Hard X-ray imaging and spectroscopy for thousands of sources discovered in the Survey. We review the HET design concept and report the recent progress of the CZT detector development, which is underway through a series of balloon-borne wide-field hard X-ray telescope experiments, ProtoEXIST. We carried out a successful flight of the first generation of fine pixel large area CZT detectors (ProtoEXIST1) on Oct 9, 2009. We also summarize our future plan (ProtoEXIST2 & 3) for the technology development needed for the HET.
C1 [Hong, J.; Grindlay, J.; Allen, B.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Hong, J (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM jaesub@head.cfa.harvard.edu
RI Barthelmy, Scott/D-2943-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8222-8
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7732
AR 77321Y
DI 10.1117/12.857713
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
GA BSQ88
UT WOS:000285506200060
ER
PT S
AU Murray, SS
Giacconi, R
Ptak, A
Rosati, P
Weisskopf, M
Borgani, S
Jones, C
Parseschi, G
Tozzi, P
Gilli, R
Campana, S
Paolillo, M
Tagliaferri, G
Bautz, M
Vikhlinin, A
Hickox, R
Forman, W
AF Murray, Stephen S.
Giacconi, R.
Ptak, A.
Rosati, P.
Weisskopf, M.
Borgani, S.
Jones, C.
Parseschi, G.
Tozzi, P.
Gilli, R.
Campana, S.
Paolillo, M.
Tagliaferri, G.
Bautz, M.
Vikhlinin, A.
Hickox, R.
Forman, W.
BE Arnaud, M
Murray, SS
Takahashi, T
TI Wide Field X-ray Telescope A Moderate Class Mission
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Ultraviolet to
Gamma Ray
CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
AB Sensitive surveys of the X-ray universe have been limited to small areas of the sky due to the intrinsically small field of view of Wolter-I X-ray optics, whose angular resolution degrades with the square of the off axis angle. High angular resolution is needed to achieve a low background per source, minimize source confusion, and distinguish point from extended objects. WFXT consists of three co-aligned wide field X-ray telescopes with a 1 degrees field of view and a less than or similar to 10 '' (goal of 5 '') angular resolution (HEW) over the full field. Total effective area at 1 keV will be > 5000 cm(2). WFXT will perform three surveys that will cover most of the extragalactic sky to 100-1000 times the sensitivity of the ROSAT All Sky Survey, greater than or similar to 2000 deg(2) to deep Chandra or XMM-Newton sensitivity, and greater than or similar to 100 deg(2) to the deepest Chandra sensitivity. WFXT will generate a legacy X-ray data set of greater than or similar to 5 x 10(5) clusters and groups of galaxies to z similar to 2, also characterizing the physics of the intracluster gas for a significant fraction of them, thus providing an unprecedented data set for cosmological applications; it will detect > 10(7) AGN to z > 6, again obtaining spectra for a substantial fraction; it will detect > 10(5) normal/starburst galaxies; and it will detect and characterize star formation regions across the Galaxy. WFXT is the only X-ray survey mission that will match, in area and sensitivity, the next generation of wide-area optical, IR and radio surveys. http://wfxt.pha.jhu.edu
C1 [Murray, Stephen S.; Jones, C.; Vikhlinin, A.; Hickox, R.; Forman, W.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Murray, SS (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Paolillo, Maurizio/J-1733-2012; Gilli, Roberto/P-1110-2015;
OI Paolillo, Maurizio/0000-0003-4210-7693; Gilli,
Roberto/0000-0001-8121-6177; Campana, Sergio/0000-0001-6278-1576;
Pareschi, Giovanni/0000-0003-3967-403X; Tagliaferri,
Gianpiero/0000-0003-0121-0723
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8222-8
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7732
AR 77321W
DI 10.1117/12.856921
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
GA BSQ88
UT WOS:000285506200058
ER
PT S
AU Romaine, S
Bruni, R
Gorenstein, P
Park, S
Reid, P
Ramsey, B
Kester, T
AF Romaine, S.
Bruni, R.
Gorenstein, P.
Park, S.
Reid, P.
Ramsey, B.
Kester, T.
BE Arnaud, M
Murray, SS
Takahashi, T
TI Platinum as a release layer for thermally formed optics for IXO
SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2010: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010 - Ultraviolet to
Gamma Ray
CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE X-ray telescopes; thermal slumping; release agents; microroughness;
platinum deposition
AB Platinum is being explored as an alternative to the sprayed boron nitride mandrel release coating under study at GSFC for the International X-ray Observatory(1) (IXO). Two and three inch diameter, polished (PFS) and superpolished (SPFS) fused silica flat mandrels, were used for these tests. Pt was applied to the mandrels by DC magnetron sputtering. The substrate material was 400 micron thick D263 glass, the material which has been proposed for the IXO segmented optics. These substrates were placed on the mandrels and thermally cycled with the same thermal profile being used at GSFC in the development of the BN slumping for IXO. After the thermal cycle was complete, the D263 substrates were removed; new D263 substrates were placed on the mandrels and the process was repeated. Four thermal cycles have been completed to date. After initially coating the mandrels with Pt, no further conditioning was applied to the mandrels before or during the thermal cycles. The microroughness of the mandrels and of the D263 substrates was measured before and after thermal cycling. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and 8 keV X-ray reflectivity data are presented.
C1 [Romaine, S.; Bruni, R.; Gorenstein, P.; Park, S.; Reid, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Romaine, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM sromaine@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 3
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8222-8
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7732
AR 77323T
DI 10.1117/12.858109
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics
GA BSQ88
UT WOS:000285506200119
ER
PT S
AU Pillitteri, I
Wolk, SJ
Allen, L
Megeath, ST
Gutermuth, RA
AF Pillitteri, Ignazio
Wolk, S. J.
Allen, L.
Megeath, S. T.
Gutermuth, R. A.
CA Soxs Collaboration
BE DeGrijs, R
Lepine, JRD
TI The population of young stars in Orion A: X-rays and IR properties
SO STAR CLUSTERS: BASIC GALACTIC BUILDING BLOCKS THROUGHOUT TIME AND SPACE
SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 266th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union
CY AUG 10-14, 2009
CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
SP IAU Div, IAU Commiss, Int Astronom Union
DE stars: activity; stars: formation; open clusters and associations:
individual (Orion A, L1641); X-rays: stars; infrared: stars
C1 [Pillitteri, Ignazio; Wolk, S. J.; Gutermuth, R. A.] Harvard Univ, Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Pillitteri, I (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Pillitteri, Ignazio/L-1549-2016
OI Pillitteri, Ignazio/0000-0003-4948-6550
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 1743-9213
BN 978-0-521-76499-5
J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES
JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 266
BP 509
EP 509
DI 10.1017/S1743921309991852
PG 1
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BRI80
UT WOS:000282782600106
ER
PT S
AU Wright, NJ
Drake, JJ
AF Wright, N. J.
Drake, J. J.
BE DeGrijs, R
Lepine, JRD
TI The massive star-forming region Cygnus OB2
SO STAR CLUSTERS: BASIC GALACTIC BUILDING BLOCKS THROUGHOUT TIME AND SPACE
SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 266th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union
CY AUG 10-14, 2009
CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
SP IAU Div, IAU Commiss, Int Astronom Union
DE open clusters and associations: individual (Cygnus OB2); stars: pre
main-sequence; X-rays: stars
ID ASSOCIATION; IPHAS
AB We present results from a catalogue of 1696 X-ray point sources detected in the massive star-forming region Cygnus OB2, the majority of which have optical or near-infrared associations. We derive ages of 3.5 and 5.25 Myr for the stellar populations in our two fields, in agreement with recent studies that suggest that the central 1-3 Myr-old OB association is surrounded and contaminated by an older population with an age of 5-10 Myr. The fraction of sources with protoplanetary disks, as traced by K-band excesses, is unusually low. Although this has previously been interpreted as due to the influence of the large number of OB stars in Cyg OB2, contamination from an older population of stars in the region could also be responsible. An initial mass function is derived and found to have a slope of Gamma = -1.27, in agreement with the canonical value. Finally, we introduce the recently approved Chandra Cygnus OB2 Legacy Survey that; will image a 1 square degree area of the Cygnus OB2 association to a depth of 120 ks, likely detecting similar to 10 000 stellar X-ray sources.
C1 [Wright, N. J.; Drake, J. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Wright, NJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 1743-9213
BN 978-0-521-76499-5
J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES
JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 266
BP 551
EP 554
DI 10.1017/S1743921309992055
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BRI80
UT WOS:000282782600126
ER
PT S
AU Hayward, CC
Jonsson, P
Noeske, K
Wuyts, S
Cox, TJ
Narayanan, D
Groves, B
Hernquist, L
AF Hayward, Christopher C.
Jonsson, Patrik
Noeske, Kai
Wuyts, Stijn
Cox, T. J.
Narayanan, Desika
Groves, Brent
Hernquist, Lars
BE Bruzual, GA
Charlot, S
TI Testing star formation rate indicators using galaxy merger simulations
and radiative transfer
SO STELLAR POPULATIONS: PLANNING FOR THE NEXT DECADE
SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 262nd Symposium of the International-Astronomical Union
CY AUG 03-07, 2009
CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
SP IAU Div, IAU Commiss, Int Astronom Union, Minist Ciencia Tecnologia, Conselho Nacl Pesquisas, Fundacao Amparo Pesquisa Estado Sao Paulo, Fundacao Amparo Pesquisa Estado Rio de Janeiro, Coordenacao Aperfeicoamento Pessoal Nivel Superior
DE stars: formation; galaxies: stellar content; galaxies: fundamental
parameters; galaxies: starburst; galaxies: high-redshift; dust;
extinction; radiative transfer
ID AEGIS FIELD GALAXIES; STELLAR POPULATIONS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; FORMING
GALAXIES; DUST; MODEL; STARBURST99; EVOLUTION; EMISSION; SEQUENCE
AB We discuss our ongoing project analyzing N-body/smoothed-particle hydrodynamics simulations of isolated and merging galaxies, performed using GADGET-2 (Springel 2005), with the 3-D adaptive grid, poly-chromatic Monte Carlo radiative transfer code SUNRISE (Jonsson 2006). We apply commonly used UV, optical, and IR star formation rate (SFR) indicators to the integrated spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the simulated galaxies in order to determine how well the SFR, indicators recover the instantaneous SFR in the simulations. The models underlying each SFR, indicator must necessarily make assumptions about physical properties of the galaxies, e.g., the star formation history (SFH), whereas all such properties are known in the simulations. This enables us to test and compare SFR indicators in a way that is complementary to observational studies. We present one preliminary result of interest: even after correcting the Ho luminosity for dust using the Calzetti el al. (2000) attenuation law the SFR, is significantly underestimated for simulated galaxies with SFR, greater than or similar to 10 M(circle dot) yr(-1).
C1 [Hayward, Christopher C.; Jonsson, Patrik; Noeske, Kai; Wuyts, Stijn; Narayanan, Desika; Hernquist, Lars] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Hayward, CC (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM chayward@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 1743-9213
BN 978-0-521-76484-1
J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES
JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series
PY 2010
VL 262
IS 262
BP 257
EP 260
DI 10.1017/S1743921310002875
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BRI77
UT WOS:000282780700044
ER
PT J
AU Gervais, C
Grissom, CA
Little, N
Wachowiak, MJ
AF Gervais, Claire
Grissom, Carol A.
Little, Nicole
Wachowiak, Melvin J.
TI Cleaning Marble with Ammonium Citrate
SO STUDIES IN CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
ID CITRIC-ACID; DISSOLUTION; KINETICS; CALCITE; STONE
AB Ammonium citrate solutions were tested to determine possible damage on marble using two concentrations four different values of pH and several variations in application As pH dropped from mints of 10 to 7 marble chips immersed in the solutions showed increasing dissolution of calcite and polished marble tiles to winch solutions had been applied showed increasing loss of gloss and brightness The least damage to marble tiles was produced when solutions were covered during application and single cleanings were found to be less damaging than multiple cleanings of the same total application time Comparison with other cleaning agents - ammonium thioglycolate and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) showed that ammonium citrate solutions could be as mild as thioglycolate when used in sonic conditions such as high pH and low concentration In contrast ammonium citrate solutions could harm the stone significantly when used in other conditions such as pH 7 or high airflow In these cases the damage was nearly as much as a 2% solution of EDTA at pH 10 This study emphasizes the need to develop new cleaning products research which can only go hand in hand with a better understanding of the various interactions taking place between cleaning agent substrate and environment
C1 [Gervais, Claire; Little, Nicole; Wachowiak, Melvin J.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
[Grissom, Carol A.] St Louis Univ, Ctr Archaeometry Washington, St Louis, MO 63103 USA.
RP Gervais, C (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
RI Gervais, Claire/E-5505-2012; Little, Nicole/L-6420-2015
OI Gervais, Claire/0000-0003-2433-5537; Little, Nicole/0000-0002-9533-3187
NR 32
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PU INT INST CONSERVATION HISTORIC ARTISTIC WORKS
PI LONDON
PA 6 BUCKINGHAM ST, LONDON WC2N 6BA, ENGLAND
SN 0039-3630
J9 STUD CONSERV
JI Stud. Conserv.
PY 2010
VL 55
IS 3
BP 164
EP 176
PG 13
WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Analytical;
Spectroscopy
SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 694GS
UT WOS:000285283600005
ER
PT J
AU Robbins, RK
AF Robbins, Robert K.
TI The "upside down" systematics of hairstreak butterflies (Lycaenidae)
that eat pineapple and other Bromeliaceae
SO STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE basilides; megarus; Neotropical Eumaeini; Strymon; Thecla; ziba
ID FRUIT BORER; LEPIDOPTERA
AB All Lycaenidae larvae that eat Bromeliaceae belong to the Strymon ziba and S. serapio species groups, but confusion with taxonomy has resulted in widespread misidentification of the butterflies in both the ecological and agricultural literature. Published food plant records are assessed, and new rearing records are presented. The species that have been recorded eating Bromeliaceae are Strymon ziba (Hewitson), S. megarus (Godart), S. lucena (Hewitson), S. oreala (Hewitson), S. serapio (Godman & Salvin), S. azuba (Hewitson), and S. gabatha (Hewitson). The first four are recorded from pineapple, with the sympatric S. megarus and S. ziba sometimes being especially destructive in commercial fields. Most published records lump these two species and misidentify them under the names Thecla basilides, Thecla basalides, or Tmolus echion. Strymon ziba has also been reared from other monocotyledon plant families, such as Heliconiaceae and Haemodoraceae. In most cases, caterpillars eat flowers and fruits, but larvae of S. megarus and/or S. ziba may also bore into leaves when flowers and fruits are unavailable. The known bromeliad feeders are illustrated, and distinguishing characters are noted. The female butterflies appear to use reddish color as a visual cue, which could be the basis for a non-insecticidal means of controlling outbreaks in commercial pineapple crops.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Robbins, RK (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, POB 37012,NHB Stop 105, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM robbinsr@si.edu
NR 102
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 10
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0165-0521
EI 1744-5140
J9 STUD NEOTROP FAUNA E
JI Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ.
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 1
BP 21
EP 37
DI 10.1080/01650521003751712
PG 17
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 596BV
UT WOS:000277659400003
ER
PT J
AU LaPolla, JS
Brady, SG
Shattuck, SO
AF LaPolla, John S.
Brady, Sean G.
Shattuck, Steven O.
TI Phylogeny and taxonomy of the Prenolepis genus-group of ants
(Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
SO SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DIVERSIFICATION; REVISION; OUTLINE
AB We investigated the phylogeny and taxonomy of the Prenolepis genus-group, a clade of ants we define within the subfamily Formicinae comprising the genera Euprenolepis, Nylanderia, gen. rev., Paraparatrechina, gen. rev. & stat. nov., Paratrechina, Prenolepis and Pseudolasius. We inferred a phylogeny of the Prenolepis genus-group using DNA sequence data from five genes (CAD, EF1 alpha F1, EF1 alpha F2, wingless and COI) sampled from 50 taxa. Based on the results of this phylogeny the taxonomy of the Prenolepis genus-group was re-examined. Paratrechina (broad sense) species segregated into three distinct, robust clades. Paratrechina longicornis represents a distinct lineage, a result consistent with morphological evidence; because this is the type species for the genus, Paratrechina is redefined as a monotypic genus. Two formerly synonymized subgenera, Nylanderia and Paraparatrechina, are raised to generic status in order to provide names for the other two clades. The majority of taxa formerly placed in Paratrechina, 133 species and subspecies, are transferred to Nylanderia, and 28 species and subspecies are transferred to Paraparatrechina. In addition, two species are transferred from Pseudolasius to Paraparatrechina and one species of Pseudolasius is transferred to Nylanderia. A morphological diagnosis for the worker caste of all six genera is provided, with a discussion of the morphological characters used to define each genus. Two genera, Prenolepis and Pseudolasius, were not recovered as monophyletic by the molecular data, and the implications of this result are discussed. A worker-based key to the genera of the Prenolepis genus-group is provided.
C1 [LaPolla, John S.] Towson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Towson, MD 21252 USA.
[Brady, Sean G.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Shattuck, Steven O.] CSIRO Entomol, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
RP LaPolla, JS (reprint author), Towson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Towson, MD 21252 USA.
EM JLapolla@towson.edu
RI Shattuck, Steve/B-2258-2009
FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0743542, EF-0431330]; Australian
Commonwealth Environment Research Facilities' Taxonomy Research and
Information Network
FX This project would not have been possible without the kind support of
the many biologists who sent us specimens for both molecular and
morphological analysis. For specimens we sincerely thank: Gary Alpert,
Daniel Burckhardt, Stefan Cover, Lloyd Davis, Brian Fisher, Milan Janda,
Fabio Penati, Martin Pfeiffer, Phil Ward, Jim Wetterer, Volker Witte and
Seiki Yamane. We thank Alex Wild for the use of his photographs. Katrina
Pagenkopp and Nor Dahlan provided valuable laboratory support. Scott
Whittaker provided assistance with the SEM work. Helpful comments and
suggestions about the manuscript were provided by three anonymous
reviewers. This research was supported by the National Science
Foundation under grants DEB-0743542, EF-0431330, and the Australian
Commonwealth Environment Research Facilities' Taxonomy Research and
Information Network.
NR 56
TC 67
Z9 73
U1 0
U2 25
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0307-6970
EI 1365-3113
J9 SYST ENTOMOL
JI Syst. Entomol.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 1
BP 118
EP 131
PG 14
WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology
SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology
GA 540HJ
UT WOS:000273321800008
ER
PT J
AU Kitahara, MV
Cairns, SD
Miller, DJ
AF Kitahara, Marcelo V.
Cairns, Stephen D.
Miller, David J.
TI Monophyletic origin of Caryophyllia (Scleractinia, Caryophylliidae),
with descriptions of six new species
SO SYSTEMATICS AND BIODIVERSITY
LA English
DT Article
DE 16S rRNA; Australia; azooxanthellate; Caryophyllia; deep-sea; New
Caledonia; phylogenetic analysis; Scleractinia
ID AZOOXANTHELLATE SCLERACTINIA; CNIDARIA ANTHOZOA; CORALS; EVOLUTION;
VANUATU
AB The genus Caryophyllia Lamarck, 1816 is the most diverse genus within the azooxanthellate Scleractinia comprising 66 Recent species and a purported 195 nominal fossil species. Examination of part of the deep-sea scleractinian collection made by the Paris Museum off New Caledonia and part of the material collected by CSIRO off Australian waters revealed the occurrence of 23 species of Caryophyllia, of which six are new to science. All new records, including the new species, are described, and synonyms, distribution, type locality, type material and illustration are provided for each species. An identification key to all Recent species of Caryophyllia is presented. In addition, the validity of the genus Caryophyllia was investigated by phylogenetic analyses of a dataset consisting of partial mitochondrial 16S rRNA sequences from 12 species assigned to this genus together with seven species representing some of the most morphologically similar caryophylliid genera, and 14 non-caryophyllid species representing 14 scleractinian families. Irrespective of the method of analysis employed, all of the Caryophyllia species formed a well-supported clade together with Dasmosmilia lymani and Crispatotrochus rugosus. Although based on a subset of the Recent Caryophyllia species, these results are consistent with Caryophyllia being a valid genus, but call for a reexamination of Dasmosmilia and Crispatotrochus.
C1 [Kitahara, Marcelo V.; Miller, David J.] James Cook Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Kitahara, Marcelo V.; Miller, David J.] James Cook Univ, Coral Genom Grp, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Cairns, Stephen D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Kitahara, MV (reprint author), James Cook Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Mol Sci Bld,Douglas Campus, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
EM mvkitahara@yahoo.com.br
RI Kitahara, Marcelo/D-5560-2011; Manager, MEEL/C-4732-2015
FU Fisheries Research and Development Corporation (FRDC); Environment
Australia (now the Australian Government Department of Environment,
Water, Heritage and the Arts); Australian CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific
and Industrial Research Organization) [SS102005, SS022007]; Coordenacao
de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)
FX We would like to thank Professor Dr Karen Miller and Dr Felicity
Mcennulty for the loan of material collected off south and western
Australia: the 1997 survey (SS01997) was conducted by the Australian
CSIRO Marine Research with funding from the Fisheries Research and
Development Corporation (FRDC) and Environment Australia (now the
Australian Government Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and the
Arts); the 2005/2007 cruises (SS102005 and SS022007) were funded by the
Australian CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research
Organization) Wealth from Oceans Flagship with the assistance of the
Australian Government Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and
the Arts; and the NOR-FANZ cruise was a collaboration between
Australia's National Oceans Office (now the Australian Government
Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts), Australia's
CSIROMarine and Atmospheric Research, New Zealand's Ministry of
Fisheries and New Zealand's National Institute of Water and Atmospheric
Sciences. We also thank Dr Carden Wallace and Mrs Barbara Done for the
logistic helpwith the loans. We are grateful to Dr Pierre Lozouet, Dr
Aude Andouche and Dr Philippe Bouchet for providing part of the material
used in the present study. The first author is very thankful to Mr James
Robinson and Mr Dustin Edge for the technical assistance. The first
author also thanks the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de
Nivel Superior (CAPES) for the PhD scholarship.
NR 87
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1477-2000
EI 1478-0933
J9 SYST BIODIVERS
JI Syst. Biodivers.
PY 2010
VL 8
IS 1
BP 91
EP 118
DI 10.1080/14772000903571088
PG 28
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Biology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 589XG
UT WOS:000277186900009
ER
PT J
AU Borges, PAV
Gabriel, R
Arroz, AM
Costa, A
Cunha, RT
Silva, L
Mendonca, E
Martins, AMF
Reis, F
Cardoso, P
AF Borges, Paulo A. V.
Gabriel, Rosalina
Arroz, Ana M.
Costa, Ana
Cunha, Regina T.
Silva, Luis
Mendonca, Enesima
Martins, Antonio M. F.
Reis, Francisco
Cardoso, Pedro
TI The Azorean Biodiversity Portal: An internet database for regional
biodiversity outreach
SO SYSTEMATICS AND BIODIVERSITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Azores; biodiversity; database; science communication; species
distribution; webpage
ID CONSERVATION; ARTHROPODS; ISLANDS; INFRASTRUCTURE; INFORMATICS;
ARCHIPELAGO; DIVERSITY; PATTERNS; TERCEIRA; EXAMPLE
AB There is a growing interest in academia to provide biodiversity data to both the scientific community and the public. We present an internet database of the terrestrial lichens, bryophytes, vascular plants, molluscs, arthropods, vertebrates and coastal invertebrates of the Azores archipelago (Portugal, North Atlantic): the Azorean Biodiversity Portal (ABP, http://www.azoresbioportal.angra.uac.pt/). This is a unique resource for fundamental research in systematics, biodiversity, education and conservation management. The ABP was based on a regional species database (ATLANTIS), comprised of grid-based spatial incidence information for c. 5000 species. Most of the data rely on a comprehensive literature survey (dating back to the 19th century) as well as unpublished records from recent field surveys in the Azores. The ABP disseminates the ATLANTIS database to the public, allowing universal, unrestricted access to much of its data. Complementarily, the ABP includes additional information of interest to the general public (e.g. literature on Macaronesian biodiversity) together with images from collections and/or live specimens for many species. In this contribution we explain the implementation of a regional biodiversity database, its architecture, achievements and outcomes, strengths and limitations; we further include a number of suggestions in order to implement similar initiatives.
C1 [Borges, Paulo A. V.; Gabriel, Rosalina; Arroz, Ana M.; Mendonca, Enesima; Cardoso, Pedro] Univ Acores, Azorean Biodivers Grp CITAA, Dept Ciencias Agr, P-9701851 Terceira, Acores, Portugal.
[Costa, Ana; Cunha, Regina T.; Silva, Luis; Martins, Antonio M. F.] Univ Acores, CIBIO Res Ctr Biodivers & Genet Resources Polo Ac, Dept Biol, P-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal.
[Reis, Francisco] Univ Acores, Ctr Estudos Clima Meteorol & Mudancas Globais C C, Dep Ciencias Agr, P-9701851 Angra Do Heroismo, Portugal.
[Cardoso, Pedro] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Borges, PAV (reprint author), Univ Acores, Azorean Biodivers Grp CITAA, Dept Ciencias Agr, P-9701851 Terceira, Acores, Portugal.
EM pborges@uac.pt; rgabriel@uac.pt; accosta@uac.pt; rcunha@uac.pt;
lsilva@uac.pt; frias@uac.pt
RI Borges, Paulo/B-2780-2008; Gabriel, Rosalina/F-1598-2013; Costa, Ana
Cristina/L-8023-2013; Tristao da Cunha, Regina/M-3489-2013; Cardoso,
Pedro/A-8820-2008; Martins, Antonio/L-7932-2013
OI Borges, Paulo/0000-0002-8448-7623; Arroz, Ana/0000-0001-8279-4470;
Gabriel, Rosalina/0000-0002-3550-8010; Costa, Ana
Cristina/0000-0002-0258-3460; Tristao da Cunha,
Regina/0000-0003-4234-3223; Cardoso, Pedro/0000-0001-8119-9960; Silva,
Luis/0000-0002-3434-6056; Martins, Antonio/0000-0001-5358-8424
FU CITA-A (University of Azores); 'Direccao Regional do Ambiente e do Mar'
(Azores Government); FCT [PTDC/BIA-BEC/100182/2008,
PTDC/BIA-BEC/104571/2008]
FX We are grateful to Jose Luis Martin for his vision in leading the
ATLANTIS database creation. We thank the Editor, Elliot Shubert, and two
anonymous referees for helpful comments. The generation of the 'The
Azorean Biodiversity Portal' was one of the objectives of the ATLANTICO
and BIONATURA Interreg IIIB projects, with the general coordination of
Direccion General del Medio Natural del Gobierno de Canarias and Azorean
coordination of ARENA (Azores) and Direccao Regional do Ambiente
(Azores). The website is currently being funded by CITA-A (University of
Azores) and 'Direccao Regional do Ambiente e do Mar' (Azores
Government). PAVB is currently being funded by the FCT Projects
(PTDC/BIA-BEC/100182/2008 and PTDC/BIA-BEC/104571/2008).
NR 62
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 13
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1477-2000
J9 SYST BIODIVERS
JI Syst. Biodivers.
PY 2010
VL 8
IS 4
BP 423
EP 434
AR PII 931445397
DI 10.1080/14772000.2010.514306
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Biology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 697LX
UT WOS:000285516200003
ER
PT J
AU Stephens, CE
AF Stephens, Carlene E.
TI Ruth Belville: The Greenwich Time Lady
SO TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Stephens, Carlene E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Stephens, CE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS
PI BALTIMORE
PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD
21218-4363 USA
SN 0040-165X
J9 TECHNOL CULT
JI Technol. Cult.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 51
IS 1
BP 248
EP 249
PG 2
WC History & Philosophy Of Science
SC History & Philosophy of Science
GA 577KV
UT WOS:000276222900022
ER
PT J
AU Laurance, WF
AF Laurance, William F.
BE Losos, JB
Ricklefs, RE
TI Beyond Island Biogeography Theory UNDERSTANDING HABITAT FRAGMENTATION IN
THE REAL WORLD
SO THEORY OF ISLAND BIOGEOGRAPHY REVISITED
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID AMAZONIAN FOREST FRAGMENTS; SPECIES-AREA RELATIONSHIP; AUSTRALIAN
WHEAT-BELT; TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; NATURE-RESERVES; EQUILIBRIUM-THEORY;
TURNOVER RATES; CONSERVATION PRACTICE; EXTINCTION PRONENESS;
POPULATION-DYNAMICS
C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Laurance, WF (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
NR 140
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 10
PU PRINCETON UNIV PRESS
PI PRINCETON
PA 41 WILLIAM ST, PRINCETON, NJ 08540 USA
BN 978-0-691-13652-3
PY 2010
BP 214
EP 236
PG 23
WC Developmental Biology; Geography, Physical
SC Developmental Biology; Physical Geography
GA BTE31
UT WOS:000286633900010
ER
PT J
AU Siriaroonrat, B
Comizzoli, P
Songsasen, N
Monfort, SL
Wildt, DE
Pukazhenthi, BS
AF Siriaroonrat, B.
Comizzoli, P.
Songsasen, N.
Monfort, S. L.
Wildt, D. E.
Pukazhenthi, B. S.
TI Oocyte quality and estradiol supplementation affect in vitro maturation
success in the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)
SO THERIOGENOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Estradiol; IVM; Nuclear maturation; Oocyte; White-tailed deer
ID MATURING HUMAN OOCYTES; BOVINE OOCYTES; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; DEVELOPMENTAL
COMPETENCE; PHOSPHORYLATION PATTERNS; STEROID-HORMONES; CERVUS-ELAPHUS;
PIG OOCYTES; INVITRO; 17-BETA-ESTRADIOL
AB White-tailed deer oocyte biology is not well documented. The objective of this study was to determine (1) the influence of estradiol (E(2)) supplementation on meiotic resumption and the ability to "rescue" poorer quality (lower grade) oocytes and (2) the kinetics of oocyte nuclear maturation in vitro in the white-tailed deer. In Experiment 1, immature oocytes harvested during hunting-culling operations were cultured for 24 h in the presence or absence of E(2). Incubation in 1 mu g/mL E(2) promoted nuclear maturation (to telophase I, TI; or to metaphase II, MII) in a higher proportion of Grade 1 oocytes (similar to 77%; P < 0.05) compared with that in Grade 2 or Grade 3 counterparts (similar to 51%). For Grades 2 and 3 oocytes, there was no advantage (P > 0.05) for E(2) supplementation in reaching TI/MII. In Experiment 2, Grade 1 oocytes were cultured in the presence of E(2) and nuclear status evaluated at 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h of in vitro incubation. At 0 h, > 70% of oocytes already had undergone germinal vesicle breakdown. After 12 h, similar to 70% of oocytes had reached metaphase I of nuclear maturation, with similar to 75% achieving TI/MII by 24 h in vitro. In summary, adding E(2) to an in vitro maturation (IVM) culture system for white-tailed deer was advantageous, but only for the highest quality oocytes, with similar to 75% achieving nuclear maturation. In contrast, E(2) supplement did not benefit lower-grade oocytes, half of which will reach MII, with the other half failing. Under the described culture conditions, good-quality white-tailed deer oocytes achieve nuclear maturation over a time duration comparable with that reported in other ungulates. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Siriaroonrat, B.; Comizzoli, P.; Songsasen, N.; Monfort, S. L.; Wildt, D. E.; Pukazhenthi, B. S.] Conservat & Res Ctr, Ctr Species Survival, Dept Reprod Sci, Front Royal, VA USA.
[Siriaroonrat, B.] George Mason Univ, Dept Biol, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Pukazhenthi, BS (reprint author), Conservat & Res Ctr, Ctr Species Survival, Dept Reprod Sci, Smithsonians Natl Zool Pk, Front Royal, VA USA.
EM pukazhenthib@si.edu
FU National Zoo; Morris Animal Foundation; George Mason University
FX We thank Joe Witt, Holly Obrecht, Earl Hodnett, David Kocka, Dan
Lovelace, Linwood Williamson, Lisa Ware, Warren Lynch, and Scott
Derrickson for providing ovaries during the culling operation. This
study was supported by funds from the Smithsonian Scholarly Studies
Program, Friends of the National Zoo, and the Morris Animal Foundation.
Boripat Siriaroonrat was a recipient of a Graduate Fellowship from
George Mason University.
NR 43
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0093-691X
J9 THERIOGENOLOGY
JI Theriogenology
PD JAN 1
PY 2010
VL 73
IS 1
BP 112
EP 119
DI 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.08.007
PG 8
WC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 584KF
UT WOS:000276749900013
PM 19853902
ER
PT J
AU Sanderson, EW
Forrest, J
Loucks, C
Ginsberg, J
Dinerstein, E
Seidensticker, J
Leimgruber, P
Songer, M
Heydlauff, A
O'Brien, T
Bryja, G
Klenzendorf, S
Wikramanayake, E
AF Sanderson, Eric W.
Forrest, Jessica
Loucks, Colby
Ginsberg, Joshua
Dinerstein, Eric
Seidensticker, John
Leimgruber, Peter
Songer, Melissa
Heydlauff, Andrea
O'Brien, Timothy
Bryja, Gosia
Klenzendorf, Sybille
Wikramanayake, Eric
BE Tilson, R
Nyhus, PJ
TI Setting Priorities for Tiger Conservation: 2005-2015
SO TIGERS OF THE WORLD: THE SCIENCE, POLITICS, AND CONSERVATION OF PANTHERA
TIGRIS, 2ND EDITION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID DENSITIES; FORESTS; WORLDS; RATES; WILD
C1 [Sanderson, Eric W.; Forrest, Jessica; Ginsberg, Joshua; Heydlauff, Andrea; O'Brien, Timothy; Bryja, Gosia] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bronx, NY USA.
[Loucks, Colby; Dinerstein, Eric; Klenzendorf, Sybille; Wikramanayake, Eric] World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC 20037 USA.
[Seidensticker, John] Smithsonians Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC USA.
[Leimgruber, Peter; Songer, Melissa] Smithsonians Natl Zool Pk, Front Royal, VA USA.
RP Sanderson, EW (reprint author), Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bronx, NY USA.
RI Leimgruber, Peter/O-1304-2015
OI Leimgruber, Peter/0000-0002-3682-0153
NR 24
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-0-08-094751-8
PY 2010
BP 143
EP 161
DI 10.1016/B978-0-8155-1570-8.00009-8
PG 19
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Veterinary Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Veterinary Sciences
GA BES23
UT WOS:000317922600011
ER
PT J
AU Wikramanayake, E
Dinerstein, E
Forrest, J
Loucks, C
Seidensticker, J
Klenzendorf, S
Sanderson, EW
Simons, R
Heydlauff, A
Ginsberg, J
O'Brien, T
Leimgruber, P
Songer, M
Bryja, G
AF Wikramanayake, Eric
Dinerstein, Eric
Forrest, Jessica
Loucks, Colby
Seidensticker, John
Klenzendorf, Sybille
Sanderson, Eric W.
Simons, Ross
Heydlauff, Andrea
Ginsberg, Joshua
O'Brien, Timothy
Leimgruber, Peter
Songer, Melissa
Bryja, Gosia
BE Tilson, R
Nyhus, PJ
TI Roads to Recovery or Catastrophic Loss: How Will the Next Decade End for
Wild Tigers?
SO TIGERS OF THE WORLD: THE SCIENCE, POLITICS, AND CONSERVATION OF PANTHERA
TIGRIS, 2ND EDITION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID CONSERVATION; FOREST
C1 [Wikramanayake, Eric] World Wildlife Fund, Conservat Sci Program, Washington, DC 20037 USA.
[Dinerstein, Eric; Forrest, Jessica; Loucks, Colby; Klenzendorf, Sybille] World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC 20037 USA.
[Seidensticker, John] Smithsonians Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC USA.
[Sanderson, Eric W.; Heydlauff, Andrea; Ginsberg, Joshua; O'Brien, Timothy; Bryja, Gosia] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bronx, NY USA.
[Simons, Ross] Simons & Associates, Alexandria, VA USA.
[Leimgruber, Peter; Songer, Melissa] Smithsonians Natl Zool Pk, Front Royal, VA USA.
RP Wikramanayake, E (reprint author), World Wildlife Fund, Conservat Sci Program, 1250 24th St NW, Washington, DC 20037 USA.
RI Leimgruber, Peter/O-1304-2015
OI Leimgruber, Peter/0000-0002-3682-0153
NR 19
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-0-08-094751-8
PY 2010
BP 493
EP 506
DI 10.1016/B978-0-8155-1570-8.00040-2
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Veterinary Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Veterinary Sciences
GA BES23
UT WOS:000317922600042
ER
PT J
AU Zeigler, SL
Fagan, WF
DeFries, R
Raboy, BE
AF Zeigler, Sara L.
Fagan, William F.
DeFries, Ruth
Raboy, Becky E.
TI Identifying Important Forest Patches for the Long-term Persistence of
the Endangered Golden-Headed Lion Tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas)
SO TROPICAL CONSERVATION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic forest; Golden-headed lion tamarin; Minimum area requirement;
Minimum viable population (MVP); Population viability analysis (PVA)
ID BRAZILIAN ATLANTIC FOREST; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; HABITAT;
POPULATIONS; FRAGMENTATION; CONNECTIVITY; VIABILITY; DYNAMICS; SURVIVAL;
REMNANTS
AB As habitat for the golden-headed lion tamarin (GHLT; Leontopithecus chrysomelas) in Brazil's Atlantic forest becomes smaller and more fragmented, remaining large forest patches may be critical to the persistence of the species. The objectives of our study were to identify the forest patch size that could support a viable population of GHLTs under a range of risk scenarios and to locate patches meeting these size requirements. We found the self-sustaining minimum viable population (MVP) size of GHLTs using the simulation program Vortex under a baseline model and under several anthropogenic disturbance models. We multiplied the MVP size determined in each model scenario by low, medium, and high GHLT population densities to estimate a minimum area requirement. We then used a forest cover map derived through a supervised classification of 2004-2008 Landsat 5TM imagery to locate forest patches meeting the range of minimum area requirements. We found that the MVP size of GHLTs is 70-960 individuals, requiring a forest patch size of 700-18,113 ha depending on the risk level or scenario considered. We found one forest patch that could support a genetically viable, self-sustaining population of GHLTs under the highest level of risk. However, only one federally protected reserve known to currently support GHLTs exists within the range of the species while continuing deforestation, land conversion, and construction projects are real and major threats to the remaining GHLT habitat. Research into the quality and occupancy of the largest patches highlighted here as well as additional protection of habitat needs to be a priority for GHLT conservation.
C1 [Zeigler, Sara L.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Fagan, William F.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[DeFries, Ruth] Columbia Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, New York, NY USA.
[Raboy, Becky E.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC USA.
[Raboy, Becky E.] Inst Estudos Socioambientais Sul Bahia, Ilheus, Bahia, Brazil.
RP Zeigler, SL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM szeigler@umd.edu; bfagan@umd.edu; rd2402@columbia.edu; raboyb@si.edu
FU Explorer's Club, Washington Group Exploration and Field Research
FX We thank Maile Neel, Leonardo Oliveira, and two anonymous reviewers for
valuable comments and suggestions on earlier versions of this
manuscript. We also thank Douglas Morton and Alessandro Coelho Marques
who provided technical assistance in the classification of remotely
sensed data. Long-term demographic data on GHLTs were obtained by B.
Raboy and J. Dietz and their field assistants Jose Renato, Daniel
Batista, Gilvan Gomes Mota, Gilvanio Gomes Mota, and Jiomario Sousa from
studies in Una Biological Reserve authorized by IBAMA and CNPq. Reserve
directors Saturnino Souza and Paulo Cruz were instrumental in their
support. Jonathan Ballou provided valuable assistance in the analysis of
demographic data used to parameterize our PVA models. Special thanks to
Leonardo Oliveira who provided training data for the landscape
classification and acted as a guide for S. Zeigler while visiting
Brazil. Finally, we thank Nayara Cardoso and Leonardo Neves of the
Conexao Mico Leao Project (Smithsonian/IESB) survey team. S. Zeigler was
supported by an Explorer's Club, Washington Group Exploration and Field
Research Grant.
NR 55
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 7
U2 27
PU TROPICAL CONSERVATION SCIENCE
PI MENLO PARK
PA PO BOX 0291, MENLO PARK, CA 94026-0291 USA
SN 1940-0829
J9 TROP CONSERV SCI
JI Trop. Conserv. Sci.
PY 2010
VL 3
IS 1
BP 63
EP 77
PG 15
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA V21YD
UT WOS:000208242000006
ER
PT S
AU Isenberg, PA
Vasquez, BJ
Cranmer, SR
AF Isenberg, Philip A.
Vasquez, Bernard J.
Cranmer, Steven R.
BE Maksimovic, M
Issautier, K
MeyerVernet, N
Moncuquet, M
Pantellini, F
TI Modeling the Preferential Acceleration and Heating of Coronal Hole O5+
as Measured by UVCS/SOHO
SO TWELFTH INTERNATIONAL SOLAR WIND CONFERENCE
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Solar Wind Conference
CY JUN 21-26, 2009
CL St Milo, FRANCE
SP LESIA, Paris Observ, CNRS, CNES, French Natl Sun Earth Connect Program, European Space Agcy, NASA
DE solar wind; preferential acceleration; ion cyclotron waves; coronal
holes
ID R-CIRCLE-DOT; SOLAR CORONA; MINOR IONS; GENERATION; WIND
AB We have recently presented a mechanism for preferential acceleration and heating of coronal hole minor ions [1, 2]. The energization is due to the effect of multiple cyclotron resonances in the presence of sunward and anti- sunward dispersive ion cyclotron waves, providing a second-order Fermi interaction. The mechanism is preferential because coronal hole protons do not experience such multiple resonances. The detailed model results depend on many parameters, including poorly-known quantities such as the wave intensities, spectral shapes and radial profiles. In this paper, we show that reasonable choices for these quantities can yield excellent agreement with the observations. We find that only a small fraction of the extrapolated wave power is needed to provide the observed heating, and there is an indication that the resonant wave levels are increasing with radial position between r = 2 R-S and 4 R-S.
C1 [Isenberg, Philip A.; Vasquez, Bernard J.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Cranmer, Steven R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Isenberg, PA (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
EM phil.isenberg@unh.edu
FU NSF [ATM0719738]; DoE [DEFG0207ER46372]; NASA [NNX06AG95G, NNX09AB27G]
FX This work was supported in part by NSF grant ATM0719738, DoE grant
DEFG0207ER46372, and NASA grants NNX06AG95G and NNX09AB27G.
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0759-6
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1216
BP 56
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3395929
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BQO19
UT WOS:000281438100013
ER
PT S
AU Breech, B
Cranmer, SR
Matthaeus, WH
Kasper, JC
Oughton, S
AF Breech, Ben
Cranmer, Steven R.
Matthaeus, William H.
Kasper, Justin C.
Oughton, Sean
BE Maksimovic, M
Issautier, K
MeyerVernet, N
Moncuquet, M
Pantellini, F
TI Heating of the solar wind with electron and proton effects
SO TWELFTH INTERNATIONAL SOLAR WIND CONFERENCE
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Solar Wind Conference
CY JUN 21-26, 2009
CL St Milo, FRANCE
SP LESIA, Paris Observ, CNRS, CNES, French Natl Sun Earth Connect Program, European Space Agcy, NASA
DE turbulence; solar wind; electron heat conduction
ID ULYSSES OBSERVATIONS; TURBULENCE; DISSIPATION; TRANSPORT; 1-AU;
FLUCTUATIONS; CASCADE; FLUX
AB We examine the effects of including effects of both protons and electrons on the heating of the fast solar wind through two different approaches. In the first approach, we incorporate the electron temperature in an MHD turbulence transport model for the solar wind. In the second approach, we adopt more empirically based methods by analyzing the measured proton and electron temperatures to calculate the heat deposition rates. Overall, we conclude that incorporating separate proton and electron temperatures and heat conduction effects provides an improved and more complete model of the heating of the solar wind.
C1 [Breech, Ben] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Cranmer, Steven R.; Kasper, Justin C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Matthaeus, William H.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Oughton, Sean] Univ Waikato, Dept Math, Hamilton, New Zealand.
RP Breech, B (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM babreech@gmail.com; whm@udel.edu; jkasper@cfa.harvard.edu;
seano@waikato.ac.nz
RI Kasper, Justin/D-1152-2010; Oughton, Sean/A-3380-2012
OI Kasper, Justin/0000-0002-7077-930X; Oughton, Sean/0000-0002-2814-7288
FU NASA Postdoctoral Program at Goddard Space Flight Center; NASA
[NNG04GE77G, NNX06AG95G, NNX09-AB27G, NNX08AI47G, NNX08AW07G]; NSF [ATM
0752135]
FX BABs research was supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral
Program at Goddard Space Flight Center. SRCs work was supported by the
NASA under grants NNG04GE77G, NNX06AG95G, and NNX09-AB27G to the
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. WHMs research was supported by
NSF ATM 0752135 (SHINE) and NASA NNX08AI47G (Heliophysics Theory
Program). JCKs research was supported in part by NASA grant NNX08AW07G.
NR 23
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0759-6
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1216
BP 214
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3395840
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BQO19
UT WOS:000281438100051
ER
PT S
AU Slavin, JD
Frisch, PC
Heerikhuisen, J
Pogorelov, NV
Mueller, HR
Reach, WT
Zank, GP
Dasgupta, B
Avinash, K
AF Slavin, J. D.
Frisch, P. C.
Heerikhuisen, J.
Pogorelov, N. V.
Mueller, H. -R.
Reach, W. T.
Zank, G. P.
Dasgupta, B.
Avinash, K.
BE Maksimovic, M
Issautier, K
MeyerVernet, N
Moncuquet, M
Pantellini, F
TI Exclusion of Tiny Interstellar Dust Grains From the Heliosphere
SO TWELFTH INTERNATIONAL SOLAR WIND CONFERENCE
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Solar Wind Conference
CY JUN 21-26, 2009
CL St Milo, FRANCE
SP LESIA, Paris Observ, CNRS, CNES, French Natl Sun Earth Connect Program, European Space Agcy, NASA
DE heliosphere; interstellar matter
ID TERMINATION SHOCK; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; NEUTRAL HYDROGEN; SOLAR-WIND;
EXTINCTION; RADIATION; ULTRAVIOLET; ASYMMETRIES; ABUNDANCE; EMISSION
AB The distribution of interstellar dust grains (ISDG) observed in the Solar System depends on the nature of the interstellar medium-solar wind interaction. The charge of the grains couples them to the interstellar magnetic field (ISMF) resulting in some fraction of grains being excluded from the heliosphere while grains on the larger end of the size distribution, with gyroradii comparable to the size of the heliosphere, penetrate the termination shock. This results in a skewing the size distribution detected in the Solar System.
We present new calculations of grain trajectories and the resultant grain density distribution for small ISDGs propagating through the heliosphere. We make use of detailed heliosphere model results, using three-dimensional (3-D) magnetohydrodynamic/kinetic models designed to match data on the shape of the termination shock and the relative deflection of interstellar H degrees and He degrees flowing into the heliosphere. We find that the necessary inclination of the ISMF relative to the inflow direction results in an asymmetry in the distribution of the larger grains (0.1 mu m) that penetrate the heliopause. Smaller grains (0.01 mu m) are completely excluded from the Solar System at the heliopause.
C1 [Slavin, J. D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Frisch, P. C.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Heerikhuisen, J.; Pogorelov, N. V.; Zank, G. P.; Dasgupta, B.; Avinash, K.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeron Res, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
[Mueller, H. -R.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, 6127 Wilder Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
[Reach, W. T.] CALTECH, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Slavin, JD (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM jacob.heerikhuisen@uah.edu; np0002@uah.edu; zank@cspar.uah.edu
OI Mueller, Hans-Reinhard/0000-0001-7364-5377; Reach,
William/0000-0001-8362-4094; Heerikhuisen, Jacob/0000-0001-7867-3633
FU NASA [NNX08AJ33G, NNX09AH50G, NNX07AH18G, NNX08AJ21G, NNX09AB24G,
NNX09AG29G, NNX09AG62G, NNG05EC85C]
FX This work has been supported by NASA grants NNX08AJ33G, NNX09AH50G,
NNX07AH18G, NNX08AJ21G, NNX09AB24G, NNX09AG29G, and NNX09AG62G, and NASA
contract NNG05EC85C.
NR 20
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0759-6
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1216
BP 497
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3396301
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BQO19
UT WOS:000281438100116
ER
PT S
AU Farrell, SA
Servillat, M
Oates, SR
Heywood, I
Godet, O
Webb, NA
Barret, D
AF Farrell, S. A.
Servillat, M.
Oates, S. R.
Heywood, I.
Godet, O.
Webb, N. A.
Barret, D.
BE Comastri, A
Cappi, M
Angelini, L
TI Further Observations of the Intermediate Mass Black Hole Candidate ESO
243-49 HLX-1
SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND
FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status,
Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Bologna, ITALY
SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept
DE Black holes; X-ray binaries; Infall, accretion, and accretion discs;
X-ray sources
ID STAR-FORMATION; CATALOG
AB The brightest Ultra-Luminous X-ray source HLX-1 in the galaxy ESO 243-49 currently provides strong evidence for the existence of intermediate mass black holes. Here we present the latest multi-wavelength results on this intriguing source in X-ray, UV and radio bands. We have refined the X-ray position to sub-arcsecond accuracy. We also report the detection of UV emission that could indicate ongoing star formation in the region around HLX-1. The lack of detectable radio emission at the X-ray position strengthens the argument against a background AGN.
C1 [Farrell, S. A.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Univ Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
[Servillat, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Oates, S. R.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England.
[Heywood, I.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 2JD, England.
[Godet, O.; Webb, N. A.; Barret, D.] Univ Toulouse, UPS, CESR, F-31028 Toulouse, France.
RP Farrell, SA (reprint author), Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Univ Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
FU STFC; CNRS; CNES; Commonwealth of Australia for operation as a National
Facility managed by CSIRO; [AR9-0013X]
FX S.A.F. and S.R.O. acknowledge STFC funding. O.G. acknowledges funding
from the CNRS and CNES. M.S. is supported in part by Chandra grant
AR9-0013X.The Australia Telescope Compact Array is part of the Australia
Telescope which is funded by the Commonwealth of Australia for operation
as a National Facility managed by CSIRO.
NR 10
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0795-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1248
BP 93
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3475364
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BSA02
UT WOS:000284017700023
ER
PT S
AU McClintock, JE
Narayan, R
Gou, L
Liu, J
Penna, RF
Steiner, JF
AF McClintock, J. E.
Narayan, R.
Gou, L.
Liu, J.
Penna, R. F.
Steiner, J. F.
BE Comastri, A
Cappi, M
Angelini, L
TI Measuring the Spins of Stellar Black Holes: A Progress Report
SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND
FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status,
Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Bologna, ITALY
SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept
DE X-ray sources; X-ray binaries; Accretion and accretion disks
ID ACCRETION DISK MODELS; X-RAY CONTINUUM; LMC X-1; BINARIES; STATE
AB We use the Novikov-Thorne thin disk model to fit the thermal continuum X-ray spectra of black hole X-ray binaries, and thereby extract the dimensionless spin parameter a(*) = a/M of the black hole as a parameter of the fit. We summarize the results obtained to date for six systems and describe work in progress on additional systems. We also describe recent methodological advances, our current efforts to make our analysis software fully available to others, and our theoretical efforts to validate the Novikov-Thorne model.
C1 [McClintock, J. E.; Narayan, R.; Gou, L.; Liu, J.; Penna, R. F.; Steiner, J. F.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP McClintock, JE (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
OI Narayan, Ramesh/0000-0002-1919-2730
NR 26
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0795-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1248
BP 101
EP 106
DI 10.1063/1.3475156
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BSA02
UT WOS:000284017700025
ER
PT S
AU Wolter, A
Fruscione, A
Bonaventura, N
AF Wolter, Anna
Fruscione, Antonella
Bonaventura, Nina
BE Comastri, A
Cappi, M
Angelini, L
TI A "Pandora's box" of galaxies
SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND
FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status,
Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Bologna, ITALY
SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept
DE Galaxies; normal; Galaxies; properties of; X-ray: galaxies
ID X-RAY SOURCES; CHANDRA
AB We present XMM-Newton observations of three high X-ray luminosity "normal" galaxies: MS1204.1+2826, MS1143.6+2040 and MS1309.1+3208. These objects are part of a flux limited sample of 8 high X-ray luminosity galaxies from the Einstein Medium Sensitivity Survey. The observations were performed with the aim of confirming that high X-ray luminosity normal galaxies discovered in deep XMM-Newton and Chandra survey, and often classified as new classes of exotic objects, were already present in earlier and much brighter samples. These "unusual" populations appearing at low X-ray fluxes represent the low-flux counterparts of the nearby and X-ray bright "galaxies" that have been known for decades.
C1 [Wolter, Anna] INAF OABrera, Via Brera 28, Milan, Italy.
[Fruscione, Antonella; Bonaventura, Nina] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA.
RP Wolter, A (reprint author), INAF OABrera, Via Brera 28, Milan, Italy.
EM anna.wolter@brera.inaf.it
OI Wolter, Anna/0000-0001-5840-9835
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0795-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1248
BP 247
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3475225
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BSA02
UT WOS:000284017700084
ER
PT S
AU Zhao, P
Grindlay, JE
Hong, JS
Koenig, X
van den Berg, M
Laycock, S
AF Zhao, Ping
Grindlay, Jonathan E.
Hong, Jaesub
Koenig, Xavier
van den Berg, Maureen
Laycock, Silas
BE Comastri, A
Cappi, M
Angelini, L
TI Chandra Multi-wavelength Plane Survey Towards the Galactic Center
SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND
FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status,
Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Bologna, ITALY
SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept
DE ChaMPlane; Chandra; Galactic center; Survey
ID X-RAY SOURCES; CHAMPLANE; WINDOW; BULGE
AB We have been conducting the Chandra Multi-wavelength Plane Survey (ChaMPlane) for the last decade. ChaMPlane is designed to survey the point X-ray sources discovered by the Chandra X-ray Observatory in the galactic plane in order to constrain the X-ray binary population in the Galaxy. This survey includes the data from the Chandra achieve, and the optical and infrared images and spectroscopes we obtained. So far we have observed 74 ChaMPlane fields which cover about 25 square degrees and 295 ACIS observations in the galactic plane (AO1-10). This paper reports our findings towards the Galactic Center.
C1 [Zhao, Ping; Grindlay, Jonathan E.; Hong, Jaesub; Koenig, Xavier; van den Berg, Maureen] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Laycock, Silas] Gemini Observ, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
RP Zhao, P (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
OI Koenig, Xavier/0000-0002-9478-4170
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0795-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1248
BP 249
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BSA02
UT WOS:000284017700085
ER
PT S
AU Jones, C
Churazov, E
Giacintucci, S
Machacek, M
Kraft, R
Nulsen, PEJ
Vikhlinin, A
Randall, S
David, L
Forman, WR
AF Jones, C.
Churazov, E.
Giacintucci, S.
Machacek, M.
Kraft, R.
Nulsen, P. E. J.
Vikhlinin, A.
Randall, S.
David, L.
Forman, W. R.
BE Comastri, A
Cappi, M
Angelini, L
TI Hot Gas in Clusters, Groups and Galaxies: From SMBH Outbursts to
Cosmology
SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND
FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status,
Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Bologna, ITALY
SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept
DE Black holes; AGN feedback; Intracluster Medium; Cosmology; Dark Energy
ID GASEOUS ATMOSPHERE; PERSEUS CLUSTER; COOLING FLOWS; DARK ENERGY; RAY;
CHANDRA; CONSTRAINTS; SAMPLE; M87; BUBBLES
AB This review focuses on recent results related to the energy feedback from the central SMBH into the surrounding cool gas and on the constraints that X-ray observations of clusters place on cosmological parameters. X-ray observations show that outbursts from SMBHs are common, even at the present epoch. Measurements of the cavities and shocks produced by these outbursts in the hot gas in clusters, groups and galaxies determine the outburst energy, age, duration and recurrence frequency. The energy from outbursts can balance that lost through radiative cooling and can reduce star formation and galaxy growth. On a global scale, cluster studies provide complementary constraints on cosmological parameters, and currently constrain the Dark Energy equation of state to the same or better levels as other methods.
C1 [Jones, C.; Giacintucci, S.; Machacek, M.; Kraft, R.; Nulsen, P. E. J.; Vikhlinin, A.; Randall, S.; David, L.; Forman, W. R.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Churazov, E.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85740 Garching, Germany.
RP Jones, C (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Churazov, Eugene/A-7783-2013;
OI Nulsen, Paul/0000-0003-0297-4493
FU Chandra X-ray Center; MPA/IKI; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
FX This work was supported by the Chandra X-ray Center, MPA/IKI, and the
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0795-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1248
BP 253
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3475227
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BSA02
UT WOS:000284017700086
ER
PT S
AU Forman, W
Churazov, E
Giacintucci, S
Machacek, M
Kraft, R
Jones, C
Heinz, S
Markevitch, M
Vikhlinin, A
Murgia, M
Randall, S
Johnson, R
AF Forman, W.
Churazov, E.
Giacintucci, S.
Machacek, M.
Kraft, R.
Jones, C.
Heinz, S.
Markevitch, M.
Vikhlinin, A.
Murgia, M.
Randall, S.
Johnson, R.
BE Comastri, A
Cappi, M
Angelini, L
TI 3C28 in Abell 115-A Radio Source With a Twist
SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND
FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status,
Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Bologna, ITALY
SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept
DE Galaxy Clusters; Mergers; Cold Fronts; radio sources
ID GALAXY CLUSTERS; COLD FRONTS; A115; IMAGES
AB Abell 115 contains two merging subclusters separated by about 900 kpc. The northern subcluster (hereafter, A115-N) contains a bright central galaxy that hosts the radio source 3C28 which has a remarkable morphology. Although there is no detectable active nucleus, two prominent jets connect to a pair of radio lobes, each of which exhibits a radio tail. We combine Chandra X-ray and VLA radio observations to study the gas motions in and around A115-N. We use the Chandra data to estimate the velocity of A115-N with respect to the ambient intracluster medium as well as the velocity of the gas within the subcluster A115-N. We suggest that the motion of A115-N through the cluster induces counter-rotating vortices in the subcluster gas that explain the unique morphology of 3C28 with its two tails pointing in the direction of motion for A115-N. We compare the X-ray gas circulation time within A115-N with the timescale computed from the spectral aging of the radio-emitting plasma and discuss the implications of these observations for the lifetimes of radio sources in gaseous atmospheres.
C1 [Forman, W.; Giacintucci, S.; Machacek, M.; Kraft, R.; Jones, C.; Markevitch, M.; Vikhlinin, A.; Randall, S.; Johnson, R.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St,MS 4, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Churazov, E.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85740 Garching, Germany.
[Heinz, S.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Murgia, M.] Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, INAF, I-09012 Capoterra, Italy.
RP Forman, W (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St,MS 4, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Churazov, Eugene/A-7783-2013;
OI Murgia, Matteo/0000-0002-4800-0806; Forman, William/0000-0002-9478-1682
FU Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
FX This work was supported by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0795-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1248
BP 273
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3475231
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BSA02
UT WOS:000284017700089
ER
PT S
AU Giacintucci, S
O'Sullivan, E
Vrtilek, JM
Raychaudhury, S
David, LP
Venturi, T
Athreya, R
Gitti, M
AF Giacintucci, S.
O'Sullivan, E.
Vrtilek, J. M.
Raychaudhury, S.
David, L. P.
Venturi, T.
Athreya, R.
Gitti, M.
BE Comastri, A
Cappi, M
Angelini, L
TI AGN feedback in groups of galaxies: a joint X-ray/low-frequency radio
study
SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND
FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status,
Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Bologna, ITALY
SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept
DE Galaxy groups; Radio galaxies; X-ray observations
ID CLUSTER AWM-4; CORE
AB We present an ongoing, low-frequency radio/X-ray study of 18 nearby galaxy groups, chosen for the evidence, either in the X-ray or radio images, of AGN/intragroup gas interaction. We have obtained radio observations at 235 MHz and 610 MHz with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) for all the groups, and 327 MHz and 150 MHz for a few. We present results of the recent Chandra/GMRT study of the interesting case of AWM 4, a relaxed poor cluster of galaxies with no evidence of a large cool core and no X-ray cavities associated with the central radio galaxy. Our analysis shows how joining low-frequency radio data (to track the history of AGN outbursts) with X-ray data (to determine the state of the hot gas, its disturbances, heating and cooling) can provide a unique insight into the nature of the feedback mechanism in galaxy groups.
C1 [Giacintucci, S.; O'Sullivan, E.; Vrtilek, J. M.; David, L. P.; Gitti, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Giacintucci, S.; Venturi, T.] INAF IRA, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Raychaudhury, S.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, England.
[Athreya, R.] IISER, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India.
[Gitti, M.] Univ Bologna, Dept Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
[Gitti, M.] INAF OABo, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
RP Giacintucci, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
OI Gitti, Myriam/0000-0002-0843-3009; O'Sullivan, Ewan/0000-0002-5671-6900;
Venturi, Tiziana/0000-0002-8476-6307
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0795-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1248
BP 277
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3475232
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BSA02
UT WOS:000284017700090
ER
PT S
AU Gitti, M
O'Sullivan, E
Giacintucci, S
David, L
Vrtilek, J
Raychaudhury, S
Nulsen, P
AF Gitti, M.
O'Sullivan, E.
Giacintucci, S.
David, L.
Vrtilek, J.
Raychaudhury, S.
Nulsen, P.
BE Comastri, A
Cappi, M
Angelini, L
TI AGN FEEDBACK IN GALAXY GROUPS: THE CASE OF HCG 62
SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND
FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status,
Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Bologna, ITALY
SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept
DE galaxies:clusters:general; cooling flows; intergalactic medium;
galaxies:active; X-rays:galaxies:clusters
AB As a part of an ongoing study of a sample of galaxy groups showing evidence for AGN/hot gas interaction, we report on the preliminary results of an analysis of Chandra, XMM-Newton and new GMRT data of the X-ray bright compact group HCG 62. This is one of the few groups known to possess very clear, small X-ray cavities in the inner region as shown by the existing Chandra image. At higher frequency (1.4 GHz) the cavities show minimal if any radio emission, but the radio appears clearly at lower frequencies (<= 610 MHz). We find that the radio source is radiatively inefficient, with a ratio of mechanical cavity power to radio luminosity of similar to 10(4), and that the jets have hadronic content. We also identify a shock front located around 35 kpc to the south-west of the group center. Such a shock may have significantly heated the gas close to the southern cavity, as indicated by the temperature map.
C1 [Gitti, M.] Univ Bologna, Dept Astron, Via Ranzani 1, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
[O'Sullivan, E.; Giacintucci, S.; David, L.; Vrtilek, J.; Nulsen, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[O'Sullivan, E.; Raychaudhury, S.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, West Midlands, England.
[Giacintucci, S.] INAF IRA, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
RP Gitti, M (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Dept Astron, Via Ranzani 1, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
OI Gitti, Myriam/0000-0002-0843-3009; O'Sullivan, Ewan/0000-0002-5671-6900;
Nulsen, Paul/0000-0003-0297-4493
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0795-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1248
BP 281
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3475233
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BSA02
UT WOS:000284017700091
ER
PT S
AU Castangia, P
Tilak, A
Kadler, M
Henkel, C
Greenhill, L
Tueller, J
AF Castangia, Paola
Tilak, Avanti
Kadler, Matthias
Henkel, Christian
Greenhill, Lincoln
Tueller, Jack
BE Comastri, A
Cappi, M
Angelini, L
TI X-ray vs. H2O maser emission in AGN
SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND
FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status,
Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Bologna, ITALY
SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept
ID TELESCOPE; MISSION; REGION; GALAXY; PARSEC
AB Correlations between X-ray and water maser emission in AGN have been recently reported. However, the lack of systematic studies affects the confidence level of these results. In the following, we introduce a project aimed at studying all the water maser sources believed to be associated with AGN activity through X-ray data obtained with the XRT and BAT instruments on-board the Swift satellite. Preliminary results of this work indicate a promising rate of XRT detections allowing us to refine follow-up observing strategies focused on investigating the nuclei of individual galaxies and deriving, on statistical basis, the main characteristics of water maser hosts. In addition, a cross-correlation between our sample and the BAT 22-months all-sky survey provides an exceptionally high detection rate at hard X-ray energies when compared to other AGN-related catalogs.
C1 [Castangia, Paola] INAF Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, Loc Poggio dei Pini Str 54, I-09012 Capoterra, CA, Italy.
[Tilak, Avanti; Greenhill, Lincoln] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Kadler, Matthias] Remeis-Sternwarte & ECAP, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany.
[Kadler, Matthias] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, USRA, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Henkel, Christian] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
[Tueller, Jack] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Castangia, P (reprint author), INAF Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, Loc Poggio dei Pini Str 54, I-09012 Capoterra, CA, Italy.
RI Tueller, Jack/D-5334-2012
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0795-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1248
BP 347
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3475255
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BSA02
UT WOS:000284017700111
ER
PT S
AU Harris, DE
Massaro, F
Axon, D
Baum, SA
Capetti, A
Chiaberge, M
Gilli, R
Giovannini, G
Grandi, P
Macchetto, FD
O'Dea, CP
Risaliti, G
Sparks, W
Tremblay, GR
AF Harris, D. E.
Massaro, F.
Axon, D.
Baum, S. A.
Capetti, A.
Chiaberge, M.
Gilli, R.
Giovannini, G.
Grandi, P.
Macchetto, F. D.
O'Dea, C. P.
Risaliti, G.
Sparks, W.
Tremblay, G. R.
BE Comastri, A
Cappi, M
Angelini, L
TI The Chandra 3C Snapshot Survey for Sources with z < 0.3
SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND
FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status,
Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Bologna, ITALY
SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept
DE galaxies: active; galaxies: general; galaxies: jets; radiation
mechanisms: non-thermal; radio continuum: galaxies; X-rays: general
AB We report on our Chandra Cycle 9 program to observe half of the 60 as yet unobserved 3C radio sources at z<0.3 for 8 ksec each. Here we present the X-ray analyses of the first 30 AO-9 sources. We compare these Chandra observations with VLA radio maps and HST images, to study the absorption of nuclear regions and, when possible, to investigate the emission of their extended regions as jets and hotspots.
C1 [Harris, D. E.; Massaro, F.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Axon, D.; Baum, S. A.; O'Dea, C. P.; Tremblay, G. R.] Rochester Inst Technol, Carlson Ctr Imaging Sci, Dept Phys, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
[Capetti, A.] Osserv Astron Torino, INAF, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy.
[Chiaberge, M.; Macchetto, F. D.; Sparks, W.; Tremblay, G. R.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Epping, NSW 2121, Australia.
[Chiaberge, M.; Giovannini, G.] INAF, Ist Radioastronomia Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
[Gilli, R.] INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
[Giovannini, G.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
[Grandi, P.] INAF, IASF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Risaliti, G.] Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, INAF, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
RP Harris, DE (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Gilli, Roberto/P-1110-2015; Massaro, Francesco/L-9102-2016;
OI Gilli, Roberto/0000-0001-8121-6177; Massaro,
Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850; Risaliti, Guido/0000-0002-3556-977X;
capetti, alessandro/0000-0003-3684-4275; Grandi,
Paola/0000-0003-1848-6013; Giovannini, Gabriele/0000-0003-4916-6362;
Tremblay, Grant/0000-0002-5445-5401
FU NASA [GO8-9114A]; Foundation BLANCEFLOR Boncompagni-Ludovisi
FX The work at SAO is supported by NASA grants GO8-9114A. F. Massaro
acknowledges the Foundation BLANCEFLOR Boncompagni-Ludovisi, nee Bildt
for the grant awarded him in 2009.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0795-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1248
BP 471
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3475305
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BSA02
UT WOS:000284017700156
ER
PT S
AU Massaro, E
Chiaberge, M
Grandi, P
Giovannini, G
O'Dea, CP
Macchetto, FD
Baum, SA
Gilli, R
Capetti, A
Bonafede, A
Liuzzo, E
AF Massaro, E.
Chiaberge, M.
Grandi, P.
Giovannini, G.
O'Dea, C. P.
Macchetto, F. D.
Baum, S. A.
Gilli, R.
Capetti, A.
Bonafede, A.
Liuzzo, E.
BE Comastri, A
Cappi, M
Angelini, L
TI Extended X-ray emission in radio galaxies: 3C 305
SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND
FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status,
Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Bologna, ITALY
SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept
DE galaxies: active; galaxies: general; galaxies: jets; radiation
mechanisms: non-thermal; radio continuum: galaxies; X-rays: general
AB Here we present the first case of a Compact Steep Spectrum (CSS) radio galaxy, 3C 305, in which the X-ray radiation appears to be associated with the optical emission line region, marked by the [O III]5007. On the basis of a morphological study, performed using the comparison between the X-rays (Chandra), the optical (HST) and the radio (VLA) data, we argue that the high energy emission has a thermal nature. Finally, we discuss the origin of the extended X-ray structure connected with the optical emission line region following two different interpretations: as due to the interaction between matter outflows and shock-heated environment gas, or as due to gas photoionized by nuclear emission.
C1 [Massaro, E.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Chiaberge, M.; Macchetto, F. D.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Chiaberge, M.] Ist Radioastronomia Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Grandi, P.] INAF, IASF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Giovannini, G.; Bonafede, A.] INAF, Ist Radioastronomia Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Giovannini, G.; Bonafede, A.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
[O'Dea, C. P.] Rochester Inst Technol, Carlson Ctr Imaging ScI, Dept Phys, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
[Gilli, R.] INAF, Osservat Astron Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
[Capetti, A.] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy.
RP Massaro, E (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Gilli, Roberto/P-1110-2015; Massaro, Francesco/L-9102-2016;
OI Gilli, Roberto/0000-0001-8121-6177; Massaro,
Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850; capetti, alessandro/0000-0003-3684-4275;
Grandi, Paola/0000-0003-1848-6013; Giovannini,
Gabriele/0000-0003-4916-6362
FU NASA [GO8-9114A]; Foundation BLANCEFLOR Boncompagni-Ludovisi
FX The work at SAO is supported by NASA grants GO8-9114A. F. Massaro
acknowledges the Foundation BLANCEFLOR Boncompagni-Ludovisi, nee Bildt
for the grant awarded him in 2009.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0795-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1248
BP 473
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3475306
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BSA02
UT WOS:000284017700157
ER
PT S
AU Massaro, F
Cheung, CC
Harris, DE
AF Massaro, F.
Cheung, C. C.
Harris, D. E.
BE Comastri, A
Cappi, M
Angelini, L
TI XJET: X-RAY EMISSION FROM EXTRAGALACTIC RADIO JETS
SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND
FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status,
Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Bologna, ITALY
SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept
DE galaxies: active; galaxies: general; galaxies: jets; radiation
mechanisms: non-thermal; radio continuum: galaxies; X-rays: general
AB For several years we have been collecting basic parameters for extragalactic jets detected in the X-rays. There are now about 90 sources for which X-ray detections of knots and/or hotspots have been published. In 2009 we have been adding a suite of FITS files for each source consisting of Chandra flux maps in 3 X-ray energy bands. We also provide the radio map used for registration. We show how users can obtain X-ray flux values for any region in the images and give some basic statistics of the sample.
C1 [Massaro, F.; Harris, D. E.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Massaro, F (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Massaro, Francesco/L-9102-2016
OI Massaro, Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0795-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1248
BP 475
EP 476
DI 10.1063/1.3475307
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BSA02
UT WOS:000284017700158
ER
PT S
AU Nucita, AA
Guainazzi, M
Longinotti, AL
Risaliti, G
Santos-Lleo, M
Bianchi, S
AF Nucita, A. A.
Guainazzi, M.
Longinotti, A. L.
Risaliti, G.
Santos-Lleo, M.
Bianchi, S.
BE Comastri, A
Cappi, M
Angelini, L
TI High resolution spectroscopy as a tool to study line emitting material
in AGNs
SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND
FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status,
Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Bologna, ITALY
SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept
DE X-ray spectroscopy; Active Galactic Nuclei; Individual: Mrk 335, NGC
4051, NGC 1365
ID SEYFERT-1 GALAXY MRK-335; FLUX STATE; NGC-4051
AB High resolution spectroscopy is acquiring increasing importance in the study of AGNs. We discuss the results on three Seyfert galaxies (Mrk 335, NGC 4051, and NGC 1365).
C1 [Nucita, A. A.; Guainazzi, M.; Santos-Lleo, M.] ESA, ESAC, XMM Newton Sci Operat Ctr, POB 78, Madrid 28691, Spain.
[Longinotti, A. L.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Risaliti, G.] Harvard Univ, Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Risaliti, G.] INAF, Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
[Bianchi, S.] Univ Rome Tre, Dipartimento Fis, I-00146 Rome, Italy.
RP Nucita, AA (reprint author), ESA, ESAC, XMM Newton Sci Operat Ctr, POB 78, Madrid 28691, Spain.
RI Bianchi, Stefano/B-4804-2010;
OI Bianchi, Stefano/0000-0002-4622-4240; Risaliti,
Guido/0000-0002-3556-977X
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0795-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1248
BP 485
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3475312
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BSA02
UT WOS:000284017700163
ER
PT S
AU Wang, JF
Fabbiano, G
Elvis, M
Risaliti, G
Karovska, M
Zezas, A
Mazzarella, JM
Lord, S
Howell, JH
Mundell, CG
AF Wang, Junfeng
Fabbiano, G.
Elvis, M.
Risaliti, G.
Karovska, M.
Zezas, A.
Mazzarella, J. M.
Lord, S.
Howell, J. H.
Mundell, C. G.
BE Comastri, A
Cappi, M
Angelini, L
TI Chandra High Resolution Imaging of NGC 1365 and NGC 4151
SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND
FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status,
Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Bologna, ITALY
SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept
DE X-rays: galaxies; galaxies: individual (NGC 4151); galaxies: individual
(NGC 1365)
ID REGION
AB We present Chandra high resolution imaging of the circumnuclear regions of two nearby active galaxies, namely the starburst/AGN composite Seyfert 1.8 NGC 1365 and the archetypal Seyfert 1 NGC 4151. In NGC 1365, the X-ray morphology shows a biconical soft X-ray-emission region extending similar to 5 kpc in projection from the nucleus, coincident with the optical high-excitation outflows. Chandra HRC imaging of the NGC 4151 nucleus resolves X-ray emission from the 4 arcsec radio jet and the narrow line region (NLR) clouds. Our results demonstrate the unique power of spatially resolved spectroscopy with Chandra, and support previous claims that frequent jet-ISM interaction may explain why jets in Seyfert galaxies appear small, slow, and thermally dominated.
C1 [Wang, Junfeng; Fabbiano, G.; Elvis, M.; Risaliti, G.; Karovska, M.; Zezas, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Risaliti, G.] INAF Arcetri Observat, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
[Lord, S.; Howell, J. H.] CALTECH, IPAC, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Mundell, C. G.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Birkenhead CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England.
RP Wang, JF (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Zezas, Andreas/C-7543-2011;
OI Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X; Risaliti, Guido/0000-0002-3556-977X;
Mazzarella, Joseph/0000-0002-8204-8619
FU NASA [NAS8-39073]; AAS International Travel Grant (ITG) [G06-7102X,
GO8-9101X]
FX This work is supported by NASA Contract NAS8-39073 (CXC), Chandra GO
Grant G06-7102X and GO8-9101X. J. W. acknowledges travel support from
the AAS International Travel Grant (ITG) program.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0795-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1248
BP 519
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BSA02
UT WOS:000284017700180
ER
PT S
AU Young, MCB
AF Young, Monica C. B.
BE Comastri, A
Cappi, M
Angelini, L
TI A New Look at Optical and X-ray Emission in SDSS/XMM-Newton Quasars
SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND
FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status,
Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Bologna, ITALY
SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept
DE Quasars; Active galaxies
AB We develop a new approach to the well-studied anti-correlation between the optical-to-X-ray spectral index, alpha(ox), and the monochromatic optical luminosity, l(opt). By cross-correlating the SDSS DR5 quasar catalog with the XMM-Newton archive, we create a sample of 327 quasars with both optical and X-ray spectra, allowing alpha(ox) to be defined at arbitrary frequencies, rather than the standard 2500 angstrom and 2 keV. We find that while the choice of optical wavelength does not strongly influence the alpha(ox) - l(opt) relation, the slope of the relation flattens significantly with X-ray energy. This result suggests a change in the efficiency of X-ray photon production, where the efficiency of low energy X-ray production depends more strongly on the seed (optical/UV) photon supply.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Young, MCB (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0795-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1248
BP 521
EP 522
DI 10.1063/1.3475332
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BSA02
UT WOS:000284017700181
ER
PT S
AU Murray, S
Giacconi, R
Ptak, A
Rosati, P
Weisskopf, M
Borgani, S
Jones, C
Pareschi, G
Tozzi, P
Gilli, R
Campana, S
Paolillo, M
Tagliaferri, G
Bautz, M
Vikhlinin, A
Hickox, R
Forman, W
AF Murray, S.
Giacconi, R.
Ptak, A.
Rosati, P.
Weisskopf, M.
Borgani, S.
Jones, C.
Pareschi, G.
Tozzi, P.
Gilli, R.
Campana, S.
Paolillo, M.
Tagliaferri, G.
Bautz, M.
Vikhlinin, A.
Hickox, R.
Forman, W.
BE Comastri, A
Cappi, M
Angelini, L
TI The Wide Field X-ray Telescope Mission - A Digital Sky Survey in X-rays
SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND
FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status,
Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Bologna, ITALY
SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept
DE X-ray Surveys; Active Galactic Nuclei; Clusters; Cosmology
AB Sensitive surveys of the X-ray universe have been limited to small areas of the sky due to the intrinsically small field of view of Wolter-1 X-ray optics. High angular resolution is needed to achieve a low background per source, minimize source confusion, and distinguish point from extended objects. WFXT consists of three co-aligned wide field X-ray telescopes with a 1 degrees field of view and a less than or similar to 10 '' (goal of 5 '') angular resolution (HEW) over the full field. Total effective area at 1 keV will be > 5000 cm(-2). WFXT will perform three extragalactic surveys that will cover most of the sky to 100-1000 times the sensitivity of the ROSAT All Sky Survey, greater than or similar to 2000 deg(2) to deep Chandra or XMM-Newton sensitivity, and greater than or similar to 100 deg(2) to the deepest Chandra sensitivity. WFXT will generate a legacy X-ray dataset of a half million clusters and groups of galaxies to z approximate to 2, also characterizing the physics of the intracluster gas for a significant fraction of them, thus providing an unprecedented data set for cosmological applications; it will detect > 10(7) AGN to z > 6, again obtaining spectra for a substantial fraction, to study the growth of supermassive black holes; it will detect > 10(5) normal/starburst galaxies; and it will detect and characterize star formation regions across the Galaxy. WFXT is the only X-ray survey mission that will match, in area and sensitivity, the next generation of wide-area optical, IR and radio surveys.
C1 [Murray, S.; Jones, C.; Vikhlinin, A.; Forman, W.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Murray, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Ptak, Andrew/D-3574-2012; Paolillo, Maurizio/J-1733-2012; Gilli,
Roberto/P-1110-2015;
OI Paolillo, Maurizio/0000-0003-4210-7693; Gilli,
Roberto/0000-0001-8121-6177; Campana, Sergio/0000-0001-6278-1576;
Pareschi, Giovanni/0000-0003-3967-403X; Borgani,
Stefano/0000-0001-6151-6439; Tagliaferri, Gianpiero/0000-0003-0121-0723
FU SAO; ASI; INAF; JHU/APL; MSFC
FX This work was supported by SAO, ASI, INAF, JHU/APL, and MSFC.
NR 10
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0795-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1248
BP 549
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3475337
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BSA02
UT WOS:000284017700186
ER
PT S
AU White, NE
Parmar, A
Kunieda, H
Nandra, K
Ohashi, T
Bookbinder, J
AF White, Nicholas E.
Parmar, Arvind
Kunieda, Hideyo
Nandra, Kirpal
Ohashi, Takaya
Bookbinder, Jay
BE Comastri, A
Cappi, M
Angelini, L
TI The International X-ray Observatory
SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND
FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status,
Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Bologna, ITALY
SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept
DE Astronomical and space-research instrumentation; X-ray telescopes
AB The International X-ray Observatory (IXO) is a joint ESA-JAXA-NASA effort to address fundamental and timely questions in astrophysics: What happens close to a black hole? How did supermassive black holes grow? How does large scale structure form? What is the connection between these processes? To address these questions IXO will employ optics with 3 sq m collecting area and 5 arc sec angular resolution - 20 times more collecting area at 1 keV than any previous Xray observatory. Focal plane instruments will deliver a 100-fold increase in effective area for high-resolution spectroscopy, deep spectral imaging over a wide field of view, unprecedented polarimetric sensitivity, microsecond spectroscopic timing, and high count rate capability. The mission is being planned for launch in 2021 to an L2 orbit, with a five-year lifetime and consumables for 10 years.
C1 [White, Nicholas E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Parmar, Arvind] ESAC, E-28691 Madrid, Spain.
[Kunieda, Hideyo] Nagoya Univ, X ray Astron Grp, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan.
[Nandra, Kirpal] Imperial Coll London, Astrophys Grp, London, England.
[Ohashi, Takaya] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan.
[Bookbinder, Jay] Smithsonian Astrophys Observat, Cambridge, MA USA.
RP White, NE (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RI White, Nicholas/B-6428-2012
OI White, Nicholas/0000-0003-3853-3462
NR 13
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0795-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1248
BP 561
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3475340
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BSA02
UT WOS:000284017700188
ER
PT S
AU Sembay, S
Guainazzi, M
Plucinsky, P
Nevalainen, J
AF Sembay, S.
Guainazzi, M.
Plucinsky, P.
Nevalainen, J.
BE Comastri, A
Cappi, M
Angelini, L
TI Defining High-Energy Calibration Standards: IACHEC (International
Astronomical Consortium for High-Energy Calibration)
SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND
FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status,
Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Bologna, ITALY
SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept
DE X-ray; Gamma-ray; Instrumentaion; Calibration
AB The International Astronomical Consortium for High-Energy Calibration (IACHEC) aims to provide standards for high energy calibration and supervise cross-calibration between different Xray and Gamma-ray observatories. This goal is reached through Working Groups, involving around 40 astronomers worldwide. In these Groups, IACHEC members co-operate to define calibration standards and procedures. Their scope is primarily a practical one: a set of astronomical sources, data and results (eventually published in refereed journals) will be the outcome of a co-ordinated and standardized analysis of reference sources ("high-energy standard candles"). We briefly describe here just two of the many studies undertaken by the IACHEC; a cross-calibration analysis of 0 and Ne line fluxes from the thermal SNR 1E0102.2-7219, and at higher energies a comparison study of a sample of cluster temperatures and fluxes. A more detailed picture of the activities of the IACHEC is available via the information portal at http://web.mit.edu/iachec/.
C1 [Sembay, S.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
[Guainazzi, M.] ESA, ESAC, XMM Sci Operat Ctr, D-28080 Madrid, Spain.
[Plucinsky, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Nevalainen, J.] Observat, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
RP Sembay, S (reprint author), Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
FU IACHEC; ESA; NASA; JAXA
FX The IACHEC is a world-wide collaboration of instrument scientists funded
both at the National level and by the major space agencies, ESA, NASA
and JAXA.
NR 0
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0795-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1248
BP 593
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3475350
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BSA02
UT WOS:000284017700197
ER
PT S
AU Wright, SJ
AF Wright, S. Joseph
BE Ostfeld, RS
Schlesinger, WH
TI The future of tropical forests
SO YEAR IN ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2010
SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE above-ground biomass; atmospheric change; climate change; deforestation;
fuel wood; hunting; land-use change; protected areas; reforestation;
secondary forest; tree turnover; timber
ID USE/LAND COVER CHANGES; AMAZON RAIN-FOREST; LAND-USE CHANGE;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; PROTECTED AREAS; GLOBAL CHANGE; COSTA-RICA; PERVASIVE
ALTERATION; DROUGHT SENSITIVITY; SPECIES-DIVERSITY
AB Five anthropogenic drivers-land use change, wood extraction, hunting, atmospheric change, climate change-will largely determine the future of tropical forests. The geographic scope and intensity of these five drivers are in flux. Contemporary land use change includes deforestation (similar to 64,000 km(2) yr(-1) for the entire tropical forest biome) and natural forests regenerating on abandoned land (similar to 21,500 km(2) yr(-1) with just 29% of the biome evaluated). Commercial logging is shifting rapidly from Southeast Asia to Africa and South America, but local fuelwood consumption continues to constitute 71% of all wood production. Pantropical rates of net deforestation are declining even as secondary and logged forests increasingly replace old-growth forests. Hunters reduce frugivore, granivore and browser abundances in most forests. This alters seed dispersal, seed and seedling survival, and hence the species composition and spatial template of plant regeneration. Tropical governments have responded to these local threats by protecting 7% of all land for the strict conservation of nature a commitment that is only matched poleward of 40 degrees S and 70 degrees N. Protected status often fails to stop hunters and is impotent against atmospheric and climate change. There are increasing reports of stark changes in the structure and dynamics of protected tropical forests. Four broad classes of mechanisms might contribute to these changes. Predictions are developed to distinguish among these mechanisms.
C1 [Wright, S. Joseph] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Wright, SJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Unit 0948, APO, Miami, FL 34002 USA.
EM wrightj@si.edu
RI Wright, Stuart/M-3311-2013
OI Wright, Stuart/0000-0003-4260-5676
NR 175
TC 90
Z9 91
U1 12
U2 128
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0077-8923
BN 978-1-57331-791-7
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 2010
VL 1195
BP 1
EP 27
DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05455.x
PG 27
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Science &
Technology - Other Topics
GA BRJ37
UT WOS:000282828200001
PM 20536814
ER
PT J
AU Sonneborn, DA
AF Sonneborn, D. A.
TI Sufi Soul: The Mystic Music of Islam
SO YEARBOOK FOR TRADITIONAL MUSIC
LA English
DT TV Review, Radio Review
C1 [Sonneborn, D. A.] Smithsonian Folkways Recordings, Washington, DC 20024 USA.
[Sonneborn, D. A.] Audio Visual Committee, Soc Ethnomusicol, Bloomington, IN USA.
RP Sonneborn, DA (reprint author), Smithsonian Folkways Recordings, Washington, DC 20024 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT COUNCIL TRADITIONAL MUSIC
PI LJUBLJANA
PA UNIV LJUBLJANA, DEPT MUSICOLOGY, FACULTY ARTS, ASKERCEVA 2, LJUBLJANA,
1000, SLOVENIA
SN 0740-1558
J9 YEARB TRADIT MUSIC
JI Yearb. Tradit. Mus.
PY 2010
VL 42
BP 238
EP 239
PG 2
WC Music
SC Music
GA V40VN
UT WOS:000209506200045
ER
PT J
AU Erwin, TL
AF Erwin, Terry L.
TI Agra, arboreal beetles of Neotropical forests: pusilla group and piranha
group systematics and notes on their ways of life (Coleoptera,
Carabidae, Lebiini, Agrina)
SO ZOOKEYS
LA English
DT Article
DE Neotropics; Bolivia; Brazil; Ecuador; Peru; rainforest canopy
ID DISTRIBUTION RECORDS COLEOPTERA; TAXONOMIC SUPPLEMENT;
PLATYSCELIS-GROUP; NATURAL-HISTORY; FABRICIUS; CICINDINI; VIRGATA
AB Revisions of two new species groups of the genus Agra Fabricius are presented with the following species described as new: pusilla group - Agra cruciaria sp. n. (Brazil), Agra grace sp. n. (Ecuador, Peru), Agra max sp. n. (Brazil), Agra minasianus sp. n. (Brazil),
Agra notpusilla sp. n. (Brazil), Agra pseudopusilla sp. n. (Brazil); piranha group - Agra cc sp. n. (Peru), Agra risseri sp. n. (Bolivia, Brazil), Agra maia sp. n. (Bolivia), Agra piranha sp. n. (Ecuador); Agra tiputini sp. n. (Ecuador). Species of these two groups have adults that are the smallest in the entire genus, although this does not indicate they are closely related based on other attributes. All species are Amazonian in distribution.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Hyper Divers Grp, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Erwin, TL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Hyper Divers Grp, Dept Entomol, MRC-187,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM erwint@si.edu
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU PENSOFT PUBL
PI SOFIA
PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA
SN 1313-2989
EI 1313-2970
J9 ZOOKEYS
JI ZooKeys
PY 2010
IS 66
BP 1
EP 28
DI 10.3897/zookeys.66.606
PG 28
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 716ZO
UT WOS:000287012200001
PM 21594029
ER
PT J
AU Penev, L
Agosti, D
Georgiev, T
Catapano, T
Miller, J
Blagoderov, V
Roberts, D
Smith, VS
Brake, I
Ryrcroft, S
Scott, B
Johnson, NF
Morris, RA
Sautter, G
Chavan, V
Robertson, T
Remsen, D
Stoev, P
Parr, C
Knapp, S
Kress, WJ
Thompson, FC
Erwin, T
AF Penev, Lyubomir
Agosti, Donat
Georgiev, Teodor
Catapano, Terry
Miller, Jeremy
Blagoderov, Vladimir
Roberts, David
Smith, Vincent S.
Brake, Irina
Ryrcroft, Simon
Scott, Ben
Johnson, Norman F.
Morris, Robert A.
Sautter, Guido
Chavan, Vishwas
Robertson, Tim
Remsen, David
Stoev, Pavel
Parr, Cynthia
Knapp, Sandra
Kress, W. John
Thompson, F. Christian
Erwin, Terry
TI Semantic tagging of and semantic enhancements to systematics papers:
ZooKeys working examples
SO ZOOKEYS
LA English
DT Article
DE Semantic tagging; semantic enhancements; systematics; taxonomy
ID KIEFFER HYMENOPTERA; INTERACTIVE KEYS; GENUS; PUBLICATION;
PLATYGASTRIDAE; DISSEMINATION; REVISION; TAXONOMY; DIPTERA
AB The concept of semantic tagging and its potential for semantic enhancements to taxonomic papers is outlined and illustrated by four exemplar papers published in the present issue of ZooKeys. The four papers were created in different ways: (i) written in Microsoft Word and submitted as non-tagged manuscript (doi: 10.3897/zookeys.50.504); (ii) generated from Scratchpads and submitted as XML-tagged manuscripts (doi: 10.3897/zookeys.50.505 and doi: 10.3897/zookeys.50.506); (iii) generated from an author's database (doi: 10.3897/zookeys.50.485) and submitted as XML-tagged manuscript. XML tagging and semantic enhancements were implemented during the editorial process of ZooKeys using the Perm oft Mark Up Tool (PMT), specially designed for this purpose. The XML schema used was TaxPub, an extension to the Document Type Definitions (DTD) of the US National Library of Medicine Journal Archiving and Interchange Tag Suite (NLM). The following innovative methods of tagging, layout, publishing and disseminating the content were tested and implemented within the Zoo Keys editorial workflow: (1) highly automated, fine-grained XML tagging based on Tax Pub; (2) final XML output of the paper validated against the NLM DTD for archiving in PubMedCentral; (3) bibliographic metadata embedded in the PDF through XMP (Extensible Metadata Platform); (4) PDF uploaded after publication to the Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL); (5) taxon treatments supplied through XML to Plazi; (6) semantically enhanced HTML version of the paper encompassing numerous internal and external links and linkouts, such as: (i) vizualisation of main tag elements within the text (e.g., taxon names, taxon treatments, localities, etc.); (ii) internal cross-linking between paper sections, citations, references, tables, and figures; (iii) mapping of localities listed in the whole paper or within separate taxon treatments; (v) taxon names autotagged, dynamically mapped and linked through the Pensoft Taxon Profile (PTP) to large international database services and indexers such as Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), Barcode of Life (BOLD), Encyclopedia of Life (EOL), Zoo Bank, Wilcipedia, Wikispecies, Wikimedia, and others; (vi) Gen Bank accession numbers autotagged and linked to NCBI; (vii) external links of taxon names to references in PubMed, Google Scholar, Biodiversity Heritage Library and other sources. With the launching of the working example, Zoo Keys becomes the first taxonomic journal to provide a complete XML-based editorial, publication and dissemination workflow implemented as a routine and cost-efficient practice. It is anticipated that XML-based workflow will also soon be implemented in botany through PhytoKeys, a forthcoming partner journal of Zoo Keys. The semantic markup and enhancements are expected to greatly extend and accelerate the way taxonomic information is published, disseminated and used.
C1 [Penev, Lyubomir] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Sofia, Bulgaria.
[Penev, Lyubomir; Georgiev, Teodor] Pensoft Publishers, Sofia, Bulgaria.
[Agosti, Donat; Catapano, Terry; Morris, Robert A.; Sautter, Guido] Plazi, Bern, Switzerland.
[Blagoderov, Vladimir; Roberts, David; Smith, Vincent S.; Brake, Irina; Ryrcroft, Simon; Scott, Ben; Knapp, Sandra] Nat Hist Museum, London SW7 5BD, England.
[Johnson, Norman F.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Morris, Robert A.] Univ Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Sautter, Guido] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IPD Bohm, Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Chavan, Vishwas; Robertson, Tim; Remsen, David] Global Biodivers Informat Facil, Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Stoev, Pavel] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Sofia, Bulgaria.
[Parr, Cynthia] Encyclopedia Life, Washington, DC USA.
[Kress, W. John; Thompson, F. Christian; Erwin, Terry] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Penev, L (reprint author), Bulgarian Acad Sci, 13A Geo Milev Str, Sofia, Bulgaria.
EM info@pensoft.net
RI Knapp, Sandra/A-4856-2011; Parr, Cynthia/E-8013-2010;
OI Georgiev, Teodor/0000-0001-8558-6845; Stoev, Pavel/0000-0002-5702-5677;
Knapp, Sandra/0000-0001-7698-3945; Parr, Cynthia/0000-0002-8870-7099;
Remsen, David/0000-0003-1289-0840; Miller, Jeremy/0000-0001-8918-9775;
Smith, Vincent/0000-0001-5297-7452; Blagoderov,
Vladimir/0000-0001-8684-8421; Chavan, Vishwas/0000-0002-3425-6499;
Catapano, Terry/0000-0002-6857-0021; Johnson, Norman
F./0000-0003-1691-5187
NR 26
TC 43
Z9 46
U1 4
U2 21
PU PENSOFT PUBL
PI SOFIA
PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA
SN 1313-2989
EI 1313-2970
J9 ZOOKEYS
JI ZooKeys
PY 2010
IS 50
SI SI
BP 1
EP 16
DI 10.3897/zookeys.50.538
PG 16
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 751ZS
UT WOS:000289657500002
PM 21594113
ER
PT J
AU Mengual, X
Ghorpade, K
AF Mengual, Ximo
Ghorpade, Kumar
TI The flower fly genus Eosphaerophoria Frey (Diptera, Syrphidae)
SO ZOOKEYS
LA English
DT Article
DE Taxonomy; identification key; Syrphinae; new species; cybertaxonomy
ID ALLOGRAPTA DIPTERA; BIODIVERSITY; PHYLOGENY; TAXONOMY; ZOOKEYS
AB The flower fly genus Eosphaerophoria is revised. Eight new species are described (adornata sp. n. Mengual, bifida sp. n. Mengual, brunettii sp. n. Ghorpade, hermosa sp. n. Mengual, luteofasciata sp. n. Mengual, nigrovittata sp. n. Mengual, symmetrica sp. n. Mengual, and vietnamensis sp. n. Mengual), and an identification key is provided. Redescriptions, illustrations, synonymies, diagnoses and distributional data are given for all 11 known species of Eosphaerophoria. The new described species increase the genus' distribution, now recorded from Nepal and Sri Lanka east to New Guinea. All information data, images and drawings, as well as additional images and relevant information, are available online via the internet as an example of the utility of international standards for biodiversity informatics.
C1 [Mengual, Ximo] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Ghorpade, Kumar] Univ Agr Sci, Dept Agr Entomol, Dharwad 580005, India.
RP Mengual, X (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012,MRC-0169, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM xmengual@gmail.com
OI Mengual, Ximo/0000-0002-6185-9404
FU Smithsonian Institution; Schlinger Foundation
FX We thank the Smithsonian Institution for our Postdoctoral fellowships at
the National Museum of Natural History, as well as the Schlinger
Foundation for financial support. We are much obliged to F. Christian
Thompson for his continuous support and valuable advice during our
taxonomic careers and also for his erudite comments on working drafts of
this manuscript.
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU PENSOFT PUBL
PI SOFIA
PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA
SN 1313-2989
EI 1313-2970
J9 ZOOKEYS
JI ZooKeys
PY 2010
IS 33
BP 39
EP 80
DI 10.3897/zookeys.33.298
PG 42
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 581DG
UT WOS:000276500900004
ER
PT J
AU Pogue, MG
AF Pogue, Michael G.
TI A new species of Schinia Hubner from the southeastern United States
(Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Heliothinae)
SO ZOOKEYS
LA English
DT Article
DE Southern coastal plain; East Gulf coastal plain; sand dunes; taxonomy
AB Schinia psamathea sp. n. is described from the southern coastal plain in Georgia and the East Gulf coastal plain in Florida and Alabama in habitats associated with sandy soil or dunes. Adult males and females and their genitalia are described and illustrated. Schinia psamathea is compared to Schinia saturata (Grote).
C1 ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Pogue, MG (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,NMNH,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM michael.pogue@ars.usda.gov
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU PENSOFT PUBL
PI SOFIA
PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA
SN 1313-2989
EI 1313-2970
J9 ZOOKEYS
JI ZooKeys
PY 2010
IS 52
BP 57
EP 64
DI 10.3897/zookeys.52.476
PG 8
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 662SM
UT WOS:000282832300004
PM 21594126
ER
PT J
AU Buffington, ML
AF Buffington, Matthew L.
TI A revision of Ganaspidium Weld, 1952 (Hymenoptera, Figitidae,
Eucoilinae): new species, bionomics, and distribution
SO ZOOKEYS
LA English
DT Article
DE Eucoilinae; Liriomyza; Agromyzidae; new species; genus revision; species
revision; parasitoid
ID UTILIS HYMENOPTERA; LIRIOMYZA; AGROMYZIDAE; DIPTERA; CYNIPOIDEA; GENUS;
WATERMELON
AB The New World eucoiline genus Ganaspidium is revised. Species in this genus are parasitoids of some of the most pestiferous species of leaf-mining Agromyzidae (Diptera), including the notorious Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess). The following new species are described: Ganaspidium didionae, G. eldiablo, G. flemingi, G. kolmaci, and G. konzaensis. Ganaspidium navajoe (Miller), comb. n., is recognized as junior synonym of G. pusillae Weld (syn. n.). Ganaspidium nigrimanus (Kieffer) and G. utilis Beardsley are removed from synonymy, and together with G. hunteri (Crawford), are now in Banacuniculus Buffington. Species of Ganaspidium are recorded from a wide geographic area within North America, and several species appear to be adapted to arid environments. New distribution data, new host records, and a key to known species are provided.
C1 ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Smithsonian Inst,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC USA.
RP Buffington, ML (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Smithsonian Inst,Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 30712 MRC 168,10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC USA.
EM matt.buffington@ars.usda.gov
FU NSF [DEB9712543]
FX Thanks are given to Smithsonian Institution intern Jaime Choi and
Systematic Entomology Laboratory Museum Specialist David Adamski for
entering label data and labeling specimens; Joe Cora (Ohio State
University) assisted with data management and digital map generation.
Ricardo Hernandez (Texas A&M University (TAMU), College Station, Texas)
sent specimens of Ganaspidium pusillae for identification and allowed me
to keep them in the USNM; Robert Kula (Systematic Entomology Laboratory
(SEL), ARS/USDA) and Gregory Zolnerowich (Kansas State University)
assisted with obtaining specimens from the Konza Prairie Reserve;
Jennifer Read (Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa, Canada),
Robert Zuparko (California Academy of Science, San Francisco,
California), Doug Yanega (Entomology Research Museum, UC Riverside,
California), Ed Riley (Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas) and
Steve Heydon (Bohart Museum, UC Davis, California) lent specimens
critical to this research. Ted Buffington made the original artwork for
Ganaspidium pusillae featured in Fig. 1; Smithsonian Institution interns
Cristy Falcone and Nick Olson provided the environmental SEM image in
Fig. 4; Shelah Morita (Smithsonian Institution) assisted with Larrea
references. I also thank Robert Wharton, James Woolley, Jack Beardsley
and Joan Didion for advice and positive influences over the years.
Finally, I extend thanks to Steve Lingafelter (SEL) and Thomas Henry
(SEL), John LaPolla (Towson University, Baltimore, Maryland), Mattias
Forshage (Uppsala University), and two anonymous reviewers for
constructive and useful comments to earlier drafts of this paper.
Initial research for this project was begun under NSF PEET Grant #
DEB9712543 awarded to Robert Wharton and James Woolley (Texas A&M
University, College Station, Texas). I dedicate this paper to my late
mother, Martha Elise Buffington.
NR 29
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU PENSOFT PUBL
PI SOFIA
PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA
SN 1313-2989
EI 1313-2970
J9 ZOOKEYS
JI ZooKeys
PY 2010
IS 37
BP 81
EP 101
DI 10.3897/zookeys.37.311
PG 21
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 585FE
UT WOS:000276809100006
ER
PT J
AU Lafontaine, JD
Poole, RW
AF Lafontaine, J. Donald
Poole, Robert W.
TI Review of the New World genera of the subfamily Acontiinae (Lepidoptera,
Noctuidae)
SO ZOOKEYS
LA English
DT Review
DE Taxonomy; Acontiinae; New World; Acontia; Eusceptis; Ponometia;
Pseudalypia; Spragueia; Tarache; Trogotorna
AB The taxonomic status of the 138 species of Acontiinae are reviewed and assigned to seven genera, Ponometia Herrich-Schaffer, Tarache Hubner, Acontia Ochsenheimer, Eusceptis Hubner, Pseudalypia H. Edwards, Spragueia Grote, and Trogotorna Hampson. A key to the genera, diagnoses of the genera, species groups of Tarache, illustrations of adults and genitalia of representatives of the seven genera, and a check list of the New World species are included.
C1 [Lafontaine, J. Donald] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Canadian Natl Collect Insects Arachnids & Nematod, Biodivers Program, CEF, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada.
[Poole, Robert W.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Lafontaine, JD (reprint author), Agr & Agri Food Canada, Canadian Natl Collect Insects Arachnids & Nematod, Biodivers Program, CEF, KW Neatby Bldg, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada.
EM LafontaineD@agr.gc.ca; poole@nearctica.com
NR 11
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 6
PU PENSOFT PUBLISHERS
PI SOFIA
PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA
SN 1313-2989
J9 ZOOKEYS
JI ZooKeys
PY 2010
IS 39
SI SI
BP 137
EP 160
DI 10.3897/zookeys.39.427
PG 24
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 585FH
UT WOS:000276809400009
ER
PT J
AU Agnarsson, I
Kuntner, M
Coddington, JA
Blackledge, TA
AF Agnarsson, Ingi
Kuntner, Matjaz
Coddington, Jonathan A.
Blackledge, Todd A.
TI Shifting continents, not behaviours: independent colonization of
solitary and subsocial Anelosimus spider lineages on Madagascar
(Araneae, Theridiidae)
SO ZOOLOGICA SCRIPTA
LA English
DT Article
ID CANDY-STRIPE SPIDER; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; COLOR POLYMORPHISM;
ENOPLOGNATHA-OVATA; SOCIAL SPIDER; EVOLUTION; DISPERSAL; REVISION;
BIOGEOGRAPHY; FREQUENCIES
AB Agnarsson, I., Kuntner, M., Coddington, J. A. & Blackledge, T. A. (2010). Shifting continents, not behaviours: independent colonization of solitary, and subsocial Anelosimus spider lineages oil Madagascar (Araneae, Theridiidae). - Zoologica Scripta, 39, 75-87.
Madagascar is a biodiversity hotspot, thought to be colonized mostly via Cenozoic dispersal from Africa, followed by endemic radiation of multiple lineages. Anelosimus spiders are diverse in Madagascar, and, like their congeners in the Americas, are most diverse in wet montane forests. Most Anelosimus species are social in that the), cooperate in web building and prey capture either during a part of their life cycles (subsocial), including hitherto studied Malagasy species, or permanently (quasisocial). One Central American coastal species, Anelosimus pacificus, has secondarily switched to solitary living, and available evidence suggests that its closest relatives from S. America and Europe are likely also solitary. Here, we show that the only known coastal Anelosimus species in Madagascar and Comoros - Anelosimus decaryi and Anelosimus amelie sp. n. - are also solitary. Using it phylogenetic approach, we test two competing hypotheses: (i) that Malagasy Anelosimus ire monophyletic and thus represent a second example of reversal to solitary living in a littoral habitat or (it) that solitary, and subsocial lineages independently colonized Madagascar. We find that solitary Malagasy Anelosimus are closely related to their solitary counterparts from Europe and the Americas, while subsocial Malagasy species nest sister to Anelosimus nelsoni from S. Africa. This finding suggests that (i) the two Anelosimus lineages colonized Madagascar independently and (it) a reversal to solitary behaviour has occurred only once in Anelosimus. Thus, solitary littoral Malagasy species did not descend from Malagasy mountains, but arrived from Much further afar. African and possibly American origin of the two lineages is implied by our findings. To restore natural classification of Anelosimus, Seycellocesa Kocak & Kemal is synonymized with it.
C1 [Agnarsson, Ingi] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
[Agnarsson, Ingi; Kuntner, Matjaz] Slovenian Acad Sci & Arts, Inst Biol, Ctr Sci Res, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
[Agnarsson, Ingi; Kuntner, Matjaz; Coddington, Jonathan A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Agnarsson, Ingi; Blackledge, Todd A.] Univ Akron, Dept Biol, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Agnarsson, Ingi; Blackledge, Todd A.] Univ Akron, Integrated Biosci Program, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
RP Agnarsson, I (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, POB 23360, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
EM iagnarsson@gmail.com; kuntner@gmail.com; coddington@si.edu;
tab27@uakron.edu
FU Slovenian Research Agency [Z1-9799-0618-07]; National Science Foundation
[DEB-0516038]; European Community [MIRG-CT-2005 036536]
FX This is contribution number three resulting from the 2008 Indian Ocean
expedition, funded by the Slovenian Research Agency (grant
Z1-9799-0618-07 to I. Agnarsson, and program financing grant to M.
Kuntner) and the National Science Foundation (grant DEB-0516038 to T.
Blackledge). Additional funding came from the European Community 6th
Framework Programme (a Marie Curie International Reintegration Grant
MIRG-CT-2005 036536 to M. Kuntner). We are grateful to two anonymous
referees whose careful comments helped improve the manuscript.
NR 47
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0300-3256
EI 1463-6409
J9 ZOOL SCR
JI Zool. Scr.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 39
IS 1
BP 75
EP 87
DI 10.1111/j.1463-6409.2009.00406.x
PG 13
WC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology
SC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology
GA 541DB
UT WOS:000273392200007
ER
PT J
AU Tirelli, T
Silvestro, D
Pessani, D
Tudge, CC
AF Tirelli, Tina
Silvestro, Daniele
Pessani, Daniela
Tudge, Christopher C.
TI Description of the male reproductive system of Paguristes eremita
(Anomura, Diogenidae) and its placement in a phylogeny of diogenid
species based on spermatozoal and spermatophore ultrastructure
SO ZOOLOGISCHER ANZEIGER
LA English
DT Article
DE Hermit crab; Reproductive tract; Morphology; Ultrastructure;
Phylogenetic analysis
ID MEDITERRANEAN HERMIT-CRABS; CHIONOECETES-OPILIO; MATING-BEHAVIOR;
VAS-DEFERENS; SNOW CRAB; CLIBANARIUS-ERYTHROPUS; CARIDEA-HIPPOLYTIDAE;
FIDDLER CRABS; UCA-LACTEA; DECAPODA
AB The male gonopores, male reproductive apparatus, spermatophore and spermatozoa of the Mediterranean hermit crab Paguristes eremita are described, using interference phase microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. A correlation is made between the gonopore morphology and the different kinds of setae accompanying them, and the reproductive biology of these crabs. Each testes merges into a tubular duct made up of four zones: (1) the collecting tubule with free spermatozoa; (2) the proximal zone, where the ampulla of the spermatophores starts to be formed; (3) the medial zone, where the ampulla is completed, the stalk lengthens and the pedestal is formed; (4) the distal zone, where the mature spermatophores are stored. The sizes of the different parts of the spermatophore and of the sperm are given and their exterior morphology and ultrastructure described and compared to congeners. The morphology of the gonopore, male reproductive system, spermatophore and spermatozoa of P. eremita are species-specific, clearly distinguishing the species from the other members of the family. The available spermatozoal and spermatophore data is used to place P. eremita within a sperm phylogeny of the hermit crab family Diogenidae. (C) 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tirelli, Tina; Pessani, Daniela] Dipartimento Biol Anim & Uomo, I-10123 Turin, Italy.
[Silvestro, Daniele] Senckenberg Res Inst, Frankfurt, Germany.
[Silvestro, Daniele] Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr, Frankfurt, Germany.
[Tudge, Christopher C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Tudge, Christopher C.] American Univ, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
RP Tirelli, T (reprint author), Dipartimento Biol Anim & Uomo, Via Accademia Albertina 13, I-10123 Turin, Italy.
EM santina.tirelli@unito.it
RI Silvestro, Daniele/C-7276-2011; Biodiversity & Climate Res Ctr,
BiK-F/C-4266-2012
NR 75
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 0044-5231
J9 ZOOL ANZ
JI Zool. Anz.
PY 2010
VL 248
IS 4
BP 299
EP 312
DI 10.1016/j.jcz.2010.01.001
PG 14
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 600WV
UT WOS:000278020500006
ER
PT J
AU Vargas, S
Breedy, O
Guzman, HM
AF Vargas, Sergio
Breedy, Odalisca
Guzman, Hector M.
TI The phylogeny of Pacifigorgia (Coelenterata, Octocorallia, Gorgoniidae):
a case study of the use of continuous characters in the systematics of
the Octocorallia
SO ZOOSYSTEMA
LA English
DT Article
DE Coelenterata; Octocorallia; Gorgoniidae; Pacifigorgia; character
analysis; continuous characters; gap weighting; tropical eastern Pacific
ID SECONDARY STRUCTURES; PACIFIC PANAMA; RECONSTRUCTION; ANTHOZOA;
CNIDARIA; MITOCHONDRIAL; SEQUENCES; SUPPORT; CORALS; ITS2
AB The Octocorallia constitute a group of organisms that inhabit a wide spectrum of habitats ranging from abyssal to shallow marine environments and from tropical to polar waters. As a subclass, the group is clearly defined and the clade is considered monophyletic based on a series of morphological and molecular synapomorphies. In contrast, the systematic treatment of octocorals below the subclass level is complex given the continuous nature of many of the characters used in their taxonomy. The use of continuous characters for the deduction of phylogenies generally has been considered a philosophical and methodological challenge; within the Octocorallia it has led researchers to rearrange genera, to consider character analysis problematic, or to prefer molecular data sets, which avoid morphological characters, for the study of octocoral phylogenetic relationships. In this study, we assessed the role of continuous morphological variation on the deduction of octocoral phylogenies. Specifically, we analyzed the morphologically diverse genus Pacifigorgia Bayer, 1951 and show that continuous variation, after adequate coding, represents a valuable source of information suitable for phylogenetic inference.
C1 [Vargas, Sergio; Breedy, Odalisca] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, Museo Zool, San Jose, Costa Rica.
[Breedy, Odalisca; Guzman, Hector M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
RP Vargas, S (reprint author), Univ Munich, Mol Geo & Palaeobiol Lab, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Richard Wagner Str 10, D-80333 Munich, Germany.
EM s.vargas@lrz.uni-muenchen.de; odalisca@racsa.co.cr; guzmanh@si.edu
RI Vargas, Sergio/A-5678-2011
OI Vargas, Sergio/0000-0001-8704-1339
FU Smithsonian Institution's Seward Johnson Trust Fund for Oceanography;
Spencer Fullerton Baird Fund; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
FX We thank the following people and institutions for their generosity in
making available specimens and information used in this study: A.
Cabrinovic and S. Halsey (BMNH); G. Williams and B. Van Syoc (CAS); C.
Hickmann (CDRS); d'Hondt (MNHN); A. Johnston and Van Wallace (MCZ); S.
Cairns (USNM); E. Lazo-Wasem (YPM). We also thank R. Vargas for her
valuable comments and unconditional support during the development of
this study. The comments of two anonymous reviewers greatly improved the
manuscript, we thank them. We are grateful to C. A. Guevara and J.
Cortes for their cooperation and support in collecting samples. The
program TNT has being made available with sponsorship of the Willi
Hennig Society. This work was partially sponsored by the Smithsonian
Institution's Seward Johnson Trust Fund for Oceanography, the Spencer
Fullerton Baird Fund and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute.
NR 44
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 5
PU PUBLICATIONS SCIENTIFIQUES DU MUSEUM, PARIS
PI PARIS CEDEX 05
PA CP 39-57, RUE CUVIER, F-75231 PARIS CEDEX 05, FRANCE
SN 1280-9551
EI 1638-9387
J9 ZOOSYSTEMA
JI Zoosystema
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 1
BP 5
EP 18
DI 10.5252/z2010n1a1
PG 14
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 581BV
UT WOS:000276496900001
ER
PT J
AU Gnezdilov, VM
Bonfils, J
Aberlenc, HP
Basset, Y
AF Gnezdilov, Vladimir M.
Bonfils, Jacques
Aberlenc, Henri-Pierre
Basset, Yves
TI Review of the Neotropical genus Oronoqua Fennah, 1947 (Insecta,
Hemiptera, Issidae)
SO ZOOSYSTEMA
LA English
DT Article
DE Insecta; Hemiptera; Issidae; Issini; Oronoqua; troptical rainforest;
Guyana; French Guiana; Panama; new species
AB The genus Oronoqua Fennah, 1947 (Issidae, Issinae, Issini) is revised. A diagnosis of the genus is provided. Oronoqua detina Fen nab, 1947, previously, known from a single female specimen from Guyana, is recorded from French Guiana for the first time Male genitalia of Oronoqua deina: Fennah, 1947 ale described. Oronopua tbisca n sp is described from female specimens collected in tropical rainforests located in Panama reneguer tbsica n. sp differs from 0 deina by its lateral margins of coryphe straight in lateral view, by its clypeus with sharp median keel, by its foie wings transparent with transverse veins through all the corium, by its clavus with numerous transverse veins included between postcubitus and first anal vein inside the fork, and by its first metatarsomere with foul intermediate spines apically
C1 [Gnezdilov, Vladimir M.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Zool, St Petersburg 199034, Russia.
[Aberlenc, Henri-Pierre] Inra IRD Cirad Montpellier SupAgro, UMR CBGP, Cirad Bios, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France.
[Basset, Yves] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama.
RP Gnezdilov, VM (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Univ Skaya Nab 1, St Petersburg 199034, Russia.
RI Basset, Yves/B-6642-2014
FU SolVin-Solvay; STRI; United Nations Environment Programme; Smithsonian
Institution; European Science Foundation; Global Canopy Programme; MNHN;
Royal Society of London; Russian Foundation for Basic Research
[08-04-00134]
FX Mr Mick Webb (BMNH) drew our attention to the holotype of Oronoqua deina
Fennah, 1947 and kindly arranged its loan. Prof. Thierry Bourgoin (MNHN)
facilitated the study of Oronoqua material from French Guiana and Dr
Mike Wilson (Cardiff) helped its imaging. The IBISCA-Panama project was
funded by SolVin-Solvay, the STRI, the United Nations Environment
Programme, a Walcott endowment fund grant from the Smithsonian
Institution, the European Science Foundation and the Global Canopy
Programme, and facilitated by Pro-Natura International, Ocean Vert and
STRI Thanks to all IBISCA participants for help in the field and
collegial activities. V. M. Gnezdilov was financially supported by the
MNHN, the Royal Society of London and the Russian Foundation for Basic
Research (08-04-00134).
NR 10
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 5
PU PUBLICATIONS SCIENTIFIQUES DU MUSEUM, PARIS
PI PARIS CEDEX 05
PA CP 39-57, RUE CUVIER, F-75231 PARIS CEDEX 05, FRANCE
SN 1280-9551
J9 ZOOSYSTEMA
JI Zoosystema
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 2
BP 247
EP 257
DI 10.5252/z2010n2a3
PG 11
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 621NB
UT WOS:000279584500003
ER
PT J
AU Pittman, JV
Pan, LL
Wei, JC
Irion, FW
Liu, X
Maddy, ES
Barnet, CD
Chance, K
Gao, RS
AF Pittman, Jasna V.
Pan, Laura L.
Wei, Jennifer C.
Irion, Fredrick W.
Liu, Xiong
Maddy, Eric S.
Barnet, Christopher D.
Chance, Kelly
Gao, Ru-Shan
TI Evaluation of AIRS, IASI, and OMI ozone profile retrievals in the
extratropical tropopause region using in situ aircraft measurements
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID POTENTIAL VORTICITY; STRATOSPHERE; EXCHANGE; AEROSOL; TRENDS
AB We evaluate ozone profile retrievals from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) using in situ measurements collected on board the NSF/NCAR Gulfstream-V aircraft during the Stratosphere-Troposphere Analyses of Regional Transport 2008 (START08) experiment. The focus of this study is to examine how well the satellite retrieval products capture the ozone gradients and variability in the extratropical upper troposphere lower stratosphere (UTLS). The AIRS retrieval examined is version 5, while IASI and OMI retrievals are research products. All satellite instruments show excellent ability in capturing synoptic-scale ozone gradients associated with strong potential vorticity (PV) gradients. The positive ozone-PV correlation near the tropopause is also well represented in the satellite data in comparison to collocated aircraft measurements. During aircraft cruise legs, more than 90% of collocated satellite retrievals agree with aircraft measurements within +/- 50% for ozone mixing ratios greater than 200 ppbv. Below 200 ppbv, AIRS and IASI retrievals show significant positive biases, while OMI shows both positive and negative biases. Ozone gradients across the tropopause are well-captured, with median values within 30% (positive for AIRS and IASI, negative for OMI) and variances within +/- 50%. Ozone variability in the UTLS is captured by the satellite retrievals at the 80% level. In the presence of high clouds, however, the infrared retrievals show the largest positive biases. Despite the limited vertical information content, the high horizontal coverage and long-term data availability make these satellite data sets a valuable asset for UTLS research.
C1 [Pittman, Jasna V.; Pan, Laura L.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Wei, Jennifer C.; Maddy, Eric S.] Perot Syst Govt Serv, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA.
[Liu, Xiong] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Irion, Fredrick W.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Gao, Ru-Shan] NOAA, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Liu, Xiong; Chance, Kelly] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Barnet, Christopher D.] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Pittman, JV (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
EM pittman@ucar.edu
RI Barnet, Christopher/F-5573-2010; Maddy, Eric/G-3683-2010; Gao,
Ru-Shan/H-7455-2013; Pan, Laura/A-9296-2008; Liu, Xiong/P-7186-2014;
Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015;
OI Maddy, Eric/0000-0003-1151-339X; Pan, Laura/0000-0001-7377-2114; Liu,
Xiong/0000-0003-2939-574X; Chance, Kelly/0000-0002-7339-7577
FU National Science Foundation; AIRS
FX The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the
National Science Foundation. This work is partially supported by the
AIRS project. The authors would like to thank the reviewers for very
helpful comments that contributed to the improvement of this manuscript.
In addition, gratitude is also extended to START08 team for the aircraft
data.
NR 41
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD DEC 31
PY 2009
VL 114
AR D24109
DI 10.1029/2009JD012493
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 539LM
UT WOS:000273255900004
ER
PT J
AU Pavlovic, Z
Tscherbul, TV
Sadeghpour, HR
Groenenboom, GC
Daigarno, A
AF Pavlovic, Z.
Tscherbul, T. V.
Sadeghpour, H. R.
Groenenboom, G. C.
Daigarno, A.
TI Cold Collisions of OH((2)Pi) Molecules with He Atoms in External Fields
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID ROTATIONALLY INELASTIC-COLLISIONS; ELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENT;
LOG-DERIVATIVE METHOD; QUANTUM SCATTERING; ENERGY-TRANSFER;
NEAR-THRESHOLD; CROSS-SECTIONS; OH(X (2)PI)+AR; AB-INITIO; STATES
AB We present rigorous quantum calculations for low-temperature collisions of OH((2)Pi) molecules with He atoms in the presence of external electric and magnetic fields. We show that electric fields of less than 15 kV/cm call be used to enhance the probability for Stark relaxation in collisions of OH (F-1, J = 3/2, M = 3/2, f) molecules by 3 orders of magnitude. The inelastic cross sections display a pronounced resonance structure as a function of the electric field strength. We find that collisions of rotationally excited OH molecules become less sensitive to electric fields with increasing rotational excitation. The calculated total cross sections for He-4-OH are dominated by elastic scattering, increase monotonically with decreasing collision energy, and show no rapid variations near thresholds, at variance with recent experimental observations (Sawyer et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2008, 101, 203203).
C1 [Pavlovic, Z.; Tscherbul, T. V.; Sadeghpour, H. R.; Daigarno, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Pavlovic, Z.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Tscherbul, T. V.; Daigarno, A.] Harvard MIT Ctr Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Groenenboom, G. C.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Mol & Mat, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands.
RP Tscherbul, TV (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM tshcherb@cfa.harvard.edu
RI Tscherbul, Timur/K-3286-2014; Groenenboom, Gerrit/F-9692-2015
OI Tscherbul, Timur/0000-0001-5689-040X;
FU Chemical Science, Geoscience, and Bioscience Division of the Office of
Basic Energy Science, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy; NSF
FX We are grateful to Brian Sawyer and Kirk Madison for useful discussions.
This work was supported by the Chemical Science, Geoscience, and
Bioscience Division of the Office of Basic Energy Science, Office of
Science, U.S. Department of Energy, and NSF grants to the Harvard-MIT
Center for Ultracold Atoms and to the Institute for Theoretical Atomic,
Molecular, and Optical Physics at Harvard University and Smithsonian
Astrophysical Observatory.
NR 56
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD DEC 31
PY 2009
VL 113
IS 52
BP 14670
EP 14680
DI 10.1021/jp904512r
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 539OF
UT WOS:000273263700061
PM 19711929
ER
PT J
AU Rittenhouse, ST
Cavagnero, MJ
Greene, CH
AF Rittenhouse, Seth T.
Cavagnero, M. J.
Greene, Chris H.
TI Collective Coordinate Description of Anisotropically Trapped Degenerate
Fermi Gases
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID FESHBACH RESONANCE; CONDENSATION; SYSTEMS
AB The solution of the many-body Schrodinger equation using an adiabatic treatment of the hyperradius is generalized to treat two components of a hyperspherical vector adiabatically. This treatment has advantages in certain physical situations, such as the description of a degenerate Fermi gas or Bose-Einstein condensate in an anisotropic trapping potential. A first application to the zero-temperature anisotropic Fermi gas is compared with predictions of the Hartree-Fock method.
C1 [Rittenhouse, Seth T.; Greene, Chris H.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Rittenhouse, Seth T.; Greene, Chris H.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cavagnero, M. J.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
RP Rittenhouse, ST (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM srittenhouse@cfa.harvard.edu
RI Greene, Chris/C-3821-2011; Rittenhouse, Seth/E-7688-2011
OI Greene, Chris/0000-0002-2096-6385;
FU NSF
FX The authors Would like to thank Javier von Stecher for providing
Hartree-Fock calculations and numerous useful discussions. This work was
Supported by funding from the NSF.
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD DEC 31
PY 2009
VL 113
IS 52
BP 15016
EP 15023
DI 10.1021/jp9051006
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 539OF
UT WOS:000273263700105
PM 19899802
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, P
Bodo, E
Dalgarno, A
AF Zhang, Peng
Bodo, Enrico
Dalgarno, Alexander
TI Near Resonance Charge Exchange in Ion-Atom Collisions of Lithium
Isotopes
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID BORN-OPPENHEIMER APPROXIMATION; FROZEN RYDBERG GAS; ADIABATIC
CORRECTION; NUMEROV METHOD; DIATOMIC MOLECULES; HYDROGEN MOLECULE;
WAVE-FUNCTIONS; HARTREE-FOCK; ENERGY; STATES
AB Collisions of ions and atoms of (6)Li and (7)Li are explored theoretically over a wide range of energy from 10(-14) to 1 eV. Accurate ab initio calculations are carried Out of the Born-Oppenheimer potentials and the nonadiabatic couplings that are responsible for the near resonance charge exchange. Scattering studies show that the calculated charge exchange cross section follows Wigner's law for inelastic processes for energies below 10(-10) eV and that the zero temperature rate constant for it is 2.1 x 10(-9) cm(3) s(-1). At collision energies much larger than the isotope shift of the ionization potentials of the atoms, we show that the near resonance charge exchange process is equivalent to the resonance charge exchange with cross sections having a logarithmic dependence on energy. A comparison with the Langevin model at intermediate energies is also presented.
C1 [Zhang, Peng; Dalgarno, Alexander] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom Mol & Opt Phys ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Bodo, Enrico] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Chem, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
RP Dalgarno, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom Mol & Opt Phys ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM adalgarno@cfa.harvard.edu
RI Bodo, Enrico/F-4375-2012
FU U.S. Department of Energy; NSF; "Sapienza", University of Rome
FX P.Z. and A.D. acknowledge support from the Chemical Science, Geoscience.
and Bioscience Division of the Office of Basic Energy Science, Office of
Science, U.S. Department of Energy. E.B. acknowledges travel Support
from the Institute for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular, and Optical
Physics (ITAMP), which is funded by the NSF and the financial support of
"Sapienza", University of Rome. The computational resources were
provided by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR).
NR 57
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD DEC 31
PY 2009
VL 113
IS 52
BP 15085
EP 15091
DI 10.1021/jp905184a
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 539OF
UT WOS:000273263700113
PM 19746948
ER
PT J
AU Giraldo-Canas, D
Peterson, PM
AF Giraldo-Canas, Diego
Peterson, Paul M.
TI The genus Muhlenbergia (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae:
Muhlenbergiinae) in Colombia
SO CALDASIA
LA Spanish
DT Article
DE Aegopogon; Lycurus; Muhlenbergia; Pereilema; Chloridoideae; Poaceae;
Neotropical grasses; Flora of Colombia
ID CLASSIFICATION; GRAMINEAE; EVOLUTION
AB A taxonomic study of the Colombian species of the genus Muhlenbergia is given. The aspects related to the classification, nomenclature, and morphological variation are discussed. The genus Muhlenbergia is represented in Colombia by 14 species. The following new combinations and new names are made: Muhlenbergia bryophilus (Doll) P. M. Peterson, Muhlenbergia cenchroides (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) P. M. Peterson, Muhlenbergia pereilema P. M. Peterson, and Muhlenbergia phalaroides (Kunth) P. M Peterson. Muhlenbergia cleefii Laegaard is reduced as synonym of Muhlenbergia fastigiata (J. Presl) Henrard. Muhlenbergia beyrichiana Kunth, Muhlenbergia ciliata (Kunth) Trin., Muhlenbergia erectifolia Swallen [= Ortachne erectifolia (Swallen) Clayton], Muhlenbergia nigra Hitchc., and Muhlenbergia wallisii Mez [= Agrostopoa wallisii (Mez) P. M. Peterson, Soreng & Davidse] are excluded from this study. Keys to recognize the species that inhabit Colombia are given, as well as description of the species, synonyms, geographical distribution, morphological and ecological observations, uses, and chromosome numbers.
C1 [Giraldo-Canas, Diego] Univ Nacl Colombia, Fac Ciencias, Inst Ciencias Nat, Bogota, Colombia.
[Peterson, Paul M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Giraldo-Canas, D (reprint author), Univ Nacl Colombia, Fac Ciencias, Inst Ciencias Nat, Apartado 7495, Bogota, Colombia.
EM dagiraldoc@unal.edu.co; peterson@si.edu
NR 54
TC 3
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 1
PU INST CIENCIAS NATURALES, MUSEO HISTORIA NATURAL
PI BOGOTA
PA FAC CIENCIAS, UNIV NACIONAL COLOMBIA, APARTADO 7495, BOGOTA, 00000,
COLOMBIA
SN 0366-5232
J9 CALDASIA
JI Caldasia
PD DEC 30
PY 2009
VL 31
IS 2
BP 269
EP 302
PG 34
WC Plant Sciences; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Zoology
SC Plant Sciences; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Zoology
GA 572RJ
UT WOS:000275850200007
ER
PT J
AU Santos-Lleo, M
Schartel, N
Tananbaum, H
Tucker, W
Weisskopf, MC
AF Santos-Lleo, Maria
Schartel, Norbert
Tananbaum, Harvey
Tucker, Wallace
Weisskopf, Martin C.
TI The first decade of science with Chandra and XMM-Newton
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Review
ID X-RAY-EMISSION; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; CHARGE-EXCHANGE EMISSION;
RELAXED GALAXY CLUSTERS; DARK-MATTER PROFILE; BLACK-HOLE;
SUPERNOVA-REMNANT; GASEOUS ATMOSPHERE; HIGH-RESOLUTION; LINE EMISSION
AB NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and the ESA's X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) made their first observations ten years ago. The complementary capabilities of these observatories allow us to make high-resolution images and precisely measure the energy of cosmic X-rays. Less than 50 years after the first detection of an extrasolar X-ray source, these observatories have achieved an increase in sensitivity comparable to going from naked-eye observations to the most powerful optical telescopes over the past 400 years. We highlight some of the many discoveries made by Chandra and XMM-Newton that have transformed twenty-first century astronomy.
C1 [Weisskopf, Martin C.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Space Sci Off, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Santos-Lleo, Maria; Schartel, Norbert] European Space Agcy, XMM Newton Sci Operat Ctr, Madrid 28691, Spain.
[Tananbaum, Harvey; Tucker, Wallace] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Chandra Xray Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Weisskopf, MC (reprint author), NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Space Sci Off, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
EM martin.c.weisskopf@nasa.gov
NR 90
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 3
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
EI 1476-4687
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD DEC 24
PY 2009
VL 462
IS 7276
BP 997
EP 1004
DI 10.1038/nature08690
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 535UB
UT WOS:000272996000035
PM 20033037
ER
PT J
AU Gjershaug, JO
Lerner, HRL
Diserud, OH
AF Gjershaug, Jan O.
Lerner, Heather R. L.
Diserud, Ola H.
TI Taxonomy and distribution of the Pygmy Eagle Aquila (Hieraaetus) weiskei
(Accipitriformes: Accipitridae)
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE morphology; genetics; pennata; morphnoides; Little Eagle; New Guinea;
Moluccas
ID PHYLOGENY; AVES
AB We re-evaluated the taxonomic status of the New Guinean subspecies weiskei of the Little Eagle Aquila morphnoides and confirmed that it differs considerably from the Australian A. morphnoides in multiple morphological and plumage characters. Genetic differentiation in published mitochondrial cyt-b and ND2 sequences between the nominate subspecies and weiskei is equivalent to that found between other accipitrid taxa at the species level, as are pairwise divergences between each Little Eagle taxon and their sister species, the Booted Eagle A. pennata. The available morphological and genetic evidence thus strongly and unambiguously supports the specific distinctness of A. weiskei. We propose the English name Pygmy Eagle, as this is the world's smallest known eagle. We show that the distribution of A. weiskei includes the western part of New Guinea (Vogelkop) and the Moluccas (Halmahera, Ternate and Seram), based on our new observations.
C1 [Gjershaug, Jan O.; Diserud, Ola H.] Norwegian Inst Nat Res, N-7485 Trondheim, Norway.
[Lerner, Heather R. L.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Natl Zool Pk, Genet Lab, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
RP Gjershaug, JO (reprint author), Norwegian Inst Nat Res, Tungasletta 2, N-7485 Trondheim, Norway.
EM jan.o.gjershaug@nina.no; lernerh@si.edu; ola.diserud@nina.no
NR 43
TC 2
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD DEC 24
PY 2009
IS 2326
BP 24
EP 38
PG 15
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 535ZP
UT WOS:000273010800002
ER
PT J
AU Soreng, RJ
Gillespie, LJ
Jacobs, SWL
AF Soreng, Robert J.
Gillespie, Lynn J.
Jacobs, Surrey W. L.
TI Saxipoa and Sylvipoa - two new genera and a new classification for
Australian Poa (Poaceae: Poinae)
SO AUSTRALIAN SYSTEMATIC BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; SEQUENCE DATA; POEAE; GENUS; HOOKEROCHLOA;
GRAMINEAE; NUCLEAR
AB Two species are removed from the genus Poa in Australia on the basis of morphology and DNA and placed in new genera. One is placed in Saxipoa Soreng, L. J. Gillespie & S. W. L. Jacobs - type: S. saxicola (R.Br.) Soreng, L. J. Gillespie & S. W. L. Jacobs; and one is placed in Sylvipoa Soreng, L. J. Gillespie & S. W. L. Jacobs - type: S. queenslandica (C.E. Hubb.) Soreng, L. J. Gillespie & S. W. L. Jacobs. An infrageneric classification of Poa is proposed that places all 41 indigenous Australian species in P. subg. Poa supersect. Homalopoa sect. Brizoides. Thirty-three of these species, plus six species of New Zealand Poa, are placed in a new P. subsect. Australopoa Soreng, L. J. Gillespie & S. W. L. Jacobs. Two species are placed in P. subsect. Austrofestuca (Tzvelev) Soreng, L. J. Gillespie & S. W. L. Jacobs, one in P. subsect. Brizoides (Pilg. ex Potztal) Soreng, L. J. Gillespie & S. W. L. Jacobs, and one in P. subsect. Neuropoa (Clayton) Soreng, L. J. Gillespie & S. W. L. Jacobs.
C1 [Soreng, Robert J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Gillespie, Lynn J.] Canadian Museum Nat, Div Res, Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, Canada.
[Jacobs, Surrey W. L.] Royal Bot Gardens, Natl Herbarium, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.
RP Soreng, RJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM sorengr@si.edu
NR 46
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1030-1887
J9 AUST SYST BOT
JI Aust. Syst. Bot.
PD DEC 23
PY 2009
VL 22
IS 6
BP 401
EP 412
DI 10.1071/SB09003
PG 12
WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology
GA 534EP
UT WOS:000272879300001
ER
PT J
AU Gillespie, LJ
Soreng, RJ
Jacobs, SWL
AF Gillespie, Lynn J.
Soreng, Robert J.
Jacobs, Surrey W. L.
TI Phylogenetic relationships of Australian Poa (Poaceae: Poinae),
including molecular evidence for two new genera, Saxipoa and Sylvipoa
SO AUSTRALIAN SYSTEMATIC BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
ID RESTRICTION SITE DATA; DNA-SEQUENCES; POEAE; NUCLEAR; GENUS;
CLASSIFICATION; BIOGEOGRAPHY; HOOKEROCHLOA; GRAMINEAE; POOIDEAE
AB Phylogenetic relationships among Australian species of Poa and other subtribe Poinae genera were studied on the basis of plastid trnT-trnL-trnF and nuclear ribosomal ITS and ETS DNA sequence data. Molecular evidence is provided for two new monotypic endemic Australian genera, Sylvipoa and Saxipoa, on the basis of two species formerly included in Poa, P. queenslandica and P. saxicola, respectively. Both new genera resolved in a clade with three subtribe Poinae genera, the Australian genus Hookerochloa, the South American genus Nicoraepoa, and the arctic genus Arctagrostis. Sylvipoa and Nicoraepoa are sister taxa. Saxipoa resolved as sister to these plus Arctagrostis, but also shares DNA sequence characters with Hookerochloa, suggesting a possible hybrid origin. All other Australian Poa species studied resolved in a subclade within the P. subgenus Poa supersection Homalopoa clade, supporting their classification together in an expanded P. section Brizoides. Five New Zealand and one New Guinea species also resolved in this subclade, supporting their membership in this section. We postulate a minimum of two dispersal events into Australia, one for Poa and one for other Poinae genera, and a minimum of three into New Zealand and two into New Guinea for Poa.
C1 [Gillespie, Lynn J.] Canadian Museum Nat, Div Res, Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, Canada.
[Soreng, Robert J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Jacobs, Surrey W. L.] Royal Bot Gardens, Natl Herbarium, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.
RP Gillespie, LJ (reprint author), Canadian Museum Nat, Div Res, POB 3443,Stn D, Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, Canada.
EM lgillespie@mus-nature.ca
FU Canadian Museum of Nature
FX We gratefully acknowledge the support and assistance in the field in
Australia from Bryan Simon and Paul Peterson, and the following people
and institutions for contribution of samples: Susan Aiken, Annie
Archambault, Christian Brochmann, Pilar Catalan, Daniel Stancik,
Franciose Hennion (French Polar Institute (IPEV) Program no. 136, headed
by Marc Lebouvier), Kelvin Lloyd, Terry Macfarlane, Marina Olonova, Paul
Peterson, Sierra Stoneberg-Holt, Neville Walsh, Jun Wen, Stoney Wright,
and the USDA Plant Introduction Station of Pullman Washington; Richard
Gardner, Jeanette Keeling, Peter de Lange, Shane Wright and Ewen Cameron
at the University of Auckland (A New Zealand biodiversity database,
unpubl.) are acknowledged for their ITS sequences of New Zealand species
and voucher information. We thank Michel Paradis and Roger Bull for
assistance in sequencing and laboratory support at the Canadian Museum
of Nature; and Jeff Saarela for his helpful review of the manuscript.
The Canadian Museum of Nature is acknowledged for financial assistance
and support of L. J. G., and the Smithsonian Institution for their
continued support of R. J. S.
NR 47
TC 17
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 7
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1030-1887
J9 AUST SYST BOT
JI Aust. Syst. Bot.
PD DEC 23
PY 2009
VL 22
IS 6
BP 413
EP 436
DI 10.1071/SB09016
PG 24
WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology
GA 534EP
UT WOS:000272879300002
ER
PT J
AU Klose, SM
Welbergen, JA
Kalko, EKV
AF Klose, Stefan M.
Welbergen, Justin A.
Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.
TI Testosterone is associated with harem maintenance ability in
free-ranging grey-headed flying-foxes, Pteropus poliocephalus
SO BIOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE territoriality; androgens; fruit bat; palaeotropical
ID CHALLENGE HYPOTHESIS; MATING SUCCESS; PLASMA; PTEROPODIDAE; AGGRESSION;
CHIROPTERA; DOMINANCE; SPARROWS; STRESS
AB Males of many vertebrate species aggressively defend their reproductive interests by monopolizing females, and the 'challenge hypothesis' predicts that testosterone levels in reproductive contexts rise to facilitate males' competitive behaviours necessary for meeting social challenges. The hypothesis is successful in explaining patterns of testosterone secretion in many avian species, but remains comparatively unexplored in mammals. 'Circulating plasma testosterone levels (T)' were studied in relation to harem maintenance in grey-headed flying-foxes, Pteropus poliocephalus. In this species, harems provide mating opportunities and so a male's ability to maintain a harem is likely to correlate with his fitness. We hypothesized that if T reflect a male's ability to withstand challenges from competitors, then T should be linked to successful harem maintenance. To test this, we temporarily removed males from their territories prior to and during the short mating period, recording their harem sizes both before removal and after reintroduction. Most males successfully reclaimed their territory and a harem, but during the mating period, males with higher T had harems closer to their original size, and males with lower T suffered reduction in harem size. Our findings highlight the role of T in harem maintenance in a major mammalian taxon with complex forms of social organization.
C1 [Klose, Stefan M.; Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.] Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, D-89069 Ulm, Germany.
[Klose, Stefan M.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Welbergen, Justin A.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England.
[Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Klose, SM (reprint author), Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, Albert Einstein Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany.
EM stefan.klose@uni-ulm.de
FU Australian Government Endeavour Awards; Friedrich Ebert Foundation;
Qantas Airways; University of Queensland; Ulm University
FX S. M. K. was supported by the Australian Government Endeavour Awards,
Friedrich Ebert Foundation, Qantas Airways, University of Queensland and
Ulm University. We thank S. Berger, H. Field, A. Goldizen, D. Pinson, C.
Smith and J. Thomas for support and discussions.
NR 26
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 22
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1744-9561
EI 1744-957X
J9 BIOL LETTERS
JI Biol. Lett.
PD DEC 23
PY 2009
VL 5
IS 6
BP 758
EP 761
DI 10.1098/rsbl.2009.0563
PG 4
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 517QM
UT WOS:000271632000013
PM 19689980
ER
PT J
AU Bergen, KM
Goetz, SJ
Dubayah, RO
Henebry, GM
Hunsaker, CT
Imhoff, ML
Nelson, RF
Parker, GG
Radeloff, VC
AF Bergen, K. M.
Goetz, S. J.
Dubayah, R. O.
Henebry, G. M.
Hunsaker, C. T.
Imhoff, M. L.
Nelson, R. F.
Parker, G. G.
Radeloff, V. C.
TI Remote sensing of vegetation 3-D structure for biodiversity and habitat:
Review and implications for lidar and radar spaceborne missions
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Review
ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; SIR-C/X-SAR; FOREST STRUCTURE; TROPICAL
FORESTS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; TEMPERATE FOREST; BIRD COMMUNITIES; AIRBORNE
LIDAR; INTERFEROMETRIC RADAR; STAND STRUCTURE
AB Biodiversity and habitat face increasing pressures due to human and natural influences that alter vegetation structure. Because of the inherent difficulty of measuring forested vegetation three-dimensional (3-D) structure on the ground, this important component of biodiversity and habitat has been, until recently, largely restricted to local measurements, or at larger scales to generalizations. New lidar and radar remote sensing instruments such as those proposed for spaceborne missions will provide the capability to fill this gap. This paper reviews the state of the art for incorporatinginformation on vegetation 3-D structure into biodiversity and habitat science and management approaches, with emphasis on use of lidar and radar data. First we review relationships between vegetation 3-D structure, biodiversity and habitat, and metrics commonly used to describe those relationships. Next, we review the technical capabilities of new lidar and radar sensors and their application to biodiversity and habitat studies to date. We then define variables that have been identified as both useful and feasible to retrieve from spaceborne lidar and radar observations and provide their accuracy and precision requirements. We conclude with a brief discussion of implications for spaceborne missions and research programs. The possibility to derive vegetation 3-D measurements from spaceborne active sensors and to integrate them into science and management comes at a critical juncture for global biodiversity conservation and opens new possibilities for advanced scientific analysis of habitat and biodiversity.
C1 [Bergen, K. M.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Goetz, S. J.] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA.
[Dubayah, R. O.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Henebry, G. M.] S Dakota State Univ, Geog Informat Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Hunsaker, C. T.] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Fresno, CA 93729 USA.
[Imhoff, M. L.; Nelson, R. F.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Parker, G. G.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
[Radeloff, V. C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Bergen, KM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Dana Bldg,440 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM kbergen@umich.edu
RI Goetz, Scott/A-3393-2015; Beckley, Matthew/D-4547-2013; Radeloff,
Volker/B-6124-2016;
OI Goetz, Scott/0000-0002-6326-4308; Radeloff, Volker/0000-0001-9004-221X;
Parker, Geoffrey/0000-0001-7055-6491; Henebry,
Geoffrey/0000-0002-8999-2709
FU Diane Wickland; NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program
FX Colead authors are K. M. Bergen and S. J. Goetz; all additional
coauthors contributed equally to this paper and are listed
alphabetically. The authors extend appreciation to the many organizers
and participants in several NASA workshops on vegetation structure and
on DESDynI/ICESAT-II; to Diane Wickland, NASA Terrestrial Ecology
Program for continued support of such workshops; and to the anonymous
reviewers of this paper for their constructive comments and suggestions.
NR 115
TC 57
Z9 57
U1 8
U2 86
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-8953
EI 2169-8961
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD DEC 23
PY 2009
VL 114
AR G00E06
DI 10.1029/2008JG000883
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 536LX
UT WOS:000273047000001
ER
PT J
AU Duarte, M
Robbins, RK
AF Duarte, Marcelo
Robbins, Robert K.
TI Immature stages of Calycopis bellera (Hewitson) and C-janeirica (Felder)
(Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae, Eumaeini): Taxonomic significance
and new evidence for detritivory
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE artificial diet; chaetotaxy; life history; morphology; rearing;
systematics
ID ARTIFICIAL DIET
AB Details of egg, larval, and pupal morphology are described and illustrated for Calycopis bellera (Hewitson) and C. janeirica (Felder), with a special emphasis on larval chaetotaxy. Wild-caught Calycopis females laid eggs on dead leaves in the laboratory, and the caterpillars successfully completed development on an artificial agar diet to which no leaves were added. Males and females of the sexually dimorphic C. bellera had been previously placed in different genera or different species groups. Calycopis janeirica had been chronically misidentified (and misspelled C. jeneirica). Males and females of this species appear to be correctly associated for the first time. Whereas C. bellera has five larval instars-as reported previously for C. caulonia-C. janeirica has four. Morphological characters of the immatures of C. bellera and C. janeirica are summarized in a table and compared with those of other reared Calycopis species.
C1 [Duarte, Marcelo] Univ Sao Paulo, Museu Zool, BR-04263000 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Robbins, Robert K.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Duarte, M (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Museu Zool, Ave Nazare 481, BR-04263000 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
EM mduartes@usp.br; RobbinsR@si.edu
RI Duarte, Marcelo/K-7633-2012; Museu de Zoologia da USP,
MZ-USP/Q-2192-2016
FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)
[2002/13898-0]; Pro-Reitoria de Pesquisa/USP/Projeto 1
FX This paper is dedicated to Mirna M. Casagrande and Olaf H. H. Mielke for
their guidance, wisdom, and encouragement to the first author during his
dissertation. We are grateful to our colleague Gerardo Lamas for sharing
his nomenclatural expertise and his encyclopedic knowledge of the
disposition of type specimens. We thank Don Harvey for his continued
interest and superb comments on the morphology of immatures. We thank
Andre V. L. Freitas, John Brown, Konrad Fiedler, Robert Busby, and an
anonymous reviewer for reading and commenting on the manuscript. This
paper is part of the project "Systematics, Bionomy, and Evolution of
Neotropical Lepidoptera" supported by Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do
Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP process number 2002/13898-0). Complementary
grants were provided by the Pro-Reitoria de Pesquisa/USP/Projeto 1.
NR 42
TC 14
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 1
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD DEC 23
PY 2009
IS 2325
BP 39
EP 61
PG 23
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 535ZO
UT WOS:000273010700004
ER
PT J
AU Yasuhara, M
Hunt, G
Cronin, TM
Okahashi, H
AF Yasuhara, Moriaki
Hunt, Gene
Cronin, Thomas M.
Okahashi, Hisayo
TI Temporal latitudinal-gradient dynamics and tropical instability of
deep-sea species diversity
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE deep-sea Ostracoda; global climate change; latitudinal species diversity
gradients; macroecology; Quaternary paleoceanography
ID SUBPOLAR NORTH-ATLANTIC; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
BIODIVERSITY RESPONSE; BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA; FOOD LIMITATION; CEARA
RISE; OCEAN; PRODUCTIVITY; SCALE
AB A benthic microfaunal record from the equatorial Atlantic Ocean over the past four glacial-interglacial cycles was investigated to understand temporal dynamics of deep-sea latitudinal species diversity gradients (LSDGs). The results demonstrate unexpected instability and high amplitude fluctuations of species diversity in the tropical deep ocean that are correlated with orbital-scale oscillations in global climate: Species diversity is low during glacial and high during interglacial periods. This implies that climate severely influences deep-sea diversity, even at tropical latitudes, and that deep-sea LSDGs, while generally present for the last 36 million years, were weakened or absent during glacial periods. Temporally dynamic LSDGs and unstable tropical diversity require reconsideration of current ecological hypotheses about the generation and maintenance of biodiversity as they apply to the deep sea, and underscore the potential vulnerability and conservation importance of tropical deep-sea ecosystems.
C1 [Yasuhara, Moriaki; Hunt, Gene; Okahashi, Hisayo] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Cronin, Thomas M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Yasuhara, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM moriakiyasuhara@gmail.com
RI Hunt, Gene/B-3783-2010; Yasuhara, Moriaki/A-4986-2008
OI Hunt, Gene/0000-0001-6430-5020; Yasuhara, Moriaki/0000-0001-8501-4863
FU Smithsonian Postdoctoral Fellowship; Smithsonian Marine Science Network
Postdoctoral Fellowship; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Postdoctoral Fellowships for Research Abroad
FX We thank H. J. Dowsett, D. A. Willard, and two anonymous referees for
constructively critical reviews, J. Dyszynski for sample processing, and
W. B. Curry for ODP 925 isotope and composite data. This research used
samples provided by the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP). This
work was supported by a Smithsonian Postdoctoral Fellowship, a
Smithsonian Marine Science Network Postdoctoral Fellowship, and Japan
Society for the Promotion of Science Postdoctoral Fellowships for
Research Abroad (to M.Y.).
NR 65
TC 37
Z9 38
U1 1
U2 13
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD DEC 22
PY 2009
VL 106
IS 51
BP 21717
EP 21720
DI 10.1073/pnas.0910935106
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 535TM
UT WOS:000272994200047
PM 20018702
ER
PT J
AU Weir, JT
Bermingham, E
Schluter, D
AF Weir, Jason T.
Bermingham, Eldredge
Schluter, Dolph
TI The Great American Biotic Interchange in birds
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE land bridge; South America; biogeography; Neotropics
ID PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; SEQUENCE DATA; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS;
DISCRETE CHARACTERS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; NEOTROPICAL BIRDS; WOODCREEPERS
AVES; ANCESTOR STATES; CYTOCHROME-B; EVOLUTION
AB The sudden exchange of mammals over the land bridge between the previously isolated continents of North and South America is among the most celebrated events in the faunal history of the New World. This exchange resulted in the rapid merging of continental mammalian faunas that had evolved in almost complete isolation from each other for tens of millions of years. Yet, the wider importance of land bridge-mediated interchange to faunal mixing in other groups is poorly known because of the incompleteness of the fossil record. In particular, the ability of birds to fly may have rendered a land bridge unnecessary for faunal merging. Using molecular dating of the unique bird faunas of the two continents, we show that rates of interchange increased dramatically after land bridge completion in tropical forest-specializing groups, which rarely colonize oceanic islands and have poor dispersal abilities across water barriers, but not in groups comprised of habitat generalists. These results support the role of the land bridge in the merging of the tropical forest faunas of North and South America. In contrast to mammals, the direction of traffic across the land bridge in birds was primarily south to north. The event transformed the tropical avifauna of the New World.
C1 [Weir, Jason T.; Schluter, Dolph] Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Weir, Jason T.; Schluter, Dolph] Univ British Columbia, Biodivers Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Weir, Jason T.; Bermingham, Eldredge; Schluter, Dolph] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
[Weir, Jason T.] Univ Chicago, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Weir, JT (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, 6270 Univ Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
EM jtweir@uchicago.edu
RI Weir, Jason/A-2920-2009
FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation
FX We thank T. Price for critical discussions and reading of the
manuscript, L. Harmon for R code, O. Sanjur and I. Lovette for
logistical assistance, and M. J. Miller and A. Kirschel for donating
several tissues from eastern Panama and Nicaragua. This work was
supported by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (J. T. W and E.
B.), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (J. T.
W and D. S.), and the Canada Foundation for Innovation (D. S.).
NR 49
TC 80
Z9 80
U1 1
U2 39
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD DEC 22
PY 2009
VL 106
IS 51
BP 21737
EP 21742
DI 10.1073/pnas.0903811106
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 535TM
UT WOS:000272994200051
PM 19996168
ER
PT J
AU Wappler, T
Currano, ED
Wilf, P
Rust, J
Labandeira, CC
AF Wappler, Torsten
Currano, Ellen D.
Wilf, Peter
Rust, Jes
Labandeira, Conrad C.
TI No post-Cretaceous ecosystem depression in European forests? Rich
insect-feeding damage on diverse middle Palaeocene plants, Menat, France
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Palaeocene; Europe; herbivory; plant-insect interactions; end-Cretaceous
extinction
ID TERTIARY BOUNDARY; TROPICAL FORESTS; FOSSIL RECORD; EARLY EOCENE; LEAF;
EXTINCTION; END; ASSOCIATIONS; HERBIVORY; PATAGONIA
AB Insect herbivores are considered vulnerable to extinctions of their plant hosts. Previous studies of insect-damaged fossil leaves in the US Western Interior showed major plant and insect herbivore extinction at the Cretaceous-Palaeogene (K-T) boundary. Further, the regional plant-insect system remained depressed or ecologically unbalanced throughout the Palaeocene. Whereas Cretaceous floras had high plant and insect-feeding diversity, all Palaeocene assemblages to date had low richness of plants, insect feeding or both. Here, we use leaf fossils from the middle Palaeocene Menat site, France, which has the oldest well-preserved leaf assemblage from the Palaeocene of Europe, to test the generality of the observed Palaeocene US pattern. Surprisingly, Menat combines high floral diversity with high insect activity, making it the first observation of a 'healthy' Palaeocene plant-insect system. Furthermore, rich and abundant leaf mines across plant species indicate well-developed host specialization. The diversity and complexity of plant-insect interactions at Menat suggest that the net effects of the K-T extinction were less at this greater distance from the Chicxulub, Mexico, impact site. Along with the available data from other regions, our results show that the end-Cretaceous event did not cause a uniform, long-lasting depression of global terrestrial ecosystems. Rather, it gave rise to varying regional patterns of ecological collapse and recovery that appear to have been strongly influenced by distance from the Chicxulub structure.
C1 [Wappler, Torsten; Rust, Jes] Steinmann Inst, Div Palaeontol, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
[Currano, Ellen D.] Miami Univ, Dept Geol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA.
[Currano, Ellen D.] So Methodist Univ, Huffington Dept Earth Sci, Dallas, TX 75205 USA.
[Wilf, Peter] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Labandeira, Conrad C.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Labandeira, Conrad C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Wappler, T (reprint author), Steinmann Inst, Div Palaeontol, Nussallee 8, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
EM twappler@uni-bonn.de
RI Wappler, Torsten/D-4287-2011
OI Wappler, Torsten/0000-0003-1592-0988
FU European Community Research Infrastructure Action; German Science
Foundation [RU 665/4-1, 4-2]; American Philosophical Society; David and
Lucile Packard Foundation; NSF Graduate Research [EAR-0345910]
FX We are grateful to Carlos A. Jaramillo and two anonymous reviewers for
their insightful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. This
research received support from the SYNTHESYS Project
(http://www.synthesys.info), which is financed by European Community
Research Infrastructure Action under the Structuring the European
Research Area Program (to T.W.), and a grant from the German Science
Foundation (RU 665/4-1, 4-2, to J.R. and T.W.). Additional support was
provided by the American Philosophical Society and the David and Lucile
Packard Foundation (to P.W.) and by an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship
(to E.D.C.). We especially thank Beth Ellis and Kirk Johnson for their
untiring work on Cretaceous and Palaeogene floras in the Western
Interior, supported by NSF grant EAR-0345910, to acquire data cited
here.
NR 56
TC 50
Z9 50
U1 1
U2 19
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
EI 1471-2954
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD DEC 22
PY 2009
VL 276
IS 1677
BP 4271
EP 4277
DI 10.1098/rspb.2009.1255
PG 7
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 516YE
UT WOS:000271578700002
PM 19776074
ER
PT J
AU Smith, RJ
Longmore, S
Bonnell, I
AF Smith, Rowan J.
Longmore, Steven
Bonnell, Ian
TI The simultaneous formation of massive stars and stellar clusters
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE hydrodynamics; techniques: interferometric; stars: formation; ISM:
clouds; ISM: structure
ID ORION-NEBULA-CLUSTER; INFRARED-DARK CLOUDS; MOLECULAR CLOUDS;
PROTOSTELLAR CANDIDATES; INTERMEDIATE-MASS; TURBULENT CORES; DUST
CONTINUUM; COLUMN DENSITY; FRAGMENTATION; MILLIMETER
AB We show that massive stars and stellar clusters are formed simultaneously, the global evolution of the forming cluster is what allows the central stars to become massive. We predict that massive star-forming clumps, such as those observed in Motte et al., contract and grow in mass leading to the formation of massive stars. This occurs as mass is continually channelled from large radii on to the central protostars, which can become massive through accretion. Using smoothed particle hydrodynamic simulations of massive star-forming clumps in a giant molecular cloud, we show that clumps are initially diffuse and filamentary, and become more concentrated as they collapse. Simulated interferometry observations of our data provide an explanation as to why young massive star-forming regions show more substructure than older ones. The most massive stars in our model are found within the most bound cluster. Most of the mass accreted by the massive stars was originally distributed throughout the clump at low densities and was later funnelled to the star due to global infall. Even with radiative feedback no massive pre-stellar cores are formed. The original cores are of intermediate mass and gain their additional mass in the protostellar stage. We also find that cores which form low-mass stars exist within the volume from which the high-mass stars accrete, but are largely unaffected by this process.
C1 [Smith, Rowan J.; Bonnell, Ian] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland.
[Longmore, Steven] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Smith, RJ (reprint author), Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland.
EM rjs22@st-andrews.ac.uk
NR 47
TC 70
Z9 70
U1 1
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD DEC 21
PY 2009
VL 400
IS 4
BP 1775
EP 1784
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15621.x
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 529QK
UT WOS:000272532100010
ER
PT J
AU Narayanan, D
Cox, TJ
Hayward, CC
Younger, JD
Hernquist, L
AF Narayanan, Desika
Cox, Thomas J.
Hayward, Christopher C.
Younger, Joshua D.
Hernquist, Lars
TI The star-forming molecular gas in high-redshift Submillimetre Galaxies
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Review
DE ISM: molecules; galaxies: formation; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies:
ISM; galaxies: starburst; cosmology: theory
ID INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; CONTINUUM
RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; DEGREE EXTRAGALACTIC
SURVEY; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; GREEN-BANK-TELESCOPE; BLACK-HOLES; MAJOR
MERGERS; SMM J14011+0252
AB We present a model for the CO molecular line emission from high-redshift Submillimetre Galaxies (SMGs). By combining hydrodynamic simulations of gas-rich galaxy mergers with the polychromatic radiative transfer code, sunrise, and the 3D non-LTE molecular line radiative transfer code, turtlebeach, we show that if SMGs are typically a transient phase of major mergers, then their observed compact CO spatial extents, broad linewidths and high excitation conditions (CO spectral energy distribution) are naturally explained. In this sense, SMGs can be understood as scaled-up analogues to local ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULRIGs). We utilize these models to investigate the usage of CO as an indicator of physical conditions. We find that care must be taken when applying standard techniques. The usage of CO linewidths as a dynamical mass estimator from SMGs can possibly overestimate the true enclosed mass by a factor of similar to 1.5-2. At the same time, assumptions of line ratios of unity from CO J = 3-2 (and higher lying lines) to CO (J = 1-0) will oftentimes lead to underestimates of the inferred gas mass. We provide tests for these models by outlining predictions for experiments which are imminently feasible with the current generation of bolometer arrays and radio-wave spectrometers.
C1 [Narayanan, Desika; Cox, Thomas J.; Hayward, Christopher C.; Younger, Joshua D.; Hernquist, Lars] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Narayanan, D (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM dnarayanan@cfa.harvard.edu
RI Hayward, Christopher/I-4756-2012
OI Hayward, Christopher/0000-0003-4073-3236
FU Harvard FAS Research Computing Group; W. M. Keck Foundation; NSF
Graduate Student Research Fellowship
FX We thank Kristen Coppin, Reinhard Genzel, Thomas Greve, Laura Hainline
and Daisuke Iono for helpful discussions and comments on an earlier
draft of this paper. We are extremely grateful to Patrik Jonsson and
Brent Groves for their extensive help with sunrise. The simulations in
this paper were run on the Odyssey cluster supported by the Harvard FAS
Research Computing Group. This work was partially funded by a grant from
the W. M. Keck Foundation (TJC) and a NSF Graduate Student Research
Fellowship (CCH).
NR 110
TC 63
Z9 64
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD DEC 21
PY 2009
VL 400
IS 4
BP 1919
EP 1935
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15581.x
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 529QK
UT WOS:000272532100025
ER
PT J
AU Baron-Szabo, RC
AF Baron-Szabo, Rosemarie C.
TI Remarks on the genus Bathangia Keferstein, 1859, with the re-description
of the holotype of the type species Bathangia sessilis (Schlotheim,
1820) (Anthozoa, Scleractinia; Middle Eocene [Lutetian])
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
AB The genus Bathangia Keferstein, 1859 is a poorly known group that consists of a single species, the type species Bathangia sessilis (Schlotheim. 1820). The description by Keferstein had been the only detailed documentation of the type species, and based on Keferstein's decription, Vaughan & Wells (1943) and Wells (1956) grouped this genus with Coenocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime. Re-examination of the type material has revealed, however, that Bathangia. has rhizangiid structures and, therefore, must be excluded from the synonymy of the caryophyllid genus Coenocyathus. The purpose of the present paper is to give the description of the holotype of the type species, a short review of its history, and provide the first photographic images of the type material of Bathangia sessilis (Schlotheim, 1820).
C1 [Baron-Szabo, Rosemarie C.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Baron-Szabo, Rosemarie C.] Senckenberg Res Inst, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany.
RP Baron-Szabo, RC (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, W-329,MRC-0163, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM Rosemarie.Baron-Szabo@senckenberg.de
FU German Research Foundation (DFG) [Ba 1830/3]
FX The author is most grateful to Dennis M. Opresko (Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, Tennessee) for helpful comments on the manuscript. Many
thanks to Wolfgang Kiessling (Museum of Natural History, Humboldt
University, Berlin, Germany) who provided helpful information regarding
stratigraphic questions, and to Dieter Korn (Museum of Natural History,
Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany) for making the material
accessible. This work was supported by the German Research Foundation
(DFG) (Ba 1830/3).
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0006-324X
J9 P BIOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.
PD DEC 21
PY 2009
VL 122
IS 4
BP 393
EP 398
DI 10.2988/08-44.1
PG 6
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 540ZJ
UT WOS:000273380100001
ER
PT J
AU Olson, SL
AF Olson, Storrs L.
TI Lectotype and type locality of Turdus trichas Linnaeus, 1766 (Aves:
Parulidae: Geothlypis)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
AB Turdus trichas Linnaeus, 1766 is a composite of two species. To preserve the name as currently used for the Common Yellowthroat Geothlypis trichas, the specimen illustrated by Edwards (1758) is designated as lectotype and Charleston, South Carolina, is designated as the revised type locality.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Olson, SL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM olsons@si.edu
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0006-324X
J9 P BIOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.
PD DEC 21
PY 2009
VL 122
IS 4
BP 464
EP 465
DI 10.2988/09-17.1
PG 2
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 540ZJ
UT WOS:000273380100008
ER
PT J
AU Olson, SL
AF Olson, Storrs L.
TI A new diminutive species of shearwater of the genus Calonectris (Aves:
Procellariidae) from the Middle Miocene Calvert Formation of Chesapeake
Bay
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
ID ISLAND
AB Calonectris kurodai, new species, is described from the Middle Miocene Calvert Formation of Virginia and Maryland. This shearwater was much smaller than any living congeneric species and provides the earliest record for the genus Calonectris. A femur referred to Calonectris sp. is probably from later Miocene deposits of the Choptank Formation and was about the size of the smallest living species C. edwardsi.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Olson, SL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM olsons@si.edu
NR 31
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0006-324X
J9 P BIOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.
PD DEC 21
PY 2009
VL 122
IS 4
BP 466
EP 470
DI 10.2988/09-19.1
PG 5
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 540ZJ
UT WOS:000273380100009
ER
PT J
AU Huenemoerder, DP
Schulz, NS
Testa, P
Kesich, A
Canizares, CR
AF Huenemoerder, David P.
Schulz, Norbert S.
Testa, Paola
Kesich, Anthony
Canizares, Claude R.
TI X-RAY EMISSION AND CORONA OF THE YOUNG INTERMEDIATE-MASS BINARY theta(1)
Ori E
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE stars: coronae; stars: individual (tet01 Ori E); stars: pre-main
sequence; X-rays: stars
ID HERBIG-AE/BE STARS; T-TAURI STARS; TELESCOPE IMAGING SPECTROGRAPH;
MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; SOLAR MODEL PROBLEM; HELIUM-LIKE IONS;
HIGH-RESOLUTION; XMM-NEWTON; NEBULA-CLUSTER; AE STAR
AB theta(1) Ori E is a young, moderate mass binary system, a rarely observed case of spectral-type G-giants of about 3 solar masses, which are still collapsing toward the main sequence, where they presumably become X-ray faint. We have obtained high-resolution X-ray spectra with Chandra and find that the system is very active and similar to coronal sources, having emission typical of magnetically confined plasma. It has a broad temperature distribution with a hot component and significant high energy continuum; narrow emission lines from H-and He-like ions, as well as a range of Fe ions, and relative luminosity, Lx/Lbol = 10(-3), at the saturation limit. Density, while poorly constrained, is consistent with the low density limits, our upper limits being n(e) < 10(13) cm(-3) for Mg xi and n(e) < 10(12) cm(-3) for Ne ix. Coronal elemental abundances are sub-solar, with Ne being the highest at about 0.4 times solar. We find a possible trend in Trapezium hot plasmas toward low relative abundances of Fe, O, and Ne, which is hard to explain in terms of the dust depletion scenarios of low-mass young stars. Variability was unusually low during our observations relative to other coronally active stars. Qualitatively, the emission is similar to post-main-sequence G-stars. Coronal structures could be compact or comparable to the dimensions of the stellar radii. From comparison to X-ray emission from similar mass stars at various evolutionary epochs, we conclude that the X-rays in theta(1) Ori E are generated by a convective dynamo, present during contraction, but which will vanish during the main-sequence epoch possibly to be resurrected during post-main-sequence evolution.
C1 [Huenemoerder, David P.; Schulz, Norbert S.; Kesich, Anthony; Canizares, Claude R.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Testa, Paola] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Huenemoerder, DP (reprint author), MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 70 Vassar St, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [SV3- 73016, NAS8- 03060]
FX Support for this work was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration through the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
contract SV3- 73016 to MIT for Support of the Chandra X- Ray Center,
which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and
on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under
contract NAS8- 03060.
NR 80
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 2
BP 942
EP 953
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/942
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 528RW
UT WOS:000272465400010
ER
PT J
AU Wu, JW
Vanden Bout, PA
Evans, NJ
Dunham, MM
AF Wu, Jingwen
Vanden Bout, Paul A.
Evans, Neal J., II
Dunham, Michael M.
TI CONTINUUM OBSERVATIONS AT 350 MICRONS OF HIGH-REDSHIFT MOLECULAR
EMISSION LINE GALAXIES
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: formation; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: ISM; galaxies:
starburst; infrared: galaxies
ID SUBMILLIMETER-SELECTED GALAXIES; GRAVITATIONALLY LENSED QUASARS; DIGITAL
SKY SURVEY; MU-M OBSERVATIONS; STAR-FORMATION; INFRARED GALAXIES; CO
EMISSION; ULTRALUMINOUS GALAXIES; THERMAL EMISSION; SMM J14011+0252
AB We report observations of 15 high-redshift (z = 1-5) galaxies at 350 mu m using the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory and Submillimeter High Angular Resolution Camera II array detector. Emission was detected from eight galaxies, for which far-infrared luminosities, star formation rates (SFRs), total dust masses, and minimum source size estimates are derived. These galaxies have SFRs and star formation efficiencies comparable to other high-redshift molecular emission line galaxies. The results are used to test the idea that star formation in these galaxies occurs in a large number of basic units, the units being similar to star-forming clumps in the Milky Way. The luminosity of these extreme galaxies can be reproduced in a simple model with (0.9-30) x10(6) dense clumps, each with a luminosity of 5 x 10(5) L(circle dot), the mean value for such clumps in the Milky Way. Radiative transfer models of such clumps can provide reasonable matches to the overall spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the galaxies. They indicate that the individual clumps are quite opaque in the far-infrared. Luminosity-to-mass ratios vary over two orders of magnitude, correlating strongly with the dust temperature derived from simple fits to the SED. The gas masses derived from the dust modeling are in remarkable agreement with those from CO luminosities, suggesting that the assumptions going into both calculations are reasonable.
C1 [Wu, Jingwen; Evans, Neal J., II; Dunham, Michael M.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78731 USA.
[Wu, Jingwen] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Vanden Bout, Paul A.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
RP Wu, JW (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78731 USA.
EM jwu@cfa.harvard.edu; pvandenb@nrao.edu; nje@astro.as.utexas.edu;
mdunham@astro.as.utexas.edu
OI Vanden Bout, Paul/0000-0003-3304-3974
NR 59
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 2
BP 988
EP 999
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/988
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 528RW
UT WOS:000272465400014
ER
PT J
AU Henning, WG
O'Connell, RJ
Sasselov, DD
AF Henning, Wade G.
O'Connell, Richard J.
Sasselov, Dimitar D.
TI TIDALLY HEATED TERRESTRIAL EXOPLANETS: VISCOELASTIC RESPONSE MODELS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE celestial mechanics; planetary systems; planets and satellites: general
ID EXTRASOLAR PLANETARY SYSTEMS; SEISMIC-WAVE ATTENUATION; GALILEAN
SATELLITES; ORBITAL EVOLUTION; SHEAR MODULUS; GIANT PLANETS; THERMAL
STATE; LIQUID WATER; ICE SHELL; IO
AB Tidal friction in exoplanet systems, driven by orbits that allow for durable nonzero eccentricities at short heliocentric periods, can generate internal heating far in excess of the conditions observed in our own solar system. Secular perturbations or a notional 2: 1 resonance between a hot Earth and hot Jupiter can be used as a baseline to consider the thermal evolution of convecting bodies subject to strong viscoelastic tidal heating. We compare results first from simple models using a fixed Quality factor and Love number, and then for three different viscoelastic rheologies: the Maxwell body, the Standard Anelastic Solid (SAS), and the Burgers body. The SAS and Burgers models are shown to alter the potential for extreme tidal heating by introducing the possibility of new equilibria and multiple response peaks. We find that tidal heating tends to exceed radionuclide heating at periods below 10-30 days, and exceed insolation only below 1-2 days. Extreme cases produce enough tidal heat to initiate global-scale partial melting, and an analysis of tidal limiting mechanisms such as advective cooling for earthlike planets is discussed. To explore long-term behaviors, we map equilibria points between convective heat loss and tidal heat input as functions of eccentricity. For the periods and magnitudes discussed, we show that tidal heating, if significant, is generally detrimental to the width of habitable zones.
C1 [Henning, Wade G.; O'Connell, Richard J.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Sasselov, Dimitar D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Henning, WG (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 20 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM henning@fas.harvard.edu
FU NASA [NNG05GP17]; NSF [EAR0440017]; Origins of Life Initiative at
Harvard University
FX This work has been supported by NASA Grant NNG05GP17, NSF Grant
EAR0440017, and the Origins of Life Initiative at Harvard University. We
thank Daniel C. Fabrycky, Jack J. Lissauer, Ruth Murray- Clay, and Sarah
T. Stewart- Mukhopadhyay for many helpful reviews and comments. We
especially thank Dr. Michael Efroimsky for his uniquely careful,
detailed, and thoughtful comments on our work.
NR 105
TC 57
Z9 57
U1 0
U2 10
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 2
BP 1000
EP 1015
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/1000
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 528RW
UT WOS:000272465400015
ER
PT J
AU Baldi, A
Forman, W
Jones, C
Kraft, R
Nulsen, P
Churazov, E
David, L
Giacintucci, S
AF Baldi, A.
Forman, W.
Jones, C.
Kraft, R.
Nulsen, P.
Churazov, E.
David, L.
Giacintucci, S.
TI THE UNUSUAL X-RAY MORPHOLOGY OF NGC 4636 REVEALED BY DEEP CHANDRA
OBSERVATIONS: CAVITIES AND SHOCKS CREATED BY PAST ACTIVE GALACTIC
NUCLEUS OUTBURSTS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: individual (NGC 4636); galaxies: ISM; galaxies: nuclei;
X-rays: galaxies
ID EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; ELLIPTIC GALAXY;
NGC-4636; CLUSTERS; FEEDBACK; ASCA; GAS; ABUNDANCE; ROSAT
AB We present Chandra ACIS-I and ACIS-S observations (similar to 200 ks in total) of the X-ray luminous elliptical galaxy NGC 4636, located in the outskirts of the Virgo cluster. A soft band (0.5-2 keV) image shows the presence of a bright core in the center surrounded by an extended X-ray corona and two pronounced quasi-symmetric, 8 kpc long, arm-like features. Each of these features defines the rim of an ellipsoidal bubble. An additional bubble-like feature, whose northern rim is located similar to 2 kpc south of the northeastern arm, is detected as well. We present surface brightness and temperature profiles across the rims of the bubbles, showing that their edges are sharp and characterized by temperature jumps of about 20%-25%. Through a comparison of the observed profiles with theoretical shock models, we demonstrate that a scenario where the bubbles were produced by shocks, probably driven by energy deposited off-center by jets, is the most viable explanation to the X-ray morphology observed in the central part of NGC 4636. As a confirmation to this scenario, radio jets extending toward the bubbles and a central weak X-ray and radio source are detected and are most likely the signs of active galactic nuclei activity which was more intense in the past. A bright dense core of similar to 1 kpc radius is observed at the center of NGC 4636. A sharp decline in surface brightness from the core to the ambient gas is observed and is not accompanied by a variation in the temperature and thus could not be in thermal pressure equilibrium. However, the bright core could be a long-lived feature if the radio jets are acting as a balancing factor to thermal pressure or if the bright core is produced by steep abundance gradients.
C1 [Baldi, A.; Forman, W.; Jones, C.; Kraft, R.; Nulsen, P.; David, L.; Giacintucci, S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Churazov, E.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85740 Garching, Germany.
RP Baldi, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Churazov, Eugene/A-7783-2013;
OI Nulsen, Paul/0000-0003-0297-4493; Forman, William/0000-0002-9478-1682
NR 34
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 2
BP 1034
EP 1043
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/1034
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 528RW
UT WOS:000272465400018
ER
PT J
AU Antoniou, V
Hatzidimitriou, D
Zezas, A
Reig, P
AF Antoniou, V.
Hatzidimitriou, D.
Zezas, A.
Reig, P.
TI OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY OF 20 Be/X-RAY BINARIES IN THE SMALL MAGELLANIC
CLOUD
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: individual (Galaxy); Magellanic Clouds; stars: emission-line,
Be; X-rays: binaries
ID STAR-FORMATION CONDITIONS; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; EMISSION-LINE
PROFILES; VLT-FLAMES; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; EQUIVALENT WIDTHS; SPECTRAL
TYPES; B-STARS; SMC; METALLICITY
AB We present a large sample (20 in total) of optical spectra of Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) High-Mass X-ray Binaries obtained with the 2dF spectrograph at the Anglo-Australian Telescope. All of these sources are found to be Be/X-ray binaries (Be-XRBs), while for five sources we present original classifications. Several statistical tests on this expanded sample support previous findings for similar spectral-type distributions of Be-XRBs and Be field stars in the SMC, and of Be-XRBs in the Large Magellanic Cloud and the Milky Way, although this could be the result of small samples. On the other hand, we find that Be-XRBs follow a different distribution than Be stars in the Galaxy, also in agreement with previous studies. In addition, we find similar Be spectral-type distributions between the Magellanic Clouds samples. These results reinforce the relation between the orbital period and the equivalent width of the Ha line that holds for Be-XRBs. SMC Be stars have larger Ha equivalent widths when compared to Be-XRBs, supporting the notion of circumstellar disk truncation by the compact object.
C1 [Antoniou, V.; Hatzidimitriou, D.; Zezas, A.; Reig, P.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, GR-71003 Iraklion, Crete, Greece.
[Antoniou, V.; Zezas, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Zezas, A.; Reig, P.] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, IESL, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece.
RP Antoniou, V (reprint author), Univ Crete, Dept Phys, POB 2208, GR-71003 Iraklion, Crete, Greece.
EM vantoniou@head.cfa.harvard.edu
RI Reig, Pablo/A-1198-2014; Hatzidimitriou, Despina/A-3732-2015; Zezas,
Andreas/C-7543-2011; Antoniou, Vallia/E-3837-2013
OI Reig, Pablo/0000-0002-6446-3050; Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X;
Antoniou, Vallia/0000-0001-7539-1593
FU Foundation for Research and TechnologyHellas; NASA LTSA [NAG5- 13056,
GO2- 3117X, GO8- 9089C]
FX We thank the referee, Virginia McSwain, for useful comments which have
improved this paper. Wewould also like to thank Rob Sharp for performing
the 2dF observations during service time and Nolan Walborn for fruitful
discussions on the spectral classification. V. A. acknowledges support
from Marie Curie grant No. 39965 to the Foundation for Research and
TechnologyHellas, NASA LTSA grant NAG5- 13056, and NASA grants GO2-
3117X and GO8- 9089C. A. Z. acknowledges support by FP- 7 RERPOT grant
206469. This publicationmakes use of data products from the Two Micron
All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of
Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/
California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation.
NR 64
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 2
BP 1080
EP 1097
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/1080
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 528RW
UT WOS:000272465400022
ER
PT J
AU Luna, GJM
Montez, R
Sokoloski, JL
Mukai, K
Kastner, JH
AF Luna, G. J. M.
Montez, R.
Sokoloski, J. L.
Mukai, K.
Kastner, J. H.
TI CHANDRA DETECTION OF EXTENDED X-RAY EMISSION FROM THE RECURRENT NOVA RS
OPHIUCHI
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE binaries: symbiotic; novae, cataclysmic variables; stars: individual (RS
Ophiuchi); X-rays: binaries
ID GROUND-BASED SPECTROSCOPY; 2006 OUTBURST; INTERFEROMETRIC OBSERVATIONS;
BLAST WAVE; SPACE; SHELLS; REMNANT; JET
AB Radio, infrared, and optical observations of the 2006 eruption of the symbiotic recurrent nova RS Ophiuchi showed that the explosion produced non-spherical ejecta. Some of this ejected material was in the form of bipolar jets to the east and west of the central source. Here we describe X-ray observations taken with the Chandra X-ray Observatory one and a half years after the beginning of the outburst that reveal narrow, extended structure with a position angle of approximately 300 degrees (east of north). Although the orientation of the extended feature in the X-ray image is consistent with the readout direction of the CCD detector, extensive testing suggests that the feature is not an artifact. Assuming it is not an instrumental effect, the extended X-ray structure shows hot plasma stretching more than 1900 AU from the central binary (taking a distance of 1.6 kpc). The X-ray emission is elongated in the northwest direction-in line with the extended infrared emission and some minor features in the published radio image. It is less consistent with the orientation of the radio jets and the main bipolar optical structure. Most of the photons in the extended X-ray structure have energies of less than 0.8 keV. If the extended X-ray feature was produced when the nova explosion occurred, then its 1 ''.2 length as of 2007 August implies that it expanded at an average rate of more than 2 mas day(-1), which corresponds to a flow speed of greater than 6000 km s(-1) (days/1.6 kpc) in the plane of the sky. This expansion rate is similar to the earliest measured expansion rates for the radio jets.
C1 [Luna, G. J. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Montez, R.; Kastner, J. H.] Rochester Inst Technol, Carlson Ctr Imaging Sci 2100, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
[Sokoloski, J. L.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Mukai, K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Mukai, K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Xray Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Luna, GJM (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St MS 15, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM gluna@cfa.harvard.edu
FU NASA [GO7-8030X, GO6-7022A, NAS8-03060]
FX We thank L. Townsley, F. Bauer, E. Gotthelf, R. Edgars, and M.
McCollough for discussions about the ACIS CCDs, T. Nelson for discussion
about spectral results, and O. Chesneau for providing us a good quality
version of Figure 4 (left panel). Support for this work was provided by
NASA through Chandra awards GO7-8030X and GO6-7022A issued by the
Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the SAO for and
on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-03060.
NR 28
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 2
BP 1168
EP 1172
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/1168
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 528RW
UT WOS:000272465400029
ER
PT J
AU Juneau, S
Narayanan, DT
Moustakas, J
Shirley, YL
Bussmann, RS
Kennicutt, RC
Vanden Bout, PA
AF Juneau, S.
Narayanan, D. T.
Moustakas, J.
Shirley, Y. L.
Bussmann, R. S.
Kennicutt, R. C., Jr.
Vanden Bout, P. A.
TI ENHANCED DENSE GAS FRACTION IN ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: fundamental parameters; galaxies: ISM;
infrared: galaxies; radio lines: galaxies; submillimeter
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY;
MASS-METALLICITY RELATION; FORMATION RATE INDICATORS; SCALE GASEOUS
OUTFLOWS; II ESI SPECTRA; MOLECULAR GAS; STARBURST GALAXIES; IRAS
GALAXIES
AB We present a detailed analysis of the relation between infrared luminosity and molecular line luminosity, for a variety of molecular transitions, using a sample of 34 nearby galaxies spanning a broad range of infrared luminosities (10(10) L(circle dot) < L(IR) < 10(12.5) L circle dot()). We show that the power-law index of the relation is sensitive to the critical density of the molecular gas tracer used, and that the dominant driver in observed molecular line ratios in galaxies is the gas density. As most nearby ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) exhibit strong signatures of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in their center, we revisit previous claims questioning the reliability of HCN as a probe of the dense gas responsible for star formation in the presence of AGNs. We find that the enhanced HCN(1-0)/CO(1-0) luminosity ratio observed in ULIRGs can be successfully reproduced using numerical models with fixed chemical abundances and without AGN-induced chemistry effects. We extend this analysis to a total of 10 molecular line ratios by combining the following transitions: CO(1-0), HCO(+)(1-0), HCO(+)(3-2), HCN(1-0), and HCN(3-2). Our results suggest that AGNs reside in systems with higher dense gas fraction, and that chemistry or other effects associated with their hard radiation field may not dominate (NGC 1068 is one exception). Galaxy merger could be the underlying cause of increased dense gas fraction, and the evolutionary stage of such mergers may be another determinant of the HCN/CO luminosity ratio.
C1 [Juneau, S.; Shirley, Y. L.; Bussmann, R. S.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Dept Astron, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Narayanan, D. T.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Moustakas, J.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA.
[Moustakas, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Kennicutt, R. C., Jr.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
[Vanden Bout, P. A.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
RP Juneau, S (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Dept Astron, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM sjuneau@as.arizona.edu; dnarayanan@cfa.harvard.edu; jmoustakas@ucsd.edu;
yshirley@as.arizona.edu; rsbussmann@as.arizona.edu; robk@ast.cam.ac.uk;
pvandenb@nrao.edu
FU FQRNT; NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED); Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, California Institute of Technology; National Aeronautics and
Space Administration
FX This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database
(NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration.
NR 81
TC 62
Z9 62
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 2
BP 1217
EP 1232
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/1217
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 528RW
UT WOS:000272465400033
ER
PT J
AU Tullmann, R
Long, KS
Pannuti, TG
Winkler, PF
Plucinsky, PP
Gaetz, TJ
Williams, B
Kuntz, KD
Pietsch, W
Blair, WP
Haberl, F
Smith, RK
AF Tuellmann, Ralph
Long, Knox S.
Pannuti, Thomas G.
Winkler, P. Frank
Plucinsky, Paul P.
Gaetz, Terrance J.
Williams, Ben
Kuntz, Kip D.
Pietsch, Wolfgang
Blair, William P.
Haberl, Frank
Smith, Randall K.
TI CHANDRA ACIS SURVEY OF M33 (ChASeM33): THE ENIGMATIC X-RAY EMISSION FROM
IC131
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: individual (M33); H II regions; ISM: bubbles; X-rays:
individual (IC131); X-rays: ISM
ID RADIO-CONTINUUM SURVEY; LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; XMM-NEWTON SURVEY; H-II
REGIONS; STAR-FORMATION; NONTHERMAL EMISSION; SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS;
ENERGY-CRISIS; COSMIC-RAYS; GALAXY M33
AB We present the first X-ray analysis of the diffuse hot ionized gas and the point sources in IC131, after NGC604 the second most X-ray luminous giant H II region (GHR) in M33. The X-ray emission is detected only in the south eastern part of IC131 (named IC131-se) and is limited to an elliptical region of similar to 200 pc in extent. This region appears to be confined toward the west by a hemispherical shell of warm ionized gas and only fills about half that volume. Although the corresponding X-ray spectrum has 1215 counts, it cannot conclusively be told whether the extended X-ray emission is thermal, non-thermal, or a combination of both. A thermal plasma model of kT(e) = 4.3 keV or a single power law of Gamma similar or equal to 2.1 fit the spectrum equally well. If the spectrum is purely thermal (non-thermal), the total unabsorbed X-ray luminosity in the 0.35-8 keV energy band amounts to L-X = 6.8 (8.7) x 10(35) erg s(-1). Among other known H II regions IC131-se seems to be extreme regarding the combination of its large extent of the X-ray plasma, the lack of massive O stars, its unusually high electron temperature (if thermal), and the large fraction of L-X emitted above 2 keV (similar to 40%-53%). A thermal plasma of similar to 4 keV poses serious challenges to theoretical models, as it is not clear how high electron temperatures can be produced in H II regions in view of mass-proportional and collisionless heating. If the gas is non-thermal or has non-thermal contributions, synchrotron emission would clearly dominate over inverse Compton emission. It is not clear if the same mechanisms which create non-thermal X-rays or accelerate cosmic rays in supernova remnants can be applied to much larger scales of 200 pc. In both cases the existing theoretical models for GHRs and superbubbles do not explain the hardness and extent of the X-ray emission in IC131-se. We also detect a variable source candidate in IC131. It seems that this object (CXO J013315.10+304453.0) is a high mass X-ray binary whose optical counterpart is a B2-type star with a mass of similar to 9 M-circle dot.
C1 [Tuellmann, Ralph; Plucinsky, Paul P.; Gaetz, Terrance J.; Smith, Randall K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Long, Knox S.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Pannuti, Thomas G.] Morehead State Univ, Ctr Space Sci, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Morehead, KY 40351 USA.
[Winkler, P. Frank] Middlebury Coll, Dept Phys, Middlebury, VT 05753 USA.
[Williams, Ben] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Kuntz, Kip D.; Blair, William P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Kuntz, Kip D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Pietsch, Wolfgang; Haberl, Frank] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
RP Tullmann, R (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
OI Haberl, Frank/0000-0002-0107-5237
FU NASA [GO6-7073, G06-7073C, NAS8-03060]
FX This work has made use of SAOImage DS9 (Joye & Mandel 2003), developed
by the SAO, the FUNTOOLS utilities, and the HEASARCF TOOLS package. We
thank the anonymous referee for useful comments which helped to improve
the paper. R. T. acknowledges support under NASA Chandra award no.
GO6-7073. A. P. F. W. acknowledges support through G06-7073C. T.J.G. and
P. P. P. acknowledge support under NASA contract NAS8-03060.
NR 68
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 2
BP 1361
EP 1371
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/1361
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 528RW
UT WOS:000272465400041
ER
PT J
AU Caputi, KI
Lilly, SJ
Aussel, H
Le Floc'h, E
Sanders, D
Maier, C
Frayer, D
Carollo, CM
Contini, T
Kneib, JP
Le Fevre, O
Mainieri, V
Renzini, A
Scodeggio, M
Scoville, N
Zamorani, G
Bardelli, S
Bolzonella, M
Bongiorno, A
Coppa, G
Cucciati, O
de la Torre, S
de Ravel, L
Franzetti, P
Garilli, B
Ilbert, O
Iovino, A
Kampczyk, P
Kartaltepe, J
Knobel, C
Kovac, K
Lamareille, F
Le Borgne, JF
Le Brun, V
Mignoli, M
Peng, Y
Perez-Montero, E
Ricciardelli, E
Salvato, M
Silverman, J
Surace, J
Tanaka, M
Tasca, L
Tresse, L
Vergani, D
Zucca, E
Abbas, U
Bottini, D
Capak, P
Cappi, A
Cassata, P
Cimatti, A
Elvis, M
Hasinger, G
Koekemoer, AM
Leauthaud, A
Maccagni, D
Marinoni, C
McCracken, H
Memeo, P
Meneux, B
Oesch, P
Pello, R
Porciani, C
Pozzetti, L
Scaramella, R
Scarlata, C
Schiminovich, D
Taniguchi, Y
Zamojski, M
AF Caputi, K. I.
Lilly, S. J.
Aussel, H.
Le Floc'h, E.
Sanders, D.
Maier, C.
Frayer, D.
Carollo, C. M.
Contini, T.
Kneib, J. -P.
Le Fevre, O.
Mainieri, V.
Renzini, A.
Scodeggio, M.
Scoville, N.
Zamorani, G.
Bardelli, S.
Bolzonella, M.
Bongiorno, A.
Coppa, G.
Cucciati, O.
de la Torre, S.
de Ravel, L.
Franzetti, P.
Garilli, B.
Ilbert, O.
Iovino, A.
Kampczyk, P.
Kartaltepe, J.
Knobel, C.
Kovac, K.
Lamareille, F.
Le Borgne, J. -F.
Le Brun, V.
Mignoli, M.
Peng, Y.
Perez-Montero, E.
Ricciardelli, E.
Salvato, M.
Silverman, J.
Surace, J.
Tanaka, M.
Tasca, L.
Tresse, L.
Vergani, D.
Zucca, E.
Abbas, U.
Bottini, D.
Capak, P.
Cappi, A.
Cassata, P.
Cimatti, A.
Elvis, M.
Hasinger, G.
Koekemoer, A. M.
Leauthaud, A.
Maccagni, D.
Marinoni, C.
McCracken, H.
Memeo, P.
Meneux, B.
Oesch, P.
Pello, R.
Porciani, C.
Pozzetti, L.
Scaramella, R.
Scarlata, C.
Schiminovich, D.
Taniguchi, Y.
Zamojski, M.
TI THE OPTICAL SPECTRA OF SPITZER 24 mu m GALAXIES IN THE COSMIC EVOLUTION
SURVEY FIELD. II. FAINT INFRARED SOURCES IN THE zCOSMOS-BRIGHT 10k
CATALOG
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: abundances; galaxies: active; galaxies: evolution; galaxies:
starburst; infrared: galaxies
ID MASS-METALLICITY RELATION; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; ACTIVE GALACTIC
NUCLEI; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SPACE-TELESCOPE; ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS;
STARBURST GALAXIES; REDSHIFT SURVEY; INTERSTELLAR EXTINCTION; LUMINOSITY
FUNCTION
AB We have used the zCOSMOS-bright 10k sample to identify 3244 Spitzer/MIPS 24 mu m-selected galaxies with 0.06 mJy < S-24 mu m less than or similar to 0.50 mJy and I-AB < 22.5, over 1.5 deg(2) of the COSMOS field, and studied different spectral properties, depending on redshift. At 0.2 < z < 0.3, we found that different reddening laws of common use in the literature explain the dust extinction properties of similar to 80% of our infrared (IR) sources, within the error bars. For up to 16% of objects, instead, the H alpha lambda 6563/H beta lambda 4861 ratios are too high for their IR/UV attenuations, which is probably a consequence of inhomogeneous dust distributions. In only a few of our galaxies at 0.2 < z < 0.3, the IR emission could be mainly produced by dust heated by old rather than young stars. Besides, the line ratios of similar to 22% of our galaxies suggest that they might be star-formation/nuclear-activity composite systems. At 0.5 < z < 0.7, we estimated galaxy metallicities for 301 galaxies: at least 12% of them are securely below the upper-branch mass-metallicity trend, which is consistent with the local relation. Finally, we performed a combined analysis of the H-delta equivalent width versus D-n (4000) diagram for 1722 faint and bright 24 mu m galaxies at 0.6 < z < 1.0, spanning two decades in mid-IR luminosity. We found that, while secondary bursts of star formation are necessary to explain the position of the most luminous IR galaxies in that diagram, quiescent, exponentially declining star formation histories can well reproduce the spectral properties of similar to 40% of the less luminous sources. Our results suggest a transition in the possible modes of star formation at total IR luminosities L-TIR approximate to (3 +/- 2) x 10(11) L-circle dot.
C1 [Caputi, K. I.; Lilly, S. J.; Maier, C.; Carollo, C. M.; Kampczyk, P.; Knobel, C.; Kovac, K.; Peng, Y.; Silverman, J.; Oesch, P.] ETH, Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Astron, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Aussel, H.; Le Floc'h, E.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA DSM CNRS, DAPNIA SAp, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Sanders, D.; Kartaltepe, J.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Frayer, D.; Surace, J.; Scarlata, C.; Zamojski, M.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Contini, T.; Lamareille, F.; Le Borgne, J. -F.; Pello, R.] Univ Toulouse, Lab Astrophys Toulouse Tarbes, Toulouse, France.
[Kneib, J. -P.; Le Fevre, O.; Cucciati, O.; de la Torre, S.; de Ravel, L.; Ilbert, O.; Le Brun, V.; Tasca, L.; Tresse, L.; Abbas, U.; Cassata, P.; Meneux, B.] Lab Astrophys Marseille, Marseille, France.
[Mainieri, V.; Perez-Montero, E.; Tanaka, M.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Renzini, A.; Ricciardelli, E.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Astron, I-35122 Padua, Italy.
[Scodeggio, M.; Franzetti, P.; Garilli, B.; Bottini, D.; Maccagni, D.; Memeo, P.] INAF IASF Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Zamorani, G.; Bardelli, S.; Bolzonella, M.; Coppa, G.; Mignoli, M.; Vergani, D.; Zucca, E.; Cappi, A.; Cimatti, A.; Pozzetti, L.] Osservatorio Astron Bologna, INAF, Bologna, Italy.
[Bongiorno, A.; Hasinger, G.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-37075 Garching, Germany.
[Iovino, A.] Osserv Astron Brera, INAF, I-20121 Milan, Italy.
[Elvis, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Koekemoer, A. M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Leauthaud, A.] Univ Calif, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Leauthaud, A.] Univ Calif, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Marinoni, C.] Ctr Phys Theor, Marseille, France.
[McCracken, H.] Univ Paris 06, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR 7095, CNRS, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Porciani, C.] Argelander Inst Astron, Bonn, Germany.
[Scaramella, R.] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, Monte Porzio Catone, RM, Italy.
[Schiminovich, D.] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Taniguchi, Y.] Ehime Univ, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan.
RP Caputi, KI (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ, SUPA Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland.
EM kic@roe.ac.uk
RI Pello, Roser/G-4754-2010; Le Fevre, Olivier/G-7389-2011; Kneib,
Jean-Paul/A-7919-2015; Cappi, Alberto/O-9391-2015; Zucca,
Elena/O-9396-2015; Bolzonella, Micol/O-9495-2015; Bardelli,
Sandro/O-9369-2015; Mignoli, Marco/O-9426-2015;
OI Kneib, Jean-Paul/0000-0002-4616-4989; Cappi,
Alberto/0000-0002-9200-7167; Zucca, Elena/0000-0002-5845-8132;
Bolzonella, Micol/0000-0003-3278-4607; Bardelli,
Sandro/0000-0002-8900-0298; Mignoli, Marco/0000-0002-9087-2835; Iovino,
Angela/0000-0001-6958-0304; Franzetti, Paolo/0000-0002-6986-0127;
Vergani, Daniela/0000-0003-0898-2216; Bongiorno,
Angela/0000-0002-0101-6624; bottini, dario/0000-0001-6917-041X;
Pozzetti, Lucia/0000-0001-7085-0412; Scodeggio,
Marco/0000-0002-2282-5850; Scaramella, Roberto/0000-0003-2229-193X;
Koekemoer, Anton/0000-0002-6610-2048
FU European Southern Observatory (ESO) [175.A-0839]; Jet Propulsion
Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; NASA [1407]
FX This paper is based on observations made with the VIMOS spectrograph on
the Melipal-VLT telescope, undertaken at the European Southern
Observatory (ESO) under Large Program 175.A-0839. This paper is also
based on observations made with the Spitzer Observatory, which is
operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology, under NASA contract 1407. We thank the anonymous referee for
a constructive report of this paper.
NR 98
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 2
BP 1387
EP 1403
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/1387
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 528RW
UT WOS:000272465400043
ER
PT J
AU Olmi, L
Ade, PAR
Angles-Alcazar, D
Bock, JJ
Chapin, EL
De Luca, M
Devlin, MJ
Dicker, S
Elia, D
Fazio, GG
Giannini, T
Griffin, M
Gundersen, JO
Halpern, M
Hargrave, PC
Hughes, DH
Klein, J
Lorenzetti, D
Marengo, M
Marsden, G
Martin, PG
Massi, F
Mauskopf, P
Netterfield, CB
Patanchon, G
Rex, M
Salama, A
Scott, D
Semisch, C
Smith, HA
Strafella, F
Thomas, N
Truch, MDP
Tucker, C
Tucker, GS
Viero, MP
Wiebe, DV
AF Olmi, Luca
Ade, Peter A. R.
Angles-Alcazar, Daniel
Bock, James J.
Chapin, Edward L.
De Luca, Massimo
Devlin, Mark J.
Dicker, Simon
Elia, Davide
Fazio, Giovanni G.
Giannini, Teresa
Griffin, Matthew
Gundersen, Joshua O.
Halpern, Mark
Hargrave, Peter C.
Hughes, David H.
Klein, Jeff
Lorenzetti, Dario
Marengo, Massimo
Marsden, Gaelen
Martin, Peter G.
Massi, Fabrizio
Mauskopf, Philip
Netterfield, Calvin B.
Patanchon, Guillaume
Rex, Marie
Salama, Alberto
Scott, Douglas
Semisch, Christopher
Smith, Howard A.
Strafella, Francesco
Thomas, Nicholas
Truch, Matthew D. P.
Tucker, Carole
Tucker, Gregory S.
Viero, Marco P.
Wiebe, Donald V.
TI THE BLAST SURVEY OF THE VELA MOLECULAR CLOUD: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE
DENSE CORES IN VELA-D
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE balloons; ISM: clouds; stars: formation; submillimeter
ID APERTURE-SUBMILLIMETER-TELESCOPE; CLASS-I SOURCES; 2-DIMENSIONAL
RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; ISOLATED STAR-FORMATION; PRE-STELLAR CORES; INITIAL
CONDITIONS; PROTOSTELLAR ENVELOPES; GALACTIC PLANE; LINE EMISSION; MASS
FUNCTION
AB The Balloon-borne Large-Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (BLAST) carried out a 250, 350, and 500 mu m survey of the galactic plane encompassing the Vela Molecular Ridge, with the primary goal of identifying the coldest dense cores possibly associated with the earliest stages of star formation. Here, we present the results from observations of the Vela-D region, covering about 4 deg(2), in which we find 141 BLAST cores. We exploit existing data taken with the Spitzer MIPS, IRAC, and SEST-SIMBA instruments to constrain their (single-temperature) spectral energy distributions, assuming a dust emissivity index beta = 2.0. This combination of data allows us to determine the temperature, luminosity, and mass of each BLAST core, and also enables us to separate starless from protostellar sources. We also analyze the effects that the uncertainties on the derived physical parameters of the individual sources have on the overall physical properties of starless and protostellar cores, and we find that there appear to be a smooth transition from the pre- to the protostellar phase. In particular, for protostellar cores we find a correlation between the MIPS24 flux, associated with the central protostar, and the temperature of the dust envelope. We also find that the core mass function of the Vela-D cores has a slope consistent with other similar (sub)millimeter surveys.
C1 [Olmi, Luca; Angles-Alcazar, Daniel] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Phys, UPR Stn, San Juan, PR 00936 USA.
[Olmi, Luca; Massi, Fabrizio] Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, INAF, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
[Ade, Peter A. R.; Griffin, Matthew; Hargrave, Peter C.; Mauskopf, Philip; Tucker, Carole] Cardiff Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales.
[Angles-Alcazar, Daniel] Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Bock, James J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Bock, James J.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Chapin, Edward L.; Halpern, Mark; Marsden, Gaelen; Scott, Douglas] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
[De Luca, Massimo] Observ Paris, LERMA LRA, CNRS, UMR8112, F-75231 Paris 05, France.
[De Luca, Massimo] Ecole Normale Super, F-75231 Paris 05, France.
[Devlin, Mark J.; Dicker, Simon; Klein, Jeff; Rex, Marie; Semisch, Christopher; Truch, Matthew D. P.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Elia, Davide] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, Ctr Astron & Astrofis, Observ Astron Lisboa, P-1349018 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Fazio, Giovanni G.; Marengo, Massimo; Smith, Howard A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Giannini, Teresa; Lorenzetti, Dario] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy.
[Gundersen, Joshua O.; Thomas, Nicholas] Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA.
[Hughes, David H.] INAOE, Puebla, Mexico.
[Martin, Peter G.] Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada.
[Martin, Peter G.; Netterfield, Calvin B.; Viero, Marco P.] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada.
[Netterfield, Calvin B.; Wiebe, Donald V.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada.
[Patanchon, Guillaume] Lab APC, F-75205 Paris, France.
[Salama, Alberto] European Space Astron Ctr, Madrid 28691, Spain.
[Strafella, Francesco] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Fis, I-73100 Lecce, Italy.
[Tucker, Gregory S.] Brown Univ, Dept Phys, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
RP Olmi, L (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Phys, UPR Stn, Rio Piedras Campus,Box 23343, San Juan, PR 00936 USA.
EM olmi.luca@gmail.com
RI Klein, Jeffrey/E-3295-2013;
OI Lorenzetti, Dario/0000-0001-6415-4162; Massi,
Fabrizio/0000-0001-6407-8032; Olmi, Luca/0000-0002-1162-7947; Scott,
Douglas/0000-0002-6878-9840; Elia, Davide/0000-0002-9120-5890; Giannini,
Teresa/0000-0002-0224-096X
FU NASA [NAG5-12785, NAG5-13301, NNGO-6GI11G]; NSF Office of Polar
Programs; Canadian Space Agency; Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council (NSERC) of Canada; UK Science and Technology Facilities
Council (STFC)
FX We acknowledge the support of NASA through grant numbers NAG5-12785,
NAG5-13301, and NNGO-6GI11G, the NSF Office of Polar Programs, the
Canadian Space Agency, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council (NSERC) of Canada, and the UK Science and Technology Facilities
Council (STFC). This work is also based, in part, on observations made
with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a
contract with NASA. Support for this work was provided by NASA through
an award issued by JPL/Caltech. L.O. acknowledges partial support by the
Puerto Rico Space Grant Consortium and by the Decanato de Estudios
Graduados e Investigacion of the University of Puerto Rico.
NR 59
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 11
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 2
BP 1836
EP 1851
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/1836
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 528RW
UT WOS:000272465400081
ER
PT J
AU Munoz-Jaramillo, A
Nandy, D
Martens, PCH
AF Munoz-Jaramillo, Andrez
Nandy, Dibyendu
Martens, Petrus C. H.
TI HELIOSEISMIC DATA INCLUSION IN SOLAR DYNAMO MODELS (vol 698, pg 461,
2009)
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Munoz-Jaramillo, Andrez] Montana State Univ, Dept Phys, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Nandy, Dibyendu] Indian Inst Sci Educ & Res Kolkata, Kolkata 741252, W Bengal, India.
[Martens, Petrus C. H.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Munoz-Jaramillo, A (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Phys, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM munoz@solar.physics.montana.edu; dnandi@iiserkol.ac.in;
pmartens@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Munoz-Jaramillo, Andres/0000-0002-4716-0840
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 2
BP 1852
EP 1852
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/1852
PG 1
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 528RW
UT WOS:000272465400082
ER
PT J
AU Smith, GP
Ebeling, H
Limousin, M
Kneib, JP
Swinbank, AM
Ma, CJ
Jauzac, M
Richard, J
Jullo, E
Sand, DJ
Edge, AC
Smail, I
AF Smith, Graham P.
Ebeling, Harald
Limousin, Marceau
Kneib, Jean-Paul
Swinbank, A. M.
Ma, Cheng-Jiun
Jauzac, Mathilde
Richard, Johan
Jullo, Eric
Sand, David J.
Edge, Alastair C.
Smail, Ian
TI HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS OF A SPECTACULAR NEW STRONG-LENSING
GALAXY CLUSTER: MACS J1149.5+2223 AT z=0.544
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmology: observations; galaxies: clusters: individual
(MACSJ1149.5+2233); galaxies: evolution; gravitational lensing
ID LYMAN-BREAK GALAXY; RESOLVED SPECTROSCOPY; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; LENSED
QUASAR; DISCOVERY; BRIGHT; IMAGES; CORES; MASS; DISTRIBUTIONS
AB We present Advanced Camera for Surveys observations of MACS J1149.5+2223, an X-ray luminous galaxy cluster at z = 0.544 discovered by the Massive Cluster Survey. The data reveal at least seven multiply imaged galaxies, three of which we have confirmed spectroscopically. One of these is a spectacular face-on spiral galaxy at z = 1.491, the four images of which are gravitationally magnified by 8 less than or similar to mu less than or similar to 23. We identify this as an L* (M(B) similar or equal to -20.7), disk-dominated (B/T less than or similar to 0.5) galaxy, forming stars at similar to 6 M(circle dot) yr(-1). We use a robust sample of multiply imaged galaxies to constrain a parameterized model of the cluster mass distribution. In addition to the main cluster dark matter halo and the bright cluster galaxies, our best model includes three galaxy-group-sized halos. The relative probability of this model is P(N(halo) = 4)/P (N(halo) < 4) >= 10(12) where N(halo) is the number of cluster/group-scale halos. In terms of sheer number of merging cluster/group-scale components, this is the most complex strong-lensing cluster core studied to date. The total cluster mass and fraction of that mass associated with substructures within R <= 500 kpc, are measured to be M(tot) = (6.7 +/- 0.4) x 10(14) M(circle dot) and f(sub) = 0.25 +/- 0.12, respectively. Our model also rules out recent claims of a flat density profile at greater than or similar to 7 sigma confidence, thus highlighting the critical importance of spectroscopic redshifts of multiply imaged galaxies when modeling strong-lensing clusters. Overall our results attest to the efficiency of X-ray selection in finding the most powerful cluster lenses, including complicated merging systems.
C1 [Smith, Graham P.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Ebeling, Harald; Ma, Cheng-Jiun] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Limousin, Marceau; Kneib, Jean-Paul; Jauzac, Mathilde] Univ Aix Marseille, CNRS, Lab Astrophys Marseille, F-13388 Marseille, France.
[Limousin, Marceau] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Dark Cosmol Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Swinbank, A. M.; Richard, Johan; Edge, Alastair C.; Smail, Ian] Univ Durham, Inst Computat Cosmol, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
[Jullo, Eric] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Sand, David J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Smith, GP (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
EM gps@star.sr.bham.ac.uk
RI Smail, Ian/M-5161-2013; Jauzac, Mathilde/B-1966-2015; Kneib,
Jean-Paul/A-7919-2015;
OI Smail, Ian/0000-0003-3037-257X; Kneib, Jean-Paul/0000-0002-4616-4989;
Edge, Alastair/0000-0002-3398-6916
FU Royal Society; STFC; RAS; STScI [GO-09722]; Centre National d'Etudes
Spatiales (CNES); Danish National Research Foundation; CNRS
FX G. P. S. thanks Keren Sharon and Phil Marshall for assistance with the
Keck/LRIS observations, Phil Marshall for many discussions on Bayesian
inference, and Paul May and Chris Berry for helpful discussions. G. P.
S. and I. R. S. acknowledge support from the Royal Society and STFC. A.
M. S. acknowledges a RAS Fellowship. H. E., J. P. K., and G. P. S.
acknowledge support from STScI under grant GO-09722. M. L. acknowledges
the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and the Danish National
Research Foundation for their support. J. P. K. acknowledges support
from CNRS.
NR 35
TC 52
Z9 52
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD DEC 20
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 2
BP L163
EP L168
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/L163
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 528RZ
UT WOS:000272465800012
ER
PT J
AU Rodrigues, RR
Carvalho, LN
Zuanon, J
Del-Claro, K
AF Rodrigues, Raoni Rosa
Carvalho, Lucelia Nobre
Zuanon, Jansen
Del-Claro, Kleber
TI Color changing and behavioral context in the Amazonian Dwarf Cichlid
Apistogramma hippolytae (Perciformes)
SO NEOTROPICAL ICHTHYOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Intraspecific communication; Interspecific communication; Color changes;
Parental care; Cichlidae
ID CORAL-REEF FISH; SEXUAL DICHROMATISM; CICHLASOMA-MEEKI; BODY COLOR;
TELEOSTEI; OPPONENTS; SELECTION; PATTERNS; PISCES; MORPHS
AB Animal coloration has many functions, and fishes are noted among vertebrates for presenting a wide variety of color patterns. Although in marine fishes the relationship between body coloration and behavioral context is well documented, there's not much information about freshwater fishes. Here we describe color patterns displayed by the dwarf cichlid Apistogramma hippolytae and suggest that these patterns are dependent on different social and behavioral settings. Field observations were conducted underwater in a pond in Central Amazonia, Brazil. We recorded six body coloration patterns related to seven different kinds of behavioral activities: foraging, resting, reproductive and agonistic displays, aggression ( attacking and fleeing) and parental care. Changes in coloration occur rapidly and take only a few seconds. Females on parental care exhibited a unique pattern that are more persistent and probably manifests more slowly. In the shallow and clear waters of the natural environment of this dwarf cichlid, color communication seems to constitute an efficient way to display information about individual mood, social status and reproductive readiness, contributing to minimize loss of energy in unnecessary interactions.
C1 [Rodrigues, Raoni Rosa; Del-Claro, Kleber] Univ Fed Uberlandia, LECI, BR-38400902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil.
[Carvalho, Lucelia Nobre] UFMT, ICNHS, BR-78550000 Sinop, MT, Brazil.
[Carvalho, Lucelia Nobre; Zuanon, Jansen] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, INPA, BR-69011970 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
[Carvalho, Lucelia Nobre; Zuanon, Jansen] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, BDFFP, BR-69011970 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
RP Rodrigues, RR (reprint author), Univ Fed Uberlandia, LECI, Caixa Postal 593, BR-38400902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil.
EM raonirosa@yahoo.com.br; carvalholh@yahoo.com.br; zuanon@inpa.gov.br;
delclaro@ufu.br
RI Del-Claro, Kleber/C-5570-2013; Nobre Carvalho, Lucelia/D-5986-2013;
Rodrigues, Raoni/O-9810-2015
OI Del-Claro, Kleber/0000-0001-8886-9568; Nobre Carvalho,
Lucelia/0000-0002-0673-0165;
FU BDFFP; INPA; Programa de Educacao Tutorial (PET - SESu/MEC); CNPq;
FAPEAM; "Fundacao O Boticario"
FX We thank Rafael Arruda and Eduardo Bessa for the careful reading and for
making important suggestions to the manuscript, and Fernando Mendonca
and Uwe Romer for allowing the use of some images that illustrate this
paper. We also thank the technicians of the Biological Dynamics of
Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP), especially O.S. Pereira and Sr.
Cardoso, for their help during fieldwork. BDFFP and INPA provided
invaluable logistic and financial support. The Programa de Educacao
Tutorial (PET - SESu/MEC) financed RRR graduate studies. CNPq provided
research grants to JZ and KDC, and Fapemig to KDC. CNPq, FAPEAM and
"Fundacao O Boticario" provided for financial support to Igarapes
Project. This is contribution number 552 of BDFFP Technical Series and
19 of the Igarapes Project.
NR 39
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 25
PU SOC BRASILEIRA ICTIOLOGIA
PI SAO PAULO
PA UNIV SAO PAULO, DEPT FISIOLOGIA-IB, RUA DO MATAO, TRAVESSA 14 N 321, SAO
PAULO, SP 05508-900, BRAZIL
SN 1679-6225
J9 NEOTROP ICHTHYOL
JI Neotrop. Ichthyol.
PD DEC 18
PY 2009
VL 7
IS 4
BP 641
EP 646
PG 6
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 543XM
UT WOS:000273613900013
ER
PT J
AU Gingerich, O
AF Gingerich, Owen
TI COSMOS An illustrated history of astronomy and cosmology
SO TLS-THE TIMES LITERARY SUPPLEMENT
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Gingerich, Owen] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Gingerich, O (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TIMES SUPPLEMENTS LIMITED
PI MARKET HARBOROUGH
PA TOWER HOUSE, SOVEREIGN PARK, MARKET HARBOROUGH LE87 4JJ, ENGLAND
SN 0307-661X
J9 TLS-TIMES LIT SUPPL
JI TLS-Times Lit. Suppl.
PD DEC 18
PY 2009
IS 5568-9
BP 29
EP 30
PG 2
WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary
SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics
GA 535LJ
UT WOS:000272969500051
ER
PT J
AU Charbonneau, D
Berta, ZK
Irwin, J
Burke, CJ
Nutzman, P
Buchhave, LA
Lovis, C
Bonfils, X
Latham, DW
Udry, S
Murray-Clay, RA
Holman, MJ
Falco, EE
Winn, JN
Queloz, D
Pepe, F
Mayor, M
Delfosse, X
Forveille, T
AF Charbonneau, David
Berta, Zachory K.
Irwin, Jonathan
Burke, Christopher J.
Nutzman, Philip
Buchhave, Lars A.
Lovis, Christophe
Bonfils, Xavier
Latham, David W.
Udry, Stephane
Murray-Clay, Ruth A.
Holman, Matthew J.
Falco, Emilio E.
Winn, Joshua N.
Queloz, Didier
Pepe, Francesco
Mayor, Michel
Delfosse, Xavier
Forveille, Thierry
TI A super-Earth transiting a nearby low-mass star
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID M-CIRCLE-PLUS; M-DWARFS; MAIN-SEQUENCE; PLANET; SEARCH; MODELS; SYSTEM;
RADIUS; LIMIT; SUN
AB A decade ago, the detection of the first(1,2) transiting extrasolar planet provided a direct constraint on its composition and opened the door to spectroscopic investigations of extrasolar planetary atmospheres(3). Because such characterization studies are feasible only for transiting systems that are both nearby and for which the planet-to-star radius ratio is relatively large, nearby small stars have been surveyed intensively. Doppler studies(4-6) and microlensing(7) have uncovered a population of planets with minimum masses of 1.9-10 times the Earth's mass (M(circle plus)), called super-Earths. The first constraint on the bulk composition of this novel class of planets was afforded by CoRoT-7b (refs 8, 9), but the distance and size of its star preclude atmospheric studies in the foreseeable future. Here we report observations of the transiting planet GJ 1214b, which has a mass of 6.55M(circle plus) and a radius 2.68 times Earth's radius (R(circle plus)), indicating that it is intermediate in stature between Earth and the ice giants of the Solar System. We find that the planetary mass and radius are consistent with a composition of primarily water enshrouded by a hydrogen-helium envelope that is only 0.05% of the mass of the planet. The atmosphere is probably escaping hydrodynamically, indicating that it has undergone significant evolution during its history. The star is small and only 13 parsecs away, so the planetary atmosphere is amenable to study with current observatories.
C1 [Charbonneau, David; Berta, Zachory K.; Irwin, Jonathan; Burke, Christopher J.; Nutzman, Philip; Buchhave, Lars A.; Latham, David W.; Murray-Clay, Ruth A.; Holman, Matthew J.; Falco, Emilio E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Buchhave, Lars A.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Lovis, Christophe; Bonfils, Xavier; Udry, Stephane; Queloz, Didier; Pepe, Francesco; Mayor, Michel] Univ Geneva, Observ Geneva, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland.
[Bonfils, Xavier; Delfosse, Xavier; Forveille, Thierry] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, UMR 5571, Lab Astrophys Grenoble LAOG, F-38041 Grenoble 09, France.
[Winn, Joshua N.] MIT, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Charbonneau, D (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM dcharbonneau@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Berta-Thompson, Zachory/0000-0002-3321-4924; Bonfils,
Xavier/0000-0001-9003-8894; Buchhave, Lars A./0000-0003-1605-5666;
Charbonneau, David/0000-0002-9003-484X
FU David and Lucile Packard Foundation Fellowship for Science and
Engineering; US National Science Foundation [AST-0807690]; NASA
[NCC2-1390, NNX09AB33G]; European Southern Observatory Director's
Discretionary [283.C-5022]
FX We thank M. Everett for gathering the FLWO 1.2-m observations, S. Seager
for providing a digital version of the structural models, and D.
Sasselov and S. Seager for comments on the manuscript. Support for this
work was provided by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation Fellowship
for Science and Engineering awarded to D. C., and by the US National
Science Foundation under grant number AST-0807690. L. A. B. and D. W. L.
acknowledge support from the NASA Kepler mission under cooperative
agreement NCC2-1390. M. J. H. acknowledges support by NASA Origins Grant
NNX09AB33G. The HARPS observations were gathered under the European
Southern Observatory Director's Discretionary Program 283.C-5022 ( A).
We thank the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for supporting the
MEarth Project at FLWO.
NR 30
TC 413
Z9 416
U1 5
U2 37
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD DEC 17
PY 2009
VL 462
IS 7275
BP 891
EP 894
DI 10.1038/nature08679
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 533AX
UT WOS:000272795400036
PM 20016595
ER
PT J
AU Wernegreen, JJ
Kauppinen, SN
Brady, SG
Ward, PS
AF Wernegreen, Jennifer J.
Kauppinen, Seth N.
Brady, Sean G.
Ward, Philip S.
TI One nutritional symbiosis begat another: Phylogenetic evidence that the
ant tribe Camponotini acquired Blochmannia by tending sap-feeding
insects
SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CANDIDATUS BLOCHMANNIA; CARPENTER ANTS; ENDOSYMBIONT BLOCHMANNIA;
BACTERIAL ENDOSYMBIONTS; GENOME SEQUENCE; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; HOST;
FLORIDANUS; COSPECIATION; EVOLUTION
AB Background: Bacterial endosymbiosis has a recurring significance in the evolution of insects. An estimated 10-20% of insect species depend on bacterial associates for their nutrition and reproductive viability. Members of the ant tribe Camponotini, the focus of this study, possess a stable, intracellular bacterial mutualist. The bacterium, Blochmannia, was first discovered in Camponotus and has since been documented in a distinct subgenus of Camponotus, Colobopsis, and in the related genus Polyrhachis. However, the distribution of Blochmannia throughout the Camponotini remains in question. Documenting the true host range of this bacterial mutualist is an important first step toward understanding the various ecological contexts in which it has evolved, and toward identifying its closest bacterial relatives. In this study, we performed a molecular screen, based on PCR amplification of 16S rDNA, to identify bacterial associates of diverse Camponotini species.
Results: Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rDNA gave four important insights: (i) Blochmannia occurs in a broad range of Camponotini genera including Calomyrmex, Echinopla, and Opisthopsis, and did not occur in outgroups related to this tribe (e.g., Notostigma). This suggests that the mutualism originated in the ancestor of the tribe Camponotini. (ii) The known bacteriocyte-associated symbionts of ants, in Formica, Plagiolepis, and the Camponotini, arose independently. (iii) Blochmannia is nestled within a diverse clade of endosymbionts of sap-feeding hemipteran insects, such as mealybugs, aphids, and psyllids. In our analyses, a group of secondary symbionts of mealybugs are the closest relatives of Blochmannia. (iv) Blochmannia has cospeciated with its known hosts, although deep divergences at the genus level remain uncertain.
Conclusions: The Blochmannia mutualism occurs in Calomyrmex, Echinopla, and Opisthopsis, in addition to Camponotus, and probably originated in the ancestral lineage leading to the Camponotini. This significant expansion of its known host range implies that the mutualism is more ancient and ecologically diverse than previously documented. Blochmannia is most closely related to endosymbionts of sap-feeding hemipterans, which ants tend for their carbohydrate-rich honeydew. Based on phylogenetic results, we propose Camponotini might have originally acquired this bacterial mutualist through a nutritional symbiosis with other insects.
C1 [Wernegreen, Jennifer J.; Kauppinen, Seth N.] Josephine Bay Paul Ctr Comparat Mol Biol & Evolut, Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Brady, Sean G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Ward, Philip S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Ward, Philip S.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Kauppinen, Seth N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Wernegreen, JJ (reprint author), Josephine Bay Paul Ctr Comparat Mol Biol & Evolut, Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM jwernegreen@mbl.edu; skauppinen@berkeley.edu; bradys@si.edu;
psward@ucdavis.edu
FU NSF [MCB-0604177, EF-0431330]; NIH [R01GM062626]
FX We are grateful to Alan Andersen, Don Windsor, and Dinah Davidson for
contributing insect specimens used for this study. We also thank Adam
Lazarus for assisting with molecular lab work, Ulrich Mueller for access
to his unpublished review of the metapleural gland, and three anonymous
reviewers for helpful comments. Funding for this research was provided
by grants from the NSF (MCB-0604177) and NIH (R01GM062626) to JJW, and
from the NSF-supported Ant AToL project (EF-0431330) to PSW and SGB.
NR 62
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 29
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2148
J9 BMC EVOL BIOL
JI BMC Evol. Biol.
PD DEC 16
PY 2009
VL 9
AR 292
DI 10.1186/1471-2148-9-292
PG 17
WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 546VU
UT WOS:000273842700002
PM 20015388
ER
PT J
AU Merrill, WL
Hard, RJ
Mabry, JB
Fritz, GJ
Adams, KR
Roney, JR
MacWilliams, AC
AF Merrill, William L.
Hard, Robert J.
Mabry, Jonathan B.
Fritz, Gayle J.
Adams, Karen R.
Roney, John R.
MacWilliams, A. C.
TI The diffusion of maize to the southwestern United States and its impact
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Review
DE early agriculture; migration; US Southwest; Mesoamerica; Uto-Aztecan
ID LATE QUATERNARY LACUSTRINE; LATE PLEISTOCENE-HOLOCENE; UTO-AZTECAN;
AMERICAN SOUTHWEST; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PALEOCLIMATIC SIGNIFICANCE; NORTHERN
CHIHUAHUA; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; GREAT-BASIN; MEXICO
AB Our understanding of the initial period of agriculture in the southwestern United States has been transformed by recent discoveries that establish the presence of maize there by 2100 cal. B. C. (calibrated calendrical years before the Christian era) and document the processes by which it was integrated into local foraging economies. Here we review archaeological, paleoecological, linguistic, and genetic data to evaluate the hypothesis that Proto-Uto-Aztecan (PUA) farmers migrating from a homeland in Mesoamerica introduced maize agriculture to the region. We conclude that this hypothesis is untenable and that the available data indicate instead a Great Basin homeland for the PUA, the breakup of this speech community into northern and southern divisions approximate to 6900 cal. B. C. and the dispersal of maize agriculture from Mesoamerica to the US Southwest via group-to-group diffusion across a Southern Uto-Aztecan linguistic continuum.
C1 [Hard, Robert J.] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Anthropol, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
[Merrill, William L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Mabry, Jonathan B.] City Tucson, Hist Preservat Off, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA.
[Fritz, Gayle J.] Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Adams, Karen R.] Crow Canyon Archaeol Ctr, Cortez, CO 81321 USA.
[Roney, John R.] Colinas Cultural Resource Consulting, Albuquerque, NM 87107 USA.
[MacWilliams, A. C.] Univ Calgary, Dept Archaeol, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
RP Hard, RJ (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Anthropol, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
EM robert.hard@utsa.edu
FU Mexico-North Research Network; University of Texas at San Antonio;
Desert Archaeology, Inc; National Science Foundation [SBR-9708610,
SBR-9809839, SBR-0219185, SBR-0220292]; National Geographic Society;
National Endowment for the Humanities; Smithsonian's National Museum of
Natural History; Arizona Department of Transportation; City of Tucson
FX We are grateful for the logistical support provided by the Mexico-North
Research Network and the University of Texas at San Antonio and for the
research conducted by Desert Archaeology, Inc. We thank the Instituto
Nacional de Antropologia e Historia for permission to conduct
archaeological field research in Mexico. Funding for this research was
provided by National Science Foundation Grants SBR-9708610, SBR-9809839,
SBR-0219185, and SBR-0220292, the National Geographic Society, the
National Endowment for the Humanities, the Smithsonian's National Museum
of Natural History, the University of Texas at San Antonio, the Arizona
Department of Transportation, and the City of Tucson.
NR 129
TC 39
Z9 40
U1 0
U2 9
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD DEC 15
PY 2009
VL 106
IS 50
BP 21019
EP 21026
DI 10.1073/pnas.0906075106
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 533AW
UT WOS:000272795300005
PM 19995985
ER
PT J
AU Linares, OF
AF Linares, Olga F.
TI From past to future agricultural expertise in Africa: Jola women of
Senegal expand market-gardening
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
AB Jola women farmers in the Casamance region of southern Senegal use their "traditional'' knowledge and farming skills to shift crop repertoires and techniques so as to embark on market-gardening, thus innovating in response to new needs and perceived opportunities. The argument is relevant to present-day concerns about regional food systems and the role of women in securing an income and providing extra food for the family.
C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Linares, OF (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Diplomat Post Off AA 34002-9998, Balboa, Panama.
EM linareso@si.edu
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 8
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD DEC 15
PY 2009
VL 106
IS 50
BP 21074
EP 21079
DI 10.1073/pnas.0910773106
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 533AW
UT WOS:000272795300014
PM 19965372
ER
PT J
AU Muller, A
Schippers, S
Phaneuf, RA
Scully, SWJ
Aguilar, A
Covington, AM
Alvarez, I
Cisneros, C
Emmons, ED
Gharaibeh, MF
Hinojosa, G
Schlachter, AS
McLaughlin, BM
AF Mueller, A.
Schippers, S.
Phaneuf, R. A.
Scully, S. W. J.
Aguilar, A.
Covington, A. M.
Alvarez, I.
Cisneros, C.
Emmons, E. D.
Gharaibeh, M. F.
Hinojosa, G.
Schlachter, A. S.
McLaughlin, B. M.
TI K-shell photoionization of ground-state Li-like carbon ions [C3+]:
experiment, theory and comparison with time-reversed photorecombination
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DOUBLY-EXCITED RESONANCES; LITHIUM-LIKE CARBON; R-MATRIX THEORY;
CROSS-SECTIONS; ATOMIC IONS; DIELECTRONIC RECOMBINATION;
ELECTRON-IMPACT; C2+ IONS; SPECTRA; IONIZATION
AB Absolute cross sections for the K-shell photoionization of ground-state Li-like carbon [C3+(1s(2)2s(2)S)] ions were measured by employing the ion-photon merged-beams technique at the Advanced Light Source. The energy ranges 299.8-300.15 eV, 303.29-303.58 eV and 335.61-337.57 eV of the [1s(2s2p)P-3]P-2, [1s(2s2p)P-1]P-2 and [(1s2s)S-3 3p]P-2 resonances, respectively, were investigated using resolving powers of up to 6000. The autoionization linewidth of the [1s(2s2p)P-1]P-2 resonance was measured to be 27 +/- 5meV and compares favourably with a theoretical result of 26 meV obtained from the intermediate coupling R-matrix method. The present photoionization cross section results are compared with the outcome from photorecombination measurements by employing the principle of detailed balance.
C1 [Scully, S. W. J.; McLaughlin, B. M.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Belfast BT7, Antrim, North Ireland.
[Phaneuf, R. A.; Scully, S. W. J.; Aguilar, A.; Covington, A. M.; Emmons, E. D.; Gharaibeh, M. F.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Mueller, A.; Schippers, S.] Univ Giessen, Inst Atom & Mol Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
[Aguilar, A.; Schlachter, A. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Alvarez, I.; Cisneros, C.; Hinojosa, G.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Fis, Cuernavaca 62131, Morelos, Mexico.
[McLaughlin, B. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP McLaughlin, BM (reprint author), Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, David Bates Bldg,7 Coll Pk, Belfast BT7, Antrim, North Ireland.
EM b.mclaughlin@qub.ac.uk
RI Muller, Alfred/A-3548-2009; Schippers, Stefan/A-7786-2008
OI Muller, Alfred/0000-0002-0030-6929; Schippers,
Stefan/0000-0002-6166-7138
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Mu 1068/10]; US Department of Energy
(DOE) [DE-AC03-76SF-00098, DE-FG02-03ER15424]; UNAM [PAPIIT IN108009];
NATO [976362]; US National Science Foundation
FX We acknowledge support by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under project
no. Mu 1068/10, by the US Department of Energy (DOE) under contract
DE-AC03-76SF-00098 and grant DE-FG02-03ER15424, through PAPIIT IN108009
UNAM, and through NATO Collaborative Linkage grant 976362. We thank Sven
Mannervik for providing the numerical data of the Stockholm
C4+ recombination measurements. B M McLaughlin acknowledges
support by the US National Science Foundation through a grant to ITAMP
at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.
NR 53
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-4075
J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT
JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys.
PD DEC 14
PY 2009
VL 42
IS 23
AR 235602
DI 10.1088/0953-4075/42/23/235602
PG 9
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 523MD
UT WOS:000272077100026
ER
PT J
AU Carter, LM
Campbell, BA
Holt, JW
Phillips, RJ
Putzig, NE
Mattei, S
Seu, R
Okubo, CH
Egan, AF
AF Carter, Lynn M.
Campbell, Bruce A.
Holt, John W.
Phillips, Roger J.
Putzig, Nathaniel E.
Mattei, Stefania
Seu, Roberto
Okubo, Chris H.
Egan, Anthony F.
TI Dielectric properties of lava flows west of Ascraeus Mons, Mars
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MEDUSAE FOSSAE FORMATION; SHALLOW RADAR; SHARAD
AB The SHARAD instrument on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter detects subsurface interfaces beneath lava flow fields northwest of Ascraeus Mons. The interfaces occur in two locations; a northern flow that originates south of Alba Patera, and a southern flow that originates at the rift zone between Ascraeus and Pavonis Montes. The northern flow has permittivity values, estimated from the time delay of echoes from the basal interface, between 6.2 and 17.3, with an average of 12.2. The southern flow has permittivity values of 7.0 to 14.0, with an average of 9.8. The average permittivity values for the northern and southern flows imply densities of 3.7 and 3.4 g cm(-3), respectively. Loss tangent values for both flows range from 0.01 to 0.03. The measured bulk permittivity and loss tangent values are consistent with those of terrestrial and lunar basalts, and represent the first measurement of these properties for dense rock on Mars. Citation: Carter, L. M., B. A. Campbell, J.W. Holt, R.J. Phillips, N.E. Putzig, S. Mattei, R. Seu, C. H. Okubo, and A. F. Egan (2009), Dielectric properties of lava flows west of Ascraeus Mons, Mars, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L23204, doi: 10.1029/2009GL041234.
C1 [Carter, Lynn M.; Campbell, Bruce A.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Phillips, Roger J.; Putzig, Nathaniel E.; Egan, Anthony F.] SW Res Inst, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
[Holt, John W.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Geophys, Austin, TX 78759 USA.
[Mattei, Stefania] Consortium Res Adv Remote Sensing Syst, I-80125 Naples, Italy.
[Okubo, Chris H.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Seu, Roberto] Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFOCOM Dept, I-00184 Rome, Italy.
RP Carter, LM (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM carterl@si.edu
RI Holt, John/C-4896-2009; Carter, Lynn/D-2937-2012
FU NASA Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Participating Scientist [NNH06ZDA001N]
FX We thank the SHARAD Operations Center team, including Emanuele
Giacomoni, Federica Russo, Marco Cutigni, Oreste Fuga, Riccardo Mecozzi,
Armando Valle, Leonardo Travaglino, and Marco Mastrogiuseppe for their
assistance with targeting, calibration, and data processing. The Shallow
Subsurface Radar (SHARAD) was provided by the Italian Space Agency
through a contract with Thales Alenia Space Italia, and it is operated
by the INFOCOM Department, University of Rome "La Sapienza''. LMC was
supported under NASA Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Participating Scientist
grant NNH06ZDA001N.
NR 17
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD DEC 12
PY 2009
VL 36
AR L23204
DI 10.1029/2009GL041234
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 532AB
UT WOS:000272714100003
ER
PT J
AU Rigopoulou, D
Mainieri, V
Almaini, O
Alonso-Herrero, A
Huang, JS
Hasinger, G
Rieke, G
Dunlop, J
Lehmann, I
AF Rigopoulou, D.
Mainieri, V.
Almaini, O.
Alonso-Herrero, A.
Huang, J. -S.
Hasinger, G.
Rieke, G.
Dunlop, J.
Lehmann, I.
TI Spectral energy distributions of type 2 quasi-stellar objects: obscured
star formation at high redshifts
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: active; galaxies: nuclei; quasars: general; submillimetre
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DEEP FIELD-SOUTH; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE;
ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; MASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; ARRAY CAMERA IRAC;
SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES; HOST GALAXIES; MIDINFRARED SPECTROSCOPY;
FORMATION HISTORY
AB We present new mid-infrared and submillimetre observations for a sample of eight high-redshift type 2 quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) located in the Chandra Deep Field-South. The sources are X-ray absorbed with luminosities in excess of 1044 erg s-1. Two of the targets have robust detections, S/N > 4, while further three targets are marginally detected with S/N >= 2.5. All sources are detected in multiple mid-infrared bands with the Spitzer Space Telescope. The multiwavelength spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the type 2 QSOs are compared to those of two local ultraluminous galaxies (Arp220 and IR22491) in order to assess contributions from a star-forming component in various parts of the SED. We suggest that their submm emission is possibly due to a starburst while a large fraction of the mid-infrared energy is likely to originate in the obscured central quasar. Using the mid-infrared and submm observations, we derive infrared luminosities which are found to be in excess of L > 1012 L(circle dot). The submm (850 mu m) to X-ray (2 keV) spectral indices (alpha(SX)) span a wide range. About half of the type 2 QSOs have values typical for a Compton-thick active galactic nuclei with only 1 per cent of the nuclear emission seen through scattering, and the remaining with values typical of submm-bright galaxies. Combining the available observational evidence, we outline a possible scenario for the early stages of evolution of these sources.
C1 [Rigopoulou, D.] Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
[Mainieri, V.; Hasinger, G.; Lehmann, I.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, D-85741 Garching, Germany.
[Almaini, O.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
[Alonso-Herrero, A.] CSIC, Inst Estructura Mat, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.
[Huang, J. -S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Rieke, G.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Dunlop, J.] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Mainieri, V.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
RP Rigopoulou, D (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
EM d.rigopoulou1@physics.ox.ac.uk
RI Alonso-Herrero, Almudena/H-1426-2015
OI Alonso-Herrero, Almudena/0000-0001-6794-2519
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX We thank the anonymous referee for useful comments on an earlier version
of this work. We thank Ben Weiner for useful discussions on the draft.
This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Data base,
which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration.
NR 62
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD DEC 11
PY 2009
VL 400
IS 3
BP 1199
EP 1207
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15543.x
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 527CR
UT WOS:000272344700005
ER
PT J
AU Wright, NJ
Barlow, MJ
Greimel, R
Drew, JE
Matsuura, M
Unruh, YC
Zijlstra, AA
AF Wright, N. J.
Barlow, M. J.
Greimel, R.
Drew, J. E.
Matsuura, M.
Unruh, Y. C.
Zijlstra, A. A.
TI Near-IR spectra of IPHAS extremely red Galactic AGB stars
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE techniques: spectroscopic; atlases; stars: AGB and post-AGB; stars:
carbon; stars: chemically peculiar; infrared: stars
ID INFRARED CLASSIFICATION SPECTROSCOPY; FUNDAMENTAL MK STANDARDS; H-ALPHA
SURVEY; ALL-SKY SURVEY; 2.5 MU-M; S-STARS; CARBON STARS; COOL STARS;
ASTRONOMICAL-SATELLITE; RESOLUTION SPECTRA
AB We present a library of 139 near-IR spectra of cool asymptotic giant branch stars that will be useful for comparison with theoretical model atmosphere calculations and for modelling the integrated emission from intermediate-age stellar populations. The source list was selected from the 'extremely red' region of the Isaac Newton Telescope (INT) Photometric H alpha Survey (IPHAS) colour-colour plane that is overwhelmingly dominated by very late-type stars. The spectral library also includes a large fraction of S-type and carbon stars. We present a number of spectral classification sequences highlighting the various molecular features identified and discuss a number of rare features with uncertain identifications in the literature. With its focus on particularly cool photospheres, this catalogue serves as a companion to recent spectroscopic atlases of MK standards in the near-IR. Finally, the relationship between IPHAS (r' - i') and (r' - H alpha) colours and spectroscopically determined properties is discussed and a strong correlation between the (r' - H alpha) colour and the C/O abundance index for S-type and carbon stars is noted. This relation has the potential to separate O-rich, S-type and carbon stars in the Galaxy based on their photometry alone.
C1 [Wright, N. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Greimel, R.] Karl Franzens Univ Graz, Inst Phys, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
[Drew, J. E.] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England.
[Matsuura, M.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, UCL Inst Origins, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England.
[Matsuura, M.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, UCL Inst Origins, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Unruh, Y. C.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Zijlstra, A. A.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
RP Wright, NJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM nwright@head.cfa.harvard.edu
RI Barlow, Michael/A-5638-2009;
OI Barlow, Michael/0000-0002-3875-1171; Unruh, Yvonne/0000-0001-8217-6998;
Drew, Janet/0000-0003-1192-7082
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science
Foundation; PPARC Studentship; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
Pre-Doctoral Fellowship
FX This work is based in part on observations made with the INT and the
WHT, operated on the island of La Palma by the Isaac Newton Group.
Observations on the WHT were obtained through an International Time
Programme, awarded to the IPHAS collaboration. It also partly makes use
of data products from 2MASS, IRAS and MSX, which are jointly run by the
Infrared Processing and Analysis Center and the California Institute of
Technology, and funded by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research has
made use of the SIMBAD data base, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France,
and iraf, operated by the Association of Universities for the Research
in Astronomy, Inc., under cooperative agreement with the National
Science Foundation. NJW was supported by a PPARC Studentship and a
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Pre-Doctoral Fellowship.
NR 65
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD DEC 11
PY 2009
VL 400
IS 3
BP 1413
EP 1426
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15536.x
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 527CR
UT WOS:000272344700020
ER
PT J
AU Kaplan, DL
Esposito, P
Chatterjee, S
Possenti, A
McLaughlin, MA
Camilo, F
Chakrabarty, D
Slane, PO
AF Kaplan, D. L.
Esposito, P.
Chatterjee, S.
Possenti, A.
McLaughlin, M. A.
Camilo, F.
Chakrabarty, D.
Slane, P. O.
TI Upper limits on X-ray emission from two rotating radio transients
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE stars: neutron; pulsars: general; X-rays: stars
ID ISOLATED NEUTRON-STARS; MAGNETIC-FIELD DECAY; PROPER MOTION; MILLISECOND
PULSARS; PSR J1846-0258; SPIN-DOWN; CHANDRA; DISCOVERY; J1819-1458;
EVOLUTION
AB X-ray emission from the enigmatic rotating radio transients (RRATs) offers a vital clue to understanding these objects and how they relate to the greater neutron star population. An X-ray counterpart to RRAT J1819-1458 is known, and its properties are similar to those of other middle-aged (0.1 Myr) neutron stars. We have searched for X-ray emission with Chandra/Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer at the positions of two RRATs with arcsecond (or better) localization, J0847-4316 and J1846-0257. Despite deep searches (especially for RRAT J1846-0257) we did not detect any emission with 0.3-8 keV count-rate limits of 1 and 0.068 counts ks-1, respectively, at 3 Sigma confidence. Assuming thermal emission similar to that seen from RRAT J1819-1458 (a blackbody with radius approximate to 20 km), we derive effective temperature limits of 77 and 91 eV for the nominal values of the distances and column densities to both sources, although both of those quantities are highly uncertain and correlated. If we instead fix the temperature of the emission (a blackbody with kT = 0.14 keV), we derive unabsorbed luminosity limits in the 0.3-8 keV range of 1 x 1032 and 3 x 1032 erg s-1. These limits are considerably below the luminosity of RRAT J1819-1458 (4 x 1033 erg s-1), suggesting that RRATs J0847-4316 and J1846-0257 have cooled beyond the point of visibility (plausible given the differences in characteristic age). However, as we have not detected X-ray emission, it may also be that the emission from RRATs J0847-4316 and J1846-0257 has a different character from that of RRAT J1819-1458. The two non-detections may prove a counterpoint to RRAT J1819-1458, but more detections are certainly needed before we can begin to derive general X-ray emission properties for the RRAT populations.
C1 [Kaplan, D. L.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, KITP, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Esposito, P.] INAF IASF Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Esposito, P.] INFN Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
[Chatterjee, S.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Possenti, A.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, I-09012 Capoterra, Italy.
[McLaughlin, M. A.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[McLaughlin, M. A.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Green Bank, WV 24944 USA.
[Chakrabarty, D.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Slane, P. O.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Chakrabarty, D.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Camilo, F.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
RP Kaplan, DL (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, KITP, Kohn Hall, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM dkaplan@kitp.ucsb.edu
OI Esposito, Paolo/0000-0003-4849-5092
FU NASA [01207.01-A, NAS 5-26555, NAS8-03060]; Chandra grant [GOO7-8064X]
FX We thank an anonymous referee for helpful comments. DLK was supported by
NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant #01207.01-A awarded by the Space
Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of
Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract
NAS 5-26555. We acknowledge support through Chandra grant GOO7-8064X.
POS acknowledges partial support from NASA Contract NAS8-03060. This
research has made use of software provided by the Chandra X-ray Center
(CXC) in the application package ciao.
NR 58
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD DEC 11
PY 2009
VL 400
IS 3
BP 1445
EP 1450
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15541.x
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 527CR
UT WOS:000272344700024
ER
PT J
AU Munoz, JA
Madau, P
Loeb, A
Diemand, J
AF Munoz, Joseph A.
Madau, Piero
Loeb, Abraham
Diemand, Juerg
TI Probing the epoch of reionization with Milky Way satellites
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: dwarf; cosmology: theory; early Universe
ID COSMIC STAR-FORMATION; ULTRA-FAINT DWARFS; DARK-MATTER HALOS; COMMON
MASS SCALE; LOCAL GROUP; GALACTIC SATELLITES; FORMATION HISTORIES;
LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; RADIATIVE FEEDBACK; TUMULTUOUS LIVES
AB While the connection between high-redshift star formation and the local Universe has recently been used to understand the observed population of faint dwarf galaxies in the Milky Way (MW) halo, we explore how well these nearby objects can probe the epoch of first light. We construct a detailed, physically motivated model for the MW satellites based on the state-of-the-art Via Lactea II dark-matter simulations. Our model incorporates molecular hydrogen (H(2)) cooling in low-mass systems and inhomogeneous photoheating feedback during the internal reionization of our own Galaxy. We find that the existence of MW satellites fainter than M(V) approximate to - 5 is strong evidence for H(2) cooling in low-mass haloes, while satellites with -5 > M(V) > -9 were affected by hydrogen cooling and photoheating feedback. The age of stars in very low-luminosity systems and the minimum luminosity of these satellites are key predictions of our model. Most of the stars populating the brightest MW satellites could have formed after the epoch of reionization. Our models also predict a significantly larger dispersion in M(300) values than observed and a number of luminous satellites with M(300) as low as 106 M(circle dot).
C1 [Munoz, Joseph A.; Loeb, Abraham] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Madau, Piero; Diemand, Juerg] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Munoz, JA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 10, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM jamunoz@cfa.harvard.edu
RI Diemand, Juerg/G-9448-2011; Munoz, Joseph/A-3336-2013
OI Munoz, Joseph/0000-0003-1588-1296
FU NASA [HST-HF-01194.01, NNX08AL43G, HST-AR-11268.01-A1, NNX08AV68G];
Harvard University
FX We thank Mike Kuhlen, Louie Strigari, Raja Guhathakurta and Gerry
Gilmore for useful discussions. JD acknowledges support from NASA
through Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF-01194.01. This research was
supported in part by NASA grants NNX08AL43G and LA (A.L.),
HST-AR-11268.01-A1 and NNX08AV68G (P.M.), and by Harvard University
funds.
NR 58
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD DEC 11
PY 2009
VL 400
IS 3
BP 1593
EP 1602
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15562.x
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 527CR
UT WOS:000272344700038
ER
PT J
AU Edwards, GB
Benjamin, SP
AF Edwards, G. B.
Benjamin, Suresh P.
TI A first look at the phylogeny of the Myrmarachninae, with rediscovery
and redescription of the type species of Myrmarachne (Araneae:
Salticidae)
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE Myrmarachninae; new combination; new name; new synonym; phylogeny;
species groups; Belippo; Bocus; Damoetas; Judalana; Ligonipes;
Panachraesta; Rhombonotus
ID JUMPING SPIDERS; ANT; MIMICRY; INFERENCE; REVISION; AMERICA; MRBAYES;
MODELS
AB Myrmarachne melanocephala MacLeay, 1839, type species of the genus Myrmarachne MacLeay, 1839, is rediscovered and redescribed, and a neotype is here designated. Five new synonyms of M. melanocephala are proposed: M. contracta (Karsch, 1880) [lectotype here designated], M. providens (Peckham & Peckham, 1892), M. ramosa Badcock, 1918, M. albicrurata Badcock, 1918, and M. lateralis Badcock, 1918. Myrmarachne melanocephala is shown to be a widespread species in southern Asia that mimics the ant Tetraponera rufonigra (Jerdon). Myrmarachne christae (Proszynski, 2001) and Myrmarachne galianoae (Proszynski, 2001) are transferred from Damoetas, new combinations. The latter results in a homonym with Myrmarachne galianoae Cutler, 1981: we rename the species Myrmarachne mariaelenae Edwards & Benjamin, replacement name. Further characterization of the species groups of Myrmarachne is presented, related genera are discussed, and a preliminary phylogeny of the Myrmarachninae is given.
C1 [Edwards, G. B.] Florida State Collect Arthropods, FDACS Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL 32614 USA.
[Benjamin, Suresh P.] Inst Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka.
[Benjamin, Suresh P.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 105, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Edwards, GB (reprint author), Florida State Collect Arthropods, FDACS Div Plant Ind, POB 147100, Gainesville, FL 32614 USA.
EM edwardg@doacs.state.fl.us; suresh.benjamin@gmail.com
FU Smithsonian Institution; Institute of Fundamental Studies
FX We are grateful to the following curators and museums: Gonzalo Giribet
and Laura Leibensperger, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge,
Massachusetts; Jason A. Dunlop, Museum fur Naturkunde, Berlin; and Janet
Beccaloni, British Natural History Museum for the loan of type
specimens; Jonathan Coddington and Dana De Roche, U. S. National Museum
of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C.; Peter
Schwendinger, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Geneve, Switzerland; and
Charles Griswold and Darrell Ubick, California Academy of Sciences, San
Francisco, for providing us with additional material from Sri Lanka and
India. Thanks also to Mr. A. H. Sumanasena (Department of Wild Life
Conservation, Colombo) for providing a research permit to collect in Sri
Lanka. SPB would like to express his gratitude to his brother Donald
Benjamin and his students Ziyard Jaleel (Open University of Sri Lanka)
and Sudath V. Nanayakkara for accompanying him during fieldwork in Sri
Lanka. A Smithsonian Institution postdoctoral fellowship and the
Institute of Fundamental Studies provided financial support for this
project to SPB. Gita Bodner and Junxia Zhang co-observed various types
of salticid mimicry with GBE in Costa Rica and Panama, respectively.
Thanks also to Paul Selden and Norman Platnick for discussion on the
type locality of M. melanocephala, to Marek Zabka for information about
other Asian and Australian genera related to Myrmarachne, to Junxia
Zhang who assisted with the phylogenetic analysis, and to Lloyd Davis
who identified the ant. Thanks also to the following for searching for
or other information about the type specimen of M. melanocephala: Beth
Mantle and Barry Richardson, CSIRO; Graham Milledge and Helen Smith,
Australian Museum; Elizabeth Jefferys, Macleay Museum. Jerzy Proszynski
kindly contributed his versions of Wanless' species groups, suggested
new groups, and provided Figure 7. The Willi Hennig Society is
acknowledged for making TNT available free to users. We also appreciate
Paul Skelley's thorough review, as well as those of Christoph Muster and
two anonymous reviewers. This is FDACS, DPI, Bureau of Entomology,
Nematology, and Plant Pathology, Entomology Section Contribution # 1141.
NR 65
TC 9
Z9 12
U1 5
U2 6
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD DEC 11
PY 2009
IS 2309
BP 1
EP 29
PG 29
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 530VA
UT WOS:000272619200001
ER
PT J
AU Abdo, AA
Ackermann, M
Ajello, M
Atwood, WB
Axelsson, M
Baldini, L
Ballet, J
Barbiellini, G
Bastieri, D
Bechtol, K
Bellazzini, R
Berenji, B
Blandford, RD
Bloom, ED
Bonamente, E
Borgland, AW
Bregeon, J
Brez, A
Brigida, M
Bruel, P
Burnett, TH
Caliandro, GA
Cameron, RA
Cannon, A
Caraveo, PA
Casandjian, JM
Cavazzuti, E
Cecchi, C
Celik, O
Charles, E
Cheung, CC
Chiang, J
Ciprini, S
Claus, R
Cohen-Tanugi, J
Colafrancesco, S
Conrad, J
Costamante, L
Cutini, S
Davis, DS
Dermer, CD
de Angelis, A
de Palma, F
Digel, SW
Donato, D
Silva, EDE
Drell, PS
Dubois, R
Dumora, D
Edmonds, Y
Farnier, C
Favuzzi, C
Fegan, SJ
Finke, J
Focke, WB
Fortin, P
Frailis, M
Fukazawa, Y
Funk, S
Fusco, P
Gargano, F
Gasparrini, D
Gehrels, N
Georganopoulos, M
Germani, S
Giebels, B
Giglietto, N
Giommi, P
Giordano, F
Giroletti, M
Glanzman, T
Godfrey, G
Grenier, IA
Grondin, MH
Grove, JE
Guillemot, L
Guiriec, S
Hanabata, Y
Harding, AK
Hayashida, M
Hays, E
Horan, D
Johannesson, G
Johnson, AS
Johnson, RP
Johnson, TJ
Johnson, WN
Kamae, T
Katagiri, H
Kataoka, J
Kawai, N
Kerr, M
Knodlseder, J
Kocian, ML
Kuss, M
Lande, J
Latronico, L
Lemoine-Goumard, M
Longo, F
Loparco, F
Lott, B
Lovellette, MN
Lubrano, P
Madejski, GM
Makeev, A
Mazziotta, MN
McConville, W
McEnery, JE
Meurer, C
Michelson, PF
Mitthumsiri, W
Mizuno, T
Moiseev, AA
Monte, C
Monzani, ME
Morselli, A
Moskalenko, IV
Murgia, S
Nolan, PL
Norris, JP
Nuss, E
Ohsugi, T
Omodei, N
Orlando, E
Ormes, JF
Ozaki, M
Paneque, D
Panetta, JH
Parent, D
Pelassa, V
Pepe, M
Pesce-Rollins, M
Piron, F
Porter, TA
Raino, S
Rando, R
Razzano, M
Reimer, A
Reimer, O
Reposeur, T
Ritz, S
Rochester, LS
Rodriguez, AY
Romani, RW
Roth, M
Ryde, F
Sadrozinski, HFW
Sambruna, R
Sanchez, D
Sander, A
Parkinson, PMS
Scargle, JD
Sgro, C
Shaw, MS
Smith, DA
Smith, PD
Spandre, G
Spinelli, P
Strickman, MS
Suson, DJ
Tajima, H
Takahashi, H
Tanaka, T
Taylor, GB
Thayer, JB
Thompson, DJ
Tibaldo, L
Torres, DF
Tosti, G
Tramacere, A
Uchiyama, Y
Usher, TL
Vasileiou, V
Vilchez, N
Waite, AP
Wang, P
Winer, BL
Wood, KS
Ylinen, T
Ziegler, M
Harris, DE
Massaro, F
Stawarz, L
AF Abdo, A. A.
Ackermann, M.
Ajello, M.
Atwood, W. B.
Axelsson, M.
Baldini, L.
Ballet, J.
Barbiellini, G.
Bastieri, D.
Bechtol, K.
Bellazzini, R.
Berenji, B.
Blandford, R. D.
Bloom, E. D.
Bonamente, E.
Borgland, A. W.
Bregeon, J.
Brez, A.
Brigida, M.
Bruel, P.
Burnett, T. H.
Caliandro, G. A.
Cameron, R. A.
Cannon, A.
Caraveo, P. A.
Casandjian, J. M.
Cavazzuti, E.
Cecchi, C.
Celik, Oe
Charles, E.
Cheung, C. C.
Chiang, J.
Ciprini, S.
Claus, R.
Cohen-Tanugi, J.
Colafrancesco, S.
Conrad, J.
Costamante, L.
Cutini, S.
Davis, D. S.
Dermer, C. D.
de Angelis, A.
de Palma, F.
Digel, S. W.
Donato, D.
do Couto e Silva, E.
Drell, P. S.
Dubois, R.
Dumora, D.
Edmonds, Y.
Farnier, C.
Favuzzi, C.
Fegan, S. J.
Finke, J.
Focke, W. B.
Fortin, P.
Frailis, M.
Fukazawa, Y.
Funk, S.
Fusco, P.
Gargano, F.
Gasparrini, D.
Gehrels, N.
Georganopoulos, M.
Germani, S.
Giebels, B.
Giglietto, N.
Giommi, P.
Giordano, F.
Giroletti, M.
Glanzman, T.
Godfrey, G.
Grenier, I. A.
Grondin, M. -H.
Grove, J. E.
Guillemot, L.
Guiriec, S.
Hanabata, Y.
Harding, A. K.
Hayashida, M.
Hays, E.
Horan, D.
Johannesson, G.
Johnson, A. S.
Johnson, R. P.
Johnson, T. J.
Johnson, W. N.
Kamae, T.
Katagiri, H.
Kataoka, J.
Kawai, N.
Kerr, M.
Knoedlseder, J.
Kocian, M. L.
Kuss, M.
Lande, J.
Latronico, L.
Lemoine-Goumard, M.
Longo, F.
Loparco, F.
Lott, B.
Lovellette, M. N.
Lubrano, P.
Madejski, G. M.
Makeev, A.
Mazziotta, M. N.
McConville, W.
McEnery, J. E.
Meurer, C.
Michelson, P. F.
Mitthumsiri, W.
Mizuno, T.
Moiseev, A. A.
Monte, C.
Monzani, M. E.
Morselli, A.
Moskalenko, I. V.
Murgia, S.
Nolan, P. L.
Norris, J. P.
Nuss, E.
Ohsugi, T.
Omodei, N.
Orlando, E.
Ormes, J. F.
Ozaki, M.
Paneque, D.
Panetta, J. H.
Parent, D.
Pelassa, V.
Pepe, M.
Pesce-Rollins, M.
Piron, F.
Porter, T. A.
Raino, S.
Rando, R.
Razzano, M.
Reimer, A.
Reimer, O.
Reposeur, T.
Ritz, S.
Rochester, L. S.
Rodriguez, A. Y.
Romani, R. W.
Roth, M.
Ryde, F.
Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.
Sambruna, R.
Sanchez, D.
Sander, A.
Parkinson, P. M. Saz
Scargle, J. D.
Sgro, C.
Shaw, M. S.
Smith, D. A.
Smith, P. D.
Spandre, G.
Spinelli, P.
Strickman, M. S.
Suson, D. J.
Tajima, H.
Takahashi, H.
Tanaka, T.
Taylor, G. B.
Thayer, J. B.
Thompson, D. J.
Tibaldo, L.
Torres, D. F.
Tosti, G.
Tramacere, A.
Uchiyama, Y.
Usher, T. L.
Vasileiou, V.
Vilchez, N.
Waite, A. P.
Wang, P.
Winer, B. L.
Wood, K. S.
Ylinen, T.
Ziegler, M.
Harris, D. E.
Massaro, F.
Stawarz, L.
TI FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE GAMMA-RAY DETECTION OF THE RADIO GALAXY M87
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (M87); galaxies: jets; gamma
rays: observations; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SYNCHROTRON-PROTON BLAZAR; SUPERMASSIVE
BLACK-HOLE; TEV EMISSION; UNIFIED SCHEMES; LAC OBJECTS; SOURCE LIST;
EGRET DATA; JET; VARIABILITY
AB We report the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) discovery of high-energy (MeV/GeV) gamma-ray emission positionally consistent with the center of the radio galaxy M87, at a source significance of over 10 sigma in 10 months of all-sky survey data. Following the detections of Cen A and Per A, this makes M87 the third radio galaxy seen with the LAT. The faint point-like gamma-ray source has a >100 MeV flux of 2.45 (+/-0.63) x 10(-8) photons cm(-2) s(-1) (photon index = 2.26 +/- 0.13) with no significant variability detected within the LAT observation. This flux is comparable with the previous EGRET upper limit (<2.18 x 10-8 photons cm(-2) s(-1), 2 sigma), thus there is no evidence for a significant MeV/GeV flare on decade timescales. Contemporaneous Chandra and Very Long Baseline Array data indicate low activity in the unresolved X-ray and radio core relative to previous observations, suggesting M87 is in a quiescent overall level over the first year of Fermi-LAT observations. The LAT gamma-ray spectrum is modeled as synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission from the electron population producing the radio-to-X-ray emission in the core. The resultant SSC spectrum extrapolates smoothly from the LAT band to the historical-minimum TeV emission. Alternative models for the core and possible contributions from the kiloparsec-scale jet in M87 are considered, and cannot be excluded.
C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Cheung, C. C.; Dermer, C. D.; Finke, J.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Costamante, L.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Edmonds, Y.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Shaw, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Costamante, L.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Edmonds, Y.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Shaw, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
[Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
[Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
[Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
[Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
[Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
[Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.; Giebels, B.; Horan, D.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
[Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.; Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Celik, Oe; Moiseev, A. A.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Cannon, A.] Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
[Caraveo, P. A.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Cavazzuti, E.; Colafrancesco, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Giommi, P.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy.
[Celik, Oe; Davis, D. S.; Georganopoulos, M.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
[Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France.
[Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
[de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
[Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France.
[Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France.
[Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan.
[Gehrels, N.; Johnson, T. J.; McConville, W.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
[Kataoka, J.; Kawai, N.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan.
[Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan.
[Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Cosm Radiat Lab, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
[Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France.
[Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Denver, CO 80208 USA.
[Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Ozaki, M.; Uchiyama, Y.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan.
[Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona 08193, Spain.
[Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA.
[Taylor, G. B.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain.
[Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy.
[Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden.
[Harris, D. E.; Massaro, F.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Stawarz, L.] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland.
RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM Teddy.Cheung.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; wmcconvi@umd.edu
RI Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk,
Stefan/B-7629-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano,
Fabio/O-8934-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Moskalenko,
Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro,
Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Massaro, Francesco/L-9102-2016; Torres,
Diego/O-9422-2016; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding,
Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery,
Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano,
pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Nolan,
Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto,
nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Ozaki,
Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays,
Elizabeth/D-3257-2012
OI Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495;
Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini,
Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; giommi,
paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517;
Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo,
Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862;
Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins,
Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785;
Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Reimer,
Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Loparco,
Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395;
Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Moskalenko,
Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672;
Massaro, Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850; Torres,
Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro',
Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394;
Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano,
pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553;
giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888;
FU NASA [GO8-9116X, GO9-0108X]; Foundation BLANCEFLOR Boncompagni-Ludovisi,
n'ee Bildt
FX C. C. C. was supported by an appointment to the NASA Post-doctoral
Program at Goddard Space Flight Center, administered by Oak Ridge
Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. Support from NASA
grants GO8-9116X and GO9-0108X (D. E. H. and F. M.) and the Foundation
BLANCEFLOR Boncompagni-Ludovisi, n'ee Bildt (F. M.) are acknowledged.
This research has made use of data from the MOJAVE database that is
maintained by theMOJAVE team (Lister et al. 2009). We thank F. Owen for
providing the VLA 90 cm image.
NR 61
TC 92
Z9 92
U1 0
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 1
BP 55
EP 60
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/55
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 524SJ
UT WOS:000272162900004
ER
PT J
AU Bayet, E
Aladro, R
Martin, S
Viti, S
Martin-Pintado, J
AF Bayet, E.
Aladro, R.
Martin, S.
Viti, S.
Martin-Pintado, J.
TI EXTRAGALACTIC CS SURVEY
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: nuclei; ISM: individual (NGC 253, NGC 1068, IC 342, Henize
2-10, M 82, The Antennae, M 83); ISM: molecules; methods: data analysis;
submillimeter
ID STARBURST GALAXY NGC-253; STAR-FORMATION; MOLECULAR GAS; DENSE GAS;
NEARBY GALAXIES; NUCLEAR STARBURST; SUBMILLIMETER-C; LINE SURVEY;
EMISSION; M82
AB We present a coherent and homogeneous multi-line study of the CS molecule in nearby (D < 10 Mpc) galaxies. We include, from the literature, all the available observations from the J = 1-0 to the J = 7-6 transitions toward NGC 253, NGC 1068, IC 342, Henize 2-10, M 82, the Antennae Galaxies, and M 83. We have, for the first time, detected the CS(7-6) line in NGC 253, M 82 (both in the northeast and southwest molecular lobes), NGC 4038, M 83 and tentatively in NGC 1068, IC 342, and Henize 2-10. We use the CS molecule as a tracer of the densest gas component of the interstellar medium in extragalactic star-forming regions, following previous theoretical and observational studies by Bayet et al. In this first paper out of a series, we analyze the CS data sample under both local thermodynamical equilibrium (LTE) and non-LTE (large velocity gradient) approximations. We show that except for M 83 and Overlap (a shifted gas-rich position from the nucleus NGC 4039 in the Antennae Galaxies), the observations in NGC 253, IC 342, M 82-NE, M 82-SW, and NGC 4038 are not well reproduced by a single set of gas component properties and that, at least, two gas components are required. For each gas component, we provide estimates of the corresponding kinetic temperature, total CS column density, and gas density.
C1 [Bayet, E.; Viti, S.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Aladro, R.] IRAM, E-18012 Granada, Spain.
[Martin, S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Martin-Pintado, J.] CSIC, Inst Estructura Mat, Dept Astrofis Mol & Infrarroja, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.
RP Bayet, E (reprint author), UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England.
EM eb@star.ucl.ac.uk
RI Martin-Pintado, Jesus/H-6107-2015
OI Martin-Pintado, Jesus/0000-0003-4561-3508
FU Leverhulme Trust; Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion
[AYA2008-06181-C02-02, ESP2007-65812-C02-01]; Comunidad de Madrid
Government [S-0505/ESP-0237]
FX E. B. acknowledges financial support from the Leverhulme Trust and M.
Banerji for her participation to one of the observational sessions on
the top of the Mauna Kea. The James Clerk Maxwell Telescope is operated
by The Joint Astronomy Centre on behalf of the Science and Technology
Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Netherlands Organization
for Scientific Research, and the National Research Council of Canada.
Authors acknowledge the anonymous referee for his/her useful comments
which significantly improved the paper. R. A. acknowledges financial
support by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion under project
AYA2008-06181-C02-02. This work has also been partially supported by the
Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion under project
ESP2007-65812-C02-01, and by the Comunidad de Madrid Government under
PRICIT project S-0505/ESP-0237 (ASTROCAM).
NR 34
TC 30
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 1
BP 126
EP 136
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/126
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 524SJ
UT WOS:000272162900012
ER
PT J
AU Bakos, GA
Howard, AW
Noyes, RW
Hartman, J
Torres, G
Kovacs, G
Fischer, DA
Latham, DW
Johnson, JA
Marcy, GW
Sasselov, DD
Stefanik, RP
Sipocz, B
Kovacs, G
Esquerdo, GA
Pal, A
Lazar, J
Papp, I
Sari, P
AF Bakos, G. A.
Howard, A. W.
Noyes, R. W.
Hartman, J.
Torres, G.
Kovacs, Geza
Fischer, D. A.
Latham, D. W.
Johnson, J. A.
Marcy, G. W.
Sasselov, D. D.
Stefanik, R. P.
Sipocz, B.
Kovacs, Gabor
Esquerdo, G. A.
Pal, A.
Lazar, J.
Papp, I.
Sari, P.
TI HAT-P-13b,c: A TRANSITING HOT JUPITER WITH A MASSIVE OUTER COMPANION ON
AN ECCENTRIC ORBIT
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE planetary systems; stars: individual (HAT-P-13, GSC 3416-00543);
techniques: photometric; techniques: spectroscopic
ID LIGHT-CURVE PROJECT; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; MONTE-CARLO; K-DWARF; STELLAR;
SYSTEMS; EVOLUTION; SEARCH; PERIOD; STAR
AB We report on the discovery of a planetary system with a close-in transiting hot Jupiter on a near circular orbit and a massive outer planet on a highly eccentric orbit. The inner planet, HAT-P-13b, transits the bright V = 10.622 G4 dwarf star GSC 3416-00543 every P = 2.916260 +/- 0.000010 days, with transit epoch T(c) = 2454779.92979 +/- 0.00038 (BJD) and duration 0.1345 +/- 0.0017 days. The outer planet HAT-P-13c orbits the star every P(2) = 428.5 +/- 3.0 days with a nominal transit center (assuming zero impact parameter) of T(2c) = 2454870.4 +/- 1.8 (BJD) or time of periastron passage T(2,peri) = 2454890.05 +/- 0.48 (BJD). Transits of the outer planet have not been observed, and may not be present. The host star has a mass of 1.22(-0.10)(+0.05) M(circle dot), radius of 1.56 +/- 0.08 R(circle dot), effective temperature of 5653 +/- 90 K, and is rather metal-rich with [Fe/H] = +0.41 +/- 0.08. The inner planetary companion has a mass of 0.853(-0.046)(+0.029) M(J), and radius of 1.281 +/- 0.079 R(J), yielding a mean density of 0.498(-0.069)(+0.103) g cm(-3). The outer companion has m(2) sin i(2) = 15.2 +/- 1.0 M(J), and orbits on a highly eccentric orbit of e(2) = 0.691 +/- 0.018. While we have not detected significant transit timing variations of HAT-P-13b, due to gravitational and light-travel time effects, future observations will constrain the orbital inclination of HAT-P-13c, along with its mutual inclination to HAT-P-13b. The HAT-P-13 (b, c) double-planet system may prove extremely valuable for theoretical studies of the formation and dynamics of planetary systems.
C1 [Bakos, G. A.; Noyes, R. W.; Hartman, J.; Torres, G.; Latham, D. W.; Sasselov, D. D.; Stefanik, R. P.; Sipocz, B.; Kovacs, Gabor; Esquerdo, G. A.; Pal, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Howard, A. W.; Marcy, G. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kovacs, Geza; Pal, A.] Konkoly Observ Budapest, Budapest, Hungary.
[Fischer, D. A.] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA.
[Johnson, J. A.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Sipocz, B.] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Astron, Budapest, Hungary.
[Lazar, J.; Papp, I.; Sari, P.] Hungarian Astron Assoc, Budapest, Hungary.
RP Bakos, GA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM gbakos@cfa.harvard.edu
RI Howard, Andrew/D-4148-2015;
OI Howard, Andrew/0000-0001-8638-0320; Fischer, Debra/0000-0003-2221-0861
FU NASA [NNG04GN74G, NNX08AF23G, NCC2-1390, NNX09AF59G, N128Hr, N145Hr];
SAO IRD; NSF [AST-0702843, AST-0702821]; Hungarian Scientific Research
Foundation (OTKA) [K-60750]; Keck telescope time granted through NOAO
[A146Hr, A264Hr]
FX HATNet operations have been funded by NASA grants NNG04GN74G, NNX08AF23G
and SAO IR&D grants. Work of G. A. B. and J. A. J. were supported by the
Postdoctoral Fellowship of the NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Program
(AST-0702843 and AST-0702821, respectively). We acknowledge partial
support also from the Kepler Mission under NASA Cooperative Agreement
NCC2-1390 (PI: D. W. L.). G. K. thanks the Hungarian Scientific Research
Foundation (OTKA) for support through grant K-60750. G. T. acknowledges
partial support from NASA Origins grant NNX09AF59G. This research has
made use of Keck telescope time granted through NOAO (program
A146Hr,A264Hr) and NASA (N128Hr,N145Hr). We are grateful to Josh Winn
and Matthew Holman for their flexibility in swapping nights at the FLWO
1.2 m telescope. We thank the anonymous referee for the useful comments
that improved this paper.
NR 61
TC 72
Z9 72
U1 1
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 1
BP 446
EP 456
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/446
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 524SJ
UT WOS:000272162900034
ER
PT J
AU Ma, S
Wills-Davey, MJ
Lin, J
Chen, PF
Attrill, GDR
Chen, H
Zhao, S
Li, Q
Golub, L
AF Ma, S.
Wills-Davey, M. J.
Lin, J.
Chen, P. F.
Attrill, G. D. R.
Chen, H.
Zhao, S.
Li, Q.
Golub, L.
TI A NEW VIEW OF CORONAL WAVES FROM STEREO
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun: activity; Sun: corona; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: UV
radiation
ID ULTRAVIOLET IMAGING TELESCOPE; EIT WAVES; MORETON WAVES; PROPAGATING
DISTURBANCE; SOHO/EIT OBSERVATIONS; MASS EJECTION; SOLAR CORONA; MHD
WAVES; MISSION; CMES
AB On 2007 December 7, there was an eruption from AR 10977, which also hosted a sigmoid. An EUV Imaging Telescope (EIT) wave associated with this eruption was observed by EUVI on board the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO). Using EUVI images in the 171 angstrom and the 195 angstrom passbands from both STEREO A and B, we study the morphology and kinematics of this EIT wave. In the early stages, images of the EIT wave from the two STEREO spacecrafts differ markedly. We determine that the EUV fronts observed at the very beginning of the eruption likely include some intensity contribution from the associated coronal mass ejection (CME). Additionally, our velocity measurements suggest that the EIT wave front may propagate at nearly constant velocity. Both results offer constraints on current models and understanding of EIT waves.
C1 [Ma, S.; Lin, J.; Zhao, S.; Li, Q.] Chinese Acad Sci, Yunnan Astron Observ, Natl Astron Observ China, Kunming 650011, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
[Ma, S.; Wills-Davey, M. J.; Lin, J.; Attrill, G. D. R.; Golub, L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Ma, S.] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Sch, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
[Chen, P. F.] Nanjing Univ, Dept Astron, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China.
[Chen, H.] China Univ Petr, Dongying 257061, Shandong, Peoples R China.
RP Ma, S (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Yunnan Astron Observ, Natl Astron Observ China, Kunming 650011, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
EM suli_ma@cfa.harvard.edu
RI Chen, P. F./E-2292-2011; Ma, Suli/J-9141-2012; Ma, Suli/F-2232-2014;
LIN, JUN/B-9890-2017
OI Chen, P. F./0000-0002-7289-642X; Ma, Suli/0000-0002-5431-6065;
FU Program 973 [2006CB806303]; NSFC [10873030, 40636031]; CAS
[KJCX2-YW-T04]; NASA [SP02H1701R, NNM07AB07C, NNX09AB11G, NNX07AL72G]
FX We sincerely thank the anonymous referee for very helpful and
constructive comments that improved this paper. The STEREO/SECCHI data
are produced by an international consortium: NRL, LMSAL, NASA, GSFC
(USA); RAL(UK); MPS (Germany); CSL (Belgium); and IOTA, IAS (France).
Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA,
collaborating with NAOJ as a domestic partner, NASA and STFC (UK) as
international partners. Scientific operation of the Hinode mission is
conducted by the Hinode science team organized at ISAS/JAXA. This team
mainly consists of scientists from institutes in the partner countries.
Support for the post-launch operation is provided by JAXA and NAOJ
(Japan), STFC (UK), NASA, ESA, and NSC (Norway). SOHO is a project of
international cooperation between ESA and NASA. YNAO/Ha telescope is run
by the Yunnan Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Science. This
work was supported by Program 973 grant 2006CB806303, by NSFC grants
10873030 and 40636031, and by CAS grant KJCX2-YW-T04 to YNAO. S. M. was
also supported by NASA grant SP02H1701R and NNM07AB07C. M. J. W. D. and
G. D. R. A. gratefully acknowledge NASA grant NNX09AB11G. J. L. was
supported by NASA grant NNX07AL72G when visiting CfA.
NR 41
TC 45
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 7
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 1
BP 503
EP 509
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/503
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 524SJ
UT WOS:000272162900038
ER
PT J
AU Acciari, VA
Aliu, E
Aune, T
Beilicke, M
Benbow, W
Bottcher, M
Boltuch, D
Buckley, JH
Bradbury, SM
Bugaev, V
Byrum, K
Cannon, A
Cesarini, A
Ciupik, L
Cogan, P
Cui, W
Dickherber, R
Duke, C
Falcone, A
Finley, JP
Fortin, P
Fortson, L
Furniss, A
Galante, N
Gall, D
Gibbs, K
Gillanders, GH
Grube, J
Guenette, R
Gyuk, G
Hanna, D
Holder, J
Hui, CM
Humensky, TB
Kaaret, P
Karlsson, N
Kertzman, M
Kieda, D
Konopelko, A
Krawczynski, H
Krennrich, F
Lang, MJ
LeBohec, S
Maier, G
McArthur, S
McCann, A
McCutcheon, M
Millis, J
Moriarty, P
Ong, RA
Otte, AN
Pandel, D
Perkins, JS
Pichel, A
Pohl, M
Quinn, J
Ragan, K
Reyes, LC
Reynolds, PT
Roache, E
Rose, HJ
Sembroski, GH
Smith, AW
Steele, D
Theiling, M
Thibadeau, S
Varlotta, A
Vassiliev, VV
Vincent, S
Wakely, SP
Ward, JE
Weekes, TC
Weinstein, A
Weisgarber, T
Williams, DA
Wissel, S
Wood, M
Pian, E
Vercellone, S
Donnarumma, I
D'Ammando, F
Bulgarelli, A
Chen, AW
Giuliani, A
Longo, F
Pacciani, L
Pucella, G
Vittorini, V
Tavani, M
Argan, A
Barbiellini, G
Caraveo, P
Cattaneo, PW
Cocco, V
Costa, E
Del Monte, E
De Paris, G
Di Cocco, G
Evangelista, Y
Feroci, M
Fiorini, M
Froysland, T
Frutti, M
Fuschino, F
Galli, M
Gianotti, F
Labanti, C
Lapshov, I
Lazzarotto, F
Lipari, P
Marisaldi, M
Mastropietro, M
Mereghetti, S
Morelli, E
Morselli, A
Pellizzoni, A
Perotti, F
Piano, G
Picozza, P
Pilia, M
Porrovecchio, G
Prest, M
Rapisarda, M
Rappoldi, A
Rubini, A
Sabatini, S
Soffitta, P
Trifoglio, M
Trois, A
Vallazza, E
Zambra, A
Zanello, D
Pittori, C
Santolamazza, P
Verrecchia, F
Giommi, P
Colafrancesco, S
Salotti, L
Villata, M
Raiteri, CM
Aller, HD
Aller, MF
Arkharov, AA
Efimova, NV
Larionov, VM
Leto, P
Ligustri, R
Lindfors, E
Pasanen, M
Kurtanidze, OM
Tetradze, SD
Lahteenmaki, A
Kotiranta, M
Cucchiara, A
Romano, P
Nesci, R
Pursimo, T
Heidt, J
Benitez, E
Hiriart, D
Nilsson, K
Berdyugin, A
Mujica, R
Dultzin, D
Lopez, JM
Mommert, M
Sorcia, M
Perez, ID
AF Acciari, V. A.
Aliu, E.
Aune, T.
Beilicke, M.
Benbow, W.
Boettcher, M.
Boltuch, D.
Buckley, J. H.
Bradbury, S. M.
Bugaev, V.
Byrum, K.
Cannon, A.
Cesarini, A.
Ciupik, L.
Cogan, P.
Cui, W.
Dickherber, R.
Duke, C.
Falcone, A.
Finley, J. P.
Fortin, P.
Fortson, L.
Furniss, A.
Galante, N.
Gall, D.
Gibbs, K.
Gillanders, G. H.
Grube, J.
Guenette, R.
Gyuk, G.
Hanna, D.
Holder, J.
Hui, C. M.
Humensky, T. B.
Kaaret, P.
Karlsson, N.
Kertzman, M.
Kieda, D.
Konopelko, A.
Krawczynski, H.
Krennrich, F.
Lang, M. J.
LeBohec, S.
Maier, G.
McArthur, S.
McCann, A.
McCutcheon, M.
Millis, J.
Moriarty, P.
Ong, R. A.
Otte, A. N.
Pandel, D.
Perkins, J. S.
Pichel, A.
Pohl, M.
Quinn, J.
Ragan, K.
Reyes, L. C.
Reynolds, P. T.
Roache, E.
Rose, H. J.
Sembroski, G. H.
Smith, A. W.
Steele, D.
Theiling, M.
Thibadeau, S.
Varlotta, A.
Vassiliev, V. V.
Vincent, S.
Wakely, S. P.
Ward, J. E.
Weekes, T. C.
Weinstein, A.
Weisgarber, T.
Williams, D. A.
Wissel, S.
Wood, M.
Pian, E.
Vercellone, S.
Donnarumma, I.
D'Ammando, F.
Bulgarelli, A.
Chen, A. W.
Giuliani, A.
Longo, F.
Pacciani, L.
Pucella, G.
Vittorini, V.
Tavani, M.
Argan, A.
Barbiellini, G.
Caraveo, P.
Cattaneo, P. W.
Cocco, V.
Costa, E.
Del Monte, E.
De Paris, G.
Di Cocco, G.
Evangelista, Y.
Feroci, M.
Fiorini, M.
Froysland, T.
Frutti, M.
Fuschino, F.
Galli, M.
Gianotti, F.
Labanti, C.
Lapshov, I.
Lazzarotto, F.
Lipari, P.
Marisaldi, M.
Mastropietro, M.
Mereghetti, S.
Morelli, E.
Morselli, A.
Pellizzoni, A.
Perotti, F.
Piano, G.
Picozza, P.
Pilia, M.
Porrovecchio, G.
Prest, M.
Rapisarda, M.
Rappoldi, A.
Rubini, A.
Sabatini, S.
Soffitta, P.
Trifoglio, M.
Trois, A.
Vallazza, E.
Zambra, A.
Zanello, D.
Pittori, C.
Santolamazza, P.
Verrecchia, F.
Giommi, P.
Colafrancesco, S.
Salotti, L.
Villata, M.
Raiteri, C. M.
Aller, H. D.
Aller, M. F.
Arkharov, A. A.
Efimova, N. V.
Larionov, V. M.
Leto, P.
Ligustri, R.
Lindfors, E.
Pasanen, M.
Kurtanidze, O. M.
Tetradze, S. D.
Lahteenmaki, A.
Kotiranta, M.
Cucchiara, A.
Romano, P.
Nesci, R.
Pursimo, T.
Heidt, J.
Benitez, E.
Hiriart, D.
Nilsson, K.
Berdyugin, A.
Mujica, R.
Dultzin, D.
Lopez, J. M.
Mommert, M.
Sorcia, M.
de la Calle Perez, I.
CA VERITAS Collaboration
AGILE Team
TI MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF A TeV-FLARE FROM W COMAE
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE BL Lacertae objects: individual (W Com); gamma rays: observations
ID BL-LACERTAE OBJECTS; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS;
AGILE SPACE MISSION; BACKGROUND-RADIATION; VERITAS OBSERVATIONS; LAC
OBJECTS; SOURCE LIST; TELESCOPE; BLAZAR
AB We report results from an intensive multiwavelength campaign on the intermediate-frequency-peaked BL Lacertae object W Com (z = 0.102) during a strong outburst of very high energy gamma-ray emission in 2008 June. The very high energy gamma-ray signal was detected by VERITAS on 2008 June 7-8 with a flux F(>200 GeV) = (5.7 +/- 0.6) x 10(-11) cm(-2) s(-1), about three times brighter than during the discovery of gamma-ray emission from W Com by VERITAS in 2008 March. The initial detection of this flare by VERITAS at energies above 200 GeV was followed by observations in high-energy gamma rays (AGILE; E-gamma >= 100 MeV), X-rays (Swift and XMM-Newton), and at UV, and ground-based optical and radio monitoring through the GASP-WEBT consortium and other observatories. Here we describe the multiwavelength data and derive the spectral energy distribution of the source from contemporaneous data taken throughout the flare.
C1 [Acciari, V. A.; Benbow, W.; Galante, N.; Gibbs, K.; Perkins, J. S.; Roache, E.; Theiling, M.; Weekes, T. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
[Aliu, E.; Boltuch, D.; Holder, J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Aliu, E.; Boltuch, D.; Holder, J.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Aune, T.; Furniss, A.; Otte, A. N.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Aune, T.; Furniss, A.; Otte, A. N.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Beilicke, M.; Buckley, J. H.; Bugaev, V.; Dickherber, R.; Krawczynski, H.; McArthur, S.; Thibadeau, S.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Boettcher, M.] Ohio Univ, Inst Astrophys, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
[Bradbury, S. M.; Rose, H. J.] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
[Byrum, K.; Smith, A. W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Cannon, A.; Grube, J.; Quinn, J.; Ward, J. E.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland.
[Cesarini, A.; Gillanders, G. H.; Lang, M. J.] Natl Univ Ireland, Sch Phys, Galway, Ireland.
[Ciupik, L.; Fortson, L.; Gyuk, G.; Karlsson, N.; Steele, D.] Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA.
[Cogan, P.; Guenette, R.; Hanna, D.; Maier, G.; McCann, A.; McCutcheon, M.; Ragan, K.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
[Cui, W.; Finley, J. P.; Gall, D.; Sembroski, G. H.; Varlotta, A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Duke, C.] Grinnell Coll, Dept Phys, Grinnell, IA 50112 USA.
[Falcone, A.; Cucchiara, A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Fortin, P.] Columbia Univ Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Hui, C. M.; Kieda, D.; LeBohec, S.; Vincent, S.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Humensky, T. B.; Wakely, S. P.; Weisgarber, T.; Wissel, S.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Kaaret, P.; Pandel, D.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Kertzman, M.] Depauw Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA.
[Konopelko, A.] Pittsburg State Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburg, KS 66762 USA.
[Krennrich, F.; Pohl, M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Millis, J.] Anderson Univ, Dept Phys, Anderson, IN 46012 USA.
[Moriarty, P.] Galway Mayo Inst Technol, Dept Life & Phys Sci, Galway, Ireland.
[Ong, R. A.; Vassiliev, V. V.; Weinstein, A.; Wood, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Pichel, A.] Inst Astron & Fis Espacio, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Reyes, L. C.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Reynolds, P. T.] Cork Inst Technol, Dept Appl Phys & Instrumentat, Cork, Ireland.
[Pian, E.] Astron Observ Trieste, INAF, I-34143 Trieste, Italy.
[Pian, E.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Vercellone, S.; Romano, P.] IASF Palermo, INAF, I-90146 Palermo, Italy.
[Donnarumma, I.; D'Ammando, F.; Pacciani, L.; Vittorini, V.; Tavani, M.; Argan, A.; Cocco, V.; Costa, E.; Del Monte, E.; De Paris, G.; Evangelista, Y.; Feroci, M.; Froysland, T.; Frutti, M.; Lapshov, I.; Lazzarotto, F.; Piano, G.; Porrovecchio, G.; Rubini, A.; Soffitta, P.; Trois, A.] IASF Roma, INAF, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[D'Ammando, F.; Tavani, M.; Piano, G.; Sabatini, S.] Univ Tor Vergata, Dip Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Bulgarelli, A.; Di Cocco, G.; Fuschino, F.; Gianotti, F.; Labanti, C.; Marisaldi, M.; Morelli, E.; Perotti, F.; Trifoglio, M.] IASF Bologna, INAF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Chen, A. W.; Giuliani, A.; Caraveo, P.; Fiorini, M.; Mereghetti, S.; Pilia, M.; Zambra, A.] IASF Milano, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Chen, A. W.; Vittorini, V.] CIFS Torino, I-10133 Turin, Italy.
[Longo, F.; Barbiellini, G.; Vallazza, E.] Dip Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
[Longo, F.; Barbiellini, G.; Vallazza, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
[Pucella, G.; Rapisarda, M.] ENEA Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
[Cattaneo, P. W.; Rappoldi, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
[Froysland, T.; Morselli, A.; Picozza, P.; Sabatini, S.] INFN Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Galli, M.] ENEA Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Lipari, P.; Zanello, D.] INFN Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Mastropietro, M.] CNR, IMIP, Rome, Italy.
[Pellizzoni, A.; Pilia, M.] Astron Observ Cagliari, INAF, I-09012 Capoterra, Italy.
[Pilia, M.; Prest, M.] Univ Insubria, Dip Fis, I-22100 Como, Italy.
[Pittori, C.; Santolamazza, P.; Verrecchia, F.; Giommi, P.; Colafrancesco, S.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy.
[Salotti, L.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, I-00198 Rome, Italy.
[Villata, M.; Raiteri, C. M.] Osserv Astron Torino, INAF, Turin, Italy.
[Aller, H. D.; Aller, M. F.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Efimova, N. V.; Larionov, V. M.] St Petersburg State Univ, Astron Inst, St Petersburg, Russia.
[Leto, P.] Osserv Astrofis Catania, INAF, Catania, Italy.
[Ligustri, R.] Circolo Astrofili Talmassons, Talmassons, Italy.
[Lindfors, E.; Pasanen, M.; Nilsson, K.; Berdyugin, A.] Univ Turku, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuorla Observ, FI-21500 Piikki, Finland.
[Kurtanidze, O. M.; Tetradze, S. D.] Landessternwarte Heidelberg Konigstuhl, Heidelberg, Germany.
[Lahteenmaki, A.; Kotiranta, M.] Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, FIN-02540 Kylmala, Finland.
[Nesci, R.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Pursimo, T.] Nord Opt Telescope, E-38700 Santa Cruz De La Palma, Santa Cruz Tene, Spain.
[Heidt, J.; Mommert, M.] Landessternwarte Heidelberg, ZAH, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Benitez, E.; Dultzin, D.; Sorcia, M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Hiriart, D.; Lopez, J. M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.
[Mujica, R.] INAOEPP, Puebla 72840, Mexico.
[de la Calle Perez, I.] ESAC, INSA, Madrid, Spain.
RP Acciari, VA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
EM gernot.maier@mcgill.ca; pian@oats.inaf.it
RI Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Trifoglio, Massimo/F-5302-2015; Pittori,
Carlotta/C-7710-2016; Lazzarotto, Francesco/J-4670-2012; Larionov,
Valeri/H-1349-2013; Efimova, Natalia/I-2196-2013; Lahteenmaki,
Anne/L-5987-2013; Kurtanidze, Omar/J-6237-2014
OI Verrecchia, Francesco/0000-0003-3455-5082; Marisaldi,
Martino/0000-0002-4000-3789; Vercellone, Stefano/0000-0003-1163-1396;
Raiteri, Claudia Maria/0000-0003-1784-2784; MEREGHETTI,
SANDRO/0000-0003-3259-7801; Pandel, Dirk/0000-0003-2085-5586; Lang,
Mark/0000-0003-4641-4201; Tavani, Marco/0000-0003-2893-1459; Pian,
Elena/0000-0001-8646-4858; Leto, Paolo/0000-0003-4864-2806; Lazzarotto,
Francesco/0000-0003-4871-4072; Costa, Enrico/0000-0003-4925-8523;
Fiorini, Mauro/0000-0001-8297-1983; Bulgarelli,
Andrea/0000-0001-6347-0649; giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003;
Donnarumma, Immacolata/0000-0002-4700-4549; Pellizzoni, Alberto
Paolo/0000-0002-4590-0040; Sabatini, Sabina/0000-0003-2076-5767; Ward,
John E/0000-0003-1973-0794; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018;
PREST, MICHELA/0000-0003-3161-4454; Del Monte,
Ettore/0000-0002-3013-6334; trois, alessio/0000-0002-3180-6002; Labanti,
Claudio/0000-0002-5086-3619; Cui, Wei/0000-0002-6324-5772; Feroci,
Marco/0000-0002-7617-3421; Soffitta, Paolo/0000-0002-7781-4104; Picozza,
Piergiorgio/0000-0002-7986-3321; Cesarini, Andrea/0000-0002-8611-8610;
Villata, Massimo/0000-0003-1743-6946; Fuschino,
Fabio/0000-0003-2139-3299; Gianotti, Fulvio/0000-0003-4666-119X;
Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Trifoglio,
Massimo/0000-0002-2505-3630; Pittori, Carlotta/0000-0001-6661-9779;
galli, marcello/0000-0002-9135-3228; Cattaneo, Paolo
Walter/0000-0001-6877-6882; Pacciani, Luigi/0000-0001-6897-5996;
Larionov, Valeri/0000-0002-4640-4356; Efimova,
Natalia/0000-0002-8071-4753;
FU US Department of Energy; US National Science Foundation; Smithsonian
Institution; NSERC in Canada; Science Foundation Ireland; STFC in the
UK; Italian Space Agency [ASI-INAF I/088/06/0]; NSF; University of
Michigan; RFBR [09-02-00092]; NASA [NNX08AD67G]; Swift Guest
Investigator Program [NNX08AU13G]; Academy of Finland
FX This research is supported by grants from the US Department of Energy,
the US National Science Foundation, and the Smithsonian Institution, by
NSERC in Canada, by Science Foundation Ireland, and by STFC in the UK.
We acknowledge the excellent work of the technical support staff at the
FLWO and the collaborating institutions in the construction and
operation of the instrument. Financial support by the Italian Space
Agency through contract ASI-INAF I/088/06/0 is acknowledged. Support of
UMRAO from NSF and University of Michigan is acknowledged. N. V. E. and
V. M. L. acknowledge support from RFBR grant 09-02-00092. The GASP-WEBT
consortium is acknowledged. We acknowledge the efforts of the Swift team
for providing the UVOT and XRT observations. This work was partially
supported by NASA through XMM-Newton Guest Observer Program award No.
NNX08AD67G and the Swift Guest Investigator Program award No.
NNX08AU13G. The Metsahovi team acknowledges the support from the Academy
of Finland.
NR 48
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 1
U2 11
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 1
BP 612
EP 620
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/612
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 524SJ
UT WOS:000272162900048
ER
PT J
AU Lacour, S
Thiebaut, E
Perrin, G
Meimon, S
Haubois, X
Pedretti, E
Ridgway, ST
Monnier, JD
Berger, JP
Schuller, PA
Woodruff, H
Poncelet, A
Le Coroller, H
Millan-Gabet, R
Lacasse, M
Traub, W
AF Lacour, S.
Thiebaut, E.
Perrin, G.
Meimon, S.
Haubois, X.
Pedretti, E.
Ridgway, S. T.
Monnier, J. D.
Berger, J. P.
Schuller, P. A.
Woodruff, H.
Poncelet, A.
Le Coroller, H.
Millan-Gabet, R.
Lacasse, M.
Traub, W.
TI THE PULSATION OF chi CYGNI IMAGED BY OPTICAL INTERFEROMETRY: A NOVEL
TECHNIQUE TO DERIVE DISTANCE AND MASS OF MIRA STARS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE infrared: stars; stars: AGB and post-AGB; stars: fundamental parameters;
stars: individual (chi Cyg); techniques: interferometric
ID LONG-PERIOD VARIABLES; NEAR-INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY; ASYMPTOTIC GIANT
BRANCH; STELLAR INTERFEROMETRY; GALACTIC CEPHEIDS; HIPPARCOS CATALOG;
MODEL ATMOSPHERES; EVOLVED STARS; R LEONIS; SPECTROSCOPY
AB We present infrared interferometric imaging of the S-type Mira star chi Cygni. The object was observed at four different epochs in 2005-2006 with the Infrared-Optical Telescope Array optical interferometer ( H band). Images show up to 40% variation in the stellar diameter, as well as significant changes in the limb darkening and stellar inhomogeneities. Model fitting gave precise time-dependent values of the stellar diameter, and reveals presence and displacement of a warm molecular layer. The star radius, corrected for limb darkening, has a mean value of 12.1 mas and shows a 5.1 mas amplitude pulsation. Minimum diameter was observed at phase 0.94 +/- 0.01. Maximum temperature was observed several days later at phase 1.02 +/- 0.02. We also show that combining the angular acceleration of the molecular layer with CO (Delta v = 3) radial velocity measurements yields a 5.9 +/- 1.5 mas parallax. The constant acceleration of the CO molecules-during 80% of the pulsation cycle-lead us to argument for a free-falling layer. The acceleration is compatible with a gravitational field produced by a 2.1(-0.7)(+1.5) solar mass star. This last value is in agreement with fundamental mode pulsator models. We foresee increased development of techniques consisting in combining radial velocity with interferometric angular measurements, ultimately allowing total mapping of the speed, density, and position of the diverse species in pulsation-driven atmospheres.
C1 [Lacour, S.; Perrin, G.; Haubois, X.; Poncelet, A.] Observ Paris, CNRS, LESIA, UMR 8109, F-92190 Meudon, France.
[Thiebaut, E.] CNRS, Ctr Rech Astrophys Lyon, UMR 5574, F-69561 St Genis Laval, France.
[Meimon, S.] Off Natl Etud & Rech Aeronaut, DOTA, F-92322 Chatillon, France.
[Pedretti, E.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland.
[Ridgway, S. T.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA.
[Monnier, J. D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Berger, J. P.] CNRS, LAOG UMR 5571, F-38041 Grenoble, France.
[Berger, J. P.] Univ Grenoble 1, F-38041 Grenoble, France.
[Schuller, P. A.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, UMR 8617, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Woodruff, H.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, SIfA, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Le Coroller, H.] Observ Haute Provence, CNRS, OHP, F-04870 St Michel lObservatoire, France.
[Millan-Gabet, R.] CALTECH, Michelson Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Lacasse, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Traub, W.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Lacour, S (reprint author), Observ Paris, CNRS, LESIA, UMR 8109, F-92190 Meudon, France.
RI Haubois, Xavier/I-7026-2012
FU NASA [NNH09AK731]
FX We acknowledge with thanks the variable star observations from the AAVSO
International Database contributed by observers worldwide and used in
this research. S. T. R. acknowledges partial support from NASA grant
NNH09AK731.
NR 74
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 1
BP 632
EP 643
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/632
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 524SJ
UT WOS:000272162900050
ER
PT J
AU Gupta, A
Galeazzi, M
Koutroumpa, D
Smith, R
Lallement, R
AF Gupta, A.
Galeazzi, M.
Koutroumpa, D.
Smith, R.
Lallement, R.
TI PROPERTIES OF THE DIFFUSE X-RAY BACKGROUND TOWARD MBM20 WITH SUZAKU
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE X-rays: diffuse background
ID LOCAL BUBBLE; EMISSION; SPECTRA; MODELS
AB We used Suzaku observations of the molecular cloud MBM20 and a low neutral hydrogen column density region nearby to separate and characterize the foreground and background diffuse X-ray emission. A comparison with a previous observation of the same regions with XMM-Newton indicates a significant change in the foreground flux which is attributed to Solar Wind Charge eXchange (SWCX). The data have also been compared with previous results from similar "shadow" experiments and with a SWCX model to characterize its OVII and OVIII emission.
C1 [Gupta, A.; Galeazzi, M.] Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[Koutroumpa, D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Smith, R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Lallement, R.] CNRS, Serv Aeron, FR-91371 Verrieres Le Buisson, France.
RP Gupta, A (reprint author), Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
EM galeazzi@physiscs.miami.edu
RI XRAY, SUZAKU/A-1808-2009
NR 27
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 1
BP 644
EP 651
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/644
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 524SJ
UT WOS:000272162900051
ER
PT J
AU Morales, JC
Torres, G
Marschall, LA
Brehm, W
AF Carlos Morales, Juan
Torres, Guillermo
Marschall, Laurence A.
Brehm, William
TI ABSOLUTE DIMENSIONS OF THE G7+K7 ECLIPSING BINARY STAR IM VIRGINIS:
DISCREPANCIES WITH STELLAR EVOLUTION MODELS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE binaries: eclipsing; binaries: spectroscopic; stars: fundamental
parameters; stars: individual (IM Vir); stars: late-type
ID LOW-MASS STARS; LOWER MAIN-SEQUENCE; LINED SPECTROSCOPIC BINARIES;
COLOR-MAGNITUDE DIAGRAMS; INFRARED FLUX METHOD; TYPES LATE F; M-DWARFS;
LIGHT CURVES; EFFECTIVE TEMPERATURES; SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD
AB We report extensive spectroscopic and differential photometric BVRI observations of the active, detached, 1.309-day double-lined eclipsing binary IM Vir, composed of a G7-type primary and a K7 secondary. With these observations, we derive accurate absolute masses and radii of M(1) = 0.981 +/- 0.012M(circle dot), M(2) = 0.6644 +/- 0.0048M(circle dot), R(1) = 1.061 +/- 0.016R(circle dot), and R(2) = 0.681 +/- 0.013R(circle dot) for the primary and secondary, with relative errors under 2%. The effective temperatures are 5570 +/- 100 K and 4250 +/- 130 K, respectively. The significant difference in mass makes this a favorable case for comparison with stellar evolution theory. We find that both stars are larger than the models predict, by 3.7% for the primary and 7.5% for the secondary, as well as cooler than expected, by 100 K and 150 K, respectively. These discrepancies are in line with previously reported differences in low-mass stars, and are believed to be caused by chromospheric activity, which is not accounted for in current models. The effect is not confined to low-mass stars: the rapidly rotating primary of IM Vir joins the growing list of objects of near-solar mass (but still with convective envelopes) that show similar anomalies. The comparison with the models suggests an age of 2.4 Gyr for the system, and a metallicity of [Fe/H]approximate to -0.3 that is consistent with other indications, but requires confirmation.
C1 [Carlos Morales, Juan] IEEC, Barcelona 08034, Spain.
[Torres, Guillermo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Marschall, Laurence A.; Brehm, William] Gettysburg Coll, Dept Phys, Gettysburg, PA 17325 USA.
RP Morales, JC (reprint author), IEEC, Edif Nexus,C Gran Capita 2-4, Barcelona 08034, Spain.
EM morales@ieec.uab.es
RI Morales, Juan Carlos/H-5548-2015
OI Morales, Juan Carlos/0000-0003-0061-518X
FU Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion; Spanish Ministerio de
Educacion y Ciencia [AYA2006-15623-C02-01, AYA2006-15623-C02-02]; NSF
[AST-0708229]; Gettysburg College
FX We are grateful to I. Ribas and C. Jordi for useful discussions on the
implementation of the Wilson-Devinney code. We also thank F. Fekel for
communicating his v sin i measurements of IM Vir, and the anonymous
referee for helpful suggestions. The spectroscopic observations used in
this work were obtained with the able help of P. Berlind, M. Calkins, J.
Caruso, G. Esquerdo, R. Davis, E. Horine, D. Latham, R. Mathieu, D.
Silva, J. Stauffer, R. Stefanik, S. Tokarz, and J. Zajac. We also thank
R. Davis for maintaining the CfA echelle database. J. C. M. acknowledges
financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion
during the research stay at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for
Astrophysics, where most of this work was done, and from the Spanish
Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia via grants AYA2006-15623-C02-01 and
AYA2006-15623-C02-02. G. T. acknowledges partial support for this work
from NSF grant AST-0708229. L. M. and W. B. were supported by Gettysburg
College. Additional thanks go to David Kraft for preliminary data
reductions, and to Peter Mack and Garry Hummer for technical support at
the Gettysburg College Observatory. This research has made use of the
SIMBAD database and the VizieR catalog access tool, both operated at
CDS, Strasbourg, France, of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Abstract
Service, and of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey
(2MASS), which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and
the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of
Technology, funded by NASA and the NSF. We also made use of data
provided by the VSOP collaboration, through the VSOP wiki database
operated at ESO Chile and ESO Garching.
NR 69
TC 27
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 1
BP 671
EP 685
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/671
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 524SJ
UT WOS:000272162900054
ER
PT J
AU Greenhill, LJ
Kondratko, PT
Moran, JM
Tilak, A
AF Greenhill, Lincoln J.
Kondratko, Paul T.
Moran, James M.
Tilak, Avanti
TI DISCOVERY OF CANDIDATE H2O DISK MASERS IN ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI AND
ESTIMATIONS OF CENTRIPETAL ACCELERATIONS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE galaxies: active; galaxies: Seyfert; ISM: molecules; masers
ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; SKY REDSHIFT SURVEY; EXTRAGALACTIC WATER MASERS;
TULLY-FISHER RELATION; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; ACCRETION DISK; GEOMETRIC
DISTANCE; CIRCINUS GALAXY; BRIGHT GALAXIES; DARK ENERGY
AB Based on spectroscopic signatures, about one-third of known H2O maser sources in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are believed to arise in highly inclined accretion disks around central engines. These "disk maser candidates" are of interest primarily because angular structure and rotation curves can be resolved with interferometers, enabling dynamical study. We identify five new disk maser candidates in studies with the Green Bank Telescope, bringing the total number published to 30. We discovered two (NGC 1320, NGC 17) in a survey of 40 inclined active galaxies (nu(sys) < 20,000 km s(-1)). The remaining three disk maser candidates were identified in monitoring of known sources: NGC 449, NGC 2979, and NGC 3735. We also confirm a previously marginal case in UGC 4203. For the disk maser candidates reported here, inferred rotation speeds are 130-500 km s(-1). Monitoring of three more rapidly rotating candidate disks (CG 211, NGC 6264, VV 340A) has enabled measurement of likely orbital centripetal acceleration, and estimation of central masses ((2-7) x 10(7)M(circle dot)) and mean disk radii (0.2-0.4 pc). Accelerations may ultimately permit estimation of distances when combined with interferometer data. This is notable because the three AGNs are relatively distant (10,000 km s(-1) < nu(sys) < 15,000 km s(-1)), and fractional error in a derived Hubble constant, due to peculiar motion of the galaxies, would be small. As signposts of highly inclined geometries at galactocentric radii of similar to 0.1-1 pc, disk masers also provide robust orientation references that allow analysis of (mis) alignment between AGNs and surrounding galactic stellar disks, even without extensive interferometric mapping. We find no preference among published disk maser candidates to lie in high-inclination galaxies. This provides independent support for conclusions that in late-type galaxies, central engine accretion disks and galactic plane orientations are not correlated.
C1 [Greenhill, Lincoln J.; Kondratko, Paul T.; Moran, James M.; Tilak, Avanti] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Greenhill, LJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM greenhill@cfa.harvard.edu
FU GBT student support program [GSSP004-0005, GSSP004-0011]; NASA
[NNG05GK24G]; NRAO observing programs [GBT04C031, GBT05A-015,
GBT06A-056, AK629]
FX The graduate dissertation by P. K. contributed to this work. We thank M.
Elvis, E. Humphreys, and R. Narayan for helpful discussions. This work
benefitted from expert analysis of peculiar velocities and model flow
fields offered by K. Masters. We thank M. Reid for discussions and the
code used to fit the velocity drifts of maser features. We appreciate
support and assistance with GBT observing by J. Braatz, as well as
overall encouragement. We thank C. Bignell for telescope scheduling that
enabled the dissertation work, R. Maddalena for in-depth discussion of
calibration, and C. Barrett for her close reading and editorial
contributions. This research has made extensive use of the NED, which is
operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). This work was supported
by GBT student support program, grants GSSP004-0005 and GSSP004-0011,
and in part by grant NNG05GK24G from NASA. The results presented here
were obtained through NRAO observing programs GBT04C031, GBT05A-015,
GBT06A-056 (PI: Kondratko), and AK629 at the VLA.
NR 116
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 1
BP 787
EP 799
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/787
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 524SJ
UT WOS:000272162900065
ER
PT J
AU Huang, X
Morokuma, T
Fakhouri, HK
Aldering, G
Amanullah, R
Barbary, K
Brodwin, M
Connolly, NV
Dawson, KS
Doi, M
Faccioli, L
Fadeyev, V
Fruchter, AS
Goldhaber, G
Gladders, MD
Hennawi, JF
Ihara, Y
Jee, MJ
Kowalski, M
Konishi, K
Lidman, C
Meyers, J
Moustakas, LA
Perlmutter, S
Rubin, D
Schlegel, DJ
Spadafora, AL
Suzuki, N
Takanashi, N
Yasuda, N
AF Huang, X.
Morokuma, T.
Fakhouri, H. K.
Aldering, G.
Amanullah, R.
Barbary, K.
Brodwin, M.
Connolly, N. V.
Dawson, K. S.
Doi, M.
Faccioli, L.
Fadeyev, V.
Fruchter, A. S.
Goldhaber, G.
Gladders, M. D.
Hennawi, J. F.
Ihara, Y.
Jee, M. J.
Kowalski, M.
Konishi, K.
Lidman, C.
Meyers, J.
Moustakas, L. A.
Perlmutter, S.
Rubin, D.
Schlegel, D. J.
Spadafora, A. L.
Suzuki, N.
Takanashi, N.
Yasuda, N.
TI HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE DISCOVERY OF A z=3.9 MULTIPLY IMAGED GALAXY
BEHIND THE COMPLEX CLUSTER LENS WARPS J1415.1+36 AT z=1.026
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: clusters: individual (WARPS
J1415.1+36); gravitational lensing
ID X-RAY; SCALING RELATIONS; DARK-ENERGY; EVOLUTION; CAMERA; SAMPLE; ARCS
AB We report the discovery of a multiply lensed Ly alpha emitter at z = 3.90 behind the massive cluster WARPS J1415.1+3612 at z = 1.026. Images taken by the Hubble Space Telescope using the Advanced Camera for Surveys reveal a complex lensing system that produces a prominent, highly magnified arc and a triplet of smaller arcs grouped tightly around a spectroscopically confirmed cluster member. Spectroscopic observations using the Faint Object Camera and Spectrograph on Subaru confirm strong Lya emission in the source galaxy and provide the redshifts for more than 21 cluster members with a velocity dispersion of 807 +/- 185 km s(-1). Assuming a singular isothermal sphere profile, the mass within the Einstein ring (7.13 +/- 0.'' 38) corresponds to a central velocity dispersion of 686(-19)(+15) km s(-1) for the cluster, consistent with the value estimated from cluster member redshifts. Our mass profile estimate from combining strong lensing and dynamical analyses is in good agreement with both X-ray and weak lensing results.
C1 [Huang, X.; Fakhouri, H. K.; Barbary, K.; Goldhaber, G.; Hennawi, J. F.; Meyers, J.; Perlmutter, S.; Rubin, D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Morokuma, T.; Takanashi, N.] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan.
[Fakhouri, H. K.; Aldering, G.; Barbary, K.; Faccioli, L.; Goldhaber, G.; Meyers, J.; Perlmutter, S.; Rubin, D.; Schlegel, D. J.; Spadafora, A. L.; Suzuki, N.] EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Amanullah, R.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Albanova Univ Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Brodwin, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Connolly, N. V.] Hamilton Coll, Dept Phys, Clinton, NY 13323 USA.
[Dawson, K. S.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Doi, M.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Inst Astron, Tokyo 1810015, Japan.
[Fadeyev, V.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Fruchter, A. S.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Gladders, M. D.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Jee, M. J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Kowalski, M.] Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
[Konishi, K.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
[Lidman, C.] Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Moustakas, L. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Huang, X (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM xhuang@lbl.gov
RI Yasuda, Naoki/A-4355-2011; Perlmutter, Saul/I-3505-2015;
OI Perlmutter, Saul/0000-0002-4436-4661; Moustakas,
Leonidas/0000-0003-3030-2360
NR 38
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD DEC 10
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 1
BP L12
EP L16
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/L12
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 525MV
UT WOS:000272221100003
ER
PT J
AU Kirkpatrick, CC
Gitti, M
Cavagnolo, KW
McNamara, BR
David, LP
Nulsen, PEJ
Wise, MW
AF Kirkpatrick, C. C.
Gitti, M.
Cavagnolo, K. W.
McNamara, B. R.
David, L. P.
Nulsen, P. E. J.
Wise, M. W.
TI DIRECT EVIDENCE FOR OUTFLOW OF METAL-ENRICHED GAS ALONG THE RADIO JETS
OF HYDRA A
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: abundances; galaxies: active; X-rays: galaxies: clusters
ID COOLING-CORE CLUSTERS; INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM; ABUNDANCE PROFILES; A
CLUSTER; METALLICITY GRADIENTS; VORONOI TESSELLATIONS; CHEMICAL
ENRICHMENT; CENTRAL GALAXY; XMM-NEWTON; CHANDRA
AB Using deep Chandra observations of the Hydra A galaxy cluster, we examine the metallicity structure near the central galaxy and along its powerful radio source. We show that the metallicity of the intracluster medium is enhanced by up to 0.2 dex along the radio jets and lobes compared to the metallicity of the undisturbed gas. The enhancements extend from a radius of 20 kpc from the central galaxy to a distance of similar to 120 kpc. We estimate the total iron mass that has been transported out of the central galaxy to be between 2 x 10(7) M-circle dot and 7 x 10(7) M-circle dot, which represents 10%-30% of the iron mass within the central galaxy. The energy required to lift this gas is roughly 1% to 5% of the total energetic output of the active galactic nuclei. Evidently, Hydra A's powerful radio source is able to redistribute metal-enriched, low entropy gas throughout the core of the galaxy cluster. The short re-enrichment timescale < 10(9) yr implies that the metals lost from the central galaxy will be quickly replenished.
C1 [Kirkpatrick, C. C.; Cavagnolo, K. W.; McNamara, B. R.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Gitti, M.] Osservatorio Astron Bologna, INAF, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
[Gitti, M.] Univ Bologna, Dept Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
[Gitti, M.; McNamara, B. R.; David, L. P.; Nulsen, P. E. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[McNamara, B. R.] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada.
[Wise, M. W.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands.
[Wise, M. W.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands.
RP Kirkpatrick, CC (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, 200 Univ Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
OI Gitti, Myriam/0000-0002-0843-3009; Nulsen, Paul/0000-0003-0297-4493
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and Chandra
[G07-8122X]; ASI-INAF [I/088/06/0]
FX This work was supported by generous grants from the Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada and Chandra grant G07-8122X. M.
Gitti acknowledges support by grant ASI-INAF I/088/06/0.
NR 32
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 2041-8205
EI 2041-8213
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD DEC 10
PY 2009
VL 707
IS 1
BP L69
EP L72
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/L69
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 525MV
UT WOS:000272221100015
ER
PT J
AU Acciari, VA
Aliu, E
Arlen, T
Aune, T
Bautista, M
Beilicke, M
Benbow, W
Boltuch, D
Bradbury, SM
Buckley, JH
Bugaev, V
Byrum, K
Cannon, A
Celik, O
Cesarini, A
Chow, YC
Ciupik, L
Cogan, P
Colin, P
Cui, W
Dickherber, R
Duke, C
Fegan, SJ
Finley, JP
Finnegan, G
Fortin, P
Fortson, L
Furniss, A
Galante, N
Gall, D
Gibbs, K
Gillanders, GH
Godambe, S
Grube, J
Guenette, R
Gyuk, G
Hanna, D
Holder, J
Horan, D
Hui, CM
Humensky, TB
Imran, A
Kaaret, P
Karlsson, N
Kertzman, M
Kieda, D
Kildea, J
Konopelko, A
Krawczynski, H
Krennrich, F
Lang, MJ
LeBohec, S
Maier, G
McArthur, S
McCann, A
McCutcheon, M
Millis, J
Moriarty, P
Mukherjee, R
Nagai, T
Ong, RA
Otte, AN
Pandel, D
Perkins, JS
Pizlo, F
Pohl, M
Quinn, J
Ragan, K
Reyes, LC
Reynolds, PT
Roache, E
Rose, HJ
Schroedter, M
Sembroski, GH
Smith, AW
Steele, D
Swordy, SP
Theiling, M
Thibadeau, S
Varlotta, A
Vassiliev, VV
Vincent, S
Wagner, RG
Wakely, SP
Ward, JE
Weekes, TC
Weinstein, A
Weisgarber, T
Williams, DA
Wissel, S
Wood, M
Zitzer, B
AF Acciari, V. A.
Aliu, E.
Arlen, T.
Aune, T.
Bautista, M.
Beilicke, M.
Benbow, W.
Boltuch, D.
Bradbury, S. M.
Buckley, J. H.
Bugaev, V.
Byrum, K.
Cannon, A.
Celik, O.
Cesarini, A.
Chow, Y. C.
Ciupik, L.
Cogan, P.
Colin, P.
Cui, W.
Dickherber, R.
Duke, C.
Fegan, S. J.
Finley, J. P.
Finnegan, G.
Fortin, P.
Fortson, L.
Furniss, A.
Galante, N.
Gall, D.
Gibbs, K.
Gillanders, G. H.
Godambe, S.
Grube, J.
Guenette, R.
Gyuk, G.
Hanna, D.
Holder, J.
Horan, D.
Hui, C. M.
Humensky, T. B.
Imran, A.
Kaaret, P.
Karlsson, N.
Kertzman, M.
Kieda, D.
Kildea, J.
Konopelko, A.
Krawczynski, H.
Krennrich, F.
Lang, M. J.
LeBohec, S.
Maier, G.
McArthur, S.
McCann, A.
McCutcheon, M.
Millis, J.
Moriarty, P.
Mukherjee, R.
Nagai, T.
Ong, R. A.
Otte, A. N.
Pandel, D.
Perkins, J. S.
Pizlo, F.
Pohl, M.
Quinn, J.
Ragan, K.
Reyes, L. C.
Reynolds, P. T.
Roache, E.
Rose, H. J.
Schroedter, M.
Sembroski, G. H.
Smith, A. W.
Steele, D.
Swordy, S. P.
Theiling, M.
Thibadeau, S.
Varlotta, A.
Vassiliev, V. V.
Vincent, S.
Wagner, R. G.
Wakely, S. P.
Ward, J. E.
Weekes, T. C.
Weinstein, A.
Weisgarber, T.
Williams, D. A.
Wissel, S.
Wood, M.
Zitzer, B.
CA VERITAS Collaboration
TI A connection between star formation activity and cosmic rays in the
starburst galaxy M82
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIO; EMISSION; CLUSTERS; MODEL
AB Although Galactic cosmic rays (protons and nuclei) are widely believed to be mainly accelerated by the winds and supernovae of massive stars, definitive evidence of this origin remains elusive nearly a century after their discovery(1). The active regions of star-burst galaxies have exceptionally high rates of star formation, and their large size-more than 50 times the diameter of similar Galactic regions-uniquely enables reliable calorimetric measurements of their potentially high cosmic-ray density(2). The cosmic rays produced in the formation, life and death of massive stars in these regions are expected to produce diffuse gamma-ray emission through interactions with interstellar gas and radiation. M82, the prototype small starburst galaxy, is predicted(3,4) to be the brightest starburst galaxy in terms of gamma-ray emission. Here we report the detection of >700-GeV gamma-rays from M82. From these data we determine a cosmic-ray density of 250 eV cm(-3) in the starburst core, which is about 500 times the average Galactic density. This links cosmic-ray acceleration to star formation activity, and suggests that supernovae and massive-star winds are the dominant accelerators.
C1 [Acciari, V. A.; Benbow, W.; Galante, N.; Gibbs, K.; Kildea, J.; Perkins, J. S.; Roache, E.; Theiling, M.; Weekes, T. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
[Acciari, V. A.; Aliu, E.; Boltuch, D.; Holder, J.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Acciari, V. A.; Aliu, E.; Boltuch, D.; Holder, J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Acciari, V. A.; Arlen, T.; Celik, O.; Chow, Y. C.; Fegan, S. J.; Ong, R. A.; Vassiliev, V. V.; Weinstein, A.; Wood, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Aune, T.; Furniss, A.; Otte, A. N.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Aune, T.; Furniss, A.; Otte, A. N.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Bautista, M.; Cogan, P.; Guenette, R.; Hanna, D.; Maier, G.; McCann, A.; McCutcheon, M.; Ragan, K.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
[Beilicke, M.; Buckley, J. H.; Bugaev, V.; Dickherber, R.; Krawczynski, H.; McArthur, S.; Thibadeau, S.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Bradbury, S. M.; Rose, H. J.] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
[Byrum, K.; Smith, A. W.; Wagner, R. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Cannon, A.; Grube, J.; Quinn, J.; Ward, J. E.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland.
[Cesarini, A.; Gillanders, G. H.; Lang, M. J.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Galway, Sch Phys, Galway, Ireland.
[Ciupik, L.; Fortson, L.; Gyuk, G.; Karlsson, N.; Steele, D.] Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA.
[Colin, P.; Finnegan, G.; Godambe, S.; Hui, C. M.; Kieda, D.; LeBohec, S.; Vincent, S.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Cui, W.; Finley, J. P.; Gall, D.; Pizlo, F.; Sembroski, G. H.; Varlotta, A.; Zitzer, B.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Duke, C.] Grinnell Coll, Dept Phys, Grinnell, IA 50112 USA.
[Fortin, P.; Mukherjee, R.] Columbia Univ Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
[Humensky, T. B.; Swordy, S. P.; Weisgarber, T.; Wissel, S.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Imran, A.; Krennrich, F.; Nagai, T.; Pohl, M.; Schroedter, M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Kaaret, P.; Pandel, D.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Kertzman, M.] Depauw Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA.
[Konopelko, A.] Pittsburg State Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburg, KS 66762 USA.
[Millis, J.] Anderson Univ, Dept Phys, Anderson, IN 46012 USA.
[Moriarty, P.] Galway Mayo Inst Technol, Dept Life & Phys Sci, Galway, Ireland.
[Reyes, L. C.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Reynolds, P. T.] Cork Inst Technol, Dept Appl Phys & Instrumentat, Cork, Ireland.
RP Benbow, W (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
EM wbenbow@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Cui, Wei/0000-0002-6324-5772; Cesarini, Andrea/0000-0002-8611-8610;
Ward, John E/0000-0003-1973-0794; Otte, Adam
Nepomuk/0000-0002-5955-6383; Pandel, Dirk/0000-0003-2085-5586; Lang,
Mark/0000-0003-4641-4201
FU US Department of Energy; US National Science Foundation; Smithsonian
Institution; National Science and Engineering Research Council of
Canada; Science Foundation Ireland; UK Science and Technology Facilities
Council
FX This research is supported by grants from the US Department of Energy,
the US National Science Foundation and the Smithsonian Institution, and
by the National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada,
Science Foundation Ireland and the UK Science and Technology Facilities
Council. We acknowledge the excellent work of the technical support
staff at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory and the institutions that
collaborated in the construction and operation of the VERITAS array.
NR 29
TC 98
Z9 99
U1 1
U2 8
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD DEC 10
PY 2009
VL 462
IS 7274
BP 770
EP 772
DI 10.1038/nature08557
PG 3
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 529ZZ
UT WOS:000272559900034
ER
PT J
AU Isler, ML
Isler, PR
Whitney, BM
Zimmer, KJ
Whittaker, A
AF Isler, Morton L.
Isler, Phyllis R.
Whitney, Bret M.
Zimmer, Kevin J.
Whittaker, Andrew
TI Species limits in antbirds (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae): an
evaluation of Frederickena unduligera (Undulated Antshrike) based on
vocalizations
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE speciation; Neotropics; Frederickena; systematics; vocalizations;
Thamnophilidae
AB The Undulated Antshrike, Frederickena unduligera, a resident of lowland humid forests of western Amazonia, is somewhat poorly known as a result of its low population density and retiring habits. In recent years, vocalizations of F. unduligera have been recorded sufficiently to permit geographic analysis. Vocalizations supply valuable measures of species limits for antbirds, whose vocalizations are thought not to be learned. Based on vocalizations, we found that populations of the Undulated Antshrike are more appropriately considered as two biological species. Three populations considered subspecies of F. unduligera await further evaluation pending the acquisition of additional vocal recordings, specimens, and tissue for genetic analysis.
C1 [Isler, Morton L.; Isler, Phyllis R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool Birds, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Whitney, Bret M.] Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Zimmer, Kevin J.] Los Angeles Cty Museum Nat Hist, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA.
[Whittaker, Andrew] Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Belem, Para, Brazil.
RP Isler, ML (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool Birds, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM antbird@cox.net; ictinia@earthlink.net; kjzimmer@charter.net;
Andrew@birdingbraziltours.com
FU Macaulay Library; Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology
FX The analysis was made possible by the contributions of the recordists
listed in the Appendix. We are grateful to M. Cohn-Haft for providing
field observations. We appreciate the continuing support of the Macaulay
Library, Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology (G. Budney). J. V. Remsen,
Jr., an anonymous reviewer, and editor R. T. Chesser made helpful
suggestions for improving the manuscript.
NR 15
TC 6
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD DEC 7
PY 2009
IS 2305
BP 61
EP 68
PG 8
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 528TS
UT WOS:000272470500005
ER
PT J
AU Duffy, JE
Canuel, EA
Adey, W
Swaddle, JP
AF Duffy, J. Emmett
Canuel, Elizabeth A.
Adey, Walter
Swaddle, John P.
TI Biofuels: Algae
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
ID MICROALGAE; BIODIESEL
C1 [Duffy, J. Emmett; Canuel, Elizabeth A.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Adey, Walter] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Swaddle, John P.] Coll William & Mary, Environm Sci & Policy Program, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
RP Duffy, JE (reprint author), Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
EM jeduffy@vims.edu
RI Adey, Walter/G-2858-2011
NR 3
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 50
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD DEC 4
PY 2009
VL 326
IS 5958
BP 1345
EP 1345
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 527EX
UT WOS:000272351100015
PM 19965739
ER
PT J
AU Venter, O
Laurance, WF
Iwamura, T
Wilson, KA
Fuller, RA
Possingham, HP
AF Venter, Oscar
Laurance, William F.
Iwamura, Takuya
Wilson, Kerrie A.
Fuller, Richard A.
Possingham, Hugh P.
TI Harnessing Carbon Payments to Protect Biodiversity
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID FORESTS
C1 [Venter, Oscar; Iwamura, Takuya; Wilson, Kerrie A.; Fuller, Richard A.; Possingham, Hugh P.] Univ Queensland, Ctr Ecol, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Laurance, William F.] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia.
[Laurance, William F.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
RP Venter, O (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Ctr Ecol, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
EM oventer@uq.edu.au
RI Possingham, Hugh/B-1337-2008; Iwamura, Takuya/C-4460-2011; Venter,
Oscar/G-6893-2011; Laurance, William/B-2709-2012; Fuller,
Richard/B-7971-2008; Wilson, Kerrie/C-8058-2009
OI iwamura, takuya/0000-0002-3740-7758; Possingham,
Hugh/0000-0001-7755-996X; Fuller, Richard/0000-0001-9468-9678; Wilson,
Kerrie/0000-0002-0092-935X
NR 6
TC 120
Z9 122
U1 5
U2 84
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD DEC 4
PY 2009
VL 326
IS 5958
BP 1368
EP 1368
DI 10.1126/science.1180289
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 527EX
UT WOS:000272351100032
PM 19965752
ER
PT J
AU Tavani, M
Bulgarelli, A
Piano, G
Sabatini, S
Striani, E
Evangelista, Y
Trois, A
Pooley, G
Trushkin, S
Nizhelskij, NA
McCollough, M
Koljonen, KII
Pucella, G
Giuliani, A
Chen, AW
Costa, E
Vittorini, V
Trifoglio, M
Gianotti, F
Argan, A
Barbiellini, G
Caraveo, P
Cattaneo, PW
Cocco, V
Contessi, T
D'Ammando, F
Del Monte, E
De Paris, G
Di Cocco, G
Di Persio, G
Donnarumma, I
Feroci, M
Ferrari, A
Fuschino, F
Galli, M
Labanti, C
Lapshov, I
Lazzarotto, F
Lipari, P
Longo, F
Mattaini, E
Marisaldi, M
Mastropietro, M
Mauri, A
Mereghetti, S
Morelli, E
Morselli, A
Pacciani, L
Pellizzoni, A
Perotti, F
Picozza, P
Pilia, M
Prest, M
Rapisarda, M
Rappoldi, A
Rossi, E
Rubini, A
Scalise, E
Soffitta, P
Vallazza, E
Vercellone, S
Zambra, A
Zanello, D
Pittori, C
Verrecchia, F
Giommi, P
Colafrancesco, S
Santolamazza, P
Antonelli, A
Salotti, L
AF Tavani, M.
Bulgarelli, A.
Piano, G.
Sabatini, S.
Striani, E.
Evangelista, Y.
Trois, A.
Pooley, G.
Trushkin, S.
Nizhelskij, N. A.
McCollough, M.
Koljonen, K. I. I.
Pucella, G.
Giuliani, A.
Chen, A. W.
Costa, E.
Vittorini, V.
Trifoglio, M.
Gianotti, F.
Argan, A.
Barbiellini, G.
Caraveo, P.
Cattaneo, P. W.
Cocco, V.
Contessi, T.
D'Ammando, F.
Del Monte, E.
De Paris, G.
Di Cocco, G.
Di Persio, G.
Donnarumma, I.
Feroci, M.
Ferrari, A.
Fuschino, F.
Galli, M.
Labanti, C.
Lapshov, I.
Lazzarotto, F.
Lipari, P.
Longo, F.
Mattaini, E.
Marisaldi, M.
Mastropietro, M.
Mauri, A.
Mereghetti, S.
Morelli, E.
Morselli, A.
Pacciani, L.
Pellizzoni, A.
Perotti, F.
Picozza, P.
Pilia, M.
Prest, M.
Rapisarda, M.
Rappoldi, A.
Rossi, E.
Rubini, A.
Scalise, E.
Soffitta, P.
Vallazza, E.
Vercellone, S.
Zambra, A.
Zanello, D.
Pittori, C.
Verrecchia, F.
Giommi, P.
Colafrancesco, S.
Santolamazza, P.
Antonelli, A.
Salotti, L.
TI Extreme particle acceleration in the microquasar Cygnus X-3
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID FALSE-DISCOVERY RATE; X-RAY; EMISSION-LINES; RADIO; JET
AB Super-massive black holes in active galaxies can accelerate particles to relativistic energies(1), producing jets with associated c-ray emission. Galactic 'microquasars', which are binary systems consisting of a neutron star or stellar-mass black hole accreting gas from a companion star, also produce relativistic jets, generally together with radio flares(2). Apart from an isolated event detected(3) in Cygnus X-1, there has hitherto been no systematic evidence for the acceleration of particles to gigaelectronvolt or higher energies in a microquasar, with the consequence that we are as yet unsure about the mechanism of jet energization. Here we report four gamma-ray flares with energies above 100 MeV from the microquasar Cygnus X-3 (an exceptional X-ray binary(4-6) that sporadically produces radio jets(7-9)). There is a clear pattern of temporal correlations between the c-ray flares and transitional spectral states of the radio-frequency and X-ray emission. Particle acceleration occurred a few days before radio-jet ejections for two of the four flares, meaning that the process of jet formation implies the production of very energetic particles. In Cygnus X-3, particle energies during the flares can be thousands of times higher than during quiescent states.
C1 [Tavani, M.; Piano, G.; Evangelista, Y.; Trois, A.; Costa, E.; Vittorini, V.; Argan, A.; D'Ammando, F.; Del Monte, E.; De Paris, G.; Di Persio, G.; Donnarumma, I.; Feroci, M.; Lazzarotto, F.; Pacciani, L.; Rubini, A.; Scalise, E.; Soffitta, P.] INAF IASF Roma, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Tavani, M.; Sabatini, S.; Striani, E.; Cocco, V.; D'Ammando, F.; Picozza, P.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Tavani, M.; Chen, A. W.; Vittorini, V.; Barbiellini, G.; Ferrari, A.; Zambra, A.] Consorzio Interuniv Fis Spaziale, I-10133 Turin, Italy.
[Tavani, M.; Piano, G.; Sabatini, S.; Striani, E.; Morselli, A.; Picozza, P.] INFN Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Bulgarelli, A.; Trifoglio, M.; Gianotti, F.; Di Cocco, G.; Fuschino, F.; Labanti, C.; Marisaldi, M.; Mauri, A.; Morelli, E.] INAF IASF Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Pooley, G.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Astrophys Grp, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England.
[Trushkin, S.; Nizhelskij, N. A.] RAS, Special Astrophys Observ, Nizhnii Arkhyz 36916, Russia.
[McCollough, M.] Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Koljonen, K. I. I.] TKK Metsahovi Radio Observ, Kylmala 02540, Finland.
[Pucella, G.; Rapisarda, M.] ENEA Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, RM, Italy.
[Giuliani, A.; Chen, A. W.; Caraveo, P.; Contessi, T.; Mereghetti, S.; Perotti, F.; Zambra, A.] INAF IASF Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
[Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.; Vallazza, E.] INFN Trieste, I-34012 Trieste, Italy.
[Cattaneo, P. W.; Rappoldi, A.] INFN Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
[Ferrari, A.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
[Galli, M.] ENEA Bologna, I-40128 Bologna, Italy.
[Lapshov, I.] IKI, Moscow 117997, Russia.
[Lipari, P.; Zanello, D.] INFN Roma 1, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Lipari, P.; Zanello, D.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Mastropietro, M.] CNR, IMIP, I-00016 Rome, Italy.
[Pellizzoni, A.; Pilia, M.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, I-09012 Cagliari, Italy.
[Pilia, M.; Prest, M.] Univ Insubria, Dipartimento Fis, I-22100 Como, Italy.
[Vercellone, S.] INAF IASF Palermo, I-90146 Palermo, Italy.
[Pittori, C.; Verrecchia, F.; Giommi, P.; Colafrancesco, S.; Santolamazza, P.] ESRIN, ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
[Antonelli, A.] Osserv Astron Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy.
[Salotti, L.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, I-00198 Rome, Italy.
RP Tavani, M (reprint author), INAF IASF Roma, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
EM pi.agile@iasf-roma.inaf.it
RI Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Lazzarotto, Francesco/J-4670-2012;
Trifoglio, Massimo/F-5302-2015; Pittori, Carlotta/C-7710-2016;
OI Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; PREST,
MICHELA/0000-0003-3161-4454; Verrecchia, Francesco/0000-0003-3455-5082;
Marisaldi, Martino/0000-0002-4000-3789; Vercellone,
Stefano/0000-0003-1163-1396; MEREGHETTI, SANDRO/0000-0003-3259-7801;
Koljonen, Karri/0000-0002-9677-1533; Tavani, Marco/0000-0003-2893-1459;
Feroci, Marco/0000-0002-7617-3421; Soffitta, Paolo/0000-0002-7781-4104;
Picozza, Piergiorgio/0000-0002-7986-3321; Fuschino,
Fabio/0000-0003-2139-3299; Gianotti, Fulvio/0000-0003-4666-119X;
Lazzarotto, Francesco/0000-0003-4871-4072; Costa,
Enrico/0000-0003-4925-8523; Bulgarelli, Andrea/0000-0001-6347-0649;
giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; Donnarumma,
Immacolata/0000-0002-4700-4549; Pellizzoni, Alberto
Paolo/0000-0002-4590-0040; Sabatini, Sabina/0000-0003-2076-5767; trois,
alessio/0000-0002-3180-6002; Labanti, Claudio/0000-0002-5086-3619;
Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Trifoglio,
Massimo/0000-0002-2505-3630; Pittori, Carlotta/0000-0001-6661-9779;
Vallazza, Erik Silvio/0000-0002-7465-7430; galli,
marcello/0000-0002-9135-3228; Cattaneo, Paolo
Walter/0000-0001-6877-6882; Pacciani, Luigi/0000-0001-6897-5996; Del
Monte, Ettore/0000-0002-3013-6334
FU Italian Institute of Astrophysics and the Italian Institute of Nuclear
Physics
FX The AGILE mission is funded by the Italian Space Agency with scientific
and programmatic participation by the Italian Institute of Astrophysics
and the Italian Institute of Nuclear Physics.
NR 26
TC 98
Z9 98
U1 1
U2 9
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD DEC 3
PY 2009
VL 462
IS 7273
BP 620
EP 623
DI 10.1038/nature08578
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 526HH
UT WOS:000272277900034
PM 19935645
ER
PT J
AU Gal-Yam, A
Mazzali, P
Ofek, EO
Nugent, PE
Kulkarni, SR
Kasliwal, MM
Quimby, RM
Filippenko, AV
Cenko, SB
Chornock, R
Waldman, R
Kasen, D
Sullivan, M
Beshore, EC
Drake, AJ
Thomas, RC
Bloom, JS
Poznanski, D
Miller, AA
Foley, RJ
Silverman, JM
Arcavi, I
Ellis, RS
Deng, J
AF Gal-Yam, A.
Mazzali, P.
Ofek, E. O.
Nugent, P. E.
Kulkarni, S. R.
Kasliwal, M. M.
Quimby, R. M.
Filippenko, A. V.
Cenko, S. B.
Chornock, R.
Waldman, R.
Kasen, D.
Sullivan, M.
Beshore, E. C.
Drake, A. J.
Thomas, R. C.
Bloom, J. S.
Poznanski, D.
Miller, A. A.
Foley, R. J.
Silverman, J. M.
Arcavi, I.
Ellis, R. S.
Deng, J.
TI Supernova 2007bi as a pair-instability explosion
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; SPECTRA; STARS
AB Stars with initialmasses such that 10M(circle dot) <= M(initial) <= 100M(circle dot), where M(circle dot) is the solar mass, fuse progressively heavier elements in their centres, until the core is inert iron. The core then gravitationally collapses to a neutron star or a black hole, leading to an explosion-an iron-core-collapse supernova(1,2). By contrast, extremely massive stars with M(initial) >= 140M(circle dot) (if such exist) develop oxygen cores with masses, M(core), that exceed 50M(circle dot), where high temperatures are reached at relatively low densities. Conversion of energetic, pressure-supporting photons into electron-positron pairs occurs before oxygen ignition and leads to a violent contraction which triggers a nuclear explosion(3-5) that unbinds the star in a pair-instability supernova. Transitional objects with 100M(circle dot) < M(initial) < 140M(circle dot) may end up as iron-core-collapse supernovae following violent mass ejections, perhaps as a result of brief episodes of pair instability, and may already have been identified(6-8). Here we report observations of supernova SN 2007bi, a luminous, slowly evolving object located within a dwarf galaxy. We estimate the exploding core mass to be M(core) approximate to 100M(circle dot), in which case theory unambiguously predicts a pair-instability supernova. We show that >3M(circle dot) of radioactive (56)Ni was synthesized during the explosion and that our observations are well fitted by models of pair-instability supernovae(9,10). This indicates that nearby dwarf galaxies probably host extremely massive stars, above the apparent Galactic stellar mass limit(11), which perhaps result from processes similar to those that created the first stars in the Universe.
C1 [Gal-Yam, A.; Arcavi, I.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Fac Phys, Benoziyo Ctr Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
[Mazzali, P.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Mazzali, P.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Ofek, E. O.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Kasliwal, M. M.; Quimby, R. M.; Drake, A. J.; Ellis, R. S.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Nugent, P. E.; Thomas, R. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Filippenko, A. V.; Cenko, S. B.; Chornock, R.; Bloom, J. S.; Poznanski, D.; Miller, A. A.; Silverman, J. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Waldman, R.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel.
[Kasen, D.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Sullivan, M.] Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
[Beshore, E. C.] Univ Arizona, Dept Planetary Sci, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Foley, R. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Deng, J.] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China.
RP Gal-Yam, A (reprint author), Weizmann Inst Sci, Fac Phys, Benoziyo Ctr Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
EM avishay.gal-yam@weizmann.ac.il
OI Sullivan, Mark/0000-0001-9053-4820; Gal-Yam, Avishay/0000-0002-3653-5598
FU US National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA);
Weizmann-Minerva grant; Israeli Science Foundation; European Union
Seventh Framework Programme Marie Curie IRG fellowship; Benoziyo Center
for Astrophysics; Peter and Patricia Gruber Awards; William Z. and Eda
Bess Novick New Scientists Fund; US Department of Energy's Scientific
Discovery; US National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy;
TABASGO Foundation; Gary and Cynthia Bengier; Richard and Rhoda Goldman
Fund; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Chinese 973 Program;
W. M. Keck Foundation; NASA
FX We gratefully acknowledge advice and help from E. Pian and discussions
with Z. Barkat, E. Livne, E. Nakar, N. Langer and P. Podsiadlowski. This
work benefited from useful interaction during the Fireworks meetings
held at the Weizmann Institute ( 2008) and at the University of Bonn (
2009). Work related to the CSS data reported here was supported by the
US National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA) under a grant
issued through the Science Mission Directorate Near-Earth Object
Observations program. The joint work of A. G.-Y. and P. M. is supported
by a Weizmann-Minerva grant. A. G.-Y. acknowledges support from the
Israeli Science Foundation, a European Union Seventh Framework Programme
Marie Curie IRG fellowship, the Benoziyo Center for Astrophysics, a
research grant from the Peter and Patricia Gruber Awards, and the
William Z. and Eda Bess Novick New Scientists Fund at the Weizmann
Institute. P. E. N. is supported by the US Department of Energy's
Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing programme. The A. V. F.
group at the University of California, Berkeley is grateful for
financial support from the US National Science Foundation, the US
Department of Energy, the TABASGO Foundation, Gary and Cynthia Bengier,
and the Richard and Rhoda Goldman Fund. J. D. is supported by the
National Natural Science Foundation of China and by the Chinese 973
Program. This work is based in part on data from the W. M. Keck
Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the
California Institute of Technology, the University of California and
NASA; it was made possible by the generous financial support of the W.
M. Keck Foundation. This work made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic
Database, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. R. C. T. is a Luis W.
Alvarez Fellow at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. R. J. F is
a Clay Fellow at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.
NR 30
TC 208
Z9 208
U1 0
U2 13
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD DEC 3
PY 2009
VL 462
IS 7273
BP 624
EP 627
DI 10.1038/nature08579
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 526HH
UT WOS:000272277900035
PM 19956255
ER
PT J
AU Regier, JC
Zwick, A
Cummings, MP
Kawahara, AY
Cho, S
Weller, S
Roe, A
Baixeras, J
Brown, JW
Parr, C
Davis, DR
Epstein, M
Hallwachs, W
Hausmann, A
Janzen, DH
Kitching, IJ
Solis, MA
Yen, SH
Bazinet, AL
Mitter, C
AF Regier, Jerome C.
Zwick, Andreas
Cummings, Michael P.
Kawahara, Akito Y.
Cho, Soowon
Weller, Susan
Roe, Amanda
Baixeras, Joaquin
Brown, John W.
Parr, Cynthia
Davis, Donald R.
Epstein, Marc
Hallwachs, Winifred
Hausmann, Axel
Janzen, Daniel H.
Kitching, Ian J.
Solis, M. Alma
Yen, Shen-Horn
Bazinet, Adam L.
Mitter, Charles
TI Toward reconstructing the evolution of advanced moths and butterflies
(Lepidoptera: Ditrysia): an initial molecular study
SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CODING NUCLEAR GENES; BAYESIAN PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE; POSTERIOR
PROBABILITY; HIGHER CLASSIFICATION; TREE SELECTION; SEQUENCE DATA;
MITOCHONDRIAL; SUBSTITUTION; BOOTSTRAP; GLOSSATA
AB Background: In the mega-diverse insect order Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths; 165,000 described species), deeper relationships are little understood within the clade Ditrysia, to which 98% of the species belong. To begin addressing this problem, we tested the ability of five protein-coding nuclear genes (6.7 kb total), and character subsets therein, to resolve relationships among 123 species representing 27 (of 33) superfamilies and 55 (of 100) families of Ditrysia under maximum likelihood analysis.
Results: Our trees show broad concordance with previous morphological hypotheses of ditrysian phylogeny, although most relationships among superfamilies are weakly supported. There are also notable surprises, such as a consistently closer relationship of Pyraloidea than of butterflies to most Macrolepidoptera. Monophyly is significantly rejected by one or more character sets for the putative clades Macrolepidoptera as currently defined (P < 0.05) and Macrolepidoptera excluding Noctuoidea and Bombycoidea sensu lato (P <= 0.005), and nearly so for the superfamily Drepanoidea as currently defined (P < 0.08). Superfamilies are typically recovered or nearly so, but usually without strong support. Relationships within superfamilies and families, however, are often robustly resolved. We provide some of the first strong molecular evidence on deeper splits within Pyraloidea, Tortricoidea, Geometroidea, Noctuoidea and others.
Separate analyses of mostly synonymous versus non-synonymous character sets revealed notable differences (though not strong conflict), including a marked influence of compositional heterogeneity on apparent signal in the third codon position (nt3). As available model partitioning methods cannot correct for this variation, we assessed overall phylogeny resolution through separate examination of trees from each character set. Exploration of "tree space" with GARLI, using grid computing, showed that hundreds of searches are typically needed to find the best-feasible phylogeny estimate for these data.
Conclusion: Our results (a) corroborate the broad outlines of the current working phylogenetic hypothesis for Ditrysia, (b) demonstrate that some prominent features of that hypothesis, including the position of the butterflies, need revision, and (c) resolve the majority of family and subfamily relationships within superfamilies as thus far sampled. Much further gene and taxon sampling will be needed, however, to strongly resolve individual deeper nodes.
C1 [Kawahara, Akito Y.; Cho, Soowon; Mitter, Charles] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Regier, Jerome C.; Zwick, Andreas] Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Ctr Biosyst Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Cummings, Michael P.; Bazinet, Adam L.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Biol, Lab Mol Evolut, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Cho, Soowon] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Plant Med, Cheongju 361763, South Korea.
[Weller, Susan; Roe, Amanda] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Roe, Amanda] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
[Baixeras, Joaquin] Univ Valencia, Cavanilles Inst Biodivers & Evolutionary Biol, Valencia 46071, Spain.
[Brown, John W.; Solis, M. Alma] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Davis, Donald R.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Epstein, Marc] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Plant Pest Diagnost Branch, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA.
[Hallwachs, Winifred; Janzen, Daniel H.] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Hausmann, Axel] Bavarian State Collect Zool, D-81247 Munich, Germany.
[Kitching, Ian J.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Entomol, London SW7 5BD, England.
[Yen, Shen-Horn] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
RP Mitter, C (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM regier@umbi.umd.edu; zwick@umbi.umd.edu; mike@umiacs.umd.edu;
kawahara@umd.edu; soowon@umd.edu; welle008@umn.edu; aroe@ualberta.ca;
joaquin.baixeras@uv.es; john.brown@ars.usda.gov; parrc@si.edu;
davisd@si.edu; mepstein@cfda.ca.gov; whallwac@sas.upenn.edu;
axel.hausmann@zsm.mwn.de; djanzen@sas.upenn.edu; i.kitching@nhm.ac.uk;
alma.solis@ars.usda.gov; shenhornyen@hotmail.com;
pknut777@umiacs.umd.edu; cmitter@umd.edu
RI Roe, Amanda/A-3902-2013; Parr, Cynthia/E-8013-2010; Baixeras,
Joaquin/L-1734-2014; Zwick, Andreas/A-5735-2015
OI Parr, Cynthia/0000-0002-8870-7099; Baixeras,
Joaquin/0000-0002-6092-0496;
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [0531626, 0531769]; NSF [BSR 9024770,
DEB 9306296, 9400829, 9705072, 0072730, 0515699]
FX We are greatly indebted to generous colleagues for supplying specimens
for this study, including J. K. Adams, D. Adamski, K. Nishida, V.
Becker, N. Bloomfield, T. Burbidge, J. Farr, G. Clarke, R. F. Denno, E.
Edwards, M. Fibiger, T. Friedlander, J. Giebultowicz, R.J.B. Hoare, K.
R. Horst, R. Hutchings, N. Hyde'n, W. Kelly, R. LeClerc, M. J. Matthews,
N. McFarland, D. Messersmith, A. Mitchell, R. Poole, K.-T. Park, J. O.
Nelson, E. S. Nielsen, R. S. Peigler, K. Pullen, R. Robertson, G.
Tremewan, A. Venables, A. Willis, and K. Wolfe. Suwei Zhao and Kongyi
Jiang provided technical assistance, and K. Mitter made essential
contributions as specimen collection and database manager. We are
grateful to M. Mutanen, L. Kaila, N. Wahlberg for permission to cite
their work in progress. We thank D. Sean Brady, Sonja Scheffer and the
five anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript.
Financial support was provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation's
Assembling the Tree of Life program, award numbers 0531626 and 0531769,
and by NSF grants BSR 9024770 and DEB 9306296, 9400829, 9705072,
0072730, and 0515699 to DHJ.
NR 77
TC 130
Z9 136
U1 6
U2 42
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2148
J9 BMC EVOL BIOL
JI BMC Evol. Biol.
PD DEC 2
PY 2009
VL 9
AR 280
DI 10.1186/1471-2148-9-280
PG 21
WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 535PH
UT WOS:000272982200001
PM 19954545
ER
PT J
AU Viall, NM
Spence, HE
Kasper, J
AF Viall, Nicholeen M.
Spence, Harlan E.
Kasper, Justin
TI Are periodic solar wind number density structures formed in the solar
corona?
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HELIUM ABUNDANCE; STREAMERS; SIGNAL; SPEED; CYCLE
AB We present an analysis of the alpha to proton solar wind abundance ratio (A(He)) during a period characterized by significant large size scale density fluctuations, focusing on an event in which the proton and alpha enhancements are anti-correlated. In a recent study using 11 years (1995-2005) of solar wind observations from the Wind spacecraft, N. M. Viall et al. [2008] showed that periodic proton density structures occurred at particular radial length-scales more often than others. The source of these periodic density structures is a significant and outstanding question. Are they generated in the interplanetary medium, or are they a relic of coronal activity as the solar wind was formed? We use A(He) to answer this question, as solar wind elemental abundance ratios are not expected to change during transit. For this event, the anti-phase nature of the A(He) variations strongly suggests that periodic solar wind density structures originate in the solar corona. Citation: Viall, N. M., H. E. Spence, and J. Kasper (2009), Are periodic solar wind number density structures formed in the solar corona?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L23102, doi: 10.1029/2009GL041191.
C1 [Viall, Nicholeen M.; Spence, Harlan E.] Boston Univ, Dept Astron, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Viall, Nicholeen M.; Spence, Harlan E.] Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Kasper, Justin] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Viall, NM (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Astron, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
EM nickiv@bu.edu
RI Viall, Nicholeen/D-1687-2012; Kasper, Justin/D-1152-2010; Spence,
Harlan/A-1942-2011;
OI Kasper, Justin/0000-0002-7077-930X; Spence, Harlan/0000-0002-2526-2205
FU NASA [NNG05GK65G, NNX08AW07G]
FX This research was supported by NASA grant NNG05GK65G and NASA grant
NNX08AW07G.
NR 20
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD DEC 2
PY 2009
VL 36
AR L23102
DI 10.1029/2009GL041191
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 528JV
UT WOS:000272441400011
ER
PT J
AU Araya-Ajoy, YM
Chaves-Campos, J
Kalko, EKV
DeWoody, JA
AF Araya-Ajoy, Yi-men
Chaves-Campos, Johel
Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.
DeWoody, J. Andrew
TI High-Pitched Notes during Vocal Contests Signal Genetic Diversity in
Ocellated Antbirds
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID GENOME-WIDE HETEROZYGOSITY; SPARROWS MELOSPIZA-MELODIA; BIRD SONG;
REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; SEXUAL SELECTION; MALE QUALITY; MATE CHOICE;
BODY-SIZE; PERFORMANCE; EVOLUTION
AB Animals use honest signals to assess the quality of competitors during aggressive interactions. Current theory predicts that honest signals should be costly to produce and thus reveal some aspects of the phenotypic or genetic quality of the sender. In songbirds, research indicates that biomechanical constraints make the production of some acoustic features costly. Furthermore, recent studies have found that vocal features are related to genetic diversity. We linked these two lines of research by evaluating if constrained acoustic features reveal male genetic diversity during aggressive interactions in ocellated antbirds (Phaenostictus mcleannani). We recorded the aggressive vocalizations of radiotagged males at La Selva Biological Station in Costa Rica, and found significant variation in the highest frequency produced among individuals. Moreover, we detected a negative relationship between the frequency of the highest pitched note and vocalization duration, suggesting that high pitched notes might constrain the duration of vocalizations through biomechanical and/or energetic limitations. When we experimentally exposed wild radiotagged males to simulated acoustic challenges, the birds increased the pitch of their vocalization. We also found that individuals with higher genetic diversity (as measured by zygosity across 9 microsatellite loci) produced notes of higher pitch during aggressive interactions. Overall, our results suggest that the ability to produce high pitched notes is an honest indicator of male genetic diversity in male-male aggressive interactions.
C1 [Araya-Ajoy, Yi-men] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Jose, Costa Rica.
[Chaves-Campos, Johel; DeWoody, J. Andrew] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.] Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, Ulm, Germany.
[Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
[DeWoody, J. Andrew] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Araya-Ajoy, YM (reprint author), Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Jose, Costa Rica.
EM jchaves@purdue.edu
RI DeWoody, James/C-4909-2008
OI DeWoody, James/0000-0002-7315-5631
FU U. S. National Science Foundation [DDIG 0608231, DEB 0514815];
Organization for Tropical Studies; American Ornithologists' Union;
Cooper Ornithological Society; Sigma Xi Society; Deutscher Akademischer
Austausch Dienst; Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology; Neotropical
Ornithological Society
FX This research was partially funded by the U. S. National Science
Foundation (DDIG 0608231 to J.C-C and DEB 0514815 to J.A.D.), the
Organization for Tropical Studies (to Y.A-A and J.C-C.), the American
Ornithologists' Union, Cooper Ornithological Society, and Sigma Xi
Society (to J.C-C.), the Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst (DAAD;
ISAP program), Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology (Raven License Award)
and the Neotropical Ornithological Society (to Y. A-A). The funders had
no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript. US National Science
Foundation http://www.nsf.gov/Organization for Tropical Studies
http://www.ots.ac.cr/American Ornithologists' Union
http://www.aou.org/Cooper Ornithological Society
http://www.cooper.org/Sigma Xi Society http://www.sigmaxi.org/Idea Wild
http://www.ideawild.org/Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst
http://www.daad.de/en/index.html Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology
http://www.birds.cornell.edu/Neotropical Ornithological Society
http://www.ibiologia.unam.mx/links/neo/neo.html
NR 62
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 15
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD DEC 2
PY 2009
VL 4
IS 12
AR e8137
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0008137
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 533MU
UT WOS:000272828800028
PM 19956580
ER
PT J
AU Aptekar, JW
Cassidy, MC
Johnson, AC
Barton, RA
Lee, M
Ogier, AC
Vo, C
Anahtar, MN
Ren, Y
Bhatia, SN
Ramanathan, C
Cory, DG
Hill, AL
Mair, RW
Rosen, MS
Walsworth, RL
Marcus, CM
AF Aptekar, Jacob W.
Cassidy, Maja C.
Johnson, Alexander C.
Barton, Robert A.
Lee, Menyoung
Ogier, Alexander C.
Vo, Chinh
Anahtar, Melis N.
Ren, Yin
Bhatia, Sangeeta N.
Ramanathan, Chandrasekhar
Cory, David G.
Hill, Alison L.
Mair, Ross W.
Rosen, Matthew S.
Walsworth, Ronald L.
Marcus, Charles M.
TI Silicon Nanoparticles as Hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Agents
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE silicon nanoparticle; contrast agent; hyperpolarized; molecular imaging;
functionalized nanoparticle; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); nuclear
magnetic resonance; nuclear spin relaxation
ID SUPERPARAMAGNETIC IRON-OXIDE; IN-VIVO; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; CONTRAST
AGENTS; QUANTUM DOTS; TUMORS; MR; PARTICLES; DELIVERY; XE-129
AB Magnetic resonance imaging of hyperpolarized nuclei provides high image contrast with little or no background signal. To date, in vivo applications of prehyperpolarized materials have been limited by relatively short nuclear spin relaxation times. Here, we investigate silicon nanoparticles as a new type of hyperpolarized magnetic resonance imaging agent. Nuclear spin relaxation times for a variety of Si nanoparticles are found to be remarkably long, ranging from many minutes to hours at room temperature, allowing hyperpolarized nanoparticles to be transported, administered, and imaged on practical time scales. Additionally, we demonstrate that Si nanopartides can be surface functionalized using techniques common to other biologically targeted nanoparticle systems. These results suggest that Si nanoparticles can be used as a targetable, hyperpolarized magnetic resonance imaging agent with a large range of potential applications.
C1 [Aptekar, Jacob W.; Cassidy, Maja C.; Johnson, Alexander C.; Barton, Robert A.; Lee, Menyoung; Ogier, Alexander C.; Vo, Chinh; Rosen, Matthew S.; Walsworth, Ronald L.; Marcus, Charles M.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Anahtar, Melis N.; Ren, Yin; Bhatia, Sangeeta N.] MIT, Harvard MIT Div Hlth Sci & Technol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Bhatia, Sangeeta N.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Ramanathan, Chandrasekhar; Cory, David G.] MIT, Dept Nucl Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Hill, Alison L.; Mair, Ross W.; Rosen, Matthew S.; Walsworth, Ronald L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Marcus, CM (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM marcus@harvard.edu
RI Ramanathan, Chandrasekhar/C-5207-2008; Lee, Menyoung/F-1553-2011;
Marcus, Charles/M-4526-2014;
OI Ramanathan, Chandrasekhar/0000-0002-7457-3608; Marcus,
Charles/0000-0003-2420-4692; Johnson, Alex/0000-0003-4623-4147; Lee,
Menyoung/0000-0003-1954-3198
FU NIH [R21 EB007486-01A1, U54 CA119335, R01 CA124427]; NSF through the
Harvard NSEC; National Science Foundation [ECS-0335765]
FX We thank D. C. Bell, F. Kuemmeth, T. F. Kosar, C. Lara, D. Reeves, S.
Rodriques, and J. R. Williams for technical contributions and D. J.
Reilly, C. Farrar, and B. Rosen for valuable discussions. This work was
supported by the NIH under grant R21 EB007486-01A1, U54 CA119335, R01
CA124427 and by the NSF through the Harvard NSEC. Part of this work was
performed at the Harvard Center for Nanoscale Systems (CNS), a member of
the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network (NNIN), which is
supported by the National Science Foundation under NSF award no.
ECS-0335765.
NR 34
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 2
U2 32
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 3
IS 12
BP 4003
EP 4008
DI 10.1021/nn900996p
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 533ST
UT WOS:000272846000033
PM 19950973
ER
PT J
AU Baltzer, JL
Gregoire, DM
Bunyavejchewin, S
Noor, NSM
Davies, SJ
AF Baltzer, Jennifer L.
Gregoire, Dorthea M.
Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh
Noor, N. Supardi M.
Davies, Stuart J.
TI COORDINATION OF FOLIAR AND WOOD ANATOMICAL TRAITS CONTRIBUTES TO
TROPICAL TREE DISTRIBUTIONS AND PRODUCTIVITY ALONG THE MALAY-THAI
PENINSULA
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
DE abiotic stress; climatic variability; gas exchange; geographic range
size; Malaysia; Thailand; tropical forest dynamics; wood anatomy
ID XYLEM CAVITATION; RAIN-FOREST; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; SPECIES
DISTRIBUTION; ECONOMICS SPECTRUM; WATER RELATIONS; GAS-EXCHANGE;
WHOLE-PLANT; LEAF; DROUGHT
AB Drought is a critical factor in plant species distributions. Much research points to its relevance even in moist tropical regions. Recent studies have begun to elucidate mechanisms underlying the distributions of tropical tree species with respect to drought: however, how such desiccation tolerance mechanisms correspond with the coordination of hydraulic and photosynthetic traits in determining species distributions with respect to rainfall seasonality deserves attention. In the present study, we used a common garden approach to quantify inherent differences in wood anatomical and foliar physiological traits in 21 tropical tree species with either widespread (occupying both seasonal and aseasonal climates) or southern (restricted to aseasonal forests) distributions with respect to rainfall seasonality. Use of congeneric species pairs and phylogenetically independent contrast analyses allowed examination of this question in a phylogenetic framework. Widespread species opted for wood traits that provide biomechanical support and prevent xylem cavitation and showed associated reductions in canopy productivity and consequently growth rates compared with southern species. These data Support the hypothesis that species having broader distributions with respect to climatic variability will be characterized by traits conducive to abiotic stress tolerance. This study highlights the importance of the well-established performance vs. stress tolerance trade-off as a contributor to species distributions at larger scales.
C1 [Baltzer, Jennifer L.; Gregoire, Dorthea M.] Mt Allison Univ, Dept Biol, Sackville, NB E4L 1G7, Canada.
[Baltzer, Jennifer L.; Davies, Stuart J.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Univ Herbaria, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Arnold Arboretum Asia Program, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh] Royal Forest Dept, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
[Noor, N. Supardi M.] Forest Res Inst Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Selangor, Malaysia.
[Davies, Stuart J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Panama City, Panama.
RP Baltzer, JL (reprint author), Mt Allison Univ, Dept Biol, 63B York St, Sackville, NB E4L 1G7, Canada.
EM jbaltzer@mta.ca
FU Center for Tropical Forest Science-Arnold Arboretum Asia Program; CTFS;
Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada
FX Many thanks to the Forest Research Institute of Malaysia and the Thai
Royal Forest Department for permission to conduct this research. S.
Phillips was integral in the experimental establishment, and F. Abidin
assisted in nursery care. S. Nishimura (NIES) provided nursery space at
Pasoh and assistance in various forms. Thanks to S. Thomas for use of
gas-exchange equipment and taxonomic assistance. Wood anatomical trait
measurement was greatly facilitated by M. Schneider through generous use
of equipment and methodological direction. Many thanks to B. Pratt for
his thorough and helpful editorial contributions and three anonymous
reviewers. Research was supported by the Center for Tropical Forest
Science-Arnold Arboretum Asia Program, a CTFS research grant, and
Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada Postdoctoral
and Discovery funding to J.L.B.
NR 68
TC 14
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 16
PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA
SN 0002-9122
J9 AM J BOT
JI Am. J. Bot.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 96
IS 12
BP 2214
EP 2223
DI 10.3732/ajb.0800414
PG 10
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 532EE
UT WOS:000272727400008
PM 21622337
ER
PT J
AU Power, ML
Myers, EW
AF Power, Michael L.
Myers, E. Wilson
TI Digestion in the Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), A
Gummivore-Frugivore
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE mean retention time; apparent digestibility; callitrichids
ID WESTERN BRAZILIAN AMAZONIA; GUT MORPHOLOGY; CALLITRICHIDS; TAMARINS;
GROWTH; CARE
AB Wild common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) feed on fruits, insects, and gums, all of which provide different digestive challenges. Much of the ingested mass of fruits consists of seeds. In general, seeds represent indigestible bulk to marmosets and could inhibit feeding if they are not eliminated rapidly. In contrast, gums are beta-linked polysaccharides that require microbial fermentation. Their digestion would benefit from an extended residence time within the gut. Earlier research found that mean retention time (MRT) for a liquid digestive marker (cobalt EDTA) was significantly longer than MRT for a particulate marker (chromium-mordanted fiber), suggesting that common marmosets preferentially retain liquid digesta. We conducted two four-day-long digestion trials on 13 individually housed adult common marmosets fed a single-item, purified diet in order to examine the relations among MRT of cobalt EDTA and chromium-mordanted fiber, food dry matter intake (DMI), and apparent digestibility of dry matter (ADDM). We compared the MRT values with the data from the previous study mentioned above and a study using polystyrene beads. There were no significant correlations among MRT, ADDM, or DMI, although increases in DMI between trials were associated with decreases in MRT. ADDM was consistent within individuals between trials; but the mean values ranged from 75.0 to 83.4% among individuals. We found no difference in MRT between the liquid (17.5+/-1.6 hr) and particulate (17.9+/-1.4 hr) markers. Although these values were not significantly different than found previously, the MRT for chromium-mordanted fiber tended to be longer. This probably reflects the relatively small size of the chromium-mordanted fiber particles used in this study. An inverse relationship between particle size and MRT was evident; the mean MRT of polysterene beads, the largest marker, was only 8.3 +/- 1.5 hr. Marmosets appear to retain liquids and small particles within the gut longer than large particles. Am. J. Primatol. 71:957-963, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 [Power, Michael L.; Myers, E. Wilson] Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Conservat & Ecol Ctr, Nutr Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Power, Michael L.] Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Res Dept, Washington, DC 20024 USA.
[Myers, E. Wilson] Colorado Coll, Dept Biol, Colorado Springs, CO 80903 USA.
RP Power, ML (reprint author), Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Conservat & Ecol Ctr, Nutr Lab, POB 37012,MRC 5503, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM powerm@si.edu
OI Power, Michael/0000-0002-6120-3528
FU PHS [R01-RR02022, P51-RR13986]
FX Contract grant sponsor: PHS; Contract grant numbers: R01-RR02022;
P51-RR13986.
NR 23
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 22
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0275-2565
J9 AM J PRIMATOL
JI Am. J. Primatol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 71
IS 12
BP 957
EP 963
DI 10.1002/ajp.20737
PG 7
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 518VD
UT WOS:000271722200001
PM 19725117
ER
PT J
AU Galvez, D
Kranstauber, B
Kays, RW
Jansen, PA
AF Galvez, Dumas
Kranstauber, Bart
Kays, Roland W.
Jansen, Patrick A.
TI Scatter hoarding by the Central American agouti: a test of optimal cache
spacing theory
SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR
LA English
DT Article
DE cache pilferage; camera trapping; Central American agouti; Dasyprocta
punctata; food availability; optimal cache spacing; scatter hoarding;
seed dispersal; tropical forest
ID DENSITY-DEPENDENT SURVIVAL; BARRO-COLORADO ISLAND; DIPODOMYS-MERRIAMI;
PILFERAGE; DISPERSAL; SQUIRRELS; BEHAVIOR; PALM; FORESTS; RODENTS
AB Optimal cache spacing theory predicts that scatter-hoarding animals store food at a density that balances the gains of reducing cache robbery against the costs of spacing out caches further. We tested the key prediction that cache robbery and cache spacing increase with the economic value of food: the ratio of food to consumer abundance. We quantified cache pilferage and cache spacing by the Central American agouti, Dasyprocta punctata, in the tropical forest of Barro Colorado Island, Panama, across 10 1 ha plots that encompassed a more than 100-fold range in the availability of Astrocaryum palm seeds, the agouti's principal food. We found that caches were pilfered at higher rates in plots with lower seed availability, and that agoutis cached seeds further away and into lower densities where seed availability was lower. Food scarcity apparently increased the pressure of food competitors on caches, stimulating agoutis to put more effort into caching seeds to create lower cache densities, fully consistent with theory. We conclude that the optimal cache density depends not only on the nutritional value of food but also on the economic value, which may vary in space as well as time. (C) 2009 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Galvez, Dumas; Kranstauber, Bart; Jansen, Patrick A.] Univ Groningen, Ctr Ecol & Evolutionary Studies, NL-9750 AA Haren, Netherlands.
[Kranstauber, Bart] Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany.
[Kays, Roland W.] New York State Museum & Sci Serv, Albany, NY 12230 USA.
[Galvez, Dumas; Kays, Roland W.; Jansen, Patrick A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama.
[Jansen, Patrick A.] Wageningen Univ, Ctr Ecosyst Studies, Wageningen, Netherlands.
RP Jansen, PA (reprint author), Univ Groningen, Ctr Ecol & Evolutionary Studies, POB 14, NL-9750 AA Haren, Netherlands.
EM p.a.jansen@rug.nl
RI Jansen, Patrick/G-2545-2015
OI Jansen, Patrick/0000-0002-4660-0314
FU National Science Foundation [NSF-DEB 0717071]; Netherlands Foundation
for Scientific Research [NWO-ALW 863-07-008]; Marco Polo Fund
FX We gratefully acknowledge critical comments by Anders Brodin, Lisa
Leaver and Ana Sendova-Franks, field assistance by Anthony Turner, Nadia
Sitas, Anouk de Plaa, Carol Garzon-Lopez, Liliana Ballesteros, Signe
Brinklov, Robert Horan, Erin Kurten and Katrin Petschl, logistical
support by Belkys Jimenez, Oris Acevedo and the Smithsonian Tropical
Research Institute, and financial support from the National Science
Foundation (NSF-DEB 0717071 to R. W. K.), the Netherlands Foundation for
Scientific Research (NWO-ALW 863-07-008 to P.A.J.) and the Marco Polo
Fund (to D. G. and B. K.).
NR 46
TC 35
Z9 38
U1 2
U2 26
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0003-3472
J9 ANIM BEHAV
JI Anim. Behav.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 78
IS 6
BP 1327
EP 1333
DI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.08.015
PG 7
WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
GA 525HA
UT WOS:000272204500007
ER
PT J
AU Ortner, DJ
AF Ortner, Donald J.
TI Issues in paleopathology and possible strategies for dealing with them
SO ANTHROPOLOGISCHER ANZEIGER
LA English
DT Article
DE paleopathology; research design; methods
AB Human paleopathology has the potential of enriching what we can reconstruct about the lives of our recent and ancient ancestors. The development of remarkably sensitive analytical methods in chemistry and physics provides information that is still in the early stages of being used in research about human paleopathology. Research on mummy and skeletal tissues, both gross and histological, has vastly improved from the early studies in paleopathology. There are, however, nagging issues that have been identified as scientists attempt to conduct new research and interpret the research being done. These include the need for a greater emphasis on rigor in diagnosis of skeletal and soft tissue abnormalities; the establishment of additional research centers that recover and curate large, carefully documented archaeological samples of human remains; better integration between the medical fields of orthopaedic pathology and skeletal radiology with paleopathology; and improved design in the research conducted.
C1 [Ortner, Donald J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Ortner, Donald J.] Univ Bradford, Dept Archaeol Sci, Bradford BD7 1DP, W Yorkshire, England.
RP Ortner, DJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM Ortner@si.edu
NR 23
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 9
PU E SCHWEIZERBARTSCHE VERLAGSBUCHHANDLUNG
PI STUTTGART
PA NAEGELE U OBERMILLER, SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, JOHANNESSTRASSE 3A, D 70176
STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 0003-5548
J9 ANTHROPOL ANZ
JI Anthropol. Anz.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 67
IS 4
SI SI
BP 323
EP 340
DI 10.1127/0003-5548/2009/0026
PG 18
WC Anthropology
SC Anthropology
GA 582ET
UT WOS:000276579800002
PM 20440955
ER
PT J
AU Rey, JR
Hargraves, PE
O'Connell, SM
AF Rey, Jorge R.
Hargraves, Paul E.
O'Connell, Sheila M.
TI Effect of selected marine and freshwater microalgae on development and
survival of the mosquito Aedes aegypti
SO AQUATIC ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aedes aegypti; Akashiwo; Allelopathy; Florida; Microalgae; Mosquito;
Microcystin
ID GREEN-ALGAE; LARVAE; CYANOBACTERIA; COMPETITION; DIATOM; DENGUE; FOOD;
PHYTOPLANKTON; ALLELOPATHY; RESISTANCE
AB We isolated and identified strains of marine and freshwater planktonic and benthic microalgae from the vicinity of Indian River County, Florida (a parts per thousand 27.5A degrees N, 80.34A degrees W), cultivated them in batch culture, and examined their allelopathic activity against mosquito larvae. Additional algal material was obtained from Syracuse University and the University of Texas-Austin Algal Culture Collection. Mosquito larvae (Aedes aegypti (L.)) from colonies maintained at the Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory were challenged with the microalgae using log-growth phase and senescent-phase cultures. Appropriate controls (no algae) were used for each treatment. There were no significant differences in development time between treatments across all trials and a few significant treatment effects on development times, mortality, or mosquito size in the individual trials; however, there was a tendency for treatments with senescent microalgae to develop faster than controls with no algae. Effects consistent with algal toxicity included the two trials with Microcystis aeruginosa, where the larvae exposed to the strain-producing microcystin had significantly longer development times than the controls or those grown with the non-microcystin-producing strain, and the trial with the dinoflagellate Akashiwo sanguinea, where larvae exposed to this species had significantly higher mortality than the controls. No consistent patterns or differences between experimental and control treatments in the value of lambda', an estimate of the population finite rate of increase, were discernible from the data.
C1 [Rey, Jorge R.; O'Connell, Sheila M.] Univ Florida, Florida Med Entomol Lab, Vero Beach, FL 32962 USA.
[Hargraves, Paul E.] Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst Inc, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA.
[Hargraves, Paul E.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA.
RP Rey, JR (reprint author), Univ Florida, Florida Med Entomol Lab, 200 9th St SE, Vero Beach, FL 32962 USA.
EM jrey@ufl.edu
FU Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services
FX We thank Dr. C. Ross, Smithsonian Marine Station, Ft. Pierce, FL for
confirmation of microcystin production via ELISA, Dr. Greg Boyer,
Syracuse University, for the two M. aeruginosa cultures, Ms. Julie
Piraino for assistance with confirmatory scanning electron microscopy,
and Richard Escher (FMEL) for maintenance of the mosquito colonies. We
also thank George O'Meara, Roxanne Connelly, and three anonymous
reviewers for their comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. The
research was supported in part by a grant from the Florida Department of
Agriculture and Consumer Services. This is contribution 1725 from Harbor
Branch Oceanographic Institution and contribution 767 from the
Smithsonian Marine Station, Ft Pierce, FL.
NR 52
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 21
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1386-2588
J9 AQUAT ECOL
JI Aquat. Ecol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 43
IS 4
BP 987
EP 997
DI 10.1007/s10452-009-9232-0
PG 11
WC Ecology; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 533TE
UT WOS:000272847400017
ER
PT J
AU Torres, G
Lacy, CHS
Claret, A
AF Torres, Guillermo
Lacy, Claud H. Sandberg
Claret, Antonio
TI ABSOLUTE PROPERTIES OF THE HIGHLY ECCENTRIC ECLIPSING BINARY STAR LV
HERCULIS
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE binaries: eclipsing; binaries: spectroscopic; stars: evolution; stars:
fundamental parameters; stars: individual (LV Her)
ID LINED SPECTROSCOPIC BINARIES; LIMB-DARKENING COEFFICIENTS;
MAIN-SEQUENCE; TIDAL-EVOLUTION; LIGHT CURVES; Y-2 ISOCHRONES;
DIMENSIONS; FRICTION; CATALOG; SYSTEMS
AB We report extensive spectroscopic and differential V-band photometric observations of the 18.4 day detached double-lined eclipsing binary LV Her (F9 v), which has the highest eccentricity (e similar or equal to 0.613) among the systems with well-measured properties. We determine the absolute masses and radii of the components to be M(1) = 1.193 +/- 0.010M(circle dot), M(2) = 1.1698 +/- 0.0081M(circle dot), R(1) = 1.358 +/- 0.012R(circle dot), and R(2) = 1.313 +/- 0.011R(circle dot), with fractional errors of 0.9% or better. The effective temperatures are 6060 +/- 150 K and 6030 +/- 150 K, respectively, and the overall metallicity is estimated to be [m/H] = +0.08 +/- 0.21. A comparison with current stellar evolution models for this composition indicates an excellent fit for an age between 3.8 and 4.2 Gyr, with both stars being near the middle of their main-sequence lifetimes. Full integration of the equations for tidal evolution is consistent with the high eccentricity, and suggests that the stars' spin axes are aligned with the orbital axis, and that their rotations should be pseudo-synchronized. The latter prediction is not quite in agreement with the measured projected rotational velocities.
C1 [Torres, Guillermo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Lacy, Claud H. Sandberg] Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Claret, Antonio] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain.
RP Torres, G (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM gtorres@cfa.harvard.edu; clacy@uark.edu; claret@iaa.es
FU NSF [AST-0708229]; NASA
FX We are grateful to P. Berlind, M. Calkins, R. J. Davis, E. Horine, D. W.
Latham, J. Peters, and J. Zajac for their help in gathering the
spectroscopic observations of LV Her used in this work, and to R. J.
Davis for maintaining the echelle database at CfA. G. T. acknowledges
partial support for this research through NSF grant AST-0708229. C. H.
S. L. thanks Bill Neely who operates and maintains the NFO for our
Consortium, and who handles preliminary processing and storage of the
images. He also wishes to thank summer 2009 Arkansas REU student Chris
Gong for her preliminary analysis of the URSA data. This research has
made use of the SIMBAD database and the VizieR catalog access tool, both
operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France, of NASA's Astrophysics Data System
Abstract Service, and of data products from the Two Micron All Sky
Survey (2MASS), which is a joint project of the University of
Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California
Institute of Technology, funded by NASA and the NSF.
NR 61
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 138
IS 6
BP 1622
EP 1633
DI 10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1622
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 517PZ
UT WOS:000271630200010
ER
PT J
AU Barmby, P
Perina, S
Bellazzini, M
Cohen, JG
Hodge, PW
Huchra, JP
Kissler-Patig, M
Puzia, TH
Strader, J
AF Barmby, P.
Perina, S.
Bellazzini, M.
Cohen, J. G.
Hodge, P. W.
Huchra, J. P.
Kissler-Patig, M.
Puzia, T. H.
Strader, J.
TI A HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE/WFPC2 SURVEY OF BRIGHT YOUNG CLUSTERS IN M31.
III. STRUCTURAL PARAMETERS
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: individual (Messier: Number M31); galaxies: star clusters;
globular clusters: general
ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; LUMINOUS STAR-CLUSTERS; LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD;
GALACTIC OPEN CLUSTERS; TO-LIGHT RATIOS; GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; FUNDAMENTAL
PLANE; MASS FUNCTION; DYNAMICAL MODELS; STELLAR CLUSTERS
AB Surface brightness profiles for 23 M31 star clusters were measured using images from the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 on the Hubble Space Telescope, and fitted to two types of models to determine the clusters' structural properties. The clusters are primarily young (similar to 10(8) yr) and massive (similar to 10(4.5) M(circle dot)), with median half-light radius 7 pc and dissolution times of a few Gyr. The properties of the M31 clusters are comparable to those of clusters of similar age in the Magellanic Clouds. Simulated star clusters are used to derive a conversion from statistical measures of cluster size to half-light radius so that the extragalactic clusters can be compared to young massive clusters in the Milky Way. All three sets of star clusters fall approximately on the same age-size relation. The young M31 clusters are expected to dissolve within a few Gyr and will not survive to become old, globular clusters. However, they do appear to follow the same fundamental plane (FP) relations as old clusters; if confirmed with velocity dispersion measurements, this would be a strong indication that the star cluster FP reflects universal cluster formation conditions.
C1 [Barmby, P.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
[Perina, S.; Bellazzini, M.] Osservatorio Astron Bologna, INAF, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
[Perina, S.; Bellazzini, M.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
[Cohen, J. G.] CALTECH, Palomar Observ, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Hodge, P. W.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Huchra, J. P.; Strader, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Kissler-Patig, M.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Puzia, T. H.] Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada.
RP Barmby, P (reprint author), Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
EM pbarmby@uwo.ca
RI Bellazzini , Michele/O-9373-2015; Barmby, Pauline/I-7194-2016
OI Bellazzini , Michele/0000-0001-8200-810X; Barmby,
Pauline/0000-0003-2767-0090
FU NASA [NAS 5-26555]; [GO-10818]; [GO-8296]
FX Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope,
obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by
the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under
NASA contract NAS 5-26555. These observations are associated with
program GO-10818 (PI: J. Cohen) and GO-8296 (PI: P. Hodge).
NR 75
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 138
IS 6
BP 1667
EP 1680
DI 10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1667
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 517PZ
UT WOS:000271630200014
ER
PT J
AU Perley, DA
Cenko, SB
Bloom, JS
Chen, HW
Butler, NR
Kocevski, D
Prochaska, JX
Brodwin, M
Glazebrook, K
Kasliwal, MM
Kulkarni, SR
Lopez, S
Ofek, EO
Pettini, M
Soderberg, AM
Starr, D
AF Perley, D. A.
Cenko, S. B.
Bloom, J. S.
Chen, H. -W.
Butler, N. R.
Kocevski, D.
Prochaska, J. X.
Brodwin, M.
Glazebrook, K.
Kasliwal, M. M.
Kulkarni, S. R.
Lopez, S.
Ofek, E. O.
Pettini, M.
Soderberg, A. M.
Starr, D.
TI THE HOST GALAXIES OF SWIFT DARK GAMMA-RAY BURSTS: OBSERVATIONAL
CONSTRAINTS ON HIGHLY OBSCURED AND VERY HIGH REDSHIFT GRBs
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE dust, extinction; gamma rays: bursts; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies:
photometry
ID COSMIC STAR-FORMATION; INFRARED LUMINOSITY FUNCTIONS; 28 FEBRUARY 1997;
DAMPED LY-ALPHA; AFTERGLOW EMISSION; OPTICAL AFTERGLOW; FORMATION
HISTORY; XRT OBSERVATIONS; DUST EXTINCTION; LIGHT-CURVE
AB In this work, we present the first results of our imaging campaign at Keck Observatory to identify the host galaxies of "dark" gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), events with no detected optical afterglow or with detected optical flux significantly fainter than expected from the observed X-ray afterglow. We find that out of a uniform sample of 29 Swift bursts rapidly observed by the Palomar 60 inch telescope through 2008 March 914 of which we classify as dark), all events have either a detected optical afterglow, a probable optical host-galaxy detection, or both. Our results constrain the fraction of Swift GRBs coming from very high redshift (z > 7), such as the recent GRB 090423, to between 0.2% and 7% at 80% confidence. In contrast, a significant fraction of the sample requires large extinction columns (host-frame Lambda(V) greater than or similar to 1 mag, with several events showing Lambda(V) > 2-6 mag), identifying dust extinction as the dominant cause of the dark GRB phenomenon. We infer that a significant fraction of GRBs (and, by association, of high-mass star formation) occurs in highly obscured regions. However, the host galaxies of dark GRBs seem to have normal optical colors, suggesting that the source of obscuring dust is local to the vicinity of the GRB progenitor or highly unevenly distributed within the host galaxy.
C1 [Perley, D. A.; Cenko, S. B.; Bloom, J. S.; Butler, N. R.; Starr, D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Chen, H. -W.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Kocevski, D.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Prochaska, J. X.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Lick Observ, UCO, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Brodwin, M.; Soderberg, A. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Glazebrook, K.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia.
[Kasliwal, M. M.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Ofek, E. O.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Lopez, S.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile.
[Pettini, M.] Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
[Starr, D.] Global Telescope Network Inc, Las Cumbres Observ, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 USA.
RP Perley, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM dperley@astro.berkeley.edu
RI Glazebrook, Karl/N-3488-2015; Lopez, Sebastian /I-5657-2016
OI Glazebrook, Karl/0000-0002-3254-9044; Lopez, Sebastian
/0000-0003-0389-0902
FU Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network; NASA/Swift Guest
Investigator [NNG05GF55G, NNG06GH50G, NNX08AN84G]; Gary and Cynthia
Bengier; Richard andRhoda Goldman fund; National Science Foundation
(NSF) [AST0607485]; W. M. Keck Foundation; FONDECYT [1060823]; NSF;
National Science Foundation (United States); Science and Technology
Facilities Council United Kingdom); National Research Council (Canada);
CONICYT (Chile); Australian Research Council (Australia); Ministrio da
Cincia e Tecnologia (Brazil); Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologa e
Innovacin Productiva (Argentina); Harvard University Milton Fund; SAO;
UC Berkeley; National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX J.S.B.'s group is partially supported by the Las Cumbres Observatory
Global Telescope Network and NASA/Swift Guest Investigator grant
NNG05GF55G. S.B.C. acknowledges generous support from Gary and Cynthia
Bengier, the Richard andRhoda Goldman fund, and National Science
Foundation (NSF) grant AST0607485. Support for M. B. was provided by the
W. M. Keck Foundation. S. L. was supported by FONDECYT grant N. 1060823.
The W. M. Keck Observatory is operated as a scientific partnership among
the California Institute of Technology, the University of California,
and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The
Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the
W. M. Keck Foundation. We extend special thanks to those of Hawaiian
ancestry on whose sacred mountain we are privileged to be guests. Gemini
Observatory is operated by the Association of Universities for Research
in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf
of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United
States), the Science and Technology Facilities Council United Kingdom),
the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian
Research Council (Australia), Ministrio da Cincia e Tecnologia (Brazil),
and Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologa e Innovacin Productiva (Argentina).
PAIRITEL is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO)
and was made possible by a grant from the Harvard University Milton
Fund, a camera loan from the University of Virginia, and continued
support of the SAO and UC Berkeley. The PAIRITEL project are further
supported by NASA/Swift Guest Investigator grant NNG06GH50G and
NNX08AN84G. This research has made use of the NASA/ IPAC Extragalactic
Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration. This work additionally made use of
data supplied by the UK Swift Science Data Centre at the University of
Leicester. We also acknowledge the hard work and efforts of the creators
of other essential Web sites, in particular astrometry. net and GRBlog,
which greatly assisted in this work. We thank D. A. Kann and our
anonymous referee for helpful comments and suggestions, and also thank
Derek Fox as well as Pall Jakobsson and collaborators for sharing
additional data on bursts within our sample. Finally, we acknowledge the
hard work and dedication of the Swift team, whose successful mission has
made this study possible.
NR 139
TC 135
Z9 136
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 138
IS 6
BP 1690
EP 1708
DI 10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1690
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 517PZ
UT WOS:000271630200016
ER
PT J
AU Wang, JH
Lehner, MJ
Zhang, ZW
Bianco, FB
Alcock, C
Chen, WP
Axelrod, T
Byun, YI
Coehlo, NK
Cook, KH
Dave, R
de Pater, I
Porrata, R
Kim, DW
King, SK
Lee, T
Lin, HC
Lissauer, JJ
Marshall, SL
Protopapas, P
Rice, JA
Schwamb, ME
Wang, SY
Wen, CY
AF Wang, J. -H.
Lehner, M. J.
Zhang, Z. -W.
Bianco, F. B.
Alcock, C.
Chen, W. -P.
Axelrod, T.
Byun, Y. -I.
Coehlo, N. K.
Cook, K. H.
Dave, R.
de Pater, I.
Porrata, R.
Kim, D. -W.
King, S. -K.
Lee, T.
Lin, H. -C.
Lissauer, J. J.
Marshall, S. L.
Protopapas, P.
Rice, J. A.
Schwamb, M. E.
Wang, S. -Y.
Wen, C. -Y.
TI UPPER LIMITS ON THE NUMBER OF SMALL BODIES IN SEDNA-LIKE ORBITS BY THE
TAOS PROJECT
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Kuiper Belt; occultations; solar system: formation
ID AMERICAN OCCULTATION SURVEY; 2003 VB12 SEDNA; SOLAR-SYSTEM; KUIPER-BELT;
OORT CLOUD; STELLAR OCCULTATIONS; COMET CLOUD; OBJECTS; ENCOUNTERS;
PLANETS
AB We present the results of a search for occultation events by objects at distances between 100 and 1000 AU in light curves from the Taiwanese-American Occultation Survey. We searched for consecutive, shallow flux reductions in the stellar light curves obtained by our survey between 2005 February 7 and 2006 December 31 with a total of similar to 4.5 x 10(9) three-telescope simultaneous photometric measurements. No events were detected, allowing us to set upper limits on the number density as a function of size and distance of objects in Sedna-like orbits, using simple models.
C1 [Wang, J. -H.; Lehner, M. J.; King, S. -K.; Lee, T.; Wang, S. -Y.; Wen, C. -Y.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
[Wang, J. -H.; Zhang, Z. -W.; Chen, W. -P.; Lin, H. -C.] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Astron, Jhongli 320, Taoyuan County, Taiwan.
[Lehner, M. J.; Bianco, F. B.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Lehner, M. J.; Bianco, F. B.; Alcock, C.; Dave, R.; Protopapas, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Axelrod, T.] Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Byun, Y. -I.; Kim, D. -W.] Yonsei Univ, Dept Astron, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
[Coehlo, N. K.; Rice, J. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Cook, K. H.; Marshall, S. L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[de Pater, I.; Porrata, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lissauer, J. J.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div 245 3, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Marshall, S. L.] Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Schwamb, M. E.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Wang, JH (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
EM jhwang@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw
RI Lee, Typhoon/N-8347-2013;
OI Lehner, Matthew/0000-0003-4077-0985; Schwamb, Megan/0000-0003-4365-1455
FU NCU [NSC 96-2112M- 008-024-MY3]; NSF [AST-0501681]; NASA [NNG04G113G];
ASIAA [AS-88-TP-A02]; Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute; USDOE
[W-7405-Eng-48, DE-AC52-07NA27344, DE-AC0276SF00515]
FX Work at NCU was supported by the grant NSC 96-2112M- 008-024-MY3. Work
at the CfA was supported in part by the NSF under grant AST-0501681 and
by NASA under grant NNG04G113G. Work at ASIAA was supported in part by
the thematic research program AS-88-TP-A02. Work at Yonsei was supported
by Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute. Work at LLNL was
performed in part under USDOE Contract W-7405-Eng-48 and Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344. Work at SLAC was performed under USDOE contract
DE-AC0276SF00515.
NR 35
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 138
IS 6
BP 1893
EP 1901
DI 10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1893
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 517PZ
UT WOS:000271630200025
ER
PT J
AU D'Ammando, F
Pucella, G
Raiteri, CM
Villata, M
Vittorini, V
Vercellone, S
Donnarumma, I
Longo, F
Tavani, M
Argan, A
Barbiellini, G
Boffelli, F
Bulgarelli, A
Caraveo, P
Cattaneo, PW
Chen, AW
Cocco, V
Costa, E
Del Monte, E
De Paris, G
Di Cocco, G
Evangelista, Y
Feroci, M
Ferrari, A
Fiorini, M
Froysland, T
Fuschino, F
Galli, M
Gianotti, F
Giuliani, A
Labanti, C
Lapshov, I
Lazzarotto, F
Lipari, P
Marisaldi, M
Mereghetti, S
Morselli, A
Pacciani, L
Pellizzoni, A
Perotti, F
Piano, G
Picozza, P
Pilia, M
Prest, M
Rapisarda, M
Rappoldi, A
Sabatini, S
Soffitta, P
Trifoglio, M
Trois, A
Vallazza, E
Zambra, A
Zanello, D
Agudo, I
Aller, MF
Aller, HD
Arkharov, AA
Bach, U
Benitez, E
Berdyugin, A
Blinov, DA
Buemi, CS
Chen, WP
Di Paola, A
Di Rico, G
Dultzin, D
Fuhrmann, L
Gomez, JL
Gurwell, MA
Jorstad, SG
Heidt, J
Hiriart, D
Hsiao, HY
Kimeridze, G
Konstantinova, TS
Kopatskaya, EN
Koptelova, E
Kurtanidze, O
Larionov, VM
Leto, P
Lindfors, E
Lopez, JM
Marscher, AP
McHardy, IM
Melnichuk, DA
Mommert, M
Mujica, R
Nilsson, K
Pasanen, M
Roca-Sogorb, M
Sorcia, M
Takalo, LO
Taylor, B
Trigilio, C
Troitsky, IS
Umana, G
Antonelli, LA
Colafrancesco, S
Cutini, S
Gasparrini, D
Pittori, C
Preger, B
Santolamazza, P
Verrecchia, F
Giommi, P
Salotti, L
AF D'Ammando, F.
Pucella, G.
Raiteri, C. M.
Villata, M.
Vittorini, V.
Vercellone, S.
Donnarumma, I.
Longo, F.
Tavani, M.
Argan, A.
Barbiellini, G.
Boffelli, F.
Bulgarelli, A.
Caraveo, P.
Cattaneo, P. W.
Chen, A. W.
Cocco, V.
Costa, E.
Del Monte, E.
De Paris, G.
Di Cocco, G.
Evangelista, Y.
Feroci, M.
Ferrari, A.
Fiorini, M.
Froysland, T.
Fuschino, F.
Galli, M.
Gianotti, F.
Giuliani, A.
Labanti, C.
Lapshov, I.
Lazzarotto, F.
Lipari, P.
Marisaldi, M.
Mereghetti, S.
Morselli, A.
Pacciani, L.
Pellizzoni, A.
Perotti, F.
Piano, G.
Picozza, P.
Pilia, M.
Prest, M.
Rapisarda, M.
Rappoldi, A.
Sabatini, S.
Soffitta, P.
Trifoglio, M.
Trois, A.
Vallazza, E.
Zambra, A.
Zanello, D.
Agudo, I.
Aller, M. F.
Aller, H. D.
Arkharov, A. A.
Bach, U.
Benitez, E.
Berdyugin, A.
Blinov, D. A.
Buemi, C. S.
Chen, W. P.
Di Paola, A.
Di Rico, G.
Dultzin, D.
Fuhrmann, L.
Gomez, J. L.
Gurwell, M. A.
Jorstad, S. G.
Heidt, J.
Hiriart, D.
Hsiao, H. Y.
Kimeridze, G.
Konstantinova, T. S.
Kopatskaya, E. N.
Koptelova, E.
Kurtanidze, O.
Larionov, V. M.
Leto, P.
Lindfors, E.
Lopez, J. M.
Marscher, A. P.
McHardy, I. M.
Melnichuk, D. A.
Mommert, M.
Mujica, R.
Nilsson, K.
Pasanen, M.
Roca-Sogorb, M.
Sorcia, M.
Takalo, L. O.
Taylor, B.
Trigilio, C.
Troitsky, I. S.
Umana, G.
Antonelli, L. A.
Colafrancesco, S.
Cutini, S.
Gasparrini, D.
Pittori, C.
Preger, B.
Santolamazza, P.
Verrecchia, F.
Giommi, P.
Salotti, L.
TI AGILE detection of a rapid gamma-ray flare from the blazar PKS 1510-089
during the GASP-WEBT monitoring
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE gamma-rays: observations; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; quasars:
individual: PKS 1510-089
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; RADIO-LOUD QUASARS; HIGHLY POLARIZED QUASARS;
HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION; XMM-NEWTON; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; AMBIENT
RADIATION; RELATIVISTIC JET; SILICON TRACKER; SPACE MISSION
AB Aims. We report the detection by the AGILE satellite of a rapid gamma-ray flare from the source 1AGL J1511-0908, associated with the powerful gamma-ray quasar PKS 1510-089, during a pointing centered on the Galactic center region from 1 March to 30 March 2008. This source has been continuosly monitored in the radio-to-optical bands by the GLAST-AGILE Support Program (GASP) of the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT). Moreover, the gamma-ray flaring episode triggered three ToO observations by the Swift satellite in three consecutive days, starting from 20 March 2008. The quasi-simultaneous radio-to-optical, UV, X-ray and gamma-ray coverage allows us to make a detailed study of the multifrequency time evolution, the spectral energy distribution of this source, and its theoretical interpretation based on the synchrotron and inverse Compton (IC) emission mechanisms.
Methods. During the radio-to-optical monitoring provided by the GASP-WEBT, AGILE observed the source with its two co-aligned imagers, the gamma-ray imaging detector (GRID) and the hard X-ray imager (SuperAGILE), which are sensitive in the 30 MeV-30 GeV and 18-60 keV energy bands, respectively.
Results. In the period 1-16 March 2008, AGILE detected gamma-ray emission from PKS 1510-089 at a significance level of 6.2-sigma with an average flux over the entire period of (84 +/- 17) x 10(-8) photons cm(-2) s(-1) for photon energies above 100 MeV. After a predefined satellite re-pointing, between 17 and 21 March 2008, AGILE detected the source at a significance level of 7.3-sigma, with an average flux (E > 100 MeV) of (134 +/- 29) x 10(-8) photons cm-2 s-1 and a peak level of (281 +/- 68) x 10(-8) photons cm(-2) s(-1) with daily integration. During the observing period January-April 2008, the source also showed an intense and variable optical activity, with several flaring episodes and a significant increase in the flux was observed at millimetric frequencies. Moreover, in the X-ray band, the Swift/XRT observations seem to show a harder-when-brighter behavior of the source spectrum.
Conclusions. The flat spectrum radio quasar PKS 1510-089 showed strong activity between January and April 2008, with episodes of rapid variability from radio to gamma-ray energy bands, in particular with a rapid gamma-ray flaring episode. The spectral energy distribution of mid-March 2008 is modeled with a homogeneous one-zone synchrotron self Compton (SSC) emission plus contributions from inverse Compton scattering of external photons from both the accretion disk and the broad line region. Indeed, some features in the optical-UV spectrum seem to indicate Seyfert-like components such as the little and the big blue bumps.
C1 [D'Ammando, F.; Pucella, G.; Vittorini, V.; Donnarumma, I.; Tavani, M.; Argan, A.; Cocco, V.; Costa, E.; Del Monte, E.; De Paris, G.; Evangelista, Y.; Feroci, M.; Lapshov, I.; Lazzarotto, F.; Pacciani, L.; Piano, G.; Sabatini, S.; Soffitta, P.; Trois, A.; Zambra, A.] INAF IASF Roma, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[D'Ammando, F.; Tavani, M.; Froysland, T.; Piano, G.; Sabatini, S.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dip Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Raiteri, C. M.; Villata, M.] Oss Astron Torino, INAF, Turin, Italy.
[Vittorini, V.; Chen, A. W.; Froysland, T.] CIFS Torino, I-10133 Turin, Italy.
[Vercellone, S.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-90146 Palermo, Italy.
[Longo, F.; Barbiellini, G.; Vallazza, E.] Dip Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
[Longo, F.; Barbiellini, G.; Vallazza, E.] INFN Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
[Boffelli, F.; Cattaneo, P. W.] INFN Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
[Boffelli, F.] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis Nucl & Teor, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
[Bulgarelli, A.; Di Cocco, G.; Fuschino, F.; Gianotti, F.; Labanti, C.; Marisaldi, M.; Trifoglio, M.] INAF IASF Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Caraveo, P.; Chen, A. W.; Fiorini, M.; Giuliani, A.; Mereghetti, S.; Perotti, F.] INAF IASF Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Ferrari, A.] Gen Univ, Dip Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
[Galli, M.] ENEA Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Lipari, P.; Zanello, D.] INFN Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Morselli, A.; Picozza, P.] INFN Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Pellizzoni, A.; Pilia, M.] INAF Oss Astron Cagliari, I-09012 Capoterra, CA, Italy.
[Prest, M.] Univ Insubria, Dip Fis, I-22100 Como, Italy.
[Rapisarda, M.] ENEA Roma, I-00044 Rome, Italy.
[Agudo, I.; Gomez, J. L.; Roca-Sogorb, M.] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain.
[Aller, M. F.; Aller, H. D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Arkharov, A. A.; Larionov, V. M.] Russian Acad Sci, Pulkovo Observ, St Petersburg 196140, Russia.
[Bach, U.; Fuhrmann, L.] MPIfR, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
[Benitez, E.; Dultzin, D.; Sorcia, M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Berdyugin, A.; Lindfors, E.; Nilsson, K.; Pasanen, M.; Takalo, L. O.] Univ Turku, Tuorla Observ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piikkio 21500, Finland.
[Blinov, D. A.; Konstantinova, T. S.; Kopatskaya, E. N.; Larionov, V. M.; Melnichuk, D. A.; Troitsky, I. S.] St Petersburg State Univ, Astron Inst, St Petersburg 198504, Russia.
[Buemi, C. S.; Trigilio, C.; Umana, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy.
[Chen, W. P.; Hsiao, H. Y.; Koptelova, E.] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Astron, Lulin Observ, Taipei, Taiwan.
[Di Paola, A.] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy.
[Di Rico, G.] Osservatorio Astron Collurania, INAF, I-64100 Teramo, Italy.
[Gurwell, M. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Jorstad, S. G.; Marscher, A. P.] Boston Univ, Inst Astrophys Res, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Heidt, J.; Mommert, M.] Landessternwarte Heidelberg, ZAH, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Hiriart, D.; Lopez, J. M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ensenada 2280, Baja California, Mexico.
[Kimeridze, G.; Kurtanidze, O.] Abastumani Observ, Abastumani, GA USA.
[Leto, P.] INAF IRA, I-96017 Noto, SR, Italy.
[McHardy, I. M.] Univ Southampton, Dept Phys & Astron, Southampton S17 1BJ, Hants, England.
[Mujica, R.] INAOE, Puebla 72000, Mexico.
[Taylor, B.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Antonelli, L. A.; Colafrancesco, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Pittori, C.; Preger, B.; Santolamazza, P.; Verrecchia, F.; Giommi, P.] ASI ASDC, I-00044 Rome, Italy.
[Salotti, L.] ASI, I-00198 Rome, Italy.
RP D'Ammando, F (reprint author), INAF IASF Roma, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
EM filippo.dammando@iasf-roma.inaf.it
RI Pittori, Carlotta/C-7710-2016; Grishina, Tatiana/H-6873-2013; Morselli,
Aldo/G-6769-2011; Lazzarotto, Francesco/J-4670-2012; Larionov,
Valeri/H-1349-2013; Kopatskaya, Evgenia/H-4720-2013; Blinov,
Dmitry/G-9925-2013; Kurtanidze, Omar/J-6237-2014; Trifoglio,
Massimo/F-5302-2015; Agudo, Ivan/G-1701-2015; Morozova,
Daria/H-1298-2013; Troitskiy, Ivan/K-7979-2013; Jorstad,
Svetlana/H-6913-2013;
OI Pittori, Carlotta/0000-0001-6661-9779; Buemi, Carla
Simona/0000-0002-7288-4613; Bulgarelli, Andrea/0000-0001-6347-0649;
galli, marcello/0000-0002-9135-3228; Cattaneo, Paolo
Walter/0000-0001-6877-6882; Pacciani, Luigi/0000-0001-6897-5996;
Fiorini, Mauro/0000-0001-8297-1983; trois, alessio/0000-0002-3180-6002;
Labanti, Claudio/0000-0002-5086-3619; Feroci, Marco/0000-0002-7617-3421;
Soffitta, Paolo/0000-0002-7781-4104; Picozza,
Piergiorgio/0000-0002-7986-3321; Villata, Massimo/0000-0003-1743-6946;
Fuschino, Fabio/0000-0003-2139-3299; Gianotti,
Fulvio/0000-0003-4666-119X; Leto, Paolo/0000-0003-4864-2806; Lazzarotto,
Francesco/0000-0003-4871-4072; Costa, Enrico/0000-0003-4925-8523;
Grishina, Tatiana/0000-0002-3953-6676; Morselli,
Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Larionov, Valeri/0000-0002-4640-4356;
Kopatskaya, Evgenia/0000-0001-9518-337X; Blinov,
Dmitry/0000-0003-0611-5784; Trifoglio, Massimo/0000-0002-2505-3630;
Agudo, Ivan/0000-0002-3777-6182; Morozova, Daria/0000-0002-9407-7804;
Troitskiy, Ivan/0000-0002-4218-0148; Jorstad,
Svetlana/0000-0001-9522-5453; Di Paola, Andrea/0000-0002-2189-8644;
giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; Donnarumma,
Immacolata/0000-0002-4700-4549; Pellizzoni, Alberto
Paolo/0000-0002-4590-0040; Sabatini, Sabina/0000-0003-2076-5767;
Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; PREST,
MICHELA/0000-0003-3161-4454; Verrecchia, Francesco/0000-0003-3455-5082
FU Smithsonian Institution and the Academia Sinica; NSF; University of
Michigan; Taiwan National Science Council [96-2811-M-008-058]; Spanish
"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion" [AYA2007-67626-C03-03]; Italian
Space Agency [ASI-INAFI/088/06/0]
FX We thank the anonymous referee for the useful comments. The AGILE
Mission is funded by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) with scientific
participation by the Italian Institute of Astrophysics (INAF) and the
Italian Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN). We acknowledge the use of
public data from the Swift data archive. We thank the Swift Team for
making these observations possible, particularly the duty scientists and
science planners. The Submillimeter Array is a joint project between the
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute
of Astronomy and Astrophysics and is funded by the Smithsonian
Institution and the Academia Sinica. UMRAO is funded by a series of
grants from the NSF and by the University of Michigan. The research has
been supported by the Taiwan National Science Council grant No.
96-2811-M-008-058. This paper is partly based on observations carried
outat the German-Spanish Calar Alto Observatory, which is jointly
operated by the MPIA and the IAA-CSIC. Acquisition of the MAPCAT data is
supported in part by the Spanish "Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion"
through grant AYA2007-67626-C03-03. Some of the authors acknowledge
financial support by the Italian Space Agency through contract
ASI-INAFI/088/06/0 for the Study of High-Energy Astrophysics.
NR 89
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 1
U2 4
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 508
IS 1
BP 181
EP 189
DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200912560
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 528CI
UT WOS:000272417700021
ER
PT J
AU Castelli, F
Kurucz, RL
Hubrig, S
AF Castelli, F.
Kurucz, R. L.
Hubrig, S.
TI New identified (H-3)4d-(H-3)4f transitions of Fe II from UVES spectra of
HR 6000 and 46 Aquilae
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE line: identification; atomic data; stars: atmospheres; stars: chemically
peculiar; stars: individual: HR6000; stars: individual: 46 Aquilae
ID OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; ABUNDANCE; PROBABILITIES; IRON; COMPILATION; LINES
AB Aims. The analysis of the high-resolution UVES spectra of the CP stars HR 6000 and 46 Aql has revealed the presence of an impressive number of unidentified lines, in particular in the 5000-5400 angstrom region. Because numerous 4d-4f transitions of Fe II lie in this spectral range, and because both stars are iron overabundant, we investigate whether the unidentified lines are Fe II.
Methods. ATLAS12 model atmospheres with parameters T-eff = 13 450 K, log g = 4.3 and T-eff = 12 560 K, log g = 3.8 were computed for the individual abundances of the stars HR 6000 and 46 Aql, respectively, to use them as spectroscopic sources to identify Fe II lines and determine Fe II gf-values. After identifying several unknown lines in the stellar spectra as (H-3)4d-(H-3)4f transitions of Fe II, we derived astrophysical log g f-values for them. The energies of the upper levels were assigned on the basis of both laboratory iron spectra and predicted energy levels.
Results. We determined 21 new levels of Fe II with energies between 122 910.9 cm(-1) and 123 441.1 cm(-1). They allowed us to add 1700 new lines to the Fe II linelist in the wavelength range 810-15 011 angstrom. Many of these lines are sufficiently strong to contribute to the spectra of Population I late B-type stars, even when their iron abundance is subsolar. In the 5000-6000 angstrom region discussed in this paper, the astrophysical and computed log g f-values show good general agreement and greatly improve the synthetic spectrum of both HR 6000 and 46 Aql. However, many features remain unidentified indicating that further work to classify Fe II high energy levels has still to be done
C1 [Castelli, F.] Osserv Astron Trieste, Ist Nazl Astrofis, I-34131 Trieste, Italy.
[Kurucz, R. L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Hubrig, S.] Astrophys Inst Potsdam, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany.
RP Castelli, F (reprint author), Osserv Astron Trieste, Ist Nazl Astrofis, Via Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy.
EM castelli@oats.inaf.it
NR 28
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 0
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 508
IS 1
BP 401
EP U467
DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200912518
PG 23
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 528CI
UT WOS:000272417700042
ER
PT J
AU Gielen, C
Van Winckel, H
Reyniers, M
Zijlstra, A
Evans, TL
Gordon, KD
Kemper, F
Indebetouw, R
Marengo, M
Matsuura, M
Meixner, M
Sloan, GC
Tielens, AGGM
Woods, PM
AF Gielen, C.
Van Winckel, H.
Reyniers, M.
Zijlstra, A.
Evans, T. Lloyd
Gordon, K. D.
Kemper, F.
Indebetouw, R.
Marengo, M.
Matsuura, M.
Meixner, M.
Sloan, G. C.
Tielens, A. G. G. M.
Woods, P. M.
TI Chemical depletion in the Large Magellanic Cloud: RV Tauri stars and the
photospheric feedback from their dusty discs
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE stars: abundances; stars: AGB and post-AGB; circumstellar matter;
binaries: general; Magellanic Clouds
ID POST-AGB STARS; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; POLYCYCLIC
AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS;
INFRARED SPECTROGRAPH; SOLAR SPECTRUM; RED-RECTANGLE; DEBRIS DISKS;
S-PROCESS
AB Aims. By studying the photospheric abundances of 4 RV Tauri stars in the LMC, we test whether the depletion pattern of refractory elements, seen in similar Galactic sources, is also common for extragalactic sources. Since this depletion process probably only occurs through interaction with a stable disc, we investigate the circumstellar environment of these sources.
Methods. A detailed photospheric abundance study was performed using high-resolution UVES optical spectra. To study the circumstellar environment we use photometric data to construct the spectral energy distributions of the stars, and determine the geometry of the circumstellar environment, whereas low-resolution Spitzer-IRS infrared spectra are used to trace its mineralogy.
Results. Our results show that, also in the LMC, the photospheres of RV Tauri stars are commonly affected by the depletion process, although it can differ significantly in strength from source to source. From our detailed disc modelling and mineralogy study, we find that this process, as in the Galaxy, appears closely related to the presence of a stable Keplerian disc. The newly studied extragalactic objects have similar observational characteristics as Galactic post-AGB binaries surrounded by a dusty disc, and are therefore also believed to be part of a binary system. One source shows a very small infrared excess, atypical for a disc source, but still has evidence for depletion. We speculate this could point to the presence of a very evolved disc, similar to debris discs seen around young stellar objects.
C1 [Gielen, C.; Van Winckel, H.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Sterrekunde, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
[Reyniers, M.] Royal Meteorol Inst Belgium, Dept Observat, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium.
[Zijlstra, A.; Woods, P. M.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Evans, T. Lloyd] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland.
[Gordon, K. D.; Meixner, M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Indebetouw, R.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
[Marengo, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Matsuura, M.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Inst Origins, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Matsuura, M.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Inst Origins, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England.
[Sloan, G. C.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Tielens, A. G. G. M.] Leiden Observ, NL-2333 CA Leiden, Netherlands.
[Tielens, A. G. G. M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22906 USA.
RP Gielen, C (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Sterrekunde, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
EM clio.gielen@ster.kuleuven.be
RI Woods, Paul/E-6926-2011; Van Winckel, Hans/I-7863-2013; Kemper,
Francisca/D-8688-2011
OI Woods, Paul/0000-0003-4340-3590; Van Winckel, Hans/0000-0001-5158-9327;
Kemper, Francisca/0000-0003-2743-8240
FU Fund for Scientific Research of Flanders (FWO) [G. 0178.02., G. 0470.07]
FX C. G. and H. V. W. acknowledge support of the Fund for Scientific
Research of Flanders (FWO) under the grant G. 0178.02. and G. 0470.07.
This work is based on observations made with the Spitzer Space
Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
California Insitute of Technology, under a contract with NASA.
NR 57
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 1
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 508
IS 3
BP 1391
EP 1402
DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200912982
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 536PW
UT WOS:000273057300028
ER
PT J
AU Brusa, M
Fiore, F
Santini, P
Grazian, A
Comastri, A
Zamorani, G
Hasinger, G
Merloni, A
Civano, F
Fontana, A
Mainieri, V
AF Brusa, M.
Fiore, F.
Santini, P.
Grazian, A.
Comastri, A.
Zamorani, G.
Hasinger, G.
Merloni, A.
Civano, F.
Fontana, A.
Mainieri, V.
TI Black hole growth and starburst activity at z=0.6-4 in the Chandra Deep
Field South Host galaxies properties of obscured AGN
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: active; galaxies: starburst; X-rays: galaxies
ID RAY SPECTRAL PROPERTIES; POINT-SOURCE CATALOGS; GOODS-MUSIC SAMPLE;
X-RAY; GALACTIC NUCLEI; MASSIVE GALAXIES; STAR-FORMATION; HIGH-REDSHIFT;
LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; COSMOS FIELD
AB Aims. The co-evolution of host galaxies and the active black holes which reside in their centre is one of the most important topics in modern observational cosmology. Here we present a study of the properties of obscured active galactic nuclei (AGN) detected in the CDFS 1 Ms observation and their host galaxies.
Methods. We limited the analysis to the MUSIC area, for which deep K-band observations obtained with ISAAC@VLT are available, ensuring accurate identifications of the counterparts of the X-ray sources as well as reliable determination of photometric redshifts and galaxy parameters, such as stellar masses and star formation rates. In particular, we: 1) refined the X-ray/infrared/optical association of 179 sources in the MUSIC area detected in the Chandra observation; 2) studied the host galaxies observed and rest frame colors and properties.
Results. We found that X-ray selected (L(X) greater than or similar to 10(42) erg s(-1)) AGN show Spitzer colors consistent with both AGN and starburst dominated infrared continuum; the latter would not have been selected as AGN from infrared diagnostics. The host galaxies of X-ray selected obscured AGN are all massive (M(*) > 10(10) M(circle dot)) and, in 50% of the cases, are also actively forming stars (1/SSFR < t(Hubble)) in dusty environments. The median L/L(Edd) value of the active nucleus is between 2% and 10% depending on the assumed M(BH)/M(*) ratio. Finally, we found that the X-ray selected AGN fraction increases with the stellar mass up to a value of similar to 30% at z > 1 and M(*) > 3 x 10(11) M(circle dot), a fraction significantly higher than in the local Universe for AGN of similar luminosities.
C1 [Brusa, M.; Hasinger, G.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Fiore, F.; Santini, P.; Grazian, A.; Fontana, A.] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Rome, Italy.
[Comastri, A.; Zamorani, G.] Osservatorio Astron Bologna, INAF, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
[Hasinger, G.] Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Merloni, A.] Excellence Cluster Universe, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Civano, F.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Mainieri, V.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
RP Brusa, M (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
EM marcella@mpe.mpg.de
RI Comastri, Andrea/O-9543-2015;
OI Comastri, Andrea/0000-0003-3451-9970; Santini,
Paola/0000-0002-9334-8705; Brusa, Marcella/0000-0002-5059-6848; Fiore,
Fabrizio/0000-0002-4031-4157
FU XMM-Newton DLP grant [50-)G-0502]; ASI [I/088/06/0, I/016/07/0];
PRIN/MIUR [2006-02-5203]
FX The authors are grateful to P. N. Best for deriving the SDSS OIII source
fractions as a function of stellar mass with an optical luminosity cut
that matches the present X-ray data. M. B. and F. F. acknowledge useful
discussions with Roberto Gilli, Paolo Tozzi, John Silverman, Cristian
Vignali, G. Cesare Perola, Silvia Bonoli, Niel Brandt, Bin Luo, Hagai
Netzer and Jochen Greiner. We thank the anonymous referee for insightful
and detailed comments which helped in the presentation of the results.
M. B. acknowledges support from the XMM-Newton DLP grant 50-)G-0502; F.
F. and A. C. acknowledge support from ASI contracts I/088/06/0 and
I/016/07/0 and PRIN/MIUR 2006-02-5203.
NR 94
TC 71
Z9 71
U1 0
U2 2
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 507
IS 3
BP 1277
EP U119
DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200912261
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 524YR
UT WOS:000272180800013
ER
PT J
AU Bromley, BC
Kenyon, SJ
Brown, WR
Geller, MJ
AF Bromley, Benjamin C.
Kenyon, Scott J.
Brown, Warren R.
Geller, Margaret J.
TI RUNAWAY STARS, HYPERVELOCITY STARS, AND RADIAL VELOCITY SURVEYS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Galaxy: halo; Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics; Galaxy: stellar content;
Galaxy: structure; stars: early-type
ID HORIZONTAL-BRANCH STARS; MILKY-WAY TOMOGRAPHY; PALOMAR-GREEN SURVEY;
POPULATION-I STARS; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; FIELD O-STARS; B-TYPE STARS;
GALACTIC HALO; THICK DISK; MASSIVE STARS
AB Runaway stars ejected from the Galactic disk populate the halo of the Milky Way. To predict the spatial and kinematic properties of runaways, we inject stars into a Galactic potential, compute their trajectories through the Galaxy, and derive simulated catalogs for comparison with observations. Runaways have a flattened spatial distribution, with higher velocity stars at Galactic latitudes less than 30 degrees. Due to their shorter stellar lifetimes, massive runaway stars are more concentrated toward the disk than low mass runaways. Bound (unbound) runaways that reach the halo probably originate from distances of 6-12 kpc (10-15 kpc) from the Galactic center, close to the estimated origin of the unbound runaway star HD 271791. Because runaways are brighter and have smaller velocities than hypervelocity stars (HVSs), radial velocity surveys are unlikely to confuse runaway stars with HVSs. We estimate that at most one runaway star contaminates the current sample. We place an upper limit of 2% on the fraction of A-type main-sequence stars ejected as runaways.
C1 [Bromley, Benjamin C.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Kenyon, Scott J.; Brown, Warren R.; Geller, Margaret J.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Bromley, BC (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Phys, 115 S 1400 E,Rm 201, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
EM bromley@physics.utah.edu; skenyon@cfa.harvard.edu;
wbrown@cfa.harvard.edu; mgeller@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Kenyon, Scott/0000-0003-0214-609X
FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Smithsonian Institution
FX We acknowledge Elliott Barcikowsky's contribution to the early stages of
thiswork. Comments from an anonymous referee greatly improved our
presentation. This research makes use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System
Bibliographic Services and data products from the Sloan Digital Sky
Survey, which was funded by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation and
Participating Institutions. This work was supported in part by the
Smithsonian Institution.
NR 89
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 2
BP 925
EP 940
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/925
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 520TY
UT WOS:000271872900001
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, R
Chakrabarty, D
O'Sullivan, E
Raychaudhury, S
AF Johnson, Ria
Chakrabarty, Dalia
O'Sullivan, Ewan
Raychaudhury, Somak
TI COMPARING X-RAY AND DYNAMICAL MASS PROFILES IN THE EARLY-TYPE GALAXY NGC
4636
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies: individual (NGC
4636); galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; X-rays: galaxies
ID GLOBULAR-CLUSTER SYSTEM; DARK-MATTER HALOS; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; HOT GAS;
CHANDRA OBSERVATIONS; SPECTRAL PROPERTIES; STELLAR DYNAMICS; BLACK-HOLE;
XMM-NEWTON; SKY SURVEY
AB We present the results of an X-ray mass analysis of the early-type galaxy NGC 4636, using Chandra data. We have compared the X-ray mass density profile with that derived from a dynamical analysis of the system's globular clusters (GCs). Given the observed interaction between the central active galactic nucleus and the X-ray emitting gas in NGC 4636, we would expect to see a discrepancy in the masses recovered by the two methods. Such a discrepancy exists within the central similar to 10 kpc, which we interpret as the result of non-thermal pressure support or a local inflow. However, over the radial range similar to 10-30 kpc, the mass profiles agree within the 1 sigma errors, indicating that even in this highly disturbed system, agreement can be sought at an acceptable level of significance over intermediate radii, with both methods also indicating the need for a dark matter halo. However, at radii larger than 30 kpc, the X-ray mass exceeds the dynamical mass, by a factor of 4-5 at the largest disagreement. A Fully Bayesian Significance Test finds no statistical reason to reject our assumption of velocity isotropy, and an analysis of X-ray mass profiles in different directions from the galaxy center suggests that local disturbances at large radius are not the cause of the discrepancy. We instead attribute the discrepancy to the paucity of GC kinematics at large radius, coupled with not knowing the overall state of the gas at the radius where we are reaching the group regime (>30 kpc), or a combination of the two.
C1 [Johnson, Ria; Raychaudhury, Somak] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Chakrabarty, Dalia] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
[O'Sullivan, Ewan] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Johnson, R (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
EM ria@star.sr.bham.ac.uk; D.Chakrabarty@warwick.ac.uk
OI O'Sullivan, Ewan/0000-0002-5671-6900; Chakrabarty,
Dalia/0000-0003-1246-4235
FU STFC/PPARC; University of Birmingham; Royal Society Dorothy Hodgkin
Research Fellowship whilst at the University of Nottingham; NASA
[AR4-5012X, NNX07AR91G]
FX We are very grateful to the Royal Society for the kind contribution made
towards the publication of this paper. We thank Trevor Ponman for his
support and suggestions (including many fruitful discussions) throughout
this project, and also for providing very helpful comments on the
original manuscript. We also thank Bill Forman for useful discussions
during the project. R.J. thanks Alastair Sanderson for helpful
discussions and for providing the software for the initial stages of the
processing pipeline, and thanks Aaron Romanowsky for useful comments on
the original manuscript. R. J. acknowledges support from STFC/PPARC and
the University of Birmingham. D.C. acknowledges the support of a Royal
Society Dorothy Hodgkin Research Fellowship whilst at the University of
Nottingham. E.O.S. acknowledges support from NASA grants AR4-5012X and
NNX07AR91G. This research has made use of the NED, which is operated by
the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
NR 80
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 2
BP 980
EP 994
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/980
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 520TY
UT WOS:000271872900005
ER
PT J
AU Galvan-Madrid, R
Keto, E
Zhang, Q
Kurtz, S
Rodriguez, LF
Ho, PTP
AF Galvan-Madrid, Roberto
Keto, Eric
Zhang, Qizhou
Kurtz, Stan
Rodriguez, Luis F.
Ho, Paul T. P.
TI FORMATION OF AN O-STAR CLUSTER BY HIERARCHICAL ACCRETION IN G20.08-0.14
N
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE H II regions; ISM: individual (G20.08-0.14); masers; stars: formation
ID H-II REGIONS; HYPERCOMPACT HII-REGIONS; HIGH-RESOLUTION OBSERVATIONS;
YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; WATER MASER EMISSION; W51 MASSIVE CORES;
MOLECULAR CLOUDS; FORMING REGIONS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; HOT CORE
AB Spectral line and continuum observations of the ionized and molecular gas in G20.08-0.14 N explore the dynamics of accretion over a range of spatial scales in this massive star-forming region. Very Large Array (VLA) observations of NH(3) at 4 '' angular resolution show a large-scale (0.5 pc) molecular accretion flow around and into a star cluster with three small, bright H II regions. Higher resolution (0.'' 4) observations with the Submillimeter Array in hot core molecules (CH(3)CN, OCS, and SO(2)) and the VLA in NH(3) show that the two brightest and smallest H II regions are themselves surrounded by smaller scale (0.05 pc) accretion flows. The axes of rotation of the large- and small-scale flows are aligned, and the timescale for the contraction of the cloud is short enough, 0.1 Myr, for the large-scale accretion flow to deliver significant mass to the smaller scales within the star formation timescale. The flow structure appears to be continuous and hierarchical from larger to smaller scales. Millimeter radio recombination line (RRL) observations at 0.'' 4 angular resolution indicate rotation and outflow of the ionized gas within the brightest H II region (A). The broad recombination lines and a continuum spectral energy distribution (SED) that rises continuously from cm to mm wavelengths, are both characteristic of the class of H II regions known as "broad recombination line objects." The SED indicates a density gradient inside this H II region, and the RRLs suggest supersonic flows. These observations are consistent with photoevaporation of the inner part of the rotationally flattened molecular accretion flow. We also report the serendipitous detection of a new NH(3) (3,3) maser.
C1 [Galvan-Madrid, Roberto; Keto, Eric; Zhang, Qizhou; Ho, Paul T. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Galvan-Madrid, Roberto; Kurtz, Stan; Rodriguez, Luis F.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58090, Michoacan, Mexico.
[Galvan-Madrid, Roberto; Ho, Paul T. P.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
RP Galvan-Madrid, R (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM rgalvan@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589
FU SMA
FX We thank the anonymous referee for a detailed report. We also thank
Keping Qiu for his comments on the temperature determination. R.G.-M.
acknowledges support from an SMA predoctoral fellowship.
NR 95
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 2
BP 1036
EP 1053
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/1036
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 520TY
UT WOS:000271872900009
ER
PT J
AU Newman, AB
Treu, T
Ellis, RS
Sand, DJ
Richard, J
Marshall, PJ
Capak, P
Miyazaki, S
AF Newman, Andrew B.
Treu, Tommaso
Ellis, Richard S.
Sand, David J.
Richard, Johan
Marshall, Philip J.
Capak, Peter
Miyazaki, Satoshi
TI THE DISTRIBUTION OF DARK MATTER OVER THREE DECADES IN RADIUS IN THE
LENSING CLUSTER ABELL 611
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE dark matter; galaxies: clusters: individual (Abell 611); galaxies:
elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies: formation; gravitational
lensing
ID EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; SURFACE BRIGHTNESS GALAXIES;
HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; X-RAY; MASS-DISTRIBUTION;
DENSITY PROFILES; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; ADIABATIC CONTRACTION;
SUNYAEV-ZELDOVICH
AB We present a detailed analysis of the baryonic and dark matter distribution in the lensing cluster Abell 611 (z = 0.288), with the goal of determining the dark matter profile over an unprecedented range of cluster-centric distance. By combining three complementary probes of the mass distribution, weak lensing from multi-color Subaru imaging, strong lensing constraints based on the identification of multiply imaged sources in Hubble Space Telescope images, and resolved stellar velocity dispersion measures for the brightest cluster galaxy secured using the Keck telescope, we extend the methodology for separating the dark and baryonic mass components introduced by Sand et al. Our resulting dark matter profile samples the cluster from similar to 3 kpc to 3.25 Mpc, thereby providing an excellent basis for comparisons with recent numerical models. We demonstrate that only by combining our three observational techniques can degeneracies in constraining the form of the dark matter profile be broken on scales crucial for detailed comparisons with numerical simulations. Our analysis reveals that a simple Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) profile is an unacceptable fit to our data. We confirm earlier claims based on less extensive analyses of other clusters that the inner profile of the dark matter profile deviates significantly from the NFW form and find a inner logarithmic slope beta flatter than 0.3 (68%; where rho(DM) alpha r(-beta) at small radii). In order to reconcile our data with cluster formation in a Lambda CDM cosmology, we speculate that it may be necessary to revise our understanding of the nature of baryon-dark matter interactions in cluster cores. Comprehensive weak and strong lensing data, when coupled with kinematic information on the brightest cluster galaxy, can readily be applied to a larger sample of clusters to test the universality of these results.
C1 [Newman, Andrew B.; Ellis, Richard S.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Treu, Tommaso; Marshall, Philip J.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Sand, David J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Richard, Johan] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
[Capak, Peter] Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Miyazaki, Satoshi] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Tokyo 1818588, Japan.
RP Newman, AB (reprint author), CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM anewman@astro.caltech.edu
OI Newman, Andrew B./0000-0001-7769-8660
FU Royal Society; EU Marie Curie fellowship; NSF [NSF-0642621]; Sloan
Foundation; Packard Foundation; National Aeronautics and Space
Administration
FX We are grateful to Steve Allen for kindly providing X-ray measurements
of the Abell 611 gas profile, and to Herve Aussel, Hisanori Furusawa,
and Yutaka Komiyama for assistance with photometric calibration. We
thank Eric Jullo, Jason Rhodes, Joel Berge, Jean-Paul Kneib, Graham
Smith, Richard Massey, and Simon White for their assistance and
stimulating discussion. We acknowledge the anonymous referee for helpful
suggestions. R.S.E. acknowledges financial support from the Royal
Society. J.R. acknowledges support from an EU Marie Curie fellowship.
T.T. acknowledges support from the NSF through CAREER award NSF-0642621,
by the Sloan Foundation through a Sloan Research Fellowship, and by the
Packard Foundation through a Packard Fellowship. The authors wish to
recognize and acknowledge the cultural role and reverence that the
summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian
community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct
observations from this mountain. This research has made use of the
NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database, which is operated by the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
NR 102
TC 87
Z9 87
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 2
BP 1078
EP 1094
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/1078
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 520TY
UT WOS:000271872900012
ER
PT J
AU Elias-Rosa, N
Van Dyk, SD
Li, WD
Morrell, N
Gonzalez, S
Hamuy, M
Filippenko, AV
Cuillandre, JC
Foley, RJ
Smith, N
AF Elias-Rosa, Nancy
Van Dyk, Schuyler D.
Li, Weidong
Morrell, Nidia
Gonzalez, Sergio
Hamuy, Mario
Filippenko, Alexei V.
Cuillandre, Jean-Charles
Foley, Ryan J.
Smith, Nathan
TI ON THE PROGENITOR OF THE TYPE II-PLATEAU SN 2008cn in NGC 4603
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: individual (NGC 4603); stars: evolution; supernovae: general;
supernovae: individual (SN 2008cn)
ID RED SUPERGIANT PROGENITOR; EXPANDING PHOTOSPHERE METHOD; CORE-COLLAPSE
SUPERNOVAE; P SUPERNOVAE; STELLAR PHOTOMETRY; MASSIVE STARS; DISTANCE;
1999EM; GALAXY; WFPC2
AB A trend is emerging regarding the progenitor stars that give rise to the most common core-collapse supernovae (SNe), those of Type II-Plateau (II-P): they generally appear to be red supergiants with a limited range of initial masses, similar to 8-16 M(circle dot). Here, we consider another example, SN 2008cn, in the nearly face-on spiral galaxy NGC 4603. Even with limited photometric data, it appears that SN 2008cn is not a normal SN II-P, but is of the high-luminosity subclass. Through comparison of pre- and post-explosion images obtained with the Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 on board the Hubble Space Telescope, we have isolated a supergiant star prior to explosion at nearly the same position as the SN. We provide evidence that this supergiant may well be the progenitor of the SN, although this identification is not entirely unambiguous. This is exacerbated by the distance to the host galaxy, 33.3 Mpc, making SN 2008cn the most distant SN II- P yet for which an attempt has been made to identify a progenitor star in pre-SN images. The progenitor candidate has a more yellow color ([V-I](0) = 0.98 mag and T(eff) = 5200 +/- 300 K) than generally would be expected and, if a single star, would require that it exploded during a "blue loop" evolutionary phase, which is theoretically not expected to occur. Nonetheless, we estimate an initial mass of M(ini) = 15 +/- 2M(circle dot) for this star, which is within the expected mass range for SN II-P progenitors. The yellower color could also arise from the blend of two or more stars, such as a red supergiant and a brighter, blue supergiant. Such a red supergiant hidden in this blend could instead be the progenitor and would also have an initial mass within the expected progenitor mass range. Furthermore, the yellow supergiant could be in a massive, interacting binary system, analogous to the possible yellow supergiant progenitor of the high-luminosity SN II-P 2004et. Finally, if the yellow supergiant is not the progenitor, or is not a stellar blend or binary containing the progenitor, then we constrain any undetected progenitor star to be a red supergiant with M(ini) less than or similar to 11 M(circle dot), considering a physically more realistic scenario of explosion at the model endpoint luminosity for a rotating star.
C1 [Elias-Rosa, Nancy; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Li, Weidong; Filippenko, Alexei V.; Foley, Ryan J.; Smith, Nathan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Morrell, Nidia; Gonzalez, Sergio] Carnegie Observ, Las Campanas Observ, La Serena, Chile.
[Hamuy, Mario] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile.
[Cuillandre, Jean-Charles] Canada France Hawaii Telescope Corp, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA.
[Foley, Ryan J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Elias-Rosa, N (reprint author), CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, 1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM nelias@ipac.caltech.edu; vandyk@ipac.caltech.edu
RI Elias-Rosa, Nancy/D-3759-2014; Hamuy, Mario/G-7541-2016;
OI Elias-Rosa, Nancy/0000-0002-1381-9125; Van Dyk,
Schuyler/0000-0001-9038-9950
FU Space Telescope Science Institute [AR-10952, AR-11248, GO-11119]; NASA
[NAS 5-26555]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [AST-0306969]; FONDECYT
[1060808]; "Programa Bicentenario de Ciencia y Tecnologia de CONICYT"
[P06-045-F]; "Programa Iniciativa Cientifica Milenio de MIDEPLAN";
Centro de Astrofisica [FONDAP 1501000]; Center of Excellence in
Astrophysics and Associated Technologies [PFB 06]
FX Facilities: HST (WFPC2), Magellan: Baade (IMACS), Swope
NR 49
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 2
BP 1174
EP 1183
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/1174
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 520TY
UT WOS:000271872900018
ER
PT J
AU Bradac, M
Treu, T
Applegate, D
Gonzalez, AH
Clowe, D
Forman, W
Jones, C
Marshall, P
Schneider, P
Zaritsky, D
AF Bradac, Marusa
Treu, Tommaso
Applegate, Douglas
Gonzalez, Anthony H.
Clowe, Douglas
Forman, William
Jones, Christine
Marshall, Phil
Schneider, Peter
Zaritsky, Dennis
TI FOCUSING COSMIC TELESCOPES: EXPLORING REDSHIFT z similar to 5-6 GALAXIES
WITH THE BULLET CLUSTER 1E0657-56
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE dark matter; galaxies: clusters: individual (1E0657-56); galaxies:
high-redshift; gravitational lensing
ID LYMAN-BREAK GALAXIES; ULTRA-DEEP-FIELD; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; UV
LUMINOSITY FUNCTIONS; DARK-MATTER; MASS-DISTRIBUTION; FORMATION HISTORY;
LENSING CLUSTERS; WEAK; RECONSTRUCTION
AB The gravitational potential of clusters of galaxies acts as a cosmic telescope allowing us to find and study galaxies at fainter limits than otherwise possible and thus probe closer to the epoch of formation of the first galaxies. We use the Bullet cluster 1E0657 - 56 (z = 0.296) as a case study, because its high mass and merging configuration makes it one of the most efficient cosmic telescopes we know. We develop a new algorithm to reconstruct the gravitational potential of the Bullet cluster based on a non-uniform adaptive grid, combining strong and weak gravitational lensing data derived from deep Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys F606W-F775W-F850LP and ground-based imaging. We exploit this improved mass map to study z similar to 5-6 Lyman break galaxies (LBGs), which we detect as dropouts. One of the LBGs is multiply imaged, providing a geometric confirmation of its high redshift, and is used to further improve our mass model. We quantify the uncertainties in the magnification map reconstruction in the intrinsic source luminosity, and in the volume surveyed, and show that they are negligible compared to sample variance when determining the luminosity function of high-redshift galaxies. With shallower and comparable magnitude limits to Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF) and Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS), the Bullet cluster observations, after correcting for magnification, probe deeper into the luminosity function of the high-redshift galaxies than GOODS and only slightly shallower than HUDF. We conclude that accurately focused cosmic telescopes are the most efficient way to sample the bright end of the luminosity function of high-redshift galaxies and-in case they are multiply imaged-confirm their redshifts.
C1 [Marshall, Phil] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Applegate, Douglas] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Gonzalez, Anthony H.] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Clowe, Douglas] Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clippinger Labs 251B, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
[Forman, William; Jones, Christine] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Schneider, Peter] Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
[Zaritsky, Dennis] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM marusa@physics.ucdavis.edu
OI Forman, William/0000-0002-9478-1682
FU Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) [HST-GO-10200, HST-GO-10863,
HST-GO-11099]; NASA [NAS 5-26555, NNX08AD79G, HST-HF-01206]; NSF
[NSF-0642621]; Sloan Foundation; Packard Foundation; U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; TABASGO foundation
FX We thank Massimo Stiavelli for many useful discussions and help with
data reduction/acquisition, Alaina Henry for her comments on this
manuscript and Maxim Markevitch, for many useful discussions and help
with IRAC and Chandra data, and Moses Marsh for his assistance during
the early stages of this project. Support for this work was provided by
NASA through grant numbers HST-GO-10200, HST-GO-10863, and HST-GO-11099
from the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI), which is operated by
AURA, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555 and NNX08AD79G. M. B.
acknowledges support from NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant no.
HST-HF-01206 awarded by the STScI. T.T. acknowledges support from the
NSF through CAREER award NSF-0642621, by the Sloan Foundation through a
Sloan Research Fellowship, and by the Packard Foundation through a
Packard Fellowship. D.A. acknowledges support from the U.S. Department
of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-76SF00515. P.J.M. acknowledges
support from the TABASGO foundation in the form of a research
fellowship. This research has made use of data obtained from the Chandra
Data Archive and software provided by the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC).
NR 71
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 7
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 2
BP 1201
EP 1212
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/1201
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 520TY
UT WOS:000271872900021
ER
PT J
AU Lemiere, A
Slane, P
Gaensler, BM
Murray, S
AF Lemiere, A.
Slane, P.
Gaensler, B. M.
Murray, S.
TI HIGH-RESOLUTION X-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF THE PULSAR WIND NEBULA ASSOCIATED
WITH THE GAMMA-RAY SOURCE HESSJ 1640-465
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM: individual (G338.30.0); pulsars: general; supernova remnants;
X-rays: individual (XMMUJ164045.4-463131, HESS J1640-465)
ID XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; GALACTIC PLANE SURVEY; HIGH-ENERGY; SUPERNOVA
REMNANT; INNER GALAXY; EMISSION; G21.5-0.9; EVOLUTION; CATALOG; FIELD
AB We present a Chandra X-ray observation of the very high energy gamma-ray source HESS J1640-465. We identify a point source surrounded by a diffuse emission that fills the extended object previously detected by XMM-Newton at the centroid of the HESS source, within the shell of the radio supernova remnant (SNR) G338.3-0.0. The morphology of the diffuse emission strongly resembles that of a pulsar wind nebula (PWN) and extends asymmetrically to the southwest of a point source presented as a potential pulsar. The spectrum of the putative pulsar and compact nebula are well characterized by an absorbed power-law model which, for a reasonable NH value of 14 x 10(22) cm(-2), exhibit an index of 1.1 and 2.5 respectively, typical of Vela-like PWNe. We demonstrate that, given the H I absorption features observed along the line of sight, the SNR and the H II surrounding region are probably connected and lie between 8 kpc and 13 kpc. The resulting age of the system is between 10 and 30 kyr. For a 10 kpc distance (also consistent with the X-ray absorption) the 2-10 keV X-ray luminosities of the putative pulsar and nebula are L(PSR) similar to 1.3 x 10(33) d(10)(2) kpc erg s(-1) and L(PWN) similar to 3.9 x 10(33) d(10)(2) erg s(-1) (d(10) = d/10 kpc). Both the flux ratio of L(PWN)/L(PSR) similar to 3.4 and the total luminosity of this system predict a pulsar spin-down power around. (E) over dot similar to 4 x 10(36) erg s(-1). We finally consider several reasons for the asymmetries observed in the PWN morphology and discuss the potential association with the HESS source in terms of a time-dependent one-zone leptonic model.
C1 [Lemiere, A.; Slane, P.; Murray, S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Gaensler, B. M.] Univ Sydney, Inst Astron, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
RP Lemiere, A (reprint author), CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl, 15 Rue Georges Clemenceau, F-91400 Orsay, France.
RI Gaensler, Bryan/F-8655-2010;
OI Gaensler, Bryan/0000-0002-3382-9558
FU Australian Research Council [FF0561298]
FX The authors acknowledge the support of their host institutions. B.M.G
acknowledges the support of the Australian Research Council through a
Federation Fellowship (grant FF0561298).
NR 35
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 2
BP 1269
EP 1276
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/1269
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 520TY
UT WOS:000271872900026
ER
PT J
AU Martin, S
Martin-Pintado, J
Viti, S
AF Martin, Sergio
Martin-Pintado, J.
Viti, S.
TI PHOTODISSOCIATION CHEMISTRY FOOTPRINTS IN THE STARBURST GALAXY NGC 253
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: abundances; galaxies: individual (NGC 253); galaxies: ISM;
galaxies: starburst
ID PHOTON-DOMINATED REGIONS; NEARBY GALAXIES; DENSE GAS; NUCLEAR STARBURST;
MOLECULAR CLOUDS; GALACTIC-CENTER; HCO EMISSION; ORION BAR; NGC-253; M82
AB UV radiation from massive stars is thought to be the dominant heating mechanism of the nuclear interstellar medium (ISM) in the late stages of evolution of starburst galaxies, creating large photodissociation regions (PDRs) and driving a very specific chemistry. We report the first detection of PDR molecular tracers, namely HOC(+) and CO(+), and also confirm the detection of the PDR tracer HCO toward the starburst galaxy NGC 253, claimed to be mainly dominated by shock heating and in an earlier stage of evolution than M 82, the prototypical extragalactic PDR. Our CO(+) detection suffers from significant blending to a group of transitions of (13)CH(3)OH, tentatively detected for the first time in the extragalactic ISM. These species are efficiently formed in the highly UV-irradiated outer layers of molecular clouds, as observed in the late stage nuclear starburst in M 82. The molecular abundance ratios we derive for these molecules are very similar to those found in M 82. This strongly supports the idea that these molecules are tracing the PDR component associated with the starburst in the nuclear region of NGC 253. The presence of large abundances of PDR molecules in the ISM of NGC 253, which is dominated by shock chemistry, clearly illustrates the potential of chemical complexity studies to establish the evolutionary state of starbursts in galaxies. A comparison with the predictions of chemical models for PDRs shows that the observed molecular ratios are tracing the outer layers of UV-illuminated clouds up to two magnitudes of visual extinction. We combine the column densities of PDR tracers reported in this paper with those of easily photodissociated species, such as HNCO, to derive the fraction of material in the well-shielded core relative to the UV-pervaded envelopes. Chemical models, which include grain formation and photodissociation of HNCO, support the scenario of a photo-dominated chemistry as an explanation to the abundances of the observed species. From this comparison, we conclude that the molecular clouds in NGC 253 are more massive and with larger column densities than those in M 82, as expected from the evolutionary stage of the starbursts in both galaxies.
C1 [Martin, Sergio] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Martin-Pintado, J.] CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrophys, Madrid 28850, Spain.
[Viti, S.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England.
RP Martin, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM smartin@cfa.harvard.edu
RI Martin-Pintado, Jesus/H-6107-2015
OI Martin-Pintado, Jesus/0000-0003-4561-3508
FU Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [ESP200765812-C02-01];
"Comunidad de Madrid" Government [S-0505/ESP-0237]
FX This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de
Ciencia e Innovacion under project ESP200765812-C02-01 and by the
"Comunidad de Madrid" Government under PRICIT project S-0505/ESP-0237
(ASTROCAM).
NR 44
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 2
BP 1323
EP 1330
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/1323
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 520TY
UT WOS:000271872900031
ER
PT J
AU Myers, PC
AF Myers, Philip C.
TI ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF PROTOSTAR MASSES
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM: clouds; stars: formation
ID MOLECULAR CLOUD CORES; INFRARED-DARK CLOUDS; STAR-FORMATION; DENSE
CORES; GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE; GALACTIC DISTRIBUTION; SOLAR
NEIGHBORHOOD; INITIAL CONDITIONS; STELLAR CLUSTERS; PRESTELLAR CORES
AB The distribution of protostar masses is studied for core-environment systems whose duration of infall follows a waiting-time distribution. Each core-environment system has a continuous density profile with no barrier to mass flow. The core is an isothermal sphere and the environment is a filament, a layer, or a uniform medium. The infall is terminated by gas dispersal due to outflows and turbulence. The distribution of infall durations is a declining exponential, the simplest waiting-time distribution. The resulting distribution of protostar masses closely resembles the initial mass function, provided the environment density is sufficiently high, and the distribution of initial core masses is sufficiently narrow. The high-mass tail of the mass function increases strongly with environment density and weakly with environment dimension. "Isolated" regions of low environment density form protostars of low mass from within the parent core. In contrast, "clustered" regions of high environment density form protostars of low mass from core gas, and protostars of high mass from core and environment gas.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Myers, PC (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM pmyers@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 78
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 2
BP 1341
EP 1352
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/1341
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 520TY
UT WOS:000271872900033
ER
PT J
AU Mediavilla, E
Munoz, JA
Falco, E
Motta, V
Guerras, E
Canovas, H
Jean, C
Oscoz, A
Mosquera, AM
AF Mediavilla, E.
Munoz, J. A.
Falco, E.
Motta, V.
Guerras, E.
Canovas, H.
Jean, C.
Oscoz, A.
Mosquera, A. M.
TI MICROLENSING-BASED ESTIMATE OF THE MASS FRACTION IN COMPACT OBJECTS IN
LENS GALAXIES
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE dark matter; galaxies: halos; gravitational lensing
ID LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; QUADRUPLE GRAVITATIONAL
LENSES; BROAD EMISSION-LINES; QUASAR PG 1115+080; LIGHT CURVES;
DARK-MATTER; DOUBLE QSO; X-RAY; GALACTIC HALO
AB We estimate the fraction of mass that is composed of compact objects in gravitational lens galaxies. This study is based on microlensing measurements (obtained from the literature) of a sample of 29 quasar image pairs seen through 20 lens galaxies. We determine the baseline for no microlensing magnification between two images from the ratios of emission line fluxes. Relative to this baseline, the ratio between the continua of the two images gives the difference in microlensing magnification. The histogram of observed microlensing events peaks close to no magnification and is concentrated below 0.6 mag, although two events of high magnification, Delta m similar to 1.5, are also present. We study the likelihood of the microlensing measurements using frequency distributions obtained from simulated microlensing magnification maps for different values of the fraction of mass in compact objects, alpha. The concentration of microlensing measurements close to Delta m similar to 0 can be explained only by simulations corresponding to very low values of alpha (10% or less). A maximum likelihood test yields alpha = 0.05(+0.03)(-0.09) (90% confidence interval) for a quasar continuum source of intrinsic size r(s0) similar to 2.6 x 10(15) cm. This estimate is valid in the 0.1-10 M-circle dot range of microlens masses. We study the dependence of the estimate of alpha with r(s0), and find that alpha less than or similar to 0.1 for r(s0) less than or similar to 1.3 x 10(16) cm. High values of a are possible only for source sizes much larger than commonly expected (r(s0) >> 2.6 x 10(16) cm). Regarding the current controversy about Milky Way/LMC and M31 microlensing studies, our work supports the hypothesis of a very low content in MACHOS (Massive Compact Halo Objects). In fact, according to our study, quasar microlensing probably arises from the normal star populations of lens galaxies and there is no statistical evidence for MACHOS in the dark halos.
C1 [Mediavilla, E.; Guerras, E.; Canovas, H.; Oscoz, A.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Tenerife 38200, Spain.
[Mediavilla, E.; Jean, C.; Mosquera, A. M.] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38205 Tenerife, Spain.
[Munoz, J. A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Astron & Astrofis, E-46100 Valencia, Spain.
[Falco, E.] FLWO, Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
[Motta, V.] Univ Valparaiso, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis & Astron, Valparaiso, Chile.
RP Mediavilla, E (reprint author), Inst Astrofis Canarias, Via Lactea S-N, Tenerife 38200, Spain.
OI Canovas, Hector/0000-0001-7668-8022
FU European Community [MRTN-CT-505183]; Ministerio of Educacion y Ciencia
of Spain [AYA2004-08243-C03-01, AYA2004-08243-C03-03]; FONDECYT
[1071008]; Generalitat Valenciana [PROMETEO/2009/64]
FX We thank the anonymous referee for valuable comments and suggestions. We
are grateful to A. Eigenbrod, P. Green, M. Oguri, L. Wisotzki, and O.
Wucknitz for kindly providing spectra. This work was supported by the
European Community's Sixth Framework Marie Curie RTN (MRTN-CT-505183
"ANGLES") and by the Ministerio of Educacion y Ciencia of Spain with the
grants AYA2004-08243-C03-01 and AYA2004-08243-C03-03. V. M. acknowledges
support by FONDECYT grant 1071008. J. A. M. is also supported by the
Generalitat Valenciana with the grant PROMETEO/2009/64.
NR 58
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 2
BP 1451
EP 1462
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/1451
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 520TY
UT WOS:000271872900039
ER
PT J
AU Brunken, S
Yu, Z
Gottlieb, CA
McCarthy, MC
Thaddeus, P
AF Bruenken, S.
Yu, Z.
Gottlieb, C. A.
McCarthy, M. C.
Thaddeus, P.
TI LABORATORY DETECTION OF THIOCYANIC ACID HSCN
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM: individual (Sgr B2); ISM: molecules; line: identification;
molecular data; molecular processes; radio lines: ISM
ID STATE SPECTROSCOPIC CONSTANTS; PURE ROTATIONAL SPECTRA; MILLIMETER WAVE
SPECTRA; ISOTHIOCYANIC ACID; ASTRONOMICAL IDENTIFICATION; HOT CORES;
HNCS; MOLECULES; MICROWAVE; ISOMERS
AB The rotational spectrum of thiocyanic acid HSCN, a highly polar isomer of the well-known astronomical molecule isothiocyanic acid HNCS, has been measured in two radio bands: in the centimeter-wave band by Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy in a molecular beam, and in the millimeter-wave band by long-path absorption spectroscopy in a low-pressure glow discharge. Twelve spectroscopic constants were derived from more than 60 a-type rotational transitions between 11 and 346 GHz with J up to 30 and K(a) <= 6, including seven centimeter-wave transitions with resolved hyperfine structure. With these constants the rotational spectrum in the K(a) = 0 and K(a) = 1 ladders-those most likely to be observed in space-can now be calculated up to 400 GHz with formal uncertainties of less than 0.2 km s(-1) in equivalent radial velocity. Thiocyanic acid was recently identified in Sgr B2 by Halfen et al. following the laboratory measurements, and there is possible evidence for it in cold dark clouds, with the implication that HSCN may be detectable in many galactic sources.
C1 [Bruenken, S.; Yu, Z.; Gottlieb, C. A.; McCarthy, M. C.; Thaddeus, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Bruenken, S.; Yu, Z.; Gottlieb, C. A.; McCarthy, M. C.; Thaddeus, P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Brunken, S (reprint author), Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, Zulpicher Str 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany.
EM sbruenken@cfa.harvard.edu; cgottlieb@cfa.harvard.edu;
mccarthy@cfa.harvard.edu; pthaddeus@cfa.harvard.edu
RI Brunken, Sandra/B-1880-2010
OI Brunken, Sandra/0000-0001-7175-4828
FU NSF [CHE-0701204]; NASA [NNX08AE05G]
FX This work is supported by NSF grant CHE-0701204 and NASA grant
NNX08AE05G.
NR 25
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 8
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 2
BP 1588
EP 1593
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/1588
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 520TY
UT WOS:000271872900048
ER
PT J
AU Acciari, VA
Aliu, E
Arlen, T
Aune, T
Bautista, M
Beilicke, M
Benbow, W
Boltuch, D
Bradbury, SM
Buckley, JH
Bugaev, V
Byrum, K
Cannon, A
Celik, O
Cesarini, A
Ciupik, L
Cogan, P
Cui, W
Dickherber, R
Duke, C
Fegan, SJ
Finley, JP
Fortin, P
Fortson, L
Furniss, A
Galante, N
Gall, D
Gibbs, K
Gillanders, GH
Godambe, S
Grube, J
Guenette, R
Gyuk, G
Hanna, D
Holder, J
Horan, D
Hui, CM
Humensky, TB
Imran, A
Kaaret, P
Karlsson, N
Kertzman, M
Kieda, D
Konopelko, A
Krawczynski, H
Krennrich, F
Lang, MJ
LeBohec, S
Maier, G
McCann, A
McCutcheon, M
Millis, J
Moriarty, P
Mukherjee, R
Ong, RA
Otte, AN
Pandel, D
Perkins, JS
Pohl, M
Quinn, J
Ragan, K
Reynolds, PT
Roache, E
Rose, HJ
Schroedter, M
Sembroski, GH
Smith, AW
Steele, D
Swordy, SP
Theiling, M
Toner, JA
Varlotta, A
Vassiliev, VV
Vincent, S
Wagner, RG
Wakely, SP
Ward, JE
Weekes, TC
Weinstein, A
Weisgarber, T
Williams, DA
Wissel, S
Wood, M
Zitzer, B
Kataoka, J
Cavazzuti, E
Cheung, CC
Lott, B
Thompson, DJ
Tosti, G
AF Acciari, V. A.
Aliu, E.
Arlen, T.
Aune, T.
Bautista, M.
Beilicke, M.
Benbow, W.
Boltuch, D.
Bradbury, S. M.
Buckley, J. H.
Bugaev, V.
Byrum, K.
Cannon, A.
Celik, O.
Cesarini, A.
Ciupik, L.
Cogan, P.
Cui, W.
Dickherber, R.
Duke, C.
Fegan, S. J.
Finley, J. P.
Fortin, P.
Fortson, L.
Furniss, A.
Galante, N.
Gall, D.
Gibbs, K.
Gillanders, G. H.
Godambe, S.
Grube, J.
Guenette, R.
Gyuk, G.
Hanna, D.
Holder, J.
Horan, D.
Hui, C. M.
Humensky, T. B.
Imran, A.
Kaaret, P.
Karlsson, N.
Kertzman, M.
Kieda, D.
Konopelko, A.
Krawczynski, H.
Krennrich, F.
Lang, M. J.
LeBohec, S.
Maier, G.
McCann, A.
McCutcheon, M.
Millis, J.
Moriarty, P.
Mukherjee, R.
Ong, R. A.
Otte, A. N.
Pandel, D.
Perkins, J. S.
Pohl, M.
Quinn, J.
Ragan, K.
Reynolds, P. T.
Roache, E.
Rose, H. J.
Schroedter, M.
Sembroski, G. H.
Smith, A. W.
Steele, D.
Swordy, S. P.
Theiling, M.
Toner, J. A.
Varlotta, A.
Vassiliev, V. V.
Vincent, S.
Wagner, R. G.
Wakely, S. P.
Ward, J. E.
Weekes, T. C.
Weinstein, A.
Weisgarber, T.
Williams, D. A.
Wissel, S.
Wood, M.
Zitzer, B.
Kataoka, J.
Cavazzuti, E.
Cheung, C. C.
Lott, B.
Thompson, D. J.
Tosti, G.
TI VERITAS UPPER LIMIT ON THE VERY HIGH ENERGY EMISSION FROM THE RADIO
GALAXY NGC 1275
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: individual (NGC 1275, 3C 84, Perseus A); galaxies: Seyfert;
gamma rays: observations
ID GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; ATMOSPHERIC CHERENKOV
TELESCOPES; PEAKED BL-LACERTAE; PROTON BLAZAR; DISCOVERY; RADIATION;
JETS; MARKARIAN-501; PARAMETERS
AB The recent detection by the Fermi gamma-ray space telescope of high-energy gamma-rays from the radio galaxy NGC 1275 makes the observation of the very high energy (VHE: E > 100 GeV) part of its broadband spectrum particularly interesting, especially for the understanding of active galactic nuclei with misaligned multi-structured jets. The radio galaxy NGC 1275 was recently observed by VERITAS at energies above 100 GeV for about 8 hr. No VHE gamma-ray emission was detected by VERITAS from NGC 1275. A 99% confidence level upper limit of 2.1% of the Crab Nebula flux level is obtained at the decorrelation energy of approximately 340 GeV, corresponding to 19% of the power-law extrapolation of the Fermi Large Area Telescope result.
C1 [Acciari, V. A.; Benbow, W.; Galante, N.; Gibbs, K.; Perkins, J. S.; Roache, E.; Theiling, M.; Weekes, T. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
[Acciari, V. A.; Moriarty, P.] Galway Mayo Inst Technol, Dept Life & Phys Sci, Galway, Ireland.
[Aliu, E.; Boltuch, D.; Holder, J.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Aliu, E.; Boltuch, D.; Holder, J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Arlen, T.; Celik, O.; Fegan, S. J.; Ong, R. A.; Vassiliev, V. V.; Weinstein, A.; Wood, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Aune, T.; Furniss, A.; Otte, A. N.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Aune, T.; Furniss, A.; Otte, A. N.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Bautista, M.; Cogan, P.; Guenette, R.; Hanna, D.; Maier, G.; McCann, A.; McCutcheon, M.; Ragan, K.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
[Beilicke, M.; Buckley, J. H.; Bugaev, V.; Dickherber, R.; Krawczynski, H.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Bradbury, S. M.; Rose, H. J.] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
[Byrum, K.; Smith, A. W.; Wagner, R. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Cannon, A.; Grube, J.; Quinn, J.; Ward, J. E.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland.
[Cesarini, A.; Gillanders, G. H.; Lang, M. J.; Toner, J. A.] Natl Univ Ireland, Sch Phys, Galway, Ireland.
[Ciupik, L.; Fortson, L.; Gyuk, G.; Karlsson, N.; Steele, D.] Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA.
[Cui, W.; Finley, J. P.; Gall, D.; Sembroski, G. H.; Varlotta, A.; Zitzer, B.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Duke, C.] Grinnell Coll, Dept Phys, Grinnell, IA 50112 USA.
[Fortin, P.; Mukherjee, R.] Columbia Univ, Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Godambe, S.; Hui, C. M.; Kieda, D.; LeBohec, S.; Vincent, S.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
[Humensky, T. B.; Swordy, S. P.; Wakely, S. P.; Weisgarber, T.; Wissel, S.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Imran, A.; Krennrich, F.; Pohl, M.; Schroedter, M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Kaaret, P.; Pandel, D.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Kertzman, M.] Depauw Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA.
[Konopelko, A.] Pittsburg State Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburg, KS 66762 USA.
[Millis, J.] Anderson Univ, Dept Phys, Anderson, IN 46012 USA.
[Reynolds, P. T.] Cork Inst Technol, Dept Appl Phys & Instrumentat, Cork, Ireland.
[Theiling, M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan.
[Cavazzuti, E.] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy.
[Cheung, C. C.; Thompson, D. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Lott, B.] Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, UMR 5797, IN2P3, F-33175 Gradignan, France.
[Lott, B.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France.
[Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
[Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
RP Galante, N (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
EM ngalante@cfa.harvard.edu
RI Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013;
OI Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; Cui, Wei/0000-0002-6324-5772;
Cesarini, Andrea/0000-0002-8611-8610; Ward, John E/0000-0003-1973-0794;
Pandel, Dirk/0000-0003-2085-5586; Lang, Mark/0000-0003-4641-4201
FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. National Science Foundation; Smithsonian
Institution, by NSERC in Canada; Science Foundation Ireland; STFC in the
UK
FX This research was supported by grants from the U.S. Department of
Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation and the Smithsonian
Institution, by NSERC in Canada, by the Science Foundation Ireland, and
by STFC in the UK.
NR 35
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 2
BP L275
EP L280
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/L275
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 537RY
UT WOS:000273132700015
ER
PT J
AU Forbrich, J
Berger, E
AF Forbrich, Jan
Berger, Edo
TI THE FIRST VLBI DETECTION OF AN ULTRACOOL DWARF: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE
DETECTABILITY OF SUB-STELLAR COMPANIONS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE radio continuum: stars; stars: low-mass, brown dwarfs
ID LOW-MASS STARS; SCALE MAGNETIC TOPOLOGIES; RADIO-EMISSION; BROWN DWARFS;
TVLM-513-46546; CONSTRAINTS; ASTROMETRY
AB We present milliarcsecond-resolution radio very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of the ultracool dwarfs TVLM 513-46546 (M8.5) and 2MASS J00361617+1821104 (L3.5) in an attempt to detect sub-stellar companions via direct imaging or reflex motion. Both objects are known radio emitters with strong evidence for periodic emission on timescales of about 2 hr and 3 hr, respectively. Using the inner seven VLBA antennas, we detect unresolved emission from TVLM 513-46546 on a scale of 2.5 mas (similar to 50 stellar radii), leading to a direct limit on the radio emission brightness temperature of T(B) greater than or similar to 4 x 10(5) K. However, with the higher spatial resolution afforded by the full VLBA we find that the source appears to be marginally resolved at a low signal-to-noise ratio, possibly indicating that TVLM 513-46546 is a binary with a projected separation of similar to 1 mas (similar to 20 stellar radii). Using the 7 hr baseline of our observation, we find no astrometric shift in the position of TVLM 513-46546, with a 3 sigma limit of about 0.6 mas. This is about three times larger than expected for an equal-mass companion with a few-hour orbital period. Future monitoring of its position on a range of timescales will provide the required astrometric sensitivity to detect a planetary companion with a mass of similar to 10 M(J) in a greater than or similar to 15 day (greater than or similar to 0.06 AU) orbit, or with a mass of similar to 2 M(J) in an orbit of greater than or similar to 0.5 yr (greater than or similar to 0.3 AU).
C1 [Forbrich, Jan; Berger, Edo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Forbrich, J (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 22
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 2
BP L205
EP L209
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/L205
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 537RY
UT WOS:000273132700001
ER
PT J
AU Jahnke, K
Bongiorno, A
Brusa, M
Capak, P
Cappelluti, N
Cisternas, M
Civano, F
Colbert, J
Comastri, A
Elvis, M
Hasinger, G
Ilbert, O
Impey, C
Inskip, K
Koekemoer, AM
Lilly, S
Maier, C
Merloni, A
Riechers, D
Salvato, M
Schinnerer, E
Scoville, NZ
Silverman, J
Taniguchi, Y
Trump, JR
Yan, L
AF Jahnke, Knud
Bongiorno, Angela
Brusa, Marcella
Capak, Peter
Cappelluti, Nico
Cisternas, Mauricio
Civano, Francesca
Colbert, James
Comastri, Andrea
Elvis, Martin
Hasinger, Guenther
Ilbert, Olivier
Impey, Chris
Inskip, Katherine
Koekemoer, Anton M.
Lilly, Simon
Maier, Christian
Merloni, Andrea
Riechers, Dominik
Salvato, Mara
Schinnerer, Eva
Scoville, Nick Z.
Silverman, John
Taniguchi, Yoshi
Trump, Jonathan R.
Yan, Lin
TI MASSIVE GALAXIES IN COSMOS: EVOLUTION OF BLACK HOLE VERSUS BULGE MASS
BUT NOT VERSUS TOTAL STELLAR MASS OVER THE LAST 9 Gyr?
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: active; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: fundamental parameters;
galaxies: nuclei
ID QUASAR HOST GALAXY; WIDE-FIELD SURVEY; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI;
STAR-FORMATION; METALLICITY RELATION; MOLECULAR GAS; BILLION YEARS;
REDSHIFT; MODEL; COEVOLUTION
AB We constrain the ratio of black hole (BH) mass to total stellar mass of type-1 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the COSMOS survey at 1 < z < 2. For 10 AGNs at mean redshift z similar to 1.4 with both Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/ACS and HST/NICMOS imaging data, we are able to compute the total stellar mass M(*,total), based on rest-frame UV-to-optical host galaxy colors which constrain mass-to-light ratios. All objects have virial M(BH) estimates available from the COSMOS Magellan/IMACS and zCOSMOS surveys. We find within errors zero difference between the M(BH)-M(*,total) relation at z similar to 1.4 and the M(BH)-M(*,bulge) relation in the local universe. Our interpretation is (1) if our objects were purely bulge-dominated, the M(BH)-M(*,bulge) relation has not evolved since z similar to 1.4. However, (2) since we have evidence for substantial disk components, the bulges of massive galaxies (M(*,total) = 11.1 +/- 0.3 or log M(BH) similar to 8.3 +/- 0.2) must have grown over the last 9 Gyr predominantly by redistribution of the disk into the bulge mass. Since all necessary stellar mass exists in galaxies at z = 1.4, no star formation or addition of external stellar material is required, but only a redistribution, e. g., induced by minor and major merging or through disk instabilities. Merging, in addition to redistributing mass in the galaxy, will add both BH and stellar/bulge mass, but does not change the overall final M(BH)/M(*,bulge) ratio. Since the overall cosmic stellar and BH mass buildup trace each other tightly over time, our scenario of bulge formation in massive galaxies is independent of any strong BH feedback and means that the mechanism coupling BH and bulge mass until the present is very indirect.
C1 [Jahnke, Knud; Cisternas, Mauricio; Inskip, Katherine; Schinnerer, Eva] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Bongiorno, Angela; Brusa, Marcella; Cappelluti, Nico; Merloni, Andrea] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85741 Garching, Germany.
[Bongiorno, Angela] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
[Capak, Peter; Colbert, James; Riechers, Dominik; Salvato, Mara; Scoville, Nick Z.; Yan, Lin] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Civano, Francesca; Elvis, Martin] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Comastri, Andrea] INAF Osservatorio Astron Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
[Hasinger, Guenther; Salvato, Mara] Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-85741 Garching, Germany.
[Ilbert, Olivier] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Impey, Chris; Trump, Jonathan R.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Koekemoer, Anton M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Lilly, Simon; Maier, Christian; Silverman, John] ETH, Dept Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Merloni, Andrea] TUM, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Taniguchi, Yoshi] Ehime Univ, Res Ctr Space & Cosm Evolut, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan.
RP Jahnke, K (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
EM jahnke@mpia.de
RI Comastri, Andrea/O-9543-2015;
OI Brusa, Marcella/0000-0002-5059-6848; Comastri,
Andrea/0000-0003-3451-9970; Bongiorno, Angela/0000-0002-0101-6624;
Cappelluti, Nico/0000-0002-1697-186X; Jahnke, Knud/0000-0003-3804-2137;
Maier, Christian/0000-0001-6405-2182; Koekemoer,
Anton/0000-0002-6610-2048; Schinnerer, Eva/0000-0002-3933-7677
FU German Science Foundation (DFG); NASA
FX K.J. thanks E. F. Bell, N. Neumayer, C. Y. Peng, and A. van der Wel for
very fruitful discussions, and the anonymous referee for helpful
suggestions. K. J. is supported through the Emmy Noether Programme of
the German Science Foundation (DFG). D. R. acknowledges support from
NASA through a Hubble Fellowship.
NR 47
TC 91
Z9 91
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 2
BP L215
EP L220
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/L215
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 537RY
UT WOS:000273132700003
ER
PT J
AU Miller-Jones, JCA
Jonker, PG
Dhawan, V
Brisken, W
Rupen, MP
Nelemans, G
Gallo, E
AF Miller-Jones, J. C. A.
Jonker, P. G.
Dhawan, V.
Brisken, W.
Rupen, M. P.
Nelemans, G.
Gallo, E.
TI THE FIRST ACCURATE PARALLAX DISTANCE TO A BLACK HOLE
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE astrometry; radio continuum: stars; stars: distances; stars: individual
(V404 Cyg); stars: kinematics; X-rays: binaries
ID COMPACT OBJECT FORMATION; V404 CYG; PROPER MOTIONS; EVENT HORIZONS;
STAR; MASS; QUIESCENCE; BINARIES; CONTAMINATION; GRS-1915+105
AB Using astrometric VLBI observations, we have determined the parallax of the black hole X-ray binary V404 Cyg to be 0.418 +/- 0.024 mas, corresponding to a distance of 2.39 +/- 0.14 kpc, significantly lower than the previously accepted value. This model-independent estimate is the most accurate distance to a Galactic stellar-mass black hole measured to date. With this new distance, we confirm that the source was not super-Eddington during its 1989 outburst. The fitted distance and proper motion imply that the black hole in this system likely formed in a supernova, with the peculiar velocity being consistent with a recoil (Blaauw) kick. The size of the quiescent jets inferred to exist in this system is <1.4 AU at 22 GHz. Astrometric observations of a larger sample of such systems would provide useful insights into the formation and properties of accreting stellar-mass black holes.
C1 [Miller-Jones, J. C. A.] NRAO Headquarters, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
[Jonker, P. G.] SRON, Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Dhawan, V.; Brisken, W.; Rupen, M. P.] NRAO Domenici Sci Operat Ctr, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
[Nelemans, G.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, Dept Astrophys, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands.
[Gallo, E.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Jonker, P. G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Miller-Jones, JCA (reprint author), NRAO Headquarters, 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
EM jmiller@nrao.edu
RI Miller-Jones, James/B-2411-2013; Nelemans, Gijs/D-3177-2012
OI Miller-Jones, James/0000-0003-3124-2814; Nelemans,
Gijs/0000-0002-0752-2974
FU NASA [NAS5-26555]; Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research;
Associated Universities, Inc.
FX J.C.A.M.-J. is a Jansky Fellow of the National Radio Astronomy
Observatory (NRAO). E. G. is funded by NASA through a Hubble Fellowship
grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by
the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under
NASA contract no. NAS5-26555. P.G.J. acknowledges a VIDI grant from the
Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research. The GBT, VLA, and VLBA
are facilities of the NRAO which is operated by Associated Universities,
Inc., under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation.
The European VLBI Network is a joint facility of European, Chinese,
South African, and other radio astronomy institutes funded by their
national research councils. This research has made use of NASA's
Astrophysics Data System.
NR 41
TC 63
Z9 64
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 2
BP L230
EP L234
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/L230
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 537RY
UT WOS:000273132700006
ER
PT J
AU Wilkes, BJ
Kilgard, R
Kim, DW
Kim, M
Polletta, M
Lonsdale, C
Smith, HE
Surace, J
Owen, FN
Franceschini, A
Siana, B
Shupe, D
AF Wilkes, Belinda J.
Kilgard, Roy
Kim, Dong-Woo
Kim, Minsun
Polletta, Mari
Lonsdale, Carol
Smith, Harding E.
Surace, Jason
Owen, Frazer N.
Franceschini, A.
Siana, Brian
Shupe, David
TI THE SWIRE/CHANDRA SURVEY: THE X-RAY SOURCES
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE catalogs; quasars: general; surveys; X-rays: galaxies
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DEEP FIELD-SOUTH; CHANDRA MULTIWAVELENGTH
PROJECT; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; POINT-SOURCE CATALOGS; EXTENDED
GROTH STRIP; BRIGHT QUASAR SURVEY; ALL-SKY SURVEY; MIDINFRARED
PROPERTIES; RADIO-LOUD
AB We report a moderate-depth (70 ks), contiguous 0.7 deg(2) Chandra survey in the Lockman Hole Field of the Spitzer/SWIRE Legacy Survey coincident with a completed, ultra-deep VLA survey with deep optical and near-infrared imaging in-hand. The primary motivation is to distinguish starburst galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGNs), including the significant, highly obscured (log N(H) > 23) subset. Chandra has detected 775 X-ray sources to a limiting broadband (0.3-8 keV) flux similar to 4 x 10(-16) erg cm(-2) s(-1). We present the X-ray catalog, fluxes, hardness ratios, and multi-wavelength fluxes. The log N versus log S agrees with those of previous surveys covering similar flux ranges. The Chandra and Spitzer flux limits are well matched: 771 (99%) of the X-ray sources have infrared (IR) or optical counterparts, and 333 have MIPS 24 mu m detections. There are four optical-only X-ray sources and four with no visible optical/IR counterpart. The very deep (similar to 2.7 mu Jy rms) VLA data yield 251 (>4 sigma) radio counterparts, 44% of the X-ray sources in the field. We confirm that the tendency for lower X-ray flux sources to be harder is primarily due to absorption. As expected, there is no correlation between observed IR and X-ray fluxes. Optically bright, type 1, and red AGNs lie in distinct regions of the IR versus X-ray flux plots, demonstrating the wide range of spectral energy distributions in this sample and providing the potential for classification/source selection. Many optically bright sources, which lie outside the AGN region in the optical versus X-ray plots (f(r)/f(x) > 10), lie inside the region predicted for red AGNs in IR versus X-ray plots, consistent with the presence of an active nucleus. More than 40% of the X-ray sources in the VLA field are radio-loud using the classical definition, R(L). The majority of these are red and relatively faint in the optical so that the use of R(L) to select those AGNs with the strongest radio emission becomes questionable. Using the 24 mu m to radio flux ratio (q(24)) instead results in 13 of the 147 AGNs with sufficient data being classified as radio-loud, in good agreement with the similar to 10% expected for broad-lined AGNs based on optical surveys. We conclude that q(24) is a more reliable indicator of radio-loudness. Use of R(L) should be confined to the optically selected type 1 AGN.
C1 [Wilkes, Belinda J.; Kim, Dong-Woo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Kilgard, Roy] Wesleyan Univ, Dept Astron, Middletown, CT 06459 USA.
[Kim, Minsun] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst KASI, Taejon 305348, South Korea.
[Polletta, Mari] INAF ISAF Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Lonsdale, Carol] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22902 USA.
[Smith, Harding E.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Surace, Jason] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Owen, Frazer N.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
[Franceschini, A.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Astron, I-35122 Padua, Italy.
[Siana, Brian; Shupe, David] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Wilkes, BJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
OI Polletta, Maria del Carmen/0000-0001-7411-5386; Wilkes,
Belinda/0000-0003-1809-2364
FU NASA [NAS8-03060]; Chandra GO [GO4-5158A]; ASI-INAF [I/016/07/0,
I/088/06/0]
FX This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space
Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. We
gratefully acknowledge the financial support of NASA Contract:
NAS8-03060 (Chandra X-ray Center, B. W.) and Chandra GO grant: GO4-5158A
(R. K.). M. P. acknowledges financial contribution from contracts
ASI-INAF I/016/07/0 and ASI-INAF I/088/06/0.
NR 65
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0067-0049
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 185
IS 2
BP 433
EP 450
DI 10.1088/0067-0049/185/2/433
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 528RY
UT WOS:000272465600004
ER
PT J
AU Cotton, WD
Ragland, S
Pluzhnik, EA
Danchi, WC
Traub, WA
Willson, LA
Lacasse, MG
AF Cotton, W. D.
Ragland, S.
Pluzhnik, E. A.
Danchi, W. C.
Traub, W. A.
Willson, L. A.
Lacasse, M. G.
TI SiO MASERS IN ASYMMETRIC MIRAS. II. R CANCRI
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE radio lines: stars; stars: AGB and post-AGB; stars: atmospheres
ID VARIABLE TX CAM; LATE-TYPE STARS; EVOLVED STARS; MASS-LOSS; EMISSION;
AGB; INTERFEROMETER; TELESCOPE
AB This is the second paper in a series of multi-epoch observations of the SiO masers at 7 mm wavelength in several asymptotic giant branch stars from a sample of Mira variable stars showing evidence of asymmetric structure in the infrared. These stars have been observed interferometrically in the infrared by the Infrared Optical Telescope Array and with Very Long Baseline Array measurements of the SiO masers. In this paper, we present the observations of R Cancri (R Cnc). The systemic velocity of R Cnc is estimated to be 15.8 +/- 0.2 km s(-1). A comparison is made with the model calculations of Gray et al. which predict some but not all observed features.
C1 [Cotton, W. D.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
[Ragland, S.] WM Keck Observ, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA.
[Pluzhnik, E. A.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Danchi, W. C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Traub, W. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Willson, L. A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50014 USA.
[Lacasse, M. G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Cotton, WD (reprint author), Natl Radio Astron Observ, 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
EM bcotton@nrao.edu
FU NSF of the IOTA [AST-0456047]
FX We acknowledge support from the NSF of the IOTA observations through
grant AST-0456047.
NR 24
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0067-0049
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 185
IS 2
BP 574
EP 585
DI 10.1088/0067-0049/185/2/574
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 528RY
UT WOS:000272465600010
ER
PT J
AU Puccetti, S
Vignali, C
Cappelluti, N
Fiore, F
Zamorani, G
Aldcroft, TL
Elvis, M
Gilli, R
Miyaji, T
Brunner, H
Brusa, M
Civano, F
Comastri, A
Damiani, F
Fruscione, A
Finoguenov, A
Koekemoer, AM
Mainieri, V
AF Puccetti, S.
Vignali, C.
Cappelluti, N.
Fiore, F.
Zamorani, G.
Aldcroft, T. L.
Elvis, M.
Gilli, R.
Miyaji, T.
Brunner, H.
Brusa, M.
Civano, F.
Comastri, A.
Damiani, F.
Fruscione, A.
Finoguenov, A.
Koekemoer, A. M.
Mainieri, V.
TI THE CHANDRA SURVEY OF THE COSMOS FIELD. II. SOURCE DETECTION AND
PHOTOMETRY
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE methods: data analysis; surveys; X-rays: general
ID RAY SOURCE CATALOG; POINT-SOURCE CATALOGS; MS SOURCE CATALOGS;
MULTIWAVELENGTH PROJECT; DEEP SURVEY; SERENDIPITOUS SURVEY; NUMBER
COUNTS; NORTH SURVEY; SOUTH SURVEY; EVOLUTION
AB The Chandra COSMOS Survey (C-COSMOS) is a large, 1.8 Ms, Chandra program that covers the central contiguous similar to 0.92 deg(2) of the COSMOS field. C-COSMOS is the result of a complex tiling, with every position being observed in up to six overlapping pointings (four overlapping pointings in most of the central similar to 0.45 deg(2) area with the best exposure, and two overlapping pointings in most of the surrounding area, covering an additional similar to 0.47 deg(2)). Therefore, the full exploitation of the C-COSMOS data requires a dedicated and accurate analysis focused on three main issues: (1) maximizing the sensitivity when the point-spread function (PSF) changes strongly among different observations of the same source (from similar to 1 arcsec up to similar to 10 arcsec half-power radius); (2) resolving close pairs; and (3) obtaining the best source localization and count rate. We present here our treatment of four key analysis items: source detection, localization, photometry, and survey sensitivity. Our final procedure consists of a two step procedure: (1) a wavelet detection algorithm to find source candidates and (2) a maximum likelihood PSF fitting algorithm to evaluate the source count rates and the probability that each source candidate is a fluctuation of the background. We discuss the main characteristics of this procedure, which was the result of detailed comparisons between different detection algorithms and photometry tools, calibrated with extensive and dedicated simulations.
C1 [Puccetti, S.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
[Vignali, C.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, Bologna, Italy.
[Vignali, C.; Zamorani, G.; Gilli, R.; Comastri, A.] Osservatorio Astron Bologna, INAF, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
[Cappelluti, N.; Brunner, H.; Brusa, M.; Fruscione, A.; Finoguenov, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Fiore, F.] INAF OAR, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy.
[Aldcroft, T. L.; Elvis, M.; Civano, F.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Miyaji, T.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Miyaji, T.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Damiani, F.] Osserv Astron Palermo, INAF, I-90134 Palermo, Italy.
[Finoguenov, A.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
[Koekemoer, A. M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Mainieri, V.] ESO, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
RP Puccetti, S (reprint author), ASI Sci Data Ctr, Via Galileo Galilei, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
EM puccetti@asdc.asi.it
RI Vignali, Cristian/J-4974-2012;
OI Koekemoer, Anton/0000-0002-6610-2048; Damiani,
Francesco/0000-0002-7065-3061; Puccetti, Simonetta/0000-0002-2734-7835;
Fiore, Fabrizio/0000-0002-4031-4157; Vignali,
Cristian/0000-0002-8853-9611; Cappelluti, Nico/0000-0002-1697-186X
FU NASA [GO7-8136A, NAS8-39073, NNX07AT02G]; ASI/INAF [I/023/05/0,
I/024/05/0, I/026/07/0, I/088/06, 2007/1.06.10.08]; PRIN/MUR
[2006-02-5203]; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung/Deutsches
Zentrum fur Luft und Raumfahrt; Max Planck Society; CONACyT [83564];
PAPIIT [IN110209]
FX This research has made use of data obtained from the Chandra Data
Archive and software provided by the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC) in the
application packages CIAO and Sherpa. This work was supported in part by
NASA Chandra grant No. GO7-8136A (M. E., SAO, F. C., M. B., A. F.), NASA
contract NAS8-39073 (Chandra X-ray Center), and by NASA/ADP grant
NNX07AT02G. In Italy, this work is supported by ASI/INAF contracts
I/023/05/0, I/024/05/0, I/026/07/0, I/088/06, and 2007/1.06.10.08, by
PRIN/MUR grant 2006-02-5203. In Germany, this project is supported by
the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung/Deutsches Zentrum fur
Luft und Raumfahrt and the Max Planck Society. In Mexico, this work is
supported by CONACyT 83564 and PAPIIT IN110209.
NR 44
TC 52
Z9 52
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0067-0049
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 185
IS 2
BP 586
EP 601
DI 10.1088/0067-0049/185/2/586
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 528RY
UT WOS:000272465600011
ER
PT J
AU Rathborne, JM
Jackson, JM
Simon, R
Zhang, QZ
AF Rathborne, Jill M.
Jackson, James M.
Simon, Robert
Zhang, Qizhou
TI Infrared dark clouds as precursors to star clusters
SO ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Meeting on Young Massive Star Clusters - Intitial Conditions and
Environments
CY SEP 11-14, 2007
CL Inst Astrofis Andaluc, Granada, SPAIN
HO Inst Astrofis Andaluc
DE Dust, extinction; Stars: formation; ISM: clouds; Infrared: ISM; Radio
lines: ISM
ID CORES; DISCOVERY
AB Infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) are cold, dense molecular clouds identified as extinction features against the bright mid-infrared Galactic background. Our recent 1.2 mm continuum emission survey of IRDCs reveals many compact (< 0.5 pc) and massive (10-2100 M(aS (TM))) cores within them. These prestellar cores hold the key to understanding IRDCs and their role in star formation. Here, we present high angular resolution spectral-line and mm/sub-mm continuum images obtained with the IRAM Plateau de Bure Interferometer and the Sub-Millimeter Array towards three high-mass IRDC cores. The high angular resolution images reveal that two of the cores are resolved into multiple, compact protostellar condensations, while the remaining core contains a single, compact protostellar condensation with a very rich molecular spectrum, indicating that it is a hot molecular core. The derived gas masses for these condensations suggest that each core is forming at least one high-mass protostar, while two of the cores are also forming lower-mass protostars. The close proximity of multiple protostars of disparate mass indicates that these IRDCs are in the earliest evolutionary states in the formation of stellar clusters.
C1 [Rathborne, Jill M.; Zhang, Qizhou] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Jackson, James M.] Boston Univ, Inst Astrophys Res, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Simon, Robert] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, D-50937 Cologne, Germany.
RP Rathborne, JM (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Mail Stop 42,60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM jrathborne@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589
NR 24
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0004-640X
J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SCI
JI Astrophys. Space Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 324
IS 2-4
BP 155
EP 162
DI 10.1007/s10509-009-0121-8
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 522SJ
UT WOS:000272018700014
ER
PT J
AU Ercolano, B
Bastian, N
Stasinska, G
AF Ercolano, Barbara
Bastian, Nate
Stasinska, Grazyna
TI The effects of spatially distributed ionisation sources on the
temperature structure of H ii regions
SO ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Meeting on Young Massive Star Clusters - Intitial Conditions and
Environments
CY SEP 11-14, 2007
CL Inst Astrofis Andaluc, Granada, SPAIN
HO Inst Astrofis Andaluc
DE H II regions; Galaxies: abundances; Radiative transfer
ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; OXYGEN ABUNDANCE DETERMINATION; HII-REGIONS;
CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; PHOTOIONIZATION; METALLICITY; EMISSION; MOCASSIN;
MODELS; GAS
AB Spatially resolved studies of star-forming regions show that the assumption of spherical geometry is not realistic in most cases, with a major complication posed by the gas being ionised by multiple non-centrally located stars or star clusters. Geometrical effects including the spatial configuration of ionising sources affect the temperature and ionisation structure of these regions. We try to isolate the effects of multiple non-centrally located stars, via the construction of 3D photoionisation models using the 3D Monte Carlo photoionisation code mocassin with very simple gas density distributions, but various spatial configurations for the ionisation sources.
Emission-line spectra from H ii regions are often used to study the metallicity of star-forming regions, as well as for providing a constraint on temperatures and luminosities of the ionising sources. Empirical metallicity diagnostics must often be calibrated with the aid of photoionisation models. However, most studies so far have been carried out by assuming spherical or plane-parallel geometries, with major limitations on the allowed gas and dust density distributions and with the spatial distribution of multiple, non-centrally located ionising sources not being accounted for. We compare integrated emission-line spectra from our models and quantify any systematic errors caused by the simplifying assumption of a single, central location for all ionising sources. We find that the dependence of the metallicity indicators on the ionisation parameter causes a clear bias, due to the fact that models with a fully distributed configuration of stars always display lower ionisation parameters than their fully concentrated counterparts. The errors found imply that the geometrical distribution of ionisation sources may partly account for the large scatter in metallicities derived using model-calibrated empirical methods.
C1 [Ercolano, Barbara] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Bastian, Nate] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Stasinska, Grazyna] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, Observ Paris, LUTH, F-92190 Meudon, France.
RP Ercolano, B (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM bercolano@head.cfa.harvard.edu
NR 31
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0004-640X
J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SCI
JI Astrophys. Space Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 324
IS 2-4
BP 199
EP 204
DI 10.1007/s10509-009-0128-1
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 522SJ
UT WOS:000272018700021
ER
PT J
AU Bastian, N
Ercolano, B
Gieles, M
AF Bastian, Nate
Ercolano, Barbara
Gieles, Mark
TI Hierarchical star formation in M33: properties of the star-forming
regions
SO ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Meeting on Young Massive Star Clusters - Intitial Conditions and
Environments
CY SEP 11-14, 2007
CL Inst Astrofis Andaluc, Granada, SPAIN
HO Inst Astrofis Andaluc
DE Galaxies: M33; Star formation
ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; UBVRI PHOTOMETRY; OB
ASSOCIATIONS; SPIRAL GALAXIES; CLUSTERS; IDENTIFICATION; MASS; M-51
AB Star formation within galaxies occurs on multiple scales, from spiral structure, to OB associations, to individual star clusters, and often as substructure within these clusters. This multitude of scales calls for objective methods to find and classify star-forming regions, regardless of spatial size. To this end, we present an analysis of star-forming groups in the Local Group spiral galaxy M33, based on a new implementation of the Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) method. Unlike previous studies, which limited themselves to a single spatial scale, we study star-forming structures from the effective resolution limit (similar to 20 pc) to kpc scales. Once the groups have been identified, we study their properties, such as their size and luminosity distributions, and compare these with studies of young star clusters and giant molecular clouds (GMCs). We find evidence for a continuum of star-forming group sizes, which extends into the star cluster spatial-scale regime. We do not find a characteristic scale for OB associations, unlike that found in previous studies, and we suggest that the appearance of such a scale was caused by spatial resolution and selection effects. The luminosity function of the groups is found to be well represented by a power law with an index of -2, as has also been found for the luminosity and mass functions of young star clusters, as well as for the mass function of GMCs. Additionally, the groups follow a similar mass-radius relation as GMCs. The size distribution of the groups is best described by a log-normal distribution, the peak of which is controlled by the spatial scale probed and the minimum number of sources used to define a group. We show that within a hierarchical distribution, if a scale is selected to find structure, the resulting size distribution will have a log-normal distribution. We find an abrupt drop of the number of groups outside a galactic radius of similar to 4 kpc (although individual high-mass stars are found beyond this limit), suggesting a change in the structure of the star-forming interstellar medium, possibly reflected in the lack of GMCs beyond this radius. Finally, we find that the spatial distribution of H ii regions, GMCs, and star-forming groups are all highly correlated.
C1 [Bastian, Nate] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Ercolano, Barbara] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Gieles, Mark] European So Observ, Santiago 19, Chile.
RP Bastian, N (reprint author), UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England.
EM bastian@star.ucl.ac.uk
OI Gieles, Mark/0000-0002-9716-1868
NR 19
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0004-640X
J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SCI
JI Astrophys. Space Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 324
IS 2-4
BP 293
EP 297
DI 10.1007/s10509-009-0101-z
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 522SJ
UT WOS:000272018700036
ER
PT J
AU Cardoso, P
AF Cardoso, Pedro
TI Standardization and optimization of arthropod inventories-the case of
Iberian spiders
SO BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Araneae; Mediterranean; Methodology; Optimization algorithms; Portugal;
Rapid biodiversity assessment; Sampling; Spain; Species richness
ID RAPID BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT; SPECIES RICHNESS; AGRICULTURAL
LANDSCAPES; STRUCTURED INVENTORY; SAMPLING METHODS; HARDWOOD FOREST;
RAIN-FOREST; DIVERSITY; ARANEAE; FAUNA
AB Conservation of species requires accurate knowledge on their distribution. For most groups this can only be achieved through targeted biodiversity assessment programs that must explicitly incorporate comparability and efficiency in their definition. These require the standardization and optimization of sampling protocols, especially for mega-diverse arthropod taxa. This study had two objectives: (1) propose guidelines and statistical methods to improve the standardization and optimization of arthropod inventories, and (2) to propose a standardized and optimized protocol for Iberian spiders based on such guidelines and methods. Definition of the protocol has the following four steps. Firstly, the evaluation of the source data to ensure that the protocol is based on close to complete sampling of a number of sites. Secondly, optimizing the effort per collecting method, using an iterative algorithm that optimizes the combination of methods and samples per method tested in the different sites. Thirdly, defining the overall effort (stop-rules), considering not only desired sampling completeness levels, but also practical strategies during field work. Finally, standardizing the protocol, by finding common results between the optimal options for the different sites. The steps listed were successfully followed in the determination of a sampling protocol for Iberian spiders. A protocol with three sub-protocols of varying degrees of effort (24, 96 and 320 h of sampling) is proposed. I also present recommendations on how to apply the same principles to other regions and taxa.
C1 [Cardoso, Pedro] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Cardoso, Pedro] Univ Acores, Azorean Biodivers Grp, CITA A, Angra Do Heroismo, Portugal.
[Cardoso, Pedro] Univ Copenhagen, Zool Museum, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Cardoso, Pedro] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Macroecol, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
RP Cardoso, P (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 105,Room E-509, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM pcardoso@ennor.org
RI Cardoso, Pedro/A-8820-2008
OI Cardoso, Pedro/0000-0001-8119-9960
FU Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [SFRH/BD/1195/2000,
SFRH/BPD/17351/2004]; Danish Boje Benzons Foundation; Danish Natural
Science Research Council [272-05-0431]; Portuguese Institute for Nature
Conservation; Peneda-Geres National Park; Vale do Guadiana Nature Park
FX Many thanks to all the people that helped in fieldwork, logistics and
advice: Clara Gaspar, Sergio Henriques, Nikolaj Scharff, Jesper Schmidt,
Tama ' s Sz} uts, Israel Silva, Rui Carvalho, Pedro Sousa, Luis Crespo,
Luis Carlos Pereira, Pedro Humberto Castro, Ricardo Silva, Ana Filipa
Gouveia and Alberto de Castro. Thanks to Nikolaj Scharff, Jonathan
Coddington, Clara Gaspar and Paulo A. V. Borges for fruitful discussion
and comments on previous versions of the manuscript. Jonathan Coddington
has extensively edited English usage. Support was given by the
Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (grants no.
SFRH/BD/1195/2000 and SFRH/BPD/17351/2004), the Danish Boje Benzons
Foundation, the Danish Natural Science Research Council (grant no.
272-05-0431), the Portuguese Institute for Nature Conservation,
Peneda-Geres National Park and Vale do Guadiana Nature Park.
NR 49
TC 41
Z9 45
U1 2
U2 21
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0960-3115
J9 BIODIVERS CONSERV
JI Biodivers. Conserv.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 18
IS 14
BP 3949
EP 3962
DI 10.1007/s10531-009-9690-7
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 524VX
UT WOS:000272173600017
ER
PT J
AU Keller, JK
Wolf, AA
Weisenhorn, PB
Drake, BG
Megonigal, JP
AF Keller, Jason K.
Wolf, Amelia A.
Weisenhorn, Pamela B.
Drake, Bert G.
Megonigal, J. Patrick
TI Elevated CO2 affects porewater chemistry in a brackish marsh
SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Elevated CO2; Methane; Nutrients; Porewater; Sulfate reduction; Wetland
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; METHANE EMISSION;
ATMOSPHERIC CO2; SOIL; NITROGEN; WETLAND; RESPONSES; GROWTH;
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
AB As atmospheric CO2 concentrations continue to rise and impact plant communities, concomitant shifts in belowground microbial processes are likely, but poorly understood. We measured monthly porewater concentrations of sulfate, sulfide, methane (CH4), dissolved inorganic carbon and dissolved organic carbon over a 5-year period in a brackish marsh. Samples were collected using porewater wells (i.e., sippers) in a Schoenoplectus americanus-dominated (C-3 sedge) community, a Spartina patens-dominated (C-4 grass) community and a mixed (C-3 and C-4) community within the marsh. Plant communities were exposed to ambient and elevated (ambient + 340 ppm) CO2 levels for 15 years prior to porewater sampling, and the treatments continued over the course of our sampling. Sulfate reduction was stimulated by elevated CO2 in the C-3-dominated community, but not in the C-4-dominated community. Elevated CO2 also resulted in higher porewater concentrations of CH4 and dissolved organic carbon in the C-3-dominated system, though inhibition of CH4 production by sulfate reduction appears to temper the porewater CH4 response. These patterns mirror the typical divergent responses of C-3 and C-4 plants to elevated CO2 seen in this ecosystem. Porewater concentrations of nitrogen (as ammonium) and phosphorus did not decrease despite increased plant biomass in the C-3-dominated community, suggesting nutrients do not strongly limit the sustained vegetation response to elevated CO2. Overall, our data demonstrate that elevated CO2 drives changes in porewater chemistry and suggest that increased plant productivity likely stimulates microbial decomposition through increases in dissolved organic carbon availability.
C1 [Keller, Jason K.; Wolf, Amelia A.; Weisenhorn, Pamela B.; Drake, Bert G.; Megonigal, J. Patrick] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
[Keller, Jason K.] Chapman Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Orange, CA 92866 USA.
[Wolf, Amelia A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Weisenhorn, Pamela B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Megonigal, JP (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
EM jkeller@chapman.edu; megonigalp@si.edu
FU Smithsonian Institution Post-Doctoral Fellowship; NSF [DEB-0516400];
United States Department of Energy [DE-FG02-97ER62458]; Smithsonian
Institution; US Geological Survey Global Climate Change Program
[06-2302-0047]
FX We thank Jim Duls, Sara McQueeny, Gary Peresta, Marc Sigrist, Donna
Wayshner, Sarah Werner and numerous undergraduate interns for assistance
with porewater collection and analysis. Samples were analyzed on the ion
chromatograph by Joe Miklas. John Miller at George Mason's Statistical
Consulting Center assisted with statistical analysis. Comments from two
anonymous reviewers greatly improved this manuscript. Support for Jason
Keller was provided by a Smithsonian Institution Post-Doctoral
Fellowship and NSF grant DEB-0516400 to JPM. The elevated CO2
project was funded by a United States Department of Energy Grant
(DE-FG02-97ER62458) to JPM and BGD, the Smithsonian Institution, and a
US Geological Survey Global Climate Change Program Grant (06-2302-0047)
to JPM.
NR 34
TC 22
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-2563
EI 1573-515X
J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
JI Biogeochemistry
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 96
IS 1-3
BP 101
EP 117
DI 10.1007/s10533-009-9347-3
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 500EG
UT WOS:000270280500007
ER
PT J
AU Berke, SK
Cruz, V
Osman, RW
AF Berke, Sarah K.
Cruz, Veronica
Osman, Richard W.
TI Sublethal Predation and Regeneration in Two Onuphid Polychaetes:
Patterns and Implications
SO BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID DIOPATRA-CUPREA BOSC; TISSUE LOSS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; ECOSYSTEM
ENGINEERS; POPULATION; ORGANISMS; DISTURBANCE; FLAT; PREY; ECHINODERMATA
AB We examined sublethal predation in the polychaete Diopatra cuprea, an important ecosystem engineer of intertidal and shallow subtidal marine sediments in the western Atlantic. D. cuprea commonly loses its antennae and portions of its anterior to predator attacks; these lost body portions are subsequently regenerated. We asked (i) if the intensity of sublethal predation differs for D. cuprea populations in Virginia versus Florida, (ii) if sublethal predation varies temporally in each region, and (iii) if sublethal predation influences activity and tube-building rates. Within Florida, we also drew comparisons between D. cuprea and the closely related onuphid Americonuphis magna. Surprisingly, we found that sublethal predation is more intense in Virginia than in Florida, likely making substantial contributions to secondary productivity. Within Florida, A. magna experienced more antennal loss than D. cuprea and is incapable of anterior regeneration. D. cuprea activity and tube-building rates are strongly influenced by anterior loss, but more subtly influenced by antennal loss. Given the observe rates of sublethal predation and population densities in Virginia versus Florida, sublethal predation is an important factor influencing D. cuprea populations and their associated communities.
C1 [Berke, Sarah K.; Cruz, Veronica; Osman, Richard W.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
[Cruz, Veronica] Florida State Univ, Coll Social Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
RP Berke, SK (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
EM skberke@gmail.com
FU Smithsonian Marine Science Network postdoctoral fellowship; Smithsonian
REU internship (NSF REU) [DBI-0353759]
FX For providing access to facilities and field sites, we thank M.
Luckenbach and the staff of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Eastern Shore Lab, particularly S. Fate for his cheerful and valuable
field assistance. We thank V. Paul, W. Lee, S. Reed, and H. Reichardt at
the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce for logistical support and
access to facilities and field sites. We are grateful to S. Woodin, M.
Luckenbach, W. Long, S. Reed, and A. Freestone for helpful conversations
and to two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. This study was
supported by a Smithsonian Marine Science Network postdoctoral
fellowship to SKB and a Smithsonian REU internship to VC (NSF REU #
DBI-0353759). This is Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce
Contribution No. 792.
NR 51
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 3
PU MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
PI WOODS HOLE
PA 7 MBL ST, WOODS HOLE, MA 02543 USA
SN 0006-3185
J9 BIOL BULL-US
JI Biol. Bull.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 217
IS 3
BP 242
EP 252
PG 11
WC Biology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 541IT
UT WOS:000273409200005
PM 20040749
ER
PT J
AU Duda, TF
Kohn, AJ
Matheny, AM
AF Duda, Thomas F., Jr.
Kohn, Alan J.
Matheny, Amber M.
TI Cryptic Species Differentiated in Conus ebraeus, a Widespread Tropical
Marine Gastropod
SO BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID ONTOGENIC CHANGE; RADULAR TEETH; DIVERSITY; REEFS; GENUS; DISCOVERY;
PATTERNS; ECOLOGY; HISTORY; REGIONS
AB Anomalous mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences in individuals of the widely distributed tropical marine gastropod Conus ebraeus that were not distinguishable by shell shape and color pattern characters suggested the presence of a second, cryptic species. We tested this hypothesis by genetic, morphological, and ecological comparisons of additional individuals from the site in Okinawa where the two forms co-occurred. Radular tooth size and shape, prey type in nature, and microhabitats utilized differed markedly between the two forms. Adults with typical C. ebraeus DNA and radular teeth preyed primarily on errant polychaetes (Eunicidae); those with anomalous DNA and teeth ate mainly sedentary capitellids. Juveniles (shell length <13 mm) had more similar teeth and ate primarily syllids. Radular teeth of the anomalous form agreed with those of Conus judaeus, distinguished from C. ebraeus by Rudolph Bergh in 1895 solely on tooth characters of one specimen from the Philippines. Samples from other widely scattered Pacific localities revealed only typical C. ebraeus gene sequences. Both forms occurred in Seychelles (western Indian Ocean), where their radular teeth and diets were consistent with the data from Okinawa, but DNA of available material was degraded. Although C judaeus was long dismissed as an aberrant specimen and junior synonym of C. ebraeus, our results support its validity as a distinct species. These results highlight the importance of molecular and radular tooth characters relative to those of the shell. Moreover, cryptic species could well be important components of species richness in Conus specifically and marine molluscan biodiversity more generally.
C1 [Duda, Thomas F., Jr.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Duda, Thomas F., Jr.] Univ Michigan, Museum Zool, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Duda, Thomas F., Jr.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
[Kohn, Alan J.; Matheny, Amber M.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Duda, TF (reprint author), 1109 Geddes Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM tfduda@umich.edu
FU National Science Foundation [03-16338]; University of Michigan
FX National Science Foundation Grant 03-16338 (AJK) and start-up funds from
the University of Michigan (TFD) supported this research. The Yale
Seychelles Expedition was made possible through the generosity of Mr.
Alfred C. Glassell, Jr. Les Harris assisted with collection of some of
the molecular data. Undergraduate research assistants Brenda Mathis,
Joshua Kubo, Daniel Okamoto, and Pairin Schofield helped analyze radular
tooth and shell morphometry. Dr. Scottie Henderson made the SEM images
in Figure 3. Dr. Yoshikatsu Takano arranged the 2004 research visit to
the Sesoko Station of the Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University
of the Ryukyus, and Dr. Tamara Titlyanova identified the algae from the
Okinawa field site. Dr. Margaret Lloyd identified the prey polychaetes
from Seychelles. Laura Geyer and Curt Fiedler contributed specimens. Dr.
Ken Halanych and the anonymous reviewers provided constructive comments
on the manuscript.
NR 41
TC 16
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 11
PU MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
PI WOODS HOLE
PA 7 MBL ST, WOODS HOLE, MA 02543 USA
SN 0006-3185
EI 1939-8697
J9 BIOL BULL-US
JI Biol. Bull.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 217
IS 3
BP 292
EP 305
PG 14
WC Biology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 541IT
UT WOS:000273409200009
PM 20040753
ER
PT J
AU Dent, DH
Wright, SJ
AF Dent, Daisy H.
Joseph Wright, S.
TI The future of tropical species in secondary forests: A quantitative
review
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Review
DE Disturbance; Regrowth; Shared species; Similarity Indices; Species
composition
ID FRUIT-FEEDING BUTTERFLIES; DUNG BEETLE COMMUNITIES; RAIN-FOREST;
COSTA-RICA; SHIFTING-CULTIVATION; SPATIAL SCALE; BIOMASS ACCUMULATION;
NEOTROPICAL FORESTS; PLANTATION FORESTS; REGROWTH FORESTS
AB Deforestation and degradation of tropical old-growth forests has the potential to cause catastrophic species extinctions. In this review, we assess whether regenerating secondary forests (SF) can support species typically found in old-growth forest (OG) and so prevent extinctions. We review 65 studies that compare faunal diversity in SF and corresponding OG, and compare the similarity of species composition both within and between these two forest types using the Sorensen, Morisita-Horn and Sorensen-Chao indices. Comparisons between traditional similarity indices and Sorensen-Chao, which minimizes sampling biases, indicated that limited sampling effort consistently reduced apparent similarity between SF and OG and that similarity between SF and OG is actually higher than previously appreciated. Similarity, which ranges from 0 to 1, varied from 0.49 to 0.92 between replicate OG sites and was correlated with similarity between SF and OG. This correlation might be an artefact of variation among studies in sampling effort, especially for vertebrates where small samples reduce apparent similarity across all comparisons, as well as a real effect of variation among studies in landscape heterogeneity and the presence of species with patchy distributions. Therefore, similarity between SF and OG cannot be interpreted without an understanding of background variation in OG. Similarity between different SF sites provided no evidence that disturbance specialists dominate SF. Similarity to OG increased rapidly with SF age; when SF was contiguous with OG; when SF was growing in small clearings; and after low intensity land uses including clearing only, shifting agriculture and tree plantations. This describes the most frequently observed tropical SF; isolated from roads and on hilly terrain unsuitable for mechanized agriculture. Thus, our analyses indicate that tropical SF can play an important role in biodiversity conservation particularly when OG forests are nearby. An important caveat remains, however. Abundance, geographic range and levels of habitat specialization are often related. Widespread, abundant, habitat generalists might dominate similarity analyses even when relatively rare OG specialists are present. Additional species-level analyses of habitat specialization will be needed before the conservation value of tropical SF is fully understood. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dent, Daisy H.; Joseph Wright, S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Dent, DH (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama.
EM daisy.h.dent@gmail.com
RI Wright, Stuart/M-3311-2013; Dent, Daisy/L-3549-2016
OI Wright, Stuart/0000-0003-4260-5676; Dent, Daisy/0000-0002-1219-7344
FU Frank Levinson Family Foundation; Smithsonian Tropical Research
Institute
FX We thank the Frank Levinson Family Foundation and the Smithsonian
Tropical Research Institute for financial support. We are also thankful
to Robin Chazdon and two anonymous referees whose comments helped to
improve the manuscript.
NR 87
TC 106
Z9 111
U1 16
U2 135
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 142
IS 12
BP 2833
EP 2843
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2009.05.035
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 523UM
UT WOS:000272100100003
ER
PT J
AU Amezquita, A
Lima, AP
Jehle, R
Castellanos, L
Ramos, O
Crawford, AJ
Gasser, H
Hodl, W
AF Amezquita, Adolfo
Lima, Albertina P.
Jehle, Robert
Castellanos, Lina
Ramos, Oscar
Crawford, Andrew J.
Gasser, Herbert
Hoedl, Walter
TI Calls, colours, shape, and genes: a multi-trait approach to the study of
geographic variation in the Amazonian frog Allobates femoralis
SO BIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE allopatric divergence; Amazonas; anurans; bioacoustics; coloration;
isolation by distance
ID DART-POISON FROG; EPIPEDOBATES-FEMORALIS; ADVERTISEMENT CALL;
MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; PHONOTACTIC BEHAVIOR; SEXUAL SELECTION; SPECIATION;
EVOLUTION; PATTERNS; DIFFERENTIATION
AB Evolutionary divergence in behavioural traits related to mating may represent the initial stage of speciation. Direct selective forces are usually invoked to explain divergence in mate-recognition traits, often neglecting a role for neutral processes or concomitant differentiation in ecological traits. We adopted a multi-trait approach to obtain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms behind allopatric divergence in the Amazonian frog, Allobates femoralis. We tested the null hypothesis that geographic distance between populations correlates with genetic and phenotypic divergence, and compared divergence between mate-recognition (acoustic) and ecological (coloration, body-shape) traits. We quantified geographic variation in 39 phenotypic traits and a mitochondrial DNA marker among 125 individuals representing eight populations. Geographic variation in acoustic traits was pronounced and tracked the spatial genetic variation, which appeared to be neutral. Thus, the evolution of acoustic traits tracked the shared history of the populations, which is unexpected for pan-Amazonian taxa or for mate-recognition traits. Divergence in coloration appeared uncorrelated with genetic distance, and might be partly attributed to local selective pressures, and perhaps to Batesian mimicry. Divergence in body-shape traits was low. The results obtained depict a complex evolutionary scenario and emphasize the importance of considering multiple traits when disentangling the forces behind allopatric divergence. (C)2009 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 98, 826-838.
C1 [Amezquita, Adolfo; Castellanos, Lina; Ramos, Oscar; Crawford, Andrew J.] Univ Los Andes, Dept Biol Sci, Bogota 4976, Colombia.
[Lima, Albertina P.] INPA, BR-69011970 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
[Jehle, Robert] Univ Salford, Sch Environm & Life Sci, Ctr Environm Syst Res, Salford M5 4WT, Lancs, England.
[Crawford, Andrew J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama.
[Gasser, Herbert; Hoedl, Walter] Univ Vienna, Dept Evolutionary Biol, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
RP Amezquita, A (reprint author), Univ Los Andes, Dept Biol Sci, Bogota 4976, Colombia.
EM aamezqui@uniandes.edu.co
FU Austrian Science Foundation [FWF-P15345]; Faculty of Sciences at the
Universidad de Los Andes (Bogota)
FX This study was mainly supported by a grant to W. Hodl from the Austrian
Science Foundation (FWF-P15345) and a grant to A. Amezquita from the
Faculty of Sciences at the Universidad de Los Andes (Bogota). For
providing field assistance, we are grateful to K. Siu-Ting (PerU); G. de
Luna, A. Velez, B. Rojas, S. Flechas (Colombia); C. Keller, M. C.
AraUjo, L. G. Moura, M. A. Freitas (Brazil); and H. and D. Dell'mour, C.
Proy, and P. Narins (French Guiana). We thank C. Keller and P. Gaucher
for providing invaluable logistic support, and W. E. Magnusson for
suggestions on the manuscript. R.J. wishes to thank C. Keller for
assistance in the laboratory and T. Burke for providing laboratory
facilities. We are highly thankful to J. Diller for allowing us to use
her private field station (Panguana, Peru) and, for sharing their
experience as local inhabitants of the study sites, to the community of
Cercaviva (Colombia), Moro's family (PerU), and Raimundo, Natan, and
Dona Antonia (Brazil). Research permits were provided by CorpoAmazonia
(Colombia, Permit 1128), IBAMA/RAN (Brazil, Permit 004/03), and INRENA
(Peru, Permit 078-2003).
NR 74
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 2
U2 29
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0024-4066
EI 1095-8312
J9 BIOL J LINN SOC
JI Biol. J. Linnean Soc.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 98
IS 4
BP 826
EP 838
PG 13
WC Evolutionary Biology
SC Evolutionary Biology
GA 524FB
UT WOS:000272128100010
ER
PT J
AU Olson, SL
Meylan, PA
AF Olson, Storrs L.
Meylan, Peter A.
TI A Second Specimen of the Pleistocene Bermuda Tortoise, Hesperotestudo
bermudae Meylan and Sterrer
SO CHELONIAN CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GENUS
AB A fragmentary radius of Hesperotestudo bermudae from an underwater cave deposit in Bermuda is only the second known specimen of the species. The exact provenance and age of the specimen have been lost, but the record provides additional evidence that there was a population of endemic tortoises on Bermuda in the Pleistocene.
C1 [Olson, Storrs L.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Meylan, Peter A.] Eckerd Coll, St Petersburg, FL 33711 USA.
RP Olson, SL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, NHB MRC 116,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM olsons@si.edu; meylanpa@eckerd.edu
FU BAMZ [161]
FX We thank Lisa Green and Wolfgang Sterrer of the Bermuda Aquarium,
Natural History Museum and Zoo (BAMZ), for access to the specimen and
information concerning it. Stephan Meylan and Lisa Greene assisted with
Fig. 1. Figure 2 is by Brian Schmidt, Division of Birds, Smithsonian
Institution. This is contribution #161 of the Bermuda Biodiversity
Project (BBP) of the BAMZ.
NR 7
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU CHELONIAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LUNENBURG
PA 168 GOODRICH ST., LUNENBURG, MA USA
SN 1071-8443
J9 CHELONIAN CONSERV BI
JI Chelonian Conserv. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 8
IS 2
BP 211
EP 212
DI 10.2744/CCB-0766.1
PG 2
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 542BT
UT WOS:000273467000011
ER
PT J
AU Lee, CF
Beenen, R
Staines, CL
AF Lee, Chi-Feng
Beenen, Ron
Staines, Charles L.
TI NOTES ON THE GENUS CEROPHYSA CHEVROLAT IN TAIWAN (COLEOPTERA:
CHRYSOMELIDAE: GALERUCINAE)
SO COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
AB The species of the genus Cerophysa Chevrolat known from Taiwan are reviewed. Hoplosaenidea chujoi Kimoto, 1966, H. nigripennis Kimoto, 1966, and H. taiwana (Chujo 1935) are transferred to Cerophysa and redescribed. Male and female genitalia are illustrated for each species. A key to the species of Cerophysa in Taiwan is provided.
C1 [Lee, Chi-Feng] Taiwan Agr Res Inst, Appl Zool Div, Taichung 41362, Taiwan.
[Staines, Charles L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, MRC 187, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Lee, CF (reprint author), Taiwan Agr Res Inst, Appl Zool Div, 189 Chung Cheng Rd, Taichung 41362, Taiwan.
EM chifeng@tari.gov.tw; r.beenen@wxs.nl; stainesc@si.edu
FU National Science Council of Taiwan [NSC 96-2313-B-055-005-MY2]
FX We thank the Taiwan Chrysomelid Research Team for assisting in
collecting materials, including Su-Fang Yu, Mei-Hua Tsou, and Hsueh Lee.
We thank S. Hisamatsu for providing specimens of C tibialis, M.-L. Chan
for examining type specimens at the DEI, and M. Maruyama (KUEC) and K.
Ueda (KMNH) for allowing us to examine the type specimens. This study
was supported financially by the National Science Council of Taiwan (NSC
96-2313-B-055-005-MY2).
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU COLEOPTERISTS SOC
PI ATHENS
PA UNIV GEORGIA, 413 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES BUILDING, ATHENS, GA 30602-2603
USA
SN 0010-065X
J9 COLEOPTS BULL
JI Coleopt. Bull.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 63
IS 4
BP 456
EP 466
DI 10.1649/1159.1
PG 11
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 540XB
UT WOS:000273373200008
ER
PT J
AU Laurance, WF
Wright, SJ
AF Laurance, William F.
Wright, S. Joseph
TI Special Section: New Insights into the Tropical Biodiversity Crisis
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID DEFORESTATION; EXTINCTION; FUTURE; CONSERVATION; FORESTS; AMAZON
C1 [Laurance, William F.] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia.
[Wright, S. Joseph] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
RP Laurance, WF (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia.
EM bill.laurance@jcu.edu.au
RI Laurance, William/B-2709-2012; Wright, Stuart/M-3311-2013
OI Wright, Stuart/0000-0003-4260-5676
NR 28
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 23
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0888-8892
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 23
IS 6
BP 1382
EP 1385
DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01339.x
PG 4
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 524SL
UT WOS:000272163100010
PM 20078638
ER
PT J
AU Rudel, TK
Defries, R
Asner, GP
Laurance, WF
AF Rudel, Thomas K.
Defries, Ruth
Asner, Gregory P.
Laurance, William F.
TI Changing Drivers of Deforestation and New Opportunities for Conservation
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE conservation; population trends; tropical deforestation; tropical
rainforests
ID REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; BRAZILIAN AMAZON; TROPICAL DEFORESTATION; FORESTS;
EXPANSION; CLIMATE; CRISIS; FIELDS; FUTURE
AB Over the past 50 years, human agents of deforestation have changed in ways that have potentially important implications for conservation efforts. We characterized these changes through a meta-analysis of case studies of land-cover change in the tropics. From the 1960s to the 1980s, small-scale farmers, with state assistance, deforested large areas of tropical forest in Southeast Asia and Latin America. As globalization and urbanization increased during the 1980s, the agents of deforestation changed in two important parts of the tropical biome, the lowland rainforests in Brazil and Indonesia. Well-capitalized ranchers, farmers, and loggers producing for consumers in distant markets became more prominent in these places and this globalization weakened the historically strong relationship between local population growth and forest cover. At the same time, forests have begun to regrow in some tropical uplands. These changing circumstances, we believe, suggest two new and differing strategies for biodiversity conservation in the tropics, one focused on conserving uplands and the other on promoting environmental stewardship in lowlands and other areas conducive to industrial agriculture.
C1 [Rudel, Thomas K.] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Defries, Ruth] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Asner, Gregory P.] Carnegie Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Laurance, William F.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Rudel, TK (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, 55 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
EM rudel@aesop.rutgers.edu
RI Laurance, William/B-2709-2012; Asner, Gregory/G-9268-2013
OI Asner, Gregory/0000-0001-7893-6421
NR 63
TC 172
Z9 176
U1 20
U2 150
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0888-8892
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 23
IS 6
BP 1396
EP 1405
DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01332.x
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 524SL
UT WOS:000272163100012
PM 20078640
ER
PT J
AU Chazdon, RL
Peres, CA
Dent, D
Sheil, D
Lugo, AE
Lamb, D
Stork, NE
Miller, SE
AF Chazdon, Robin L.
Peres, Carlos A.
Dent, Daisy
Sheil, Douglas
Lugo, Ariel E.
Lamb, David
Stork, Nigel E.
Miller, Scott E.
TI The Potential for Species Conservation in Tropical Secondary Forests
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE forest biodiversity; habitat specialization; secondary forest;
succession; tropical forest
ID RAIN-FOREST; SHIFTING CULTIVATION; AMAZONIAN FOREST; COSTA-RICA;
PLANTATION FORESTS; BRAZILIAN AMAZON; SOLOMON-ISLANDS; PUERTO-RICO;
OLD-GROWTH; LAND-USE
AB In the wake of widespread loss of old-growth forests throughout the tropics, secondary forests will likely play a growing role in the conservation of forest biodiversity. We considered a complex hierarchy of factors that interact in space and time to determine the conservation potential of tropical secondary forests. Beyond the characteristics of local forest patches, spatial and temporal landscape dynamics influence the establishment, species composition, and persistence of secondary forests. Prospects for conservation of old-growth species in secondary forests are maximized in regions where the ratio of secondary to old-growth forest area is relatively low, older secondary forests have persisted, anthropogenic disturbance after abandonment is relatively low, seed-dispersing fauna are present, and old-growth forests are close to abandoned sites. The conservation value of a secondary forest is expected to increase over time, as species arriving from remaining old-growth forest patches accumulate. Many studies are poorly replicated, which limits robust assessments of the number and abundance of old-growth species present in secondary forests. Older secondary forests are not often studied and few long-term studies are conducted in secondary forests. Available data indicate that both old-growth and second-growth forests are important to the persistence of forest species in tropical, human-modified landscapes.
C1 [Chazdon, Robin L.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Peres, Carlos A.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
[Dent, Daisy] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
[Sheil, Douglas] Mbarara Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Trop Forest Conservat, Kabale, Uganda.
[Lugo, Ariel E.] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA.
[Lamb, David] Univ Queensland, Ctr Mined Land Rehabil, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Stork, Nigel E.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Resource Management & Geog, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
[Miller, Scott E.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Chazdon, RL (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
EM robin.chazdon@uconn.edu
RI Sheil, Douglas/H-1466-2012; Peres, Carlos/B-1276-2013; Sheil,
Douglas/A-3867-2015; Dent, Daisy/L-3549-2016;
OI Peres, Carlos/0000-0002-1588-8765; Sheil, Douglas/0000-0002-1166-6591;
Dent, Daisy/0000-0002-1219-7344; Chazdon, Robin/0000-0002-7349-5687;
Miller, Scott/0000-0002-4138-1378
FU NSF [DEB 0639393]; Wildlife Conservation Society; Darwin Initiative for
the Survival of Species (DEFRA-UK)
FX We thank S. J. Wright and W. F. Laurance and the Smithsonian Institution
for bringing us all together in Panama to develop this synthesis. This
manuscript was improved by comments from four reviewers, S. J. Wright,
and W. F. Laurance. We acknowledge support from NSF DEB 0639393, the
Wildlife Conservation Society, and the Darwin Initiative for the
Survival of Species (DEFRA-UK).
NR 89
TC 198
Z9 207
U1 18
U2 150
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0888-8892
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 23
IS 6
BP 1406
EP 1417
DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01338.x
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 524SL
UT WOS:000272163100013
PM 20078641
ER
PT J
AU Wright, SJ
Muller-Landau, HC
Schipper, J
AF Wright, S. Joseph
Muller-Landau, Helene C.
Schipper, Jan
TI The Future of Tropical Species on a Warmer Planet
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; cool refuges; extinction threat; global warming; land
cover; mammals; range shift; range extension; tropical forest
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; FOREST TREES; MOUNTAIN PASSES; GROWTH; DISTRIBUTIONS;
PERSPECTIVE; DIVERSITY; AMAZONIA; ECOLOGY; WORLDS
AB Modern global temperature and land cover and projected future temperatures suggest that tropical forest species will be particularly sensitive to global warming. Given a moderate greenhouse gas emissions scenario, fully 75% of the tropical forests present in 2000 will experience mean annual temperatures in 2100 that are greater than the highest mean annual temperature that supports closed-canopy forest today. Temperature-sensitive species might extend their ranges to cool refuges, defined here as areas where temperatures projected for 2100 match 1960s temperatures in the modern range. Distances to such cool refuges are greatest for equatorial species and are particularly large for key tropical forest areas including the Amazon and Congo River Basins, West Africa, and the upper elevations of many tropical mountains. In sum, tropical species are likely to be particularly sensitive to global warming because they are adapted to limited geographic and seasonal variation in temperature, already lived at or near the highest temperatures on Earth before global warming began, and are often isolated from cool refuges. To illustrate these three points, we examined the distributions and habitat associations of all extant mammal species. The distance to the nearest cool refuge exceeded 1000 km for more than 20% of the tropical and less than 4% of the extratropical species with small ranges. The biological impact of global warming is likely to be as severe in the tropics as at temperate and boreal latitudes.
C1 [Wright, S. Joseph; Muller-Landau, Helene C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
[Schipper, Jan] IUCN, Species Program, CH-1196 Gland, Switzerland.
[Schipper, Jan] Conservat Int, Ctr Appl Biodivers Sci, Arlington, VA 22202 USA.
RP Wright, SJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama.
EM wrightj@si.edu
RI Wright, Stuart/M-3311-2013; Schipper, Jan/N-5266-2015
OI Wright, Stuart/0000-0003-4260-5676; Schipper, Jan/0000-0002-8338-7874
FU Frank Levinson Family Trust; HSBC Climate Partnership
FX We thank M. Solano for ARCGIS calculations, G. Asner, W. Laurance, and
three anonymous referees for constructive comments, and the Frank
Levinson Family Trust, a supporting organization of the Silicon Valley
Community Foundation, and HSBC Climate Partnership for funding.
NR 42
TC 68
Z9 69
U1 12
U2 103
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0888-8892
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 23
IS 6
BP 1418
EP 1426
DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01337.x
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 524SL
UT WOS:000272163100014
PM 20078642
ER
PT J
AU Laurance, WF
Useche, DC
AF Laurance, William F.
Useche, Diana C.
TI Environmental Synergisms and Extinctions of Tropical Species
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE climatic change; endangered species; environmental synergisms;
extinction; fire; habitat fragmentation; hunting; IUCN Red Data Book;
logging; species invasions; tropical forests
ID EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; RAIN-FOREST; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BRAZILIAN
AMAZON; EL-NINO; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; AMPHIBIAN EXTINCTIONS; TREE
COMMUNITIES; EPIDEMIC DISEASE; LOGGED FORESTS
AB Environmental synergisms may pose the greatest threat to tropical biodiversity. Using recently updated data sets from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, we evaluated the incidence of perceived threats to all known mammal, bird, and amphibian species in tropical forests. Vulnerable, endangered, and extinct species were collectively far more likely to be imperiled by combinations of threats than expected by chance. Among 45 possible pairwise combinations of 10 different threats, 69%, 93%, and 71% were significantly more frequent than expected for threatened mammals, birds, and amphibians, respectively, even with a stringent Bonferroni-corrected probability value (p = 0.003). Based on this analysis, we identified five key environmental synergisms in the tropics and speculate on the existence of others. The most important involve interactions between habitat loss or alteration (from agriculture, urban sprawl, infrastructure, or logging) and other anthropogenic disturbances such as hunting, fire, exotic-species invasions, or pollution. Climatic change and emerging pathogens also can interact with other threats. We assert that environmental synergisms are more likely the norm than the exception for threatened species and ecosystems, can vary markedly in nature among geographic regions and taxa, and may be exceedingly difficult to predict in terms of their ultimate impacts. The perils posed by environmental synergisms highlight the need for a precautionary approach to tropical biodiversity conservation.
C1 [Laurance, William F.; Useche, Diana C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
[Laurance, William F.] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia.
RP Laurance, WF (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
EM bill.laurance@jcu.edu.au
RI Laurance, William/B-2709-2012
FU Smithsonian Institution; Science Committee of the Smithsonian National
Board; Frank Levinson Family Foundation
FX We thank J. Wright, R. Ewers, R. Butler, and two anonymous referees for
many helpful comments, C. Vera for permission to use Fig. 5, and the
Smithsonian Institution, Science Committee of the Smithsonian National
Board, and Frank Levinson Family Foundation for support.
NR 119
TC 56
Z9 57
U1 11
U2 87
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0888-8892
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 23
IS 6
BP 1427
EP 1437
DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01336.x
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 524SL
UT WOS:000272163100015
PM 20078643
ER
PT J
AU Stork, NE
Coddington, JA
Colwell, RK
Chazdon, RL
Dick, CW
Peres, CA
Sloan, S
Willis, K
AF Stork, Nigel E.
Coddington, Jonathan A.
Colwell, Robert K.
Chazdon, Robin L.
Dick, Christopher W.
Peres, Carlos A.
Sloan, Sean
Willis, Kathy
TI Vulnerability and Resilience of Tropical Forest Species to Land-Use
Change
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE extinction vulnerability; range shifts; species traits; tropical forest
species
ID RAIN-FOREST; AMAZONIAN FOREST; CLIMATE-CHANGE; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION;
EXTINCTION PRONENESS; SECONDARY FORESTS; SEED DISPERSAL; DISTRIBUTION
PATTERNS; LATITUDINAL GRADIENT; ELEVATIONAL GRADIENT
AB We provide a cross-taxon and historical analysis of what makes tropical forest species vulnerable to extinction. Several traits have been important for species survival in the recent and distant geological past, including seed dormancy and vegetative growth in plants, small body size in mammals, and vagility in insects. For major past catastrophes, such as the five mass extinction events, large range size and vagility or dispersal were key to species survival. Traits that make some species more vulnerable to extinction are consistent across time scales. Terrestrial organisms, particularly animals, are more extinction prone than marine organisms. Plants that persist through dramatic changes often reproduce vegetatively and possess mechanisms of die back. Synergistic interactions between current anthropogenic threats, such as logging, fire, hunting, pests and diseases, and climate change are frequent. Rising temperatures threaten all organisms, perhaps particularly tropical organisms adapted to small temperature ranges and isolated by distance from suitable future climates. Mutualist species and trophic specialists may also be more threatened because of such range-shift gaps. Phylogenetically specialized groups may be collectively more prone to extinction than generalists. Characterization of tropical forest species' vulnerability to anthropogenic change is constrained by complex interactions among threats and by both taxonomic and ecological impediments, including gross undersampling of biotas and poor understanding of the spatial patterns of taxa at all scales.
C1 [Stork, Nigel E.; Sloan, Sean] Univ Melbourne, Dept Resource Management & Geog, Richmond, Vic 3121, Australia.
[Coddington, Jonathan A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, NHB 105, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Colwell, Robert K.; Chazdon, Robin L.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Dick, Christopher W.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Dick, Christopher W.] Univ Michigan, Univ Herbarium, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Dick, Christopher W.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa Ancon, Panama.
[Peres, Carlos A.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
[Willis, Kathy] Univ Oxford, Ctr Environm, Oxford OX2 7LE, England.
RP Stork, NE (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Resource Management & Geog, 500 Yarra Blvd, Richmond, Vic 3121, Australia.
EM nstork@unimelb.edu.au
RI Dick, Christopher/A-8744-2008; Sloan, Sean/A-8630-2012; Peres,
Carlos/B-1276-2013; Colwell, Robert/C-7276-2015;
OI Sloan, Sean/0000-0002-7834-0203; Peres, Carlos/0000-0002-1588-8765;
Chazdon, Robin/0000-0002-7349-5687
NR 139
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 9
U2 95
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0888-8892
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 23
IS 6
BP 1438
EP 1447
DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01335.x
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 524SL
UT WOS:000272163100016
PM 20078644
ER
PT J
AU Brooks, TM
Wright, SJ
Sheil, D
AF Brooks, Thomas M.
Wright, S. Joseph
Sheil, Douglas
TI Evaluating the Success of Conservation Actions in Safeguarding Tropical
Forest Biodiversity
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE conservation actions; extinction rates; landscape conservation;
protected areas; species management; tropical forests
ID PROTECTED-AREA NETWORK; WOLONG NATURE-RESERVE; BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY;
WORLD-HERITAGE; WILDLIFE CONSERVATION; GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY; EASTERN
ZAIRE; LARGE MAMMALS; SQUARE WHEEL; GAP ANALYSIS
AB We reviewed the evidence on the extent and efficacy of conservation of tropical forest biodiversity for each of the classes of conservation action defined by the new International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) classification. Protected areas are the most tested conservation approach, and a number of studies show they are generally effective in slowing deforestation. There is some documentation of the extent of sustainable timber management in tropical forest, but little information on other landscape-conservation tactics. The extent and effectiveness of ex situ species conservation is quite well known. Forty-one tropical-forest species now survive only in captivity. Other single-species conservation actions are not as well documented. The potential of policy mechanisms, such as international conventions and provision of funds, to slow extinctions in tropical forests is considerable, but the effects of policy are difficult to measure. Finally, interventions to promote tropical conservation by supporting education and livelihoods, providing incentives, and furthering capacity building are all thought to be important, but their extent and effectiveness remain poorly known. For birds, the best studied taxon, the sum of such conservation actions has averted one-fifth of the extinctions that would otherwise have occurred over the last century. Clearly, tropical forest conservation works, but more is needed, as is critical assessment of what works in what circumstances, if mass extinction is to be averted.
C1 [Brooks, Thomas M.] Conservat Int, Ctr Appl Biodivers Sci, Arlington, VA 22202 USA.
[Brooks, Thomas M.] Univ Philippines Los Banos, ICRAF World Agroforestry Ctr, Laguna 4031, Philippines.
[Brooks, Thomas M.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Geog & Environm Studies, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
[Wright, S. Joseph] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
[Sheil, Douglas] Mbarara Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Trop Forest Conservat, Kabale, Uganda.
RP Brooks, TM (reprint author), Conservat Int, Ctr Appl Biodivers Sci, 2011 Crystal Dr, Arlington, VA 22202 USA.
EM t.brooks@conservation.org
RI Sheil, Douglas/H-1466-2012; Wright, Stuart/M-3311-2013; Sheil,
Douglas/A-3867-2015;
OI Wright, Stuart/0000-0003-4260-5676; Sheil, Douglas/0000-0002-1166-6591;
Brooks, Thomas/0000-0001-8159-3116
NR 129
TC 54
Z9 56
U1 12
U2 101
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0888-8892
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 23
IS 6
BP 1448
EP 1457
DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01334.x
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 524SL
UT WOS:000272163100017
PM 20078645
ER
PT J
AU Spiering, PA
Gunther, MS
Wildt, DE
Somers, MJ
Maldonado, JE
AF Spiering, Penny A.
Gunther, Micaela Szykman
Wildt, David E.
Somers, Michael J.
Maldonado, Jesus E.
TI Sampling error in non-invasive genetic analyses of an endangered social
carnivore
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Lycaon pictus; Non-invasive; Microsatellites; Sampling error; Faecal
sampling
ID NATURAL-POPULATIONS; LIKELIHOOD; BEHAVIOR
AB Modern non-invasive genetic technologies are useful in studies of rare and difficult-to-observe species. An examination of endangered African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) faecal DNA revealed that 11.4% of samples were assigned incorrectly to an individual. Sampling mistakes in the field are not normally considered in non-invasive genetic assessments, but can be a significant source of error. To ensure meticulous data interpretation, non-invasive genetic studies should track and report sampling inaccuracies.
C1 [Spiering, Penny A.; Maldonado, Jesus E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
[Spiering, Penny A.; Gunther, Micaela Szykman; Wildt, David E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Ctr Species Survival, Conservat & Res Ctr, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA.
[Spiering, Penny A.; Somers, Michael J.] Univ Pretoria, Ctr Wildlife Management, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa.
[Gunther, Micaela Szykman] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Wildlife, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
[Somers, Michael J.] Univ Pretoria, Ctr Invas Biol, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa.
RP Spiering, PA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
EM SpieringP@si.edu
RI Somers, Michael/A-1523-2008;
OI Szykman Gunther, Micaela/0000-0002-7822-8094; /0000-0002-5836-8823
FU Smithsonian Institution, University of Pretoria; Rotterdam Thandiza
Fund; Humboldt State University; Association of Zoos and Aquariums;
Disney Wildlife Conservation Fund; Knowsley Safari Park; DST-NRF Centre
of Excellence for Invasion Biology; Pittsburgh Zoo and Morris Animal
Foundation
FX This research was supported by Smithsonian Institution, University of
Pretoria, Rotterdam Thandiza Fund, Humboldt State University,
Association of Zoos and Aquariums, Disney Wildlife Conservation Fund,
Knowsley Safari Park, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology,
Pittsburgh Zoo and Morris Animal Foundation.
NR 16
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-0621
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 6
BP 2005
EP 2007
DI 10.1007/s10592-009-9880-6
PG 3
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA 527NP
UT WOS:000272374100067
ER
PT J
AU Faircloth, BC
Ramos, A
Drummond, H
Gowaty, PA
AF Faircloth, Brant C.
Ramos, Alejandra
Drummond, Hugh
Gowaty, Patricia Adair
TI Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci from blue-footed
boobies (Sula nebouxii)
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Microsatellites; SSRs; Blue-footed booby; Sula nebouxii; Sulidae
ID BROODS
AB Blue-footed boobies (Sula nebouxii) are socially monogamous, colonial seabirds exhibiting intra-specific nest parasitism and extra-pair copulations. Prior DNA fingerprinting assays failed to detect extra-pair offspring in the nests of congeners, and the rate of intra-specific nest parasitism has not been estimated using molecular techniques. We describe the development and characterization of 11 microsatellite DNA loci, tested using 31 individuals collected on Isla Isabel, Nayarit, Mexico. The number of alleles per locus ranged from three to 22, averaging seven; total exclusionary power of the microsatellite panel was 0.99; no loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium; and we did not detect linkage disequilibrium following Bonferroni correction. This microsatellite panel will facilitate future studies of nest parasitism and extra-pair paternity in blue-footed boobies.
C1 [Faircloth, Brant C.; Gowaty, Patricia Adair] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Ramos, Alejandra; Drummond, Hugh] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ecol, Dept Ecol Evolut, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Gowaty, Patricia Adair] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Gowaty, Patricia Adair] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Unit 0948, Panama City, Panama.
RP Faircloth, BC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 621 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM brant@ucla.edu
OI Faircloth, Brant/0000-0002-1943-0217
FU Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; UC-Mexus; University of
California, Los Angeles
FX Financial support was provided by: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de
Mexico; a UC-Mexus Small Grant to PAG and HD; and setup funds for PAG
from the University of California, Los Angeles. We conducted blue-footed
booby blood collection on Isla Isabel, Nayarit, Mexico under permits
granted to HD by SEDESOL and SEMARNAT as part of his long-term research
program on the island. The authors thank Tania del Rio Albrechtsen,
Alejandra Nunez and Sergio Ancona for collecting blood, and the Mexican
Navy, San Blas fishermen and Isla Isabel staff for providing
transportation and logistical support. BCF thanks Jonathan Drury, Kevin
Tan and Alexandra Title for their assistance during the microsatellite
enrichment process. PAG and HD acquired funding for this research and
provided the physical and intellectual resources for its pursuit, BCF
and AR conducted the data collection, BCF conducted the data analysis,
and BCF and AR wrote the manuscript.
NR 21
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1877-7252
J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR
JI Conserv. Genet. Resour.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 159
EP 162
DI 10.1007/s12686-009-9038-3
PG 4
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA V17FF
UT WOS:000207922400038
ER
PT J
AU Kenfack, D
Dick, CW
AF Kenfack, David
Dick, Christopher W.
TI Isolation and characterization of 15 polymorphic microsatellite loci in
Tetragastris panamensis (Burseraceae), a widespread Neotropical forest
tree
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Tetragastris; Tropical forest; Barro Colorado Island; Yasuni; Forest
dynamics plot
AB Tetagastris panamensis is a tropical forest canopy tree that is broadly distributed across Central and South America. We isolated 15 microsatellite loci and characterized them in populations from Panama and Ecuador. The number of alleles per locus in 61 individuals ranged from 4 to 22, and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.044 to 0.909. The high overall single-parent exclusion probability (P = 1.00) highlights the utility of these loci for parentage-based analyses of gene flow.
C1 [Kenfack, David] Missouri Bot Garden, St Louis, MO 63166 USA.
[Kenfack, David; Dick, Christopher W.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Dick, Christopher W.] Univ Michigan Herbarium, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Dick, Christopher W.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa Ancon, Panama.
RP Kenfack, D (reprint author), Missouri Bot Garden, POB 299, St Louis, MO 63166 USA.
EM dkenfack@umich.edu
FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI); Center for Tropical
Forest Sciences (CTFS); Pontificad Universidad Catolica del Ecuador;
University of Michigan; NSF [DEB 043665]
FX We are grateful to the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI)
and the Center for Tropical Forest Sciences (CTFS) for providing
research support in Panama and to CTFS and the Pontificad Universidad
Catolica del Ecuador for support in Ecuador. This research was supported
by the University of Michigan, CTFS and NSF award DEB 043665 to C. Dick.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1877-7252
J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR
JI Conserv. Genet. Resour.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 1
BP 385
EP 387
DI 10.1007/s12686-009-9089-5
PG 3
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA V17FF
UT WOS:000207922400087
ER
PT J
AU Plaisance, L
Knowlton, N
Paulay, G
Meyer, C
AF Plaisance, L.
Knowlton, N.
Paulay, G.
Meyer, C.
TI Reef-associated crustacean fauna: biodiversity estimates using
semi-quantitative sampling and DNA barcoding
SO CORAL REEFS
LA English
DT Article
DE Coral reefs; Biodiversity; Crustaceans; Pacific Ocean; DNA barcoding
ID CORAL POCILLOPORA-DAMICORNIS; SPECIES RICHNESS; BIOLOGICAL
IDENTIFICATIONS; CONSERVATION PRIORITIES; DIVERSITY; SEA; HOTSPOTS;
INVERTEBRATES; DIVERGENCE; TAXONOMY
AB The cryptofauna associated with coral reefs accounts for a major part of the biodiversity in these ecosystems but has been largely overlooked in biodiversity estimates because the organisms are hard to collect and identify. We combine a semi-quantitative sampling design and a DNA barcoding approach to provide metrics for the diversity of reef-associated crustacean. Twenty-two similar-sized dead heads of Pocillopora were sampled at 10 m depth from five central Pacific Ocean localities (four atolls in the Northern Line Islands and in Moorea, French Polynesia). All crustaceans were removed, and partial cytochrome oxidase subunit I was sequenced from 403 individuals, yielding 135 distinct taxa using a species-level criterion of 5% similarity. Most crustacean species were rare; 44% of the OTUs were represented by a single individual, and an additional 33% were represented by several specimens found only in one of the five localities. The Northern Line Islands and Moorea shared only 11 OTUs. Total numbers estimated by species richness statistics (Chao1 and ACE) suggest at least 90 species of crustaceans in Moorea and 150 in the Northern Line Islands for this habitat type. However, rarefaction curves for each region failed to approach an asymptote, and Chao1 and ACE estimators did not stabilize after sampling eight heads in Moorea, so even these diversity figures are underestimates. Nevertheless, even this modest sampling effort from a very limited habitat resulted in surprisingly high species numbers.
C1 [Plaisance, L.; Knowlton, N.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Plaisance, L.; Knowlton, N.; Meyer, C.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Paulay, G.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Plaisance, L (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM plaisancel@si.edu
FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Moore
Family Foundation; National Geographic Society
FX We thank Melissa Roth, Machel Malay, Vaiarii Terorotua and Sea McKeon
for their help in the field. We are grateful to Dirk Steinke and Paul
Hebert from the University of Guelph for their assistance with DNA
barcoding. We also thank Arthur Anker, Rob Lasley, Enrique MacPherson,
Sea McKeon, Cory Pittman and Joseph Poupin for their help with
identifications. We gratefully acknowledge the Alfred P. Sloan
Foundation through their support of the Census of Marine Life CReefs
project, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation for their support of the
Moorea Biocode Project, and the Moore Family Foundation, the National
Geographic Society and other donors for their support of the Northern
Line Islands expedition.
NR 48
TC 33
Z9 35
U1 3
U2 36
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4028
J9 CORAL REEFS
JI Coral Reefs
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 28
IS 4
BP 977
EP 986
DI 10.1007/s00338-009-0543-3
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 510ED
UT WOS:000271069900023
ER
PT J
AU Miller, NF
Zeder, MA
Arter, SR
AF Miller, Naomi F.
Zeder, Melinda A.
Arter, Susan R.
TI From Food and Fuel to Farms and Flocks The Integration of Plant and
Animal Remains in the Study of the Agropastoral Economy at Gordion,
Turkey
SO CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB The site of Gordion, Turkey, provides a case study of the integrated use of archaeobiological data. Associations between botanical and faunal remains suggest a continuum of land-use practices. At one end, high ratios of the seeds of wild plants versus cultivated cereal grains (calculated as count/weight) and high proportions of the bones of sheep, goat, and deer are signatures of a subsistence economy focused on pastoral production. At the other, low wild/cereal ratios along with high proportions of the bones of cattle, pig, and hare indicate an economy more focused on agriculture. Based on the millennium-long sequence analyzed, the most sustainable land use around the ancient settlement emphasized pastoral production; only during the wealthy Middle Phrygian period did high population support greater reliance on agriculture.
C1 [Miller, Naomi F.] Univ Penn Museum, MASCA, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Zeder, Melinda A.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Archaeobiol Program, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Arter, Susan R.] San Diego Nat Hist Museum, Dept Birds & Mammals, San Diego, CA 92112 USA.
RP Miller, NF (reprint author), Univ Penn Museum, MASCA, 3260 South St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
EM nmiller0@sas.upenn.edu; zederm@si.edu; artersa@att.net
NR 28
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0011-3204
J9 CURR ANTHROPOL
JI Curr. Anthropol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 50
IS 6
BP 915
EP 924
DI 10.1086/606035
PG 10
WC Anthropology
SC Anthropology
GA 515DF
UT WOS:000271446100010
ER
PT J
AU Kaspari, M
Yanoviak, SP
AF Kaspari, Michael
Yanoviak, Stephen P.
TI Biogeochemistry and the structure of tropical brown food webs
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE calcium; decomposition; ecosystem size; invertebrates; litter; nitrogen;
phosphorus; stoichiometry; trophic structure; tropical forests
ID MULTIPLE NUTRIENTS; CHAIN LENGTH; FOREST-FLOOR; BOTTOM-UP;
DECOMPOSITION; LITTER; COMMUNITY; PHOSPHORUS; STOICHIOMETRY; COLLEMBOLA
AB Litter invertebrates are notoriously patchy at small scales. Here we show that the abundance of 10 litter taxa also varies 100-fold at landscape and regional scales across 26 forest stands in Peru and Panama. We contrast three hypotheses that link gradients of abundance to ecosystem biogeochemistry. Of 14 factors considered (12 chemical elements, plus fiber and litter depth), four best predicted the abundance of litter invertebrates. In the Secondary Productivity Hypothesis, phosphorus limits abundance via the conversion of detritus to microbial biomass. Two of four microbivore taxa, collembola and isopods, increased with the percentage of P (%P) of decomposing litter. However, percentage of S (correlated with %P) best predicted the abundance of collembola, oribatids, and diplopods (r(2) = 0.38, 0.33, 0.21, respectively). In the Structural Elements Hypotheses, N and Ca limit the abundance of silk-spinning and calcareous taxa, respectively. Mesostigmatids, pseudoscorpions, and spiders, all known to make silk, each increased with percentage of N of litter (r(2) = 0.22, 0.31, 0.26, respectively). Calcareous isopods, but not diplopods, increased with percentage of Ca of litter (r(2) = 0.59). In the Ecosystem Size Hypothesis, top predators are limited by available space. The abundance of the three remaining predators, chilopods, staphylinids, and ants, increased with litter depth (r(2) = 0.31, 0.74, 0.69, respectively), and food webs from forests with deeper litter supported a higher ratio of predators to microbivores. These results suggest that biogeochemical gradients can provide a mechanism, through stoichiometry and trophic theory, shaping the geography of community structure.
C1 [Kaspari, Michael] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Zool, Grad Program Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Kaspari, Michael] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
[Yanoviak, Stephen P.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA.
[Yanoviak, Stephen P.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA.
RP Kaspari, M (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Zool, Grad Program Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
EM mkaspari@ou.edu
OI Kaspari, Michael/0000-0002-9717-5768
FU National Science Foundation [0212386]; The Smithsonian Tropical Research
Institute, the Panamanian Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente (ANAM);
Peruvian Instituto Nacional de Recursos Naturales (INRENA)
FX This project was funded by the National Science Foundation under grant
number 0212386 to M. Kaspari. Special thanks to S. Bagwell and J.
Morrison for assistance in the laboratory, to Y. Milton, W. Sanchez, E.
Requena, and C. Valderrama for assistance in the field, and to the
numerous private landowners who provided access to sites in Peru.
Discussions with B. Stevenson, S. Hobbie, J. Powers, P. Tiffin, and R.
Dudley provided many insights and greatly increased the clarity of our
thinking. G. Orians and A. Davidson read the manuscript and made many
useful suggestions. The Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, the
Panamanian Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente (ANAM), and the Peruvian
Instituto Nacional de Recursos Naturales (INRENA) provided permits.
NR 72
TC 48
Z9 50
U1 3
U2 45
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 90
IS 12
BP 3342
EP 3351
DI 10.1890/08-1795.1
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 531WB
UT WOS:000272700800007
PM 20120804
ER
PT J
AU Cardini, A
Nagorsen, D
O'Higgins, P
Polly, PD
Thorington, RW
Tongiorgi, P
AF Cardini, A.
Nagorsen, D.
O'Higgins, P.
Polly, P. D.
Thorington, R. W., Jr.
Tongiorgi, P.
TI Detecting biological distinctiveness using geometric morphometrics: an
example case from the Vancouver Island marmot
SO ETHOLOGY ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Marmot Conference on Marmots in a Changing World
CY SEP 03-06, 2008
CL Cogne, ITALY
SP Valle dAosta Univ, Fac Psychol, Comune Cogne, Assessorato Reg allAgr & Risorse Nat, CPEL CELVA
DE biological diversity; conservation; discriminant analysis; DNA
barcoding; mandible; Marmota vancouverensis; shape
ID MORPHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; COLOBUS MONKEYS; SPECIES CONCEPT; DNA BARCODES;
RODENTIA; SCIURIDAE; PHYLOGENY; CONSERVATION; DIVERGENCE; TAXONOMY
AB The Vancouver Island marmot (M. vancouverensis) consists of a small insular population with an uncommon dark-brown pelage colour. This population provides an excellent example of how morphology and molecules can tell very different stories about the evolution of a group. Mitochondrial DNA indicates that the degree of divergence of M. vancouverensis is minimal and actually comparable or even smaller than among populations of continental species of marmots. Accurate geometric morphometric analyses on crania and mandibles from modern and subfossil samples, in contrast, convincingly demonstrate that the Vancouver Island marmot is one of the most distinctive populations among all living marmots. Thus, M. vancouverensis is not simply a dark variant of its sister species M. caligata but represents a highly morphologically derived population whose evolutionary significance is overlooked by molecular analyses. In this study, we show how geometric morphometrics can complement studies of genetic divergence by measuring the phenotypic distinctiveness of a population. This was done by performing cross-validated discriminant analyses on mandibular shape in the Vancouver island marmot and its closest Nearctic relatives. Thus, we found that using mandibles we can achieve in M. vancouverensis a classification accuracy as high as for 'good species' (i.e., species which are also significantly divergent in molecular analyses) and much higher than in populations within those same species. The approach used in this study is simple, effective and, at least in this specific case, fairly robust to sampling error in small samples. Thus, such morphological analysis seems promising as a tool complementary to molecular studies to aid detection of biological distinctiveness in natural populations. We suggest that its potential should be explored and its usefulness examined also in Palearctic marmots and other mammals. If successful, the 'geometric morphometric approach to the study of biological diversity' would add a phenotypic dimension to the characterization of the evolutionary significance of populations. In turn, this would allow a more inclusive understanding of the complexity of adaptive variation with potential implications for conservation biology.
C1 [Cardini, A.] Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento Museo Paleobiol & Orto Bot, I-41100 Modena, Italy.
[Cardini, A.; O'Higgins, P.] Univ Hull, Funct Morphol & Evolut Unit, Hull York Med Sch, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England.
[Nagorsen, D.] Mammalia Biol Consulting, Victoria, BC V9C 324, Canada.
[Polly, P. D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Polly, P. D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Thorington, R. W., Jr.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Tongiorgi, P.] Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento Biol Anim, I-41100 Modena, Italy.
RP Cardini, A (reprint author), Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Museo Paleobiol & Orto Bot, Via Univ 4, I-41100 Modena, Italy.
EM alcardini@interfree.it
RI cardini, andrea/G-9951-2011;
OI cardini, andrea/0000-0003-2910-632X; Polly, P. David/0000-0001-7338-8526
NR 51
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 14
PU UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI FIRENZE
PI FLORENCE
PA C/O PROF F DESSI-FULGHERI, VIA ROMANA 17, 50125 FLORENCE, ITALY
SN 0394-9370
J9 ETHOL ECOL EVOL
JI Ethol. Ecol. Evol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 21
IS 3-4
BP 209
EP 223
PG 15
WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
GA 546QJ
UT WOS:000273825000004
ER
PT J
AU Gagne, RJ
Wright, SA
Purcell, MF
Brown, BT
Pratt, PD
Center, TD
AF Gagne, Raymond J.
Wright, Susan A.
Purcell, Matthew F.
Brown, Bradley T.
Pratt, Paul D.
Center, Ted D.
TI DESCRIPTION OF THE LARVA OF LOPHODIPLOSIS TRIFIDA, AN AUSTRALIAN GALL
MIDGE (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYIIDAE) AND BIOCONTROL AGENT OF PAPERBARK IN
FLORIDA, USA
SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE Melaleuca; biological control; bud gall; cecidomyiid
ID MYRTACEAE
AB Lophodiplosis trifida Gagne, an Australian gall midge on paperbark, Melaleuca quinqueneruia (Myrtaceae), is a recent release in southern Florida for the biological control of that host. The larval stage is described for the first time and compared to that of other Lophodiplosis spdcies. Photos of galls and illustrations of larvae are provided. Second and third instars of L. trifida are unusual among Cecidomyiidae for the lack of setae on most papillae.
C1 [Gagne, Raymond J.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Wright, Susan A.] ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32614 USA.
[Purcell, Matthew F.; Brown, Bradley T.] CSIRO Entomol, Australian Biol Control Lab, Agr Res Serv, USDA, Indooroopilly, Qld 4068, Australia.
[Pratt, Paul D.; Center, Ted D.] ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
RP Gagne, RJ (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Smithsonian Inst, MRC-168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM raymond.gagne@ars.usda.gov; susan.wright@ars.usda.gov;
matthew.purcell@csiro.au; bradley.brown@csiro.au;
paul.pratt@ars.usda.gov; ted.center@ars.usda.gov
RI Purcell, Matthew/C-2098-2008
FU South Florida Water Management District
FX We thank P. Malikul for making the slide preparations Scott D.
Whittaker, SEM Laboratory Manager, Smithsonian Institution for
assistance with the scanning electron microscope, Diana Marquez for
electronically arranging the photos and drawings onto plates, and James
A. Lollis and Elizabeth D. Mattison for assistance in collecting galls
and larvae, and the South Florida Water Management District for
financial support to this project. We are grateful also to Keith M.
Harris, Woking, Surrey, United Kingdom, David A. Nickle and Allen L.
Norrbom, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, and 2 anonymous reviewers for
critical comments on the manuscript.
NR 4
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC
PI LUTZ
PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA
SN 0015-4040
J9 FLA ENTOMOL
JI Fla. Entomol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 4
BP 593
EP 597
DI 10.1653/024.092.0410
PG 5
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 537JF
UT WOS:000273108500010
ER
PT J
AU Filippov, B
Koutchmy, S
Golub, L
AF Filippov, B.
Koutchmy, S.
Golub, L.
TI Jet phenomena above null points of the coronal magnetic field
SO GEOMAGNETISM AND AERONOMY
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY TELESCOPE; RECONNECTION; MODELS
AB Short-lived plasma jets of various scales, from giant X-ray jets more than 300 Mm in extent to numerous small jets with sizes typical of macrospicules, are the phenomena observed in the solar corona in extreme ultraviolet and X-ray emission. Small jets are particularly prominent in polar coronal holes. They are close neighbors of tiny bright loops and coincide in time with their sudden brightening and increase in size. The geometric shape of the jets and their location suggest that they arise near singular null points of the coronal magnetic field. These points appear in coronal holes due to the emergence of small bipolar or unipolar magnetic structures within large-scale unipolar cells. Polar jets show a distinct vertical plasma motion in a coronal hole that introduces significant momentum and mass into the solar wind flow. Investigating the dynamics of polar jets can elucidate certain details in the problem of fast solar wind acceleration.
C1 [Filippov, B.] Russian Acad Sci, Pushkov Inst Terr Magnetism Ionosphere & Radiowav, Troitsk 142190, Moscow Oblast, Russia.
[Koutchmy, S.] Inst Astrophys, UMR 7090, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Koutchmy, S.] CNRS, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Koutchmy, S.] UPMC, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Golub, L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Filippov, B (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Pushkov Inst Terr Magnetism Ionosphere & Radiowav, Troitsk 142190, Moscow Oblast, Russia.
RI Filippov, Boris/G-2810-2014
FU Russian Foundation for Basic Research [09-02-00090, 09-02-92656]
FX This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research
(project nos. 09-02-00090 and 09-02-92656).
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA
SN 0016-7932
J9 GEOMAGN AERONOMY+
JI Geomagn. Aeron.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 49
IS 8
BP 1109
EP 1112
DI 10.1134/S001679320908012X
PG 4
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 541UK
UT WOS:000273446200012
ER
PT J
AU Putzig, NE
Phillips, RJ
Campbell, BA
Holt, JW
Plaut, JJ
Carter, LM
Egan, AF
Bernardini, F
Safaeinili, A
Seu, R
AF Putzig, Nathaniel E.
Phillips, Roger J.
Campbell, Bruce A.
Holt, John W.
Plaut, Jeffrey J.
Carter, Lynn M.
Egan, Anthony F.
Bernardini, Fabrizio
Safaeinili, Ali
Seu, Roberto
TI Subsurface structure of Planum Boreum from Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
Shallow Radar soundings
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mars; Radar observations; Mars, Polar caps; Mars, Polar geology
ID POLAR LAYERED DEPOSITS; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; STRATIGRAPHY; ICE;
FREQUENCIES; ANTARCTICA; HISTORY; REGION; AGE
AB We map the subsurface structure of Planum Boreum using sounding data from the Shallow Radar (SHARAD) instrument onboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. Radar coverage throughout the 1,000,000-km(2) area reveals widespread reflections from basal and internal interfaces of the north polar layered deposits (NPLD). A dome-shaped zone of diffuse reflectivity up to 12 mu s (similar to 1-km thick) underlies two-thirds of the NPLD, predominantly in the main lobe but also extending into the Gemina Lingula lobe across Chasma Boreale. We equate this zone with a basal unit identified in image data as Amazonian sand-rich layered deposits [Byrne, S., Murray, B.C., 2002. J. Geophys. Res. 107, 5044, 12 pp. doi:10.1029/2001JE001615; Fishbaugh, K.E., Head, J.W., 2005. Icarus 174, 444-474; Tanaka, K.L., Rodriguez, J.A.P., Skinner, J.A., Bourke, M.C., Fortezzo, C.M., Herkenhoff, K.E., Kolb, E.J., Okubo, C.H., 2008. Icarus 196, 318-358]. Elsewhere, the NPLD base is remarkably flat-lying and co-planar with the exposed surface of the surrounding Vastitas Borealis materials. Within the NPLD, we delineate and map four units based on the radar-layer packets of Phillips et al. [Phillips, R.J., and 26 colleagues, 2008. Science 320, 1182-1185] that extend throughout the deposits and a fifth unit confined to eastern Gemina Lingula. We estimate the volume of each internal unit and of the entire NPLD stack (821,000 km(3)), exclusive of the basal unit. Correlation of these units to models of insolation cycles and polar deposition [Laskar, J., Levrard, B., Mustard, J.F., 2002. Nature 419, 375-377; Levrard, B., Forget, F., Montmessin, F., Laskar, J., 2007. J. Geophys. Res. 112, E06012, 18 pp. doi: 10.102912006JE002772] is consistent with the 4.2-Ma age of the oldest preserved NPLD obtained by Levrard et al. [Levrard, B., Forget, F., Montmessin, F., Laskar, J., 2007. J. Geophys. Res. 112, E06012, 18 pp. doi:10.1029/2006JE002772]. We suggest a dominant layering mechanism of dust-content variation during accumulation rather than one of lag production during periods of sublimation. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Putzig, Nathaniel E.; Phillips, Roger J.; Egan, Anthony F.] SW Res Inst, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
[Phillips, Roger J.] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Campbell, Bruce A.; Carter, Lynn M.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Holt, John W.] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Plaut, Jeffrey J.; Safaeinili, Ali] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Bernardini, Fabrizio] A&C2000 SRL, I-00145 Rome, Italy.
[Seu, Roberto] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento InfoCom, I-00184 Rome, Italy.
RP Putzig, NE (reprint author), SW Res Inst, 1050 Walnut St,Suite 300, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
EM nathaniel@putzig.com
RI Holt, John/C-4896-2009; Carter, Lynn/D-2937-2012
NR 39
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 1
U2 10
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
EI 1090-2643
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 204
IS 2
BP 443
EP 457
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2009.07.034
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 519AX
UT WOS:000271738500007
ER
PT J
AU Mandt, K
de Silva, S
Zimbelman, J
Wyrick, D
AF Mandt, Kathleen
de Silva, Shanaka
Zimbelman, James
Wyrick, Danielle
TI Distinct erosional progressions in the Medusae Fossae Formation, Mars,
indicate contrasting environmental conditions
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mars, Surface; Mars, Climate
ID EOLIAN FEATURES; ORBITER CAMERA; IGNIMBRITES; MISSION; CHILE; MODEL; ICE
AB The form of erosional remnants of the Medusae Fossae Formation (MFF) on Mars provide evidence of their development progression and implicate two spatially distinct environments in the equatorial regions of Mars. Ubiquitous yardangs are clearly the product of strong unidirectional winds acting over time on variably indurated deposits. Yardang orientation is used as a proxy to map regional and local wind direction at meso-scale resolution. In other, more limited areas not subjected to strong unidirectional winds, randomly oriented kilometer-scale mesas and buttes are found to be remnants of progressive cliff recession through mass wasting as Support is lost from within the MFF lithology at its margins. The differing processes that dominate the formation of the distinctive landforms have implications for meso-scale variations in climate that remain unresolved by current modeling efforts. Additionally, the variability of erosional forms within the deposit emphasizes the overall complexity of this extensive formation. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mandt, Kathleen] SW Res Inst, Space Sci & Engn Dept, San Antonio, TX 78238 USA.
[Mandt, Kathleen] Univ N Dakota, Dept Space Studies, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
[de Silva, Shanaka] Oregon State Univ, Dept Geosci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Zimbelman, James] Smithsonian Inst, CEPS, NASM, MRC 315, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Wyrick, Danielle] SW Res Inst, Geosci & Engn Div, San Antonio, TX 78238 USA.
RP Mandt, K (reprint author), SW Res Inst, Space Sci & Engn Dept, San Antonio, TX 78238 USA.
EM kathymandt@yahoo.com
RI de Silva, Shanaka/A-4630-2011; Mandt, Kathleen/M-9812-2013
OI de Silva, Shanaka/0000-0002-0310-5516; Mandt,
Kathleen/0000-0001-8397-3315
FU North Dakota View Consortium; NASA [NNX07AP42G]
FX K.M. acknowledges research support from a 2006 North Dakota View
Consortium Grant. S.deS. thanks North Dakota Space Grant and Oregon
Space Grant for support to conduct this work. JZ was supported by NASA
Grant NNX07AP42G for portions of this work. We appreciate comments of
Peter Schultz on an earlier version of this manuscript and the reviews
of two anonymous journal reviewers that allowed us to hone our message
more clearly.
NR 41
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 4
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 204
IS 2
BP 471
EP 477
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2009.06.031
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 519AX
UT WOS:000271738500009
ER
PT J
AU Craddock, RA
Greeley, R
AF Craddock, Robert A.
Greeley, Ronald
TI Minimum estimates of the amount and timing of gases released into the
martian atmosphere from volcanic eruptions
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Review
DE Mars; Volcanism
ID X-RAY SPECTROMETER; KILAUEA VOLCANO; EARLY MARS; SNC METEORITES;
CARBON-DIOXIDE; GUSEV CRATER; TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; MELT INCLUSIONS;
WRINKLE RIDGES; VIKING LANDERS
AB Volcanism has been a major process during most of the geologic history of Mars. Based on data collected from terrestrial basaltic eruptions, we assume that the volatile content of martian lavas was typically similar to 0.5 wt.% water, similar to 0.7 wt.% carbon dioxide, similar to 0.14 wt.% sulfur dioxide, and contained several other important volatile constituents. From the geologic record of volcanism on Mars we find that during the late Noachian and through the Amazonian volcanic degassing contributed similar to 0.8 bar to the martian atmosphere. Because most of the outgassing consisted of greenhouse gases (i.e., CO2 and SO2 warmer surface temperatures resulting from volcanic eruptions may have been possible. Our estimates suggest that similar to 1.1 X 10(21) g (similar to 8 +/- 1 m m(-2)) of juvenile water were released by volcanism; slightly more than half the amount contained in the north polar cap and atmosphere. Estimates for released CO2 (1.6 x 10(21) g) suggests that a large reservoir of carbon dioxide is adsorbed in the martian regolith or alternatively similar to 300 cm cm(-2) of carbonates may have formed, although these materials would not occur readily in the presence of excess SO2. UP to similar to 120 cm cm(-2) (2.2 x 10(20) g) of acid rain (H2SO4) may have precipitated onto the martian surface as the result of SO2 degassing. The hydrogen flux resulting from volcanic outgassing may help explain the martian atmospheric D/H ratio. The amount of outgassed nitrogen (similar to 1.3 mbar) may also be capable of explaining the martian atmospheric N-15/N-14 ratio. Minor gas constituents (HF, HCl, and H2S) could have formed hydroxyl salts on the surface resulting in the physical weathering of geologic materials. The amount of hydrogen fluoride emitted (1.82 x 10(18) g) could be capable of dissolving a global layer of quartz sand similar to 5 mm thick, possibly explaining why this mineral has not been positively identified in spectral observations. The estimates of volcanic outgassing presented here will be useful in understanding how the martian atmosphere evolved over time. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Craddock, Robert A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Greeley, Ronald] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
RP Craddock, RA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Room 3776,MRC 315, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM craddockb@si.edu
RI Craddock, Robert/B-3884-2013
FU NASA's Mars Fundamental Research Program [NNX09AC27G]; Planetary Geology
and Geophysics Program; Mars Exploration Rover Project
FX We have benefited from useful discussions with Connie Bertka, Terry
Gerlach, Bruce Jakosky, Laurie Leshin, Glenn MacPherson, Jack Mustard,
Susan Postawko, Steve Ruff, Bruce Taylor, and Jim Zimbelman. Jim Kasting
and anonymous reviewer provided valuable comments in the review of this
manuscript that we greatly appreciate. This research is Supported by
NASA's Mars Fundamental Research Program Grant NNX09AC27G (Smithsonian
Institution), Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program, and the Mars
Exploration Rover Project.
NR 204
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 2
U2 11
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
EI 1090-2643
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 204
IS 2
BP 512
EP 526
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2009.07.026
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 519AX
UT WOS:000271738500013
ER
PT J
AU Krawczynski, H
Garson, A
Martin, J
Li, Q
Beilicke, M
Dowkontt, P
Lee, K
Wulf, E
Kurfess, J
Novikova, EI
De Geronimo, G
Baring, MG
Harding, AK
Grindlay, J
Hong, JS
AF Krawczynski, H.
Garson, A., III
Martin, J.
Li, Q.
Beilicke, M.
Dowkontt, P.
Lee, K.
Wulf, E.
Kurfess, J.
Novikova, E. I.
De Geronimo, G.
Baring, M. G.
Harding, A. K.
Grindlay, J.
Hong, J. S.
TI HX-POLA Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Gamma-ray astronomy; gamma-ray astronomy detectors; polarization;
semiconductor radiation detectors; X-ray astronomy; X-ray astronomy
detectors
ID POLARIZATION; CMOS; PULSARS; PROSPECTS; SPECTRUM; BURST
AB We report on the design and estimated performance of a balloon-borne hard X-ray polarimeter called HX-POL. The experiment uses a combination of Si and Cadmium Zinc Telluride detectors to measure the polarization of 50 keV-400 keV X-rays from cosmic sources through the dependence of the angular distribution of Compton scattered photons on the polarization direction. On a one-day balloon flight, HX-POL would allow us to measure the polarization of bright Crab-like sources for polarization degrees well below 10%. On a longer (15-30 day) flight from Australia or Antarctica, HX-POL would be be able to measure the polarization of bright galactic X-ray sources down to polarization degrees of a few percent. Hard X-ray polarization measurements provide unique venues for the study of particle acceleration processes by compact objects and relativistic outflows. In this paper, we discuss the overall instrument design and performance. Furthermore, we present results from laboratory tests of the Si and CZT detectors.
C1 [Krawczynski, H.; Garson, A., III; Martin, J.; Li, Q.; Beilicke, M.; Dowkontt, P.; Lee, K.] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Krawczynski, H.; Garson, A., III; Martin, J.; Li, Q.; Beilicke, M.; Dowkontt, P.; Lee, K.] McDonnel Ctr Space Sci, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
[Wulf, E.; Novikova, E. I.] USN, Res Lab, High Energy Space Environm Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Kurfess, J.] Praxis Inc, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA.
[De Geronimo, G.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77001 USA.
[Harding, A. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA.
[Grindlay, J.; Hong, J. S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Krawczynski, H (reprint author), Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
RI Wulf, Eric/B-1240-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012
FU Washington University; NASA [NNX07AH37G]
FX The work of the Washington University group was supported by NASA under
Grant NNX07AH37G.
NR 37
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
EI 1558-1578
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 56
IS 6
BP 3607
EP 3613
DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2034523
PN 2
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 530PR
UT WOS:000272605300006
ER
PT J
AU Fonseca, DM
Smith, JL
Kim, HC
Mogi, M
AF Fonseca, Dina M.
Smith, Julie L.
Kim, Heung-Chul
Mogi, Motoyoshi
TI Population genetics of the mosquito Culex pipiens pallens reveals
sex-linked asymmetric introgression by Culex quinquefasciatus
SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Hybridization; Genetic introgression; Speciation; Invasive species;
Disease vectors; Asia; Sex-linked
ID MULTIPLE INTRODUCTIONS; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE GENE; NATURAL
HYBRIDIZATION; LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY; HYBRID ZONE; ACE GENE; CULICIDAE;
DIPTERA; COMPLEX; EVOLUTION
AB The Culex pipiens complex in Asia includes a temperate subspecies, Culex pipiens pallens, of uncertain taxonomic status. The shape of the male genitalia suggests it is a hybrid between Cx. pipiens and Cx. quinquefasciatus. We studied populations of Cx p. pallens in Japan, Korea, and China and compared them to local populations of Cx quinquefasciatus and Cx. p. pipiens. We examined variation in a nuclear intron in the acetylcholinesterase-2 gene [ACE] and eight microsatellite loci. We found a distinct microsatellite signature for Cx. p. pallens indicating restricted gene flow between Eastern and Western populations of Cx. pipiens, supporting the existence of two subspecies. Furthermore, a multilocus genotype analysis revealed current hybridization between Cx A pallens and Cx. quinquefasciatus in southern Japan, Republic of Korea, and China but not in Hokkaido, in northern Japan. Surprisingly, however, we found that the sex-linked ACE locus in chromosome I has introgressed asymmetrically through the males such that all male Cx. p. pallens have a copy of the Cx quinquefasciatus ACE locus. This result highlights some of the potential consequences of hybridization between local and introduced species to disease transmission worldwide. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Fonseca, Dina M.] Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Vector Biol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Smith, Julie L.] Smithsonian Inst, Genet Program, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Kim, Heung-Chul] USA, Med Detachment 5, Med Command 18, APO, AP 96205 USA.
[Mogi, Motoyoshi] Saga Med Sch, Dept Microbiol, Saga 8498501, Japan.
RP Fonseca, DM (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Vector Biol, 180 Jones Av, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
EM dinafons@rci.rutgers.edu
RI Meyer, Julie/D-1021-2010; Fonseca, Dina/B-9951-2011
OI Meyer, Julie/0000-0003-3382-3321; Fonseca, Dina/0000-0003-4726-7100
FU NIH [R01GMO63258]
FX Financial support: NIH R01GMO63258.
NR 46
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1567-1348
J9 INFECT GENET EVOL
JI Infect. Genet. Evol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 9
IS 6
BP 1197
EP 1203
DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2009.06.023
PG 7
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA 537HU
UT WOS:000273104700020
PM 19584006
ER
PT J
AU Quintero, JA
Candela, SA
Rios, CA
Montes, C
Uribe, C
AF Quintero, J. A.
Candela, S. A.
Rios, C. A.
Montes, C.
Uribe, C.
TI Spontaneous combustion of the Upper Paleocene Cerrejon Formation coal
and generation of clinker in La Guajira Peninsula (Caribbean Region of
Colombia)
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Clinker; Cerrejon Formation; Spontaneous combustion; Coal; Geologic past
ID POWDER-RIVER BASIN; JHARIA COALFIELD; NATURAL CLINKER; INDIAN COALS;
FIRES; TEMPERATURE; CHINA; CATASTROPHE; SEDIMENTS; SURFACE
AB Clinker referred here as red and brick-looking burnt rocks found interbedded in the Upper Paleocene Cerrejon Formation is the result of spontaneous and natural combustion of coal seams in the recent geologic past. These rocks have been mapped, measured and characterized in the Cerrejon Coal Mine at La Guajira Peninsula (Colombia). These burnt rocks usually outcrop in irregular patterns as almost tabular bodies up to 100 m thick, thinning and pinching out below ground surface to depths up to 448 m. Mapping revealed that clinker is usually found near deformed zones, either faults or tight folds. Timing of spontaneous combustion seems to predate folding and faulting, but seems to postdate the development of the Cerrejon thrust fault and alluvial fan proceeding from the Perija Range. Clinker covers an area of around 2.9 x 10(6)m(2) with a volume of approximately 1.4 x 10(8) m(3). The calculation of the amount of heat released through coal burning indicates that complete combustion of 6.4 Mt of 26.4 x 10(6)J/kg coal would yield 17 x 10(13)J. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rios, C. A.] Univ Ind Santander, Escuela Geol, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
[Quintero, J. A.] Carbones Cerrejon Ltd, Bogota, Colombia.
[Candela, S. A.] ECOPETROL SA, Bogota, Colombia.
[Montes, C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama.
[Uribe, C.] Tubos Moore SA, Bogota, Colombia.
RP Rios, CA (reprint author), Univ Ind Santander, Escuela Geol, Cr 27 Cl 9,Ciudad Univ, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
EM carios@uis.edu.co
OI Montes, Camilo/0000-0002-3553-0787
NR 73
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 80
IS 3-4
BP 196
EP 210
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2009.09.004
PG 15
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA 528BC
UT WOS:000272414100006
ER
PT J
AU Rick, TC
AF Rick, Torben C.
TI The Chumash World at European Contact: Power, Trade, and Feasting among
Complex Hunter-Gatherers
SO JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Rick, Torben C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Rick, TC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV NEW MEXICO, DEPT ANTHROPOL
PI ALBUQUERQUE
PA MSC01 1040, ANTHROPOLOGY 1, UNIV NEW MEXICO, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 USA
SN 0091-7710
EI 2153-3806
J9 J ANTHROPOL RES
JI J. Anthropol. Res.
PD WIN
PY 2009
VL 65
IS 4
BP 663
EP 664
PG 2
WC Anthropology
SC Anthropology
GA 534JS
UT WOS:000272893000020
ER
PT J
AU Cholis, I
Finkbeiner, DP
Goodenough, L
Weiner, N
AF Cholis, Ilias
Finkbeiner, Douglas P.
Goodenough, Lisa
Weiner, Neal
TI The PAMELA positron excess from annihilations into a light boson
SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE dark matter theory; cosmic ray experiments; dark matter experiments;
cosmic ray theory
ID SUPERSYMMETRIC DARK-MATTER; COSMIC-RAYS; ANTIPROTONS; EMISSION;
FRACTION; GALAXY; PROBE; HALO
AB Recently published results from the PAMELA experiment have shown conclusive evidence for an excess of positrons at high(similar to 10 - 100 GeV) energies,confirming earlier indications from HEAT and AMS-01. Such a signal is generally expected from dark matter annihilations. However,the hard positron spectrum and large amplitude are difficult to achieve in most conventional WIMP models. The absence of any associated excess in anti-protons is highly constraining on models with hadronic annihilation modes. We revisit an earlier proposal, where in the dark matter annihilates into a new light (less than or similar to GeV) boson phi, which is kinematically constrained to go to hard leptonic states,without anti-protonsor pi(0)'s. We find this provides a very good fit to the data. The light boson naturally provides a mechanism by which large cross sections can be achieved through the Sommerfeld enhancement, as was recently proposed. Depending on the mass of the WIMP, the rise may continue above 300 GeV, the extent of PAMELA's ability to discriminate between electrons and positrons.
C1 [Cholis, Ilias; Goodenough, Lisa; Weiner, Neal] NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA.
[Finkbeiner, Douglas P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Cholis, I (reprint author), NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, 4 Washington Pl, New York, NY 10003 USA.
EM ijc219@nyu.edu; dfinkbeiner@cfa.harvard.edu; lcg261@nyu.edu;
neal.weiner@nyu.edu
FU NASA [NAG5-12972]; NSF [PHY-0449818]; DOE [DE-FG02-06ER41417]
FX We thank N. Arkani-Hamed, G. Dobler, J. Gelfand, D. Hooper, A. Pierce
and J. Roberts for helpful discussions. DF is partially supported by
NASA LTSA grant NAG5-12972. NW is supported by NSF CAREER grant
PHY-0449818, and IC, LG and NW are supported by DOE OJI grant#
DE-FG02-06ER41417.
NR 72
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1475-7516
J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P
JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 2009
IS 12
AR 007
DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2009/12/007
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 540EQ
UT WOS:000273314300019
ER
PT J
AU Batiuk, RA
Breitburg, DL
Diaz, RJ
Cronin, TM
Secor, DH
Thursby, G
AF Batiuk, Richard A.
Breitburg, Denise L.
Diaz, Robert J.
Cronin, Thomas M.
Secor, David H.
Thursby, Glen
TI Derivation of habitat-specific dissolved oxygen criteria for Chesapeake
Bay and its tidal tributaries
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Chesapeake Bay; Designated uses; Dissolved oxygen; Water quality
criteria
ID PARTIALLY STRATIFIED ESTUARY; ANCHOA-MITCHILLI EGGS; STRIPED BASS;
ATLANTIC STURGEON; ACIPENSER-OXYRINCHUS; PHYSICAL PROCESSES;
CYNOSCION-REGALIS; HISTORICAL TRENDS; PERIODIC HYPOXIA; FISH LARVAE
AB The Chesapeake 2000 Agreement committed its state and federal signatories to "define the water quality conditions necessary to protect aquatic living resources" in the Chesapeake Bay (USA) and its tidal tributaries. Hypoxia is one of the key water quality issues addressed as a result of the above Agreement. This paper summarizes the protection goals and specific criteria intended to achieve those goals for addressing hypoxia. The criteria take into account the variety of Bay habitats and the tendency towards low dissolved oxygen in some areas of the Bay. Stressful dissolved oxygen conditions were characterized for a diverse array of living resources of the Chesapeake Bay by different aquatic habitats: migratory fish spawning and nursery, shallow-water, open-water, deep-water, and deep-channel. The dissolved oxygen criteria derived for each of these habitats are intended to protect against adverse effects on survival, growth, reproduction and behavior. The criteria accommodate both spatial and temporal aspects of low oxygen events, and have been adopted into the Chesapeake Bay states - Maryland, Virginia, and Delaware - and the District of Columbia's water quality standards regulations. These criteria, now in the form of state regulatory standards, are driving an array of land-based and wastewater pollution reduction actions across the six-watershed. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Batiuk, Richard A.] US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA.
[Breitburg, Denise L.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
[Diaz, Robert J.] Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Cronin, Thomas M.] US Geol Survey, USGS Natl Ctr 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Secor, David H.] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
[Thursby, Glen] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
RP Batiuk, RA (reprint author), US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, 410 Severn Ave, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA.
EM batiuk.richard@epa.gov
RI Secor, D/D-4367-2012
OI Secor, D/0000-0001-6007-4827
NR 131
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 28
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0981
EI 1879-1697
J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL
JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 381
SU 1
BP S204
EP S215
DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2009.07.023
PG 12
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 525HV
UT WOS:000272206800021
ER
PT J
AU Rose, KA
Adamack, AT
Murphy, CA
Sable, SE
Kolesar, SE
Craig, JK
Breitburg, DL
Thomas, P
Brouwer, MH
Cerco, CF
Diamond, S
AF Rose, Kenneth A.
Adamack, Aaron T.
Murphy, Cheryl A.
Sable, Shaye E.
Kolesar, Sarah E.
Craig, J. Kevin
Breitburg, Denise L.
Thomas, Peter
Brouwer, Marius H.
Cerco, Carl F.
Diamond, Sandra
TI Does hypoxia have population-level effects on coastal fish? Musings from
the virtual world
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Avoidance; Community; Dissolved oxygen; Fish; Hypoxia; Model; Population
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; CROAKER MICROPOGONIAS-UNDULATUS; ESTUARY-DEPENDENT
FISHES; ATLANTIC CROAKER; CHESAPEAKE BAY; PATUXENT RIVER; INFREQUENT
DISTURBANCES; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; HABITAT QUALITY
AB Hypoxia is often associated with increasing nutrient loadings and has clear mortality effects on sessile organisms, but its population effects on mobile organisms in coastal environments are uncertain. The evidence for hypoxia having population level effects is laboratory experiments, many examples of localized effects in nature, a few population-level examples, fish kills, and intuition. Despite the perception by many people, none of these provide conclusive evidence of widespread population responses to hypoxia. We synthesize the results from seven ecological simulation models that examined how low dissolved oxygen (DO) affected fish at the individual. population, and community levels. These models represent a variety of species, simulate the dynamics at a range of temporal scales and spatial scales, and impose a variety of subsets of possible DO effects. Several patterns emerged from the accumulated results. First, predicted responses were large in simpler models, and small to large in more complex models. Second, while the main effects of increased hypoxia were generally small to moderate, there were instances of relatively large indirect effects and interaction effects. Indirect effects involved growth and mortality responses due to altered spatial distribution (rather than due directly to DO) and food web interactions. Interaction effects were larger responses to hypoxia when other factors were at certain levels (e.g., responses at low versus high fish densities). Interactions also occurred when the predicted responses were larger than would be expected by the sum of the separate effects. Third, accurate information on exposure and degree of avoidance of low DO were critical unknowns. Our interpretations should be viewed as suggestive rather than definitive. The patterns described were based on a collection of modeling results that were not designed to be compared to each other. A quick look at other models seems to confirm our patterns, or at minimum, does not contradict our patterns. Quantifying the effects of hypoxia on fish populations, whether large or small, is critical for effective management of coastal ecosystems and for cost-effective and efficient design of remediation actions. The potential for interaction and indirect effects complicates field study and management. Improving our predictions of the effects of hypoxia on fish populations and communities has moved from a computational issue to a biological issue. We seem to be making progress on monitoring and modeling movement behavior, but progress is slower in food web theory and empirical research and in quantifying interspecific interactions and habitat quality in terms of process rates that relate to population dynamics. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rose, Kenneth A.; Sable, Shaye E.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Adamack, Aaron T.] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Murphy, Cheryl A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Kolesar, Sarah E.] St Marys Coll Maryland, Dept Biol, St Marys City, MD 20686 USA.
[Craig, J. Kevin] Florida State Univ, Coastal & Marine Lab, St Teresa, FL 32358 USA.
[Breitburg, Denise L.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
[Thomas, Peter] Univ Texas, Inst Marine Sci, Port Aransas, TX 78373 USA.
[Brouwer, Marius H.] Univ So Mississippi, Gulf Coast Res Lab, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA.
[Cerco, Carl F.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA.
[Diamond, Sandra] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
RP Rose, KA (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Energy Coast & Environm Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM karose@lsu.edu
OI Adamack, Aaron/0000-0002-9746-5351
FU US Environmental Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results (STAR)
Estuarine and Great Lakes (EaGLe) program; Consortium for Estuarine
Ecoindicator Research for the Gulf of Mexico (CEER-GOM; US EPA Agreement
[R82945801]; US Army Engineer District, Baltimore; US EPA Chesapeake Bay
Program Office: NOAA's Coastal Ocean Program: Louisiana Sea; National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Center for Sponsored Coastal
Ocean Research (CSCOR) [NA06NOS4780131]; US EPA
FX The first author (KAR) was involved with all of the models.
Collaborators on each of the models were included as co-authors on this
paper because of their critical role in the development of their
respective models and the shaping of ideas presented in this paper. KAR
assumes responsibility for the content of the entire paper. Funding for
development of the various models was provided by: the US Environmental
Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Estuarine and
Great Lakes (EaGLe) program through funding to the Consortium for
Estuarine Ecoindicator Research for the Gulf of Mexico (CEER-GOM; US EPA
Agreement R82945801); US Army Engineer District, Baltimore; US EPA
Chesapeake Bay Program Office: NOAA's Coastal Ocean Program: Louisiana
Sea Grant as part of a joint North Carolina, Delaware, and Louisiana
project, and Maryland Sea Grant. Preparation of this paper was supported
by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Center for
Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research (CSCOR), NGOMEX06 grant number
NA06NOS4780131 awarded to the University of Texas. This is publication
number 106 of the NOAA's CSCOR NGOMEX06 program, and NOAA-GLERL
contribution 1507. Although the research described in this article was
funded wholly or in part by the US EPA, it has not been subjected to the
Agency's required peer and policy review and, therefore, does not
necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement
should be inferred. [SS]
NR 88
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0981
EI 1879-1697
J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL
JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 381
SU 1
BP S188
EP S203
DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2009.07.022
PG 16
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 525HV
UT WOS:000272206800020
ER
PT J
AU Seitz, RD
Dauer, DM
Llanso, RJ
Long, WC
AF Seitz, Rochelle D.
Dauer, Daniel M.
Llanso, Roberto J.
Long, W. Christopher
TI Broad-scale effects of hypoxia on benthic community structure in
Chesapeake Bay, USA
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Benthos; Biomass; Chesapeake Bay; Diversity; Hypoxia; Infauna
ID CRAB CALLINECTES-SAPIDUS; LOW DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; LONG-TERM VARIATION;
ESTUARINE FOOD-WEB; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES;
VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; TROPHIC INTERACTIONS; MACOMA-BALTHICA;
ORGANIC-MATTER
AB Benthic communities provide secondary production for higher trophic levels, and changes in benthic community structure can be a harbinger for associated food web alterations. Benthic communities can be affected by variations in water quality, with low dissolved oxygen reducing benthic abundance and biomass. We quantified the effects of dissolved oxygen and other environmental factors upon changes in density, biomass, and diversity of the macrobenthic community from long-term data (1996-2004) from the Chesapeake Bay Program's benthic monitoring. Benthic density, biomass, and diversity were significantly and negatively correlated with water depth and positively correlated with the dissolved oxygen level. in an assessment of multiple models using Akaike's Information Criteria, oxygen was the single best predictor of summer benthic infaunal density by depth. Biomass was best predicted by depth, salinity, and dissolved oxygen together. Moreover, oxygen was among the important factors determining Shannon (HI) diversity. Benthic diversity in Chesapeake Bay over 2001-2004 was historically low compared to that over the years 1996-2000 and was directly correlated with the severity of hypoxia. Hypoxia leads to mass mortality of benthos, which reduces the overall availability of secondary production to higher trophic levels and can affect overall productivity in Chesapeake Bay. Regions with low dissolved oxygen should be managed to minimize deleterious anthropogenic effects on benthos that may affect higher trophic levels. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Seitz, Rochelle D.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Dauer, Daniel M.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Llanso, Roberto J.] Versar Inc, Columbia, MD 21045 USA.
[Long, W. Christopher] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
RP Seitz, RD (reprint author), Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, POB 1346, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
EM seitz@vims.edu
RI Long, William/C-7074-2009;
OI Long, William/0000-0002-7095-1245; Seitz, Rochelle/0000-0001-8044-7424
FU Smithsonian Institute Marine Science Network Postdoctoral Fellowship;
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
FX We thank the staff at Versar and Old Dominion University, particularly
Mike (Bear) Lane, for data from the Chesapeake Bay Program's benthic
monitoring. Maryland Department of Natural Resources and Virginia DEQ
funded the benthic monitoring program. WCL was supported by a
Smithsonian Institute Marine Science Network Postdoctoral Fellowship.
This is contribution number 2999 from the Virginia Institute of Marine
Science. [SS]
NR 69
TC 34
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0981
J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL
JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 381
BP S4
EP S12
DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2009.07.004
PG 9
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 525HV
UT WOS:000272206800002
ER
PT J
AU Halperin, CT
Bishop, RL
Spensley, E
Blackman, MJ
AF Halperin, Christina T.
Bishop, Ronald L.
Spensley, Ellen
Blackman, M. James
TI Late Classic (AD 600-900) Maya Market Exchange: Analysis of Figurines
from the Motul de San Jose Region, Guatemala
SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID NEUTRON-ACTIVATION ANALYSIS; CRAFT; MEXICO; SPECIALIZATION; ECONOMIES;
POTTERY; SOCIETY; POWER; CIVILIZATION; ARCHAEOLOGY
AB Archaeologists studying ancient state societies often divide political economic models into separate prestige goods and subsistence goods systems. For the Maya during the Late Classic period (ca. A.D. 600-900), scholars have suggested that the elite centrally controlled the production and circulation of prestige goods while local communities and households were responsible for subsistence goods manufacture and exchange, which operated in a largely decentralized fashion. We examine an alternative to this dichotomous system through a festival market model that postulates a wide array of social groups engaged in material goods exchange during ceremonial events and public festive gatherings. This model is investigated using modal, petrographic, and Instrumental Neutron Activation analyses (INAA) of Late Classic ceramic figurines from the Motul de San Jose region, Peten, Guatemala. Ceramic figurines are frequently associated with household affairs because of their presence in household middens. We find that paste types crosscut different household status groups and communities within the region and argue that figurines were exchanged within the context of festival markets. This exchange pattern has important implications for linking households to larger political and regional spheres of social and economic life.
C1 [Halperin, Christina T.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anthropol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Bishop, Ronald L.; Blackman, M. James] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Spensley, Ellen] Boston Univ, Dept Archaeol, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
RP Halperin, CT (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Anthropol, 109 Davenport Hall,MC 148,607 S Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM cthalp@illinois.edu
NR 130
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 3
PU MANEY PUBLISHING
PI LEEDS
PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND
SN 0093-4690
J9 J FIELD ARCHAEOL
JI J. Field Archaeol.
PD WIN
PY 2009
VL 34
IS 4
BP 457
EP 480
PG 24
WC Archaeology
SC Archaeology
GA 557US
UT WOS:000274696200006
ER
PT J
AU Cacciali, P
Scott, NJ
Guenther, R
Sawaya, RJ
Brusquetti, F
Bauer, F
AF Cacciali, Pier
Scott, Nowan J., Jr.
Guenther, Rainer
Sawaya, Ricardo J.
Brusquetti, Francisco
Bauer, Frederick
TI Taxonomic Status of the False Coral Snake Genus Simophis (Peters, 1860)
(Serpentes: Colubridae: Colubrinae) from Paraguay and Brazil
SO JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PHYLOGENY; CERRADO
AB The genus Simophis includes Brazilian and Paraguayan colubrid snakes with color patterns mimetic with triad-banded coral snakes of the genus Micrurus. Currently Simophis is thought to include two species: Simophis rhinostoma, described from Brazil and recorded in the literature from Paraguay, and Simophis rohdei, considered to be a Paraguayan endemic. The species are differentiated by the number of scale rows at midbody (15 in S. rhinostoma and 17 in S. rohdei) and the number of supralabial scales (7 in S. rhinostoma and 8 in S. rohdei). A review of specimens from Paraguay and Brazil indicate variation in the number of supralabial scales, and a reexamination of the holotype of Rhinaspis rohdei showed that it actually has 15 middorsal scale rows and not 17 as was indicated in the original description. A single specimen from Brasilia has 17 dorsal scale rows. The genus Simophis must be considered to be monotypic (S. rhinostoma), having 15 dorsal scale rows (rarely 17) and between 7 and 9 supralabials (rarely 5). The species has a unique combination of characters, some associated with arboreality (slender body, long tail, laterally keeled ventral scales), and one found in fossorial snakes (shovel-shaped rostral).
C1 [Cacciali, Pier] Univ Republica, Fac Ciencias, Dept Paleontol, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay.
[Cacciali, Pier] Estac Ecol San Rafael, Alto Vera, Itapua, Paraguay.
[Scott, Nowan J., Jr.] Smithsonian Inst, Creston, CA 93432 USA.
[Guenther, Rainer] Humboldt Univ, Museum Nat Kunde, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.
[Sawaya, Ricardo J.] Inst Butantan, Lab Especial Ecol & Evolucao, BR-05503900 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Brusquetti, Francisco] Inst Invest Biol Paraguay, Dept Herpetol, Asuncion 1429, Paraguay.
[Bauer, Frederick] Fdn Dracaena, Asuncion 1702, Paraguay.
RP Cacciali, P (reprint author), Univ Republica, Fac Ciencias, Dept Paleontol, Igua 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay.
EM pier_cacciali@yahoo.com; amphibscott@gmail.com;
rainer.guenther@museum.hu-berlin.de; sawaya@butantan.gov.br;
franbrusquetti@gmail.com; frebauer@hotmail.com
RI Sawaya, Ricardo/F-9209-2012
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 10
PU SOC STUDY AMPHIBIANS REPTILES
PI ST LOUIS
PA C/O ROBERT D ALDRIDGE, ST LOUIS UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 3507 LACLEDE, ST
LOUIS, MO 63103 USA
SN 0022-1511
J9 J HERPETOL
JI J. Herpetol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 43
IS 4
BP 698
EP 703
PG 6
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 541TZ
UT WOS:000273444800018
ER
PT J
AU Gaudin, TJ
Emry, RJ
Wible, JR
AF Gaudin, Timothy J.
Emry, Robert J.
Wible, John R.
TI The Phylogeny of Living and Extinct Pangolins (Mammalia, Pholidota) and
Associated Taxa: A Morphology Based Analysis
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALIAN EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Morphology; Pholidota; Palaeanodonta; Pangolins; Phylogeny;
Eurotamandua; Euromanis krebsi
ID XENARTHRA; EOCENE; MANIDAE; TREE; TARDIGRADA; AFRICA; EAR
AB The present study was undertaken in order to effect a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the order Pholidota, examining seven of the eight currently recognized extant species (absent is Manis culionensis, formerly recognized as a subspecies of Manis javanica) and nearly all the well-known fossil taxa, and employing a wide range of osteological characters from the entire skeleton. In addition, the relationship of pangolins to several putative early Tertiary relatives, including palaeanodonts and the enigmatic "edentate" Eurotamandua joresi, were investigated. The goal of the study was to improve understanding of the systematics and the biogeographic and evolutionary history of the pangolins. A computer-based cladistic analysis of phylogenetic relationships among seven extant species of pangolins, five extinct pangolin species (including all but one of the well-preserved taxa), as well as Eurotamandua and two genera of metacheiromyid palaeanodonts, Palaeanodon and Metacheiromys, was performed based upon 395 osteological characteristics of the skull and postcranial skeleton. Characters were polarized via comparison to the following successive outgroups: the basal feliform carnivoran Nandinia binotata and the hedgehog Erinaceus sp., a eulipotyphlan laursiatherian placental. A revised classification is presented based on the results of the analysis. The results support the monophyly of Pholidota and Palaeanodonta by providing new anatomical characters that can serve to diagnose a pangolin/palaeanodont clade, termed here Pholidotamorpha. Pholidota is defined so as to include all living and fossil pangolins, including all three taxa of middle Eocene "edentates" from the Messel fauna of Germany, among them Eurotamandua joresi. The results do not support the monophyly of the remaining two Messel "edentates" originally placed in the same genus Eomanis, which is restricted to the type species Eomanis waldi. Euromanis, new genus, is named with Eomanis krebsi Storch and Martin, 1994, as the type species, to form a new combination Euromanis krebsi (Storch and Martin, 1994). The analysis strongly supports the monophyly of a crown clade of pangolins diagnosed by many anatomical synapomorphies, the family Manidae. This crown clade is sister to the family Patriomanidae, which includes two Tertiary taxa, Patriomanis americana and Cryptomanis gobiensis, within the superfamily Manoidea. The relationship of the Tertiary European pangolin Necromanis to these two families is unresolved. Within Manidae, the extant species are divided into three well-supported, monophyletic genera, Manis for the Asian pangolins, Smutsia for the African ground pangolins, and Phataginus for the African tree pangolins. The latter two form a monophyletic African assemblage, the subfamily Smutsiinae. The biogeographic implications of this phylogeny are examined. A European origin for Pholidota is strongly indicated. The fossil record of pangolins would seem to support a European origin for the modern forms, with subsequent dispersal into sub-Saharan African and then to southern Asia, and the phylogeny produced in this analysis is consistent with such a scenario.
C1 [Gaudin, Timothy J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Chattanooga, TN 37403 USA.
[Emry, Robert J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Wible, John R.] Carnegie Museum Nat Hist, Sect Mammals, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA.
RP Gaudin, TJ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, 615 McCallie Ave, Chattanooga, TN 37403 USA.
EM Timothy-Gaudin@utc.edu; emryr@si.edu; WibleJ@CarnegieMNH.Org
NR 75
TC 28
Z9 31
U1 17
U2 71
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1064-7554
EI 1573-7055
J9 J MAMM EVOL
JI J. Mamm. Evol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 16
IS 4
BP 235
EP 305
DI 10.1007/s10914-009-9119-9
PG 71
WC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology
SC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology
GA 510CT
UT WOS:000271066300001
ER
PT J
AU Dechmann, DKN
Santana, SE
Dumont, ER
AF Dechmann, Dina K. N.
Santana, Sharlene E.
Dumont, Elizabeth R.
TI ROOST MAKING IN BATS-ADAPTATIONS FOR EXCAVATING ACTIVE TERMITE NESTS
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bite force; ecological niche; fitness; Lophostoma silvicolum; natural
selection; sex dimorphism
ID LOPHOSTOMA-SILVICOLUM; FEEDING MECHANISMS; SEXUAL SELECTION; FOOD
HARDNESS; BITE FORCE; PERFORMANCE; PHYLLOSTOMIDAE; SHAPE; SIZE;
INSECTIVORY
AB The breadth of an animals' ecological niche is circumscribed by its morphology, performance, and behavior, 3 factors that can ultimately affect fitness. We investigated potential behavioral and performance adaptations to roost making, a life-history trait associated with high fitness in the insectivorous bat Lophostoma silvicolum. Males of this species use their teeth to excavate roosts in active termite nests, which we found to be much harder than the hardest prey in the bats' diet (beetles). We compared roost making and feeding behavior in L. silvicolum. We also compared the feeding behavior of L. silvicolum to that of 2 similar species that do not excavate roosts. All 3 species predominantly used bilateral bites centered on the premolar and molar teeth to eat beetles. In contrast, L. silvicolum used mainly bilateral bites involving the incisors and canines for roost excavation. All species generated similar bite forces during biting behaviors associated with feeding, but L. silvicolum generated significantly higher bite forces during biting behaviors used for roost excavation. We found no difference in canine tooth wear between the sexes, but tooth wear was significantly higher in an ecologically similar species that does not excavate roosts. We conclude that the behavior, performance, and possibly morphology of L. silvicolum represent adaptations to roost excavation.
C1 [Dechmann, Dina K. N.] Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wildlife Res, D-10315 Berlin, Germany.
[Dechmann, Dina K. N.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
[Dumont, Elizabeth R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Dechmann, DKN (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wildlife Res, Alfred Kowalke Str 17, D-10315 Berlin, Germany.
EM ddechmann@orn.mpg.de
RI Dechmann, Dina/A-1827-2010
FU Roche Research Foundation; ZUNIV-Fonds zur Forderung des Akademischen
Nachwuchses; German Science Foundation [VO 890/11-1]; David J. Klingener
Endowment Scholarship; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; National
Science Foundation [IOB 0447616, DBI 0743460]
FX For help with fieldwork, we thank M. Gamba-Rios, S. Heucke, D. Kelm, K.
Loukes, J. Marvel, K. Miller, N. Ory, R. Page, A. Renaud, S. Spehn, C.
Weise, and J. Murillo. DKND was supported by grants from the Roche
Research Foundation, the ZUNIV-Fonds zur Forderung des Akademischen
Nachwuchses, and the German Science Foundation (VO 890/11-1). SES was
supported by a David J. Klingener Endowment Scholarship and a
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Predoctoral Fellowship. ERD was
supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (IOB 0447616
and DBI 0743460). We are grateful to the Smithsonian Tropical Research
Institute, the Panamanian National Authority for the Environment
(Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente), and the Venezuelan Ministerio del
Anibiente for research permits, which ensured that all work was carried
out in concordance with current Panamanian and Venezuelan laws and
according to Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee protocols.
NR 52
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 5
PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0022-2372
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 90
IS 6
BP 1461
EP 1468
DI 10.1644/09-MAMM-A-097R.1
PG 8
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 536YT
UT WOS:000273080600021
ER
PT J
AU Ostrovsky, AN
O'Dea, A
Rodriguez, F
AF Ostrovsky, Andrew N.
O'Dea, Aaron
Rodriguez, Felix
TI Comparative Anatomy of Internal Incubational Sacs in Cupuladriid
Bryozoans and the Evolution of Brooding in Free-Living Cheilostomes
SO JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Cupuladriidae; embryonic incubation; sexual reproduction
ID FOSSIL LUNULITIDAE BRYOZOA; NEW-ZEALAND; REPRODUCTIVE PATTERNS; NEOGENE
CUPULADRIIDAE; CALLOPORID BRYOZOANS; TROPICAL AMERICA; OPPOSITE SIDES;
SENSU-LATO; GENUS; ISTHMUS
AB Numerous gross morphological attributes are shared among unrelated free-living bryozoans revealing convergent evolution associated with functional demands of living on soft sediments. Here, we show that the reproductive structures across free-living groups evolved convergently. The most prominent convergent traits are the collective reduction of external brood chambers (ovicells) and the acquisition of internal brooding. Anatomical studies of four species from the cheilostome genera Cupuladria and Discoporella (Cupuladriidae) show that these species incubate their embryos in internal brooding sacs located in the coelom of the maternal nonpolymorphic autozooids. This sac consists of a main chamber and a narrow neck communicating to the vestibulum. The distal wall of the vestibulum possesses a cuticular thickening, which may further isolate the brood cavity. The presence of this character in all four species strongly supports grouping Cupuladria and Discoporella in one taxon. Further evidence suggests that the Cupuladriidae may be nested within the Calloporidae. Based on the structure of brooding organs, two scenarios are proposed to explain the evolution of the internal brooding in cupuladriids. The evolution of brood chambers and their origin in other free-living cheilostomes is discussed. Unlike the vast majority of Neocheilostomina, almost all free-living cheilostomes possess nonprominent chambers for embryonic incubation, either endozooidal and immersed ovicells or internal brooding sacs, supporting the idea that internal embryonic incubation is derived. speculate that prominent skeletal brood chambers are disadvantageous to a free-living mode of life that demands easy movement through sediment in instable sea-floor settings. J. Morphol. 270:1413-1430, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 [Ostrovsky, Andrew N.] Univ Vienna, Dept Palaeontol, Fac Earth Sci Geog & Astron, Geozentrum, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
[Ostrovsky, Andrew N.] St Petersburg State Univ, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Fac Biol & Soil Sci, St Petersburg 199034, Russia.
[O'Dea, Aaron; Rodriguez, Felix] Ctr Trop Paleoecol & Archeol, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Ostrovsky, AN (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Dept Palaeontol, Fac Earth Sci Geog & Astron, Geozentrum, Althanstr 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
EM oan_univer@yahoo.com
RI O'Dea, Aaron/D-4114-2011; Ostrovsky, Andrew/D-6439-2012
OI Ostrovsky, Andrew/0000-0002-3646-9439
FU SENACYT, Panama; FWF, Austria [P19337-1317]; RFBR, Russia
[07-04-00928a]; STRI, Panama; NSF, USA [EAR03-45471]
FX Contract grant sponsor: SENACYT, Panama; FWF, Austria; Grant number:
P19337-1317; Contract grant sponsor: RFBR, Russia; Grant number:
07-04-00928a; Contract grant sponsor: STRI, Panama. Contract grant
sponsor: NSF, USA; Grant number: EAR03-45471.
NR 140
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0362-2525
J9 J MORPHOL
JI J. Morphol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 270
IS 12
BP 1413
EP 1430
DI 10.1002/jmor.10767
PG 18
WC Anatomy & Morphology
SC Anatomy & Morphology
GA 525GF
UT WOS:000272202100001
PM 19572311
ER
PT J
AU Chapman, SK
Shaw, R
Langley, JA
AF Chapman, Samantha K.
Shaw, R.
Langley, J. A.
TI SOIL CARBON STORAGE ACROSS A GRADIENT OF LAND USE IN MOUNTAIN
ECOSYSTEMS.
SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Chapman, Samantha K.; Shaw, R.; Langley, J. A.] Villanova Univ, Dept Biol, Villanova, PA 19085 USA.
[Langley, J. A.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS
PI MARCELINE
PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA
SN 0022-300X
J9 J NEMATOL
JI J. Nematol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 41
IS 4
BP 317
EP 317
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 647BI
UT WOS:000281590300053
ER
PT J
AU Drake, BG
AF Drake, Bert G.
TI RISING ATMOSPHERIC CO2, CLIMATE CHANGE AND CARBON BALANCE IN TERRESTRIAL
ECOSYSTEMS.
SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Drake, Bert G.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS
PI MARCELINE
PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA
SN 0022-300X
J9 J NEMATOL
JI J. Nematol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 41
IS 4
BP 326
EP 326
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 647BI
UT WOS:000281590300076
ER
PT J
AU Giblin-Davis, RM
Kanzaki, N
Hazir, C
Hazir, S
Wcislo, W
Ye, W
Thomas, WK
AF Giblin-Davis, Robin M.
Kanzaki, N.
Hazir, C.
Hazir, S.
Wcislo, W.
Ye, W.
Thomas, W. K.
TI NEMATODE ASSOCIATIONS WITH WILD BEES FROM GLOBAL DIVERSITY SURVEYS.
SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Giblin-Davis, Robin M.; Kanzaki, N.; Ye, W.] Univ Florida, IFAS, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
[Kanzaki, N.] Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
[Hazir, C.; Hazir, S.] Adnan Menderes Univ, TR-09100 Aydin, Turkey.
[Wcislo, W.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
[Ye, W.] N Carolina Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA.
[Ye, W.; Thomas, W. K.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
RI Kanzaki, Natsumi/A-3864-2012
OI Kanzaki, Natsumi/0000-0001-8752-1674
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 4
PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS
PI MARCELINE
PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA
SN 0022-300X
J9 J NEMATOL
JI J. Nematol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 41
IS 4
BP 331
EP 332
PG 2
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 647BI
UT WOS:000281590300092
ER
PT J
AU Kanzaki, N
Giblin-Davis, RM
Herre, EA
Center, BJ
AF Kanzaki, Natsumi
Giblin-Davis, R. M.
Herre, E. A.
Center, B. J.
TI MORPHOLOGY AND MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY OF TWO PANAMANIAN FIGWASP NEMATODES,
PARASITODIPLOGASTER CITRINEMA AND P-POPENEMA.
SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Kanzaki, Natsumi; Giblin-Davis, R. M.; Center, B. J.] Univ Florida IFAS, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
[Kanzaki, Natsumi] Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Forest Pathol Lab, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058687, Japan.
[Herre, E. A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
RI Kanzaki, Natsumi/A-3864-2012
OI Kanzaki, Natsumi/0000-0001-8752-1674
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS
PI MARCELINE
PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA
SN 0022-300X
J9 J NEMATOL
JI J. Nematol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 41
IS 4
BP 342
EP 343
PG 2
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 647BI
UT WOS:000281590300121
ER
PT J
AU Kienel, U
Bowen, SW
Byrne, R
Park, J
Bohnel, H
Dulski, P
Luhr, JF
Siebert, L
Haug, GH
Negendank, JFW
AF Kienel, Ulrike
Bowen, Sabine Wulf
Byrne, Roger
Park, Jungjae
Boehnel, Harald
Dulski, Peter
Luhr, James F.
Siebert, Lee
Haug, Gerald H.
Negendank, Joerg F. W.
TI First lacustrine varve chronologies from Mexico: impact of droughts,
ENSO and human activity since AD 1840 as recorded in maar sediments from
Valle de Santiago
SO JOURNAL OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Varve chronology; Tephra; Element chemistry; Drought; Human impact; El
Nino; Mexico
ID EL-CHICHON VOLCANO; MICHOACAN GUANAJUATO; LATE PLEISTOCENE;
CLIMATIC-CHANGE; COLIMA VOLCANO; 1982 ERUPTIONS; TROPICAL LAKE; CINDER
CONES; SANTA-MARIA; DE-COLIMA
AB We present varve chronologies for sediments from two maar lakes in the Valle de Santiago region (Central Mexico): Hoya La Alberca (AD 1852-1973) and Hoya Rincn de Parangueo (AD 1839-1943). These are the first varve chronologies for Mexican lakes. The varved sections were anchored with tephras from Colima (1913) and Paricutin (1943/1944) and (210)Pb ages. We compare the sequences using the thickness of seasonal laminae and element counts (Al, Si, S, Cl, K, Ti, Mn, Fe, and Sr) determined by micro X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The formation of the varve sublaminae is attributed to the strongly seasonal climate regime. Limited rainfall and high evaporation rates in winter and spring induce precipitation of carbonates (high Ca, Sr) enriched in (13)C and (18)O, whereas rainfall in summer increases organic and clastic input (plagioclase, quartz) with high counts of lithogenic elements (K, Al, Ti, and Si). Eolian input of Ti occurs also in the dry season. Moving correlations (5-yr windows) of the Ca and Ti counts show similar development in both sequences until the 1930s. Positive correlations indicate mixing of allochthonous Ti and autochthonous Ca, while negative correlations indicate their separation in sublaminae. Negative excursions in the correlations correspond with historic and reconstructed droughts, El Nio events, and positive SST anomalies. Based on our data, droughts (3-7 year duration) were severe and centred around the following years: the early 1850s, 1865, 1880, 1895, 1905, 1915 and the late 1920s with continuation into the 1930s. The latter dry period brought both lake systems into a critical state making them susceptible to further drying. Groundwater overexploitation due to the expansion of irrigation agriculture in the region after 1940 induced the transition from calcite to aragonite precipitation in Alberca and halite infiltration in Rincn. The proxy data indicate a faster response to increased evaporation for Rincn, the lake with the larger maar dimensions, solar radiation receipt and higher conductivity, whereas the smaller, steeper Alberca maar responded rapidly to increased precipitation.
C1 [Kienel, Ulrike; Bowen, Sabine Wulf; Dulski, Peter; Negendank, Joerg F. W.] Geoforschungszentrum Potsdam, Helmholtz Ctr Potsdam, German Res Ctr Geosci, Sect Climate Dynam & Sediments 3 3, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
[Bowen, Sabine Wulf] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Inst Geophys, Austin, TX 78758 USA.
[Byrne, Roger; Park, Jungjae] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Geog, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Boehnel, Harald] Campus UNAM Juriquilla, Ctr Geociencias, Queretaro 76230, Mexico.
[Luhr, James F.; Siebert, Lee] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, NHB 119, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Kienel, Ulrike; Haug, Gerald H.] Univ Potsdam, Leibniz Ctr Earth Surface & Climate Dynam, Inst Geowissensch, D-14476 Golm, Germany.
[Haug, Gerald H.] ETH, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
RP Kienel, U (reprint author), Geoforschungszentrum Potsdam, Helmholtz Ctr Potsdam, German Res Ctr Geosci, Sect Climate Dynam & Sediments 3 3, Telegrafenberg Haus C, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
EM ukienel@gfz-potsdam.de
RI Wulf, Sabine/C-7777-2013
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [HA 2756/8]
FX The study was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft within the
IODP/ODP priority program (HA 2756/8). We thank M. Kohler for the
excellent preparation of thin sections, B. Plessen for stable isotope
analyses, R. Naumann for conducting the RDA analyses, H. Vos for help
with statistical analyses, and Gildardo Gonzalez for assistance in the
field. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments.
NR 98
TC 18
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2728
J9 J PALEOLIMNOL
JI J. Paleolimn.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 42
IS 4
BP 587
EP 609
DI 10.1007/s10933-009-9307-x
PG 23
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Limnology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 518ZS
UT WOS:000271735400009
ER
PT J
AU Wijnker, E
Otson, SL
AF Wijnker, Erik
Otson, Storrs L.
TI A REVISION OF THE FOSSIL GENUS MIOCEPPHUS AND OTHER MIOCENE ALCIDAE
(AVES: CHARADRIIFORMES) OF THE WESTERN NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN
SO JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC PALAEONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alca; Calvert Formation; Choptank Formation; Eastover Formation;
Pseudocepphus; St Mary's Formation; Uria
ID PHYLOGENY; EVOLUTION; PLIOCENE; TERTIARY; PACIFIC
AB This study reviews and describes all known fossils of Alcidae from the Miocene of the western North Atlantic. Because the majority of alcid fossils recovered from Miocene sediments are allied with the genus Miocepphus Wetmore, 1940, the genus is revised here. Three new species of Miocepphus are described: Miocepphus bohaskai and Miocepphus blowi from the Early to Late Miocene, and Miocepphus mergulellus of uncertain Neogene age but probably Miocene. A new genus and species, Pseudocepphus teres, from the Middle and Late Miocene, has uncertain relationships within the Alcinae (a clade comprising Miocepphus, Alle, Uria, Alca and Pinguinus). The genus Alca is also reported from Late Miocene sediments. The newly recognised presence of three genera of the Alcinae in the Miocene of the North Atlantic indicates that the diversity of the subfamily was considerably greater than was evident previously. Miocepphus may be regarded as ancestral to modern Alcinae. The Alcinae as a group was well established in the Early Miocene, indicating that the divergence of the family Alcidae predates 20 Ma. The divergence of Uria and Alca predates 10 Ma.
C1 [Wijnker, Erik] Wageningen Univ, Genet Lab, NL-6700 AH Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Otson, Storrs L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Wijnker, E (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Genet Lab, POB 309, NL-6700 AH Wageningen, Netherlands.
EM erik.wijnker@wur.nl; olsons@si.edu
RI Wijnker, Erik/H-4816-2011
FU Molengraaff fund; A. M. Buytendijk fund
FX For assistance with fossils we are indebted to Mark Florence, Department
of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History (USNM), Smithsonian
Institution, Washington, DC, USA and to Stephen Godfrey, Calvert Marine
Museum (CMM), Solomons, Maryland, USA. Many collectors donated material
that was studied for this paper. Special thanks in this respect are owed
to W. L. Ashby, E. Ashby, D. J. Bohaska and N. L. Riker for numerous
donations. Further thanks go to J. Bell, W. Blow, D. Carver, R.
Childers, W. Counterman, D. Domning, E. Eshelman, R. Eshelman, G.
Fonger, R. Foos, W. F. Foshag, C. Gasbarre, P. Heater, J. M. Hooper, R.
M. A. Ison, J. Kaltenbach, A. C. Myrick Jr, A. Norden, H. Philyaw, L. M.
Schoonover, M. Tynes, R. E. Weems, D. Williams and J. Westgate. For
lending casts of the holotype of Uria brodkorbi we thank D. W. Steadman
and R. Hulbert, Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, Florida,
USA (UF). N. A. Smith kindly supplied photographs of the specimen as
well. For kindly supplying photographs of the holotype of Petralca
austriaca and for reporting the results of her examination of the
specimen with C. Mourer-Chauvire we thank U. Gohlich, Naturhistorisches
Museum Wien, Austria (NMW). This study was made possible by grants
awarded by the Molengraaff fund and the A. M. Buytendijk fund. The
article greatly benefited from help and comments by J. de Vos of the
National Museum of Natural History (Naturalis), Leiden, the Netherlands,
T. Heijerman of the department of Biosystematics of Wageningen
University, the Netherlands and D. Bohaska, Smithsonian Institution,
Washington, DC, USA. For assistance in the collections of the Groningen
Institute for Archaeology, we thank W. Prummel, and likewise we
acknowledge the help of K. Moeliker and H. van de Es of the
Natuurhistorisch Museum Rotterdam.
NR 36
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 4
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 1477-2019
J9 J SYST PALAEONTOL
JI J. Syst. Palaeontol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 7
IS 4
BP 471
EP 487
DI 10.1017/S1477201909990022
PG 17
WC Evolutionary Biology; Paleontology
SC Evolutionary Biology; Paleontology
GA 530BE
UT WOS:000272563100005
ER
PT J
AU Fransozo, V
Castilho, AL
Freire, FAM
Furlan, M
De Almeida, AC
Teixeira, GM
Baeza, JA
AF Fransozo, Vivian
Castilho, Antonio Leao
Morais Freire, Fulvio Aurelio
Furlan, Michele
De Almeida, Ariadine Cristine
Teixeira, Gustavo Monteiro
Antonio Baeza, Juan
TI Spatial and temporal distribution of the shrimp Nematopalaemon schmitti
(Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae) at a subtropical enclosed bay in South
America
SO JOURNAL OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM
LA English
DT Article
DE distribution; abundance; temperature; shrimp; Ubatuba Bay; Brazil
ID XIPHOPENAEUS-KROYERI HELLER; SAO-PAULO; EASTERN BRAZIL; UBATUBA BAY;
ECOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION; SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL; POPULATION BIOLOGY;
PENAEOIDEA; ABUNDANCE; CRUSTACEA
AB The spatio-temporal distribution of the soft bottom dwelling shrimp Nematopalaemon schmitti and the effect of environmental conditions (sediment characteristics, temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen) on its abundance were studied at Ubatuba Bay, south-eastern coast of Brazil. Surveys were conducted monthly from September 1995 to August 1996. Each sampling set comprised eight different transects distributed within the bay. Comparisons of CPUE of shrimp among sampling stations demonstrated that the abundance of N. schmitti was the greatest during winter, when average water temperature within the bay was considerably lower than during the rest of the year. Most shrimps (more than 95%) were collected at a single transect located at the northernmost side of the bay, demonstrating the extremely patchy distribution of this species. A multiple regression analysis using data only from this northernmost transect indicated that temperature was the most relevant factor affecting the abundance of N. schmitti during the year.
C1 [Antonio Baeza, Juan] Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA.
[Fransozo, Vivian; Castilho, Antonio Leao; Morais Freire, Fulvio Aurelio; Furlan, Michele; De Almeida, Ariadine Cristine; Teixeira, Gustavo Monteiro] Univ Estadual Paulista, NEBECC Crustacean Biol Ecol & Culture Study Grp, Dept Zool, Inst Biociencias, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
[Morais Freire, Fulvio Aurelio] Univ Fed Rural Semi Arido, Dept Ciencias Anim, BR-59625900 Mossoro, RN, Brazil.
[Antonio Baeza, Juan] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
[Antonio Baeza, Juan] Univ Catolica Norte, Fac Ciencias Mar, Dept Biol Marina, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile.
RP Baeza, JA (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, 701 Seaway Dr, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA.
EM baezaa@si.edu
RI Freire, Fulvio/C-8370-2012; Almeida, Ariadine/D-8340-2012; Castilho,
Antonio/B-5249-2015; Castilho, Antonio/J-9294-2016; Castilho,
Antonio/O-3823-2016;
OI Freire, Fulvio/0000-0003-1580-0222; Castilho,
Antonio/0000-0003-0001-9054; Castilho, Antonio/0000-0001-8597-8937;
Baeza, Juan Antonio/0000-0002-2573-6773
FU STRI Marine Postdoctoral Fellowship; SMSFP Postdoctoral Fellowship
FX Thanks to FAPESP for providing us with infrastructure during our field
and laboratory work. Many thanks to Drs Christopher Tudge (American
University, Washington) and Janet W. Reid (Virginia Museum of Natural
History, Virginia) for their valuable comments on earlier versions of
this manuscript. We appreciate the invaluable help of the NEBECC crew
during field and laboratory activities. J.A.B. thanks the support from a
STRI Marine Postdoctoral Fellowship and a SMSFP Postdoctoral Fellowship.
Sampling was conducted according to the Sao Paulo State and Brazilian
federal laws. We appreciate the helpful comments by two anonymous
referees. This is contribution number 783 from the Smithsonian Marine
Station at Fort Pierce.
NR 42
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 5
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0025-3154
J9 J MAR BIOL ASSOC UK
JI J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 89
IS 8
BP 1581
EP 1587
DI 10.1017/S0025315409990439
PG 7
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 547QL
UT WOS:000273904100007
ER
PT J
AU Barnes, DKA
Rawlinson, KA
AF Barnes, David K. A.
Rawlinson, Kate A.
TI Traditional coastal invertebrate fisheries in south-western Madagascar
SO JOURNAL OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM
LA English
DT Article
DE Chicoreus ramosus; Fasciolaria trapezium; marine invertebrates;
traditional fishery; Madagascar
ID CORAL-REEFS
AB The identification of key resource users and patterns of depletion alongside ecological data are presented for a small-scale traditional invertebrate fishery in south-western Madagascar. Men, women and children undertake the fishery in the Anakao region at different phases of the tide and for different purposes. invertebrate harvest data from June to September 200 estimated that more than 34 taxa were caught and were dominated by holothurians destined for export and molluscs for local consumption. Crustacea formed a small component of the fishery despite a high diversity and abundance of many potentially edible species. Although there was slight spatial variation in number of species caught and their relative importance to the fishery, Chicoreus ramosus, Fasciolaria trapezium and Octopus vulgaris were generally most heavily targeted and were amongst the most abundant in the catch. There were several indications Of over-exploitation of invertebrate stocks, including the absence of many large bodied species, low abundance of high yield species, greater catch effort needed for high yield taxa, and higher diversity of targeted species (including many taxa) at sites of higher human habitation.
C1 [Rawlinson, Kate A.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA.
[Barnes, David K. A.] British Antarctic Survey, NERC, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
[Barnes, David K. A.; Rawlinson, Kate A.] Frontier, London EC2A 3QP, England.
RP Rawlinson, KA (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn, 701 Seaway Dr, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA.
EM rawlinsonk@si.edu
NR 28
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 8
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0025-3154
J9 J MAR BIOL ASSOC UK
JI J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 89
IS 8
BP 1589
EP 1596
DI 10.1017/S0025315409000113
PG 8
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 547QL
UT WOS:000273904100008
ER
PT J
AU Maloney, KO
Weller, DE
Russell, MJ
Hothorn, T
AF Maloney, Kelly O.
Weller, Donald E.
Russell, Marc J.
Hothorn, Torsten
TI Classifying the biological condition of small streams: an example using
benthic macroinvertebrates
SO JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN BENTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE stream condition; landscape-scale; land use; random forests; conditional
inference; classification and regression trees (CART); ordinal logistic
regression; prediction
ID LAND-COVER; UNITED-STATES; WEIGHTED KAPPA; RANDOM FORESTS;
CLASSIFICATION; URBANIZATION; ECOSYSTEMS; MODELS; INDICATORS; LANDSCAPE
AB The ability to classify the biological condition of unsurveyed streams accurately would be an asset to the conservation and management of streams. We compared the ability of 5 modeling methods (classification and regression trees, conditional inference trees, random forests [RF], conditional random forests [cRF], and ordinal logistic regression) to predict stream biological condition (very poor, poor, fair, or good) based on benthic macroinvertebrate Index of Biotic Integrity data taken from the Maryland Biological Stream Survey. Predictor variables included land use and land cover (e.g., impervious surface, row-crop agriculture, and population density) and landscape measures (annual precipitation and watershed area). We included 1561 sites on small nontidal streams in the Maryland portion of the Chesapeake Bay watershed. We used 1248 sites (80%) as a training data set to build models and 313 sites (20%) as an independent evaluation data set. RF and cRF models most accurately predicted observed integrity scores in the evaluation data set, but we selected the cRF as the best model because of weaknesses in the RF model (e.g., biased variable selection). Percent impervious surface was the most important variable in the cRF model, and the probability that a site was in very poor or poor biological condition increased rapidly as % impervious cover increased up to 20%. When applied to predict stream biological conditions in all 7908 small nontidal stream reaches in the study area, the cRF model predicted that 33.8% were in fair, 29.9% in good, 22.7% in poor, and 13.6% in very poor biological condition. Our analyses can be used to manage and conserve freshwater and estuarine resources of Maryland and the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Model predictions for unsurveyed streams can help target field studies to identify high-quality streams deserving of conservation and impaired streams in need of restoration.
C1 [Maloney, Kelly O.; Weller, Donald E.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
[Russell, Marc J.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA.
[Hothorn, Torsten] Univ Munich, Inst Stat, D-80539 Munich, Germany.
RP Maloney, KO (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd,POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
EM maloneyk@si.edu; wellerd@si.edu; russell.marc@epamail.epa.gov;
torsten.hothorn@stat.uni-muenchen.de
RI Hothorn, Torsten/A-3639-2010
OI Hothorn, Torsten/0000-0001-8301-0471
FU US Environmental Protection Agency National Center for Environmental
Research (NCER) Science to Achieve Results (STAR) [R831369]
FX Funding for our work was provided by the US Environmental Protection
Agency National Center for Environmental Research (NCER) Science to
Achieve Results (STAR) grant #R831369. Kevin Sigwart, Melissa Whitman,
and Katie Sullivan helped with database synthesis and metric
calculations. We thank Kathy Boomer, Lori Davias, Leska Fore, Pamela
Silver, and 2 anonymous referees for comments that greatly improved the
manuscript. We thank Andrew Liaw from Merck Research Laboratories for
help with the RF algorithm, Frank Harrell, Jr. from Vanderbilt
University for assistance with the Design package, and David Koons from
Utah State University for assistance with the OLR analysis. We also
thank the Maryland Department of Natural Resources for providing benthic
macroinvertebrate data sets. The research described in this article has
been funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency, but it has not
been subjected to the Agency's required peer and policy review and,
therefore, does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no
official endorsement should be inferred.
NR 56
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 32
PU NORTH AMER BENTHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 1041 NEW HAMSPHIRE STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0887-3593
J9 J N AM BENTHOL SOC
JI J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 28
IS 4
BP 869
EP 884
DI 10.1899/08-142.1
PG 16
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 547KM
UT WOS:000273886000010
ER
PT J
AU Borkowski, R
Citino, S
Bush, M
Wollenman, P
Irvine, B
AF Borkowski, Rose
Citino, Scott
Bush, Mitch
Wollenman, Paul
Irvine, Brenda
TI SURGICAL CASTRATION OF SUBADULT GIRAFFE (GIRAFFA CAMELOPARDALIS)
SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Anesthesia; behavior modification; castration; Giraffa camelopardalis;
giraffe; population control
ID EQUINE CASTRATION; COMPLICATIONS; RESPONSES
AB Surgical castration of giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) has not been commonly performed. Large domestic animal castration has a significant complication rate that includes postoperative mortality. Documentation of castration techniques and complications in large domestic animals occurs regularly. However, literature describing castration experiences with large zoo mammals is sparse. In addition, a suitable anesthetic regimen for surgical castration of giraffe has not been confirmed. Open castration using an emasculator plus ligation was performed in three subadult giraffe weighing 555-711 kg. Scrotal incisions were left open and healed in about 6 wk. One animal developed scrotal dermatitis. No other complications occurred. As slow scrotal healing call increase the risk of ascending infection. partial or complete scrotal closure for giraffe may warrant consideration. Experiences with these animals also suggest that closed or modified closed castration may be considered for giraffe of this size. Thiafentanil, medetomidine, and ketamine plus local lidocaine provided suitable anesthesia for surgical castration.
C1 [Borkowski, Rose] Jacksonville Univ, Dept Biol & Marine Sci, Jacksonville, FL 33211 USA.
[Borkowski, Rose] Virginia Racing Commiss, New Kent, VA 23124 USA.
[Citino, Scott] Dept Vet Sci, Yulee, FL 32097 USA.
[Bush, Mitch] Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
[Wollenman, Paul] Palm Beach Equine Clin, Wellington, FL 33414 USA.
[Irvine, Brenda] Lion Country Safari, Loxahatchee, FL 33470 USA.
RP Borkowski, R (reprint author), Jacksonville Univ, Dept Biol & Marine Sci, 2800 Univ Blvd N, Jacksonville, FL 33211 USA.
EM rborkow@ju.edu
NR 14
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS
PI YULEE
PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA
SN 1042-7260
J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED
JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 40
IS 4
BP 786
EP 790
DI 10.1638/2008-0112.1
PG 5
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 535AS
UT WOS:000272939500024
PM 20063827
ER
PT J
AU Buatois, LA
Macsotay, O
Quiroz, LI
AF Buatois, Luis A.
Macsotay, Oliver
Quiroz, Luis I.
TI Sinusichnus, a trace fossil from Antarctica and Venezuela: expanding the
dataset of crustacean burrows
SO LETHAIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Trace fossils; crustacean burrows; Sinusichnus; Antarctica; Venezuela
ID EXTINCTION
AB The sinusoidal decapod crustacean burrow Sinusichnus sinuosus is documented from the Upper Cretaceous Hidden Lake Formation of James Ross Island (Antarctica), the Upper Oligocene-Lower Miocene Naricual Formation of the Eastern Venezuela Basin, and the Middle Miocene Socorro Formation of the Falcon Basin of Western Venezuela, significantly expanding its geographical and palaeolatitudinal range. These burrows may have served for bacterial farming in relatively stressful settings characterized by deltaic progradation. Sinusichnus sinuosus seems to display a broad latitudinal range, from low latitude tropical settings (Venezuela) to intermediate latitude temperate areas (Spain and France), and high latitude cold waters (Antarctica). The appearance of S. sinuosus in the Cretaceous reveals the acquisition of more sophisticated feeding strategies by decapod crustaceans, reflecting the dominance of the Modern Evolutionary Fauna.
C1 [Buatois, Luis A.; Quiroz, Luis I.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Geol Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada.
[Quiroz, Luis I.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Paleoecol & Archaeol, Balboa, Panama.
[Macsotay, Oliver] Urbanizac El Trigal Norte, Valencia 2001, Venezuela.
RP Buatois, LA (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Geol Sci, 114 Sci Pl, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada.
EM luis.buatois@usask.ca; macsotayo@gmail.com; luq935@mail.usask.ca
FU Instituto Antartico Argentino; Smithsonian Tropical Research
Institution; NSERC [311726-05, 311726-08]
FX Francisco Medina and Victor Vivas helped during fieldwork in James Ross
Island and Venezuela, respectively. Jordi de Gibert provided valuable
feedback, continuous support and many suggestions on Sinusichnus during
the elaboration of this manuscript, Willi Braun assisted us with the
German literature, and Francisco Rodriguez Tovar and Alfred Uchman
helped to improve the final version of this manuscript. Financial
support for fieldwork in Antarctica and Venezuela was provided by the
Instituto Antartico Argentino and the Smithsonian Tropical Research
Institution, respectively. Additional funds were provided by NSERC
Discovery Grants 311726-05 and 08 to Buatois.
NR 42
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0024-1164
J9 LETHAIA
JI Lethaia
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 42
IS 4
BP 511
EP 518
DI 10.1111/j.1502-3931.2009.00156.x
PG 8
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 517UI
UT WOS:000271643600012
ER
PT J
AU Riley, S
AF Riley, Sheila
TI Pride and Avarice.
SO LIBRARY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Riley, Sheila] Smithsonian Inst Libs, Washington, DC USA.
RP Riley, S (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst Libs, Washington, DC USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA
SN 0363-0277
J9 LIBR J
JI Libr. J.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 134
IS 20
BP 94
EP +
PG 2
WC Information Science & Library Science
SC Information Science & Library Science
GA 530IZ
UT WOS:000272584300017
ER
PT J
AU Kwan, JC
Taori, K
Paul, VJ
Luesch, H
AF Kwan, Jason C.
Taori, Kanchan
Paul, Valerie J.
Luesch, Hendrik
TI Lyngbyastatins 8-10, Elastase Inhibitors with Cyclic Depsipeptide
Scaffolds Isolated from the Marine Cyanobacterium Lyngbya semiplena
SO MARINE DRUGS
LA English
DT Article
DE lyngbyastatins; cyanobacteria; Lyngbya semiplena; cyclic depsipeptides;
elastase inhibitors
ID SERINE-PROTEASE INHIBITORS; MICROCYSTIS-AERUGINOSA; POTENT;
N-GREATER-THAN-3; CONFERVOIDES; CYTOTOXIN; PEPTIDES; SPECTRA; NMR
AB Investigation of an extract from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya semiplena, collected in Tumon Bay, Guam, led to the identification of three new cyclodepsipeptides, lyngbyastatins 8-10 (1-3). The structures of 1-3 were determined by NMR, MS, ESIMS fragmentation and chemical degradation. Compounds 1-3 are closely related to lyngbyastatins 4-7. Like the latter compounds, we found 1-3 to inhibit porcine pancreatic elastase, with IC(50) values of 123 nM, 210 nM and 120 nM, respectively.
C1 [Kwan, Jason C.; Taori, Kanchan; Luesch, Hendrik] Univ Florida, Dept Med Chem, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
[Paul, Valerie J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA.
RP Luesch, H (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Med Chem, 1600 SW Archer Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
EM jkwan@ufl.edu; ktaori@ufl.edu; paul@si.edu; luesch@cop.ufl.edu
RI Kwan, Jason/F-9589-2010
OI Kwan, Jason/0000-0001-9933-1536
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P41GM086210, P41 GM086210]
NR 23
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 18
PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INTERNATIONAL-MDPI
PI BASEL
PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1660-3397
J9 MAR DRUGS
JI Mar. Drugs
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 7
IS 4
BP 528
EP 538
DI 10.3390/md7040528
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Medicinal
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 536KB
UT WOS:000273042200005
PM 20098596
ER
PT J
AU Yuri, T
Jernigan, RW
Brumfield, RT
Bhagabati, NK
Braun, MJ
AF Yuri, Tamaki
Jernigan, Robert W.
Brumfield, Robb T.
Bhagabati, Nirmal K.
Braun, Michael J.
TI The effect of marker choice on estimated levels of introgression across
an avian (Pipridae: Manacus) hybrid zone
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE diagnostic markers; hybrid swarm; microsatellites; neutral markers;
smoothing splines; stepped cline model
ID FIRE-BELLIED TOADS; GENE FLOW; CONTACT ZONE; BOMBINA-BOMBINA;
EVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICS; ADAPTIVE RADIATION; B-VARIEGATA; HYBRIDIZATION;
SELECTION; SPECIATION
AB Hybrid zones are often characterized by narrow, coincident clines for diverse traits, suggesting that little introgression occurs across them. However, this pattern may result from a bias in focussing on traits that are diagnostic of parental populations. Such choice of highly differentiated traits may cause us to overlook differential introgression in nondiagnostic traits and to distort our perception of hybrid zones. We tested this hypothesis in an avian hybrid zone by comparing cline structure in two sets of molecular markers: isozyme and restriction fragment length polymorphism markers chosen for differentiation between parental forms, and microsatellite markers chosen for polymorphism. Two cline-fitting methods showed that cline centre positions of microsatellite alleles were more variable than those of isozyme and restriction fragment length polymorphism markers, and several were significantly shifted from those of the diagnostic markers. Cline widths of microsatellite alleles were also variable and two- to eightfold wider than those of the diagnostic markers. These patterns are consistent with the idea that markers chosen for differentiation are more likely to be under purifying selection, and studies focussed on these markers will underestimate overall introgression across hybrid zones. Our results suggest that neutral and positively selected alleles may introgress freely across many hybrid zones without altering perceived boundaries between hybridizing forms.
C1 [Yuri, Tamaki; Brumfield, Robb T.; Braun, Michael J.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
[Yuri, Tamaki] Univ Oklahoma, Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum Nat Hist, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Jernigan, Robert W.] American Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
[Brumfield, Robb T.] Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Braun, Michael J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol & Behav, Ecol Evolut & Systemat Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
World Wildlife Fund, Conservat Sci Program, Washington, DC 20037 USA.
RP Yuri, T (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
EM tyuri@ou.edu
OI Brumfield, Robb/0000-0003-2307-0688
NR 77
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 2
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0962-1083
J9 MOL ECOL
JI Mol. Ecol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 18
IS 23
BP 4888
EP 4903
DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04381.x
PG 16
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 521EZ
UT WOS:000271904400012
PM 19863717
ER
PT J
AU Streicher, JW
Crawford, AJ
Edwards, CW
AF Streicher, Jeffrey W.
Crawford, Andrew J.
Edwards, Cody W.
TI Multilocus molecular phylogenetic analysis of the montane Craugastor
podiciferus species complex (Anura: Craugastoridae) in Isthmian Central
America
SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Brachycephalidae; Eleutherodactylus; Terrarana; Phylogeography; 12S;
16S; COI; c-myc
ID DNA-SEQUENCES; MOUNTAIN PASSES; VOLCANIC ARC; COSTA-RICAN; FROG;
MITOCHONDRIAL; TREES; ELEUTHERODACTYLUS; DIFFERENTIATION; EVOLUTION
AB The Craugastor podiciferus complex is a group of phenotypically polymorphic direct-developing frogs that inhabit the Talamancan highlands of Costa Rica and Panama. The montane distribution of this group creates natural allopatry among members and offers an excellent opportunity to explore geographic models of speciation. Using a multilocus approach, we obtained data from one nuclear (c-myc) and three mitochondrial (12S, 16S, and COI) gene regions from 40 individuals within the C. podiciferus complex. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed a basal split that placed samples from western Panama as sister to Costa Rican (CR) samples, corroborating a previous suggestion that the former lineage may represent an undescribed species. Within the CR clades we found six distinct haplogroups whose distributions largely corresponded to geographic features and included instances of sympatry. Divergence estimates were used to develop a preliminary evolutionary timeframe for the diversification of the C. podiciferus complex. Based on collective evidence, we hypothesize that movement of the CR haplogroups has occurred between currently isolated areas of suitable habitat via second order climatic fluctuations during the Pleistocene. The levels of genetic differentiation within the C. podiciferus complex are remarkable given the relatively small geographic area (ca. 8000 km(2)) of occurrence. This diversity emphasizes the need for further study and taxonomic revision to aid in conservation planning for this complex which, like many amphibians, has experienced recent population declines. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Streicher, Jeffrey W.] George Mason Univ, Dept Mol & Microbiol, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Edwards, Cody W.] George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Crawford, Andrew J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Streicher, JW (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Biol, Amphibian & Reptile Divers Res Ctr, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
EM streicher@uta.edu
OI Crawford, Andrew J./0000-0003-3153-6898
FU NSF; ANAM [SE/A-66-03]; Smithsonian Postdoctoral Fellowship in Molecular
Evolution
FX CR field collecting conducted by j.W.S. was under MINAE permit
#0098520004 (License #38312). Collecting by AJ.C. in CR was made under
permiso de investigacion N degrees 024-2002-OFAU, among others, and
supported by an NSF International Postdoctoral Fellowship. J.W.S.
sincerely thanks S. Mohammadi and K. Nishida for help with collecting
permits and J. Lewis, D. Blackford, 1. Bajwa, and S. Itoh for field
assistance. AJ.C. thanks F. Bolanos for support and guidance in CR. and
K.R. Lips for help in western Panama. Collecting permits in Panama were
kindly granted by ANAM (permit number SE/A-66-03) and obtained with the
help of O. Arosemena. Panama fieldwork was supported by a Smithsonian
Postdoctoral Fellowship in Molecular Evolution to A.J.C. For access to
tissue samples and specimens, we are grateful to the following persons
(and their institutions): R.W. McDiarmid, A.H. Wynn, and R.V. Wilson
(USNM), E.N. Smith and CJ. Franklin (UTA), and A. Resetar (FMNH). DNA
sequencing was conducted in the GMU biocomplexity laboratory of P.M.
Gillevet under the guidance of M. Sikaroodi. We thank the following
individuals for lab support: K. Bryant, T. Henry, T. Tupper, S. Johnson,
and M. Jarcho. We thank C.H. Ernst and W.R. Heyer for reviewing earlier
versions of the manuscript and the D.C. Cannatella lab group (UT) for
holding a discussion group regarding this project where many beneficial
comments and criticisms were received. We are indebted to J.M. Meik,
G.B. Pauly, and 2 anonymous reviewers for providing comments that
greatly increased the quality and clarity of the manuscript. We thank
J.M. Savage for discussions of his data and observations. Portions of
this study were completed in partial fulfillment of requirements for an
M.S. degree to J.W.S.
NR 75
TC 24
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 13
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1055-7903
J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL
JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 53
IS 3
BP 620
EP 630
DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2009.07.011
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA 531ED
UT WOS:000272644800002
PM 19602442
ER
PT J
AU Braun, MJ
Huddleston, CJ
AF Braun, Michael J.
Huddleston, Christopher J.
TI A molecular phylogenetic survey of caprimulgiform nightbirds illustrates
the utility of non-coding sequences
SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Phylogeny; Evolution; Caprimulgiformes; Aegothelidae; Apodiformes; Bird;
Systematics; Insertions; Deletions; Rare genomic changes; Non-coding
sequences
ID AVIAN ORDER CAPRIMULGIFORMES; HIGHER LAND BIRDS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA;
COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY; NATURAL-HISTORY; OWLET-NIGHTJARS; AVES; GENE;
EVOLUTIONARY; ALIGNMENT
AB The order Caprimulgiformes comprises five bird families adapted to nocturnal activity. The order has been regarded as monophyletic, but recent evidence suggests that swifts and hummingbirds (Apodiformes) belong within it To explore the group's phylogeny, we obtained more than 2000 bp of DNA sequence from the cytochrome b and c-myc genes for 35 taxa, representing all major lineages and outgroups. Non-coding sequences of the c-myc gene were unsaturated, readily alignable and contained numerous informative insertions and deletions (indels), signalling broad utility for higher level phylogenetics. A 12 bp insertion in c-myc links Apodiformes with owlet-nightjars, confirming paraphyly of the traditional Caprimulgiformes. However, even this rare genomic change is homoplasious when all birds are considered. Monophyly of each of the five traditional families was strongly confirmed, but relationships among families were poorly resolved. The tree structure argues against family status for Eurostopodus and Batruchostomus, which should be retained in Caprimulgidae and Podargidae, respectively. The genus Caprimuilus and both subfamilies of Caprimulgidae appear to be polyphyletic. The phylogeny elucidates the evolution of adaptive traits such as nocturnality and hypothermia, but whether nocturnality evolved once or multiple times is an open question. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Braun, Michael J.; Huddleston, Christopher J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
[Braun, Michael J.] Univ Maryland, Behav Ecol Evolut & Systemat Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Braun, MJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
EM braunm@si.edu
FU US National Science Foundation [DEB-0228675]
FX We thank T. Glenn for assistance in the laboratory, R. Brumfield, J.
Harshman, K. Karol, D. Swofford, and J. Wilgenbusch for advice on
phylogenetic analyses, and G. Barrowclough, N. Cleere, J. Cracraft, and
M. Robbins for useful discussion of caprimulgiform systematics. R. Zusi
alerted us to Burton's work on the splenius capitus muscle, and C.
Collins pointed us to the literature on Aegialornithidae. The
institutions and collectors listed in Table I provided tissue samples,
and L. Christidis, J. Dean, D. Dittmann, L. Joseph, R. Kennedy, J.
Norman, M. Robbins, and F. Sheldon facilitated their transfer. This work
was supported in part by the US National Science Foundation Assembling
the Tree of Life Program Grant DEB-0228675.
NR 98
TC 16
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 10
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1055-7903
EI 1095-9513
J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL
JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 53
IS 3
BP 948
EP 960
DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2009.08.025
PG 13
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA 531ED
UT WOS:000272644800029
PM 19720151
ER
PT J
AU Xie, L
Wagner, WL
Ree, RH
Berry, PE
Wen, J
AF Xie, Lei
Wagner, Warren L.
Ree, Richard H.
Berry, Paul E.
Wen, Jun
TI Molecular phylogeny, divergence time estimates, and historical
biogeography of Circaea (Onagraceae) in the Northern Hemisphere
SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Review
DE Northern Hemisphere, biogeography; Molecular dating; Phylogeny; ITS;
petB-petD; rpl16; trnL-F; Onagraceae; Circaea; Fuchsia
ID DISJUNCT SECTION RYTIDOSPERMUM; AMERICAN FLORISTIC DISJUNCTION; LENGTH
DIFFERENCE TEST; EASTERN ASIA; CHLOROPLAST DNA; MAGNOLIA MAGNOLIACEAE;
TRIBAL RELATIONSHIPS; GEOGRAPHIC RANGE; SEQUENCE DATA; EVOLUTION
AB Circaea (Onagraceae) consists of eight species and six subspecies distributed in Eurasia and North America. The sister group of Circaea was recently shown to be Fuchsia, which comprises 107 species primarily distributed in montane Central and South America, including four species occurring in the South Pacific islands. Three plastid markers (petB-petD, rpl16, and trnL-F) and nrITS sequences from 13 of the 14 taxa of Circaea were sequenced and used to reconstruct the phylogenetic and biogeographic history of the genus. Parsimony and Bayesian analyses support that (1) Circaea is monophyletic; (2) the bilocular group is a weakly supported clade nested within the unilocular grade; (3) neither the C. alpina complex nor the C. canadensis complex is monophyletic; and (4) the western North American C. alpina subsp. pacifica diverged first in the genus. Divergence time estimates based on the Bayesian "relaxed" clock methods suggest that the earliest Circaea divergence occurred minimally at 16.17 mya (95% HPD: 7.69-24.53 mya). Biogeographic analyses using divergence-vicariance analysis (DIVA) and a likelihood method support the New World origin of Circaea. Three independent dispersal events between Eurasia and North America via the Bering land bridge were inferred within Circaea. Higher taxon diversity of Circaea in eastern Asia was probably caused by geologic and ecological changes during the late Tertiary in the Northern Hemisphere. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Xie, Lei; Wagner, Warren L.; Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Xie, Lei] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Systemat & Evolutionary Bot, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China.
[Ree, Richard H.] Field Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Chicago, IL 60605 USA.
[Berry, Paul E.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Herbarium, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Wen, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM wenj@si.edu
FU John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; National Natural Science
Foundation of China
FX This study has benefited greatly from the discussions with Peter Raven,
David Boufford, and Peter Hoch. Their enthusiasm and advice are greatly
appreciated by all of us. We thank David Boufford for identifying the
vouchers and revising the manuscript. We are grateful for the helpful
comments of two anonymous reviewers and from Associate Editor Amy Litt.
We thank Peter Raven, L.S. Ehrendorfer, Bruce Baldwin, H. Nagamasu,
Federico Luebert, Akiko Soejima, Ki-Cug Yoo, Ying-Wei Wang, Chen Wang,
and Peng Peng for collecting samples. This study was supported by grants
from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation to J. Wen and
Richard Ree, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China to Jun
Wen and Tingshuang Yi. The lab work was conducted at the Laboratory of
Analytical Biology of the Smithsonian Institution.
NR 114
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 22
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1055-7903
J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL
JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 53
IS 3
BP 995
EP 1009
DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2009.09.009
PG 15
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA 531ED
UT WOS:000272644800033
PM 19751838
ER
PT J
AU Parkin, ER
Pittard, JM
Hoare, MG
Wright, NJ
Drake, JJ
AF Parkin, E. R.
Pittard, J. M.
Hoare, M. G.
Wright, N. J.
Drake, J. J.
TI The interactions of winds from massive young stellar objects: X-ray
emission, dynamics and cavity evolution
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE hydrodynamics; stars: early-type; stars: formation; stars: winds;
outflows; X-rays: stars
ID HIGH ACCRETION RATES; COLLIDING WINDS; BINARY-SYSTEMS; RADIO-EMISSION;
STAR-FORMATION; HYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; PROTOSTELLAR OUTFLOWS; BIPOLAR
OUTFLOWS; MOLECULAR CLOUD; HIGH-RESOLUTION
AB Two-dimensional axis-symmetric hydrodynamical simulations are presented which explore the interaction of stellar and disc winds with surrounding infalling cloud material. The star and its accompanying disc blow winds inside a cavity cleared out by an earlier jet. The collision of the winds with their surroundings generates shock-heated plasma which reaches temperatures up to similar to 108 K. Attenuated X-ray spectra are calculated from solving the equation of radiative transfer along lines of sight. This process is repeated at various epochs throughout the simulations to examine the evolution of the intrinsic and attenuated fluxes. We find that the dynamic nature of the wind-cavity interaction fuels intrinsic variability in the observed emission on time-scales of several hundred years. This is principally due to variations in the position of the reverse shock which is influenced by changes in the shape of the cavity wall. The collision of the winds with the cavity wall can cause clumps of cloud material to be stripped away. Mixing of these clumps into the winds mass-loads the flow and enhances the X-ray emission measure. The position and shape of the reverse shock play a key role in determining the strength and hardness of the X-ray emission. In some models the reverse shock is oblique to much of the stellar and disc outflows, whereas in others it is closely normal over a wide range of polar angles. For reasonable stellar and disc wind parameters, the integrated count rate and spatial extent of the intensity peak for X-ray emission agree with Chandra observations of the deeply embedded massive young stellar objects (MYSOs) S106 IRS 4, Mon R2 IRS 3A and AFGL 2591.
The evolution of the cavity is heavily dependent on the ratio of the inflow to outflow ram pressures. The cavity closes up if the inflow is too strong and rapidly widens if the outflowing winds are too strong. The velocity shear between the respective flows creates Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities which corrugate the surface of the cavity. Rayleigh-Taylor-like instabilities also occur when the cavity wall is pushed forcefully backwards by strong outflows. The opening angle of the cavity plays a significant role and we find that for collimation factors in agreement with those observed for bipolar jets around MYSOs, a reverse shock is established within less than or similar to 500 au of the star.
C1 [Parkin, E. R.; Pittard, J. M.; Hoare, M. G.] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
[Wright, N. J.; Drake, J. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 01238 USA.
RP Parkin, ER (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
EM erp@ast.leeds.ac.uk; jmp@ast.leeds.ac.uk; mgh@ast.leeds.ac.uk;
nwright@cfa.harvard.edu; jdrake@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Pittard, Julian/0000-0003-2244-5070
FU Henry Ellison Scholarship; Royal Society
FX ERP thanks the University of Leeds for funding through a Henry Ellison
Scholarship. JMP gratefully acknowledges funding from the Royal Society.
We thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments which improved the
presentation of this paper.
NR 89
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 20
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 400
IS 2
BP 629
EP 645
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15504.x
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 519RZ
UT WOS:000271786800006
ER
PT J
AU Clark, JL
Skog, LE
AF Clark, John Littner
Skog, Laurence E.
TI Novae Gesneriaceae Neotropicarum XVI: Pearcea pileifolia, a New Species
of Gesneriaceae from South America
SO NOVON
LA English
DT Article
DE Ecuador; Gloxinieae; IUCN Red List; Pearcea; Peru
ID GLOXINIEAE
AB A new species of Gesneriaceae (tribe Gloxinieae) is described from Ecuador and Peru in South America. Pearcea pileifolia J. L. Clark & L. E. Skog is vegetatively distinctive from all other species of Pearcea Regel by its oblong leaf blades with crenate to serrate margins and markedly anisophyllous, opposite leaves with the smaller leaf in a pair reduced to a scalelike appendage. Observations of the bivalved fruit dehiscence and the resulting appearance of winged appendages in P. pileifolia and other congeners are discussed.
C1 [Clark, John Littner] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Clark, John Littner; Skog, Laurence E.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Clark, JL (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Box 870345, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
EM jlc@ua.edu; skogl@si.edu
FU Elvin McDonald Research Endowment Fund of The Gesneriad Society;
National Science Foundation [DEB 0841958]; Explorers Club Washington
Group
FX The authors thank Alain Chautems and Christian Feuillet for helpful
comments on the manuscript. Support for this project for the first
author was provided by the Elvin McDonald Research Endowment Fund of The
Gesneriad Society, the National Science Foundation (DEB 0841958), and
the Explorers Club Washington Group. We are grateful to Cathy Pasquale
for preparing the illustration. We thank Harold Robinson and Roy Gereau
for assisting with the Latin diagnosis and the herbarium QCNE for the
specimens oil loan.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN
PI ST LOUIS
PA 2345 TOWER GROVE AVENUE, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 USA
SN 1055-3177
J9 NOVON
JI Novon
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 4
BP 439
EP 443
DI 10.3417/2008004
PG 5
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 532GX
UT WOS:000272735500005
ER
PT J
AU Roque, N
Conceicao, AA
Robinson, H
AF Roque, Nadia
Conceicao, Abel A.
Robinson, Harold
TI A New Species of Catolesia (Asteraceae, Eupatorieae) from Bahia, Brazil
SO NOVON
LA English
DT Article
DE Brazil; Catolesia; Compositae; Gyptidinae; IUCN Red List
AB Catolesia D. J. N. Hind is an endemic, previously monotypic genus (Asteraceae, Eupatorieae) from the campos rupestres of Bahia, Brazil. A second species for the genus, C. huperzioides Roque, H. Robinson & A. A. Conceicao, is recognized and described here. It is distinguished from C. mentiens D. J. N. Hind principally by the well-organized terminal synflorescence composed of (7)8 to 12 capitula, of which one is central and larger, its shorter leaves (4-5 mm vs. 7-19 mm in C mentiens), its white corolla (vs. pink), and the pappus (a brief crown to 0.1 mm vs. mostly absent). Catolesia huperzioides is known only from the municipality of Mucuge and is probably endemic to the Chapada Diamantina Region of Bahia, Brazil.
C1 [Roque, Nadia] Univ Fed Bahia, Dept Bot, Herbario ALCB, BR-40171970 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
[Conceicao, Abel A.] Univ Estadual Feira de Santana, Dept Ciencias Biol, Herbario HUEFS, BR-44031460 Feira De Santana, BA, Brazil.
[Robinson, Harold] Smithsonian Inst, US Natl Herbarium, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Roque, N (reprint author), Univ Fed Bahia, Dept Bot, Herbario ALCB, Av Ademar Barros S-N, BR-40171970 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
EM nroque@ufba.br
RI Roque, Nadia/I-3157-2012; Conceicao, Abel/A-7544-2012
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN
PI ST LOUIS
PA 2345 TOWER GROVE AVENUE, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 USA
SN 1055-3177
J9 NOVON
JI Novon
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 4
BP 507
EP 510
DI 10.3417/2008036
PG 4
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 532GX
UT WOS:000272735500019
ER
PT J
AU Micklich, NR
Tyler, JC
Johnson, GD
Swidnicka, E
Bannikov, AF
AF Micklich, Norbert Richard
Tyler, James C.
Johnson, G. David
Swidnicka, Ewa
Bannikov, Alexandre F.
TI First fossil records of the tholichthys larval stage of butterfly fishes
(Perciformes, Chaetodontidae), from the Oligocene of Europe
SO PALAEONTOLOGISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT
LA English
DT Article
DE Morphology, paleoecology; Tholichthys, Chaetodontidae; Lower Oligocene;
Frauenweiler, S Germany; Przemysl, SE Poland
ID MANGROVE HABITATS; GERMANY; MORPHOLOGY; BIOLOGY
AB The first fossils of the tholichthys larval stage of a chaetodontid from the lower Oligocene (Rupelian, Fish Shales; about 30.1 MYA) of Frauenweiler (Baden-Wurttemberg, S Germany) are described, along with two less well-preserved probable tholichthys from the lower Oligocene Menilite-Formation (IPM3, 30-29 MYA and IPM4A, 29-28 MYA) of PrzemyA > l (Outer Carpathians, SE Poland). The fossils are compared with tholichthys larvae of the extant genus of Chaetodontidae to which they are most similar, namely Chaetodon. The German specimens are identified as tholichthys larvae by the plate-like expansions of the supracleithrum and posttemporal that extend posteriorly well behind the head and by an expanded preopercle with a large posterior spine; these bones, and the frontals and supraoccipital, are distinctively rugose. The Polish specimen from IPM3 has similar features so it is safe to assume that it also is a chaetodontid tholichthys, whereas the specimen from IPM4A is so poorly preserved that it can only very tentatively be referred to the Chaetodontidae. The occurrence of tholichthys larvae prompts reconsideration of the paleoenvironmental situation at their respective fossil sites.
C1 [Micklich, Norbert Richard] Hess Landesmuseum Darmstadt, Nat Hist Dept, D-64283 Darmstadt, Germany.
[Tyler, James C.; Johnson, G. David] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Swidnicka, Ewa] Univ Wroclaw, Inst Zool, Dept Palaeozool, PL-50335 Wroclaw, Poland.
[Bannikov, Alexandre F.] Russian Acad Sci, Borisyak Paleontol Inst, Moscow 117997, Russia.
RP Micklich, NR (reprint author), Hess Landesmuseum Darmstadt, Nat Hist Dept, Friedenspl 1, D-64283 Darmstadt, Germany.
EM micklich@hlmd.de; tylerj@si.edu; johnsond@si.edu; gama@biol.uni.wroc.pl;
aban@paleo.ru
RI Bannikov, Alexander/P-9902-2015
NR 46
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 11
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 0031-0220
J9 PALAEONTOL Z
JI Palaontol. Z.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 83
IS 4
BP 479
EP 497
DI 10.1007/s12542-009-0031-7
PG 19
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 521QV
UT WOS:000271938800005
ER
PT J
AU Smith, JT
Jackson, JBC
AF Smith, J. Travis
Jackson, Jeremy B. C.
TI Ecology of extreme faunal turnover of tropical American scallops
SO PALEOBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BOCAS-DEL-TORO; SILICICLASTIC-CARBONATE SETTINGS; NEOGENE CORBULIDAE
BIVALVIA; PANAMA LAND-BRIDGE; CONFIDENCE-INTERVALS; WESTERN ATLANTIC;
MASS EXTINCTION; FUNCTIONAL-MORPHOLOGY; THALASSIA COMMUNITIES;
NORTHWESTERN ECUADOR
AB The marine faunas of tropical America underwent Substantial evolutionary turnover in the past 3 to 4 million years in response to changing environmental conditions associated with the rise of the Isthmus of Panama, but the ecological signature of changes within major clades is still poorly understood. Here we analyze the paleoecology of faunal turnover within the family Pectinidae (scallops) over the past 12 Myr. The fossil record for the Southwest Caribbean (SWC) is remarkably complete over this interval. Diversity increased from a low of 12 species ca. 10-9 Ma to a maximum of 38 species between 4 and3 Ma and then declined to 22 species today. In contrast, there are large gaps in the record from the tropical eastern Pacific (TEP) and diversity remained low throughout the past 10 Myr. Both origination and extinction rates in the SWC peaked between 4 and 3 Ma, and remained high until 2-1 Ma, resulting in a 95%, species level turnover between 3.5 and 2 Ma. The TEP record was too incomplete for meaningful estimates of origination and extinction rates. All living species within the SWC originated within the last 4 Myr, as evidenced by a Sudden jump in Lyellian percentages per faunule from nearly zero up to 100% during this same interval. However, faunules with Lyellian percentages near zero Occurred until 1.8 Ma, so that geographic distributions were extraordinarily heterogeneous Until final extinction occurred. There were also striking differences in comparative diversity and abundance among major ecological groups of scallops. Free-swimming scallops constituted the most diverse guild throughout most of the last 10 Myr in the SWC, and were always moderately to very abundant. Leptopecten and Argopecten were also highly diverse throughout the late Miocene and early Pliocene, but declined to very few species thereafter. In contrast, byssally attaching scallops gradually increased in both diversity and abundance since their first appearance in our samples from 8-9 Ma and are the most diverse group today. Evolutionary turnover of scallops in the SWC was correlated with strong ecological reorganization of benthic communities that occurred in response to declining productivity and increased development of corals reefs.
C1 [Smith, J. Travis; Jackson, Jeremy B. C.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Jackson, Jeremy B. C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Paleoecol & Archeol, Balboa, Panama.
RP Smith, JT (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM tsmith@dudek.com
FU National Science Foundation [EAR99-09485, EAR0345471]; Smithsonian
Tropical Research Institute; Scripps Institute of Oceanography's
FX This work would not have been possible without the help of A. Coates, A.
O'Dea, K. Johnson, E Rodriguez, the crew of the R/V Urraca, arid the
many other people who helped collect and process samples. This work was
financially supported by National Science Foundation Grants EAR99-09485
and EAR0345471, the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, and the
Scripps Institute of Oceanography's William E. and Mary B. Ritter Chair.
We thank the government of the Republic of Panama for the permits
allowing such a largescale sampling program. S. Stanley, K. Roy, R.
Norris, L. Levin, P. Hastings, and an anonymous reviewer all provided
valuable feedback on earlier versions of the manuscript.
NR 84
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 5
PU PALEONTOLOGICAL SOC INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0094-8373
J9 PALEOBIOLOGY
JI Paleobiology
PD WIN
PY 2009
VL 35
IS 1
BP 77
EP 93
PG 17
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Paleontology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology; Paleontology
GA 412VA
UT WOS:000263751100006
ER
PT J
AU Wallquist, M
Hammerer, K
Rabl, P
Lukin, M
Zoller, P
AF Wallquist, M.
Hammerer, K.
Rabl, P.
Lukin, M.
Zoller, P.
TI Hybrid quantum devices and quantum engineering
SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 141st Nobel Symposium on Qubits for Future Quantum Information
CY MAY 25-28, 2009
CL Gothenburg, SWEDEN
SP Nobel Fdn, Nobel Symp Comm
ID TRAPPED IONS; ONE-ATOM; MICROMECHANICAL RESONATOR; SUPERCONDUCTING
QUBITS; RADIATION-PRESSURE; OPTICAL LATTICE; ELECTRON-SPIN; BACK-ACTION;
CAVITY; PHOTON
AB We discuss prospects of building hybrid quantum devices involving elements of atomic and molecular physics, quantum optics and solid-state elements with the attempt to combine advantages of the respective systems in compatible experimental setups. In particular, we summarize our recent work on quantum hybrid devices and briefly discuss recent ideas for quantum networks. These include interfacing of molecular quantum memory with circuit QED, and using nanomechanical elements strongly coupled to qubits represented by electronic spins, as well as single atoms or atomic ensembles.
C1 [Wallquist, M.; Hammerer, K.; Zoller, P.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Wallquist, M.; Hammerer, K.; Zoller, P.] Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Quantum Opt & Quantum Informat, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Rabl, P.; Lukin, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Rabl, P.; Lukin, M.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Wallquist, M (reprint author), Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, Tech Str 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
EM margareta.wallquist@uibk.ac.at
RI Wallquist, Margareta/F-7966-2010; Rabl, Peter/F-2810-2012; Zoller,
Peter/O-1639-2014; Hammerer, Klemens/C-3538-2008
OI Rabl, Peter/0000-0002-2560-8835; Zoller, Peter/0000-0003-4014-1505;
Hammerer, Klemens/0000-0002-7179-0666
NR 79
TC 123
Z9 125
U1 2
U2 20
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0031-8949
J9 PHYS SCRIPTA
JI Phys. Scr.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL T137
AR 014001
DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2009/T137/014001
PG 7
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 533OU
UT WOS:000272834700002
ER
PT J
AU Rabl, P
Genes, C
Hammerer, K
Aspelmeyer, M
AF Rabl, P.
Genes, C.
Hammerer, K.
Aspelmeyer, M.
TI Phase-noise induced limitations on cooling and coherent evolution in
optomechanical systems
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID RESOLVED-SIDE-BAND; RADIATION-PRESSURE; MICROMECHANICAL OSCILLATOR;
CAVITY; RESONATOR; MICROMIRROR
AB We present a detailed theoretical discussion of the effects of ubiquitous laser noise on cooling and the coherent dynamics in optomechanical systems. Phase fluctuations of the driving laser induce modulations of the linearized optomechanical coupling as well as a fluctuating force on the mirror due to variations of the mean cavity intensity. We first evaluate the influence of both effects on cavity cooling and find that for a small laser linewidth, the dominant heating mechanism arises from intensity fluctuations. The resulting limit on the final occupation number scales linearly with the cavity intensity both under weak- and strong-coupling conditions. For the strong-coupling regime, we also determine the effect of phase noise on the coherent transfer of single excitations between the cavity and the mechanical resonator and obtain a similar conclusion. Our results show that conditions for optical ground-state cooling and coherent operations are experimentally feasible and thus laser phase noise does pose a challenge but not a stringent limitation for optomechanical systems.
C1 [Rabl, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Genes, C.; Hammerer, K.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Genes, C.; Hammerer, K.] Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Quantum Opt & Quantum Informat, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Aspelmeyer, M.] Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Quantum Opt & Quantum Informat, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
[Aspelmeyer, M.] Univ Vienna, Fac Phys, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
RP Rabl, P (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Rabl, Peter/F-2810-2012; genes, claudiu/A-5043-2017; Aspelmeyer,
Markus/C-4098-2017; Hammerer, Klemens/C-3538-2008
OI Rabl, Peter/0000-0002-2560-8835; Aspelmeyer, Markus/0000-0003-4499-7335;
Hammerer, Klemens/0000-0002-7179-0666
NR 28
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 80
IS 6
AR 063819
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.80.063819
PG 10
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 539DN
UT WOS:000273233800170
ER
PT J
AU Cholis, I
Dobler, G
Finkbeiner, DP
Goodenough, L
Weiner, N
AF Cholis, Ilias
Dobler, Gregory
Finkbeiner, Douglas P.
Goodenough, Lisa
Weiner, Neal
TI Case for a 700+GeV WIMP: Cosmic ray spectra from PAMELA, Fermi, and ATIC
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID DARK-MATTER; POSITRON FRACTION; EMISSION; ELECTRONS; ENERGIES; PHOTONS;
PULSARS; ORIGIN; EGRET
AB Multiple lines of evidence indicate an anomalous injection of high-energy e(+)e(-) in the galactic halo. The recent e(+) fraction spectrum from the payload for antimatter matter exploration and light-nuclei astrophysics (PAMELA) shows a sharp rise up to 100 GeV. The Fermi gamma-ray space telescope has found a significant hardening of the e(+)e(-) cosmic-ray spectrum above 100 GeV, with a break, confirmed by HESS at around 1 TeV. The advanced thin ionization calorimeter (ATIC) has also detected a similar excess, falling back to the expected spectrum at 1 TeV and above. Excess microwaves towards the galactic center in the WMAP data are consistent with hard synchrotron radiation from a population of 10-100 GeV e(+)e(-) (the WMAP "Haze"). We argue that dark matter annihilations can provide a consistent explanation of all of these data, focusing on dominantly leptonic modes, either directly or through a new light boson. Normalizing the signal to the highest energy evidence (Fermi and HESS), we find that similar cross sections provide good fits to PAMELA and the Haze, and that both the required cross section and annihilation modes are achievable in models with Sommerfeld-enhanced annihilation. These models naturally predict significant production of gamma rays in the galactic center via a variety of mechanisms. Most notably, there is a robust inverse-Compton scattered (ICS) gamma-ray signal arising from the energetic electrons and positrons, detectable at Fermi/GLAST energies, which should provide smoking gun evidence for this production.
C1 [Cholis, Ilias; Goodenough, Lisa; Weiner, Neal] NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA.
[Dobler, Gregory; Finkbeiner, Douglas P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Cholis, I (reprint author), NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, 4 Washington Pl, New York, NY 10003 USA.
OI Cholis, Ilias/0000-0002-3805-6478
NR 72
TC 98
Z9 98
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1550-7998
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 80
IS 12
AR 123518
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.123518
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 539DI
UT WOS:000273233300049
ER
PT J
AU Finkbeiner, DP
Lin, TY
Weiner, N
AF Finkbeiner, Douglas P.
Lin, Tongyan
Weiner, Neal
TI Inelastic dark matter and DAMA/LIBRA: An experimentum crucis
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID DETECTORS; PARTICLES; SIGNATURE; SEARCH; LIMITS
AB The DAMA/LIBRA Collaboration has detected an annual modulation of the recoil rate in NaI crystals with the phase expected for weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) scattering events. This signal is dramatically inconsistent with upper limits from other experiments for elastically scattering weak-scale WIMPs. However, the results are compatible for the case of inelastic dark matter (iDM). The iDM theory, as implemented by Tucker-Smith and Weiner, constrains the WIMP to a tight contour in sigma(n)-delta space, where delta is the mass difference between the ground state and excited WIMPs. An urgent priority in direct detection is to test this scenario. The crucial test of the iDM explanation of DAMA-an experimentum crucis-is an experiment with directional sensitivity, which can measure the daily modulation in direction. Because the contrast can be 100%, it is a sharper test than the much smaller annual modulation in the rate. We estimate the significance of such an experiment as a function of the WIMP mass, cross section, background rate, and other parameters. The proposed experiment severely constrains the DAMA/iDM scenario even with modest exposure (similar to 1000 kg center dot day) on gaseous xenon.
C1 [Finkbeiner, Douglas P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Lin, Tongyan] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Weiner, Neal] New York Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10033 USA.
RP Finkbeiner, DP (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
FU NASA LTSA [NAG5-12972]; U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231];
NSF CAREER [PHY-0449818]; DOE OJI [DE-FG02-06E R41417]
FX We acknowledge helpful discussions about directional detection with
Peter Fisher, Jocelyn Monroe, and Gabriella Sciolla. Rick Gaitskell, Dan
McKinsey, and Peter Sorensen provided helpful advice and much-needed
skepticism. D. P. F. is partially supported by NASA LTSA Grant No.
NAG5-12972. This work was partially supported by the Director, Office of
Science, of the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231. N. W. is supported by NSF CAREER Grant No.
PHY-0449818 and DOE OJI Grant No. DE-FG02-06E R41417.
NR 63
TC 35
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1550-7998
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 80
IS 11
AR 115008
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.115008
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 539DF
UT WOS:000273233000078
ER
PT J
AU Tobar, ME
Ivanov, EN
Stanwix, PL
le Floch, JMG
Hartnett, JG
AF Tobar, Michael E.
Ivanov, Eugene N.
Stanwix, Paul L.
le Floch, Jean-Michel G.
Hartnett, John G.
TI Rotating odd-parity Lorentz invariance test in elecrodynamics
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID NOISE MEASUREMENTS; ELECTRODYNAMICS; VIOLATION
AB We report the first operation of a rotating odd-parity Lorentz invariance test in electrodynamics using a microwave Mach-Zehnder interferometer with permeable material in one arm. The experiment sets a direct bound to kappa(tr) of -0.3 +/- 3x10(-7). Using new power recycled waveguide interferometer techniques (with the highest spectral resolution ever achieved of 2x10(-11) rad/Hz) we show an improvement of several orders of magnitude is attainable in the future.
C1 [Tobar, Michael E.; Ivanov, Eugene N.; le Floch, Jean-Michel G.; Hartnett, John G.] Univ Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
[Stanwix, Paul L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA.
RP Tobar, ME (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
RI Stanwix, Paul/A-5280-2009; Le Floch, Jean-Michel/F-4423-2010; Hartnett,
John/F-7037-2010; Tobar, Michael/C-9763-2009
OI Stanwix, Paul/0000-0002-7069-8569; Le Floch,
Jean-Michel/0000-0003-1537-5561; Tobar, Michael/0000-0002-3139-1994
FU Australian Research Council
FX The authors thank P. Wolf, A. Fowler, and M. Miao for their assistance.
This work was funded by the Australian Research Council.
NR 35
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1550-7998
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 80
IS 12
AR 125024
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.125024
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 539DI
UT WOS:000273233300144
ER
PT J
AU Pohl, T
Sadeghpour, HR
Schmelcher, P
AF Pohl, T.
Sadeghpour, H. R.
Schmelcher, P.
TI Cold and ultracold Rydberg atoms in strong magnetic fields
SO PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Review
DE Cold and ultracold atoms; Strong magnetic fields; Rydberg atoms and
gases; Rydberg formation; Ultracold and magnetized plasmas; Giant dipole
states; Trapping and cooling; Exotic atoms; Antimatter systems;
Antihydrogen production; Collisional recombination
ID LOW-ENERGY ANTIHYDROGEN; OF-MASS CORRECTIONS; LONG-LIVED STATES;
HYDROGEN-ATOM; APPROXIMATE CONSTANT; ELECTRON-CAPTURE; NEUTRAL PLASMA;
GROUND-STATE; PROPAGATING WAVEPACKETS; QUANTUM DYNAMICS
AB Cold Rydberg atoms exposed to strong magnetic fields possess unique properties which open the pathway for an intriguing many-body dynamics taking place in Rydberg gases, consisting of either matter or anti-matter systems. We review both the foundations and recent developments of the field in the cold and ultracold regime where trapping and cooling of Rydberg atoms have become possible. Exotic states of moving Rydberg atoms, such as giant dipole states, are discussed in detail, including their formation mechanisms in a strongly magnetized cold plasma. Inhomogeneous field configurations influence the electronic structure of Rydberg atoms, and we describe the utility of corresponding effects for achieving tightly trapped ultracold Rydberg atoms. We review recent work on large, extended cold Rydberg gases in magnetic fields and their formation in strongly magnetized ultracold plasmas through collisional recombination. Implications of these results for current antihydrogen production experiments are pointed out, and techniques for the trapping and cooling of such atoms are investigated. (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Schmelcher, P.] Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys Chem, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Pohl, T.] Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, D-01187 Dresden, Germany.
[Pohl, T.; Sadeghpour, H. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Schmelcher, P.] Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
RP Schmelcher, P (reprint author), Univ Heidelberg, Inst Phys Chem, Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
EM Peter.Schmelcher@pci.uni-heidelberg.de
RI Pohl, Thomas/B-5133-2013; Schmelcher, Peter/D-9592-2014
OI Schmelcher, Peter/0000-0002-2637-0937
FU NSF; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [GSC 129/1, SCHM 885/10]
FX The work of TP and HRS was partly supported by NSF through a grant to
the Institute for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
(ITAMP). PS acknowledges support from the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft in the framework of the Excellence Initiative
through the Heidelberg Graduate School of Fundamental Physics (GSC
129/1) and through the grant SCHM 885/10. PS acknowledges fruitful
collaborations with L.S. Cederbaum, I. Lesanovsky, J. Shertzer and J.
Ackermann. TP and HRS are grateful to G. Gabrielse and Y. Yamazaki for
fruitful collaborations.
NR 228
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-1573
J9 PHYS REP
JI Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 484
IS 6
BP 181
EP 229
DI 10.1016/j.physrep.2009.10.001
PG 49
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 532GK
UT WOS:000272734200001
ER
PT J
AU Matthew, S
Paul, VJ
Luesch, H
AF Matthew, Susan
Paul, Valerie J.
Luesch, Hendrik
TI Tiglicamides A-C, cyclodepsipeptides from the marine cyanobacterium
Lyngbya confervoides
SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Marine cyanobacteria; Lyngbya confervoides; Cyclodepsipeptides;
Nonribosomal peptide synthesis; Elastase inhibitors
ID INHIBITORY-ACTIVITY; CYCLIC-PEPTIDES; ELASTASE; FLORIDA; ANALOG; REEFS
AB The Floridian marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya confervoides afforded cyclodepsipeptides, termed tiglicamides A-C (1-3), along with their previously reported analogues largamides A-C (4-6), all of which possess an unusual tiglic acid moiety. Their structures were deduced by one- and two-dimensional NMR combined with mass spectrometry and the absolute configurations established by chiral HPLC and Marfey's analysis of the degradation products. Compounds 1-3 moderately inhibited porcine pancreatic elastase in vitro with IC(50) values from 2.14 to 7.28 mu M. Compounds 1-6 differ from each other by one amino acid residue within the cyclic core structure, suggesting an unusually relaxed substrate specificity of the nonribosomal peptide synthetase that is the putative biosynthetic enzyme responsible for the corresponding amino acid incorporation. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Matthew, Susan; Luesch, Hendrik] Univ Florida, Dept Med Chem, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
[Paul, Valerie J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA.
RP Luesch, H (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Med Chem, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
EM luesch@cop.ufl.edu
RI Matthew, Susan/E-3817-2012
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P41 GM086210, P41 GM086210-01, P41GM086210, P41
GM086210-01S1]
NR 17
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0031-9422
J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY
JI Phytochemistry
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 70
IS 17-18
BP 2058
EP 2063
DI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.09.010
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences
GA 537FT
UT WOS:000273099300018
PM 19815244
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, GP
Renzaglia, KS
AF Johnson, Gabriel P.
Renzaglia, Karen S.
TI Evaluating the diversity of pteridophyte embryology in the light of
recent phylogenetic analyses leads to new inferences on character
evolution
SO PLANT SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Review
DE Embryo; Pteridophyte; Evolution; Fern; Lycophyte; Placenta; Suspensor;
Transfer cell; Development
ID GAMETOPHYTE-SPOROPHYTE JUNCTION; LAND PLANTS; TRANSFER CELLS; WALL
INGROWTHS; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; RBCL SEQUENCES; DNA-SEQUENCES; FERNS;
MORPHOLOGY; ULTRASTRUCTURE
AB This is the first review of the developmental morphology of pteridophyte embryos since molecular phylogenies revolutionized concepts of tracheophyte evolution. In the light of these novel relationships, embryo characters are evaluated across pteridophytes to hypothesize homology and infer character transformations. Salient features of traditional categories used to classify pteridophyte embryos, for example endoscopy and exoscopy, are analyzed and related to gametophyte habit. Suspensor formation evolved in several lineages and is reinterpreted as representing a distinct developmental stage of the foot which is the only embryonic organ that is homologous across all land plants. Endoscopy in lycophytes is distinct from that of monilophytes, because lycophyte embryos undergo reorientation, lack interdigitating placental cells, and contain an interplacental space which may be related to their lack of a basal pad cell during archegonial development. Pteridophyte embryology may provide clues to tracheophytes evolution and novel developmental mechanisms.
C1 [Johnson, Gabriel P.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
[Renzaglia, Karen S.] So Illinois Univ, Green Plant Morphol Grp, Dept Plant Biol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
RP Johnson, GP (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, MSC A1014 ,4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
EM johnsong@si.edu
FU Renzaglia laboratory; National Science Foundation [DEB-0322664,
DEB-0423625, DEB-052177, DEB-0228679]
FX The authors would like to thank Regina D. Kettering and Pamela Robbins
for translating the German texts, Dr Jeffrey Duckett for his helpful
comments, and the Renzaglia laboratory for their support. Funding for
this work was provided by grants (DEB-0322664, DEB-0423625, DEB-052177,
and DEB-0228679) through the National Science Foundation as part of the
Assembling the Tree of Life Project.
NR 110
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 10
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0378-2697
J9 PLANT SYST EVOL
JI Plant Syst. Evol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 283
IS 3-4
BP 149
EP 164
DI 10.1007/s00606-009-0222-4
PG 16
WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology
GA 519AD
UT WOS:000271736500002
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, ZW
Kim, DW
Wang, JH
Lehner, MJ
Chen, WP
Byun, YI
Alcock, C
Axelrod, T
Bianco, FB
Coehlo, NK
Cook, KH
Dave, R
de Pater, I
Giammarco, J
King, SK
Lee, T
Lin, HC
Marshall, SL
Porrata, R
Protopapas, P
Rice, JA
Schwamb, ME
Wang, SY
Wen, CY
AF Zhang, Z. -W.
Kim, D. -W.
Wang, J. -H.
Lehner, M. J.
Chen, W. P.
Byun, Y. -I.
Alcock, C.
Axelrod, T.
Bianco, F. B.
Coehlo, N. K.
Cook, K. H.
Dave, R.
de Pater, I.
Giammarco, J.
King, S. -K.
Lee, T.
Lin, H. -C.
Marshall, S. L.
Porrata, R.
Protopapas, P.
Rice, J. A.
Schwamb, M. E.
Wang, S. -Y.
Wen, C. -Y.
TI The TAOS Project: High-Speed Crowded Field Aperture Photometry
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC
LA English
DT Article
ID AMERICAN OCCULTATION SURVEY; BODIES
AB We have devised an aperture photometry pipeline for data reduction of image data from the Taiwanese-American Occultation Survey (TAOS). The photometry pipeline has high computational performance, and is capable of real-time photometric reduction of images containing up to 1000 stars, within the sampling rate of 5 Hz. The pipeline is optimized for both speed and signal-to-noise performance, and in the latter category it performs nearly as well as DAOPHOT. This paper provides a detailed description of the TAOS aperture photometry pipeline.
C1 [Zhang, Z. -W.; Chen, W. P.; Lin, H. -C.] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Astron, Jhongli 320, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
[Kim, D. -W.; Byun, Y. -I.] Yonsei Univ, Dept Astron, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
[Wang, J. -H.; Lehner, M. J.; King, S. -K.; Lee, T.; Wang, S. -Y.; Wen, C. -Y.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
[Lehner, M. J.; Bianco, F. B.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Lehner, M. J.; Alcock, C.; Bianco, F. B.; Protopapas, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Axelrod, T.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Coehlo, N. K.; Rice, J. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Cook, K. H.; Marshall, S. L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Dave, R.; Protopapas, P.] Harvard Univ, Initiat Innovat Comp, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[de Pater, I.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Giammarco, J.] Eastern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, St Davids, PA 19087 USA.
[Marshall, S. L.] Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Porrata, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94270 USA.
[Schwamb, M. E.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Zhang, ZW (reprint author), Natl Cent Univ, Inst Astron, 300 Jhongda Rd, Jhongli 320, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
EM zwzhang@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw
RI Lee, Typhoon/N-8347-2013
FU National Central University [NSC 96-2112-M-008-024-MY3]; National
Research Foundation of Korea [2009-0075376]; National Science Foundation
[AST-0501681]; NASA [NNG04G113G]; U.S. Department of Energy
[W-7405-Eng-48]; Stanford Linear Accelerator Center [DE-AC02-76SF00515];
U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[W-7405-Eng-48, DE-AC52- 07NA27344]; [AS-88-TP-A02]
FX The work at National Central University was supported by grant NSC
96-2112-M-008-024-MY3. Y. I. B. acknowledges the support of National
Research Foundation of Korea through grant 2009-0075376. Work at
Academia Sinica was supported in part by the thematic research program
AS-88-TP-A02. Work at the Harvard College Observatory was supported in
part by the National Science Foundation under grant AST-0501681 and by
NASA under grant NNG04G113G. S. L. M.'s work was performed under the
auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory in part under contract W-7405-Eng-48 and by Stanford Linear
Accelerator Center under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. K. H. C.'s work was
performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in part under contract
W-7405-Eng-48 and in part under contract DE-AC52- 07NA27344.
NR 13
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6280
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 121
IS 886
BP 1429
EP 1439
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 527YM
UT WOS:000272407200014
ER
PT J
AU West-Eberhard, MJ
AF Jane West-Eberhard, Mary
TI Darwinism in the twenty-first century
SO RENDICONTI LINCEI-SCIENZE FISICHE E NATURALI
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference of the Accademia-Nazionale-dei-Lincei
CY FEB 11-12, 2009
CL Rome, ITALY
SP Accad Nazl Lincei
DE Genetics; Gene expression; Adaptive evolution; Genetic accommodation;
Novel traits; Environmental change
AB Darwin (1859) formulated a comprehensive explanation of evolution by natural selection, including a molecular theory of inheritance and the realization that novel adaptive traits could originate by environmental induction. While the twentieth century was the age of the gene in evolutionary biology, the twenty-first century promises to be the age of the environment: developmental genetics, alongside Mendelian transmission genetics, and a growing appreciation of environmental effects on organisms, represents a return to Darwin's original view of how adaptive evolution works.
C1 Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, San Jose, Costa Rica.
RP West-Eberhard, MJ (reprint author), Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ciudad Univ Rodrigo Facio, San Jose, Costa Rica.
EM mjwe@sent.com
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1120-6349
J9 REND LINCEI-SCI FIS
JI Rend. Lincei.-Sci. Fis. Nat.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 20
IS 4
BP 297
EP 299
DI 10.1007/s12210-009-0067-3
PG 3
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 524YM
UT WOS:000272180300006
ER
PT J
AU Torres-Carvajal, O
AF Torres-Carvajal, Omar
TI Phylogenetic systematics of lizards of the genus Stenocercus (Squamata:
Iguania) from the northern Andes
SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE BIODIVERSIDAD
LA Spanish
DT Article
DE Bayesian inference; biogeography; continuous characters; mitochondrial
DNA; morphology; parsimony; polymorphic characters
ID TRANSFER-RNA GENES; TROPIDURIDAE; CHARACTER; PERU; SUBSTITUTION;
EVOLUTION; ALIGNMENT; MODEL
AB The genus Stenocercus is composed of 61 species that occur mainly in the Andes and adjacent lowland areas (0-4 000 in) from northern Colombia and Venezuela to central Argentina. In this study, I performed parsimony and Bayesian analyses to infer the phylogenetic relationships among the 20 species of Stenocercus that occur in the northern Andes (Ecuador. Colombia. and Venezuela); I analyzed morphological, molecular, and combined datasets. These analyses resulted in similar topologies, which indicate that species of Stenocercus from the northern Andes are nested within 2 major clades. One of these clades contains 6 species occurring between southern Ecuador and southern Colombia, whereas the other clade includes 13 species that occur from southern Ecuador to northern Colombia and Venezuela. The results also suggest that the recent uplift of the northern Andes has had a major impact on the evolution of Stenocercus.
C1 [Torres-Carvajal, Omar] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Torres-Carvajal, O (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Escuela Biol, Ave 12 Octubre & Roca,Apartado 17-01-2184, Quito, Ecuador.
EM omartorcar@gmail.com
NR 51
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 4
PU INST BIOLOGIA, UNIV NACIONAL AUTONOMA MEXICO
PI MEXICO
PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-233, MEXICO, D F 00000, MEXICO
SN 1870-3453
J9 REV MEX BIODIVERS
JI Rev. Mex. Biodivers.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 80
IS 3
BP 727
EP 740
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA 531CU
UT WOS:000272641100015
ER
PT J
AU Owen, RB
Renaut, RW
Scott, JJ
Potts, R
Behrensmeyer, AK
AF Owen, R. Bernhart
Renaut, Robin W.
Scott, Jennifer J.
Potts, Richard
Behrensmeyer, Anna K.
TI Wetland sedimentation and associated diatoms in the Pleistocene
Olorgesailie Basin, southern Kenya Rift Valley
SO SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Diatoms; Ichnofossils; Rhizoliths; Wetlands; Olorgesailie
ID NGORONGORO CRATER; LAKE BOGORIA; EAST-AFRICA; EVOLUTION; TANZANIA;
CLIMATE; ICHNOFOSSILS; RHIZOLITHS; DEPOSITION; ORGANISMS
AB The Olorgesailie Basin in the southern Kenya Rift Valley contains a variety of lacustrine, wetland and terrestrial facies that were laid down during the last 1.2 million years. This study integrates diatom, ichnofossil, and rhizolith (silica and carbonate) evidence in order to identify and characterize shallow wetland deposition at the top (Member 14: ca. 493 ka) of the Olorgesailie Formation. A key feature of these deposits is the presence of facies with aquatic indicators (diatoms) that are overprinted by ichnofossils and rhizoliths that suggest drier conditions.
Diatom floras include several fresh water Aulacoseira spp. and saline indicators such as Thalassiosira rudolfi, T faurii, Cyclotella meneghiniana and Anomoeoneis sphaerophora. The main indicators of shallow fresh to mildly saline waters include Epithemia argus, Rhopalodia gibberula, Encyonema muelleri, and Synedra spp. Three main suites of ichnofossils indicate varying water table depths during their formation. These consist of 1) horizontal tunnels that suggest saturated substrates; 2) vertical burrows formed in substrates with relatively lower water tables: and 3) termite, hymenopteran, and beetle ichnofossils that indicate dry substrates.
Member 14 of the Olorgesailie Formation also contains carbonate and siliceous rhizoliths, which occur both together and separately. Four possible models are suggested to explain the silica and carbonate rhizolith formation: 1) a complex of spring-fed marshes and dry areas; 2) ephemeral wetlands and floodplains; 3) wetlands with abundant organic decay, and 4) initial carbonate rhizoliths that were replaced by silica. Preservation of cellular structures and the reworking and incorporation of rhizoliths; in overlying younger strata suggest that they formed early during diagenesis. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Owen, R. Bernhart] Hong Kong Baptist Univ, Dept Geog, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Renaut, Robin W.; Scott, Jennifer J.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Geol Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada.
[Potts, Richard] Smithsonian Inst, Human Origins Program, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Potts, Richard] Natl Museums Kenya, Palaeontol Sect, Dept Earth Sci, Nairobi, Kenya.
[Behrensmeyer, Anna K.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Owen, RB (reprint author), Hong Kong Baptist Univ, Dept Geog, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
EM owen@hkbu.edu.hk; robin.renaut@usask.ca; jjs053@mail.usask.ca;
pottsr@si.edu; behrensa@si.edu
OI Owen, Richard Bernhart/0000-0001-5267-5366
FU Ministry of Science and Technology, Republic of Kenya; Research Grant
Council of Hong Kong [HKBU 2013/06P]; Hong Kong Baptist University
[FRG/05-06/II-50]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada [RG 629-03]; International Association of Sedimentologists;
National Science Foundation [0218511]; Smithsonian Human Origins Program
FX Olorgesailie fieldwork is a collaborative project of the National
Museums of Kenya and the Smithsonian Institution. The authors would like
to thank the National Museums of Kenya (NMK) and the NMK Palaeontology
Section, Department of Earth Sciences, for their support. This research
was undertaken under permits issued by the Ministry of Science and
Technology, Republic of Kenya, which we gratefully acknowledge. We also
thank the Kenya Office of the President for permission to carry out this
research. Funding was provided by the Research Grant Council of Hong
Kong (HKBU 2013/06P) and by the Hong Kong Baptist University
(FRG/05-06/II-50). Further funding was given by the Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada (RG 629-03: PGS D Scholarship to
J.J.S.), the International Association of Sedimentologists (Postgraduate
grant to J.J.S.), the National Science Foundation (HOMINID grant
0218511), and the Smithsonian Human Origins Program. We are grateful for
the expertise of Luis Buatois (University of Saskatchewan), who provided
valuable advice, on the trace fossil identification and interpretations.
NR 64
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0037-0738
J9 SEDIMENT GEOL
JI Sediment. Geol.
PD DEC 1
PY 2009
VL 222
IS 1-2
BP 124
EP 137
DI 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2009.03.013
PG 14
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 528GP
UT WOS:000272431100012
ER
PT J
AU Clough, GW
AF Clough, G. Wayne
TI Our Plan
SO SMITHSONIAN
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Clough, GW (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SMITHSONIAN ASSOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 900 JEFFERSON DR, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0037-7333
J9 SMITHSONIAN
JI Smithsonian
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 40
IS 9
BP 20
EP 20
PG 1
WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary
SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics
GA 524GT
UT WOS:000272132500011
ER
PT J
AU Sonnert, G
AF Sonnert, Gerhard
TI Parents Who Influence Their Children to Become Scientists: Effects of
Gender and Parental Education
SO SOCIAL STUDIES OF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE career choice; gender; opportunity structure; parental influence;
role-model; science careers
ID HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; SCIENCE MAJOR; ROLE-MODELS; FACULTY; CHOICES;
MATH; ACHIEVEMENT; WOMEN
AB In this paper we report on testing the 'rolen model' and 'opportunity-structure' hypotheses about the parents whom scientists mentioned as career influencers. According to the role-model hypothesis, the gender match between scientist and influencer is paramount (for example, women scientists would disproportionately often mention their mothers as career influencers). According to the opportunity-structure hypothesis, the parent's educational level predicts his/her probability of being mentioned as a career influencer (that ism parents with higher educational levels would be more likely to be named). The examination of a sample of American scientists who had received prestigious postdoctoral fellowships resulted in rejecting the role-model hypothesis and corroborating the opportunity-structure hypothesis. There were a few additional findings. First, women scientists were more likely than men scientists to mention parental influencers. Second, fathers were more likely than mothers to be mentioned as influencers. Third, an interaction was found between the scientist's gender and parental education when predicting a parent's nomination as influencer.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Sonnert, G (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, MS 71,60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM gsonnert@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 29
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 16
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0306-3127
J9 SOC STUD SCI
JI Soc. Stud. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 39
IS 6
BP 927
EP 941
DI 10.1177/0306312709335843
PG 15
WC History & Philosophy Of Science
SC History & Philosophy of Science
GA 523LZ
UT WOS:000272076300006
PM 20506745
ER
PT J
AU Mackay, DH
van Ballegooijen, AA
AF Mackay, Duncan H.
van Ballegooijen, A. A.
TI A Non-Linear Force-Free Field Model for the Evolving Magnetic Structure
of Solar Filaments
SO SOLAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Prominences, formation and evolution; Prominences, models
ID CONFIGURATIONS SUPPORTING PROMINENCES; QUIESCENT PROMINENCES;
HEMISPHERIC PATTERN; FINE-STRUCTURE; LATERAL FEET; EVOLUTION; CORONA;
FLUX; CHIRALITY; CHANNELS
AB In this paper the effect of a small magnetic element approaching the main body of a solar filament is considered through non-linear force-free field modeling. The filament is represented by a series of magnetic dips. Once the dips are calculated, a simple hydrostatic atmosphere model is applied to determine which structures have sufficient column mass depth to be visible in H alpha. Two orientations of the bipole are considered, either parallel or anti-parallel to the overlying arcade. The magnetic polarity that lies closest to the filament is then advected towards the filament. Initially for both the dominant and minority polarity advected elements, right/left bearing barbs are produced for dextral/sinsitral filaments. The production of barbs due to dominant polarity elements is a new feature. In later stages the filament breaks into two dipped sections and takes a highly irregular, non-symmetrical form with multiple pillars. The two sections are connected by field lines with double dips even though the twist of the field is less than one turn. Reconnection is not found to play a key role in the break up of the filament. The non-linear force-free fields produce very different results to extrapolated linear-force free fields. For the cases considered here the linear force-free field does not produce the break up of the filament nor the production of barbs as a result of dominant polarity elements.
C1 [Mackay, Duncan H.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Math & Stat, St Andrews KY16 8HB, Fife, Scotland.
[van Ballegooijen, A. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Mackay, DH (reprint author), Univ St Andrews, Sch Math & Stat, St Andrews KY16 8HB, Fife, Scotland.
EM duncan@mcs.st-and.ac.uk
OI van Ballegooijen, Adriaan/0000-0002-5622-3540
NR 70
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-0938
J9 SOL PHYS
JI Sol. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 260
IS 2
BP 321
EP 346
DI 10.1007/s11207-009-9468-9
PG 26
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 524CW
UT WOS:000272122400007
ER
PT J
AU Wills-Davey, MJ
Attrill, GDR
AF Wills-Davey, M. J.
Attrill, G. D. R.
TI EIT Waves: A Changing Understanding over a Solar Cycle
SO SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE Sun: corona; EIT waves; Waves; MHD
ID CORONAL MASS EJECTION; ULTRAVIOLET IMAGING TELESCOPE; CME-RELATED
DIMMINGS; X-RAY OBSERVATIONS; I 10830 ANGSTROM; MORETON WAVES; FLARE
WAVES; MAGNETIC CLOUD; MHD WAVES; H-ALPHA
AB We present here a review of observations and the current theories that attempt to explain coronal EIT waves. EIT waves were first observed by SOHO-EIT in 1996. Since then, careful analysis has shown that they are related to various other phenomena, such as: CMEs, coronal dimming regions, Moreton waves, and transverse coronal loop oscillations. Over the years, myriad theories have been proposed to explain EIT waves. Early attempts, while elegant, relied heavily on theories based on pre-coronal observations. More recent work, which tends to consider a larger data pool, has led to two competing theoretical camps: wave vs. non-wave models; in many cases, proposed hypotheses flatly contradict each other. Sifting through these seemingly-incongruous models requires a thorough understanding of the available data, as some observations make certain theories more difficult to justify. However, some questions still do not appear resolvable with current data and will likely require help from the next generation of coronal telescopes.
C1 [Wills-Davey, M. J.; Attrill, G. D. R.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Wills-Davey, MJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM mwills-davey@cfa.harvard.edu
FU NASA [NNX08BA97G, NNX09AB11G]
FX The authors would like to thank editors V. Nakariakov and M. Aschwanden
for the invitation to write this review, and sincerely acknowledge all
of the hard work and achievements put forth by the scientists who made
this article possible. We also thank the referees for their careful
reading of the manuscript. We appreciate their helpful suggestions and
comments. The authors gratefully acknowledge NASA grants NNX08BA97G and
NNX09AB11G.
NR 137
TC 81
Z9 82
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-6308
J9 SPACE SCI REV
JI Space Sci. Rev.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 149
IS 1-4
BP 325
EP 353
DI 10.1007/s11214-009-9612-8
PG 29
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 555XJ
UT WOS:000274549800014
ER
PT J
AU Laurance, WF
Goosem, M
Laurance, SGW
AF Laurance, William F.
Goosem, Miriam
Laurance, Susan G. W.
TI Impacts of roads and linear clearings on tropical forests
SO TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Review
ID RAIN-FOREST; BRAZILIAN AMAZON; LAND-USE; EXTINCTION PRONENESS; MOVEMENT
PATTERNS; PROTECTED AREAS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SMALL MAMMALS; CONGO BASIN;
HOME-RANGE
AB Linear infrastructure such as roads, highways, power lines and gas lines are omnipresent features of human activity and are rapidly expanding in the tropics. Tropical species are especially vulnerable to such infrastructure because they include many ecological specialists that avoid even narrow (<30-m wide) clearings and forest edges, as well as other species that are susceptible to road kill, predation or hunting by humans near roads. In addition, roads have a major role in opening up forested tropical regions to destructive colonization and exploitation. Here, we synthesize existing research on the impacts of roads and other linear clearings on tropical rainforests, and assert that such impacts are often qualitatively and quantitatively different in tropical forests than in other ecosystems. We also highlight practical measures to reduce the negative impacts of roads and other linear infrastructure on tropical species.
C1 [Laurance, William F.; Laurance, Susan G. W.] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia.
[Laurance, William F.; Laurance, Susan G. W.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
[Goosem, Miriam] James Cook Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia.
RP Laurance, WF (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia.
EM bill.laurance@jcu.edu.au
RI Laurance, Susan/G-6021-2011; Laurance, William/B-2709-2012; Goosem,
Miriam/D-8677-2012
OI Laurance, Susan/0000-0002-2831-2933; Goosem, Miriam/0000-0001-9332-022X
FU James Cook University; Smithsonian Institution
FX We thank M. Adeney, E. Bennett, S. Blake, T. Brooks, R. Butler, M.
Cochrane, M. Cohen, P. Davidar, R. Ewers, P. Fearnside, T. Lovejoy, D.
Neidel, D. Nepstad, C. Peres, A. Pfaff, S. Pimm, T. Rudel, N. Sodhi, M.
Steininger, J. Supriatna, J. Vincent and three anonymous referees for
information, imagery and insightful comments; L. Gonzalez for help with
graphics; and James Cook University, the Australian Government's Marine
and Tropical Sciences Research Facility and the Smithsonian Institution
for support.
NR 111
TC 204
Z9 214
U1 33
U2 195
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0169-5347
J9 TRENDS ECOL EVOL
JI Trends Ecol. Evol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 24
IS 12
BP 659
EP 669
DI 10.1016/j.tree.2009.06.009
PG 11
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA 526HI
UT WOS:000272278000004
PM 19748151
ER
PT J
AU Allan, K
Boyero, L
Pearson, RG
AF Allan, K.
Boyero, L.
Pearson, R. G.
TI Chemical communication in competitive interactions among tropical stream
detritivores
SO TROPICAL ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE chemical cues; biotic interactions; competition; leaf litter breakdown;
shredders; tropical streams
ID PREDATOR-AVOIDANCE; FOOD-WEB; FISH; CUES; RESPONSES; LARVAE; RISK;
INVERTEBRATES; EPHEMEROPTERA; INTERFERENCE
AB The role of chemical communication among competitors in streams is virtually unknown, especially in tropical streams. In this study, we experimentally examined the ability of four tropical invertebrate shredders (Anisocentropus kirramus Neboiss 1980, Lectrides varians Mosely 1953, Triplectides goreetalus Moser & Neboiss 1982 and Atalophlebia sp.) to detect and respond to chemical cues from competitors of the same species (conspecifics) or other species (heterospecifics - the other three species plus the crayfish Cherax cairnsensis Riek 1969). Behavioural trials indicated a short-term response (a reduction in activity) to the addition of conspecific chemical cues but not to those of heterospecifics, including the crayfish. Litter breakdown experiments showed no mid-term effects of chemical cues from conspecifics or heterospecifics on breakdown rates. Our results indicate that chemical communication among tropical stream shredders is weak, suggesting that hydrodynamic cues and physical contact may be primary mechanisms mediating competitive interactions among these organisms.
C1 [Allan, K.; Boyero, L.; Pearson, R. G.] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Boyero, L.] Estac Biol Donana CSIC, Wetland Ecol Grp, E-41092 Isla De La Cartuja, Spain.
[Boyero, L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Boyero, L (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
EM luz.boyero@jcu.edu.au
RI Boyero, Luz/L-5822-2014; CSIC, EBD Donana/C-4157-2011;
OI Boyero, Luz/0000-0001-7366-9299; CSIC, EBD Donana/0000-0003-4318-6602;
Pearson, Richard/0000-0001-6047-031X
NR 33
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 12
PU CENTRO STUDIO FAUNISTICA ECOLOGIA TROPICALI, C N R
PI FLORENCE
PA VIA ROMANA 17, 50125 FLORENCE, ITALY
SN 0394-6975
J9 TROP ZOOL
JI Trop. Zool.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 22
IS 2
BP 195
EP 204
PG 10
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 562LD
UT WOS:000275050800003
ER
PT J
AU Almario, BS
Marra, PP
Gates, JE
Mitchell, L
AF Almario, Barbara S.
Marra, Peter P.
Gates, J. Edward
Mitchell, Laura
TI EFFECTS OF PRESCRIBED FIRE ON DEPREDATION RATES OF NATURAL AND
ARTIFICIAL SEASIDE SPARROW NESTS
SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID COAST CHENIER PLAIN; REAL NESTS; BIRD NESTS; PREDATION; SUCCESS; EGGS;
MANAGEMENT; ABUNDANCE
AB We compared depredation rates of natural and artificial nests of Seaside Sparrows (Ammodramus maritimus) within winter burned and unburned marsh breeding habitats. Natural nests on burned sites in 2002 were depredated at a higher rate (35.3%) during the incubation stage, compared to unburned sites (13.3%). Depredation rates of natural nests were similar between burn treatments during the nestling stage. Artificial nests exhibited significantly higher depredation rates during the incubation stage on burned compared to unburned sites in 2002. No artificial nest studies were conducted in 2003, but we examined natural nest depredation rates. Depredation rates on natural nests in 2003 were similar between burned and unburned sites during both incubation and nestling stages. Differences in nest depredation rates between 2002 and 2003 may be due to increased rainfall in 2003 leading to higher biological productivity, reduced burn effectiveness and coverage, as well as a change in nest placement by Seaside Sparrows on burned sites. Shrub-nesting species may not be as vulnerable to higher rates of nest depredation induced by prescribed burning because lire appears to only minimally impact woody shrubs, while greatly reducing biomass of herbaceous vegetation. Received 15 June 2007. Accepted 30 April 2009.
C1 [Almario, Barbara S.; Gates, J. Edward] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Studies, Appalachian Lab, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA.
[Marra, Peter P.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 20137 USA.
[Mitchell, Laura] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Chesapeake Bay Field Off, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
RP Marra, PP (reprint author), Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, 3001 Connecticut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
EM marrap@si.edu
RI Gates, John/B-7397-2015
FU Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge Fire Management Program; U.S.
Geological Survey
FX We thank Steven Gabrey for advice on artificial nests and Seaside
Sparrow biology. Joe Smith, Jim Jenkins, Elizabeth Krone, Andrea Evans,
Karin Roux, Jenny Pickar, and Nora Diggs helped with fieldwork and
logistics. The Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge Fire Management
Program, especially Bill Giese and Joe Krish, provided assistance and
were helpful. The U.S. Geological Survey provided funding for this
project.
NR 42
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 7
PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA
SN 1559-4491
EI 1938-5447
J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL
JI Wilson J. Ornithol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 121
IS 4
BP 770
EP 777
DI 10.1676/07-095.1
PG 8
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 535JH
UT WOS:000272963900013
ER
PT J
AU Llambias, PE
Ferretti, V
Cardoni, DA
Maldonado, JE
AF Llambias, Paulo E.
Ferretti, Valentina
Cardoni, Daniel A.
Maldonado, Jesus E.
TI Breeding Success and Social Mating System of the Bay-capped
Wren-Spinetail (Spartonoica maluroides)
SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NEST SUCCESS; FURNARIIDAE; PARASITISM; CACHOLOTE; BEHAVIOR
AB We Studied breeding biology, parental roles, and social mating system of the Bay-capped Wren-Spinetail (Spartonoica maluroides), a habitat specialist furnariid, in the Argentinean pampas. We found 42 nests during 2004-2007, two during egg laying, 28 during incubation, and 12 with nestlings. Mean clutch size was 3.17 eggs (n = 29), the incubation period was 13 days, and nestlings remained in the nest for 12 days before fledgling. Bay-capped Wren-Spinetails are socially monogamous; both males and females develop a brood patch and contribute to incubation, brooding, and provisioning of nestlings. Wren-Spinetails are unique among furnariids as they build an open CLIP nest with a few presenting a loose domed roof. Breeding success of Bay-capped Wren-Spinetails was higher (total probability of nesting success = 0.508) than other species of sympatric passerines because of low nest predation and high nest survival rates during incubation and nestling rearing stages. Received 20 January 2009. Accepted 17 June 2009.
C1 [Llambias, Paulo E.; Ferretti, Valentina] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Ferretti, Valentina] Cornell Lab Ornithol, Fuller Evolutionary Biol Program, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Cardoni, Daniel A.] Univ Nacl Mar Plata, Dept Biol, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, RA-7600 Mar Del Plata, Argentina.
[Cardoni, Daniel A.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn CONICET, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Cardoni, Daniel A.; Maldonado, Jesus E.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, NZP NMNH, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
RP Llambias, PE (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM pel24@cornell.edu
FU Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at Cornell University;
Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology; Mario Einaudi Center for
International Studies International Research Travel Grant; Andrew W.
Mellon Student Research Grant, Cornell University. Ithaca. New York
FX We thank D. J. Cerasale for helpful comments on the manuscript, G. J.
Fernandez, M. E. Mermoz, and P. S. Rodriguez for help in the field, the
Wisky-Michelli family for allowing us to work on their ranches, and
Mario Beade for logistic support. We are grateful to two anonymous
referees, and C. E. Braun for stimulating comments and suggestions on
the manuscript. Financial support was provided to P. E. Llambias and
Valentina Ferretti by the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
at Cornell University, OAS graduate fellowships, and the Cornell
Laboratory of Ornithology. Financial support during field work was
provided by a Mario Einaudi Center for International Studies
International Research Travel Grant, Latin American Studies Program
Travel Grant, and an Andrew W. Mellon Student Research Grant, Cornell
University. Ithaca. New York.
NR 25
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA
SN 1559-4491
J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL
JI Wilson J. Ornithol.
PD DEC
PY 2009
VL 121
IS 4
BP 803
EP 807
DI 10.1676/09-011.1
PG 5
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 535JH
UT WOS:000272963900019
ER
PT J
AU Coffin, SD
AF Coffin, Sarah D.
TI Arranging the Meal: A History of Table Service in France
SO WINTERTHUR PORTFOLIO-A JOURNAL OF AMERICAN MATERIAL CULTURE
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Coffin, Sarah D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Design Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Coffin, SD (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Design Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0084-0416
J9 WINTERTHUR PORTFOLIO
JI Winterthur Portfol.-J. Amer. Mater. Cult.
PD WIN
PY 2009
VL 43
IS 4
BP 416
EP 418
PG 4
WC Art
SC Art
GA 537CX
UT WOS:000273091600011
ER
PT J
AU Cottrell, E
Kelley, KA
Lanzirotti, A
Fischer, RA
AF Cottrell, Elizabeth
Kelley, Katherine A.
Lanzirotti, Antonio
Fischer, Rebecca A.
TI High-precision determination of iron oxidation state in silicate glasses
using XANES
SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE XANES; Oxidation state; Iron; Mossbauer spectroscopy; Silicate melt;
Silicate glass
ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; FERRIC-FERROUS EQUILIBRIA; HOSTED MELT INCLUSIONS;
NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE; REDOX EQUILIBRIA; SULFUR SPECIATION; WAVELENGTH
SHIFTS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; OXYGEN FUGACITY; STRUCTURAL ROLE
AB Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and Mossbauer spectra were collected on natural basaltic glasses equilibrated over a range of oxygen fugacity (QFM -3.5 to QFM +45). The basalt compositions and fO(2) conditions were chosen to bracket the natural range of redox conditions expected for basalts from mid-ocean ridge, ocean island, back-arc basin, and arc settings, in order to develop a high-precision calibration for the determination of Fe3+/Sigma Fe in natural basalts. The pre-edge centroid energy, corresponding to the 1s -> 3d transition, was determined to be the most robust proxy for Fe oxidation state, affording significant advantages compared to the use of other spectral features. A second-order polynomial models the correlation between the centroid and Fe3+/Sigma Fe, yielding a precision of +/- 0.0045 in Fe3+/Sigma Fe for glasses with Fe3+/Sigma Fe > 8%, which is comparable to the precision of wet chemistry. This high precision relies on a Si (311) monochromator to better define the Fe2+ and Fe3+ transitions, accurate and robust modeling of the pre-edge feature, dense fO(2)-coverage and compositional appropriateness of reference glasses, and application of a non-linear drift correction. Through re-analysis of the reference glasses across three synchrotron beam sessions, we show that the quoted precision can be achieved (i.e., analyses are reproducible) across multiple synchrotron beam sessions, even when spectral collection conditions (detector parameters or sample geometry) change. Rhyolitic glasses were also analyzed and yield a higher centroid energy at a given Fe3+/Sigma Fe than basalts, implying that major variations in melt structure affect the relationship between centroid position and Fe3+/Sigma Fe, and that separate calibrations are needed for the determination of oxidation state in basalts and rhyolites. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Cottrell, Elizabeth; Fischer, Rebecca A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Kelley, Katherine A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Lanzirotti, Antonio] Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Cottrell, E (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM cottrellE@si.edu
RI Kelley, Katherine/J-3728-2013;
OI Kelley, Katherine/0000-0002-7516-2683; Fischer,
Rebecca/0000-0001-7965-897X
FU Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-92ER14244, DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Bill
& Jean Lane Foundation; Carnegie Institution of Washington;
Smithsonian's Scholarly Studies Program; URI ADVANCE; NSF [EAR-0841108,
EAR-0841006]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Tim Gooding's assistance with sample
preparation, and Amelia Logan's assistance on the microprobe. We thank
Shilpa Darivemula, Peter Cottrell, and David Kratzmann for their
tireless shifts at X26A and Matt Newville for early discussions. Gordon
Moore and Mac Rutherford are thanked for both samples and advice. We owe
our deepest gratitude to Bjorn Mysen, whose generosity and scholarship
made this work possible. The comments of two anonymous reviewers greatly
improved the manuscript. Beamline X26A is supported by the Department of
Energy (DOE) - Geosciences Division (DE-FG02-92ER14244 to the University
of Chicago - CARS). Use of the NSLS was supported by DOE under contract
no. DE-AC02-98CH10886. RF was supported by the Smithsonian Research
Training Program (Bill & Jean Lane Foundation, Max Berry Donation) and
the Carnegie Institution of Washington's REU program. We gratefully
acknowledge support from Smithsonian's Scholarly Studies Program (to
EC), a URI ADVANCE fellowship (to KK) and NSF awards EAR-0841108 (to KK)
and EAR-0841006 (to EC).
NR 68
TC 57
Z9 57
U1 3
U2 66
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2541
EI 1878-5999
J9 CHEM GEOL
JI Chem. Geol.
PD NOV 30
PY 2009
VL 268
IS 3-4
BP 167
EP 179
DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.08.008
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 527JW
UT WOS:000272364300001
ER
PT J
AU Castro, JM
Cottrell, E
Tuffen, H
Logan, AV
Kelley, KA
AF Castro, Jonathan M.
Cottrell, Elizabeth
Tuffen, Hugh
Logan, Amelia V.
Kelley, Katherine A.
TI Spherulite crystallization induces Fe-redox redistribution in silicic
melt
SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Obsidian; Spherulite; Oxidation-reduction; FTIR; XANES
ID OXIDATION-STATE; OXYGEN FUGACITY; BASALTIC MAGMAS; DISSOLVED WATER;
IRON; ASCENT; TEMPERATURE; EMPLACEMENT; COMPONENTS; EVOLUTION
AB Rhyolitic obsidians from Krafla volcano, Iceland, record the interaction between mobile hydrous species liberated during crystal growth and the reduction of ferric iron in the silicate melt. We performed synchrotron mu p-FTIR and mu-XANES measurements along a transect extending from a spherulite into optically distinct colorless and brown glass zones. Measurements show that the colorless glass is enriched in OH groups and depleted in ferric iron, while the brown glass shows the opposite relationship. The color shift between brown and clear glass is sharp, suggesting that the colorless glass zone was produced by a redox front that originated from the spherulite margin and moved through surrounding melt during crystallization. We conclude that the most likely reducing agent is hydrogen, produced by magnetite crystallization within the spherulite. The Krafla obsidians dramatically capture redox disequilibrium on the micoscale and highlight the importance of hydrous fluid liberation and late-stage crystallization to the redox signature of glassy lavas (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Castro, Jonathan M.] Univ Orleans, CNRS, UMR 6113, ISTO, F-45071 Orleans 2, France.
[Cottrell, Elizabeth; Logan, Amelia V.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Tuffen, Hugh; Kelley, Katherine A.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Environm Sci, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England.
[Kelley, Katherine A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
RP Castro, JM (reprint author), Univ Orleans, CNRS, UMR 6113, ISTO, 1A Rue Ferollerie, F-45071 Orleans 2, France.
EM jonathan.castro@cnrs-orleans.fr
RI Tuffen, Hugh/A-5388-2009; Kelley, Katherine/J-3728-2013
OI Kelley, Katherine/0000-0002-7516-2683
NR 43
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2541
EI 1878-5999
J9 CHEM GEOL
JI Chem. Geol.
PD NOV 30
PY 2009
VL 268
IS 3-4
BP 272
EP 280
DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.09.006
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 527JW
UT WOS:000272364300009
ER
PT J
AU Vinton, SD
Perry, L
Reinhard, KJ
Santoro, CM
Teixeira-Santos, I
AF Vinton, Sheila Dorsey
Perry, Linda
Reinhard, Karl J.
Santoro, Calogero M.
Teixeira-Santos, Isabel
TI Impact of Empire Expansion on Household Diet: The Inka in Northern
Chile's Atacama Desert
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID CENTRAL ANDES; MAIZE; PERU; COPROLITES; PARASITISM; STATE
AB The impact of expanding civilization on the health of American indigenous societies has long been studied. Most studies have focused on infections and malnutrition that occurred when less complex societies were incorporated into more complex civilizations. The details of dietary change, however, have rarely been explored. Using the analysis of starch residues recovered from coprolites, here we evaluate the dietary adaptations of indigenous farmers in northern Chile's Atacama Desert during the time that the Inka Empire incorporated these communities into their economic system. This system has been described as "complementarity" because it involves interaction and trade in goods produced at different Andean elevations. We find that as local farming societies adapted to this new asymmetric system, a portion of their labor had to be given up to the Inka elite through a corvee tax system for maize production. In return, the Inka system of complementarity introduced previously rare foods from the Andean highlands into local economies. These changes caused a disruption of traditional communities as they instituted a state-level economic system on local farmers. Combined with previously published infection information for the same populations under Inka rule, the data suggest that there may have been a dual health impact from disruption of nutrition and introduction of crowd disease.
C1 [Vinton, Sheila Dorsey] Univ Kentucky, Dept Anthropol, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Perry, Linda] Smithsonian Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Archaeobiol Program, Washington, DC USA.
[Reinhard, Karl J.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE USA.
[Santoro, Calogero M.] Univ Tarapaca, Dept Antropol, Inst Alta Invest, Arica, Chile.
[Santoro, Calogero M.] Ctr Invest Hombre Desierto, Arica, Chile.
[Teixeira-Santos, Isabel] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Nacl Saude Publ, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
RP Vinton, SD (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Anthropol, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
EM kreinhard1@mac.com
OI Santoro, Calogero M/0000-0002-3702-8408
FU FONDECYT [1030312, 1050595]; Direccion de Investigaciones y Post Grado;
Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto (CIHDE); Universidad
de Tarapaca, Arica; DEST; Fenner School; ANU; University of New England
(Armidale NSW, Australia); University of Nebraska - Lincoln; Escola
Nacional de Saude Publica; Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz; Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil; Instituto Alta Investigacion; Departamento de Antropologia,
Arica, Chile; Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto,
Arica, Chile
FX Funding for the research presented here came from FONDECYT Grants
1030312 and 1050595, the Direccion de Investigaciones y Post Grado, the
Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto (CIHDE), Universidad
de Tarapaca, Arica, and a DEST Endeavour Research Fellowship (Australian
Government), Visiting Fellowships at the National Museum of Australia
and the Fenner School, ANU, the University of New England (Armidale NSW,
Australia), a graduate research grant from the University of Nebraska -
Lincoln and the Escola Nacional de Saude Publica, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz,
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil through a Brazilian CAPES Programa Professor
Visitante Estrangeiro grant for 2007. The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript. KR and ITS completed the maize analysis
at the Escola Nacional de Saude Publica, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil. The processed starch samples are archived in the School
of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska at Lincoln. The original
samples were processed for parasites and macroscopic remains at the
Museo Arqueologico San Miguel de Azapa. The research was hosted and
sponsored by the Instituto Alta Investigacion, Departamento de
Antropologia, Universidad de Tarapaca, Arica, Chile and the Centro de
Investigaciones del Hombre en el Desierto, Arica, Chile.
NR 34
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 14
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD NOV 26
PY 2009
VL 4
IS 11
AR e8069
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0008069
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 533MN
UT WOS:000272828100012
PM 19956668
ER
PT J
AU Iwaniuk, AN
Olson, SL
James, HF
AF Iwaniuk, Andrew N.
Olson, Storrs L.
James, Helen F.
TI Extraordinary cranial specialization in a new genus of extinct duck
(Aves: Anseriformes) from Kauai, Hawaiian Islands
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE Anatidae; somatosensory; trigeminal nerve; optic nerve; vision; Hawaiian
Islands
ID VISUAL-SYSTEM; BIRDS; DREPANIDINI; EVOLUTION; BRAIN; SIZE
AB Talpanas lippa is described as a new genus and species of waterfowl from Kauai, Hawaiian Islands, that is unlike any other known member of the order. It is characterized by a short, stout tarsometatarsus and a braincase that is shallow and wide relative to its length with very small orbits. In comparison with extant species, the optic foramen of Talpanas is remarkably small whereas the maxillo-mandibular foramen, which is the exit point of the trigeminal nerve, is grossly enlarged. Relative to skull length and foramen magnum area, the maxillo-mandibular foramen is one order of magnitude larger in cross-sectional area than that of extant Anseriformes. We conclude that Talpanas had reduced visual abilities, as reflected externally by its small orbits and optic foramen, and a grossly hypertrophied trigeminal foramen. Taken together, this suggests that Talpanas may have been more heavily reliant upon somatosensory ( tactile) cues for foraging than any living species of bird. Pectoral elements are unknown, but the evident lack of keen eyesight suggests that the species was flightless, as were many other insular waterfowl.
C1 [Iwaniuk, Andrew N.] Univ Lethbridge, Dept Neurosci, Canadian Ctr Behav Neurosci, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.
[Olson, Storrs L.; James, Helen F.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Birds, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Olson, SL (reprint author), Univ Lethbridge, Dept Neurosci, Canadian Ctr Behav Neurosci, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.
EM andrew.iwaniuk@uleth.ca; olsons@si.edu; jamesh@si.edu
FU NSF; Smithsonian Office
FX We thank David and Lida Burney and others who participated in the
excavation of Makauwahi Cave ( supported by NSF), Megan Spitzer for
assistance in the laboratory, and Brian K. Schmidt for preparing Figure
2. Larry D. Witmer, Ryan C. Ridgely, and Trevor H. Worthy provided many
helpful comments. Support for this study was provided by a fellowship to
ANI from the Smithsonian Office of Grants and Fellowships.
NR 27
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD NOV 24
PY 2009
IS 2296
BP 47
EP 67
PG 21
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 523RM
UT WOS:000272092200003
ER
PT J
AU Heays, AN
Lewis, BR
Stark, G
Yoshino, K
Smith, PL
Huber, KP
Ito, K
AF Heays, A. N.
Lewis, B. R.
Stark, G.
Yoshino, K.
Smith, Peter L.
Huber, K. P.
Ito, K.
TI Oscillator strengths and line widths of dipole-allowed transitions in
N-14(2) between 86.0 and 89.7 nm
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE nitrogen; oscillator strengths; photoexcitation; predissociation;
radiative transfer; Rydberg states; Schrodinger equation; spectral line
breadth; vibrational states
ID HIGH-RESOLUTION ABSORPTION; MONTE-CARLO COMPUTATIONS; TITANS
UPPER-ATMOSPHERE; HOT NITROGEN-ATOMS; MARTIAN THERMOSPHERE; VACUUM-UV;
N-2; STATES; N2; PREDISSOCIATION
AB Oscillator strengths of 23 electric-dipole-allowed bands of N-14(2) in the 86.0-89.7 nm (111 480-116 280 cm(-1)) region are reported from synchrotron-based photoabsorption measurements at an instrumental resolution of 6.5x10(-4) nm (0.7 cm(-1)) full width at half maximum. The absorption spectrum comprises transitions to vibrational levels of the c(n) (1)Pi(u) (n=3,4), o(3) (1)Pi(u), and c(n+1)(') (1)Sigma(+)(u)(n=3,4) Rydberg states as well as the b (1)Pi(u) and b(') (1)Sigma(+)(u) valence states. The J dependences of band f-values derived from the experimental line f-values are reported as polynomials in J(J+1) and are extrapolated to zero nuclear rotation in order to facilitate comparisons with the results of coupled Schroumldinger equation calculations. Many bands in this study are characterized by a strong J dependence of the band f-values and display anomalous P-, Q-, and R-branch intensity patterns. Predissociation line widths are reported for six bands. The experimental f-value and line-width patterns inform current efforts to develop comprehensive spectroscopic models for N-2 that incorporate rotational effects and predissociation mechanisms, and are critical for the construction of realistic atmospheric radiative-transfer models.
C1 [Heays, A. N.; Lewis, B. R.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
[Stark, G.] Wellesley Coll, Dept Phys, Wellesley, MA 02481 USA.
[Yoshino, K.; Smith, Peter L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Huber, K. P.] Natl Res Council Canada, Steacie Inst Mol Sci, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
[Ito, K.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Inst Mat Struct Sci, Photon Factory, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan.
RP Heays, AN (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys Sci & Engn, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
EM alan.heays@anu.edu.au
OI Heays, Alan/0000-0002-7716-9192
FU Australian Research Council Discovery Program [DP0558962]; NASA
[NNX08AE786]; Photon Factory Advisory Committee [1998G245]
FX Partial support for this research was provided by the Australian
Research Council Discovery Program through Grant No. DP0558962 and by
NASA Grant No. NNX08AE786 to Wellesley College. The measurements were
carried out under the approval of the Photon Factory Advisory Committee
(Proposal No. 1998G245). We thank the staff of the Photon Factory for
their hospitality and assistance.
NR 49
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 21
PY 2009
VL 131
IS 19
AR 194308
DI 10.1063/1.3257690
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 523CT
UT WOS:000272050200013
PM 19929052
ER
PT J
AU Croft, RAC
Di Matteo, T
Springel, V
Hernquist, L
AF Croft, Rupert A. C.
Di Matteo, Tiziana
Springel, Volker
Hernquist, Lars
TI Galaxy morphology, kinematics and clustering in a hydrodynamic
simulation of a Lambda cold dark matter universe
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmology: observations; large-scale structure of Universe
ID TULLY-FISHER RELATION; SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; BAND
OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY;
COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; DENSITY RELATION; STAR-FORMATION; REDSHIFT
SURVEY; BLACK-HOLES
AB We explore galaxy properties and their link with environment and clustering using a population of similar to 1000 galaxies formed in a high-resolution hydrodynamic simulation of the Lambda cold dark matter cosmology. At the redshift we concentrate on, z = 1, the spatial resolution is 1.4 proper h-1 kpc and the mass resolution is such that Milky Way sized disc galaxies contain similar to 105 particles within their virial radii. The simulations include supermassive black hole accretion and feedback as well as a multiphase model for star formation. Overall, we find that a number of familiar qualitative relationships hold approximately between galaxy properties, for example we observe galaxies as lying between two broad extremes of type, where 'late' types tend to be smaller in size, have lower circular velocities, younger stars, higher star formation rates, larger disc to bulge ratios and lower Sersic indices than 'early types'. We find that as in previous studies of small numbers of resimulated galaxies the stellar component of disc galaxies is not as rotationally supported as in observations. Bulges contain too much of the stellar mass, although exponential discs do have scalelengths compatible with observations, and the stellar mass Tully-Fisher relation at z = 1 is reproduced. The addition of black hole physics to the simulations does not appear to have made a large impact on the angular momentum results compared to these other studies, nor do we find that running an identical simulation with significantly lower mass resolution affects this aspect (although we are unable to test higher mass resolution, which other authors have shown can alleviate the problem). Despite this, we can profitably use the rank order of either disc-to-total ratio, Sersic index, or galaxy age to separate galaxies into morphological classes and examine the density-morphology relation and morphology dependence of clustering. We find that while at redshift z = 0 the well-known preponderance of early types in dense environments is seen, at z = 1 the density-morphology relation becomes flatter and late-type galaxies are even seen to have a higher clustering amplitude than early types.
C1 [Croft, Rupert A. C.; Di Matteo, Tiziana] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Croft, Rupert A. C.; Di Matteo, Tiziana] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Bruce & Astrid McWilliams Ctr Cosmol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Springel, Volker] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany.
[Hernquist, Lars] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Croft, RAC (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM rcroft@cmu.edu
RI Di Matteo, Tiziana/O-4762-2014; Croft, Rupert/N-8707-2014
OI Di Matteo, Tiziana/0000-0002-6462-5734; Croft,
Rupert/0000-0003-0697-2583
FU National Science Foundation [NSF AST-0205978, NSF AST-0607819, NSF
OCI-0749212]
FX We thank Jorg Colberg for providing the subhalo files and Jorg Colberg
and Andrew Zentner for useful discussions. This work was supported by
the National Science Foundation, NSF AST-0205978, NSF AST-0607819 and
NSF OCI-0749212. The simulations were carried out at Carnegie Mellon
University and on the Cray XT-3 at the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center.
NR 89
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD NOV 21
PY 2009
VL 400
IS 1
BP 43
EP 67
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15446.x
PG 25
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 518QT
UT WOS:000271708900027
ER
PT J
AU Carolan, PB
Khanzadyan, T
Redman, MP
Thompson, MA
Jones, PA
Cunningham, MR
Loughnane, RM
Bains, I
Keto, E
AF Carolan, P. B.
Khanzadyan, T.
Redman, M. P.
Thompson, M. A.
Jones, P. A.
Cunningham, M. R.
Loughnane, R. M.
Bains, I.
Keto, E.
TI Supersonic turbulence in the cold massive core JCMT 18354-0649S star
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE radiative transfer; stars: formation; ISM: individual: JCMT 18354-0649S;
ISM: jets and outflows; ISM: kinematics and dynamics; ISM: abundances
ID STAR-FORMATION REGIONS; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; INFRARED DARK CLOUDS;
INITIAL CONDITIONS; MOLECULAR GAS; BROWN DWARF; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER;
FREEZE-OUT; OUTFLOW; EMISSION
AB An example of a cold massive core, JCMT 18354-0649S which is a possible high-mass analogue to a low-mass star-forming core, is studied. Line and continuum observations from James Clerk Maxwell Telescope, Mopra Telescope and Spitzer are presented and modelled in detail using a 3D molecular line radiative transfer code. In almost every way, JCMT 18354-0649S is a scaled-up version of a typical low-mass core with similar temperatures, chemical abundances and densities. The difference is that both the infall velocity and the turbulent width of the line profiles are an order of magnitude larger. While the higher infall velocity is expected due to the large mass of JCMT 18354-0649S, we suggest that the dissipation of this highly supersonic turbulence may lead to the creation of dense clumps of gas that surround the high-mass core.
C1 [Carolan, P. B.; Khanzadyan, T.; Redman, M. P.; Loughnane, R. M.] Natl Univ Ireland, Sch Phys, Ctr Astron, Galway, Ireland.
[Thompson, M. A.] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England.
[Jones, P. A.; Cunningham, M. R.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Jones, P. A.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile.
[Bains, I.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia.
[Keto, E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Carolan, PB (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland, Sch Phys, Ctr Astron, Univ Rd, Galway, Ireland.
EM patrick.carolan@nuigalway.ie
OI Cunningham, Maria/0000-0001-7020-6176
FU Science Foundation Ireland (SFI); Program for Research in Third Level
Institutions; European Regional Development Fund; Irish Research Council
for Science Engineering and Technology
FX We thank the referee for a prompt and constructive report that led to an
improved paper. This research was supported through a Science Foundation
Ireland (SFI) Research Frontiers award. PBC received support from the
Cosmo-Grid project, funded by the Program for Research in Third Level
Institutions under the Irish National Development Plan and with
assistance from the European Regional Development Fund. RML was
supported by an Irish Research Council for Science Engineering and
Technology studentship. We also acknowledge SFI/Higher Education
Authority Irish Centre for High-End Computing (ICHEC) for the provision
of computational facilities and support.
NR 55
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD NOV 21
PY 2009
VL 400
IS 1
BP 78
EP 89
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15441.x
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 518QT
UT WOS:000271708900029
ER
PT J
AU Cameron, AC
Davidson, VA
Hebb, L
Skinner, G
Anderson, DR
Christian, DJ
Clarkson, WI
Enoch, B
Irwin, J
Joshi, Y
Haswell, CA
Hellier, C
Horne, KD
Kane, SR
Lister, TA
Maxted, PFL
Norton, AJ
Parley, N
Pollacco, D
Ryans, R
Scholz, A
Skillen, I
Smalley, B
Street, RA
West, RG
Wilson, DM
Wheatley, PJ
AF Cameron, A. Collier
Davidson, V. A.
Hebb, L.
Skinner, G.
Anderson, D. R.
Christian, D. J.
Clarkson, W. I.
Enoch, B.
Irwin, J.
Joshi, Y.
Haswell, C. A.
Hellier, C.
Horne, K. D.
Kane, S. R.
Lister, T. A.
Maxted, P. F. L.
Norton, A. J.
Parley, N.
Pollacco, D.
Ryans, R.
Scholz, A.
Skillen, I.
Smalley, B.
Street, R. A.
West, R. G.
Wilson, D. M.
Wheatley, P. J.
TI The main-sequence rotation-colour relation in the Coma Berenices open
cluster
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE methods: data analysis; techniques: photometric; stars: activity; stars:
rotation; open clusters and associations: individual: Melotte 111
ID SOLAR-TYPE STARS; LOW-MASS STARS; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM EVOLUTION; INCLUDING
SEISMIC CONSTRAINTS; DIFFERENTIAL ROTATION; MAGNETIC BRAKING; STELLAR
ROTATION; HYADES STARS; MOVING GROUP; TEMPERATURE
AB We present the results of a photometric survey of rotation rates in the Coma Berenices (Melotte 111) open cluster, using data obtained as part of the SuperWASP exoplanetary transit-search programme. The goal of the Coma survey was to measure precise rotation periods for main-sequence F, G and K dwarfs in this intermediate-age (similar to 600 Myr) cluster, and to determine the extent to which magnetic braking has caused the stellar spin periods to converge. We find a tight, almost linear relationship between rotation period and J - K colour with an rms scatter of only 2 per cent. The relation is similar to that seen among F, G and K stars in the Hyades. Such strong convergence can only be explained if angular momentum is not at present being transferred from a reservoir in the deep stellar interiors to the surface layers. We conclude that the coupling time-scale for angular momentum transport from a rapidly spinning radiative core to the outer convective zone must be substantially shorter than the cluster age, and that from the age of Coma onwards stars rotate effectively as solid bodies. The existence of a tight relationship between stellar mass and rotation period at a given age supports the use of stellar rotation period as an age indicator in F, G and K stars of Hyades age and older. We demonstrate that individual stellar ages can be determined within the Coma population with an internal precision of the order of 9 per cent (rms), using a standard magnetic braking law in which rotation period increases with the square root of stellar age. We find that a slight modification to the magnetic-braking power law, P proportional to t0.56, yields rotational and asteroseismological ages in good agreement for the Sun and other stars of solar age for which p-mode studies and photometric rotation periods have been published.
C1 [Cameron, A. Collier; Davidson, V. A.; Hebb, L.; Skinner, G.; Enoch, B.; Horne, K. D.; Scholz, A.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland.
[Anderson, D. R.; Hellier, C.; Maxted, P. F. L.; Smalley, B.; Wilson, D. M.] Univ Keele, Sch Chem & Phys, Astrophys Grp, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England.
[Christian, D. J.; Joshi, Y.; Pollacco, D.; Ryans, R.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland.
[Clarkson, W. I.] STScI, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Irwin, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Haswell, C. A.; Norton, A. J.; Parley, N.] Open Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England.
[Kane, S. R.] CALTECH, Michelson Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Lister, T. A.; Street, R. A.] Las Cumbres Observ, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 USA.
[Skillen, I.] Isaac Newton Grp Telescopes, E-38700 Tenerife, Spain.
[West, R. G.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
[Wheatley, P. J.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
RP Cameron, AC (reprint author), Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland.
EM acc4@st-and.ac.uk
RI Kane, Stephen/B-4798-2013;
OI Norton, Andrew/0000-0001-7619-8269; Scholz, Aleks/0000-0001-8993-5053;
Cameron, Andrew/0000-0002-8863-7828; Christian,
Damian/0000-0003-1746-3020; Wheatley, Peter/0000-0003-1452-2240
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science
Foundation
FX The WASP Consortium consists of representatives from the Universities of
Keele, Leicester, The Open University, Queens University Belfast and St
Andrews, along with the Isaac Newton Group (La Palma) and the Instituto
de Astrofisica de Canarias (Tenerife). The SuperWASP and WASP-S Cameras
were constructed and operated with funds made available from Consortium
Universities and PPARC/STFC. This publication makes use of data products
from the 2MASS, which is a joint project of the University of
Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California
Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research has
made use of the VizieR catalogue access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France.
We also thank the anonymous referee for insightful comments that led to
substantial improvements in our methodology.
NR 56
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD NOV 21
PY 2009
VL 400
IS 1
BP 451
EP 462
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15476.x
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 518QT
UT WOS:000271708900062
ER
PT J
AU Scolnic, DM
Riess, AG
Huber, ME
Rest, A
Stubbs, CW
Tonry, JL
AF Scolnic, Daniel M.
Riess, Adam G.
Huber, Mark E.
Rest, Armin
Stubbs, Christoper W.
Tonry, John L.
TI OPTICAL CROSS-CORRELATION FILTERS: AN ECONOMICAL APPROACH FOR
IDENTIFYING SNe Ia AND ESTIMATING THEIR REDSHIFTS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmology: observations; instrumentation: miscellaneous; supernovae:
general
ID PRELIMINARY SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; SUPERNOVA LEGACY SURVEY; ESSENCE PROJECT;
K-CORRECTIONS; SPECTROSCOPY; CLASSIFICATION; SELECTION; LAMBDA; 1994I
AB Large photometric surveys of transient phenomena, such as Panoramic Survey Telescope&Rapid Response System and Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, will locate thousands to millions of Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) candidates per year, a rate prohibitive for acquiring spectroscopy to determine each candidate's type and redshift. In response, we have developed an economical approach to identifying SNe Ia and their redshifts using an uncommon type of optical filter which has multiple, discontinuous passbands on a single substrate. Observation of a supernova through a specially designed pair of these "cross-correlation filters" measures the approximate amplitude and phase of the cross-correlation between the spectrum and a SN Ia template, a quantity typically used to determine the redshift and type of a high-redshift SN Ia. Simulating the use of these filters, we obtain a sample of SNe Ia which is similar to 98% pure with individual redshifts measured to sigma(z) = 0.01 precision. The advantages of this approach over standard broadband photometric methods are that it is insensitive to reddening, independent of the color data used for subsequent distance determinations which reduce selection or interpretation bias, and because it makes use of the spectral features its reliability is greater. A great advantage over long-slit spectroscopy comes from increased throughput, enhanced multiplexing, and reduced setup time resulting in a net gain in speed of up to similar to 30 times. This approach is also insensitive to host galaxy contamination. Prototype filters were built and successfully used on Magellan with LDSS-3 to characterize three SuperNova Legacy Survey candidates. We discuss how these filters can provide critical information for the upcoming photometric supernova surveys.
C1 [Scolnic, Daniel M.; Riess, Adam G.; Huber, Mark E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Rest, Armin; Stubbs, Christoper W.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Tonry, John L.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Scolnic, DM (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RI Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012
OI Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724
FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department
of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese
Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society
FX Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P.
Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science
Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck
Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS
Web site is http://www.sdss.org/. The SDSS is managed by the
Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions.
The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural
History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, Cambridge
University, Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago,
Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan
Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for
Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and
Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences
(LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, theMax-PlanckInstitute for
Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New
Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of
Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United
States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington. Facilities:
Magellan: Clay (LDSS-3), CFHT.f
NR 37
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 1
BP 94
EP 107
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/94
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 516JS
UT WOS:000271538900008
ER
PT J
AU Neufeld, DA
Nisini, B
Giannini, T
Melnick, GJ
Bergin, EA
Yuan, Y
Maret, S
Tolls, V
Gusten, R
Kaufman, MJ
AF Neufeld, David A.
Nisini, Brunella
Giannini, Teresa
Melnick, Gary J.
Bergin, Edwin A.
Yuan, Yuan
Maret, Sebastien
Tolls, Volker
Guesten, Rolf
Kaufman, Michael J.
TI SPITZER SPECTRAL LINE MAPPING OF PROTOSTELLAR OUTFLOWS. I. BASIC DATA
AND OUTFLOW ENERGETICS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM: abundances; ISM: clouds; ISM: molecules; molecular processes; shock
waves
ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; RHO-OPHIUCHI CLOUD; SMALL DARK CLOUDS; CEPHEUS-A
EAST; MOLECULAR OUTFLOW; STAR-FORMATION; SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS; BIPOLAR
OUTFLOW; SPACE-TELESCOPE; EXCITING SOURCE
AB We report the results of spectroscopic mapping observations carried out toward protostellar outflows in the BHR71, L1157, L1448, NGC 2071, and VLA 1623 molecular regions using the Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) of the Spitzer Space Telescope. These observations, covering the 5.2-37 mu m spectral region, provide detailed maps of the eight lowest pure rotational lines of molecular hydrogen and of the [S I] 25.25 mu m and [Fe II] 26.0 mu m fine-structure lines. The molecular hydrogen lines, believed to account for a large fraction of the radiative cooling from warm molecular gas that has been heated by a non-dissociative shock, allow the energetics of the outflows to be elucidated. Within the regions mapped toward these five outflow sources, total H(2) luminosities ranging from 0.02 to 0.75 L(circle dot) were inferred for the sum of the eight lowest pure rotational transitions. By contrast, the much weaker [Fe II] 26.0 mu m fine-structure transition traces faster, dissociative shocks; here, only a small fraction of the fast shock luminosity emerges as line radiation that can be detected with Spitzer/IRS.
C1 [Neufeld, David A.; Yuan, Yuan] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Nisini, Brunella; Giannini, Teresa] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy.
[Melnick, Gary J.; Tolls, Volker] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Bergin, Edwin A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Maret, Sebastien] Univ Grenoble 1, Observ Grenoble, CNRS, Lab Astrophys Grenoble,UMR 571, F-38041 Grenoble, France.
[Guesten, Rolf] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
[Kaufman, Michael J.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
RP Neufeld, DA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
OI Giannini, Teresa/0000-0002-0224-096X; , Brunella
Nisini/0000-0002-9190-0113; Maret, Sebastien/0000-0003-1104-4554
NR 60
TC 61
Z9 61
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 1
BP 170
EP 183
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/170
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 516JS
UT WOS:000271538900016
ER
PT J
AU Martinez-Sansigre, A
Karim, A
Schinnerer, E
Omont, A
Smith, DJB
Wu, JW
Hill, GJ
Klockner, HR
Lacy, M
Rawlings, S
Willott, CJ
AF Martinez-Sansigre, Alejo
Karim, Alexander
Schinnerer, Eva
Omont, Alain
Smith, Daniel J. B.
Wu, Jingwen
Hill, Gary J.
Kloeckner, Hans-Rainer
Lacy, Mark
Rawlings, Steve
Willott, Chris J.
TI MILLIMETER OBSERVATIONS OF A SAMPLE OF HIGH-REDSHIFT OBSCURED QUASARS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: active; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: nuclei; galaxies:
starburst; infrared: galaxies; quasars: general
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES;
SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; LUMINOUS SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES; COMPTON-THICK
QUASARS; AGN DUSTY TORI; STAR-FORMATION; TYPE-2 QUASARS; MOLECULAR GAS;
MIDINFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
AB We present observations at 1.2 mm with Max-Planck Millimetre Bolometer Array (MAMBO-II) of a sample of z greater than or similar to 2 radio-intermediate obscured quasars, as well as CO observations of two sources with the Plateau de Bure Interferometer. The typical rms noise achieved by the MAMBO observations is 0.55 mJy beam(-1) and five out of 21 sources (24%) are detected at a significance of >= 3 sigma. Stacking all sources leads to a statistical detection of < S(1.2 mm)> = 0.96 +/- 0.11 mJy and stacking only the non-detections also yields a statistical detection, with < S(1.2 mm)> = 0.51 +/- 0.13 mJy. At the typical redshift of the sample, z = 2, 1 mJy corresponds to a far-infrared luminosity L(FIR) similar to 4 x 10(12) L(circle dot). If the far-infrared luminosity is powered entirely by star formation, and not by active galactic nucleus heated dust, then the characteristic inferred star formation rate is similar to 700 M(circle dot) yr(-1). This far-infrared luminosity implies a dust mass of M(d) similar to 3 x 10(8) M(circle dot), which is expected to be distributed on similar to kpc scales. We estimate that such large dust masses on kpc scales can plausibly cause the obscuration of the quasars. Combining our observations at 1.2 mm with mid-and far-infrared data, and additional observations for two objects at 350 mu m using SHARC-II, we present dust spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for our sample and derive a mean SED for our sample. This mean SED is not well fitted by clumpy torus models, unless additional extinction and far-infrared re-emission due to cool dust are included. This additional extinction can be consistently achieved by the mass of cool dust responsible for the far-infrared emission, provided the bulk of the dust is within a radius similar to 2-3 kpc. Comparison of our sample to other samples of z similar to 2 quasars suggests that obscured quasars have, on average, higher far-infrared luminosities than unobscured quasars. There is a hint that the host galaxies of obscured quasars must have higher cool-dustmasses and are therefore often found at an earlier evolutionary phase than those of unobscured quasars. For one source at z = 2.767, we detect the CO(3-2) transition, with S(CO)Delta nu = 630 +/- 50 mJy km s(-1), corresponding to L(CO(3-2)) = 3.2 x 10(7) L(circle dot), or a brightness-temperature luminosity of L'(CO(3-2)) = 2.4 x 10(10) K km s(-1) pc(2). For another source at z = 4.17, the lack of detection of the CO(4-3) line suggests the line to have a brightness-temperature luminosity L'(CO(4-3)) < 1 x 10(10) K km s(-1) pc(2). Under the assumption that in these objects the high-J transitions are thermalized, we can estimate the molecular gas contents to be M(II2) = 1.9 x 10(10) M(circle dot) and < 8 x 10(9) M(circle dot), respectively. The estimated gas depletion timescales are tau(g) = 4 Myr and <16 Myr, and low gas-to-dust mass ratios of M(g)/M(d) = 19 and <20 are inferred. These values are at the low end but consistent with those of other high-redshift galaxies.
C1 [Martinez-Sansigre, Alejo; Karim, Alexander; Schinnerer, Eva] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Martinez-Sansigre, Alejo; Kloeckner, Hans-Rainer; Rawlings, Steve] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
[Omont, Alain] CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Omont, Alain] Univ Paris 06, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Smith, Daniel J. B.] Univ Nottingham, Ctr Astron & Particle Theory, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
[Wu, Jingwen] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Hill, Gary J.] Univ Texas Austin, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Lacy, Mark] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Willott, Chris J.] Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada.
RP Martinez-Sansigre, A (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
EM ams@astro.ox.ac.uk; karim@mpia.de; schinner@mpia.de; omont@iap.fr;
daniel.j.b.smith@gmail.com; jwu@cfa.harvard.edu;
hill@astro.as.utexas.edu; hrk@astro.ox.ac.uk; mlacy@ipac.caltech.edu;
sr@astro.ox.ac.uk; chris.willott@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca
OI Smith, Daniel/0000-0001-9708-253X; Schinnerer, Eva/0000-0002-3933-7677
FU Spitzer programs [GO-20705, GO-30634]; NASA
FX We thank the IRAM staff for help with the observations and data
reduction for this program. We are particularly grateful to Stephane
Leon for extensive help with the observations at the 30 m, Robert Zylka
for making the MOPSIC package publicly available, Jan Martin Winters for
help with the PdBI observations, Philippe Salome for help reducing the
PdBI data on AMS16 and Roberto Neri for use of his software. We also
thank Javier Rodon, Veronica Roccatagliata, and Aurora Sicilia-Aguilar
for help with software. We thank the support and assistance provided by
the CSO staff and SHARC-II team at Caltech during the observations and
data reduction. We are also grateful to the CLUMPY group16 for making
their models publicly available. This manuscriptwas improved by the
suggestions of an anonymous referee. The work was partially supported by
grants associated with Spitzer programs GO-20705 and GO-30634, and is
based on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is
operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology under a contract with NASA.
NR 77
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 1
BP 184
EP 202
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/184
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 516JS
UT WOS:000271538900017
ER
PT J
AU Hong, J
van den Berg, M
Grindlay, JE
Laycock, S
AF Hong, JaeSub
van den Berg, Maureen
Grindlay, Jonathan E.
Laycock, Silas
TI RADIAL DISTRIBUTION OF X-RAY POINT SOURCES NEAR THE GALACTIC CENTER
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Galaxy: bulge; Galaxy: center; stars: statistics; X-rays: binaries;
X-rays: stars
ID CHANDRA MULTIWAVELENGTH PROJECT; MILKY-WAY; CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES;
CATALOG; EMISSION; GALAXY; BINARIES; CLUSTER; BULGE; COUNTS
AB We present the log N-log S and spatial distributions of X-ray point sources in seven Galactic bulge (GB) fields within 4 degrees from the Galactic center (GC). We compare the properties of 1159 X-ray point sources discovered in our deep (100 ks) Chandra observations of three low extinction Window fields near the GC with the X-ray sources in the other GB fields centered around Sgr B2, Sgr C, the Arches Cluster, and Sgr A* using Chandra archival data. To reduce the systematic errors induced by the uncertain X-ray spectra of the sources coupled with field-and-distance-dependent extinction, we classify the X-ray sources using quantile analysis and estimate their fluxes accordingly. The result indicates that the GB X-ray population is highly concentrated at the center, more heavily than the stellar distribution models. It extends out to more than 1 degrees.4 from the GC, and the projected density follows an empirical radial relation inversely proportional to the offset from the GC. We also compare the total X-ray and infrared surface brightness using the Chandra and Spitzer observations of the regions. The radial distribution of the total infrared surface brightness from the 3.6 band mu m images appears to resemble the radial distribution of the X-ray point sources better than that predicted by the stellar distribution models. Assuming a simple power-law model for the X-ray spectra, the closer to the GC the intrinsically harder the X-ray spectra appear, but adding an iron emission line at 6.7 keV in the model allows the spectra of the GB X-ray sources to be largely consistent across the region. This implies that the majority of these GB X-ray sources can be of the same or similar type. Their X-ray luminosity and spectral properties support the idea that the most likely candidate is magnetic cataclysmic variables (CVs), primarily intermediate polars (IPs). Their observed number density is also consistent with the majority being IPs, provided the relative CV to star density in the GB is not smaller than the value in the local solar neighborhood.
C1 [Hong, JaeSub; van den Berg, Maureen; Grindlay, Jonathan E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Laycock, Silas] Gemini Observ, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
RP Hong, J (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM jaesub@head.cfa.harvard.edu
FU NASA/Chandra grants [GO6-7088X, GO7-8090X, GO8-9093X]
FX This work is supported in part by NASA/Chandra grants GO6-7088X,
GO7-8090X and GO8-9093X. We thank the referee for the insightful
comments and discussions.
NR 42
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 1
BP 223
EP 237
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/223
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 516JS
UT WOS:000271538900019
ER
PT J
AU Khan, SA
Chanial, PF
Willner, SP
Pearson, CP
Ashby, MLN
Benford, DJ
Clements, DL
Dye, S
Farrah, D
Fazio, GG
Huang, JS
Lebouteiller, V
Le Floc'h, E
Mainetti, G
Moseley, SH
Negrello, M
Serjeant, S
Shafer, RA
Staguhn, J
Sumner, TJ
Vaccari, M
AF Khan, Sophia A.
Chanial, Pierre F.
Willner, S. P.
Pearson, Chris P.
Ashby, M. L. N.
Benford, Dominic J.
Clements, David L.
Dye, Simon
Farrah, Duncan
Fazio, G. G.
Huang, J. -S.
Lebouteiller, V.
Le Floc'h, Emeric
Mainetti, Gabriele
Moseley, S. Harvey
Negrello, Mattia
Serjeant, Stephen
Shafer, Richard A.
Staguhn, Johannes
Sumner, Timothy J.
Vaccari, Mattia
TI ON THE NATURE OF THE FIRST GALAXIES SELECTED AT 350 mu m
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: starburst; infrared: galaxies;
submillimeter
ID SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; DEGREE EXTRAGALACTIC SURVEY; STAR-FORMING
GALAXIES; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; MULTIBAND IMAGING PHOTOMETER;
DEEP SUBMILLIMETER SURVEY; ARRAY CAMERA IRAC; 24 MICRON SOURCES;
HIGH-REDSHIFT; SHARC-II
AB We present constraints on the nature of the first galaxies selected at 350 mu m. The sample includes galaxies discovered in the deepest blank-field survey at 350 mu m (in the Bootes Deep Field) and also later serendipitous detections in the Lockman Hole. In determining multiwavelength identifications, the 350 mu m position and map resolution of the second generation Submillimeter High Angular Resolution Camera are critical, especially in the cases where multiple radio sources exist and the 24 mu m counterparts are unresolved. Spectral energy distribution templates are fitted to identified counterparts, and the sample is found to comprise IR-luminous galaxies at 1 < z < 3 predominantly powered by star formation. The first spectrum of a 350 mu m selected galaxy provides an additional confirmation, showing prominent dust grain features typically associated with star-forming galaxies. Compared to submillimeter galaxies selected at 850 and 1100 mu m, galaxies selected at 350 mu m have a similar range of far-infrared color temperatures. However, no 350 mu m selected sources are reliably detected at 850 or 1100 mu m. Galaxies in our sample with redshifts 1 < z < 2 show a tight correlation between the far-and mid-infrared flux densities, but galaxies at higher redshifts show a large dispersion in their mid-to far-infrared colors. This implies a limit to which the mid-IR emission traces the far-IR emission in star-forming galaxies. The 350 mu m flux densities (15 < S(350) < 40 mJy) place these objects near the Herschel/SPIRE 350 mu m confusion threshold, with the lower limit on the star formation rate density suggesting the bulk of the 350 mu m contribution will come from less luminous infrared sources and normal galaxies. Therefore, the nature of the dominant source of the 350 mu m background-star-forming galaxies in the epoch of peak star formation in the universe-could be more effectively probed using ground-based instruments with their angular resolution and sensitivity offering significant advantages over space-based imaging.
C1 [Khan, Sophia A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santiago 22, Chile.
[Khan, Sophia A.; Chanial, Pierre F.; Clements, David L.; Sumner, Timothy J.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Khan, Sophia A.; Benford, Dominic J.; Moseley, S. Harvey; Shafer, Richard A.; Staguhn, Johannes] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Observat Cosmol Lab Code 665, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Khan, Sophia A.; Willner, S. P.; Ashby, M. L. N.; Fazio, G. G.; Huang, J. -S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Khan, Sophia A.; Huang, J. -S.] Shanghai Normal Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Astrophys, Shanghai 200234, Peoples R China.
[Pearson, Chris P.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
[Pearson, Chris P.] Univ Lethbridge, Dept Phys, Lethbridge, AB T1J 1B1, Canada.
[Dye, Simon] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales.
[Farrah, Duncan] Univ Sussex, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England.
[Farrah, Duncan; Lebouteiller, V.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Le Floc'h, Emeric] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96815 USA.
[Mainetti, Gabriele; Vaccari, Mattia] Univ Padua, Dept Astron, I-35122 Padua, Italy.
[Negrello, Mattia; Serjeant, Stephen] Open Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England.
[Staguhn, Johannes] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Khan, SA (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 4860 Vicuna Mackenna,Casilla 306, Santiago 22, Chile.
RI Benford, Dominic/D-4760-2012; Moseley, Harvey/D-5069-2012; Vaccari,
Mattia/R-3431-2016
OI Benford, Dominic/0000-0002-9884-4206; Vaccari,
Mattia/0000-0002-6748-0577
FU NSF [AST-0229008]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
FONDECYT [Proyecto 1070992]; ALMA-Conicyt
FX Facilities: CSO, Spitzer, UKIRT, Subaru, VLA, IRAM/MAMBO
NR 71
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 1
BP 319
EP 327
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/319
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 516JS
UT WOS:000271538900024
ER
PT J
AU Sanna, A
Reid, MJ
Moscadelli, L
Dame, TM
Menten, KM
Brunthaler, A
Zheng, XW
Xu, Y
AF Sanna, A.
Reid, M. J.
Moscadelli, L.
Dame, T. M.
Menten, K. M.
Brunthaler, A.
Zheng, X. W.
Xu, Y.
TI TRIGONOMETRIC PARALLAXES OF MASSIVE STAR-FORMING REGIONS. VII.
G9.62+0.20 AND THE EXPANDING 3 kpc ARM
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE astrochemistry; Galaxy: fundamental parameters; Galaxy: kinematics and
dynamics; masers; stars: formation; techniques: high angular resolution
ID GHZ METHANOL MASERS; ULTRACOMPACT HII-REGIONS; MILKY-WAY; MOLECULAR
CLOUDS; INNER GALAXY; CO SURVEY; VLBI OBSERVATIONS; HIGH-RESOLUTION;
EMISSION; HOT
AB We report a trigonometric parallax of 12 GHz methanol masers associated with the massive star-forming region G9.62+0.20, corresponding to a distance of 5.2(-0.6)(+0.6) kpc. With an LSR velocity of about 2 km s(-1), the region's kinematic distances of 0.5 and 16 kpc differ greatly from the distance derived here. Our measurement of the peculiar motion of the star-forming region shows a very large deviation from a circular Galactic orbit: 41 km s(-1) radially outward from the Galactic center and 60 km s(-1) counter to Galactic rotation. The combination of its radial velocity and distance places G9.62+0.20 in the inner region of the Galaxy close to the expanding near 3 kpc arm, where the bulge/bar potential has strong gravitational influence. We also map the distribution of 12 GHz methanol masers, locate them with respect to a hypercompact H II region, and compare our data with the periodic flare phenomenon reported previously for this source.
C1 [Sanna, A.] Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Fis, I-09042 Cagliari, Italy.
[Sanna, A.] Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, INAF, I-09012 Capoterra, CA, Italy.
[Sanna, A.; Reid, M. J.; Dame, T. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Moscadelli, L.] Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, INAF, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
[Menten, K. M.; Brunthaler, A.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
[Zheng, X. W.] Nanjing Univ, Dept Astron, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China.
[Xu, Y.] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China.
RP Sanna, A (reprint author), Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Fis, SP Monserrato Sestu Km 0-7, I-09042 Cagliari, Italy.
EM asanna@ca.astro.it
OI Moscadelli, Luca/0000-0002-8517-8881
FU Chinese NSF [NSF 10673024, NSF 10733030, NSF 10703010, NSF 10621303]
FX We are very grateful toL. Testi and collaborators for providing the Very
Large Array (VLA) continuum map of G9.62+0.20. Y.X. was supported by the
Chinese NSF through grants NSF 10673024, NSF 10733030, NSF 10703010, and
NSF 10621303.
NR 42
TC 41
Z9 42
U1 2
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 1
BP 464
EP 470
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/464
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 516JS
UT WOS:000271538900036
ER
PT J
AU Li, JT
Wang, QD
Li, ZY
Chen, Y
AF Li, Jiang-Tao
Wang, Q. Daniel
Li, Zhiyuan
Chen, Yang
TI DYNAMIC S0 GALAXIES: A CASE STUDY OF NGC 5866
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies: general; galaxies:
individual (NGC 5866); galaxies: ISM
ID TULLY-FISHER RELATION; STAR-FORMATION; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; ELLIPTIC
GALAXIES; EXTRAPLANAR DUST; IONIZED-GAS; SPITZER OBSERVATIONS;
LENTICULAR GALAXIES; NEARBY GALAXIES; H-I
AB S0 galaxies are often thought to be passively evolved from spirals after star formation is quenched. To explore what is actually occurring in such galaxies, we present a multi-wavelength case study of NGC 5866-a nearby edge-on S0 galaxy in a relatively isolated environment. This study shows strong evidence for dynamic activities in the interstellar medium, which are most likely driven by supernova explosions in the galactic disk and bulge. Understanding these activities can have strong implications for studying the evolution of such galaxies. We utilize Chandra, Hubble Space Telescope, and Spitzer data as well as ground-based observations to characterize the content, structure, and physical state of the medium and its interplay with the stellar component in NGC 5866. A cold gas disk is detected with an exponential scale height of similar to 10(2) pc. Numerous distinct off-disk dusty spurs are also clearly present: prominent ones can extend as far as similar to 3 x 10(2) pc from the galactic plane and are probably produced by individual SNe, whereas faint filaments can have similar to kpc scale and are likely produced by SNe collectively in the disk/bulge. We also detect substantial amounts of diffuse H alpha- and P alpha-emitting gas with a comparable scale height as the cold gas. We find that the heating of the dust and warm ionized gas cannot be explained by the radiation from evolved stars alone, strongly indicating the presence of young stars in the galactic disk, though at a slow formation rate of similar to 0.05 M(circle dot) yr(-1). We further reveal the presence of diffuse X-ray-emitting hot gas, which extends as far as 3.5 kpc away from the galactic plane and can be heated easily by Type Ia SNe in the bulge. However, the mean temperature of this gas is similar to 0.2 keV, substantially lower than what might be expected from the mass loss of evolved stars and Type Ia SNe heating alone in the galaxy, indicating that the mass loading from the cool gas is important. The total masses of the cold, warm ionized, and hot gases are similar to 5 x 10(8) M(circle dot), 4 x 10(4) M(circle dot), and 3 x 10(7) M(circle dot), respectively. The relative richness of the gases, apparently undergoing circulations between the disk and halo of the galaxy, is perhaps a result of its relative isolation.
C1 [Li, Jiang-Tao; Chen, Yang] Nanjing Univ, Dept Astron, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China.
[Li, Jiang-Tao; Wang, Q. Daniel; Li, Zhiyuan] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Li, Zhiyuan] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Li, JT (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Dept Astron, 22 Hankou Rd, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China.
OI Li, Jiang-Tao/0000-0001-6239-3821
FU NASA through the CXC/SAO [AR7-8016A, G08-9088B]; NSFC [10725312,
10673003]; China 973 Program [2009CB824800]; China Scholarship Council
FX This work is supported by NASA through the CXC/SAO grants AR7-8016A and
G08-9088B by NSFC through the grants 10725312 and 10673003 and the China
973 Program grant 2009CB824800, and by China Scholarship Council.
NR 63
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 1
BP 693
EP 704
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/693
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 516JS
UT WOS:000271538900056
ER
PT J
AU Woudt, PA
Steeghs, D
Karovska, M
Warner, B
Groot, PJ
Nelemans, G
Roelofs, GHA
Marsh, TR
Nagayama, T
Smits, DP
O'Brien, T
AF Woudt, P. A.
Steeghs, D.
Karovska, M.
Warner, B.
Groot, P. J.
Nelemans, G.
Roelofs, G. H. A.
Marsh, T. R.
Nagayama, T.
Smits, D. P.
O'Brien, T.
TI THE EXPANDING BIPOLAR SHELL OF THE HELIUM NOVA V445 PUPPIS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE instrumentation: adaptive optics; novae, cataclysmic variables; stars:
individual (V445 Puppis)
ID X-RAY SOURCES; MASSIVE WHITE-DWARF; IA SUPERNOVAE; PLANETARY-NEBULAE; RS
OPHIUCHI; STARS; PROGENITORS; V445-PUPPIS; 1ST; SPECTROSCOPY
AB From multi-epoch adaptive optics imaging and integral field unit spectroscopy, we report the discovery of an expanding and narrowly confined bipolar shell surrounding the helium nova V445 Puppis (Nova Puppis 2000). An equatorial dust disc obscures the nova remnant, and the outflow is characterized by a large polar outflow velocity of 6720 +/- 650 km s(-1) and knots moving at even larger velocities of 8450 +/- 570 km s(-1). We derive an expansion parallax distance of 8.2 +/- 0.5 kpc and deduce a pre-outburst luminosity of the underlying binary of log L/L-circle dot = 4.34 +/- 0.36. The derived luminosity suggests that V445 Puppis probably contains a massive white dwarf accreting at high rate from a helium star companion making it part of a population of binary stars that potentially lead to supernova Ia explosions due to accumulation of helium-rich material on the surface of a massive white dwarf.
C1 [Woudt, P. A.; Warner, B.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Astron, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa.
[Steeghs, D.; Marsh, T. R.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
[Steeghs, D.; Karovska, M.; Roelofs, G. H. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Groot, P. J.; Nelemans, G.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
[Nagayama, T.] Kyoto Univ, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.
[Smits, D. P.] Univ S Africa, Dept Math Sci, UNISA, ZA-0003 Pretoria, South Africa.
[O'Brien, T.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observ, Macclesfield SK11 9DL, Cheshire, England.
[Warner, B.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
RP Woudt, PA (reprint author), Univ Cape Town, Dept Astron, Private Bag X3, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa.
EM Patrick.Woudt@uct.ac.za
RI Nelemans, Gijs/D-3177-2012; Steeghs, Danny/C-5468-2009; Groot,
Paul/K-4391-2016
OI Nelemans, Gijs/0000-0002-0752-2974; Steeghs, Danny/0000-0003-0771-4746;
Groot, Paul/0000-0002-4488-726X
FU National Research Foundation; University of Cape Town; Smithsonian
Astrophysical Observatory Clay fellowship; STFC Advanced Fellowship;
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory under NASA [NAS8-03060]
FX We kindly acknowledge Tetsuya Nagata for scheduling the IRSF
observations of V445 Puppis and thank all the service observers for
their observations. The VLT observation of V445 Puppis was also
performed in service mode and we kindly thank the service observers for
their efforts in obtaining these data. P. A. W. and B. W. acknowledge
the National Research Foundation and the University of Cape Town for
financial support. D. S. acknowledges a Smithsonian Astrophysical
Observatory Clay fellowship and a STFC Advanced Fellowship. M. K. is a
member of the Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian
Astrophysical Observatory under NASA Contract NAS8-03060. We thank the
Harvard College Observatory plate curator for access to the plate
stacks. We thank the referee for the useful comments given.
NR 58
TC 63
Z9 63
U1 1
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 1
BP 738
EP 746
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/738
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 516JS
UT WOS:000271538900060
ER
PT J
AU Hartman, JD
Bakos, GA
Torres, G
Kovacs, G
Noyes, RW
Pal, A
Latham, DW
Sipocz, B
Fischer, DA
Johnson, JA
Marcy, GW
Butler, RP
Howard, AW
Esquerdo, GA
Sasselov, DD
Kovacs, G
Stefanik, RP
Fernandez, JM
Lazar, J
Papp, I
Sari, P
AF Hartman, J. D.
Bakos, G. A.
Torres, G.
Kovacs, Geza
Noyes, R. W.
Pal, A.
Latham, D. W.
Sipocz, B.
Fischer, D. A.
Johnson, J. A.
Marcy, G. W.
Butler, R. P.
Howard, A. W.
Esquerdo, G. A.
Sasselov, D. D.
Kovacs, Gabor
Stefanik, R. P.
Fernandez, J. M.
Lazar, J.
Papp, I.
Sari, P.
TI HAT-P-12b: A LOW-DENSITY SUB-SATURN MASS PLANET TRANSITING A METAL-POOR
K DWARF
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE planetary systems; stars: individual (HAT-P-12, GSC 03033-00706);
techniques: photometric; techniques: spectroscopic
ID SPIN-ORBIT ALIGNMENT; EXOPLANET HD 149026B; LOWER MAIN-SEQUENCE; HOT
JUPITER; EVOLUTIONARY MODELS; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; BRIGHT STAR; COLOR
TRANSFORMATIONS; PHOTOMETRIC SYSTEMS; FIELD
AB We report on the discovery of HAT-P-12b, a transiting extrasolar planet orbiting the moderately bright V approximate to 12.8 K4 dwarf GSC 03033-00706, with a period P = 3.2130598 +/- 0.0000021 d, transit epoch T(c) = 2454419.19556 +/- 0.00020 (BJD), and transit duration 0.0974 +/- 0.0006 d. The host star has a mass of 0.73 +/- 0.02 M(circle dot), radius of 0.70(-0.01)(+0.02) R(circle dot), effective temperature 4650 +/- 60 K, and metallicity [Fe/H] = -0.29 +/- 0.05. We find a slight correlation between the observed spectral line bisector spans and the radial velocity, so we consider, and rule out, various blend configurations including a blend with a background eclipsing binary, and hierarchical triple systems where the eclipsing body is a star or a planet. We conclude that a model consisting of a single star with a transiting planet best fits the observations, and show that a likely explanation for the apparent correlation is contamination from scattered moonlight. Based on this model, the planetary companion has a mass of 0.211 +/- 0.012 M(J) and radius of 0.959(-0.021)(+0.029) R(J) yielding a mean density of 0.295 +/- 0.025 g cm(-3). Comparing these observations with recent theoretical models, we find that HAT-P-12b is consistent with a similar to 1-4.5 Gyr, mildly irradiated, H/He-dominated planet with a core mass M(C) less than or similar to 10 M(circle plus). HAT-P-12b is thus the least massive H/He-dominated gas giant planet found to date. This record was previously held by Saturn.
C1 [Hartman, J. D.; Bakos, G. A.; Torres, G.; Noyes, R. W.; Pal, A.; Latham, D. W.; Sipocz, B.; Esquerdo, G. A.; Sasselov, D. D.; Kovacs, Gabor; Stefanik, R. P.; Fernandez, J. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Kovacs, Geza; Pal, A.] Konkoly Observ Budapest, Budapest, Hungary.
[Pal, A.; Sipocz, B.] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Astron, Budapest, Hungary.
[Fischer, D. A.] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA.
[Johnson, J. A.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Marcy, G. W.; Howard, A. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Butler, R. P.] Carnegie Inst Washington, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20005 USA.
[Fernandez, J. M.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile.
[Lazar, J.; Papp, I.; Sari, P.] Hungarian Astron Assoc, Budapest, Hungary.
RP Hartman, JD (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM gbakos@cfa.harvard.edu
RI Butler, Robert/B-1125-2009; Howard, Andrew/D-4148-2015;
OI Howard, Andrew/0000-0001-8638-0320; Hartman, Joel/0000-0001-8732-6166;
Fischer, Debra/0000-0003-2221-0861
FU NASA [NNG04GN74G, NNX08AF23G]; SAO IRD; NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics
Program [AST-0702843, AST-0702821]; Kepler Mission [NCC2-1390];
Hungarian Scientific Research Foundation (OTKA) [K-60750]; NOAO; U.S.
Government [NAG W-2166]
FX We thank the referee, Peter McCullough, for several suggestions that
improved the quality of this paper, and Scott Gaudi for a helpful
discussion. HATNet operations have been funded by NASA grants
NNG04GN74G, NNX08AF23G, and SAO IR&D grants. Work of G.A.B. and J.
Johnson were supported by the Postdoctoral Fellowship of the NSF
Astronomy and Astrophysics Program (AST-0702843 and AST-0702821,
respectively). We acknowledge partial support also from the Kepler
Mission under NASA Cooperative Agreement NCC2-1390 (D. W. L., PI). G. K.
thanks the Hungarian Scientific Research Foundation (OTKA) for support
through grant K-60750. This research has made use of Keck telescope time
granted through NOAO and NASA. The Digitized Sky Surveys were produced
at the Space Telescope Science Institute under U.S. Government grant NAG
W-2166. The images of these surveys are based on photographic data
obtained using the Oschin Schmidt Telescope on Palomar Mountain and the
UK Schmidt Telescope. The plates were processed into the present
compressed digital form with the permission of these institutions. This
research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS,
Strasbourg, France.
NR 73
TC 53
Z9 53
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 1
BP 785
EP 796
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/785
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 516JS
UT WOS:000271538900064
ER
PT J
AU Trump, JR
Impey, CD
Taniguchi, Y
Brusa, M
Civano, F
Elvis, M
Gabor, JM
Jahnke, K
Kelly, BC
Koekemoer, AM
Nagao, T
Salvato, M
Shioya, Y
Capak, P
Huchra, JP
Kartaltepe, JS
Lanzuisi, G
McCarthy, PJ
Maineri, V
Scoville, NZ
AF Trump, Jonathan R.
Impey, Chris D.
Taniguchi, Yoshi
Brusa, Marcella
Civano, Francesca
Elvis, Martin
Gabor, Jared M.
Jahnke, Knud
Kelly, Brandon C.
Koekemoer, Anton M.
Nagao, Tohru
Salvato, Mara
Shioya, Yasuhiro
Capak, Peter
Huchra, John P.
Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S.
Lanzuisi, Giorgio
McCarthy, Patrick J.
Maineri, Vincenzo
Scoville, Nick Z.
TI THE NATURE OF OPTICALLY DULL ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI IN COSMOS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion disks; black hole physics; galaxies: active;
galaxies: nuclei; X-rays: galaxies
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; DEEP FIELD-NORTH; X-RAY-BRIGHT; SPECTRAL
ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; BROAD-LINE REGION;
HELLAS2XMM SURVEY; SOURCE POPULATION; EDDINGTON RATIOS; SOURCE CATALOGS
AB We present infrared, optical, and X-ray data of 48 X-ray bright, optically dull active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the COSMOS field. These objects exhibit the X-ray luminosity of an AGN but lack broad and narrow emission lines in their optical spectrum. We show that despite the lack of optical emission lines, most of these optically dull AGNs are not well described by a typical passive red galaxy spectrum: instead they exhibit weak but significant blue emission like an unobscured AGN. Photometric observations over several years additionally show significant variability in the blue emission of four optically dull AGNs. The nature of the blue and infrared emission suggest that the optically inactive appearance of these AGNs cannot be caused by obscuration intrinsic to the AGNs. Instead, up to similar to 70% of optically dull AGNs are diluted by their hosts, with bright or simply edge-on hosts lying preferentially within the spectroscopic aperture. The remaining similar to 30% of optically dull AGNs have anomalously high f(X)/f(O) ratios and are intrinsically weak, not obscured, in the optical. These optically dull AGNs are best described as a weakly accreting AGN with a truncated accretion disk from a radiatively inefficient accretion flow.
C1 [Trump, Jonathan R.; Impey, Chris D.; Gabor, Jared M.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Taniguchi, Yoshi; Nagao, Tohru; Shioya, Yasuhiro] Ehime Univ, Res Ctr Space & Cosm Evolut, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan.
[Brusa, Marcella] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Civano, Francesca; Elvis, Martin; Kelly, Brandon C.; Huchra, John P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Jahnke, Knud] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Koekemoer, Anton M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Salvato, Mara; Capak, Peter; Scoville, Nick Z.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Lanzuisi, Giorgio] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[McCarthy, Patrick J.] Carnegie Inst Washington Observ, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA.
[Maineri, Vincenzo] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
RP Trump, JR (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RI Lanzuisi, Giorgio/K-4378-2013;
OI Lanzuisi, Giorgio/0000-0001-9094-0984; Jahnke, Knud/0000-0003-3804-2137;
Koekemoer, Anton/0000-0002-6610-2048; Brusa,
Marcella/0000-0002-5059-6848
FU NSF ADP [NNX08AJ28G]; ARCS fellowship; NSF-EAPSI/JSPS; NASA through the
Hubble Fellowship [HF-01220.01]; Space Telescope Science Institute [NAS
5-26555]
FX J.R.T. acknowledges support from NSF ADP grant NNX08AJ28G, an ARCS
fellowship, and an NSF-EAPSI/JSPS summer research fellowship. B. C. K.
acknowledges support from NASA through the Hubble Fellowship grant
HF-01220.01 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is
operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy,
Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. We thank J. Rigby for
comments on the axis ratios of AGN host galaxies, and A. Diamond-Stanic
for help regarding line luminosity measurements. We additionally thank
the anonymous referee for several suggestions which improved the quality
of this paper.
NR 72
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 7
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 1
BP 797
EP 809
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/797
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 516JS
UT WOS:000271538900065
ER
PT J
AU Cranmer, SR
AF Cranmer, Steven R.
TI TESTING MODELS OF ACCRETION-DRIVEN CORONAL HEATING AND STELLAR WIND
ACCELERATION FOR T TAURI STARS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE accretion, accretion disks; stars: coronae; stars: mass loss; stars:
pre-main sequence; turbulence; X-rays: stars
ID X-RAY-EMISSION; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; 3-DIMENSIONAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC
SIMULATIONS; OPTICALLY THIN PLASMAS; NEWTON EXTENDED SURVEY; RADIATIVE
SHOCK-WAVES; ORION NEBULA CLUSTER; DISK ACCRETION; SOLAR-WIND;
MAGNETIC-FIELDS
AB Classical T Tauri stars are pre-main-sequence objects that undergo simultaneous accretion, wind outflow, and coronal X-ray emission. The impact of plasma on the stellar surface from magnetospheric accretion streams is likely to be a dominant source of energy and momentum in the upper atmospheres of these stars. This paper presents a set of models for the dynamics and heating of three distinct regions on T Tauri stars that are affected by accretion: (1) the shocked plasmas directly beneath the magnetospheric accretion streams, (2) stellar winds that are accelerated along open magnetic flux tubes, and (3) closed magnetic loops that resemble the Sun's coronal active regions. For the loops, a self-consistent model of coronal heating was derived from numerical simulations of solar field-line tangling and turbulent dissipation. Individual models are constructed for the properties of 14 well-observed stars in the Taurus-Auriga star-forming region. Predictions for the wind mass-loss rates are, on average, slightly lower than the observations, which suggests that disk winds or X-winds may also contribute to the measured outflows. For some of the stars, however, the modeled stellar winds do appear to contribute significantly to the measured mass fluxes. Predictions for X-ray luminosities from the shocks and loops are in general agreement with existing observations. The stars with the highest accretion rates tend to have X-ray luminosities dominated by the high-temperature (5-10 MK) loops. The X-ray luminosities for the stars having lower accretion rates are dominated by the cooler accretion shocks.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Cranmer, SR (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM scranmer@cfa.harvard.edu
FU Sprague Fund of the Smithsonian Institution Research Endowment; National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNG04GE77G]
FX I gratefully acknowledge Nancy Brickhouse, Adriaan van Ballegooijen, and
Andrea Dupree for many valuable discussions, as well as Sean Matt for
helping me discover an error in an earlier version of this paper. This
work was supported by the Sprague Fund of the Smithsonian Institution
Research Endowment, and by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) under grant NNG04GE77G to the Smithsonian
Astrophysical Observatory.
NR 170
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 1
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 1
BP 824
EP 843
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/824
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 516JS
UT WOS:000271538900067
ER
PT J
AU Wuyts, S
van Dokkum, PG
Franx, M
Schreiber, NMF
Illingworth, GD
Labbe, I
Rudnick, G
AF Wuyts, Stijn
van Dokkum, Pieter G.
Franx, Marijn
Schreiber, Natascha M. Foerster
Illingworth, Garth D.
Labbe, Ivo
Rudnick, Gregory
TI OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY OF DISTANT RED GALAXIES
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: distances and redshifts; galaxies: high-redshift; infrared:
galaxies
ID DEEP-FIELD-SOUTH; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; KECK-II-TELESCOPE; REDSHIFT
Z-SIMILAR-TO-2; STELLAR POPULATIONS; PASSIVE GALAXIES; MASSIVE GALAXIES;
GOODS-SOUTH; CATALOG; Z-GREATER-THAN-2
AB We present optical spectroscopic follow-up of a sample of distant red galaxies (DRGs) with K(s,Vega)(tot) 22.5, selected by (J-K)(Vega) > 2.3, in the Hubble Deep Field South (HDFS), the MS 1054-03 field, and the Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS). Spectroscopic redshifts were obtained for 15 DRGs. Only two out of 15 DRGs are located at z 2, suggesting a high efficiency to select high-redshift sources. From other spectroscopic surveys in the CDFS targeting intermediate to high-redshift populations selected with different criteria, we find spectroscopic redshifts for a further 30 DRGs. We use the sample of spectroscopically confirmed DRGs to establish the high quality (scatter in Delta z/(1+z) of similar to 0.05) of their photometric redshifts in the considered deep fields, as derived with EAZY. Combining the spectroscopic and photometric redshifts, we find that 74% of DRGs with K(s,Vega)(tot) 22.5 lie at z > 2. The combined spectroscopic and photometric sample is used to analyze the distinct intrinsic and observed properties of DRGs at z 2 and z > 2. In our photometric sample to K(s,Vega)(tot) 22.5, low-redshift DRGs are brighter in K(s) than high-redshift DRGs by 0.7 mag, and more extincted by 1.2 mag in AV. Our analysis shows that the DRG criterion selects galaxies with different properties at different redshifts. Such biases can be largely avoided by selecting galaxies based on their rest-frame properties, which requires very good multi-band photometry and high quality photometric redshifts.
C1 [Wuyts, Stijn] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[van Dokkum, Pieter G.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Franx, Marijn] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
[Schreiber, Natascha M. Foerster] MPE, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Illingworth, Garth D.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, UCO Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Rudnick, Gregory] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
RP Wuyts, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
OI Labbe, Ivo/0000-0002-2057-5376
FU W. M. Keck Foundation; European Southern Observatory, Paranal, Chile
[169.A-0458, 170.A-0788, 074.A0709, 275.A-5060, 171.A-3045]; Association
of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative
agreement with NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership [GS-2003B-Q6];
California Institute of Technology; University of California; National
Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX We thank Lin Yan, Dario Fadda, Mariska Kriek, Jaron Kurk, Andrea
Cimatti, and the GMASS consortium for providing their spectroscopic
redshift lists, and Gabe Brammer for his support with EAZY. S. W.
gratefully acknowledges support from the W. M. Keck Foundation. Based on
observations carried out at the European Southern Observatory, Paranal,
Chile (Program IDs 169.A-0458, 170.A-0788, 074.A0709, 275.A-5060,
171.A-3045). Based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory
(Program ID GS-2003B-Q6), which is operated by the Association of
Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative
agreement with NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership. This is also
based on data obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated
as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of
Technology, the University of California and the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the
generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation.
NR 54
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 1
BP 885
EP 895
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/885
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 516JS
UT WOS:000271538900072
ER
PT J
AU Cen, RY
McDonald, P
Trac, H
Loeb, A
AF Cen, Renyue
McDonald, Patrick
Trac, Hy
Loeb, Abraham
TI PROBING THE EPOCH OF REIONIZATION WITH THE Ly alpha FOREST AT z similar
to 4-5
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: high-redshift; hydrodynamics; intergalactic medium;
large-scale structure of universe; quasars: absorption lines; radiative
transfer
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; IONIZING-RADIATION FLUCTUATIONS; INTERGALACTIC
MEDIUM; POWER SPECTRUM; STAR-FORMATION; COSMOLOGICAL REIONIZATION;
HYDROGEN REIONIZATION; COSMIC REIONIZATION; Z-SIMILAR-TO-6; EVOLUTION
AB The inhomogeneous cosmological reionization process leaves tangible imprints in the intergalactic medium (IGM) down to z similar to 4-5. The Ly alpha forest flux power spectrum provides a potentially powerful probe of the epoch of reionization. With the existing Sloan Digital Sky Survey I/II quasar sample, we show that two cosmological reionization scenarios, one completing reionization at z = 6 and the other at z = 9, can be distinguished at similar to 7 sigma level by utilizing Ly alpha forest absorption spectra at z = 3.9-4.1 in the absence of other physical processes that may also affect the Lya flux power spectrum. The difference may not be distinguishable at such high significance after marginalization over other effects, but, in any case, one will need to consider this effect in order to correctly interpret the power spectrum in this redshift range. The redshift range z = 4-5 may provide the best window because there are still enough transmitted flux and quasars to measure precise statistics of the flux fluctuations, and the IGM still retains a significant amount of memory of reionization.
C1 [Cen, Renyue] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[McDonald, Patrick] Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada.
[Trac, Hy; Loeb, Abraham] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Cen, RY (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RI Trac, Hy/N-8838-2014
OI Trac, Hy/0000-0001-6778-3861
FU NASA [NNG06GI09G, NNX08AH31G]; Institute for Theory and Computation
FX We thank J. Chang at NASA for invaluable supercomputing support. This
work is supported in part by NASA grants NNG06GI09G and NNX08AH31G.
Computing resources were in part provided by the NASA High-End Computing
(HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at
Ames Research Center. P. M. acknowledges support of the Beatrice D.
Tremaine Fellowship. H. T. is supported by an Institute for Theory and
Computation Fellowship.
NR 31
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD NOV 20
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 1
BP L164
EP L167
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/L164
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 516HP
UT WOS:000271533200034
ER
PT J
AU Ng, CY
Gaensler, BM
Murray, SS
Slane, PO
Park, S
Staveley-Smith, L
Manchester, RN
Burrows, DN
AF Ng, C. -Y.
Gaensler, B. M.
Murray, S. S.
Slane, P. O.
Park, S.
Staveley-Smith, L.
Manchester, R. N.
Burrows, D. N.
TI HIGH-RESOLUTION X-RAY IMAGING OF SUPERNOVA REMNANT 1987A
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE circumstellar matter; shock waves; stars: neutron; supernova remnants;
supernovae: individual (SN, 1987A); X-rays: general
ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; TRIPLE-RING NEBULA; SN 1987A; NEUTRON-STAR;
EVOLUTION; SN-1987A; PULSAR; CONSTRAINTS; EVENTS; LIMITS
AB We report observations of the remnant of supernova 1987A with the High Resolution Camera (HRC) on board the Chandra X-ray Observatory. A direct image from the HRC resolves the annular structure of the X-ray remnant, confirming the morphology previously inferred by deconvolution of lower resolution data from the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer. Detailed spatial modeling shows that a thin ring plus a thin shell gives statistically the best description of the overall remnant structure, and suggests an outer radius of 0.'' 96 +/- 0.'' 05 +/- 0.'' 03 for the X-ray-emitting region, with the two uncertainties corresponding to the statistical and systematic errors, respectively. This is very similar to the radius determined by a similar modeling technique for the radio shell at a comparable epoch, in contrast to previous claims that the remnant is 10%-15% smaller at X-rays than in the radio band. The HRC observations put a flux limit of 0.010 counts s(-1) (99% confidence level, 0.08-10 keV range) on any compact source at the remnant center. Assuming the same foreground neutral hydrogen column density as toward the remnant, this allows us to rule out an unobscured neutron star with surface temperature T(infinity) > 2.5 MK observed at infinity, a bright pulsar wind nebula or a magnetar.
C1 [Ng, C. -Y.; Gaensler, B. M.] Univ Sydney, Sydney Inst Astron, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Murray, S. S.; Slane, P. O.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Park, S.; Burrows, D. N.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Staveley-Smith, L.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Phys, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
[Manchester, R. N.] CSIRO, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Marsfield, NSW 1710, Australia.
RP Ng, CY (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sydney Inst Astron, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
EM ncy@physics.usyd.edu.au
RI Gaensler, Bryan/F-8655-2010; Staveley-Smith, Lister/A-1683-2011; Ng, Chi
Yung/A-7639-2013;
OI Staveley-Smith, Lister/0000-0002-8057-0294; Ng, Chi
Yung/0000-0002-5847-2612; Gaensler, Bryan/0000-0002-3382-9558
FU Australian Research Council [FF0561298]; NASA [NAS 538248]
FX We thank Svetozar Zhekov and Dima Yakovlev for useful discussions.
C.-Y.N. and B. M. G. acknowledge the support of the Australian Research
Council through grant FF0561298. This work was supported in part through
NASA Contract NAS 538248.
NR 35
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD NOV 20
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 1
BP L100
EP L105
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/L100
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 516HP
UT WOS:000271533200021
ER
PT J
AU van Kempen, TA
Wilner, D
Gurwell, M
AF van Kempen, T. A.
Wilner, D.
Gurwell, M.
TI 183 GHz H2O MASER EMISSION AROUND THE LOW-MASS PROTOSTAR SERPENS SMM1
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE circumstellar matter; ISM: molecules; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal;
stars: formation; submillimeter
ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; WATER-VAPOR EMISSION; MOLECULAR CLOUD; NORTHERN
SKY; ENVELOPES; OUTFLOWS; STARS; CONTINUUM; ABUNDANCE; REGIONS
AB We report the first interferometric detection of 183 GHz water emission in the low-mass protostar Serpens SMM1 using the Submillimeter Array with a resolution of 3 '' and rms of similar to 7 Jy in a 3 km s(-1) bin. Due to the small size and high brightness of more than 240 Jy beam(-1), it appears to be maser emission. In total, three maser spots were detected out to similar to 700 AU from the central protostar, lying along the redshifted outflow axis, outside the circumstellar disk but within the envelope region as evidenced by the continuum measurements. Two of the maser spots appear to be blueshifted by about 1-2 km s(-1). No extended or compact thermal emission from a passively heated protostellar envelope was detected with a limit of 7 Jy ( 16 K), in agreement with recent modeling efforts. We propose that the maser spots originate within the cavity walls due to the interaction of the outflow jet with the surrounding protostellar envelope. Hydrodynamical models predict that such regions can be dense and warm enough to invert the 183 GHz water transition.
C1 [van Kempen, T. A.; Wilner, D.; Gurwell, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP van Kempen, TA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 78, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM tvankempen@cfa.harvard.edu
FU SMA
FX T.v.K. is supported as an SMA postdoctoral fellow. Steve Longmore and
Jes Jorgensen are thanked for discussion on fitting envelope models on
continuum, and Elizabeth Humphreys for extensive discussion on maser
excitation. T. v. K. is also grateful to Lars Kristensen for providing
the DUSTY model. The extensive ongoing discussions with Ewine van
Dishoeck on many aspects of interstellar water are much appreciated.
NR 33
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 2041-8205
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD NOV 20
PY 2009
VL 706
IS 1
BP L22
EP L26
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/L22
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 516HP
UT WOS:000271533200005
ER
PT J
AU Campbell, BA
Hawke, BR
Carter, LM
Ghent, RR
Campbell, DB
AF Campbell, Bruce A.
Hawke, B. Ray
Carter, Lynn M.
Ghent, Rebecca R.
Campbell, Donald B.
TI Rugged lava flows on the Moon revealed by Earth-based radar
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID WAVELENGTH RADAR; MARE BASALTS; STRATIGRAPHY; PROCELLARUM; AGES
AB Basaltic volcanism is widespread on the lunar nearside, and returned samples suggest that the mare-forming magmas had low viscosity that led to primarily sheet-like deposits. New 70-cm wavelength radar observations that probe several meters beneath the lunar surface reveal differences in mare backscatter properties not explained by age or compositional variations. We interpret areas of high backscatter and high circular polarization ratio in Maria Serenitatis, Imbrium, and Crisium as having an enhanced abundance of decimeter-scale subsurface rocks relative to typical mare-forming flows. The 3.5 by survival of these differences implies an initial platy, blocky, or ridged lava flow surface layer with thickness of at least 3-5 m. Such rugged morphology might arise from episodic changes in magma effusion rate, as observed for disrupted flood basalt surfaces on the Earth and Mars, very high flow velocities, or increased viscosity due to a number of factors. Significant information on lunar mare eruption conditions may thus be obtained from long-wavelength radar probing of the shallow subsurface. Citation: Campbell, B. A., B. R. Hawke, L. M. Carter, R. R. Ghent, and D. B. Campbell (2009), Rugged lava flows on the Moon revealed by Earth-based radar, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L22201, doi:10.1029/2009GL041087.
C1 [Campbell, Bruce A.; Carter, Lynn M.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Hawke, B. Ray] Univ Hawaii Manoa, HIGP, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Ghent, Rebecca R.] Univ Toronto, Dept Geol, Toronto, ON M5S 3B1, Canada.
[Campbell, Donald B.] Cornell Univ, NAIC, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Campbell, BA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, MRC 315,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM campbellb@si.edu
RI Carter, Lynn/D-2937-2012
FU NASA Planetary Astronomy and Planetary Geology and Geophysics Programs
FX This work was supported in part by grants from the NASA Planetary
Astronomy and Planetary Geology and Geophysics Programs. The authors
thank the staff at Arecibo Observatory and the GBT for assistance in
collecting the lunar radar data. J. Chandler provided ephemeris data for
the observations. Three anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on
the manuscript.
NR 23
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD NOV 20
PY 2009
VL 36
AR L22201
DI 10.1029/2009GL041087
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 522JZ
UT WOS:000271995200008
ER
PT J
AU Bale, SD
Kasper, JC
Howes, GG
Quataert, E
Salem, C
Sundkvist, D
AF Bale, S. D.
Kasper, J. C.
Howes, G. G.
Quataert, E.
Salem, C.
Sundkvist, D.
TI Magnetic Fluctuation Power Near Proton Temperature Anisotropy
Instability Thresholds in the Solar Wind
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PLASMA; FIELD; MAGNETOSHEATH; CONSTRAINT; TURBULENCE; WAVES; BETA
AB The proton temperature anisotropy in the solar wind is known to be constrained by the theoretical thresholds for pressure-anisotropy-driven instabilities. Here, we use approximately 1x10(6) independent measurements of gyroscale magnetic fluctuations in the solar wind to show for the first time that these fluctuations are enhanced along the temperature anisotropy thresholds of the mirror, proton oblique firehose, and ion cyclotron instabilities. In addition, the measured magnetic compressibility is enhanced at high plasma beta (beta(vertical bar)greater than or similar to 1) along the mirror instability threshold but small elsewhere, consistent with expectations of the mirror mode. We also show that the short wavelength magnetic fluctuation power is a strong function of collisionality, which relaxes the temperature anisotropy away from the instability conditions and reduces correspondingly the fluctuation power.
C1 [Bale, S. D.; Quataert, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bale, S. D.; Salem, C.; Sundkvist, D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kasper, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Howes, G. G.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Quataert, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Bale, SD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Bale, Stuart/E-7533-2011; Kasper, Justin/D-1152-2010
OI Bale, Stuart/0000-0002-1989-3596; Kasper, Justin/0000-0002-7077-930X
NR 24
TC 200
Z9 200
U1 0
U2 22
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 20
PY 2009
VL 103
IS 21
AR 211101
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.211101
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 523EH
UT WOS:000272054300006
PM 20366024
ER
PT J
AU Ivanova, ES
Hope, WD
AF Ivanova, Elena S.
Hope, W. Duane
TI A new genus and three new species of Drilonematidae (Rhabditida,
Drilonematoidea) from earthworms
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE Dicelinae; Dicelis eudrilii sp n.; earthworm parasites; Eudrilidae;
Lumbricidae; Megascolecidae; Paradicelis bursata gen. n.; sp n.;
Pharyngonema chinense sp n.
AB A new genus and three new species of Drilonematidae (Rhabditidae, Drilonematoidea) from earthworms deposited in the collection of Natural History Museum, Smithsonian Institution are described and illustrated. Paradicelis bursata gen. et sp. n. is closely related to other Dicelinae genera, namely Dicelis Dujardin, 1845 and Adieronema Timm 1966, but is differentiated from both by the presence of a bursa and by whip-like copulatory sensilla. From Dicelis the new genus differs further by the excretory pore being situated in front of the nerve ring. Dicelis eudrilii sp. n. is the first African member of a predominantly Palearctic genus and also shares similarity with Adieronema, but clearly differs from this genus by the eggs lacking a bipolar corona. D. eudrillii is distinguished from other members of Dicelis by having a narrow, conoid tail; prominent excretory pore; nerve ring being situated around the intestine in both adults and juveniles; very long spicules; and by a well-developed spermatheca. Pharyngonema chinense sp. n. is distinguished from the only other member of the genus, Ph. mekongianum, by the shape of the head end with its minute apical tip; smaller circular lateral organs situated at mid-pharyngeal length; larger, slightly bent spicules with blunt, hooked distal process; and smaller, proximally broadened, club-shaped gubernacula. A specimen of Ph. chinense is described with the distal portion of testis forked. Keys to the genera of subfamily Dicelinae and species of Dicelis, Adieronema, Paradicelis and Pharyngonema are presented.
C1 [Ivanova, Elena S.] AN Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut RAS, Ctr Parasitol, Moscow 119071, Russia.
[Hope, W. Duane] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Ivanova, ES (reprint author), AN Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut RAS, Ctr Parasitol, Leninskii Prospect 33, Moscow 119071, Russia.
EM elena_s_ivanova@rambler.ru; hoped@si.edu
FU Smithsonian Institution; RFBR [07-04-90005, 08-04-00209, 09-04-90300]
FX First author gratefully acknowledges the financial support by the
Smithsonian Institution. The study was also partially supported by the
RFBR grants 07-04-90005, 08-04-00209 and 09-04-90300.
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD NOV 19
PY 2009
IS 2293
BP 53
EP 67
PG 15
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 521EF
UT WOS:000271902300003
ER
PT J
AU Lee, C
Martin, RV
van Donkelaar, A
O'Byrne, G
Krotkov, N
Richter, A
Huey, LG
Holloway, JS
AF Lee, Chulkyu
Martin, Randall V.
van Donkelaar, Aaron
O'Byrne, Gray
Krotkov, Nickolay
Richter, Andreas
Huey, L. Gregory
Holloway, John S.
TI Retrieval of vertical columns of sulfur dioxide from SCIAMACHY and OMI:
Air mass factor algorithm development, validation, and error analysis
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID OZONE MAPPING SPECTROMETER; ROTATIONAL RAMAN-SCATTERING; ABSORPTION
CROSS-SECTION; LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; UNITED-STATES;
TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; VOLCANIC-ERUPTIONS; EARTHS ATMOSPHERE; SAHARAN DUST
AB We develop an improved retrieval of sulfur dioxide (SO2) vertical columns from two satellite instruments (SCIAMACHY and OMI) that measure ultraviolet solar backscatter. For each SCIAMACHY and OMI observation, a local air mass factor (AMF) algorithm converts line-of-sight "slant'' columns to vertical columns using altitude-dependent scattering weights computed with a radiative transfer model (LIDORT), weighted by relative vertical SO2 profile (shape factor) determined locally with a global atmospheric chemistry model (GEOS-Chem). The scattering weights account for viewing geometry, surface albedo, cloud scattering, absorption by ozone, and scattering and absorption by aerosols. Absorption of radiation by mineral dust can reduce seasonal mean instrument sensitivity by 50%. Mean SO2 shape factors simulated with GEOS-Chem and used in the AMF calculation are highly consistent with airborne in situ measurements (INTEX-A and INTEX-B); differences would affect the retrieved SO2 columns by 10%. The retrieved vertical columns are validated with coincident airborne in situ measurements (INTEX-A, INTEX-B, and a campaign over east China). The annual mean AMF errors are estimated to be 35-70% in polluted regions (e. g., East Asia and the eastern United States) and less than 10% over clear ocean regions. The overall SO2 error assessment is 45-80% for yearly averages over polluted regions. Seasonal mean SO2 columns retrieved from SCIAMACHY and OMI for 2006 are significantly spatially correlated with those from GEOS-Chem, in particular over the United States (r = 0.85 for SCIAMACHY and 0.82 for OMI). A sensitivity study confirms the sensitivity of SCIAMACHY and OMI to anthropogenic SO2 emissions.
C1 [Lee, Chulkyu; Martin, Randall V.; van Donkelaar, Aaron; O'Byrne, Gray] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5, Canada.
[Martin, Randall V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Krotkov, Nickolay] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA.
[Richter, Andreas] Univ Bremen, Inst Environm Phys & Remote Sensing, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
[Huey, L. Gregory] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Holloway, John S.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Holloway, John S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Lee, C (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, 6310 Coburg Rd, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5, Canada.
EM chulkyu.lee@dal.ca
RI Richter, Andreas/C-4971-2008; Holloway, John/F-9911-2012; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015; Martin, Randall/C-1205-2014; Krotkov,
Nickolay/E-1541-2012; Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014
OI Richter, Andreas/0000-0003-3339-212X; Holloway,
John/0000-0002-4585-9594; Martin, Randall/0000-0003-2632-8402; Krotkov,
Nickolay/0000-0001-6170-6750;
FU Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC);
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [ROSES05,
NNG06GI00G]
FX We thank Mian Chin for helpful comments on SO2 emissions. The
publicly released planetary boundary layer (PBL) OMI SO2
Level 2 VC products and OMCLDRR cloud products from OMI were obtained
from GES Data and Information Service Center
(http://disc.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/). SO2 slant columns and
WFDOAS total O3 columns from SCIAMACHY were obtained from the
Institute of Environmental Physics and Remote Sensing, University of
Bremen, Germany (http://www.iup.uni-bremen.de/). FRESCO+ cloud products
from SCIAMACHY were obtained from Tropospheric Emission Monitoring
Internet Service (TEMIS) (http://www.temis.nl/). This work was supported
by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada
(NSERC) and by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
N. Krotkov acknowledges NASA support through ROSES05 grant NNG06GI00G.
NR 80
TC 57
Z9 58
U1 1
U2 28
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD NOV 18
PY 2009
VL 114
AR D22303
DI 10.1029/2009JD012123
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 522KF
UT WOS:000271995900003
ER
PT J
AU Grainger, A
Boucher, DH
Frumhoff, PC
Laurance, WF
Lovejoy, T
McNeely, J
Niekisch, M
Raven, P
Sodhi, NS
Venter, O
Pimm, SL
AF Grainger, Alan
Boucher, Douglas H.
Frumhoff, Peter C.
Laurance, William F.
Lovejoy, Thomas
McNeely, Jeffrey
Niekisch, Manfred
Raven, Peter
Sodhi, Navjot S.
Venter, Oscar
Pimm, Stuart L.
TI Biodiversity and REDD at Copenhagen
SO CURRENT BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID CARBON SEQUESTRATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CONSERVATION; DEFORESTATION;
HOTSPOTS
AB Reducing carbon emissions through slowing deforestation can benefit biodiversity best if countries implement sensible policies.
C1 [Grainger, Alan] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
[Boucher, Douglas H.; Frumhoff, Peter C.] Union Concerned Scientists, Washington, DC 20006 USA.
[Boucher, Douglas H.; Frumhoff, Peter C.] Union Concerned Scientists, Cambridge, MA 02238 USA.
[Laurance, William F.] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia.
[Laurance, William F.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
[Lovejoy, Thomas] Heinz Ctr, Washington, DC 20006 USA.
[McNeely, Jeffrey] Int Union Conservat Nat, CH-1196 Gland, Switzerland.
[Niekisch, Manfred] Frankfurt Zoo & Frankfurt Zool Soc, D-60316 Frankfurt, Germany.
[Raven, Peter] Missouri Bot Garden, St Louis, MO 63166 USA.
[Sodhi, Navjot S.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
[Venter, Oscar] Univ Queensland, Ctr Ecol, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Pimm, Stuart L.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
RP Grainger, A (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
EM stuartpimm@me.com
RI Venter, Oscar/G-6893-2011; Laurance, William/B-2709-2012
NR 29
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 11
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA
SN 0960-9822
J9 CURR BIOL
JI Curr. Biol.
PD NOV 17
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 21
BP R974
EP R976
PG 3
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA 522AS
UT WOS:000271970200008
PM 19922850
ER
PT J
AU Kaspari, M
Yanoviak, SP
Dudley, R
Yuan, M
Clay, NA
AF Kaspari, Michael
Yanoviak, Stephen P.
Dudley, Robert
Yuan, May
Clay, Natalie A.
TI Sodium shortage as a constraint on the carbon cycle in an inland
tropical rainforest
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE biogeochemistry; biogeography; decomposition; fungi; termites
ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; PHOSPHORUS LIMITATION; DECOMPOSITION; NUTRIENT;
AMAZON; LIGNIN; LITTER; BIOGEOGRAPHY; DEGRADATION; ECOSYSTEMS
AB Sodium (Na) is uncommon in plants but essential to the metabolism of plant consumers, both decomposers and herbivores. One consequence, previously unexplored, is that as Na supplies decrease (e. g., from coastal to inland forests), ecosystem carbon should accumulate as detritus. Here, we show that adding NaCl solution to the leaf litter of an inland Amazon forest enhanced mass loss by 41%, decreased lignin concentrations by 7%, and enhanced decomposition of pure cellulose by up to 50%, compared with stream water alone. These effects emerged after 13-18 days. Termites, a common decomposer, increased 7-fold on +NaCl plots, suggesting an agent for the litter loss. Ants, a common predator, increased 2-fold, suggesting that NaCl effects cascade upward through the food web. Sodium, not chloride, was likely the driver of these patterns for two reasons: two compounds of Na (NaCl and NaPO(4)) resulted in equivalent cellulose loss, and ants in choice experiments underused Cl (as KCl, MgCl(2), and CaCl(2)) relative to NaCl and three other Na compounds (NaNO(3), Na(3)PO(4), and Na(2)SO(4)). We provide experimental evidence that Na shortage slows the carbon cycle. Because 80% of global landmass lies > 100 km inland, carbon stocks and consumer activity may frequently be regulated via Na limitation.
C1 [Kaspari, Michael; Clay, Natalie A.] Univ Oklahoma, Grad Program Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Dept Zool, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Yuan, May] Univ Oklahoma, Grad Program Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Dept Geog, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Kaspari, Michael] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
[Yanoviak, Stephen P.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA.
[Dudley, Robert] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Kaspari, M (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Grad Program Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Dept Zool, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
EM mkaspari@ou.edu
OI Kaspari, Michael/0000-0002-9717-5768
FU National Geographic Society
FX We thank P. Bucur, P. Jensen, and S. Madigosky for logistical support;
the Peruvian Instituto Nacional de Recursos Naturales for permits; the
Amazon Conservatory for Tropical Studies and Amazon Explorama Lodges for
access to the field site; B. Nairn for analysis of stream water; E.
Vargo, B. Thorne, and R. Constantino for consultations on termite
ecology; and J. Gillooly, J. Powers, and T. Valone for comments on the
manuscript. This work was supported by a grant from the National
Geographic Society.
NR 53
TC 49
Z9 50
U1 4
U2 34
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD NOV 17
PY 2009
VL 106
IS 46
BP 19405
EP 19409
DI 10.1073/pnas.0906448106
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 521GC
UT WOS:000271907400034
PM 19884505
ER
PT J
AU Owen, RB
Potts, R
Behrensmeyer, AK
AF Owen, R. Bernhart
Potts, Richard
Behrensmeyer, Anna K.
TI Reply to the comment on "Diatomaceous sediments and environmental change
in the Pleistocene Olorgesailie Formation, southern Kenya Rift Valley"
by RB Owen, R. Potts, AK Behrensmeyer and P. Ditchfield
[Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 269 (2008) 17-37]
SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
AB We welcome the reply by Trauth and Maslin (Comment on "Diatonlaceous sediments and environmental change in the Pleistocene Olorgesailie Formation, southern Kenya Rift Valley" by R.B Owen, R. Potts, A.K Behrensmeyer and P Ditchfield [Palaeogeography, Palaeochmatology, Palaeoecology 269 (2008) 17-37]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology. Palaeoecology. 2009-this issue) to Owen et al (2008, Diatomaceous sediments and environmental change in the Pleistocene Olorgesailie Formation. southern Kenya Rift Valley. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 269. 17-37) and accept the clarifications made concerning their earlier work However, we also note some of the differences between their broad characterization of the Olorgesailie record and our more detailed approach. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
C1 [Owen, R. Bernhart] Hong Kong Baptist Univ, Dept Geog, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Potts, Richard] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Human Origins Program, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Potts, Richard] Natl Museums Kenya, Dept Earth Sci, Paleontol Sect, Nairobi, Kenya.
[Behrensmeyer, Anna K.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Owen, RB (reprint author), Hong Kong Baptist Univ, Dept Geog, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
OI Owen, Richard Bernhart/0000-0001-5267-5366
NR 9
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0031-0182
J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL
JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol.
PD NOV 15
PY 2009
VL 282
IS 1-4
BP 147
EP 148
DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.07.010
PG 2
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology
GA 512MT
UT WOS:000271254300013
ER
PT J
AU Bassa, CG
Jonker, PG
Steeghs, D
Torres, MAP
AF Bassa, C. G.
Jonker, P. G.
Steeghs, D.
Torres, M. A. P.
TI Optical spectroscopy of the quiescent counterpart to EXO 0748-676
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion discs; binaries: general; stars: individual: EXO
0748-676; stars: neutron; X-rays: binaries
ID RAY BINARY EXO-0748-676; PHOTOMETRIC STANDARD STARS; NEUTRON-STAR;
XMM-NEWTON; DOPPLER TOMOGRAPHY; RADIAL-VELOCITY; BURST SPECTRA; MASS;
EMISSION; DISCOVERY
AB We present phase resolved optical spectroscopy and X-ray timing of the neutron star X-ray binary EXO 0748-676 after the source returned to quiescence in the autumn of 2008. The X-ray light curve displays eclipses consistent in orbital period, orbital phase and duration with the predictions and measurements before the return to quiescence. Ha and He I emission lines are present in the optical spectra and show the signature of the orbit of the binary companion, placing a lower limit on the radial velocity semi-amplitude of K(2) > 405 km s(-1). Both the flux in the continuum and the emission lines show orbital modulations, indicating that we observe the hemisphere of the binary companion that is being irradiated by the neutron star. Effects due to this irradiation preclude a direct measurement of the radial velocity semi-amplitude of the binary companion; in fact, no stellar absorption lines are seen in the spectrum. Nevertheless, our observations place a stringent lower limit on the neutron star mass of M(1) > 1.27 M(circle dot). For the canonical neutron star mass of M(1) = 1.4 M(circle dot), the mass ratio is constrained to 0.075 < q < 0.105.
C1 [Bassa, C. G.; Jonker, P. G.] SRON, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Bassa, C. G.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands.
[Jonker, P. G.; Steeghs, D.; Torres, M. A. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Steeghs, D.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
RP Bassa, CG (reprint author), SRON, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands.
EM c.bassa@sron.nl
RI Steeghs, Danny/C-5468-2009
OI Steeghs, Danny/0000-0003-0771-4746
FU Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO); NASA [G08-9041X,
G09-8055X]; STFC Advanced Fellowship
FX This research is based on observations collected with ESO Telescopes at
the Paranal Observatory under programme ID 282.D-5012(A) and on
observations obtained with the XMM-Newton satellite. PGJ acknowledges
support from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO).
MAPT acknowledges support from NASA grants G08-9041X and G09-8055X. DS
acknowledges a STFC Advanced Fellowship.
NR 43
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD NOV 11
PY 2009
VL 399
IS 4
BP 2055
EP 2062
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15395.x
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 515KP
UT WOS:000271469000027
ER
PT J
AU Lopes, PAA
de Carvalho, RR
Kohl-Moreira, JL
Jones, C
AF Lopes, P. A. A.
de Carvalho, R. R.
Kohl-Moreira, J. L.
Jones, C.
TI NoSOCS in SDSS - II. Mass calibration of low redshift galaxy clusters
with optical and X-ray properties
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE surveys; galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics
ID TO-LIGHT RATIO; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; RICH CLUSTERS; DARK ENERGY;
LUMINOSITY FUNCTIONS; TEMPERATURE FUNCTION; SCALING RELATIONS; SURVEY
DPOSS; CATALOG; SUBSTRUCTURE
AB We use SDSS data to investigate the scaling relations of 127 No SOCS and 56 CIRS galaxy clusters at low redshift (z <= 0.10). We show that richness and both optical and X-ray luminosities are reliable mass proxies. The scatter in mass at a fixed observable is similar to 40 per cent, depending on the aperture, sample and observable considered. For example, for the massive CIRS systems sigma(lnM500 vertical bar N500) = 0.33 +/- 0.05 and sigma(lnM500 vertical bar Lx) = 0.48 +/- 0.06. For the full sample sigma(lnM500 vertical bar N500) = 0.43 +/- 0.03 and sigma(llnM500 vertical bar Lx) = 0.56 +/- 0.06. The scaling relations based only on the richer systems ( CIRS) are slightly flatter than those based on the full sample, but the discrepancies are within 1 sigma. We estimate substructure using 2D and 3D optical data, verifying that substructure has no significant effect on the cluster scaling relations ( intercepts and slopes), independent of which substructure test we use. For a subset of 21 clusters, we estimate masses from the M-T-X relation using temperature measures from Base de Donnees Amas de Galaxies X. The scaling relations derived from the optical and X-ray masses are indeed very similar, indicating that our method consistently estimates the cluster mass and yields equivalent results regardless of the wavelength from which we measure mass. For massive systems, we represent the mass-richness relation by a function with the form ln(M-200) = A + B x ln(N-200/60), with M-200 being expressed in units of 10(14) M-circle dot. Using the virial mass, for CIRS clusters, we find A = (1.39 +/- 0.07) and B = (1.00 +/- 0.11). For the same sample, but using the masses obtained by the caustic method, we get A = (0.64 +/- 0.14) and B = (1.35 +/- 0.34). If we consider the mass as estimated from T-X ( for the subset of 21 clusters with T-X available) we derive A = (0.90 +/- 0.10) and B = (0.92 +/- 0.10). The relations based on the virial mass have a scatter of sigma(lnM200 vertical bar N200) = 0.37 +/- 0.05, while sigma(lnM200 vertical bar N200) = 0.77 +/- 0.22 for the caustic mass and sigma(lnM200N200) = 0.34 +/- 0.08 for the temperature-based mass.
C1 [Lopes, P. A. A.] IP&D Univ Vale Paraiba, BR-12244000 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
[Lopes, P. A. A.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Observ Valongo, BR-20080090 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[de Carvalho, R. R.] CEA, Div Astrofis, Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
[Jones, C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Lopes, PAA (reprint author), IP&D Univ Vale Paraiba, Av Shishima Hifumi 2911, BR-12244000 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
EM paal@univap.br
RI 7, INCT/H-6207-2013; Astrofisica, Inct/H-9455-2013; Lopes,
Paulo/B-3055-2013
FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)
[03/04110-3, 06/57027-4, 06/04955-1, 07/04655-0]; Alfred P. Sloan
Foundation; Participating Institutions; National Science Foundation;
U.S. Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space
Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher
Education Funding Council for England
FX PAAL was supported by the Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao
Paulo (FAPESP, processes 03/04110-3, 06/57027-4, 06/04955-1 and
07/04655-0). Part of this work was done at the Instituto Nacional de
Astrofisica, Optica y Eletronica and at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center
for Astrophysics. PAAL thanks the hospitality during the stays in these
two institutions. CJ thanks the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
for support. The authors are thankful to A. Biviano for helpful
discussions regarding mass estimates of galaxy clusters. We are thankful
to Jason Pinkney for making the substructure codes available. We are
also thankful for the valuable suggestions made by the referee of this
paper.; This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic
Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration.; Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II
has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating
Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U. S. Department of
Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese
Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding
Council for England. The SDSS Web Site is http://www.sdss.org/.
NR 52
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD NOV 11
PY 2009
VL 399
IS 4
BP 2201
EP 2220
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15425.x
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 515KP
UT WOS:000271469000040
ER
PT J
AU Zimmermann, A
Zimmermann, B
Elsenbeer, H
AF Zimmermann, Alexander
Zimmermann, Beate
Elsenbeer, Helmut
TI Rainfall redistribution in a tropical forest: Spatial and temporal
patterns
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; THROUGHFALL VOLUME; INTERCEPTION LOSS;
SOIL PROPERTIES; ASYMMETRIC DATA; WATER-CONTENT; VARIABILITY; STAND;
VARIOGRAM; SCALE
AB The investigation of throughfall patterns has received considerable interest over the last decades. And yet, the geographical bias of pertinent previous studies and their methodologies and approaches to data analysis cast a doubt on the general validity of claims regarding spatial and temporal patterns of throughfall. We employed 220 collectors in a 1-ha plot of semideciduous tropical rain forest in Panama and sampled throughfall during a period of 14 months. Our analysis of spatial patterns is based on 60 data sets, whereas the temporal analysis comprises 91 events. Both data sets show skewed frequency distributions. When skewness arises from large outliers, the classical, nonrobust variogram estimator overestimates the sill variance and, in some cases, even induces spurious autocorrelation structures. In these situations, robust variogram estimation techniques offer a solution. Throughfall in our plot typically displayed no or only weak spatial autocorrelations. In contrast, temporal correlations were strong, that is, wet and dry locations persisted over consecutive wet seasons. Interestingly, seasonality and hence deciduousness had no influence on spatial and temporal patterns. We argue that if throughfall patterns are to have any explanatory power with respect to patterns of near-surface processes, data analytical artifacts must be ruled out lest spurious correlation be confounded with causality; furthermore, temporal stability over the domain of interest is essential.
C1 [Zimmermann, Alexander; Elsenbeer, Helmut] Univ Potsdam, Inst Geoecol, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
[Zimmermann, Beate; Elsenbeer, Helmut] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Miami, FL 34002 USA.
RP Zimmermann, A (reprint author), Univ Potsdam, Inst Geoecol, Karl Liebknecht Str 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
EM zimmermann.alex@yahoo.de
RI Zimmermann, Alexander/B-6831-2011; Zimmermann, Beate/B-5164-2012
FU German Research Foundation [255/6-1]; HSBC
FX This research was funded by the German Research Foundation (El 255/6-1).
Beate Zimmermann acknowledges support from The HSBC Climate Partnership.
We thank Luise Neumann-Cosel, Barbel Ehrig, Silja Hund, Janine
Matthiessen, Anna Schurkmann and Frank Base for participating in the
field work, and Ben Marchant, Rothamsted Research, for help with some
programming tasks. We are indebted to Stephanie Bohlman, Princeton
University, and Patrick Jansen, University of Groningen, for providing
the aerial photograph of our plot. Moreover, we would like to thank
Andreas Papritz, ETH Zurich, for stimulating discussions and advice.
Richard Keim, Louisiana State University, and two anonymous reviewers
provided very useful comments and convinced us to take a fresh look at
our data. Finally, we thank Murray Lark, Rothamsted Research, for his
continuous efforts to keep us out of statistical trouble.
NR 62
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 4
U2 79
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD NOV 11
PY 2009
VL 45
AR W11413
DI 10.1029/2008WR007470
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 520RF
UT WOS:000271863200004
ER
PT J
AU Chen, JH
Evans, NJ
Lee, JE
Bourke, TL
AF Chen, Jo-Hsin
Evans, Neal J., II
Lee, Jeong-Eun
Bourke, Tyler L.
TI THE SPITZER c2d SURVEY OF NEARBY DENSE CORES. VII. CHEMISTRY AND
DYNAMICS IN L43
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM: individual (L43, RNO91); stars: formation
ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; PRE-PROTOSTELLAR CORES; MASS STAR-FORMATION;
SUBMILLIMETER CONTINUUM OBSERVATIONS; 2-DIMENSIONAL RADIATIVE-TRANSFER;
ARRAY CAMERA IRAC; INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; COLLISIONAL EXCITATION;
ROTATIONAL-EXCITATION; MOLECULAR DEPLETION
AB We present results from the Spitzer Space Telescope and molecular line observations of nine species toward the dark cloud L43. The Spitzer images and molecular line maps suggest that it has a starless core and a Class I protostar evolving in the same environment. CO depletion is seen in both sources, and DCO+ lines are stronger toward the starless core. With a goal of testing the chemical characteristics from pre- to protostellar stages, we adopt an evolutionary chemical model to calculate the molecular abundances and compare with our observations. Among the different model parameters we tested, the best-fit model suggests a longer total timescale at the pre-protostellar stage, but with faster evolution at the later steps with higher densities.
C1 [Chen, Jo-Hsin; Evans, Neal J., II] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Lee, Jeong-Eun] Sejong Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Astrophys Res Ctr Struct & Evolut Cosmos, Seoul 143747, South Korea.
[Bourke, Tyler L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Chen, JH (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
EM jhchen@astro.as.utexas.edu; nje@astro.as.utexas.edu; jelee@sejong.ac.kr;
tbourke@cfa.harvard.edu
RI Lee , Jeong-Eun/E-2387-2013
FU NSF [AST-0307250, AST0607793]; NASA [NNX07AJ72G]; National Research
Foundation of Korea (NRF) government (MEST) [2009-0062865]; KOSEF
[R012007- 000-20336-0]
FX We thank Yancy Shirley for providing the radial intensity profiles from
the SCUBA data, JingwenWu, Michael Dunham, Miranda Dunham, and Hyo Jeong
Kim for their help to obtain the data at the CSO, and Ted Bergin for the
chemical code. Support for this work, part of the Spitzer Legacy Science
Program, was provided by NASA through contract 1224608 issued by the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under NASA
contract 1407. This work has also been supported by NSF Grants
AST-0307250, AST0607793, NASA Origins grant NNX07AJ72G, the National
Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) government (MEST) (No. 2009-0062865),
and supported in part by a grant (R012007- 000-20336-0) from the Basic
Research Program of the KOSEF.
NR 77
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 10
PY 2009
VL 705
IS 2
BP 1160
EP 1172
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/705/2/1160
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 511FQ
UT WOS:000271149700007
ER
PT J
AU Kilic, M
Gould, A
Koester, D
AF Kilic, Mukremin
Gould, Andrew
Koester, Detlev
TI LIMITS ON UNRESOLVED PLANETARY COMPANIONS TO WHITE DWARF REMNANTS OF 14
INTERMEDIATE-MASS STARS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE infrared: stars; planetary systems; stars: low-mass, brown dwarfs; white
dwarfs
ID BROWN DWARF; THEORETICAL SPECTRA; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; STELLAR GRAVEYARD;
SPACE-TELESCOPE; COOL CUSTOMERS; GIANT PLANETS; CONSTRAINTS; EXOPLANETS;
SEARCH
AB We present Spitzer IRAC photometry of white dwarf remnants of 14 stars with M = 3-5 M(circle dot). We do not detect mid-infrared excess around any of our targets. By demanding a 3 sigma photometric excess at 4.5 mu m for unresolved companions, we rule out planetary mass companions down to 5, 7, or 10 M(J) for 13 of our targets based on the Burrows et al. substellar cooling models. Combined with previous IRAC observations of white dwarf remnants of intermediate-mass stars, we rule out >= 10 M(J) companions around 40 white dwarfs and >= 5 M(J) companions around 10 white dwarfs.
C1 [Kilic, Mukremin] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Gould, Andrew] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Koester, Detlev] Univ Kiel, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-24098 Kiel, Germany.
RP Kilic, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM mkilic@cfa.harvard.edu
FU NASA; NSF [AST-0757888]
FX Support for this work was provided by NASA through the Spitzer Space
Telescope Fellowship Program, under an award from Caltech. A. G. was
supported by NSF grant AST-0757888. We thank the referee, J. Farihi, for
a detailed and constructive report. We also thank S. Kenyon for a
careful reading of this manuscript.
NR 50
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 10
PY 2009
VL 705
IS 2
BP 1219
EP 1225
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/705/2/1219
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 511FQ
UT WOS:000271149700014
ER
PT J
AU Constantin, A
Green, P
Aldcroft, T
Kim, DW
Haggard, D
Barkhouse, W
Anderson, SF
AF Constantin, Anca
Green, Paul
Aldcroft, Tom
Kim, Dong-Woo
Haggard, Daryl
Barkhouse, Wayne
Anderson, Scott F.
TI PROBING THE BALANCE OF AGN AND STAR-FORMING ACTIVITY IN THE LOCAL
UNIVERSE WITH ChaMP
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE galaxies: active; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: nuclei; surveys;
X-rays: galaxies
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; X-RAY-PROPERTIES; BLACK-HOLE MASS; DWARF SEYFERT
NUCLEI; CHANDRA MULTIWAVELENGTH PROJECT; RADIO-QUIET QUASARS; GALACTIC
NUCLEI; NEARBY GALAXIES; EMISSION-LINE; XMM-NEWTON
AB The combination of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and the Chandra Multiwavelength Project (ChaMP) currently offers the largest and most homogeneously selected sample of nearby galaxies for investigating the relation between X-ray nuclear emission, nebular line emission, black hole masses, and properties of the associated stellar populations. We provide X-ray spectral fits and valid uncertainties for all the galaxies with counts ranging from 2 to 1325 (mean 76, median 19). We present here novel constraints that both X-ray luminosity L(X) and X-ray spectral energy distribution bring to the galaxy evolutionary sequence H II -> Seyfert/Transition Object -> LINER -> Passive suggested by optical data. In particular, we show that both L(X) and Gamma the slope of the power law that best fits the 0.5-8 keV spectra, are consistent with a clear decline in the accretion power along the sequence, corresponding to a softening of their spectra. This implies that, at z approximate to 0, or at low-luminosity active galactic nucleus (AGN) levels, there is an anticorrelation between G and L/L(edd), opposite to the trend exhibited by high z AGN (quasars). The turning point in the Gamma-L/L(edd) LLAGN + quasars relation occurs near Gamma approximate to 1.5 and L/L(edd) approximate to 0.01. Interestingly, this is identical to what stellar mass X-ray binaries exhibit, indicating that we have probably found the first empirical evidence for an intrinsic switch in the accretion mode, from advection-dominated flows to standard (disk/corona) accretion modes in supermassive black hole accretors, similar to what has been seen and proposed to happen in stellar mass black hole systems. The anticorrelation we find between Gamma and L/L(edd) may instead indicate that stronger accretion correlates with greater absorption. Therefore, the trend for softer spectra toward more luminous, high redshift, and strongly accreting (L/L(edd) greater than or similar to 0.01) AGNs/ quasars could simply be the result of strong selection biases reflected in the dearth of type 2 quasar detections.
C1 [Constantin, Anca; Green, Paul; Aldcroft, Tom; Kim, Dong-Woo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Haggard, Daryl; Anderson, Scott F.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Barkhouse, Wayne] Univ N Dakota, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
RP Constantin, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
OI Constantin, Anca/0000-0002-2441-1619
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [AR7-8015A]; National
Aeronautics Space Administration [NAS8-03060]
FX A. C. thanks Christy Tremonti for valuable discussions regarding the
MPA/JHU catalog. Support for this work was provided by the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award Number
AR7-8015A issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is
operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf
of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract
NAS8-03060.
NR 133
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 8
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 10
PY 2009
VL 705
IS 2
BP 1336
EP 1355
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/705/2/1336
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 511FQ
UT WOS:000271149700022
ER
PT J
AU Kunert-Bajraszewska, M
Siemiginowska, A
Katarzynski, K
Janiuk, A
AF Kunert-Bajraszewska, Magdalena
Siemiginowska, Aneta
Katarzynski, Krzysztof
Janiuk, Agnieszka
TI X-RAYS FROM A RADIO-LOUD COMPACT BROAD ABSORPTION LINE QUASAR 1045+352
AND THE NATURE OF OUTFLOWS IN RADIO-LOUD BROAD ABSORPTION LINE QUASARS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE quasars: absorption lines; quasars: general; X-rays: galaxies
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; STEEP-SPECTRUM SOURCES; HIGH-REDSHIFT QUASARS;
BLACK-HOLE MASSES; CHANDRA SURVEY; INTERMITTENT ACTIVITY; ACCRETION
MODELS; 1ST-BASED SURVEY; PARAMETER SPACE; POLAR OUTFLOWS
AB We present new results on X-ray properties of radio-loud broad absorption line (BAL) quasars and focus on broadband spectral properties of a high-ionization BAL (HiBAL) compact steep spectrum (CSS) radio-loud quasar 1045+352. This HiBAL quasar has a very complex radio morphology indicating either strong interactions between a radio jet and the surrounding interstellar medium or a possible re-start of the jet activity. We detected 1045+352 quasar in a short 5 ksec Chandra ACIS-S observation. We applied theoretical models to explain spectral energy distribution of 1045+352 and argue that non-thermal, inverse-Compton (IC) emission from the innermost parts of the radio jet can account for a large fraction of the observed X-ray emission. In our analysis, we also consider a scenario in which the observed X-ray emission from radio-loud BAL quasars can be a sum of IC jet X-ray emission and optically thin corona X-ray emission. We compiled a sample of radio-loud BAL quasars that were observed in X-rays to date and report no correlation between their X-ray and radio luminosity. However, the radio-loud BAL quasars show a large range of X-ray luminosities and absorption columns. This is consistent with the results obtained earlier for radio-quiet BAL quasars and may indicate an orientation effect in BAL quasars or more complex dependence between X-ray emission, radio emission, and an orientation based on the radio morphology.
C1 [Kunert-Bajraszewska, Magdalena; Katarzynski, Krzysztof] Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Torun Ctr Astron, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
[Siemiginowska, Aneta] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Janiuk, Agnieszka] Nicholas Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland.
RP Kunert-Bajraszewska, M (reprint author), Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Torun Ctr Astron, Gagarina 11, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
RI Kunert-Bajraszewska, Magdalena/F-9060-2014; Katarzynski,
Krzysztof/G-4528-2014
FU NASA [NAS8-39073]; Chandra X-Ray Observatory Center [GO8-9115X]; Polish
Ministry of Science and Higher Education [N N203 303635]
FX We thank Bozena Czerny for helpful discussions. This research is funded
in part by NASA contract NAS8-39073 and Chandra Award Number GO8-9115X
issued by the Chandra X-Ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. This work was supported by the
Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education under grant no. N N203
303635.
NR 62
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 10
PY 2009
VL 705
IS 2
BP 1356
EP 1363
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/705/2/1356
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 511FQ
UT WOS:000271149700023
ER
PT J
AU Reid, MJ
Menten, KM
Zheng, XW
Brunthaler, A
Xu, Y
AF Reid, M. J.
Menten, K. M.
Zheng, X. W.
Brunthaler, A.
Xu, Y.
TI A TRIGONOMETRIC PARALLAX OF Sgr B2
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE astrometry; Galaxy: fundamental parameters; Galaxy: halo; Galaxy:
kinematics and dynamics; Galaxy: structure; stars: formation
ID SAGITTARIUS-A-ASTERISK; STAR-FORMING REGION; GALACTIC-CENTER; HUBBLE
CONSTANT; STELLAR ORBITS; PROPER MOTION; BLACK-HOLE; H2O MASERS;
MILKY-WAY; DISTANCE
AB We have measured the positions of H(2)O masers in Sgr B2, a massive star-forming region in the Galactic center, relative to an extragalactic radio source with the Very Long Baseline Array. The positions measured at 12 epochs over a time span of one year yield the trigonometric parallax of Sgr B2 and hence a distance to the Galactic center of R(0) = 7.9(-0.7)(+0.8) kpc. The proper motion of Sgr B2 relative to Sgr A* suggests that Sgr B2 is approximate to 0.13 kpc nearer than the Galactic center, assuming a low-eccentricity Galactic orbit.
C1 [Reid, M. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Menten, K. M.; Brunthaler, A.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
[Zheng, X. W.] Nanjing Univ, Dept Astron, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China.
[Xu, Y.] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China.
RP Reid, MJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
FU Chinese National Science Foundation [10673024, 10733030, 10703010,
10621303]; NBPRC [2007CB815403]
FX X.W.Z. and Y.X. were supported by the Chinese National Science
Foundation, through grants NSF 10673024, 10733030, 10703010 and
10621303, and by the NBPRC (973 Program) under grant 2007CB815403.
NR 31
TC 117
Z9 118
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 10
PY 2009
VL 705
IS 2
BP 1548
EP 1553
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/705/2/1548
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 511FQ
UT WOS:000271149700041
ER
PT J
AU Prestwich, AH
Kilgard, RE
Primini, F
McDowell, JC
Zezas, A
AF Prestwich, A. H.
Kilgard, R. E.
Primini, F.
McDowell, J. C.
Zezas, A.
TI THE LUMINOSITY FUNCTION OF X-RAY SOURCES IN SPIRAL GALAXIES
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies spiral; galaxies: starburst; surveys; X-rays: galaxies; X-rays:
general
ID EXTERNAL GALAXIES; CHANDRA SURVEY; BINARIES; M31; INDICATOR
AB X-ray sources in spiral galaxies can be approximately classified into bulge and disk populations. The bulge (or hard) sources have X-ray colors which are consistent with low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) but the disk sources have softer colors suggesting a different type of source. In this paper, we further study the properties of hard and soft sources by constructing color-segregated X-ray luminosity functions (XLFs) for these two populations. Since the number of sources in any given galaxy is small, we co-added sources from a sample of nearby, face-on spiral galaxies observed by Chandra as a Large Project in Cycle 2. We use simulations to carefully correct the XLF for completeness. The composite hard source XLF is not consistent with a single-power-law fit. At luminosities L(x) > 3 x 10(38) erg s(-1), it is well fitted by a power law with a slope that is consistent with that found for sources in elliptical galaxies by Kim & Fabbiano. This supports the suggestion that the hard sources are dominated by LMXBs. In contrast, the high-luminosity XLF of soft sources has a slope similar to the "universal" high-mass X-ray binary XLF. Some of these sources are stellar-mass black hole binaries accreting at high rates in a thermal/steep power-law state. The softest sources have inferred disk temperatures that are considerably lower than found in galactic black holes binaries. These sources are not well understood, but some may be super-soft ultra-luminous X-ray sources in a quiescent state as suggested by Soria & Ghosh.
C1 [Prestwich, A. H.; Primini, F.; McDowell, J. C.; Zezas, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Kilgard, R. E.] Wesleyan Univ, Middletown, CT 06459 USA.
[Zezas, A.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion, Greece.
RP Prestwich, AH (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Zezas, Andreas/C-7543-2011;
OI Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X; Primini, Francis/0000-0002-6077-0643
FU NASA [NAS 8-39073, GO1-2029A]
FX This work was supported by NASA contract NAS 8-39073 (CXC) and
GO1-2029A. Thanks to an anonymous referee for several very useful
suggestions.
NR 22
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 10
PY 2009
VL 705
IS 2
BP 1632
EP 1636
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/705/2/1632
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 511FQ
UT WOS:000271149700049
ER
PT J
AU Mladenovic, M
Lewerenz, M
McCarthy, MC
Thaddeus, P
AF Mladenovic, Mirjana
Lewerenz, Marius
McCarthy, Michael C.
Thaddeus, Patrick
TI Isofulminic acid, HONC: Ab initio theory and microwave spectroscopy
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE ab initio calculations; coupled cluster calculations; Fourier transform
spectra; infrared spectra; isomerism; microwave spectra; molecular
beams; molecular moments; organic compounds; quadrupole coupling;
rotational states; spectral line intensity; vibrational states
ID CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; SPHERICAL POLAR PARAMETRIZATION;
GENERAL POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; CHNO ISOMERS;
ROVIBRATIONAL HAMILTONIANS; EQUILIBRIUM STRUCTURE; LABORATORY DETECTION;
HYPERFINE-STRUCTURE; GALACTIC-CENTER
AB Isofulminic acid, HONC, the most energetic stable isomer of isocyanic acid HNCO, higher in energy by 84 kcal/mol, has been detected spectroscopically by rotational spectroscopy supported by coupled cluster electronic structure calculations. The fundamental rotational transitions of the normal, carbon-13, oxygen-18, and deuterium isotopic species have been detected in the centimeter band in a molecular beam by Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy, and rotational constants and nitrogen and deuterium quadrupole coupling constants have been derived. The measured constants agree well with those predicted by ab initio calculations. A number of other electronic and spectroscopic parameters of isofulminic acid, including the dipole moment, vibrational frequencies, infrared intensities, and centrifugal distortion constants have been calculated at a high level of theory. Isofulminic acid is a good candidate for astronomical detection with radio telescopes because it is highly polar and its more stable isomers (HNCO, HOCN, and HCNO) have all been identified in space.
C1 [Mladenovic, Mirjana; Lewerenz, Marius] Univ Paris Est, Lab Modelisat & Simulat Multi Echelle, MSME FRE3160, CNRS, F-77454 Marne La Vallee 2, France.
[McCarthy, Michael C.; Thaddeus, Patrick] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[McCarthy, Michael C.; Thaddeus, Patrick] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Mladenovic, M (reprint author), Univ Paris Est, Lab Modelisat & Simulat Multi Echelle, MSME FRE3160, CNRS, 5 Bd Descartes, F-77454 Marne La Vallee 2, France.
EM mladenov@univ-mlv.fr; lewerenz@univ-mlv.fr; mccarthy@cfa.harvard.edu;
pthaddeus@cfa.harvard.edu
OI McCarthy, Michael/0000-0001-9142-0008
FU Institut du Developpement et des Ressources en Informatique Scientifique
(IDRIS) [82170]; NSF [CHE-0701204]; NASA [NNX08AE05G]
FX M. M. and M. L. kindly acknowledge the access to the high performance
computers of the Institut du Developpement et des Ressources en
Informatique Scientifique (IDRIS) through Grant No. 82170. The work in
Cambridge is supported by NSF grant (Grant No. CHE-0701204) and NASA
grant (Grant No. NNX08AE05G).
NR 56
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 5
U2 16
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 7
PY 2009
VL 131
IS 17
AR 174308
DI 10.1063/1.3257680
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 518BI
UT WOS:000271664500028
PM 19895013
ER
PT J
AU Presley, MA
Craddock, RA
Zolotova, N
AF Presley, Marsha A.
Craddock, Robert A.
Zolotova, Natalya
TI The effect of salt crust on the thermal conductivity of one sample of
fluvial particulate materials under Martian atmospheric pressures
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY SPECTROMETER; MERIDIANI-PLANUM; CENTRAL AUSTRALIA; MARS; SURFACE;
SOIL; DEPOSITS; ROCKS; MINERALOGY; JAROSITE
AB A line-heat source apparatus was used to measure thermal conductivities of a lightly cemented fluvial sediment (salinity = 1.1 g . kg(-1)), and the same sample with the cement bonds almost completely disrupted, under low pressure, carbon dioxide atmospheres. The thermal conductivities of the cemented sample were approximately 3 x higher, over the range of atmospheric pressures tested, than the thermal conductivities of the same sample after the cement bonds were broken. A thermal conductivity-derived particle size was determined for each sample by comparing these thermal conductivity measurements to previous data that demonstrated the dependence of thermal conductivity on particle size. Actual particle-size distributions were determined via physical separation through brass sieves. When uncemented, 87% of the particles were less than 125 mm in diameter, with 60% of the sample being less than 63 mm in diameter. As much as 35% of the cemented sample was composed of conglomerate particles with diameters greater than 500 mm. The thermal conductivities of the cemented sample were most similar to those of 500-mm glass beads, whereas the thermal conductivities of the uncemented sample were most similar to those of 75-mm glass beads. This study demonstrates that even a small amount of salt cement can significantly increase the thermal conductivity of particulate materials, as predicted by thermal modeling estimates by previous investigators.
C1 [Presley, Marsha A.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Mars Space Flight Facil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Craddock, Robert A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Presley, MA (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Mars Space Flight Facil, Box 876305, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM swmartian@fastmail.fm
RI Craddock, Robert/B-3884-2013
FU NASA [NAG5-12180, NAG5-10214]
FX We appreciate the very thoughtful reviews from Michael Mellon and an
anonymous reviewer, as well as additional comments from Robert Carlson
and Nathan Putzig. These suggestions allowed us to significantly improve
the manuscript. We are grateful to Evert Fruitman and Bill Coleman for
upgrades and repairs to the signal conditioner; to Rossman Irwin, Ruslan
Kusmin, and Ted Maxwell for their help collecting the Australian samples
in the field; to Bryan MacFarlane for particle size analysis; to Everett
Schock for use of the GEOPIG Ion Analysis Laboratory; to Tracy Lund for
running the sample, duplicates, and blanks through the ion chromatograph
columns; and to Phil Christensen for support of the Thermal Conductivity
laboratory at Arizona State University. The Smithsonian Institution
provided the funds for the purchase and transport of the Troxler 3450
moisture density gauge and for the operator license. This study was
primarily supported by NASA grant NAG5-12180, with additional funding
from grant NAG5-10214.
NR 56
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD NOV 7
PY 2009
VL 114
AR E11007
DI 10.1029/2009JE003355
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 517AD
UT WOS:000271584200002
ER
PT J
AU Ren, D
Labandeira, CC
Santiago-Blay, JA
Rasnitsyn, A
Shih, C
Bashkuev, A
Logan, MAV
Hotton, CL
Dilcher, D
AF Ren, Dong
Labandeira, Conrad C.
Santiago-Blay, Jorge A.
Rasnitsyn, Alexandr
Shih, ChungKun
Bashkuev, Alexei
Logan, M. Amelia V.
Hotton, Carol L.
Dilcher, David
TI A Probable Pollination Mode Before Angiosperms: Eurasian, Long-Proboscid
Scorpionflies
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURES; INSECT POLLINATION; POLLEN MORPHOLOGY; FOSSIL
EVIDENCE; DIVERSITY; DIPTERA; DIVERSIFICATION; COEVOLUTION; BRACHYCERA;
MOUTHPARTS
AB The head and mouthpart structures of 11 species of Eurasian scorpionflies represent three extinct and closely related families during a 62-million-year interval from the late Middle Jurassic to the late Early Cretaceous. These taxa had elongate, siphonate ( tubular) proboscides and fed on ovular secretions of extinct gymnosperms. Five potential ovulate host-plant taxa co-occur with these insects: a seed fern, conifer, ginkgoopsid, pentoxylalean, and gnetalean. The presence of scorpionfly taxa suggests that siphonate proboscides fed on gymnosperm pollination drops and likely engaged in pollination mutualisms with gymnosperms during the mid-Mesozoic, long before the similar and independent coevolution of nectar-feeding flies, moths, and beetles on angiosperms. All three scorpionfly families became extinct during the later Early Cretaceous, coincident with global gymnosperm-to-angiosperm turnover.
C1 [Ren, Dong; Shih, ChungKun] Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China.
[Labandeira, Conrad C.; Santiago-Blay, Jorge A.; Hotton, Carol L.; Dilcher, David] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Labandeira, Conrad C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Santiago-Blay, Jorge A.] Gallaudet Univ, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20003 USA.
[Rasnitsyn, Alexandr] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Paleontol, Moscow 117997, Russia.
[Rasnitsyn, Alexandr] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Palaeontol, London SW7 5BD, England.
[Logan, M. Amelia V.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Hotton, Carol L.] Natl Lib Med, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Dilcher, David] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Labandeira, CC (reprint author), Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China.
EM labandec@si.edu
FU National Science Foundation of China [30430100, 40872022]; Natural
Science Foundation of Beijing [5082002]; Key and PHR Program of the
Beijing Municipal Commission of Education; Origin and Evolution of the
Biosphere program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences;
Intramural Research Program of the National Library of Medicine
FX This is contribution 152 of the Evolution of Terrestrial Ecosystems
consortium at the National Museum of Natural History and contribution
614 of the Florida Museum of Natural History. Supported by the National
Science Foundation of China ( grants 30430100 and 40872022), the Natural
Science Foundation of Beijing ( grant 5082002), and the Key and PHR
Program of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education ( D. R.); the
Origin and Evolution of the Biosphere program of the Presidium of the
Russian Academy of Sciences ( A. B.); and the Intramural Research
Program of the National Library of Medicine. We thank F. Marsh for
drafting the figures, T. Lott for a presubmission review, P. Crane for
comments, T. Rose for assistance on the geochemical analyses, J. Corman
for collection of data, B. Wagner and R. Johnson for translations, P.
Peltier for proofreading, and W. Wu for general assistance. X. Wang
provided data and images for Problematospermum ovale, and D. Grimaldi of
the American Museum of Natural History ( New York) made an important
specimen available for study.
NR 54
TC 113
Z9 128
U1 2
U2 49
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD NOV 6
PY 2009
VL 326
IS 5954
BP 840
EP 847
DI 10.1126/science.1178338
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 515KG
UT WOS:000271468000041
PM 19892981
ER
PT J
AU Carter, LM
Campbell, BA
Hawke, BR
Campbell, DB
Nolan, MC
AF Carter, Lynn M.
Campbell, Bruce A.
Hawke, B. Ray
Campbell, Donald B.
Nolan, Michael C.
TI Radar remote sensing of pyroclastic deposits in the southern Mare
Serenitatis and Mare Vaporum regions of the Moon
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
ID WAVELENGTH RADAR; LUNAR; IMAGES
AB We use polarimetric radar observations to study the distribution, depth, and embedded rock abundance of nearside lunar pyroclastic deposits. Radar images were obtained for Mare Vaporum and the southern half of Mare Serenitatis; the imaged areas contain the large Rima Bode, Mare Vaporum, Sulpicius Gallus, and Taurus-Littrow pyroclastic deposits. Potential pyroclastic deposits at Rima Hyginus crater, the Tacquet Formation, and a dome in Mare Vaporum are also included. Data were acquired at S band (12.6 cm wavelength) using Arecibo Observatory and the Green Bank Telescope in a bistatic configuration. The S band images have resolutions between 20 and 100 m/pixel. The pyroclastic deposits appear dark to the radar and have low circular polarization ratios at S band wavelengths because they are smooth, easily penetrable by radar waves, and generally contain few embedded blocks. Changes in circular polarization ratio (CPR) across some of the pyroclastic deposits show areas with increased rock abundance as well as deposits that are shallower. Radar backscatter and CPR maps are used to identify fine-grained mantling deposits in cases where optical and near-infrared data are ambiguous about the presence of pyroclastics. The Tacquet Formation in southern Serenitatis, areas near Hyginus crater, and a dome in Mare Vaporum have lower-backscatter cross sections than would be expected for mare basalts of similar estimated titanium content. Combined with very low CPR values, this is strong evidence that these areas are covered in fine-grained pyroclastic mantling material.
C1 [Carter, Lynn M.; Campbell, Bruce A.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Hawke, B. Ray] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Campbell, Donald B.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Nolan, Michael C.] Natl Astron & Ionosphere Ctr, Arecibo Observ, Arecibo, PR 00612 USA.
RP Carter, LM (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM carterl@si.edu
RI Carter, Lynn/D-2937-2012; Nolan, Michael/H-4980-2012
OI Nolan, Michael/0000-0001-8316-0680
NR 30
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 3
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD NOV 5
PY 2009
VL 114
AR E11004
DI 10.1029/2009JE003406
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 517AC
UT WOS:000271584100002
ER
PT J
AU Hill, EM
Davis, JL
Elosegui, P
Wernicke, BP
Malikowski, E
Niemi, NA
AF Hill, Emma M.
Davis, James L.
Elosegui, Pedro
Wernicke, Brian P.
Malikowski, Eric
Niemi, Nathan A.
TI Characterization of site-specific GPS errors using a short-baseline
network of braced monuments at Yucca Mountain, southern Nevada
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME-SERIES; SURFACE MONUMENTS; FAULT SLIP; POSITION; INTERFEROMETRY;
MOTION; DISPLACEMENT; DEFORMATION; VELOCITIES; CALIFORNIA
AB We use a short-baseline network of braced monuments to investigate site-specific GPS effects. The network has baseline lengths of similar to 10, 100, and 1000 m. Baseline time series have root mean square (RMS) residuals, about a model for the seasonal cycle, of 0.05-0.24 mm for the horizontal components and 0.20-0.72 mm for the radial. Seasonal cycles occur, with amplitudes of 0.04-0.60 mm, even for the horizontal components and even for the shortest baselines. For many time series these lag seasonal cycles in local temperature measurements by 23-43 days. This could suggest that they are related to bedrock thermal expansion. Both shorter-period signals and seasonal cycles for shorter baselines to REP2, the one short-braced monument in our network, are correlated with temperature, with no lag time. Differences between REP2 and the other stations, which are deep-braced, should reflect processes occurring in the upper few meters of the ground. These correlations may be related to thermal expansion of these upper ground layers, and/or thermal expansion of the monuments themselves. Even over these short distances we see a systematic increase in RMS values with increasing baseline length. This, and the low RMS levels, suggests that site-specific effects are unlikely to be the limiting factor in the use of similar GPS sites for geophysical investigations.
C1 [Hill, Emma M.; Davis, James L.; Malikowski, Eric] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Elosegui, Pedro] CSIC IEEC, Inst Space Sci, E-8034 Barcelona, Spain.
[Niemi, Nathan A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Geol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Wernicke, Brian P.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Hill, EM (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 42, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM ehill@cfa.harvard.edu; jdavis@cfa.harvard.edu; pelosegui@ice.csic.es;
brian@gps.caltech.edu; emalikowski@cfa.harvard.edu; naniemi@umich.edu
RI Niemi, Nathan/A-9996-2011; Hill, Emma/B-7037-2011; Davis,
James/D-8766-2013;
OI Hill, Emma/0000-0003-0231-5818; Davis, James/0000-0003-3057-477X; Niemi,
Nathan/0000-0002-3380-3024
FU U. S. Department of Energy; NSF [EAR-0346147, EAR-0135457, EAR0809195,
EAR-0810328]
FX This work was funded by the U. S. Department of Energy, and NSF grants
EAR-0346147, EAR-0135457, EAR0809195, and EAR-0810328. UNAVCO, Inc.
supports BARGEN site operation and maintenance. Bob King (MIT) was, as
always, extremely gracious with his assistance and advice regarding the
GAMIT software. We are also grateful to Jeff Behr (Orion Monitoring
Systems, Inc.) for providing technical assistance and detailed station
information from the field and to two anonymous reviewers whose
insightful comments significantly improved the quality of this
manuscript.
NR 46
TC 26
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD NOV 5
PY 2009
VL 114
AR B11402
DI 10.1029/2008JB006027
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 517AH
UT WOS:000271584600002
ER
PT J
AU Kress, WJ
Erickson, DL
Jones, FA
Swenson, NG
Perez, R
Sanjur, O
Bermingham, E
AF Kress, W. John
Erickson, David L.
Andrew Jones, F.
Swenson, Nathan G.
Perez, Rolando
Sanjur, Oris
Bermingham, Eldredge
TI Plant DNA barcodes and a community phylogeny of a tropical forest
dynamics plot in Panama
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID NONCODING CHLOROPLAST DNA; FLOWERING PLANTS; PARSIMONY ANALYSIS; LAND
PLANTS; SEQUENCES; ECOLOGY; EXAMPLE; SCALE; TREES; SUPERTREE
AB The assembly of DNA barcode libraries is particularly relevant within species-rich natural communities for which accurate species identifications will enable detailed ecological forensic studies. In addition, well-resolved molecular phylogenies derived from these DNA barcode sequences have the potential to improve investigations of the mechanisms underlying community assembly and functional trait evolution. To date, no studies have effectively applied DNA barcodes sensu strictu in this manner. In this report, we demonstrate that a three-locus DNA barcode when applied to 296 species of woody trees, shrubs, and palms found within the 50-ha Forest Dynamics Plot on Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama, resulted in >98% correct identifications. These DNA barcode sequences are also used to reconstruct a robust community phylogeny employing a supermatrix method for 281 of the 296 plant species in the plot. The three-locus barcode data were sufficient to reliably reconstruct evolutionary relationships among the plant taxa in the plot that are congruent with the broadly accepted phylogeny of flowering plants (APG II). Earlier work on the phylogenetic structure of the BCI forest dynamics plot employing less resolved phylogenies reveals significant differences in evolutionary and ecological inferences compared with our data and suggests that unresolved community phylogenies may have increased type I and type II errors. These results illustrate how highly resolved phylogenies based on DNA barcode sequence data will enhance research focused on the interface between community ecology and evolution.
C1 [Kress, W. John; Erickson, David L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Andrew Jones, F.; Perez, Rolando; Sanjur, Oris; Bermingham, Eldredge] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa Ancon, Panama.
[Andrew Jones, F.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England.
[Swenson, Nathan G.] Harvard Univ Herbaria, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Asia Program, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Kress, WJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC-166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM kressj@si.edu
RI Jones, Andy/C-3460-2009; Swenson, Nathan/A-3514-2012
OI Swenson, Nathan/0000-0003-3819-9767
FU National Science Foundation [DEB 043665]; Smithsonian Institution;
Tupper Postdoctoral Fellowship in Tropical Biology
FX We thank Ida Lopez for assistance with the figures, Lee Wurdack for
advice in the lab, Jamie Whitaker for sequence data management, Kyle
Harms for providing the habitat maps for Barro Colorado Island, and
Steve Hubbell for the insights and energy that he has put into the
Forest Dynamics Plot. This work supported by National Science Foundation
Grant DEB 043665, the Smithsonian Institution, and a Tupper Postdoctoral
Fellowship in Tropical Biology.
NR 41
TC 230
Z9 270
U1 11
U2 95
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD NOV 3
PY 2009
VL 106
IS 44
BP 18621
EP 18626
DI 10.1073/pnas.0909820106
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 514XM
UT WOS:000271429800039
PM 19841276
ER
PT J
AU Wing, SL
Herrera, F
Jaramillo, CA
Gomez-Navarro, C
Wilf, P
Labandeira, CC
AF Wing, Scott L.
Herrera, Fabiany
Jaramillo, Carlos A.
Gomez-Navarro, Carolina
Wilf, Peter
Labandeira, Conrad C.
TI Late Paleocene fossils from the Cerrejon Formation, Colombia, are the
earliest record of Neotropical rainforest
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE diversity; stability; paleoclimate; paleobotany; Fabaceae
ID RAPID DIVERSIFICATION; MULTIPLE COMMUNITIES; SPECIES-DIVERSITY;
AMAZONIAN FORESTS; NORTHERN COLOMBIA; LEAF MARGINS; CLIMATE; PLANT;
RICHNESS; TEMPERATURES
AB Neotropical rainforests have a very poor fossil record, making hypotheses concerning their origins difficult to evaluate. Nevertheless, some of their most important characteristics can be preserved in the fossil record: high plant diversity, dominance by a distinctive combination of angiosperm families, a preponderance of plant species with large, smooth-margined leaves, and evidence for a high diversity of herbivorous insects. Here, we report on an approximate to 58-my-old flora from the Cerrejon Formation of Colombia (paleolatitude approximate to 5 degrees N) that is the earliest megafossil record of Neotropical rainforest. The flora has abundant, diverse palms and legumes and similar family composition to extant Neotropical rainforest. Three-quarters of the leaf types are large and entire-margined, indicating rainfall >2,500 mm/year and mean annual temperature >25 degrees C. Despite modern family composition and tropical paleoclimate, the diversity of fossil pollen and leaf samples is 60-80% that of comparable samples from extant and Quaternary Neotropical rainforest from similar climates. Insect feeding damage on Cerrejon fossil leaves, representing primary consumers, is abundant, but also of low diversity, and overwhelmingly made by generalist feeders rather than specialized herbivores. Cerrejon megafossils provide strong evidence that the same Neotropical rainforest families have characterized the biome since the Paleocene, maintaining their importance through climatic phases warmer and cooler than present. The low diversity of both plants and herbivorous insects in this Paleocene Neotropical rainforest may reflect an early stage in the diversification of the lineages that inhabit this biome, and/or a long recovery period from the terminal Cretaceous extinction.
C1 [Wing, Scott L.; Labandeira, Conrad C.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Herrera, Fabiany; Jaramillo, Carlos A.; Gomez-Navarro, Carolina] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
[Herrera, Fabiany] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Herrera, Fabiany] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Gomez-Navarro, Carolina] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Wilf, Peter] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Wing, SL (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM wings@si.edu
OI Wing, Scott/0000-0002-2954-8905
FU Carbones del Cerrejon; Explorers Club; Corporacion Geologica Ares;
Colombian Petroleum Institute; Fondo para la Investigacion de la Ciencia
y Tecnologia del Banco de la Republica of Colombia; United States
National Science Foundation; Ryan Family Foundation; Smithsonian
Institution
FX This research was made possible through the collaboration and assistance
of Leon Teicher, Fernando Chavez, and the geology team at Minas
Cerrejon. We thank Hernan Antolinez, German Bayona, Jon Bloch, Edwin
Cadena, Edwin Correa, David Dilcher, Gabriela Doria, Regan Dunn, Beth
Ellis, Paola Florez, Ivan Gutierrez, Kirk Johnson, Camilo Montes, Felipe
de la Parra, Angelo Plata, Monica Ramirez, Aldo Rincon, Carlos Sanchez,
Carolina Vargas, and Erik Wing for help with field work in Colombia and
Brazil. Hermann Behling shared unpublished data from the Piusbi1 and
Monica1 cores; Lagoa das Patas data were downloaded from the Latin
American Pollen Database, http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/lapd.html. Beth
Ellis provided updated information on the Castle Rock flora. Walton
Green collaborated in writing R scripts for the additive diversity
analysis, available at http://www.bricol.net/stratigraph/. Daniel Peppe
shared an unpublished compilation of leaf margin data that influenced
our thinking about leaf physiognomic analyses. C.J. thanks the
Biostratigraphic Team at the Colombian Petroleum Institute, Universidad
Industrial de Santander of Colombia, and M. I. Barreto for her support
and ideas. This work was funded by Carbones del Cerrejon, The Explorers
Club (Youth Activity Fund grant) (F.H. and C.G.), Corporacion Geologica
Ares, the Colombian Petroleum Institute, Fondo para la Investigacion de
la Ciencia y Tecnologia del Banco de la Republica of Colombia, United
States National Science Foundation grants (C.J. and P.W.), the Ryan
Family Foundation (P.W.), and the Smithsonian Institution. This paper is
contribution 177 of the Evolution of Terrestrial Ecosystems Program at
the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C.
NR 54
TC 73
Z9 80
U1 1
U2 23
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD NOV 3
PY 2009
VL 106
IS 44
BP 18627
EP 18632
DI 10.1073/pnas.0905130106
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 514XM
UT WOS:000271429800040
PM 19833876
ER
PT J
AU Schmidt, S
Smith, DR
AF Schmidt, Stefan
Smith, David R.
TI The Australian species of the subfamily Pergulinae, with descriptions of
two new Pergula Morice species (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Pergidae)
SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE new species; Pergula; Pergulinae; revision; sawfly
AB The Pergulinae occur in South America and Australia with a single genus on each continent. The Australian genus Pergula Morice was known only from a single male of Pergula turneri Morice, 1919, from the south-western part of Western Australia. Two additional species are described, Pergula exilis sp. nov. from Western Australia and Pergula xantha sp. nov. from Queensland and New South Wales. The female of P. xantha is the first female described for the genus, and the species is the first record of the genus for eastern Australia. A key is provided for separation of species.
C1 [Schmidt, Stefan] Zool Staatssammlung, D-81247 Munich, Germany.
[Smith, David R.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Schmidt, S (reprint author), Zool Staatssammlung, Munchhausenstr 21, D-81247 Munich, Germany.
EM stefan.schmidt@zsm.mwn.de
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1326-6756
J9 AUST J ENTOMOL
JI Aust. J. Entomol.
PD NOV 2
PY 2009
VL 48
BP 300
EP 304
DI 10.1111/j.1440-6055.2009.00709.x
PG 5
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 518UJ
UT WOS:000271719500007
ER
PT J
AU Schmidt, S
Smith, DR
AF Schmidt, Stefan
Smith, David R.
TI Selandriinae, a subfamily of Tenthredinidae new to Australia, and a
review of other Australian Tenthredinidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta)
SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Allantinae; Blennocampinae; Nematinae; new species; sawfly; Selandriinae
ID OLIGOSPILUS FORSTER HYMENOPTERA; SYNOPSIS; WILLOWS; AMERICA; SOUTH
AB Ten species of Tenthredinidae are now known in Australia. The subfamily Selandriinae is recorded for the first time, with the description of Neostromboceros teres sp. nov. Nematus oligospilus Forster, a Salix-feeding species, is recently adventive in Australia. A new Queensland record is given for Senoclidea purpurata (F. Smith), a species previously recorded as Senoclidea furva (Konow). Four of the 10 species are considered native to Australia, and six of them have been introduced. A key is provided for the 10 species.
C1 [Schmidt, Stefan] Zool Staatssammlung, D-81247 Munich, Germany.
[Smith, David R.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Schmidt, S (reprint author), Zool Staatssammlung, Munchhausenstr 21, D-81247 Munich, Germany.
EM stefan.schmidt@zsm.mwn.de
NR 25
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1326-6756
J9 AUST J ENTOMOL
JI Aust. J. Entomol.
PD NOV 2
PY 2009
VL 48
BP 305
EP 309
DI 10.1111/j.1440-6055.2009.00710.x
PG 5
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 518UJ
UT WOS:000271719500008
ER
EF