FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Knaff, JA Sampson, CR AF Knaff, John A. Sampson, Charles R. TI After a Decade Are Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Gale Force Wind Radii Forecasts Now Skillful? SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article ID IMPROVEMENTS; SYSTEM AB The National Hurricane Center (NHC) has a long history of forecasting the radial extent of gale force or 34-knot (kt; where 1 kt = 0.51 m s(-1)) winds for tropical cyclones in their area of responsibility. These are referred to collectively as gale force wind radii forecasts. These forecasts are generated as part of the 6-hourly advisory messages made available to the public. In 2004, NHC began a routine of postanalysis or "best tracking" of gale force wind radii that continues to this day. At approximately the same time, a statistical wind radii forecast, based solely on climatology and persistence, was implemented so that NHC all-wind radii forecasts could be evaluated for skill. This statistical wind radii baseline forecast is also currently used in several applications as a substitute for or to augment NHC wind radii forecasts. This investigation examines the performance of NHC gale force wind radii forecasts in the North Atlantic over the last decade. Results presented within indicate that NHC's gale force wind radii forecasts have increased in skill relative to the best tracks by several measures, and now significantly outperform statistical wind radii baseline forecasts. These results indicate that it may be time to reinvestigate whether applications that depend on wind radii forecast information can be improved through better use of NHC wind radii forecast information. C1 [Knaff, John A.] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Sampson, Charles R.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. RP Knaff, JA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, NOAA, NESDIS, CIRA, Campus Delivery 1375, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM john.knaff@noaa.gov RI Knaff, John /F-5599-2010 OI Knaff, John /0000-0003-0427-1409 FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors would like to acknowledge the staff at the National Hurricane Center for their diligence in 10 years of best tracking the wind radii, and also Ann Schrader and Mike Frost for helping to make that process a bit easier. We also acknowledge the Office of Naval Research for funding efforts to improve tropical cyclone intensity forecasting. We thank Jack Dostalek and Kate Musgrave of CIRA and James Franklin of NHC for comments on the initial manuscript. Further improvements were also inspired by comments from the two anonymous reviewers. The views, opinions, and findings contained in this report are those of the authors and should not be construed as an official National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or U.S. government position, policy, or decision. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0882-8156 EI 1520-0434 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 30 IS 3 BP 702 EP 709 DI 10.1175/WAF-D-14-00149.1 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CJ7FG UT WOS:000355659300012 ER PT J AU Drew, B Bennett, BL Littlejohn, L AF Drew, Brendon Bennett, Brad L. Littlejohn, Lanny TI Application of Current Hemorrhage Control Techniques for Backcountry Care: Part One, Tourniquets and Hemorrhage Control Adjuncts SO WILDERNESS & ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE hemorrhage; hemostasis; tourniquet; trauma; prehospital; hemostatic agents; topical; dressing; bandage ID AFGHANISTAN COMBAT ENVIRONMENT; LOWER-LIMB HEMORRHAGE; TRAUMA; BATTLEFIELD; DRESSINGS; EFFICACY; DEATH AB Decade-long advancements in battlefield medicine have revolutionized the treatment of traumatic hemorrhage and have led to a significant reduction in mortality. Older methods such as limb elevation and pressure points are no longer recommended. Tourniquets have had a profound effect on lives saved without the commonly feared safety issues that have made them controversial. Unique tourniquet designs for inguinal and abdominal regions are now available for areas not amenable to current fielded extremity tourniquets. This article, the first of two parts, reviews the literature for advancements in prehospital hemorrhage control for any provider in the austere setting. It emphasizes the significant evidence-based advances in tourniquet use on the extremities that have occurred in battlefield trauma medicine since 2001 and reviews the newer junctional tourniquet devices. Recommendations are made for equipment and techniques for controlling hemorrhage in the wilderness setting. C1 [Drew, Brendon] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA USA. [Bennett, Brad L.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Mil & Emergency Med Dept, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Littlejohn, Lanny] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP Bennett, BL (reprint author), POB 235, Bena, VA 23018 USA. EM brad@wms.org NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1080-6032 EI 1545-1534 J9 WILD ENVIRON MED JI Wildern. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 26 IS 2 BP 236 EP 245 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences GA CJ8UL UT WOS:000355778900021 PM 25704875 ER PT J AU Littlejohn, L Bennett, BL Drew, B AF Littlejohn, Lanny Bennett, Brad L. Drew, Brendon TI Application of Current Hemorrhage Control Techniques for Backcountry Care: Part Two, Hemostatic Dressings and Other Adjuncts SO WILDERNESS & ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE hemorrhage; hemostasis; trauma; prehospital; hemostatic agents; topical; dressing; bandage ID CIRCUMFERENTIAL COMPRESSION DEVICES; EXTREMITY ARTERIAL HEMORRHAGE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; TRANEXAMIC ACID; PELVIC FRACTURES; COMBAT OPERATIONS; TRAUMA PATIENTS; AGENT QUIKCLOT; CASE SERIES; BLOOD-LOSS AB Decade-long advances in battlefield medicine have revolutionized the treatment of traumatic hemorrhage and have led to a significant reduction in mortality. Part one of this review covered the use of tourniquets on the extremities and the newer devices for use in junctional areas. Part two focuses on the use of hemostatic agents or dressings, pelvic binders, and tranexamic acid. Field applicable hemostatic dressings are safe and effective in controlling hemorrhage not amenable to extremity tourniquet application, and newer agents with increasing efficacy continue to be developed. Most of these agents are inexpensive and lightweight, making them ideal products for use in wilderness medicine. The use of pelvic binders to stabilize suspected pelvic fractures has gained new interest as these products are developed and refined, and the prehospital use of tranexamic acid, a potent antifibrinolytic, has been found to be life saving in patients at risk of death from severe hemorrhage. Recommendations are made for equipment and techniques for controlling hemorrhage in the wilderness setting. C1 [Littlejohn, Lanny] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Bennett, Brad L.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Mil & Emergency Med Dept, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Drew, Brendon] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA USA. RP Bennett, BL (reprint author), POB 235, Bena, VA 23018 USA. EM brad@wms.org NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1080-6032 EI 1545-1534 J9 WILD ENVIRON MED JI Wildern. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 26 IS 2 BP 246 EP 254 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences GA CJ8UL UT WOS:000355778900022 PM 25704877 ER PT J AU Brock, WW Carter, B Cunningham, CA Sribanditmongkol, V Brandon, DH Thompson, J Hoehn, V AF Brock, Whitney W. Carter, Brigit Cunningham, Craig A. Sribanditmongkol, Vorachai Brandon, Debra H. Thompson, Julie Hoehn, Valerie TI Milk Technicians in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Quality Improvement Initiative for the Preparation of Enteral Nutrition SO ADVANCES IN NEONATAL CARE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Brock, Whitney W.; Carter, Brigit; Brandon, Debra H.; Thompson, Julie] Duke Univ, Sch Nursing, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Cunningham, Craig A.; Sribanditmongkol, Vorachai; Hoehn, Valerie] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Nursing Res Dept, Portsmouth, VA USA. EM whitneybrock715@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1536-0903 EI 1536-0911 J9 ADV NEONAT CARE JI Adv. Neonatal Care PD JUN PY 2015 VL 15 IS 3 BP E5 EP E6 DI 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000181 PG 2 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA CJ2JF UT WOS:000355309600006 ER PT J AU Guo, LW Lu, WJ Bennett, BR Boos, JB del Alamo, JA AF Guo, Luke W. Lu, Wenjie Bennett, Brian R. Boos, John Brad del Alamo, Jesus A. TI Ultralow Resistance Ohmic Contacts for p-Channel InGaSb Field-Effect Transistors SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Antimonide; nano contacts; TLM; contact resistivity; quantum-well FET; nano-TLM ID SOURCE/DRAIN; MOSFETS; INAS AB We demonstrate ultralow ohmic contact resistance to antimonide-based, p-channel quantum-well field-effect transistor (QW-FET) structures using a new p(+)-InAs/InAsSb cap structure. The incorporation of a p(+)-InAsSb layer enables the use of a thicker cap with lower sheet resistance, resulting in an improved contact resistivity. Using a Pd-based ohmic scheme, the composite cap structure resulted in a 4x reduction in contact resistance compared with a standard p(+)-InAs cap. This translates into nearly 3x improvement in the g(m) of fabricated InGaSb p-channel QW-FETs. Furthermore, Ni contacts on the composite cap were fabricated and a contact resistance of 45 Omega center dot mu m was obtained. An accurate contact resistivity extraction in this very low range is possible through nanotransmission line models with sub-100 nm contacts. In devices of this kind with Ni-based contacts, we derive an ultralow contact resistivity of 5.2 center dot 10-8 Omega center dot cm(2). C1 [Guo, Luke W.; Lu, Wenjie; del Alamo, Jesus A.] MIT, Microsyst Technol Labs, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Bennett, Brian R.; Boos, John Brad] US Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Guo, LW (reprint author), MIT, Microsyst Technol Labs, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM wenjie@mit.edu RI Bennett, Brian/A-8850-2008 OI Bennett, Brian/0000-0002-2437-4213 FU Samsung; Intel Corporation FX This work was supported by Samsung and Intel Corporation. The review of this letter was arranged by Editor R. Quay. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0741-3106 EI 1558-0563 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 36 IS 6 BP 546 EP 548 DI 10.1109/LED.2015.2421337 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA CJ1OE UT WOS:000355252300006 ER PT J AU Ita, EE AF Ita, Eyo Eyo, III TI Four-dimensional gravity as an almost-Poisson system SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS D LA English DT Article DE Almost-Poisson; symplectic; Instanton representation; constraint AB In this paper, we examine the phase space structure of a noncanonical formulation of four-dimensional gravity referred to as the Instanton representation of Plebanski gravity (IRPG). The typical Hamiltonian (symplectic) approach leads to an obstruction to the definition of a symplectic structure on the full phase space of the IRPG. We circumvent this obstruction, using the Lagrange equations of motion, to find the appropriate generalization of the Poisson bracket. It is shown that the IRPG does not support a Poisson bracket except on the vector constraint surface. Yet there exists a fundamental bilinear operation on its phase space which produces the correct equations of motion and induces the correct transformation properties of the basic fields. This bilinear operation is known as the almost-Poisson bracket, which fails to satisfy the Jacobi identity and in this case also the condition of antisymmetry. We place these results into the overall context of nonsymplectic systems. C1 US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Ita, EE (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM ita@usna.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-2718 EI 1793-6594 J9 INT J MOD PHYS D JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. D PD JUN PY 2015 VL 24 IS 7 AR 1550047 DI 10.1142/S0218271815500479 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CJ2PO UT WOS:000355327200004 ER PT J AU Warn-Varnas, A Ko, DS Gangopadhyay, A AF Warn-Varnas, Alex Ko, Dong S. Gangopadhyay, Avijit TI Signatures of tidal interference patterns in the South China Sea SO JOURNAL OF OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Tidal interference pattern; South China Sea; Internal tide; Luzon Strait Nowcast/Forecast System (LZSNFS); Linear knife-edge model ID INTERNAL SOLITARY WAVES; LUZON STRAIT; GENERATION; TIDES; PROPAGATION; PREDICTION; RIDGE; MODEL AB The formation of arc-type structures in the surface elevation and temperature fields due to internal tidal (IT) waves is studied in the region of the South China Sea (SCS) and Luzon Strait. It is demonstrated that these arc-type structures in the surface elevation and temperature at depth result from the merging of IT waves. Predictions of internal baroclinic tides are conducted with a nonlinear hydrostatic model, the Luzon Strait Nowcast/Forecast System, forced with tides, realistic surface forcing and stratification (Appendix 1). It is shown that IT waves generated by the undersea ridges near the Batan and Babuyan Islands in the Luzon Strait propagate westward and merge into arcs in the SCS. The superposition of IT waves is also investigated with a linear knife-edge model (Appendix 2). M-2 and K-1 tidal waves are considered. It is demonstrated that K-1, M-2 tidal waves from the Babuyan Islands combine with waves from the Batan Islands to form arc signatures in sea surface elevation and warm spots in the South China Sea. Possible modulation effects of K-1 waves on M-2 waves are shown. Dynamics of the nonlinear hydrostatic model shape the arc segments differently from the linear model. Arc lengths increase from the sources in nonlinear and linear models. The model-predicted merged IT waves are compared with SAR images. C1 [Warn-Varnas, Alex] Jacobs Technol Inc, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Warn-Varnas, Alex; Gangopadhyay, Avijit] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dept Estuarine & Ocean Sci, Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA. [Ko, Dong S.] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Ko, DS (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM ko@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [PE62435N, N00014-05WX-2-0647] FX The work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under PE62435N for AWV and N00014-05WX-2-0647 for DSK, with technical management provided by the Naval Research Laboratory. We thank Gretchen Dawson and Paul Martin for the early NCOM predictions and analysis. Helpful comments from two anonymous reviewers are appreciated. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0916-8370 EI 1573-868X J9 J OCEANOGR JI J. Oceanogr. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 71 IS 3 BP 251 EP 262 DI 10.1007/s10872-015-0282-8 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA CJ0QF UT WOS:000355181400003 ER PT J AU Lim, TW AF Lim, Tae W. TI Point cloud modeling using the homogeneous transformation for non-cooperative pose estimation SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA LA English DT Article DE Non-cooperative pose estimation; Homogeneous transformation; Point cloud modeling; Flash lidar; Proximity operation ID ATTITUDE ESTIMATION; RELATIVE POSITION; SPACECRAFT; DOCKING AB A modeling process to simulate point cloud range data that a lidar (light detection and ranging) sensor produces is presented in this paper in order to support the development of non-cooperative pose (relative attitude and position) estimation approaches which will help improve proximity operation capabilities between two adjacent vehicles. The algorithms in the modeling process were based on the homogeneous transformation, which has been employed extensively in robotics and computer graphics, as well as in recently developed pose estimation algorithms. Using a flash lidar in a laboratory testing environment, point cloud data of a test article was simulated and compared against the "measured point cloud data. The simulated and measured data sets match closely, validating the modeling process. The modeling capability enables close examination of the characteristics of point cloud images of an object as it undergoes various translational and rotational motions. Relevant characteristics that will be crucial in non-cooperative pose estimation were identified such as shift, shadowing, perspective projection, jagged edges, and differential point cloud density. These characteristics will have to be considered in developing effective non-cooperative pose estimation algorithms. The modeling capability will allow extensive non-cooperative pose estimation performance simulations prior to field testing, saving development cost and providing performance metrics of the pose estimation concepts and algorithms under evaluation. The modeling process also provides "truth" pose of the test objects with respect to the sensor frame so that the pose estimation error can be quantified. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of IAA. C1 US Naval Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Lim, TW (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM lim@usna.edu FU Naval Academy Research Council; Office of the Naval Research FX This research is supported by the Naval Academy Research Council and the Office of the Naval Research. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0094-5765 EI 1879-2030 J9 ACTA ASTRONAUT JI Acta Astronaut. PD JUN-JUL PY 2015 VL 111 BP 61 EP 76 DI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2015.02.002 PG 16 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA CI2NY UT WOS:000354585500006 ER PT J AU Baggenstoss, PM AF Baggenstoss, Paul M. TI Maximum Entropy PDF Design Using Feature Density Constraints: Applications in Signal Processing SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Maximum entropy; statistical learning; statistical distributions; PDF estimation ID CLASSIFICATION; THEOREM AB This paper revisits an existing method of constructing high-dimensional probability density functions (PDFs) based on the PDF at the output of a dimension-reducing feature transformation. We show how to modify the method so that it can provide the PDF with the highest entropy among all PDFs that generate the given low-dimensional PDF. The method is completely general and applies to arbitrary feature transformations. The chain-rule is described for multi-stage feature calculations typically used in signal processing. Examples are given including MFCC and auto-regressive features. Experimental verification of the results using simulated data is provided including a comparison with competing generative methods. C1 Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02840 USA. RP Baggenstoss, PM (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02840 USA. EM p.m.baggenstoss@ieee.org FU Naval Udersea Warcere Center, Newport, RI FX This work was partially funded by internal research grant by the Naval Udersea Warcere Center, Newport, RI. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1053-587X EI 1941-0476 J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD JUN 1 PY 2015 VL 63 IS 11 BP 2815 EP 2825 DI 10.1109/TSP.2015.2419189 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA CH9UO UT WOS:000354382100007 ER PT J AU Patzold, M Sibille, A Wong, K Zajic, A AF Patzold, Matthias Sibille, Alain Wong, KainamThomas Zajic, Alenka TI The State of the Art in Propagation and Mobile Channel Modeling SO IEEE VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY MAGAZINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Patzold, Matthias] Ant Nachrichtentech GmbH, Digital Satellite Commun, Backnang, Germany. [Patzold, Matthias] Tech Univ Hamburg, Dept Digital Networks, Hamburg, Germany. [Patzold, Matthias] Univ Agder, Mobile Commun, Grimstad, Norway. [Sibille, Alain] France Telecom R&D, Paris, France. [Sibille, Alain] ENS TA ParisTech, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Paris, France. [Wong, KainamThomas] Gen Motors Tech Ctr, Warren, MI USA. [Wong, KainamThomas] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Zajic, Alenka] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zajic, Alenka] Skyworks Solut Inc, Woburn, MA USA. RP Patzold, M (reprint author), Univ Agder, Mobile Commun, Grimstad, Norway. EM matthias.paetzold@uia.no; ktwong@ieee.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1556-6072 EI 1556-6080 J9 IEEE VEH TECHNOL MAG JI IEEE Veh. Technol. Mag. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 10 IS 2 BP 26 EP 103 DI 10.1109/MVT.2015.2412192 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Telecommunications; Transportation GA CI6JV UT WOS:000354866100005 ER PT J AU Lambrakos, SG Shabaev, A Huang, L AF Lambrakos, S. G. Shabaev, A. Huang, L. TI Inverse Thermal Analysis of Titanium GTA Welds Using Multiple Constraints SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE joining; modeling and simulation; thermal analysis; welding ID FLUID-FLOW; GENETIC ALGORITHM; HEAT; OPTIMIZATION; PARAMETERS; TI-6AL-4V AB Inverse thermal analysis of titanium gas-tungsten-arc welds using multiple constraint conditions is presented. This analysis employs a methodology that is in terms of numerical-analytical basis functions for inverse thermal analysis of steady-state energy deposition in plate structures. The results of this type of analysis provide parametric representations of weld temperature histories that can be adopted as input data to various types of computational procedures, such as those for prediction of solid-state phase transformations. In addition, these temperature histories can be used to construct parametric function representations for inverse thermal analysis of welds corresponding to other process parameters or welding processes whose process conditions are within similar regimes. The present study applies an inverse thermal analysis procedure that provides for the inclusion of constraint conditions associated with both solidification and phase transformation boundaries. C1 [Lambrakos, S. G.; Huang, L.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Shabaev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Lambrakos, SG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Code 6390, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM samuel.lambrakos@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) internal core program FX This work was supported by a Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) internal core program. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 EI 1544-1024 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 24 IS 6 SI SI BP 2401 EP 2411 DI 10.1007/s11665-015-1511-4 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA CI6SF UT WOS:000354890800030 ER PT J AU Eckermann, SD Ma, J Broutman, D AF Eckermann, Stephen D. Ma, Jun Broutman, Dave TI Effects of Horizontal Geometrical Spreading on the Parameterization of Orographic Gravity Wave Drag. Part I: Numerical Transform Solutions SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID OFFICE UNIFIED MODEL; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; ANISOTROPIC OROGRAPHY; GENERAL-CIRCULATION; HYDROSTATIC FLOW; MOMENTUM FLUXES; PARAMETRIZATION; IMPROVEMENTS; SENSITIVITY; FORMULATION AB Numerical transform solutions for hydrostatic gravity waves generated by both uniform and sheared flow over elliptical obstacles are used to quantify effects of horizontal geometrical spreading on amplitude evolution with height. Both vertical displacement and steepness amplitudes are considered because of their close connections to drag parameterizations in weather and climate models. Novel diagnostics quantify the location and value of the largest wavefield amplitudes most likely to break at each altitude. These horizontal locations do not stray far from the obstacle peak even at high altitudes. Resulting vertical profiles of wave amplitude are normalized to remove density and refraction effects, thereby quantifying the horizontal geometrical spreading contribution, currently absent from parameterizations. Horizontal geometrical spreading produces monotonic amplitude decreases with height through wave-action conservation as waves propagate into progressively larger horizontal areas. Accumulated amplitude reductions are appreciable for all but the most quasi-two-dimensional obstacles with long axes orthogonal to the flow, and even these are impacted appreciably if the obstacle is rotated by more than 20 degrees-30 degrees. Profiles are insensitive to the obstacle's functional form but vary strongly in response to changes in its horizontal aspect ratio. Responses to background winds are captured by a vertical coordinate transformation that remaps profiles to a universal form for a given obstacle. These results show that horizontal geometrical spreading has comparable or larger effects on wave amplitudes as the refraction of vertical wavenumbers and thus is important for accurate parameterizations of wave breaking and drag. C1 [Eckermann, Stephen D.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ma, Jun; Broutman, Dave] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA USA. RP Eckermann, SD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Geospace Sci & Technol Branch, Div Space Sci, Code 7631,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM stephen.eckermann@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the NRL 6.1 Accelerated Research Initiative "The Boundary Paradox"; ONR's Departmental Research Initiative "Unified Physical Parameterizations for Seasonal Prediction"; DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program at the Navy DoD Supercomputing Resource Center FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the NRL 6.1 Accelerated Research Initiative "The Boundary Paradox," by ONR's Departmental Research Initiative "Unified Physical Parameterizations for Seasonal Prediction," and in part by a grant of computer time from the DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program at the Navy DoD Supercomputing Resource Center. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 EI 1520-0469 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 72 IS 6 BP 2330 EP 2347 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-14-0147.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CI9RW UT WOS:000355108500009 ER PT J AU Eckermann, SD Broutman, D Knight, H AF Eckermann, Stephen D. Broutman, Dave Knight, Harold TI Effects of Horizontal Geometrical Spreading on the Parameterization of Orographic Gravity Wave Drag. Part II: Analytical Solutions SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; GENERAL-CIRCULATION; MOMENTUM FLUXES; MOUNTAIN WAVES; MODEL; FLOW; PARAMETRIZATION; IMPROVEMENTS; SENSITIVITY; FORMULATION AB Effects of horizontal geometrical spreading on the amplitude variation with height of linear three-dimensional hydrostatic orographic gravity waves (OGWs) are quantified via relevant simplifications to the governing transform relations, leading to analytical solutions. The analysis is restricted to elliptical Gaussian obstacles with principal axes aligned parallel and perpendicular to unidirectional shear flow and to vertical displacement and steepness amplitudes, given their relevance to OGW drag parameterizations in global models. Two solutions are derived: a "small l" solution in which horizontal wavenumbers l orthogonal to the flow are taken to be much smaller than those parallel to the flow, and a "single k" solution in which horizontal wavenumbers k parallel to the flow have a single mean value. The resulting analytical relations, valid for arbitrary vertical profiles of upstream winds and stability, depend only on the obstacle's elliptical aspect ratio beta and a normalized height coordinate incorporating wind and stability variations. These analytical approximations accurately reproduce the salient features of the exact numerical transform solutions. These include monotonic decreases with height that asymptotically approach z(-1/2) forms at large z and strong beta dependence in amplitude diminution with height. Steepness singularities close to the surface are shown to be a mathematical consequence of the Hilbert transform approach to deriving complex wavefield solutions. These approximate analytical solutions for horizontal geometrical spreading effects on wave amplitude highlight the importance of this missing physics for current parameterizations of OGW drag and offer an accurate and efficient means of incorporating some of these omitted effects. C1 [Eckermann, Stephen D.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Broutman, Dave; Knight, Harold] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA USA. RP Eckermann, SD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Geospace Sci & Technol Branch, Code 7631,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM stephen.eckermann@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) via the Departmental Research Initiative "Unified Physical Parameterizations for Seasonal Prediction" FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) via the Departmental Research Initiative "Unified Physical Parameterizations for Seasonal Prediction" and by the Chief of Naval Research via the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) 6.1 Accelerated Research Initiative "The Boundary Paradox." NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 EI 1520-0469 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 72 IS 6 BP 2348 EP 2365 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-14-0148.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CI9RW UT WOS:000355108500010 ER PT J AU McCormack, JP Eckermann, SD Hogan, TF AF McCormack, John P. Eckermann, Stephen D. Hogan, Timothy F. TI Generation of a Quasi-Biennial Oscillation in an NWP Model Using a Stochastic Gravity Wave Drag Parameterization SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID KINETIC-ENERGY SPECTRA; CIRCULATION MODEL; MIDDLE-ATMOSPHERE; EQUATORIAL WAVES; CLIMATE MODELS; ANNULAR MODES; KELVIN WAVES; STRATOSPHERE; IMPACT; SIMULATION AB Many operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems now extend into the stratosphere and are beginning to be used to generate forecasts beyond conventional 5-10-day periods out to seasonal time scales. Past observational and modeling studies have shown that the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in equatorial stratospheric winds can play an important role in stratosphere-troposphere dynamical coupling over these longer time scales. Consequently, stratosphere-resolving NWP models used to generate seasonal forecasts should contain the necessary physics to generate and maintain the QBO. This study describes several key modifications that were necessary to produce a QBO in a high-altitude NWP model, which include an increase in model vertical resolution, implementation of a computationally efficient stochastic gravity wave drag parameterization, and reductions in the amount of horizontal and vertical diffusion in the stratosphere. Results from a 10-yr free-running model simulation with these modifications show that the westerly QBO phase produces lower temperatures and stronger westerly flow in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) winter polar stratosphere compared to the easterly QBO phase. Ensembles of 120-day simulations over the December-March period show that these modifications replace persistent easterly flow in the equatorial lower stratosphere with a more realistic transition from easterly to westerly flow. The resulting changes in planetary wave propagation produce a statistically significant response in the dynamics of the NH extratropical stratosphere consistent with the Holton-Tan relationship. The westerly shift in equatorial winds also produces a significant response in the NH extratropical troposphere, where the sea level pressure differences in winter resemble the positive phase of the northern annular mode. C1 [McCormack, John P.; Eckermann, Stephen D.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hogan, Timothy F.] Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. RP McCormack, JP (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 7631,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.mccormack@nrl.navy.mil OI McCormack, John/0000-0002-3674-0508 FU Office of Naval Research through the Departmental Research Initiative "Predictability of Seasonal and Intraseasonal Oscillations''; Chief of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's base 6.1 research program; DoD High Performance Computer Modernization Program via grants of computer time at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC); Navy DoD Supercomputing Resource Center FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research through the Departmental Research Initiative "Predictability of Seasonal and Intraseasonal Oscillations'' and by the Chief of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's base 6.1 research program. Additional support was provided by the DoD High Performance Computer Modernization Program via grants of computer time at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) and Navy DoD Supercomputing Resource Center. GPCP data provided by the NOAA/ESRL/Physical Sciences Division in Boulder, Colorado, from online (http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd). NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 143 IS 6 BP 2121 EP 2147 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-14-00208.1 PG 27 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CJ0TL UT WOS:000355190900009 ER PT J AU Lucas, TW Kelton, WD Sanchez, PJ Sanchez, SM Anderson, BL AF Lucas, Thomas W. Kelton, W. David Sanchez, Paul J. Sanchez, Susan M. Anderson, Ben L. TI Changing the paradigm: Simulation, now a method of first resort SO NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS LA English DT Article DE simulation; last resort; analytical models; history of computing; simulation-modeling paradigms; simulation software; design of experiments; simulation analysis; future of simulation ID COMPUTABLE NUMBERS; ENTSCHEIDUNGSPROBLEM; MODELS AB Decades ago, simulation was famously characterized as a method of last resort, to which analysts should turn only when all else fails. In those intervening decades, the technologies supporting simulationcomputing hardware, simulation-modeling paradigms, simulation software, design-and-analysis methodshave all advanced dramatically. We offer an updated view that simulation is now a very appealing option for modeling and analysis. When applied properly, simulation can provide fully as much insight, with as much precision as desired, as can exact analytical methods that are based on more restrictive assumptions. The fundamental advantage of simulation is that it can tolerate far less restrictive modeling assumptions, leading to an underlying model that is more reflective of reality and thus more valid, leading to better decisions. Published 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 293-303, 2015 C1 [Lucas, Thomas W.; Kelton, W. David; Sanchez, Paul J.; Sanchez, Susan M.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Kelton, W. David] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Operat Business Analyt & Informat Syst, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Anderson, Ben L.] US Naval War Coll, Coll Naval Command & Staff, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Kelton, WD (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM david.kelton@uc.edu NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-069X EI 1520-6750 J9 NAV RES LOG JI Nav. Res. Logist. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 62 IS 4 BP 293 EP 303 DI 10.1002/nav.21628 PG 11 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA CI2HO UT WOS:000354567000002 ER PT J AU Woolf, RS Hutcheson, AL Gwon, C Phlips, BF Wulf, EA AF Woolf, Richard S. Hutcheson, Anthony L. Gwon, Chul Phlips, Bernard F. Wulf, Eric A. TI Comparing the response of PSD-capable plastic scintillator to standard liquid scintillator SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Radiation Measurements and Applications (SORMA) CY JUN 09-12, 2014 CL Univ Michigan Campus, Ann Arbor, MI SP Dept Energy, Univ Michigan, Coll Engn, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci HO Univ Michigan Campus DE Pulse shape discrimination; Plastic scintillator; Liquid scintillator; EJ-299-33; EJ-301; EJ-309 ID PULSE-SHAPE DISCRIMINATION; NEUTRON; EJ-299-33 AB This work discusses a test campaign to characterize the response of the recently developed plastic scintillator with pulse shape discrimination (PSD) capabilities (EJ-299-33). PSD is a property exhibited by certain types of scintillating material in which incident stimuli (fast neutrons or gamma rays) can be separated by exploiting differences in the scintillation light pulse tail. Detector geometries used were: a 10 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm cube and a 10-cm diameter x 10-cm long cylinder. EJ-301 and EJ-309 liquid scintillators with well-known responses were also tested. The work was conducted at the University of Massachusetts Lowell Van De Graaff accelerator. The facility accelerated protons on a thin Li target to yield quasi-monoenergetic neutrons from the Li-7(p,n)Be-7 reaction (Q-value: -1.644 MeV). Collimated fast neutrons were obtained by placing detectors behind a neutron spectrometer. Rotating the spectrometer, and thus changing the neutron energy, allowed us to achieve 0.5-3.2 MeV neutrons in 200-300 keV steps. Data were acquired through a flash analog-to-digital converter (ADC) capable of performing digital PSD measurements. By using the PSD technique to separate the neutron events from unwanted gamma background, we constructed a pulse height spectrum at each energy. Obtaining a relationship of the relative light output versus energy allowed us to construct the response function for the EJ-299-33 and liquid scintillator. The EJ-299-33 response in terms of electron equivalent energy (E-e.e.) vs. proton equivalent energy (E-p.e.), how it compared with the standard xylene-based EJ-301 (or, NE-213/BC-501 A equivalent) and EJ-309 liquid scintillator response, and how the EJ-301 and EJ-309 compared, are presented. We find that the EJ-299-33 demonstrated a lower light output by up to 40% for <1.0 MeV neutrons; and ranging between a 5-35% reduction for 2.5-3.0 MeV neutrons compared to the EJ-301/309, depending on the scintillator and geometry. Monte Carlo modeling techniques were used to investigate how the neutron beam and accelerator background environment affected the detector response. We find relatively good agreement between our results and the modeling; however, the observed response could not be fully accounted for due to events with pulse pile up, thus leading to contamination of the neutron PSD selected events. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Woolf, Richard S.; Hutcheson, Anthony L.; Gwon, Chul; Phlips, Bernard F.; Wulf, Eric A.] US Navy, Res Lab, High Energy Space Environm Branch, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Woolf, RS (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, High Energy Space Environm Branch, Div Space Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM richard.woolf@nrl.navy.mil; anthony.hutcheson@nrl.navy.mil; chul.gwon@nrl.navy.mil; bernard.phlips@nrl.navy.mil; eric.wulf@nrl.navy.mil OI Woolf, Richard/0000-0003-4859-1711 NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 1 PY 2015 VL 784 BP 80 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2014.10.067 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA CI2QO UT WOS:000354592300016 ER PT J AU Mitchell, LJ Phlips, BF Wulf, EA Hutcheson, AL Gwon, C Woolf, RS Polaski, D AF Mitchell, Lee J. Phlips, Bernard F. Wulf, Eric A. Hutcheson, Anthony L. Gwon, Chul Woolf, Richard S. Polaski, Donald TI Gamma-ray and neutron background comparison of US metropolitan areas SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Radiation Measurements and Applications (SORMA) CY JUN 09-12, 2014 CL Univ Michigan Campus, Ann Arbor, MI SP Dept Energy, Univ Michigan, Coll Engn, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci HO Univ Michigan Campus DE Gamma-ray; Neutron; Background; High purity germanium; Simulations; Radiation detection AB Gamma-ray and neutron background surveys were performed by the Naval Research Laboratory (Na) in U.S. cities, including Washington, D.C.; Kansas City and St. Louis, Missouri; Chicago, Illinois; Richmond, Virginia; Boston, Massachusetts and Baltimore, Maryland. Measurements covered a range of industrial, residential and commercial areas. Germanium grade gamma-ray data over the energy range of 0.05-3.0 MeV and neutron count rates with unmoderated He-3 sensitivity were recorded as a function of latitude, longitude and elevation in one second intervals. Typical Potassium Uranium Thorium (KUT) backgrounds were seen along with several anomalies. For example, a decrease in the thermal neutron flux in large urban canyons was seen and verified via Monte Carlo simulations. The data were collected to provide natural background models for simulation work Germanium grade spectroscopy is required, because it provides sufficiently detailed isotopic information of the gamma-ray background. As expected a comparison of the background shows significant differences between the individual cities. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mitchell, Lee J.; Phlips, Bernard F.; Wulf, Eric A.; Hutcheson, Anthony L.; Gwon, Chul; Woolf, Richard S.; Polaski, Donald] US Navy, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mitchell, LJ (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM lee.mitchell@nrl.navy.mil; bernard.phlips@nrl.navy.mil; eric.wulf@nrl.navy.mil; anthony.hutcheson@nrl.navy.mil; chul.gwon@nrl.navy.mil; richard.woolf@nrl.navy.mil; donald.polaski.ctr@nrl.navy.mil OI Woolf, Richard/0000-0003-4859-1711 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 1 PY 2015 VL 784 BP 311 EP 318 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2015.01.020 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA CI2QO UT WOS:000354592300058 ER PT J AU Woolf, RS Phlips, BF Hutcheson, AL Wulf, EA AF Woolf, Richard S. Phlips, Bernard F. Hutcheson, Anthony L. Wulf, Eric A. TI Fast-neutron, coded-aperture imager SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Symposium on Radiation Measurements and Applications (SORMA) CY JUN 09-12, 2014 CL Univ Michigan Campus, Ann Arbor, MI SP Dept Energy, Univ Michigan, Coll Engn, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci HO Univ Michigan Campus DE Coded-aperture imaging; Fast neutrons; Liquid scintillator; Pulse shape discrimination; EJ-309 ID UNIFORMLY REDUNDANT ARRAYS; GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY AB This work discusses a large-scale, coded-aperture imager for fast neutrons, building off a proof-of concept instrument developed at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). The Space Science Division at the NRL has a heritage of developing large-scale, mobile systems, using coded-aperture imaging, for long-range gamma-ray detection and localization. The fast-neutron, coded-aperture imaging instrument, designed for a mobile unit (20 ft. ISO container), consists of a 32-element array of 15 cm x 15 cm x 15 cm liquid scintillation detectors (EJ-309) mounted behind a 12 x 12 pseudorandom coded aperture. The elements of the aperture are composed of 15 cm x 15 cm x 10 cm blocks of high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The arrangement of the aperture elements produces a shadow pattern on the detector array behind the mask. By measuring of the number of neutron counts per masked and unmasked detector, and with knowledge of the mask pattern, a source image can be deconvolved to obtain a 2-d location. The number of neutrons per detector was obtained by processing the fast signal from each PMT in flash digitizing electronics. Digital pulse shape discrimination (PSD) was performed to filter out the fast-neutron signal from the gamma background. The prototype instrument was tested at an indoor facility at the NRL with a 1.8-mu Ci and 13-mu Ci 252Cf neutron/gamma source at three standoff distances of 9, 15 and 26 m (maximum allowed in the facility) over a 15-min integration time. The imaging and detection capabilities of the instrument were tested by moving the source in half- and one-pixel increments across the image plane. We show a representative sample of the results obtained at one-pixel increments for a standoff distance of 9 m. The 1.8-mu Ci source was not detected at the 26-m standoff. In order to increase the sensitivity of the instrument, we reduced the fastneutron background by shielding the top, sides and back of the detector array with 10-cm-thick HDPE. This shielding configuration led to a reduction in the background by a factor of 1.7 and thus allowed for the detection and localization of the 1.8 pCi. The detection significance for each source at different standoff distances will be discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Woolf, Richard S.; Phlips, Bernard F.; Hutcheson, Anthony L.; Wulf, Eric A.] Res Lab, US Navy, High Energy Space Environm Branch, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Woolf, RS (reprint author), Res Lab, US Navy, High Energy Space Environm Branch, Div Space Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM richard.woolf@nrl.navy.mil; bernard.phlips@nrl.navy.mil; anthony.hutcheson@nrl.navy.mil; eric.wulf@nrl.navy.mil OI Woolf, Richard/0000-0003-4859-1711 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 1 PY 2015 VL 784 BP 398 EP 404 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2015.01.084 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA CI2QO UT WOS:000354592300072 ER PT J AU Howe, PG AF Howe, P. Gardner, III TI Education Engine SO NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Howe, P. Gardner, III] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. RP Howe, PG (reprint author), US Navy, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US NAVAL WAR COLL PI NEWPORT PA 686 CUSHING RD, NEWPORT, RI 02841 USA SN 0028-1484 J9 NAV WAR COLL REV JI Nav. War Coll. Rev. PD SUM PY 2015 VL 68 IS 3 BP 9 EP 11 PG 3 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA DP3ZV UT WOS:000378436000002 ER PT J AU Johnson, WB Andersen, GR AF Johnson, W. Brad Andersen, Gene R. TI MENTORING IN THE U.S. NAVY Experiences and Attitudes of Senior Navy Personnel SO NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 [Johnson, W. Brad] US Naval Acad, Psychol, Dept Leadership Eth & Law, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Johnson, W. Brad] Johns Hopkins Univ, Grad Sch Educ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Johnson, W. Brad] Bethesda Naval Hosp, Bethesda, MD USA. [Andersen, Gene R.] Naval War Coll, Coll Operat & Strateg Leadership, Leadership Educ, Newport, RI USA. RP Johnson, WB (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Psychol, Dept Leadership Eth & Law, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU US NAVAL WAR COLL PI NEWPORT PA 686 CUSHING RD, NEWPORT, RI 02841 USA SN 0028-1484 J9 NAV WAR COLL REV JI Nav. War Coll. Rev. PD SUM PY 2015 VL 68 IS 3 BP 76 EP 90 PG 15 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA DP3ZV UT WOS:000378436000006 ER PT J AU Garcia-Nava, H Ocampo-Torres, FJ Hwang, PA AF Garcia-Nava, Hector Ocampo-Torres, Francisco J. Hwang, Paul A. TI Reconciling Discrepancies Between Airborne and Buoy-Based Measurements of Wind Stress Over Mixed Seas SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Airborne measurements; Eddy covariance; Sampling errors; Wind stress ID SURFACE-LAYER TURBULENCE; AIR MOTION; AIRCRAFT; FLUXES; TEHUANTEPEC AB In a previous study it was found that airborne and buoy-based measurements of wind stress made in the Gulf of Tehuantepc, M,xico failed to agree. Here we revisit the issue and analyze data from both platforms in the context of flux-sampling strategies and find that there is now good agreement between wind-stress estimates from both experiments. The sampling strategies used for airborne and buoy-based sampling capture most of the contributing scales to the momentum flux and, correspondingly, the systematic errors for both stress estimates are low. On the other hand, the random error is much larger for the airborne measurements as compared with that for the buoy-based estimates. Increasing the averaging period for the aircraft-based estimates reduces the random error and brings the stress estimates into a better agreement with those from the buoy data. Since there is a good agreement between stress estimates, the apparent underestimation found earlier seems to be coincidental and caused by the interpolation method employed by the source paper. C1 [Garcia-Nava, Hector] Univ Autonoma Baja California, Inst Invest Oceanol, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. [Ocampo-Torres, Francisco J.] Ctr Invest Cient & Educ Super Ensenada BC, Dept Oceanog Fis, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. [Hwang, Paul A.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Garcia-Nava, H (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Baja California, Inst Invest Oceanol, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. EM hector.gnava@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation; PROMEP [UABC-10160]; CONACYT [155793]; Office of Naval Research (NRL) [NRL/JA/7260-14-0051] FX We thank Margaret A. LeMone and three other anonymous reviewers whose suggestions and comments reshaped and enriched this work. GOTEX data were provided by NCAR/EOL under sponsorship of the National Science Foundation. GOTEX was a collaborative effort of groups from Scripps Institution of Oceanography (UCSD), UC Irvine, NASA/EG&G, NCAR and the Universidad Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), led by W. Kendall Melville and Carl A. Friehe. The research was partially sponsored by PROMEP (Project UABC-10160), CONACYT (Project 155793, RugDiSMar) and the Office of Naval Research (NRL contribution: NRL/JA/7260-14-0051). NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 EI 1573-1472 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 155 IS 3 BP 515 EP 526 DI 10.1007/s10546-015-0007-y PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CH6BQ UT WOS:000354121100008 ER PT J AU Shrivats, AR Hsu, E Averick, S Klimak, M Watt, ACS DeMaio, M Matyjaszewski, K Hollinger, JO AF Shrivats, Arun R. Hsu, Eric Averick, Saadyah Klimak, Molly Watt, April C. S. DeMaio, Marlene Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof Hollinger, Jeffrey O. TI Cationic Nanogel-mediated Runx2 and Osterix siRNA Delivery Decreases Mineralization in MC3T3 Cells SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; SPINAL-CORD-INJURY; HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; RISK-FACTORS; RADIATION PROPHYLAXIS; EARLY EXCISION; BONE-FORMATION AB Heterotopic ossification (HO) may occur after musculoskeletal trauma, traumatic brain injury, and total joint arthroplasty. As such, HO is a compelling clinical concern in both military and civilian medicine. A possible etiology of HO involves dysregulated signals in the bone morphogenetic protein osteogenic cascade. Contemporary treatment options for HO (ie, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and radiation therapy) have adverse effects associated with their use and are not biologically engineered to abrogate the molecular mechanisms that govern osteogenic differentiation. We hypothesized that (1) nanogel-mediated short interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery against Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osterix (Osx) genes will decrease messenger RNA expression; (2) inhibit activity of the osteogenic marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP); and (3) inhibit hydroxyapatite (HA) deposition in osteoblast cell cultures. Nanogel nanostructured polymers delivered siRNA in 48-hour treatment cycles against master osteogenic regulators, Runx2 and Osx, in murine calvarial preosteoblasts (MC3T3-E1.4) stimulated for osteogenic differentiation by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP-2). The efficacy of RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics was determined by quantitation of messenger RNA knockdown (by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction), downstream protein knockdown (determined ALP enzymatic activity assay), and HA deposition (determined by OsteoImage (TM) assay). Gene expression assays demonstrated that nanogel-based RNAi treatments at 1:1 and 5:1 nanogel:short interfering RNA weight ratios reduced Runx2 expression by 48.59% +/- A 19.53% (p < 0.001) and 43.22% +/- A 18.01% (both p < 0.001). The same 1:1 and 5:1 treatments against both Runx2 and Osx reduced expression of Osx by 51.65% +/- A 10.85% and 47.65% +/- A 9.80% (both p < 0.001). Moreover, repeated 48-hour RNAi treatment cycles against Runx2 and Osx rhBMP-2 administration reduced ALP activity after 4 and 7 days. ALP reductions after 4 days in culture by nanogel 5:1 and 10:1 RNAi treatments were 32.4% +/- A 12.0% and 33.6% +/- A 13.8% (both p < 0.001). After 7 days in culture, nanogel 1:1 and 5:1 RNAi treatments produced 35.9% +/- A 14.0% and 47.7% +/- A 3.2% reductions in ALP activity. Osteoblast mineralization data after 21 days suggested that nanogel 1:1, 5:1, and 10:1 RNAi treatments decreased mineralization (ie, HA deposition) from cultures treated only with rhBMP-2 (p < 0.001). However, despite RNAi attack on Runx2 and Osx, HA deposition levels remained greater than non-rhBMP-2-treated cell cultures. Although mRNA and protein knockdown were confirmed as a result of RNAi treatments against Runx2 and Osx, complete elimination of mineralization processes was not achieved. RNAi targeting mid- and late-stage osteoblast differentiation markers such as ALP, osteocalcin, osteopontin, and bone sialoprotein) may produce the desired RNAi-nanogel nanostructured polymer HO prophylaxis. Successful HO prophylaxis should target and silence osteogenic markers critical for heterotopic bone formation processes. The identification of such markers, beyond RUNX2 and OSX, may enhance the effectiveness of RNAi prophylaxes for HO. C1 [Shrivats, Arun R.; Hsu, Eric; Klimak, Molly; Watt, April C. S.; Hollinger, Jeffrey O.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. [Averick, Saadyah; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [DeMaio, Marlene] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Hollinger, JO (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, 700 Technol Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. EM hollinge@cs.cmu.edu RI Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof/A-2508-2008; Averick, Saadyah/A-9999-2015 OI Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof/0000-0003-1960-3402; FU DoD - Defense Medical Research and Development Program [W81XWH1120073, DMR09-69301] FX Two of the authors (ARS, EH) contributed equally. All institutions in this study, during the study period, received funding from DoD Grant W81XWH1120073, which was awarded by the Defense Medical Research and Development Program, and DMR09-69301. NR 70 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0009-921X EI 1528-1132 J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 473 IS 6 BP 2139 EP 2149 DI 10.1007/s11999-014-4073-0 PG 11 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA CH6FX UT WOS:000354133000043 PM 25448327 ER PT J AU Willauer, HD Hardy, DR Moyer, SA DiMascio, F Williams, FW Drab, DM AF Willauer, Heather D. Hardy, Dennis R. Moyer, Seth A. DiMascio, Felice Williams, Frederick W. Drab, David M. TI An economic basis for littoral land-based production of low carbon fuel from nuclear electricity and seawater for naval or commercial use SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Littoral; Hydrocarbon Liquids; Nuclear Electricty; Seawater ID FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS; REACTOR; CO2 AB Three separate U.S. military databases were used to estimate the U.S. Navy operational fuel needs at sea for the last several years. Defense Science Board data were used to estimate the current FY2013 total fuel delivered-at-sea price being paid by the USN per gallon between $6 and $7. Using published capital cost data and a range of nuclear electrical energy scenarios, costs ranging between $1.48 to $8.67 per gallon are estimated for producing 82,000 gal per day of fuel in littoral land-based locations. This provides policy analysts with a reasonable economic rationale and justification for planning and designing a new littoral land-based energy conversion process to provide low carbon jet and diesel fuel for operations at sea. This process is considered low carbon emissions because it uses environmentally available carbon and hydrogen and dedicated nuclear electrical energy as its only inputs. Generic naval missions and fuel usage data provide the constraints needed for establishing full scale process size, number of locations, power requirements, and cost using current light water nuclear reactor technology. This information may also be used by policy analysts to support changes in future naval energy policy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Willauer, Heather D.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hardy, Dennis R.] NOVA Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Moyer, Seth A.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [DiMascio, Felice] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Williams, Frederick W.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Drab, David M.] Naval Res Lab, NRC Postdoctoral Res Associate, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Willauer, HD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM heather.willauer@nrl.navy.mil; kashardy@gmail.com; seth.moyer@navy.mil; felixdim@aol.com; frederick.williams@nrl.navy.mil; dmdrab23@hotmail.com FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research both directly and through the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 EI 1873-6777 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD JUN PY 2015 VL 81 BP 67 EP 75 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2015.02.006 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CH2JX UT WOS:000353852600008 ER PT J AU Fairchok, MP Chen, WJ Arnold, JC Schofield, C Danaher, PJ McDonough, EA Ottolini, M Mor, D Ridore, M Burgess, TH Millar, EV AF Fairchok, Mary P. Chen, Wei-Ju Arnold, John C. Schofield, Christina Danaher, Patrick J. McDonough, Erin A. Ottolini, Martin Mor, Deepika Ridore, Michelande Burgess, Timothy H. Millar, Eugene V. TI Neuraminidase inhibitor therapy in a military population SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Neuraminidase inhibitors; Severity; Prescription; Antivirals ID VIRUS-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; INFLUENZA; OSELTAMIVIR; ILLNESS; ONSET AB Background: Although neuraminidase inhibitors (NI) are the mainstay of treatment for influenza infection, prescribing practice for these agents is not well described. Additionally, benefit is contested. Objectives: We examined provider prescriptions of NI during the 2009 pandemic and post-pandemic periods. We also evaluated the effectiveness of NI in reducing severity of influenza infection. Study design: Data on NI prescription and severity of influenza infection were compiled in healthy pediatric and adult beneficiaries enrolled in a prospective study of influenza like illness conducted at five military medical centers over five years. Subjects underwent nasal swabs to determine viral etiology of their infection. Demographic, medication and severity data were collected. Subjects with positive influenza were included. Results: Two hundred sixty three subjects were influenza positive [38% [H1N1] pdm09, 38.4% H3N2, and 20.5% B); 23.9% were treated with NI. NI were initiated within 48 h in 63% of treated subjects. Although NI use increased over the five years of the study, early use declined. Most measures for severity of illness were not significantly reduced with NI; adults treated within 48 h had only a modest reduction in duration and severity of some of their symptoms. Conclusions: NI use in our population is increasing, but early use is not. NI use resulted in no reduction in complications of illness. Resolution of symptoms and reduction in severity of some symptoms were slightly better in adults who were treated early. These modest benefits do not support routine treatment with NI in otherwise healthy individuals with influenza. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fairchok, Mary P.; Chen, Wei-Ju; Mor, Deepika; Ridore, Michelande; Millar, Eugene V.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Fairchok, Mary P.; Chen, Wei-Ju; Mor, Deepika; Ridore, Michelande; Millar, Eugene V.] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Rockville, MD USA. [Fairchok, Mary P.; Schofield, Christina] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. [Arnold, John C.] Naval Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Danaher, Patrick J.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. [McDonough, Erin A.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Ottolini, Martin; Burgess, Timothy H.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Off Curriculum, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Burgess, Timothy H.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Fairchok, MP (reprint author), Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, 9040 Jackson Ave, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. EM mary.p.fairchok.ctr@mail.mil FU Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a Department of Defense (DoD) program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [Y1-AI-5072] FX This work was supported by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a Department of Defense (DoD) program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. This project has been funded in whole, or in part, with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Inter-Agency Agreement [Y1-AI-5072]. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 EI 1873-5967 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 67 BP 17 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.03.018 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA CH6CW UT WOS:000354124400004 PM 25959151 ER PT J AU Martin, BD Leary, DH Trammell, SA Ellis, GA Naciri, J Depriest, JC Deschamps, JR AF Martin, Brett D. Leary, Dagmar H. Trammell, Scott A. Ellis, Greg A. Naciri, Jawad Depriest, Jeffrey C. Deschamps, Jeffrey R. TI One-step synthesis of a new photoelectron-accepting, n-dopable oligo (pyrazole) SO SYNTHETIC METALS LA English DT Article DE Photocurrent; Solar cell; Photodiode; Oligomer; Pyrazole; n-doped ID SOLAR-CELLS; MAIN-CHAIN; POLYFLUORENE COPOLYMERS; POLYMER; PHOTODIODES; PERFORMANCE; CIRCUIT AB A new photoelectron-accepting, n-dopable organic oligomer has been synthesized in a single step. It is a fluorescent tetramer formed from a substituted aminopyrazole, 3-amino-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile, which has a low cost (about two USD per gram). Its chemical structure was verified using FTIR, mass spectrometry, and H-1/C-13 NMR. When used as an electron acceptor in an ITO-supported photocell containing a PEDOT-PSS hole transporting layer, the tetramer can support photocurrents of as high as 1.40 x 10(-4) A at OV bias, and 7.20 x 10(-3) A above baseline at 1.0V bias. The cell, having a fabrication method that is not yet optimized, showed a photodiode responsivity of as high as 0.48 A/W, and a sensitivity of as high as 6.0 x 10(-4) Sm/W. Most importantly, it also demonstrated a detectivity of as high as 2.7 x 10(12) Jones, which is comparable to state-of-the-art inorganic photodiodes. The tetramer may represent a new, very inexpensive class of conducting organics useful in polymer-based photodiodes and solar cells. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Martin, Brett D.; Leary, Dagmar H.; Trammell, Scott A.; Naciri, Jawad; Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ellis, Greg A.] US Navy, Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Depriest, Jeffrey C.] Def Threat Reduct Agcy, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Martin, BD (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Code 6930, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brett.martin@nrl.navy.mil; jeffrey.deschamps@nrl.navy.mil FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0379-6779 J9 SYNTHETIC MET JI Synth. Met. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 204 BP 32 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.synthmet.2015.03.004 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA CH4MQ UT WOS:000354008000005 ER PT J AU Crowder, T AF Crowder, Tanner TI A linearization of quantum channels SO JOURNAL OF GEOMETRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Lie theory; Quantum information; Bloch representation ID THEOREM; MAPS AB Because the quantum channels form a compact, convex set, we can express any quantum channel as a convex combination of extremal channels. We give a Euclidean representation for the channels whose inverses are also valid channels; these are a subset of the extreme points. They form a compact, connected Lie group, and we calculate its Lie algebra. Lastly, we calculate a maximal torus for the group and provide a constructive approach to decomposing any invertible channel into a product of elementary channels. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US Navy, Res Lab, Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst Code 5540, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Crowder, T (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst Code 5540, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM tanner.crowder@nrl.navy.mil NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0393-0440 EI 1879-1662 J9 J GEOM PHYS JI J. Geom. Phys. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 92 BP 157 EP 166 DI 10.1016/j.geomphys.2015.02.014 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA CH2KT UT WOS:000353854800013 ER PT J AU Tan, TK Darken, CJ AF Tan, Terence K. Darken, Christian J. TI Learning and prediction of relational time series SO COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL ORGANIZATION THEORY LA English DT Article DE Sequence learning; Prediction; Relational time series AB Learning to predict events in the near future is fundamental to human and artificial agents. Many prediction techniques are unable to learn and predict a stream of relational data online when the environments are unknown, non-stationary, and no prior training examples are available. This paper addresses the online prediction problem by introducing a low complexity learning technique called Situation Learning and several prediction techniques that use the information from Situation Learning to predict the next likely event. The prediction techniques include two variants of a Bayesian inference technique, a variable order Markov model prediction technique and situation matching techniques. We compared their prediction accuracies quantitatively for three domains: a role-playing game, computer network intrusion system alerts, and event prediction of maritime paths in a discrete-event simulator. C1 [Tan, Terence K.] DSO Natl Labs, Singapore 118230, Singapore. [Darken, Christian J.] Naval Postgrad Sch, MOVES Inst, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Tan, TK (reprint author), DSO Natl Labs, 20 Sci Pk Dr, Singapore 118230, Singapore. EM tankianmoh@hotmail.com; cjdarken@nps.edu NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-298X EI 1572-9346 J9 COMPUT MATH ORGAN TH JI Comput. Math. Organ. Theory PD JUN PY 2015 VL 21 IS 2 BP 210 EP 241 DI 10.1007/s10588-015-9182-0 PG 32 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA CG7EX UT WOS:000353466500004 ER PT J AU Lumb, MP Gonzalez, M Yakes, MK Affouda, CA Bailey, CG Walters, RJ AF Lumb, Matthew P. Gonzalez, Maria Yakes, Michael K. Affouda, Chaffra A. Bailey, Christopher G. Walters, Robert J. TI High temperature current-voltage characteristics of InP-based tunnel junctions SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article DE tunnel junction; temperature dependence; multi-junction solar cell; III-V; InP ID MULTIJUNCTION SOLAR-CELLS AB In this paper, we present temperature-dependent current-voltage measurements of tunnel junctions lattice matched to InP at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 220 degrees C. Temperature-dependent tunneling properties were extracted by fitting the current-voltage characteristics using a simple analytical formula. Three different designs of tunnel junction were characterized, including a bulk InAlGaAs tunnel junction, an InAlGaAs tunnel junction with InAlAs cladding layers and an InGaAs/InAlGaAs quantum-well tunnel junction. Each device exhibited different temperature dependence in peak tunnel current and excess current, with the quantum-well tunnel junction exhibiting the greatest temperature sensitivity. We use a non-local tunneling model, in conjunction with a numerical drift-diffusion solver, to explain the performance improvement available by using double heterostructure cladding layers around the junction region, and use the same model to explain the observed temperature dependence of the devices. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Lumb, Matthew P.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Lumb, Matthew P.; Gonzalez, Maria; Yakes, Michael K.; Affouda, Chaffra A.; Bailey, Christopher G.; Walters, Robert J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gonzalez, Maria] Sotera Def Solut, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. RP Lumb, MP (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM matthew.lumb.ctr.uk@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors would like to thank Justin Lorentzen, Raymond Hoheisel, and David Scheiman for helpful contributions to this work. This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1062-7995 EI 1099-159X J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS JI Prog. Photovoltaics PD JUN PY 2015 VL 23 IS 6 BP 773 EP 782 DI 10.1002/pip.2495 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA CG6EK UT WOS:000353388800010 ER PT J AU Bermudez, VM AF Bermudez, V. M. TI Defect formation on the GaSb (001) surface induced by hydrogen atom adsorption SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Hydrogen; Defects; Density functional theory; GaSb ID GALLIUM ANTIMONIDE; SEMICONDUCTORS; PASSIVATION; CRYSTALS; GROWTH; PLASMA AB Density functional theory has been used to characterize the effects of adsorbed H on the electronic structure of the GaSb (001)alpha(4 x 3) surface, which consists of a combination of Ga-Sb and Sb-Sb dimers. Adsorption of two H atoms at a Ga-Sb adatom dimer either has little effect on surface states above the bulk valence band maximum (VBM) or else eliminates them, depending on the mode of adsorption. However, adsorption at the Sb-Sb dimer in the terminating layer produces a state farther into the gap at similar to 0.10 eV above the clean-surface VBM. Relaxation accompanying the breaking of the Sb-Sb (timer bond leads to increased interactions involving three-fold-coordinated Sb sites in the terminating layer, which in turn raises the energies of the non-bonding lone-pair orbitals. This defect state, which appears to be unique to the reconstructed GaSb (001) surface, could potentially function as a hole trap on the surface of p-type GaSb. Published by Elsevier Ltel C1 Naval Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bermudez, VM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM bermudez@alum.mit.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. Pratibha Dev is thanked for a critical reading of the manuscript and for helpful suggestions, NR 23 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 EI 1879-2766 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 211 BP 10 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2015.03.011 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA CG7YJ UT WOS:000353523500003 ER PT J AU Aubry, R Dey, S Mestreau, EL Karamete, BK Gayman, D AF Aubry, R. Dey, S. Mestreau, E. L. Karamete, B. K. Gayman, D. TI A robust conforming NURBS tessellation for industrial applications based on a mesh generation approach SO COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN LA English DT Article DE NURBS surfaces; Surface triangulation; CAD tessellation; Surface untangling; Parabolic lines; NURBS singularities ID SURFACES; TRIANGULATION; ALGORITHM; DISPLAY; ERROR AB A NURBS tessellation technique is presented with the goal to robustly approximate CAD surfaces that define the boundary of complicated three dimensional geometric shapes with a minimum number of triangles. The minimization is achieved by generating anisotropic triangles in the three dimensional space. New procedures are presented to handle numerical stability issues due to the anisotropy. The tessellation is generated using a mesh generation viewpoint, as opposed to the more classical viewpoint of graphical visualization of surfaces in CAD. This ensures topological conformity of the resulting mesh. A tiered approximation approach is used for speed and robustness. Degeneracies associated with NURBS curves and surfaces are given special attention as they occur frequently in naval and aerospace conceptual-to-early design process. Analogies with a classical mesh generation process are discussed and several numerical examples illustrate the method. (c) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Aubry, R.; Mestreau, E. L.; Karamete, B. K.; Gayman, D.] Sotera Def Solut, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. [Dey, S.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Aubry, R (reprint author), Sotera Def Solut, 1501 Farm Credit Dr,Suite 2300, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. EM romain.aubry.ctr.fr@nrl.navy.mil OI Aubry, Romain/0000-0002-4094-1636 FU DoD HPCMP as part of the Computational Research and Engineering Acquisition Tools and Environments (CREATE) Program FX This work was supported by the DoD HPCMP as part of the Computational Research and Engineering Acquisition Tools and Environments (CREATE) Program. Dr. William Lang from NAVSEA Carderock is acknowledged for fruitful discussions related to surfaces presenting chines inside a NURBS patch. Anuj Kaushal http://grabcad.com/anuj.kaushal-1 is acknowledged for the complex turbine model reproduced with permission. Prof. Denis Aubry from Ecole Centrale de Paris is acknowledged for the derivation of the surface error estimate based on the principal curvatures. We finally would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for substantially improving the quality of the manuscript. NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0010-4485 EI 1879-2685 J9 COMPUT AIDED DESIGN JI Comput.-Aided Des. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 63 BP 26 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.cad.2014.12.009 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA CF1TZ UT WOS:000352332100003 ER PT J AU Polivka, TN Hyer, EJ Wang, J Peterson, DA AF Polivka, Thomas N. Hyer, Edward J. Wang, Jun Peterson, David A. TI First Global Analysis of Saturation Artifacts in the VIIRS Infrared Channels and the Effects of Sample Aggregation SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Fires; infrared measurements; nightfire; remote sensing; sample aggregation; saturation; Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (S-NPP); Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) ID SATELLITE AB Unlike previous spaceborne Earth observing sensors, the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) employs onboard sample aggregation to reduce downlink bandwidth requirements and preserve spatial resolution across the scan. To examine the potentially deleterious impacts of onboard sample aggregation when encountering detector saturation, nearly four months of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Nightfire product are analyzed, which contains a subset of the hottest observed nighttime pixels. An empirical method for identifying saturation is devised. The M12 band (3.69 mu m) is the most frequently saturating band with 0.15% of the Nightfire pixels at or near the similar to 359-K detector saturation limit; some saturation is also found in M14, M15, and M16 (8.58, 10.74, and 11.86 mu m). Artifacts consistent with detector saturation are seen with M12 temperatures as low as 330 K in the scene center. This partial saturation and aggregation influence must be considered when using VIIRS radiances for quantitative characterization of hot emission sources such as fires and gas flaring. C1 [Polivka, Thomas N.; Wang, Jun] Univ Nebraska, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Hyer, Edward J.] Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Peterson, David A.] CNR, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Polivka, TN (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM thomas.polivka@huskers.unl.edu; edward.hyer@nrlmry.navy.mil; jwang7@unl.edu; david.peterson.ctr@nrlmry.navy.mil RI Hyer, Edward/E-7734-2011; peterson, david/L-2350-2016; Wang, Jun/A-2977-2008 OI Hyer, Edward/0000-0001-8636-2026; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-7334-0490 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); Applied Science Program [NNX11AJ03G]; NASA Nebraska Space Grant FX The work of J. Wang was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) S-NPP Program and Applied Science Program under Grant NNX11AJ03G managed by John A. Haynes and Lawrence A. Friedl. T. Polivka also acknowledges the support from the NASA Nebraska Space Grant. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1545-598X EI 1558-0571 J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 12 IS 6 BP 1262 EP 1266 DI 10.1109/LGRS.2015.2392098 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA CF5CB UT WOS:000352571800021 ER PT J AU Heitmeyer, CL Pickett, M Leonard, EI Archer, MM Ray, I Aha, DW Trafton, JG AF Heitmeyer, Constance L. Pickett, Marc Leonard, Elizabeth I. Archer, Myla M. Ray, Indrakshi Aha, David W. Trafton, J. Gregory TI Building high assurance human-centric decision systems SO AUTOMATED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE High assurance; Formal models; Formal methods; Adaptive agents; Cognitive models; Formal model synthesis from scenarios; User model synthesis; User scenarios; System and software requirements ID REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATIONS; MODEL CHECKING; SUPERVISORY CONTROL; BEHAVIOR MODELS; SCENARIOS AB Many future decision support systems will be human-centric, i.e., require substantial human oversight and control. Because these systems often provide critical services, high assurance is needed that they satisfy their requirements. This paper, the product of an interdisciplinary research team of experts in formal methods, adaptive agents, and cognitive science, addresses this problem by proposing a new process for developing high assurance human-centric decision systems. This process uses AI (artificial intelligence) methods-i.e., a cognitive model to predict human behavior and an adaptive agent to assist the human-to improve system performance, and software engineering methods-i.e., formal modeling and analysis-to obtain high assurance that the system behaves as intended. The paper describes a new method for synthesizing a formal system model from Event Sequence Charts, a variant of Message Sequence Charts, and a Mode Diagram, a specification of system modes and mode transitions. It also presents results of a new pilot study investigating the optimal level of agent assistance for different users in which the agent design was evaluated using synthesized user models. Finally, it reviews a cognitive model for predicting human overload in complex human-centric systems. To illustrate the development process and our new techniques, we describe a human-centric decision system for controlling unmanned vehicles. C1 [Heitmeyer, Constance L.; Leonard, Elizabeth I.; Archer, Myla M.; Aha, David W.; Trafton, J. Gregory] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Pickett, Marc] Google Inc, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Ray, Indrakshi] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Heitmeyer, CL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM constance.heitmeyer@nrl.navy.mil; marcpickett1@gmail.com; elizabeth.leonard@nrl.navy.mil; myla.archer@nrl.navy.mil; iray@cs.colostate.edu; david.aha@nrl.navy.mil; greg.trafton@nrl.navy.mil OI Heitmeyer, Constance/0000-0001-7942-9309 FU Office of Naval Research FX We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of Len Breslow to the research on cognitive models, of Carolyn Gasarch of NRL who built the prototype model synthesis tool, and of Michael Thomas of the University of Maryland who applied the synthesis tool to the UGV applications. This research is supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0928-8910 EI 1573-7535 J9 AUTOMAT SOFTW ENG JI Automat. Softw. Eng. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 22 IS 2 SI SI BP 159 EP 197 DI 10.1007/s10515-014-0157-z PG 39 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA CE0EI UT WOS:000351476900003 ER PT J AU Uhan, NA AF Uhan, Nelson A. TI Stochastic linear programming games with concave preferences SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Game theory; Stochastic cooperative game ID INVENTORY CENTRALIZATION GAMES; RISK-AVERSE NEWSVENDOR; LOT-SIZING GAMES; COOPERATIVE GAMES; COHERENT MEASURES; COST ALLOCATION; BALANCED GAMES; CORE; OPTIMIZATION; MODELS AB We study stochastic linear programming games: a class of stochastic cooperative games whose payoffs under any realization of uncertainty are determined by a specially structured linear program. These games can model a variety of settings, including inventory centralization and cooperative network fortification. We focus on the core of these games under an allocation scheme that determines how payoffs are distributed before the uncertainty is realized, and allows for arbitrarily different distributions for each realization of the uncertainty. Assuming that each player's preferences over random payoffs are represented by a concave monetary utility functional, we prove that these games have a nonempty core. Furthermore, by establishing a connection between stochastic linear programming games, linear programming games and linear semi-infinite programming games, we show that an allocation in the core can be computed efficiently under some circumstances. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Uhan, NA (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM uhan@usna.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [12RSL027] FX The author thanks the associate editor and two anonymous referees for their helpful feedback, which improved this paper considerably. This research was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Grant no. 12RSL027). NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-2217 EI 1872-6860 J9 EUR J OPER RES JI Eur. J. Oper. Res. PD JUN 1 PY 2015 VL 243 IS 2 BP 637 EP 646 DI 10.1016/j.ejor.2014.12.025 PG 10 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA CD1KW UT WOS:000350834800026 ER PT J AU Rong, CC Barnes, PN Levin, GA Miller, JD Santosusso, DJ Fitzpatrick, BK AF Rong, Charles C. Barnes, Paul N. Levin, George A. Miller, Jason D. Santosusso, Daniel J. Fitzpatrick, Brian K. TI Investigation of the Relaxation of Persistent Current in Superconducting Closed Loops Made Out of YBCO Coated Conductors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article DE Coated conductor; current sweep reversal method; MAGLEV; MRI; persistent current; relaxation rate; SMES; 2GHTS ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; MODE MAGNET; FLUX-CREEP AB Coated conductors allow the fabrication of closed superconducting loops of arbitrary size. Various mechanisms can play a role in the decay of a persistent current in one such loop and in an assembly of multiple loops magnetically coupled with each other. We report recent experimental results on the relaxation rate of the persistent current in an assembly of closed superconducting loops made out of the currently manufactured coated conductors. One of the main goals of this study is to find the effective ways to control the relaxation rate so as to make it small enough to enable such high temperature persistent magnets to be considered as potential alternatives for energy storage, MRI magnets, and magnetic levitation applications. Here we report the effect of appropriately modified current sweep reversal method on the relaxation rate. C1 [Rong, Charles C.; Barnes, Paul N.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Levin, George A.] Florida Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Space Sci, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Miller, Jason D.; Santosusso, Daniel J.; Fitzpatrick, Brian K.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA. RP Rong, CC (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM charles.c.rong.civ@mail.mil FU Army Research Laboratory FX This project was supported by the Army Research Laboratory. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1051-8223 EI 1558-2515 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 25 IS 3 AR 8200805 DI 10.1109/TASC.2014.2376173 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA CC4VH UT WOS:000350351900028 ER PT J AU Fiorini, SR Carbonera, JL Goncalves, P Jorge, VAM Rey, VF Haidegger, T Abel, M Redfield, SA Balakirsky, S Ragavan, V Li, H Schlenoff, C Prestes, E AF Fiorini, Sandro Rama Carbonera, Joel Luis Goncalves, Paulo Jorge, Vitor A. M. Rey, Vitor Fortes Haidegger, Tamas Abel, Mara Redfield, Signe A. Balakirsky, Stephen Ragavan, Veera Li, Howard Schlenoff, Craig Prestes, Edson TI Extensions to the core ontology for robotics and automation SO ROBOTICS AND COMPUTER-INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article DE Ontologies for robotics and automation; Ontology-based standards; Core ontology; Ontology engineering; Knowledge representation AB The working group Ontologies for Robotics and Automation, sponsored by the IEEE Robotics & Automation Society, recently proposed a Core Ontology for Robotics and Automation (CORA). This ontology was developed to provide an unambiguous definition of core notions of robotics and related topics. It is based on SUMO, a top-level ontology of general concepts, and on ISO 8373:2012 standard, developed by the ISO/TC184/SC2 Working Group, which defines in natural language important terms in the domain of Robotics and Automation (R&A). In this paper, we introduce a set of ontologies that complement CORA with notions such as industrial design and positioning. We also introduce updates to CORA in order to provide more ontologically sound representations of autonomy and of robot parts. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fiorini, Sandro Rama; Carbonera, Joel Luis; Jorge, Vitor A. M.; Rey, Vitor Fortes; Abel, Mara; Prestes, Edson] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Inforrnat, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Goncalves, Paulo] Polytechn Inst Castelo Branco, Sch Technol, Castelo Branco, Portugal. [Goncalves, Paulo] Univ Lisbon, Inst Super Tecn, LAETA, IDMEC, P-1699 Lisbon, Portugal. [Haidegger, Tamas] Obuda Univ, Budapest, Hungary. [Haidegger, Tamas] ACMIT, Vienna, Austria. [Redfield, Signe A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Balakirsky, Stephen] Georgia Tech Res Inst, Robot & Autonomous Syst Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ragavan, Veera] Monash Univ, Sch Engn, Selangor, Malaysia. [Li, Howard] Univ New Brunswick, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada. [Schlenoff, Craig] NIST, Intelligent Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD USA. RP Fiorini, SR (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Inforrnat, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. EM srfiorini@inf.ufrgs.br; jlcarbonera@inf.ufrgs.br; paulo.goncalves@ipcb.pt; vamjorge@inf.ufrgs.br; vfrey@inf.ufrgs.br; haidegger@ieee.org; marabel@inf.ufrgs.br; signe@ieee.org; stephen.balakirsky@gtri.gatech.edu; veera.ragavan@monash.edu; vhoward@unb.ca; craig.schlenoff@nist.gov; edson.prestes@ieee.org RI Goncalves, Paulo/E-5640-2012; Abel, Mara/L-5392-2015; OI Goncalves, Paulo/0000-0002-8692-7338; Abel, Mara/0000-0002-9589-2616; Carbonera, Joel Luis/0000-0002-4499-3601; Fiorini, Sandro Rama/0000-0003-1499-3173; Haidegger, Tamas/0000-0003-1402-1139 FU IEEE Robotics and Automation Society; FCT, through IDMEC, LAETA [Pest-OE/EME/LA0022]; Brazilian CNPq; Petrobras [PRH PB-217]; Hungarian Eotvos Scholarship FX The IEEE-SC WG is supported by the IEEE Robotics and Automation Society. This work is partially supported by FCT, through IDMEC, under LAETA Pest-OE/EME/LA0022. The authors acknowledge the support of Brazilian CNPq, Petrobras PRH PB-217 and the Hungarian Eotvos Scholarship. T.H. is a Bolyai Fellow of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0736-5845 EI 1879-2537 J9 ROBOT CIM-INT MANUF JI Robot. Comput.-Integr. Manuf. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 33 SI SI BP 3 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.rcim.2014.08.004 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Manufacturing; Robotics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Robotics GA CB6GL UT WOS:000349725400002 ER PT J AU Hartley, DJ Riley, MA Wang, X Miller, S Janssens, RVF Paul, ES Rees, JM Simpson, J Riedinger, LL Ayangeakaa, AD Carpenter, MP Chiara, CJ Garg, U Hampson, P Hoffman, CR Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Mason, PJR Matta, JT Nolan, PJ Ollier, J Petri, M Radford, DC Revill, JP Zhu, S Ragnarsson, I AF Hartley, D. J. Riley, M. A. Wang, X. Miller, S. Janssens, R. V. F. Paul, E. S. Rees, J. M. Simpson, J. Riedinger, L. L. Ayangeakaa, A. D. Carpenter, M. P. Chiara, C. J. Garg, U. Hampson, P. Hoffman, C. R. Kondev, F. G. Lauritsen, T. Mason, P. J. R. Matta, J. T. Nolan, P. J. Ollier, J. Petri, M. Radford, D. C. Revill, J. P. Zhu, S. Ragnarsson, I. TI Persistence of collective behavior at high spin in the N=88 nucleus Tb-153 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; BAND-STRUCTURES; YB-158; TERMINATION; ALIGNMENTS; DY-154; SHAPE AB Excited states in the N = 88 nucleus Tb-153 were observed up to spin similar to 40 in an experiment utilizing the Gammasphere array. The Tb-153 states were populated in a weak alpha 4n evaporation channel of the Cl-37 + Sn-124 reaction. Two previously known sequences were extended to higher spins, and a new decoupled structure was identified. The pi h(11/2) band was observed in the spin region where other N = 88 isotopes exhibit effects of prolate to oblate shape changes leading to band termination along the yrast line, whereas Tb-153 displays a persistent collective behavior. However, minor perturbations of the very highest state in both signatures of this h(11/2) band are observed, which perhaps signal the start of the transition towards band termination. C1 [Hartley, D. J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Riley, M. A.; Wang, X.; Miller, S.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Janssens, R. V. F.; Carpenter, M. P.; Chiara, C. J.; Hoffman, C. R.; Lauritsen, T.; Zhu, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Paul, E. S.; Rees, J. M.; Hampson, P.; Nolan, P. J.; Revill, J. P.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Simpson, J.; Mason, P. J. R.; Ollier, J.] Daresbury Lab, STFC, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. [Riedinger, L. L.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Ayangeakaa, A. D.; Garg, U.; Matta, J. T.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Chiara, C. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Chiara, C. J.; Kondev, F. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Petri, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Radford, D. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ragnarsson, I.] Lund Univ, LTH, Div Mat Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. RP Hartley, DJ (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RI Ayangeakaa, Akaa/F-3683-2015; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; Hoffman, Calem/H-4325-2016; Petri, Marina/H-4630-2016 OI Ayangeakaa, Akaa/0000-0003-1679-3175; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Hoffman, Calem/0000-0001-7141-9827; Petri, Marina/0000-0002-3740-6106 FU National Science Foundation [PHY-1203100, PHY-0754674, PHY-1419765]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council FX The authors thank the ANL operations staff at Gammasphere and gratefully acknowledge the efforts of J. P. Greene for target preparation. We thank H. Q. Jin for his software support. This work is funded by the National Science Foundation under Grants No. PHY-1203100 (USNA), No. PHY-0754674 (FSU), and No. PHY-1419765 (ND), as well as by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 (ANL), and the United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council. This research used resources of ANL's ATLAS facility, which is a DOE Office of Science user facility. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAY 29 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 5 AR 057301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.91.057301 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA CJ2KF UT WOS:000355312500005 ER PT J AU Tomer, D Rajput, S Hudy, LJ Li, CH Li, L AF Tomer, D. Rajput, S. Hudy, L. J. Li, C. H. Li, L. TI Inhomogeneity in barrier height at graphene/Si (GaAs) Schottky junctions SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE graphene; Schottky barrier; STM ID WIDE TEMPERATURE-RANGE; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; WORK FUNCTION; DIODES; SILICON; TRANSISTOR; DEPENDENCE; INTERFACE; CONTACTS; DETECTOR AB Graphene (Gr) interfaced with a semiconductor forms a Schottky junction with rectifying properties, however, fluctuations in the Schottky barrier height are often observed. In this work, Schottky junctions are fabricated by transferring chemical vapor deposited monolayer Gr onto n-type Si and GaAs substrates. Temperature dependence of the barrier height and ideality factor are obtained by current-voltage measurements between 215 and 350 K. An increase in the zero bias barrier height and decrease in the ideality factor are observed with increasing temperature for both junctions. Such behavior is attributed to barrier inhomogeneities that arise from interfacial disorders as revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy. Assuming a Gaussian distribution of the barrier heights, mean values of 1.14 +/- 0.14 eV and 0.76 +/- 0.10 eV are found for Gr/Si and Gr/GaAs junctions, respectively. These findings resolve the origin of barrier height inhomogeneities in these Schottky junctions. C1 [Tomer, D.; Rajput, S.; Hudy, L. J.; Li, L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. [Li, C. H.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Tomer, D (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. EM dtomer@uwm.edu FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-FG02-07ER46228] FX Research supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Award DE-FG02-07ER46228. NR 45 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 10 U2 51 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-4484 EI 1361-6528 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD MAY 29 PY 2015 VL 26 IS 21 AR 215702 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/26/21/215702 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA CI2TB UT WOS:000354598800013 PM 25930976 ER PT J AU Thompson, DR Seidel, FC Gao, BC Gierach, MM Green, RO Kudela, RM Mouroulis, P AF Thompson, David R. Seidel, Felix C. Gao, Bo Cai Gierach, Michelle M. Green, Robert O. Kudela, Raphael M. Mouroulis, Pantazis TI Optimizing irradiance estimates for coastal and inland water imaging spectroscopy SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE imaging spectroscopy; phytoplankton; atmospheric correction; solar irradiance ID HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGER; SPECTROMETER; CALIBRATION; AIRBORNE; DESIGN; ATLAS AB Next generation orbital imaging spectrometers, with advanced global remote sensing capabilities, propose to address outstanding ocean science questions related to coastal and inland water environments. These missions require highly accurate characterization of solar irradiance in the critical 380-600nm spectral range. However, the irradiance in this spectral region is temporally variable and difficult to measure directly, leading to considerable variance between different models. Here we optimize an irradiance estimate using data from the NASA airborne Portable Remote Imaging Spectrometer (PRISM), leveraging spectrally smooth in-scene targets. We demonstrate improved retrievals for both PRISM and the Next Generation Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer. C1 [Thompson, David R.; Seidel, Felix C.; Gierach, Michelle M.; Green, Robert O.; Mouroulis, Pantazis] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Gao, Bo Cai] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Kudela, Raphael M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Thompson, DR (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM david.r.thompson@jpl.nasa.gov OI Seidel, Felix/0000-0002-4282-2198; Thompson, David/0000-0003-1100-7550 FU JPL Earth System Science Formulation office FX The optimized irradiance spectrum and all PRISM and AVIRIS-NG radiance spectra are available at http://prism.jpl.nasa.gov and http://aviris-ng.jpl.nasa.gov. Data for Figures 3-6 are provided as supporting information. This research was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the JPL PRISM team: D. Cohen, K. Balasubramanian, S. Leland, F. Loya, D. Moore, D. Randall, J. Rodriguez, C. Sarture, E. Urquiza, V. White, and K. Yee. We thank D. A. Roberts, E. Pennington, and B. Bue for assistance with AVIRIS-NG ground truth data. K. Hayashi Negrey of the University of California, Santa Cruz provided invaluable support with the collection of in situ reflectance data. We thank J. M. Fontenla for his counsel and assistance. We also thank B. Mateer, I. McCubbin, and C. V. White, and acknowledge the financial support of the JPL Earth System Science Formulation office. Copyright 2015 California Institute of Technology. All Rights Reserved. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAY 28 PY 2015 VL 42 IS 10 BP 4116 EP 4123 DI 10.1002/2015GL063287 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CL0KJ UT WOS:000356631300061 ER PT J AU Shanks, AL MacMahan, J Morgan, SG Reniers, AJHM Jarvis, M Brown, J Fujimura, A Griesemer, C AF Shanks, Alan L. MacMahan, Jamie Morgan, Steven G. Reniers, Ad J. H. M. Jarvis, Marley Brown, Jenna Fujimura, Atsushi Griesemer, Chris TI Transport of larvae and detritus across the surf zone of a steep reflective pocket beach SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Streaming; Cyprids; Competent larvae; Precompetent larvae; Detritus; Reflective beach; Cross-shore exchange ID GRAVITY-WAVES; VARIABILITY; SHELF; RECRUITMENT; DRIVEN; MODEL; FLOW AB Larvae of many intertidal species develop offshore and must cross the surf zone to complete their onshore migration to adult habitats. Depending on hydrodynamics, the surf zone may limit this migration, especially on reflective rocky shores. As a logistically tractable analog of a rocky shore environment, we carried out a comprehensive biological and physical study of the hydrodynamics of a steep reflective sandy beach. Holoplankton and precompetent larval invertebrates were much less abundant within the surf zone than offshore, and their concentrations inside and outside the surf zone were not significantly correlated, suggesting that they were not entering the surf zone. Persistent offshore flow throughout the water column at the outer edge of the surf zone may prevent these organisms from entering the surf zone. In contrast, the concentrations of detritus and a competent larval invertebrate (i.e. cyprids), while also not significantly correlated with concentrations offshore, were frequently more concentrated in the surf zone than offshore. Within the surf zone, the concentration of detritus was significantly correlated with concentrations of competent larval invertebrates (barnacles, gastropods, polychaetes, and bopyrid amphipod) and organisms that may be associated with detritus (amphipods and harpacticoid copepods). These concentrations were significantly negatively correlated with average daily wave height. We hypothesize that detritus and larvae enter the surf zone near the bottom during calm wave conditions by a process of near-bottom streaming. Near-bottom streaming is associated with all surf zones and may be a general mechanism for onshore transport of larvae close to the coast. C1 [Shanks, Alan L.; Jarvis, Marley] Univ Oregon, Oregon Inst Marine Biol, Charleston, OR 97420 USA. [MacMahan, Jamie; Brown, Jenna] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Morgan, Steven G.; Griesemer, Chris] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Bodega Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA. [Reniers, Ad J. H. M.; Fujimura, Atsushi] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Hydraul Engn, Civil Engn & Geosci, NL-2628 CN Delft, Netherlands. RP Shanks, AL (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Oregon Inst Marine Biol, POB 5389, Charleston, OR 97420 USA. EM ashanks@uoregon.edu FU National Science Foundation grant (NSF-OCE) [092735] FX This collaborative research effort was supported by a National Science Foundation grant (NSF-OCE#092735) to A.L.S., S.G.M., J.M., and A.J.H.M.R. Field and laboratory assistance was provided by R. Cowen, C. Gon, M. Hogan, J. Noseff, E. Thornton, D. Trovillion, D. Watson, and K. Wyckoff. This is a contribution of the Oregon Institute of Marine Biology, the Bodega Marine Laboratory, the Naval Postgraduate School and Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 21 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 EI 1616-1599 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD MAY 28 PY 2015 VL 528 BP 71 EP 86 DI 10.3354/meps11223 PG 16 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA CK2WR UT WOS:000356075600006 ER PT J AU Cargill, PJ Warren, HP Bradshaw, SJ AF Cargill, P. J. Warren, H. P. Bradshaw, S. J. TI Modelling nanoflares in active regions and implications for coronal heating mechanisms SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE solar corona; magnetic reconnection; emission measure ID EMISSION MEASURE DISTRIBUTIONS; ALFVEN-WAVE TURBULENCE; SOLAR CORONA; X-RAY; SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; SCALING LAWS; LOOPS; DYNAMICS; CORES; DENSITY AB Recent observations from the Hinode and Solar Dynamics Observatory spacecraft have provided major advances in understanding the heating of solar active regions (ARs). For ARs comprising many magnetic strands or sub-loops heated by small, impulsive events (nanoflares), it is suggested that (i) the time between individual nanoflares in a magnetic strand is 500-2000 s, (ii) a weak 'hot' component (more than 106.6 K) is present, and (iii) nanoflare energies may be as low as a few 1023 ergs. These imply small heating events in a stressed coronal magnetic field, where the time between individual nanoflares on a strand is of order the cooling time. Modelling suggests that the observed properties are incompatible with nanoflare models that require long energy build-up (over 10 s of thousands of seconds) and with steady heating. C1 [Cargill, P. J.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Space & Atmospher Phys, London SW7 2BW, England. [Cargill, P. J.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Math & Stat, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Warren, H. P.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bradshaw, S. J.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Cargill, PJ (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Space & Atmospher Phys, London SW7 2BW, England. EM p.cargill@imperial.ac.uk FU NASA's Hinode programme; NASA [NNX11AF13G] FX H.P.W. was supported by NASA's Hinode programme. S.J.B. thanks NASA for support under grant no. NNX11AF13G. NR 69 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 7 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X EI 1471-2962 J9 PHILOS T R SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD MAY 28 PY 2015 VL 373 IS 2042 AR 20140260 DI 10.1098/rsta.2014.0260 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CG5BL UT WOS:000353304600004 ER PT J AU Klingaman, NP Woolnough, SJ Jiang, XN Waliser, D Xavier, PK Petch, J Caian, M Hannay, C Kim, D Ma, HY Merryfield, WJ Miyakawa, T Pritchard, M Ridout, JA Roehrig, R Shindo, E Vitart, F Wang, HL Cavanaugh, NR Mapes, BE Shelly, A Zhang, GJ AF Klingaman, Nicholas P. Woolnough, Steven J. Jiang, Xianan Waliser, Duane Xavier, Prince K. Petch, Jon Caian, Mihaela Hannay, Cecile Kim, Daehyun Ma, Hsi-Yen Merryfield, William J. Miyakawa, Tomoki Pritchard, Mike Ridout, James A. Roehrig, Romain Shindo, Eiki Vitart, Frederic Wang, Hailan Cavanaugh, Nicholas R. Mapes, Brian E. Shelly, Ann Zhang, Guang J. TI Vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden-Julian oscillation: Linking hindcast fidelity to simulated diabatic heating and moistening SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE Madden-Julian oscillation; tropical convection; diabatic heating; model evaluation; hindcasts; diabatic moistening ID TEMPERATURE-GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; TROPICAL INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATION; COMMUNITY ATMOSPHERE MODEL; MULTIVARIATE MJO INDEX; 30-50 DAY VARIABILITY; GLOBAL CLIMATE MODEL; PART I; SYSTEMATIC-ERRORS; FORECAST SYSTEM; SUMMER MONSOON AB Many theories for the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) focus on diabatic processes, particularly the evolution of vertical heating and moistening. Poor MJO performance in weather and climate models is often blamed on biases in these processes and their interactions with the large-scale circulation. We introduce one of the three components of a model evaluation project, which aims to connect MJO fidelity in models to their representations of several physical processes, focusing on diabatic heating and moistening. This component consists of 20day hindcasts, initialized daily during two MJO events in winter 2009-2010. The 13 models exhibit a range of skill: several have accurate forecasts to 20days lead, while others perform similarly to statistical models (8-11days). Models that maintain the observed MJO amplitude accurately predict propagation, but not vice versa. We find no link between hindcast fidelity and the precipitation-moisture relationship, in contrast to other recent studies. There is also no relationship between models' performance and the evolution of their diabatic heating profiles with rain rate. A more robust association emerges between models' fidelity and net moistening: the highest-skill models show a clear transition from low-level moistening for light rainfall to midlevel moistening at moderate rainfall and upper level moistening for heavy rainfall. The midlevel moistening, arising from both dynamics and physics, may be most important. Accurately representing many processes may be necessary but not sufficient for capturing the MJO, which suggests that models fail to predict the MJO for a broad range of reasons and limits the possibility of finding a panacea. C1 [Klingaman, Nicholas P.; Woolnough, Steven J.] Univ Reading, Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci, Reading, Berks, England. [Klingaman, Nicholas P.; Woolnough, Steven J.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England. [Jiang, Xianan; Waliser, Duane] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Jiang, Xianan; Waliser, Duane] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Xavier, Prince K.; Petch, Jon; Shelly, Ann] UK Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Caian, Mihaela] Swedish Meteorol & Hydrol Inst, Rossby Ctr, S-60176 Norrkoping, Sweden. [Hannay, Cecile] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Kim, Daehyun] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Ma, Hsi-Yen] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA USA. [Merryfield, William J.] Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Miyakawa, Tomoki] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Dept Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Land Proc Res, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan. [Miyakawa, Tomoki] Univ Tokyo, Atmosphere & Ocean Res Inst, Tokyo, Japan. [Pritchard, Mike] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA. [Ridout, James A.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Roehrig, Romain] Meteo France, CNRM GAME, Toulouse, France. [Roehrig, Romain] CNRS, Toulouse, France. [Shindo, Eiki] Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. [Vitart, Frederic] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, Berks, England. [Wang, Hailan] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Cavanaugh, Nicholas R.; Zhang, Guang J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Mapes, Brian E.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. RP Klingaman, NP (reprint author), Univ Reading, Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci, Reading, Berks, England. EM n.p.klingaman@reading.ac.uk RI Klingaman, Nicholas/H-4610-2012; Ma, Hsi-Yen/K-1019-2013 OI Klingaman, Nicholas/0000-0002-2927-9303; FU National Centre for Atmospheric Science, a collaborative center of the Natural Environment Research Council [R8/H12/83/001]; NSF Climate and Large-Scale Dynamics program [AGS-1228302]; NOAA MAPP program [NA12OAR4310075]; Office of Naval Research [ONRBAA12-001, 0601153N]; NSF [AGS-1221013, OCI-1053575, AGS-1015964]; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation; NASA [NNX13AM18G]; Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program [CATER 2013-3142]; U.S. DOE as part of the CAPT; U.S. DOE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NOAA CGC postdoctoral fellowship; NOAA [NA11OAR4310098]; DOE [DE-SC0008880]; [ATM-0425247] FX The complete archive of data produced by this project and analyzed in this manuscript is freely available for download from https://earthsystemcog.org/projects/gass-yotc-mip/. The authors are grateful to Chindong Zhang and three anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions on this manuscript. Nicholas Klingaman and Steven Woolnough were funded by the National Centre for Atmospheric Science, a collaborative center of the Natural Environment Research Council, under contract R8/H12/83/001. Xianan Jiang acknowledges support by NSF Climate and Large-Scale Dynamics program under award AGS-1228302 and NOAA MAPP program under award NA12OAR4310075. Duane Waliser acknowledges support from the Office of Naval Research under project ONRBAA12-001, and NSF AGS-1221013, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. Daehyun Kim appreciates the NASA/GISS modeling group, especially Maxwell Kelley, Mao-Sung Yao, and Anthony Del Genio, for their invaluable and unlimited support. Daehyun Kim was supported by the NASA grant NNX13AM18G and the Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program under grant CATER 2013-3142. The effort of Hsi-Yen Ma was funded by the RGCM and ASR programs of the U.S. DOE as part of the CAPT. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by LLNL under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. William Merryfield acknowledges Jason Cole and Mike Lazare for their roles in producing CanCM4 data and Woo-Sung Lee for performing the CanCM4 simulations. Tomoki Miyakawa acknowledges the NICAM and MIROC teams for developing the models; M. Watanabe, H. Miura, and T. Nasuno for supervising the simulations; N. Hirota and T. Hashino for assistance in data processing; and a grant of supercomputing resources from the Earth Simulator Center. Mike Pritchard was supported by a NOAA CGC postdoctoral fellowship; he thanks Marat Khairoutdinov for developing and making SPCAM3 available through the Center for Multiscale Modeling of Atmospheric Processes, a National Science Foundation (NSF) Science and Technology Center managed by Colorado State University under cooperative agreement ATM-0425247. Computing resources for SPCAM3 simulations were provided courtesy of the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment, supported by NSF grant OCI-1053575 under allocation TG-ATM120034. James Ridout gratefully acknowledges support from the Office of Naval Research program element 0601153N, a grant of computing time from the United States Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program, and assistance from Maria Flatau in preparing the NavGEM1 hindcasts. Frederic Vitart acknowledges Peter Bechtold for assisting in producing tendency output from the ECMWF IFS hindcasts. Guang Zhang was supported by NSF AGS-1015964, NOAA NA11OAR4310098, and DOE DE-SC0008880. NR 103 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAY 27 PY 2015 VL 120 IS 10 BP 4690 EP 4717 DI 10.1002/2014JD022374 PG 28 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CL1IT UT WOS:000356696800016 ER PT J AU Jiang, X Waliser, DE Xavier, PK Petch, J Klingaman, NP Woolnough, SJ Guan, B Bellon, G Crueger, T DeMott, C Hannay, C Lin, H Hu, WT Kim, D Lappen, CL Lu, MM Ma, HY Miyakawa, T Ridout, JA Schubert, SD Scinocca, J Seo, KH Shindo, E Song, XL Stan, C Tseng, WL Wang, WQ Wu, TW Wu, XQ Wyser, K Zhang, GJ Zhu, HY AF Jiang, Xianan Waliser, Duane E. Xavier, Prince K. Petch, Jon Klingaman, Nicholas P. Woolnough, Steven J. Guan, Bin Bellon, Gilles Crueger, Traute DeMott, Charlotte Hannay, Cecile Lin, Hai Hu, Wenting Kim, Daehyun Lappen, Cara-Lyn Lu, Mong-Ming Ma, Hsi-Yen Miyakawa, Tomoki Ridout, James A. Schubert, Siegfried D. Scinocca, John Seo, Kyong-Hwan Shindo, Eiki Song, Xiaoliang Stan, Cristiana Tseng, Wan-Ling Wang, Wanqiu Wu, Tongwen Wu, Xiaoqing Wyser, Klaus Zhang, Guang J. Zhu, Hongyan TI Vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden-Julian oscillation: Exploring key model physics in climate simulations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE Madden-Julian oscillation; general circulation model; moist convection; multiscale interaction ID TROPICAL INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATION; CONVECTIVE MOMENTUM TRANSPORT; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; MOIST STATIC ENERGY; COUPLED EQUATORIAL WAVES; TEMPERATURE-GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURES; ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON; 1997-98 EL-NINO; TOGA COARE IOP AB Aimed at reducing deficiencies in representing the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) in general circulation models (GCMs), a global model evaluation project on vertical structure and physical processes of the MJO was coordinated. In this paper, results from the climate simulation component of this project are reported. It is shown that the MJO remains a great challenge in these latest generation GCMs. The systematic eastward propagation of the MJO is only well simulated in about one fourth of the total participating models. The observed vertical westward tilt with altitude of the MJO is well simulated in good MJO models but not in the poor ones. Damped Kelvin wave responses to the east of convection in the lower troposphere could be responsible for the missing MJO preconditioning process in these poor MJO models. Several process-oriented diagnostics were conducted to discriminate key processes for realistic MJO simulations. While large-scale rainfall partition and low-level mean zonal winds over the Indo-Pacific in a model are not found to be closely associated with its MJO skill, two metrics, including the low-level relative humidity difference between high- and low-rain events and seasonal mean gross moist stability, exhibit statistically significant correlations with the MJO performance. It is further indicated that increased cloud-radiative feedback tends to be associated with reduced amplitude of intraseasonal variability, which is incompatible with the radiative instability theory previously proposed for the MJO. Results in this study confirm that inclusion of air-sea interaction can lead to significant improvement in simulating the MJO. C1 [Jiang, Xianan; Waliser, Duane E.; Guan, Bin] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Jiang, Xianan; Waliser, Duane E.; Guan, Bin] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Xavier, Prince K.; Petch, Jon] UK Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Klingaman, Nicholas P.; Woolnough, Steven J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci, Reading, Berks, England. [Klingaman, Nicholas P.; Woolnough, Steven J.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England. [Bellon, Gilles] CNRS, Meteo France, CNRM GAME, Toulouse, France. [Crueger, Traute] Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Hamburg, Germany. [DeMott, Charlotte] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hannay, Cecile] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Lin, Hai] Environm Canada, Dorval, PQ, Canada. [Hu, Wenting] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, State Key Lab Numer Modeling Atmospher Sci & Geop, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Kim, Daehyun] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, New York, NY USA. [Lappen, Cara-Lyn] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX USA. [Lu, Mong-Ming] Cent Weather Bur, Taipei, Taiwan. [Ma, Hsi-Yen] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Miyakawa, Tomoki] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Dept Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Land Proc Res, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan. [Ridout, James A.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Schubert, Siegfried D.] NASA GSFC, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Scinocca, John] Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Seo, Kyong-Hwan] Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Shindo, Eiki] Meteorol Res Inst, Climate Res Dept, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. [Song, Xiaoliang; Zhang, Guang J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Stan, Cristiana] George Mason Univ, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Earth Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Tseng, Wan-Ling] Acad Sinica, Univ Res Ctr Environm Changes, Taipei 115, Taiwan. [Wang, Wanqiu] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA. [Wu, Tongwen] China Meteorol Adm, Beijing Climate Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wu, Xiaoqing] Iowa State Univ, Dept Geol & Atmospher Sci, Ames, IA USA. [Wyser, Klaus] Swedish Meteorol & Hydrol Inst, Rossby Ctr, S-60176 Norrkoping, Sweden. [Zhu, Hongyan] Bur Meteorol, Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RP Jiang, XN (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM xianan@ucla.edu RI Stan, Cristiana/B-4376-2009; Klingaman, Nicholas/H-4610-2012; DeMott, Charlotte/L-7414-2015; Ma, Hsi-Yen/K-1019-2013; Guan, Bin/F-6735-2010; OI Stan, Cristiana/0000-0002-0076-0574; Klingaman, Nicholas/0000-0002-2927-9303; DeMott, Charlotte/0000-0002-3975-1288; Bellon, Gilles/0000-0003-3981-1225 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) Climate and Large-Scale Dynamics Program [AGS-1228302]; NOAA MAPP program [NA12OAR4310075]; Office of Naval Research [ONRBAA12-001, 0601153N]; NSF [AGS-1221013, AGS-1211848, ATM-0935263]; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under NASA; National Centre for Atmospheric Science, a National Environment Research Council collaborative center [R8/H12/83/001]; Joint DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme [GA01101]; NASA [NNX13AM18G]; Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program [CATER 2013-3142]; National Science Foundation; European Union [244067]; U.S. DOE as part of the CAPT; U.S. DOE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; National Research Foundation of Korea - Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2011-0015486] FX The multimodel output collected by this project and analyzed in this study is available for free download from https://earthsystemcog.org/projects/gassyotc-mip/. We acknowledge the insightful comments from the Editor, C. Zhang, and J. Lin and other two reviewers, which greatly helped improve this manuscript. We would like to thank E. Maloney and J. Benedict for their help with the calculation of gross moist stability. We are indebted to E. Maloney, A. Del Genio, B. Wang, B. Mapes, M. Moncrieff, A. Majda, C. Zhang, T. Li, and WGNE MJO Task Force members for stimulating discussions during the course of this study. X. Jiang acknowledges support by National Science Foundation (NSF) Climate and Large-Scale Dynamics Program under awards AGS-1228302, and NOAA MAPP program under award NA12OAR4310075. D. Waliser acknowledges the Office of Naval Research under Project ONRBAA12-001, NSF AGS-1221013, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the NASA. N. Klingaman and S. Woolnough were supported by the National Centre for Atmospheric Science, a National Environment Research Council collaborative center, under contract R8/H12/83/001. P. Xavier and J. Petch are supported by the Joint DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme (GA01101). D. Kim was supported by the NASA grant NNX13AM18G and the Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program under grant CATER 2013-3142, and he appreciates the NASA/GISS modeling group, especially M. Kelley, M.-S. Yao, and A. Del Genio for their invaluable and unlimited supports. J. Ridout gratefully acknowledges support from the Office of Naval Research Program Element 0601153N, a grant of computing time from the United States Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program. The SMHI simulations were performed on resources provided by the Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC) at the Parallel Computing Centre (PDC). The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. Some of this research by T. Crueger has received funding from the European Union, Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement 244067. The effort of H.-Y. Ma was funded by the RGCM and ASR programs of the U.S. DOE as part of the CAPT. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by LLNL under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. C. Stan was supported by NSF grant AGS-1211848. K.-H. Seo is supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea grant (2011-0015486) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology. X. Wu is supported by the NSF under grant ATM-0935263. T. Miyakawa acknowledges M. Watanabe and N. Hirota for their support in providing MIROC data set, and the Earth Simulator (JIMSTEC) for the computation. W-L Tseng was supported by the German BMBF NORDATLANTIK project, and the Norddeutscher Verbund fur Hoch- und Hochstleistungsrechnen for the computation. NR 204 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 7 U2 40 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAY 27 PY 2015 VL 120 IS 10 BP 4718 EP 4748 DI 10.1002/2014JD022375 PG 31 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CL1IT UT WOS:000356696800017 ER PT J AU Kruse, FA Baugh, WM Perry, SL AF Kruse, Fred A. Baugh, William M. Perry, Sandra L. TI Validation of DigitalGlobe WorldView-3 Earth imaging satellite shortwave infrared bands for mineral mapping SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE WorldView-3; shortwave infrared; multispectral mineral mapping; hyperspectral; Cuprite; Nevada alteration ID SPACEBORNE THERMAL EMISSION; REFLECTION RADIOMETER ASTER; ALTERED ROCKS; SPECTROMETER DATA; NEVADA; SPECTROSCOPY; CALIFORNIA; CUPRITE; IMAGES; DISCRIMINATION AB WorldView-3 (WV-3) is a newly launched (August 2014) high-spatial resolution commercial multispectral satellite sensor with eight visible to near-infrared bands (0.42 to 1.04 mu m) and eight shortwave infrared (SWIR) bands (1.2 to 2.33 mu m). Previous analyses using hyperspectral imagery (HSI) data of Cuprite, Nevada, to simulate WV-3's eight SWIR bands demonstrated identification and mapping of a wide variety of minerals, including kaolinite, alunite, buddingtonite, muscovite, calcite, and hydrothermal silica. These results, using partial unmixing, showed mineral occurrences similar to those mapped using full resolution HSI data and established WV-3's potential as a valuable new mineral mapping tool. Confusion matrix analyses using the HSI data as ground truth did indicate, however, some difficulties with mapping spectrally similar minerals using the multispectral data. Follow-up mineral mapping, using on-orbit WV-3 data acquired September 19, 2014, for Cuprite, Nevada, and the same algorithms and methods used for WV-3 simulation, indicates that the WV-3 sensor is performing as expected. WV-3 SWIR data analyses closely match expectations for mineral mapping as predicted by the simulation. While not as capable as an HSI sensor, WV-3's carefully selected eight SWIR bands provide new remote mineral mapping capabilities not available from any other spaceborne multispectral system. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. C1 [Kruse, Fred A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Kruse, Fred A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Ctr Remote Sensing, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Baugh, William M.] DigitalGlobe Inc, Longmont, CO 80503 USA. [Perry, Sandra L.] Perry Remote Sensing LLC, Denver, CO 80231 USA. RP Kruse, FA (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM fakruse@nps.edu NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 21 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PD MAY 27 PY 2015 VL 9 AR 096044 DI 10.1117/1.JRS.9.096044 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA CK5TQ UT WOS:000356289000001 ER PT J AU Mukhopadhyay, S Thompson, T Sakamoto, J Huq, A Wolfenstine, J Allen, JL Bernstein, N Stewart, DA Johannes, MD AF Mukhopadhyay, Saikat Thompson, Travis Sakamoto, Jeff Huq, Ashfia Wolfenstine, Jeff Allen, Jan L. Bernstein, Noam Stewart, Derek A. Johannes, M. D. TI Structure and Stoichiometry in Supervalent Doped Li7La3Zr2O12 SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID GARNET-TYPE LI7LA3ZR2O12; LITHIUM ION CONDUCTORS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; CUBIC LI7LA3ZR2O12; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CONDUCTIVITY; OXIDES; TA; LI-7-XLA3ZR2-XTAXO12; ELECTROLYTES AB The oxide garnet material L(i)7La(3)Zr(2)O(12) shows remarkably high ionic conductivity when doped with supervalent ions that are charge compensated by Li vacancies and is currently one of the best candidates for development of a technologically relevant solid electrolyte. Determination of optimal dopant concentration, however, has remained a persistent problem due to the extreme difficulty of establishing the actual (as compared to nominal) stoichiometry of intentionally doped materials and by the fact that it is still not entirely clear what level of lattice expansion/contraction best promotes. ionic diffusion. By combining careful synthesis, neutron diffraction, high-resolution X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman measurements, and density functional theory calculations, we show that structure and stoichiometry are intimately related such that the former can in many cases be used as a gauge of the latter. We show that different Li-vacancy creating supervalent ions (Al3+ vs Ta5+) affect the structure very differently, both in terms of the lattice constant, which is easily measurable, and hi terms of the local structure, which can be difficult or impossible to access experimentally but may have important ramifications for conduction. We carefully correlate the lattice constant to dopant type/concentration via Vegard's law and then further correlate these quantities to relevant local structural parameters. Our work opens the possibility of developing a codopant scheme that optimizes the Li vacancy concentration and the lattice size simultaneously. C1 [Mukhopadhyay, Saikat; Stewart, Derek A.] Cornell Univ, Cornell Nanoscale Facil, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Thompson, Travis; Sakamoto, Jeff] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Huq, Ashfia] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Wolfenstine, Jeff; Allen, Jan L.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Bernstein, Noam; Johannes, M. D.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Johannes, MD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michelle.johannes@nrl.navy.mil RI Stewart, Derek/B-6115-2008; Huq, Ashfia/J-8772-2013; Mukhopadhyay, Saikat/B-4402-2011; OI Huq, Ashfia/0000-0002-8445-9649; Stewart, Derek/0000-0001-7355-2605 FU NSF CBET [1066406]; Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Revolutionary Materials for Solid State Energy Conversion, an Energy Frontier Research Center - US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Science [DE-SC001054]; U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) FX We thankfully acknowledge computing resources from the NNIN/C at Cornell and Research Services at Boston College. The work at Cornell University was supported by NSF CBET Grant via contract numbers 1066406. Funding for M.D.J. and N.B. was provided by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program. A portion of this research at ORNL's Spallation Neutron Source was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. T.T. and J.S. would like to acknowledge support from the Revolutionary Materials for Solid State Energy Conversion, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Science under Award Number DE-SC001054. J.W. and J.L.A. would like to acknowledge support of the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL). NR 48 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 18 U2 101 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD MAY 26 PY 2015 VL 27 IS 10 BP 3658 EP 3665 DI 10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b00362 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA CJ3KP UT WOS:000355382700014 ER PT J AU Mehl, MJ Finkenstadt, D Dane, C Hart, GLW Curtarolo, S AF Mehl, Michael J. Finkenstadt, Daniel Dane, Christian Hart, Gus L. W. Curtarolo, Stefano TI Finding the stable structures of N1-xWx with an ab initio high-throughput approach SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; NITRIDE THIN-FILMS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; TUNGSTEN NITRIDE; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; 1ST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATIONS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; 1ST PRINCIPLES; BINARY-ALLOYS AB Using density functional theory calculations, many researchers have predicted that various tungsten nitride compounds N1-xWx (x < 1/2) will be "ultraincompressible" or "superhard," i.e., as hard as or harder than diamond. Necessary conditions for such compounds are that they have large bulk and shear moduli, greater than approximately 200 GPa, and are elastically and vibrationally stable. Compounds with such desirable properties also must be energetically stable against decomposition into other compounds. This test for stability can only be found after the determination of the convex hull for N1-xWx, which connects the lowest enthalpy structures as a function of composition. Unfortunately, the experimental phase diagram of the N-W structure is uncertain, as it is difficult to break the N-2 bond to form compounds with tungsten. Experiment also indicates that there are a large number of partially filled sites in most N-W structures. This introduces computational difficulties since we cannot easily model randomly placed vacancies. In addition, van der Waals forces play a significant role in determining the structure of solid N-2 and the nitrogen-rich compounds. This makes it difficult to determine the relative energies of these compounds, as there is no universally accepted density functional incorporating van der Waals interactions. The exact shape and even composition of the convex hull is dependent upon the choice of density functional, even if we only chose between the local density approximation and a generalized gradient functional. Despite these difficulties, computations can determine much about the ground-state form of the convex hull. Here, we use high-throughput calculations to map out the hull and other low-energy structures for the N-W system. The lowest-energy structures all have vacancies, on the tungsten sites in hexagonal-based compounds, and on both the nitrogen and tungsten sites in cubic compounds. We find that most of the N-W structures proposed in the literature, both theoretical and experimental, are above the convex hull, in some cases by over 0.2 eV/atom. One of the ground-state phases, N-W in the NbO structure, has relatively large bulk (>300 GPa) and (>200 GPa) shear moduli, and so is a candidate superhard material. This will require further investigation. C1 [Mehl, Michael J.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Finkenstadt, Daniel; Dane, Christian] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Hart, Gus L. W.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Curtarolo, Stefano] Duke Univ, Mat Sci Elect Engn Phys & Chem, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Mehl, MJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.mehl@nrl.navy.mil; stefano@duke.edu RI Mehl, Michael/H-8814-2016 FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Research Laboratory-U. S. Naval Academy Cooperative Program for Scientific Interchange; "Simulation of Materials Under Pressure" Internship at the Naval Research Laboratory; DOD-ONR [N00014-13-1-0635, N00014-11-1-0136, N00014-09-1-0921]; National Science Foundation [DMR-0908753] FX Computational work was done at the U. S. Naval Academy and at the ERDC and AFRL High Performance Computer Centers of the U. S. Department of Defense. We thank Fulton Supercomputing Laboratory and the Cray Corporation for additional computational support. M.J.M. is supported by the Office of Naval Research. D.F. was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory-U. S. Naval Academy Cooperative Program for Scientific Interchange. C.D. was supported by the "Simulation of Materials Under Pressure" Internship at the Naval Research Laboratory. S.C. acknowledges support from DOD-ONR (Grants No. N00014-13-1-0635, No. N00014-11-1-0136, and No. N00014-09-1-0921). G.L.W.H. is grateful for support from the National Science Foundation, Grant No. DMR-0908753. The authors thank Y. Ciftci for providing us with the starting coordinates for the ReP4 structure used in Ref. [30], J. Wollmershauser for referring us to Ref. [21], and also thank Dr. O. Levy and Dr. A. Stelling for useful comments. NR 100 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 8 U2 31 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAY 26 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 18 AR 184110 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.184110 PG 19 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA CI9KW UT WOS:000355089900003 ER PT J AU Ranasinghe, S Ansumana, R Lamin, JM Bockarie, AS Bangura, U Buanie, JAG Stenger, DA Jacobsen, KH AF Ranasinghe, Shamika Ansumana, Rashid Lamin, Joseph M. Bockarie, Alfred S. Bangura, Umaru Buanie, Jacob A. G. Stenger, David A. Jacobsen, Kathryn H. TI Herbs and herbal combinations used to treat suspected malaria in Bo, Sierra Leone SO JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cross-sectional study; Herbal medicine; African traditional medicine; Malaria; Moringa oleifera; West Africa ID VITRO ANTIPLASMODIAL ACTIVITY; MEDICINAL-PLANTS; ETHNOBOTANICAL SURVEY; TRADITIONAL MEDICINE; BURKINA-FASO; DISTRICT; GHANA AB Ethnopharmacological relevance: Most adults in West Africa treat acute febrile illnesses with local herbs, but the patterns of herbs used for malaria have not been recently described in Sierra Leone. Materials and methods: We used a population-based cross-sectional approach to interview 810 randomly-sampled rural and urban adult residents of Bo, Sierra Leone, in December 2013 and January 2014 about their use of herbal remedies when they suspect they have malaria. Results: In total, 55% of the participants reported taking one or more of seven herbs to treat symptoms of malaria. Among herb users, the most commonly used anti-malarial herbs were Moringa oleifera (moringa, 52%) and Sarcocephalus latifolius (yumbuyambay, 50%). The other herbs used included Senna siamea (shekutoure, 18%), Cassia sieberiana (gbangba, 18%), Uvaria afzelii (gone-botai, 14%), Morinda chrysorhiza (njasui, 14%), and Craterispermum laurinum (nyelleh, 7%). Combination herbal therapy was common, with 37% of herb users taking two or more herbs together when ill with suspected malaria. Conclusions: Indigenous medical knowledge about herbal remedies and combinations of local herbs remains an integral part of malaria case management in Sierra Leone. (c) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ranasinghe, Shamika; Jacobsen, Kathryn H.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Ansumana, Rashid; Lamin, Joseph M.; Bockarie, Alfred S.; Bangura, Umaru; Buanie, Jacob A. G.] Mercy Hosp, Res Lab, Kulanda Town, Bo, Sierra Leone. [Ansumana, Rashid] Njala Univ, Bo, Sierra Leone. [Stenger, David A.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Jacobsen, KH (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Global & Community Hlth, 4400 Univ Dr 5B7, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM sranasi3@gmu.edu; rashidansumana@gmail.com; jm_lamin@yahoo.com; asbock2@yahoo.com; umarbans@yahoo.co.uk; jagbuanie@gmail.com; david.stenger@nrl.navy.mil; kjacobse@gmu.edu RI Jacobsen, Kathryn/B-5857-2008; OI Jacobsen, Kathryn/0000-0002-4198-6246; Ranasinghe, Shamika/0000-0001-5884-6541 FU Joint Science and Technology Office of the U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX Funding for this project was provided by Joint Science and Technology Office of the U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-8741 J9 J ETHNOPHARMACOL JI J. Ethnopharmacol. PD MAY 26 PY 2015 VL 166 BP 200 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.jep.2015.03.028 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA CH4NF UT WOS:000354009500023 PM 25794802 ER PT J AU Pereira, VH Gama, MCT Sousa, FAB Lewis, TG Gobatto, CA Manchado-Gobatto, FB AF Pereira, Vanessa Helena Traina Gama, Maria Carolina Barros Sousa, Filipe Antonio Lewis, Theodore Gyle Gobatto, Claudio Alexandre Manchado-Gobatto, Fulvia Barros TI Complex network models reveal correlations among network metrics, exercise intensity and role of body changes in the fatigue process SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL POWER CONCEPT; TREADMILL TEST; NEUROMUSCULAR FATIGUE; MUSCLE FATIGUE; WORK CAPACITY; PERFORMANCE; FORCE; RELIABILITY; KINEMATICS; VALIDITY AB The aims of the present study were analyze the fatigue process at distinct intensity efforts and to investigate its occurrence as interactions at distinct body changes during exercise, using complex network models. For this, participants were submitted to four different running intensities until exhaustion, accomplished in a non-motorized treadmill using a tethered system. The intensities were selected according to critical power model. Mechanical (force, peak power, mean power, velocity and work) and physiological related parameters (heart rate, blood lactate, time until peak blood lactate concentration (lactate time), lean mass, anaerobic and aerobic capacities) and IPAQ score were obtained during exercises and it was used to construction of four complex network models. Such models have both, theoretical and mathematical value, and enables us to perceive new insights that go beyond conventional analysis. From these, we ranked the influences of each node at the fatigue process. Our results shows that nodes, links and network metrics are sensibility according to increase of efforts intensities, been the velocity a key factor to exercise maintenance at models/intensities 1 and 2 (higher time efforts) and force and power at models 3 and 4, highlighting mechanical variables in the exhaustion occurrence and even training prescription applications. C1 [Pereira, Vanessa Helena; Traina Gama, Maria Carolina; Barros Sousa, Filipe Antonio; Gobatto, Claudio Alexandre; Manchado-Gobatto, Fulvia Barros] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Appl Sci, Lab Appl Sport Physiol, BR-13484350 Limeira, SP, Brazil. [Lewis, Theodore Gyle] Ctr Homeland Def & Secur, Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Pereira, VH (reprint author), Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Appl Sci, Lab Appl Sport Physiol, BR-13484350 Limeira, SP, Brazil. EM nessahelena@gmail.com RI GOBATTO, CLAUDIO/O-7257-2015; Manchado-Gobatto, Fulvia/B-9168-2012; Gobatto, Claudio/E-7388-2014; OI Manchado-Gobatto, Fulvia/0000-0002-1178-570X; Pereira, Vanessa Helena/0000-0003-1363-5649 FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo - FAPESP [2009/08535-5, 2012/06355-2]; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior-CAPES [01P04517/2013, 01P03422-2014] FX We would like to thank the Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo - FAPESP (proc. no. 2009/08535-5 and 2012/06355-2) and Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior-CAPES (proc. no. 01P04517/2013 and 01P03422-2014) for the financial support. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 11 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD MAY 21 PY 2015 VL 5 AR 10489 DI 10.1038/srep10489 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CJ5DN UT WOS:000355507700001 PM 25994386 ER PT J AU Jensen, KL Shiffler, DA Rittersdorf, IM Lebowitz, JL Harris, JR Lau, YY Petillo, JJ Tang, W Luginsland, JW AF Jensen, Kevin L. Shiffler, Donald A. Rittersdorf, Ian M. Lebowitz, Joel L. Harris, John R. Lau, Y. Y. Petillo, John J. Tang, Wilkin Luginsland, John W. TI Discrete space charge affected field emission: Flat and hemisphere emitters SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-CURRENT DENSITY; CHILD-LANGMUIR LAW; ELECTRON-EMISSION; CATHODES; SIMULATION; AMPLIFIERS; DESIGN; ARRAYS; BEAMS; CONES AB Models of space-charge affected thermal-field emission from protrusions, able to incorporate the effects of both surface roughness and elongated field emitter structures in beam optics codes, are desirable but difficult. The models proposed here treat the meso-scale diode region separate from the micro-scale regions characteristic of the emission sites. The consequences of discrete emission events are given for both one-dimensional (sheets of charge) and three dimensional (rings of charge) models: in the former, results converge to steady state conditions found by theory (e.g., Rokhlenko et al. [J. Appl. Phys. 107, 014904 (2010)]) but show oscillatory structure as they do. Surface roughness or geometric features are handled using a ring of charge model, from which the image charges are found and used to modify the apex field and emitted current. The roughness model is shown to have additional constraints related to the discrete nature of electron charge. The ability of a unit cell model to treat field emitter structures and incorporate surface roughness effects inside a beam optics code is assessed. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Jensen, Kevin L.; Rittersdorf, Ian M.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Shiffler, Donald A.; Tang, Wilkin] Air Force Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Lebowitz, Joel L.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Math, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Lebowitz, Joel L.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Harris, John R.] US Navy Reserve, New Orleans, LA 70143 USA. [Lau, Y. Y.] Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Petillo, John J.] Leidos, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. [Luginsland, John W.] AFOSR, Phys & Elect Directorate, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Jensen, KL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 6854, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kevin.jensen@nrl.navy.mil RI Jensen, Kevin/I-1269-2015 OI Jensen, Kevin/0000-0001-8644-1680 FU AFOSR; National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory FX We gratefully acknowledge financial support from J. Luginsland and J. Marshall (AFOSR). This research was performed while IMR held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 53 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 21 PY 2015 VL 117 IS 19 AR 194902 DI 10.1063/1.4921186 PG 17 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CI8FN UT WOS:000355005600027 ER PT J AU Gou, HY Yonke, BL Epshteyn, A Kim, DY Smith, JS Strobel, TA AF Gou, Huiyang Yonke, Brendan L. Epshteyn, Albert Kim, Duck Young Smith, Jesse S. Strobel, Timothy A. TI Pressure-induced polymerization of P(CN)(3) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GRAPHITIC CARBON NITRIDE; AMORPHOUS-CARBON; RAMAN-SPECTRA; THIN-FILMS; PHOSPHORUS TRICYANIDE; MOLECULAR PRECURSORS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; POWDER DIFFRACTION; ALKALI CYANIDES; VISIBLE-LIGHT AB Motivated to explore the formation of novel extended carbon-nitrogen solids via well-defined molecular precursor pathways, we studied the chemical reactivity of highly pure phosphorous tricyanide, P(CN)(3), under conditions of high pressure at room temperature. Raman and infrared (IR) spectroscopic measurements reveal a series of phase transformations below 10 GPa, and several low-frequency vibrational modes are reported for the first time. Synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction measurements taken during compression show that molecular P(CN)(3) is highly compressible, with a bulk modulus of 10.0 +/- 0.3 GPa, and polymerizes into an amorphous solid above similar to 10.0 GPa. Raman and IR spectra, together with first-principles molecular-dynamics simulations, show that the amorphization transition is associated with polymerization of the cyanide groups into CN bonds with predominantly sp(2) character, similar to known carbon nitrides, resulting in a novel phosphorous carbon nitride (PCN) polymeric phase, which is recoverable to ambient pressure. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Gou, Huiyang; Kim, Duck Young; Strobel, Timothy A.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Yonke, Brendan L.; Epshteyn, Albert] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Smith, Jesse S.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, High Pressure Collaborat Access Team, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gou, HY (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, 5251 Broad Branch Rd NW, Washington, DC 20015 USA. EM hgou@ciw.edu; tstrobel@ciw.edu FU DARPA under ARO Contract [W31P4Q-13-I-0005]; DOE-NNSA [DE-NA0001974]; DOE-BES [DE-FG02-99ER45775, DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF; DOE Office of Science User Facility [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by DARPA under ARO Contract No. W31P4Q-13-I-0005. Portions of this work were performed at HPCAT (Sector 16), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. HPCAT operations are supported by DOE-NNSA under Award No. DE-NA0001974 and DOE-BES under Award No. DE-FG02-99ER45775, with partial instrumentation funding by NSF. APS is supported by DOE-BES, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. D.Y.K. acknowledges the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) at the University of Texas at Austin and Argonne Leadership Computing Facility (ALCF) which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 for providing high performance computing resources. NR 81 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 40 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAY 21 PY 2015 VL 142 IS 19 AR 194503 DI 10.1063/1.4919640 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA CI8FS UT WOS:000355006200028 PM 26001465 ER PT J AU Hoffman, JE Fatemi, FK Beadie, G Rolston, SL Orozco, LA AF Hoffman, Jonathan E. Fatemi, Fredrik K. Beadie, Guy Rolston, Steven L. Orozco, Luis A. TI Rayleigh scattering in an optical nanofiber as a probe of higher-order mode propagation SO OPTICA LA English DT Article ID CYLINDRICAL VECTOR BEAMS; FIBERS AB Optical nanofibers (ONFs) provide a rich platform for exploring atomic and optical phenomena even when they support only a single spatial mode. Nanofibers supporting higher-order modes (HOMs) provide additional degrees of freedom to enable complex evanescent field profiles for interaction with the surrounding medium, but local control of these profiles requires nondestructive evaluation of the propagating fields. Here, we use Rayleigh scattering for rapid measurement of the propagation of light in few-mode ONFs. Imaging the Rayleigh scattered light provides direct visualization of the spatial evolution of propagating fields throughout the entire fiber, including the transition from core-cladding guidance to cladding-air guidance. We resolve the interference between HOMs to determine local beat lengths and modal content along the fiber, and show that the modal superposition in the waist can be systematically controlled by adjusting the input superposition. With this diagnostic we can measure variations in the radius of the fiber waist to below 3 nm in situ using purely optical means. This nondestructive technique also provides useful insight into light propagation in ONFs. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America C1 [Hoffman, Jonathan E.; Rolston, Steven L.; Orozco, Luis A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hoffman, Jonathan E.; Rolston, Steven L.; Orozco, Luis A.] NIST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Fatemi, Fredrik K.; Beadie, Guy] US Navy, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Fatemi, FK (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM fredrik.fatemi@nrl.navy.mil RI rolston, steven/L-5175-2013 OI rolston, steven/0000-0003-1671-4190 FU Army Research Office (ARO) (Atomtronics MURI) [528418]; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) [HR0011411122]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [PHY-1430094]; Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX Army Research Office (ARO) (Atomtronics MURI (528418)); Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) (HR0011411122); National Science Foundation (NSF) (PHY-1430094); Office of Naval Research (ONR). NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 16 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2334-2536 J9 OPTICA JI Optica PD MAY 20 PY 2015 VL 2 IS 5 BP 416 EP 423 DI 10.1364/OPTICA.2.000416 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA CI6KH UT WOS:000354867400005 ER PT J AU Papaconstantopoulos, DA Klein, BM Mehl, MJ Pickett, WE AF Papaconstantopoulos, D. A. Klein, B. M. Mehl, M. J. Pickett, W. E. TI Cubic H3S around 200 GPa: An atomic hydrogen superconductor stabilized by sulfur SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-PHONON INTERACTION; TRANSITION-TEMPERATURE; METALLIC HYDROGEN; PRESSURE; PDHX; PDDX AB The multiple scattering-based theory of Gaspari and Gyorffy for the electron-ion matrix element in close packed metals is applied to Im (3) over barm H3S, which has been predicted by Duan et al. and Bernstein et al. to be the stable phase at this stoichiometry around 190 GPa, thus is the leading candidate to be the phase observed to superconduct at 190 K by Drozdov, Eremets, and Troyan. The nearly perfect separation of vibrational modes into those of S and of H character provides a simplification that enables identification of contributions of the two atoms separately. The picture that arises is basically that of superconducting atomic H stabilized by strong covalent mixing with S p and d character. The reported isotope shift is much larger than the theoretical one, suggesting there is large anharmonicity in the H vibrations. Given the relative unimportance of sulfur, hydrides of lighter atoms at similarly high pressures may also lead to high temperature superconductivity. C1 [Papaconstantopoulos, D. A.] George Mason Univ, Computat Mat Sci Ctr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Klein, B. M.; Pickett, W. E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Mehl, M. J.] US Navy, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Papaconstantopoulos, DA (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Computat Mat Sci Ctr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM pickett@physics.ucdavis.edu RI Mehl, Michael/H-8814-2016 FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory; NSF [DMR-1207622-0]; US Naval Research Laboratory [N00173-11-1-G002] FX The authors acknowledge many insightful conversations on the theory and application of GG theory with the late B. L. Gyorffy, to whom we dedicate this paper. We acknowledge discussions with A. S. Botana, F. Gygi, and I. I. Mazin. M.J.M. was supported by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's basic research program. W.E.P. was supported by NSF Award No. DMR-1207622-0. D.A.P. was supported by Grant No. N00173-11-1-G002 from the US Naval Research Laboratory. NR 29 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 6 U2 58 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAY 19 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 18 AR 184511 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.184511 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA CI7WZ UT WOS:000354977300004 ER PT J AU Basu, R Kinnamon, D Garvey, A AF Basu, Rajratan Kinnamon, Daniel Garvey, Alfred TI Nano-electromechanical rotation of graphene and giant enhancement in dielectric anisotropy in a liquid crystal SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CARBON NANOTUBES; THERMAL-PROPERTIES AB A nematic liquid crystal (LC) is doped with dilute concentrations of pristine monolayer graphene (GP) flakes, and the LC + GP hybrids are found to exhibit a dramatic increase in the dielectric anisotropy. Electric field-dependent conductance studies reveal that the graphene flakes follow the nematic director that mechanically rotates on increasing an applied electric field. Further studies show that the p-p electron stacking, between the graphene's honeycomb structure and the LC's benzene rings, stabilizes pseudo-nematic domains that collectively amplify the dielectric anisotropy by improving the orientational order parameter in the nematic phase. These anisotropic domains interact with the external electric field, resulting in a nonzero dielectric anisotropy in the isotropic phase as well. The enhancement in dielectric anisotropy, due to the LC-graphene coupling, is found to have subsequent positive impacts on the LC's orientational threshold field and elasticity that allows the nematic director to respond quicker on switching the electric field off. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Basu, Rajratan; Kinnamon, Daniel; Garvey, Alfred] US Naval Acad, Soft Matter & Nanomat Lab, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Basu, R (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Soft Matter & Nanomat Lab, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM basu@usna.edu FU Office of Naval Research, Division 312: Electronics Sensors and Network Research [N0001414WX20791]; U.S. Naval Academy FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research, Division 312: Electronics Sensors and Network Research, Award No. N0001414WX20791 and the investment grant at the U.S. Naval Academy. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 18 PY 2015 VL 106 IS 20 AR 201909 DI 10.1063/1.4921752 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CI8GR UT WOS:000355009400016 ER PT J AU Currie, M Hanbicki, AT Kioseoglou, G Jonker, BT AF Currie, M. Hanbicki, A. T. Kioseoglou, G. Jonker, B. T. TI Optical control of charged exciton states in tungsten disulfide SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDES; MONO LAYER; 2-DIMENSIONAL SEMICONDUCTORS; LATTICE-DYNAMICS; MONOLAYER MOS2; WS2; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; WSE2; BAND AB A method is presented for optically preparing WS2 monolayers to luminescence from only the charged exciton (trion) state-completely suppressing the neutral exciton. When isolating the trion state, we observed changes in the Raman A(1g) intensity and an enhanced feature on the low energy side of the E-2g(1) peak. Photoluminescence and optical reflectivity measurements confirm the existence of the prepared trion state. This technique also prepares intermediate regimes with controlled luminescence amplitudes of the neutral and charged exciton. This effect is reversible by exposing the sample to air, indicating the change is mitigated by surface interactions with the ambient environment. This method provides a tool to modify optical emission energy and to isolate physical processes in this and other two-dimensional materials. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Currie, M.; Hanbicki, A. T.; Jonker, B. T.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kioseoglou, G.] Univ Crete, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. [Kioseoglou, G.] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas FORTH, IESL, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. RP Currie, M (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU NRL; NRL Nanoscience Institute; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [F4GGA24233G001] FX We would like to thank Adam Friedman and Kathy McCreary for sample fabrication as well as Jim Culbertson for assistance with Raman measurements. G.K. gratefully acknowledges the hospitality and support of the Naval Research Laboratory where the experiments were performed. This work was supported by core programs at NRL and the NRL Nanoscience Institute. This work was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under contract number F4GGA24233G001. NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 64 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 18 PY 2015 VL 106 IS 20 AR 201907 DI 10.1063/1.4921472 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CI8GR UT WOS:000355009400014 ER PT J AU Harris, JR Jensen, KL Shiffler, DA Petillo, JJ AF Harris, J. R. Jensen, K. L. Shiffler, D. A. Petillo, J. J. TI Shielding in ungated field emitter arrays SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EMISSION CATHODES AB Cathodes consisting of arrays of high aspect ratio field emitters are of great interest as sources of electron beams for vacuum electronic devices. The desire for high currents and current densities drives the cathode designer towards a denser array, but for ungated emitters, denser arrays also lead to increased shielding, in which the field enhancement factor beta of each emitter is reduced due to the presence of the other emitters in the array. To facilitate the study of these arrays, we have developed a method for modeling high aspect ratio emitters using tapered dipole line charges. This method can be used to investigate proximity effects from similar emitters an arbitrary distance away and is much less computationally demanding than competing simulation approaches. Here, we introduce this method and use it to study shielding as a function of array geometry. Emitters with aspect ratios of 10(2)-10(4) are modeled, and the shielding-induced reduction in beta is considered as a function of tip-to-tip spacing for emitter pairs and for large arrays with triangular and square unit cells. Shielding is found to be negligible when the emitter spacing is greater than the emitter height for the two-emitter array, or about 2.5 times the emitter height in the large arrays, in agreement with previously published results. Because the onset of shielding occurs at virtually the same emitter spacing in the square and triangular arrays, the triangular array is preferred for its higher emitter density at a given emitter spacing. The primary contribution to shielding in large arrays is found to come from emitters within a distance of three times the unit cell spacing for both square and triangular arrays. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Harris, J. R.] US Navy Reserve, Navy Operat Support Ctr New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70143 USA. [Jensen, K. L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Shiffler, D. A.] Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. [Petillo, J. J.] Leidos, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. RP Harris, JR (reprint author), US Navy Reserve, Navy Operat Support Ctr New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70143 USA. RI Jensen, Kevin/I-1269-2015 OI Jensen, Kevin/0000-0001-8644-1680 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX The authors would like to thank Y. Y. Lau and J. L. Lebowitz for valuable discussions. K.L.J. gratefully acknowledges partial support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. J.R.H. would like to thank the Office of Naval Research Reserve Component Program for supporting his participation in this work. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 18 PY 2015 VL 106 IS 20 AR 201603 DI 10.1063/1.4921709 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CI8GR UT WOS:000355009400006 ER PT J AU Liu, GG Hou, WL Qiao, W Han, M AF Liu, Guigen Hou, Weilin Qiao, Wei Han, Ming TI Fast-response fiber-optic anemometer with temperature self-compensation SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID BRAGG GRATINGS; FLOWMETER; SENSORS; SILICON AB We report a novel fiber-optic anemometer with self-temperature compensation capability based on a Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) formed by a thin silicon film attached to the end face of a single-mode fiber. Guided in the fiber are a visible laser beam from a 635 nm diode laser used to heat the FPI and a white-light in the infrared wavelength range as the signal light to interrogate the optical length of the FPI. Cooling effects on the heated sensor head by wind is converted to a wavelength blueshift of the reflection spectral fringes of the FPI. Self-temperature-compensated measurement of wind speed is achieved by recording the difference in fringe wavelengths when the heating laser is turned on and then off. Large thermal-optic coefficient and thermal expansion coefficient of silicon render a high sensitivity that can also be easily tuned by altering the heating laser power. Furthermore, the large thermal diffusivity and the small mass of the thin silicon film endow a fast sensor response. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America C1 [Liu, Guigen; Qiao, Wei; Han, Ming] Univ Nebraska, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Hou, Weilin] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Han, M (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM mhan@unl.edu FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory [N0017315P0376]; U.S. Office of Naval Research [N000141310159] FX This work was partially supported U.S. Naval Research Laboratory under contract no. N0017315P0376 and U.S. Office of Naval Research under grant no. N000141310159. We thank Prof. Zhaoyan Zhang for stimulating discussions on the heat-transfer problem and Mr. Dustin Dam for technical support on the high-speed spectrometer. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 23 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD MAY 18 PY 2015 VL 23 IS 10 BP 13562 EP 13570 DI 10.1364/OE.23.013562 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA CI4GQ UT WOS:000354706800102 PM 26074604 ER PT J AU Lesher, SR Casarella, C Aprahamian, A Crider, BP Ikeyama, R Marsh, IR McEllistrem, MT Peters, EE Prados-Estevez, FM Smith, MK Tully, ZR Vanhoy, JR Yates, SW AF Lesher, S. R. Casarella, C. Aprahamian, A. Crider, B. P. Ikeyama, R. Marsh, I. R. McEllistrem, M. T. Peters, E. E. Prados-Estevez, F. M. Smith, M. K. Tully, Z. R. Vanhoy, J. R. Yates, S. W. TI Collectivity of 0(+) states in Gd-160 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID INTERACTING-BOSON-APPROXIMATION; DOPPLER-SHIFT ATTENUATION; DEFORMED-NUCLEI; PHONON EXCITATION; GAMMA-BAND; MODEL; COEXISTENCE; VIBRATIONS; NEUTRON; HF-178 AB Excited 0(+) states in Gd-160 have been examined with the (n, n 'gamma.) reaction at incident neutron energies up to 2.8 MeV. Gamma-ray excitation functions and angular distribution measurements allow the confirmation of the existence of 0(+) states at 1379.70 keV and 1558.30 keV, but we reject the assignments of additional previously suggested 0(+) candidates. Limits on the level lifetimes of the observed 0(+) states permit an evaluation of the collectivity of these states. C1 [Lesher, S. R.; Ikeyama, R.; Marsh, I. R.; Tully, Z. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA. [Lesher, S. R.; Casarella, C.; Aprahamian, A.; Smith, M. K.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Crider, B. P.; McEllistrem, M. T.; Prados-Estevez, F. M.; Yates, S. W.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Peters, E. E.; Yates, S. W.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Vanhoy, J. R.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Lesher, SR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA. EM slesher@uwlax.edu FU National Science Foundation [PHY-1205412, PHY-1068192, PHY-1305801] FX We thank H. E. Baber for his help with accelerator maintenance and operation. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Nos. PHY-1205412, PHY-1068192, and PHY-1305801. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAY 18 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 5 AR 054317 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.91.054317 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA CI7VM UT WOS:000354972900003 ER PT J AU Abdelwahab, NM Adamczyk, L Adkins, JK Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alekseev, I Alford, J Anson, CD Aparin, A Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, EC Averichev, GS Banerjee, A Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhattarai, P Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Borowski, W Bouchet, J Brandin, AV Brovko, SG Bultmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Butterworth, J Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Campbell, JM Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chaloupka, P Chang, Z Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, L Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Codrington, MJM Contin, G Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Cui, X Das, S Leyva, AD De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD di Ruzza, B Didenko, L Dilks, C Ding, F Djawotho, P Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Engelage, J Engle, KS Eppley, G Eun, L Evdokimov, O Eyser, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Fedorisin, J Filip, P Fisyak, Y Flores, CE Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Garand, D Geurts, F Gibson, A Girard, M Gliske, S Greiner, L Grosnick, D Gunarathne, DS Guo, Y Gupta, A Gupta, S Guryn, W Haag, B Hamed, A Han, LX Haque, R Harris, JW Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Horvat, S Huang, B Huang, HZ Huang, X Huck, P Humanic, TJ Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jang, H Judd, EG Kabana, S Kalinkin, D Kang, K Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kesich, A Khan, ZH Kikola, DP Kisel, I Kisiel, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Koralt, I Kosarzewski, LK Kotchenda, L Kraishan, AF Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kulakov, I Kumar, L Kycia, RA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Landry, KD Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Li, C Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, ZM Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Lomnitz, M Longacre, RS Luo, X Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D McShane, TS Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, DA Mustafa, MK Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Nigmatkulov, G Nogach, LV Noh, SY Novak, J Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Ohlson, A Okorokov, V Oldag, EW Olvitt, DL Page, BS Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Pile, P Planinic, M Pluta, J Poljak, N Poniatowska, K Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Pruthi, NK Przybycien, M Putschke, J Qiu, H Quintero, A Ramachandran, S Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Riley, CK Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ross, JF Roy, A Ruan, L Rusnak, J Rusnakova, O Sahoo, NR Sahu, PK Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandacz, A Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, WB Schmitz, N Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shanmuganathan, PV Shao, M Sharma, B Shen, WQ Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Simko, M Skoby, MJ Smirnov, D Smirnov, N Solanki, D Sorensen, P Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Sumbera, M Sun, X Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Svirida, DN Symons, TJM Szelezniak, MA Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarnowsky, T Thomas, JH Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Turnau, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vandenbroucke, M Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Vertesi, R Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Vossen, A Wada, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, XL Wang, Y Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Wieman, H Wissink, SW Wu, YF Xiao, Z Xie, W Xin, K Xu, H Xu, J Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, Y Xu, Z Yan, W Yang, C Yang, Y Yang, Y Ye, Z Yepes, P Yi, L Yip, K Yoo, IK Yu, N Zbroszczyk, H Zha, W Zhang, JB Zhang, JL Zhang, S Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneeva, Y Zyzak, M AF Abdelwahab, N. M. Adamczyk, L. Adkins, J. K. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Anson, C. D. Aparin, A. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. C. Averichev, G. S. Banerjee, A. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bhattarai, P. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Borowski, W. Bouchet, J. Brandin, A. V. Brovko, S. G. Bueltmann, S. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Butterworth, J. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Campbell, J. M. Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chaloupka, P. Chang, Z. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, L. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Christie, W. Codrington, M. J. M. Contin, G. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Cui, X. Das, S. Leyva, A. Davila De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. de Souza, R. Derradi di Ruzza, B. Didenko, L. Dilks, C. Ding, F. Djawotho, P. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Engelage, J. Engle, K. S. Eppley, G. Eun, L. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Fedorisin, J. Filip, P. Fisyak, Y. Flores, C. E. Gagliardi, C. A. Gangadharan, D. R. Garand, D. Geurts, F. Gibson, A. Girard, M. Gliske, S. Greiner, L. Grosnick, D. Gunarathne, D. S. Guo, Y. Gupta, A. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hamed, A. Han, L-X. Haque, R. Harris, J. W. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Horvat, S. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Huang, X. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jang, H. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kalinkin, D. Kang, K. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kesich, A. Khan, Z. H. Kikola, D. P. Kisel, I. Kisiel, A. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Koralt, I. Kosarzewski, L. K. Kotchenda, L. Kraishan, A. F. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kulakov, I. Kumar, L. Kycia, R. A. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. Landry, K. D. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Li, C. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. M. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Lomnitz, M. Longacre, R. S. Luo, X. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, D. A. Mustafa, M. K. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Nigmatkulov, G. Nogach, L. V. Noh, S. Y. Novak, J. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Ohlson, A. Okorokov, V. Oldag, E. W. Olvitt, D. L., Jr. Page, B. S. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Poljak, N. Poniatowska, K. Porter, J. Poskanzer, A. M. Pruthi, N. K. Przybycien, M. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Quintero, A. Ramachandran, S. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Riley, C. K. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ross, J. F. Roy, A. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Rusnakova, O. Sahoo, N. R. Sahu, P. K. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandacz, A. Sandweiss, J. Sangaline, E. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, W. B. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shanmuganathan, P. V. Shao, M. Sharma, B. Shen, W. Q. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Simko, M. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, D. Smirnov, N. Solanki, D. Sorensen, P. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Symons, T. J. M. Szelezniak, M. A. Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarnowsky, T. Thomas, J. H. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Trzeciak, B. A. Tsai, O. D. Turnau, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vandenbroucke, M. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Vertesi, R. Videbaek, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Vossen, A. Wada, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Wu, Y. F. Xiao, Z. Xie, W. Xin, K. Xu, H. Xu, J. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Yan, W. Yang, C. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Ye, Z. Yepes, P. Yi, L. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K. Yu, N. Zbroszczyk, H. Zha, W. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, J. L. Zhang, S. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zyzak, M. CA STAR Collaboration TI Isolation of flow and nonflow correlations by two- and four-particle cumulant measurements of azimuthal harmonics in root s(NN)=200 GeV Au+Au collisions SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE Heavy-ion; Flow; Nonflow ID RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; COLLECTIVE FLOW AB A data-driven method was applied to Au+Au collisions at root S-NN = 200 GeV made with the STAR detector at RHIC to isolate pseudorapidity distance Delta eta-dependent and Delta eta-independent correlations by using two- and four-particle azimuthal cumulant measurements. We identified a Delta eta-independent component of the correlation, which is dominated by anisotropic flow and flow fluctuations. It was also found to be independent of. within the measured range of pseudorapidity vertical bar eta vertical bar < 1. In 20-30% central Au+Au collisions, the relative flow fluctuation was found to be 34% +/- 2%(stat.) +/- 3%(sys.) for particles with transverse momentum p(T) less than 2 GeV/c. The Delta eta-dependent part, attributed to nonflow correlations, is found to be 5% +/- 2%(sys.) relative to the flow of the measured second harmonic cumulant at vertical bar Delta eta vertical bar > 0.7. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Przybycien, M.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Gliske, S.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Nelson, J. M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Burton, T. P.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Eyser, O.; Fazio, S.; Fisyak, Y.; Guryn, W.; Huang, B.; Ke, H. W.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Ogawa, A.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Schmidke, W. B.; Smirnov, D.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Wang, H.; Webb, G.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Brovko, S. G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Ding, F.; Draper, J. E.; Flores, C. E.; Haag, B.; Kesich, A.; Romero, J. L.; Sangaline, E.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dunkelberger, L. E.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Landry, K. D.; Nasim, Md.; Pan, Y. X.; Shah, N.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Zhao, F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [de Souza, R. Derradi; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, BR-13131 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, L.; Huck, P.; Li, Z. M.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Pei, H.; Wu, Y. F.; Xu, J.; Yang, Y.; Yu, N.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhao, J.] Cent China Normal Univ HZNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Evdokimov, O.; Hofman, D. J.; Kauder, K.; Khan, Z. H.; Pandit, Y.; Wang, Y.; Ye, Z.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Kycia, R. A.] Cracow Univ Technol, PL-31155 Krakow, Poland. [De Silva, L. C.; McShane, T. S.; Ross, J. F.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Rusnakova, O.; Simko, M.; Trzeciak, B. A.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Rusnak, J.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.; Vertesi, R.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys Nucl, Rez 25068, Czech Republic. [Kisel, I.; Kollegger, T.; Kulakov, I.; Stock, R.; Zyzak, M.] FIAS, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Das, S.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Sahu, P. K.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Skoby, M. J.; Vossen, A.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Kalinkin, D.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Agakishiev, G.; Aparin, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Alford, J.; Bouchet, J.; Keane, D.; Lomnitz, M.; Margetis, S.; Quintero, A.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Adkins, J. K.; Fatemi, R.; Ramachandran, S.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Jang, H.; Noh, S. Y.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Taejon 305701, South Korea. [Du, C. M.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. [Contin, G.; Dong, X.; Eun, L.; Greiner, L.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Mustafa, M. K.; Odyniec, G.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Qiu, H.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Schmah, A. M.; Shi, S. S.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Szelezniak, M. A.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Stevens, J. R.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Novak, J.; Tarnowsky, T.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Okorokov, V.; Strikhanov, M.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Haque, R.; Kumar, L.; Mohanty, B.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Anson, C. D.; Campbell, J. M.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bueltmann, S.; Koralt, I.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Pawlik, B.; Turnau, J.] PAN, Inst Phys Nucl, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Pruthi, N. K.; Sharma, B.; Stringfellow, B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Cendejas, R.; Dilks, C.; Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Russia. [Garand, D.; Hirsch, A.; Konzer, J.; Li, X.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Srivastava, B.; Wang, F.; Xie, W.; Yi, L.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I-K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Solanki, D.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Butterworth, J.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Roberts, J. B.; Xin, K.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Chen, H. F.; Cui, X.; Guo, Y.; Li, C.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Yang, C.; Zha, W.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Xu, Q. H.; Zhang, J. L.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Chen, J. H.; Han, L-X.; Li, W.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shen, W. Q.; Shou, Q. Y.; Zhang, S.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, Y. H.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Borowski, W.; Kabana, S.] SUBATECH, F-44307 Nantes, France. [Gunarathne, D. S.; Kraishan, A. F.; Li, X.; Olvitt, D. L., Jr.; Surrow, B.; Vandenbroucke, M.] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Cervantes, M. C.; Chang, Z.; Cherney, M.; Djawotho, P.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mondal, M. M.; Sahoo, N. R.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bhattarai, P.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Leyva, A. Davila; Hoffmann, G. W.; Markert, C.; Oldag, E. W.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; McDonald, D.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Huang, X.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z.; Yan, W.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Engle, K. S.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Drachenberg, J. L.; Gibson, A.; Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Banerjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Nayak, T. K.; Roy, A.; Tribedy, P.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Girard, M.; Kikola, D. P.; Kisiel, A.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Pawlak, T.; Pluta, J.; Poniatowska, K.; Sandacz, A.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, PL-00661 Warsaw, Poland. [Abdelwahab, N. M.; Cramer, J. G.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Llope, W. J.; Putschke, J.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. WLCAPP, Cairo 11571, Egypt. [Caines, H.; Chikanian, A.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Ohlson, A.; Riley, C. K.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Yi, L (reprint author), Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM l.yi@yale.edu RI Rusnak, Jan/G-8462-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Kycia, Radoslaw/J-4397-2015; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Xin, Kefeng/O-9195-2016; Yi, Li/Q-1705-2016; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Gunarathne, Devika/C-4903-2017; OI Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Kycia, Radoslaw/0000-0002-6390-4627; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Xin, Kefeng/0000-0003-4853-9219; Yi, Li/0000-0002-7512-2657; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Gunarathne, Devika/0000-0002-7155-7418; Ke, Hongwei/0000-0003-1463-7291 FU NERSC Center at LBNL; KISTI Center in Korea; Open Science Grid consortium; Office of NP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; Office of HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; CNRS/IN2P3; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC of China; CAS of China; MoST of China; MoE of China; Korean Research Foundation; GA; FIAS of Germany; DAE of India; DST of India; CSIR of India; National Science Centre of Poland; National Research Foundation [NRF-2012004024]; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia; MSMT of the Czech Republic; RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, the KISTI Center in Korea, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, CNRS/IN2P3, FAPESP CNPq of Brazil, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST and MoE of China, the Korean Research Foundation, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FIAS of Germany, DAE, DST, and CSIR of India, the National Science Centre of Poland, National Research Foundation (NRF-2012004024), the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAY 18 PY 2015 VL 745 BP 40 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2015.04.033 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA CH2YS UT WOS:000353892300005 ER PT J AU Muller, M Arbic, BK Richman, JG Shriver, JF Kunze, EL Scott, RB Wallcraft, AJ Zamudio, L AF Mueller, Malte Arbic, Brian K. Richman, James G. Shriver, Jay F. Kunze, Eric L. Scott, Robert B. Wallcraft, Alan J. Zamudio, Luis TI Toward an internal gravity wave spectrum in global ocean models SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE internal waves; internal tides; Garrett Munk spectrum; nonlinear interactions; global ocean models ID NEAR-INERTIAL MOTIONS; KINETIC-ENERGY; GENERAL-CIRCULATION; NORTH PACIFIC; TIDE; VARIABILITY; WIND; DOMAIN AB High-resolution global ocean models forced by atmospheric fields and tides are beginning to display realistic internal gravity wave spectra, especially as model resolution increases. This paper examines internal waves in global simulations with 0.08 degrees and 0.04 degrees (8 and 4km) horizontal resolutions, respectively. Frequency spectra of internal wave horizontal kinetic energy in the North Pacific lie closer to observations in the 0.04 degrees simulation than in the 0.08 degrees simulation. The horizontal wave number and frequency (K-) kinetic energy spectra contain peaks in the semidiurnal tidal band and near-inertial band, along with a broadband frequency continuum aligned along the linear dispersion relations of low-vertical-mode internal waves. Spectral kinetic energy transfers describe the rate at which nonlinear mechanisms remove or supply kinetic energy in specific K- ranges. Energy is transferred out of low-mode inertial and semidiurnal internal waves into a broad continuum of higher-frequency and higher-wave number internal waves. C1 [Mueller, Malte] Univ Victoria, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Mueller, Malte] Norwegian Meteorol Inst, Dept Res & Dev, Oslo, Norway. [Arbic, Brian K.] Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Richman, James G.; Shriver, Jay F.; Wallcraft, Alan J.] Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Hancock Cty, MS USA. [Kunze, Eric L.] Northwest Res Associates, Redmond, WA USA. [Scott, Robert B.] Univ Bretagne Occidentale, Dept Phys, Brest, France. [Zamudio, Luis] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmosphere Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Muller, M (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Victoria, BC, Canada. EM maltem@met.no OI Arbic, Brian K/0000-0002-7969-2294 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-11-0487]; ONR; National Science Foundation (NSF) [OCE-0960820]; University of Michigan; project "HYCOM global ocean forecast skill assessment" - ONR; project "Freshwater balance in the coupled ocean-atmosphere system" - ONR; NSF [OCE-0968131AM02]; CNRS chaire d'excellence; Marie Curie Career Integration Grant FX M.M. was supported by a subcontract from Office of Naval Research (ONR) grant N00014-11-0487 to the University of Victoria. We thank Jody Klymak for his generous assistance in setting up this subcontract. B.K.A. was supported by the ONR grant above, National Science Foundation (NSF) grant OCE-0960820, and University of Michigan faculty startup funds. J.G.R., J.F.S., A.J.W., and L.Z. were supported by the projects "HYCOM global ocean forecast skill assessment" and "Freshwater balance in the coupled ocean-atmosphere system," respectively, both sponsored by ONR. E.K.'s contribution was supported by NSF Climate-Processes Team grant OCE-0968131AM02. R.B.S. was funded by a CNRS chaire d'excellence and by a Marie Curie Career Integration Grant. HYCOM simulations were performed on the Navy Department of Defense (DoD) Supercomputing Resource Center IBM iDataPlex computers at Stennis Space Center, Mississippi, using grants of computer time from the DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program. Output files for the two model runs analyzed in this paper are archived at the Department of the Navy Shared Resource Center at the Stennis Space Center. The files stored there can be accessed after obtaining an account at the facility. This is NRL contribution NRL/JA/7320-14-2423 and has been approved for public release. The authors thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAY 16 PY 2015 VL 42 IS 9 BP 3474 EP 3481 DI 10.1002/2015GL063365 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CK0EM UT WOS:000355878300051 ER PT J AU Saide, PE Peterson, DA da Silva, A Anderson, B Ziemba, LD Diskin, G Sachse, G Hair, J Butler, C Fenn, M Jimenez, JL Campuzano-Jost, P Perring, AE Schwarz, JP Markovic, MZ Russell, P Redemann, J Shinozuka, Y Streets, DG Yan, F Dibb, J Yokelson, R Toon, OB Hyer, E Carmichael, GR AF Saide, Pablo E. Peterson, David A. da Silva, Arlindo Anderson, Bruce Ziemba, Luke D. Diskin, Glenn Sachse, Glen Hair, Johnathan Butler, Carolyn Fenn, Marta Jimenez, Jose L. Campuzano-Jost, Pedro Perring, Anne E. Schwarz, Joshua P. Markovic, Milos Z. Russell, Phil Redemann, Jens Shinozuka, Yohei Streets, David G. Yan, Fang Dibb, Jack Yokelson, Robert Toon, O. Brian Hyer, Edward Carmichael, Gregory R. TI Revealing important nocturnal and day-to-day variations in fire smoke emissions through a multiplatform inversion SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE inversion; fire emissions; biomass burning; SEAC4RS; WRF-Chem; AERONET ID BIOMASS BURNING EMISSIONS; AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH; HIGH-RESOLUTION; ORGANIC AEROSOL; UNITED-STATES; MODEL; FOREST; CARBON; WILDFIRES; INDONESIA AB We couple airborne, ground-based, and satellite observations; conduct regional simulations; and develop and apply an inversion technique to constrain hourly smoke emissions from the Rim Fire, the third largest observed in California, USA. Emissions constrained with multiplatform data show notable nocturnal enhancements (sometimes over a factor of 20), correlate better with daily burned area data, and are a factor of 2-4 higher than a priori estimates, highlighting the need for improved characterization of diurnal profiles and day-to-day variability when modeling extreme fires. Constraining only with satellite data results in smaller enhancements mainly due to missing retrievals near the emissions source, suggesting that top-down emission estimates for these events could be underestimated and a multiplatform approach is required to resolve them. Predictions driven by emissions constrained with multiplatform data present significant variations in downwind air quality and in aerosol feedback on meteorology, emphasizing the need for improved emissions estimates during exceptional events. C1 [Saide, Pablo E.; Carmichael, Gregory R.] Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Peterson, David A.] CNR, Monterey, CA USA. [da Silva, Arlindo] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Anderson, Bruce; Ziemba, Luke D.; Diskin, Glenn; Hair, Johnathan; Butler, Carolyn; Fenn, Marta] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Sachse, Glen] Natl Inst Aerosp, Hampton, VA USA. [Jimenez, Jose L.; Campuzano-Jost, Pedro] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Jimenez, Jose L.; Campuzano-Jost, Pedro] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Perring, Anne E.; Schwarz, Joshua P.; Markovic, Milos Z.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Russell, Phil; Redemann, Jens] NASA Ames, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Shinozuka, Yohei] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Cooperat Res Earth Sci & Technol, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Shinozuka, Yohei] Bay Area Environm Res Inst, Petaluma, CA USA. [Streets, David G.; Yan, Fang] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Dibb, Jack] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Yokelson, Robert] Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Toon, O. Brian] Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Hyer, Edward] Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. RP Saide, PE (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM pablo-saide@uiowa.edu RI Yokelson, Robert/C-9971-2011; Hyer, Edward/E-7734-2011; Perring, Anne/G-4597-2013; Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; peterson, david/L-2350-2016; schwarz, joshua/G-4556-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015 OI Yokelson, Robert/0000-0002-8415-6808; Hyer, Edward/0000-0001-8636-2026; Perring, Anne/0000-0003-2231-7503; Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847; schwarz, joshua/0000-0002-9123-2223; FU NSF [1049140 NCE]; NASA [NNX11AI52G, NNH12AT27i, NNX12AC03G, NNX12AC20G, NNX12AC64G]; EPA [83503701]; National Center for Research Resources, a part of the National Institutes of Health [UL1RR024979] FX We thank all SEAC4RS participants that made the field experiment possible, especially Project Manager Hal Maring. We also thank Brent Holben, Patrick Arnott, Min Hao, Craig Coburn, Adriana Predoi-Cross, and their staff for establishing and maintaining the AERONET sites used in this investigation. This work was carried out with the aid of NSF grant 1049140 NCE; NASA grants NNX11AI52G, NNH12AT27i, NNX12AC03G, NNX12AC20G, and NNX12AC64G; EPA grant 83503701; and grant number UL1RR024979 from the National Center for Research Resources, a part of the National Institutes of Health. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the funding institutions. Contact P. E. Saide (pablo-saide@uiowa.edu) or G. R. Carmichael (gregory-carmichael@uiowa.edu) for data requests. NR 50 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 8 U2 44 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAY 16 PY 2015 VL 42 IS 9 BP 3609 EP 3618 DI 10.1002/2015GL063737 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CK0EM UT WOS:000355878300069 ER PT J AU Bisset, RN Wilson, RM Ticknor, C AF Bisset, R. N. Wilson, R. M. Ticknor, C. TI Scaling of fluctuations in a trapped binary condensate SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION; QUANTUM PHASE-TRANSITION; MOTT INSULATOR; OPTICAL LATTICE; ATOMIC GAS; SUPERFLUID; MIXTURES; SEGREGATION; EXCITATIONS; SEPARATION AB We demonstrate that measurements of number fluctuations within finite cells provide a direct means to study susceptibility scaling in a trapped two-component Bose-Einstein condensate. This system supports a second-order phase transition between miscible (cospatial) and immiscible (symmetry-broken) states that is driven by a diverging susceptibility to magnetic fluctuations. As the transition is approached from the miscible side the magnetic susceptibility is found to depend strongly on the geometry and orientation of the observation cell. However, a scaling exponent consistent with that for the homogenous gas (gamma = 1) can be recovered, for all cells considered, as long as the fit excludes the region in the immediate vicinity of the critical point. As the transition is approached from the immiscible side, the magnetic fluctuations exhibit a nontrivial scaling exponent gamma similar or equal to 1.30. Interestingly, on both sides of the transition, we find it best to extract the exponents using an observation cell that encompasses half of the trapped system. This implies that relatively low-resolution in situ imaging will be sufficient for the investigation of these exponents. We also investigate the gap energy and find exponents nu z = 0.505 on the miscible side and, unexpectedly, nu z = 0.60(3) for the immiscible phase. C1 [Bisset, R. N.; Ticknor, C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Bisset, R. N.; Ticknor, C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wilson, R. M.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Wilson, R. M.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Wilson, R. M.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Bisset, RN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Ticknor, Christopher/B-8651-2014; Bisset, Russell/H-1750-2012; OI Ticknor, Christopher/0000-0001-9972-4524 FU CNLS; LDRD; LANLNNSA of the U.S. DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; NRC postdoctoral fellowship FX We thank B. V. Svistunov and P. B. Blakie for useful discussions. R.N.B. and C.T. acknowledge support from CNLS, LDRD, and LANL, which is operated by LANS, LLC for the NNSA of the U.S. DOE (Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396). R.M.W. acknowledges support from an NRC postdoctoral fellowship. NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAY 15 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 5 AR 053613 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.91.053613 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA CI7SN UT WOS:000354965000008 ER PT J AU Lubrano, AL Field, CR Newsome, GA Rogers, DA Giordano, BC Johnson, KJ AF Lubrano, Adam L. Field, Christopher R. Newsome, G. Asher Rogers, Duane A. Giordano, Braden C. Johnson, Kevin J. TI Minimizing thermal degradation in gas chromatographic quantitation of pentaerythritol tetranitrate SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE Pentaerythriol tetranitrate (PETN); Gas chromatography; Thermal desorption; Electron capture detection; High-resolution mass spectrometry ID DEPOSITION CALIBRATION METHOD; DESORPTION INSTRUMENTATION; VAPOR; EXPLOSIVES; PRESSURE; SPECTROMETRY; PERFORMANCE; IONIZATION; TNT; RDX AB An analytical method for establishing calibration curves for the quantitation of pentaerythriol tetranitrate (PETN) from sorbent-filled thermal desorption tubes by gas chromatography with electron capture detection (TDS-GC-ECD) was developed. As PETN has been demonstrated to thermally degrade under typical GC instrument conditions, peaks corresponding to both PETN degradants and molecular PETN are observed. The retention time corresponding to intact PETN was verified by high-resolution mass spectrometry with a flowing atmospheric pressure afterglow (FAPA) ionization source, which enabled soft ionization of intact PETN eluting the GC and subsequent accurate-mass identification. The GC separation parameters were transferred to a conventional GC-ECD instrument where analytical method-induced PETN degradation was further characterized and minimized. A method calibration curve was established by direct liquid deposition of PETN standard solutions onto the glass frit at the head of sorbent-filled thermal desorption tubes. Two local, linear relationships between detector response and PETN concentration were observed, with a total dynamic range of 0.25-25 ng. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lubrano, Adam L.; Newsome, G. Asher] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Field, Christopher R.; Giordano, Braden C.; Johnson, Kevin J.] Naval Tech Ctr Safety & Survivabil, US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rogers, Duane A.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Johnson, KJ (reprint author), Naval Tech Ctr Safety & Survivabil, US Naval Res Lab, Code 6180,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kevin.johnson@nrl.navy.mil RI Newsome, G. Asher/J-8970-2012 OI Newsome, G. Asher/0000-0003-1683-2197 FU Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate FX The authors would like to acknowledge Jacob Shelley and the Gary Hieftje Research Group at the Indiana University Department of Chemistry for providing the FAPA ionization source, and Mark Hammond at the US Naval Research Laboratory for software design. This work was funded by the Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 EI 1873-3778 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD MAY 15 PY 2015 VL 1394 BP 154 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.03.006 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA CG9CR UT WOS:000353612500019 PM 25841610 ER PT J AU Calame, JP AF Calame, Jeffrey P. TI Molecular Dynamic Study of Dielectric Polarization and Ferroelectricity in a Model Polar Polymer SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE alkanes; dielectric relaxation; electrostatic interactions; ferroelectric polymer; lamella; molecular dynamics; semicrystalline polymer; slow dynamics; torsional dynamics ID MELT-CRYSTALLIZED POLYETHYLENE; BISPHENOL-A-POLYCARBONATE; POLY(VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE); VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE; INTERLAMELLAR STRUCTURE; ELECTROACTIVE POLYMERS; LIQUID ALKANES; ISING-MODEL; N-ALKANES; SIMULATIONS AB Molecular dynamics simulations are used to explore the polarization response of a lamellar crystal consisting of folded chains of a highly simplified model polar polymer. The system is based on a united atom model of polyethylene with constrained bond lengths and bond angles, and it is endowed with artificial partial charges placed on the united atoms to give it a simple polar character. Simulations performed with various temperatures, electric field directions, and electric field application histories reveal a complicated sequence of reorientation processes, including pronounced ferroelectric behavior. The sequence includes a weak, temperature-independent prompt response, and a slow-rising delay regime with stretched exponential behavior and thermally-activated reorientation parameters consistent with trans-gauche (TG) barrier crossings in the amorphous phase. When the delay regime has progressed sufficiently, a primary large-amplitude response due to organized rotation of large subsegments in the crystalline phase occurs in a rapid manner that requires relatively few TG barrier crossings. A final, extremely slow rise in residual polarization completes the sequence. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2015, 53, 740-759 C1 Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Calame, JP (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jeffrey.calame@nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-6266 EI 1099-0488 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 2015 VL 53 IS 10 BP 740 EP 759 DI 10.1002/polb.23696 PG 20 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA CF4XN UT WOS:000352557400007 ER PT J AU Daniele, MA Boyd, DA Mott, DR Ligler, FS AF Daniele, Michael A. Boyd, Darryl A. Mott, David R. Ligler, Frances S. TI 3D hydrodynamic focusing microfluidics for emerging sensing technologies SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Microfluidics; Sensors; Hydrodynamic focusing; Flow cytometry; Microfluidic fabrication ID CIRCULATING TUMOR-CELLS; MICRO-COULTER COUNTER; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; T-SENSOR; MICROFIBERS; SEPARATION; BIOSENSOR; BACTERIA; CHANNEL; FLUID AB While the physics behind laminar flows has been studied for 200 years, understanding of how to use parallel flows to augment the capabilities of microfluidic systems has been a subject of study primarily over the last decade. The use of one flow to focus another within a microfluidic channel has graduated from a two-dimensional to a three-dimensional process and the design principles are only now becoming established. This review explores the underlying principles for hydrodynamic focusing in three dimensions (3D) using miscible fluids and the application of these principles for creation of biosensors, separation of cells and particles for sample manipulation, and fabrication of materials that could be used for biosensors. Where sufficient information is available, the practicality of devices implementing fluid flows directed in 3D is evaluated and the advantages and limitations of 3D hydrodynamic focusing for the particular application are highlighted. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Daniele, Michael A.; Boyd, Darryl A.] US Navy, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mott, David R.] US Navy, Res Lab, Labs Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ligler, Frances S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biomed Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Ligler, Frances S.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Daniele, MA (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.daniele.ctr@nrl.navy.mil OI Mott, David/0000-0002-7863-456X FU Lampe Endowed Chair at NC State University; Office of Naval Research (ONR) 6.1 work unit [MA041-06-41-9899] FX This work was funded by the Lampe Endowed Chair at NC State University and the Office of Naval Research (ONR) 6.1 work unit MA041-06-41-9899. M.A. Daniele and D.A. Boyd contributed to this work as National Research Council (NRC) Postdoctoral Associates. The authors thank Peter Howell, now at the National Institutes of Standards and Technology, for his seminal contributions to the concepts reviewed in this paper. The views are those of the authors and do not represent the opinion or policy of the U.S. Navy or Depal iment of Defense. NR 94 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 21 U2 154 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-5663 EI 1873-4235 J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON JI Biosens. Bioelectron. PD MAY 15 PY 2015 VL 67 SI SI BP 25 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.bios.2014.07.002 PG 10 WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CC1BT UT WOS:000350076900005 PM 25041926 ER PT J AU Lu, JW Poon, SJ Wolf, SA Weaver, BD McMarr, PJ Hughes, H Chen, E AF Lu, Jiwei Poon, S. Joseph Wolf, Stuart A. Weaver, Bradley D. McMarr, Patrick J. Hughes, Harold Chen, Eugene TI Radiation effects on the magnetism and the spin dependent transport in magnetic materials and nanostructures for spintronic applications SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION IRRADIATION; TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; EXCHANGE BIAS; INVAR-ALLOYS; FILMS; ANISOTROPY; FE; NI AB Spintronics utilizes spin or magnetism to provide new ways to store and process information and is primarily associated with the utilization of spin polarized currents in memory and logic devices. With the end of silicon transistor technology in sight, spintronics can provide new paradigms for information processing and storage. Compared to charge based electronics, the advantages of magnetism/spin based devices are nonvolatility and ultra low power. In particular, magnetoresistive random access memories (MRAMs) are known to be Rad Hard [HXNV0100 64K x 16 Non-Volatile Magnetic RAM (www.honeywell.com/aerospace), S. Gerardin and A. Paccagnella, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.57(6), 3016-3039 (2010), R.R. Katti, J. Lintz, L. Sundstrom, T. Marques, S. Scoppettuolo, and D. Martin, Proceedings of IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop, 103-105 (2009)] and are considered to be critical components for space and military systems due to their very low power consumption and nonvolatility. However, advances in the magnetic nanostructures and new materials for the scalability of MRAM and other potential applications require a re-evaluation of their radiation hardness. This review focuses mainly on recent progress in understanding the effects of irradiation on the magnetic materials and magnetic structures that are related to MRAM technology. Up to date, the most pronounced effects on the microstructures and the properties are linked to the displacement damage associated with heavy ion irradiation; however, the thermal effect is also important as it acts as an annealing process to recover the damage partially. Critical metrics for the magnetic tunnel junctions for postmortem characterizations will also be discussed. Finally, with the introduction of new perpendicular magnetic layers and the very thin MgO barrier layer in the next generation MRAM, the effects of the ionization damage shall be studied in the future. C1 [Lu, Jiwei; Wolf, Stuart A.] Univ Virginia, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Poon, S. Joseph; Wolf, Stuart A.] Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Weaver, Bradley D.; McMarr, Patrick J.; Hughes, Harold] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Chen, Eugene] Samsung Semicond Inc, San Jose, CA 95134 USA. RP Lu, JW (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM jl5tk@virginia.edu FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-11-1-0024]; National Science Foundation [ECCS-1344218] FX J.W. L, S.J. P, B.D. W and E.C. are grateful to the support from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (Grant No. HDTRA1-11-1-0024). J.W. L and S.A. W. are supported in part by the National Science Foundation (Award number: ECCS-1344218). NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 15 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 EI 2044-5326 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD MAY 14 PY 2015 VL 30 IS 9 BP 1430 EP 1439 DI 10.1557/jmr.2014.413 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA CJ1ZK UT WOS:000355283500022 ER PT J AU Whitener, KE Stine, R Robinson, JT Sheehan, PE AF Whitener, Keith E., Jr. Stine, Rory Robinson, Jeremy T. Sheehan, Paul E. TI Graphene as Electrophile: Reactions of Graphene Fluoride SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; ACTIVATED CARBON; SIDEWALL FUNCTIONALIZATION; OXIDE; ADSORPTION; THIOL; REACTIVITY; CONVERSION; GRAPHITE AB Fluorinated graphene obtained by exposing single-layer CVD-grown graphene to xenon difluoride was reacted with a series of amine-, alcohol-, and sulfur-bearing nucleophiles, and the progress and nature of the reactions were monitored using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, and conductivity measurements. The results of these experiments indicate that amine and alcohol nucleophiles can displace the fluorine groups to form covalent bonds to the graphene. For nucleophiles with more than one possible reactive site, close examination of XPS features reveals the orientation of these groups on the graphene. Sulfur nucleophiles act preferentially as reducing agents, removing fluorine rather than replacing it. Finally, a proof-of-principle nucleophilic substitution is performed on bulk graphite fluoride, showing that the chemical functionality of graphite can be extended through nucleophilic substitution in an analogous manner to that of single-layer graphene. C1 [Whitener, Keith E., Jr.; Sheehan, Paul E.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stine, Rory] Nova Res, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Robinson, Jeremy T.] US Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Whitener, KE (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM keith.whitener@nrl.navy.mil RI Stine, Rory/C-6709-2013; Sheehan, Paul/B-4793-2010 OI Sheehan, Paul/0000-0003-2668-4124 FU Naval Research Laboratory Nanoscale Science Institute; Office of Naval Research FX This work has been supported by the Naval Research Laboratory Nanoscale Science Institute and by the Office of Naval Research. This research was performed while K.E.W. held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 9 U2 58 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD MAY 14 PY 2015 VL 119 IS 19 BP 10507 EP 10512 DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b02730 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA CI6ZH UT WOS:000354912200039 ER PT J AU Cheng, GL Tomczyk, M Lu, SC Veazey, JP Huang, MC Irvin, P Ryu, S Lee, H Eom, CB Hellberg, CS Levy, J AF Cheng, Guanglei Tomczyk, Michelle Lu, Shicheng Veazey, Joshua P. Huang, Mengchen Irvin, Patrick Ryu, Sangwoo Lee, Hyungwoo Eom, Chang-Beom Hellberg, C. Stephen Levy, Jeremy TI Electron pairing without superconductivity SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID NB-DOPED SRTIO3; T-J MODEL; GROUND-STATE; QUANTUM-DOT; GAS; TEMPERATURE; FIELD; SEMICONDUCTORS; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSITION AB Strontium titanate (SrTiO3) is the first and best known superconducting semiconductor(1). It exhibits an extremely low carrier density threshold for superconductivity(2), and possesses a phase diagram similar to that of high-temperature superconductors(3,4)-two factors that suggest an unconventional pairing mechanism. Despite sustained interest for 50 years, direct experimental insight into the nature of electron pairing in SrTiO3 has remained elusive. Here we perform transport experiments with nanowire-based single-electron transistors at the interface between SrTiO3 and a thin layer of lanthanum aluminate, LaAlO3. Electrostatic gating reveals a series of two-electron conductance resonances-paired electron states-that bifurcate above a critical pairing field B-p of about 1-4 tesla, an order of magnitude larger than the superconducting critical magnetic field. For magnetic fields below B-p, these resonances are insensitive to the applied magnetic field; for fields in excess of B-p, the resonances exhibit a linear Zeeman-like energy splitting. Electron pairing is stable at temperatures as high as 900 millikelvin, well above the superconducting transition temperature (about 300 millikelvin). These experiments demonstrate the existence of a robust electronic phase in which electrons pair without forming a superconducting state. Key experimental signatures are captured by a model involving an attractive Hubbard interaction that describes real-space electron pairing as a precursor to superconductivity. C1 [Cheng, Guanglei; Tomczyk, Michelle; Lu, Shicheng; Veazey, Joshua P.; Huang, Mengchen; Irvin, Patrick; Levy, Jeremy] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Cheng, Guanglei; Tomczyk, Michelle; Lu, Shicheng; Huang, Mengchen; Irvin, Patrick; Levy, Jeremy] Pittsburgh Quantum Inst, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Ryu, Sangwoo; Lee, Hyungwoo; Eom, Chang-Beom] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hellberg, C. Stephen] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Levy, J (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM jlevy@pitt.edu RI Eom, Chang-Beom/I-5567-2014; Irvin, Patrick/E-2159-2012; OI Irvin, Patrick/0000-0002-0248-2758; Tomczyk, Michelle/0000-0003-4770-2117 FU ARO MURI [W911NF-08-1-0317]; AFOSR MURI [FA9550-10-1-0524, FA9550-12-1-0342]; National Science Foundation [DMR-1104191, DMR-1124131, DMR-1234096]; Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program FX We thank A. Akhmerov, A. Annadi, S. Frolov, R. Lutchyn, C. Nayak and D. Pekker for discussions. This work was supported by ARO MURI W911NF-08-1-0317 (J.L.), AFOSR MURI FA9550-10-1-0524 (C.-B.E., J.L.) and FA9550-12-1-0342 (C.-B.E.), grants from the National Science Foundation DMR-1104191 (J.L.), DMR-1124131 (C.-B.E., J.L.) and DMR-1234096 (C.-B.E.), and the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program (C.S.H.). NR 56 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 20 U2 112 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAY 14 PY 2015 VL 521 IS 7551 BP 196 EP + DI 10.1038/nature14398 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CH9SY UT WOS:000354377800053 PM 25971511 ER PT J AU Papeer, J Botton, M Gordon, D Sprangle, P Fibich, G Sheinfux, HH Zigler, A Henis, Z AF Papeer, J. Botton, M. Gordon, D. Sprangle, P. Fibich, G. Sheinfux, H. Herzig Zigler, A. Henis, Z. TI Multi variable control of filamentation of femtosecond laser pulses propagating in air SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Filamentation (COFIL) CY SEP, 2014 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA DE filamentation; high power laser; laser propagation in atmosphere ID TRANSPARENT MEDIA; PLASMA FILAMENTS; DISCHARGES; DISTANCE; LIGHT AB A comprehensive approach for control of filamentation and generation of a high density conductive channel during femtosecond intense laser pulse propagation in air is being reviewed. Imposing astigmatism on the beam with a tilted lens allows obtaining a single stable filament out of a high power pulse (orders of magnitude higher than the critical power), which would otherwise generate random multiple filamentation pattern. The collapse distance of filaments is controlled with a double lens setup. Once the filament is stabilized, a substantially extended lifetime of the high density plasma channel generated in its wake is experimentally demonstrated using combination of femtosecond and nanosecond laser pulses. Free electron density above 10(15) cm(-3) in the formed plasma filament is measured to sustain for over 30 ns. This high density plasma lifetime prolongation of more than one order of magnitude is achieved by properly timed irradiation of the filament with a relatively low intensity nanosecond laser pulse, in comparison to a filament without such irradiation. The experimental results are in good agreement with our theoretical model that follows the evolution of the temperature and density of various molecules, atoms and ion species. The results point to the possibility of generating substantially long time duration, stable high density plasma filaments in air. C1 [Papeer, J.; Botton, M.; Zigler, A.; Henis, Z.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Gordon, D.; Sprangle, P.] Naval Res Lab, Plasma Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fibich, G.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Math Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Sheinfux, H. Herzig] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Sheinfux, H. Herzig] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Inst Solid State, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RP Papeer, J (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. EM evgeny.papeer@mail.huji.ac.il NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 20 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 EI 1361-6455 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD MAY 14 PY 2015 VL 48 IS 9 SI SI AR 094005 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/48/9/094005 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA CF7MW UT WOS:000352741600006 ER PT J AU Isaacs, RA Zhu, H Preston, C Mansour, A LeMieux, M Zavalij, PY Jaim, HMI Rabin, O Hu, L Salamanca-Riba, LG AF Isaacs, R. A. Zhu, H. Preston, Colin Mansour, A. LeMieux, M. Zavalij, P. Y. Jaim, H. M. Iftekhar Rabin, O. Hu, L. Salamanca-Riba, L. G. TI Nanocarbon-copper thin film as transparent electrode SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NANOWIRE NETWORKS; METAL; NANOFIBERS; DEPOSITION; SURFACE AB Researchers seeking to enhance the properties of metals have long pursued incorporating carbon in the metallic host lattice in order to combine the strongly bonded electrons in the metal lattice that yield high ampacity and the free electrons available in carbon nanostructures that give rise to high conductivity. The incorporation of carbon nanostructures into the copper lattice has the potential to improve the current density of copper to meet the ever-increasing demands of nanoelectronic devices. We report on the structure and properties of carbon incorporated in concentrations up to 5 wt. % (similar to 22 at. %) into the crystal structure of copper. Carbon nanoparticles of 5 nm-200 nm in diameter in an interconnecting carbon matrix are formed within the bulk Cu samples. The carbon does not phase separate after subsequent melting and re-solidification despite the absence of a predicted solid solution at such concentrations in the C-Cu binary phase diagram. This material, so-called, Cu covetic, makes deposition of Cu films containing carbon with similar microstructure to the metal possible. Copper covetic films exhibit greater transparency, higher conductivity, and resistance to oxidation than pure copper films of the same thickness, making them a suitable choice for transparent conductors. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Isaacs, R. A.; Zhu, H.; Preston, Colin; LeMieux, M.; Jaim, H. M. Iftekhar; Rabin, O.; Hu, L.; Salamanca-Riba, L. G.] Univ Maryland, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mansour, A.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Zavalij, P. Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Rabin, O.] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Hu, L (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM binghu@umd.edu; riba@umd.edu RI Zavalij, Peter/H-3817-2012; Rabin, Oded/E-5791-2011; Isaacs, Romaine/A-3453-2016; Hu, Liangbing/N-6660-2013 OI Zavalij, Peter/0000-0001-5762-3469; Isaacs, Romaine/0000-0003-2401-7475; FU DARPA/ARL [W911NF13100]; ONR [N000141410042]; University of Maryland Faculty Incentives Program; University of Maryland Nanocenter; NISP lab FX The copper covetic 5% bulk samples were provided by Third Millennium Materials, LLC in Waverly, Ohio. We acknowledge support from DARPA/ARL under Contract No. W911NF13100 and ONR Contract No. N000141410042 and the University of Maryland Faculty Incentives Program, the University of Maryland Nanocenter and the NISP lab. We thank the Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology at NIST for the use of the FIB/SEM. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 9 U2 63 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 11 PY 2015 VL 106 IS 19 AR 193108 DI 10.1063/1.4921263 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CI8GI UT WOS:000355008100037 ER PT J AU Matis, BR Houston, BH Baldwin, JW AF Matis, Bernard R. Houston, Brian H. Baldwin, Jeffrey W. TI Influence of spatial inhomogeneity on electronic and magnetotransport in graphene SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; LARGE-AREA; FILMS; PERFORMANCE AB We present room temperature electronic and magnetotransport measurements of polycrystalline graphene, grown by chemical vapor deposition, on a SiO2 dielectric. The measured graphene devices are intentionally spatially inhomogeneous such that the length of the sample is much greater (>1000 times) than the average grain size. At magnetic field B = 0 T the electronic transport is well described by a diffusive transport model with contributions from grain boundary scattering significantly larger in the high charge carrier density limit. We find the largest percent change in the magnetoresistivity occurs at the film's Dirac point where the magnetotransport is largely dependent upon charge disorder. Away from the Dirac point we find a modified expression for the charge carrier density dependence of the magnetoresistivity with respect to the case of single-crystal graphene. C1 [Matis, Bernard R.; Houston, Brian H.; Baldwin, Jeffrey W.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Matis, BR (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 7130, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM bernard.matis@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; NRL Karles Fellow program FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the members of the technical staff of the Institute for Nanoscience at NRL, David W. Zapotok and Dean R. St. Amand. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. B.R.M. gratefully acknowledges support through the NRL Karles Fellow program. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAY 11 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 20 AR 205406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.205406 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA CH9JP UT WOS:000354352200008 ER PT J AU Zhang, B David, LP Jones, C Andrade-Santos, F O'Sullivan, E Dahle, H Nulsen, PEJ Clarke, TE Pointecouteau, E Pratt, GW Arnaud, M Vrtilek, JM Ji, L van Weeren, RJ Kraft, RP Kong, X AF Zhang, B. David, L. P. Jones, C. Andrade-Santos, F. O'Sullivan, E. Dahle, H. Nulsen, P. E. J. Clarke, T. E. Pointecouteau, E. Pratt, G. W. Arnaud, M. Vrtilek, J. M. Ji, L. van Weeren, R. J. Kraft, R. P. Kong, X. TI CHANDRA AND XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS OF THE MERGING CLUSTER OF GALAXIES PLCK G036.7+14.9 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: clusters: individual (PLCK G036.7+14.9); X-rays: galaxies: clusters ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; INTERACTION CROSS-SECTION; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; X-RAY-CLUSTERS; COOLING FLOWS; DARK-MATTER; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; TEMPERATURE PROFILES; REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE; THERMAL CONDUCTION AB We present Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of PLCK G036.7+14.9 from the Chandra-Planck Legacy Program. The high resolution X-ray observations reveal two close (similar to 72" - 193 kpc in projection) subclusters, G036N and G036S, which were not resolved by previous ROSAT, optical, or recent Planck observations. We perform detailed imaging and spectral analyses and use a simplified model to study the kinematics of this system. The basic picture is that PLCK G036.7+14.9 is undergoing a major merger (mass ratio close to unity) between the two massive subclusters, with the merger largely along the line of sight (similar to 80 degrees between the merger axis and the plane of the sky from the simplified model) and probably at an early stage (less than similar to 0.4-0.7 Gyr since the merger began). G036N hosts a small (similar to 27 kpc), moderate cool core (cooling time t(cool) similar to 2.6-4.7Gyr), while G036S has at most a very weak cool core (t(cool) similar to 5.7-10.3Gyr) in the central similar to 40 kpc region. The difference in core cooling times is unlikely to be caused by the ongoing merger disrupting a pre-existing cool core in G036S. G036N also hosts an unresolved radio source in the center, which may be heating the gas if the radio source is extended. The total mass of the whole cluster determined from XMM-Newton is similar to(5.9-8.0) x 10(14) M-circle dot, and is similar to(6.7-9.9) x 10(14) M-circle dot from Chandra. The Planck derived mass,similar to(5.1-6.0) x 10(14) M-circle dot, is higher than the X-ray measured mass of either subcluster, but is lower than the X-ray measured mass of the whole cluster, due to the fact that Planck does not resolve PLCK G036.7+14.9 into subclusters and interprets it as a single cluster. This mass discrepancy could induce significant bias to the mass function if such previously unresolved systems are common in the Planck cluster sample. High resolution X-ray observations are necessary to identify the fraction of such systems and correct such a bias for the purpose of precision cosmological studies. C1 [Zhang, B.; Kong, X.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Ctr Astrophys, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Zhang, B.; Kong, X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Res Galaxies & Cosmol, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Zhang, B.; David, L. P.; Jones, C.; Andrade-Santos, F.; O'Sullivan, E.; Nulsen, P. E. J.; Vrtilek, J. M.; van Weeren, R. J.; Kraft, R. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Dahle, H.] Univ Oslo, Inst Theoret Astrophys, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. [Clarke, T. E.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Pointecouteau, E.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Pointecouteau, E.] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Pratt, G. W.; Arnaud, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, CNRS, Lab AIM,IRFU,Serv Astrophys,CEA DSM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Ji, L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, B (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Ctr Astrophys, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. EM zhb006@mail.ustc.edu.cn; xkong@ustc.edu.cn OI O'Sullivan, Ewan/0000-0002-5671-6900; Nulsen, Paul/0000-0003-0297-4493; van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660 FU China Scholarship Council; NASA [GO2-13146X]; Chandra X-ray Center; 100 Talents program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy of CAS; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [11225315, 1320101002, 11433005, 11421303]; Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB09000000]; Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (SRFDP) [20123402110037]; Chinese National 973 Fundamental Science Programs (973 program) [2015CB857004]; ESA Member States; NASA; National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) [NAS8-03060]; SAO predoctoral fellowship program FX We thank Nabila Aghanim, Iacopo Bartalucci, James G. Bartlett, Hans Bohringer, Stefano Borgani, Shea Brown, Gayoung Chon, Eugene Churazov, Jessica Democles, Daniel Eisenstein, Chiara Ferrari, William Forman, Simona Giacintucci, Charles Lawrence, Marceau Limousin, Giulia Macario, Douspis Marian, Pasquale Mazzotta, Jean-Baptiste Melin, Stephen S. Murray, Elena Pierpaoli, Rashid A. Sunyaev, and Alexey Vikhlinin for reading an early version of the manuscript and Harald Ebeling for communications on PLCK G036.7+14.9. We thank the referee for useful comments and suggestions. The scientific results reported in this article are based on observations made by the Chandra X-ray Observatory (ObsID 15098), which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) under contract NAS8-03060, and XMM-Newton (ObsID 0692931901), an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and NASA. We also present results based on observations made with the Nordic Optical Telescope, operated by the Nordic Optical Telescope Scientific Association at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. B.Z. acknowledges the SAO predoctoral fellowship program and financial support from China Scholarship Council. L.P.D. is supported in part by NASA grant GO2-13146X. C.J. acknowledges support from the Chandra X-ray Center. L.J. is supported by the 100 Talents program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy of CAS. X.K. is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Nos. 11225315, 1320101002, 11433005, and 11421303), the Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDB09000000), the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (SRFDP, No. 20123402110037), and the Chinese National 973 Fundamental Science Programs (973 program) (2015CB857004). NR 92 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 10 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 2 AR 129 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/2/129 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI6WR UT WOS:000354905000051 ER PT J AU Justh, EW Krishnaprasad, PS AF Justh, Eric W. Krishnaprasad, P. S. TI Optimality, reduction and collective motion SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE collective behaviour; optimal control; maximum principle; symmetry reduction; explicit integrability; Poisson structure ID STEERING LAWS; BEHAVIOR; INFORMATION; SYSTEMS AB The planar self-steering particle model of agents in a collective gives rise to dynamics on the N-fold direct product of SE(2), the rigid motion group in the plane. Assuming a connected, undirected graph of interaction between agents, we pose a family of symmetric optimal control problems with a coupling parameter capturing the strength of interactions. The Hamiltonian system associated with the necessary conditions for optimality is reducible to a Lie-Poisson dynamical system possessing interesting structure. In particular, the strong coupling limit reveals additional (hidden) symmetry, beyond the manifest one used in reduction: this enables explicit integration of the dynamics, and demonstrates the presence of a 'master clock' that governs all agents to steer identically. For finite coupling strength, we show that special solutions exist with steering controls proportional across the collective. These results suggest that optimality principles may provide a framework for understanding imitative behaviours observed in certain animal aggregations. C1 [Justh, Eric W.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Krishnaprasad, P. S.] Univ Maryland, Inst Syst Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Krishnaprasad, P. S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Krishnaprasad, PS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Syst Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM krishna@umd.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR [FA9550-10-1-0250]; ARL/ARO MURI [W911NF-13-1-0390]; Office of Naval Research FX The work of P.S.K. was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR grant no. FA9550-10-1-0250, and the ARL/ARO MURI programme grant no. W911NF-13-1-0390. The work of EWJ was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-5021 EI 1471-2946 J9 P ROY SOC A-MATH PHY JI Proc. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD MAY 8 PY 2015 VL 471 IS 2177 AR 20140606 DI 10.1098/rspa.2014.0606 PG 22 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CG5RT UT WOS:000353352400001 PM 27547087 ER PT J AU Della Torre, E Jamali, A ElBidweihy, H Bennett, LH AF Della Torre, E. Jamali, A. ElBidweihy, H. Bennett, L. H. TI Vector properties of magnetostriction SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The vector properties of a newly developed Preisach-type magnetostriction model are discussed. The model uses a modified version of the Della Torre-Pinzaglia-Cardelli model to compute the irreversible and the reversible components of the magnetization. The magnetostriction can then be simulated by assuming that its magnitude is proportional to the magnetization and its direction is dependent on the magnetization history. The modeling approach is outlined for two types of isotropic media: native and polycrystalline. The preliminary results show excellent agreement with the rotational magnetization measurements for a sample of high-strength steel. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Della Torre, E.; Jamali, A.; Bennett, L. H.] George Washington Univ, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [ElBidweihy, H.] US Naval Acad, Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. RP ElBidweihy, H (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. EM elbidwei@usna.edu OI Della Torre, Edward/0000-0002-4301-1434; Bennett, Lawrence/0000-0003-4120-2322 NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 7 PY 2015 VL 117 IS 17 AR 17D141 DI 10.1063/1.4918336 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CI7YW UT WOS:000354984100364 ER PT J AU Jones, NJ Petculescu, G Wun-Fogle, M Restorff, JB Clark, AE Hathaway, KB Schlagel, D Lograsso, TA AF Jones, Nicholas J. Petculescu, Gabriela Wun-Fogle, Marilyn Restorff, J. B. Clark, Arthur E. Hathaway, Kristl B. Schlagel, Deborah Lograsso, Thomas A. TI Rhombohedral magnetostriction in dilute iron (Co) alloys SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CONSTANTS AB Iron is a well-utilized material in structural and magnetic applications. This does not mean, however, that it is well understood, especially in the field of magnetostriction. In particular, the rhombohedral magnetostriction of iron, lambda(111), is anomalous in two respects: it is negative in sign, in disagreement with the prediction of first principles theory, and its magnitude decreases with increasing temperature much too rapidly to be explained by a power law dependence on magnetization. These behaviors could arise from the location of the Fermi level, which leaves a small region of the majority 3d t(2g) states unfilled, possibly favoring small internal displacements that split these states. If this view is correct, adding small amounts of Co to Fe fills some of these states, and the value of lambda(111) should increase toward a positive value, as predicted for perfect bcc Fe. We have measured the magnetostriction coefficients (lambda(111) and lambda(100)) of pure Fe, Fe97Co3, and Fe94Co6 single crystals from 77K to 450 K. Resonant ultrasound spectroscopy has been used to check for anomalies in the associated elastic constants, c(44) and c'. The additional electrons provided by the cobalt atoms indeed produced positive contributions to both magnetostriction constants, lambda(111) and lambda(100), exhibiting an increase of 2.8 x 10(-6) per at.% Co for lambda(111) and 3.8 x 10(-6) per at.% Co for lambda(100). (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Jones, Nicholas J.; Wun-Fogle, Marilyn; Restorff, J. B.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Met & Fasteners Branch, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Petculescu, Gabriela] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Phys, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. [Clark, Arthur E.] Clark Associates, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Hathaway, Kristl B.] Spectrum Technol Grp Inc, Gaithersburg, MD 20877 USA. [Schlagel, Deborah; Lograsso, Thomas A.] Ames Lab, Div Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Lograsso, Thomas A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Jones, NJ (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Met & Fasteners Branch, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM nicholas.j.jones1@navy.mil OI Schlagel, Deborah/0000-0002-0799-7195 FU Office of Naval Research [321MS]; Carderock Division under the ONR Summer Faculty Research Program; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX We would like to thank two Naval Research Enterprise Internship Program (NREIP) interns, Kenneth Gordon and Sydney Jupitz, for their assistance in taking data. Financial support from the Office of Naval Research, Code 321MS, is gratefully acknowledged. The work by G.P. was funded in part by the Carderock Division under the ONR Summer Faculty Research Program, managed at NSWC Carderock by the Director of Research. The research carried out at The Ames Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. The Ames Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 7 PY 2015 VL 117 IS 17 AR 17A913 DI 10.1063/1.4916541 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CI7YW UT WOS:000354984100111 ER PT J AU Knipling, KE Daniil, M Willard, MA AF Knipling, K. E. Daniil, M. Willard, M. A. TI Nanocrystalline Fe88-2xCoxNixZr7B4Cu1 alloys: Soft magnets for vehicle electrification technologies SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ULTRAFINE GRAIN-STRUCTURE AB We report on the effect of substituting Co and Ni for Fe on the crystallization behavior, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of Fe88-2xCoxNixZr7B4Cu1 (x = 0-22.00). The magnetization generally decreases and the coercivity increases with increasing x, whereas the Curie temperature of the amorphous phase increases significantly (from 73 degrees C at x = 0 to 570 degrees C at x = 22.00). There is thus an optimum composition near x = 5.50 exhibiting excellent soft magnetic properties at 300-500 degrees C. The higher magnetization and Curie temperature as compared with Fe-based alloys, and smaller Co content as compared with (Fe, Co)-based alloys, make this alloy attractive as an affordable high-temperature soft magnetic material. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Knipling, K. E.] US Naval Res Lab, Magnet Mat & Nanostruct Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Daniil, M.; Willard, M. A.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Willard, MA (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM maw169@case.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-08-WX-2-0628] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract No. N00014-08-WX-2-0628. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 21 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 7 PY 2015 VL 117 IS 17 AR 172611 DI 10.1063/1.4914118 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CI7YW UT WOS:000354984100552 ER PT J AU Lograsso, TA Jones, NJ Schlagel, DL Petculescu, G Wun-Fogle, M Restorff, JB Clark, AE Hathaway, KB AF Lograsso, Thomas A. Jones, Nicholas J. Schlagel, Deborah L. Petculescu, Gabriela Wun-Fogle, Marilyn Restorff, James B. Clark, Arthur E. Hathaway, Kristl B. TI Effects of Zn additions to highly magnetoelastic FeGa alloys SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GA; MAGNETOSTRICTION AB Fe1-xMx (M = Ga, Ge, Si, Al, Mo and x similar to 0.18) alloys offer an extraordinary combination of magnetoelasticity and mechanical properties. They are rare-earth-free, can be processed using conventional deformation techniques, have high magnetic permeability, low hysteresis, and low magnetic saturation fields, making them attractive for device applications such as actuators and energy harvesters. Starting with Fe-Ga as a reference and using a rigid-band-filling argument, Zhang et al. predicted that lowering the Fermi level by reducing the total number of electrons could enhance magnetoelasticity. To provide a direct experimental validation for Zhang's hypothesis, elemental additions with lower-than-Ga valence are needed. Of the possible candidates, only Be and Zn have sufficient solubility. Single crystals of bcc Fe-Ga-Zn have been grown with up to 4.6 at.% Zn in a Bridgman furnace under elevated pressure (15 bars) in order to overcome the high vapor pressure of Zn and obtain homogeneous crystals. Single-crystal measurements of magnetostriction and elastic constants allow for the direct comparison of the magnetoelastic coupling constants of Fe-Ga-Zn with those of other magnetoelastic alloys in its class. The partial substitution of Ga with Zn yields values for the magnetoelastic coupling factor, -b(1), comparable to those of the binary Fe-Ga alloy. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Lograsso, Thomas A.; Schlagel, Deborah L.] Ames Lab, Div Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Lograsso, Thomas A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Jones, Nicholas J.; Wun-Fogle, Marilyn; Restorff, James B.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Met & Fasteners Branch, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Petculescu, Gabriela] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. [Clark, Arthur E.] Clark Associates, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Hathaway, Kristl B.] Spectrum Technol Grp Inc, Gaithersburg, MD 20877 USA. RP Lograsso, TA (reprint author), Ames Lab, Div Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM lograsso@ameslab.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; Office of Naval Research [321MS]; Carderock Division under the ONR Summer Faculty Research Program FX We would like to thank the two Naval Research Enterprise Internship Program interns, Kenneth Gordon and Sydney Jupitz, for their assistance in taking data. The research carried out at The Ames Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. The Ames Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. Financial support from the Office of Naval Research, Code 321MS is gratefully acknowledged. G.P.'s work was funded in part by the Carderock Division under the ONR Summer Faculty Research Program, managed at NSWC Carderock by the Director of Research. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 41 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 7 PY 2015 VL 117 IS 17 AR 17E701 DI 10.1063/1.4907181 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CI7YW UT WOS:000354984100525 ER PT J AU Jones, BT Gyory, J Grey, EK Bartlein, M Ko, DS Nero, RW Taylor, CM AF Jones, Benjamin T. Gyory, Joanna Grey, Erin K. Bartlein, Michael Ko, Dong S. Nero, Redwood W. Taylor, Caz M. TI Transport of blue crab larvae in the northern Gulf of Mexico during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Lagrangian particle tracking; Graph-theoretic metric; Shannon index; Vertex degree; Betweenness centrality; Potential connectivity ID MARINE POPULATION CONNECTIVITY; CALLINECTES-SAPIDUS; GENE FLOW; METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS; CHESAPEAKE BAY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DISPERSAL; MODEL; BIGHT; CONSERVATION AB To better understand population connectivity of the blue crab Callinectes sapidus and how it may have been affected by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, we simulated larval dispersal with a biophysical model of the coastal waters from western Louisiana to the Florida panhandle. We investigated connectivity patterns, intra-annual variability, and potential impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill during the spring and summer of 2010. Overall, we found that the Mississippi River delta (MRD) is a barrier to dispersal, and that local retention was high; of the 7.7% of larvae that successfully settled, 37.5% returned to their natal estuary and 28.5% to an adjacent one. We used network metrics to assess the overall diversity of population connectivity and the importance of individual estuaries to maintaining connectivity. The proportion of larvae that successfully settle does not significantly change during the spawning season, but connectivity among estuaries significantly declines. Estuaries near the MRD were most important for maintaining connectivity, likely because they were the primary source of the few larvae that crossed the MRD. These patterns influence the distribution of settlement locations for larvae that were potentially exposed to oil. A total of 38.1% of the simulated larvae were potentially exposed to oil, and these larvae were concentrated on the eastern side of the MRD. For some spawning events, up to 96.3% of the larvae that successfully settled east of the MRD were potentially exposed to oil, which may have substantial implications for population dynamics. These results provide quantitative predictions regarding blue crab connectivity in the northern Gulf of Mexico that can be corroborated with data. The predictions can be applied for disaster management planning and for management of this environmentally and economically important species. C1 [Jones, Benjamin T.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Gyory, Joanna; Taylor, Caz M.] Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Grey, Erin K.] Governors State Univ, University Pk, IL 60484 USA. [Bartlein, Michael] Cornell Univ, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Ko, Dong S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Nero, Redwood W.] NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Jones, BT (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. EM btjones@mit.edu OI Grey, Erin/0000-0001-5883-0013 FU National Science Foundation RAPID award [OCE-1042792]; BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative FX This work was funded in part by a National Science Foundation RAPID award (PI C. Taylor, OCE-1042792) and in part by a grant from BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative (PIs J. Neigel and C. Taylor). NR 81 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 30 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 EI 1616-1599 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD MAY 7 PY 2015 VL 527 BP 143 EP 156 DI 10.3354/meps11238 PG 14 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA CH9ZQ UT WOS:000354395700011 ER PT J AU Alford, MH Peacock, T MacKinnon, JA Nash, JD Buijsman, MC Centuroni, LR Chao, SY Chang, MH Farmer, DM Fringer, OB Fu, KH Gallacher, PC Graber, HC Helfrich, KR Jachec, SM Jackson, CR Klymak, JM Ko, DS Jan, S Johnston, TMS Legg, S Lee, IH Lien, RC Mercier, MJ Moum, JN Musgrave, R Park, JH Pickering, AI Pinkel, R Rainville, L Ramp, SR Rudnick, DL Sarkar, S Scotti, A Simmons, HL St Laurent, LC Venayagamoorthy, SK Wang, YH Wang, J Yang, YJ Paluszkiewicz, T Tang, TY AF Alford, Matthew H. Peacock, Thomas MacKinnon, Jennifer A. Nash, Jonathan D. Buijsman, Maarten C. Centuroni, Luca R. Chao, Shenn-Yu Chang, Ming-Huei Farmer, David M. Fringer, Oliver B. Fu, Ke-Hsien Gallacher, Patrick C. Graber, Hans C. Helfrich, Karl R. Jachec, Steven M. Jackson, Christopher R. Klymak, Jody M. Ko, Dong S. Jan, Sen Johnston, T. M. Shaun Legg, Sonya Lee, I-Huan Lien, Ren-Chieh Mercier, Matthieu J. Moum, James N. Musgrave, Ruth Park, Jae-Hun Pickering, Andrew I. Pinkel, Robert Rainville, Luc Ramp, Steven R. Rudnick, Daniel L. Sarkar, Sutanu Scotti, Alberto Simmons, Harper L. St Laurent, Louis C. Venayagamoorthy, Subhas K. Wang, Yu-Huai Wang, Joe Yang, Yiing J. Paluszkiewicz, Theresa Tang, Tswen-Yung (David) TI The formation and fate of internal waves in the South China Sea SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID LUZON STRAIT; SOLITARY WAVES; BAROCLINIC TIDES; HAWAIIAN RIDGE; LEE WAVES; OCEAN; PROPAGATION; MODEL; CIRCULATION; GENERATION AB Internal gravity waves, the subsurface analogue of the familiar surface gravity waves that break on beaches, are ubiquitous in the ocean. Because of their strong vertical and horizontal currents, and the turbulent mixing caused by their breaking, they affect a panoply of ocean processes, such as the supply of nutrients for photosynthesis(1), sediment and pollutant transport(2) and acoustic transmission(3); they also pose hazards for man-made structures in the ocean(4). Generated primarily by the wind and the tides, internal waves can travel thousands of kilometres from their sources before breaking(5), making it challenging to observe them and to include them in numerical climate models, which are sensitive to their effects(6,7). For over a decade, studies(8-11) have targeted the South China Sea, where the oceans' most powerful known internal waves are generated in the Luzon Strait and steepen dramatically as they propagate west. Confusion has persisted regarding their mechanism of generation, variability and energy budget, however, owing to the lack of in situ data from the Luzon Strait, where extreme flow conditions make measurements difficult. Here we use new observations and numerical models to (1) show that the waves begin as sinusoidal disturbances rather than arising from sharp hydraulic phenomena, (2) reveal the existence of >200-metre-high breaking internal waves in the region of generation that give rise to turbulence levels >10,000 times that in the open ocean, (3) determine that the Kuroshio western boundary current noticeably refracts the internal wave field emanating from the Luzon Strait, and (4) demonstrate a factor-of-two agreement between modelled and observed energy fluxes, which allows us to produce an observationally supported energy budget of the region. Together, these findings give a cradle-to-grave picture of internal waves on a basin scale, which will support further improvements of their representation in numerical climate predictions. C1 [Alford, Matthew H.; MacKinnon, Jennifer A.; Centuroni, Luca R.; Johnston, T. M. Shaun; Musgrave, Ruth; Pinkel, Robert; Rudnick, Daniel L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Alford, Matthew H.; Lien, Ren-Chieh; Pickering, Andrew I.; Rainville, Luc] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Peacock, Thomas; Pickering, Andrew I.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Nash, Jonathan D.; Moum, James N.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97370 USA. [Buijsman, Maarten C.] Univ So Mississippi, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Chao, Shenn-Yu] Univ Maryland, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA. [Chang, Ming-Huei; Jan, Sen; Wang, Joe; Yang, Yiing J.; Tang, Tswen-Yung (David)] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Farmer, David M.] Univ Rhode Isl, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Fringer, Oliver B.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Fu, Ke-Hsien; Lee, I-Huan; Wang, Yu-Huai] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan. [Gallacher, Patrick C.; Ko, Dong S.] NRL, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Graber, Hans C.] Univ Miami, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Helfrich, Karl R.; St Laurent, Louis C.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Falmouth, MA 02543 USA. [Jachec, Steven M.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Jackson, Christopher R.] Global Ocean Associates, Alexandria, VA 22310 USA. [Klymak, Jody M.] Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. [Legg, Sonya] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA. [Mercier, Matthieu J.] Inst Mecan Fluides Toulouse, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Park, Jae-Hun] Korea Inst Ocean Sci & Technol, Ansan 426744, South Korea. [Ramp, Steven R.] Soliton Ocean Serv, Carmel, CA 93924 USA. [Sarkar, Sutanu] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Scotti, Alberto] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Simmons, Harper L.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Venayagamoorthy, Subhas K.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Paluszkiewicz, Theresa] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Alford, MH (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. EM malford@ucsd.edu RI Mercier, Matthieu/H-4278-2012; Legg, Sonya/E-5995-2010; Klymak, Jody/A-3041-2008; Rudnick, Daniel/J-8948-2016; OI Mercier, Matthieu/0000-0001-9965-3316; Klymak, Jody/0000-0003-4612-8600; Rudnick, Daniel/0000-0002-2624-7074; Wang, Joe/0000-0002-3298-2956; Park, Jae-Hun/0000-0003-0442-695X; Yang, Yiing-Jang/0000-0002-6637-9311; CHANG, MING-HUEI/0000-0002-6409-7652; Jan, Sen/0000-0002-4128-9715 FU US Office of Naval Research; Taiwan National Science Council FX This article is dedicated to the memory of author T.-Y. Tang. Our work was supported by the US Office of Naval Research and the Taiwan National Science Council. We are indebted to the captains and crew of all of the research vessels that supported this work, as well as to the technical staff of the seagoing institutions. Without the skill and hard work of all of these people, these observations would not have been possible. NR 58 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 13 U2 107 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAY 7 PY 2015 VL 521 IS 7550 BP 65 EP U381 DI 10.1038/nature14399 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CH4YS UT WOS:000354040900033 PM 25951285 ER PT J AU Rees, JM Paul, ES Simpson, J Riley, MA Ayangeakaa, AD Carpenter, MP Chiara, CJ Garg, U Hampson, P Hartley, DJ Hoffman, CR Janssens, RVF Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Mason, PJR Matta, J Miller, SL Nolan, PJ Ollier, J Petri, M Radford, DC Revill, JP Wang, X Zhu, S Gellanki, J Ragnarsson, I AF Rees, J. M. Paul, E. S. Simpson, J. Riley, M. A. Ayangeakaa, A. D. Carpenter, M. P. Chiara, C. J. Garg, U. Hampson, P. Hartley, D. J. Hoffman, C. R. Janssens, R. V. F. Kondev, F. G. Lauritsen, T. Mason, P. J. R. Matta, J. Miller, S. L. Nolan, P. J. Ollier, J. Petri, M. Radford, D. C. Revill, J. P. Wang, X. Zhu, S. Gellanki, J. Ragnarsson, I. TI High-spin terminating states in the N=88 Ho-155 and Er-156 isotones SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID BAND TERMINATION; ROTATIONAL BANDS; NUCLEI; SIGNATURE; MOMENTS; SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITATIONS; ENERGIES; YB-158; M1 AB The Sn-124(Cl-37, 6n gamma) fusion-evaporation reaction at a bombarding energy of 180 MeV has been used to significantly extend the excitation level scheme of Ho-155(67)88. The collective rotational behavior of this nucleus breaks down above spin I similar to 30 and a fully aligned noncollective (band terminating) state has been identified at I-pi = 79/2(-). Comparison with cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations also provides evidence for core-excited noncollective states at I-pi = 87/2(-) and (89/2(+)) involving particle-hole excitations across the Z = 64 shell gap. A similar core-excited state in Er-156(68)88 at I-pi = (46(+)) is also presented. C1 [Rees, J. M.; Paul, E. S.; Hampson, P.; Nolan, P. J.; Revill, J. P.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Simpson, J.; Mason, P. J. R.; Ollier, J.] STFC Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. [Riley, M. A.; Miller, S. L.; Wang, X.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Ayangeakaa, A. D.; Garg, U.; Matta, J.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Carpenter, M. P.; Chiara, C. J.; Hoffman, C. R.; Janssens, R. V. F.; Lauritsen, T.; Zhu, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chiara, C. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hartley, D. J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Kondev, F. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Petri, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Radford, D. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Gellanki, J.; Ragnarsson, I.] Lund Univ, LTH, Div Math Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. RP Rees, JM (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. EM esp@ns.ph.liv.ac.uk RI Ayangeakaa, Akaa/F-3683-2015; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; Hoffman, Calem/H-4325-2016; Petri, Marina/H-4630-2016 OI Ayangeakaa, Akaa/0000-0003-1679-3175; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Hoffman, Calem/0000-0001-7141-9827; Petri, Marina/0000-0002-3740-6106 FU United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council [DE-FG02-94ER40834, DE-FG02-96ER40983, DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation [PHY-756474, PHY-1203100, PHY-0754674]; Swedish Research Council; State of Florida FX This material is based upon work supported by the United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council in addition to the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Awards No. DE-FG02-94ER40834 (UMD) and No. DE-FG02-96ER40983 (UTK), and under Contracts No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 (ANL) and No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 (LBL), and by the National Science Foundation under Contracts No. PHY-756474 (FSU), No. PHY-1203100 (USNA), and No. PHY-0754674 (UND). This research used resources of ANL's ATLAS facility, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility. Support was also provided by the Swedish Research Council and the State of Florida. The authors acknowledge the ATLAS operations staff for the beam support and John Greene (ATLAS) and Paul Morrall (STFC Daresbury) for preparing the targets. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAY 5 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 5 AR 054301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.91.054301 PG 17 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA CH2UP UT WOS:000353880500001 ER PT J AU Bruneau, T AF Bruneau, Thomas TI Challenges in building partner capacity: Civil-military relations in the United States and new democracies SO SMALL WARS AND INSURGENCIES LA English DT Article DE Iraq; Clausewitz; ROTC program; civil-military relations; partner capacity; private security contractors; Afghanistan ID LATIN-AMERICA AB The main emphasis in US security assistance is 'building partner capacity'. To understand prospects for building capacity implies knowledge of the security sector, including the armed forces and also national police and intelligence agencies. The scholarly sub-discipline that should be useful for analysis of a nation's use of armed forces is civil-military relations as it ostensibly directs attention to when and how civilians choose to utilize their nation's armed forces. The goal in this article is to further refine the field of civil-military relations by focusing attention on two main concepts - democratic civilian control and strategy - and discussing their relevance in the context of building partner capacity. C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Bruneau, T (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM tbruneau@nps.edu NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0959-2318 EI 1743-9558 J9 SMALL WAR INSUR JI Small War Insur. PD MAY 4 PY 2015 VL 26 IS 3 BP 429 EP 445 DI 10.1080/09592318.2014.982880 PG 17 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA CI1CN UT WOS:000354478500005 ER PT J AU Zeng, ZQ Podpirka, A Kirchoefer, SW Asel, TJ Brillson, LJ AF Zeng, Z. Q. Podpirka, A. Kirchoefer, S. W. Asel, T. J. Brillson, L. J. TI Direct correlation and strong reduction of native point defects and microwave dielectric loss in air-annealed (Ba, Sr)TiO3 SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; PHASE SHIFTERS; SRTIO3; MGO; SPECTROSCOPY; LUMINESCENCE; GROWTH AB We report on the native defect and microwave properties of 1 mu m thick Ba0.50Sr0.50TiO3 (BST) films grown on MgO (100) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Depth-resolved cathodo-luminescence spectroscopy (DRCLS) showed high densities of native point defects in as-deposited BST films, causing strong subgap emission between 2.0 eV and 3.0 eV due to mixed cation V-C and oxygen Vo vacancies. Post growth air anneals reduce these defects with 2.2, 2.65, and 3.0 eV V-o and 2.4 eV V-C intensities decreasing with increasing anneal temperature and by nearly two orders of magnitude after 950 degrees C annealing. These low-defect annealed BST films exhibited high quality microwave properties, including room temperature interdigitated capacitor tunability of 13% under an electric bias of 40V and tan delta of 0.002 at 10 GHz and 40V bias. The results provide a feasible route to grow high quality BST films by MBE through post-air annealing guided by DRCLS. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Zeng, Z. Q.; Brillson, L. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Podpirka, A.; Kirchoefer, S. W.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Asel, T. J.; Brillson, L. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Asel, T. J.; Brillson, L. J.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Mat Res, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Brillson, LJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM brillson.1@osu.edu OI Brillson, Leonard/0000-0003-3527-9761 FU NSF MRSEC [DMR-1420451]; NSF [DMR-1305193] FX This work supported by NSF MRSEC Grant No. DMR-1420451 (Charles Ying) and NSF Grant No. DMR-1305193 (Charles Ying and Haiyan Wang). A. Podpirka acknowledges support as an NRC postdoctoral fellow at the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 39 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 4 PY 2015 VL 106 IS 18 AR 182903 DI 10.1063/1.4919891 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CH8AW UT WOS:000354259200034 ER PT J AU Martin, R Vick, M Enneti, RK Atre, SV AF Martin, Renee Vick, Michael Enneti, Ravi K. Atre, Sundar V. TI Sintering Characteristics of a Powder Injection Molded Ceria-Stabilized Zirconia-Mullite Composite SO MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE Mullite; Powder injection molding; Miniature gas turbine; Ceramic; Sintering ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TOUGHENED MULLITE; MICROSTRUCTURE; ALUMINA; ENGINE; ZRO2 AB Powder injection molding (PIM) technology has the potential for economically manufacturing several complex-shaped zirconia-mullite components in mass production. The sintering behavior of a zirconia-mullite composite fabricated by injection molding was analyzed in this paper. The focus of this study is to assess the dependence on properties and microstructure on PIM processing conditions. The sintered density of the samples displayed a strong dependence on sintering temperature. The hardness of the samples followed a similar trend as sintered density. A maximum fracture toughness of 4.1 +/- 0.3MPa center dot m(1/2) and strength around 450 +/- 60MPa was observed for samples sintered at 1500 degrees C for 4h. The properties from this study are significantly higher than the values reported in majority of the prior studies where other technologies like uniaxial and cold isostatic pressing were used to fabricate zirconia-mullite composites. The above results support the suitability of PIM as a manufacturing process for complex-shaped zirconia-mullite components with good mechanical properties. C1 [Martin, Renee; Atre, Sundar V.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Vick, Michael] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Enneti, Ravi K.] Global Tungsten & Powders Corp, Towanda, PA USA. RP Atre, SV (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, 307 Dearborn Hall, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM sundar.atre@oregonstate.edu NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1042-6914 EI 1532-2475 J9 MATER MANUF PROCESS JI Mater. Manuf. Process. PD MAY 4 PY 2015 VL 30 IS 5 BP 616 EP 623 DI 10.1080/10426914.2014.941871 PG 8 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA CF9WB UT WOS:000352916800008 ER PT J AU Gustafsson, J Protas, B AF Gustafsson, Jonathan Protas, Bartosz TI Computation of steady incompressible flows in unbounded domains SO COMPUTERS & FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE Steady Navier-Stokes system; Unbounded domains; Wake flows; Spectral methods ID ADAPTIVE BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; LARGE REYNOLDS-NUMBERS; CIRCULAR-CYLINDER; VISCOUS-FLOW; NUMERICAL-SOLUTION; 2 DIMENSIONS; FOURIER METHOD; STABILITY AB In this study we revisit the problem of computing steady Navier-Stokes flows in two-dimensional unbounded domains. Precise quantitative characterization of such flows in the high-Reynolds number limit remains an open problem of theoretical fluid dynamics. Following a review of key mathematical properties of such solutions related to the slow decay of the velocity field at large distances from the obstacle, we develop and carefully validate a spectrally-accurate computational approach which ensures the correct behavior of the solution at infinity. In the proposed method the numerical solution is defined on the entire unbounded domain without the need to truncate this domain to a finite box with some artificial boundary conditions prescribed at its boundaries. Since our approach relies on the streamfunction vorticity formulation, the main complication is the presence of a discontinuity in the streamfunction field at infinity which is related to the slow decay of this field. We demonstrate how this difficulty can be overcome by reformulating the problem using a suitable background "skeleton" field expressed in terms of the corresponding Oseen flow combined with spectral filtering. The method is thoroughly validated for Reynolds numbers spanning two orders of magnitude with the results comparing favorably against known theoretical predictions and the data available in the literature. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gustafsson, Jonathan] Naval Postgrad Sch, Ctr Decis Risk Controls & Signals Intelligence, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Gustafsson, Jonathan] McMaster Univ, Sch Computat Sci & Engn, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. [Protas, Bartosz] McMaster Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. RP Protas, B (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. EM cjgustaf@nps.edu; bprotas@mcmaster.ca FU SHARCNET; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) FX The authors acknowledge the financial support from SHARCNET through a graduate scholarship and from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) in the form of a Discovery Grant. Calculations were performed using the high-performance computing facilities provided by SHARCNET. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-7930 EI 1879-0747 J9 COMPUT FLUIDS JI Comput. Fluids PD MAY 2 PY 2015 VL 112 BP 94 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.compfluid.2015.01.013 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Mechanics GA CE9PT UT WOS:000352176600009 ER PT J AU Pyke, J Schladt, D Kim, W Leppke, S Lake, J Gentry, S Segev, D Israni, A Snyder, J AF Pyke, J. Schladt, D. Kim, W. Leppke, S. Lake, J. Gentry, S. Segev, D. Israni, A. Snyder, J. TI Historical Comparison of Projected and Observed Liver Transplants SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American Transplant Congress CY MAY 02-06, 2015 CL Philadelphia, PA C1 [Pyke, J.; Schladt, D.; Leppke, S.; Israni, A.; Snyder, J.] Minneapolis Med Res Fdn Inc, SRTR, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Gentry, S.; Segev, D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Surg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Gentry, S.] US Naval Acad, Math, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lake, J.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Med & Surg, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Kim, W.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 EI 1600-6143 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 15 SU 3 SI SI MA 37 PG 1 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA DD7SK UT WOS:000370124201570 ER PT J AU Littman, AJ Jacobson, IG Boyko, EJ Smith, TC AF Littman, Alyson J. Jacobson, Isabel G. Boyko, Edward J. Smith, Tyler C. TI Changes in Meeting Physical Activity Guidelines After Discharge From the Military SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE exercise; military personnel; Veterans ID MILLENNIUM COHORT; RELIABILITY; VETERANS; VALIDITY; SERVICE; HEALTH; VACCINATION; BEHAVIORS; PERSONNEL; TRENDS AB Background: Understanding physical activity (PA) after discharge from the military can inform theory on the role of habit and reinforcement in behavior maintenance and has implications for this population's future health. Methods: Using data from 28,866 Millennium Cohort Study participants (n = 3782 of whom were discharged during the years between assessments), we 1) investigated changes in meeting federal PA guidelines for moderate-to-vigorous activity (MVPA) following military discharge and 2) determined predictors of meeting these guidelines after discharge. Results: MVPA declined more in those who were discharged than in those who were not (-17.8 percentage points vs. 2.7 percentage points), with greater declines in former active-duty personnel, those who had deployed with combat exposures, had 14 to 25 years of service, and had been discharged more recently (>2 years prior). In those who were discharged, being normal or overweight (vs. obese), and a nonsmoker or former smoker (vs. current smoker) were positively associated with meeting MVPA Guidelines at follow-up, while meeting MVPA Guidelines at baseline and depression were inversely associated. Conclusions: Reductions in MVPA were substantial and unexpected. Increased understanding of transitional periods that may benefit from interventions to mitigate declines in PA will help prevent excess weight gain and physical inactivity-associated health consequences. C1 [Littman, Alyson J.; Boyko, Edward J.] VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. [Jacobson, Isabel G.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, San Diego, CA USA. [Smith, Tyler C.] Natl Univ, Dept Community Hlth, Sch Hlth & Human Serv, San Diego, CA USA. RP Littman, AJ (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM Alyson.littman@va.gov FU Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, MD; VA Rehabilitation Research and Development Career Development Award [6982] FX We are indebted to the Millennium Cohort Study participants, without whom these analyses would not be possible, the other the Millennium Cohort Study Team members, includes Melissa Bagnell, MPH; James Davies; Raechel Del Rosario, MPH; Gia Gumbs, MPH; Nisara Granado, MPH, PhD; Jaime Horton, MPH; Andrea Ippolito; Lauren Kipp, MPH; Kelly Jones, MPH; Cynthia LeardMann, MPH; William Lee; Michelle Linfesty; Gordon Lynch; Hope McMaster, PhD; Sheila Medina-Torne, MPH; Teresa Powell, MS; Toni Rush, MPH; Emma Schaller; Amber Seelig, MPH; Beverly Sheppard; Donald Slymen, PhD; Katherine Snell; Steven Speigle; Karl Sausedo, MA; Jennifer Walstrom; John Wesner; Martin White, MPH; James Whitmer; and Charlene Wong, MPH; from the Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA. We thank Scott L. Seggerman and Greg D. Boyd from the Management Information Division, Defense Manpower Data Center, Monterey, CA. In addition, we thank Michelle LeWark from the Naval Health Research Center. We also thank all the professionals from the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, especially those from the Military Operational Medicine Research Program, Fort Detrick, MD, We appreciate the support of the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, MD. This material is the result of work partly supported with resources and the use of facilities from the Cooperative Studies Program, Department of Veterans Affairs, and the Puget Sound VA Medical Center. Dr. Littman was supported by a VA Rehabilitation Research and Development Career Development Award (#6982). This work represents report 12-XX, supported by the Department of Defense, under work unit no. 60002. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position or constitute endorsement of the Department of the Navy, Department of the Army, Department of the Air Force, Department of Defense, Department of Veterans Affairs, the US Government, or the American College of Sports Medicine. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (protocol NHRC.2000.0007). NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 EI 1543-5474 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD MAY PY 2015 VL 12 IS 5 BP 666 EP 674 DI 10.1123/jpah.2013-0260 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CO5DD UT WOS:000359178900011 PM 26237780 ER PT J AU Park, S Choi, W Han, DK Ko, H AF Park, Sangwook Choi, Woohyun Han, David K. Ko, Hanseok TI Acoustic Event Filterbank for Enabling Robust Event Recognition by Cleaning Robot SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Acoustic event recognition; robust feature extraction; and cleaning robot platform AB Due to its mobile capability when performing house-cleaning function in absence of home owners, a cleaning robot has sufficient capacity to be fully utilized as an automatic surveillance system for indoor security. While many research efforts have been made recently to provide a robot understand the auditory environment, there are still many obstacles to overcome. One of the most serious challenges encountered in providing accurate auditory scene analysis is the presence of robot ego noise. Robot ego noise is primarily generated by the embedded motors on a robot during its operation. This paper proposes a new filterbank design based on discriminative distances within event-to-noise and event-to-event, respectively. The proposed filterbank essentially is designed to provide reliable recognition under cleaning robot ego noise through the result of event spectrum analysis. The experimental results indicate that the features extracted by the proposed filterbank are more robust than the conventional ones(1). C1 [Park, Sangwook; Choi, Woohyun; Ko, Hanseok] Korea Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Seoul 136713, South Korea. [Han, David K.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Park, S (reprint author), Korea Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Seoul 136713, South Korea. EM swpark@ispl.korea.ac.kr; whchoi@ispl.korea.ac.kr; ctmkhan@gmail.com; hsko@korea.ac.kr FU Seoul RBD Program [WR080951] FX This research was supported by Seoul R&BD Program (WR080951) NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0098-3063 EI 1558-4127 J9 IEEE T CONSUM ELECTR JI IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 61 IS 2 BP 189 EP 196 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA CM6MU UT WOS:000357803600008 ER PT J AU Hysell, DL Milla, MA Rodrigues, FS Varney, RH Huba, JD AF Hysell, D. L. Milla, M. A. Rodrigues, F. S. Varney, R. H. Huba, J. D. TI Topside equatorial ionospheric density, temperature, and composition under equinox, low solar flux conditions SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INCOHERENT-SCATTER ANALYSIS; F-REGION; JICAMARCA; ARECIBO; MINIMUM; PLASMA; DRIFT; TRANSITION; SPECTRUM; MAXIMUM AB We present observations of the topside ionosphere made at the Jicamarca Radio Observatory in March and September 2013, made using a full-profile analysis approach. Recent updates to the methodology employed at Jicamarca are also described. Measurements of plasma number density, electron and ion temperatures, and hydrogen and helium ion fractions up to 1500 km altitude are presented for 3 days in March and September. The main features of the observations include a sawtooth-like diurnal variation in h(t), the transition height where the O+ ion fraction falls to 50%, the appearance of weak He+ layers just below h(t), and a dramatic increase in plasma temperature at dawn followed by a sharp temperature depression around local noon. These features are consistent from day to day and between March and September. Coupled Ion Neutral Dynamics Investigation data from the Communication Navigation Outage Forecast System satellite are used to help validate the March Jicamarca data. The SAMI2-PE model was able to recover many of the features of the topside observations, including the morphology of the plasma density profiles and the light-ion composition. The model, forced using convection speeds and meridional thermospheric winds based on climatological averages, did not reproduce the extreme temperature changes in the topside between sunrise and noon. Some possible causes of the discrepancies are discussed. C1 [Hysell, D. L.] Cornell Univ, Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Milla, M. A.] Jicamarca Radio Observ, Lima, Peru. [Rodrigues, F. S.] Univ Texas Dallas, William B Hanson Ctr Space Sci, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. [Varney, R. H.] SRI Int, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Huba, J. D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Hysell, DL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. EM dlh37@cornell.edu RI Milla, Marco/L-9345-2013; OI Milla, Marco/0000-0001-9067-863X; Varney, Roger/0000-0002-5976-2638 FU NSF through Cornell [AGS-1433968]; NRL Base Funds FX The Jicamarca Radio Observatory is a facility of the Instituto Geofisico del Peru operated with support from NSF award AGS-1433968 through Cornell. The help of the staff is much appreciated. Research of J.D.H. was supported by NRL Base Funds. Data used for this publication are available through the Madrigal database (http://www.openmadrigal.org). We thank the CINDI team for making data available for this study. CINDI data are available at http://cindispace.utdallas.edu/data.html. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 120 IS 5 BP 3899 EP 3912 DI 10.1002/2015JA021168 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CM7KA UT WOS:000357869600047 ER PT J AU Gallagher, CM More, K Masaquel, A Kamath, T Guerin, A Ionescu-Ittu, R Gauthier-Loiselle, M Nitulescu, R Sicignano, N Barnett, B Wu, E AF Gallagher, Christopher M. More, Kenneth Masaquel, Anthony Kamath, Tripthi Guerin, Annie Ionescu-Ittu, Raluca Gauthier-Loiselle, Marjolaine Nitulescu, Roy Sicignano, Nicholas Barnett, Brian Wu, Eric TI Delay in trastuzumab initiation leads to decreased overall survival in patients with HER2+early stage breast cancer SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 37th Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium CY DEC 09-13, 2014 CL San Antonio, TX SP Canc Therapy Res Ctr, Amer Assoc Canc Res C1 [Gallagher, Christopher M.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [More, Kenneth] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Masaquel, Anthony; Kamath, Tripthi; Barnett, Brian] Genentech Inc, San Francisco, CA USA. [Guerin, Annie; Ionescu-Ittu, Raluca; Gauthier-Loiselle, Marjolaine; Nitulescu, Roy; Wu, Eric] Anal Grp Inc, New York, NY USA. [Sicignano, Nicholas] Hlth ResearchTx LLC, Trevose, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 75 SU 9 MA P5-21-03 DI 10.1158/1538-7445.SABCS14-P5-21-03 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA CL1UK UT WOS:000356730203184 ER PT J AU Henry, NC Knorr, DB Williams, KS Baril, N Nallon, E Lenhart, JL Andzelm, JW Pellegrino, J Tidrow, M Cleveland, E Bandara, S AF Henry, Nathan C. Knorr, Daniel B., Jr. Williams, Kristen S. Baril, Neil Nallon, Eric Lenhart, Joseph L. Andzelm, Jan W. Pellegrino, Joseph Tidrow, Meimei Cleveland, Erin Bandara, Sumith TI Chemical and physical passivation of type II strained-layer superlattice devices by means of thiolated self-assembled monolayers and polymer encapsulates SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Workshop on Quantum Structure Infrared Photodetectors (QSIP) CY JUN 29-JUL 03, 2014 CL Santa Fe, NM SP Univ New Mexico, Georgia State Univ, NASA Jet Propuls Lab, AF Res Lab, Army Res Off DE InAs/GaSb superlattice; Infrared detector; Passivation; Thiol; SAM; Polymer ID SEMICONDUCTOR SURFACES; MOLECULES; INAS AB The efficacy of solution deposition of thiolated self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) has been explored for the purpose of passivating III-V type II superlattice (T2SL) photodetectors, more specifically a p-type heterojunction device. Sulfur passivation has previously been achieved on T2SL devices. However, degradation over time, temperature sensitivity and inconsistent reproducibility necessitate a physical encapsulate that can chemically bond to the chemical passivant. Thus, this research investigates two passivation methods, surface passivation with a thiol monolayer and passivation with a polymer encapsulant with a view toward future combination of these techniques. Analysis of the physical and chemical condition of the surface prior to deposition assisted in the development of ideal processes for optimized film quality. Successful deposition was facilitated by in situ oxide removal. Various commercially available functional (cysteamine) and non-functional (alkane) thiolated monolayers were investigated. Dark current was reduced by 3 orders of magnitude and achieved negligible surface leakage at low bias levels. The lowest dark current result, 7.69 x 10(-6) A/cm(2) at 50 mV, was achieved through passivation with cysteamine. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Henry, Nathan C.] Fulcrum Co, Centreville, VA 20120 USA. [Henry, Nathan C.; Baril, Neil; Nallon, Eric; Pellegrino, Joseph; Tidrow, Meimei; Bandara, Sumith] US Army RDECOM CERDEC NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. [Knorr, Daniel B., Jr.; Williams, Kristen S.; Lenhart, Joseph L.; Andzelm, Jan W.] US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Cleveland, Erin] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Henry, NC (reprint author), 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM info@nvl.army.mil NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 EI 1879-0275 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 70 BP 48 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.infrared.2014.10.015 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA CL8OM UT WOS:000357234000011 ER PT J AU Hwang, PA Fois, F AF Hwang, Paul A. Fois, Franco TI Surface roughness and breaking wave properties retrieved from polarimetric microwave radar backscattering SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Open Science Symposium on Western Pacific Ocean Circulation and Climate CY OCT 15-17, 2012 CL Qingdao, PEOPLES R CHINA SP NW Pacific Ocean Circulat & Climate Expt DE polarimetric radar scattering; geophysical model function; surface roughness; wave breaking ID MEAN-SQUARE SLOPE; C-BAND; VECTOR WINDS; SEA CLUTTER; OCEAN; MODEL; SCATTERING; SPECTRA; FOAM AB Ocean surface roughness and wave breaking are the two main contributors of radar backscattering from the ocean surface. The relative weightings of the two contributions vary with the microwave polarization: the VV (vertical transmit vertical receive) is dominated by the Bragg resonance scattering mechanism, and the HH (horizontal transmit horizontal receive) and VH (horizontal transmit vertical receive or vertical transmit horizontal receive) contain nontrivial non-Bragg contributions mainly produced by breaking features. A method is developed to obtain the short-scale properties of ocean surface roughness and wave breaking from Ku, C, and L band polarimetric sea returns. The results are used for quantitative evaluation of the ocean surface roughness spectral models and for deriving understanding of the breaking contribution important to microwave ocean remote sensing, in particular its dependence on wind speed, microwave frequency, and incidence angle. Implications of the results to air-sea interaction applications are discussed. C1 [Hwang, Paul A.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fois, Franco] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Geosci & Remote Sensing, Delft, Netherlands. RP Hwang, PA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM paul.hwang@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (NRL program) [61153N] FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research (NRL program elements 61153N). We are grateful for the comments from two anonymous reviewers and the help by Seubson Soisuvarn (NOAA) for the lookup tables of CMOD5.h and CMOD5.n GMFs. We are grateful for the comments and suggestions from two anonymous reviewers. One of them pointed out that CMOD5.h and Ku2011 have significantly improvement in the high wind retrieval. NRL publication: NRL/JA/7260-15-0026. All the GMFs and data used in this paper have been published in the referenced papers. Data and processing codes can also be obtained from contacting the corresponding author at paul.hwang@nrl.navy.mil. NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD MAY PY 2015 VL 120 IS 5 BP 3640 EP 3657 DI 10.1002/2015JC010782 PG 18 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA CL0JI UT WOS:000356628100026 ER PT J AU McClay, JC Park, PJ Janczewski, MG Langford, LH AF McClay, James C. Park, Peter J. Janczewski, Mark G. Langford, Laura Heermann TI Standard for improving emergency information interoperability: the HL7 data elements for emergency department systems SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE emergency medicine; military medicine; terminology as topic; public health surveillance ID DECISION-SUPPORT; HEALTH DATA; FRAMEWORK; PROJECT AB Background Emergency departments in the United States service over 130 million visits per year. The demands for information from these visits require interoperable data exchange standards. While multiple data exchange specifications are in use, none have undergone rigorous standards review. This paper describes the creation and balloting of the Health Level Seven (HL7) Data Elements for Emergency Department Systems (DEEDS). Methods Existing data exchange specifications were collected and organized into categories reflecting the workflow of emergency care. The concepts were then mapped to existing standards for vocabulary, data types, and the HL7 information model. The HL7 community then processed the specification through the normal balloting process addressing all comments and concerns. The resulting specification was then submitted for publication as an HL7 informational standard. Results The resulting specification contains 525 concepts related to emergency care required for operations and reporting to external agencies. An additional 200 of the most commonly ordered laboratory tests were included. Each concept was given a unique identifier and mapped to Logical Observation Identifiers, Names, and Codes (LOINC). HL7 standard data types were applied. Discussion The HL7 DEEDS specification represents the first set of common ED related data elements to undergo rigorous standards development. The availability of this standard will contribute to improved interoperability of emergency care data. C1 [McClay, James C.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Nebraska Med Ctr 981150, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. [Park, Peter J.] NMCSD, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 92136 USA. [Janczewski, Mark G.] Med Networks LLC, Annandale, VA 22003 USA. [Langford, Laura Heermann] Intermt Healthcare, Homer Warner Ctr Informat Res, Salt Lake City, UT 84107 USA. RP McClay, JC (reprint author), Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Nebraska Med Ctr 981150, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. EM jmcclay@unmc.edu NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1067-5027 EI 1527-974X J9 J AM MED INFORM ASSN JI J. Am. Med. Inf. Assoc. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 22 IS 3 BP 529 EP 535 DI 10.1093/jamia/ocu040 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Health Care Sciences & Services; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Health Care Sciences & Services; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics GA CL1PV UT WOS:000356717100006 PM 25769684 ER PT J AU Hohenberger, M Radha, PB Myatt, JF LePape, S Marozas, JA Marshall, FJ Michel, DT Regan, SP Seka, W Shvydky, A Sangster, TC Bates, JW Betti, R Boehly, TR Bonino, MJ Casey, DT Collins, TJB Craxton, RS Delettrez, JA Edgell, DH Epstein, R Fiksel, G Fitzsimmons, P Frenje, JA Froula, DH Goncharov, VN Harding, DR Kalantar, DH Karasik, M Kessler, TJ Kilkenny, JD Knauer, JP Kurz, C Lafon, M LaFortune, KN MacGowan, BJ Mackinnon, AJ MacPhee, AG McCrory, RL McKenty, PW Meeker, JF Meyerhofer, DD Nagel, SR Nikroo, A Obenschain, S Petrasso, RD Ralph, JE Rinderknecht, HG Rosenberg, MJ Schmitt, AJ Wallace, RJ Weaver, J Widmayer, C Skupsky, S Solodov, AA Stoeckl, C Yaakobi, B Zuegel, JD AF Hohenberger, M. Radha, P. B. Myatt, J. F. LePape, S. Marozas, J. A. Marshall, F. J. Michel, D. T. Regan, S. P. Seka, W. Shvydky, A. Sangster, T. C. Bates, J. W. Betti, R. Boehly, T. R. Bonino, M. J. Casey, D. T. Collins, T. J. B. Craxton, R. S. Delettrez, J. A. Edgell, D. H. Epstein, R. Fiksel, G. Fitzsimmons, P. Frenje, J. A. Froula, D. H. Goncharov, V. N. Harding, D. R. Kalantar, D. H. Karasik, M. Kessler, T. J. Kilkenny, J. D. Knauer, J. P. Kurz, C. Lafon, M. LaFortune, K. N. MacGowan, B. J. Mackinnon, A. J. MacPhee, A. G. McCrory, R. L. McKenty, P. W. Meeker, J. F. Meyerhofer, D. D. Nagel, S. R. Nikroo, A. Obenschain, S. Petrasso, R. D. Ralph, J. E. Rinderknecht, H. G. Rosenberg, M. J. Schmitt, A. J. Wallace, R. J. Weaver, J. Widmayer, C. Skupsky, S. Solodov, A. A. Stoeckl, C. Yaakobi, B. Zuegel, J. D. TI Polar-direct-drive experiments on the National Ignition Facility SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics CY OCT 27-31, 2014 CL New Orleans, LA ID LASER; INSTABILITY; OMEGA; SIMULATIONS; PERFORMANCE; PLASMAS; FUSION; HYDRODYNAMICS; TARGETS; SYSTEM AB To support direct-drive inertial confinement fusion experiments at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) [G. H. Miller, E. I. Moses, and C. R. Wuest, Opt. Eng. 43, 2841 (2004)] in its indirect-drive beam configuration, the polar-direct-drive (PDD) concept [S. Skupsky et al., Phys. Plasmas 11, 2763 (2004)] has been proposed. Ignition in PDD geometry requires direct-drive-specific beam smoothing, phase plates, and repointing the NIF beams toward the equator to ensure symmetric target irradiation. First experiments to study the energetics and preheat in PDD implosions at the NIF have been performed. These experiments utilize the NIF in its current configuration, including beam geometry, phase plates, and beam smoothing. Room-temperature, 2.2-mm-diam plastic shells filled with D-2 gas were imploded with total drive energies ranging from similar to 500 to 750 kJ with peak powers of 120 to 180 TW and peak on-target irradiances at the initial target radius from 8 x 10(14) to 1.2 x 10(15) W/cm(2). Results from these initial experiments are presented, including measurements of shell trajectory, implosion symmetry, and the level of hot-electron preheat in plastic and Si ablators. Experiments are simulated with the 2-D hydrodynamics code DRACO including a full 3-D ray-trace to model oblique beams, and models for nonlocal electron transport and cross-beam energy transport (CBET). These simulations indicate that CBET affects the shell symmetry and leads to a loss of energy imparted onto the shell, consistent with the experimental data. (c) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Hohenberger, M.; Radha, P. B.; Myatt, J. F.; Marozas, J. A.; Marshall, F. J.; Michel, D. T.; Regan, S. P.; Seka, W.; Shvydky, A.; Sangster, T. C.; Betti, R.; Boehly, T. R.; Bonino, M. J.; Collins, T. J. B.; Craxton, R. S.; Delettrez, J. A.; Edgell, D. H.; Epstein, R.; Fiksel, G.; Froula, D. H.; Goncharov, V. N.; Harding, D. R.; Kessler, T. J.; Knauer, J. P.; Lafon, M.; McCrory, R. L.; McKenty, P. W.; Meyerhofer, D. D.; Rosenberg, M. J.; Skupsky, S.; Solodov, A. A.; Stoeckl, C.; Yaakobi, B.; Zuegel, J. D.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [LePape, S.; Casey, D. T.; Kalantar, D. H.; LaFortune, K. N.; MacGowan, B. J.; Mackinnon, A. J.; MacPhee, A. G.; Meeker, J. F.; Nagel, S. R.; Ralph, J. E.; Wallace, R. J.; Widmayer, C.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Bates, J. W.; Karasik, M.; Obenschain, S.; Schmitt, A. J.; Weaver, J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fitzsimmons, P.; Kilkenny, J. D.; Kurz, C.; Nikroo, A.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Frenje, J. A.; Petrasso, R. D.; Rinderknecht, H. G.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Hohenberger, M (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RI lepape, sebastien/J-3010-2015; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014 OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906 FU Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-NA0001944]; University of Rochester; New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; DOE [LLNL-JRNL-664443] FX This material was based upon work supported by the Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration under Award No. DE-NA0001944, the University of Rochester, and the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority. The support of DOE does not constitute an endorsement by DOE of the views expressed in this article (LLNL-JRNL-664443). NR 75 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 33 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2015 VL 22 IS 5 AR 056308 DI 10.1063/1.4920958 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA CJ9AI UT WOS:000355794300133 ER PT J AU Armstrong, EP Malone, DC Yeh, W Dahl, GJ Lee, R Sicignano, N AF Armstrong, E. P. Malone, D. C. Yeh, W. Dahl, G. J. Lee, R. Sicignano, N. TI THE ECONOMIC BURDEN OF SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY SO VALUE IN HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Armstrong, E. P.] Strateg Therapeut LLC, Oro Valley, AZ USA. [Malone, D. C.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. [Yeh, W.] Biogen Idec Inc, Cambridge, MA USA. [Dahl, G. J.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Lee, R.] Naval Med Res Unit Dayton, Dayton, OH USA. [Sicignano, N.] Hlth ResearchTx, Trevose, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1098-3015 EI 1524-4733 J9 VALUE HEALTH JI Value Health PD MAY PY 2015 VL 18 IS 3 MA PND25 BP A282 EP A282 PG 1 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA CI1IZ UT WOS:000354498504314 ER PT J AU Gupta, S LeBlanc, JM Shukla, A AF Gupta, Sachin LeBlanc, James M. Shukla, Arun TI Implosion of Longitudinally Off-Centered Cylindrical Volumes in a Confining Environment SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE implosion; implodable volume; collapse; pressure waves; computational modeling; fluid-structure interaction; water hammer; confined environment; longitudinal offset ID UNDERWATER IMPLOSION; CYLINDERS; SHELLS AB A comprehensive experimental/numerical study on the implosion of longitudinally off-centered cylindrical implodable volumes was conducted within a tubular confining space. In particular, the aim of this study was to examine the changes in the implosion mechanics and in the nature of pressure waves, arising from the longitudinally off-centered location of the implodable volume. Experiments were conducted with 31.8 mm outer diameter, cylindrical aluminum 6061-T6 implodable volumes placed concentrically within the confining tube. Three longitudinal offset locations were chosen within the confining tube, such that distance from the center of the implodable volume to the center of confining tube is equal to: (a) zero, (b) 3/7 of the half-length of confining tube (L), and (c) 5 L/7. Pressure transducers mounted on the inner surface of the confining tube were used to capture the pressure waves released during the implosion event. Computational simulations were performed using a coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian scheme to explicitly model the implosion process of the tubes along with the resulting compressible fluid flow. The experiments revealed that the longitudinal asymmetric placement of the implodable volume enhances the strength of hammer pressure waves generated during the implosion process. The off-centered location of the implodable volume causes a pressure imbalance in the entire length of the confining tube. Hence, the water particle velocity shifts toward the implodable volume producing high pressure region at the end-plate near the implodable volume, while the other end-plate experiences significantly longer cavitation due to low pressure. This far end-plate cavitation duration is also found to increase with increasing longitudinal offset, even though the total combined cavitation duration at both the end-plates is approximately same for all offset locations. With high correlation observed between the experiments and simulations, computation models were further used to correlate the longitudinal offset and the signature of pressure waves at various interpolated locations. Simulations show that there is increase in both the peak pressure and the impulse of the hammer wave with increasing longitudinal offset of the implodable volume. Simulations also show that the collapse rate of the implodable volume decreases with the increasing longitudinal offset. C1 [Gupta, Sachin; Shukla, Arun] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Mech Ind & Syst Engn, Dynam Photo Mech Lab, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [LeBlanc, James M.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Shukla, A (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Mech Ind & Syst Engn, Dynam Photo Mech Lab, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. EM gupsac@my.uri.edu; james.m.leblanc@navy.mil; shuklaa@uri.edu FU Office of Naval Research Computational Mechanics Program [N00014-12-1-0382, N0001412WX21206] FX The authors kindly acknowledge the financial support provided by the Office of Naval Research Computational Mechanics Program managed by Dr. Stephen E. Turner under Grant Nos. N00014-12-1-0382 (URI) and N0001412WX21206 (NUWC). NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0021-8936 EI 1528-9036 J9 J APPL MECH-T ASME JI J. Appl. Mech.-Trans. ASME PD MAY PY 2015 VL 82 IS 5 AR 051002 DI 10.1115/1.4029917 PG 12 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA CK1BW UT WOS:000355941400002 ER PT J AU Zhao, Y Taylor, MJ Randall, CE Lumpe, JD Siskind, DE Bailey, SM Russell, JM AF Zhao, Y. Taylor, M. J. Randall, C. E. Lumpe, J. D. Siskind, D. E. Bailey, S. M. Russell, J. M., III TI Investigating seasonal gravity wave activity in the summer polar mesosphere SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NOCTILUCENT CLOUDS; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; LIDAR OBSERVATIONS; HIGH-LATITUDES; SOLAR-CYCLE; PROPAGATION; BREAKING; THERMOSPHERE; CAMPAIGN; EXPLORER AB The NASA Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) satellite is the first spaceborne mission dedicated to studying high-altitude (similar to 83 km) Polar Mesospheric Clouds (PMCs). Since its launch in 2007, the Cloud Imaging and Particle Size (CIPS) instrument onboard AIM has obtained large-field, high resolution (25 km(2)/pixel) images of the PMCs, enabling a unique investigation of mesospheric gravity wave activity in the summer polar mesosphere where previous measurements have been sparse. In this study, we have analyzed 12 consecutive seasons of AIM/CIPS PMC albedo data to determine the statistical properties of medium and large horizontal scale ( > 100 km) gravity waves present in the PMC data. Over 60,000 wave events with horizontal scale-sizes ranging up to > 2000 km have been identified and measured, revealing a wealth of wave events particularly in the similar to 300-800 km range where our analysis sensitivity is largest. These data are ideal for investigating the intra-seasonal, inter-annual and hemispheric variability of these waves as observed over the whole summer polar cap regions. Throughout this 6 year study, the wave activity in the southern hemisphere was found to be consistently 10-15% higher than in the northern hemisphere and both the northern and southern hemisphere wave activity was determined to decrease systematically (by similar to 15%) during the course of each summer season. This decrease agrees well with previous seasonal stratospheric studies of variations in the wave energy, suggesting a direct influence of the lower atmospheric sources on polar mesospheric dynamics. Very similar and consistent results were also found from season to season in both hemispheres providing new information for gravity wave modeling and dynamical studies of the high-latitude summer-time mesosphere. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhao, Y.; Taylor, M. J.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Atmospher & Space Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Randall, C. E.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Lumpe, J. D.] Computat Phys Inc, Boulder, CO USA. [Siskind, D. E.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bailey, S. M.] Virginia Tech, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Russell, J. M., III] Hampton Univ, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. RP Zhao, Y (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Ctr Atmospher & Space Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM yu.cheng@usu.edu RI Randall, Cora/L-8760-2014 OI Randall, Cora/0000-0002-4313-4397 FU NASA [NAS5-03132]; Hampton University [05-17] FX The AIM satellite mission was developed as part of the NASA Small Explorer Program under contract NAS5-03132. The gravity wave research presented herein was supported as part of this mission through a subcontract from Hampton University to Utah State University # 05-17. We gratefully acknowledge the tremendous efforts of the entire AIM program, especially mission engineering, operations, data processing and science teams, for sustaining the excellent quality and continuity of the CIPS image data. We further acknowledge Dr. Dave Rusch for his considerable efforts and dedication as PI of the CIPS instrument during its development and initial on orbit measurements. We also thank the NOGAPS-ALPHA team for the use of their assimilated wind fields for investigating possible causes of the observed wave variability. We wish to acknowledge Dr. Damian Murphy and the reviewers for their very helpful comments and suggestions. NR 85 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1364-6826 EI 1879-1824 J9 J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY JI J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 127 SI SI BP 8 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.jastp.2015.03.008 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CJ7VO UT WOS:000355708700003 ER PT J AU Bartlett, JL Phillips, J Galarneau, MR AF Bartlett, Jamie L. Phillips, Jennifer Galarneau, Michael R. TI A Descriptive Study of the US Marine Corps Fitness Tests (2000-2012) SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PHYSICAL-FITNESS; INFANTRY SOLDIERS; INJURIES AB This article describes the performance of active duty U.S. Marines on the Physical Fitness Test (PFT) and Combat Fitness Test (CFT) during calendar years 2000 through 2012. Our study sample included PFT composite scores (n = 543,185), PFT and CFT composite scores (n = 160,936), and PFT and CFT event scores (n = 135,926 and n = 201,953, respectively). In general, all Marines performed very well on each fitness test, with overall annual improvements. Interestingly, the majority of female Marines passed the minimum male standard on the CFT. Further studies will evaluate the relationship of fitness test performance and injury. C1 [Bartlett, Jamie L.; Phillips, Jennifer; Galarneau, Michael R.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Med Modeling Simulat & Mission Support, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Bartlett, JL (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Med Modeling Simulat & Mission Support, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RI Bartlett, Jamie/B-9756-2014 OI Bartlett, Jamie/0000-0001-7934-7119 FU BUMED Wounded, Ill, and Injured W263 FX The authors would like to specifically thank Peggy Han, Kaeley Shannon and Jaime Horton for their assistance with this manuscript. This work was supported by BUMED Wounded, Ill, and Injured W263, Work Unit No. 60332. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 180 IS 5 BP 513 EP 517 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00490 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA CJ5WF UT WOS:000355562600014 PM 25939104 ER PT J AU Mostl, C Rollett, T Frahm, RA Liu, YD Long, DM Colaninno, RC Reiss, MA Temmer, M Farrugia, CJ Posner, A Dumbovic, M Janvier, M Demoulin, P Boakes, P Devos, A Kraaikamp, E Mays, ML Vrsnak, B AF Mostl, Christian Rollett, Tanja Frahm, Rudy A. Liu, Ying D. Long, David M. Colaninno, Robin C. Reiss, Martin A. Temmer, Manuela Farrugia, Charles J. Posner, Arik Dumbovic, Mateja Janvier, Miho Demoulin, Pascal Boakes, Peter Devos, Andy Kraaikamp, Emil Mays, Mona L. Vrsnak, Bojan TI Strong coronal channelling and interplanetary evolution of a solar storm up to Earth and Mars SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU OBSERVATIONS; MASS EJECTIONS; MAGNETIC CLOUD; ARRIVAL TIMES; WIND; PROPAGATION; SHOCK; CMES; SUN; DEFLECTION AB The severe geomagnetic effects of solar storms or coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are to a large degree determined by their propagation direction with respect to Earth. There is a lack of understanding of the processes that determine their non-radial propagation. Here we present a synthesis of data from seven different space missions of a fast CME, which originated in an active region near the disk centre and, hence, a significant geomagnetic impact was forecasted. However, the CME is demonstrated to be channelled during eruption into a direction + 37 +/- 10 degrees (longitude) away from its source region, leading only to minimal geomagnetic effects. In situ observations near Earth and Mars confirm the channelled CME motion, and are consistent with an ellipse shape of the CME-driven shock provided by the new Ellipse Evolution model, presented here. The results enhance our understanding of CME propagation and shape, which can help to improve space weather forecasts. C1 [Mostl, Christian; Rollett, Tanja] Austrian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, A-8042 Graz, Austria. [Mostl, Christian; Reiss, Martin A.; Temmer, Manuela; Boakes, Peter] Graz Univ, Inst Phys, IGAM Kanzelhohe Observ, A-8010 Graz, Austria. [Frahm, Rudy A.] Southwest Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78238 USA. [Liu, Ying D.] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Space Sci Ctr, State Key Lab Space Weather, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Long, David M.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [Colaninno, Robin C.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Farrugia, Charles J.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Posner, Arik] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Dumbovic, Mateja; Vrsnak, Bojan] Univ Zagreb, Fac Geodesy, Hvar Observ, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. [Janvier, Miho] Univ Dundee, Dept Math, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland. [Demoulin, Pascal] CNRS, UMR 8109, LESIA, Observ Paris, F-92195 Meudon, France. [Devos, Andy; Kraaikamp, Emil] Royal Observ Belgium, Solar Terr Ctr Excellence SIDC, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium. [Mays, Mona L.] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Mays, Mona L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Heliophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Mostl, C (reprint author), Austrian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, A-8042 Graz, Austria. EM christian.moestl@oeaw.ac.at RI Long, David/J-3227-2013; OI Long, David/0000-0003-3137-0277; Dumbovic, Mateja/0000-0002-8680-8267; Demoulin, Pascal/0000-0001-8215-6532; Liu, Ying/0000-0002-3483-5909 FU Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P26174-N27, V195-N16]; Leverhulme Trust; Croatian Science Foundation [6212]; Recruitment Program of Global Experts of China; NSFC [41374173]; Specialized Research Fund for State Key Laboratories of China; European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) [606692, 284461]; NASA [NNX13AP39G, NNX10AQ29G, NASW-00003]; STEREO Farside Grant; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA, HEOMD) under Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) [1273039]; DLR and DLR's Space Administration [50QM0501, 50QM1201]; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office through the ESA-PRODEX program [4000103240]; European Commission's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) [263506, 263252] FX This study was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF): [P26174-N27, V195-N16]. T.R. gratefully acknowledges the JungforscherInnenfonds of the Council of the University Graz. D.M.L. is a Leverhulme Early-Career Fellow funded by the Leverhulme Trust. M.D. and B.V. acknowledge financial support by the Croatian Science Foundation under the project 6212 SOLSTEL. Y.D.L. was supported by the Recruitment Program of Global Experts of China, NSFC under grant 41374173 and the Specialized Research Fund for State Key Laboratories of China. The presented work has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement No. 606692 [HELCATS] and No. 284461 [eHEROES]. Part of this work was supported by NASA grants NNX13AP39G, NNX10AQ29G and STEREO Farside Grant to UNH. MEX/ASPERA-3 is supported in the United States of America by NASA contract NASW-00003. RAD is supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA, HEOMD) under Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) subcontract #1273039 to the Southwest Research Institute and in Germany by DLR and DLR's Space Administration grant numbers 50QM0501 and 50QM1201 to the Christian Albrechts University, Kiel. A.D. acknowledges support from the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office through the ESA-PRODEX program, grant No. 4000103240. E.K. acknowledges support from the European Commission's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2014) under the grant agreement nr. 263506 (AFFECTS project), and grant agreement nr. 263252 (COMESEP project). This research has made use of the Heliophysics Event Knowledge database and the ESA JHelioviewer software. We thank Janet G. Luhmann and Julia K. Thalmann for discussions, and the Center for Geomagnetism in Kyoto for providing the Dst indices. NR 63 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 6 AR 7135 DI 10.1038/ncomms8135 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CJ5MZ UT WOS:000355533300005 PM 26011032 ER PT J AU Field, LD Delehanty, JB Chen, YC Medintz, IL AF Field, Lauren D. Delehanty, James B. Chen, YungChia Medintz, Igor L. TI Peptides for Specifically Targeting Nanoparticles to Cellular Organelles: Quo Vadis? SO ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID QUANTUM DOTS; ENDOSOMAL ESCAPE; SIRNA DELIVERY; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; IN-VITRO; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; PENETRATING PEPTIDES; FUSOGENIC PEPTIDES; SURFACE PROTEINS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS AB The interfacing of nanomaterials and especially nanoparticles within all aspects of biological research continues to grow at a nearly unabated pace with projected applications focusing on powerful new tools for cellular labeling, imaging, and sensing, theranostic materials, and drug delivery. At the most fundamental level, many of these nanoparticles are meant to target not only very specific cell-types, regardless of whether they are in a culture, tissue, an animal model, or ultimately a patient, but also in many cases a specific subcellular organelle. During this process, these materials will undergo a complex journey that must first find the target cell of interest, then be taken up by those cells across the extracellular membrane, and ultimately localize to a desired subcellular organelle, which may include the nucleus, plasma membrane, endolysosomal system, mitochondria, cytosol, or endoplasmic reticulum. To accomplish these complex tasks in the correct sequence, researchers are increasingly interested in selecting for and exploiting targeting peptides that can impart the requisite capabilities to a given nanoparticle construct. There are also a number of related criteria that need careful consideration for this undertaking centering on the nature and properties of the peptide vector itself, the peptidenanoparticle conjugate characteristics, and the target cell. Here, we highlight some important issues and key research areas related to this burgeoning field. We begin by providing a brief overview of some criteria for optimal attachment of peptides to nanoparticles, the predominant methods by which nanoparticles enter cells, and some of the peptide sequences that have been utilized to facilitate nanoparticle delivery to cells focusing on those that engender the initial targeting and uptake. Because almost all materials delivered to cells by peptides utilize the endosomal system of vesicular transport and in many cases remain sequestered within the vesicles, we critically evaluate the issue of endosomal escape in the context of some recently reported successes in this regard. Following from this, peptides that have been reported to deliver nanoparticles to specific subcellular compartments are examined with a focus on what they delivered and the putative mechanisms by which they were able to accomplish this. The last section focuses on two areas that are critical to realizing this overall approach in the long term. The first is how to select for peptidyl sequences capable of improved or more specific cellular or subcellular targeting based upon principles commonly associated with drug discovery. The second looks at what has been done to create modular peptides that incorporate multiple desirable functionalities within a single, contiguous sequence. This provides a viable alternative to either the almost insurmountable challenge of finding one sequence capable of all functions or, alternatively, attaching different peptides with different functionalities to the same nanoparticle in different ratios when trying to orchestrate their net effects. Finally, we conclude with a brief perspective on the future evolution and broader impact of this growing area of bionanoscience. C1 [Field, Lauren D.; Delehanty, James B.; Chen, YungChia; Medintz, Igor L.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Field, Lauren D.] Univ Maryland, Fischell Dept Bioengn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Chen, YungChia] Amer Soc Engn Educ, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Delehanty, JB (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM james.delehanty@nrl.navy.mil; igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil FU NRL Nanosciences Institute; DTRA; American Society FX The authors acknowledge the NRL Nanosciences Institute and DTRA. Y.C. acknowledges an American Society for Engineering Education postdoctoral fellowship. NR 60 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 13 U2 98 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0001-4842 EI 1520-4898 J9 ACCOUNTS CHEM RES JI Accounts Chem. Res. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1380 EP 1390 DI 10.1021/ar500449v PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA CI8XT UT WOS:000355055700018 PM 25853734 ER PT J AU Massey, M Ancona, MG Medintz, IL Algar, WR AF Massey, Melissa Ancona, Mario G. Medintz, Igor L. Algar, W. Russ TI Time-Gated DNA Photonic Wires with Forster Resonance Energy Transfer Cascades Initiated by a Luminescent Terbium Donor SO ACS PHOTONICS LA English DT Article DE background rejection; DNA nanotechnology; energy transfer; lanthanide complex; locked nucleic acid; photonic wire ID QUANTUM DOTS; NANOTECHNOLOGY; NANOSTRUCTURES; FLUORESCENCE; ASSEMBLIES; ORIGAMI; LNA; NANOPARTICLES; OPPORTUNITIES; COMPUTATION AB Functional DNA nanotechnology is a rapidly growing area of research with many prospective photonic applications, including roles as wires and switches, logic operators, and smart biological probes and delivery vectors. Photonic wire constructs are one such example and comprise a Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) cascade between fluorescent dyes arranged periodically along a DNA scaffold. To date, the majority of research on photonic wires has focused on setting new benchmarks for efficient energy transfer over more steps and across longer distances, using almost exclusively organic fluorescent dyes and strictly DNA structures. Here, we expand the range of materials utilized with DNA photonic wires by demonstrating the use of a luminescent terbium complex (Tb) as an initial donor for a four-step FRET cascade along a similar to 15 nm long DNA/locked nucleic acid (LNA) photonic wire. The inclusion of LNA nucleotides increases the thermal stability of the photonic wires while the Tb affords time-gated emission measurements and other optical benefits. Time-gating minimizes unwanted background emission, whether from direct excitation of fluorescent dyes along the length of the photonic wire, from excess dye-labeled DNA strands in the sample, or from a biological sample matrix. Observed efficiencies for Tb-to-dye energy transfer are also closer to the predicted values than those for dye-to-dye energy transfer, and the Tb can be used as an initial FRET donor for a variety of next-in-line acceptors at different spectral positions. We show that the key to using the Tb as an effective initial donor is to optimally position the next-in-line acceptor dye in a so-called "sweet spot" where the FRET efficiency is sufficiently high for practicality, but not so high as to suppress time-gated emission by shortening the Tb emission lifetime to within the instrument lag or delay time necessary for measurements. Overall, the initiation of a time-gated FRET cascade with a Tb donor is a very promising strategy for the design, characterization, and application of DNA-based photonic wires and other functional DNA nanostructures. C1 [Massey, Melissa; Algar, W. Russ] Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Ancona, Mario G.] US Navy, Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Medintz, Igor L.] US Navy, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Algar, WR (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. EM algar@chem.ubc.ca FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); NRL; NRL NSI; Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI); Canada Research Chair (Tier 2); Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research Scholar Award FX The authors acknowledge support from the Office of Naval Research (ONR). M.G.A. and I.L.M. acknowledge support from NRL and the NRL NSI. W.R.A. acknowledges support from the Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI), a Canada Research Chair (Tier 2), and Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research Scholar Award. The authors thank Lumiphore, Inc. for the Lumi4-Tb-NHS reagent. NR 57 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 11 U2 61 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2330-4022 J9 ACS PHOTONICS JI ACS Photonics PD MAY PY 2015 VL 2 IS 5 BP 639 EP 652 DI 10.1021/acsphotonics.5b00052 PG 14 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA CI9CB UT WOS:000355066900012 ER PT J AU Huang, L Matta, CF Wallace, S Massa, L Bernal, I AF Huang, Lulu Matta, Cherif F. Wallace, Sonjae Massa, Lou Bernal, Ivan TI A unique trapping by crystal forces of a hydronium cation displaying a transition state structure SO COMPTES RENDUS CHIMIE LA English DT Article DE Bifurcated hydrogen bond; Protonated water structure; Electron density; Bond critical point electron density; Topology of the electron density; Quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) ID GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; DENSITY AB An hydronium cation has been discovered which is unique among all crystallographic such ions of the Cambridge Database. Of composition H7O3+ it has a structure that is totally different from those classically known with structures H2O-H2O-H3O+ and H2O-(H3O+)-H2O. Unlike the crystallographically classical ones, the cation discussed here has a bifurcated hydrogen bond. From a central H3O+ moiety a single hydrogen bond donor extends to two adjacent water molecules. Quantum chemical calculations in absence of the crystal environment demonstrate that the bifurcated hydrogen bond structure is that of a transition state for the H7O3+ complex. Thus remarkably, it appears that crystal forces have captured the ion in what would otherwise be a short-lived and unstable transition state formation. (C) 2014 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Huang, Lulu] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Matta, Cherif F.] Mt St Vincent Univ, Dept Chem, Halifax, NS B3M 2J6, Canada. [Matta, Cherif F.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Chem, Halifax, NS B3H 4J3, Canada. [Wallace, Sonjae; Massa, Lou; Bernal, Ivan] CUNY, Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Wallace, Sonjae; Massa, Lou] CUNY, Grad Ctr, New York, NY 10065 USA. RP Massa, L (reprint author), CUNY, Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10065 USA. EM lmassa@hunter.cuny.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI); Mount Saint Vincent University; US Naval Research Laboratory [47203-00 01]; PSC CUNY Award [63842-00 41] FX Funding for this project was provided by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program - (L.H.), by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI), and Mount Saint Vincent University - (C.F.M.), the US Naval Research Laboratory (project #47203-00 01) and by a PSC CUNY Award (project # 63842-00 41) - (L.M.). NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1631-0748 EI 1878-1543 J9 CR CHIM JI C. R. Chim. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 18 IS 5 BP 511 EP 515 DI 10.1016/j.crci.2014.10.008 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA CI9BB UT WOS:000355064300006 ER PT J AU Huang, L Lambrakos, SG Shabaev, A Bernstein, N Massa, L AF Huang, Lulu Lambrakos, Sam G. Shabaev, Andrew Bernstein, Noam Massa, Lou TI Molecular analysis of water clusters: Calculation of the cluster structures and vibrational spectrum using density functional theory SO COMPTES RENDUS CHIMIE LA English DT Article DE THz spectra; Vibrational resonances; DFT calculations ID SIMPLE POTENTIAL FUNCTIONS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; LIQUID WATER; AB-INITIO; RAMAN-SPECTRA; TERAHERTZ SPECTROSCOPY; GLOBAL MINIMA; LOW-FREQUENCY; DYNAMICS; SIMULATION AB Density functional theory (DFT) is applied to obtain absorption spectra at THz frequencies for molecular clusters of H2O. The vibrational modes of the clusters are calculated. Coupling among molecular vibrational modes explains their spectral features associated with THz excitation. THz excitation is associated with vibrational frequencies which are here calculated within the DFT approximation of electronic states. This is done for both isolated molecules and collections of molecules in a cluster. The principal result of the paper is that a crystal-like cluster of 38 water molecules together with a continuum solvent background is sufficient to replicate well the experimental vibrational frequencies. (C) 2015 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Huang, Lulu; Lambrakos, Sam G.; Bernstein, Noam] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Shabaev, Andrew] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Massa, Lou] CUNY, Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10065 USA. RP Lambrakos, SG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM lmassa@hunter.cuny.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program FX Funding for this project was provided by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program. NR 68 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1631-0748 EI 1878-1543 J9 CR CHIM JI C. R. Chim. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 18 IS 5 BP 516 EP 524 DI 10.1016/j.crci.2014.12.009 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA CI9BB UT WOS:000355064300007 ER PT J AU Johnson, SD Newman, HS Glaser, ER Cheng, SF Tadjer, MJ Kub, FJ Eddy, CR AF Johnson, Scooter D. Newman, Harvey S. Glaser, Evan R. Cheng, Shu-Fan Tadjer, Marko J. Kub, Fritz J. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. TI Aerosol Deposition of Yttrium Iron Garnet for Fabrication of Ferrite-Integrated On-Chip Inductors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article DE Aerosol deposition (AD); monolithic microwave integrated circuit; radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC); room temperature deposition; thick film; yttrium iron garnet ID PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; THIN-FILM INDUCTORS; LINEWIDTH MEASUREMENTS; RESONANCE LINEWIDTH; MAGNETIC MATERIALS; YIG; FMR; SATURATION AB We have employed aerosol deposition (AD) to deposit 39 mu m thick polycrystalline films of yttrium iron garnet at room temperature onto sapphire at a rate of 1-3 mu m/min as an initial investigation of utilizing AD for fabricating ferrite-integrated on-chip inductors. We characterize the structural and magnetic properties of the as-received starting powder, as-deposited film, and a pressed puck formed from the starting powder. Results show that the films are comprised of randomly oriented polycrystalline grains with structural and magnetic properties that closely resemble that of the starting powder. Results from coating a gold single-turn inductor show an increase in inductance of 79% up to similar to 300 MHz without affecting the Q-factor. These results demonstrate AD as a promising technique for depositing thick ferrite films at high deposition rates for low-temperature fabrication of ferrite-integrated on-chip inductors. C1 [Johnson, Scooter D.; Newman, Harvey S.; Glaser, Evan R.; Cheng, Shu-Fan; Tadjer, Marko J.; Kub, Fritz J.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Johnson, SD (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM scooter.johnson.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [N0001413WX20845]; American Association for Engineering Education/Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under Grant N0001413WX20845 (Dr. Daniel Green, Program Manager). S. D. Johnson would like to thank the American Association for Engineering Education/Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Post-Doctoral Fellowship Program, L. Boglione for the discussions on microwave theory, K. Bussmann for insights on the magnetic properties of materials, and R. Holm for his part in the design and implementation of the NRL AD system. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 EI 1941-0069 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 51 IS 5 AR 2200206 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2014.2369376 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA CJ0XU UT WOS:000355204800005 ER PT J AU Dimopoulos, A Sicko, R Kay, DE Rigler, S Fan, R Romitti, P Browne, M Druschel, C Caggana, M Brody, L Mills, JL AF Dimopoulos, A. Sicko, R. Kay, D. E. Rigler, S. Fan, R. Romitti, P. Browne, M. Druschel, C. Caggana, M. Brody, L. Mills, J. L. TI Copy Number Variants in a Population-Based Investigation of Hypoplastic Right Heart Syndrome SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dimopoulos, A.; Fan, R.; Mills, J. L.] NICHD, Bethesda, MD USA. [Sicko, R.; Kay, D. E.; Browne, M.; Druschel, C.; Caggana, M.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Rigler, S.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Romitti, P.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Brody, L.] NHGRI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 103 IS 5 MA P11 BP 407 EP 407 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA CI4SD UT WOS:000354742400111 ER PT J AU Dimopoulos, A Sicko, R Kay, DE Boghossian, N Rigler, S Hagen, EM Fan, R Romitti, P Browne, M Druschel, C Caggana, M Brody, L Mills, JL AF Dimopoulos, A. Sicko, R. Kay, D. E. Boghossian, N. Rigler, S. Hagen, E. M. Fan, R. Romitti, P. Browne, M. Druschel, C. Caggana, M. Brody, L. Mills, J. L. TI Rare Copy Number Variants in a Population-Based Investigation of Isolated Tracheoesophageal Fistula and Esophageal Atresia SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dimopoulos, A.; Hagen, E. M.; Fan, R.; Mills, J. L.] NICHD, Bethesda, MD USA. [Sicko, R.; Kay, D. E.; Browne, M.; Druschel, C.; Caggana, M.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Boghossian, N.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Rigler, S.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Romitti, P.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Brody, L.] NHGRI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 103 IS 5 MA P12 BP 408 EP 408 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA CI4SD UT WOS:000354742400112 ER PT J AU Heinzen, SB Hall, CE Gopalarathnam, A AF Heinzen, Stearns B. Hall, Charles E., Jr. Gopalarathnam, Ashok TI Development and Testing of a Passive Variable-Pitch Propeller SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article AB A novel approach to passive propeller blade pitch variation is investigated. To effect passive pitch changes, the propeller blades are allowed to pivot freely about a radial axis, and aerodynamic pitching moments are tailored to give favorable blade pitch angles over a wide range of advance ratios. Computational modeling of the system indicated that a large expansion of the efficient operating envelope is possible, compared to a fixed-pitch propeller. Wind-tunnel experiments corroborated the computational results and demonstrated that the propeller maintained near-peak efficiency by passively adjusting blade pitch angles by over 15 deg to the match changing advance ratio. The passive variable-pitch propeller was then successfully demonstrated in flight on an unmanned aerial vehicle. Using tailored aerodynamics in place of active control allows this performance improvement to be realized at a fraction of the weight and complexity of a traditionally actuated variable-pitch propeller. The concept enables the benefits to be realized on platforms for which a traditional constant-speed variable-pitch propeller is not viable, such as on small general aviation aircraft or on unmanned platforms. C1 [Heinzen, Stearns B.; Hall, Charles E., Jr.; Gopalarathnam, Ashok] N Carolina State Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Heinzen, SB (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM stearns.heinzen@nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory FX The lead author would like to thank the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory for their sponsorship during much of computational effort presented in this work. We thank the reviewers and the Associate Editor for their insightful comments, which have resulted in improvements to the paper. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 EI 1533-3868 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD MAY-JUN PY 2015 VL 52 IS 3 BP 748 EP 763 DI 10.2514/1.C032595 PG 16 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA CI4VH UT WOS:000354751400003 ER PT J AU Kolel-Veetil, MK Goswami, R Fears, KP Qadri, SB Lambrakos, SG Laskoski, M Keller, TM Saab, AP AF Kolel-Veetil, Manoj K. Goswami, Ramasis Fears, Kenan P. Qadri, Syed B. Lambrakos, Samuel G. Laskoski, Matthew Keller, Teddy M. Saab, Andrew P. TI Formation and Stability of Metastable Tungsten Carbide Nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE alkyne; ethynyl; tungsten carbide; WC; W2C; core-shell ID LOW-TEMPERATURE; METALS; ROUTE; FILMS AB The low temperature transformation pathways of tungsten carbide formation in the nanoscale regime were investigated using a reactive carbon molecule and tungsten. WC core/W shell nanoparticles produced by the decomposition of metastable W2C were discovered using TEM. XRD studies revealed both the elemental and carbide phases of tungsten. It was observed that the metastable W2C phase can be stabilized at RT by carbon encapsulation. These findings open new avenues to access core-shell morphologies of refractory carbides and to stabilize W2C nanoparticles at RT. C1 [Kolel-Veetil, Manoj K.; Fears, Kenan P.; Laskoski, Matthew; Keller, Teddy M.; Saab, Andrew P.] US Navy, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Goswami, Ramasis; Qadri, Syed B.; Lambrakos, Samuel G.] US Navy, Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kolel-Veetil, MK (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM manoj.kolel-veetil@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX The authors wish to acknowledge the Office of Naval Research (ONR) for the financial support of this work. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 EI 1544-1024 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 24 IS 5 BP 2060 EP 2066 DI 10.1007/s11665-015-1476-3 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA CI6SM UT WOS:000354891700030 ER PT J AU Colosi, JA AF Colosi, John A. TI A reformulation of the Lambda-Phi diagram for the prediction of ocean acoustic fluctuation regimes SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; MUTUAL COHERENCE FUNCTIONS; SOUND-SPEED FLUCTUATIONS; BROAD-BAND TRANSMISSIONS; PATH-INTEGRAL TREATMENT; PROPAGATION EXPERIMENT; RANDOM-MEDIA; AFAR MEASUREMENTS; INTERNAL WAVES; PHILIPPINE SEA AB The Lambda - Phi diagram was a tool introduced in the late 1970s to predict ocean acoustic fluctuation regimes termed unsaturated, partially saturated, and fully saturated, where internal wave sound speed fluctuations play a dominant role. The Lambda - Phi parameters reflect, respectively, the strength of diffraction and the root-mean-square phase fluctuation along a ray path. Oceanographic knowledge of the small scale part of the internal wave spectrum and high angle Fresnel zone formulations now allow a more stable and accurate calculation of these parameters. An empirical relation between the variance of log-intensity and Lambda - Phi provides a more accurate border between the unsaturated regime and stronger fluctuations. The diagram is consistent with six short range, deep water experiments in the Pacific, Atlantic, and Arctic oceans with frequencies ranging from 75 to 16 000 Hz. The utility of the Lambda - Phi diagram is that it provides one of the few means to inter-compare experiments at different geographic locations, and at different frequencies and ranges. C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Colosi, JA (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jacolosi@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 137 IS 5 BP 2485 EP 2494 DI 10.1121/1.4916695 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA CI7RU UT WOS:000354962900006 PM 25994681 ER PT J AU Giorli, G Au, WWL Ou, H Jarvis, S Morrissey, R Moretti, D AF Giorli, Giacomo Au, Whitlow W. L. Ou, Hui Jarvis, Susan Morrissey, Ronald Moretti, David TI Acoustic detection of biosonar activity of deep diving odontocetes at Josephine Seamount High Seas Marine Protected Area SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID WHALES PHYSETER-MACROCEPHALUS; BLAINVILLES BEAKED-WHALES; FINNED PILOT WHALES; ECHOLOCATION CLICKS; SPERM-WHALES; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; DENSITY-ESTIMATION; HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; BEHAVIOR; SENSORS AB The temporal occurrence of deep diving cetaceans in the Josephine Seamount High Seas Marine Protected Area (JSHSMPA), south-west Portugal, was monitored using a passive acoustic recorder. The recorder was deployed on 13 May 2010 at a depth of 814m during the North Atlantic Treaty Organization Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation cruise "Sirena10" and recovered on 6 June 2010. The recorder was programmed to record 40 s of data every 2 min. Acoustic data analysis, for the detection and classification of echolocation clicks, was performed using automatic detector/classification systems: M3R (Marine Mammal Monitoring on Navy Ranges), a custom MATLAB program, and an operator-supervised custom MATLAB program to assess the classification performance of the detector/classification systems. M3R CS-SVM algorithm contains templates to detect beaked whales, sperm whales, blackfish (pilot and false killer whales), and Risso's dolphins. The detections of each group of odontocetes was monitored as a function of time. Blackfish and Risso's dolphins were detected every day, while beaked whales and sperm whales were detected almost every day. The hourly distribution of detections reveals that blackfish and Risso's dolphins were more active at night, while beaked whales and sperm whales were more active during daylight hours. (C) 2015 Acoustical Society of America. C1 [Giorli, Giacomo] Univ Hawaii, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Giorli, Giacomo; Au, Whitlow W. L.; Ou, Hui] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96734 USA. [Jarvis, Susan; Morrissey, Ronald; Moretti, David] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Giorli, G (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Dept Oceanog, 1000 Pope Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM wau@hawaii.edu FU NATO CREM; Office of Naval Research FX This study was possible thanks to NATO CREM funding support. We would like to thank Jeff Haun, Luigi Troiano, Marco Carta, Arnold B-Nagy, and Walter Zimmer at NATO CREM for their logistic support during the Sirena10 cruise. This work was also supported by a grant from the Office of Naval Research with Michael Weise as the program manager. We thank Dr. Marc Lammers who assisted in introducing the use of EARs to NATO CREM by flying and transporting an EAR to La Spezia, Italy, and Dr. Anna Neuheimer for her suggestions about statistical tests. This is HIMB contribution 1620 and SOEST contribution 9291. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 34 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 137 IS 5 BP 2495 EP 2501 DI 10.1121/1.4919291 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA CI7RU UT WOS:000354962900007 PM 25994682 ER PT J AU Baggenstoss, PM AF Baggenstoss, Paul M. TI A multi-hypothesis tracker for clicking whales SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID TIME 3D TRACKING; SPERM-WHALES; HYDROPHONE ARRAY; BEAM PATTERN; ECHO-ROBUST; LOCALIZATION; DIFFERENCE; ALGORITHM; ARRIVAL AB This paper describes a tracker specially designed to track clicking beaked whales using widely spaced bottom-mounted hydrophones, although it can be adapted to different species and sensors. The input to the tracker is a sequence of static localization solutions obtained using time difference of arrival information at widely spaced hydrophones. To effectively handle input localizations with high ambiguity, the tracker is based on multi-hypothesis tracker concepts, so it considers all potential association hypotheses and keeps a large number of potential tracks in memory. The method is demonstrated on actual data and shown to successfully track multiple beaked whales at depth. C1 Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Baggenstoss, PM (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Dept 1511,1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM p.m.baggenstoss@ieee.org FU Office of Naval Research FX We would like to acknowledge the Office of Naval Research for funding provided through the Advanced Detection, Classification, and Localization program (ADCL) which supported this research. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 137 IS 5 BP 2552 EP 2562 DI 10.1121/1.4919370 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA CI7RU UT WOS:000354962900013 PM 25994688 ER PT J AU Hayward, TJ AF Hayward, Thomas J. TI Information-theoretic analysis of iterated Bayesian acoustic source localization in a static ocean waveguide SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENT; FOCALIZATION; INVERSION; TRACKING AB Fundamental constructs of information theory are applied to quantify the performance of iterated (sequential) Bayesian localization of a time-harmonic source in a range-and time-invariant acoustic waveguide using the segmented Fourier transforms of the received pressure time series. The nonlinear relation, defined by acoustic propagation, between the source location and the received narrowband spectral components is treated as a nonlinear communication channel. The performance analysis includes mismatch between the acoustic channel and the model channel on which the Bayesian inference is based. Source location uncertainty is quantified by the posterior probability density of source location, by the posterior entropy and associated uncertainty area, by the information gain (relative entropy) at each iteration, and by large-ensemble limits of these quantities. A computational example for a vertical receiver array in a shallow-water waveguide is presented with acoustic propagation represented by normal modes and ambient noise represented by a Kuperman-Ingenito model. Performance degradation due to noise-model mismatch is quantified in an example. Potential extensions to uncertain and stochastic environments are discussed. C1 Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hayward, TJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM thomas.hayward@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The author acknowledges many original and insightful ideas of Richard Pitre on the application of information theory to underwater acoustics. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 137 IS 5 BP 2758 EP 2772 DI 10.1121/1.4919294 PG 15 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA CI7RU UT WOS:000354962900029 PM 25994704 ER PT J AU Raghukumar, K Colosi, JA AF Raghukumar, Kaustubha Colosi, John A. TI High-frequency normal-mode statistics in shallow water: The combined effect of random surface and internal waves SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SEA-SURFACE; ROUGH BOUNDARIES; TRANSPORT-THEORY; ENERGY-TRANSFER; RANDOM OCEAN; SCATTERING; AMPLITUDES; PROPAGATION; COHERENCE; FLUCTUATIONS AB In an earlier article, the statistical properties of mode propagation were studied at a frequency of 1 kHz in a shallow water environment with random sound-speed perturbations from linear internal waves, using a hybrid transport theory and Monte Carlo numerical simulations. Here, the analysis is extended to include the effects of random linear surface waves, in isolation and in combination with internal waves. Mode coupling rates for both surface and internal waves are found to be significant, but strongly dependent on mode number. Mode phase randomization by surface waves is found to be dominated by coupling effects, and therefore a full transport theory treatment of the range evolution of the cross mode coherence matrix is needed. The second-moment of mode amplitudes is calculated using transport theory, thereby providing the mean intensity while the fourth-moment is calculated using Monte Carlo simulations, which provides the scintillation index. The transport theory results for second-moment statistics are shown to closely reproduce Monte Carlo simulations. Both surface waves and internal waves strongly influence the acoustic field fluctuations. (C) 2015 Acoustical Society of America. C1 [Raghukumar, Kaustubha; Colosi, John A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Raghukumar, K (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM kraghuku@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research; National Academy of Sciences through the National Research Council FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. K.R. is grateful to the National Academy of Sciences for support through the National Research Council research associateship program. The authors thank Frank Henyey at the Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, for several useful discussions and his assistance with the Monte Carlo simulations. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 9 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 137 IS 5 BP 2950 EP 2961 DI 10.1121/1.4919358 PG 12 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA CI7RU UT WOS:000354962900046 PM 25994721 ER PT J AU Myers, SH Huhman, BM AF Myers, Seth H. Huhman, Brett M. TI Enabling Scientific Collaboration and Discovery Through the Use of Data Standardization SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Data management; data models; railguns; standardization AB The Railgun Data Format Standard (RDFS) provides a flexible format for the archival of electromagnetic railgun (EMRG) laboratory test data. This effort utilizes the hierarchical data format version 5 for the data model and file format, as well as extensible markup language for data structure and data type encapsulation. The RDFS was developed through a collaborative effort within the Office of Naval Research (ONR) EMRG program, including members from the Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren, the Naval Research Laboratory, and the Institute for Advanced Technology. The intent behind the RDFS is to facilitate collaborative data sharing among EMRG researchers through the standardization of EMRG test data archives. The structure of the RDFS is discussed, along with details on its implementation and use within the ONR EMRG community. C1 [Myers, Seth H.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Dahlgren Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. [Huhman, Brett M.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Myers, SH (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Dahlgren Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. EM seth.h.myers@navy.mil; brett.huhman@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA, USA FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 43 IS 5 SI SI BP 1190 EP 1193 DI 10.1109/TPS.2015.2405256 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA CH9PT UT WOS:000354368900015 ER PT J AU Engel, TG Timpson, EJ Veracka, MJ AF Engel, Thomas G. Timpson, Erik J. Veracka, Michael J. TI Demonstration of a Reversible Helical Electromagnetic Launcher and Its Use as an Electronically Programmable Mechanical Shock Tester SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Coilguns; electromagnetic launching; linear motors; railguns ID RAILGUN; EFFICIENCY; SPACE AB A reversible helical electromagnetic launcher (R-HEML) that is able to accelerate and decelerate a projectile is presented and discussed. The R-HEML in this paper has a hollow-projectile geometry and has a barrel length of 750 mm and a bore diameter of 40 mm. The R-HEML is powered by a three-module sequentially fired capacitive pulse-forming network that has a total energy storage of 1 MJ. The projectile mass is typically on the order of 700 g. The largest measured acceleration is 8000 m/s(2), and the largest measured deceleration is 15 000 m/s(2). Pulselengths for the acceleration and deceleration pulses varied from 5 to 14.5 ms. A modified version of the R-HEML is constructed and used in an industrial setting to generate high-g shock and vibration pulses to characterize materials and devices. Utilization of the R-HEML in this manner is one of the first industrial applications of an electromagnetic launcher. C1 [Engel, Thomas G.] Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Timpson, Erik J.] Honeywell Fed Mfg & Technol, Kansas City, MO 64147 USA. [Veracka, Michael J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Engel, TG (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM engelt@missouri.edu; etimpson@kcp.com; michael.veracka@nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA [N00173-02-C-2012]; National Nuclear Security Agency Kansas City Plant, Honeywell Federal Manufacturing and Technologies, Kansas City, MO, USA under U.S. Department of Energy [DE-NA-0000622] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA, under Contract N00173-02-C-2012 and in part by the National Nuclear Security Agency Kansas City Plant, Honeywell Federal Manufacturing and Technologies, Kansas City, MO, USA, under Contract DE-NA-0000622 through the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 43 IS 5 SI SI BP 1266 EP 1270 DI 10.1109/TPS.2015.2417056 PN 1 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA CH9PT UT WOS:000354368900029 ER PT J AU Engel, TG Veracka, MJ AF Engel, Thomas G. Veracka, Michael J. TI The Voltage-Current Scaling Relationship and Impedance of DC Electromagnetic Launchers SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Coilguns; electromagnetic launching; linear motors; railguns ID RAILGUN; EFFICIENCY AB Electromagnetic launchers (EMLs) including railguns, helical guns, and coilguns have been proposed for numerous applications. However, the scaling characteristics of EMLs are unknown. This paper examines the nonlinear operating characteristics of EMLs and derives the operating voltage and current scaling relationships as determined by the mass and velocity of the projectile and the length of the launcher. The scaling relationship is derived using the kinetic power relationship common to all types of EMLs. The scaling relationship is expressed as a simple function of the projectile velocity, projectile mass, and launcher length. This paper also defines the impedance of an EML. The accuracy of the scaling relationship and the EML impedance are verified in a comparison with the experimental results of practical EMLs. The effects of resistive losses and inductive energy storage on the scaling relationship are included in the analysis. C1 [Engel, Thomas G.] Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Veracka, Michael J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Engel, TG (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM engelt@missouri.edu; veracka@nrl.navy.mil NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 43 IS 5 SI SI BP 1271 EP 1276 DI 10.1109/TPS.2015.2418053 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA CH9PT UT WOS:000354368900030 ER PT J AU Douglass, SR Reid, RR Meger, RA Neri, JM Cairns, RL Carney, C Huhman, BM AF Douglass, Scott R. Reid, Remington R. Meger, Robert A. Neri, Jesse M. Cairns, Richard L., III Carney, Carl Huhman, Brett M. TI Diagnostics for Kinematics on MTF at NRL SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Acceleration; B-dots; flux ladder; flux loop; kinematics; position; railgun diagnostics; velocity ID RAILGUNS AB The Material Test Facility (MTF) houses a medium-caliber electromagnetic (EM) railgun that is designed for ease of access. As such, it is ideal for developing diagnostics for measuring the performance of EM launchers. Multiple in situ diagnostics have been fielded on the MTF railgun including field sensors for position location and thermal sensors. Kinematics of the launch package are of particular interest. B-dot loops are the usual method, but many such B-dots are required to obtain a detailed evolution of position and velocity. This requires many channels and consumes data acquisition resources. Naval Research Lab (NRL) has developed several versions of a flux ladder diagnostic, which include many pick-up loops on one data channel. Some versions have multiple flux ladders interleaved to maintain pulse separation in a single channel, but which increase the overall spatial resolution. A typical MTF configuration has 58 positions monitored in just three channels. Careful processing has yielded velocity and even acceleration. NRL is also developing a flux loop diagnostic that has the potential for continuous kinematics with the time resolution of the digital sampling rate. However, flux loops are more sensitive to spurious signal sources. Preliminary flux loop results are presented. C1 [Douglass, Scott R.; Meger, Robert A.; Neri, Jesse M.; Carney, Carl; Huhman, Brett M.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Reid, Remington R.; Cairns, Richard L., III] Sotera Def Solut, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. RP Douglass, SR (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM scott.douglass@nrl.navy.mil; remington.reid.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; robert.meger@nrl.navy.mil; jesse.neri@nrl.navy.mil; richard.cairns.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; carl.carney@nrl.navy.mil; brett.huhman@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA, USA; Naval Research Laboratory Base Program FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA, USA, and in part by the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 43 IS 5 SI SI BP 1293 EP 1301 DI 10.1109/TPS.2015.2404797 PN 1 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA CH9PT UT WOS:000354368900034 ER PT J AU Hoffman, RB Haran, TL James, JC Vaughan, RB Lamb, CW Meraz, N AF Hoffman, Ryan B. Haran, Terence L. James, Jonathan Christopher Vaughan, R. Brandon Lamb, Cody W. Meraz, Nathan TI In Situ Measurement of Strain and Temperature for Railgun Launcher Diagnostics SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Optical fiber sensors; railguns; strain measurement; temperature measurement ID THERMOMETRY AB The challenging physical environment associated with electromagnetic launchers (EMLs) makes reliable in situ measurements of physical parameters particularly difficult. The resulting lack of data hinders the validation of simulation codes that are used to support the design of new EMLs. As a result, there have been substantial efforts to develop new instrumentation that is compatible with the harsh environment of an EML. This paper will describe recent developments from Georgia Tech and U.S. Navy research to improve instrumentation capabilities for temperature and strain. C1 [Hoffman, Ryan B.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. [Haran, Terence L.; James, Jonathan Christopher; Vaughan, R. Brandon; Lamb, Cody W.; Meraz, Nathan] Georgia Tech Res Inst, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Hoffman, RB (reprint author), Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. EM ryan.hoffman@navy.mil; terence.haran@gtri.gatech.edu FU Office of Naval Research [HC1047-05-D-4000] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract HC1047-05-D-4000. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 43 IS 5 SI SI BP 1302 EP 1309 DI 10.1109/TPS.2014.2383612 PN 1 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA CH9PT UT WOS:000354368900035 ER PT J AU Cohen, IJ Wetz, DA Heinzel, JM Dong, Q AF Cohen, Isaac Jacob Wetz, David Alan, Jr. Heinzel, John M. Dong, Qing TI Design and Characterization of an Actively Controlled Hybrid Energy Storage Module for High-Rate Directed Energy Applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Energy storage; lithium batteries; supercapacitors; power electronics AB There is considerable need for a mobile, reliable, efficient, and compact prime power supply for a host of applications, including directed energy and electrical grid backup among others. Electrochemical energy storage devices, which possess either high-power density or high-energy density, have been developed recently and are very applicable for use in these applications. The need for both high energy and high power, however, makes the design and implementation of such a prime power supply a nontrivial task. While lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are available, which possess both high power and energy density, operation at high power reduces their cycle life, decreasing the reliability and increasing the cost of the system when replacement becomes necessary more frequently. One proposed method involves optimally combining high-energy batteries with high-power electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs) using actively controlled power electronics to regulate the current to and from each respective device. In such a scheme, energy can be slowly sourced to and from the batteries, while the capacitors are used to supply or accept the bulk of the current when the demand is high, especially during fast transients. This type of scheme should not only maximize the batteries' cycle life and ensure that both the energy and power required of the load(s) is always available, but will also increase the instantaneous power capabilities of the system, offering a well-rounded solution to sourcing steady and/or transient loads. When augmenting a fossil fuel generator with a hybrid energy storage module (HESM), the HESM has the ability to act as a high-energy reservoir that can harvest energy from the generator when the loads are in short periods of inactivity. This enables the generator to be continuously base loaded, thereby maintaining a high level of efficiency at all times, while theoretically maintaining the required power quality of the main ac bus. At the University of Texas at Arlington (UTA), an actively controlled, high-rate HESM has been constructed to evaluate its performance under the typical load condition presented by directed energy weapons. It has been assembled using LIBs, EDLCs, and commercial off-the-shelf power electronic converters. A discussion about the future of HESMs, the experimental setup at UTA, and the results obtained thus far will be presented here. C1 [Cohen, Isaac Jacob; Wetz, David Alan, Jr.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Elect Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Heinzel, John M.; Dong, Qing] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA. RP Cohen, IJ (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Elect Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. EM isaac.cohen@mavs.uta.edu; wetz@uta.edu; john.heinzel@navy.mil; qing.dong@navy.mil FU U.S. Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA, USA [N00014-11-1-0659, N00014-14-1-0267] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA, USA, under Contract N00014-11-1-0659 and Contract N00014-14-1-0267. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 43 IS 5 SI SI BP 1427 EP 1433 DI 10.1109/TPS.2014.2370053 PN 1 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA CH9PT UT WOS:000354368900056 ER PT J AU Wetz, DA Shrestha, B Donahue, ST Wong, DN Martin, MJ Heinzel, J AF Wetz, David Alan Shrestha, Biju Donahue, Simon T. Wong, Derek Nathan Martin, Matthew Jene Heinzel, John TI Capacity Fade of 26650 Lithium-Ion Phosphate Batteries Considered for Use Within a Pulsed-Power System's Prime Power Supply SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Batteries; electrochemical devices; energy storage; pulse power systems ID AGING MECHANISMS; CYCLE-LIFE; CELLS; DEGRADATION AB There is considerable need for a mobile, reliable, efficient, and compact prime power supply for use in a host of directed energy applications. Recent improvements in the energy and power density of electrochemical lithium-ion batteries have made them a very viable option for these types of applications where fast and rep-rate operation is of interest. Despite the proven ability of lithium-ion batteries to source high currents, it is still unclear how they age when they are used to repeatedly source high-rate currents in a pulsed manner, as they must when used in a repetitive rate prime power supply. Similarly, it is unclear how elevated rate recharge affects the life of the battery. Research has been performed at University of Texas at Arlington in which high-power, 2.6 Ah lithium-ion batteries have been repeatedly discharged and recharged at high pulsed rates. This paper will discuss the potential of lithium-ion batteries for use in these applications and will present experimental results performed when two 2.6 Ah cells were both discharged at 28 A (10.8C) and recharged at 9 A (3.5C) to 2.5 and 2.0 V, respectively. C1 [Wetz, David Alan; Shrestha, Biju; Donahue, Simon T.; Martin, Matthew Jene] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Elect Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Wong, Derek Nathan] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Heinzel, John] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA. RP Wetz, DA (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Elect Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. EM wetz@uta.edu; biju.shrestha@mavs.uta.edu; simon.donahue@mavs.uta.edu; matthewm@uta.edu; derek.wong@mavs.uta.edu; john.heinzel@navy.mil FU ONR FX The authors would like to thank ONR for their continued support. The authors also would like to thank J. Hanhart and B. Depoy of the UT Arlington Physics Machine Shop. Without their time and support in getting the experimental setups constructed, this paper would only be thoughts on paper. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the US Office of Naval Research. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 43 IS 5 SI SI BP 1448 EP 1455 DI 10.1109/TPS.2015.2403301 PN 1 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA CH9PT UT WOS:000354368900059 ER PT J AU Michopoulos, JG Young, M Iliopoulos, A AF Michopoulos, John G. Young, Marcus Iliopoulos, Athanasios TI A Multiphysics Theory for the Static Contact of Deformable Conductors With Fractal Rough Surfaces SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Conductors; contact resistance; current; electric potential; electromechanical systems; finite element analysis; fractals; numerical analysis; rough surfaces; surface roughness; temperature; temperature dependence; thermal conductivity; thermal expansion; thermal stresses; thermoelasticity; thermoelectricity ID INTERFACIAL TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION; WEIERSTRASS-MANDELBROT FUNCTION; SLOW SLIDING REGIME; RESISTANCE; MODEL AB In this paper, we present a multifield and multiscale theory leading to derivations of electric and thermal conductivities for the interface between two rough surfaces in contact, activated by mechanical load and electric current pulses. At the macroscale, the proposed approach involves multifield coupling of conduction and induction currents, with heat conduction induced by joule heating. The structural mechanics of the conducting materials are also considered. At the mesoscale and microscale, the theory contains a Weierstrass-Mandelbrot description of the rough contact surface profilometry and an asperity-based comprehensive model, respectively. They are both combined to derive homogenized macroscale properties for the interface boundary. The mechanical pressure and the repulsion effect from electric current through the microcontacts are accounted for as well. The results of the numerical analysis illustrate the dependence of the derived properties on the surface characteristics, external load, and electric current. Finally, the entire framework is applied to an actual conductor configuration of hollow cylinders under compression and a high current pulse to demonstrate the feasibility of the entire approach. In addition to providing typical simulation results for all selected fields present during the experiment, we also provide a comparison between the experimentally acquired resistance and the numerically derived resistance to validate the contact theory. C1 [Michopoulos, John G.; Iliopoulos, Athanasios] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Young, Marcus] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Iliopoulos, Athanasios] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Michopoulos, JG (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.michopoulos@nrl.navy.mil; marcus.m.young@navy.mil; athana-sios.iliopoulos.ctr.gr@nrl.navy.mil RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 FU Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA FX This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA, under Grant 6.1 core funding. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 43 IS 5 SI SI BP 1597 EP 1610 DI 10.1109/TPS.2015.2416980 PN 1 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA CH9PT UT WOS:000354368900083 ER PT J AU Bankert, RL Solbrig, JE AF Bankert, Richard L. Solbrig, Jeremy E. TI Cluster Analysis of A-Train Data: Approximating the Vertical Cloud Structure of Oceanic Cloud Regimes SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Clouds; Data mining; Satellite observations; Classification ID SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; IDENTIFICATION AB Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data continue to provide a wealth of two-dimensional, cloud-top information and derived environmental products. In addition, the A-Train constellation of satellites presents an opportunity to combine MODIS data with coincident vertical-profile data collected from sensors on CloudSat and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO). Approximating the vertical structure of clouds in data-sparse regions can be accomplished through a two-step process that consists of cluster analysis of MODIS data and quantitative analysis of coincident vertical-profile data. Daytime data over the eastern North Pacific Ocean are used in this study for both the summer (June-August) and winter (December-February) seasons in separate cluster analyses. A-Train data from 2006 to 2009 are collected, and a K-means cluster analysis is applied to selected MODIS data that are coincident with single-layer clouds found in the CloudSat/CALIPSO (GEOPROF-lidar) data. The resultant clusters, 16 in both summer and winter, are quantified in terms of average cloud-base height, cloud-top height, and normalized cloud water content profile. A cluster and its quantified characteristics can then be assigned to a given pixel in near real-time MODIS data, regardless of its proximity to the observed vertical-profile data. When applied to a two-dimensional MODIS dataset, these assigned clusters can provide an approximate three-dimensional representation of the cloud scene. C1 [Bankert, Richard L.; Solbrig, Jeremy E.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Bankert, RL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM rich.bankert@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research under Program Element [0602435N] FX The support of the research sponsor, the Office of Naval Research under Program Element 0602435N, is greatly appreciated. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 EI 1558-8432 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 54 IS 5 BP 996 EP 1008 DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-14-0227.1 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CI2FI UT WOS:000354560200006 ER PT J AU Wolfe, T Lee, YT Slipper, ME AF Wolfe, Tristan Lee, Yu-Tai Slipper, Michael E. TI A Performance Prediction Model for Low-Speed Centrifugal Fans SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID COMPRESSORS AB A generalized model for mapping the trend of the performance characteristics of a double-discharge centrifugal fan is developed based on the work by Casey and Robinson (C&R), which formulated compressor performance maps for tip-speed Mach numbers ranging from 0.4 to 2 using test data obtained from turbochargers with vaneless diffusers. The current paper focuses on low-speed applications for Mach number below 0.4. The C&R model uses four nondimensional parameters at the design condition including the flow coefficient, the work input coefficient, the tip-speed Mach number, and the polytropic efficiency, in developing a prediction model that requires limited geometrical knowledge of the centrifugal turbomachine. For the low-speed fan case, the C&R formulas are further extended to a low-speed, incompressible analysis. The effort described in this paper begins by comparing generalized results using efficiency data obtained from a series of fan measurements to that using the C&R model. For the efficiency map, the C&R model is found to heavily depend on the ratio of the flow coefficient at peak efficiency to that at the choke flow condition. Since choke flow is generally not applicable in the low-speed centrifugal fan operational environment, an alternate, but accurate estimation method based on fan free delivery derived from the fan test data is presented. Using this new estimation procedure, the modified C&R model predicts reasonably well using the double-discharge centrifugal fan data for high-flow coefficients, but fails to correlate with the data for low-flow coefficients. To address this undesirable characteristic, additional modifications to the C&R model are also presented for the fan application at low flow conditions. A Reynolds number correction is implemented in the work input prediction of the C&R model to account for low-speed test conditions. The new model provides reasonable prediction with the current fan data in both work input and pressure rise coefficients. Along with the developments for the efficiency and work input coefficient maps, the use of fan shut-off and free delivery conditions are also discussed for low-speed applications. C1 [Wolfe, Tristan; Slipper, Michael E.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Ships Syst Engn Stn, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA. [Lee, Yu-Tai] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Wolfe, T (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Ships Syst Engn Stn, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA. EM tristan.wolfe@navy.mil; yu.lee@navy.mil; michael.slipper@navy.mil FU Applied Research Program of the Office of Naval Research under an IAR Program; Naval Acquisition Intern Program (NAIP) FX The fan test data were collected under the support of the Office of Naval Research, Code 331's Seabase-to-Shore FNC Program. The ONR Program Manager was Dr. Ki-Han Kim. The developed model and preparation of the current paper were supported by the Applied Research Program of the Office of Naval Research administered at the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division under an IAR Program. While working on the modeling for this paper, the first author was initially under the support of the Naval Acquisition Intern Program (NAIP). NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 17 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0098-2202 EI 1528-901X J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD MAY PY 2015 VL 137 IS 5 AR 051106 DI 10.1115/1.4029397 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA CH3XX UT WOS:000353965600006 ER PT J AU Goel, AK Zhang, GB Wiltgen, B Zhang, YQ Vattam, S Yen, J AF Goel, Ashok K. Zhang, Gongbo Wiltgen, Bryan Zhang, Yuqi Vattam, Swaroop Yen, Jeannette TI On the benefits of digital libraries of case studies of analogical design: Documentation, access, analysis, and learning SO AI EDAM-ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR ENGINEERING DESIGN ANALYSIS AND MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article DE Analogical Design; Biologically Inspired Design; Biomimetics; Biomimicry; Case-Based Design; Design by Analogy; Design Education; Digital Library ID BIOMIMETICS; INNOVATION; CREATIVITY AB Digital libraries of case studies of analogical design have been popular since their advent in the early 1990s. We consider four benefits of digital libraries of case studies of analogical design in the context of biologically inspired design. First, a digital library affords documentation. The 83 case studies in our work come from 8 years of extended, collaborative design projects in an interdisciplinary class on biologically inspired design. Second, a digital library provides on-demand access to the case studies. We describe a web-based library of case studies of biologically inspired design called the Design Study Library (DSL). Third, a compilation of case studies supports analyses of broader patterns and trends. As an example, an analysis of DSL's case studies found that environmental sustainability was a major factor in about a third of the case studies and an explicit design goal in about a fourth. Fourth, a digital library of case studies can support analogical learning. Preliminary results from an exploratory study indicate that DSL may support novice learning about the processes of biologically inspired design. C1 [Goel, Ashok K.; Zhang, Gongbo; Wiltgen, Bryan; Zhang, Yuqi; Vattam, Swaroop] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Interact Comp, Design & Intelligence Lab, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Goel, Ashok K.; Yen, Jeannette] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Biol Inspired Design, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Vattam, Swaroop] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Goel, AK (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Interact Comp, Technol Sq Res Bldg,85 Fifth St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM goel@cc.gatech.edu FU US National Science Foundation [0855916]; TUES Grant [1022778] FX We are grateful to the instructors and students of the Georgia Tech ME/ISyE/MSE/BME/BIOL 4740 class from 2006 through 2013. We thank the US National Science Foundation for its support of this research through a CreativeIT Grant (0855916) and a TUES Grant (1022778). This work has benefited from discussions with our colleagues at Georgia Tech's Design & Intelligence Laboratory and Center for Biologically Inspired Design, especially Titilayo Craig, Michael Helms, and Spencer Rugaber. We note that this paper is a substantial revision and expansion of Goel, Zhang, et al. (2014) and that Section 4 revises and extends a similar analysis in Goel et al. (2011). Finally, we thank the three anonymous reviewers of earlier drafts of this paper: their detailed critiques significantly helped improve the quality of the paper. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0890-0604 EI 1469-1760 J9 AI EDAM JI AI EDAM-Artif. Intell. Eng. Des. Anal. Manuf. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 29 IS 2 SI SI BP 215 EP 227 DI 10.1017/S0890060415000086 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Manufacturing SC Computer Science; Engineering GA CH4VW UT WOS:000354032400008 ER PT J AU Landoni, M Massaro, F Paggi, A D'Abrusco, R Milisavljevic, D Masetti, N Smith, HA Tosti, G Chomiuk, L Strader, J Cheung, CC AF Landoni, M. Massaro, F. Paggi, A. D'Abrusco, R. Milisavljevic, D. Masetti, N. Smith, H. A. Tosti, G. Chomiuk, L. Strader, J. Cheung, C. C. TI OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS OF gamma-RAY BLAZAR CANDIDATES. III. THE 2013/2014 CAMPAIGN IN THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: general; galaxies: active; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; ALL-SKY SURVEY; FERMI UNASSOCIATED SOURCES; POINT-SOURCE CATALOG; RADIO PROPERTIES; DATA RELEASE; SAMPLE; COUNTERPARTS AB We report the results of our exploratory program carried out with the southern Astrophysical Research telescope aimed at associating counterparts and establishing the nature of the Fermi Unidentified gamma-ray Sources (UGSs). We selected the optical counterparts of six UGSs from the Fermi catalog on the basis of our recently discovered tight connection between infrared and gamma-ray emission found for the gamma-ray blazars detected by the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer in its all-sky survey. We perform for the first time a spectroscopic study of the low-energy counterparts of the Fermi UGSs, in the optical band, confirming the blazar-like nature of the whole sample. We also present new spectroscopic observations of six active galaxies of uncertain type associated with Fermi sources which appear to be BL Lac objects. Finally, we report the spectra collected for six known gamma-ray blazars belonging to the Roma BZCAT that were obtained to establish their nature or better estimate their redshifts. Two interesting cases of high redshift and extremely luminous BL Lac objects (z >= 1.18 and z >= 1.02, based on the detection of Mg II intervening systems) are also discussed. C1 [Landoni, M.] Osserv Astron Brera, INAF, I-23807 Merate, Italy. [Landoni, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. [Landoni, M.; Paggi, A.; D'Abrusco, R.; Milisavljevic, D.; Smith, H. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Massaro, F.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Massaro, F.] Univ Turin, Dipartmento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Masetti, N.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Bologna, INAF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartmento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Chomiuk, L.; Strader, J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Cheung, C. C.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Landoni, M (reprint author), Osserv Astron Brera, INAF, Via Emilio Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate, Italy. EM marco.landoni@brera.inaf.it RI D'Abrusco, Raffaele/L-2767-2016; Massaro, Francesco/L-9102-2016; Paggi, Alessandro/C-1219-2017 OI D'Abrusco, Raffaele/0000-0003-3073-0605; Massaro, Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850; Paggi, Alessandro/0000-0002-5646-2410 FU NASA [NNX12AO97G, NNX13AP20G, DPR S-15633-Y]; NASA/JPL grant RSAs [1369566, 1369556, 1369565]; ASI/INAF [I/005/12/0]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation FX This investigation is supported by the NASA grants NNX12AO97G and NNX13AP20G. H.A.S. acknowledges partial support from NASA/JPL grant RSAs 1369566, 1369556, and 1369565. The work by G. Tosti is supported by the ASI/INAF contract I/005/12/0 while work by C.C.C. at NRL is supported in part by NASA DPR S-15633-Y. We are grateful to Dr. S. Points for his help to schedule, prepare, and perform the SOAR observations. Part of this work is based on archival data, software, or online services provided by the ASI Science Data Center. This research has made use of data obtained from the high-energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) provided by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center; the SIMBAD database operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France; and the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Molonglo Observatory site manager, Duncan Campbell-Wilson, and the staff, Jeff Webb, Michael White, and John Barry, are responsible for the smooth operation of Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST) and the day-to-day observing programme of SUMSS. The SUMSS survey is dedicated to Michael Large whose expertise and vision made the project possible. MOST is operated by the School of Physics with the support of the Australian Research Council and the Science Foundation for Physics within the University of Sydney. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the USNOFS Image and Catalogue Archive operated by the United States Naval Observatory, Flagstaff Station (http://www.nofs.navy.mil/data/fchpix/). TOPCAT16 (Taylor 2005) for the preparation and manipulation of the tabular data and the images. NR 56 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 149 IS 5 AR 163 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/149/5/163 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH5HC UT WOS:000354065200014 ER PT J AU Warren, TC AF Warren, T. Camber TI Explosive connections? Mass media, social media, and the geography of collective violence in African states SO JOURNAL OF PEACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE civil conflict; communication; political violence; soft power; technology ID SPATIAL POINT PATTERNS; CIVIL-WAR; POLITICAL VIOLENCE; ETHNIC-GROUPS; CONFLICT; CAPACITY; SEVERITY; NETWORKS; DURATION; DATASET AB Growing evidence indicates that the diffusion of information and communication technologies (ICTs) can substantially alter the contours of collective violence in developing nations. However, empirical investigations of such effects have generally been hampered by an inability to systematically measure geographic variation in ICT penetration, across multiple technologies and multiple countries. In this article, I show that geo-referenced household surveys can be used to estimate subnational differences in the spatial reach of radio and cellular communications infrastructures in 24 African states. By combining these estimates with geo-referenced measures of the location of disaggregated events of collective violence, I show that there are important differences between centralized mass' communication technologies - such as radios - that foster vertical linkages between state and society, and decentralized social' communication technologies - such as cell phones - that foster horizontal linkages between the members of a society. The evidence demonstrates that the geographic reach of mass media penetration generates substantial pacifying effects, while the reach of social media penetration generates substantial increases in collective violence, especially in areas lacking access to mass media infrastructure. I argue that these findings are consistent with a theory of ICT effects which focuses on the strengthening and weakening of economies of scale in the marketplace of ideas. C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Warren, TC (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM camberw@gmail.com FU Center for Comparative and International Studies at ETH Zurich FX I would like to thank Lars-Erik Cederman, Erik Gartzke, Jason Lyall, Sebastian Schutte, Branislav Slantchev, and Nils Weidmann for providing helpful feedback on previous drafts of this article. This project also benefited greatly from the comments of discussants and participants at meetings of the American Political Science Association (APSA), the International Studies Association (ISA), UCSD's Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation, and the Workshop on Communication, Technology, and Political Conflict at Yale University. Portions of this research were funded by support from the Center for Comparative and International Studies at ETH Zurich. The opinions expressed are those of the author alone. NR 86 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 11 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0022-3433 EI 1460-3578 J9 J PEACE RES JI J. Peace Res. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 52 IS 3 SI SI BP 297 EP 311 DI 10.1177/0022343314558102 PG 15 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA CH6EF UT WOS:000354128400004 ER PT J AU Komaromi, WA Majumdar, SJ AF Komaromi, William A. Majumdar, Sharanya J. TI Ensemble-Based Error and Predictability Metrics Associated with Tropical Cyclogenesis. Part II: Wave-Relative Framework SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID GENESIS FORECASTS; KARL 2010; VORTEX AB The predictability of selected variables associated with tropical cyclogenesis is examined using 10-day ECMWF ensemble forecasts for 21 events from the 2010 Atlantic hurricane season. Variables are associated with the strength of the pregenesis disturbance, quantified via circulation and thickness anomaly, and the favorability of the immediate environment via moisture and vertical wind shear. For approximately half of the cases, the predicted strength of the genesis signal is directly related to the predicted favorability of the environment. For the remainder of the cases, predictability is more directly associated with the strength and location of the analyzed disturbance. Some commonalities among the majority of the sample are also observed. Forecast joint distributions demonstrate that 700-hPa relative humidity of less than 60% within 300 km of the circulation center is a limiting factor for genesis. Genesis is also predicted and found to occur in the presence of significant wind shear (similar to 15 m s(-1)), but almost exclusively when the core and environment of the wave are both very moist. The ensemble also demonstrates the potential to predict error standard deviation of variables averaged within 300- and 1000-km radii about individual tropical waves. Forecasts with greater ensemble standard deviation tend to be, on average, associated with greater mean error, especially for forecasts of less than 7 days. However, model biases, particularly a dry core and weak circulation bias, become pronounced at longer lead times. Overall, these results demonstrate that both the environmental conditions favorable to genesis and the genesis events themselves may be predictable to a week or more. C1 [Komaromi, William A.] CNR, Monterey, CA USA. [Majumdar, Sharanya J.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. RP Komaromi, WA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM william.komaromi.ctr@nrlmry.navy.mil FU National Research Council; National Science Foundation [ATM-0848753] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the National Research Council, as well as the National Science Foundation (Grant ATM-0848753). The authors thank Rich Rotunno and Chris Davis of NCAR, Ryan Torn of SUNY at Albany, and Brian Mapes and David Nolan of the University of Miami for their comments and suggestions on this study. We would also like to thank Jason Sippel and one anonymous reviewer, whose comments improved this paper. Last, we thank TIGGE for the availability of the data used in this study. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 143 IS 5 BP 1665 EP 1686 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-14-00286.1 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CH5RW UT WOS:000354094000011 ER PT J AU Lussier, LL Rutherford, B Montgomery, MT Boothe, MA Dunkerton, TJ AF Lussier, Louis L., III Rutherford, Blake Montgomery, Michael T. Boothe, Mark A. Dunkerton, Timothy J. TI Examining the Roles of the Easterly Wave Critical Layer and Vorticity Accretion during the Tropical Cyclogenesis of Hurricane Sandy SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID POTENTIAL VORTICITY; HADLEY CIRCULATION; CYCLONE; GENESIS; ITCZ; DEPRESSION; EVOLUTION; ATLANTIC; INTENSE; FLOWS AB The tropical cyclogenesis sequence of Hurricane Sandy is examined. It is shown that genesis occurs within a recirculating Kelvin cat's-eye flow of a westward-propagating tropical wave. The cat's-eye flow is able to provide a protective environment for the mesoscale vortex to grow and is characterized by gradual column moistening and increased areal coverage of deep cumulus convection. These findings are generally consistent with a recently proposed tropical cyclogenesis sequence referred to as the "marsupial paradigm.'' Sandy's cyclogenesis provides a useful illustration of the marsupial paradigm within a partially open recirculating region, with the opening located south of the pouch center. It is suggested that the opening acts to enhance the genesis process because it is adjacent to an environment characterized by warm, moist air, conditions favorable for tropical cyclogenesis. From a dynamical perspective, accretion of low-level cyclonic vorticity filaments into the developing vortex from several sources (the South American convergence zone, an easterly wave located west of the pre-Sandy wave, and cyclonic vorticity generated along Hispaniola) is documented. Organization and growth of the nascent storm is enhanced by this accretion of cyclonic vorticity. A Lagrangian trajectory analysis is used to assess potential contributions to Sandy's spinup from a Caribbean gyre and the easterly wave that formed Hurricane Tony. This analysis indicates that these features are outside of the Lagrangian flow boundaries that define the pre-Sandy wave and do not directly contribute to spinup of the vortex. Finally, the effectiveness of forecasts from the U.S. and European operational numerical weather prediction models is discussed for this case. C1 [Lussier, Louis L., III; Rutherford, Blake; Montgomery, Michael T.; Boothe, Mark A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Dunkerton, Timothy J.] NW Res Associates Inc, Bellevue, WA 98009 USA. RP Lussier, LL (reprint author), 10802 Airport Ct, Broomfield, CO 80021 USA. EM lussier@ucar.edu FU National Research Council (NRC); Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) in Monterey, California; NASA [NNH09AK561, NNG11PK021, NNG09HG031]; National Science Foundation NSF [AGS-0733380, AGS-0849356] FX The first two authors acknowledge the support from the National Research Council (NRC), through its Research Associateship Program, and the host institution, the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) in Monterey, California. ECMWF data are provided by Gerard Kilroy and Roger Smith from the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich and the Deutscher Wetterdienst. CIMMS TPW data are courtesy of Chris Velden. We thank John Knaff and three anonymous reviewers for their constructive feedback that has improved the content of this paper. The work of all authors was partially supported by NASA Grants NNH09AK561, NNG11PK021, and NNG09HG031 and by the National Science Foundation NSF AGS-0733380 and NSF AGS-0849356. Tim Dunkerton acknowledges NSF ATM-0851554. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 143 IS 5 BP 1703 EP 1722 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-14-00001.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CH5RW UT WOS:000354094000013 ER PT J AU Muscarella, P Carrier, MJ Ngodock, H Smith, S Lipphardt, BL Kirwan, AD Huntley, HS AF Muscarella, Philip Carrier, Matthew J. Ngodock, Hans Smith, Scott Lipphardt, B. L., Jr. Kirwan, A. D., Jr. Huntley, Helga S. TI Do Assimilated Drifter Velocities Improve Lagrangian Predictability in an Operational Ocean Model? SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; VARIATIONAL ASSIMILATION; SURFACE CURRENTS; CIRCULATION; SYSTEM; IMPACT; SEA AB The Lagrangian predictability of general circulation models is limited by the need for high-resolution data streams to constrain small-scale dynamical features. Here velocity observations from Lagrangian drifters deployed in the Gulf of Mexico during the summer 2012 Grand Lagrangian Deployment (GLAD) experiment are assimilated into the Naval Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) 4D variational (4DVAR) analysis system to examine their impact on Lagrangian predictability. NCOM-4DVAR is a weak-constraint assimilation system using the indirect representer method. Velocities derived from drifter trajectories, as well as satellite and in situ observations, are assimilated. Lagrangian forecast skill is assessed using separation distance and angular differences between simulated and observed trajectory positions. Results show that assimilating drifter velocities substantially improves the model forecast shape and position of a Loop Current ring. These gains in mesoscale Eulerian forecast skill also improve Lagrangian forecasts, reducing the growth rate of separation distances between observed and simulated drifters by approximately 7.3 km day (1) on average, when compared with forecasts that assimilate only temperature and salinity observations. Trajectory angular differences are also reduced. C1 [Muscarella, Philip; Carrier, Matthew J.; Ngodock, Hans; Smith, Scott] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39522 USA. [Lipphardt, B. L., Jr.; Kirwan, A. D., Jr.; Huntley, Helga S.] Univ Delaware, Sch Marine Sci & Policy, Newark, DE USA. RP Muscarella, P (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 1009 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39522 USA. EM philip.muscarella@nrlssc.navy.mil FU BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative; Office of Naval Research MURI OCEAN 3D+1 [N00014-11-1-0087] FX This research was made possible in part by a grant from BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative. B. L. Lipphardt Jr., H. S. Huntley, and A. D. Kirwan Jr. were also supported by the Office of Naval Research MURI OCEAN 3D+1 Grant N00014-11-1-0087. The authors thank CARTHE for providing the GLAD trajectories, and Emanuel Coelho for producing the velocities (derived from these trajectories) used here. Thanks to the CCAR for providing the SSH product in the Gulf of Mexico. We also thank Rich Pawlowicz for providing the freely available M_MAP Matlab toolbox used here. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 143 IS 5 BP 1822 EP 1832 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-14-00164.1 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CH5RW UT WOS:000354094000019 ER PT J AU McMorrow, D Wyche, MI Chou, PT Kasha, M AF McMorrow, Dale Wyche, Michon Irons Chou, Pi Tai Kasha, Michael TI On the Dual Phosphorescence of Xanthone and Chromone in Glassy Hydrocarbon Hosts SO PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTON-TRANSFER SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITED-STATE DYNAMICS; LOWEST TRIPLET-STATES; AROMATIC KETONES; 3-HYDROXYFLAVONE; SOLVENT; ABSORPTION; MOLECULES; PERTURBATIONS; 1-INDANONE AB Trace quantities of hydrogen-bonding impurities in otherwise highly purified and dried glassy hydrocarbon matrices at 77K can modify the relative triplet state energy levels, and hence the photophysical properties of two aromatic ketones, xanthone and chromone, to the extent that the intrinsic spectroscopic properties are obscured. The intrinsic spectroscopic properties of each are revealed in multicrystalline n-alkane Shpol'skii matrices, and also can be observed in rigorously purified and dried hydrocarbon glasses at 77K. The extreme sensitivity to stoichiometric, and even substoichiometric quantities of hydrogen-bonding impurities arises from the near-degeneracy of the two lowest-lying triplet states, and the sensitive nature of the n* blueshift phenomena to specific hydrogen-bonding interactions. C1 [McMorrow, Dale] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wyche, Michon Irons; Kasha, Michael] Florida State Univ, Dept Chem, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Wyche, Michon Irons; Kasha, Michael] Florida State Univ, Inst Mol Biophys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Wyche, Michon Irons] Xavier Univ Louisiana, New Orleans, LA USA. [Chou, Pi Tai] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Chem, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. RP McMorrow, D (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM dale.mcmorrow@nrl.navy.mil OI CHOU, PITAI/0000-0002-8925-7747 NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0031-8655 EI 1751-1097 J9 PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL JI Photochem. Photobiol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2015 VL 91 IS 3 BP 576 EP 585 DI 10.1111/php.12451 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA CH4DK UT WOS:000353981900011 PM 25772977 ER PT J AU Strader, J Chomiuk, L Cheung, CC Sand, DJ Donato, D Corbet, RHD Koeppe, D Edwards, PG Stevens, J Petrov, L Salinas, R Peacock, M Finzell, T Reichart, DE Haislip, JB AF Strader, Jay Chomiuk, Laura Cheung, C. C. Sand, David J. Donato, Davide Corbet, Robin H. D. Koeppe, Dana Edwards, Philip G. Stevens, Jamie Petrov, Leonid Salinas, Ricardo Peacock, Mark Finzell, Thomas Reichart, Daniel E. Haislip, Joshua B. TI 1FGL J1417.7-4407: A LIKELY GAMMA-RAY BRIGHT BINARY WITH A MASSIVE NEUTRON STAR AND A GIANT SECONDARY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE binaries: spectroscopic; gamma rays: general; pulsars: general; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: general ID 2ND SOURCE CATALOG; MILLISECOND PULSARS; XSS J12270-4859; EVOLUTION; SKY; COMPANIONS; SYSTEM; LINK AB We present multiwavelength observations of the persistent Fermi-Large Area Telescope unidentified gamma-ray source 1FGL J1417.7-4407, showing it is likely to be associated with a newly discovered X-ray binary containing a massive neutron star (nearly 2 M-circle dot) and a similar to 0.35 M-circle dot giant secondary with a 5.4 day period. SOAR optical spectroscopy at a range of orbital phases reveals variable double-peaked Ha emission, consistent with the presence of an accretion disk. The lack of radio emission and evidence for a disk suggests the gamma-ray emission is unlikely to originate in a pulsar magnetosphere, but could instead be associated with a pulsar wind, relativistic jet, or could be due to synchrotron self-Compton at the disk-magnetosphere boundary. Assuming a wind or jet, the high ratio of gamma-ray to X-ray luminosity (similar to 20) suggests efficient production of gamma-rays, perhaps due to the giant companion. The system appears to be a low-mass X-ray binary that has not yet completed the pulsar recycling process. This system is a good candidate to monitor for a future transition between accretion-powered and rotational-powered states, but in the context of a giant secondary. C1 [Strader, Jay; Chomiuk, Laura; Koeppe, Dana; Salinas, Ricardo; Peacock, Mark; Finzell, Thomas] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Cheung, C. C.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sand, David J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Donato, Davide; Corbet, Robin H. D.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Donato, Davide; Corbet, Robin H. D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Donato, Davide] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Donato, Davide] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Edwards, Philip G.; Stevens, Jamie] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Petrov, Leonid] Astrogeo Ctr, Falls Church, VA 22043 USA. [Reichart, Daniel E.; Haislip, Joshua B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Strader, J (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. OI Salinas, Ricardo/0000-0002-1206-1930 FU NSF [1066293]; NASA DPR [S-15633 Y]; ESO telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory [293.D-5029]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNG05GF22G]; U.S. National Science Foundation [AST-0909182, AST-1313422] FX We thank an anonymous referee for comments that significantly improved the paper. We thank the Aspen Center for Physics and the NSF Grant #1066293 for hospitality during the writing of this paper. We thank P. Groot, T. Tauris, T. Maccarone, S. Bogdanov, and C. Heinke for useful conversations, and M. Coe and G. McSwain for early discussions on possible follow-up. Work by C.C.C. at NRL is supported in part by NASA DPR S-15633 Y. Based on observations obtained at the Southern Astrophysical Research (SOAR) telescope, which is a joint project of the Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia, e Inovacao (MCTI) da Republica Federativa do Brasil, the U.S. National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), and Michigan State University (MSU). Also based on observations made with ESO telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under programme ID 293.D-5029. The scientific results reported in this article are based in part on data obtained from the Chandra Data Archive. This paper includes archived data obtained through the Australia Telescope Online Archive. The CSS survey is funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNG05GF22G issued through the Science Mission Directorate Near-earth Objects Observations Program. The CRTS survey is supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under grants AST-0909182 and AST-1313422. NR 58 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 1 AR L12 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/804/1/L12 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH1YK UT WOS:000353819400012 ER PT J AU Mac Donald, CL Adam, OR Johnson, AM Nelson, EC Werner, NJ Rivet, DJ Brody, DL AF Mac Donald, Christine L. Adam, Octavian R. Johnson, Ann M. Nelson, Elliot C. Werner, Nicole J. Rivet, Dennis J. Brody, David L. TI Acute post-traumatic stress symptoms and age predict outcome in military blast concussion SO BRAIN LA English DT Article DE traumatic brian injury; post-traumatic stress; clinical outcome; concussion ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; NEUROBEHAVIORAL RATING-SCALE; OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM; HEAD-INJURY; NOS-TBI; STRUCTURED INTERVIEWS; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; OEF/OIF VETERANS; NATIONAL-GUARD; MENTAL-HEALTH AB High rates of adverse outcomes have been reported following blast-related concussive traumatic brain injury in US military personnel, but the extent to which such adverse outcomes can be predicted acutely after injury is unknown. We performed a prospective, observational study of US military personnel with blast-related concussive traumatic brain injury (n = 38) and controls (n = 34) enrolled between March and September 2012. Importantly all subjects returned to duty and did not require evacuation. Subjects were evaluated acutely 0-7 days after injury at two sites in Afghanistan and again 6-12 months later in the United States. Acute assessments revealed heightened post-concussive, post-traumatic stress, and depressive symptoms along with worse cognitive performance in subjects with traumatic brain injury. At 6-12 months follow-up, 63% of subjects with traumatic brain injury and 20% of controls had moderate overall disability. Subjects with traumatic brain injury showed more severe neurobehavioural, post-traumatic stress and depression symptoms along with more frequent cognitive performance deficits and more substantial headache impairment than control subjects. Logistic regression modelling using only acute measures identified that a diagnosis of traumatic brain injury, older age, and more severe post-traumatic stress symptoms provided a good prediction of later adverse global outcomes (area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve = 0.84). Thus, US military personnel with concussive blast-related traumatic brain injury in Afghanistan who returned to duty still fared quite poorly on many clinical outcome measures 6-12 months after injury. Poor global outcome seems to be largely driven by psychological health measures, age, and traumatic brain injury status. The effects of early interventions and longer term implications of these findings are unknown. C1 [Mac Donald, Christine L.; Johnson, Ann M.; Nelson, Elliot C.; Werner, Nicole J.; Brody, David L.] Univ Washington, Dept Neurol Surg, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Adam, Octavian R.; Rivet, Dennis J.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Mac Donald, CL (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Neurol Surg, 325 9th Ave,Box 359924, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. EM cmacd@uw.edu FU Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program [PT090444] FX The study was funded by the Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program (PT090444 Supplement, PI: D. Brody). The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or U.S. Government. The principal investigators O. Adam, D. Brody and study director C. Mac Donald had full access to all of the data and take full responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the analysis. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the author and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense. NR 71 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0006-8950 EI 1460-2156 J9 BRAIN JI Brain PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 138 BP 1314 EP 1326 DI 10.1093/brain/awv038 PN 5 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA CH2DB UT WOS:000353834100019 PM 25740219 ER PT J AU Yuan, X Jiang, CM Shi, Y Hou, YT Lou, WJ Kompella, S Midkiff, SF AF Yuan, Xu Jiang, Canming Shi, Yi Hou, Y. Thomas Lou, Wenjing Kompella, Sastry Midkiff, Scott F. TI Toward Transparent Coexistence for Multihop Secondary Cognitive Radio Networks SO IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Spectrum sharing; coexistence; underlay; cognitive radio; multihop network; MIMO; interference cancelation ID WIRELESS NETWORKS; MIMO NETWORKS; TIME-DOMAIN; CHANNELS; SYSTEMS AB The dominate spectrum sharing paradigm of today is interference avoidance, where a secondary network can use the spectrum only when such a use is not interfering with the primary network. However, with the advances of physical-layer technologies, the mindset of this paradigm is being challenged. This paper explores a new paradigm called "transparent coexistence" for spectrum sharing between primary and secondary nodes in a multihop network environment. Under this paradigm, the secondary network is allowed to use the same spectrum simultaneously with the primary network as long as their activities are "transparent" (or "invisible") to the primary network. Such transparency is accomplished through a systematic interference cancelation (IC) by the secondary nodes without any impact on the primary network. Although such a paradigm has been studied in the information theory (IT) and communications (COMM) communities, it is not well understood in the wireless networking community, particularly for multihop networks. This paper offers an in-depth study of this paradigm in a multihop network environment and addresses issues such as scheduling (both in frequency channels and time slots) and IC (to/from primary network and within the secondary network). Through a rigorous modeling and formulation, problem formulation, solution development, and simulation results, we show that transparent coexistence paradigm offers significant improvement in terms of spectrum access and throughput performance as compared to the current prevailing interference avoidance paradigm. C1 [Yuan, Xu; Hou, Y. Thomas; Lou, Wenjing; Midkiff, Scott F.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Jiang, Canming] Shape Secur, Mountain View, CA 94040 USA. [Shi, Yi] Intelligent Automat Inc, Rockville, MD 20855 USA. [Kompella, Sastry] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yuan, X (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM xuy10@vt.edu; jcm@vt.edu; yshi@vt.edu; thou@vt.edu; wjlou@vt.edu; sastry.kompella@nrl.navy.mil; midkiff@vt.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF); Office of Naval Research (ONR); ONR FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and in part by the Office of Naval Research (ONR). Part of W. Lou's work was completed while she was serving as a Program Director at the NSF. The work of S. Kompella was supported in part by the ONR. Any opinion, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the views of the U.S. government. This paper was presented in part at the IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks (SECON), New Orleans, LA, USA, June 24-27, 2013. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0733-8716 EI 1558-0008 J9 IEEE J SEL AREA COMM JI IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 33 IS 5 BP 958 EP 971 DI 10.1109/JSAC.2014.2361090 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA CG8NU UT WOS:000353565800016 ER PT J AU Orji, U Sievenpiper, B Gerhard, K Leeb, SB Doerry, N Kirtley, JL McCoy, T AF Orji, Uzoma Sievenpiper, Bartholomew Gerhard, Katherine Leeb, Steven B. Doerry, Norbert Kirtley, James L., Jr. McCoy, Timothy TI Load Modeling For Power System Requirement and Capability Assessment SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Microgrids; power system dynamics; power systems analysis and computing; power systems planning; simulation AB Load modeling is essential for designing and operating power systems. This paper presents an approach for load modeling on smaller power systems that could be "islanded," an approach that preserves the detail of a full differential equation simulation of relevant loads while requiring far less computation by employing behavioral models of important loads. Mixed domain models, e.g., stochastic, finite-state machine, and differential equation models, are employed to provide accuracy in a computationally tractable framework. Where simple load models may not be adequate, particularly for generation-constrained systems (in a paper by Sotiropoulos et al.), and full models are computationally unfavorable, this approach provides excellent results that enable "what-if" studies and flexible re-evaluation during power system design and operational assessment. Naval vessels, particularly warships with relatively large and increasing load power requirements, offer a unique laboratory for understanding isolated power grids. This paper examines the DDG-51 power distribution system as an example. C1 [Orji, Uzoma; Leeb, Steven B.; Kirtley, James L., Jr.] MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Sievenpiper, Bartholomew] US Navy, Honolulu, HI 96860 USA. [Gerhard, Katherine] US Navy, Norfolk, VA 23505 USA. [Doerry, Norbert] US Navy NAVSEA, Washington, DC 20376 USA. [McCoy, Timothy] Elect Ships Off PMS 320, Washington, DC USA. [McCoy, Timothy] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. [McCoy, Timothy] ASNE, Oslo, Norway. [McCoy, Timothy] IMarEST, London, England. [McCoy, Timothy] SNAME, Zografos, Greece. RP Orji, U (reprint author), MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. FU Grainger Foundation; NAVSEA [PMS 320]; Office of Naval Research Structural Acoustics Program FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support and advice of The Grainger Foundation, NAVSEA PMS 320, and the Office of Naval Research Structural Acoustics Program. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-8950 EI 1558-0679 J9 IEEE T POWER SYST JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 30 IS 3 BP 1415 EP 1423 DI 10.1109/TPWRS.2014.2348531 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA CG9MX UT WOS:000353641000030 ER PT J AU Yang, YT Kuo, HC Hendricks, EA Liu, YC Peng, MS AF Yang, Yi-Ting Kuo, Hung-Chi Hendricks, Eric A. Liu, Yi-Chin Peng, Melinda S. TI Relationship between Typhoons with Concentric Eyewalls and ENSO in the Western North Pacific Basin SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL CYCLONE INTENSITY; EL-NINO; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; RAPID FILAMENTATION; STORM FORMATION; EVENTS; EYE; SIMULATION; GENESIS; VORTEX AB The typhoons with concentric eyewalls (CE) over the western North Pacific in different phases of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) between 1997 and 2012 are studied. They find a good correlation (0.72) between the annual CE typhoon number and the oceanic Nino index (ONI), with most of the CE typhoons occurring in the warm and neutral episodes. In the warm (neutral) episode, 55% (50%) of the typhoons possessed a CE structure. In contrast, only 25% of the typhoons possessed a CE structure in the cold episode. The CE formation frequency is also significantly different with 0.9 (0.2) CEs per month in the warm (cold) episode. There are more long-lived CE cases (CE structure maintained more than 20 h) and typhoons with multiple CE formations in the warm episodes. There are no typhoons with multiple CE formations in the cold episode. The warm episode CE typhoons generally have a larger size, stronger intensity, and smaller variation in convective activity and intensity. This may be due to the fact that the CE formation location is farther east in the warm episodes. Shifts in CE typhoon location with favorable conditions thus produce long-lived CE typhoons and multiple CE formations. The multiple CE formations may lead to expansion of the typhoon size. C1 [Yang, Yi-Ting] Off Disaster Management, New Taipei City, Taiwan. [Kuo, Hung-Chi] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Hendricks, Eric A.; Peng, Melinda S.] Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. [Liu, Yi-Chin] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kuo, HC (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, 1,Sec 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. EM kuo@as.ntu.edu.tw OI KUO, HUNG-CHI/0000-0001-9102-5104 FU Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [MOST 103-2111-M-002-010, MOST 103-2625-M-002-003, MOST 100-2111-M-002-004-MY3, NTU-CESRP-103R7604-1]; U.S. Office of Naval Research NICOP [N62909-11-1-7096] FX This research is sponsored by Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, under Grants MOST 103-2111-M-002-010, MOST 103-2625-M-002-003, MOST 100-2111-M-002-004-MY3, and NTU-CESRP-103R7604-1 and by the U.S. Office of Naval Research NICOP Grant N62909-11-1-7096. We appreciate the comments of the three anomalous reviewers; their reviews helped us to improve the manuscript greatly. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 28 IS 9 BP 3612 EP 3623 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00541.1 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CH2EJ UT WOS:000353838200010 ER PT J AU Reasor, PD Montgomery, MT AF Reasor, Paul D. Montgomery, Michael T. TI Evaluation of a Heuristic Model for Tropical Cyclone Resilience SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID VERTICAL WIND SHEAR; WAVE-NUMBER; VORTEX RESILIENCY; RADIAL STRUCTURE; INFLOW LAYER; HURRICANE; INTENSITY; VORTICES; MOTION; AXISYMMETRIZATION AB This work examines the applicability of a previously postulated heuristic model for the temporal evolution of the small-amplitude tilt of a tropical cyclone-like vortex under vertical shear forcing for both a dry and cloudy atmosphere. The heuristic model hinges on the existence of a quasi-discrete vortex Rossby wave and its ability to represent the coherent precession and tilt decay of a stable vortex in the free-alignment problem. Linearized numerical solutions for a dry and cloudy vortex confirm the model predictions that an increase in the magnitude of the radial potential vorticity (PV) gradient within the vortex skirt surrounding the core yields a more rapid evolution of a sheared vortex toward the equilibrium, left-of-shear tilt configuration. However, in the moist-neutral limit, in which the effective static stability vanishes in rising and sinking regions, the heuristic model yields a poor approximation to the simulated vortex core evolution, but a left-of-shear tilt of the near-core vortex, radially beyond the heating region, remains the preferred long-time solution. Within the near-core skirt, the PV perturbation generated by vertical shearing exhibits continuous-spectrum-type vortex Rossby waves, features that are not captured by the heuristic model. Nevertheless, the heuristic model continues to predict the rapid vertical alignment and equilibrium, left-of-shear tilt configuration of the simulated near-core vortex in the moist-neutral limit. C1 [Reasor, Paul D.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Montgomery, Michael T.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA USA. RP Reasor, PD (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. EM paul.reasor@noaa.gov RI Reasor, Paul/B-2932-2014 OI Reasor, Paul/0000-0001-6407-017X FU NSF [ATM-0514199, AGS-0733380, AGS-1313948]; NOAA's Hurricane Research Division; U.S. Naval Postgraduate School FX The first author (P. D. R.) would like to acknowledge support from NSF ATM-0514199. Both authors would like to thank Dr. David Schecter for stimulating discussions that helped motivate this study and for his insightful comments on the manuscript, including the comment that motivated Eq. (15). We would also like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their substantive comments, which have helped clarify both thought and presentation. The second author (M. T. M.) would like to acknowledge support from NSF AGS-0733380, AGS-1313948, NOAA's Hurricane Research Division, and the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 EI 1520-0469 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 72 IS 5 BP 1765 EP 1782 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-14-0318.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CH2FC UT WOS:000353840100005 ER PT J AU Smith, RK Kilroy, G Montgomery, MT AF Smith, Roger K. Kilroy, Gerard Montgomery, Michael T. TI Why Do Model Tropical Cyclones Intensify More Rapidly at Low Latitudes? SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID HURRICANE BOUNDARY-LAYER; EVOLUTION; SIMULATIONS; SENSITIVITY; VORTEX AB The authors examine the problem of why model tropical cyclones intensify more rapidly at low latitudes. The answer to this question touches on practically all facets of the dynamics and thermodynamics of tropical cyclones. The answer invokes the conventional spin-up mechanism, as articulated in classical and recent work, together with a boundary layer feedback mechanism linking the strength of the boundary layer inflow to that of the diabatic forcing of the meridional overturning circulation. The specific role of the frictional boundary layer in regulating the dependence of the intensification rate on latitude is discussed. It is shown that, even if the tangential wind profile at the top of the boundary layer is held fixed, a simple, steady boundary layer model produces stronger low-level inflow and stronger, more confined ascent out of the boundary layer as the latitude is decreased, similar to the behavior found in a time-dependent, three-dimensional numerical model. In an azimuthally averaged view of the problem, the most prominent quantitative differences between the time-dependent simulations at 10 degrees and 30 degrees N are the stronger boundary layer inflow and the stronger ascent of air exiting the boundary layer, together with the much larger diabatic heating rate and its radial gradient above the boundary layer at the lower latitude. These differences, in conjunction with the convectively induced convergence of absolute angular momentum, greatly surpass the effects of rotational stiffness (inertial stability) and evaporative-wind feedback that have been proposed in some prior explanations. C1 [Smith, Roger K.; Kilroy, Gerard] Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, D-80333 Munich, Germany. [Montgomery, Michael T.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA USA. RP Smith, RK (reprint author), Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, Theresienstr 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany. EM roger.smith@lmu.de FU German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) [SM30-23]; NSF [AGS-0733380]; NASA [NNG11PK021] FX We are grateful to Dr. Gerald Thomsen, who set up the numerical calculations that form the basis of section 2. This paper was completed during a productive and enjoyable visit to the Bureau of Meteorology's Regional Forecasting Centre in Darwin, Australia, in January 2014, and we thank Andrew Tupper and Todd Smith for hosting our visit and providing a stimulating atmosphere for conducting our research. RKS and GK acknowledge financial support for this research from the German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) under Grant SM30-23. MTM acknowledges the support of NSF AGS-0733380, NASA Grant NNG11PK021, and insightful email correspondence in 2011 with Dr. F. Fendell regarding the Carrier theory of tropical cyclone intensification. The authors thank also Dr. S. Abarca for his assistance in streamlining the numerical code to solve the Sawyer-Eliassen balance equation developed earlier by RKS, MTM, and Dr. Hai Bui. Finally, we thank John Molinari and Dave Raymond for their perceptive comments on the manuscript. NR 49 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 EI 1520-0469 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 72 IS 5 BP 1783 EP 1804 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-14-0044.1 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CH2FC UT WOS:000353840100006 ER PT J AU Ryglicki, DR AF Ryglicki, David R. TI An Analysis of a Barotropically Unstable, High-Rossby Number Vortex in Shear SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID HURRICANE-LIKE VORTICES; VERTICAL WIND SHEAR; INERTIA-GRAVITY WAVES; TROPICAL CYCLONES; POTENTIAL VORTICITY; PART II; INTENSITY; CORE; EYEWALL; FLOW AB The interactions of the barotropic instability found at low levels in tropical cyclones and a shear forcing are presented. Previous works have indicated that at low levels of tropical cyclones, the inner edge of the core may be barotropically unstable and thereby able to support counterpropagating vortex Rossby wave interactions. It has also been demonstrated that hurricanes and other barotropic vortices possess innate, dry abilities to maintain themselves when under the duress of vertical wind shear. This work will address how these two separate processes interact with each other. In this study, the barotropic ring is given additional vorticity in the outer regions to mimic observations more closely. This allows for the outward propagation of energy and simultaneous reduction of the radius of maximum wind. When this vortex is sheared, it is found that the shear forcing, which acts as a de facto wavenumber-1 forcing, does not noticeably alter the growth of the most unstable mode, wavenumber 3. The tilt precession of the vortex is altered greatly, as the tilt becomes both larger and slower. Palinstrophy and deformation analysis indicates that overall peak mixing is also reduced, owing to changes in the axisymmetrization process. Energetics analyses show that the radial component of the shear forcing acts to generate eddies while the tangential component of the shear tends to destroy eddies. The calculations are carried out a second time with another center-finding method, which shows the tilt to be much smaller and more variable while imparting a large wavenumber-1 signal in Fourier analyses. C1 [Ryglicki, David R.] Fleet Numer Meteorol & Oceanog Ctr, Monterey, CA USA. RP Ryglicki, DR (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2,Room 254,Bldg 704, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. EM david.ryglicki.ctr@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Science, Mathematics, and Research for Transformation (SMART) scholarship at Florida State University FX A large portion of this work was performed while the author held a Science, Mathematics, and Research for Transformation (SMART) scholarship at Florida State University while completing his Ph.D. The author thanks Robert Hart and Jonathan Hodapp for discussion and editing. The author also thanks Eric Hendricks and three anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments that helped to improve this work's readability, clarity, and content. The author would finally like to thank Paul Reasor for his contributions to this work during the author's dissertation. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 EI 1520-0469 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 72 IS 5 BP 2152 EP 2177 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-14-0180.1 PG 26 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CH2FC UT WOS:000353840100026 ER PT J AU Blois, G Barros, JM Christensen, KT AF Blois, Gianluca Barros, Julio M. Christensen, Kenneth T. TI A microscopic particle image velocimetry method for studying the dynamics of immiscible liquid-liquid interactions in a porous micromodel SO MICROFLUIDICS AND NANOFLUIDICS LA English DT Article DE Multiphase flow; Trapping; Flow measurements; Micro-PIV ID CAPILLARY-PRESSURE; FLUID DISPLACEMENT; FLOW; SIMULATIONS; TRANSITION; TURBULENCE; MEDIA; SEQUESTRATION; HYSTERESIS; NETWORK AB The development of an experimental protocol to investigate the flow field produced by the interaction of two immiscible liquids flowing through a porous network is reported. The experimental protocol allows simultaneous quantification of the velocity distribution in a multi-liquid system based on the microscopic particle image velocimetry technique. The experimental challenges associated with this unique application are discussed, including two-liquid imaging and interface tracking, and solutions that couple refractive index matching and fluorescent signal separation are described. The technique was applied to both single- and two-liquid flows in a two-dimensional pore network comprising a staggered array of circular pillars wherein the flow was driven by a steady pressure gradient. Both drainage and imbibition were considered herein with a focus on fluid-fluid front migration and effects owing to the passage of the interface. The velocity distribution obtained for these two-liquid-phase flow scenarios revealed several peculiarities when compared to the reference case of single-liquid-phase flow. In particular, the instabilities associated with the interfacial processes propagate downstream and perturb the flow field, resulting in dramatic differences from the regular and periodic flow paths typical of steady-state, single-phase flow. Additionally, the passage of the interface does not restore previous flow patterns, but instead yields complex preferential flow paths that mutually interact with residual trapped pockets of fluid. Such dynamical events must be quantified in order to properly model the pore-scale physics central to fully understanding the wealth of practical applications represented by this model flow system. C1 [Blois, Gianluca] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Barros, Julio M.] US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Barros, Julio M.; Christensen, Kenneth T.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Barros, Julio M.; Christensen, Kenneth T.] Univ Illinois, Dept Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Christensen, Kenneth T.] Kyushu Univ, Int Inst Carbon Neutral Energy Res WPI I2CNER, Nishi Ku, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan. RP Blois, G (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Aerosp & Mech Engn, Civil & Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM blois@illinois.edu; barros@usna.edu; christensen.33@nd.edu RI Christensen, Kenneth/B-1123-2009; U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016 OI Christensen, Kenneth/0000-0003-1468-2455; FU International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER) - World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT, Japan; Roscoe Jackson Postdoctoral Fellowship at the University of Illinois FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), sponsored by the World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT, Japan. The first author (G.B.) was supported by the Roscoe Jackson Postdoctoral Fellowship at the University of Illinois. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 28 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1613-4982 EI 1613-4990 J9 MICROFLUID NANOFLUID JI Microfluid. Nanofluid. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 18 IS 5-6 BP 1391 EP 1406 DI 10.1007/s10404-014-1537-1 PG 16 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA CH1YP UT WOS:000353819900059 ER PT J AU Ventura, J Romano, M Walter, U AF Ventura, Jacopo Romano, Marcello Walter, Ulrich TI Performance evaluation of the inverse dynamics method for optimal spacecraft reorientation SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA LA English DT Article DE Attiude maneuver; Optimization; Nonlinear programming; Spacecraft reorientation ID OPTIMAL 3-AXIS REORIENTATION; RIGID SPACECRAFT AB This paper investigates the application of the inverse dynamics in the virtual domain method to Euler angles, quaternions, and modified Rodrigues parameters for rapid optimal attitude trajectory generation for spacecraft reorientation maneuvers. The impact of the virtual domain and attitude representation is numerically investigated for both minimum time and minimum energy problems. Owing to the nature of the inverse dynamics method, it yields sub-optimal solutions for minimum time problems. Furthermore, the virtual domain improves the optimality of the solution, but at the cost of more computational time. The attitude representation also affects solution quality and computational speed. For minimum energy problems, the optimal solution can be obtained without the virtual domain with any considered attitude representation. (C) 2014 IAA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ventura, Jacopo; Walter, Ulrich] Tech Univ Munich, Inst Astronaut, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Romano, Marcello] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Ventura, J (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Inst Astronaut, Boltzmannstr 15, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM jacopo.ventura@tum.de FU Munich Aerospace e.V. FX The financial support from Munich Aerospace e.V. is gratefully acknowledged. The first author thanks Dr. Marco Ciarcia, NRC research associate at Spacecraft Robotics Laboratory of Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey for his precious advice on IDVD. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0094-5765 EI 1879-2030 J9 ACTA ASTRONAUT JI Acta Astronaut. PD MAY-JUN PY 2015 VL 110 BP 266 EP 278 DI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2014.11.041 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA CG8YC UT WOS:000353600600024 ER PT J AU Conroy, MW Ananth, R AF Conroy, M. W. Ananth, R. TI Fuel Surface Cooling by Aqueous Foam: A Pool Fire Suppression Mechanism SO FIRE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fire suppression; Pool fires; Aqueous foams; Surface cooling; Interfacial heat transfer ID DYNAMICS; SIZE AB Aqueous foams are generally thought to suppress pool fires by forming a transport barrier (either an aqueous film or the foam itself) that prevents fuel vapor transport from the hot pool surface into the fire above. The present work is aimed at evaluating a different potential suppression mechanism wherein the fuel vapor pressure is reduced due to pool surface cooling that occurs when a room-temperature foam is brought in direct contact with the hot pool surface. We present a model to predict the sudden decrease in pool surface temperature when aqueous foam is applied instantaneously and uniformly onto a shallow, burning, heptane fuel pool. Conduction is assumed to dominate heat transfer at short time scales (a few seconds) due to the steep temperature gradient at the interface. The model describes the time evolution of the temperature profile by numerically solving a transient, one-dimensional, heat-conduction equation in the liquid pool and in the foam layer. We also obtained an analytical solution that is valid immediately after contact between fuel and foam. Model predictions show a significant decrease in fuel surface temperature in less than a second after the foam layer is placed on top of a hot liquid pool surface, causing a decrease in the fuel vapor pressure of over 75%. The predictions indicate that surface cooling could be an important mechanism of fire suppression by aqueous foams. C1 [Conroy, M. W.; Ananth, R.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Navy Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ananth, R (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Navy Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ramagopal.ananth@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research Laboratory FX We thank Office of Naval Research Laboratory for their support during this work. We also thank Dr. James W. Fleming for numerous discussions. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0015-2684 EI 1572-8099 J9 FIRE TECHNOL JI Fire Technol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 51 IS 3 BP 667 EP 689 DI 10.1007/s10694-015-0470-5 PG 23 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA CF9AU UT WOS:000352854700013 ER PT J AU Direnzo, MS Greenhaus, JH Weer, CH AF Direnzo, Marco S. Greenhaus, Jeffrey H. Weer, Christy H. TI Relationship between protean career orientation and work-life balance: A resource perspective SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR LA English DT Review DE protean career orientation; work-life balance; employability; resources; whole-life perspective ID STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELS; TRICKLE-DOWN MODEL; FAMILY CONFLICT; BOUNDARYLESS CAREER; VOLUNTARY TURNOVER; SELF-MANAGEMENT; JOB SEARCH; TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP; PERCEIVED EMPLOYABILITY; PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT AB Despite the commonly held belief that a protean career orientation (PCO) enables employees to achieve more balance in their lives, little is known about the relationship between PCO and work-life balance. Using two waves of data collection separated by 2.5years, this study examined the relationship between PCO and work-life balance among a sample of 367 college-educated employees in the United States. Analysis was conducted to empirically distinguish PCO from conceptually related constructs, and structural equation modeling was used to examine the process that explains the linkage between PCO and balance. We found that PCO was positively related to work-life balance. We also found support for the role of several resources (social capital, psychological capital, and perceived employability) that explain the relationship between PCO and balance. In particular, PCO was associated with extensive career planning activities that were related to the accumulation of three forms of career capitalhuman capital, social capital, and psychological capital. In turn, social capital and psychological capital were associated with high employability, which was related to greater work-life balance for individuals who take a whole-life perspective on their careers. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of the findings and provide suggestions for future research. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Direnzo, Marco S.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Management, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Greenhaus, Jeffrey H.] Drexel Univ, Dept Management, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Weer, Christy H.] Salisbury Univ, Dept Management & Mkt, Salisbury, MD USA. RP Direnzo, MS (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Management, 555 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM msdirenz@nps.edu NR 144 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 16 U2 67 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-3796 EI 1099-1379 J9 J ORGAN BEHAV JI J. Organ. Behav. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 36 IS 4 BP 538 EP 560 DI 10.1002/job.1996 PG 23 WC Business; Psychology, Applied; Management SC Business & Economics; Psychology GA CG6JM UT WOS:000353406500004 ER PT J AU Lalani, T Maguire, JD Grant, EM Fraser, J Ganesan, A Johnson, MD Deiss, RG Riddle, MS Burgess, T Tribble, DR AF Lalani, Tahaniyat Maguire, Jason D. Grant, Edward M. Fraser, Jamie Ganesan, Anuradha Johnson, Mark D. Deiss, Robert G. Riddle, Mark S. Burgess, Timothy Tribble, David R. CA IDCRP TravMil Study Grp TI Epidemiology and Self-Treatment of Travelers' Diarrhea in a Large, Prospective Cohort of Department of Defense Beneficiaries SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME; RESOURCE-LIMITED DESTINATIONS; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; EUROPEAN TRAVELERS; UNITED-STATES; LOPERAMIDE; SYMPTOMS; MEXICO; RISK; AZITHROMYCIN AB BackgroundInfectious diarrhea is a common problem among travelers. Expert guidelines recommend the prompt use of antibiotics for self-treatment of moderate or severe travelers' diarrhea (TD). There is limited data on whether travelers follow these self-treatment guidelines. We evaluated the risk factors associated with TD, the use of TD self-treatment, and the risk of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) during travel. MethodsDepartment of Defense beneficiaries traveling outside the United States for 6.5months were enrolled in a prospective cohort study. Participants received pre- and post-travel surveys, and could opt into a travel illness diary and follow-up surveys for symptoms of IBS.Standard definitions were used to assess for TD and IBS. Suboptimal self-treatment was defined as the use of antibiotics (with or without antidiarrheal agents) for mild TD, or the use of antidiarrheals alone or no self-treatment in cases of moderate or severe TD. ResultsTwenty-four percent of participants (270/1,120) met the criteria for TD. The highest incidence was recorded in Africa [8.6 cases/100 person-weeks, 95% confidence interval (CI): 6.7-10.5]. Two hundred and twelve participants with TD provided information regarding severity and self-treatment: 89 (42%) had mild TD and 123 (58%) had moderate or severe TD. Moderate or severe TD was independently associated with suboptimal self-treatment [OR 10.4 (95% CI: 4.92-22.0)]. Time to last unformed stool did not differ between optimal and suboptimal self-treatment. IBS occurred in 4.5% (7/154) of TD cases and in 3.1% (16/516) of cases without TD (p=0.39). Among TD cases, a lower incidence of IBS was noted in participants who took antibiotics [4.8% (5/105) vs 2.2% (1/46)] in those who did not, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (p=0.60). ConclusionsOur results suggest the underutilization of antibiotics in travelers with moderate or severe TD. Further studies are needed to systematically evaluate pre-travel instruction and traveler adherence to self-treatment guidelines, and the impact of suboptimal self-treatment on outcomes. C1 [Lalani, Tahaniyat; Maguire, Jason D.; Grant, Edward M.; Fraser, Jamie; Ganesan, Anuradha; Deiss, Robert G.; Tribble, David R.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Lalani, Tahaniyat] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Bethesda, MD USA. [Lalani, Tahaniyat; Maguire, Jason D.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Div Infect Dis, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha; Burgess, Timothy] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD USA. [Johnson, Mark D.; Deiss, Robert G.] Naval Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA USA. [Johnson, Mark D.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def HIV AIDS Prevent Program, San Diego, CA USA. [Riddle, Mark S.] Naval Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Lalani, T (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Infect Dis & Travel Clin, Bldg 3,1st Floor, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM tlalani@idcrp.org FU Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a DoD program through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a DoD program through National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a DoD program through National Institutes of Health (NIH) [Y1-AI-5072] FX The study was supported by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a DoD program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and the National Institutes of Health (NIH), under the Inter-Agency Agreement Y1-AI-5072. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1195-1982 EI 1708-8305 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD MAY-JUN PY 2015 VL 22 IS 3 BP 152 EP 160 DI 10.1111/jtm.12179 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA CG6CJ UT WOS:000353382800003 PM 25483360 ER PT J AU Atkinson, MP Singham, DI AF Atkinson, Michael P. Singham, Dashi I. TI Multidimensional hitting time results for Brownian bridges with moving hyperplanar boundaries SO STATISTICS & PROBABILITY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Brownian bridge; First-passage time; Hyperplane boundaries ID MOTION; MOVEMENT; SPHERES AB We calculate several hitting time probabilities for a correlated multidimensional Brownian bridge process, where the boundaries are hyperplanes that move linearly with time. We compute the probability that a Brownian bridge will cross a moving hyperplane if the endpoints of the bridge lie on the same side of the hyperplane at the starting and ending times, and we derive the distribution of the hitting time if the endpoints lie on opposite sides of the moving hyperplane. Our third result calculates the probability that this process remains between two parallel hyperplanes, and we extend this result in the independent case to a hyperrectangle with moving faces. To derive these quantities, we rotate the coordinate axes to transform the problem into a one-dimensional calculation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Atkinson, Michael P.; Singham, Dashi I.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Atkinson, MP (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM mpatkins@nps.edu NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7152 EI 1879-2103 J9 STAT PROBABIL LETT JI Stat. Probab. Lett. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 100 BP 85 EP 92 DI 10.1016/j.spl.2015.02.006 PG 8 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA CG0ZM UT WOS:000353002800011 ER PT J AU Woo, DJ Heer, FC Brewer, LN Hooper, JP Osswald, S AF Woo, D. J. Heer, F. C. Brewer, L. N. Hooper, J. P. Osswald, S. TI Synthesis of nanodiamond-reinforced aluminum metal matrix composites using cold-spray deposition SO CARBON LA English DT Article ID MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; COATINGS; POWDERS; CARBON AB A dense nanodiamond-aluminum (ND-Al) composite coating was successfully produced by low pressure cold spray (CS) deposition of ball-milled powders containing 10 wt% ND. High-energy ball milling is a feasible means for the synthesis of composite feedstock powders as it provides excellent control over particle size distribution, crystal size, and the dispersion of ND agglomerates. The resulting CS coatings were characterized with respect to deposition efficiency, particle velocity and mechanical properties. It was found that the CS deposition produced dense, ND-Al composite coatings with increases in both hardness and elastic modulus as compared to the feedstock powders. The coating hardness of the 0.5 h-milled ND-Al composite that has the highest DE (14.2%) in ND-Al composites is 3.02 GPa, an 175% increase over the pristine as-received Al (1.10 GPa). The highest elastic modulus of the composite coatings is 98.3 GPa, a 51.5% increase over the as-received Al powder. (C) Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Woo, D. J.; Hooper, J. P.; Osswald, S.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Heer, F. C.; Brewer, L. N.; Osswald, S.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Osswald, S (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, 701 West Stadium Ave, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM sosswald@purdue.edu FU Office of Naval Research [30] FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Sarath Menon (NPS) for his assistance with SEM analysis and Mr. Douglas Seivwright (NPS) for his help with cold spray deposition. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (Code 30). NR 33 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 37 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 EI 1873-3891 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD MAY PY 2015 VL 86 BP 15 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.01.010 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA CF9YB UT WOS:000352922700003 ER PT J AU Lock, EH Delongchamp, DM Schmucker, SW Simpkins, B Laskoski, M Mulvaney, SP Hines, DR Baraket, M Hernandez, SC Robinson, JT Sheehan, PE Jaye, C Fisher, DA Walton, SG AF Lock, Evgeniya H. Delongchamp, Dean M. Schmucker, Scott W. Simpkins, Blake Laskoski, Matthew Mulvaney, Shawn P. Hines, Daniel R. Baraket, Mira Hernandez, Sandra C. Robinson, Jeremy T. Sheehan, Paul E. Jaye, Cherno Fisher, Daniel A. Walton, Scott G. TI Dry graphene transfer print to polystyrene and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene - Detailed chemical, structural, morphological and electrical characterization SO CARBON LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; BEAM-GENERATED PLASMAS; COVALENT FUNCTIONALIZATION; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; HIGH-QUALITY; PHOTONICS; POLYMERS; ELECTRODES; DEVICES AB Graphene (Gr)-polystyrene (PS) and graphene (Gr)-ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW PE) laminates were fabricated using a transfer print approach that relies on differential adhesion to remove graphene from Cu foil without chemical etching. The polymer surfaces were prepared using plasma functionalization followed by N-ethylamino-4-azidotetrafluorobenzoate (TFPA) deposition. Then, the graphene on Cu foil and the TFPA coated polymers were pressed at elevated temperature and mild pressure. Finally, they were separated by mechanical peeling. No additional processing was applied. Detailed chemical, structural, and morphological characterization of PS and UHMW PE before and after graphene transfer print was performed using a suite of complementary surface analysis techniques including X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy (NEXAFS), Raman Spectroscopy, and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The charge carrier density and charge carrier mobility of the transferred graphene were determined using Hall effect measurements. We found that graphene's electrical properties were preserved and comparable to those of graphene on SiO2/Si. Furthermore, modulation of TFPA attachment to PS and UHMW PE led to different TFPA-layer microstructure and therefore to a different amount of functional azide groups available to form carbene bonds with graphene causing changes in graphene's compressive strain, doping and mobility. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lock, Evgeniya H.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schmucker, Scott W.; Baraket, Mira] Natl Res Council Postdoctoral Res Associate, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Delongchamp, Dean M.; Jaye, Cherno; Fisher, Daniel A.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Simpkins, Blake; Laskoski, Matthew; Mulvaney, Shawn P.; Sheehan, Paul E.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hines, Daniel R.] Lab Phys Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Robinson, Jeremy T.] Naval Res Lab, Div Elect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hernandez, Sandra C.; Walton, Scott G.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lock, EH (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM evgeniya.lock@nrl.navy.mil RI Sheehan, Paul/B-4793-2010; Schmucker, Scott/D-8312-2012 OI Sheehan, Paul/0000-0003-2668-4124; Schmucker, Scott/0000-0003-2908-5282 FU Naval Research Laboratory Base Program; NRC postgraduate research fellowship FX E.H. Lock would like to thank K. Gaskill for the use of the Hall Probe measurements system and M. Yoganathan and P. Wu for the polymer resistance measurements. The work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program. S. W. S., S.C.H. and M.B. were National Research Council (NRC) postgraduate research associates and were grateful for the NRC postgraduate research fellowship. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 11 U2 67 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 EI 1873-3891 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD MAY PY 2015 VL 86 BP 288 EP 300 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.01.048 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA CF9YB UT WOS:000352922700034 ER PT J AU Abdi, F Morscher, GN Xue, YB Choi, S AF Abdi, Frank Morscher, Gregory N. Xue, Yibin Choi, Sung TI Quantification of Foreign Object Damage and Electrical Resistivity for Ceramic Matrix Composites and Tensile Residual Strength Prediction SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID CRACKING; CREEP AB SiC-based ceramic matrix composites (CMC) in turbine engine applications must sustain certain foreign object impacts (FOIs) that might occur in services. Experiments and non-destructive evaluation (NDE) have illustrated good correlations between impact energy and foreign object damage (FOD) assessed using electrical resistivity (ER), acoustic emission (AE), and microscopy. A progressive failure dynamic analysis (PFDA) method is explored in understanding and predicting the damage states, ER, and residual strength after impact of CMCs. To accurately correlate the damage state with ER, the PFDA tool has been improved to incorporate the physical damage mechanisms in CMCs, which are matrix microcrack density due to both longitudinal and transverse tensile loads and the fiber breakage due to probabilistic fiber strength distribution. The predicted damage states and ER are correlated with the measurement of FOD and validated with tension after impact tests using high temperature ER. The PFDA tool has demonstrated a great potential for CMCs' FOD and residual strength predictions. C1 [Abdi, Frank; Xue, Yibin] AlphaSTAR Corp, Long Beach, CA 90804 USA. [Morscher, Gregory N.] Univ Akron, Auburn Sci & Engn Ctr 101, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Choi, Sung] NAVAIR, Mat Engn, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Abdi, F (reprint author), AlphaSTAR Corp, 5150 East Pacific Coast Highway,Suite 650, Long Beach, CA 90804 USA. EM fabdi@alphastarcorp.com; gm33@uakron.edu; annayxue@gmail.com; sung.choi1@navy.mil FU NAVY via SBIR Phase II [N68335-12-C-0060] FX This research was sponsored by NAVY via SBIR Phase II under the Contract No. N68335-12-C-0060. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 18 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 EI 1528-8919 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD MAY PY 2015 VL 137 IS 5 AR 052503 DI 10.1115/1.4028677 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA CF9CH UT WOS:000352858700010 ER PT J AU Borges, CF AF Borges, Carlos F. TI On polynomial function approximation with minimum mean squared relative error and a problem of Tchebychef SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Approximation; Relative error; Least-squares AB We consider the problem of constructing a polynomial approximation to a function f(x) over the interval [-1; 1] that minimizes the mean squared relative error (MMSRE) over the interval. We establish sufficient conditions for solving the problem. We then consider a classic problem from a paper of Tchebychef and compare his solution to MMSRE, demonstrating that in some cases the latter approach can yield a more appealing solution and one that it is applicable in a number of situations where the Tchebychef approach is not. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Borges, CF (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM borges@nps.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0096-3003 EI 1873-5649 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 258 BP 22 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.amc.2015.01.121 PG 7 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA CE2ST UT WOS:000351668500003 ER PT J AU Lawlor, TM Talmadge, MD Murray, MM Nelson, ME Mueller, AC Romanyukha, AA Fairchild, GR Grypp, MD Williams, AS AF Lawlor, Tyler M. Talmadge, Molly D. Murray, Mark M. Nelson, Martin E. Mueller, Andrew C. Romanyukha, Alexander A. Fairchild, Gregory R. Grypp, Matthew D. Williams, Anthony S. TI THE HIGH DOSE RESPONSE AND FUNCTIONAL CAPABILITY OF THE DT-702/PD LITHIUM FLUORIDE THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETER SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE detector, thermoluminescent; dose; dosimetry, personnel; exposure, occupational AB The United States Navy monitors the dose its radiation workers receive using the DT-702/PD thermoluminescent dosimeter, which consists of the Harshaw 8840 holder and the four-element Harshaw 8841 card. There were two main objectives of this research. In the first objective, the dosimeters were exposed to 100 Gy using electron and x-ray beams and found to respond approximately 30-40% lower than the delivered dose. No significant effect on the under-response was found when dose rate, radiation type, dosimeter position on the phantom, and dosimeter material were varied or when the card was irradiated while enclosed in its holder. Since the current naval policy is to remove from occupational use any thermoluminescent dosimeter with an accumulated deep dose equivalent of 0.05 Sv or greater, the functionality of the dosimeter was also investigated at deep dose equivalents of 0.05, 0.15, and 0.25 Sv using Co-60 and Cs-137 sources as the second main objective. All dosimeters were annealed following exposure and then exposed to 5.0 mSv from a Sr-90 source. In all cases, the dosimeters responded within 3% of the delivered dose, indicating that the dosimeters remained functional as defined by naval dosimetry requirements. However, the anneal time required to clear the thermoluminescent dosimeter's reading was found to increase approximately as the cube root with the delivered dose. C1 [Lawlor, Tyler M.; Talmadge, Molly D.; Murray, Mark M.; Nelson, Martin E.; Mueller, Andrew C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Romanyukha, Alexander A.; Fairchild, Gregory R.; Grypp, Matthew D.; Williams, Anthony S.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Naval Dosimetry Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RP Nelson, ME (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, 590 Holloway Rd Stop 11-C, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM nelson@usna.edu FU U.S. Department of Defense FX The authors would like to thank Bob Siddon of Radiation Oncology and Ronnie Minniti of NIST for their technical assistance in collecting the data for this project. This study was funded through U.S. Department of Defense operational and maintenance budgets. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 108 IS 5 BP 514 EP 519 DI 10.1097/HP.0000000000000268 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA CE5PP UT WOS:000351887900004 PM 25811149 ER PT J AU Liezers, M Fahey, AJ Carman, AJ Eiden, GC AF Liezers, Martin Fahey, Albert J. Carman, April J. Eiden, Gregory C. TI The formation of trinitite-like surrogate nuclear explosion debris (SNED) and extreme thermal fractionation of SRM-612 glass induced by high power CW CO2 laser irradiation SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Trinitite; Nuclear forensics; Elemental fractionation; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Laser melting; Nuclear fallout ID LASER-ABLATION; AEROSOL; FALLOUT AB We describe a new approach to the bench top production of surrogate nuclear explosion debris by employing high power continuous wave CO2 laser irradiation. High surface temperatures >2,500 K can be rapidly attained, allowing virtually any combination of materials to be fused into a glassy matrix that can display high levels of elemental fractionation. Examples of the laser fused glasses will be presented and compared to trinitite nuclear explosion glass along with the elemental fractionation effects that were induced in the NIST glass standard SRM-612 by this method. C1 [Liezers, Martin; Carman, April J.; Eiden, Gregory C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Fahey, Albert J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Liezers, M (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM martin.liezers@pnnl.gov FU Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Research and Development with the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC05-75RLO1830] FX My thanks to Dr. John McCloy at Washington State University, Pullman for bringing to our attention the CO2 laser Fulgurite article [16] that sparked this line of research. This work was funded by the Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Research and Development with the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC05-75RLO1830. The views, opinions and findings contained within this paper are those of the authors and should not be construed as an official position, policy or decision of the DOE unless designated by other documentation. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 EI 1588-2780 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 304 IS 2 BP 705 EP 715 DI 10.1007/s10967-014-3895-2 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA CE5FX UT WOS:000351857600029 ER PT J AU Wang, YT Ainsworth, TL Lee, JS AF Wang, Yanting Ainsworth, Thomas L. Lee, Jong-Sen TI On Characterizing High-Resolution SAR Imagery Using Kernel-Based Mixture Speckle Models SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Distribution fitting; finite mixture model (FMM); speckle; synthetic aperture radar (SAR); texture AB At high resolution, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) speckle tends to be non-Gaussian distributed and diversely textured. Many parametric speckle distributions have been developed to fit specific in-scene content. In contrast, mixture models offer an empirical approximation with the potential to fit arbitrary variations. In this letter, we investigate the feasibility and the efficiency of using finite mixture models of an identical parametric kernel to characterize the wide range of high-resolution speckle. We evaluate and compare the capability of mixture fitting with gamma, K, and G(0) kernels against various scene types. Despite the characterization disparity among these base kernels, we show that using any of them in a mixture setting rapidly improves speckle modeling. Finite gamma mixtures, even with a simple kernel form, are applicable to high-resolution SAR imagery for consistent description of complex textured speckle variations. C1 [Wang, Yanting; Ainsworth, Thomas L.; Lee, Jong-Sen] US Navy, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wang, YT (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM yanting.wang@nrl.navy.mil; ainsworth@nrl.navy.mil; jong_sen_lee@yahoo.com NR 16 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1545-598X EI 1558-0571 J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 12 IS 5 BP 968 EP 972 DI 10.1109/LGRS.2014.2370095 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA CD9IQ UT WOS:000351412200010 ER PT J AU Marmorino, G Brozena, J Smith, GB Liang, R Vermillion, M Miller, WD AF Marmorino, George Brozena, John Smith, Geoffrey B. Liang, Robert Vermillion, Michael Miller, W. D. TI Lidar-Measured Bernoulli Response to Tidal Flow Over a Sill SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Airborne lidar; Bernoulli equation; flow over a sill; submesoscale ocean altimetry ID AIRBORNE; TOPOGRAPHY; EXCHANGE; SYSTEM AB An airborne scanning topographic lidar is shown to detect a local sea-level change induced by tidally forced flow over a 60-m-deep estuarine sill. As the flow speeds up over the sill, the sea level can be expected to decrease to conserve total flow energy according to the Bernoulli equation. The measurements resolve this decrease, showing a drop in sea level over the sill crest of about 0.1 m near the start of flood tide, increasing to about 0.25 m an hour later. These values are shown to be consistent with the Bernoulli effect, but only if a fraction (about 60%) of the upstream water column flows over the sill. By inference, the remaining fraction must deflect horizontally around the sill to flow through an adjacent channel, an effect consistent with laboratory studies of stratified flow past a three-dimensional (3-D) barrier with a gap. The lidar measurements, therefore, provide some insight into the 3-D flow response. C1 [Marmorino, George; Smith, Geoffrey B.; Miller, W. D.] US Navy, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Brozena, John; Liang, Robert; Vermillion, Michael] US Navy, Res Lab, Marine Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Marmorino, G (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM marmorino@nrl.navy.mil; john.brozena@nrl.navy.mil; geoffrey.smith@nrl.navy.mil; robert.liang@nrl.navy.mil; michael.vermillion@nrl.navy.mil; dave.miller@nrl.navy.mil OI Miller, W. David/0000-0002-4940-5987 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-10-WX-21119]; Naval Research Laboratory projects [74-8753, 72-9201] FX This work was made possible through the support of the Office of Naval Research under Grant N00014-10-WX-21119, and was conducted under Naval Research Laboratory projects 74-8753 and 72-9201. This is NRL contribution NRL/JA/7230-14-0156. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1545-598X EI 1558-0571 J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 12 IS 5 BP 1116 EP 1120 DI 10.1109/LGRS.2014.2385599 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA CD9IQ UT WOS:000351412200040 ER PT J AU Mahadik, NA Stahlbush, RE AF Mahadik, N. A. Stahlbush, R. E. TI Gettering of Luminescent Point Defects along Step Bunching in 4H-SiC Epitaxial Layers by Ultraviolet Excitation SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Electronic Materials Conference CY JUN 25-27, 2014 CL Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA SP Amer Elements, Sandia Natl Labs HO Univ Calif Santa Barbara DE Defects in silicon carbide; epitaxial step bunching; triangular-shaped defects in SiC ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; SILICON-CARBIDE; STACKING-FAULTS; PIN DIODES; SURFACE; GROWTH; WAFERS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; PROPAGATION; 6H AB Luminescent lines, perpendicular to the step flow direction, were observed in SiC epitaxial layers with ultraviolet (UV) excitation of the sample surface. These lines appear at step bunching sites in SiC epilayers with UV illumination of greater than 3 s at 50 W/cm(2). They become brighter and wider, reaching a width of similar to 5 mu m. Zygo profilometry shows that there is a shallow triangular-shaped valley at the surface to the left of the luminescent lines, with reference to the step flow direction. The left apex of the valley starts at a local defect that is created during the epitaxial growth, and the valley fans out during subsequent epitaxial growth. The luminescent lines are at the right-side boundary of the triangle. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) profilometry shows that at this boundary there is a double macrostep at the sample surface, which is between 2.5 nm and 8 nm high. This relates to 5 to 15 bilayer steps. The first step is always observed to be smaller than the second one. There is a valley approximately 4 nm to 8 nm deep between them. The luminescent lines appear due to UV-activated diffusion and gettering of point defects to the double macrostep. C1 [Mahadik, N. A.; Stahlbush, R. E.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mahadik, NA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM nadeem.mahadik@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 EI 1543-186X J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 44 IS 5 BP 1306 EP 1310 DI 10.1007/s11664-014-3616-1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA CE2RH UT WOS:000351663100009 ER PT J AU Cortes, FJQ Phillips, J AF Quintero Cortes, Francisco Javier Phillips, Jonathan TI Novel Materials with Effective Super Dielectric Constants for Energy Storage SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Electronic Materials Conference CY JUN 25-27, 2014 CL Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA SP Amer Elements, Sandia Natl Labs HO Univ Calif Santa Barbara DE Dielectric; capacitors; energy storage ID IRON PENTACARBONYL DECOMPOSITION; BARIUM-TITANATE CERAMICS; BATIO3-NI COMPOSITES; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; CONDUCTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; ENHANCEMENT; CACU3TI4O12; CAPACITANCE; THRESHOLD AB To test a theory of the recently discovered phenomenon of super dielectric behavior at very low frequency, the dielectric constants of several 'pastes', composed of porous alumina powders filled to the point of incipient wetness with water containing dissolved sodium chloride, were measured. The effective dielectric low frequency constants of some of the pastes were greater than 10(10), dramatically higher than that of any material ever reported. Moreover, the total energy density reported for one capacitor generated with NaCl-based super dielectric material is marginally higher than found in any prior report. These results are consistent with this recently postulated model of low frequency super dielectric behavior in porous, non-conductive materials saturated with ion-containing liquids: upon the application of an electric field, ions dissolved in the saturating liquid contained in the pores will travel to the ends of pore-filling liquid droplets creating giant dipoles. The fields of these giant dipoles oppose the applied field, reducing the net field created per unit of charge on the capacitor plates, effectively increasing charge/voltage ratio, hence capacitance. This is simply a version of the theory of 'polarizable media' found in most classic texts on electromagnetism. Other observations reported here include (1) the impact of ion concentration on dielectric values, (2) a maximum voltage similar to that associated with the electrical breakdown of water, (3) the loss of capacitance upon drying, (4) the recovery of capacitance upon the addition of water to a dry super dielectric material, and (5) the linear relationship between capacitance and inverse thickness. All observations are consistent with the earlier proposed model of the super dielectric phenomenon. An extrapolation of results suggests this technology can lead to energy density greater than the best lithium-ion battery. C1 [Quintero Cortes, Francisco Javier] Univ Colombia, Dept Chem Engn, Bogota, Colombia. [Phillips, Jonathan] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Phillips, J (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jphillip@nps.edu NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 102 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 EI 1543-186X J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 44 IS 5 BP 1367 EP 1376 DI 10.1007/s11664-015-3641-8 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA CE2RH UT WOS:000351663100019 ER PT J AU Kwon, YW Millhouse, SC Arceneux, S AF Kwon, Y. W. Millhouse, S. C. Arceneux, S. TI Study of composite plate in water with transient and steady state motions SO COMPOSITE STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE Hydrodynamic loading; Fluid-structure interaction; Transient motion; Steady state motion ID FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTION; LOW-REYNOLDS-NUMBER; FINITE-ELEMENT; DRAG; BODY; BEHAVIOR; SPHERE; FORCE AB Hydrodynamic loading and dynamic response of a composite plate were measured inside a tow tank while the speed of the plate increased from zero to various steady-state values and remained at the steady state values. Strain responses of the plate were recorded using strain gages. To determine the effect of the composite plate with fluid-structure interaction, a stiffer and heavier aluminum plate was compared to the composite plate. The composite plate was tested under various setting angles relative to the towing direction. Some experimental data were compared to numerical results at steady state motions, and they agreed well each other. The study showed that the hydrodynamic loading was greater on the polymer composite plate than on the aluminum plate of the same size. Furthermore, the hydrodynamic force was much greater during the transient period of the increasing speed than at the final steady state speed. The ratio of the peak strain in the composite plate during the transient period to the strain at the steady state motion depended on the plate speed and the setting angles significantly. Therefore, design and analysis of composite structures moving in water should consider the hydrodynamic loading during the transient motion including fluid-structure interaction. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kwon, Y. W.; Millhouse, S. C.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Arceneux, S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Kwon, YW (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ywkwon@nps.edu FU Solid Mechanics Program of United States Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX The work is partially funded by the Solid Mechanics Program of United States Office of Naval Research (ONR). The program manager is Dr. Yapa Rajapakse. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0263-8223 EI 1879-1085 J9 COMPOS STRUCT JI Compos. Struct. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 123 BP 393 EP 400 DI 10.1016/j.compstruct.2014.12.058 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA CD0SJ UT WOS:000350783900038 ER PT J AU Aubry, R Mestreau, EL Dey, S Karamete, BK Gayman, D AF Aubry, R. Mestreau, E. L. Dey, S. Karamete, B. K. Gayman, D. TI On the 'most normal' normal - Part 2 SO FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE Surface triangulation; Point normal; 'Most normal' normal; Generalized Voronoi diagram on the sphere; Boundary layer mesh generation ID VORONOI DIAGRAMS; MEDIAL AXIS; GENERATION; RIDGES AB In [1], a definition is given of the 'most normal' normal. This is the normal that minimizes the maximal angle with a given set of normals. The algorithm proposed does indeed compute a normal that verifies he previous properly. However, this may not always be the 'most normal' normal. The previous normal should have more appropriately been called the 'most visible' normal. In the present work, an algorithm is designed to compute the real 'most normal' normal, namely the normal that maximizes the minimum angle with the planes carried by the triangles surrounding a point. This normal is the optimal point normal for boundary layer mesh generation if it is in the visibility cone. The algorithm consists in computing the generalized Voronoi diagram on the sphere of the edges created by the intersection between the triangles and the sphere. Numerical results illustrate the method, and compare with the previous algorithm. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved, C1 [Aubry, R.; Mestreau, E. L.; Karamete, B. K.; Gayman, D.] Suter Def Solut, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. [Dey, S.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Aubry, R (reprint author), Suter Def Solut, 1501 Farm Credit Dr,Suite 2300, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. EM romain.aubry.ctr.fr@nrl.navy.mil OI Aubry, Romain/0000-0002-4094-1636 FU DoD HPCMP CREATE Program FX This work was partly supported by the DoD HPCMP CREATE Program. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-874X EI 1872-6925 J9 FINITE ELEM ANAL DES JI Finite Elem. Anal. Des. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 97 BP 54 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.finel.2015.01.005 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA CC3BA UT WOS:000350217900004 ER PT J AU Huang, J Alexander-Webber, JA Janssen, TJBM Tzalenchuk, A Yager, T Lara-Avila, S Kubatkin, S Myers-Ward, RL Wheeler, VD Gaskill, DK Nicholas, RJ AF Huang, J. Alexander-Webber, J. A. Janssen, T. J. B. M. Tzalenchuk, A. Yager, T. Lara-Avila, S. Kubatkin, S. Myers-Ward, R. L. Wheeler, V. D. Gaskill, D. K. Nicholas, R. J. TI Hot carrier relaxation of Dirac fermions in bilayer epitaxial graphene SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article DE hot carriers; bilayer graphene; energy loss rate; magnetotransport ID 2-DIMENSIONAL GAS; BERRYS PHASE; HETEROSTRUCTURES; TEMPERATURES; OSCILLATIONS; TRANSPORT; ELECTRONS AB Energy relaxation of hot Dirac fermions in bilayer epitaxial graphene is experimentally investigated by magnetotransport measurements on Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations and weak localization. The hot-electron energy loss rate is found to follow the predicted Bloch-Gruneisen power-law behaviour of T-4 at carrier temperatures from 1.4K up to similar to 100 K, due to electron-acoustic phonon interactions with a deformation potential coupling constant of 22 eV. A carrier density dependence n(e)(-1.5) in the scaling of the T-4 power law is observed in bilayer graphene, in contrast to the n(e)(-0.5) dependence in monolayer graphene, leading to a crossover in the energy loss rate as a function of carrier density between these two systems. The electron-phonon relaxation time in bilayer graphene is also shown to be strongly carrier density dependent, while it remains constant for a wide range of carrier densities in monolayer graphene. Our results and comparisons between the bilayer and monolayer exhibit a more comprehensive picture of hot carrier dynamics in graphene systems. C1 [Huang, J.; Alexander-Webber, J. A.; Nicholas, R. J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Janssen, T. J. B. M.; Tzalenchuk, A.] Natl Phys Lab, Teddington TW11 0LW, Greater London, England. [Tzalenchuk, A.] Univ London, Dept Phys, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. [Yager, T.; Lara-Avila, S.; Kubatkin, S.] Chalmers, Dept Microtechnol & Nanosci, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Myers-Ward, R. L.; Wheeler, V. D.; Gaskill, D. K.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Huang, J (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. EM r.nicholas@physics.ox.ac.uk RI Kubatkin, Sergey/O-6092-2014; OI Kubatkin, Sergey/0000-0001-8551-9247; Nicholas, Robin/0000-0001-9025-0465 FU UK EPSRC; NMS; EU; EMRP GraphOhm; US Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the UK EPSRC and NMS, EU Graphene Flagship, EMRP GraphOhm and also by the US Office of Naval Research. NR 47 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 32 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD APR 29 PY 2015 VL 27 IS 16 AR 164202 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/27/16/164202 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA CG5CI UT WOS:000353308300003 PM 25835029 ER PT J AU Fears, KP Gonzalez-Begne, M Love, CT Day, DE Koo, H AF Fears, Kenan P. Gonzalez-Begne, Mireya Love, Corey T. Day, Delbert E. Koo, Hyun TI Surface-Induced Changes in the Conformation and Glucan Production of Glucosyltransferase Adsorbed on Saliva-Coated Hydroxyapatite SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN SECONDARY STRUCTURE; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM SPECTRA; TRANSFORM IR SPECTROSCOPY; STREPTOCOCCUS-MUTANS; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; BIOFILM FORMATION; ENZYME-ACTIVITY; IN-SITU; ADSORPTION; PELLICLE AB Glucosyltransferases (Gtfs) from S. mutans play critical roles in the development of virulent oral biofilms associated with dental caries disease. Gtfs adsorbed to the tooth surface produce glucans that promote local microbial colonization and provide an insoluble exopolysaccharides (EPS) matrix that facilitates biofilm initiation. Moreover, agents that inhibit the enzymatic activity of Gtfs in solution often have reduced or no effects on surface-adsorbed Gtfs. This study elucidated the mechanisms responsible for the differences in functionality that GtfB exhibits in solution vs surface-adsorbed. Upon adsorption to planar fused-quartz substrates, GtfB displayed a 37% loss of helices and 36% increase of beta-sheets, as determined by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, and surface-induced conformational changes were more severe on substrates modified with CH3- and NH2-terminated self-assembled monolayers. GtfB also underwent substantial conformation changes when adsorbing to hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres, likely due to electrostatic interactions between negatively charged GtfB and positively charged HA crystal faces. Conformational changes were lessened when HA surfaces were coated with saliva (sHA) prior to GtfB adsorption. Furthermore, GtfB remained highly active on sHA, as determined by in situ attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, producing glucans that were structurally different than GtfB in solution and known to increase the accumulation and virulence of biofilms. Our data provide the first insight into the structural underpinnings governing Gtf conformation and enzymatic function that occur on tooth surfaces in vivo, which may lead to designing potent new inhibitors and improved strategies to combat the formation of pathogenic oral biofilms. C1 [Fears, Kenan P.; Love, Corey T.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gonzalez-Begne, Mireya] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Dent, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Gonzalez-Begne, Mireya] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Ctr Oral Biol, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Day, Delbert E.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Bone & Tissue Repair & Regenerat, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. [Koo, Hyun] Univ Penn, Biofilm Res Labs, Levy Ctr Oral Hlth, Dept Orthodont, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Koo, Hyun] Univ Penn, Div Pediat Dent & Community Oral Hlth, Sch Dent Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Fears, KP (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kenan.fears@nrl.navy.mil; koohy@dental.upenn.edu FU Office of Naval Research through basic research program at the Naval Research Laboratory; National Science Foundation [EFRI-1137186]; National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research [DE16139/DE18023] FX K.P.F. was supported by the Office of Naval Research through the basic research program at the Naval Research Laboratory. M.G. and H.K were supported by the National Science Foundation (EFRI-1137186; HK) and by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (DE16139/DE18023). The authors also thank Dr. William H. Bowen for kindly providing the anti-GtfB mAb. NR 53 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD APR 28 PY 2015 VL 31 IS 16 BP 4654 EP 4662 DI 10.1021/la504461h PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA CH2OJ UT WOS:000353864200009 PM 25867796 ER PT J AU Pullen, J Gordon, AL Flatau, M Doyle, JD Villanoy, C Cabrera, O AF Pullen, Julie Gordon, Arnold L. Flatau, Maria Doyle, James D. Villanoy, Cesar Cabrera, Olivia TI Multiscale influences on extreme winter rainfall in the Philippines SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE coupled modeling ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; TROPICAL INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATION; PREDICTION SYSTEM COAMPS; AIR-SEA INTERACTIONS; MARITIME CONTINENT; PRECIPITATION EVENT; MJO; OCEAN; PREDICTABILITY; VARIABILITY AB During 2007-2008, the Philippines experienced the greatest rainfall in 40 winters. We use a combination of observations (including 48 meteorological stations distributed throughout the islands, Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite-sensed precipitation, and shipboard measurements) along with a high-resolution two-way coupled ocean/atmosphere model (3km Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS)(R)) to examine this anomalous season. As expected from climatology, rainfall was greatest on the eastern side of the archipelago, with seasonal totals exceeding 4000mm in some locations. A moderate to strong La Nina increased the rainfall across the region. But discrete precipitation events delivered the bulk of the rain to the area and coincided with intense Madden-Julian oscillation activity over the archipelago and a late February cold surge. General patterns and magnitudes of rainfall produced by the two-way coupled model agreed with observations from land and from space. During the discrete events, the 3km COAMPS also produced high amounts of precipitation in the mountainous parts of central Philippines. Direct observations were limited in this region. However, the government reported river flooding and evacuations in Mindoro during February 2008 as a result of significant rainfall. In addition, shipboard measurements from late January 2008 (collected by the Philippines Straits Dynamics Experiment) reveal a fresh lens of water to the west of the island of Mindoro, consistent with high freshwater discharge (river runoff) into the coastal area. C1 [Pullen, Julie] Stevens Inst Technol, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. [Gordon, Arnold L.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA. [Flatau, Maria; Doyle, James D.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Villanoy, Cesar; Cabrera, Olivia] Univ Philippines Diliman, Inst Marine Sci, Quezon City, Philippines. RP Pullen, J (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. EM Julie.Pullen@Stevens.edu RI Gordon, Arnold/H-1049-2011 OI Gordon, Arnold/0000-0001-6480-6095 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-10-1-0300, 0601153N]; ONR [N00014-09-1-0582, N00014-10-1-0426] FX Data contributing to the results of this research can be made available by the author upon request. COAMPS (R) is a registered trademark of the Naval Research Laboratory. The research support for J. Pullen was provided by Office of Naval Research (ONR) grant N00014-10-1-0300. A.L. Gordon was funded by ONR grants N00014-09-1-0582 and N00014-10-1-0426. M. Flatau and J. Doyle were supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) program element 0601153N. Special thanks to PAGASA for processing the station data at higher temporal frequency. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory contribution 7886. NR 67 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 13 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD APR 27 PY 2015 VL 120 IS 8 BP 3292 EP 3309 DI 10.1002/2014JD022645 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CI5UU UT WOS:000354826100018 ER PT J AU Tomer, D Rajput, S Hudy, LJ Li, CH Li, L AF Tomer, D. Rajput, S. Hudy, L. J. Li, C. H. Li, L. TI Carrier transport in reverse-biased graphene/semiconductor Schottky junctions SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-CELLS; DIODES; BARRIER; DETECTOR; GAAS AB Reverse-biased graphene (Gr)/semiconductor Schottky diodes exhibit much enhanced sensitivity for gas sensing. However, carrier transport across these junctions is not fully understood yet. Here, Gr/SiC, Gr/GaAs, and Gr/Si Schottky junctions under reverse bias are investigated by temperature-dependent current-voltage measurements. A reduction in barrier height with increasing bias is observed for all junctions, suggesting electric-field enhanced thermionic emission. Further analysis of the field dependence of the reverse current reveals that while carrier transport in Gr/SiC Schottky junctions follows the Poole-Frenkel mechanism, it deviates from both the Poole-Frankel and Schottky mechanisms in Gr/Si and Gr/GaAs junctions, particularly for low temperatures and fields. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Tomer, D.; Rajput, S.; Hudy, L. J.; Li, L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. [Li, C. H.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Tomer, D (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. EM dtomer@uwm.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-FG02-07ER46228] FX Research supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Award No. DE-FG02-07ER46228. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 18 U2 72 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 27 PY 2015 VL 106 IS 17 AR 173510 DI 10.1063/1.4919727 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CH2ES UT WOS:000353839100066 ER PT J AU Kim, M Bewley, WW Canedy, CL Kim, CS Merritt, CD Abell, J Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR AF Kim, Mijin Bewley, William W. Canedy, Chadwick L. Kim, Chul Soo Merritt, Charles D. Abell, Joshua Vurgaftman, Igor Meyer, Jerry R. TI High-power continuous-wave interband cascade lasers with 10 active stages SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article AB We report the pulsed and continuous wave (cw) performance of 10-stage interband cascade lasers (ICLs) emitting at both lambda approximate to 3.2 mu m and lambda approximate to 3.45 mu m. The slope efficiency is higher while the external differential quantum efficiency per stage remains about the same when comparison is made to earlier results for 7-stage ICLs with similar carrier-rebalanced designs. At T = 25 degrees C, an 18-mu m-wide ridge with 4.5 mm cavity length and high-reflection/anti-reflection coatings emits up to 464 mW of cw output power with beam quality factor M-2 = 1.9, for higher brightness than has ever been reported previously for an ICL. When the cavity length is reduced to 1 mm, both the 10-stage and 7-stage devices reach 18% cw wallplug efficiency at T = 25 degrees C. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America C1 [Kim, Mijin] Sotera Def Solut Inc, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Bewley, William W.; Canedy, Chadwick L.; Kim, Chul Soo; Merritt, Charles D.; Abell, Joshua; Vurgaftman, Igor; Meyer, Jerry R.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Vurgaftman, I (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM MWIR_lasers@nrl.navy.mil NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 18 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD APR 20 PY 2015 VL 23 IS 8 BP 9664 EP 9672 DI 10.1364/OE.23.009664 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA CG4ZY UT WOS:000353299300011 PM 25969003 ER PT J AU Withers, LP Narducci, FA AF Withers, L. P., Jr. Narducci, F. A. TI A bilocal picture of quantum mechanics SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL LA English DT Article DE propagators; bilocal events; probability density; current density; Born's rule; probabilistic Schrodinger equation AB A new, bilocal picture of quantum mechanics is developed. We show that Born's rule supports a virtual probability for a particle to arrive, as a wave, at any two locations (but no more). We discuss two ways to implement twin detectors suitable for detecting bilocal arrivals. The bilocal picture sheds light on currents in quantum mechanics. We find there are two types of bilocal current density, whose polar form and related mean velocities are given. In the bilocal context, the definitions of both current types simplify. In the unilocal case, the two types become the usual current and a fluctuation current. Their respective mean velocity fields are the usual de Broglie-Madelung-Bohm velocity and the imaginary (osmotic) velocity. We obtain a new, probabilistic Schrodinger equation for the bilocal probability by itself, solve the example of a free particle, develop the dyadic stationary states, and find that the von Neumann equation for time-varying density of states follows directly from the new equation. We also show how to include the electromagnetic potentials in this probabilistic Schrodinger equation. C1 [Withers, L. P., Jr.] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Narducci, F. A.] Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Withers, LP (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM lpwithers@mitre.org; francesco.narducci@navy.mil NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1751-8113 EI 1751-8121 J9 J PHYS A-MATH THEOR JI J. Phys. A-Math. Theor. PD APR 17 PY 2015 VL 48 IS 15 AR 155304 DI 10.1088/1751-8113/48/15/155304 PG 23 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA CE8SG UT WOS:000352113800010 ER PT J AU Wang, Z Zhang, G Peng, MS Chen, JH Lin, SJ AF Wang, Zhuo Zhang, Gan Peng, Melinda S. Chen, Jan-Huey Lin, Shian-Jiann TI Predictability of Atlantic tropical cyclones in the GFDL HiRAM model SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE predictability of Atlantic tropical cyclones; regional Hadley circulation; seasonal prediction ID HURRICANE ACTIVITY; EL-NINO; VARIABILITY; CLIMATOLOGY; SIMULATIONS; MECHANISMS; INCREASE; TRACKS AB The hindcasts of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) High-Resolution Atmospheric Model (HiRAM), which skillfully predicted the interannual variability of Atlantic tropical cyclone (TC) frequency, were analyzed to investigate what key circulation systems a model must capture in order to skillfully predict TCs. The HiRAM reproduced the leading empirical orthogonal function mode (M1) of the interannual variability of the Atlantic Hadley circulation and its impacts on environmental conditions. M1 represents the variability of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) intensity and width, and the predictability of Atlantic TCs can be explained by the lag correlation between M1 and SST in preceding months. Although the ITCZ displacement was not well predicted by the HiRAM hindcasts, it does not affect the prediction of the basin-wide hurricane count. The analyses suggest that the leading mode of the variability of the regional Hadley circulation can serve as a useful metric to evaluate the performance of global models in TC seasonal prediction. C1 [Wang, Zhuo; Zhang, Gan] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL 61820 USA. [Peng, Melinda S.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Chen, Jan-Huey] Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. [Lin, Shian-Jiann] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Wang, Z (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL 61820 USA. EM zhuowang@illinois.edu RI Zhang, Gan/C-5932-2016 OI Zhang, Gan/0000-0002-7323-3409 FU National Science Foundation [AGS-1118429]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-1-0446] FX The ERA-Interim reanalysis is available from the NCAR CISL Research Data Archive, and the HURDAT2 data are available at http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/Data_Storm.html. This work is supported by the National Science Foundation grant AGS-1118429 and the Office of Naval Research grant N00014-11-1-0446. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD APR 16 PY 2015 VL 42 IS 7 BP 2547 EP 2554 DI 10.1002/2015GL063587 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CH4FL UT WOS:000353988700060 ER PT J AU Venn-Watson, SK Jensen, ED Smith, CR Xitco, M Ridgway, SH AF Venn-Watson, Stephanie K. Jensen, Eric D. Smith, Cynthia R. Xitco, Mark Ridgway, Sam H. TI Evaluation of annual survival and mortality rates and longevity of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) at the United States Navy Marine Mammal Program from 2004 through 2013 SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS; POPULATION HEALTH; SEA LIONS; AGE; COLLECTION; IMPACTS; FLORIDA; SIZE AB Objective-To evaluate annual survival and mortality rates and the longevity of a managed population of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). Design-Retrospective cohort study. Animals-103 bottlenose dolphins at the US Navy Marine Mammal Program (MMP). Procedures-Population age structures, annual survival and crude mortality rates, and median age at death for dolphins > 30 days old were determined from 2004 through 2013. Results-During 2004 through 2013, the annual survival rates for MMP dolphins ranged from 0.98 to 1.0, and the annual crude mortality rates ranged from 0% to 5%, with a mean of 2.7%. The median age at death was 30.1 years from 2004 through 2008 and increased to 32 years from 2009 through 2013. The maximum age for a dolphin in the study was 52 years. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Results indicated that the annual mortality rates were low and survival rates were high for dolphins in the MMP from 2004 through 2013 and that the median age at death for MMP dolphins during that time was over 10 years greater than that reported in free-ranging dolphins. These findings were likely attributable to the continually improving care and husbandry of managed dolphin populations. C1 [Venn-Watson, Stephanie K.; Smith, Cynthia R.; Ridgway, Sam H.] Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Jensen, Eric D.; Xitco, Mark] US Navy Marine Mammal Program, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Venn-Watson, SK (reprint author), Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, 2240 Shelter Isl Dr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM stephanie.venn-watston@nmmf.org NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 16 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 EI 1943-569X J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD APR 15 PY 2015 VL 246 IS 8 BP 893 EP 898 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA CK0XW UT WOS:000355930000030 PM 25835174 ER PT J AU Medley, A Bachanas, P Grillo, M Hasen, N Amanyeiwe, U AF Medley, Amy Bachanas, Pamela Grillo, Michael Hasen, Nina Amanyeiwe, Ugochukwu TI Integrating Prevention Interventions for People Living With HIV Into Care and Treatment Programs: A Systematic Review of the Evidence SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Review DE HIV; AIDS; resource-limited settings; HIV prevention; people living with HIV; positive health; dignity; and prevention ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; FAMILY-PLANNING-SERVICES; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY ADHERENCE; HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS; SOUTH-AFRICA; DISCORDANT COUPLES; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; EPIDEMIOLOGIC EVIDENCE AB Introduction:This review assesses the impact of prevention interventions for people living with HIV on HIV-related mortality, morbidity, retention in care, quality of life, and prevention of ongoing HIV transmission in resource-limited settings (RLSs).Methods:We conducted a systematic review of studies reporting the results of prevention interventions for people living with HIV in RLS published between January 2000 and August 2014. Standardized methods of searching and data abstraction were used.Results:Ninety-two studies met the eligibility criteria: 24 articles related to adherence counseling and support, 13 on risk reduction education and condom provision, 19 on partner HIV testing and counseling, 14 on provision of family planning services, and 22 on assessment and treatment of other sexually transmitted infections. Findings indicate good evidence that adherence counseling and sexually transmitted infection treatment can have a high impact on morbidity, whereas risk reduction education, partner HIV testing and counseling, and family planning counseling can prevent transmission of HIV. More limited evidence was found to support the impact of these interventions on retention in care and quality of life. Most studies did not report cost information, making it difficult to draw conclusions about the cost-effectiveness of these interventions.Conclusions:This evidence suggests that these prevention interventions, if brought to sufficient scale and coverage, can help support and optimize the impact of core treatment and prevention interventions in RLS. Further operational research with more rigorous study designs, and ideally with biomarkers and costing information, is needed to determine the best model for providing these interventions in RLS. C1 [Medley, Amy; Bachanas, Pamela] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Grillo, Michael] US Dept Def, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, HIV AIDS Prevent Program, San Diego, CA USA. [Hasen, Nina] US Dept State, Off US Global AIDS Coordinator & Hlth Diplomacy, Washington, DC 20520 USA. [Amanyeiwe, Ugochukwu] US Agcy Int Dev, Off HIV AIDS, Washington, DC 20523 USA. RP Medley, A (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM amedley@cdc.gov FU US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the US Department of State Office of the US Global AIDS Coordinator and Health Diplomacy; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; US Department of Defense; US Agency for International Development FX Supported by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the US Department of State Office of the US Global AIDS Coordinator and Health Diplomacy, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the US Department of Defense, and the US Agency for International Development. NR 109 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD APR 15 PY 2015 VL 68 SU 3 BP S286 EP S296 DI 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000520 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA CH6CN UT WOS:000354123500005 PM 25768868 ER PT J AU Yin, P Parrish, DA Shreeve, JM AF Yin, Ping Parrish, Damon A. Shreeve, Jean'ne M. TI Energetic Multifunctionalized Nitraminopyrazoles and Their Ionic Derivatives: Ternary Hydrogen-Bond Induced High Energy Density Materials SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SALTS; 4-CHLORO-3,5-DINITROPYRAZOLE; MONO AB Diverse functionalization was introduced into the pyrazole framework giving rise to a new family of ternary hydrogen-bond induced high energy density materials. By incorporating extended cationic interactions, nitramine-based ionic derivatives exhibit good energetic performance and enhanced molecular stability. Performance parameters including heats of formation and detonation properties were calculated by using Gaussian 03 and EXPLO5 v6.01 programs, respectively. It is noteworthy to find that 5-nitramino-3,4-dinitropyrazole, 4, has a remarkable measured density of 1.97 g cm(-3) at 298 K, which is consistent with its crystal density (2.032 g cm(-3), 150 K), and ranks highest among azole-based CHNO compounds. Energetic evaluation indicates that, in addition to the molecular compound 4, some ionic derivatives, 9, 11, 12, 17, 19, and 22, also have high densities (1.83-1.97 g cm(-3)), excellent detonation pressures and velocities (P, 35.6-41.6 GPa; vD, 8880-9430 m s(-1)), as well as acceptable impact and friction sensitivities (IS, 4-30 J; FS, 40-240 N). These attractive features highlight the application potential of nitramino hydrogen-bonded interactions in the design of advanced energetic materials. C1 [Yin, Ping; Shreeve, Jean'ne M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Parrish, Damon A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shreeve, JM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM jshreeve@uidaho.edu RI Yin, Ping/A-3699-2014 OI Yin, Ping/0000-0002-2870-8225 FU ONR [N00014-12-1-0536]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA 1-11-1-0034] FX The authors are grateful for the support of ONR (N00014-12-1-0536) and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (HDTRA 1-11-1-0034). The authors acknowledge Dr. Orion Berryman (NSF CHE-1337908) for considerable assistance with crystal structures. NR 36 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 7 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 15 PY 2015 VL 137 IS 14 BP 4778 EP 4786 DI 10.1021/jacs.5b00714 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA CG3JS UT WOS:000353177100034 PM 25807076 ER PT J AU Cothran, CD Boris, DR Compton, CS Tejero, EM Fernsler, RF Amatucci, WE Walton, SG AF Cothran, C. D. Boris, D. R. Compton, C. S. Tejero, E. M. Fernsler, R. F. Amatucci, W. E. Walton, S. G. TI Continuous and pulsed electron beam production from an uninterrupted plasma cathode SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Electron beam; Plasma processing; Hollow cathode; Plasma ID GENERATED PLASMAS; EXCITATION; DISCHARGE; GUN AB Electron extraction from a hollow cathode plasma discharge through a primary anode, biased with a DC accelerating potential, is controlled to produce either a pulsed or a continuous electron beam without interruption of the discharge. The beam is on while a secondary anode, interior to the hollow cathode, is electrically isolated. While the primary and secondary anodes are electrically connected, the beam is off. Pulses as short as 10 mu s have been produced, rise times are <1 mu s, the maximum beam-on duration is unlimited, and almost any duty cycle is possible. This source has been operated up to 3 kV and has produced beams of up to 80 mA. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Boris, D. R.; Tejero, E. M.; Fernsler, R. F.; Amatucci, W. E.; Walton, S. G.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cothran, C. D.; Compton, C. S.] Sotera Def Solut Inc, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. RP Walton, SG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM scott.walton@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory Base Program; Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD APR 15 PY 2015 VL 267 BP 111 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2014.08.006 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA CH2HG UT WOS:000353845700018 ER PT J AU Wong, D Shrestha, B Wetz, DA Heinzel, JM AF Wong, Derek Shrestha, Biju Wetz, David A. Heinzel, John M. TI Impact of high rate discharge on the aging of lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Lithium-ion batteries; Capacity fade; Impedance spectrum; Pulsed discharge; High C rate; Aging ID ENERGY-STORAGE DEVICES; ION BATTERIES; CYCLE-LIFE; MECHANISMS AB In this study, three identical LiNixCoyAl1-x-yO2, (NCA) batteries are evaluated to understand the impact of high rate discharge on the rate of capacity fade. The first of the three cells is repeatedly discharged in a pulse width modulated (PWM) manner at a frequency of 10 kHz, duty cycle of 50%, and peak rate of 83C (250 A). The second cell is repeatedly discharged at a constant current (CC) rate of 25C (75 A) while the third cell, which serves as the control cell, is discharged at its nominal CC rate of 1C (3 A). All three cells are recharged using a 1C CC recharge procedure to minimize the impact of recharge on cell aging. Novel and commercially procured battery cyclers are used to experimentally discharge and recharge the cells. Periodic baseline measurements, in which both capacity and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements show that the degradation mechanisms are enhanced under high rate pulse discharge cycling conditions. EIS modeling points to breakdown in the integrity of the anodic side double layer and increased charge transfer resistance as the largest contributors to impedance evolution in the cell. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wong, Derek] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Shrestha, Biju; Wetz, David A.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Elect Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Heinzel, John M.] Carderock Div, Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA. RP Wetz, DA (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Elect Engn, 416 Yates St, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. EM derek.wong@mavs.uta.edu; biju.shrestha@mavs.uta.edu; wetz@uta.edu; john.heinzel@navy.mil FU US Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-11-1-0659] FX This material is based upon work supported by US Office of Naval Research (ONR) under contract number N00014-11-1-0659. The authors would like to express thanks to ONR for their continued support. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the US Office of Naval Research. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 17 U2 121 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD APR 15 PY 2015 VL 280 BP 363 EP 372 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.01.110 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA CD2XD UT WOS:000350941400045 ER PT J AU Davis, J Petrov, GM Petrova, TB AF Davis, J. Petrov, G. M. Petrova, Tz B. TI Line emission radiation during early-time interaction of an intense short laser pulse with an ultrathin planar aluminum target SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE laser-plasma interaction; particle-in-cell; atomic physics model; x-ray radiation; Bremsstrahlung radiation ID IN-CELL SIMULATIONS; PHOTON-ESCAPE PROBABILITIES; PLASMA; ALGORITHM; EQUATION AB The interaction of an intense short laser pulse with an ultrathin planar aluminum foil is investigated with a fully relativistic particle-in-cell model self-consistently coupled to an atomic dynamics model describing the non-local thermodynamic equilibrium level population dynamics and radiative behavior of a plasma evolving on a picosecond timescale. For typical experimental conditions, laser pulses with energy 1 J, intensity 10(20)Wcm(-2), and duration 40 fs, a synthetic spectrum for the emission lines is generated as a function of time for lines emanating in the hydrogen-and helium-like ionization stages. It is found that He-alpha, He-beta, Ly(alpha), and Ly(beta) lines have intensities above the Bremsstrahlung continuum and could serve as diagnostics for the evolving plasma condition. C1 [Davis, J.; Petrov, G. M.; Petrova, Tz B.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Davis, J (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jack.davis@nrl.navy.mil FU NRL FX This work was supported by NRL as part of their 6.1 Base Program. We also thank Dr John Giuliani for his insight and comments during the course of this investigation. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 EI 1361-6455 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD APR 14 PY 2015 VL 48 IS 7 AR 075601 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/48/7/075601 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA CE3WX UT WOS:000351761900012 ER PT J AU Davenport, JRA Ruan, JJ Becker, AC Macleod, CL Cutri, RM AF Davenport, James R. A. Ruan, John J. Becker, Andrew C. Macleod, Chelsea L. Cutri, Roc M. TI SDSS J14584479+3720215: A BENCHMARK JHK(S) BLAZAR LIGHT CURVE FROM THE 2MASS CALIBRATION SCANS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE quasars: general; surveys ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; DAMPED RANDOM-WALK; INFRARED VARIABILITY; RHO-OPHIUCHUS; OPTICAL VARIABILITY; ACCRETION DISKS; BRIGHT BLAZARS AB Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are well-known to exhibit flux variability across a wide range of wavelength regimes, but the precise origin of the variability at different wavelengths remains unclear. To investigate the relatively unexplored near-IR (NIR) variability of the most luminous AGNs, we conduct a search for variability using well sampled JHK(s)-band light curves from the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) calibration fields. Our sample includes 27 known quasars with an average of 924 epochs of observation over three years, as well as one spectroscopically confirmed blazar (SDSS J14584479+3720215) with 1972 epochs of data. This is the best-sampled NIR photometric blazar light curve to date, and it exhibits correlated, stochastic variability that we characterize with continuous auto-regressive moving average (CARMA) models. None of the other 26 known quasars had detectable variability in the 2MASS bands above the photometric uncertainty. A blind search of the 2MASS calibration field light curves for active galactic nucleus (AGN) candidates based on fitting CARMA(1,0) models (damped-random walk) uncovered only seven candidates. All seven were young stellar objects within the rho Ophiuchus star forming region, five with previous X-ray detections. A significant gamma-ray detection (5 sigma) for the known blazar using 4.5 yr of Fermi photon data is also found. We suggest that strong NIR variability of blazars, such as seen for SDSS J14584479+3720215, can be used as an efficient method of identifying previously unidentified gamma-ray blazars, with low contamination from other AGNs. C1 [Davenport, James R. A.; Ruan, John J.; Becker, Andrew C.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Macleod, Chelsea L.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Cutri, Roc M.] CALTECH, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Davenport, JRA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM jrad@astro.washington.edu FU NASA ADP grant [NNX09AC77G, NNX14AK26G]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation FX We thank P. Plavchan and J. Parks for helpful discussions of YSO variability and for sharing an early version of their manuscript. The authors acknowledge support from NASA ADP grant NNX09AC77G and NNX14AK26G. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research has made use of data obtained from the Chandra Source Catalog, provided by the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC) as part of the Chandra Data Archive. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 10 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 1 AR 2 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/803/1/2 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG1EI UT WOS:000353015400002 ER PT J AU Michael, AT Opher, M Provornikova, E Richardson, JD Toth, G AF Michael, A. T. Opher, M. Provornikova, E. Richardson, J. D. Toth, G. TI MAGNETIC FLUX CONSERVATION IN THE HELIOSHEATH INCLUDING SOLAR CYCLE VARIATIONS OF MAGNETIC FIELD INTENSITY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); solar wind; Sun: activity; Sun: heliosphere; Sun: magnetic fields ID 3-DIMENSIONAL FEATURES; OUTER HELIOSPHERE; COSMIC-RAYS; INTERSTELLAR; SYSTEM AB In the heliosheath (HS), Voyager 2 has observed a flow with constant radial velocity and magnetic flux conservation. Voyager 1, however, has observed a decrease in the flow's radial velocity and an order of magnitude decrease in magnetic flux. We investigate the role of the 11 yr solar cycle variation of the magnetic field strength on the magnetic flux within the HS using a global 3D magnetohydrodynamic model of the heliosphere. We use time and latitude-dependent solar wind velocity and density inferred from Solar and Heliospheric Observatory/SWAN and interplanetary scintillations data and implemented solar cycle variations of the magnetic field derived from 27 day averages of the field magnitude average of the magnetic field at 1 AU from the OMNI database. With the inclusion of the solar cycle time-dependent magnetic field intensity, the model matches the observed intensity of the magnetic field in the HS along both Voyager 1 and 2. This is a significant improvement from the same model without magnetic field solar cycle variations, which was over a factor of two larger. The model accurately predicts the radial velocity observed by Voyager 2; however, the model predicts a flow speed similar to 100 km s(-1) larger than that derived from LECP measurements at Voyager 1. In the model, magnetic flux is conserved along both Voyager trajectories, contrary to observations. This implies that the solar cycle variations in solar wind magnetic field observed at 1 AU does not cause the order of magnitude decrease in magnetic flux observed in the Voyager 1 data. C1 [Michael, A. T.; Opher, M.] Boston Univ, Dept Astron, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Provornikova, E.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Richardson, J. D.] MIT, Kavli Ctr Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Toth, G.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Michael, AT (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Astron, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM atmich@bu.edu; mopher@bu.edu; elena.a.provornikova@nasa.gov; jdr@space.mit.edu; gtoth@umich.edu RI Toth, Gabor/B-7977-2013 OI Toth, Gabor/0000-0002-5654-9823 FU NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science [NNX14AO14H]; NASA [NNX14AIB0G, NNX13AE04G, 959203] FX This work was supported by NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program-grant NNX14AO14H. M.O. and A.M. acknowledge the support of NASA Grand Challenge NNX14AIB0G and NASA award NNX13AE04G. The calculations were performed at NASA AMES Pleiades Supercomputer. J.D.R. was supported under NASA contract 959203 from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD APR 10 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 1 AR L6 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/803/1/L6 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CF8NC UT WOS:000352817200006 ER PT J AU Wang, YM AF Wang, Y. -M. TI PSEUDOSTREAMERS AS THE SOURCE OF A SEPARATE CLASS OF SOLAR CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Sun: activity; Sun: corona; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: filaments, prominences; Sun: heliosphere; Sun: magnetic fields ID STREAMERS; BELTS; WIND AB Using white-light and extreme-ultraviolet imaging observations, we confirm that pseudostreamers (streamers that separate coronal holes of the same polarity) give rise to a different type of coronal mass ejection (CME) from that associated with helmet streamers (defined as separating coronal holes of opposite polarity). Whereas helmet streamers are the source of the familiar bubble-shaped CMEs characterized by gradual acceleration and a three-part structure, pseudostreamers produce narrower, fanlike ejections with roughly constant speeds. These ejections, which are typically triggered by underlying filament eruptions or small, flaring active regions, are confined laterally and channeled outward by the like-polarity open flux that converges onto the pseudostreamer plasma sheet from both sides. In contrast, helmet streamer CMEs are centered on the relatively weak field around the heliospheric current sheet and thus undergo greater lateral expansion. Pseudostreamer ejections have a morphological resemblance to white-light jets from coronal holes; however, unlike the latter, they are not primarily driven by interchange reconnection, and tend to have larger widths (similar to 20 degrees-30 degrees), lower speeds (similar to 250-700 km s(-1)), and more complex internal structure. C1 Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wang, YM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM yi.wang@nrl.navy.mil FU CNR FX This CNR-supported work benefited from discussions with R. C. Colaninno, N. R. Sheeley, Jr., D. G. Socker, and G. Stenborg. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD APR 10 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 1 AR L12 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/803/1/L12 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CF8NC UT WOS:000352817200012 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, L Adkins, JK Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alekseev, I Alford, J Aparin, A Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, EC Averichev, GS Banerjee, A Bellwied, R Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhattarai, P Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Bouchet, J Brandin, AV Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Butterworth, J Caines, H S'anchez, MCD Campbell, JM Cebra, D Cervantes, MC Chakaberia, I Chaloupka, P Chang, Z Chattopadhyay, S Chen, JH Cheng, J Cherney, M Christie, W Codrington, MJM Contin, G Crawford, HJ Das, S De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD di Ruzza, B Didenko, L Dilks, C Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Engelage, J Eppley, G Esha, R Evdokimov, O Eyser, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Federic, P Fedorisin, J Feng Filip, P Fisyak, Y Flores, CE Gagliardi, CA Garand, D Geurts, F Gibson, A Girard, M Greiner, L Grosnick, D Gunarathne, DS Guo, Y Gupta, S Gupta, A Guryn, W Hamad, A Hamed, A Haque, R Harris, JW He, L Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Horvat, S Huang, HZ Huang, X Huang, B Huck, P Humanic, TJ Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jang, H Judd, EG Kabana, S Kalinkin, D Kang, K Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Khan, ZH Kikola, DP Kisel, I Kisiel, A Klein, R Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Kosarzewski, LK Kotchenda, L Kraishan, AF Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kulakov, I Kumar, L Kycia, RA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Landry, KD Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Li, X Li, C Li, X Li, W Li, ZM Li, Y Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Lomnitz, M Longacre, RS Luo, X Ma, L Ma, GL Ma, YG Ma, R Magdy, N Majka, R Manion, A Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, DA Mustafa, MK Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nigmatkulov, G Nogach, LV Noh, SY Novak, J Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Okorokov, V Olvitt, DL Page, BS Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Pile, P Planinic, M Pluta, J Poljak, N Poniatowska, K Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Pruthi, NK Przybycien, M Putschke, J Qiu, H Quintero, A Ramachandran, S Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Roy, A Ruan, L Rusnak, J Rusnakova, O Sahoo, NR Sahu, PK Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandacz, A Sandweiss, J Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, WB Schmitz, N Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shanmuganathan, PV Shao, M Sharma, B Sharma, MK Shen, WQ Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Simko, M Skoby, MJ Smirnov, D Smirnov, N Solanki, D Song, L Sorensen, P Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Sumbera, M Summa, BJ Sun, Z Sun, Y Sun, X Sun, XM Surrow, B Svirida, DN Szelezniak, MA Takahashi, J Tang, Z Tang, AH Tarnowsky, T Tawfik, AN Thomas, JH Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Tripathy, SK Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Turnau, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Upsal, I Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vandenbroucke, M Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Vertesi, R Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vossen, A Wang, JS Wang, Y Wang, F Wang, Y Wang, G Wang, H Webb, JC Webb, G Wen, L Westfall, GD Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, YF Xiao, Z Xie, W Xin, K Xu, QH Xu, H Xu, N Xu, YF Xu, Z Yan, W Yang, Y Yang, Q Yang, Y Yang, C Yang, S Ye, Z Yepes, P Yi, L Yip, K Yoo, IK Yu, N Zbroszczyk, H Zha, W Zhang, JB Zhang, XP Zhang, S Zhang, Z Zhang, Y Zhang, JL Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhu, X Zoulkarneeva, Y Zyzak, M AF Adamczyk, L. Adkins, J. K. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Aparin, A. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. C. Averichev, G. S. Banerjee, A. Bellwied, R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bhattarai, P. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Bouchet, J. Brandin, A. V. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Butterworth, J. Caines, H. S'anchez, M. Calder'on de la Barca Campbell, J. M. Cebra, D. Cervantes, M. C. Chakaberia, I. Chaloupka, P. Chang, Z. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, J. H. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Christie, W. Codrington, M. J. M. Contin, G. Crawford, H. J. Das, S. De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. de Souza, R. Derradi di Ruzza, B. Didenko, L. Dilks, C. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Esha, R. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Federic, P. Fedorisin, J. Feng Filip, P. Fisyak, Y. Flores, C. E. Gagliardi, C. A. Garand, D. Geurts, F. Gibson, A. Girard, M. Greiner, L. Grosnick, D. Gunarathne, D. S. Guo, Y. Gupta, S. Gupta, A. Guryn, W. Hamad, A. Hamed, A. Haque, R. Harris, J. W. He, L. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Horvat, S. Huang, H. Z. Huang, X. Huang, B. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jang, H. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kalinkin, D. Kang, K. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Khan, Z. H. Kikola, D. P. Kisel, I. Kisiel, A. Klein, R. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Kosarzewski, L. K. Kotchenda, L. Kraishan, A. F. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kulakov, I. Kumar, L. Kycia, R. A. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. Landry, K. D. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Li, X. Li, C. Li, X. Li, W. Li, Z. M. Li, Y. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Lomnitz, M. Longacre, R. S. Luo, X. Ma, L. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Ma, R. Magdy, N. Majka, R. Manion, A. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, D. A. Mustafa, M. K. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nigmatkulov, G. Nogach, L. V. Noh, S. Y. Novak, J. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Okorokov, V. Olvitt, D. L., Jr. Page, B. S. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Poljak, N. Poniatowska, K. Porter, J. Poskanzer, A. M. Pruthi, N. K. Przybycien, M. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Quintero, A. Ramachandran, S. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Roy, A. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Rusnakova, O. Sahoo, N. R. Sahu, P. K. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandacz, A. Sandweiss, J. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, W. B. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shanmuganathan, P. V. Shao, M. Sharma, B. Sharma, M. K. Shen, W. Q. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Simko, M. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, D. Smirnov, N. Solanki, D. Song, L. Sorensen, P. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Sumbera, M. Summa, B. J. Sun, Z. Sun, Y. Sun, X. Sun, X. M. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Szelezniak, M. A. Takahashi, J. Tang, Z. Tang, A. H. Tarnowsky, T. Tawfik, A. N. Thomas, J. H. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Tripathy, S. K. Trzeciak, B. A. Tsai, O. D. Turnau, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Upsal, I. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vandenbroucke, M. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Vertesi, R. Videbaek, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Vossen, A. Wang, J. S. Wang, Y. Wang, F. Wang, Y. Wang, G. Wang, H. Webb, J. C. Webb, G. Wen, L. Westfall, G. D. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. F. Xiao, Z. Xie, W. Xin, K. Xu, Q. H. Xu, H. Xu, N. Xu, Y. F. Xu, Z. Yan, W. Yang, Y. Yang, Q. Yang, Y. Yang, C. Yang, S. Ye, Z. Yepes, P. Yi, L. Yip, K. Yoo, I. -K. Yu, N. Zbroszczyk, H. Zha, W. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, S. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Y. Zhang, J. L. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhu, X. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zyzak, M. TI Effect of event selection on jetlike correlation measurement in d plus Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID TIME PROJECTION CHAMBER; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; ANGULAR-CORRELATIONS; PPB COLLISIONS; LONG-RANGE; STAR; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE; SIDE AB Dihadron correlations are analyzed in root s(NN) = 200 GeV d + Au collisions classified by forward charged particle multiplicity and zero-degree neutral energy in the Au-beam direction. It is found that the jetlike correlated yield increases with the event multiplicity. After taking into account this dependence, the non-jet contribution on the away side is minimal, leaving little room for a back-to-back ridge in these collisions. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Przybycien, M.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Bland, L. C.; Burton, T. P.; Chakaberia, I.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Eyser, O.; Fazio, S.; Fisyak, Y.; Guryn, W.; Ke, H. W.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; Li, X.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Ma, R.; Ogawa, A.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Schmidke, W. B.; Smirnov, D.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Wang, H.; Webb, J. C.; Webb, G.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [S'anchez, M. Calder'on de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Draper, J. E.; Flores, C. E.; Romero, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dunkelberger, L. E.; Esha, R.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Landry, K. D.; Nasim, Md.; Pan, Y. X.; Shah, N.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Wen, L.; Zhao, F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [de Souza, R. Derradi; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, BR-13131 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Feng; Huck, P.; Li, Z. M.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Pei, H.; Sun, X. M.; Wang, Y.; Yu, N.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhao, J.] Cent China Normal Univ, HZNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Evdokimov, O.; Hofman, D. J.; Huang, B.; Kauder, K.; Khan, Z. H.; Pandit, Y.; Ye, Z.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Cherney, M.; De Silva, L. C.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Rusnakova, O.; Trzeciak, B. A.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Federic, P.; Rusnak, J.; Simko, M.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.; Vertesi, R.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. [Kisel, I.; Kollegger, T.; Kulakov, I.; Stock, R.; Zyzak, M.] Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Das, S.; Sahu, P. K.; Tripathy, S. K.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Skoby, M. J.; Vossen, A.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Kalinkin, D.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, S.; Gupta, A.; Sharma, M. K.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Agakishiev, G.; Aparin, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Alford, J.; Bouchet, J.; Hamad, A.; Keane, D.; Lomnitz, M.; Margetis, S.; Quintero, A.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Adkins, J. K.; Fatemi, R.; Ramachandran, S.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Jang, H.; Noh, S. Y.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Taejon 305701, South Korea. [Du, C. M.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. [Contin, G.; Dong, X.; Greiner, L.; Klein, R.; Manion, A.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Mustafa, M. K.; Odyniec, G.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Schmah, A. M.; Shi, S. S.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X.; Szelezniak, M. A.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [van Nieuwenhuizen, G.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Novak, J.; Tarnowsky, T.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Okorokov, V.; Strikhanov, M.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Haque, R.; Mohanty, B.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Campbell, J. M.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.; Upsal, I.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kycia, R. A.; Pawlik, B.; Turnau, J.] PAN, Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.; Sharma, B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Dilks, C.; Heppelmann, S.; Summa, B. J.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Russia. [Garand, D.; He, L.; Hirsch, A.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Xie, W.; Yi, L.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Solanki, D.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Butterworth, J.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Roberts, J. B.; Xin, K.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Guo, Y.; Li, C.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Yang, Q.; Yang, C.; Yang, S.; Zha, W.; Zhang, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Xu, Q. H.; Zhang, J. L.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Chen, J. H.; Li, W.; Ma, L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shen, W. Q.; Shou, Q. Y.; Xu, Y. F.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, Z.; Zhong, C.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Kabana, S.] SUBATECH, F-44307 Nantes, France. [Gunarathne, D. S.; Kraishan, A. F.; Li, X.; Olvitt, D. L., Jr.; Surrow, B.; Vandenbroucke, M.] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Cervantes, M. C.; Chang, Z.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mondal, M. M.; Sahoo, N. R.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bhattarai, P.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; McDonald, D.; Song, L.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Huang, X.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z.; Yan, W.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Drachenberg, J. L.; Gibson, A.; Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Banerjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Nayak, T. K.; Roy, A.; Tribedy, P.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Girard, M.; Kikola, D. P.; Kisiel, A.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Pawlak, T.; Pluta, J.; Poniatowska, K.; Sandacz, A.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, PL-00661 Warsaw, Poland. [Llope, W. J.; Putschke, J.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Magdy, N.; Tawfik, A. N.] World Lab Cosmol & Particle Phys, Cairo 11571, Egypt. [Caines, H.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Yi, L (reprint author), Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM yil@purdue.edu RI Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Gunarathne, Devika/C-4903-2017; Kycia, Radoslaw/J-4397-2015; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Xin, Kefeng/O-9195-2016; Yi, Li/Q-1705-2016; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Tawfik, Abdel Nasser/M-6220-2013; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Rusnak, Jan/G-8462-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010 OI Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Gunarathne, Devika/0000-0002-7155-7418; Kycia, Radoslaw/0000-0002-6390-4627; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Xin, Kefeng/0000-0003-4853-9219; Yi, Li/0000-0002-7512-2657; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Tawfik, Abdel Nasser/0000-0002-1679-0225; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; FU Office of NP within U.S. DOE Office of Science; Office of HEP within U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; Sloan Foundation; DFG cluster of excellence 'Origin and Structure of Universe' of Germany [CNRS/IN2P3]; CNRS/IN2P3 of United Kingdom; STFC of United Kingdom; EPSRC of United Kingdom; FAPESP of Brazil; CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Ed. and Sci. of Russian Federation; NNSFC of China; CAS of China; MoST of China; MoE of China; GA of Czech Republic; MSMT of Czech Republic; FOM of Netherlands; NWO of Netherlands; DAE of India; DST of India; CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Sci. and Higher Ed. of Rep. of Croatia; Korea Research Foundation of Rep. of Croatia; Ministry of Sci., Ed. and Sports of Rep. of Croatia; Russian Ministry of Sci. and Tech. of Russia; RosAtom of Russia FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, the Sloan Foundation, the DFG cluster of excellence 'Origin and Structure of the Universe' of Germany, CNRS/IN2P3, STFC and EPSRC of the United Kingdom, FAPESP CNPq of Brazil, Ministry of Ed. and Sci. of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FOM and NWO of the Netherlands, DAE, DST, and CSIR of India, Polish Ministry of Sci. and Higher Ed., Korea Research Foundation, Ministry of Sci., Ed. and Sports of the Rep. of Croatia, Russian Ministry of Sci. and Tech., and RosAtom of Russia. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD APR 9 PY 2015 VL 743 BP 333 EP 339 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2015.02.068 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA CE9EU UT WOS:000352147500051 ER PT J AU Economou, SE Barnes, E AF Economou, Sophia E. Barnes, Edwin TI Analytical approach to swift nonleaky entangling gates in superconducting qubits SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM PROCESSOR; CIRCUITS AB We develop schemes for designing pulses that implement fast and precise entangling quantum gates in superconducting qubit systems despite the presence of nearby harmful transitions. Our approach is based on purposely involving the nearest harmful transition in the quantum evolution instead of trying to avoid it. Using analytical tools, we design simple microwave control fields that implement maximally entangling gates with fidelities exceeding 99% in times as low as 40 ns. We demonstrate our approach in a two-qubit circuit QED system by designing the two most important quantum entangling gates: a conditional-NOT gate and a conditional-Z gate. Our results constitute an important step toward overcoming the problem of spectral crowding, one of the primary challenges in controlling multiqubit systems. C1 [Economou, Sophia E.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Barnes, Edwin] Univ Maryland, Condensed Matter Theory Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Barnes, Edwin] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Economou, SE (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Barnes, Edwin/A-1583-2013 FU LPS-CMTC; ONR FX This work was supported by LPS-CMTC (E.B.) and in part by ONR (S.E.E.). NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 9 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 16 AR 161405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.161405 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA CF3SY UT WOS:000352470000003 ER PT J AU Mones, L Jones, A Gotz, AW Laino, T Walker, RC Leimkuhler, B Csanyi, G Bernstein, N AF Mones, Letif Jones, Andrew Goetz, Andreas W. Laino, Teodoro Walker, Ross C. Leimkuhler, Ben Csanyi, Gabor Bernstein, Noam TI The Adaptive Buffered Force QM/MM Method in the CP2K and AMBER Software Packages SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE quantum-mechanics; molecular-mechanics; adaptive quantum-mechanics; molecular-mechanics; force-mixing; multiscale ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; SEMIEMPIRICAL METHODS; MULTISCALE SIMULATIONS; ENZYMATIC-REACTIONS; CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; SYSTEMS; DENSITY; PARAMETERS; APPROXIMATIONS; MODEL AB The implementation and validation of the adaptive buffered force (AdBF) quantum-mechanics/molecular-mechanics (QM/MM) method in two popular packages, CP2K and AMBER are presented. The implementations build on the existing QM/MM functionality in each code, extending it to allow for redefinition of the QM and MM regions during the simulation and reducing QM-MM interface errors by discarding forces near the boundary according to the buffered force-mixing approach. New adaptive thermostats, needed by force-mixing methods, are also implemented. Different variants of the method are benchmarked by simulating the structure of bulk water, water autoprotolysis in the presence of zinc and dimethyl-phosphate hydrolysis using various semiempirical Hamiltonians and density functional theory as the QM model. It is shown that with suitable parameters, based on force convergence tests, the AdBF QM/MM scheme can provide an accurate approximation of the structure in the dynamical QM region matching the corresponding fully QM simulations, as well as reproducing the correct energetics in all cases. Adaptive unbuffered force-mixing and adaptive conventional QM/MM methods also provide reasonable results for some systems, but are more likely to suffer from instabilities and inaccuracies. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Mones, Letif; Csanyi, Gabor] Univ Cambridge, Dept Engn, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England. [Jones, Andrew] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Condensed Matter & Complex Syst, Sch Phys & Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Goetz, Andreas W.; Walker, Ross C.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego Supercomp Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Laino, Teodoro] IBM Res Zurich, Math & Computat Sci Dept, CH-8803 Ruschlikon, Switzerland. [Walker, Ross C.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Leimkuhler, Ben] Univ Edinburgh, Maxwell Inst, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Leimkuhler, Ben] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Math, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Bernstein, Noam] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mones, L (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Engn, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England. EM lam81@cam.ac.uk FU EPSRC [EP/G036136/1, EP/J01298X/1]; Scottish Funding Council; National Institutes of Health [R01 GM100934]; Department of Energy [DE-AC36-99GO-10337]; National Science Foundation [OCI-1148358]; National Science Foundation [Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE)] [ACI-1053575] FX Contract grant sponsor: EPSRC (B.L.); Contract grant number: EP/G036136/1; Contract grant sponsor: Scottish Funding Council (B.L.); Contract grant sponsor: EPSRC (B.L. and G.C.); Contract grant number: EP/J01298X/1; Contract grant sponsor: National Institutes of Health (R.C.W. and A.W.G.); Contract grant number: R01 GM100934; Contract grant sponsor: Department of Energy (A.W.G.); Contract grant number: DE-AC36-99GO-10337; Contract grant sponsor: National Science Foundation; Contract grant number: OCI-1148358; Contract grant sponsor: National Science Foundation [Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE)]; Contract grant number: ACI-1053575 NR 74 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 9 U2 45 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0192-8651 EI 1096-987X J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD APR 5 PY 2015 VL 36 IS 9 BP 633 EP 648 DI 10.1002/jcc.23839 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA CC4GV UT WOS:000350311400006 PM 25649827 ER PT J AU Kukreja, V Yuan, HR Zhao, QJ AF Kukreja, Vaibhav Yuan, Hairong Zhao, Qiuju TI Stability of transonic jet with strong shock in two-dimensional steady compressible Euler flows SO JOURNAL OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS LA English DT Article DE Compressible Euler equations; Transonic; Characteristic discontinuity; Free boundary; Front tracking; Glimm functional ID WELL-POSEDNESS; CONSERVATION-LAWS; PISTON PROBLEM; EQUATIONS; EXISTENCE; SYSTEM AB For steady supersonic flow past a solid convex corner surrounded by quiescent gas, if the pressure of the upcoming supersonic flow is lower than the pressure of the quiescent gas, there may appear a strong shock to increase the pressure and then a transonic characteristic discontinuity to separate the supersonic flow behind the shock-front from the still gas. In this paper, we prove the global existence, uniqueness, and stability of such flow patterns under suitable conditions on the upstream supersonic flow and the pressure of the surrounding quiescent gas, for the two-dimensional steady complete compressible Euler system. Mathematically, a global weak solution to a characteristic free boundary problem of hyperbolic conservation laws is constructed and shown to be unique and stable under the framework of front tracking method. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kukreja, Vaibhav] Ctr Decis Risk Controls & Signals Intelligence, Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Yuan, Hairong] E China Normal Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Pure Math & Math Practice, Dept Math, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Qiuju] E China Normal Univ, Dept Math, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China. RP Yuan, HR (reprint author), E China Normal Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Pure Math & Math Practice, Dept Math, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China. EM vkukreja@nps.edu; hairongyuan0110@gmail.com; zhaoqiuju2012@gmail.com RI Yuan, Hairong/C-2160-2013 OI Yuan, Hairong/0000-0003-4873-3900 FU National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Postgraduate School; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11371141] FX The research of Vaibhav Kukreja is supported in part by a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Postgraduate School. Hairong Yuan (the corresponding author) and Qiuju Zhao are supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 11371141. The manuscript was finished when Yuan was visiting the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Cambridge, UK. He would like to thank the institute for the support and hospitality during the visit. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-0396 EI 1090-2732 J9 J DIFFER EQUATIONS JI J. Differ. Equ. PD APR 5 PY 2015 VL 258 IS 7 BP 2572 EP 2617 DI 10.1016/j.jde.2014.12.017 PG 46 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA CB9FP UT WOS:000349937700012 ER PT J AU Jones, B Montgomery, DC Silvestrini, RT Steinberg, DM AF Jones, Bradley Montgomery, Douglas C. Silvestrini, Rachel T. Steinberg, David M. TI Bridge Designs for Modeling Systems With Low Noise SO TECHNOMETRICS LA English DT Article DE Gaussian process model; Optimal design; Space-filling designs.; Computer experiments ID LATIN HYPERCUBE DESIGNS; COMPUTER EXPERIMENTS; CONSTRUCTION AB For deterministic computer simulations, Gaussian process models are a standard procedure for fitting data. These models can be used only when the study design avoids having replicated points. This characteristic is also desirable for one-dimensional projections of the design, since it may happen that one of the design factors has a strongly nonlinear effect on the response. Latin hypercube designs have uniform one-dimensional projections, but are not efficient for fitting low-order polynomials when there is a small error variance. D-optimal designs are very efficient for polynomial fitting but have substantial replication in projections. We propose a new class of designs that bridge the gap between D-optimal designs and D-optimal Latin hypercube designs. These designs guarantee a minimum distance between points in any one-dimensional projection allowing for the fit of either polynomial or Gaussian process models. Subject to this constraint they are D-optimal for a prespecified model. C1 [Jones, Bradley] SAS Inst, Cary, NC 27513 USA. [Montgomery, Douglas C.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Silvestrini, Rachel T.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Steinberg, David M.] Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. RP Jones, B (reprint author), SAS Inst, SAS Campus Dr, Cary, NC 27513 USA. FU U.S.-Israel Binational Science Foundation [200818] FX The authors thank the three referees, the Associate Editor, and the Editor for suggestions that led to substantial improvements in the article. The work of Bradley Jones and David Steinberg was funded in part by the U.S.-Israel Binational Science Foundation under grant no. 200818. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 732 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1943 USA SN 0040-1706 EI 1537-2723 J9 TECHNOMETRICS JI Technometrics PD APR 3 PY 2015 VL 57 IS 2 BP 155 EP 163 DI 10.1080/00401706.2014.923788 PG 9 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA CM8HQ UT WOS:000357940300002 ER PT J AU Weiland, C Sterbinsky, GE Rumaiz, AK Hellberg, CS Woicik, JC Zhu, SB Schlom, DG AF Weiland, Conan Sterbinsky, George E. Rumaiz, Abdul K. Hellberg, C. Stephen Woicik, Joseph C. Zhu, Shaobo Schlom, Darrell G. TI Stoichiometry dependence of potential screening at La(1-delta) Al(1+delta)O3/SrTiO3 interfaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTION PARAMETERS; RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; RANGE 100-5000 EV; OXIDE INTERFACES; CONDUCTIVITY; MECHANISM; SURFACES; SPECTRA AB Hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) and variable kinetic energy x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (VKE-XPS) analyses have been performed on ten-unit-cell-thick La(1-delta)Al(1+delta)O3 films, with La: Al ratios of 1.1, 1.0, and 0.9, deposited on SrTiO3. Only Al-rich films are known to have a conductive interface. VKE-XPS, coupled with maximum entropy analysis, shows significant differences in the compositional depth profile among the Al-rich, La-rich, and stoichiometric films: significant La enrichment at the interface is observed in the La-rich and stoichiometric films, while the Al-rich film shows little to no intermixing. Additionally, the La-rich and stoichiometric films show a high concentration of Al at the surface, which is not observed in the Al-rich film. HAXPES valence band (VB) analysis shows a broadening of the VB for the Al-rich sample relative to the stoichiometric and La-rich samples. This broadening is consistent with an electric field across the Al-rich film. These results are consistent with a defect-driven electronic reconstruction. C1 [Weiland, Conan; Woicik, Joseph C.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Sterbinsky, George E.; Rumaiz, Abdul K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Hellberg, C. Stephen] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zhu, Shaobo; Schlom, Darrell G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Schlom, Darrell G.] Cornell Univ, Kavli Inst Nanoscale Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Weiland, C (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM rumaiz@bnl.gov RI Weiland, Conan/K-4840-2012 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory; AFOSR [FA6550-10-1-0524] FX Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. The authors would like to thank Dr. Scott Chambers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for useful discussions. C.H. acknowledges support from the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program. Computations were performed at the AFRL and ERDC DoD Major Shared Resource Centers. Work at Cornell was supported by the AFOSR under Grant No. FA6550-10-1-0524. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 3 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 16 AR 165103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.165103 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA CE8WP UT WOS:000352125100001 ER PT J AU Battaile, CC Emery, JM Brewer, LN Boyce, BL AF Battaile, Corbett C. Emery, John M. Brewer, Luke N. Boyce, Brad L. TI Crystal plasticity simulations of microstructure-induced uncertainty in strain concentration near voids in brass SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article DE microstructure; texture; plastic deformation; finite element analysis; defects ID DEFORMATION AB The uncertainty in mechanical response near a cylindrical hole in polycrystalline alpha brass was simulated as a function of variations in the crystallographic orientations of the grains near the hole. A total of 4 hole sizes were examined, including the case of a microstructure without a hole, and 45 simulations were performed for each case (yielding 180 simulations total) to acquire statistical data. For a hole larger than the grain size, the deformation resembles the homogenous solution but with perturbations due to the local microstructural environment. For a hole approximately equal to or smaller than the grain size, the deformation deviates substantially from the continuum behaviour, and depends strongly on the local microstructural environment surrounding the hole. Each population of simulations was analysed statistically to determine the effect of micro structural variability on strain localization near each of the four defect sizes. The coefficient of variation in the maximum plastic strain around microstructure-scale holes is about 37%, and the largest values of plastic strain are about twice those in the absence of microstructure. These results have significant implications for analyses of the margin of failure due to defects of this class (e.g. voids or small bolt holes). C1 [Battaile, Corbett C.; Emery, John M.; Boyce, Brad L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Brewer, Luke N.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Battaile, CC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ccbatta@sandia.gov OI Emery, John /0000-0001-6671-4952 FU US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors wish to thank Bonnie B McKenzie and Joel P McDonald for their valuable contributions to this work. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-programme laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6435 EI 1478-6443 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD APR 3 PY 2015 VL 95 IS 10 BP 1069 EP 1079 DI 10.1080/14786435.2015.1009958 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA CE7YW UT WOS:000352058900003 ER PT J AU Chung, JH Stanica, P Tan, CH Wang, QC AF Chung, Jong H. Stanica, Pantelimon Tan, Chik-How Wang, Qichun TI A construction of Boolean functions with good cryptographic properties SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE 94A60; 94C10; 11T71; resiliency; hidden weighted bit function; algebraic immunity; avalanche characteristics; cryptographic Boolean functions; nonlinearity ID FAST ALGEBRAIC ATTACKS; HIGHER-ORDER NONLINEARITIES; BDD-BASED CRYPTANALYSIS; KEYSTREAM GENERATORS; STREAM CIPHERS; FUNCTIONS RESISTANT; LINEAR FEEDBACK; BENT FUNCTIONS; INFINITE CLASS; IMMUNITY AB The two important qualities of a cipher are security and speed. Frequently, to satisfy the security of a Boolean function primitive, speed may be traded-off. In this paper, we present a general construction that addresses both qualities. The idea of our construction is to manipulate a cryptographically strong base function and one of its affine equivalent functions, using concatenation and negation. We achieve security from the inherent qualities of the base function, which are preserved (or increased), and obtain speed by the simple Boolean operations. We present two applications of the construction to demonstrate the flexibility and efficiency of the construction. C1 [Chung, Jong H.; Stanica, Pantelimon] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Tan, Chik-How; Wang, Qichun] Natl Univ Singapore, Temasek Labs, Singapore 117411, Singapore. RP Stanica, P (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM pstanica@nps.edu NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7160 EI 1029-0265 J9 INT J COMPUT MATH JI Int. J. Comput. Math. PD APR 3 PY 2015 VL 92 IS 4 BP 700 EP 711 DI 10.1080/00207160.2014.920085 PG 12 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA AZ6FT UT WOS:000348315200004 ER PT J AU Stanley, AY Conner, BT AF Stanley, Angela Y. Conner, Brian T. TI Implementing a Clinical Practice Guideline to Manage Postpartum Urinary Retention SO JOURNAL OF NURSING CARE QUALITY LA English DT Article DE bladder care; childbirth; clinical practice guidelines; postpartum; urinary retention ID BLADDER AB Postpartum urinary retention is a common condition in obstetric units. A Clinical Practice Guideline was implemented in a high-risk obstetrical unit to decrease variance of clinical practice, rate of postpartum urinary retention, and number of urinary catheterizations and increase awareness of this common condition. Guideline implementation met the 4 aims, including a decreased rate of urinary retention. C1 [Stanley, Angela Y.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Conner, Brian T.] Med Univ S Carolina, Undergrad Programs, Coll Nursing, Charleston, SC USA. RP Stanley, AY (reprint author), US Navy, Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM klemson@earthlink.net NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1057-3631 EI 1550-5065 J9 J NURS CARE QUAL JI J. Nurs. Care Qual. PD APR-JUN PY 2015 VL 30 IS 2 BP 175 EP 180 DI 10.1097/NCQ.0000000000000087 PG 6 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA DD0MV UT WOS:000369615000013 PM 25166910 ER PT J AU Mungan, C AF Mungan, Carl TI Activating a radiometer with a hair dryer SO PHYSICS TEACHER LA English DT Letter C1 [Mungan, Carl] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Mungan, C (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM mungan@usna.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSN PHYSICS TEACHERS PI COLLEGE PK PA 5110 ROANOKE PLACE SUITE 101, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740 USA SN 0031-921X J9 PHYS TEACH JI Phys. Teach. PD APR PY 2015 VL 53 IS 4 BP 196 EP 196 DI 10.1119/1.4914551 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CX5ZB UT WOS:000365779900002 ER PT J AU Mungan, CE AF Mungan, Carl E. TI Negative Work Done by a Person SO PHYSICS TEACHER LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Mungan, Carl E.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21042 USA. RP Mungan, CE (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21042 USA. EM mungan@usna.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSN PHYSICS TEACHERS PI COLLEGE PK PA 5110 ROANOKE PLACE SUITE 101, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740 USA SN 0031-921X J9 PHYS TEACH JI Phys. Teach. PD APR PY 2015 VL 53 IS 4 BP 224 EP 224 DI 10.1119/1.4914563 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CX5ZB UT WOS:000365779900013 ER PT J AU Fox, WP Everton, SF AF Fox, William P. Everton, Sean F. TI Using data envelopment analysis and the analytical hierarchy process to find node influences in a social network SO JOURNAL OF DEFENSE MODELING AND SIMULATION-APPLICATIONS METHODOLOGY TECHNOLOGY-JDMS LA English DT Article DE Social network analysis; data envelopment analysis; analytical hierarchy process AB In a social network analysis the output provided includes many measures and metrics. For each of these measures and metrics, the output provides the ability to obtain a rank ordering of the nodes in terms of these measures. We might use this information in decision making concerning disrupting or deceiving a given network. All is fine when all the measures indicate the same node as the key or influential node. What happens when the measures indicate different key nodes? Our goal in this paper is to explore two methodologies to identify the key players or nodes in a given network. We apply two procedures to analyze these outputs to find the most influential nodes as a function of the decision makers' inputs. We use data envelopment analysis as a method to optimize efficiency of the nodes over all criteria and use the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) as a process to consider both subjective and objectives inputs through pairwise comparison matrices. We illustrate our results using two common networks from the literature: the kite network and the information flow network. We discuss some basic sensitivity analysis that can be applied to the methods. We find the AHP method as the most flexible method to weight the criterion based upon the decision makers' inputs or the topology of the network. C1 [Fox, William P.; Everton, Sean F.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Fox, WP (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, 589 Dyer Rd,Room 103F, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM wpfox@nps.edu NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1548-5129 EI 1557-380X J9 J DEF MODEL SIMUL-AP JI J. Def. Model. Simul.-Appl. Methodol. Technol.-JDMS PD APR PY 2015 VL 12 IS 2 BP 157 EP 165 DI 10.1177/1548512913518273 PG 9 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA CV7YU UT WOS:000364494100006 ER PT J AU D'Souza, E Vickers, R Zouris, J Wing, V Galarneau, M AF D'Souza, Edwin Vickers, Ross Zouris, James Wing, Vern Galarneau, Michael TI Development of empirically based time-to-death curves for combat casualty deaths in Iraq and Afghanistan SO JOURNAL OF DEFENSE MODELING AND SIMULATION-APPLICATIONS METHODOLOGY TECHNOLOGY-JDMS LA English DT Article DE Time to death; combat mortality; statistical modeling; log-normal probability distribution ID INJURY SEVERITY SCORE; MULTIPLE INJURIES; MORTALITY AB The United States Department of Defense medical planners need survival-time estimates for anticipated patient streams associated with projected combat scenarios. Survival-time estimates should be grounded in empirical observations. Unfortunately, research in this domain has been limited to a single paper describing the development of died-of-wounds curves for combat casualties with life-threatening injuries. The curves developed from that research were based on a small dataset (n = 160, with 26 deaths and 134 survivors) of forward surgical (Role II) casualties and subject matter experts' judgments. This paper reports the first empirically based time-to-death curves for combat casualties based on a large sample. The results indicate that survival time varied across roles of care at which casualties died but was at most weakly associated with injury severity. Time-to-death curves were, therefore, developed for the overall study population of valid times to death and for Role I, Role II and Role III care. The log-logistic probability distribution provided the best representation of the survival times for the overall study population, while the log-normal distribution was the best choice for Role I, Role II and Role III care. The proposed time-to-death curves should refine the survival-time estimates used in combat medical logistics planning. C1 [D'Souza, Edwin; Vickers, Ross; Zouris, James; Wing, Vern; Galarneau, Michael] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Med Modeling Simulat & Mission Support Program, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP D'Souza, E (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept 161, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM edwin.dsouza@med.navy.mil NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1548-5129 EI 1557-380X J9 J DEF MODEL SIMUL-AP JI J. Def. Model. Simul.-Appl. Methodol. Technol.-JDMS PD APR PY 2015 VL 12 IS 2 BP 167 EP 178 DI 10.1177/1548512914531353 PG 12 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA CV7YU UT WOS:000364494100007 ER PT J AU Crawford, S AF Crawford, Shakira TI The awakening of the afro colombian communities. Stories of five leaders: Dorina Hernandez, Libia Grueso, Carlos Rosero, Marino Cordoba and Zulia Mena SO REVISTA IBEROAMERICANA LA Spanish DT Book Review C1 [Crawford, Shakira] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Crawford, S (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST INT LIT IBEROAMERICANA PI PITTSBURGH PA UNIV PITTSBURGH ATTN: ERIKA BRAGA 1312 CATHEDRAL OF LEARNING, PITTSBURGH, PA 15260 USA SN 0034-9631 J9 REV IBEROAMERICANA JI Rev. Imberoam. PD APR-JUN PY 2015 VL 81 IS 251 BP 680 EP 681 PG 2 WC Literature, Romance SC Literature GA CU0QE UT WOS:000363222700019 ER PT J AU Zheng, WM Service, K Markham, A Reini, S AF Zheng, Weimin Service, Kathrine Markham, Amanda Reini, Seth TI Recording Auditory and Visual Evoked Responses With Mobile EEG Systems in a Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment (CAREN) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2015 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, ASIP, ASN, ASPET C1 [Zheng, Weimin; Service, Kathrine; Markham, Amanda; Reini, Seth] Warfighter Performance Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 EI 1530-6860 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2015 VL 29 SU 1 MA 840.12 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA CS0BT UT WOS:000361722703448 ER PT J AU Rolison, D AF Rolison, Debra TI Creating Change Scientific Institutions through Subversion, Revolution (Title IX) & Climate Change SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Rolison, Debra] US Naval Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 EI 1530-6860 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2015 VL 29 SU 1 MA 9.1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA CR6PV UT WOS:000361470501191 ER PT J AU Martin, BD Fontana, J Wang, Z Trammell, SA AF Martin, Brett D. Fontana, Jake Wang, Zheng Trammell, Scott A. TI Generation of fluorescent silver nanoclusters in reverse micelles using gamma irradiation: low vs. high dosages and spectral evolution with time SO APPLIED NANOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Reverse micelles; Silver nanoparticles; Silver nanoclusters; Gamma irradiation; Fluorescence; Fissile materials ID BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; MICELLIZATION; WATER AB Reverse micelles (RMs) containing aqueous solutions of Ag+ ions in their core produce fluorescent Ag nanoclusters (NCs), upon exposure to gamma irradiation. The fluorescence spectra of the NCs evolve over days to weeks after the exposure, and usually show large increases in intensity. Responses of as high as 2.8 9 10(4) CPS/Gy were reached. A dosage as low as 0.5 Gy (10 % of the lethal dosage for humans) produces NCs having fluorescence intensities higher than background. The RMs can be employed in novel gamma radiation detectors with appearance of fluorescence indicating that radiation was once present. In applications involving detection and tracking of fissile materials, the evolution of the fluorescence spectra over time may provide additional information about the radiation source. A two-phase liquid system is used for RM formation in a simple procedure. It is likely that this synthesis method may be adapted to produce NCs from other metal ions. C1 [Martin, Brett D.; Fontana, Jake; Wang, Zheng; Trammell, Scott A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Martin, BD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM bdm@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil; brett.martin@nrl.navy.mil; scott.trammell@nrl.navy.mil NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 2190-5509 EI 2190-5517 J9 APPL NANOSCI JI Appl. Nanosci. PD APR PY 2015 VL 5 IS 4 BP 411 EP 418 DI 10.1007/s13204-014-0331-4 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CL9KO UT WOS:000357297300003 ER PT J AU Caldwell, JD Lindsay, L Giannini, V Vurgaftman, I Reinecke, TL Maier, SA Glembocki, OJ AF Caldwell, Joshua D. Lindsay, Lucas Giannini, Vincenzo Vurgaftman, Igor Reinecke, Thomas L. Maier, Stefan A. Glembocki, Orest J. TI Low-loss, infrared and terahertz nanophotonics using surface phonon polaritons SO NANOPHOTONICS LA English DT Review DE Reststrahlen; phonon - polariton; plasmonics; polar dielectric; nanophotonic; metamaterial; infrared; terahertz ID FUNCTIONAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; III-V SEMICONDUCTORS; SUBWAVELENGTH HOLE ARRAYS; ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; 4H-SIC PIN DIODES; SILICON-CARBIDE; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; RAMAN-SCATTERING; GRAPHENE PLASMONICS AB The excitation of surface-phonon-polariton (SPhP) modes in polar dielectric crystals and the associated new developments in the field of SPhPs are reviewed. The emphasis of this work is on providing an understanding of the general phenomenon, including the origin of the Reststrahlen band, the role that optical phonons in polar dielectric lattices play in supporting sub-diffraction-limited modes and how the relatively long optical phonon lifetimes can lead to the low optical losses observed within these materials. Based on this overview, the achievements attained to date and the potential technological advantages of these materials are discussed for localized modes in nanostructures, propagating modes on surfaces and in waveguides and novel metamaterial designs, with the goal of realizing low-loss nanophotonics and metamaterials in the mid-infrared to terahertz spectral ranges. C1 [Caldwell, Joshua D.; Vurgaftman, Igor; Reinecke, Thomas L.; Glembocki, Orest J.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lindsay, Lucas] NRL, Washington, DC USA. [Giannini, Vincenzo; Maier, Stefan A.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, Blackett Lab, London, England. RP Caldwell, JD (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joshua.caldwell@nrl.navy.mil RI Lindsay, Lucas/C-9221-2012; Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008 OI Lindsay, Lucas/0000-0001-9645-7993; Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168 FU NRL Nanoscience Institute via Office of Naval Research; NRC-NRL Postdoctoral Fellowship; EPSRC; Leverhulme Trust FX Support for all NRL authors was provided by the NRL Nanoscience Institute via Office of Naval Research funding. J.D.C. would like to thank Prof. Alexander Grigorenko of the University of Manchester for his helpful advice in tailoring this manuscript to a broader audience. The authors would like to thank Prof. Alexandra Boltasseva, Mr. Jongbum Kim and Mr. Urcan Guler for sharing the optical constants of TiN, AZO, GZO and ITO for use in this review. We further thank Mr. Edward Sachet and Prof. Jon-Paul Maria of North Carolina State University for providing the optical constants of n-CdO for use in this review. We would also like to thank Dr. James Long, Joseph Tischler, Chase Ellis and Alex Boosalis for efforts in extracting optical constants of various SiC and III-N materials available at NRL. J.D.C. would like to thank Prof. Kostya Novoselov for access to his laboratory and office space at the University of Manchester where work on this review was undertaken and for access to hexagonal boron nitride materials for which the reported optical constants are derived. The authors also thank Dr. Kathryn Wahl and Jeffrey Owrutsky for access to the FTIR microscope used for the spectra provided in Figure 2A. L.L. acknowledges the financial support of the NRC-NRL Postdoctoral Fellowship. S.M. and V.G. acknowledge support from EPSRC and Leverhulme Trust. NR 181 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 41 U2 141 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2192-8606 EI 2192-8614 J9 NANOPHOTONICS-BERLIN JI Nanophotonics PD APR PY 2015 VL 4 IS 1 BP 44 EP 68 DI 10.1515/nanoph-2014-0003 PG 25 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA CL3XK UT WOS:000356885100004 ER PT J AU Boris, DR Fernsler, RF Walton, SG AF Boris, D. R. Fernsler, R. F. Walton, S. G. TI Measuring the electron density, temperature, and electronegativity in electron beam-generated plasmas produced in argon/SF6 mixtures SO PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE electron beam; electronegative plasma; Langmuir probe model; plasma resonance; plasma processing; Maxwell's Demon; SF6 plasma ID ENERGY DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION; LANGMUIR PROBE MEASUREMENTS; NEGATIVE-ION FRACTION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; DISCHARGES; COLLECTION; EXTRACTION; PARAMETERS AB This paper presents measurements of electron density (eta(e0)), electron temperature (T-e), and electronegativity (alpha) in electron beam-generated plasmas produced in mixtures of argon and SF6 using Langmuir probes and plasma resonance spectroscopy. Langmuir probe measurements are analyzed using a model capable of handling multi-component plasmas with both positive and negative ions. Verification of the model is provided through plasma frequency resonance measurements of n(e0). The results suggest a simple approach to ascertaining alpha in negative-ioncontaining plasmas using Langmuir probes alone. In addition, modest amounts of SF6 are shown to produce sharp increases in both T-c and alpha in electron beam generated plasmas. C1 [Boris, D. R.; Walton, S. G.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fernsler, R. F.] Sotera Def Solut, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. RP Boris, DR (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.boris@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory Base Program FX This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program. NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0963-0252 EI 1361-6595 J9 PLASMA SOURCES SCI T JI Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 24 IS 2 AR 025032 DI 10.1088/0963-0252/24/2/025032 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA CL2ZB UT WOS:000356816200036 ER PT J AU Tripathi, OP Baldwin, M Charlton-Perez, A Charron, M Eckermann, SD Gerber, E Harrison, RG Jackson, DR Kim, BM Kuroda, Y Lang, A Mahmood, S Mizuta, R Roff, G Sigmond, M Son, SW AF Tripathi, Om P. Baldwin, Mark Charlton-Perez, Andrew Charron, Martin Eckermann, Stephen D. Gerber, Edwin Harrison, R. Giles Jackson, David R. Kim, Baek-Min Kuroda, Yuhji Lang, Andrea Mahmood, Sana Mizuta, Ryo Roff, Greg Sigmond, Michael Son, Seok-Woo TI The predictability of the extratropical stratosphere on monthly time-scales and its impact on the skill of tropospheric forecasts SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Review DE stratospheric predictability; tropospheric forecast; seasonal predictability ID QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE WINTER; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURES; POLAR-NIGHT VORTEX; SUDDEN WARMINGS; ARCTIC OSCILLATION; PLANETARY-WAVES; ANNULAR MODE; EL-NINO AB Extreme variability of the winter- and spring-time stratospheric polar vortex has been shown to affect extratropical tropospheric weather. Therefore, reducing stratospheric forecast error may be one way to improve the skill of tropospheric weather forecasts. In this review, the basis for this idea is examined. A range of studies of different stratospheric extreme vortex events shows that they can be skilfully forecasted beyond 5 days and into the sub-seasonal range (0-30 days) in some cases. Separate studies show that typical errors in forecasting a stratospheric extreme vortex event can alter tropospheric forecast skill by 5-7% in the extratropics on sub-seasonal time-scales. Thus understanding what limits stratospheric predictability is of significant interest to operational forecasting centres. Both limitations in forecasting tropospheric planetary waves and stratospheric model biases have been shown to be important in this context. C1 [Tripathi, Om P.; Charlton-Perez, Andrew; Harrison, R. Giles] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading RG6 6BB, Berks, England. [Baldwin, Mark] Univ Exeter, Coll Engn Math & Phys Sci, Exeter EX4 4QJ, Devon, England. [Charron, Martin] Environm Canada, Meteorol Res Div, Dorval, PQ, Canada. [Eckermann, Stephen D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gerber, Edwin] NYU, Courant Inst Math Sci, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Jackson, David R.; Mahmood, Sana] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Kim, Baek-Min] Korea Polar Res Inst, Inchon, South Korea. [Kuroda, Yuhji; Mizuta, Ryo] Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. [Lang, Andrea] SUNY Albany, Atmospher & Environm Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Roff, Greg] Bur Meteorol, CAWCR, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Sigmond, Michael] Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Son, Seok-Woo] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul 151, South Korea. RP Tripathi, OP (reprint author), Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, POB 243, Reading RG6 6BB, Berks, England. EM o.p.tripathi@reading.ac.uk RI Sigmond, Michael /K-3169-2012; Son, Seok-Woo /A-8797-2013 OI Sigmond, Michael /0000-0003-2191-9756; FU Natural Environmental Research Council (NERC) [H5147600]; SPARC; EU [284387] FX This work is supported by the Natural Environmental Research Council (NERC) funded project Stratospheric Network for the Assessment of Predictability (SNAP) (Grant H5147600) and partially supported by the SPARC. ACP and RGH acknowledge funding through the EU ARISE project (Grant 284387) (EU-FP7). We also acknowledge Steven Pawson and Lawrence Coy from NASA for providing Figure 1. We wish to thank Lorenzo Polvani from Columbia University for providing Figure 4 and Amy Butler from NOAA for her contribution to Figure 5. We thank Adrian Simmons of ECMWF for his insightful review and two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions that improved the quality of the manuscript. NR 214 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 6 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-9009 EI 1477-870X J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD APR PY 2015 VL 141 IS 689 BP 987 EP 1003 DI 10.1002/qj.2432 PN B PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CL2VW UT WOS:000356805700001 ER PT J AU Kennedy, MJ Conroy, MW Dougherty, JA Otto, N Williams, BA Ananth, R Fleming, JW AF Kennedy, Matthew J. Conroy, Michael W. Dougherty, John A. Otto, Nicholas Williams, Bradley A. Ananth, Ramagopal Fleming, James W. TI Bubble coarsening dynamics in fluorinated and non-fluorinated firefighting foams SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS LA English DT Article DE Foam; Surfactant; Bubbles ID SIZE DISTRIBUTION; AQUEOUS FOAMS; DRAINAGE; GASES; FILMS; WATER; MODEL; SOLUBILITY; DIFFUSION AB We have quantified the dynamics of bubble coarsening in some commercial firefighting foams. These multi-component foams contain unique chemical formulations leading to different coarsening and drainage behaviors. We show that these firefighting foams, some of which contain fluorocarbon surfactants and one of which contains only fluorine-free ingredients, as well as single-component, relatively well understood, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) foam follow the self-similar bubble growth law that predicts increasing average bubble size with time. Further, the experimentally measured effective diffusion coefficients for coarsening are smallest for fluorinated foams, followed by a non-fluorinated firefighting foam, followed by SDS foam, as expected based on differences in surface tension. However, the effective diffusion coefficients derived from experiments on multi-component foams are smaller than predicted by the classical theory, which considers several physical properties including surface tension and lamella thickness. In contrast, the measured effective diffusion coefficient for SDS foam agrees with the theory. Therefore, the commercial firefighting foams coarsened slower than theoretically predicted relative to SDS foam, even after accounting for differences in surface tension and initial liquid content (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kennedy, Matthew J.] Naval Res Lab, Former Natl Res Council Associate, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Conroy, Michael W.; Williams, Bradley A.; Ananth, Ramagopal] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dougherty, John A.; Otto, Nicholas] Naval Res Lab, Former Naval Res Enterprise Internship Program In, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fleming, James W.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Kennedy, MJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Former Natl Res Council Associate, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM matthewjohnkennedy@gmail.com; jim.fleming.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU US Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory; National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research for summer research assistantships through the Naval Research Enterprise Internship Program FX The authors thank the US Office of Naval Research for funding this work through the Naval Research Laboratory base funding program. This research was performed while MJK held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory. NO and JAD thank the Office of Naval Research for summer research assistantships through the Naval Research Enterprise Internship Program. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-7757 EI 1873-4359 J9 COLLOID SURFACE A JI Colloid Surf. A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 470 BP 268 EP 279 DI 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.01.062 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA CE5ZA UT WOS:000351913800034 ER PT J AU Emmert, JT AF Emmert, J. T. TI Altitude and solar activity dependence of 1967-2005 thermospheric density trends derived from orbital drag SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE climate change; density; thermosphere ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; MESOSPHERE; SATELLITE AB We examine 1967-2005 thermospheric mass density trends (as well as 1967-2013 trends) derived from satellite orbit data, as a function of altitude, solar flux, and geomagnetic activity. At 400km altitude, the estimated 1967-2005 trend is -2.00.5%per decade. The estimated trends become increasingly negative with increasing height between 250 and 575km, suggesting an exospheric temperature trend of -1 to -2Kper decade, which is much smaller than temperature trends that have been inferred from ground-based incoherent scatter radar measurements. The orbit-derived trend height profiles are in good agreement with model simulations of the enhanced cooling that results from increasing concentration of CO2 in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. In contrast to earlier results, the solar flux dependence of the estimated trends is weak, relative to the trend uncertainty. There is some indication that the trends may be stronger during very low geomagnetic activity conditions. Estimation of the solar flux and geomagnetic activity dependence of the trends is complicated by monotonic decreases in these drivers over the past four solar minima together with the CO2 increase, all of which drive interminima decreases in density. C1 US Naval Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Emmert, JT (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.emmert@nrl.navy.mil NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD APR PY 2015 VL 120 IS 4 BP 2940 EP 2950 DI 10.1002/2015JA021047 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI6TL UT WOS:000354894800041 ER PT J AU Kil, H Kwak, YS Lee, WK Krall, J Huba, JD Oh, SJ AF Kil, Hyosub Kwak, Young-Sil Lee, Woo Kyoung Krall, Jonathan Huba, Joseph D. Oh, Seung-Jun TI Nonmigrating tidal signature in the distributions of equatorial plasma bubbles and prereversal enhancement SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE plasma bubble; nonmigrating tide; equatorial ionosphere ID SPREAD-F; DENSITY IRREGULARITIES; MODEL; IONOSPHERE; ATMOSPHERE; SATELLITE; MIDDLE; RADAR; WINDS AB Some wave-like features in the longitudinal distribution of equatorial plasma bubbles understood in association with diurnal eastward propagating zonal wave number 3 nonmigrating tide (DE3) in the dayside. However, whether or not the wave features are the daytime DE3 signature has not yet been rigorously investigated. This study investigates (1) the existence of the DE3 signature in the longitudinal distribution of bubbles by analyzing the first Republic of China (ROCSAT-1) satellite data acquired in 2000-2002 and (2) the role of daytime DE3 in the creation of bubbles by examining the linear growth rate of the generalized Rayleigh-Taylor (R-T) instability. The linear growth rate is derived from the Sami2 is Another Model of the Ionosphere model simulation results. In the longitudinal distribution of bubbles derived from ROCSAT-1 observations, the wave number 4 component, the representative characteristic of DE3, is a weak feature. In addition, the amplitude and phase of the wave number 4 component do not show a consistent behavior in comparison with those of DE3. Our numerical calculation results show that the linear growth rate of the R-T instability is not sensitive to the variation of the daytime vertical plasma drift. These results indicate that the DE3 signature in the occurrence rate of bubbles is not obvious and the effect of daytime DE3 on the creation of bubbles is negligible. C1 [Kil, Hyosub] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Kil, Hyosub; Kwak, Young-Sil; Lee, Woo Kyoung] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Taejon, South Korea. [Kwak, Young-Sil] Korea Univ Technol & Sci, Taejon, South Korea. [Krall, Jonathan; Huba, Joseph D.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Oh, Seung-Jun] Space Environm Lab Inc, Seoul, South Korea. RP Kil, H (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. EM hyosub.kil@jhuapl.edu RI Kil, Hyosub/C-2577-2016 OI Kil, Hyosub/0000-0001-8288-6236 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration Geospace Science program [NNX12AD17G]; National Science Foundation Aeronomy program [AGS-1237276]; Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) [2014-1-80008]; U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory [FA 2386-14-1-4004]; "Planetary system research for space exploration" project from Korea KASI; LWS NASA; NRL Base Funds FX H. Kil acknowledges support from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Geospace Science program (NNX12AD17G) and National Science Foundation Aeronomy program (AGS-1237276). W.K. Lee acknowledges support by a basic research fund from Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) (2014-1-80008). Y.-S. Kwak acknowledges support by a grant from the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory under agreement FA 2386-14-1-4004 and by the "Planetary system research for space exploration" project from Korea KASI. The work of J. Krall and J. Huba is supported by an LWS NASA grant and NRL Base Funds. The ROCSAT-1 and SAMI2 model simulation data are available by contacting H. Kil (hyosub.kil@jhuapl.edu). NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD APR PY 2015 VL 120 IS 4 BP 3254 EP 3262 DI 10.1002/2014JA020908 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI6TL UT WOS:000354894800064 ER PT J AU Alderson, DL Brown, GG Carlyle, WM AF Alderson, David L. Brown, Gerald G. Carlyle, W. Matthew TI Operational Models of Infrastructure Resilience SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Attacker-defender; infrastructure; optimization; resilience; system operation ID TERRORISM RISK; PROBABILISTIC RISK; SYSTEMS; OPTIMIZATION; INTERNET; INTERDICTION; SUPPORT; DEFENSE; ROBUST AB We propose a definition of infrastructure resilience that is tied to the operation (or function) of an infrastructure as a system of interacting components and that can be objectively evaluated using quantitative models. Specifically, for any particular system, we use quantitative models of system operation to represent the decisions of an infrastructure operator who guides the behavior of the system as a whole, even in the presence of disruptions. Modeling infrastructure operation in this way makes it possible to systematically evaluate the consequences associated with the loss of infrastructure components, and leads to a precise notion of operational resilience that facilitates model verification, validation, and reproducible results. Using a simple example of a notional infrastructure, we demonstrate how to use these models for (1) assessing the operational resilience of an infrastructure system, (2) identifying critical vulnerabilities that threaten its continued function, and (3) advising policymakers on investments to improve resilience. C1 [Alderson, David L.; Brown, Gerald G.; Carlyle, W. Matthew] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Alderson, DL (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM dlalders@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency. The authors gratefully acknowledge Kevin Wood and Javier Salmeron for ongoing discussions and collaborations that have contributed to the ideas in this article. NR 118 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 10 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD APR PY 2015 VL 35 IS 4 BP 562 EP 586 DI 10.1111/risa.12333 PG 25 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA CJ2AZ UT WOS:000355287900004 PM 25808298 ER PT J AU Anderson, TJ Hobart, KD Greenlee, JD Shahin, DI Koehler, AD Tadjer, MJ Imhoff, EA Myers-Ward, RL Christou, A Kub, FJ AF Anderson, Travis J. Hobart, Karl D. Greenlee, Jordan D. Shahin, David I. Koehler, Andrew D. Tadjer, Marko J. Imhoff, Eugene A. Myers-Ward, Rachael L. Christou, Aris Kub, Francis J. TI Ultraviolet detector based on graphene/SiC heterojunction SO APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET; EPITAXIAL GRAPHENE AB There has been significant research on graphene as a sensor owing to the inherent high sensitivity and surface area associated with two-dimensional (2D) materials. Often, the ability of graphene to form heterojunctions with wide-bandgap semiconductors is overlooked. In this study, we present a detector based on an epitaxial graphene/SiC heterojunction, exploiting the 2D nature of graphene to minimize absorption losses for high-efficiency sensing while simultaneously taking advantage of the epitaxial p-n junction to achieve low reverse leakage. We measured a quantum efficiency above 80% at 4 eV using a graphene/SiC p-n heterojunction with a dark current <1nA/cm(2). (C) 2015 The Japan Society of Applied Physics C1 [Anderson, Travis J.; Hobart, Karl D.; Greenlee, Jordan D.; Koehler, Andrew D.; Tadjer, Marko J.; Imhoff, Eugene A.; Myers-Ward, Rachael L.; Kub, Francis J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Shahin, David I.; Christou, Aris] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Anderson, TJ (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM travis.anderson@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX J.D.G. thanks the National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellowship Program. M.J.T. thanks the American Society for Engineering Education Postdoctoral Fellowship Program. Work at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 50 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1882-0778 EI 1882-0786 J9 APPL PHYS EXPRESS JI Appl. Phys. Express PD APR PY 2015 VL 8 IS 4 AR 041301 DI 10.7567/APEX.8.041301 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CI4DK UT WOS:000354696900003 ER PT J AU Paget, AC Bourassa, MA Anguelova, MD AF Paget, Aaron C. Bourassa, Mark A. Anguelova, Magdalena D. TI Comparing in situ and satellite-based parameterizations of oceanic whitecaps SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE whitecap fraction; foam fraction; whitecap coverage; breaking waves; actively breaking waves; air-sea interaction processes; in situ whitecap observations scatterometers; QuikSCAT; WindSat; microwave radiometry; passive remote sensing; satellite oceanography ID WAVE-FIELD CONDITIONS; SEA GAS TRANSFER; MICROWAVE EMISSIVITY; WIND-SPEED; WATER TEMPERATURE; BREAKING WAVES; COVERAGE; SURFACE; FOAM; ALGORITHM AB The majority of the parameterizations developed to estimate whitecap fraction uses a stability-dependent 10 m wind (U-10) measured in situ, but recent efforts to use satellite-reported equivalent neutral winds (U-10EN) to estimate whitecap fraction with the same parameterizations introduce additional error. This study identifies and quantifies the differences in whitecap parameterizations caused by U-10 and U-10EN for the active and total whitecap fractions. New power law coefficients are presented for both U-10 and U-10EN parameterizations based on available in situ whitecap observations. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests are performed on the residuals of the whitecap parameterizations and the whitecap observations and identify that parameterizations in terms of U-10 and U-10EN perform similarly. The parameterizations are also tested against the satellite-based WindSat Whitecap Database to assess differences. The improved understanding aids in estimating whitecap fraction globally using satellite products and in determining the global effects of whitecaps on air-sea processes and remote sensing of the surface. C1 [Paget, Aaron C.] Brigham Young Univ, Microwave Earth Remote Sensing Lab, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Paget, Aaron C.; Bourassa, Mark A.] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Paget, Aaron C.; Bourassa, Mark A.] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Anguelova, Magdalena D.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Paget, AC (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Microwave Earth Remote Sensing Lab, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM aaroncpaget@gmail.com FU NOAA/COD; NASA OVWST; Office of Naval Research, NRL Program [61153N] FX This work was supported by NOAA/COD and NASA OVWST. Magdalena D. Anguelova was supported by the Office of Naval Research, NRL Program element 61153N, work units WU 8967 and WU 4500. A. Callaghan provided the tabulated whitecap data with associated environmental conditions from the Marine Aerosol Production (MAP) campaign. All other data come from the references listed in Table 2. The data, including the calculated U10EN values, are available in tabulated form from the corresponding author, A. Paget, at aaroncpaget@gmail.com. We appreciate the comments and suggestions by three anonymous reviewers. NR 71 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD APR PY 2015 VL 120 IS 4 BP 2826 EP 2843 DI 10.1002/2014JC010328 PG 18 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA CI0HH UT WOS:000354417200026 ER PT J AU Menon, G Dermer, C AF Menon, Govind Dermer, Charles TI Local, non-geodesic, timelike currents in the force-free magnetosphere of a Kerr black hole SO GENERAL RELATIVITY AND GRAVITATION LA English DT Article DE Black hole electrodynamics; Force-free magnetosphere ID ELECTROMAGNETIC EXTRACTION; ANALYTIC SOLUTIONS; ENERGY AB In this paper, we use previously developed exact solutions to present some of the curious features of a force-free magnetosphere in a Kerr background. More precisely, we obtain a hitherto unseen timelike current in the force-free magnetosphere that does not flow along a geodesic. The electromagnetic field in this case happens to be magnetically dominated. Changing the sign of a single parameter in our solutions generates a spacelike current that creates an electromagnetic field that is electrically dominated. C1 [Menon, Govind] Troy Univ, Dept Chem & Phys, Troy, AL 36082 USA. [Dermer, Charles] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Menon, G (reprint author), Troy Univ, Dept Chem & Phys, Troy, AL 36082 USA. EM gmenon@troy.edu FU Troy University; Chief of Naval research funds FX The first author would like to thank Troy University for their continued support of our research in black hole astrophysics. The Chief of Naval research funds and supports the second author. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0001-7701 EI 1572-9532 J9 GEN RELAT GRAVIT JI Gen. Relativ. Gravit. PD APR PY 2015 VL 47 IS 4 AR 52 DI 10.1007/s10714-015-1896-2 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA CH9XC UT WOS:000354388800005 ER PT J AU Pande, CS AF Pande, C. S. TI A possible model of grain size distribution during primary recrystallization SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE stochastic; lognormal; recrystallization ID COMPUTER-SIMULATION; DYNAMIC RECRYSTALLIZATION; NUCLEATION RATE; GROWTH; MICROSTRUCTURES; METALS AB A mathematical model of grain size development during annealing in a polycrystalline metallic system is proposed. The model is based on the simple assumption that at any point during recrystallization the increment in grain size is a random proportion of the grain size at that instant. The model predicts a lognormal distribution in grain sizes under a wide variety of conditions. The width of this distribution is found to broaden with time. The model is compared with experiments and computational predictions. It is argued that this model may represent materials undergoing primary recrystallization in some cases. C1 Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pande, CS (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM chandra.pande@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 EI 1361-651X J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD APR PY 2015 VL 23 IS 3 AR 035009 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/23/3/035009 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA CH3RM UT WOS:000353948000009 ER PT J AU Dew, N Grichnik, D Mayer-Haug, K Read, S Brinckmann, J AF Dew, Nicholas Grichnik, Dietmar Mayer-Haug, Katrin Read, Stuart Brinckmann, Jan TI Situated Entrepreneurial Cognition SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT REVIEWS LA English DT Article ID TRANSACTIVE MEMORY-SYSTEMS; VENTURE CREATION; BOUNDARY OBJECTS; NASCENT ENTREPRENEURS; EMBODIED COGNITION; FOUNDING TEAM; OPPORTUNITIES; PERSPECTIVE; INNOVATION; KNOWLEDGE AB This paper reviews and integrates research from both within and outside the entrepreneurship field under the label of situated cognition'. Situated cognition is the notion that cognitive activity inherently involves perception and action in the context of a human body situated in a real-world environment. The review concentrates on three areas of the situated cognition literature that have significant implications for research in entrepreneurial cognition: embedded, grounded and distributed cognition. While these three aspects of cognition differ in terms of foci and core theses, they share the common emphasis of viewing and investigating cognitive processes by going beyond the individual mind and paying attention to the human body, (material) objects and other people. Using the theoretical lens of situated cognition provides new insights into current entrepreneurship phenomena such as co-creation and interaction in a shared economy based on new technologies. C1 [Dew, Nicholas] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Grichnik, Dietmar] Univ St Gallen, CH-9000 St Gallen, Switzerland. [Mayer-Haug, Katrin] WHU Otto Beisheim Sch Management, D-56179 Vallendar, Germany. [Read, Stuart] IMD, CH-1001 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Brinckmann, Jan] ESADE Grad Sch Business, Barcelona 08034, Spain. RP Grichnik, D (reprint author), Univ St Gallen, Dufourstr 40a, CH-9000 St Gallen, Switzerland. EM dietmar.grichnik@unisg.ch NR 168 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1460-8545 EI 1468-2370 J9 INT J MANAG REV JI Int. J. Manag. Rev. PD APR PY 2015 VL 17 IS 2 SI SI BP 143 EP 164 DI 10.1111/ijmr.12051 PG 22 WC Business; Management SC Business & Economics GA CH2UX UT WOS:000353881300002 ER PT J AU Tucker, E AF Tucker, Ernest TI Persia in Crisis: Safavid Decline and the Fall of Isfahan SO ISLAM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESCHICHTE UND KULTUR DES ISLAMISCHEN ORIENTS LA English DT Book Review C1 [Tucker, Ernest] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Tucker, E (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM tucker@usna.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0021-1818 EI 1613-0928 J9 ISLAM JI Islam-Z. Gesch. Kultur Islam. Orients PD APR PY 2015 VL 92 IS 1 BP 280 EP 284 PG 5 WC Asian Studies; Religion SC Asian Studies; Religion GA CG6ZX UT WOS:000353452800018 ER PT J AU Ryglicki, DR Hart, RE AF Ryglicki, David R. Hart, Robert E. TI An Investigation of Center-Finding Techniques for Tropical Cyclones in Mesoscale Models SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-RESOLUTION SIMULATION; HURRICANE BONNIE 1998; SINGLE-DOPPLER RADAR; EXTRATROPICAL TRANSITION; PART II; VERTICAL SHEAR; KINEMATIC STRUCTURE; NUMERICAL-MODELS; CONSISTENT TIME; INNER-CORE AB A variety of tropical-cyclone (TC) center-finding methods aggregated from previous works of mesoscale modeling and operational analysis are compared. The previous methods used can be divided into three classes: local extreme, weighted grid point, and minimization of azimuthal variance. To analyze these methods, four representative separate TC forecasts from three operational models-the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System Tropical Cyclone version, a Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory model, and the Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting Model-are examined. It is found that for this dataset the spread of the derived TC centers is fairly small between 1000 and 600 hPa but begins to increase rapidly at higher levels. All models exhibit increased center spread at upper levels when the TCs' strengths fall below approximately hurricane strength. On a given pressure level, tangential wind differences calculated from different centers are generally small and localized, whereas radial wind differences are often much larger in both space and relative magnitude. Center-finding techniques that use mass fields to calculate centers exhibit the smallest vertical tilts for hurricane-strength TCs. Conversely, potential vorticity centroids with large weighting areas produce the largest tilts. Given the potential sensitivity of center determination and implied tilt for various other measures of TC structure (radius of maximum winds), these results may have large repercussions on both past and future analyses. C1 [Ryglicki, David R.] Fleet Numer Meteorol & Oceanog Ctr, Monterey, CA USA. [Hart, Robert E.] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Ryglicki, DR (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2,Rm 254,Bldg 704, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. EM david.ryglicki.ctr@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Science, Mathematics, and Research for Transformation (SMART) fellowship at Florida State University FX A portion of this work was performed while the first author held a Science, Mathematics, and Research for Transformation (SMART) fellowship at Florida State University. DRR acknowledges Elizabeth Satterfield (NRL) and Justin McLay (NRL) for guidance on statistical analysis, Raymond Lee (FNMOC) for helpful opinions on visualization, Kevin Viner (NRL), and Benjamin Schenkel (University at Albany) for enlightening discussion on the topic at hand, and Jonathan Hodapp (FNMOC) for editorial assistance. We also acknowledge the helpful suggestions of two anonymous reviewers. Their contributions greatly enhanced this paper's structure and content. DRR dedicates this work to his friend D. Philip Lane, gone too soon. DRR also thanks Paul Reasor (HRD) for supplying the initial simplex routine and for initial guidance on his Ph.D work. NR 60 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 EI 1558-8432 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 54 IS 4 BP 825 EP 846 DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-14-0106.1 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CG8QW UT WOS:000353576200009 ER PT J AU Gillman, ED Williams, J Compton, CS Amatucci, WE AF Gillman, Eric D. Williams, Jeremiah Compton, C. S. Amatucci, W. E. TI Microparticle injection effects on microwave transmission through an overly dense plasma layer SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID DUSTY PLASMAS; SCATTERING AB Microparticles injected into a plasma have been shown to deplete the free electron population as electrons are collected through the process of microparticles charging to the plasma floating potential. However, these charged microparticles can also act to scatter electromagnetic signals. These experiments investigate microwave penetration through a previously impenetrable overly dense plasma layer as microparticles are injected and the physical phenomena associated with the competing processes that occur due to electron depletion and microwave scattering. The timescales for when each of these competing processes dominates is analyzed in detail. It was found that while both processes play a significant and dominant role at different times, ultimately, transmission through this impenetrable plasma layer can be significantly increased with microparticle injection. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Gillman, Eric D.; Amatucci, W. E.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Williams, Jeremiah] Wittenberg Univ, Springfield, OH 45501 USA. [Compton, C. S.] Sotera Def Solut, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. RP Gillman, ED (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM eric.gillman@nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory; National Science Foundation [PHY-0953595]; National Research Council at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory FX This work was supported by U.S. Naval Research Laboratory base funds. This work was also supported by the National Science Foundation (Grant No. PHY-0953595). This research was performed while the author (Eric D. Gillman) held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2015 VL 22 IS 4 AR 043706 DI 10.1063/1.4919028 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA CH2DZ UT WOS:000353837200108 ER PT J AU Velikovich, AL Giuliani, JL Zalesak, ST AF Velikovich, A. L. Giuliani, J. L. Zalesak, S. T. TI Magnetic flux and heat losses by diffusive, advective, and Nernst effects in magnetized liner inertial fusion-like plasma SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID FIELD PENETRATION; HOT PLASMA; GAS-INSULATION; TARGET FUSION; ELECTRON; GENERATION AB The magnetized liner inertial fusion (MagLIF) approach to inertial confinement fusion [Slutz et al., Phys. Plasmas 17, 056303 (2010); Cuneo et al., IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 40, 3222 (2012)] involves subsonic/isobaric compression and heating of a deuterium-tritium plasma with frozen-in magnetic flux by a heavy cylindrical liner. The losses of heat and magnetic flux from the plasma to the liner are thereby determined by plasma advection and gradient-driven transport processes, such as thermal conductivity, magnetic field diffusion, and thermomagnetic effects. Theoretical analysis based on obtaining exact self-similar solutions of the classical collisional Braginskii's plasma transport equations in one dimension demonstrates that the heat loss from the hot compressed magnetized plasma to the cold liner is dominated by transverse heat conduction and advection, and the corresponding loss of magnetic flux is dominated by advection and the Nernst effect. For a large electron Hall parameter (omega(e)tau(e) >> 1), the effective diffusion coefficients determining the losses of heat and magnetic flux to the liner wall are both shown to decrease with omega(e)tau(e) as does the Bohm diffusion coefficient cT/(16eB), which is commonly associated with low collisionality and two-dimensional transport. We demonstrate how this family of exact solutions can be used for verification of codes that model the MagLIF plasma dynamics. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Velikovich, A. L.; Giuliani, J. L.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zalesak, S. T.] Berkeley Res Associates Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Velikovich, AL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Velikovich, Alexander/0000-0002-2782-6246 FU National Nuclear Security Administration of DOE FX The authors are grateful to S. A. Slutz, R. A. Vesey, C. A. Jennings, D. B. Sinars, M. E. Cuneo, R. Betti, T. A. Gardiner, and D. D. Ryutov for stimulating discussions. This work was supported by the National Nuclear Security Administration of DOE. NR 50 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2015 VL 22 IS 4 AR 042702 DI 10.1063/1.4916777 PG 17 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA CH2DZ UT WOS:000353837200051 ER PT J AU Johnson, WB Rosenstein, JE Buhrke, RA Haldeman, DC AF Johnson, W. Brad Rosenstein, Judith E. Buhrke, Robin A. Haldeman, Douglas C. TI After "Don't Ask Don't Tell": Competent Care of Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual Military Personnel During the DoD Policy Transition SO PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGY-RESEARCH AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE ethics; competence; LGB; military ID SEXUAL-ORIENTATION; MENTAL-HEALTH; PUBLIC-POLICY; HETEROSEXISM; PERSPECTIVE; HARASSMENT; SERVICE; ISSUES; WORK; PERCEPTIONS AB Repeal of the "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy that excluded openly lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) persons from military service (Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010, Pub. L. No. 111-321, 124 Stat. 3515, 2010) was a defining moment for the nation and cause for hope that open service might become a reality for thousands of LGB service members. But the near-term reality of the DADT repeal may include heightened stressors and risks for LGB military personnel, including continuation of sexual stigma and prejudice and resistance to the policy change, a potential spike in sexual-orientation-based harassment and victimization, difficult decisions about remaining concealed or disclosing sexual orientation, and the potential that military mental health providers will have little recent experience in service delivery to openly LGB clients. In this article, we consider the effects of the DADT policy and the policy repeal on LGB military members. We conclude with several recommendations for psychologists who serve active duty LGB clients and who consult to military commanders and policymakers. C1 [Johnson, W. Brad] US Naval Acad, Dept Leadership Eth & Law, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Rosenstein, Judith E.] US Naval Acad, Sexual Assault Prevent & Response Off, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. Duke Univ, Counseling Serv, Res & Technol, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Buhrke, Robin A.] Duke Univ, Psychol Serv, Res & Technol, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Buhrke, Robin A.] Duke Univ, Psychiat & Behav Studies, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Haldeman, Douglas C.] Univ Washington, Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Johnson, WB (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Luce Hall,Stop 7B, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM johnsonb@usna.edu NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0735-7028 EI 1939-1323 J9 PROF PSYCHOL-RES PR JI Prof. Psychol.-Res. Pract. PD APR PY 2015 VL 46 IS 2 BP 107 EP 115 DI 10.1037/a0033051 PG 9 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA CH3DL UT WOS:000353906700006 ER PT J AU Lin, CH Chen, J AF Lin, Chia-Hsien Chen, James TI A Comparison of Coronal Mass Ejection Models with Observations for Two Large CMEs Detected During the Whole Heliosphere Interval SO TERRESTRIAL ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Solar corona; Coronal mass ejections; CME model; Solar flares; Solar magnetic fields ID MAGNETIC-FIELD EVOLUTION; SOLAR-FLARES; ACCELERATION; CONNECTION; MECHANISMS; ERUPTIONS; WHI AB Two major coronal mass ejections (CMEs) observed during the Whole Heliosphere Interval (WHI) are compared with the catastrophe (CA) and eruptive flux rope (EF) models. The objective is to test two distinct mechanisms for CMEs by modeling these well-observed CMEs and comparing predictions of the theories and observed data. The two CMEs selected for this study occurred on 25 March and 5 April 2008, respectively. For the 25 March event, an M 1.7 class flare, a filament eruption, and hard X-ray (HXR) and soft X-ray (SXR) emissions were observed during the CME onset. The observed CME kinematics and SXR light curve of this event are found to be more consistent with the EF model than with the CA model. For the 5 April event, the SXR light curve shows multiple enhancements, some of which temporally coincide with successive side loop brightening and multiple foot points at the source region after the eruption. The physical connection between the side-loop multiple brightenings and the eruption cannot be determined from the data. Both models produced observationally consistent kinematics profiles, and the EF model correctly predicted the first emission enhancement. Neither model includes multiple brightenings in the formulation. C1 [Lin, Chia-Hsien] Natl Cent Univ, Grad Inst Space Sci, Taoyuan, Taiwan. [Chen, James] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lin, CH (reprint author), Natl Cent Univ, Grad Inst Space Sci, Taoyuan, Taiwan. EM chlin@jupiter.ss.ncu.edu.tw FU NSC of ROC [NSC99-2112-M-008-019-MY3, NSC102-2112-M-008-018]; MOE grant "Aim for the Top University"; Naval Research Laboratory Base Program FX This work is funded by the NSC of ROC under grant NSC99-2112-M-008-019-MY3, NSC102-2112-M-008-018, and the MOE grant "Aim for the Top University" to the National Central University. JC is supported by the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program. The SECCHI data are produced by an international consortium of the NRL, LMSAL, and NASA GSFC (USA), RAL and Univ. Bham (UK), MPS (Germany), CSL (Belgium), IOTA and IAS (France). CHL wishes to thank Jun Lin, Angelos Vourlidas and Lou-Chuang Lee for helpful inputs and suggestion. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHINESE GEOSCIENCE UNION PI TAIPEI PA PO BOX 23-59, TAIPEI 10764, TAIWAN SN 1017-0839 J9 TERR ATMOS OCEAN SCI JI Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. PD APR PY 2015 VL 26 IS 2 BP 121 EP 134 DI 10.3319/TAO.2014.10.15.01(AA) PN 1 PG 14 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA CH1AU UT WOS:000353754300005 ER PT J AU Marelli, M Mignani, RP De Luca, A Parkinson, PMS Salvetti, D Den Hartog, PR Wolff, MT AF Marelli, M. Mignani, R. P. De Luca, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Salvetti, D. Den Hartog, P. R. Wolff, M. T. TI RADIO-QUIET AND RADIO-LOUD PULSARS: SIMILAR IN GAMMA-RAYS BUT DIFFERENT IN X-RAYS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: stars; pulsars: general; stars: neutron; X-rays: stars ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; OUTER MAGNETOSPHERE; RADIATION; EMISSION; PULSATIONS; CATALOG; FIELD; GAPS AB We present new Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of a sample of eight radio-quiet (RQ) gamma-ray pulsars detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope. For all eight pulsars we identify the X-ray counterpart, based on the X-ray source localization and the best position obtained from gamma-ray pulsar timing. For PSR J2030+4415 we found evidence for a similar to 10 ''-long pulsar wind nebula. Our new results consolidate the work from Marelli et al. and confirm that, on average, the gamma-ray-to-X-ray flux ratios (F-gamma/F-X) of RQ pulsars are higher than for the radio-loud (RL) ones. Furthermore, while the F-gamma/F-X distribution features a single peak for the RQ pulsars, the distribution is more dispersed for the RL ones, possibly showing two peaks. We discuss possible implications of these different distributions based on current models for pulsar X-ray emission. C1 [Marelli, M.; Mignani, R. P.; De Luca, A.; Salvetti, D.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Mignani, R. P.] Univ Zielona Gora, Kepler Inst Astron, PL-65265 Zielona Gora, Poland. [De Luca, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Den Hartog, P. R.] Stanford Univ, HEPL KIPAC, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Wolff, M. T.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Marelli, M (reprint author), INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Milano, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM marelli@iasf-milano.inaf.it OI De Luca, Andrea/0000-0001-6739-687X; Marelli, Martino/0000-0002-8017-0338 FU European Commission [267251]; ASI-INAF [I/037/12/0, art.22 L.240/2010]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [GO2-13093X, GO3-14075X, NAS8-03060] FX We thank Andrea Belfiore ("Mario") for the useful discussions on the gamma-ray timing positions of LAT pulsars. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Commission Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement n. 267251. This work was supported by the ASI-INAF contract I/037/12/0, art.22 L.240/2010 for the project "Calibrazione ed Analisi del satallite NuSTAR." Support for this work was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award Numbers GO2-13093X and GO3-14075X issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060. NR 44 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 2 AR 78 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/2/78 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG1DZ UT WOS:000353014500006 ER PT J AU Mashian, N Sturm, E Sternberg, A Janssen, A Hailey-Dunsheath, S Fischer, J Contursi, A Gonzalez-Alfonso, E Gracia-Carpio, J Poglitsch, A Veilleux, S Davies, R Genzel, R Lutz, D Tacconi, L Verma, A Weiss, A Polisensky, E Nikola, T AF Mashian, N. Sturm, E. Sternberg, A. Janssen, A. Hailey-Dunsheath, S. Fischer, J. Contursi, A. Gonzalez-Alfonso, E. Gracia-Carpio, J. Poglitsch, A. Veilleux, S. Davies, R. Genzel, R. Lutz, D. Tacconi, L. Verma, A. Weiss, A. Polisensky, E. Nikola, T. TI HIGH-J CO SLEDs IN NEARBY INFRARED BRIGHT GALAXIES OBSERVED BY HERSCHEL/PACS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: ISM; galaxies: starburst ID MOLECULAR INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; LUMINOSITY IRAS GALAXIES; HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES; GALACTIC GAMMA-RAYS; SEYFERT 2 GALAXY; NGC 1068; STAR-FORMATION; ARP 220; RADIAL-DISTRIBUTION; SPIRE SPECTROSCOPY AB We report the detection of far-infrared (FIR) CO rotational emission from nearby active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and starburst galaxies, as well as several merging systems and Ultra-Luminous Infrared Galaxies (ULIRGs). Using the Herschel Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS), we have detected transitions in the J(upp) = 14-30 range. The PACS CO data obtained here provide the first reference of well-sampled FIR extragalactic CO spectral line energy distributions (SLEDs) for this range. We find a large range in the overall SLED shape, even among galaxies of similar type, demonstrating the uncertainties in relying solely on high-J CO diagnostics to characterize the excitation source of a galaxy. Combining our data with low-J line intensities taken from the literature, we present a CO ratio-ratio diagram and discuss its value in distinguishing excitation sources and physical properties of the molecular gas. The position of a galaxy on such a diagram is less a signature of its excitation mechanism, than an indicator of the presence of warm, dense molecular gas. We then quantitatively analyze the CO emission from a subset of the detected sources with single-component and two-component large velocity gradient (LVG) radiative transfer models to fit the CO SLEDs. From these fits we derive the molecular gas mass and the corresponding CO-to-H-2 conversion factor, alpha(CO), for each respective source. For the ULIRGs we find a values in the canonical range 0.4-5M(circle dot) (K km s(-1) pc(2))(-1), while for the other objects, alpha varies between 0.2 and 14. Finally, we compare our best-fit LVG model results with previous studies of the same galaxies and comment on any differences. C1 [Mashian, N.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sturm, E.; Janssen, A.; Contursi, A.; Gracia-Carpio, J.; Poglitsch, A.; Davies, R.; Genzel, R.; Lutz, D.; Tacconi, L.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Mashian, N.; Sternberg, A.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Hailey-Dunsheath, S.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Fischer, J.; Polisensky, E.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gonzalez-Alfonso, E.] Univ Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain. [Veilleux, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Verma, A.] Univ Oxford, Subdept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Weiss, A.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron MPIfR, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Nikola, T.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Mashian, N (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM nmashian@physics.harvard.edu OI Poglitsch, Albrecht/0000-0002-6414-9408; Fischer, Jacqueline/0000-0001-6697-7808 FU Raymond and Beverly Sackler Tel Aviv University-Harvard Astronomy Program; DFG [STE1869/1-1.GE625/15-1]; US ONR; NHSC; Leverhulme Trust; NASA [1427277, 1454738]; BMVIT (Austria); ESA-PRODEX (Belgium); CEA/CNES (France); DLR (Germany); ASI/INAF (Italy); CICYT/MCYT (Spain); National Science Foundation [DGE1144152] FX N.M. is supported by the Raymond and Beverly Sackler Tel Aviv University-Harvard Astronomy Program. We thank the DFG for support via German-Israeli Project Cooperation grant STE1869/1-1.GE625/15-1. Basic research in IR astronomy at NRL is funded by the US ONR; J.F. also acknowledges support from the NHSC. E.G-A is a Research Associate at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. A.V. thanks the Leverhulme Trust for a Research Fellowship. S.V. also acknowledges partial support from NASA through Herschel grants 1427277 and 1454738. PACS has been developed by a consortium of institutes led by MPE (Germany) and including UVIE (Austria); KU Leuven, CSL, IMEC (Belgium); CEA, LAM (France); MPIA (Germany); INAF-IFSI/OAA/OAP/OAT, LENS, SISSA (Italy); IAC (Spain). This development has been supported by the funding agencies BMVIT (Austria), ESA-PRODEX (Belgium), CEA/CNES (France), DLR (Germany), ASI/INAF (Italy), and CICYT/MCYT (Spain). This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under grant No. DGE1144152. Any opinion, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. NR 73 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 2 AR 81 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/2/81 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG1DZ UT WOS:000353014500009 ER PT J AU Tahara, M Kataoka, J Takeuchi, Y Totani, T Sofue, Y Hiraga, JS Tsunemi, H Inoue, Y Kimura, M Cheung, CC Nakashima, S AF Tahara, M. Kataoka, J. Takeuchi, Y. Totani, T. Sofue, Y. Hiraga, J. S. Tsunemi, H. Inoue, Y. Kimura, M. Cheung, C. C. Nakashima, S. TI SUZAKU X-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF THE FERMI BUBBLES: NORTHERNMOST CAP AND SOUTHEAST CLAW DISCOVERED WITH MAXI-SSC SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; cosmic rays; Galaxy: halo; X-rays: ISM ID RADIO GALAXY; GALACTIC HALO; XMM-NEWTON; HOT GAS; ORBIT PERFORMANCE; EMISSION; TELESCOPE; SPECTRUM; MISSION; WIND AB We report on Suzaku observations of large-scale X-ray structures possibly related to the Fermi Bubbles obtained in 2013 with a total duration of similar or equal to 80 ks. The observed regions were (1) the northern cap (N-cap; l similar to 0 degrees, 45 degrees3 sigma) of the DU target through a minimum of 113 g.cm(-2) of steel, dropping to 85 g.cm(-2) when using a mixed x-ray/photoneutron source. The He-3 proportional counters demonstrate detection (>3 sigma) of the DU target through the maximum 149.7 g.cm(-2) steel shielding deployed for both photon and mixed x-ray/photoneutron sources. C1 [Clemett, Ceri D.; Martin, Philip N.; Hill, Cassie; Threadgold, James R.; O'Malley, John] Atom Weap Estab, Nucl Secur Sci Grp, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. [Maddock, Robert C.; Campbell, Ben] Atom Weap Estab, Radiat Sci Grp, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. [Zier, Jacob C.; Jackson, Stuart L.; Commisso, Robert J.; Schumer, Joseph W.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Woolf, Richard S.; Phlips, Bernard F.; Hutcheson, Anthony L.; Wulf, Eric A.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Clemett, CD (reprint author), Atom Weap Estab, Nucl Secur Sci Grp, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. EM ceri.clemett@awe.co.uk OI Woolf, Richard/0000-0003-4859-1711 FU AWE; U.K Government through the Defence Threat Reduction Agency FX This work at the Naval Research Laboratory was supported by AWE and funded by the U.K Government through the Defence Threat Reduction Agency. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD APR PY 2015 VL 62 IS 2 BP 494 EP 503 DI 10.1109/TNS.2015.2403777 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA CF9LZ UT WOS:000352887500011 ER PT J AU Shiffler, D Schumer, J Jiang, CQ AF Shiffler, Don Schumer, Joe Jiang, Chungqi TI Special Issue on Plenary and Invited Papers from ICOPS-BEAMS 2014 SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Shiffler, Don] US Air Force, Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Schumer, Joe] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Jiang, Chungqi] Old Dominion Univ, Frank Reidy Ctr Bioelect, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Shiffler, D (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM don.shiffler@ieee.org; joseph.schumer@nrl.navy.mil; cjiang@odu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD APR PY 2015 VL 43 IS 4 SI SI BP 913 EP 913 DI 10.1109/TPS.2015.2419411 PN 1 PG 1 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA CG2OI UT WOS:000353113700001 ER PT J AU Chu, PC Tokmakian, RT Fan, CW Sun, LC AF Chu, Peter C. Tokmakian, Robin T. Fan, Chenwu Sun, L. Charles TI Optimal Spectral Decomposition (OSD) for Ocean Data Assimilation SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MINIMAL ADJUSTMENT SCHEME; HYDROGRAPHIC PROFILES; FLOW DECOMPOSITION; VARIABILITY; STABILIZATION; SPARSE; SYSTEM; MODEL AB Optimal spectral decomposition (OSD) is applied to ocean data assimilation with variable (temperature, salinity, or velocity) anomalies (relative to background or modeled values) decomposed into generalized Fourier series, such that any anomaly is represented by a linear combination of products of basis functions and corresponding spectral coefficients. It has three steps: 1) determination of the basis functions, 2) optimal mode truncation, and 3) update of the spectral coefficients from innovation (observational increment). The basis functions, depending only on the topography of the ocean basin, are the eigenvectors of the Laplacian operator with the same lateral boundary conditions as the assimilated variable anomalies. The Vapnik-Chervonkis dimension is used to determine the optimal mode truncation. After that, the model field updates due to innovation through solving a set of a linear algebraic equations of the spectral coefficients. The strength and weakness of the OSD method are demonstrated through a twin experiment using the Parallel Ocean Program (POP) model. C1 [Chu, Peter C.; Tokmakian, Robin T.; Fan, Chenwu] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Naval Ocean Anal & Predict Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Sun, L. Charles] Natl Oceanog Data Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Chu, PC (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, 833 Dyer Rd,RM SP-328, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM pcchu@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Oceanographic Office; Naval Postgraduate School FX The Office of Naval Research, the Naval Oceanographic Office, and the Naval Postgraduate School supported this study. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 EI 1520-0426 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 32 IS 4 BP 828 EP 841 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-14-00079.1 PG 14 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CG0OT UT WOS:000352966600014 ER PT J AU Brouwer, RL de Schipper, MA Rynne, PF Graham, FJ Reniers, AJHM MacMahan, JH AF Brouwer, Ronald L. de Schipper, Matthieu A. Rynne, Patrick F. Graham, Fiona J. Reniers, Ad J. H. M. MacMahan, Jamie H. TI Surfzone Monitoring Using Rotary Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEARSHORE BATHYMETRY; ZONE; CURRENTS; SYSTEMS; IMAGERY; LENSES; SHORE; MODEL AB This study investigates the potential of rotary wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to monitor the surfzone. This paper shows that these UAVs are extremely flexible surveying platforms that can gather near-continuous moderate spatial resolution and high temporal resolution imagery from a fixed position high above a study site. The rotary wing UAVs used in this study can fly for similar to 12 min with a mean loiter radius of 1-3.5 m and a mean loiter error of 0.75-4.5 m. These numbers depend on the environmental conditions, flying style, battery type, and vehicle type. The images obtained from the UAVs, and in combination with surveyed ground control points (GCPs), can be georectified to a pixel resolution between 0.01 and 1 m, and a reprojection error-that is, the difference between the surveyed GPS location of a GCP and the location of the GCP obtained from the georectified image-of O(1 m). The flexibility of rotary wing UAVs provides moderate spatial resolution and high temporal resolution imagery, which are highly suitable to quickly obtain surfzone and beach characteristics in response to storms or for day-to-day beach safety information, as well as scientific pursuits of surfzone kinematics on different spatial and temporal scales, and dispersion and advection estimates of pollutants. C1 [Brouwer, Ronald L.; de Schipper, Matthieu A.] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Hydraul Engn, Delft, Netherlands. [Rynne, Patrick F.; Graham, Fiona J.; Reniers, Ad J. H. M.] Univ Miami, Appl Marine Phys, Miami, FL USA. [MacMahan, Jamie H.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA USA. RP Brouwer, RL (reprint author), Flanders Hydraul Res, Berchemlei 115, B-2140 Antwerp, Belgium. EM ronald.brouwer@mow.vlaanderen.be OI Brouwer, Ronald/0000-0001-6154-3410 FU ERC [291206-NEMO]; BP's Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative FX RB and MS are supported by the ERC-Advanced Grant 291206-NEMO. Furthermore, this research was funded by a grant from BP's Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative. The authors thank two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 EI 1520-0426 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 32 IS 4 BP 855 EP 863 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-14-00122.1 PG 9 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CG0OT UT WOS:000352966600016 ER PT J AU Prak, DJL Jones, MH Cowart, JS Trulove, PC AF Prak, Dianne J. Luning Jones, M. Hope Cowart, Jim S. Trulove, Paul C. TI Density, Viscosity, Speed of Sound, Bulk Modulus, Surface Tension, and Flash Point of Binary Mixtures of 2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethylheptane and 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-Heptamethylnonane at (293.15 to 373.15) K and 0.1 MPa and Comparisons with Alcohol-to-Jet Fuel SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA LA English DT Article ID HYDROTREATED RENEWABLE DIESEL; N-HEXADECANE; COMBUSTION AB In this work, the physical properties of binary mixtures of 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptane and 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane were measured and compared with those of alcohol-to-jet fuel. Density and viscosity were measured at temperatures ranging from (293.15 to 373.15) K, and speed of sound was measured at temperatures ranging from (293.15 to 343.15) K. At 293.15 K, pure component values for 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane of 784.48 kg.m(-3), 3.71 mPa.s, and 1285.8 m.s(-1) for density, viscosity, and speed of sound, respectively, agree with literature values. Similarly for 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptane, the values of 745.21 kg.m(-3), 1.31 mPa.s, and 1203.7 m.s(-1) for density, viscosity, and speed of sound, respectively agree with literature values. Density and mole fraction data were fit to a second-order polynomial at each temperature. Values for bulk modulus ranged from (732 to 1297) MPa over (293.15 to 343.15) K. Viscosity mole fraction data were fit using the three-body McAllister model, whereas the viscosity deviations were fit to a Redlich-Kister type equation. For the mixtures, an increase in mole fraction of 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane resulted in an increase in density, viscosity, speed of sound, bulk modulus, surface tension, and flash point. Increases in temperature decreased density, viscosity, speed of sound, and bulk modulus. At room temperature, the surface tension values ranged from (21.4 to 24.0) mN.m(-1), and the flash points ranged from (318.15 to 367.15) K. Comparison of mixture properties with those of an alcohol-to-jet (ATJ) fuel showed that mixtures containing mass fractions of 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane around 0.3001 had properties that best matched the ATJ fuel. C1 [Prak, Dianne J. Luning; Jones, M. Hope; Trulove, Paul C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Cowart, Jim S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Prak, DJL (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, 572M Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM prak@usna.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9568 J9 J CHEM ENG DATA JI J. Chem. Eng. Data PD APR PY 2015 VL 60 IS 4 BP 1157 EP 1165 DI 10.1021/je501141e PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA CG2FY UT WOS:000353091500024 ER PT J AU Zhang, W Fu, B Peng, MS Li, T AF Zhang, Wei Fu, Bing Peng, Melinda S. Li, Tim TI Discriminating Developing versus Nondeveloping Tropical Disturbances in the Western North Pacific through Decision Tree Analysis SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article DE Forecast verification; skill; Forecasting techniques; Short-range prediction; Statistical forecasting ID PREDICTION SCHEME SHIPS; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; IMBALANCED DATA SETS; CYCLONE GENESIS; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; POTENTIAL INDEX; ATLANTIC BASIN; CYCLOGENESIS; INTENSIFICATION; CHINA AB This study investigates the classification of developing and nondeveloping tropical disturbances in the western North Pacific (WNP) through the C4.5 algorithm. A decision tree is built based on this algorithm and can be used as a tool to predict future tropical cyclone (TC) genesis events. The results show that the maximum 800-hPa relative vorticity, SST, precipitation rate, divergence averaged between 1000- and 500-hPa levels, and 300-hPa air temperature anomaly are the five most important variables for separating the developing and nondeveloping tropical disturbances. This algorithm also unravels the thresholds of the five variables (i.e., 4.2 x 10(-5) s(-1) for maximum 800-hPa relative vorticity, 28.2 degrees C for SST, 0.1 mm h(-1) for precipitation rate, -0.7 x 10(-6) s(-1) for vertically averaged convergence, and 0.5 degrees C for 300-hPa air temperature anomaly). Six rules are derived from the decision tree. The classification accuracy of this decision tree is 81.7% for the 2004-10 cases. The hindcast accuracy for the 2011-13 dataset is 84.6%. C1 [Zhang, Wei] NIAMS, Minist Educ, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Wei] NIAMS, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecast & Evaluat Meteoro, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Wei] NIAMS, Climate Dynam Res Ctr, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Wei] NIAMS, Earth Syst Modeling Ctr, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Wei] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Fu, Bing; Li, Tim] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Int Pacific Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Peng, Melinda S.] Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. [Li, Tim] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Atmospher Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Fu, B (reprint author), Int Pacific Res Ctr, 1680 East West Rd,POST 408, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM bingf@hawaii.edu RI Zhang, Wei /L-5743-2015; OI Zhang, Wei /0000-0001-9447-0414; Zhang, Wei/0000-0001-8134-6908 FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2013CB430102]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41430427, 41201045]; Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (MOE), East China Normal University [KLGIS2012A04]; Jiangsu Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar [BK20140047]; Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of NUIST; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions FX We appreciate the comments and suggestions from anonymous reviewers. This research was jointly supported by the National 973 Fundamental Research Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2013CB430102), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.: 41430427; 41201045), Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (MOE), East China Normal University (Grant No. KLGIS2012A04), Jiangsu Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar (BK20140047), the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of NUIST, and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions. NR 57 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0882-8156 EI 1520-0434 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD APR PY 2015 VL 30 IS 2 BP 446 EP 454 DI 10.1175/WAF-D-14-00023.1 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CG2KN UT WOS:000353103600012 ER PT J AU Watnik, AT Lebow, PS AF Watnik, Abbie T. Lebow, Paul S. TI Weak-signal iterative holography SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-CONJUGATION; TIME-REVERSAL; MEDIA AB An iterative holographic table-top experiment is presented, where a recorded hologram is used to reilluminate the initial target. With this beam shaping setup, more light is directed to the target for each iteration until a convergence limit is met. We experimentally examine convergence properties of this iterative hologram reconstruction approach for weak object signals and compare with theory. C1 [Watnik, Abbie T.; Lebow, Paul S.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Watnik, AT (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Code 5662,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM code5662@nrl.navy.mil NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 54 IS 10 BP 2615 EP 2619 DI 10.1364/AO.54.002615 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA CE9GP UT WOS:000352152400009 PM 25967166 ER PT J AU Gomez-Garcia, R Guyette, AC AF Gomez-Garcia, Roberto Guyette, Andrew C. TI Reconfigurable Multi-Band Microwave Filters SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE Bandpass filters (BPFs); coupled-resonator filters; microstrip filters; microwave filters; multi-band filters; planar filters; reconfigurable filters; transmission zero (TZ); tunable circuits and devices; ultra-wideband (UWB) technology ID BANDPASS-FILTERS; PLANAR FILTERS; DUAL-MODE; RF MEMS; BANDWIDTH; RESONATOR; FREQUENCY; LINES AB An original and simple approach to the design of fully reconfigurable multi-band microwave bandpass filters (BPFs) with an arbitrary number of passbands is reported in this paper. It exploits the use of an innovative quasi-BPF configuration made up of different sets of controllable mono-frequency resonators to separately shape each tunable passband. Thus, high-selectivity multi-band bandpass filtering transfer functions exhibiting independent control in terms of center frequency, bandwidth, and transmission zeros can be synthesized. Furthermore, as an unprecedented frequency-agility feature of the proposed reconfigurable multi-band BPF structure when compared to the state-of-the-art, its passbands can be merged together to form broader, and for certain realizations, higher order transmission bands. This allows even more degrees of reconfiguration to be achieved in the devised circuit, which can also operate as ultra-wideband BPF with flexible in-band notches or self-equalized flat-group-delay quasi-elliptic-type BPF. The theoretical foundations of the described reconfigurable multi-band BPF scheme, along with guidelines for its design and a triple-passband filter synthesis example based on the coupled-node formalism, are expounded. In addition, as an experimental proof-of-concept, two microstrip prototypes with high-tuning implemented through mechanically variable capacitors are manufactured and tested. They are a wideband dual-band BPF and a quadruple-band BPF with narrow-bandwidth passbands. C1 [Gomez-Garcia, Roberto] Univ Alcala De Henares, Dept Signal Theory & Commun, Madrid 28871, Spain. [Guyette, Andrew C.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gomez-Garcia, R (reprint author), Univ Alcala De Henares, Dept Signal Theory & Commun, Madrid 28871, Spain. EM roberto.gomez.garcia@ieee.org; andrew.guyette@nrl.navy.mil FU Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA); Office of Naval Research Global (ONRG) under the Naval International Cooperative Opportunities (NICOP) program [N62902-14-1-025] FX The work of R. Gomez-Garcia was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) and by the Office of Naval Research Global (ONRG) Research Grant N62902-14-1-025 under the Naval International Cooperative Opportunities (NICOP) program. NR 49 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 24 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9480 EI 1557-9670 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD APR PY 2015 VL 63 IS 4 BP 1294 EP 1307 DI 10.1109/TMTT.2015.2405066 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA CF4BW UT WOS:000352494500020 ER PT J AU Huyer, SA AF Huyer, Stephen A. TI Postswirl Maneuvering Propulsor SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID FLOW AB This research examines the novel use of a postswirl propulsor to generate side forces sufficient for undersea vehicle control. Numerical simulations using the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code FLUENT (R) were used to predict the side forces for open and ducted, post-swirl propulsors configured with an upstream rotor and movable downstream stator row. By varying the pitch angles of the stator blade about the circumference, it is possible to generate a mean stator side force that can be used to maneuver the vehicle while generating sufficient roll to counter the torque produced by the rotor. A simple geometric configuration was used to minimize body geometry effects to better understand the flow physics with simulations conducted in a water tunnel environment. Flow computations highlighted the component forces and were used to characterize the velocity fields between the rotor and stator blade rows as well as the velocity field in the stator wake. There was significant coupling between the rotor and stator blade rows as demonstrated by the rotor wake velocity profiles. While the flow fields were coupled, there was not a significant difference in rotor axial or side forces except for the largest pitch amplitudes. Predictions showed that the maneuvering propulsor generated side forces predominantly by the stator and body that significantly exceeded those produced by conventional undersea vehicle control surfaces with side force coefficients on the order of 0.5. These forces are approximately three times larger than those generated by conventional control surfaces on 21 in. unmanned undersea vehicles (UUV's). Even for zero flow velocities, side forces were produced due to the induced flow produced by the rotor over the stator, further demonstrating the potential for this technology to be used for undersea vehicle maneuvering. C1 Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Huyer, SA (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM stephen.huyer@navy.mil FU Naval Undersea Warfare Center FX This work was sponsored by the Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Internal Research Program, Mr. Neil Dubois, program manager. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0098-2202 EI 1528-901X J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD APR PY 2015 VL 137 IS 4 AR 041104 DI 10.1115/1.4029225 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA CF4YU UT WOS:000352561300004 ER PT J AU Tamayo, S Patel, M Yuan, Z Sicignano, N Hopf, K Peacock, F AF Tamayo, S. Patel, M. Yuan, Z. Sicignano, N. Hopf, K. Peacock, F. TI Major Bleeding in Rivaroxaban Users with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation in an Older Adult Population SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-Geriatrics-Society (AGS) CY MAY 10-17, 2015 CL National Harbor, MD SP Amer Geriatr Soc C1 [Tamayo, S.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Patel, M.] Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA. [Yuan, Z.] Janssen Res & Dev LLC, Titusville, NJ USA. [Sicignano, N.; Hopf, K.] Hlth ResearchTx LLC, Trevose, PA USA. [Peacock, F.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-8614 EI 1532-5415 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2015 VL 63 SU 1 SI SI MA C175 BP S221 EP S221 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA CF5EL UT WOS:000352578900621 ER PT J AU Mysliwiec, V Capaldi, VF Gill, J Baxter, T O'Reilly, BM Matsangas, P Roth, BJ AF Mysliwiec, Vincent Capaldi, Vincent F., II Gill, Jessica Baxter, Tristin O'Reilly, Brian M. Matsangas, Panagiotis Roth, Bernard J. TI Adherence to Positive Airway Pressure Therapy in US Military Personnel With Sleep Apnea Improves Sleepiness, Sleep Quality, and Depressive Symptoms SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; MOTOR-VEHICLE COLLISIONS; TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; CPAP ADHERENCE; NASAL CPAP; DAYTIME SLEEPINESS; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; OF-LIFE; ADULTS; AFGHANISTAN AB Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is frequently diagnosed in U.S. military personnel. OSA is associated with sleepiness, poor sleep quality, and service-related illnesses of insomnia, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and traumatic brain injury. Methods: Observational study of active duty military personnel with OSA and adherence to positive airway pressure (PAP) assessed with smart chip technology. Results: 58 men with mean age 36.2 +/- 7.7 years, mean body mass index 31.4 +/- 3.7 with mean apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) 19.1 +/- 19.0 are reported. 23 (39.7%) participants were adherent to PAP, and 35 (60.3%) were nonadherent. No significant differences in baseline demographics, apnea-hypopnea index, service-related illnesses, or clinical instrument scores. Military personnel adherent to PAP had significantly improved sleepiness (p = 0.007), sleep quality (p = 0.013), depressive symptoms (p = 0.01), energy/fatigue (p = 0.027), and emotional well-being (p = 0.024). Participants with moderate-severe OSA were more likely to be in the adherent group when compared with participants diagnosed with mild OSA. Conclusions: Military personnel with OSA have low adherence to PAP. Adherence is associated with improved depressive symptoms, sleepiness, sleep quality, energy/fatigue, emotional well-being, and social functioning. Future research should focus on interventions to improve the management of OSA in military personnel. C1 [Mysliwiec, Vincent; Baxter, Tristin; O'Reilly, Brian M.; Roth, Bernard J.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Pulm Sleep Med Crit Care, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. [Capaldi, Vincent F., II] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Gill, Jessica] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Matsangas, Panagiotis] US Navy, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Mysliwiec, V (reprint author), Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Pulm Sleep Med Crit Care, 9040A Fitzsimmons Ave, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. FU Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine [60855] FX The authors thank Angela Mysliwiec, MD, Madigan Army Medical Center, for editing assistance and review of the manuscript. Dr. Angela Mysliwiec did not receive compensation for her contributions. This study was supported, in part, by grant no. 60855 from the Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine. NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2015 VL 180 IS 4 BP 475 EP 482 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00197 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA CF6UJ UT WOS:000352691600016 PM 25826354 ER PT J AU Robel, I Shabaev, A Lee, DC Schaller, RD Pietryga, JM Crooker, SA Efros, AL Klimov, VI AF Robel, Istvan Shabaev, Andrew Lee, Doh C. Schaller, Richard D. Pietryga, Jeffrey M. Crooker, Scott A. Efros, Alexander L. Klimov, Victor I. TI Temperature and Magnetic-Field Dependence of Radiative Decay in Colloidal Germanium Quantum Dots SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Germanium; nanooystal; quantum dot; dark and bright exciton; electron-hole exchange interaction; photoluminescence; magnetic field ID ABSORPTION-EDGE SPECTRUM; VISIBLE-LIGHT EMISSION; SILICON NANOCRYSTALS; SI NANOCRYSTALS; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; GE NANOCRYSTALS; FINE-STRUCTURE; DARK-EXCITON; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; LUMINESCENCE AB We conduct spectroscopic and theoretical studies of photoluminescence (PL) from Ge quantum dots (QDs) fabricated via colloidal synthesis. The dynamics of late-time PL exhibit a pronounced dependence on temperature and applied magnetic field, which can be explained by radiative decay involving two closely spaced, slowly emitting exciton states. In 3.5 nm QDs, these states are separated by similar to 1 meV and are characterized by similar to 82 mu s and similar to 18 mu s lifetimes. By using a four-band formalism, we calculate the fine structure of the indirect band-edge exciton arising from the electron-hole exchange interaction and the Coulomb interaction of the G-point hole with the anisotropic charge density of the Gamma-point electron. The calculations suggest that the observed PL dynamics can be explained by phonon-assisted recombination of excitons thermally distributed between the lower-energy "dark" state with the momentum projection J = +/- 2 and a higher energy "bright" state with J = +/- 1. A fairly small difference between lifetimes of these states is due to their mixing induced by the exchange term unique to crystals with a highly symmetric cubic lattice such as Ge. C1 [Robel, Istvan; Lee, Doh C.; Schaller, Richard D.; Pietryga, Jeffrey M.; Klimov, Victor I.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Crooker, Scott A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Shabaev, Andrew] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Efros, Alexander L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Klimov, VI (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM klimov@lanl.gov RI Lee, Doh Chang/C-1835-2011; Robel, Istvan/D-4124-2011; OI Robel, Istvan/0000-0002-9738-7728; Klimov, Victor/0000-0003-1158-3179 FU Chemical Sciences, Biosciences and Geosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Office of Science (OS), U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics (CASP) an Energy Frontier Research Center - BES, OS, U.S. DOE; Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program FX I.R., D.C.L, R.D.S., J.M.P., SAC., and V.I.K. were supported by the Chemical Sciences, Biosciences and Geosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Office of Science (OS), U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). AS. was supported by the Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics (CASP) an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by BES, OS, U.S. DOE. A.L.E. acknowledges financial support of the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program. NR 58 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 72 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2015 VL 15 IS 4 BP 2685 EP 2692 DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00344 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA CF7QA UT WOS:000352750200071 PM 25793644 ER PT J AU Wu, CC Lepping, RP AF Wu, Chin-Chun Lepping, Ronald P. TI Comparisons of Characteristics of Magnetic Clouds and Cloud-Like Structures During 1995-2012 SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Magnetic cloud; Magnetic cloud-like-structure; Geomagnetic storm; Coronal mass ejection; Solar activity; Solar cycle ID 3-DIMENSIONAL GLOBAL SIMULATION; SOLAR-WIND; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; 1 AU; EVENTS; PROPAGATION; CMES AB Using eighteen years (1995 -aEuro parts per thousand 2012) of solar wind plasma and magnetic field data (observed by the Wind spacecraft), solar activity (e.g. sunspot number: SSN), and the geomagnetic-activity index (Dst), we have identified 168 magnetic clouds (MCs) and 197 magnetic-cloud-like structures (MCLs), and we have made relevant comparisons. The following features are found during seven different periods (TP: total period during 1995 -aEuro parts per thousand 2012, P1 and P2: first and second half-period during 1995 -aEuro parts per thousand 2003 and 2004 -aEuro parts per thousand 2012, Q1 and Q2: quiet periods during 1995 -aEuro parts per thousand 1997 and 2007 -aEuro parts per thousand 2009, A1 and A2: active periods during 1998 -aEuro parts per thousand 2006 and 2010 -aEuro parts per thousand 2012). (1) During the total period, the yearly occurrence frequency is 9.3 for MCs and 10.9 for MCLs. (2) In the quiet periods aOE (c) N (MCs)>(Q1) > aOE (c) N (MCLs)>(Q1) and aOE (c) N (MCs)>(Q2) > aOE (c) N (MCLs)>(Q2), but in the active periods aOE (c) N (MCs)>(A1) < aOE (c) N (MCLs)>(A1) and aOE (c) N (MCs)>(A2) < aOE (c) N (MCLs)>(A2). (3) The minimum Bz (Bz (min)) inside of an MC is well correlated with the intensity of geomagnetic activity, Dst(min) (minimum Dst found within a storm event) for MCs (with a Pearson correlation coefficient, , and the fitting function is Dst(min)=0.90+7.78Bz (min)), but Bz (min) for MCLs is not well correlated with the Dst index (, and the fitting function is Dst(min)=-9.40+4.58Bz (min)). (4) MCs play a major role in producing geomagnetic storms: the absolute value of the average Dst(min) (aOE (c) Dst(min)>(MC)=-70 nT) for MCs associated geomagnetic storms is twice as strong as that for MCLs (aOE (c) Dst(min)>(MCL)=-35 nT) because of the difference in the IMF (interplanetary magnetic field) strength. (5) The SSN is uncorrelated with MCs (aOE (c) N (MCs)>(TP), ), but is well associated with MCLs (aOE (c) N (MCLs)>(TP), ). Note that the c.c. for SSN vs. aOE (c) N (MCs)>(P2) is higher than that for SSN vs. aOE (c) N (MCLs)>(P2). (6) Averages of IMF, solar wind speed, and density inside of the MCs are higher than those inside of the MCLs. (7) The average of MC duration (a parts per thousand aEuro parts per thousand 18.82 hours) is a parts per thousand aEuro parts per thousand 20 % longer than the average of MCL duration (a parts per thousand aEuro parts per thousand 15.69 hours). (8) There are more MCs than MCLs in the quiet solar period and more MCLs than MCs in the active solar period, probably as a result of the interaction between an MC and another significant interplanetary disturbance (including another MC), which could obviously change the character of an MC, but we speculate that some MCLs are no doubt due to other factors such as complex birth conditions at the Sun. C1 [Wu, Chin-Chun] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lepping, Ronald P.] GSFC NASA, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Wu, CC (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Chin-Chun.Wu@NRL.NAVY.MIL FU ONR 6.1 program FX We are grateful to the Wind SWE and MFI teams, Kyoto University (Dst data), the World Data Center SILSO of the Royal Observatory of Belgium (Sunspot number), and NOAA/NGDC (who provided web access for sunspot number and Dst data sets) for the use of their data. This study is supported by ONR 6.1 program (CCW). NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 EI 1573-093X J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD APR PY 2015 VL 290 IS 4 BP 1243 EP 1269 DI 10.1007/s11207-015-0656-5 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CF6YU UT WOS:000352703700012 ER PT J AU Johnson-Laird, PN Khemlani, SS Goodwin, GP AF Johnson-Laird, P. N. Khemlani, Sangeet S. Goodwin, Geoffrey P. TI Logic, probability, and human reasoning SO TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES LA English DT Review ID WORKING-MEMORY CAPACITY; MENTAL MODEL-THEORY; DEDUCTIVE INFERENCE; ILLUSORY INFERENCES; FINETTI TABLES; DUAL PROCESSES; CONDITIONALS; PSYCHOLOGY; COGNITION; PARADIGM AB This review addresses the long-standing puzzle of how logic and probability fit together in human reasoning. Many cognitive scientists argue that conventional logic cannot underlie deductions, because it never requires valid conclusions to be withdrawn - not even if they are false; it treats conditional assertions implausibly; and it yields many vapid, although valid, conclusions. A new paradigm of probability logic allows conclusions to be withdrawn and treats conditionals more plausibly, although it does not address the problem of vapidity. The theory of mental models solves all of these problems. It explains how people reason about probabilities and postulates that the machinery for reasoning is itself probabilistic. Recent investigations accordingly suggest a Way to integrate probability and deduction. C1 [Johnson-Laird, P. N.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Johnson-Laird, P. N.] NYU, New York, NY USA. [Khemlani, Sangeet S.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Goodwin, Geoffrey P.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Johnson-Laird, PN (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM phil@princeton.edu FU Jerome and Isabella Karle Fellowship from the Naval Research Laboratory FX The authors thank Ruth Byrne, Rebecca Schwarzlose (TiCS editor), and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive criticisms of an earlier draft. They are also grateful to Igor Douven, Niki Pfeifer, Gernot Kleiter, and Klaus Oberauer for helping them to clarify their views about the four key hypotheses of the new paradigm. This research was supported by a Jerome and Isabella Karle Fellowship from the Naval Research Laboratory to S.S.K. NR 160 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 6 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1364-6613 J9 TRENDS COGN SCI JI TRENDS COGN. SCI. PD APR PY 2015 VL 19 IS 4 BP 201 EP 214 DI 10.1016/j.tics.2015.02.006 PG 14 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA CF6NY UT WOS:000352674600008 PM 25770779 ER PT J AU Parad, A Leonard, E Handler, L AF Parad, Adrienne Leonard, Elizabeth Handler, Lara TI Exercise and Pregnancy Loss SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Editorial Material ID PHYSICAL EXERTION; MISCARRIAGE; RISK C1 [Parad, Adrienne] Lawrence Mem Med Grp, Mystic, CT 06379 USA. [Leonard, Elizabeth] Naval Hosp, Camp Lejeune, NC USA. [Handler, Lara] Univ N Carolina, Hlth Sci Lib, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Parad, A (reprint author), Lawrence Mem Med Grp, Mystic, CT 06379 USA. EM alparad@lmhosp.org NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X EI 1532-0650 J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 7 BP 437 EP 438 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA CE8UM UT WOS:000352119600003 PM 25884740 ER PT J AU Essock-Burns, T Leary, D Solderbloom, E Orihuela, B Moseley, A Spillmann, C Wahl, K Rittschof, D AF Essock-Burns, T. Leary, D. Solderbloom, E. Orihuela, B. Moseley, A. Spillmann, C. Wahl, K. Rittschof, D. TI Use of Arthropod Wound Healing Mechanisms in Barnacles Amphibalanus (=Balanus) amphitrite SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2015 CL West Palm Beach, FL SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27706 USA. US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. EM tara.essock-burns@duke.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 55 SU 1 MA 48.6 BP E53 EP E53 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF6HS UT WOS:000352658400212 ER PT J AU Frumkin, K AF Frumkin, Kenneth TI BACTERIOLOGY OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN EMERGENCY PATIENTS AGED 0-36 MONTHS SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE UTI; pediatrics; infectious disease; guidelines; cultures ID YOUNG FEBRILE CHILDREN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TECHNICAL REPORT; INITIAL UTI; VACCINE ERA; 1ST YEAR; INFANTS; RESISTANCE; PREVALENCE; BACTEREMIA AB Background: Because urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most frequent source of serious bacterial infections in young children, we studied the bacteriology of such infections in our institution. Objectives: Pediatric urine cultures were reviewed for age-and sex-specific differences in testing, prevalence, causative organisms, and antibiotic sensitivities. Methods: A retrospective 5-year observational study of all urine cultures from Emergency Department patients aged 0-36 months found 4403 cultures. Primary outcomes were numbers of cultures obtained, infections found, the organisms isolated, and their antibiotic sensitivities. Results: Boys were cultured much less frequently (overall 4.7% vs. 19.4% of girls, p < 0.001). Three hundred ninety-six cultures yielded infection episodes. Although far fewer boys were cultured, their overall positive culture rate (10.9%) was significantly higher than for girls (8.4%; p = 0.01), with more Gram-positive organisms (52.3%; vs. 18.6% Gram-positives in girls; p < 0.001). The rate of positive cultures in boys and girls remained 8.4% and 10.3%, respectively, even in 2-year-olds. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid were effective against all isolates. Conclusions: Age-and sex-based assumptions guiding evaluation for and treatment of UTIs in young children should be reevaluated. We may not be culturing enough young boys, risking missed UTIs with potential for renal injury in this vulnerable group. Based on their significant rate of Gram-positive infections, those boys we treat empirically might benefit more from trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid than from third-generation cephalosporins. The persistence of positive cultures in 2-year-olds suggests we should be culturing beyond 24 months in both sexes. Urine Gram stains should be more frequently considered. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Frumkin, K (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0736-4679 EI 1090-1280 J9 J EMERG MED JI J. Emerg. Med. PD APR PY 2015 VL 48 IS 4 BP 405 EP 415 DI 10.1016/j.jemermed.2014.11.004 PG 11 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA CE8RU UT WOS:000352112600008 PM 25541327 ER PT J AU Patrick, MA Holt, JA Joye, CD De Lucia, FC AF Patrick, Mark A. Holt, Jennifer A. Joye, Colin D. De Lucia, Frank C. TI Range resolved mode mixing in a large volume for the mitigation of speckle and strategic target orientation requirements in active millimeter-wave imaging SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID CONCEALED-OBJECT DETECTION; 100 GHZ; ILLUMINATION; REDUCTION; REGION; CAMERA; ARRAY AB In spite of many reports of active millimeter-wave imaging in the literature, speckle and requirements for cooperative target orientation significantly reduce its practical usefulness. Here we report a new technique, range resolved mode mixing (RRMM), which significantly mitigates both of these issues. It also provides a three-dimensional (3D) image. RRMM accomplishes this by combining multimode illumination (which eliminates the requirement for cooperative target orientation) with range resolution (which provides statistical independence of speckle patterns for averaging and the 3D image). The use of a 5W extended interaction klystron amplifier results in large signal margins in the 50 m scale atrium of the Physics Department at Ohio State University. It appears that there are a number of scenarios out to a range of 1 km for which this approach is useful to provide 3D images, with minimal speckle, and no requirement for cooperative target orientation. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America C1 [Patrick, Mark A.; Holt, Jennifer A.; De Lucia, Frank C.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Joye, Colin D.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP De Lucia, FC (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM delucia.2@osu.edu FU Defense Advanced Research Project Agency; Army Research Office; Office of Naval Research FX We acknowledge the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency, the Army Research Office, and the Office of Naval Research for their support of this work. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 EI 1520-8532 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD APR PY 2015 VL 32 IS 4 BP 637 EP 646 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.32.000637 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA CF0CH UT WOS:000352209700017 PM 26366774 ER PT J AU Nichols, JM Miller, C AF Nichols, J. M. Miller, C. TI Analytical expression for the average ensquared energy SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID OBSCURED CIRCULAR PUPILS; POWER AB We derive an expression for the average area of intersection between a blur spot of radius R and a square pixel, where the center of the blur is uniformly chosen from the pixel interior. Implications of the result are then discussed in the context of a point source detection problem. C1 [Nichols, J. M.; Miller, C.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Nichols, JM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave,Code 5665, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jonathan.nichols@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory, Base Program [6.2] FX The authors would like to acknowledge funding from the Naval Research Laboratory as part of a 6.2 Base Program. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 EI 1520-8532 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD APR PY 2015 VL 32 IS 4 BP 654 EP 659 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.32.000654 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA CF0CH UT WOS:000352209700019 PM 26366776 ER PT J AU Barrett, BS Henley, BN AF Barrett, Bradford S. Henley, Brittany N. TI Intraseasonal Variability of Hail in the Contiguous United States: Relationship to the Madden-Julian Oscillation SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID NONTORNADIC OUTBREAKS; CLIMATOLOGY; REANALYSIS; PREDICTABILITY; ENVIRONMENTS; SIMULATIONS; PREDICTION; GROWTH; STORMS; FLOW AB Climatologies have been developed to highlight variability of the frequency and intensity of hail in the United States. However, the intraseasonal variability of hail, including why one week might be active while the following inactive despite both having similar climatological probabilities, has not yet been explored. This paper presents relationships between spring-season (April-June) hail days and the leading mode of atmospheric intraseasonal variability, the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO). It extends recent work on intraseasonal tornado variability to smaller spatial scales. In April, May, and June, statistically significant variability in hail days was found for different Real-time Multivariate MJO(RMM) phases of the MJO. For April, the strongest correlations between hail-day anomalies and anomalies of the product of convective available potential energy (CAPE) and 0-6-km vertical wind shear were found in RMM phase 5, with above-normal likelihood of a hail day found in the south-central United States. For May, the strongest correlations were found in RMM phase 3, with below-normal likelihood of a hail day located over the north-central United States. For June, the strongest correlations were found in phase 8, with above-normal likelihood of hail in west Texas and below-normal likelihood of hail over much of the middle of the United States. In all phases, 300-hPa height anomalies in the United States formed part of a global wave train similar to MJO patterns in both modeling and observational studies. C1 [Barrett, Bradford S.; Henley, Brittany N.] US Naval Acad, Dept Oceanog, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Barrett, BS (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Oceanog, 572C Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM bbarrett@usna.edu FU NSF [AGS-1240143] FX This work was partially supported by NSF Grant AGS-1240143. The authors thank V. Gensini for providing gridded 0-6-km shear data from the NARR. The authors thank S. Mrose-Boles of the Science and Engineering Apprenticeship Program (SEAP) and H. Leslie for providing helpful edits to the manuscript. Finally, the authors thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions. NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD APR PY 2015 VL 143 IS 4 BP 1086 EP 1103 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-14-00257.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CE8PR UT WOS:000352106400006 ER PT J AU Archambault, HM Keyser, D Bosart, LF Davis, CA Cordeira, JM AF Archambault, Heather M. Keyser, Daniel Bosart, Lance F. Davis, Christopher A. Cordeira, Jason M. TI A Composite Perspective of the Extratropical Flow Response to Recurving Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclones SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID GEOSTROPHIC VERTICAL MOTIONS; PREDECESSOR RAIN EVENTS; DOWNSTREAM IMPACTS; Q-VECTOR; PART II; BAROCLINIC WAVES; FORECAST ERROR; TRANSITION; MIDLATITUDE; JET AB This study investigates the composite extratropical flow response to recurving western North Pacific tropical cyclones (WNP TCs), and the dependence of this response on the strength of the TC-extratropical flow interaction as defined by the negative potential vorticity advection (PV) by the irrotational wind associated with the TC. The 2.5 degrees NCEP-NCAR reanalysis is used to construct composite analyses of all 1979-2009 recurving WNP TCs and of subsets that undergo strong and weak TC-extratropical flow interactions. Findings indicate that recurving WNP TCs are associated with the amplification of a preexisting Rossby wave train (RWT) that disperses downstream and modifies the large-scale flow pattern over North America. This RWT affects approximately 240 degrees of longitude and persists for approximately 10 days. Recurving TCs associated with strong TC-extratropical flow interactions are associated with a stronger extratropical flow response than those associated with weak TC-extratropical flow interactions. Compared with weak interactions, strong interactions feature a more distinct upstream trough, stronger and broader divergent outflow associated with stronger midlevel frontogenesis and forcing for ascent over and northeast of the TC, and stronger upper-level PV frontogenesis that promotes more pronounced jet streak intensification. During strong interactions, divergent outflow helps anchor and amplify a downstream ridge, thereby amplifying a preexisting RWT from Asia that disperses downstream to North America. In contrast, during weak interactions, divergent outflow weakly amplifies a downstream ridge, such that a RWT briefly amplifies in situ before dissipating over the western-central North Pacific. C1 [Archambault, Heather M.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA USA. [Keyser, Daniel; Bosart, Lance F.] SUNY Albany, Dept Atmospher & Environm Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Davis, Christopher A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Cordeira, Jason M.] Plymouth State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci & Chem, Plymouth, NH USA. RP Archambault, HM (reprint author), 1315 East West Hwy, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM heather.archambault@noaa.gov FU NSF [AGS-0935830]; NOAA [NA09OAR4310192]; National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Postgraduate School FX We are grateful to the three anonymous reviewers who offered specific, thoughtful suggestions for improvements to an earlier version of the paper. We thank Drs. Brian Colle (Stony Brook University), Christian Grams (ETH), Pat Harr (Naval Postgraduate School), Wayne Higgins (NOAA/Climate Program Office), Michael Riemer (University of Mainz), and Ryan Torn (University at Albany) for helpful discussions. This research was funded by NSF Grant AGS-0935830 and NOAA Grant NA09OAR4310192. A portion of this research was completed while the first author held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Postgraduate School, and during the first author's three-month visit with coauthor Chris Davis, which was supported by the NCAR Advanced Study Program Graduate Student Visitor Program. NR 73 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD APR PY 2015 VL 143 IS 4 BP 1122 EP 1141 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-14-00270.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CE8PR UT WOS:000352106400008 ER PT J AU Spott, A Davenport, M Peters, J Bovington, J Heck, MJR Stanton, EJ Vurgaftman, I Meyer, J Bowers, J AF Spott, Alexander Davenport, Michael Peters, Jon Bovington, Jock Heck, Martijn J. R. Stanton, Eric J. Vurgaftman, Igor Meyer, Jerry Bowers, John TI Heterogeneously integrated 2.0 mu m CW hybrid silicon lasers at room temperature SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WAVE-GUIDES AB Here we experimentally demonstrate room temperature, continuous-wave (CW), 2.0 mu m wavelength lasers heterogeneously integrated on silicon. Molecular wafer bonding of InP to Si is employed. These hybrid silicon lasers operate CW up to 35 degrees C and emit up to 4.2 mW of single-facet CW power at room temperature. III-V tapers transfer light from a hybrid III-V/silicon optical mode into a Si waveguide mode. These lasers enable the realization of a number of sensing and detection applications in compact silicon photonic systems. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America C1 [Spott, Alexander; Davenport, Michael; Peters, Jon; Bovington, Jock; Heck, Martijn J. R.; Stanton, Eric J.; Bowers, John] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Vurgaftman, Igor; Meyer, Jerry] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Spott, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM spott@ece.ucsb.edu RI Heck, Martijn/G-2677-2013 OI Heck, Martijn/0000-0003-4201-4614 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE 1144085] FX The work at both UCSB and NRL is supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR). This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE 1144085. We thank nLight and C. L. Canedy, J. Abell, C. D. Merritt, W. W. Bewley, and C. S. Kim of NRL for useful discussions. NR 14 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 40 IS 7 BP 1480 EP 1483 DI 10.1364/OL.40.001480 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA CE9HK UT WOS:000352154600089 PM 25831364 ER PT J AU Hafizi, B Palastro, JP Penano, JR Gordon, DF Jones, TG Helle, MH Kaganovich, D AF Hafizi, B. Palastro, J. P. Penano, J. R. Gordon, D. F. Jones, T. G. Helle, M. H. Kaganovich, D. TI Stimulated Raman scattering and nonlinear focusing of high-power laser beams propagating in water SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The physical processes associated with propagation of a high-power (power > critical power for self-focusing) laser beam in water include nonlinear focusing, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), optical breakdown, and plasma formation. The interplay between nonlinear focusing and SRS is analyzed for cases where a significant portion of the pump power is channeled into the Stokes wave. Propagation simulations and an analytical model demonstrate that the Stokes wave can re-focus the pump wave after the power in the latter falls below the critical power. It is shown that this novel focusing mechanism is distinct from cross-phase focusing. The phenomenon of gain-focusing discussed here for propagation in water is expected to be of general occurrence applicable to any medium supporting nonlinear focusing and stimulated Raman scattering. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America C1 [Hafizi, B.; Penano, J. R.; Gordon, D. F.; Jones, T. G.; Helle, M. H.; Kaganovich, D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Palastro, J. P.] Icarus Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20824 USA. RP Hafizi, B (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM bahman.hafizi@nrl.navy.mil OI Kaganovich, Dmitri/0000-0002-0905-5871 FU Naval Research Laboratory Base Program FX The authors would like to acknowledge helpful discussions with Y.-H. Chen and A. Ting. This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 40 IS 7 BP 1556 EP 1558 DI 10.1364/OL.40.001556 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA CE9HK UT WOS:000352154600108 PM 25831383 ER PT J AU Fleming, B AF Fleming, Bruce TI The Vocabulary of Transgender Theory SO SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material DE Transgender theory; Sex-change operation; Sexual orientation AB The article considers the nascent vocabulary of transgender theory. What are the implications of separating "sex" from "gender" and such locutions as someone "being a woman in the body of a man"? It suggests that this vocabulary is problematic and based on a false view that I alone can control the vocabulary others use to refer to me. C1 US Naval Acad, Dept English 12B, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Fleming, B (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept English 12B, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM fleming@usna.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0147-2011 EI 1936-4725 J9 SOCIETY JI Society PD APR PY 2015 VL 52 IS 2 BP 114 EP 120 DI 10.1007/s12115-015-9870-x PG 7 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Sociology SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology GA CE9HL UT WOS:000352154700001 ER PT J AU Downey, BP Meyer, DJ Katzer, DS Marron, TM Pan, M Gao, X AF Downey, B. P. Meyer, D. J. Katzer, D. S. Marron, T. M. Pan, M. Gao, X. TI Effect of SiNx gate insulator thickness on electrical properties of SiNx/In0.17Al0.83N/AlN/GaN MIS-HEMTs SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE GaN; HEMT; Interface charge; Gate insulator ID MILLIMETER-WAVE APPLICATIONS; ALGAN/GAN HEMTS; PASSIVATION; PERFORMANCE; TECHNOLOGY; EPITAXY; HFETS AB The effect of SiNx thickness on device characteristics such as threshold voltage, carrier density, and carrier mobility have been determined for a metal-organic chemical-vapor-deposition grown In0.17Al0.83N/AlN/GaN structure with an ultra-thin In0.17Al0.83N/AIN (2.3/1 nm) barrier layer. The SiNx gate dielectric was deposited ex situ in an RF plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy system. The threshold voltage shifts negatively and the carrier density increases as the SiNx thickness is increased from 1 to 6 nm due to the presence of a positive charge at the SiNx/In0.17Al0.83N interface. An interfacial charge of +3.84 x 10(13) cm(-2) was extracted through the dependence of threshold voltage on insulator thickness. While remote charge scattering from the interfacial charge is shown to limit the carrier mobility, values as high as 1550 cm(2)/V s were achieved. Low gate and off-state drain leakage currents of less than 500 nA/mm, a drain current ON/OFF ratio of approximately 10(7), and a normalized three terminal breakdown voltage of approximately 60-80 V/mu m gate-drain spacing were achieved on these ultra-thin In0.17Al0.83N/AlN barrier devices by implementing a thin SiNx gate insulator. The ability to maintain a short gate-to-channel distance while utilizing a gate insulator for reduced leakage current and improved breakdown can provide a pathway for higher power millimeter-wavelength amplifier performance. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Downey, B. P.; Meyer, D. J.; Katzer, D. S.] US Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Marron, T. M.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. [Pan, M.; Gao, X.] IQE RF, Somerset, NJ 08873 USA. RP Downey, BP (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brian.downey@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors would like to thank Neil Green for his assistance with sample fabrication. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research with funding from Dr. Paul Maki. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 36 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 EI 1879-2405 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD APR PY 2015 VL 106 BP 12 EP 17 DI 10.1016/j.sse.2014.12.025 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA CF7OV UT WOS:000352747100002 ER PT J AU Leski, TA Stockelman, MG Moses, LM Park, M Stenger, DA Ansumana, R Bausch, DG Lin, BC AF Leski, Tomasz A. Stockelman, Michael G. Moses, Lina M. Park, Matthew Stenger, David A. Ansumana, Rashid Bausch, Daniel G. Lin, Baochuan TI Sequence Variability and Geographic Distribution of Lassa Virus, Sierra Leone SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; WEST-AFRICA; MASTOMYS-NATALENSIS; FEVER; GUINEA; ASSAY; RISK; IDENTIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTION AB Lassa virus (LASV) is endemic to parts of West Africa and causes highly fatal hemorrhagic fever. The multimammate rat (Mastomys natalensis) is the only known reservoir of LASV. Most human infections result from zoonotic transmission. The very diverse LASV genome has 4 major lineages associated with different geographic locations. We used reverse transcription PCR and resequencing microarrays to detect LASV in 41 of 214 samples from rodents captured at 8 locations in Sierra Leone. Phylogenetic analysis of partial sequences of nucleoprotein (NP), glycoprotein precursor (GPO), and polymerase (L) genes showed 5 separate clades within lineage IV of LASV in this country. The sequence diversity was higher than previously observed; mean diversity was 7.01% for nucleoprotein gene at the nucleotide level. These results may have major implications for designing diagnostic tests and therapeutic agents for LASV infections in Sierra Leone. C1 [Leski, Tomasz A.; Stockelman, Michael G.; Stenger, David A.; Lin, Baochuan] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Moses, Lina M.] Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Moses, Lina M.; Bausch, Daniel G.] Tulane Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, New Orleans, LA USA. [Park, Matthew] Thomas Jefferson High Sch, Alexandria, VA USA. [Ansumana, Rashid] Mercy Hosp Res Lab, Bo, Sierra Leone. [Ansumana, Rashid] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Ansumana, Rashid] Njala Univ, Bo, Italy. RP Leski, TA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 6910, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM tomasz.leski@nrl.navy.mil RI Leski, Tomasz/K-6916-2013; Lin, Baochuan/A-8390-2009 OI Leski, Tomasz/0000-0001-7688-9887; Lin, Baochuan/0000-0002-9484-0785 FU Office of Naval Research; American Society for Engineering Education, Office of Naval Research, SEAP at the Naval Research Laboratory FX Funding for this project was provided by the Office of Naval Research. M.P. was a Science and Engineering Apprenticeship Program (SEAP) summer intern supported by the American Society for Engineering Education as part of the Office of Naval Research, SEAP, at the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 23 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD APR PY 2015 VL 21 IS 4 BP 609 EP 618 DI 10.3201/eid2104.141469 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA CE2NK UT WOS:000351652100008 PM 25811712 ER PT J AU LeBlanc, J Shukla, A AF LeBlanc, James Shukla, Arun TI Response of polyurea-coated flat composite plates to underwater explosive loading SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Composite materials; UNDEX loading; polyurea coatings; computational modeling; digital image correlation ID CAPABILITY; COATINGS; MODEL AB An experimental and numerical study has been conducted to evaluate the underwater blast response of E-Glass/epoxy composite plates with polyurea coatings. The goal of the study is to determine the effects of these elastomeric coatings on the dynamic response of the plates, specifically the influence of coating thickness, location, and plate natural frequency. The composite material is a 0 degrees/90 degrees biaxial layup and the coatings are applied to either the loaded or non-loaded faces. A conical shock tube facility which produces shock loading conditions representative of the underwater detonation of an explosive charge is used to impart the shock loading to the plates during the experiments. The transient response of the plates is recorded using a three-dimensional (3D) digital image correlation system, consisting of high-speed photography and specialized post processing software. Computational models of the experiments are developed using the LS-DYNA finite element code. The simulations are shown to have a high level of correlation to the experimental data in terms of center point displacements and full field deformation profiles. Additional parametric studies using the correlated model show that the transient response of the composite plates is improved with increasing coating thickness, and that polyurea coatings located on the back face of the panels provide better performance than when located on the loaded surface. C1 [LeBlanc, James] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI USA. [Shukla, Arun] Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. RP LeBlanc, J (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM James.M.LeBlanc@navy.mil FU Naval Undersea Warfare Center (Division Newport) In-house Laboratory Independent Research program (ILIR); Office of Naval Research under ONR [N00014-10-1-0662] FX The financial support of the Naval Undersea Warfare Center (Division Newport) In-house Laboratory Independent Research program (ILIR) directed by Neil Dubois is greatly acknowledged. Arun Shukla would like to acknowledge the support of Office of Naval Research under ONR Grant No. N00014-10-1-0662 (Dr Y.D.S. Rajapakse) to the University of Rhode Island. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 16 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0021-9983 EI 1530-793X J9 J COMPOS MATER JI J. Compos Mater. PD APR PY 2015 VL 49 IS 8 BP 965 EP 980 DI 10.1177/0021998314528263 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA CE6OS UT WOS:000351958200007 ER PT J AU Mohr, SB Gorham, ED Garland, CF Grant, WB Garland, FC Cuomo, RE AF Mohr, Sharif B. Gorham, Edward D. Garland, Cedric F. Grant, William B. Garland, Frank C. Cuomo, Raphael E. TI Are low ultraviolet B and vitamin D associated with higher incidence of multiple myeloma? SO JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Myeloma; Ultraviolet rays; Incidence; Vitamin D; Alcohol; Cigarettes; Multiple regression; International comparisons ID BREAST-CANCER; INCIDENCE RATES; PLASMA 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN-D; SERUM 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN-D; OVARIAN-CANCER; RISK; IRRADIANCE; PREVENTION; COUNTRIES; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN-D AB Background: The purpose of this study was to determine whether an inverse association exists between latitude, solar ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiance, and incidence rates of multiple myeloma. Methods Associations of latitude and UVB irradiance with age-standardized incidence rates of multiple myeloma were analyzed for 175 countries while controlling for sex-specific obesity prevalence, cigarette consumption, and alcohol consumption using multiple linear regression. Results Incidence rates of multiple myeloma were greater at higher latitudes (R-2 for latitude for males = 0.31, p < 0.0001; females R-2=0.27, p < 0.0001). In regression models for males (R-2=0.62, p < 0.0001) and females (R-2=0.51, p < 0.0001), UVB irradiance was independently inversely associated with incidence rates. Conclusions Age-adjusted incidence rates of multiple myeloma were higher in countries with lower solar UVB irradiance. Further investigation is warranted in individuals of the association of prediagnostic serum 25 (OH)D with risk. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mohr, Sharif B.; Gorham, Edward D.; Garland, Cedric F.; Garland, Frank C.; Cuomo, Raphael E.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Mohr, Sharif B.; Gorham, Edward D.; Garland, Frank C.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Grant, William B.] Sunlight Nutr & Hlth Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. [Cuomo, Raphael E.] San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Cuomo, RE (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM raphael.e.cuomo@gmail.com RI Grant, William/B-8311-2009 OI Grant, William/0000-0002-1439-3285 FU Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC, through the Department of the Navy, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery [60126] FX This research was supported by a Congressional allocation to the Hollings Cancer Center of the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC, through the Department of the Navy, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, under Work Unit No. 60126. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not represent an official position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the U. S. Government. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-0760 J9 J STEROID BIOCHEM JI J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 148 SI SI BP 245 EP 252 DI 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.12.005 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA CE4FJ UT WOS:000351786200037 PM 25500072 ER PT J AU LeardMann, CA Woodall, KA Littman, AJ Jacobson, IG Boyko, EJ Smith, B Wells, TS Crum-Cianflone, NF AF LeardMann, Cynthia A. Woodall, Kelly A. Littman, Alyson J. Jacobson, Isabel G. Boyko, Edward J. Smith, Besa Wells, Timothy S. Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. TI Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Predicts Future Weight Change in the Millennium Cohort Study SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID NATIONALLY REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE; BODY-MASS INDEX; MILITARY SERVICE; PRIMARY-CARE; FOLLOW-UP; PRIME-MD; HEALTH; OBESITY; PTSD; US AB ObjectiveTo prospectively examine the association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and weight change. MethodsLongitudinal analysis techniques were used to examine data (2001-2008) from Millennium Cohort Study participants, consisting of U.S. service members and veterans. Using the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version, PTSD was assessed as none, resolved, new onset, or persistent. Subsequent weight change was assessed as stable (loss or gain), >3% weight loss, >3% but <10% weight gain, and 10% weight gain. ResultsOf the 38,352 participants, 2391 (6.2%) had PTSD (838 resolved, 1024 new onset, and 529 persistent), and 11% of participants subsequently had 10% weight gain. In multivariable models, PTSD was associated with higher odds of 10% weight gain (new onset OR: 1.44 [95% CI: 1.20-1.73]; persistent OR: 1.51 [CI: 1.17-1.96]; resolved OR: 1.30 [CI: 1.05-1.60]) compared with those without PTSD. New-onset and persistent PTSD were also associated with higher odds of >3% weight loss (OR: 1.41 [CI: 1.17-1.71]; OR: 1.42 [CI: 1.09-1.86], respectively). ConclusionsPTSD is independently associated with a higher risk of weight gain and loss, the former of which leads to a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity and a higher risk of comorbidities associated with excessive body adiposity. C1 [LeardMann, Cynthia A.; Woodall, Kelly A.; Jacobson, Isabel G.; Smith, Besa; Wells, Timothy S.; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Littman, Alyson J.; Boyko, Edward J.] Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. RP LeardMann, CA (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM cynthia.leardmann@med.navy.mil FU Military Operational Medicine Research Program of the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland; Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System; Rehabilitation Research VA Career Development Award [6982]; Department of Defense [60002] FX The Millennium Cohort Study is funded through the Military Operational Medicine Research Program of the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland. Drs. Boyko and Littman's efforts in this project were supported by Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System. Dr. Littman's time was also supported in part through a Rehabilitation Research VA Career Development Award (#6982). This research represents Naval Health Research Center report 14-06, supported by the Department of Defense, under work unit no. 60002. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of the Army, Department of the Air Force, Department of Defense, Department of Veterans Affairs, or the U.S. Government. The funding organizations had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, analysis, or preparation of data; or preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 EI 1930-739X J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD APR PY 2015 VL 23 IS 4 BP 886 EP 892 DI 10.1002/oby.21025 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA CE4XA UT WOS:000351832400025 PM 25776806 ER PT J AU Suzuki, M Deschamps, JR Jacobson, AE Rice, KC AF Suzuki, Masaki Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Jacobson, Arthur E. Rice, Kenner C. TI Chiral Resolution and Absolute Configuration of the Enantiomers of the Psychoactive "Designer Drug" 3,4-Methylenedioxypyrovalerone SO CHIRALITY LA English DT Article DE 3; 4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV); designer drug; bath salts; euphoric stimulant; synthesis; non-chromatographic chiral resolution ID SYNTHETIC CATHINONES; BATH SALTS AB Illicit rac-MDPV (3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone), manufactured in clandestine labs, has become widely abused for its cocaine-like stimulant properties. It has recently been found as one of the toxic materials in the so-called bath salts, producing, among other effects, psychosis and tachycardia in humans when introduced by any of the several routes of administration (e.g., intravenous, oral, etc.). The considerable toxicity of this designer drug probably resides in one of the enantiomers of the racemate. In order to obtain a sufficient amount of the enantiomers of rac-MDPV to determine their activity, we improved the known synthesis of rac-MDPV and found chemical resolving agents, (+)- and (-)-2'-bromotetranilic acid, that gave the MDPV enantiomers in >96% enantiomeric excess as determined by H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance and chiral high-performance liquid chromatography. The absolute stereochemistry of these enantiomers was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Chirality 27:287-293, 2015. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Suzuki, Masaki; Jacobson, Arthur E.; Rice, Kenner C.] NIDA, Drug Design & Synth Sect, Mol Targets & Medicat Discovery Branch, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rice, KC (reprint author), NIDA, Drug Design & Synth Sect, Mol Targets & Medicat Discovery Branch, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, 9800 Med Ctr Dr,Rm 228A, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM kr21f@nih.gov FU NIH Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA); NIH Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; NIDA [Y1-DA1101]; Naval Research Laboratory FX The work of the Drug Design and Synthesis Section, NIDA, & NIAAA, was supported by the NIH Intramural Research Programs of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. The X-ray crystallographic work was supported by NIDA through an Interagency Agreement #Y1-DA1101 with the Naval Research Laboratory. We thank Dr. Klaus Gawrisch and Dr. Walter Teague (Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA), for NMR spectral data. The authors also thank Noel Whittaker, Mass Spectrometry Facility, NIDDK, for mass spectral data. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0899-0042 EI 1520-636X J9 CHIRALITY JI Chirality PD APR PY 2015 VL 27 IS 4 BP 287 EP 293 DI 10.1002/chir.22423 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Organic; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA CD9ZA UT WOS:000351459400001 PM 25727807 ER PT J AU Denning, DE AF Denning, Dorothy E. TI Toward More Secure Software SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Denning, DE (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM dedennin@nps.edu NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0001-0782 EI 1557-7317 J9 COMMUN ACM JI Commun. ACM PD APR PY 2015 VL 58 IS 4 BP 24 EP 26 DI 10.1145/2736281 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA CE3NW UT WOS:000351734500013 ER PT J AU Armstrong, EP Malone, DC Krishnan, S Wessler, MJ AF Armstrong, Edward P. Malone, Daniel C. Krishnan, Sangeeta Wessler, Maj Jacob TI Adherence to clotting factors among persons with hemophilia A or B SO HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hemophilia; Medication adherence; Compliance; Bleeding; Pharmacy; Regimens ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; PROPHYLAXIS THERAPY; UNITED-STATES; POPULATION; COUNTRIES; DISEASE AB Objective: Evaluate adherence to clotting factor treatment and associated outcomes for patients with hemophilia using an integrated delivery database. Methods: This was a retrospective, observational study tracking patients between 2006 and 2011. Patients with diagnosis codes for hemophilia were identified. Bleeding and complication rates were annualized over the study period. Medication adherence was assessed using prescription claims for clotting factors by examining sequential time periods of 180 days for each patient's continuous enrollment. Adherence within the time period was calculated using the 'days supply' field divided by 180 days. Under the assumption that severe patients should be treated prophylactically, patients were considered adherent within the time period if the ratio of 'days supply' to observed days was 60% or greater. Results: A total of 207 patients (74.9 and 25.1% hemophilia A and B, respectively) met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. There were 101 (48.8%) mild, 32 (15.5%) moderate, and 74 (35.7%) severe patients with hemophilia. The percentage of time periods where adherence to clotting factors was 60% or greater was 14% (SD = 28%) for mild disease, 21% (SD = 32%) for moderate disease, and 51% (SD = 36%) for severe disease. Among patients with severe disease, 27 (36.5%) were adherent = 30% of time periods, 22 (29.7%) adherent 31-70% of the time periods, and 25 (33.8%) were adherent = 71% of time periods. Joint bleeding episodes and hospitalizations were uncommon events among the three groups. Conclusions: Among patients with severe disease, the majority (66.2%) were adherent < 70% of the time. C1 [Armstrong, Edward P.; Malone, Daniel C.] Strateg Therapeut LLC, Tucson, AZ 85737 USA. [Armstrong, Edward P.; Malone, Daniel C.] Univ Arizona, Coll Pharm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Krishnan, Sangeeta] Biogen Idec Inc, Weston, MA USA. [Wessler, Maj Jacob] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Pediat, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP Armstrong, EP (reprint author), Strateg Therapeut LLC, 11020 N Canada Ridge Dr, Tucson, AZ 85737 USA. EM ed.armstrong@strategictherapeutics.com FU Biogen Idec FX Funding This project was funded by Biogen Idec. No products manufactured by Biogen Idec were included in the analysis. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 1024-5332 EI 1607-8454 J9 HEMATOLOGY JI Hematology PD APR PY 2015 VL 20 IS 3 BP 148 EP 153 DI 10.1179/1607845414Y.0000000176 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA CE2VS UT WOS:000351679100005 PM 25001343 ER PT J AU Tian, LG Dong, LT Phan, N Atluri, SN AF Tian, Longgang Dong, Leiting Nam Phan Atluri, Satya N. TI Three-Dimensional SGBEM-FEM Alternating Method for Analyzing Fatigue-Crack Growth in and the Life of Attachment Lugs SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE CRACKS; FRACTURE-MECHANICS; SINGULAR TRACTION; ROUND BARS; ELEMENTS; ELASTICITY; INTEGRALS; TENSION; HOLE; BIE AB In the present paper, stress intensity factor (SIF) analyses and fatigue-crack-growth simulations of corner cracks emanating from loaded pinholes of attachment lugs in structural assemblies are carried out for different load cases. A three-dimensional (3D) symmetric Galerkin boundary-element method (SGBEM) and FEM alternating method is developed to analyze the nonplanar growth of these surface cracks under general fatigue. The 3D SGBEM-FEM alternating method involves two very simple and coarse meshes that are independent of each other: (1) a very coarse FEM mesh to analyze the uncracked lug, and (2) a very coarse SGBEM mesh to model only the growing crack surface. By using the SGBEM-FEM alternating method, the nonplanar growth of cracks in 3D (surfaces of discontinuity) up to the failure of structures are efficiently simulated, and accurate estimations of fatigue lives are made. The accuracy and reliability of the SGBEM-FEM alternating method are verified by comparing them to other FEM solutions, as well as experimental data for fatigue-crack growth available in the open literature. The SIF calculations, crack surface evolutions, and fatigue-life estimations are all in good agreement with other detailed FEM solutions and experimental observations. It is noted that for fracture and fatigue analyses of complex 3D structures such as attachment lugs, a pure FEM requires several hundreds of thousands or even millions of elements, whereas the present 3D SGBEM-FEM alternating method requires only up to 1,000 FEM elements and similar to 100 SGBEM elements. It thus demonstrates that the present SGBEM-FEM alternating method, among the many Schwartz-Neumann-type alternating methods developed in the past 20-30 years are suitable for analyzing fracture and fatigue-crack propagation in complex 3D structures in a very computationally efficient manner, as well as with very low human labor costs. (C) 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Tian, Longgang] Tongji Univ, Dept Geotech Engn, Coll Civil Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China. [Dong, Leiting] Hohai Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Nam Phan] Naval Air Syst Command, Struct Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. [Atluri, Satya N.] Univ Calif Irvine, Ctr Aerosp Res & Educ, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Dong, LT (reprint author), Hohai Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM dong.leiting@gmail.com RI TIAN, Longgang/M-5826-2013; Atluri, Satya/D-1386-2011; Dong, Leiting /D-7970-2013 OI TIAN, Longgang/0000-0003-4250-8083; Dong, Leiting /0000-0003-1460-1846 FU China Scholarship Council [201306260034]; National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2011CB013800]; New Century Excellent Talents Project in China [NCET-12-0415] FX The first author gratefully acknowledges the financial support of the China Scholarship Council (grant 201306260034), the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, grant 2011CB013800), and the New Century Excellent Talents Project in China (grant NCET-12-0415). NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 18 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9399 EI 1943-7889 J9 J ENG MECH JI J. Eng. Mech. PD APR PY 2015 VL 141 IS 4 AR 04014142 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000870 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA CD9OR UT WOS:000351428200006 ER PT J AU Hill, JM AF Hill, John M. TI ANGLO-SAXON KEYWORDS SO JOURNAL OF ENGLISH AND GERMANIC PHILOLOGY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Hill, John M.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Hill, JM (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV ILLINOIS PRESS PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1325 S OAK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-6903 USA SN 0363-6941 J9 J ENGL GER PHILOL JI J. Engl. Ger. Philol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 114 IS 2 BP 292 EP 294 PG 3 WC Language & Linguistics; Literature, British Isles; Literature, German, Dutch, Scandinavian; Medieval & Renaissance Studies SC Linguistics; Literature; Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA CE0EX UT WOS:000351478400006 ER PT J AU Anderson, W Barros, JM Christensen, KT Awasthi, A AF Anderson, William Barros, Julio M. Christensen, Kenneth T. Awasthi, Ankit TI Numerical and experimental study of mechanisms responsible for turbulent secondary flows in boundary layer flows over spanwise heterogeneous roughness SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE turbulent boundary layers; turbulent flows ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; SCALE 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES; SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; WALL TURBULENCE; VORTEX PACKETS; CHANNEL FLOW; ORGANIZATION; VORTICITY; CURRENTS; REGION AB We study the dynamics of turbulent boundary layer flow over a heterogeneous topography composed of roughness patches exhibiting relatively high and low correlation in the streamwise and spanwise directions, respectively (i.e. the roughness appears as streamwise-aligned 'strips'). It has been reported that such roughness induces a spanwise-wall normal mean secondary flow in the form of mean streamwise vorticity associated with counter-rotating boundary-layer-scale circulations. Here, we demonstrate that this mean secondary flow is Prandtl's secondary flow of the second kind, both driven and sustained by spatial gradients in the Reynolds-stress components, which cause a subsequent imbalance between production and dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy that necessitates secondary advective velocities. In reaching this conclusion, we study (i) secondary circulations due to spatial gradients of turbulent kinetic energy, and (ii) the production budgets of mean streamwise vorticity by gradients of the Reynolds stresses. We attribute the secondary flow phenomena to extreme peaks of surface stress on the relatively high-roughness regions and associated elevated turbulence production in the fluid immediately above. An optimized state is attained by entrainment of fluid exhibiting the lowest turbulent stresses - from above - and subsequent lateral ejection in order to preserve conservation of mass. C1 [Anderson, William; Awasthi, Ankit] Univ Texas Dallas, Mech Engn Dept, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. [Barros, Julio M.] US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Christensen, Kenneth T.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Christensen, Kenneth T.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Christensen, Kenneth T.] Kyushu Univ, Int Inst Carbon Neutral Energy Res WPI I2CNER, Nishi Ku, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan. RP Anderson, W (reprint author), Univ Texas Dallas, Mech Engn Dept, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. EM wca140030@utdallas.edu RI Christensen, Kenneth/B-1123-2009; U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016 OI Christensen, Kenneth/0000-0003-1468-2455; FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-07-1-0129, FA9550-10-1-0372, FA9550-14-1-0101]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Young Investigator Program [FA9550-14-1-0394] FX This work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Program Managers: Drs J. Schmisseur and R. Ponnappan) under grant nos FA9550-07-1-0129 (K.T.C.), FA9550-10-1-0372 (K.T.C.) and FA9550-14-1-0101 (W.A., K.T.C.). W.A. was also supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Young Investigator Program, grant no. FA9550-14-1-0394 (Program Managers: Drs J. Schmisseur and E. Montgomery). Computational resources were provided by Academic and Research Computing Services at Baylor University. W.A. thanks Ms Dina Caplinger (UT Dallas Office of Sponsored Projects) for internal administering of supporting grants. We thank the anonymous reviewers and Professor Ron Adrian for insightful comments made on this work. NR 80 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 30 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-1120 EI 1469-7645 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD APR PY 2015 VL 768 DI 10.1017/jfm.2015.91 PG 32 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA CD6VZ UT WOS:000351229500017 ER PT J AU Spinner, NS Field, CR Hammond, MH Williams, BA Myers, KM Lubrano, AL Rose-Pehrsson, SL Tuttle, SG AF Spinner, Neil S. Field, Christopher R. Hammond, Mark H. Williams, Bradley A. Myers, Kristina M. Lubrano, Adam L. Rose-Pehrsson, Susan L. Tuttle, Steven G. TI Physical and chemical analysis of lithium-ion battery cell-to-cell failure events inside custom fire chamber SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Lithium-ion batteries; Failure; Cell-to-cell propagation; Gas analysis; Surrogate cells ID OVERCHARGE; ABUSE; COMPONENTS AB A 5-cubic meter decompression chamber was re-purposed as a fire test chamber to conduct failure and abuse experiments on lithium-ion batteries. Various modifications were performed to enable remote control and monitoring of chamber functions, along with collection of data from instrumentation during tests including high speed and infrared cameras, a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, real-time gas analyzers, and compact reconfigurable input and output devices. Single- and multi-cell packages of LiCoO2 chemistry 18650 lithium-ion batteries were constructed and data was obtained and analyzed for abuse and failure tests. Surrogate 18650 cells were designed and fabricated for multi-cell packages that mimicked the thermal behavior of real cells without using any active components, enabling internal temperature monitoring of cells adjacent to the active cell undergoing failure. Heat propagation and video recordings before, during, and after energetic failure events revealed a high degree of heterogeneity; some batteries exhibited short burst of sparks while others experienced a longer, sustained flame during failure. Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, dimethyl carbonate, and ethylene carbonate were detected via gas analysis, and the presence of these species was consistent throughout all failure events. These results highlight the inherent danger in large format lithium-ion battery packs with regards to cell-to-cell failure, and illustrate the need for effective safety features. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Spinner, Neil S.; Field, Christopher R.; Hammond, Mark H.; Williams, Bradley A.; Myers, Kristina M.; Lubrano, Adam L.; Rose-Pehrsson, Susan L.; Tuttle, Steven G.] US Navy, Res Lab, Navy Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Spinner, Neil S.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Myers, Kristina M.; Lubrano, Adam L.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Tuttle, SG (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Navy Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM steven.tuttle@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [40001414WX20004] FX The authors would like to thank the Office of Naval Research (award number 40001414WX20004) for financial support of this work. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 7 U2 58 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 279 BP 713 EP 721 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.01.068 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA CD2OT UT WOS:000350919600080 ER PT J AU Silvestrini, RT AF Silvestrini, Rachel T. TI Considerations for D-Optimal Sequential Design SO QUALITY AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE design of experiments; alphabetic optimal design; linear regression AB Classical D-optimal design is used to create experimental designs for situations in which an underlying system model is known or assumed known. The D-optimal strategy can also be used to add additional experimental runs to an existing design. This paper demonstrates a study of variable choices related to sequential D-optimal design and how those choices influence the D-efficiency of the resulting complete design. The variables studied are total sample size, initial experimental design size, step size, whether or not to include center points in the initial design, and complexity of initial model assumption. The results indicate that increasing total sample size improves the D-efficiency of the design, less effort should be placed in the initial design, especially when the true underlying system model isn't known, and it is better to start off with assuming a simpler model form, rather than a complex model, assuming that the experimenter can reach the true model form during the sequential experiments. Copyright (C) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Silvestrini, RT (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM rtsilves@nps.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0748-8017 EI 1099-1638 J9 QUAL RELIAB ENG INT JI Qual. Reliab. Eng. Int. PD APR PY 2015 VL 31 IS 3 BP 399 EP 410 DI 10.1002/qre.1600 PG 12 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA CD9QY UT WOS:000351434200007 ER PT J AU Mouw, CB Greb, S Aurin, D DiGiacomo, PM Lee, Z Twardowski, M Binding, C Hu, CM Ma, RH Moore, T Moses, W Craig, SE AF Mouw, Colleen B. Greb, Steven Aurin, Dirk DiGiacomo, Paul M. Lee, Zhongping Twardowski, Michael Binding, Caren Hu, Chuanmin Ma, Ronghua Moore, Timothy Moses, Wesley Craig, Susanne E. TI Aquatic color radiometry remote sensing of coastal and inland waters: Challenges and recommendations for future satellite missions SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE Remote sensing; Optics; Coastal oceanography; Limnology; Water quality ID INHERENT OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; INDUCED CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; TURBID PRODUCTIVE WATERS; AIR-POLLUTION EVENTS; OCEAN COLOR; CYANOBACTERIAL BLOOMS; LEAVING RADIANCE; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION; SEMIANALYTICAL MODEL AB Aquatic color radiometry remote sensing of coastal and inland water bodies is of great interest to a wide variety of research, management, and commercial entities as well as the general public. However, most current satellite radiometers were primarily designed for observing the global ocean and not necessarily for observing coastal and inland waters. Therefore, deriving coastal and inland aquatic applications from existing sensors is challenging. We describe the current and desired state of the science and highlight unresolved issues in four fundamental elements of aquatic satellite remote sensing namely, mission capability, in situ observations, algorithm development, and operational capacity. We discuss solutions, future plans, and recommendations that directly affect the science and societal impact of future missions with capability for observing coastal and inland aquatic systems. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Mouw, Colleen B.] Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Greb, Steven] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Madison, WI 53716 USA. [Aurin, Dirk] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Sci Syst & Applicat, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [DiGiacomo, Paul M.] NOAA NESDIS Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Lee, Zhongping] Univ Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Twardowski, Michael] WETLabs Inc, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Binding, Caren] Environm Canada, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. [Hu, Chuanmin] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL USA. [Ma, Ronghua] Chinese Acad Sci, Nanjing Inst Geog & Limnol, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Moses, Wesley] Naval Res Lab, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Craig, Susanne E.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. RP Mouw, CB (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM cbmouw@mtu.edu; Steven.Greb@Wisconsin.gov; dirka.aurin@nasa.gov; paul.digiacomo@noaa.gov; zhongping.lee@umb.edu; mtwardo@wetlabs.com; Caren.Binding@ec.gc.ca; huc@usf.edu; rhma@niglas.ac.cn; timothy.moore@unh.edu; wesley.moses@nrl.navy.mil; susanne.craig@dal.ca RI DiGiacomo, Paul/F-5584-2010; Mouw, Colleen/M-4431-2015; OI DiGiacomo, Paul/0000-0003-4550-1899; Mouw, Colleen/0000-0003-2516-1882; Moses, Wesley/0000-0003-3551-6093 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX12AJ07G, NNX14AB80G] FX Financial support for this effort was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NNX12AJ07G and NNX14AB80G). The ideas, views and recommendations presented in this article were developed from the contributions of all participants of the "Workshop for Remote Sensing of Coastal and Inland Waters" held on June 20-22, 2012 in Madison, Wisconsin (Mouw & Greb, 2012). The comments from Marvin Bauer and four anonymous reviewers greatly improved the manuscript. The contents of this article are solely the opinions of the authors and do not constitute a statement of policy, decision, or position on behalf of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) or the U.S. Government. This is contribution number 6 of Great Lakes Research Center at Michigan Technological University. NR 199 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 18 U2 84 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD APR PY 2015 VL 160 BP 15 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2015.02.001 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA CE2KO UT WOS:000351644700002 ER PT J AU Seagren, CW AF Seagren, Chad W. TI A Replication and Analysis of Tiebout Competition Using an Agent-Based Computational Model SO SOCIAL SCIENCE COMPUTER REVIEW LA English DT Article DE tiebout competition; agent-based modeling; voting behavior; local government ID POLITICAL-INSTITUTIONS; PARTIES AB Replication is a critical element of the scientific process. This article is an effort to contribute to the slowly growing literature concerning the replication of agent-based computational models. We present a replication of Kollman, Miller, and Page's model of Tiebout sorting. In that model, individual agents with heterogeneous preferences for government policies select among jurisdictions that offer the most satisfactory package of government services. This project makes three contributions to the literature. First, our successful replication provides the research community with a modernized version of that seminal model. Second, we confirm that earlier results with respect to the single jurisdiction setting are highly robust with respect to voter preferences, while the results for multiple jurisdiction settings are more sensitive. Finally, we demonstrate a technique for conducting sensitivity analyses that leverages a high-dimensional experimental design. C1 [Seagren, Chad W.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Seagren, CW (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, 1411 Cunningham Rd,GI-239, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM cwseagre@nps.edu NR 19 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0894-4393 EI 1552-8286 J9 SOC SCI COMPUT REV JI Soc. Sci. Comput. Rev. PD APR PY 2015 VL 33 IS 2 BP 198 EP 216 DI 10.1177/0894439314534810 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Information Science & Library Science; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA CD4KS UT WOS:000351051900005 ER PT J AU Goswami, R Bernstein, N AF Goswami, R. Bernstein, N. TI Effect of interfaces of grain boundary Al2CuLi plates on fracture behavior of Al-3Cu-2Li SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE TEM; Grain boundary precipitates; Al-Li alloys; DFT simulation; Fracture behavior ID AL-LI ALLOYS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; HIGH-STRENGTH; PRECIPITATION; DEFORMATION; AEROSPACE; PRODUCTS; SPACE AB Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to investigate the interfacial characteristics and fracture behavior of Al-3Cu-2Li containing plate-like Al2CuLi (known as the T-1 phase) precipitates at grain boundaries. TEM studies showed that T-1 plates form at grain boundaries, with a coherent interface on one side parallel to the {1 1 1} planes of the matrix and a non-coherent interface with no preferred orientation relative to the grain on the other side. The low energy of the coherent interface leads to a serration of the grain boundaries due to the growth of the grain boundary T-1 phase. Under tensile loading, the intergranular T-1 phase leads to the formation of nanopores at the non-coherent side, and fracture mostly through the non-coherent grain boundary T-1/matrix interface for under-, peak- and over-aged conditions. DFT simulations showed that, under tensile loading, fracture is most likely to take place at the T-1/Al interface, and the non-coherent side of the grain boundary is weakest as the decohesion energy is 25% lower than that of the coherent interface. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 [Goswami, R.; Bernstein, N.] Naval Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Goswami, R (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ramasis.goswami@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory's 6.1 Research Program; Office of Naval Research [N0001414WX00826] FX Funding for this project was provided by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory's 6.1 Research Program. R.G. would like to thank Dr. L. Kabacoff, Office of Naval Research, for funding under contract N0001414WX00826. Special thanks are due to Dr. A.K. Vasudevan for providing technical guidance to this study. R.G. also would like to thank Dr. Stanley Lynch, Dr. Henry Hollroyd, Dr. Julian M. Rosalie and Dr. Ronald L. Holtz for helpful discussions. We would like to thank Mr. Leroy Levenberry for his help with the heat treatments, optical microscopy and EDM. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 9 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 87 BP 399 EP 410 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2014.12.025 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA CC6ZO UT WOS:000350517700038 ER PT J AU Pietrosimone, B McLeod, MM Florea, D Gribble, PA Tevald, MA AF Pietrosimone, Brian McLeod, Michelle M. Florea, David Gribble, Phillip A. Tevald, Michael A. TI Immediate increases in quadriceps corticomotor excitability during an electromyography biofeedback intervention SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROMYOGRAPHY AND KINESIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Knee; Arthrogenic muscle inhibition; Rehabilitation ID TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION; CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION; ARTHROGENIC MUSCLE INHIBITION; EXTERNAL FOCUS; ACTIVATION; STRENGTH; REHABILITATION; FEEDBACK; OSTEOARTHRITIS; INSTRUCTIONS AB The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of EMG-BF on vastus lateralis corticomotor excitability, measured via motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitudes elicited using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) during a maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). We also determined the effect of EMG-BF on isometric knee extensor strength. Fifteen healthy participants volunteered for this crossover study with two sessions held one-week apart. Participants were randomly assigned to condition order, during which five intervention MVICs were performed with or without EMG-BF. MEP amplitudes were collected with TMS during five knee extension contractions (5% of MVIC) at baseline and again during intervention MVICs within each session. During the control condition, participants were instructed to perform the same number of MVICs without any EMG-BF. Percent change scores were used to calculate the change in peak-to-peak MEP amplitudes that occurred during EMG-BF and Control MVICs compared to the baseline MEPs. Peak knee extension torque was recorded during MVICs prior to TMS for each condition. EMG-BF produced significantly increased MEP change scores and significantly greater torque than the control condition. The results of the current study suggest that EMG-BF may be a viable clinical method for targeting corticomotor excitability. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Pietrosimone, Brian] Univ N Carolina, Dept Exercise & Sport Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [McLeod, Michelle M.] Coll Charleston, Dept Hlth & Human Performance, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. [Florea, David] US Naval Acad, Dept Athlet, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Gribble, Phillip A.] Univ Kentucky, Coll Hlth Sci, Lexington, KY USA. [Tevald, Michael A.] Univ Toledo, Dept Rehabil Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Pietrosimone, B (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Exercise & Sport Sci, Sports Med Res Lab, 210 South Rd Fetzer Hall,RM 032, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM brian@unc.edu NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1050-6411 EI 1873-5711 J9 J ELECTROMYOGR KINES JI J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 25 IS 2 BP 316 EP 322 DI 10.1016/j.jelekin.2014.11.007 PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Physiology; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA CC6HH UT WOS:000350465500016 PM 25561075 ER PT J AU Vurgaftman, I Weih, R Kamp, M Meyer, JR Canedy, CL Kim, CS Kim, M Bewley, WW Merritt, CD Abell, J Hofling, S AF Vurgaftman, I. Weih, R. Kamp, M. Meyer, J. R. Canedy, C. L. Kim, C. S. Kim, M. Bewley, W. W. Merritt, C. D. Abell, J. Hoefling, S. TI Interband cascade lasers SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE mid-infrared lasers; semiconductor lasers; interband cascade lasers ID MU-M; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; LOW-THRESHOLD; QUANTUM-WELLS; INAS/ALSB SUPERLATTICES; SEMICONDUCTOR-LASER; MIDINFRARED LASERS; INFRARED-LASERS; DIODE-LASERS; POWER AB We review the current status of interband cascade lasers (ICLs) emitting in the midwave infrared (IR). The ICL may be considered the hybrid of a conventional diode laser that generates photons via electron-hole recombination, and an intersubband-based quantum cascade laser (QCL) that stacks multiple stages for enhanced current efficiency. Following a brief historical overview, we discuss theoretical aspects of the active region and core designs, growth by molecular beam epitaxy, and the processing of broad-area, narrow-ridge, and distributed feedback (DFB) devices. We then review the experimental performance of pulsed broad area ICLs, as well as the continuous-wave (cw) characteristics of narrow ridges having good beam quality and DFBs producing output in a single spectral mode. Because the threshold drive powers are far lower than those of QCLs throughout the lambda = 3-6 mu m spectral band, ICLs are increasingly viewed as the laser of choice for mid-IR laser spectroscopy applications that do not require high output power but need to be hand-portable and/or battery operated. Demonstrated ICL performance characteristics to date include threshold current densities as low as 106 A cm(-2) at room temperature (RT), cw threshold drive powers as low as 29 mW at RT, maximum cw operating temperatures as high as 118 degrees C, maximum cw output powers exceeding 400 mW at RT, maximum cw wallplug efficiencies as high as 18% at RT, maximum cw single-mode output powers as high as 55 mW at RT, and single-mode output at lambda = 5.2 mu m with a cw drive power of only 138 mW at RT. C1 [Vurgaftman, I.; Meyer, J. R.; Canedy, C. L.; Kim, C. S.; Bewley, W. W.; Merritt, C. D.; Abell, J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hoefling, S.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Weih, R.; Kamp, M.; Hoefling, S.] Univ Wurzburg, Tech Phys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Kim, M.] Sotera Def Solut Inc, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. RP Vurgaftman, I (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil RI Kamp, Martin/G-9704-2011; Hofling, Sven/C-3140-2013 OI Kamp, Martin/0000-0002-7219-2297; Hofling, Sven/0000-0003-0034-4682 FU Office of Naval Research; European Union [318798] FX NRL acknowledges support from the Office of Naval Research. UWUERZ is grateful to the European Union for financial support of this work within the FP7 project 'WideLase' (No. 318798). We also thank S. Kuhn, M. Wagenbrenner, S. Handel, and T. Steinl for technical assistance. NR 92 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 8 U2 60 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 EI 1361-6463 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 48 IS 12 AR 123001 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/48/12/123001 PG 17 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CD1GB UT WOS:000350821700001 ER PT J AU Shattuck, NL Matsangas, P AF Shattuck, Nita Lewis Matsangas, Panagiotis TI Psychomotor vigilance performance predicted by Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores in an operational setting with the United States Navy SO JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE fatigue; fitness-for-duty; operational performance; shiftwork; sleep deprivation ID TEST PVT; DEPRIVATION; APNEA; VULNERABILITY; SENSITIVITY; DURATION; VALIDITY AB It is critical in operational environments to identify individuals who are at higher risk of psychomotor performance impairments. This study assesses the utility of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale for predicting degraded psychomotor vigilance performance in an operational environment. Active duty crewmembers of a USA Navy destroyer (N=69, age 21-54years) completed the Epworth Sleepiness Scale at the beginning of the data collection period. Participants wore actigraphs and completed sleep diaries for 11days. Psychomotor vigilance tests were administered throughout the data collection period using a 3-min version of the psychomotor vigilance test on the actigraphs. Crewmembers with elevated scores on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (i.e. Epworth Sleepiness Scale >10) had 60% slower reaction times on average, and experienced at least 60% more lapses and false starts compared with individuals with normal Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores (i.e. Epworth Sleepiness Scale 10). Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores were correlated with daily time in bed (P<0.01), sleep (P<0.05), mean reaction time (P<0.001), response speed 1/reaction time (P<0.05), slowest 10% of response speed (P<0.001), lapses (P<0.01), and the sum of lapses and false starts (P<0.001). In this chronically sleep-deprived population, elevated Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores identified that subset of the population who experienced degraded psychomotor vigilance performance. We theorize that Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores are an indication of personal sleep debt that varies depending on one's individual sleep requirement. In the absence of direct performance metrics, we also advocate that the Epworth Sleepiness Scale can be used to determine the prevalence of excessive sleepiness (and thereby assess the risk of performance decrements). C1 [Shattuck, Nita Lewis; Matsangas, Panagiotis] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Shattuck, NL (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, 1411 Cunningham Dr, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM nlshattu@nps.edu FU Bureau of Navy; Twenty-First Century Sailor Office; Office of Naval Personnel FX The authors would like to acknowledge Dr Lauren Waggoner and LT Roger Young, part of the team that participated in the data collection aboard the USS JASON DUNHAM. The authors also acknowledge the funding support of the Bureau of Navy, the Twenty-First Century Sailor Office, and the Office of Naval Personnel. Finally, most sincere thanks go to CDR David Bretz and CDR Michael Meredith, the commanding officers of the USS JASON DUNHAM, and her crew-members who kindly consented to participate in this study despite their considerable workload and fatigue levels. Each day, you stand in harm's way to protect our nation and make our world safer. Thank you all. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1105 EI 1365-2869 J9 J SLEEP RES JI J. Sleep Res. PD APR PY 2015 VL 24 IS 2 BP 174 EP 180 DI 10.1111/jsr.12243 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA CD0MF UT WOS:000350767000008 PM 25273376 ER PT J AU Bansal, NP Choi, SR AF Bansal, Narottam P. Choi, Sung R. TI Properties of CMAS glass from desert sand SO CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE CMAS; Mechanical properties; Thermal properties; Crystallization; Viscosity ID CALCIUM-MAGNESIUM-ALUMINOSILICATE; THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS; CRYSTAL-GROWTH KINETICS; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; SEAL GLASS; CRYSTALLIZATION KINETICS; TEMPERATURE; COMPOSITES; MECHANISMS; CERAMICS AB X-ray diffraction analysis of as-received desert sand from a Middle East country showed the presence of quartz (SiO2), calcite (CaCO3), gypsum (CaSO4.2H(2)O), NaAlSi3O8, Mg-2(Al3.9Si5.1O18) and Mg3Al2(SiO4)(3) phases. A batch of as-received desert sand was melted into calcium magnesium aluminosilicate (CMAS) glass at similar to 1500 degrees C. From inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry, chemical composition of the CMAS glass was analyzed to be 27.8CaO-4MgO-5Al(2)O(3)-61.6SiO(2)-0.6Fe(2)O(3)-1K(2)O (mole %). Various physical, thermal, and mechanical properties of the glass have been evaluated. Bulk density of CMAS glass was 2.69 g/cm(3), Young's modulus 92 GPa, Shear modulus 36 GPa, Poisson's ratio 0.28, dilatometric glass transition temperature (;) 706 degrees C, softening point (T-d) 764 degrees C, Vickers microhardness 6.3 +/- 0.4 GPa, indentation fracture toughness 0.75 +/- 0.15 MPa.m(1/2), and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) 9.8 x 10(-6)/degrees C in the temperature range 25 to 700 degrees C. Temperature dependence of viscosity has also been estimated from various reference points of the CMAS glass using the Vogel-FulcherTamman (VFT) equation as well as from the glass composition. The glass remained amorphous after heat treating at 850 degrees C for 10 h but crystallized into CaSiO3 and Ca2Mg0.5AlSi1.5O7 phases at 900 degrees C or higher temperatures. Crystallization kinetics of the CMAS glass has also been investigated by differential thermal analysis (DTA). Published by Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. C1 [Bansal, Narottam P.] NASA, Mat & Struct Div, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. [Choi, Sung R.] Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Bansal, NP (reprint author), NASA, Mat & Struct Div, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. EM narottam.p.bansal@nasa.gov FU NASA's Aeronautical Sciences Project; NAVAIR [SAA3-1260] FX Desert sand was supplied by NAVAIR Thanks are due to Dr. Paul Angel, Dr. Richard Rogers, Dr. Valerie Wiesner, Doug Doza, Ralph Pawlik, Derek Johnson, Bob Angus, and Ray Babuder for technical assistance during this work. This research was supported by NASA's Aeronautical Sciences Project as well as by NAVAIR through a space act agreement (SAA3-1260). NR 27 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0272-8842 EI 1873-3956 J9 CERAM INT JI Ceram. Int. PD APR PY 2015 VL 41 IS 3 BP 3901 EP 3909 DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.11.072 PN A PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA CC2QE UT WOS:000350188900074 ER PT J AU Warren, TC Troy, KK AF Warren, T. Camber Troy, Kevin K. TI Explaining Violent Intra-Ethnic Conflict: Group Fragmentation in the Shadow of State Power SO JOURNAL OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION LA English DT Review DE political violence; ethnic conflict; group size ID CIVIL-WAR ONSET; GROUP-SIZE; HUMAN-RIGHTS; POLARIZATION; COOPERATION; REBEL; FRACTIONALIZATION; DEFECTION; COMMUNITY; DEMOCRACY AB Despite significant advances in the disaggregation of the study of civil conflict and intra-ethnic violence, intra-ethnic violence remains understudied. In this article, we present the first systematic, cross-national analysis of the conditions that promote violent, fragmentary conflict within politically active ethnic minorities. We propose a model of intra-ethnic conflict in which collective violence is produced by the interaction between subgroup entrepreneurs and the suppressive actions of the state. This two-level model predicts a curvilinear relationship between the relative size of an ethnic minority and its probability of experiencing large-scale intra-ethnic conflict. Additional hypotheses based on the proposed causal mechanism are also posited. These hypotheses are tested with data drawn from a global sample of politically active ethnic minorities, for the period 1990 through 2006, using a combination of parametric and semi-parametric regression techniques. The results strongly confirm the predicted curvilinear relationship while also demonstrating that the specific shape of this relationship shifts in predictable ways under varying social and political contexts. C1 [Warren, T. Camber] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA USA. RP Warren, TC (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Ctr Int & Comparat Studies CIS, Int Conflict Res Seilergraben 49, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. EM camberw@gmail.com FU Niehaus Center for Globalization and Governance at Princeton University; Center for "Coping with Crises in Complex Socio-Economic Systems" at ETH Zurich FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Portions of this research were funded by support from the Niehaus Center for Globalization and Governance at Princeton University, and the Center for "Coping with Crises in Complex Socio-Economic Systems" at ETH Zurich. Replication data and code are available at: www.camberwarren.net. NR 101 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 23 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0022-0027 EI 1552-8766 J9 J CONFLICT RESOLUT JI J. Confl. Resolut. PD APR PY 2015 VL 59 IS 3 BP 484 EP 509 DI 10.1177/0022002713515400 PG 26 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA CC6PV UT WOS:000350489200005 ER PT J AU Miller, SP Dunlap, BI Fleischer, AS AF Miller, Steven P. Dunlap, Brett I. Fleischer, Amy S. TI Dopant Clustering and Correlated Oxygen Migration in Conditionally Stabilized Zirconia Electrolytes SO JOURNAL OF FUEL CELL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; IONIC-CONDUCTIVITY; FUEL-CELLS; YTTRIA; SCANDIA; DIFFUSION; SYSTEM; MICROSTRUCTURE; DEGRADATION AB Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of yttria/scandia-stabilized zirconia (SSZ) with variably distributed Y/Sc dopant ions shows that energy is minimized when the dopants are uniformly spread apart, provided that the lattice maintains cubic fluorite symmetry. In contrast, highly clustered dopants are found to destabilize the cubic phase due to the presence of large regions of dopant-free zirconia. Computed oxygen diffusion coefficients and conductivity values consistently show that the Haven ratio is always less than one, indicating that correlation effects influence the motion of oxygen ions and vacancies. In addition, it is seen that the conductivity of crystals with noncubic symmetry is markedly anisotropic. C1 [Miller, Steven P.] Naval Ship Syst Engn Stn, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA. [Dunlap, Brett I.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fleischer, Amy S.] Villanova Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. RP Miller, SP (reprint author), Naval Ship Syst Engn Stn, 5001 South Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA. EM steven.p.miller3@navy.mil; brett.dunlap@nrl.navy.mil; amy.fleischer@villanova.edu OI Dunlap, Brett/0000-0003-1356-6559 FU Office of Naval Research; SMART Scholarship FX This work was funded directly and indirectly by the Office of Naval Research, including the SMART Scholarship program and computer time provided by the DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program, particularly on the Iceberg server at the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, DC (NRL). NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 12 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1550-624X EI 1551-6989 J9 J FUEL CELL SCI TECH JI J. Fuel Cell Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 12 IS 2 AR 021003 DI 10.1115/1.4029082 PG 6 GA CC6RR UT WOS:000350495700003 ER PT J AU Blair, SR Kwon, YW AF Blair, S. R. Kwon, Y. W. TI Modeling of Fluid-Structure Interaction Using Lattice Boltzmann and Finite Element Methods SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID IMMERSED-BOUNDARY METHOD; FLOWS; EQUATION AB The use of lattice Boltzmann methods (LBMs) for fluid flow and its coupling with finite element method (FEM) structural models for fluid-structure interaction (FSI) are investigated. FSI modeling methodology and example applications are presented for single-component flows. Furthermore, multicomponent LBM fluid models are also studied with structural dynamics solvers for 2D FSI simulations. To enhance modeling capability for domains with complex surfaces, a novel coupling method is introduced that allows use of both classical LBM (CLBM) and a finite element LBM (FELBM) to be combined into a hybrid LBM (HLBM) that exploits the flexibility of FELBM while retaining the efficiency of CLBM. C1 [Blair, S. R.] US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Kwon, Y. W.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Blair, SR (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM sblair@usna.edu NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 15 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-9930 EI 1528-8978 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD APR PY 2015 VL 137 IS 2 AR 021302 DI 10.1115/1.4027866 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA CC6FM UT WOS:000350460400010 ER PT J AU Wilcox, LC Stadler, G Bui-Thanh, T Ghattas, O AF Wilcox, Lucas C. Stadler, Georg Bui-Thanh, Tan Ghattas, Omar TI Discretely Exact Derivatives for Hyperbolic PDE-Constrained Optimization Problems Discretized by the Discontinuous Galerkin Method SO JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Discontinuous Galerkin; PDE-constrained optimization; Discrete adjoints; Elastic wave equation; Maxwell's equations ID EXACT BOUNDARY CONTROLLABILITY; PSEUDOSPECTRAL PENALTY SCHEME; RUNGE-KUTTA METHODS; MAXWELLS EQUATIONS; ADJOINT APPROXIMATIONS; WAVE-PROPAGATION; ELEMENT METHODS; DIFFERENTIATION; CONVERGENCE; CONSISTENCY AB This paper discusses the computation of derivatives for optimization problems governed by linear hyperbolic systems of partial differential equations (PDEs) that are discretized by the discontinuous Galerkin (dG) method. An efficient and accurate computation of these derivatives is important, for instance, in inverse problems and optimal control problems. This computation is usually based on an adjoint PDE system, and the question addressed in this paper is how the discretization of this adjoint system should relate to the dG discretization of the hyperbolic state equation. Adjoint-based derivatives can either be computed before or after discretization; these two options are often referred to as the optimize-then-discretize and discretize-then-optimize approaches. We discuss the relation between these two options for dG discretizations in space and Runge-Kutta time integration. The influence of different dG formulations and of numerical quadrature is discussed. Discretely exact discretizations for several hyperbolic optimization problems are derived, including the advection equation, Maxwell's equations and the coupled elastic-acoustic wave equation. We find that the discrete adjoint equation inherits a natural dG discretization from the discretization of the state equation and that the expressions for the discretely exact gradient often have to take into account contributions from element faces. For the coupled elastic-acoustic wave equation, the correctness and accuracy of our derivative expressions are illustrated by comparisons with finite difference gradients. The results show that a straightforward discretization of the continuous gradient differs from the discretely exact gradient, and thus is not consistent with the discretized objective. This inconsistency may cause difficulties in the convergence of gradient based algorithms for solving optimization problems. C1 [Wilcox, Lucas C.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Stadler, Georg; Bui-Thanh, Tan; Ghattas, Omar] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Computat Engn & Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bui-Thanh, Tan] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Aerosp Engn & Engn Mech, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ghattas, Omar] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ghattas, Omar] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Wilcox, LC (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM lwilcox@nps.edu FU U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) [CMMI-1028889]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research's Computational Mathematics program [FA9550-12-1-0484]; Mathematical Multifaceted Integrated Capability Centers (MMICCs) effort within the Applied Mathematics activity of the U.S. Department of Energy's Advanced Scientific Computing Research program [DE-SC0009286] FX We would like to thank Jeremy Kozdon and Gregor Gassner for fruitful discussions and helpful comments, and Carsten Burstedde for his help with the implementation of the numerical example presented in Sect. 4. Support for this work was provided through the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) grant CMMI-1028889, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research's Computational Mathematics program under the grant FA9550-12-1-0484, and through the Mathematical Multifaceted Integrated Capability Centers (MMICCs) effort within the Applied Mathematics activity of the U.S. Department of Energy's Advanced Scientific Computing Research program, under Award Number DE-SC0009286. The views expressed in this document are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0885-7474 EI 1573-7691 J9 J SCI COMPUT JI J. Sci. Comput. PD APR PY 2015 VL 63 IS 1 BP 138 EP 162 DI 10.1007/s10915-014-9890-5 PG 25 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA CC3DL UT WOS:000350225000006 ER PT J AU Sribanditmongkol, V Neal, JL Patrick, TE Szalacha, LA McCarthy, DO AF Sribanditmongkol, Vorachai Neal, Jeremy L. Patrick, Thelma E. Szalacha, Laura A. McCarthy, Donna O. TI Effect of Perceived Stress on Cytokine Production in Healthy College Students SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF NURSING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE stress; cytokines; influenza; glucocorticoid sensitivity ID INFLUENZA VACCINATION; PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; UNITED-STATES; INFLAMMATION; SENSITIVITY; RESISTANCE; WOMEN; RISK AB Chronic psychological stress impairs antibody synthesis following influenza vaccination. Chronic stress also increases circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines and glucocorticoids in elders and caregivers, which can impair antibody synthesis. The purpose of this study was to determine whether psychological stress increases ex vivo cytokine production or decreases glucocorticoid sensitivity (GCS) of peripheral blood leukocytes from healthy college students. A convenience sample of Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) students completed the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Whole blood was incubated in the presence of influenza vaccine and dexamethasone to evaluate production of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1-beta (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-), and interferon-gamma (IFN-). Multiple regression models controlling for age, gender, and grade point average revealed a negative relationship between PSS and GCS for vaccine-stimulated production of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-. These data increase our understanding of the complex relationship between chronic stress and immune function. C1 [Sribanditmongkol, Vorachai] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Neal, Jeremy L.; Patrick, Thelma E.; Szalacha, Laura A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [McCarthy, Donna O.] Marquette Univ, Milwaukee, WI 53233 USA. RP Sribanditmongkol, V (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Nursing Res, 620 John Paul Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM Vorachai.Sribanditmongkol@med.navy.mil FU Ohio State University College of Nursing Mildred E. Newton Endowment Fund; Sigma Theta Tau International (Epsilon Chapter) Research Grant Award FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by The Ohio State University College of Nursing Mildred E. Newton Endowment Fund (D.O.M.) and the Sigma Theta Tau International (Epsilon Chapter) Research Grant Award. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 12 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0193-9459 EI 1552-8456 J9 WESTERN J NURS RES JI West. J. Nurs. Res. PD APR PY 2015 VL 37 IS 4 BP 481 EP 493 DI 10.1177/0193945914545658 PG 13 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA CC6NX UT WOS:000350483300005 PM 25125502 ER PT J AU Sribanditmongkol, CDRV AF Sribanditmongkol, C. D. R. Vorachai TI Author Response to Letter to the Editor: Effect of Perceived Stress on Cytokine Production in Healthy College Students SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF NURSING RESEARCH LA English DT Letter ID DEPRESSION; MECHANISMS; SCALE C1 Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Sribanditmongkol, CDRV (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0193-9459 EI 1552-8456 J9 WESTERN J NURS RES JI West. J. Nurs. Res. PD APR PY 2015 VL 37 IS 4 BP 495 EP 497 DI 10.1177/0193945914561500 PG 3 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA CC6NX UT WOS:000350483300007 ER PT J AU Chen, SZ Tian, YL AF Chen, Shizhi Tian, YingLi TI Pyramid of Spatial Relatons for Scene-Level Land Use Classification SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Bag of words (BOW); geographical image classification; land use classification; pyramid of spatial relatons (PSR); spatial pyramid matching (SPM) ID IMAGE CLASSIFICATION; URBAN-AREA; FEATURES; SIFT; CATEGORIES; RETRIEVAL; KEYPOINTS; POINTS AB Local feature with bag-of-words (BOW) representation has become one of the most popular approaches in object classification and image retrieval applications in the computer vision community. The recent efforts in the remote sensing community have demonstrated that the BOW approach can also effectively apply to geographic images for the applications of classification and retrieval. However, the BOW representation discards spatial information, which is critical for the remotely sensed land use classification. Several algorithms have incorporated spatial information into the BOWrepresentation by hard encoding coordinates of local features. Such rigid spatial encoding is not robust to translation and rotation variations, which are common characteristics of geographic images. To effectively incorporate spatial information into the BOW model for the land use classification, we propose a pyramid-of-spatial-relatons (PSR) model to capture both absolute and relative spatial relationships of local features. Unlike the conventional cooccurrence approach to describe pairwise spatial relationships between local features, the PSR model employs a novel concept of spatial relation to describe relative spatial relationship of a group of local features. As the result, the storage cost of the PSR model only linearly increases with the visual word codebook size instead of the quadratic relationship as in the cooccurrence approach. The PSR model is robust to translation and rotation variations and demonstrates excellent performance for the application of remotely sensed land use classification. On the Land Use and Land Cover image database, the PSR achieves 8% higher in the classification accuracy than the state of the art. If using only gray images, it outperforms the state of the art by more than 11%. C1 [Chen, Shizhi; Tian, YingLi] CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Tian, YingLi] CUNY, Grad Ctr, New York, NY 10031 USA. RP Chen, SZ (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM shizhi.chen@navy.mil; ytian@ccny.cuny.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N000141310450]; Army Research Office [W911NF-09-1-0565] FX This work was supported in part by Office of Naval Research under Grant N000141310450 and in part by Army Research Office under Grant W911NF-09-1-0565. NR 46 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 71 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 EI 1558-0644 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD APR PY 2015 VL 53 IS 4 BP 1947 EP 1957 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2014.2351395 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AR9NQ UT WOS:000343902300023 ER PT J AU Choate, EP Zhou, H AF Choate, Eric P. Zhou, Hong TI OPTIMIZATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE PROPAGATION THROUGH A LIQUID CRYSTAL LAYER SO DISCRETE AND CONTINUOUS DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS-SERIES S LA English DT Article DE Electromagnetic wave; liquid crystal layer; anchoring conditions ID TIME-DOMAIN METHOD; LIGHT-PROPAGATION; ANISOTROPIC MEDIA; BEAM-PROPAGATION; DEVICES; OPTICS AB We study the propagation of electromagnetic plane waves through a liquid crystal layer paying particular attention to the problem of optimizing the transmitted intensity. The controllable anisotropy of a liquid crystal layer, either through anchoring conditions on supporting glass plates sandwiching the layer or by the imposition of an external electromagnetic field, allows us to tune the orientation of the layer to maximize or minimize the transmitted intensity of a given wavelength through the layer. For a homogeneous liquid crystal orientation field, we find analytical formulas for the orientation that maximizes the transmission and discuss the circumstances under which we can make the layer effectively transparent for a given wavelength and the possibility of multiple maximizing orientations. The minimizing orientation is unique for a given wavelength, and we can define its value implicitly. C1 [Choate, Eric P.; Zhou, Hong] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Choate, EP (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM echoate@nps.edu; hzhou@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by a grant from the Office of Naval Research. It was also conducted while the author Eric P. Choate held a National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associateship at the Department of Applied Mathematics at the Naval Postgraduate School. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER INST MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES PI SPRINGFIELD PA PO BOX 2604, SPRINGFIELD, MO 65801-2604 USA SN 1937-1632 EI 1937-1179 J9 DISCRETE CONT DYN-S JI Discret. Contin. Dyn. Syst.-Ser. S PD APR PY 2015 VL 8 IS 2 BP 303 EP 312 DI 10.3934/dcdss.2015.8.303 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA AQ8RM UT WOS:000343098800005 ER PT J AU Moore, EZ Murphy, KD Rey, EG Nichols, JM AF Moore, Edward Z. Murphy, Kevin D. Rey, Elizabeth G. Nichols, Jonathan M. TI Modeling and identification of uniform corrosion damage on a thin plate using a Bayesian framework SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article ID CRACKED PLATE; WAVE; VIBRATIONS; BEAM AB Corrosion remains one of the primary mechanisms of structural degradation facing the civil and commercial infrastructure. In this study we consider the problem of estimating the degree of corrosion in a plate structure using only the structure's vibrational response to impact excitation. Specifically, a thin aluminum plate was twice placed in an accelerated corrosion environment resulting in varying levels of corrosion damage. At each damage level, the impulse response at three different locations was simultaneously measured with resistive strain gauges. From this data, a Ritz model with Timoshenko beam basis functions was used in a Bayesian framework to estimate the average plate thickness. The approach is first illustrated on a numerical model of the plate, and then applied to the experimental structural response. While the approach is able to accurately estimate the thickness of the "healthy" plate, the quality of the estimates degrades as the corrosion begins to alter the thickness in localized regions of the plate. This is reflected in the thickness estimates which show increasing variance with the degree of corrosion. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Moore, Edward Z.] Cent Connecticut State Univ, Dept Engn, New Britain, CT 06050 USA. [Murphy, Kevin D.] Univ Louisville, Dept Mech Engn, Louisville, KY 40230 USA. [Rey, Elizabeth G.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Mech Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Nichols, Jonathan M.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Moore, EZ (reprint author), Cent Connecticut State Univ, Dept Engn, New Britain, CT 06050 USA. EM ned.moore@ccsu.edu OI Rey, Elizabeth/0000-0003-1445-9982 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X EI 1095-8568 J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD MAR 31 PY 2015 VL 340 BP 112 EP 125 DI 10.1016/j.jsv.2014.11.013 PG 14 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA AZ1ZI UT WOS:000348033500007 ER PT J AU Huba, JD Wu, TW Makela, JJ AF Huba, J. D. Wu, T-W. Makela, J. J. TI Electrostatic reconnection in the ionosphere SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE equatorial ionosphere; equatorial spread F; equatorial plasma bubbles; equatorial dynamics; electrostatic reconnection ID EQUATORIAL SPREAD-F AB Postsunset equatorial plasma bubble merging is examined using the National Research Laboratory code SAMI3/equatorial spread F. It is found that bubbles merge through an electrostatic reconnection process. As multiple bubbles develop, the electrostatic potential associated with one bubble can connect with that of a neighboring bubble: this provides a pathway for the low-density plasma in one bubble to flow into the adjoining bubble and merge with it. Additionally, high-speed plasma channels (approximately greater than hundreds of meters per second) can develop during the merging process. Optical data is presented of equatorial plasma bubble evolution that suggests bubble merging occurs in the nighttime equatorial ionosphere. C1 [Huba, J. D.; Wu, T-W.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Makela, J. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL USA. RP Huba, JD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM huba@nrl.navy.mil FU LWS NASA grant; NRL Base Funds; Office of Naval Research [N00014-13-1-0350] FX One of us (J.D.H.) thanks Dave Hysell for helpful discussions. The research of J.D.H. and T.W.W. has been supported by an LWS NASA grant and NRL Base Funds. Work at the University of Illinois was support by the Office of Naval Research through grant N00014-13-1-0350. We thank Dominique Reymond and colleagues at the Laboratories de Geophysique in Tahiti for supporting the deployment of the PICASSO imaging system. Modeling data are available from J.D.H. and optical data from J.J.M. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAR 28 PY 2015 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1626 EP 1631 DI 10.1002/2015GL063187 PG 6 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CG3HJ UT WOS:000353170000002 ER PT J AU Collins, CO Rogers, WE Marchenko, A Babanin, AV AF Collins, Clarence O., III Rogers, W. Erick Marchenko, Aleksey Babanin, Alexander V. TI In situ measurements of an energetic wave event in the Arctic marginal ice zone SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE wave-ice interaction; spectral wave model; wind waves; Arctic; swell; sea ice ID SEA-ICE; OCEAN WAVES; PROPAGATION; MODEL; COVER; WATER; FIELDS; PACK; BUOY; EDGE AB R/V Lance serendipitously encountered an energetic wave event around 77 degrees N, 26 degrees E on 2 May 2010. Onboard GPS records, interpreted as the surface wave signal, show the largest waves recorded in the Arctic region with ice cover. Comparing the measurements with a spectral wave model indicated three phases of interaction: (1) wave blocking by ice, (2) strong attenuation of wave energy and fracturing of ice by wave forcing, and (3) uninhibited propagation of the peak waves and an extension of allowed waves to higher frequencies (above the peak). Wave properties during fracturing of ice cover indicated increased groupiness. Wave-ice interaction presented binary behavior: there was zero transmission in unbroken ice and total transmission in fractured ice. The fractured ice front traveled at some fraction of the wave group speed. Findings do not motivate new dissipation schemes for wave models, though they do indicate the need for two-way, wave-ice coupling. C1 [Collins, Clarence O., III] Naval Res Lab, Hancock Cty, MS 39529 USA. [Rogers, W. Erick] Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Hancock Cty, MS USA. [Marchenko, Aleksey] Univ Ctr Svalbard, Dept Arctic Technol, Longyearbyen, Norway. [Babanin, Alexander V.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Ocean Engn Sci & Technol, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. RP Collins, CO (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Hancock Cty, MS 39529 USA. EM Tripphysicist@gmail.com RI Collins, Clarence/P-7384-2015; OI Collins, Clarence/0000-0003-4553-616X; Babanin, Alexander/0000-0002-8595-8204 FU ASEE postdoctoral fellowship at NRL-SSC; ONR [N0001413WX20825, N000141310278] FX Many thanks to the captain and crew of the R/V Lance. Travis Smith helped with understanding the synoptic weather conditions. Ben Holt (NASA JPL) generously provided that satellite imagery used in Figure 1a and Figure S4 in the supporting information. We acknowledge the input from two anonymous reviewers whose comments increased quality and clarity of the manuscript. C.O.C. is supported by an ASEE postdoctoral fellowship at NRL-SSC. The support of ONR grants N0001413WX20825 and N000141310278 is acknowledged by W.E.R. and A.V.B., respectively. Raw shipborne data used in this study may be obtained by contacting coauthor A.M. by email: Aleksey.Marchenko@unis.no. The processed data used in the figures can be obtained by contacting the first author. Several open source MATLAB toolboxes were used during analysis and plotting including WAFO, MACE, j_lab, and M_Map. NR 44 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAR 28 PY 2015 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1863 EP 1870 DI 10.1002/2015GL063063 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CG3HJ UT WOS:000353170000032 ER PT J AU Sorooshian, A Prabhakar, G Jonsson, H Woods, RK Flagan, RC Seinfeld, JH AF Sorooshian, Armin Prabhakar, Gouri Jonsson, Haflidi Woods, Roy K. Flagan, Richard C. Seinfeld, John H. TI On the presence of giant particles downwind of ships in the marine boundary layer SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE giant CCN; shipping; marine boundary layer; stratocumulus; sea salt; aerosol ID 2011 E-PEACE; CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI; SEA-SALT AEROSOLS; STRATOCUMULUS CLOUDS; EMISSIONS; IMPACT; OCEAN; PRECIPITATION; ATMOSPHERE; CALIFORNIA AB This study examines large oceangoing ships as a source of giant cloud condensation nuclei (D-p>2 mu m) due to wake and stack emissions off the California coast. Observed particle number concentrations behind 10 ships exceeded those in control areas, exhibiting number concentration enhancement ratios (ERs) for minimum threshold diameters of similar to 2, similar to 10, and similar to 20 mu m as high as 2.7, 5.5, and 7.5, respectively. ER decreases with increasing downwind distance and altitude. ER becomes better correlated with ship size variables (gross tonnage, length, and beam) as the minimum size threshold increases from 2 to 20 mu m, whereas ship speed has a less distinct relationship with ER. One case study of a container ship shows that there are higher concentrations of sea-salt tracer species behind it relative to adjacent control areas. These results have implications for cloud properties and precipitation in marine boundary layers exposed to ship traffic. C1 [Sorooshian, Armin] Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Sorooshian, Armin; Prabhakar, Gouri] Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ USA. [Jonsson, Haflidi; Woods, Roy K.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Flagan, Richard C.; Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Dept Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Sorooshian, A (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM armin@email.arizona.edu OI Sorooshian, Armin/0000-0002-2243-2264 FU ONR [N00014-11-1-0783, N00014-10-1-0200, N00014-04-1-0118, N00014-10-1-0811]; NSF [AGS-1008848] FX All data used can be obtained from the corresponding author. This work was funded by ONR grants N00014-11-1-0783, N00014-10-1-0200, N00014-04-1-0118, and N00014-10-1-0811 and NSF grant AGS-1008848. Zhen Wang is acknowledged for her assistance with ship and satellite data. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAR 28 PY 2015 VL 42 IS 6 BP 2024 EP 2030 DI 10.1002/2015GL063179 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CG3HJ UT WOS:000353170000052 ER PT J AU Alidoust, M Halterman, K AF Alidoust, Mohammad Halterman, Klaus TI Proximity induced vortices and long-range triplet supercurrents in ferromagnetic Josephson junctions and spin valves SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EXCHANGE FIELD; SUPERCONDUCTOR; HETEROSTRUCTURES; MAGNETORESISTANCE; MAGNETIZATION; SPINTRONICS; INTERLAYER; STATE AB Using a spin-parameterized quasiclassical Keldysh-Usadel technique, we theoretically study supercurrent transport in several types of diffusive ferromagnetic (F)/superconducting (S) configurations with differing magnetization textures. We separate out the even-and odd-frequency components of the supercurrent within the low proximity limit and identify the relative contributions from the singlet and triplet channels. We first consider inhomogeneous one-dimensional Josephson structures consisting of a uniform bilayer magnetic S/F/F/S structure and a trilayer S/F/F/F/S configuration, in which case the outer F layers can have either a uniform or conical texture relative to the central uniform F layer. Our results demonstrate that for supercurrents flowing perpendicular to the F/F interfaces, incorporating a conical texture yields the most effective way to observe the signatures of long-ranged spin-triplet supercurrents. We also consider three different types of finite-sized two-dimensional magnetic structures subjected to an applied magnetic field normal to the junction plane: a S/F/S junction with uniform magnetization texture and two S/F/F/S configurations with differing F/F bilayer arrangements. In one case, the F/F interface is parallel with the S/F junction interfaces while in the other case, the F/F junction is oriented perpendicular to the S/F interfaces. We then discuss the proximity vortices and corresponding spatial maps of currents inside the junctions. For the uniform S/F/S junction, we analytically calculate the magnetic field induced supercurrent and pair potential in both the narrow and wide junction regimes, thus providing insight into the variations in the Fraunhofer diffraction patterns and proximity vortices when transitioning from a wide junction to a narrow one. Our extensive computations demonstrate that the induced long-range spin-triplet supercurrents can deeply penetrate uniform F/F bilayers when spin-singlet supercurrents flow parallel to the F/F interfaces. This is in stark contrast to configurations where a spin-singlet supercurrent flows perpendicular to the F/F interfaces. We pinpoint the origin of the induced triplet and singlet correlations through spatial profiles of the decomposed total supercurrents. We find that the penetration of the long-range spin-triplet supercurrents associated with supercurrents flowing parallel to the F/F interfaces is more pronounced when the thicknesses of the F strips are unequal. Finally, if one of the S terminals is replaced with a finite-sized normal metal, we demonstrate that the corresponding experimentally accessible S/F/F/N spin valve presents an effective platform in which the predicted long-range effects can be effectively generated and probed. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Alidoust, Mohammad] Univ Basel, Dept Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. [Alidoust, Mohammad] Univ Isfahan, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Esfahan 8174673441, Iran. [Halterman, Klaus] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Michelson Lab, Div Phys, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Alidoust, M (reprint author), Univ Basel, Dept Phys, Klingelbergstr 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. EM phymalidoust@gmail.com; klaus.halterman@navy.mil OI Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134; Alidoust, Mohammad/0000-0002-1554-687X FU ONR FX We would like to thank G. Sewell for his valuable instructions in the numerical parts of this work. We also appreciate N. O. Birge and F. S. Bergeret for useful discussions and comments. K.H. was supported in part by ONR and by a grant of supercomputer resources provided by the DOD HPCMP. NR 101 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR 28 PY 2015 VL 117 IS 12 AR 123906 DI 10.1063/1.4908287 PG 24 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CF1OJ UT WOS:000352315700012 ER PT J AU Matic, P Geltmacher, A Rath, B AF Matic, Peter Geltmacher, Andrew Rath, Bhakta TI Computational aspects of steel fracturing pertinent to naval requirements SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE ductile fracture; large strain plasticity; computational modelling; fracture toughness; microvoids; image-based modelling ID DUCTILE FRACTURE; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; HY-100 STEEL; CRACK-GROWTH; WELD DEFECT; DEFORMATION; TOUGHNESS; PERFORMANCE; NUCLEATION; PREDICTION AB Modern high strength and ductile steels are a key element of US Navy ship structural technology. The development of these alloys spurred the development of modern structural integrity analysis methods over the past 70 years. Strength and ductility provided the designers and builders of navy surface ships and submarines with the opportunity to reduce ship structural weight, increase hull stiffness, increase damage resistance, improve construction practices and reduce maintenance costs. This paper reviews how analytical and computational tools, driving simulation methods and experimental techniques, were developed to provide ongoing insights into the material, damage and fracture characteristics of these alloys. The need to understand alloy fracture mechanics provided unique motivations to measure and model performance from structural to microstructural scales. This was done while accounting for the highly nonlinear behaviours of both materials and underlying fracture processes. Theoretical methods, data acquisition strategies, computational simulation and scientific imaging were applied to increasingly smaller scales and complex materials phenomena under deformation. Knowledge gained about fracture resistance was used to meet minimum fracture initiation, crack growth and crack arrest characteristics as part of overall structural integrity considerations. C1 [Matic, Peter] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div Code 6300, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Geltmacher, Andrew] Naval Res Lab, Imaging & Simulat Sect Code 6352, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rath, Bhakta] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Component Technol Directorate Code 6000, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Matic, P (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div Code 6300, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM peter.matic@nrl.navy.mil NR 59 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X EI 1471-2962 J9 PHILOS T R SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD MAR 28 PY 2015 VL 373 IS 2038 AR 20140127 DI 10.1098/rsta.2014.0127 PG 22 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CD1IN UT WOS:000350828400007 ER PT J AU Apel, EC Hornbrook, RS Hills, AJ Blake, NJ Barth, MC Weinheimer, A Cantrell, C Rutledge, SA Basarab, B Crawford, J Diskin, G Homeyer, CR Campos, T Flocke, F Fried, A Blake, DR Brune, W Pollack, I Peischl, J Ryerson, T Wennberg, PO Crounse, JD Wisthaler, A Mikoviny, T Huey, G Heikes, B O'Sullivan, D Riemer, DD AF Apel, E. C. Hornbrook, R. S. Hills, A. J. Blake, N. J. Barth, M. C. Weinheimer, A. Cantrell, C. Rutledge, S. A. Basarab, B. Crawford, J. Diskin, G. Homeyer, C. R. Campos, T. Flocke, F. Fried, A. Blake, D. R. Brune, W. Pollack, I. Peischl, J. Ryerson, T. Wennberg, P. O. Crounse, J. D. Wisthaler, A. Mikoviny, T. Huey, G. Heikes, B. O'Sullivan, D. Riemer, D. D. TI Upper tropospheric ozone production from lightning NOx-impacted convection: Smoke ingestion case study from the DC3 campaign SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE storm convective outflow; biomass burning emission ratios; acrolein; hydrogen cyanide (HCN); acetonitrile (CH3CN); deep convective cloud and chemistry experiment (DC3) ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; MEXICO-CITY; CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; DEEP CONVECTION; FIRE EMISSIONS; TRACE GASES; FOREST-FIRE; LOWER STRATOSPHERE; HIGH-SENSITIVITY; AIR-POLLUTANTS AB As part of the Deep Convective Cloud and Chemistry (DC3) experiment, the National Science Foundation/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Gulfstream-V (GV) and NASA DC-8 research aircraft probed the chemical composition of the inflow and outflow of two convective storms (north storm, NS, south storm, SS) originating in the Colorado region on 22 June 2012, a time when the High Park wildfire was active in the area. A wide range of trace species were measured on board both aircraft including biomass burning (BB) tracers hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and acetonitrile (ACN). Acrolein, a much shorter lived tracer for BB, was also quantified on the GV. The data demonstrated that the NS had ingested fresh smoke from the High Park fire and as a consequence had a higher VOC OH reactivity than the SS. The SS lofted aged fire tracers along with other boundary layer ozone precursors and was more impacted by lightning NOx (LNOx) than the NS. The NCAR master mechanism box model was initialized with measurements made in the outflow of the two storms. The NS and SS were predicted to produce 11 and 14ppbv of O-3, respectively, downwind of the storm over 2days. Sensitivity tests revealed that the ozone production potential of the SS was highly dependent on LNOx. Normalized excess mixing ratios, X/CO, for HCN and ACN were determined in both the fire plume and the storm outflow and found to be 7.00.5 and 2.30.5pptvppbv(-1), respectively, and 1.40.3pptvppbv(-1) for acrolein in the outflow only. C1 [Apel, E. C.; Hornbrook, R. S.; Hills, A. J.; Barth, M. C.; Weinheimer, A.; Homeyer, C. R.; Campos, T.; Flocke, F.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Blake, N. J.; Blake, D. R.] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Phys Sci, Irvine, CA USA. [Cantrell, C.; Fried, A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Rutledge, S. A.; Basarab, B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Crawford, J.; Diskin, G.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Brune, W.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Pollack, I.; Peischl, J.; Ryerson, T.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Wennberg, P. O.; Crounse, J. D.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Wisthaler, A.; Mikoviny, T.] Univ Oslo, Dept Chem, Oslo, Norway. [Wisthaler, A.; Mikoviny, T.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ion Phys & Appl Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Huey, G.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Heikes, B.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [O'Sullivan, D.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Riemer, D. D.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. RP Apel, EC (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM apel@ucar.edu RI Peischl, Jeff/E-7454-2010; Homeyer, Cameron/D-5034-2013; Ryerson, Tom/C-9611-2009; Pollack, Ilana/F-9875-2012; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; Crounse, John/C-3700-2014; OI Peischl, Jeff/0000-0002-9320-7101; Homeyer, Cameron/0000-0002-4883-6670; Crounse, John/0000-0001-5443-729X; Hornbrook, Rebecca/0000-0002-6304-6554 FU National Science Foundation FX The data used in this paper are available from http://www-air.larc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/ArcView/dc3-seac4rs and http://catalog.eol.ucar.edu/dc3_2012/index.html. The NCAR MM can be downloaded from the NCAR community data portal (http://cdp.ucar.edu/). The authors thank the crew and support team of the NSF/NCAR GV aircraft and Christine Wiedinmyer, Jeff Stith, and Shawn Honomichl for their helpful comments and discussion. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in the publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. NR 88 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 70 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAR 27 PY 2015 VL 120 IS 6 BP 2505 EP 2523 DI 10.1002/2014JD022121 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CG1UZ UT WOS:000353061800022 ER PT J AU Radin, JM Hawksworth, AW Ortiguerra, RG Brice, GT AF Radin, Jennifer M. Hawksworth, Anthony W. Ortiguerra, Ryan G. Brice, Gary T. TI Seroprotective Antibodies to 2011 Variant Influenza A(H3N2v) and Seasonal Influenza A(H3N2) among Three Age Groups of US Department of Defense Service Members SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM IMMUNOGENICITY; UNITED-STATES; HUMAN INFECTIONS; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; H1N1 2009; VACCINE; VIRUS; ADULTS; EFFICACY; H3N2V AB Background In 2011, a new variant of influenza A(H3N2) emerged that contained a recombination of genes from swine H3N2 viruses and the matrix (M) gene of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus. New combinations and variants of pre-existing influenza viruses are worrisome if there is low or nonexistent immunity in a population, which increases chances for an outbreak or pandemic. Methods Sera collected in 2011 were obtained from US Department of Defense service members in three age groups: 19-21 years, 32-33 years, and 47-48 years. Pre- and post-vaccination samples were available for the youngest age group, and postvaccination samples for the two older groups. Specimens were tested using microneutralization assays for antibody titers against H3N2v (A/Indiana/10/2011) and seasonal H3N2 virus (A/Perth/16/2009). Results The youngest age group had significantly (p<0.05) higher geometric mean titers for H3N2v with 165 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 105-225) compared with the two older groups, aged 32-33 and 47-48 years, who had geometric mean titers of 68 (95% CI: 55-82) and 46 (95% CI: 24-65), respectively. Similarly, the youngest age group also had the highest geometric mean titers for seasonal H3N2. In the youngest age group, the proportion of patients who seroconverted after vaccination was 12% for H3N2v and 27% for seasonal H3N2. Discussion Our results were similar to previous studies that found highest seroprotection among young adults and decreasing titers among older adults. The proportion of 19- to 21-year-olds who seroconverted after seasonal vaccination was low and similar to previous findings. Improving our understanding of H3N2v immunity among different age groups in the United States can help inform vaccination plans if H3N2v becomes more transmissible in the future. C1 [Radin, Jennifer M.; Hawksworth, Anthony W.; Ortiguerra, Ryan G.; Brice, Gary T.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Operat Infect Dis Dept, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Radin, JM (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Operat Infect Dis Dept, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM jennifer.radin@med.navy.mil FU Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System under Work Unit [60805]; US Government FX Report number 14-29, supported by Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System under Work Unit No. 60805. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Dr. Jennifer Radin, Mr. Anthony Hawksworth, and Mr. Ryan Ortiguerra are employed by The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. and are funded to do this work by the US Government. CDR Gary Brice is a military service member. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the US Government. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. US Government Work (17 USC 105). Not copyrighted in the US. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (Protocol NHRC.2013.0025). NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 27 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 3 AR e0121037 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0121037 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CE8ZT UT WOS:000352133600061 PM 25816244 ER PT J AU Lindsay, L Broido, DA Carrete, J Mingo, N Reinecke, TL AF Lindsay, L. Broido, D. A. Carrete, Jesus Mingo, Natalio Reinecke, T. L. TI Anomalous pressure dependence of thermal conductivities of large mass ratio compounds SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSFORMATION; MAGNESIUM OXIDE; PHONONS; AMORPHIZATION; CRYSTALS; EQUATION; MGO AB The lattice thermal conductivities (kappa) of binary compound materials are examined as a function of hydrostatic pressure P using a first-principles approach. Compounds with relatively small mass ratios, such as MgO, show an increase in kappa with P, consistent with measurements. Conversely, compounds with large mass ratios that create significant frequency gaps between acoustic and optic phonons (e.g., BSb, BAs, BeTe, BeSe) exhibit decreasing. with increasing P, a behavior that cannot be understood using simple theories of kappa. This anomalous P dependence of kappa arises from the fundamentally different nature of the intrinsic scattering processes for heat-carrying acoustic phonons in large mass ratio compounds compared to those with small mass ratios. This work demonstrates the power of first-principles methods for thermal properties and advances a broad paradigm for understanding thermal transport in nonmetals. C1 [Lindsay, L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Broido, D. A.] Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. [Carrete, Jesus; Mingo, Natalio] CEA Grenoble, LITEN, F-38054 Grenoble 9, France. [Reinecke, T. L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lindsay, L (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Lindsay, Lucas/C-9221-2012; Carrete Montana, Jesus/G-9490-2012 OI Lindsay, Lucas/0000-0001-9645-7993; Carrete Montana, Jesus/0000-0003-0971-1098 FU National Science Foundation [1402949]; ONR [N00014-13-1-0234]; Institut Carnot through project SIEVE; DARPA; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division FX L.L. acknowledges support from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division for work done at ORNL. D.A.B. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1402949 and from ONR under Grant No. N00014-13-1-0234. N.M. and J.C. acknowledge support from Institut Carnot through project SIEVE. T.L.R. acknowledges support from ONR and DARPA. We thank David Cahill and Greg Hohensee for providing the impurity concentrations in their MgO sample. We also thank Saikat Mukhopadhyay and Derek Stewart for kindly providing us with their calculated anharmonic IFCs for BN. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 36 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 27 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 12 AR 121202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.121202 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA CE3NK UT WOS:000351733100001 ER PT J AU Schweigert, IV AF Schweigert, Igor V. TI Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics of High-Temperature Unimolecular Dissociation of Gas-Phase RDX and Its Dissociation Products SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID HETEROGENEOUS ENERGETIC MATERIALS; WAVE INDUCED DECOMPOSITION; QC-SCF METHOD; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; BASIS-SETS; CLASSICAL DYNAMICS; CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; ORBITAL METHODS; MELTING-POINT; EXPLOSIVES AB Unimolecular dynamics of gas-phase hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and its dissociation products were simulated using density functional theory (DFT) at the M06-L level. The simulations of RDX at 2000 K showed that dissociation proceeds from multiple conformers, mostly via homolytic fission of an N-N bond with a minor contribution from elimination of HONO, in agreement with previous transition state theory calculations. However, the simulations of the fission and elimination products revealed that secondary N-N fission is facile and, at the simulated temperature of 1750 K, dominant over other mechanisms. The simulations of the resulting intermediates revealed a number of new unimolecular pathways that have not been previously considered. The transition structures and minimal energy paths were calculated for all reactions to confirm these observations. Based on these findings, a revised set of the unimolecular reactions contributing to gas-phase RDX decomposition is proposed. C1 US Navy, Res Lab, Theoret Chem Sect, Code 6189, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Schweigert, IV (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Theoret Chem Sect, Code 6189, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM igor.schweigert@nrl.navy.mil RI Schweigert, Igor/B-5750-2008 FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Research Laboratory; Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program Software Application Institute for Multiscale Reactive Modeling of Insensitive Munitions FX The author thanks the anonymous reviewers for critical comments, which were helpful in revising the manuscript. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research, both directly and through the Naval Research Laboratory, and by the Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program Software Application Institute for Multiscale Reactive Modeling of Insensitive Munitions. NR 71 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 9 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD MAR 26 PY 2015 VL 119 IS 12 BP 2747 EP 2759 DI 10.1021/jp510034p PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA CE6TP UT WOS:000351971400002 PM 25738393 ER PT J AU Majola, SNT Hartley, DJ Riedinger, LL Sharpey-Schafer, JF Allmond, JM Beausang, C Carpenter, MP Chiara, CJ Cooper, N Curien, D Gall, BJP Garrett, PE Janssens, RVF Kondev, FG Kulp, WD Lauritsen, T McCutchan, EA Miller, D Piot, J Redon, N Riley, MA Simpson, J Stefanescu, I Werner, V Wang, X Wood, JL Yu, CH Zhu, S AF Majola, S. N. T. Hartley, D. J. Riedinger, L. L. Sharpey-Schafer, J. F. Allmond, J. M. Beausang, C. Carpenter, M. P. Chiara, C. J. Cooper, N. Curien, D. Gall, B. J. P. Garrett, P. E. Janssens, R. V. F. Kondev, F. G. Kulp, W. D. Lauritsen, T. McCutchan, E. A. Miller, D. Piot, J. Redon, N. Riley, M. A. Simpson, J. Stefanescu, I. Werner, V. Wang, X. Wood, J. L. Yu, C. -H. Zhu, S. TI Observation of gamma vibrations and alignments built on non-ground-state configurations in Dy-156 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID BAND-CROSSING FREQUENCIES; PROJECTED SHELL-MODEL; HIGH-SPIN; ROTATIONAL BANDS; DEFORMED-NUCLEI; QUASI-PARTICLE; REGION; ER-164; GD-154; SPECTROSCOPY AB The exact nature of the lowest K-pi = 2(+) rotational bands in all deformed nuclei remains obscure. Traditionally they are assumed to be collective vibrations of the nuclear shape in the. degree of freedom perpendicular to the nuclear symmetry axis. Very few such. bands have been traced past the usual backbending rotational alignments of high-j nucleons. We have investigated the structure of positive-parity bands in the N = 90 nucleus Dy-156, using the Nd-148(C-12,4n) Dy-156 reaction at 65 MeV, observing the resulting. gamma-ray transitions with the Gammasphere array. The even-and odd-spin members of the K-pi = 2(+)gamma band are observed up to 32(+) and 31(+), respectively. This rotational band faithfully tracks the ground-state configuration to the highest spins. The members of a possible. vibration built on the aligned yrast S band are observed up to spins 28(+) and 27(+). An even-spin positive-parity band, observed up to spin 24(+), is a candidate for an aligned S band built on the seniority-zero configuration of the 0(2)(+) state at 676 keV. The crossing of this band with the 0(2)(+) band is at h omega(c) = 0.28(1) MeV and is consistent with the configuration of the 0(2)(+) band not producing any blocking of the monopole pairing. C1 [Majola, S. N. T.] Natl Res Fdn, iThemba LABS, ZA-7129 Somerset West, South Africa. [Majola, S. N. T.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Phys, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Hartley, D. J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Riedinger, L. L.; Miller, D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Sharpey-Schafer, J. F.] Univ Western Cape, Dept Phys, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa. [Allmond, J. M.; Beausang, C.] Univ Richmond, Dept Phys, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. [Carpenter, M. P.; Janssens, R. V. F.; Lauritsen, T.; McCutchan, E. A.; Stefanescu, I.; Zhu, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chiara, C. J.; Kondev, F. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Cooper, N.; Werner, V.] Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Curien, D.; Gall, B. J. P.; Piot, J.] Univ Strasbourg, IPHC, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. [Curien, D.; Gall, B. J. P.; Piot, J.] CNRS, UMR7178, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. [Garrett, P. E.] Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Kulp, W. D.; Wood, J. L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [McCutchan, E. A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Redon, N.] CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Riley, M. A.; Wang, X.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Simpson, J.] STFC, Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. [Allmond, J. M.; Yu, C. -H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Majola, SNT (reprint author), Natl Res Fdn, iThemba LABS, POB 722, ZA-7129 Somerset West, South Africa. EM majola@tlabs.ac.za RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; Miller, David/B-5372-2012; Werner, Volker/C-1181-2017 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Miller, David/0000-0002-0426-974X; Werner, Volker/0000-0003-4001-0150 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [PHY-1203100, PHY-0754674]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-FG02-91ER40609]; Joyce Frances Adlard Cultural Fund; South African National Research Foundation FX We would like to thank the crew of the ANL ATLAS accelerator for delivering a very stable and clean beam. The authors also thank the ANL operations staff at Gammasphere and gratefully acknowledge the efforts of J. P. Green for target preparation. In addition we thank D. Radford for software support and S. Aberg for constructive discussions. This work was funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grants No. PHY-1203100 (USNA) and No. PHY-0754674 (FSU) as well as by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear of Nuclear Physics, under Contracts No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 (ANL) and No. DE-FG02-91ER40609 (Yale). One of us J.F.S.-S. would like to thank the Joyce Frances Adlard Cultural Fund for support. S.N.T.M. acknowledges a postgraduate grant from the South African National Research Foundation and thanks the library staff of iThemba LABS for considerable help. NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR 26 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 3 AR 034330 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.91.034330 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA CE7LR UT WOS:000352022400002 ER PT J AU Williams, EG Roux, P Rupin, M Kuperman, WA AF Williams, Earl G. Roux, Philippe Rupin, Matthieu Kuperman, W. A. TI Theory of multiresonant metamaterials for A(0) Lamb waves SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB We develop an analytical wave approach to describe the physics properties of multiresonant metamaterials for Lamb waves propagating in plates. The metamaterial that we characterize consists of a 10 by 10 uniform, periodic array of long rods attached to the surface of the plate that forms the substrate in which antisymmetric A(0) Lamb waves are excited. We show that the A(0) Lamb wave propagation through the metamaterial can be accurately modeled using a simplified theory that replaces the two-dimensional array with a one-dimensional beam with a linear array of 10 rods. The wave propagation problem is solved rigorously for this one-dimensional system using the scattering matrix for a single rod. The exact eigenvalues of the system are approximated in a long wavelength expansion to determine a simple expression for the effective wave number and dispersion of the metamaterial. The modeled dispersion is compared with an experimental measurement of the dispersion inside the metamaterial with excellent agreement. The multiresonant rods, restricted to longitudinal vibration consistent with A(0) Lamb waves excited in the plate, produce two wide stop bands in the frequency domain from 0 to 10 kHz where the stop or passband boundaries align with the minima and maxima of the rod's impedance. We show that a negative effective density is obtained in the stop band. With the simple yet highly accurate relations given in this paper we have a tool to develop more complex metamaterials with rods and plates of different properties. C1 [Williams, Earl G.] Naval Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Roux, Philippe; Rupin, Matthieu] Univ Grenoble 1, Inst Sci Terre, UMR 5275, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Kuperman, W. A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Williams, EG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Acoust Div, Code 7106,4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM earl.williams@nrl.navy.mil RI roux, philippe/B-8538-2014 FU Office of Naval Research FX E.G.W. acknowledges support from the Office of Naval Research. NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 23 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 10 AR 104307 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.104307 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA CE0QH UT WOS:000351509000003 ER PT J AU Guild, MD Garcia-Chocano, VM Kan, WW Sanchez-Dehesa, J AF Guild, Matthew D. Garcia-Chocano, Victor M. Kan, Weiwei Sanchez-Dehesa, Jose TI Acoustic metamaterial absorbers based on multilayered sonic crystals SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE-MASS DENSITY; CHARACTERISTIC IMPEDANCE; SOUND-PROPAGATION; FIBROUS MATERIALS; BAND-STRUCTURE; CYLINDERS; FLUID; NUMBERS; FLOW; AIR AB Through the use of a layered arrangement, it is shown that lossy sonic crystals can be arranged to create a structure with extreme acoustic properties, namely, an acoustic metamaterial. This artificial structure shows different effective fluids and absorptive properties in different orientations. Theoretical, numerical, and experimental results examining thermoviscous losses in sonic crystals are presented, enabling the fabrication and characterization of an acoustic metamaterial absorber with complex-valued anisotropic inertia. To accurately describe and fabricate such an acoustic metamaterial in a realizable experimental configuration, confining structures are needed which modify the effective properties, due to the thermal and viscous boundary layer effects within the sonic crystal lattice. Theoretical formulations are presented which describe the effects of these confined sonic crystals, both individually and as part of an acoustic metamaterial structure. Experimental demonstrations are also reported using an acoustic impedance tube. The formulations developed can be written with no unknown or empirical coefficients, due to the structured lattice of the sonic crystals and organized layering scheme; and it is shown that higher filling fraction arrangements can be used to provide a large enhancement in the loss factor. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Guild, Matthew D.; Garcia-Chocano, Victor M.; Sanchez-Dehesa, Jose] Univ Politecn Valencia, Grp Fenomenos Ondulatorios, Dept Ingn Elect, E-46022 Valencia, Spain. [Kan, Weiwei] Nanjing Univ, Dept Phys, Key Lab Modern Acoust, MOE,Inst Acoust, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Guild, MD (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, NRC Postdoctoral Res Associateship Program, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mdguild@utexas.edu; jsdehesa@upv.es FU U.S. Office of Naval Research [N000141210216]; Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) [TEC2010-19751] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research (Award No. N000141210216) and by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) under Contract No. TEC2010-19751. NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 62 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR 21 PY 2015 VL 117 IS 11 AR 114902 DI 10.1063/1.4915346 PG 14 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CE1WZ UT WOS:000351604900048 ER PT J AU Valle-Levinson, A Huguenard, K Ross, L Branyon, J MacMahan, J Reniers, A AF Valle-Levinson, Arnoldo Huguenard, Kimberly Ross, Lauren Branyon, Jackie MacMahan, Jamie Reniers, Ad TI Tidal and nontidal exchange at a subtropical inlet: Destin Inlet, Northwest Florida SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE tidal flows; residual exchange; tidal inlet; Destin; Northwest Florida ID WELL-MIXED ESTUARY; CHESAPEAKE BAY; AXIAL CONVERGENCE; FLOW; FRONTS; CIRCULATION; VARIABILITY; STABILITY; GRADIENTS; INTRUSION AB A tidal-cycle study at Destin Inlet, Northwest Florida, investigated intratidal and residual flow structures for the first time across the inlet. Underway current velocity profiles were combined with hydrographic station profiles at neap tides to document the appearance of tidal fronts, the distribution of tidal currents across two cross-sections, and the residual, or non-tidal, flow structure at the same cross-sections. Intratidal variations of water density and velocity showed the presence of fronts both in 1) late ebb-early flood and 2) late flood-early ebb tidal stages. Late ebb-early flood tidal intrusion fronts brought about depth-independent changes in water density >10 kg/m(3) in <2 h. Their counterparts, late flood-early ebb plume-like fronts, produced similar magnitude of variations in density but were depth-dependent. Diurnal tidal current distributions across the inlet followed a general behavior of a damped wave with strongest currents appearing near the surface and near the deepest part of the cross-sections (thalweg). However, curvature effects seemed to modify this behavior locally by shifting the maximum tidal current away from the thalweg. Frictional and curvature effects on the diurnal flows were confirmed by an analytical solution for tidal currents. The observed density gradients drove residual flows that were vertically sheared, with outflow at the surface and inflow near the bottom. Such residual flow distributions were reproduced by an analytical solution that diagnosed the flow structure as inherent of a dynamically narrow inlet with relatively weak frictional effects. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Valle-Levinson, Arnoldo; Huguenard, Kimberly; Ross, Lauren; Branyon, Jackie] Univ Florida, Civil & Coastal Engn Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [MacMahan, Jamie] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Reniers, Ad] Delft Univ Technol, Delft, Netherlands. RP Valle-Levinson, A (reprint author), Univ Florida, Civil & Coastal Engn Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM arnoldo@ufl.edu FU BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative; NSF [OCE-1332718] FX This study was made possible by a grant from BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative. G. Finch captained his boat for part of the experiment. The assistance in the field of A. Laurel, S. Valentim, F. Nascimento, A. Soloviev, G. Novelli, C. Smith, C. Dean, B. Hamilton is greatly appreciated. AVL acknowledges support from NSF project OCE-1332718. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0272-7714 EI 1096-0015 J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. PD MAR 20 PY 2015 VL 155 BP 137 EP 147 DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2015.01.020 PG 11 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA CF6OI UT WOS:000352675600015 ER PT J AU Aschwanden, MJ Boerner, P Ryan, D Caspi, A McTiernan, JM Warren, HP AF Aschwanden, Markus J. Boerner, Paul Ryan, Daniel Caspi, Amir McTiernan, James M. Warren, Harry P. TI GLOBAL ENERGETICS OF SOLAR FLARES. II. THERMAL ENERGIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE plasmas; radiation mechanisms: thermal; Sun: flares; Sun: UV radiation ID SELF-ORGANIZED CRITICALITY; PHYSICAL PARAMETERS; QUIET SUN; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; FUNDAMENTAL LIMITATIONS; TEMPERATURE STRUCTURE; PLASMA TEMPERATURE; FRACTAL DIMENSION; FLARE/CME EVENTS; ACTIVE-REGION AB We present the second part of a project on the global energetics of solar flares and CMEs that includes about 400 M- and X-class flares observed with Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) during the first 3.5 years of its mission. In this Paper II we compute the differential emission measure (DEM) distribution functions and associated multi-thermal energies, using a spatially-synthesized Gaussian DEM forward-fitting method. The multi-thermal DEM function yields a significantly higher (by an average factor of approximate to 14), but more comprehensive (multi-)thermal energy than an isothermal energy estimate from the same AIA data. We find a statistical energy ratio of E-th/E-diss >> 2%-40% between the multi-thermal energy E-th and the magnetically dissipated energy E-diss, which is an order of magnitude higher than the estimates of Emslie et al.2012. For the analyzed set of M and X-class flares we find the following physical parameter ranges: L=10(8.2)-10 (9.7) cm for the length scale of the flare areas, T-p=10 (5.7)-10 (7.4) K for the DEM peak temperature, T-w=10 (6.8)-10 (7.6) K for the emission measure-weighted temperature, n(p)=10 (10.3)-10 (11.8) cm(-3) for the average electron density, EMp=10 (47.3)-10 (50.3) cm-3 for the DEM peak emission measure, and E-th=10 (26.8)-10 (32.0) erg for the multi-thermal energies. The deduced multi-thermal energies are consistent with the RTV scaling law E-th,E-RTV=7.3 x 10(-10) (TpLp2)-L-3, which predicts extremal values of E-th,E-max approximate to 1.5 x 10 (33) erg for the largest flare and E-th,E-min approximate to 1 x 10 (24) erg for the smallest coronal nanoflare. The size distributions of the spatial parameters exhibit powerlaw tails that are consistent with the predictions of the fractal-diffusive self-organized criticality model combined with the RTV scaling law. C1 [Aschwanden, Markus J.; Boerner, Paul] Lockheed Martin, Solar & Astrophys Lab, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Ryan, Daniel] Royal Observ Belgium, Solar Terr Ctr Excellence, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium. [Caspi, Amir] Southwest Res Inst, Planetary Sci Directorate, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [McTiernan, James M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Warren, Harry P.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Aschwanden, MJ (reprint author), Lockheed Martin, Solar & Astrophys Lab, Org A021S,Bldg 252,3251 Hanover St, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. EM aschwanden@lmsal.com; ryand5@tcd.ie; amir.caspi@lasp.colorado.edu; jimm@ssl.berkeley.edu; harry.warren@nrl.navy.mil OI Caspi, Amir/0000-0001-8702-8273 FU NASA [NNG 04EA00C]; NASA STEREO mission under NRL [N00173-02-C-2035] FX We appreciate helpful and constructive comments from an anonymous referee and from a number of participants of the RHESSI-13 workshop. Part of the work was supported by NASA contract NNG 04EA00C of the SDO/AIA instrument and the NASA STEREO mission under NRL contract N00173-02-C-2035. NR 40 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 1 AR 53 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/1/53 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE4XW UT WOS:000351834700053 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, L Adkins, JK Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alekseev, I Alford, J Anson, CD Aparin, A Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, EC Averichev, GS Banerjee, A Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhattarai, P Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Borowski, W Bouchet, J Brandin, AV Brovko, SG Bultmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Butterworth, J Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Campbell, JM Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chaloupka, P Chang, Z Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, L Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Chwastowski, J Codrington, MJM Contin, G Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Cui, X Das, S Leyva, AD De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD di Ruzza, B Didenko, L Dilks, C Ding, F Djawotho, P Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Engelage, J Engle, KS Eppley, G Eun, L Evdokimov, O Eyser, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Fedorisin, J Filip, P Fisyak, Y Flores, CE Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Garand, D Geurts, F Gibson, A Girard, M Gliske, S Greiner, L Grosnick, D Gunarathne, DS Guo, Y Gupta, A Gupta, S Guryn, W Haag, B Hamed, A Han, LX Haque, R Harris, JW Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Horvat, S Huang, B Huang, HZ Huang, X Huck, P Humanic, TJ Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jang, H Judd, EG Kabana, S Kalinkin, D Kang, K Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kesich, A Khan, ZH Kikola, DP Kisel, I Kisiel, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Koralt, I Kosarzewski, LK Kotchenda, L Kraishan, AF Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kulakov, I Kumar, L Kycia, RA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Landry, KD Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Li, C Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, ZM Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Lomnitz, M Longacre, RS Luo, X Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D McShane, TS Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, DA Mustafa, MK Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Nigmatkulov, G Nogach, LV Noh, SY Novak, J Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Ohlson, A Okorokov, V Oldag, EW Olvitt, DL Page, BS Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Pile, P Planinic, M Pluta, J Poljak, N Poniatowska, K Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Pruthi, NK Przybycien, M Putschke, J Qiu, H Quintero, A Ramachandran, S Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Riley, CK Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ross, JF Roy, A Ruan, L Rusnak, J Rusnakova, O Sahoo, NR Sahu, PK Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandacz, A Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, WB Schmitz, N Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shanmuganathan, PV Shao, M Sharma, B Shen, WQ Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Simko, M Skoby, MJ Smirnov, D Smirnov, N Solanki, D Sorensen, P Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Sumbera, M Sun, X Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Svirida, DN Symons, TJM Szelezniak, MA Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarnowsky, T Thomas, JH Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Turnau, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vandenbroucke, M Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Vertesi, R Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Vossen, A Wada, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, XL Wang, Y Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, YF Xiao, Z Xie, W Xin, K Xu, H Xu, J Xu, N Xu, H Xu, Y Xu, Z Yan, W Yang, C Yang, Y Yang, Y Ye, Z Yepes, P Yi, L Yip, K Yoo, IK Yu, N Zbroszczyk, H Zha, W Zhang, JB Zhang, JL Zhang, S Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneeva, Y Zyzak, M AF Adamczyk, L. Adkins, J. K. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Anson, C. D. Aparin, A. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. C. Averichev, G. S. Banerjee, A. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bhattarai, P. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Borowski, W. Bouchet, J. Brandin, A. V. Brovko, S. G. Bultmann, S. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Butterworth, J. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Campbell, J. M. Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chaloupka, P. Chang, Z. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, L. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Christie, W. Chwastowski, J. Codrington, M. J. M. Contin, G. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Cui, X. Das, S. Leyva, A. Davila De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. Derradi de Souza, R. di Ruzza, B. Didenko, L. Dilks, C. Ding, F. Djawotho, P. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Engelage, J. Engle, K. S. Eppley, G. Eun, L. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Fedorisin, J. Filip, P. Fisyak, Y. Flores, C. E. Gagliardi, C. A. Gangadharan, D. R. Garand, D. Geurts, F. Gibson, A. Girard, M. Gliske, S. Greiner, L. Grosnick, D. Gunarathne, D. S. Guo, Y. Gupta, A. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hamed, A. Han, L-X. Haque, R. Harris, J. W. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Horvat, S. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Huang, X. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jang, H. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kalinkin, D. Kang, K. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kesich, A. Khan, Z. H. Kikola, D. P. Kisel, I. Kisiel, A. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Koralt, I. Kosarzewski, L. K. Kotchenda, L. Kraishan, A. F. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kulakov, I. Kumar, L. Kycia, R. A. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. Landry, K. D. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Li, C. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. M. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Lomnitz, M. Longacre, R. S. Luo, X. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, D. A. Mustafa, M. K. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Nigmatkulov, G. Nogach, L. V. Noh, S. Y. Novak, J. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Ohlson, A. Okorokov, V. Oldag, E. W. Olvitt, D. L., Jr. Page, B. S. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Poljak, N. Poniatowska, K. Porter, J. Poskanzer, A. M. Pruthi, N. K. Przybycien, M. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Quintero, A. Ramachandran, S. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Riley, C. K. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ross, J. F. Roy, A. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Rusnakova, O. Sahoo, N. R. Sahu, P. K. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandacz, A. Sandweiss, J. Sangaline, E. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, W. B. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shanmuganathan, P. V. Shao, M. Sharma, B. Shen, W. Q. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Simko, M. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, D. Smirnov, N. Solanki, D. Sorensen, P. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Symons, T. J. M. Szelezniak, M. A. Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarnowsky, T. Thomas, J. H. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Trzeciak, B. A. Tsai, O. D. Turnau, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vandenbroucke, M. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Vertesi, R. Videbaek, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Vossen, A. Wada, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. F. Xiao, Z. Xie, W. Xin, K. Xu, H. Xu, J. Xu, N. Xu, H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Yan, W. Yang, C. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Ye, Z. Yepes, P. Yi, L. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K. Yu, N. Zbroszczyk, H. Zha, W. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, J. L. Zhang, S. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zyzak, M. CA STAR Collaboration TI Charged-to-neutral correlation at forward rapidity in Au plus Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID DISORIENTED CHIRAL CONDENSATE; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; TIME PROJECTION CHAMBER; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; STAR EXPERIMENT; FLUCTUATIONS; SEARCH; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE; DETECTOR AB Event-by-event fluctuations of the multiplicities of inclusive charged particles and photons at forward rapidity in Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV have been studied. The dominant contribution to such fluctuations is expected to come from correlated production of charged and neutral pions. We search for evidence of dynamical fluctuations of different physical origins. Observables constructed out of moments of multiplicities are used as measures of fluctuations. Mixed events and model calculations are used as base lines. Results are compared to the dynamical net-charge fluctuations measured in the same acceptance. A nonzero statistically significant signal of dynamical fluctuations is observed in excess to the model prediction when charged particles and photons are measured in the same acceptance. We find that, unlike dynamical net-charge fluctuation, charge-neutral fluctuation is not dominated by correlation owing to particle decay. Results are compared to the expectations based on the generic production mechanism of pions owing to isospin symmetry, for which no significant (<1%) deviation is observed. C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Przybycien, M.; Wang, Y.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Gliske, S.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Nelson, J. M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Aparin, A.; Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Burton, T. P.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Eyser, O.; Fazio, S.; Fisyak, Y.; Guryn, W.; Huang, B.; Ke, H. W.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Ogawa, A.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Schmidke, W. B.; Smirnov, D.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Wang, H.; Webb, G.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Aparin, A.; Brovko, S. G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Ding, F.; Draper, J. E.; Flores, C. E.; Haag, B.; Kesich, A.; Romero, J. L.; Sangaline, E.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dunkelberger, L. E.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Landry, K. D.; Nasim, Md.; Pan, Y. X.; Shah, N.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Zhao, F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Derradi de Souza, R.; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, L.; Huck, P.; Li, Z. M.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Pei, H.; Wu, Y. F.; Xu, J.; Yang, Y.; Yu, N.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhao, J.] Cent China Normal Univ HZNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Evdokimov, O.; Hofman, D. J.; Kauder, K.; Khan, Z. H.; Pandit, Y.; Wang, Y.; Ye, Z.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Kycia, R. A.] Cracow Univ Technol, PL-30084 Krakow, Poland. [Cherney, M.; De Silva, L. C.; McShane, T. S.; Ross, J. F.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. 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Y.; Zhang, S.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, Y. H.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Borowski, W.; Kabana, S.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Gunarathne, D. S.; Kraishan, A. F.; Li, X.; Olvitt, D. L., Jr.; Surrow, B.; Vandenbroucke, M.] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Cervantes, M. C.; Chang, Z.; Djawotho, P.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mondal, M. M.; Sahoo, N. R.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bhattarai, P.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Leyva, A. Davila; Hoffmann, G. W.; Markert, C.; Oldag, E. W.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; McDonald, D.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Huang, X.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z.; Yan, W.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Engle, K. S.; Witt, R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Drachenberg, J. L.; Gibson, A.; Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Banerjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Nayak, T. K.; Roy, A.; Tribedy, P.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. [Girard, M.; Kikola, D. P.; Kisiel, A.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Pawlak, T.; Pluta, J.; Poniatowska, K.; Sandacz, A.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Putschke, J.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Caines, H.; Chikanian, A.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Ohlson, A.; Riley, C. K.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Greiner, L (reprint author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. RI Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Gunarathne, Devika/C-4903-2017; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Xin, Kefeng/O-9195-2016; Yi, Li/Q-1705-2016; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Kumar, Lokesh/A-6154-2010; Rusnak, Jan/G-8462-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Kycia, Radoslaw/J-4397-2015; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012 OI Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Gunarathne, Devika/0000-0002-7155-7418; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Xin, Kefeng/0000-0003-4853-9219; Yi, Li/0000-0002-7512-2657; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Kumar, Lokesh/0000-0002-2746-9840; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Kycia, Radoslaw/0000-0002-6390-4627; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779 FU Office of NP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; Office of HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; CNRS/IN2P3; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; Korean Research Foundation; GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic; FIAS of Germany; DAE; DST; CSIR of India; National Science Centre of Poland; National Research Foundation [NRF-2012004024]; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, the KISTI Center in Korea, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, CNRS/IN2P3; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China; the Korean Research Foundation; GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic; FIAS of Germany; DAE, DST, and CSIR of India; the National Science Centre of Poland; National Research Foundation (NRF-2012004024); the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; and RosAtom of Russia. NR 64 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 37 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR 20 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 3 AR 034905 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.91.034905 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA CE8GA UT WOS:000352078500002 ER PT J AU Caspi, A Woods, TN Warren, HP AF Caspi, Amir Woods, Thomas N. Warren, Harry P. TI NEW OBSERVATIONS OF THE SOLAR 0.5-5 KEV SOFT X-RAY SPECTRUM SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE plasmas; radiation mechanisms: thermal; Sun: corona; Sun: X-rays; gamma-rays ID STELLAR CORONAL ABUNDANCES; ACTIVE-REGION; EMISSION MEASURES; ATOMIC DATABASE; RHESSI; SPECTROMETER; TEMPERATURE; CHIANTI; PLASMA; DISTRIBUTIONS AB The solar corona is orders of magnitude hotter than the underlying photosphere, but how the corona attains such high temperatures is still not understood. Soft X-ray (SXR) emission provides important diagnostics for thermal processes in the high-temperature corona, and is also an important driver of ionospheric dynamics at Earth. There is a crucial observational gap between similar to 0.2 and similar to 4 keV, outside the ranges of existing spectrometers. We present observations from a new SXR spectrometer, the Amptek X123-SDD, which measured the spatially integrated solar spectral irradiance from similar to 0.5 to similar to 5 keV, with similar to 0.15 keV FWHM resolution, during sounding rocket flights on 2012 June 23 and 2013 October 21. These measurements show that the highly variable SXR emission is orders of magnitude greater than that during the deep minimum of 2009, even with only weak activity. The observed spectra show significant high-temperature (5-10 MK) emission and are well fit by simple power-law temperature distributions with indices of similar to 6, close to the predictions of nanoflare models of coronal heating. Observations during the more active 2013 flight indicate an enrichment of low first-ionization potential elements of only similar to 1.6, below the usually observed value of similar to 4, suggesting that abundance variations may be related to coronal heating processes. The XUV Photometer System Level 4 data product, a spectral irradiance model derived from integrated broadband measurements, significantly overestimates the spectra from both flights, suggesting a need for revision of its non-flare reference spectra, with important implications for studies of Earth ionospheric dynamics driven by solar SXRs. C1 [Caspi, Amir; Woods, Thomas N.] Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Warren, Harry P.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Caspi, A (reprint author), Southwest Res Inst, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. OI Caspi, Amir/0000-0001-8702-8273 FU NASA [NAS5-02140] FX This work was supported by NASA contract NAS5-02140. We thank J. Stone for his analysis during the summer 2012 LASP REU program, and A. Y. Shih for many helpful discussions. NR 44 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD MAR 20 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 1 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/802/1/L2 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE3PK UT WOS:000351739800002 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, DR Gaitonde, DV Lewis, MJ AF Gonzalez, D. R. Gaitonde, D. V. Lewis, M. J. TI Large-eddy simulations of plasma-based asymmetric control of supersonic round jets SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE large-eddy simulation; instability; supersonic jets; plasma flow control; noise control ID TURBULENT SHEAR-LAYER; AXISYMMETRICAL JET; MIXING LAYER; HIGH-SPEED; SYNTHETIC JETS; CONTROL-SYSTEM; ACTIVE CONTROL; GAS INJECTION; ROCKET NOZZLE; ACTUATORS AB Localised arc filament plasma actuators are modelled with a validated technique to examine asymmetric control of a perfectly expanded round free jet to deflect its downstream trajectory. The nominal Mach and Reynolds numbers are 1.3 and 1 million, respectively. No-control, symmetrically controlled, and under-expanded jets are also simulated for comparison purposes. Parametric variation of actuation frequency and duty cycle indicate that asymmetric control can alter the trajectory, and, within the confines of the parameters investigated, the optimal forcing scheme was found to correspond to the jet's column-mode frequency and a duty cycle of approximately 60%. Increasing frequency and duty cycle beyond these values have a detrimental effect on control, which is consistent with experimental findings. Asymmetric actuation resulted in significant mixing enhancement on the actuated side, as evidenced by the increased growth rate of the non-dimensional momentum thickness. The effectiveness of control is reduced for under-expanded jet conditions. C1 [Gonzalez, D. R.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Warhead & Prop Technol Branch, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. [Gaitonde, D. V.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Lewis, M. J.] Sci & Technol Policy Inst, Inst Def Analyses, Washington, DC USA. RP Gonzalez, DR (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Warhead & Prop Technol Branch, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. EM david.r.gonzalez@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research: N-STAR programme (NSWC IHEODTD); Air Force Office of Scientific Research; DOD Supercomputing Resource Centers (DSRC) FX Office of Naval Research: N-STAR programme (NSWC IHEODTD); Air Force Office of Scientific Research; DOD Supercomputing Resource Centers (DSRC) NR 54 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1061-8562 EI 1029-0257 J9 INT J COMPUT FLUID D JI Int. J. Comput. Fluid Dyn. PD MAR 16 PY 2015 VL 29 IS 3-5 BP 240 EP 256 DI 10.1080/10618562.2015.1053877 PG 17 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA CO7PL UT WOS:000359352800004 ER PT J AU Hysell, DL McCarrick, MJ Fallen, CT Vierinen, J AF Hysell, D. L. McCarrick, M. J. Fallen, C. T. Vierinen, J. TI First artificial periodic inhomogeneity experiments at HAARP SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ionospheric modification; API ID HEATING FACILITY; RADIO-WAVES; IONOSPHERE; SCATTERING; REGION; IRREGULARITIES; DIAGNOSTICS; ATMOSPHERE; DENSITY; HEIGHTS AB Experiments involving the generation and detection of artificial periodic inhomogeneities have been performed at the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) facility. Irregularities were created using powerful X-mode HF emissions and then probed using short (10 s) X- and O-mode pulses. Reception was performed using a portable software-defined receiver together with the crossed rhombic antenna from the local ionosonde. Echoes were observed reliably between about 85 and 140 km altitude with signal-to-noise ratios as high as about 30 dB. The Doppler shift of the echoes can be associated with the vertical neutral wind in this altitude range. Small but persistent Doppler shifts were observed. The decay time constant of the echoes is meanwhile indicative of the ambipolar diffusion coefficient which depends on the plasma temperature, composition, and neutral gas density. The measured time constants appear to be consistent with theoretical expectations and imply a methodology for measuring neutral density profiles. The significance of thermospheric vertical neutral wind and density measurements which are difficult to obtain using ground-based instruments by other means is discussed. C1 [Hysell, D. L.] Cornell Univ, Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [McCarrick, M. J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fallen, C. T.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Vierinen, J.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. RP Hysell, DL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. EM david.hysell@cornell.edu RI Vierinen, Juha/M-9726-2015 OI Vierinen, Juha/0000-0001-7651-708X FU National Science Foundation [AGS-1342895]; DARPA [HR0011-09-C-0099] FX This work was supported by award AGS-1342895 from the National Science Foundation and by contract HR0011-09-C-0099 from DARPA to Cornell University. Data used in the preparation of this manuscript are available from the corresponding author. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAR 16 PY 2015 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1297 EP 1303 DI 10.1002/2015GL063064 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CE5CL UT WOS:000351847600003 ER PT J AU Bogdanoff, AS Westphal, DL Campbell, JR Cummings, JA Hyer, EJ Reid, JS Clayson, CA AF Bogdanoff, Alec S. Westphal, Douglas L. Campbell, James R. Cummings, James A. Hyer, Edward J. Reid, Jeffrey S. Clayson, Carol Anne TI Sensitivity of infrared sea surface temperature retrievals to the vertical distribution of airborne dust aerosol SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Dust aerosols; Sea surface temperature; Retrieval error; Radiative transfer; Infrared remote sensing ID SAHARAN DUST; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; DATA ASSIMILATION; SATELLITE DATA; AVHRR; ATLANTIC; NORTH; ALGORITHMS; MODEL; BIAS AB Sea surface temperature retrievals using the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer are highly sensitive to cloud cover and coarse mode aerosol particles such as dust. Operationally, techniques are used to flag contaminated retrievals; however, these techniques are less precise in removing dust-contaminated values. A commonly stated metric of quality for SST daytime retrievals is 0.5 degrees C; thus dust contents that produce errors greater than this value should be of concern. Here we report on significant correlation between potential SST error and observed aerosol optical depths (AOD) that was found in the tropical region dominated by Saharan dust. Utilizing a radiative transfer model with variable dust contents and typical vertical distributions, errors greater than the desired 0.5 degrees C accuracy are observed for dust AODs as low as 0.05. Errors of over 1 degrees C occur with 0.25 AOD. Analysis of the AERONET data from Cape Verde, which includes the Saharan Air layer off the west coast of Africa, reveals that 90% of the days during the boreal summer are found to have AOD amounts that correspond to error greater than 0.5 degrees C. We found that a correction accurate within 0.25 degrees C requires a mean accuracy of 0.1 AOD and proper vertical placement of the dust layer within 250 m. While empirical SST retrievals often have some measure of climatological dust contamination built into them, this work shows that typical variability in dust loadings is a non-trivial error source against SST retrieval goals. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Bogdanoff, Alec S.] MIT WHOI Joint Program Oceanog, Woods Hole, MA USA. [Westphal, Douglas L.; Campbell, James R.; Cummings, James A.; Hyer, Edward J.; Reid, Jeffrey S.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Clayson, Carol Anne] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Phys Oceanog, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Bogdanoff, AS (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, 266 Woods Hole Rd,MS 21, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. EM abogdanoff@whoi.edu RI Campbell, James/C-4884-2012; Hyer, Edward/E-7734-2011; Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014; OI Campbell, James/0000-0003-0251-4550; Hyer, Edward/0000-0001-8636-2026; Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955; Bogdanoff, Alec/0000-0002-0467-3785 FU Office of Naval Research [0602435N]; Department of Defense (DoD) through the Naval Research Enterprise Intern Program (NREIP); National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship Program; NASA Earth Science MEaSUREs DISCOVER Project; AMSR-E Science Team FX Research funded by Office of Naval Research, Program Element 0602435N. Funding for A. Bogdanoff provided by the Department of Defense (DoD) through the Naval Research Enterprise Intern Program (NREIP) and National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship Program. AMSR-E data are produced by Remote Sensing Systems and sponsored by the NASA Earth Science MEaSUREs DISCOVER Project and the AMSR-E Science Team. Data are available at www.remss.com. We would like to thank Didier Tanre and Brent Holben for their efforts in establishing and maintaining the Cape Verde and Anmyon AERONET sites, respectively. The authors would also like to thank the three anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful reviews and helpful comments. NR 62 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD MAR 15 PY 2015 VL 159 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.12.002 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA CF7PO UT WOS:000352749000001 ER PT J AU Breckenfeld, E Kim, H Auyeung, RCY Charipar, N Serra, P Pique, A AF Breckenfeld, E. Kim, H. Auyeung, R. C. Y. Charipar, N. Serra, P. Pique, A. TI Laser-induced forward transfer of silver nanopaste for microwave interconnects SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Laser-induced forward transfer; Ag nanopaste; Additive manufacturing; Microwave interconnects; Laser printing ID NANOPARTICLES INK; DIRECT-WRITE AB We explore the effect of variations in laser fluence and donor-receiver substrate distance on the laser-induced forward transfer technique for high viscosity Ag nanopaste. By transferring 50 mu m x 50 mu m voxels with thicknesses between 0.8 and 8.7 mu m at different laser fluences, we are able to systematically determine a thickness-fluence regime for successful transfer that widens with increasing voxel thickness. We use these results to study congruent transfer of square voxels with lateral dimensions spanning 2 orders of magnitude: 5 mu m x 5 mu m, 50 mu m x 50 mu m, and 500 mu m x 500 mu m. We conclude by linking a multitude of voxels together in 1 mm and 3 mm lines to fabricate the center conductor in coplanar waveguides (CPWs) with relatively low loss up to 10 GHz. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Breckenfeld, E.] Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kim, H.; Auyeung, R. C. Y.; Charipar, N.; Pique, A.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Serra, P.] Univ Barcelona, Dept Fis Aplicada & Opt, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. RP Breckenfeld, E (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM eric.brekenfeld.ctr@nrl.navy.mil OI Serra, Pere/0000-0002-0676-1447 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 EI 1873-5584 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2015 VL 331 BP 254 EP 261 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.01.079 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA CC2AC UT WOS:000350145700034 ER PT J AU Harmon, SR Mckinney, JD AF Harmon, Sharon R. Mckinney, Jason D. TI Precision Broadband RF Signal Recovery in Subsampled Analog Optical Links SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Microwave photonics; ultra-wideband; broadband; multi-octave; optical subsampling; disambiguation ID MODULATORS AB We present a novel technique for ultrawideband RF disambiguation where we are able to determine the precise Nyquist band from which an optically sampled, and therefore downconverted signal originated. This is accomplished by applying a discrete perturbation to the sampling rate, and measuring the magnitude and direction of the shift in signal location within the fundamental Nyquist band. Once the Nyquist band has been determined, the exact signal frequency can also be recovered. We demonstrate extremely accurate multioctave signal recovery over 1 MHz-40 GHz. C1 [Harmon, Sharon R.] Sotera Def Solut Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. [Mckinney, Jason D.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Harmon, SR (reprint author), Sotera Def Solut Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. EM sharon.harmon.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; jason.mckinney@nrl.navy.mil NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1041-1135 EI 1941-0174 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD MAR 15 PY 2015 VL 27 IS 6 BP 620 EP 623 DI 10.1109/LPT.2014.2386657 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA CC4UR UT WOS:000350349900015 ER PT J AU Giri, A Gaskins, JT Donovan, BF Szwejkowski, C Warzoha, RJ Rodriguez, MA Ihlefeld, J Hopkins, PE AF Giri, Ashutosh Gaskins, John T. Donovan, Brian F. Szwejkowski, Chester Warzoha, Ronald J. Rodriguez, Mark A. Ihlefeld, Jon Hopkins, Patrick E. TI Mechanisms of nonequilibrium electron-phonon coupling and thermal conductance at interfaces SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PICOSECOND LIGHT-PULSES; KAPITZA CONDUCTANCE; LATTICE TEMPERATURES; BOUNDARY SCATTERING; HEAT-TRANSPORT; METALS; RELAXATION; FEMTOSECOND; DYNAMICS; FILMS AB We study the electron and phonon thermal coupling mechanisms at interfaces between gold films with and without Ti adhesion layers on various substrates via pump-probe time-domain thermoreflectance. The coupling between the electronic and the vibrational states is increased by more than a factor of five with the inclusion of an similar to 3 nm Ti adhesion layer between the Au film and the nonmetal substrate. Furthermore, we show an increase in the rate of relaxation of the electron system with increasing electron and lattice temperatures induced by the laser power and attribute this to enhanced electron-electron scattering, a transport channel that becomes more pronounced with increased electron temperatures. The inclusion of the Ti layer also results in a linear dependence of the electron-phonon relaxation rate with temperature, which we attribute to the coupling of electrons at and near the Ti/substrate interface. This enhanced electron-phonon coupling due to electron-interface scattering is shown to have negligible influence on the Kapitza conductances between the Au/Ti and the substrates at longer time scales when the electrons and phonons in the metal have equilibrated. These results suggest that only during highly nonequilibrium conditions between the electrons and phonons (T-e >> T-p) does electron-phonon scattering at an interface contribute to thermal boundary conductance. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Giri, Ashutosh; Gaskins, John T.; Donovan, Brian F.; Szwejkowski, Chester; Hopkins, Patrick E.] Univ Virginia, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Warzoha, Ronald J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. [Ihlefeld, Jon] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Giri, A (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM phopkins@virginia.edu OI Warzoha, Ronald/0000-0002-5454-4551 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR [FA9550-13-1-0067, FA9550-15-1-0079]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at Sandia National Laboratories; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This material is based upon work supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR Award Nos. FA9550-13-1-0067 and FA9550-15-1-0079. This work was also supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. P.E.H and A.G gratefully acknowledge Professor D.G. Cahill for fruitful discussions. NR 66 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 39 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR 14 PY 2015 VL 117 IS 10 AR 105105 DI 10.1063/1.4914867 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CD9UB UT WOS:000351442900056 ER PT J AU Lee, WK Whitener, KE Robinson, JT Sheehan, PE AF Lee, Woo-Kyung Whitener, Keith E., Jr. Robinson, Jeremy T. Sheehan, Paul E. TI Patterning Magnetic Regions in Hydrogenated Graphene Via E-Beam Irradiation SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID REDUCTION; FUNCTIONALIZATION; FLUOROGRAPHENE; FLUORIDE; GRAPHANE C1 [Lee, Woo-Kyung; Whitener, Keith E., Jr.; Sheehan, Paul E.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Robinson, Jeremy T.] US Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lee, WK (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM woo.lee@nrl.navy.mil RI Sheehan, Paul/B-4793-2010 OI Sheehan, Paul/0000-0003-2668-4124 FU NRL Nanoscience Institute; Office of Naval Research [001412WX21684]; National Research Council FX This work was supported by the NRL Nanoscience Institute and the Office of Naval Research (Grant N0. 001412WX21684). W.K.L. and P.E.S. acknowledge helpful discussion with Adam Friedman of Electronics Science and Engineering Division in Naval Research Laboratory. W.K.L. thanks Arnaldo Laracuente of Chemistry Division in Naval Research Laboratory for use of his UHV SEM. K.E.W. appreciates the support of the National Research Council. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 9 U2 64 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 EI 1521-4095 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD MAR 11 PY 2015 VL 27 IS 10 BP 1774 EP + DI 10.1002/adma.201404144 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA CD0II UT WOS:000350754100019 PM 25594531 ER PT J AU Goswami, R Pande, CS AF Goswami, R. Pande, C. S. TI Investigations of crack-dislocation interactions ahead of mode-III crack SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Crack tip dislocations; TEM; Modeling ID PLASTIC ZONE; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; TEM OBSERVATIONS; TIP; FRACTURE; EMISSION; ALUMINUM AB Transmission electron microscopy was employed to investigate the configuration of dislocations emitted by a sharp crack in Al 1100 and Ni base superalloy in part to understand the role of different stacking fault energies. A dislocation free zone and a plastic zone were observed ahead of the cracks in both cases with different dislocation configurations. The experimentally measured values of these zones are in reasonably good agreement with models of crack-dislocation configuration based on a continuum distribution of dislocations ahead of the crack. However, these models fail to predict the total number of emitted dislocations in both cases, underlying the need for better analytical models. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Goswami, R.; Pande, C. S.] US Navy, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Goswami, R (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Ramasis.Goswami@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory's 6.1 Research Program FX Funding for this project was provided by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory's 6.1 Research Program. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 EI 1873-4936 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD MAR 11 PY 2015 VL 627 BP 217 EP 222 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2014.12.113 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA CD0QS UT WOS:000350779600026 ER PT J AU He, XH Aglio, T Deschamps, JR Rai, R Xue, FT AF He, Xinhua Aglio, Tharcilla Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Rai, Rachita Xue, Fengtian TI Synthesis of 1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-4-quinolinyl phosphates from 2-acyl-benzoic acids SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Phosphoric ester; Quinolinone; 2-Acyl-benzoic acid; Curtius rearrangement; Phosphoryl aside ID PERKOW REACTION; DERIVATIVES; COUPLINGS; PATHWAYS; AZIDES AB We report a facile synthesis of 1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-4-quinolinyl phosphates (1a-l) starting from 2-acylbenzoic acids (2a-l) in the presence of phosphoryl azides via a one-pot cascade reaction involving a Curtius rearrangement, an intramolecular nucleophilic addition of the enol carbon to the isocyanate intermediate, and an addition-elimination of the enol oxygen to the phosphoryl aside. During the reaction three new bonds are formed under mild conditions to yield 1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-4-quinolinyl phosphates in modest yields. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [He, Xinhua; Aglio, Tharcilla; Rai, Rachita; Xue, Fengtian] Univ Maryland, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Xue, FT (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, 20 Penn St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM fxue@rx.umaryland.edu FU Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy; NIDA through Interagency Agreement [Y1-DA1101]; Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) FX We gratefully acknowledge funding from the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy. The X-ray crystallographic work was supported by NIDA through Interagency Agreement #Y1-DA1101 with the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD MAR 11 PY 2015 VL 56 IS 11 BP 1441 EP 1444 DI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.01.188 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA CC7AK UT WOS:000350519900035 PM 25937677 ER PT J AU Rosenberg, MJF van der Werf, PP Aalto, S Armus, L Charmandaris, V Diaz-Santos, T Evans, AS Fischer, J Gao, Y Gonzalez-Alfonso, E Greve, TR Harris, AI Henkel, C Israel, FP Isaak, KG Kramer, C Meijerink, R Naylor, DA Sanders, DB Smith, HA Spaans, M Spinglio, L Stacey, GJ Veenendaal, I Veilleux, S Walter, F Weiss, A Wiedner, MC van der Wiel, MHD Xilouris, EM AF Rosenberg, M. J. F. van der Werf, P. P. Aalto, S. Armus, L. Charmandaris, V. Diaz-Santos, T. Evans, A. S. Fischer, J. Gao, Y. Gonzalez-Alfonso, E. Greve, T. R. Harris, A. I. Henkel, C. Israel, F. P. Isaak, K. G. Kramer, C. Meijerink, R. Naylor, D. A. Sanders, D. B. Smith, H. A. Spaans, M. Spinglio, L. Stacey, G. J. Veenendaal, I. Veilleux, S. Walter, F. Weiss, A. Wiedner, M. C. van der Wiel, M. H. D. Xilouris, E. M. TI THE HERSCHEL COMPREHENSIVE (U)LIRG EMISSION SURVEY (HERCULES): CO LADDERS, FINE STRUCTURE LINES, AND NEUTRAL GAS COOLING SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: individual (ULIRGs); galaxies: ISM; molecular data; photon-dominated region (PDR); submillimeter: ISM ID ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTROMETER; SPACE-OBSERVATORY MEASUREMENTS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DENSE MOLECULAR GAS; STAR-FORMATION; ARP 220; PHYSICAL CONDITIONS; MARKARIAN 231; WATER-VAPOR AB (Ultra) luminous infrared galaxies ((U)LIRGs) are objects characterized by their extreme infrared (8-1000 mu m) luminosities (L-LIRG > 10(11) L-circle dot and L-ULIRG > 10(12) L-circle dot). The Herschel Comprehensive ULIRG Emission Survey (PI: van derWerf) presents a representative flux-limited sample of 29 (U)LIRGs that spans the full luminosity range of these objects (10(11)L(circle dot) <= L-IR <= 10(13)L(circle dot)). With the Herschel Space Observatory, we observe [CII] 157 mu m, [O I] 63 mu m, and [O I] 145 mu m line emission with Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer, CO J = 4-3 through J = 13-12, [C I] 370 mu m, and [C I] 609 mu m with SPIRE, and low-J CO transitions with ground-based telescopes. The CO ladders of the sample are separated into three classes based on their excitation level. In 13 of the galaxies, the [O I] 63 mu m emission line is self absorbed. Comparing the CO excitation to the InfraRed Astronomical Satellite 60/100 mu m ratio and to far infrared luminosity, we find that the CO excitation is more correlated to the far infrared colors. We present cooling budgets for the galaxies and find fine-structure line flux deficits in the [C II], [Si II], [O I], and [C I] lines in the objects with the highest far IR fluxes, but do not observe this for CO 4 <= J(upp) <= 13. In order to study the heating of the molecular gas, we present a combination of three diagnostic quantities to help determine the dominant heating source. Using the CO excitation, the CO J = 1-0 linewidth, and the active galactic nucleus (AGN) contribution, we conclude that galaxies with large CO linewidths always have high-excitation CO ladders, and often low AGN contributions, suggesting that mechanical heating is important. C1 [Rosenberg, M. J. F.; van der Werf, P. P.; Israel, F. P.; Meijerink, R.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Aalto, S.] Chalmers, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Onsala Observ, SE-43994 Onsala, Sweden. [Armus, L.; Diaz-Santos, T.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Charmandaris, V.; Xilouris, E. M.] Natl Observ Athens, Inst Astron Astrophys Space Applicat & Remote Sen, Athens 15236, Greece. [Charmandaris, V.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion 71003, Greece. [Charmandaris, V.] Observ Paris, LERMA, F-75014 Paris, France. [Evans, A. S.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Evans, A. S.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Fischer, J.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gao, Y.] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Gonzalez-Alfonso, E.] Univ Alcala De Henares, Dept Fis & Matemat, E-28871 Alcala De Henares, Madrid, Spain. [Greve, T. R.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Harris, A. I.; Veilleux, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Henkel, C.; Weiss, A.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Henkel, C.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Astron, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. [Isaak, K. G.] ESTEC SRE S, Sci Support Off, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Kramer, C.] IRAM, Nucleo Cent, E-18012 Granada, Spain. [Naylor, D. A.; Veenendaal, I.; van der Wiel, M. H. D.] Univ Lethbridge, Inst Space Imaging Sci, Dept Phys & Astron, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada. [Sanders, D. B.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Smith, H. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Spaans, M.] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Spinglio, L.] INAF, Ist Astros & Planetol Spaziali, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Stacey, G. J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Veilleux, S.] Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Walter, F.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Rosenberg, MJF (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM rosenberg@strw.leidenuniv.nl RI Charmandaris, Vassilis/A-7196-2008; van der Wiel, Matthijs/M-4531-2014; Xilouris, Emmanuel/K-9459-2013; OI Charmandaris, Vassilis/0000-0002-2688-1956; van der Wiel, Matthijs/0000-0002-4325-3011; Fischer, Jacqueline/0000-0001-6697-7808 FU NASA [NNX12AI55G]; JPL RSA [717437, 717353]; Canadian Space Agency (CSA); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) FX We thank Edward Polehampton for his help reducing the SPIRE observations. Basic research in infrared astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is funded by the Office of Naval Research. J.F. also acknowledges partial support from the NHSC/JPL subcontract 1371112. SPIRE has been developed by a consortium of institutes led by Cardiff University (UK) and including: University of Lethbridge (Canada); NAOC (China); CEA, LAM(France); IFSI, University of Padua (Italy); IAC (Spain); Stockholm Observatory (Sweden); Imperial College London, RAL, UCL-MSSL, UKATC, University of Sussex (UK); and Caltech, JPL, NHSC, University of Colorado (USA). This development has been supported by national funding agencies: CSA (Canada); NAOC (China); CEA, CNES, CNRS (France); ASI (Italy); MCINN (Spain); SNSB (Sweden); STFC, UKSA (UK); and NASA (USA). The Herschel spacecraft was designed, built, tested, and launched under a contract to ESA managed by the Herschel/Planck Project team by an industrial consortium under the overall responsibility of the prime contractor Thales Alenia Space (Cannes), and including Astrium (Friedrichshafen) responsible for the payload module and for system testing at spacecraft level, Thales Alenia Space (Turin) responsible for the service module, and Astrium (Toulouse) responsible for the telescope, with in excess of a hundred subcontractors. HCSS/HSpot/HIPE is a joint development (are joint developments) by the Herschel Science Ground Segment Consortium, consisting of ESA, the NASA Herschel Science Center, and the HIFI, PACS and SPIRE consortia. H.A.S. acknowledges partial support from NASA grant NNX12AI55G and JPL RSA contract 717437 and 717353. M.H.D.v.d.W. is supported by the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). NR 93 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 2015 VL 801 IS 2 AR 72 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/801/2/72 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CD3GE UT WOS:000350965500001 ER PT J AU Mait, JN Mahalanobis, A Neifeld, MA Athale, RA AF Mait, Joseph N. Mahalanobis, Abhijit Neifeld, Mark A. Athale, Ravindra A. TI Compressive Sensing Focus Issue: introduction SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Mait, Joseph N.] US Army Res Lab, RDRL D, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Mahalanobis, Abhijit] Lockheed Martin Corp, Orlando, FL 32819 USA. [Neifeld, Mark A.] Univ Arizona, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Athale, Ravindra A.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Mait, JN (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, RDRL D, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM joseph.n.mait2.civ@mail.mil NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAR 10 PY 2015 VL 54 IS 8 BP CS1 EP CS3 DI 10.1364/AO.54.000CS1 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA CC9AE UT WOS:000350658900004 PM 25968401 ER PT J AU Hamilton, B Dean, C Kurata, N Vella, K Soloviev, A Tartar, A Shivji, M Matt, S Perrie, W Lehner, S Zhang, B AF Hamilton, B. Dean, C. Kurata, N. Vella, K. Soloviev, A. Tartar, A. Shivji, M. Matt, S. Perrie, W. Lehner, S. Zhang, B. TI Surfactant Associated Bacteria in the Sea Surface Microlayer: Case Studies in the Straits of Florida and the Gulf of Mexico SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Joint International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) / 35th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing CY JUL 13-18, 2014 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, Canadian Remote Sensing Soc AB Abstract. Certain genera of bacteria found in the near-surface layer of the ocean can be involved in the production and decay of surface active materials (surfactants), resulting in slicks on the sea surface. Slicks can be observed with airborne or satellite-based synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Here, we report results that point to a connection between the presence of surfactant-producing bacteria in the upper layer of the ocean and slicks, observed visually and in SAR imagery of the sea surface. From DNA analysis of in situ samples taken during RADARSAT-2 satellite overpass in the Straits of Florida during the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill, we found a higher abundance of known surfactant-producing bacteria in the slick compared to the nonslick area; furthermore, a higher abundance of these bacteria were observed in the water column compared to those taken from the sea surface. Surfactants produced by marine bacteria in the organic matter-rich water column can then be transported to the sea surface through diffusion or advection. Within a certain range of wind-wave conditions, the organic materials (such as dissolved oil) in the water column processed by surfactant-associated bacteria can, thus, be monitored with high-resolution remote sensing techniques. Resume. Certains genres de bacteries presents pres de la surface de l'ocean peuvent etre impliques dans la production et la decomposition de matieres actives a la surface (agents tensioactifs), causant des films sur la surface de l'ocean. Ces films peuvent etre observes a l'aide de radars a synthese d'ouverture (RSO) aeroportes ou satellitaires. Ici, nous rapportons des resultats qui suggerent un lien entre la presence de bacteries productrices d'agents tensioactifs dans la couche superieure de l'ocean et des films observes visuellement et dans l'imagerie RSO de la surface de l'ocean. A partir d'analyses d'ADN provenant d'echantillons in situ pris lors du passage du satellite RADARSAT-2 au-dessus du detroit de Floride au cours du deversement de petrole de la plateforme Deepwater Horizon en 2010, nous avons trouve une plus grande abondance de bacteries connues comme productrices d'agents tensioactifs dans la nappe par rapport a la zone a l'exterieur de la nappe. En outre, une plus grande abondance de ces bacteries a ete observee dans la colonne d'eau par rapport a la surface. Les agents tensioactifs produits par les bacteries marines dans la colonne d'eau riche en matiere organique peuvent ensuite etre transportes a la surface de l'ocean par diffusion ou advection. Dans une certaine gamme de conditions de vent et de vagues, les matieres organiques (tels que le petrole dissous) dans la colonne d'eau transformees par des bacteries qui sont associees a des agents tensioactifs peuvent ainsi etre surveillees par des techniques de teledetection a haute resolution. C1 [Hamilton, B.; Dean, C.; Kurata, N.; Vella, K.; Soloviev, A.; Shivji, M.] Nova SE Univ, Oceanog Ctr, Dania, FL 33004 USA. [Soloviev, A.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Tartar, A.] Nova SE Univ, Div Math Sci & Technol, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Matt, S.] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Perrie, W.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Lehner, S.] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Remote Sensing Technol Inst, Bremen, Germany. [Zhang, B.] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Hamilton, B (reprint author), Nova SE Univ, Oceanog Ctr, Dania, FL 33004 USA. EM bh755@nova.edu FU GoMRI project "Consortium for advanced research on transport of hydrocarbon in the environment"; Nova Southeastern University (NSU) President's Faculty Research and Development [335328]; NRL Karle Fellowship FX We acknowledge support from the GoMRI project "Consortium for advanced research on transport of hydrocarbon in the environment" (PI: Tamay Ozgokmen, UM RSMAS). Funding for this project was also provided through the Nova Southeastern University (NSU) President's Faculty Research and Development Grant No 335328. S. Matt acknowledges support from a NRL Karle Fellowship. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 16 PU CANADIAN AERONAUTICS & SPACE INST PI KANATA PA 350 TERRY FOX DR, STE 104, KANATA, ON K2K 2W5, CANADA SN 0703-8992 EI 1712-7971 J9 CAN J REMOTE SENS JI Can. J. Remote Sens. PD MAR 4 PY 2015 VL 41 IS 2 SI SI BP 135 EP 143 DI 10.1080/07038992.2015.1048849 PG 9 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA CM0JS UT WOS:000357364800007 ER PT J AU Daniele, MA Knight, AJ Roberts, SA Radom, K Erickson, JS AF Daniele, Michael A. Knight, Adrian J. Roberts, Steven A. Radom, Kathryn Erickson, Jeffrey S. TI Sweet Substrate: A Polysaccharide Nanocomposite for Conformal Electronic Decals SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-STORAGE DEVICES; THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; STRETCHABLE ELECTRONICS; EPIDERMAL ELECTRONICS; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS; CONDUCTIVE PAPER; TRANSPARENT; ULTRATHIN; DESIGN AB A conformal electronic decal based on a polysaccharide circuit board (PCB) is fabricated and characterized. The PCBs are laminates composed of bioderived sugars - nanocellulose and pullulan. The PCB and decal transfer are a bioactive material system for supporting electronic devices capable of conforming to biological surfaces. C1 [Daniele, Michael A.; Erickson, Jeffrey S.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Knight, Adrian J.; Roberts, Steven A.; Radom, Kathryn] US Naval Res Lab, Naval Res Enterprise Internship Program, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Daniele, MA (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.daniele@nrl.navy.mil RI Erickson, Jeffrey/F-6273-2011 FU Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); Office of Naval Research (ONR) [MA041-06-41-9899] FX This work was funded by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and Office of Naval Research (ONR) 6.1 work unit MA041-06-41-9899. A.J.K., S.A.R., and K.R. contributed to this work through the Naval Research Enterprise Internship Program (NREIP). The views are those of the authors and do not represent the opinion or policy of the US Navy or Department of Defense. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 9 U2 59 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 EI 1521-4095 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD MAR 4 PY 2015 VL 27 IS 9 BP 1600 EP + DI 10.1002/adma.201404445 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA CC7IO UT WOS:000350541100016 PM 25472799 ER PT J AU Alidoust, M Halterman, K AF Alidoust, Mohammad Halterman, Klaus TI Spontaneous edge accumulation of spin currents in finite-size two-dimensional diffusive spin-orbit coupled SFS heterostructures SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Josephson junctions; spin transport; proximity effects; spin-orbit coupling; spin triplet pairings ID SUPERCONDUCTOR-FERROMAGNET HETEROSTRUCTURES; TOPOLOGICAL INSULATORS; MAJORANA FERMIONS; SEMICONDUCTORS; ELECTRON; COHERENCE; PHYSICS; METALS AB We theoretically study spin and charge currents through finite-size two-dimensional s-wave superconductor/uniform ferromagnet/s-wave superconductor (S/F/S) junctions with intrinsic spin-orbit interactions (ISOIs) using a quasiclassical approach. Considering experimentally realistic parameters, we demonstrate that the combination of spontaneously broken time-reversal symmetry and lack of inversion symmetry can result in spontaneously accumulated spin currents at the edges of finite-size two-dimensional magnetic S/F/S hybrids. Due to the spontaneous edge spin accumulation, the corners of the F wire host the maximum spin current density. We further reveal that this type edge phenomena is robust and independent of either the actual type of ISOIs or exchange field orientation. Moreover, we study the spin current-phase relations in these diffusive spin-orbit coupled S/F/S junctions. Our results unveil net spin currents, not accompanied by charge supercurrents, that spontaneously accumulate at the sample edges through a modulating superconducting phase difference. Finally, we discuss possible experimental implementations to observe these edge phenomena. C1 [Alidoust, Mohammad] Univ Basel, Dept Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. [Halterman, Klaus] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Michelson Lab, Div Phys, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Alidoust, Mohammad] Univ Isfahan, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Esfahan 8174673441, Iran. RP Alidoust, M (reprint author), Univ Basel, Dept Phys, Klingelbergstr 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. EM phymalidoust@gmail.com; klaus.halterman@navy.mil OI Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134; Alidoust, Mohammad/0000-0002-1554-687X FU ONR; DOD HPCMP FX We would like to thank G Sewell for helpful discussions in the numerical parts of this work. We also thank F S Bergeret for valuable comments, suggestions, and numerous discussions which helped us to improve the manuscript. KH is supported in part by ONR and by a grant of supercomputer resources provided by the DOD HPCMP. NR 114 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 17 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD MAR 3 PY 2015 VL 17 AR 033001 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/17/3/033001 PG 12 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CF9PU UT WOS:000352898500001 ER PT J AU Gilliland, CH AF Gilliland, C. Herbert TI The Evil Necessity: British Naval Impressment in the Eighteenth-Century Atlantic World SO SCRIBLERIAN AND THE KIT-CATS LA English DT Book Review C1 [Gilliland, C. Herbert] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Gilliland, CH (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK UNIV PI NEW YORK PA C/O PROF MARILYN GAULL, DEPT ENGLISH, NEW YORK, NY 10003-4556 USA SN 0036-9640 J9 SCRIBLERIAN KIT-CATS JI Scriblerian Kit-Cats PD SPR-FAL PY 2015 VL 47-48 BP 137 EP 138 PG 2 WC Literature, British Isles SC Literature GA CZ1ST UT WOS:000366886300040 ER PT J AU Crum-Cianflone, NF Wang, X Weintrob, A Lalani, T Bavaro, M Okulicz, JF Mende, K Ellis, M Agan, BK AF Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. Wang, Xun Weintrob, Amy Lalani, Tahaniyat Bavaro, Mary Okulicz, Jason F. Mende, Katrin Ellis, Michael Agan, Brian K. TI Specific Behaviors Predict Staphylococcus aureus Colonization and Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Persons SO OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE behaviors; colonization; HIV; human immunodeficiency virus; MRSA; risk factors; skin and soft tissue infections; Staphylococcus aureus ID METHICILLIN-RESISTANT; RISK-FACTORS; NASAL CARRIAGE; HIV-INFECTION; MRSA INFECTIONS; HEALTHY-ADULTS; DRUG-USERS; PREVALENCE; ASSOCIATION; OUTPATIENTS AB Background. Few data exist on the incidence and risk factors of Staphylococcus aureus colonization and skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Methods. Over a 2-year period, we prospectively evaluated adults infected with HIV for incident S aureus colonization at 5 body sites and SSTIs. Cox proportional hazard models using time-updated covariates were performed. Results. Three hundred twenty-two participants had a median age of 42 years (interquartile range, 32-49), an HIV duration of 9.4 years (2.7-17.4), and 58% were on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Overall, 102 patients (32%) became colonized with S aureus with an incidence rate of 20.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 16.8-25.0) per 100 person-years [PYs]. Predictors of colonization in the final multivariable model included illicit drug use (hazard ratios [HR], 4.26; 95% CI, 1.33-13.69) and public gym use (HR 1.66, 95% CI, 1.04-2.66), whereas antibacterial soap use was protective (HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.32-0.78). In a separate model, perigenital colonization was associated with recent syphilis infection (HR, 4.63; 95% CI, 1.01-21.42). Fifteen percent of participants developed an SSTI (incidence rate of 9.4 cases [95% CI, 6.8-12.7] per 100 PYs). Risk factors for an SSTI included incident S aureus colonization (HR 2.52; 95% CI, 1.35-4.69), public shower use (HR, 2.59; 95% CI, 1.48-4.56), and hospitalization (HR 3.54; 95% CI, 1.67-7.53). The perigenital location for S aureus colonization was predictive of SSTIs. Human immunodeficiency virus-related factors (CD4 count, HIV RNA level, and HAART) were not associated with colonization or SSTIs. Conclusions. Specific behaviors, but not HIV-related factors, are predictors of colonization and SSTIs. Behavioral modifications may be the most important strategies in preventing S aureus colonization and SSTIs among persons infected with HIV. C1 [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Wang, Xun; Weintrob, Amy; Lalani, Tahaniyat; Bavaro, Mary; Okulicz, Jason F.; Mende, Katrin; Agan, Brian K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Ellis, Michael] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Bavaro, Mary] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Infect Dis Clin, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Wang, Xun; Mende, Katrin; Agan, Brian K.] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Bethesda, MD USA. [Weintrob, Amy] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Lalani, Tahaniyat] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Infect Dis Clin, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP Crum-Cianflone, NF (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Clin Invest Dept KCA, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM nancy32red@yahoo.com NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 2328-8957 J9 OPEN FORUM INFECT DI JI Open Forum Infect. Dis. PD SPR PY 2015 VL 2 IS 2 DI 10.1093/ofid/ofv034 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA CX6BM UT WOS:000365786200007 ER PT J AU Acharya, AR Thoms, BD Nepal, N Eddy, CR AF Acharya, Ananta R. Thoms, Brian D. Nepal, Neeraj Eddy, Charles R., Jr. TI Surface structure and surface kinetics of InN grown by plasma-assisted atomic layer epitaxy: A HREELS study SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; HYDROGEN; DESORPTION; ADSORPTION; DEPOSITION; DEFECTS; GAAS AB The surface bonding configuration and kinetics of hydrogen desorption from InN grown by plasma-assisted atomic layer epitaxy have been investigated. High resolution electron energy loss spectra exhibited loss peaks assigned to a Fuchs-Kliewer surface phonon, N-N and N-H surface species. The surface N-N vibrations are attributed to surface defects. The observation of N-H but no In-H surface species suggested N-terminated InN. Isothermal desorption data were best fit by the first-order desorption kinetics with an activation energy of (0.88 +/- 0.06) eV and pre-exponential factor of (1.5 +/- 0.5) x 10(5) s(-1). (C) 2014 American Vacuum Society. C1 [Acharya, Ananta R.] Georgia So Univ, Dept Phys, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. [Thoms, Brian D.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Nepal, Neeraj] Amer Assoc Engn Educ, Washington, DC 20034 USA. [Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nepal, Neeraj] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Acharya, AR (reprint author), Georgia So Univ, Dept Phys, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. EM aacharya@georgiasouthern.edu FU American Association for Engineering Education-Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research FX Neeraj Nepal gratefully acknowledges the support of the American Association for Engineering Education-Naval Research Laboratory Postdoctoral Fellowship program. Work at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 24 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 EI 1520-8559 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD MAR PY 2015 VL 33 IS 2 AR 021401 DI 10.1116/1.4901873 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA CJ8GZ UT WOS:000355739500030 ER PT J AU Denning, PJ Gordon, EE AF Denning, Peter J. Gordon, Edward E. TI A Technician Shortage SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Denning, Peter J.] Naval Postgrad Sch Monterey, Cebrowski Inst informat innovat, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Denning, PJ (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch Monterey, Cebrowski Inst informat innovat, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM pjd@nps.edu; imperialcorp@juno.com NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0001-0782 EI 1557-7317 J9 COMMUN ACM JI Commun. ACM PD MAR PY 2015 VL 58 IS 3 BP 28 EP 30 DI 10.1145/2723673 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA CC3BR UT WOS:000350219800012 ER PT J AU Moses, WJ Bowles, JH Corson, MR AF Moses, Wesley J. Bowles, Jeffrey H. Corson, Michael R. TI Expected Improvements in the Quantitative Remote Sensing of Optically Complex Waters with the Use of an Optically Fast Hyperspectral Spectrometer-A Modeling Study SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE F-number; Dyson; HICO; sensor noise; atmospheric correction; coastal waters; water quality; signal-to-noise ratio (SNR); hyperspectral; remote sensing ID TO-NOISE RATIO; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION; OCEAN COLOR; SENSOR; ALGORITHM; ACCURACY; SYSTEMS; IMPACT AB Using simulated data, we investigated the effect of noise in a spaceborne hyperspectral sensor on the accuracy of the atmospheric correction of at-sensor radiances and the consequent uncertainties in retrieved water quality parameters. Specifically, we investigated the improvement expected as the F-number of the sensor is changed from 3.5, which is the smallest among existing operational spaceborne hyperspectral sensors, to 1.0, which is foreseeable in the near future. With the change in F-number, the uncertainties in the atmospherically corrected reflectance decreased by more than 90% across the visible-near-infrared spectrum, the number of pixels with negative reflectance (caused by over-correction) decreased to almost one-third, and the uncertainties in the retrieved water quality parameters decreased by more than 50% and up to 92%. The analysis was based on the sensor model of the Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean (HICO) but using a 30-m spatial resolution instead of HICO's 96 m. Atmospheric correction was performed using Tafkaa. Water quality parameters were retrieved using a numerical method and a semi-analytical algorithm. The results emphasize the effect of sensor noise on water quality parameter retrieval and the need for sensors with high Signal-to-Noise Ratio for quantitative remote sensing of optically complex waters. C1 [Moses, Wesley J.; Bowles, Jeffrey H.; Corson, Michael R.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Moses, WJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM wesley.moses@nrl.navy.mil; jeffrey.bowles@nrl.navy.mil; mike.corson@nrl.navy.mil OI Moses, Wesley/0000-0003-3551-6093 FU Office of Naval Research through the Karles Fellowship by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); NASA FX This research was supported by funds from the Office of Naval Research through the Karles Fellowship awarded to W. J. Moses by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and funds provided to NRL by NASA for supporting HICO operations. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 15 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD MAR PY 2015 VL 15 IS 3 BP 6152 EP 6173 DI 10.3390/s150306152 PG 22 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA CH6QK UT WOS:000354160900077 PM 25781507 ER PT J AU Steele, SR Varma, MG Prichard, D Bharucha, AE Vogler, SA Erdogan, A Rao, SSC Lowry, AC Lange, EO Hall, GM Bleier, JIS Senagore, AJ Maykel, J Chan, SY Paquette, IM Audett, MC Bastawrous, A Umamaheswaran, P Fleshman, JW Caton, G O'Brien, BS Nelson, JM Steiner, A Garely, A Noor, N Desrosiers, L Kelley, R Jacobson, NS Rahimi, S AF Steele, Scott R. Varma, Madhulika G. Prichard, David Bharucha, Adil E. Vogler, Sarah A. Erdogan, Askin Rao, Satish S. C. Lowry, Ann C. Lange, Erin O. Hall, Glen M. Bleier, Joshua I. S. Senagore, Anthony J. Maykel, Justin Chan, Sook Y. Paquette, Ian M. Audett, Marie C. Bastawrous, Amir Umamaheswaran, Preetha Fleshman, James W. Caton, Gentry O'Brien, Brendan S. Nelson, Jeffery M. Steiner, Ari Garely, Alan Noor, Nabila Desrosiers, Laurephile Kelley, Robert Jacobson, Nina S. Rahimi, Salma TI The evolution of evaluation and management of urinary or fecal incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse SO CURRENT PROBLEMS IN SURGERY LA English DT Review ID LAPAROSCOPIC VENTRAL RECTOPEXY; EXTERNAL RECTAL PROLAPSE; PERINEAL STAPLED PROLAPSE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; POSTERIOR VAGINAL COMPARTMENT; COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; SACRAL NERVE-STIMULATION; LONG-TERM; SURGICAL-MANAGEMENT; ABDOMINAL RECTOPEXY C1 [Steele, Scott R.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Surg, Ft Lewis, WA 98433 USA. [Steele, Scott R.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Colon & Rectal Surg, Ft Lewis, WA USA. [Varma, Madhulika G.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sect Colorectal Surg, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Prichard, David] Mayo Clin, GI Motil, Rochester, MN USA. [Bharucha, Adil E.] Mayo Clin, Med, Rochester, MN USA. [Vogler, Sarah A.] Univ Minnesota, Surg, Edina, MN USA. [Erdogan, Askin] Georgia Regents Univ, Augusta, GA USA. [Rao, Satish S. C.] Georgia Regents Univ, Digest Hlth Ctr, Augusta, GA USA. [Lowry, Ann C.] Univ Minnesota, Surg, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Lange, Erin O.] Univ Washington, Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hall, Glen M.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Bleier, Joshua I. S.] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Senagore, Anthony J.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Maykel, Justin; Chan, Sook Y.] Univ Massachusetts, Mem Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. [Paquette, Ian M.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Surg, Surg, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Audett, Marie C.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Surg, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Umamaheswaran, Preetha] Swedish Med Ctr, Colon & Rectal Surg, Seattle, WA USA. [Fleshman, James W.] Baylor Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Dallas, TX 75246 USA. [Caton, Gentry] Baylor Univ, Med Ctr, Colon & Rectal Surg, Dallas, TX USA. [O'Brien, Brendan S.] US Navy, Med Corps, LT, Dept Surg,Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Nelson, Jeffery M.] US Army, COL, MC, Dept Surg,Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Steiner, Ari] South Nassau Commun Hosp, Radiol, Oceanside, NY USA. [Garely, Alan] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Noor, Nabila] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Obstet & Gynecol, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Desrosiers, Laurephile; Kelley, Robert; Jacobson, Nina S.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Female Pelv Med & Reconstruct Surg, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Rahimi, Salma] Mt Sinai Hosp, Obstet & Gynecol, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Steele, SR (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Surg, Ft Lewis, WA 98433 USA. NR 163 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0011-3840 EI 1535-6337 J9 CURR PROB SURG JI Curr. Probl. Surg. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 52 IS 3 BP 92 EP 136 DI 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2015.02.001 PG 45 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA CH5KC UT WOS:000354073500002 PM 25933741 ER PT J AU Douglass, EM Richman, JG AF Douglass, E. M. Richman, J. G. TI Analysis of ageostrophy in strong surface eddies in the Atlantic Ocean SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE eddies; nonlinearity; Agulhas rings ID VERTICAL COORDINATE; MODEL HYCOM AB Strongly nonlinear surface eddies are identified and analyzed in a general circulation model. Agulhas rings and Gulf Stream cold-core eddies are examples of eddies that cannot be properly characterized using linear geostrophic dynamics. These eddies are compact, highly circular, persistent in time, and travel long distances while maintaining their characteristics. The nonlinear eddies can be identified by a large Rossby number and high circularity. The majority of the anomalous eddies are anticyclones. Calculation of the balance of forces on these eddies demonstrates that the centrifugal force associated with strong curvature is significant, and the force balance shifts from geostrophy toward a gradient wind balance. Using geostrophy instead of the gradient wind balance produces large errors in estimates of rotational velocity of these eddies. The gradient wind velocity can be calculated from geostrophic velocity and eddy radius. Comparison between the results demonstrates that even when only sea surface height and associated geostrophic velocities are available, strongly nonlinear eddies can be identified and properly characterized. This analysis is then applied to altimetric maps of sea surface height. Nonlinear eddies are present in the altimetric maps, but are less common and not as strongly nonlinear. This analysis demonstrates that by properly accounting for the dynamics of the eddy field, a more complete statistical description including nonlinear terms can be obtained from readily available observations. C1 [Douglass, E. M.] Amer Soc Engn Educ, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Richman, J. G.] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. RP Douglass, EM (reprint author), Amer Soc Engn Educ, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. EM elizabeth.douglass.ctr@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The data used in this manuscript include output from HYCOM version 10.2 run by the Naval Research Laboratory. We are in the process of making this model run available on the www.hycom.org data server. We also used the delayed-time multimission gridded altimetry product from AVISO, available at www.aviso.altimetry.fr, downloaded on 20 July 2008. We acknowledge support by the projects "Eddy resolving global ocean prediction including tides," "Ageostrophic vorticity dynamics," and "Earth Systems Prediction Capability," all sponsored by the Office of Naval Research. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD MAR PY 2015 VL 120 IS 3 BP 1490 EP 1507 DI 10.1002/2014JC010350 PG 18 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA CH3BG UT WOS:000353900000004 ER PT J AU Shulman, I Penta, B Richman, J Jacobs, G Anderson, S Sakalaukus, P AF Shulman, Igor Penta, Bradley Richman, James Jacobs, Gregg Anderson, Stephanie Sakalaukus, Peter TI Impact of submesoscale processes on dynamics of phytoplankton filaments SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE coastal processes; upwelling; submesoscale processes; phytoplankton filaments ID OCEANIC VERTICAL PUMP; MONTEREY BAY; CALIFORNIA; FLOW; MESOSCALE; TEMPERATURE; CIRCULATION; TRANSITION; FRONTS; SYSTEM AB In Monterey Bay, CA, during northwesterly, upwelling favorable winds, the development of a southward flowing cold jet along the entrance to the Bay is often observed. This dense cold jet separates warm waters of the anticyclonic circulation offshore from the water masses inside the Bay. Interactions between the cold jet and the offshore anticyclonic circulation generate ageostrophic secondary circulation (ASC) cells due to submesoscale processes as, for example, flow interaction with the development of surface frontogenesis and nonlinear Ekman pumping. Based on observations and modeling studies, we evaluate the impact of these submesoscale processes on the formation of chlorophyll a filaments during late spring-earlier summer, and late summer time frames. We show that during the late summer time frame, ASC leads to the development of filaments with high values of chlorophyll a concentration along the edge of the cold jet-in contrast to the earlier summer time, when the ASC mixes phytoplankton much deeper to the area below of the euphotic depth, and chlorophyll a filaments are 3-4 times weaker. C1 [Shulman, Igor; Penta, Bradley; Richman, James; Jacobs, Gregg; Anderson, Stephanie; Sakalaukus, Peter] Naval Res Lab, Oceanog Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Shulman, I (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Oceanog Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM igor.shulman@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) [61153N]; Department of Defense High Performance Computing Initiative FX This research was funded through the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) under program element 61153N. We thank Drs. Ryan, Chavez, and Haddock of MBARI for discussions and providing observations from UUVs and moorings. We thank Brent Bartels of QinetiQ North America for help with the computer code estimating Q1 vector. We thank Dr. Barton and anonymous reviewers for providing very insightful comments and recommendations to improve the paper. Computer time for the numerical simulations was provided through a grant from the Department of Defense High Performance Computing Initiative. Request for access to the data presented in this paper can be sent to igor.shulman@nrlssc.navy.mil. This manuscript is NRL contribution 7330-14-2130. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD MAR PY 2015 VL 120 IS 3 BP 2050 EP 2062 DI 10.1002/2014JC010326 PG 13 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA CH3BG UT WOS:000353900000032 ER PT J AU Huhman, BM Boswell, J Ma, HB Mili, L AF Huhman, Brett M. Boswell, Joe Ma, Hongbin (Bill) Mili, Lamine TI Evaluation of the Efficacy of Oscillating Heat Pipes For Pulsed Power Naval Applications SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE AB As directed energy weapons begin to be deployed on naval vessels, the power levels and repetition rates necessary to operate these systems require the use of more sophisticated and efficient thermal management systems. Pulsed power systems are designed to rapidly charge capacitors to high energy levels in seconds, discharge that energy in milliseconds, and repeat the process as many times as possible. To investigate possible issues and evaluate solutions, the Pulsed Power Physics Branch at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) is developing a rep-rate charger for a 60 kJ capacitor bank for a fifty shot burst in five minutes. An H-bridge DC-DC converter is used to transfer energy from the electrochemical storage to the capacitor, and a peak power of 16-kW through the Integrated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) is generated. The heat produced as a byproduct of the energy transfer from the batteries to the capacitor must be effectively dissipated. NRL has investigated the supplementation of the cold plate method with an Oscillating Heat Pipe (OHP). Numerical analysis and experimental results demonstrate that the OHP can significantly increase the effective thermal conductivity and enable a fast time response of the pulsed power DC-DC converter. Comparison with the numerical analysis shows that the heat transfer resistance occurring in the cooling block is the primary resistance for the investigated IGBT OHP cooling. C1 [Huhman, Brett M.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Boswell, Joe] ThermAvant Technol, Columbia, MO USA. [Ma, Hongbin (Bill)] Univ Missouri, Dept Mech Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Mili, Lamine] Virginia Tech, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP Huhman, BM (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU US Naval Research Laboratory Base Program FX Work supported by the US Naval Research Laboratory Base Program NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC NAVAL ENG INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1452 DUKE STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3458 USA SN 0028-1425 EI 1559-3584 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 127 IS 1 BP 75 EP 81 PG 7 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA CH4LD UT WOS:000354004100006 ER PT J AU Perra, F Paulo, EP Manfreda, LL AF Perra, Francesco Paulo, Eugene P. Manfreda, Lt Luigi TI Collaborative Efforts in Advancing the State-of-the-art of Early Stage Ship Design SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The design process for a new warship requires the selection of the configuration and specific characteristics that will result in satisfying requirements in an operationally effective manner. Traditionally, the initial phase of Concept Definition is based on experience, on the balanced application of project constraints, on empirical rules and experimental information, and on analytic insights into the technologies being considered for the new warship. This knowledge is employed within a consolidated team of experts, who balance requirements, constraints, and resources. However, a key aspect of successful ship design is the need to begin the process with an understanding of the missions that the ship will undergo, as well as a clear definition of mission success. A collaborative team of researchers from academia and industry, led by Orizzonte Sistemi Navali (OSN) and supported by the Italian Navy, is applying this "mission focus" to Early Stage Ship Design (ESSD). This multiyear effort has the primary goal of linking operational effectiveness to ship design, while also developing methods and formats to convey mission effectiveness and design characteristic information that support a deeper understanding of these relationships within the ship concept design process. C1 [Perra, Francesco] Orizzonte Sistemi Navali, Res & Dev Team, Genoa, Italy. [Paulo, Eugene P.] Naval Posgrad Sch, Syst Engn, Monterey, CA USA. [Manfreda, Lt Luigi] Italian Navy, Reggio Emilia, Italy. RP Perra, F (reprint author), Orizzonte Sistemi Navali, Res & Dev Team, Genoa, Italy. EM francesco.perra@orizzontesn.it; eppaulo@nps.edu; luigi.manfreda@marina.difesa.it FU Office Naval Research [ONR 33] FX The lead author, Francesco Perra, would like to thank his own company (Orizzonte Sistemi Nava li) for the opportunity to grow up in this field and the Office Naval Research (Ms. Kelly Cooper ONR 33) for her support of these initiatives. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC NAVAL ENG INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1452 DUKE STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3458 USA SN 0028-1425 EI 1559-3584 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 127 IS 1 BP 83 EP 94 PG 12 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA CH4LD UT WOS:000354004100007 ER PT J AU Soloviev, AV Matt, S Fujimura, A AF Soloviev, Alexander V. Matt, Silvia Fujimura, Atsushi TI Three-Dimensional Dynamics of Freshwater Lenses in the Ocean's Near-Surface Layer SO OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID WESTERN EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; SHARP FRONTAL INTERFACES; MIXED-LAYER AB Convective rains in the Intertropical Convergence Zone produce lenses of freshened water on the ocean surface. Due to significant density differences between the freshened and saltier seawater, strong pressure gradients develop, resulting in lateral spreading of freshwater lenses in the form of gravity currents. Gravity currents inherently involve three-dimensional dynamics. As a type of organized structure, gravity currents may also interact with, and be shaped by, the ambient oceanic and atmospheric environment. Among the important environmental factors are background stratification and wind stress. Under certain conditions, a resonant interaction between a propagating freshwater lens and internal waves in the underlying halocline (the barrier layer) may develop, while interaction with the wind stress may produce an asymmetry in the freshwater lens and associated mixing. These two types of interactions working in concert may explain the series of sharp frontal interfaces observed in association with freshwater lenses during the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE). We conducted a series of numerical simulations using computational fluid dynamics tools. These numerical experiments were designed to elucidate the relationship between vertical and horizontal fluxes of salinity under various environmental conditions and the potential impact of these fluxes on the barrier layer and Aquarius and Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite image formations. C1 [Soloviev, Alexander V.] Nova SE Univ, Oceanog Ctr, Dania, FL 33004 USA. [Soloviev, Alexander V.; Fujimura, Atsushi] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Matt, Silvia] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. RP Soloviev, AV (reprint author), Nova SE Univ, Oceanog Ctr, Dania, FL 33004 USA. EM soloviev@nova.edu FU Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative Consortium for Advanced Research on the Transport of Hydrocarbons in the Environment; National Research Council Research Associateship FX We thank Mikhail Gilman (North Carolina State University) for development of user-defined functions for ANSYS Fluent software. Cayla Dean helped with numerical simulations and Bryan Hamilton (Nova Southeastern University) with manuscript arrangement. We are grateful to Lisan Yu (WHOI) for useful discussion of this work. The article was initiated as a follow up to the SPURS-2 Planning Meeting held April 16-18, 2014, in Pasadena, CA, attended by one of the authors (Soloviev). We acknowledge support from the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative Consortium for Advanced Research on the Transport of Hydrocarbons in the Environment (PI: Tamay Ozgokmen, UM). Silvia Matt has been supported by a National Research Council Research Associateship. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 12 PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC PI ROCKVILLE PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA SN 1042-8275 J9 OCEANOGRAPHY JI Oceanography PD MAR PY 2015 VL 28 IS 1 SI SI BP 142 EP 149 DI 10.5670/oceanog.2015.14 PG 8 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA CH0QE UT WOS:000353726500015 ER PT J AU Paul, ES Rees, JM Hampson, P Riley, MA Simpson, J Ayangeakaa, AD Baron, JS Carpenter, MP Chiara, CJ Garg, U Hartley, DJ Hoffman, CR Janssens, RVF Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Mason, PJR Matta, J Miller, SL Nolan, PJ Ollier, J Petri, M Radford, DC Revill, JP Wang, X Zhu, S Ragnarsson, I AF Paul, E. S. Rees, J. M. Hampson, P. Riley, M. A. Simpson, J. Ayangeakaa, A. D. Baron, J. S. Carpenter, M. P. Chiara, C. J. Garg, U. Hartley, D. J. Hoffman, C. R. Janssens, R. V. F. Kondev, F. G. Lauritsen, T. Mason, P. J. R. Matta, J. Miller, S. L. Nolan, P. J. Ollier, J. Petri, M. Radford, D. C. Revill, J. P. Wang, X. Zhu, S. Ragnarsson, I. TI RECENT RESULTS AT ULTRAHIGH SPIN: TERMINATING STATES AND BEYOND IN MASS 160 RARE-EARTH NUCLEI SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Zakopane Conference on Nuclear Physics - Extremes of the Nuclear Landscape CY AUG 31-SEP 07, 2014 CL Zakopane, POLAND ID COLLECTIVE STRUCTURES; QUADRUPOLE-MOMENTS; BAND TERMINATIONS; ER-158; SPECTROSCOPY; HO-157 AB A classic region of band termination at high spin occurs in rare-earth nuclei with around ten valence nucleons above the Gd-146 closed core. Results are presented here for such non-collective oblate (gamma = 60 degrees) terminating states in odd-Z Ho-155, odd-odd Ho-156, and even-even Er-156, where they are compared with neighbouring nuclei. In addition to these particularly favoured states, the occurrence of collective triaxial strongly deformed (TSD) bands, bypassing the terminating states and extending to over 65 (h) over bar, is reviewed. C1 [Paul, E. S.; Rees, J. M.; Hampson, P.; Nolan, P. J.; Revill, J. P.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Riley, M. A.; Baron, J. S.; Miller, S. L.; Wang, X.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Simpson, J.; Mason, P. J. R.; Ollier, J.] STFC Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. [Ayangeakaa, A. D.; Garg, U.; Matta, J.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Carpenter, M. P.; Chiara, C. J.; Hoffman, C. R.; Janssens, R. V. F.; Lauritsen, T.; Zhu, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chiara, C. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hartley, D. J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Kondev, F. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Petri, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Radford, D. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ragnarsson, I.] Lund Univ, LTH, Div Math Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. RP Paul, ES (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. RI Ayangeakaa, Akaa/F-3683-2015; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; Hoffman, Calem/H-4325-2016; Petri, Marina/H-4630-2016 OI Ayangeakaa, Akaa/0000-0003-1679-3175; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Hoffman, Calem/0000-0001-7141-9827; Petri, Marina/0000-0002-3740-6106 FU United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-FG02-94ER40834, DE-FG02-96ER40983, DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation [PHY-756474, PHY-1203100, PHY-0754674]; State of Florida; Swedish Research Council FX This material is based upon work supported by the United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council in addition to the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics, under award numbers DE-FG02-94ER40834 (UMD) and DE-FG02-96ER40983 (UTK), and under contract numbers DE-AC02-06CH11357 (ANL) and DE-AC02-05CH11231 (LBL), and by the National Science Foundation under contracts PHY-756474 (FSU), PHY-1203100 (USNA), and PHY-0754674 (UND). This research used resources of ANL's ATLAS facility, which is a D.O.E. Office of Science User Facility. Support was also provided by the State of Florida and the Swedish Research Council. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU WYDAWNICTWO UNIWERSYTETU JAGIELLONSKIEGO PI KRAKOW PA UL GRODZKA 26, KRAKOW, 31044, POLAND SN 0587-4254 EI 1509-5770 J9 ACTA PHYS POL B JI Acta Phys. Pol. B PD MAR PY 2015 VL 46 IS 3 BP 487 EP 496 DI 10.5506/APhysPolB.46.487 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CG8NR UT WOS:000353565500020 ER PT J AU Hebert, CG Staton, SJR Hudson, TQ Hart, SJ Lopez-Mariscal, C Terray, A AF Hebert, C. G. Staton, S. J. R. Hudson, T. Q. Hart, S. J. Lopez-Mariscal, C. Terray, A. TI Dynamic radial positioning of a hydrodynamically focused particle stream enabled by a three-dimensional microfluidic nozzle SO BIOMICROFLUIDICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Molecular Medicine and Engineering (IEEE NanoMed) CY 2014 CL Kaohsiung, TAIWAN SP IEEE ID POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE PDMS MICROCHANNELS; ACTIVATED CELL SORTER; ANALYSIS SYSTEMS; FLOW; CHIP; SEPARATION; CYTOMETRY; CHANNEL; DEVICES AB The ability to confine flows and focus particle streams has become an integral component of the design of microfluidic systems for the analysis of a wide range of samples. Presented here is the implementation of a 3D microfluidic nozzle capable of both focusing particles as well as dynamically positioning those particles in selected flow lamina within the downstream analysis channel. Through the independent adjustment of the three sheath inlet flows, the nozzle controlled the size of a focused stream for 6, 10, and 15 mu m polystyrene microparticles. Additional flow adjustment allowed the nozzle to dynamically position the focused particle stream to a specific area within the downstream channel. This unique ability provides additional capability and sample flexibility to the system. In order to gain insight into the fluidic behavior of the system, experimental conditions and results were duplicated within 4.75 mu m using a COMSOL Multiphysics (R) model to elucidate the structure, direction, proportion, and fate of fluid lamina throughout the nozzle region. The COMSOL Multiphysics model showed that the position and distribution of particles upon entering the nozzle have negligible influence over its focusing ability, extending the experimental results into a wider range of particle sizes and system flow rates. These results are promising for the application of this design to allow for a relatively simple, fast, fully fluidically controlled nozzle for selective particle focusing and positioning for further particle analysis and sorting. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Hebert, C. G.; Terray, A.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Bio Analyt Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Staton, S. J. R.] CNR, Postdoctoral Fellowship Program, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hudson, T. Q.] Naval Res Enterprise Internship Program NREIP, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hart, S. J.] LumaCyte, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. [Lopez-Mariscal, C.] ASEE Postdoctoral Fellowship Program, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Terray, A (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Bio Analyt Chem, Code 6112,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM terray@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); National Research Council (NRC); Karles Fellowship FX The authors would like to thank the Office of Naval Research (ONR) and the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) for funding support of this research effort as well as support from the National Research Council (NRC) Post-doctoral Fellowship Program and the Karles Fellowship. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1932-1058 J9 BIOMICROFLUIDICS JI Biomicrofluidics PD MAR PY 2015 VL 9 IS 2 AR UNSP 024106 DI 10.1063/1.4914869 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biophysics; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA CH2BN UT WOS:000353829200014 PM 25825621 ER PT J AU Montomery, MT Persing, J Smith, RK AF Montomery, Michael T. Persing, John Smith, Roger K. TI Putting to rest WISHE-ful misconceptions for tropical cyclone intensification SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID SEA INTERACTION THEORY; NUMERICAL SIMULATION; POTENTIAL INTENSITY; MAXIMUM INTENSITY; MODEL; HURRICANES; EVOLUTION; CYCLOGENESIS; DYNAMICS; ENERGETICS AB The purpose of this article is twofold. The first is to point out and correct several misconceptions about the putative WISHE mechanism of tropical cyclone intensification that currently are being taught to atmospheric science students, to tropical weather forecasters, and to laypeople who seek to understand how tropical cyclones intensify. The mechanism relates to the simplest problem of an initial cyclonic vortex in a quiescent environment. This first part is important because the credibility of tropical cyclone science depends inter alia on being able to articulate a clear and consistent picture of the hypothesized intensification process and its dependencies on key flow parameters. The credibility depends also on being able to test the hypothesized mechanisms using observations, numerical models, or theoretical analyses. The second purpose of the paper is to carry out new numerical experiments using a state-of-the-art numerical model to test a recent hypothesis invoking the WISHE feedback mechanism during the rapid intensification phase of a tropical cyclone. The results obtained herein, in conjunction with prior work, do not support this recent hypothesis and refute the view that the WISHE intensification mechanism is the essential mechanism of tropical cyclone intensification in the idealized problem that historically has been used to underpin the paradigm. This second objective is important because it presents a simple way of testing the hypothesized intensification mechanism and shows that the mechanism is neither essential nor the dominant mode of intensification for the prototype intensification problem. In view of the operational, societal, and scientific interest in the physics of tropical cyclone intensification, we believe this paper will be of broad interest to the atmospheric science community and the findings should be useful in both the classroom setting and frontier research. C1 [Montomery, Michael T.; Persing, John] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Smith, Roger K.] Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Inst Meteorol, Munich, Germany. RP Montomery, MT (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM mtmontgo@nps.edu FU National Science Foundation [AGS 0733380, AGS-1313948]; Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N0001411WX20095]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNG11PK021]; U.S. Naval Postgraduate School; German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) [SM30-23] FX Data supporting all figures is available at: https://www.dropbox.com/sh/ptlm2j07133p3dq/AACwCDLlLMP1x06ROf-FBAHza?dl= 0. This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation Award AGS 0733380, and AGS-1313948, The Office of Naval Research (ONR), through award N0001411WX20095, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) grant NNG11PK021 and the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School. M.T.M. wishes to thank JM, JEM, LKP, MPM, and PCM for their support. R.K.S. is grateful for support from the German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) under Grant SM30-23. We also thank Gerard Kilroy for his assistance preparing figures. NR 67 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1942-2466 J9 J ADV MODEL EARTH SY JI J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 7 IS 1 BP 92 EP 109 DI 10.1002/2014MS000362 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CH3XF UT WOS:000353963600006 ER PT J AU Chen, WJ Arnold, JC Fairchok, MP Danaher, PJ McDonough, EA Blair, PJ Garcia, J Halsey, ES Schofield, C Ottolini, M Mor, D Ridore, M Burgess, TH Millar, EV AF Chen, Wei-Ju Arnold, John C. Fairchok, Mary P. Danaher, Patrick J. McDonough, Erin A. Blair, Patrick J. Garcia, Josefina Halsey, Eric S. Schofield, Christina Ottolini, Martin Mor, Deepika Ridore, Michelande Burgess, Timothy H. Millar, Eugene V. TI Epidemiologic, clinical, and virologic characteristics of human rhinovirus infection among otherwise healthy children and adults Rhinovirus among adults and children SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rhinovirus; HRV genotypes; Viral shedding; Military ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTION; A VIRUS-INFECTION; HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR-FEATURES; DIVERSITY; RESPONSES; SEVERITY; SEQUENCE; STRAINS AB Background: human rhinovirus (HRV) is a major cause of influenza-like illness (ILI) in adults and children. Differences in disease severity by HRV species have been described among hospitalized patients with underlying illness. Less is known about the clinical and virologic characteristics of HRV infection among otherwise healthy populations, particularly adults. Objectives: to characterize molecular epidemiology of HRV and association between HRV species and clinical presentation and viral shedding. Study design: observational, prospective, facility-based study of ILI was conducted from February 2010 to April 2012. Collection of nasopharyngeal specimens, patient symptoms, and clinical information occurred on days 0, 3, 7, and 28. Patients recorded symptom severity daily for the first 7 days of illness in a symptom diary. HRV was identified by RT-PCR and genotyped for species determination. Cases who were co-infected with other viral respiratory pathogens were excluded from the analysis. We evaluated the associations between HRV species, clinical severity, and patterns of viral shedding. Results: eighty-four HRV cases were identified and their isolates genotyped. Of these, 62 (74%) were > 18 years. Fifty-four were HRV-A, 11HRV-B, and 19HRV-C. HRV-C infection was more common among children than adults (59% vs. 10%, P < 0.001). Among adults, HRV-A was associated with higher severity of upper respiratory symptoms compared to HRV-B (P = 0.02), but no such association was found in children. In addition, adults shed HRV-A significantly longer than HRV-C (P trend = 0.01). Conclusions: among otherwise healthy adults with HRV infection, we observed species-specific differences in respiratory symptom severity and duration of viral shedding. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Wei-Ju; Fairchok, Mary P.; Ridore, Michelande; Millar, Eugene V.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Arnold, John C.] Naval Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Fairchok, Mary P.; Schofield, Christina] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. [Danaher, Patrick J.] Def Inst Med Operat, San Antonio, TX USA. [McDonough, Erin A.; Blair, Patrick J.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Halsey, Eric S.; Schofield, Christina] Naval Med Res Unit 6, Lima, Peru. [Ottolini, Martin] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Off Curriculum, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Burgess, Timothy H.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Millar, EV (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, 11300 Rockville Pike,Suite 1211, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM emillar@idcrp.org FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health [Y1-AI-5072]; Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System FX The study was funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, under Inter-Agency Agreement Y1-AI-5072, and the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System. NR 44 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 EI 1873-5967 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 64 BP 74 EP 82 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.01.007 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA CF0ZP UT WOS:000352273600014 PM 25728083 ER PT J AU Yesinowski, JP AF Yesinowski, James P. TI Finding the true spin-lattice relaxation time for half-integral nuclei with non-zero quadrupole couplings SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article DE Half-integral quadrupolar nuclei; T-1; Spin-lattice relaxation methods; Magnetization recovery; Relaxation mechanisms; Gallium nitride; MAS-NMR ID GALLIUM NITRIDE; INVERSION-RECOVERY; MAS-NMR; SOLIDS; RESONANCE; CURVES AB Measuring true spin-lattice relaxation times T-1 of half-integral quadrupolar nuclei having non-zero nuclear quadrupole coupling constants (NQCCs) presents challenges due to the presence of satellite-transitions (STs) that may lie outside the excitation bandwidth of the central transition (CT). This leads to complications in establishing well-defined initial conditions for the population differences in these multi-level systems. In addition, experiments involving magic-angle spinning (MAS) can introduce spin exchange due to zero-crossings of the ST and CT (or possibly rotational resonance recoupling in the case of multiple sites) and greatly altered initial conditions as well. An extensive comparison of pulse sequences that have been previously used to measure T-1 in such systems is reported, using the Ga-71 (I = 3/2) NMR of a Ge-doped h-GaN n-type semiconductor sample as the test case. The T-1 values were measured at the peak maximum of the Knight shift distribution. Analytical expressions for magnetization-recovery of the CT appropriate to the pulse sequences tested were used, involving contributions from both a magnetic relaxation mechanism (rate constant W) and a quadrupolar one (rate constants W-1 and W-2, approximately equal in this case). An asynchronous train of high-power saturating pulses under MAS that is able to completely saturate both CT and STs is found to be the most reliable and accurate method for obtaining the "true T-1", defined here as (2W + 2W(1,2))(-1). All other methods studied yielded poor agreement with this "true T-1" value or even resulted in gross errors, for reasons that are analyzed in detail. These methods involved a synchronous train of saturating pulses under MAS, an inversion-recovery sequence under MAS or static conditions, and a saturating comb of pulses on a static sample. Although the present results were obtained on a sample where the magnetic relaxation mechanism dominated the quadrupolar one, the asynchronous saturating pulse train approach is not limited to this situation. The extent to which W-1 and W-2 are unequal does affect the interpretability of the experiment however, particularly when the quadrupolar mechanism dominates. A numerically approximate solution for the I = 3/2 recovery case reveals the quantitative effects of any such inequality. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yesinowski, JP (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM yesinowski@nrl.navy.mil FU ONR FX I thank Dr. Joel B. Miller and Dr. Sylvian Cadars for their useful comments and suggestions that helped improve the manuscript. I am also very grateful to an anonymous referee for similar comments as well as for providing the approximate numerical solution in Eq. (4). I thank Dr. Andrew Purdy for synthesizing and providing the sample of h-GaN:Ge. Support from ONR to the NRL core program is acknowledged. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 18 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1090-7807 EI 1096-0856 J9 J MAGN RESON JI J. Magn. Reson. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 252 BP 135 EP 144 DI 10.1016/j.jmr.2014.12.012 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA CF7SS UT WOS:000352757200016 PM 25700115 ER PT J AU Wright, SW Steenhoff, AP Elci, O Wolfe, HA Ralston, M Kgosiesele, T Makone, I Mazhani, L Nadkarni, VM Meaney, PA AF Wright, Shelton W. Steenhoff, Andrew P. Elci, Okan Wolfe, Heather A. Ralston, Mark Kgosiesele, Thandie Makone, Ishmael Mazhani, Loeto Nadkarni, Vinay M. Meaney, Peter A. TI Impact of contextualized pediatric resuscitation training on pediatric healthcare providers in Botswana SO RESUSCITATION LA English DT Article DE Developing countries; Emergency training, Pediatric emergency training; Resuscitation education; PEARS; Pediatric Emergency Assessment Recognition and Stabilization; Resource-limited setting AB Background: Worldwide, 6.6 million children die each year, partly due to a failure to recognize and treat acutely ill children. Programs that improve provider recognition and treatment initiation may improve child survival. Objectives: Describe provider characteristics and hospital resources during a contextualized pediatric resuscitation training program in Botswana and determine if training impacts provider knowledge retention. Design/methods: The American Heart Association's Pediatric Emergency Assessment Recognition and Stabilization (PEARS) course was contextualized to Botswana resources and practice guidelines in this observational study. A cohort of facility-based nurses (FBN) was assessed prior to and 1-month following training. Survey tools assessed provider characteristics, cognitive knowledge and confidence and hospital pediatric resources. Data analysis utilized Fisher's exact, Chi-square, Wilcoxon rank-sum and linear regression where appropriate. Results: 61 healthcare providers (89% FBNs, 11% physicians) successfully completed PEARS training. Referral facilities had more pediatric specific equipment and high-flow oxygen. Median frequency of pediatric resuscitation was higher in referral compared to district level FBN's (5 [3,10] vs. 2 [1,3] p = 0.007). While 50% of FBN's had previous resuscitation training, none was pediatric specific. Median provider confidence improved significantly after training (3.8/5 vs. 4.7/5, p < 0.001), as did knowledge of correct management of acute pneumonia and diarrhea (44% vs. 100%, p < 0.001, 6% vs. 67%, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: FBN's in Botswana report frequent resuscitation of ill children but low baseline training. Provider knowledge for recognition and initial treatment of respiratory distress and shock is low. Contextualized training significantly increased FBN provider confidence and knowledge retention 1-month after training. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wright, Shelton W.; Steenhoff, Andrew P.; Elci, Okan; Wolfe, Heather A.; Nadkarni, Vinay M.; Meaney, Peter A.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Steenhoff, Andrew P.; Meaney, Peter A.] Botswana UPenn Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana. [Ralston, Mark] Naval Hosp, Oak Harbor, WA 98277 USA. [Kgosiesele, Thandie] Botswana Minist Hlth, Clin Serv, Gaborone, Botswana. [Makone, Ishmael] Botswana Minist Hlth, Princess Marina Hosp, Gaborone, Botswana. [Steenhoff, Andrew P.; Mazhani, Loeto] Univ Botswana, Sch Med, Gaborone, Botswana. RP Meaney, PA (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, 3400 Civ Ctr Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM meaney@chop.edu FU Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; American Heart Association's Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee; Botswana-University of Pennsylvania Partnership; University of Pennsylvania-Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Internal Medicine and Pediatrics Residency Program FX We would also like to acknowledge the support of the Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, the American Heart Association's Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee, the Botswana-University of Pennsylvania Partnership and the University of Pennsylvania-Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Internal Medicine and Pediatrics Residency Program. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-9572 J9 RESUSCITATION JI Resuscitation PD MAR PY 2015 VL 88 BP 57 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2014.12.007 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Emergency Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine; Emergency Medicine GA CF4HC UT WOS:000352508400024 PM 25534076 ER PT J AU Greenlee, JD Anderson, TJ Feigelson, BN Koehler, AD Hobart, KD Kub, FJ AF Greenlee, Jordan D. Anderson, Travis J. Feigelson, Boris N. Koehler, Andrew D. Hobart, Karl D. Kub, Francis J. TI Characterization of a selective AlN wet etchant SO APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID GAN; ACTIVATION AB The effects of a selective AlN wet etchant, AZ400K, on the morphology and chemical composition of capped and uncapped GaN surfaces were investigated. After etching an uncapped GaN thin film at 80 degrees C for 8 h, the surface morphology was unchanged. After an annealing pulse of 1500 degrees C was applied, AlN-encapsulated GaN surfaces exhibited morphology change due to surface rearrangement. No reaction occurred between the GaN and AlN, preventing the complete removal of AlN. AZ400K was found to completely etch AlN without damaging the underlying GaN film, thus enabling plasma-free processing of power and optoelectronic devices. (C) 2015 The Japan Society of Applied Physics C1 [Greenlee, Jordan D.] US Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Anderson, Travis J.; Feigelson, Boris N.; Koehler, Andrew D.; Hobart, Karl D.; Kub, Francis J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Greenlee, JD (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jordan.greenlee.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This research was performed while J. D. Greenlee held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory. Research at NRL was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 16 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1882-0778 EI 1882-0786 J9 APPL PHYS EXPRESS JI Appl. Phys. Express PD MAR PY 2015 VL 8 IS 3 AR 036501 DI 10.7567/APEX.8.036501 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CF0GI UT WOS:000352220700028 ER PT J AU Apte, A Heidtke, C Salmeron, J AF Apte, Aruna Heidtke, Curtis Salmeron, Javier TI Casualty Collection Points Optimization: A Study for the District of Columbia SO INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE casualty collection point; mixed-integer optimization; disaster relief ID FACILITY LOCATION; SWITCHING CENTERS; GRAPH AB A casualty collection point (CCP) is a single, predetermined location that is organized, staffed, and equipped to provide decontamination (if required), emergency medical assessment, treatment, and, where necessary, onward transportation of victims of a mass casualty incident. Emergency planners in the District of Columbia have recognized the desirability of developing a tool to assist planners in selecting CCPs within the affected area following a major incident. We develop a CCP optimization model (CCPOM) that provides planners and policymakers with strategic and operational insights into the complex problem of selecting optimal CCP locations to maximize casualty throughput for a range of incident parameters. Even more relevant, the CCPOM determines the utilization of personnel, decontamination units, and ambulances, providing planners with a general structure for resource allocation and signaling shortfalls that may lead to bottlenecks in casualty processing at the CCPs. District planners found many nonintuitive CCPOM results to be significant to their planning, programming, and budgeting efforts, and now consider the model's categorized resource utilization to be an integral part in updating District plans for both national special security event planning and everyday events. C1 [Apte, Aruna] Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Heidtke, Curtis] Naval Postgrad Sch, Off Counsel, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Salmeron, Javier] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Apte, A (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM auapte@nps.edu; cheidtke@nps.edu; jsalmero@nps.edu NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU INFORMS PI CATONSVILLE PA 5521 RESEARCH PARK DR, SUITE 200, CATONSVILLE, MD 21228 USA SN 0092-2102 EI 1526-551X J9 INTERFACES JI Interfaces PD MAR-APR PY 2015 VL 45 IS 2 BP 149 EP 165 DI 10.1287/inte.2014.0757 PG 17 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA CF1PC UT WOS:000352318100003 ER PT J AU Brown, GG DeGrange, WC Dell, RF Fricker, RD AF Brown, Gerald G. DeGrange, Walter C. Dell, Robert F. Fricker, Ronald D., Jr. TI ASP, Art and Science of Practice: Educating Military Operations Research Practitioners SO INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE communications; OR/MS education: professional; personnel: military; OR/MS implementation: professional ID INFORMS PRACTICE LITERATURE; UNIVERSITIES CONTRIBUTIONS; ROTHKOPF RANKINGS AB The 2013 UPS George D. Smith Prize was awarded to the Naval Postgraduate School's (NPS) Operations Research (OR) department for "effective and innovative preparation of students to be good practitioners of operations research, management science, or analytics." In the spirit of the prize, this paper shares details about our degree program. The program is closely linked to its military sponsor, the United States Department of Defense, in a unique relationship that ensures NPS students and faculty are focused on critical and important problems facing the military. Our students bring firsthand knowledge of the challenges our organization faces, and leave our academic program as OR practitioners prepared to immediately meet those challenges. C1 [Brown, Gerald G.; DeGrange, Walter C.; Dell, Robert F.; Fricker, Ronald D., Jr.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Brown, GG (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM gbrown@nps.edu; wcdegran@nps.edu; dell@nps.edu; rdfricke@nps.edu OI DeGrange, Walter/0000-0003-1570-3035 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU INFORMS PI CATONSVILLE PA 5521 RESEARCH PARK DR, SUITE 200, CATONSVILLE, MD 21228 USA SN 0092-2102 EI 1526-551X J9 INTERFACES JI Interfaces PD MAR-APR PY 2015 VL 45 IS 2 BP 175 EP 186 DI 10.1287/inte.2014.0780 PG 12 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA CF1PC UT WOS:000352318100005 ER PT J AU Plischuk, S Sanscrainte, ND Becnel, JJ Estep, AS Lange, CE AF Plischuk, Santiago Sanscrainte, Neil D. Becnel, James J. Estep, Alden S. Lange, Carlos E. TI Tubulinosema pampeana sp n. (Microsporidia, Tubulinosematidae), a pathogen of the South American bumble bee Bombus atratus SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Argentina; Bee health; Cyst-like bodies; Nosema; Pampas region; Pollinator ID NOSEMA-BOMBI; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; APIS-MELLIFERA; HONEY-BEE; PARASITE; HYMENOPTERA; APIDAE; CERANAE; RATISBONENSIS; PERFORMANCE AB An undescribed microsporidium was detected and isolated from the South American bumble bee Bombus atratus collected in the Pampas region of Argentina. Infection intensity in workers averaged 8.2 x 10(7) spores/bee. The main site of infection was adipose tissue where hypertrophy of adipocytes resulted in cyst-like body formation. Mature spores were ovoid and monomorphic. They measured 4.00 mu m x 2.37 mu m (fresh) or 3.98 mu m x 1.88 mu m (fixed). All stages were diplokariotic and developed in direct contact with host cytoplasm. Isofilar polar filament was arranged in 16 coils in one or, posteriorly, two layers. Coiling angle was variable, between perpendicular and almost parallel to major spore axis. Late meronts and sporogonial stages were surrounded by vesicles of approximately 60 nm in diameter. Based on both new and already designed primers, a 1827 bp (SSUrRNA, ITS, LSUrRNA) sequence was obtained. Data analyses suggest that this microsporidium is a new species of the genus Tubulinosema. The name Tubulinosema pampeana sp. n. is proposed. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Plischuk, Santiago; Lange, Carlos E.] UNLP, CCT La Plata CONICET, Ctr Estudios Parasitol & Vectores CEPAVE, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Sanscrainte, Neil D.; Becnel, James J.; Estep, Alden S.] ARS, CMAVE, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. [Estep, Alden S.] Navy Entomol Ctr Excellence, Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Lange, Carlos E.] CIC, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Plischuk, S (reprint author), Ctr Estudios Parasitol & Vectores CEPAVE, Blvd 120 E-60 & 64, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FU USDA - ARS; CICPBA; CONICET [4754/12]; FONCyT [PICT 2012-0851, PICT 2012-0199] FX Authors are grateful to Susan Bjornson, Cory Stanley-Stahr, Mariano Higes, Lee lien Solter and two anonymous reviewers. SP also acknowledges IDEA WILD. This study was supported by USDA - ARS, CICPBA, CONICET (Fin. Res. 4754/12), and FONCyT (PICT 2012-0851 and PICT 2012-0199). NR 45 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 EI 1096-0805 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 126 BP 31 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2015.01.006 PG 12 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF6NL UT WOS:000352673300005 PM 25637516 ER PT J AU Felts, JR Oyer, AJ Hernandez, SC Whitener, KE Robinson, JT Walton, SG Sheehan, PE AF Felts, Jonathan R. Oyer, Andrew J. Hernandez, Sandra C. Whitener, Keith E., Jr. Robinson, Jeremy T. Walton, Scott G. Sheehan, Paul E. TI Direct mechanochemical cleavage of functional groups from graphene SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPE; FRICTION COEFFICIENT; NANOSCALE; CARBON; REDUCTION; FILMS; OXIDE; HYDROGENATION; SPECTROSCOPY; LITHOGRAPHY AB Mechanical stress can drive chemical reactions and is unique in that the reaction product can depend on both the magnitude and the direction of the applied force. Indeed, this directionality can drive chemical reactions impossible through conventional means. However, unlike heat-or pressure-driven reactions, mechanical stress is rarely applied isometrically, obscuring how mechanical inputs relate to the force applied to the bond. Here we report an atomic force microscope technique that can measure mechanically induced bond scission on graphene in real time with sensitivity to atomic-scale interactions. Quantitative measurements of the stress-driven reaction dynamics show that the reaction rate depends both on the bond being broken and on the tip material. Oxygen cleaves from graphene more readily than fluorine, which in turn cleaves more readily than hydrogen. The technique may be extended to study the mechanochemistry of any arbitrary combination of tip material, chemical group and substrate. C1 [Felts, Jonathan R.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Oyer, Andrew J.; Whitener, Keith E., Jr.] US Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hernandez, Sandra C.; Walton, Scott G.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Robinson, Jeremy T.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sheehan, Paul E.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Felts, JR (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM jonathan.felts@tamu.edu; paul.sheehan@nrl.navy.mil RI Sheehan, Paul/B-4793-2010 OI Sheehan, Paul/0000-0003-2668-4124 FU Naval Research Laboratory Nanoscale Science Institute; Naval Research Laboratory Base Program; Office of Naval Research [N0001412WX21684]; National Research Council fellowship FX This work has been supported by the Naval Research Laboratory Nanoscale Science Institute, the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program, and by the Office of Naval Research (N0001412WX21684). J.R.F., A.J.O. and K.E.W. were supported by a National Research Council fellowship. We thank Kathy Wahl for insight into the observed contamination layer. NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 17 U2 77 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 6 AR 6467 DI 10.1038/ncomms7467 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CF6WJ UT WOS:000352697100008 PM 25739513 ER PT J AU Poutous, MK Major, KJ Ewing, KJ Sanghera, J Aggarwal, I AF Poutous, Menelaos K. Major, Kevin J. Ewing, Kenneth J. Sanghera, Jas Aggarwal, Ishwar TI Comparative Discrimination Spectral Detection Method for the Identification of Vapors Using Overlapping Broad Spectral Filters SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Filter photometry; IR spectroscopy; Infrared spectroscopy; Comparative discrimination spectral detection; Overlapping spectral absorption signal; Broad spectral filters AB We present a comparative discrimination spectral detection approach for the identification of chemical vapors using broad spectral filters. We applied the method to flowing vapors of as-received and non-interacting mixtures for the detection of the volatile components of a target chemical in the presence of interferents. The method is based on measurements of the overall spectral signature of the vapors, where the interferent spectrum largely overlaps the target spectrum. In this work we outline the construction of a set of abstract configuration-space vectors, generated by the broadband spectral components from sampled chemical vapors, and the subsequent vector-space operations between them, which enable the detection of a target chemical by comparative discrimination from interferents. The method was applied to the C-H vibrational band from 2500 to 3500 cm(-1), where there is large spectral signal overlap between the chosen target chemical and two interferents. Our results show clear detection and distinction of the target vapors without ambiguity. C1 [Poutous, Menelaos K.; Major, Kevin J.; Aggarwal, Ishwar] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Opt Sci, Charlotte, NC 28226 USA. [Ewing, Kenneth J.; Sanghera, Jas] Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Poutous, MK (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Opt Sci, 9201 Univ City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28226 USA. EM mpoutous@uncc.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N000141310208] FX This research was supported by a grant from the Office of Naval Research (ONR Award Number: N000141310208). NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0003-7028 EI 1943-3530 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 69 IS 3 BP 305 EP 313 DI 10.1366/14-07562 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA CE6XT UT WOS:000351982200001 PM 25665186 ER PT J AU Harris, E McNamara, P Durso, R AF Harris, Erica McNamara, Patrick Durso, Raymon TI Novelty Seeking in Patients with Right-Versus Left-Onset Parkinson Disease SO COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Parkinson disease; Temperament and Character Inventory; novelty seeking; dopamine; impulsivity ID ANXIETY STRESS SCALES; MOTOR SYMPTOM ONSET; PERSONALITY-TRAITS; NORMATIVE DATA; RATING-SCALE; ASYMMETRY; SIDE; DEPRESSION; QUESTIONNAIRE; IMPULSIVITY AB Objective and Background: In patients with Parkinson disease, the personality trait "novelty seeking" has been linked to higher-than-normal risk for impulse control disorders. We measured novelty seeking to test whether side of onset of Parkinson disease predicted patients' risk for impulsivity. Methods: We evaluated 38 patients with Parkinson disease (19 right onset, 19 left onset) and 44 community-dwelling neuro-typical controls. All participants completed demographic and mood measures and the Temperament and Character Inventory personality questionnaire. The right-and left-onset groups were nearly the same in background and clinical variables, including use of dopamine agonists. Results: The patients with right-onset disease exhibited significantly higher levels of novelty seeking than the patients with left-onset disease. Conclusions: Our results suggest that patients with right-onset Parkinson disease who are taking dopamine agonists and who exhibit high novelty seeking are at greater risk for developing impulse control disorders than are patients with left onset who are also taking dopamine agonists. C1 [Harris, Erica] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [McNamara, Patrick; Durso, Raymon] Boston Univ Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [McNamara, Patrick; Durso, Raymon] Vet Affairs Boston Healthcare Syst, Boston, MA USA. [McNamara, Patrick] Northcentral Univ, Grad Sch, Prescott Valley, AZ USA. RP Harris, E (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Hlth & Behav Sci 163, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM uva2bu@gmail.com FU Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, US Department of Veterans Affairs FX Supported in part by the Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, US Department of Veterans Affairs. NR 55 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1543-3633 EI 1543-3641 J9 COGN BEHAV NEUROL JI Cogn. Behav. Neurol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 28 IS 1 BP 11 EP 16 PG 6 WC Behavioral Sciences; Clinical Neurology SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology GA CE5NI UT WOS:000351882000002 PM 25812126 ER PT J AU Michael, JB AF Michael, James Bret TI Trusted Computing: An Elusive Goal SO COMPUTER LA English DT Editorial Material AB Recent high-profile cyberattacks such as the massive data leak at Sony leave us wondering where such lack of trustworthiness will take us. The answer, of course, is nowhere we want to go. C1 [Michael, James Bret] Naval Postgrad Sch, Comp Sci & Elect Dept, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Michael, James Bret] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Engn, Monterey, CA USA. RP Michael, JB (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Comp Sci & Elect Dept, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM bmichael@nps.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9162 EI 1558-0814 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD MAR PY 2015 VL 48 IS 3 BP 99 EP 101 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA CE3UN UT WOS:000351755000026 ER PT J AU Nguyen, GD Kompella, S Wieselthier, JE Ephremides, A AF Nguyen, Gam D. Kompella, Sastry Wieselthier, Jeffrey E. Ephremides, Anthony TI Simultaneous Schedule-Based Transmission by Primary and Secondary Users for Heavy-Traffic Cognitive Radio Networks SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cognitive radio network; heavy-traffic model; interference; signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR); spectrum sharing; threshold; transmission schedules AB We develop cognitive radio networking methods for a heavy-traffic model in which the channel is always occupied by primary users. This contrasts with the interference-avoidance approach for the non-heavy-traffic model, in which primary users have idle times, and secondary users are allowed to use the channel at those idle times. We use an "underlay" approach to cognitive radio networking by allowing secondary users to share the channel with simultaneously transmitting primary users. Thus, secondary users can degrade the performance of primary users, and our goal is to ensure that the level of performance degradation is acceptable. This is accomplished by scheduling and coordinating the transmissions among users, as well as providing a safeguard for controlling the level of additional interference caused by transmissions from secondary users. We show that our methods can provide additional throughput for secondary users, while maintaining the performance of primary users at the specified level. C1 [Nguyen, Gam D.; Kompella, Sastry] Naval Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wieselthier, Jeffrey E.] Wieselthier Res, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA. [Ephremides, Anthony] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Nguyen, GD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gam.nguyen@nrl.navy.mil; sastry.kompella@nrl.navy.mil; jeff@wieselthier.com; etony@umd.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX Manuscript received May 1, 2013; revised October 18, 2013 and March 10, 2014; accepted April 26, 2014. Date of publication May 30, 2014; date of current version March 10, 2015. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The review of this paper was coordinated by Prof. J. Tang. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9545 EI 1939-9359 J9 IEEE T VEH TECHNOL JI IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 64 IS 3 BP 1132 EP 1142 DI 10.1109/TVT.2014.2327477 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Telecommunications; Transportation GA CD9ZC UT WOS:000351459600023 ER PT J AU Kang, JS Arute, F Yoel, D Littlefield, JE Harris, T AF Kang, Jin S. Arute, Frank Yoel, David Littlefield, John E. Harris, Thomas TI Combined Environment Testing on a Nanosatellite SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article AB In the real world launch environment, acceleration, vibration, and shock loads are applied simultaneously, but the systems on the ground cannot be tested to combined load profiles using the traditional methods. By providing more realistic combined load profiles, integrated testing has the potential to significantly reduce mission risk and cost. The objective of the research is to demonstrate the capability and also to show the effects of integrated acceleration and vibration testing where the payload response frequency and modes are modified due to the combined loading conditions. This was done using a state-of-the-art centrifuge at the National Aerospace Training and Research Center to subject payloads to the synergistic effects of combined environments. The project expands on the original design and employs modeling and simulation, a larger shaker, a CubeSat-class satellite payload, increased instrumentation, and a series of combined environments tests with multi-axis loads. The test results showed that a shift in response frequency occurs when the payload is subjected to a combined loading environment, which cannot be observed by traditional testing methods. Being able to more closely simulate the launch environment may result in a reduction of required safety margins, together with schedule and risk reduction, resulting in major cost savings. C1 [Kang, Jin S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Arute, Frank] Boeing Satellite Syst, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. [Yoel, David; Littlefield, John E.] Amer Aerosp Advisors Inc, Radnor, PA 19087 USA. [Harris, Thomas] Valley Forge Sci LLC, Berwyn, PA 19312 USA. RP Kang, JS (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, 590 Holloway Rd,Mail Stop 11B, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. FU NASA [(NNX12CG26P] FX This work was supported by NASA under a Phase I Small Business Technology Transfer contract (NNX12CG26P) issued to American Aerospace Advisors, Inc. The work was performed together by American Aerospace Advisors, Inc., Drexel University, and the NASTAR Center. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0022-4650 EI 1533-6794 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD MAR PY 2015 VL 52 IS 2 BP 462 EP 469 DI 10.2514/1.A32646 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA CE2CS UT WOS:000351621400015 ER PT J AU Kambour, KE Kouhestani, C McMarr, P Hughes, HL Steinke, DR Devine, RAB AF Kambour, Kenneth E. Kouhestani, Camron McMarr, Patrick Hughes, Harold L. Steinke, Daniel R. Devine, Roderick A. B. TI Negative bias temperature instability threshold voltage shift turnaround in SiGe channel MOSFETs SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article AB Negative bias temperature instability (NBTI) has been measured at various temperatures in high-k gate insulator MOSFETs with buried Si0.65Ge0.35 channels and with regular Si surface channels. Previous studies on both surface channel Si devices and Si1-xGex buried channel devices provide evidence for net positive charge trapping as a function of electrical stressing time albeit reduced for the case of Si1-xGex compared to the Si case. In our case, for buried Si0.65Ge0.35, the authors find initial negative charge trapping followed by positive charge trapping at longer times, typically >10(-1) s. The effect is accentuated at higher temperatures and yields a turnaround in the measured threshold voltage shift as a function of stress time. Closer examination of NBTI in high-k gate, Si surface devices stressed at room temperature and 90 degrees C suggests both electron and hole trapping may be present there although the majority effect is hole trapping. (C) 2015 American Vacuum Society. C1 [Kambour, Kenneth E.] Leidos, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Kouhestani, Camron] COSMIAC, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [McMarr, Patrick] Sotera Def Solut, Mclean, VA USA. [Steinke, Daniel R.] SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Devine, Roderick A. B.] Think Strategically, Albuquerque, NM 87111 USA. [Hughes, Harold L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kambour, KE (reprint author), Leidos, 2109 Airpk RD SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM Kenneth.E.Kambour@leidos.com FU U.S. Air Force - United States Air Force Materiel Command, Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB [FA9453-08-C-0245]; Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) [FA9453-08-2-0259]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency through MIPR HDTRA [1411931] FX The work performed by K. E. Kambour was supported by the U.S. Air Force under Contract FA9453-08-C-0245 sponsored, monitored, and managed by: United States Air Force Materiel Command, Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117-5776. C. Kouhestani is with COSMIAC Kirtland, AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA. This material is based on research sponsored by Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) under Agreement No. FA9453-08-2-0259. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. The work performed by H. Hughes, P. McMarr, and D. Steinke was sponsored by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency through MIPR HDTRA 1411931. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAR PY 2015 VL 33 IS 2 AR UNSP 022201 DI 10.1116/1.4907416 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA CE3TF UT WOS:000351751100041 ER PT J AU Agarwal, R Domowicz, MS Schwartz, NB Henry, J Medintz, I Delehanty, JB Stewart, MH Susumu, K Huston, AL Deschamps, JR Dawson, PE Palomo, V Dawson, G AF Agarwal, Rishabh Domowicz, Miriam S. Schwartz, Nancy B. Henry, Judy Medintz, Igor Delehanty, James B. Stewart, Michael H. Susumu, Kimihiro Huston, Alan L. Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Dawson, Philip E. Palomo, Valle Dawson, Glyn TI Delivery and Tracking of Quantum Dot Peptide Bioconjugates in an Intact Developing Avian Brain SO ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Nanoparticles; zwitterion; quantum dots; peptidyl delivery; normal embryonic chick brain development; choroid plexus ID BIOCOMPATIBLE SEMICONDUCTOR; ZWITTERIONIC LIGANDS; OPTIC TECTUM; MOUSE-BRAIN; SPINAL-CORD; PROTEIN; CELLS; BINDING; NANOPARTICLES; NEUROGENESIS AB Luminescent semiconductor similar to 9.5 nm nanopartides (quantum dots: QDs) have intrinsic physiochemical and optical properties which enable us to begin to understand the mechanisms of nanopartide mediated chemical/drug delivery. Here, we demonstrate the ability of CdSe/ZnS core/shell QDs surface functionalized with a zwitterionic compact ligand to deliver a cell-penetrating lipopeptide to the developing chick embryo brain without any apparent toxicity. Functionalized QDs were conjugated to the palmitoylated peptide WGDap-(Palmitoyl)VKIKKP9GGH6, previously shown to uniquely facilitate endosomal escape, and microinjected into the embryonic chick spinal cord canal at embryo day 4 (E4). We were subsequently able to follow the labeling of spinal cord extension into the ventricles, migratory neuroblasts, maturing brain cells, and complex structures such as the choroid plexus. QD intensity extended throughout the brain, and peaked between E8 and E1 when fluorescence was concentrated in the choroid plexus before declining to hatching (E21/P0). We observed no abnormalities in embryonic patterning or embryo survival, and mRNA in situ hybridization confirmed that, at key developmental stages, the expression pattern of genes associated with different brain cell types (brain lipid binding protein, Sox-2, proteolipid protein and Class III-beta-Tubulin) all showed a normal labeling pattern and intensity. Our findings suggest that we can use chemically modified QDs to identify and track neural stem cells as they migrate, that the choroid plexus dears these injected QDs/nanoparticles from the brain after E15, and that they can deliver drugs and peptides to the developing brain. C1 [Agarwal, Rishabh; Dawson, Glyn] Univ Chicago, Comm Neurobiol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Domowicz, Miriam S.; Schwartz, Nancy B.; Henry, Judy] Univ Chicago, Dept Pediat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Medintz, Igor; Delehanty, James B.; Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stewart, Michael H.; Susumu, Kimihiro; Huston, Alan L.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dawson, Philip E.; Palomo, Valle] Scripps Res Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Dawson, Glyn] Univ Chicago, Dept Pediat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Dawson, Glyn] Univ Chicago, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Dawson, G (reprint author), 5841 S Maryland Ave,MC5058, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM dawg@uchicago.edu RI Palomo Ruiz, Maria del Valle/N-2932-2016; OI Palomo Ruiz, Maria del Valle/0000-0002-1473-4086; Domowicz, Miriam/0000-0001-7860-4427 FU USPHS [NS36866-38, GM-098871]; Children Brain Disease Foundation; NRL; NRL NSI; ONR; DARPA; DTRA JSTO [MIPR B112582M]; Ramon Areces foundation; [P50]; [HD09402] FX This work was supported by USPHS [Grant number NS36866-38 (to G.D.)] and P50 Grant [Grant Number HD09402 (to G.D. N.B.S., and M.S.D.)], as well as the Children Brain Disease Foundation to G.D. I.M. and A.L.H. were supported by NRL, the NRL NSI, ONR, DARPA and DTRA JSTO [MIPR B112582M]. P.E.D. was supported by GM-098871 from the USPHS, and V.P. acknowledges the Ramon Areces foundation for financial support. NR 55 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 45 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1948-7193 J9 ACS CHEM NEUROSCI JI ACS Chem. Neurosci. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 6 IS 3 BP 494 EP 504 DI 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00022 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Neurosciences & Neurology GA CD9LN UT WOS:000351419900018 PM 25688887 ER PT J AU Clarke, JR Moon, RE Chimiak, JM Stinton, R Van Hoesen, KB Lang, MA AF Clarke, J. R. Moon, R. E. Chimiak, J. M. Stinton, R. Van Hoesen, K. B. Lang, M. A. TI Don't dive cold when you don't have to SO DIVING AND HYPERBARIC MEDICINE LA English DT Letter DE Hypothermia; decompression sickness; letters (to the Editor) C1 [Clarke, J. R.] US Navy Expt Diving Unit, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. [Moon, R. E.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. [Chimiak, J. M.] Divers Alert Network, Durham, NC USA. [Stinton, R.] Diving Unltd Int Inc, San Diego, CA USA. [Van Hoesen, K. B.; Lang, M. A.] UC San Diego Emergency Med, San Diego, CA USA. [Lang, M. A.] OxyHeal Hlth Grp, National City, CA USA. RP Clarke, JR (reprint author), US Navy Expt Diving Unit, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. EM john.r.clarke@navy.mil NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOUTH PACIFIC UNDERWATER MED SOC PI MELBOURNE PA C/O AUSTRALIAN & NEW ZEALAND COLL ANAESTHETISTS, 630 ST KILDA RD, MELBOURNE, VIC 3004, AUSTRALIA SN 1833-3516 J9 DIVING HYPERB MED JI Diving Hyperb. Med. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 45 IS 1 BP 62 EP 62 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CD7PM UT WOS:000351282900018 PM 25964043 ER PT J AU Coffin, RB Osburn, CL Plummer, RE Smith, JP Rose, PS Grabowski, KS AF Coffin, Richard B. Osburn, Christopher L. Plummer, Rebecca E. Smith, Joseph P. Rose, Paula S. Grabowski, Kenneth S. TI Deep Sediment-Sourced Methane Contribution to Shallow Sediment Organic Carbon: Atwater Valley, Texas-Louisiana Shelf, Gulf of Mexico SO ENERGIES LA English DT Article ID ANOXIC MARINE SEDIMENT; ANAEROBIC OXIDATION; MISSISSIPPI CANYON; GAS HYDRATE; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; REDUCING BACTERIA; ATCHAFALAYA RIVER; COASTAL SEDIMENTS; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; SULFATE REDUCTION AB Coastal methane hydrate deposits are globally abundant. There is a need to understand the deep sediment sourced methane energy contribution to shallow sediment carbon relative to terrestrial sources and phytoplankton. Shallow sediment and porewater samples were collected from Atwater Valley, Texas-Louisiana Shelf, Gulf of Mexico near a seafloor mound feature identified in geophysical surveys as an elevated bottom seismic reflection. Geochemical data revealed off-mound methane diffusion and active fluid advection on-mound. Gas composition (average methane/ethane ratio similar to 11,000) and isotope ratios of methane on the mound (average delta C-13(CH4(g)) = -71.2 parts per thousand; Delta C-14(CH4(g)) = -961 parts per thousand) indicate a deep sediment, microbial source. Depleted sediment organic carbon values on mound (delta C-13(SOC) = -25.8 parts per thousand; Delta C-14(SOC) = -930 parts per thousand) relative to off-mound (delta C-13(SOC) = -22.5 parts per thousand; Delta C-14(SOC) = -629 parts per thousand) suggest deep sourced ancient carbon is incorporated into shallow sediment organic matter. Porewater and sediment data indicate inorganic carbon fixed during anaerobic oxidation of methane is a dominant contributor to on-mound shallow sediment organic carbon cycling. A simple stable carbon isotope mass balance suggests carbon fixation of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) associated with anaerobic oxidation of hydrate-sourced CH4 contributes up to 85% of shallow sediment organic carbon. C1 [Coffin, Richard B.; Rose, Paula S.; Grabowski, Kenneth S.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Osburn, Christopher L.] N Carolina State Univ, Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Plummer, Rebecca E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Smith, Joseph P.] US Naval Acad, Dept Oceanog, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Coffin, RB (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. EM richard.coffin@tamucc.edu; closburn@ncsu.edu; rplummer@umd.edu; jpsmith@usna.edu; paula.rose@tamucc.edu; kenneth.grabowski@nrl.navy.mil OI Osburn, Christopher/0000-0002-9334-4202 FU Department of Energy-National Energy Technology Laboratory, Office of Naval Research; US Naval Research Laboratory FX Warren Wood, NRL-Stennis Space Center, MS provided seismic profiles and seafloor topography. Ross Downer, Milbar Hydo-Test, Inc. (Shreveport, LA, USA) was lead for all coring operations. We appreciate the technical discussions and reviews of this manuscript from Paula Rose, Jeff Chanton, Thomas Boyd, and Leila Hamdan. David Knies contributed to radiocarbon analyses. We also appreciate the support by the crew of the RV Gyre. Finally, reviewers of this manuscript have provided excellent input to research and the presentation. This research was supported by Department of Energy-National Energy Technology Laboratory, Office of Naval Research and the US Naval Research Laboratory. NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 27 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1996-1073 J9 ENERGIES JI Energies PD MAR PY 2015 VL 8 IS 3 BP 1561 EP 1583 DI 10.3390/en8031561 PG 23 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA CE6JF UT WOS:000351942000002 ER PT J AU Severinghaus, R Tummala, M McEachen, J AF Severinghaus, Robert Tummala, Murali McEachen, John TI Networks for Maintaining System-Level Availability for an Exploring Robot SO IEEE SYSTEMS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Cooperative communications; multihop; network availability; propagation loss; robot exploration ID WIRELESS NETWORKS; PATH LOSS; EXPLORATION; CONNECTIVITY; DEPLOYMENT; DIVERSITY; AWARENESS; SEARCH; RESCUE; MODELS AB In this paper, we provide an analysis of fixed-position communication nodes in a network for maintaining availability during robot exploration of unknown environments. Based on realistic wireless propagation models in different environments, the communication path loss as the robot moves is characterized. The nodes are then described, and we discuss a simple scalable policy for their deployment. The resulting network of multiple nodes reduces path loss to an acceptable threshold and has a tree structure. Considering the effect of shadowing, another policy is developed for node deployment that influences the system-level availability metric. We also demonstrate how this metric is influenced by exploration strategies and communication routing policies. C1 [Severinghaus, Robert; Tummala, Murali; McEachen, John] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Severinghaus, R (reprint author), Tank & Automot Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Warren, MI 48397 USA. EM robert.n.severinghaus.civ@mail.mil; mtummala@nps.edu; mceachen@nps.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1932-8184 EI 1937-9234 J9 IEEE SYST J JI IEEE Syst. J. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 BP 98 EP 106 DI 10.1109/JSYST.2013.2284711 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Telecommunications GA CD4SV UT WOS:000351075000011 ER PT J AU Henderson, DR AF Henderson, David R. TI A Philosophical Economist's Case against a Government-Guaranteed Basic Income SO INDEPENDENT REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 [Henderson, David R.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Econ, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Henderson, David R.] Stanford Univ, Hoover Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Henderson, DR (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Econ, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 13 PU INDEPENDENT INST PI OAKLAND PA 100 SWAN WAY, OAKLAND, CA 94621 USA SN 1086-1653 J9 INDEP REV JI Indep. Rev. PD SPR PY 2015 VL 19 IS 4 BP 489 EP 502 PG 14 WC Economics; Political Science SC Business & Economics; Government & Law GA CD8ED UT WOS:000351327100002 ER PT J AU Testerman, M AF Testerman, Matthew TI Barriers to Peace in Civil War SO INTERNATIONAL STUDIES REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 [Testerman, Matthew] US Naval Acad, Dept Polit Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Testerman, M (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Polit Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1521-9488 EI 1468-2486 J9 INT STUD REV JI Int. Stud. Rev. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 17 IS 1 SI SI BP 126 EP 131 PG 6 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA CD9CA UT WOS:000351393000010 ER PT J AU Testerman, M AF Testerman, Matthew TI Strengthening Peace in Post-Civil War States: Transforming Spoilers into Stakeholders SO INTERNATIONAL STUDIES REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 [Testerman, Matthew] US Naval Acad, Dept Polit Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Testerman, M (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Polit Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1521-9488 EI 1468-2486 J9 INT STUD REV JI Int. Stud. Rev. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 17 IS 1 SI SI BP 126 EP 131 DI 10.1111/misr.12191 PG 6 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA CD9CA UT WOS:000351393000008 ER PT J AU Testerman, M AF Testerman, Matthew TI Why Peace Fails: The Causes and Prevention of Civil War Recurrence SO INTERNATIONAL STUDIES REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 [Testerman, Matthew] US Naval Acad, Dept Polit Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Testerman, M (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Polit Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1521-9488 EI 1468-2486 J9 INT STUD REV JI Int. Stud. Rev. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 17 IS 1 SI SI BP 126 EP 131 PG 6 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA CD9CA UT WOS:000351393000009 ER PT J AU Zhang, XF Han, GJ Li, D Wu, XR Li, W Chu, PC AF Zhang, Xuefeng Han, Guijun Li, Dong Wu, Xinrong Li, Wei Chu, Peter C. TI Variational Estimation of Wave-Affected Parameters in a Two-Equation Turbulence Model SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STRESS DRAG COEFFICIENT; LAYER THERMAL RESPONSE; OCEAN SURFACE-LAYER; WIND STRESS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; INITIAL CONDITIONS; DATA ASSIMILATION; ENERGY-BALANCE; BREAKING WAVES; CLOSURE-MODEL AB A variational method is used to estimate wave-affected parameters in a two-equation turbulence model with assimilation of temperature data into an ocean boundary layer model. Enhancement of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation due to breaking waves is considered. The Mellor-Yamada level 2.5 turbulence closure scheme (MY2.5) with the two uncertain wave-affected parameters (wave energy factor alpha and Charnock coefficient beta) is selected as the two-equation turbulence model for this study. Two types of experiments are conducted. First, within an identical synthetic experiment framework, the upper-layer temperature "observations" in summer generated by a "truth" model are assimilated into a biased simulation model to investigate if (alpha, beta) can be successfully estimated using the variational method. Second, real temperature profiles from Ocean Weather Station Papa are assimilated into the biased simulation model to obtain the optimal wave-affected parameters. With the optimally estimated parameters, the upper-layer temperature can be well predicted. Furthermore, the horizontal distribution of the wave-affected parameters employed in a high-order turbulence closure scheme can be estimated optimally by using the four-dimensional variational method that assimilates the upper-layer available temperature data into an ocean general circulation model. C1 [Zhang, Xuefeng; Han, Guijun; Li, Dong; Wu, Xinrong; Li, Wei] State Ocean Adm, Natl Marine Data & Informat Serv, Key Lab Marine Environm Informat Technol, Tianjin 300171, Peoples R China. [Chu, Peter C.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Naval Ocean Anal & Predict Lab, Monterey, CA USA. RP Zhang, XF (reprint author), State Ocean Adm, Natl Marine Data & Informat Serv, Key Lab Marine Environm Informat Technol, 93 Liuwei Rd, Tianjin 300171, Peoples R China. EM xfz_nmdis@126.com FU National Basic Research Program of China [2013CB430304]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41030854, 41106005, 41176003, 41206178]; Naval Oceanographic Office FX This research was jointly supported by grants from the National Basic Research Program of China (2013CB430304), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (under Grants 41030854, 41106005, 41176003, and 41206178). Peter C. Chu was supported by the Naval Oceanographic Office. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 EI 1520-0426 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 32 IS 3 BP 528 EP 546 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-14-00087.1 PG 19 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CD6WI UT WOS:000351230500010 ER PT J AU Simsek, FG Kwon, YW AF Simsek, Fatma Gulden Kwon, Young W. TI Investigation of material modeling in fluid-structure interaction analysis of an idealized three-layered abdominal aorta: aneurysm initiation and fully developed aneurysms SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Three-layered wall; Fluid-structure interaction; Abdominal aorta; Wall stresses and strains ID FINITE-ELEMENT-ANALYSIS; MECHANICAL WALL STRESS; CEREBRAL ANEURYSM; SPACE-TIME; INTRALUMINAL THROMBUS; RUPTURE RISK; FAILURE PROPERTIES; PULSATILE FLOW; BLOOD-FLOW; DYNAMICS AB Different material models for an idealized three-layered abdominal aorta are compared using computational techniques to study aneurysm initiation and fully developed aneurysms. The computational model includes fluid-structure interaction (FSI) between the blood vessel and the blood. In order to model aneurysm initiation, the medial region was degenerated to mimic the medial loss occurring in the inception of an aneurysm. Various cases are considered in order to understand their effects on the initiation of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The layers of the blood vessel were modeled using either linear elastic materials or Mooney-Rivlin (otherwise known as hyperelastic) type materials. The degenerated medial region was also modeled in either linear elastic or hyperelastic-type materials and assumed to be in the shape of an arc with a thin width or a circular ring with different widths. The blood viscosity effect was also considered in the initiation mechanism. In addition, dynamic analysis of the blood vessel was performed without interaction with the blood flow by applying time-dependent pressure inside the lumen in a three-layered abdominal aorta. The stresses, strains, and displacements were compared for a healthy aorta, an initiated aneurysm and a fully developed aneurysm. The study shows that the material modeling of the vessel has a sizable effect on aneurysm initiation and fully developed aneurysms. Different material modeling of degeneration regions also affects the stress-strain response of aneurysm initiation. Additionally, the structural analysis without considering FSI (called noFSI) overestimates the peak von Mises stress by 52% at the interfaces of the layers. C1 [Simsek, Fatma Gulden] Bogazici Univ, Inst Biomed Engn, Istanbul, Turkey. [Kwon, Young W.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Simsek, FG (reprint author), Bogazici Univ, Inst Biomed Engn, Istanbul, Turkey. EM fatma.temiz@boun.edu.tr; ywkwon@nps.edu NR 74 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0092-0606 EI 1573-0689 J9 J BIOL PHYS JI J. Biol. Phys. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 41 IS 2 BP 173 EP 201 DI 10.1007/s10867-014-9372-x PG 29 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA CE1BR UT WOS:000351547100004 PM 25624113 ER PT J AU MacMahan, J AF MacMahan, Jamie TI Low-Frequency Seiche in a Large Bay SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID INFRAGRAVITY WAVES; CONTINENTAL SHELF; FREE OSCILLATIONS; OCEAN WAVES; EXCITATION; ATMOSPHERE; EARTH AB Short-term observations of sea surface elevations eta along the 10-m isobath and long-term observations inside and outside of a large bay (Monterey Bay, CA) were obtained to describe the nodal structure of the modes 0-3 seiches within the bay and the low-frequency (<346 cpd) seiche forcing mechanism. The measured nodal pattern validates previous numerical estimates associated with a northern amplitude bias, though variability exists across the modal frequency band, particularly for modes 0 and 1. Low-frequency oceanic eta white noise within seiche frequency bands (24-69 cpd) provides a continuous resonant forcing of the bay seiche with a eta(2) (variance) amplification of 16-40 for the different modes. The temporal variation of the oceanic eta white noise is significantly correlated (R-2 = 0.86) at the 95% confidence interval with the bay seiche eta that varies seasonally. The oceanic eta white noise is hypothesized as being from low-frequency, free, infragravity waves that are forced by short waves. C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP MacMahan, J (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, 833 Dyer Rd,Bldg 232,Room 327c, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jhmacmah@nps.edu FU ONR [N0001414WX20353]; NSF [OCE-0926750]; NPS FX This work originated from the Littoral Field Studies class within the OC department at the NPS. Pressure sensors were obtained from an ONR DURIP (N0001409WR20268). JM was supported by ONR (N0001414WX20353), NSF (OCE-0926750), and NPS. Appreciation is extended to the OC Navy Officers, Keith Wyckoff, Paul Jessen, and Jenna Brown. Thanks to Ed Thornton, Edie Gallagher, and Larry Breaker for their discussion on the topic. I also thank the two reviewers for comments for improving this manuscript. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 EI 1520-0485 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 45 IS 3 BP 716 EP 723 DI 10.1175/JPO-D-14-0169.1 PG 8 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA CD3NG UT WOS:000350984900007 ER PT J AU Martin, JE Michael, T Carrica, PM AF Martin, J. Ezequiel Michael, Thad Carrica, Pablo M. TI Submarine Maneuvers Using Direct Overset Simulation of Appendages and Propeller and Coupled CFD/Potential Flow Propeller Solver SO JOURNAL OF SHIP RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE submarine maneuvering; computational ship hydrodynamics; overset grids; propeller flow ID PHASE LEVEL SET; SURFACE COMBATANT; COMPUTATIONS; GRIDS AB This article presents two approaches to simulate maneuvers of a model radio-controlled submarine. In the direct simulation approach, rudders, stern planes, and propellers are gridded and treated as moving objects using dynamic overset technology. The second approach couples the overset computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver and a potential flow propeller code, with both codes exchanging velocities at the propeller plane and wake, body forces, and propeller forces and moments, whereas rudders and stern planes are still explicitly resolved. It is shown that during the maneuvers, the range of advance coefficients does not deviate much from the design point, making a coupled approach a valid choice for standard maneuvering simulations. By allowing time steps about an order of magnitude larger than for the direct simulation approach, the coupled approach can run about five times faster. The drawback is a loss of resolution in the wake as the direct propeller simulation can resolve blade vortical structures. Open water propeller curves were simulated with both the direct propeller approach and the coupled approach, showing that the coupled approach can match the direct approach performance curves for a wide range of advance coefficients. Simulations of a horizontal overshoot maneuver at two approach speeds were performed, as well as vertical overshoot and controlled turn maneuvers at high speed. Results show that both CFD approaches can reproduce the experimental results for all parameters, with errors typically within 10%. C1 [Martin, J. Ezequiel; Carrica, Pablo M.] Univ Iowa, C Maxwell Stanley Hydraul Lab, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Michael, Thad] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD USA. RP Martin, JE (reprint author), Univ Iowa, C Maxwell Stanley Hydraul Lab, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. FU U.S. Office of Naval Research [N000141110232, N0001413AF00002] FX This research was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research under grants N000141110232 and N0001413AF00002, with Dr. Ki-Han Kim as the program manager. The computations were performed on Engineer Research and Development Center and Navy Department of Defense Supercomputing Resource Centers. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 14 PU SOC NAVAL ARCHITECTS MARINE ENGINEERS PI JERSEY CITY PA 601 PAVONIA AVENUE, JERSEY CITY, NJ 07306 USA SN 0022-4502 EI 1542-0604 J9 J SHIP RES JI J. Ship Res. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 59 IS 1 BP 31 EP 48 DI 10.5957/JOSR.59.1.140053 PG 18 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA CD4AO UT WOS:000351025200003 ER PT J AU Collins, MD AF Collins, Michael D. TI Treatment of ice cover and other thin elastic layers with the parabolic equation method SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-SCATTERING CORRECTION; WAVE-PROPAGATION; APPROXIMATIONS; INTERFACE; GUIDES AB The parabolic equation method is extended to handle problems involving ice cover and other thin elastic layers. Parabolic equation solutions are based on rational approximations that are designed using accuracy constraints to ensure that the propagating modes are handled properly and stability constrains to ensure that the non-propagating modes are annihilated. The non-propagating modes are especially problematic for problems involving thin elastic layers. It is demonstrated that stable results may be obtained for such problems by using rotated rational approximations [Milinazzo, Zala, and Brooke, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 101, 760-766 (1997)] and generalizations of these approximations. The approach is applied to problems involving ice cover with variable thickness and sediment layers that taper to zero thickness. C1 Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Collins, MD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 7160, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.collins@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 137 IS 3 BP 1557 EP 1563 DI 10.1121/1.4908220 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA CE1OR UT WOS:000351581800047 PM 25786966 ER PT J AU Fulcher, A Farooq, M Smith, ML Li, CX Scott, JM Thomson, E Kaufman, PE Xue, RD AF Fulcher, Ali Farooq, Muhammad Smith, Michael L. Li, Chun-Xiao Scott, Jodi M. Thomson, Emily Kaufman, Phillip E. Xue, Rui-De TI EVALUATION OF A NEW SPRAYING MACHINE FOR BARRIER TREATMENT AND PENETRATION OF BIFENTHRIN ON VEGETATION AGAINST MOSQUITOES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Mist spray machine; barrier treatment; bifenthrin; Aedes aegypti; vegetation ID ADULT AEDES-ALBOPICTUS; SCREENED FIELD CAGES; CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS; RESIDUAL EFFECTIVENESS; CONVENTIONAL SPRAYERS; PLANT FOLIAGE; EFFICACY; PERMETHRIN; INSECTICIDES; MALATHION AB The effectiveness and penetration of a novel, truck-mounted mist sprayer (3WC-30-4P provided by American LongRay) was evaluated with bifenthrin in a large, park-like setting with historic floodwater and woodland mosquito populations. Efficacy evaluations were determined through adult population collections and excised leaf bioassays. Trapping results showed a mean reduction of 77% in mosquito populations in the treated area for 5 sampling events up to 4 wk posttreatment. Leaf bioassays revealed an average mortality of 80% at 2.7 m and 51% at 5.5 m against laboratory-reared Aedes aegypti for 5 posttreatment samples. Leaves collected from the treated areas caused higher mortality at distances closer to the sprayer, though the distance and coverage of bifenthrin application was effective up to 5 m. C1 [Fulcher, Ali; Smith, Michael L.; Scott, Jodi M.; Thomson, Emily; Xue, Rui-De] Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist, St Augustine, FL 32080 USA. [Farooq, Muhammad] Naval Air Stn, Navy Entomol Ctr Excellence, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. [Li, Chun-Xiao] Inst Microbiol & Epidemiol, State Key Lab Pathogen & Biosecur, Dept Vector Biol & Control, Beijing 100071, Peoples R China. [Li, Chun-Xiao; Kaufman, Phillip E.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Xue, RD (reprint author), Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist, 500 Old Beach Rd, St Augustine, FL 32080 USA. OI Kaufman, Phillip/0000-0001-6159-8358 NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X EI 1943-6270 J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 31 IS 1 BP 85 EP 92 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CD8DZ UT WOS:000351326700011 PM 25843180 ER PT J AU Sessoms, PH Gottshall, KR Sturdy, J Viirre, E AF Sessoms, Pinata H. Gottshall, Kim R. Sturdy, Jordan Viirre, Erik TI Head Stabilization Measurements as a Potential Evaluation Tool for Comparison of Persons With TBI and Vestibular Dysfunction With Healthy Controls SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Military Health Systems Research Symposium (MHSRS) CY AUG 13-16, 2012 CL Fort Lauderdale, FL ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; TREADMILL WALKING; MOVEMENT CONTROL; LOCOMOTION; GAIT; STABILITY; TRUNK; REHABILITATION; INDIVIDUALS; DISORDERS AB A large percentage of persons with traumatic brain injury incur some type of vestibular dysfunction requiring vestibular physical therapy. These injuries may affect the natural ability to stabilize the head while walking. A simple method of utilizing motion capture equipment to measure head movement while walking was used to assess improvements in head stabilization of persons undergoing computerized vestibular physical therapy and virtual reality training for treatment of their vestibular problems. Movement data from the head and sacrum during gait were obtained over several visits and then analyzed to determine improved oscillatory head movement relative to the sacrum. The data suggest that, over time with treatment, head stabilization improves and moves toward a pattern similar to that of a healthy control population. This simple analysis of measuring head stability could be transferred to smaller, portable systems that are easily utilized to measure head stability during gait for use in gait assessment and physical therapy training. C1 [Sessoms, Pinata H.; Sturdy, Jordan] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Warfighter Performance Dept, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Gottshall, Kim R.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Phys Therapy Dept, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Viirre, Erik] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Sessoms, PH (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Warfighter Performance Dept, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. FU Bureau of Medicine and Surgery Wounded, Ill, and Injured grant R116 [60818] FX The authors would like to thank John-David Collins, Kathrine Service, Aaron Wolf, and LCDR Jose Dominguez for their contributions to this research study. This work was supported by the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery Wounded, Ill, and Injured grant R116 under work unit no. 60818. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 180 IS 3 SU S BP 135 EP 142 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00386 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA CD3OQ UT WOS:000350988500025 PM 25747644 ER PT J AU Sessoms, PH Gottshall, KR Collins, JD Markham, AE Service, KA Reini, SA AF Sessoms, Pinata H. Gottshall, Kim R. Collins, John-David Markham, Amanda E. Service, Kathrine A. Reini, Seth A. TI Improvements in Gait Speed and Weight Shift of Persons With Traumatic Brain Injury and Vestibular Dysfunction Using a Virtual Reality Computer-Assisted Rehabilitation Environment SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Military Health Systems Research Symposium (MHSRS) CY AUG 13-16, 2012 CL Fort Lauderdale, FL ID DISORDERS; BALANCE; HEAD AB Many people sustaining a traumatic brain injury experience vestibular pathology requiring physical therapy for treatment. This study measured improvements in gait speed and weight shift for subjects receiving vestibular physical therapy using a Computer-Assisted Rehabilitation Environment (CAREN). A 6-session CAREN, 6-session traditional vestibular therapy group was compared with a 12-session CAREN only (0 traditional sessions) therapy group. These two groups were compared to each other and with data from healthy controls performing similar tasks on the CAREN. Those participating in 12 CAREN sessions had greater improvements in gait speed (p = 0.014) and weight shift scores (p < 0.001) and demonstrated similar values achieved by a healthy control population. C1 [Sessoms, Pinata H.; Collins, John-David; Markham, Amanda E.; Service, Kathrine A.; Reini, Seth A.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Warfighter Performance Dept, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Gottshall, Kim R.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Phys Therapy Dept, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Sessoms, PH (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Warfighter Performance Dept, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. FU Bureau of Medicine and Surgery Wounded, Ill, and Injured grant R116 [60818] FX We thank Sarah E. Kruger from Walter Reed National Military Medical Center National Intrepid Center of Excellence for her initial work on establishing a scoring system for the boat-steering application, from which our scoring system is based. This work was supported by the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery Wounded, Ill, and Injured grant R116 under work unit no. 60818. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 11 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 180 IS 3 SU S BP 143 EP 149 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00385 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA CD3OQ UT WOS:000350988500026 PM 25747645 ER PT J AU Jaworski, RL Jensen, A Niederberger, B Congalton, R Kelly, KR AF Jaworski, Rebecca L. Jensen, Andrew Niederberger, Brenda Congalton, Robert Kelly, Karen R. TI Changes in Combat Task Performance Under Increasing Loads in Active Duty Marines SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Military Health Systems Research Symposium (MHSRS) CY AUG 13-16, 2012 CL Fort Lauderdale, FL ID BODY ARMOR; FEMALE HIKERS; BACKPACK LOAD; CARRIAGE; PAIN; FIREFIGHTERS; EQUIPMENT; RESPONSES; SOLDIERS; WORK AB U.S. Marines perform mission tasks under heavy loads which may compromise performance of combat tasks. However, data supporting this performance decrement are limited. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of load on performance of combat-related tasks. Methods: Subjects (N = 18) ran a modified Maneuver Under Fire ([MANUF], 300 yards [yd] total: two 25-yd sprints, 25-yd crawl, 75-yd casualty drag, 150-yd ammunition can carry, and grenade toss) portion of the U.S. Marine Corps Combat Fitness Test under 4 trial conditions: neat (no load), 15%, 30%, and 45% of body weight, with a shooting task pre-and post-trial. Results: There was a significant increase in total time to completion as a function of load (p < 0.0001) with a relationship between load and time (r = 0.592, p < 0.0001). Pre- to post-MANUF shot accuracy (p = 0.005) and precision (p < 0.0001) was reduced. Conclusion: Short aerobic performance is significantly impacted by increasing loads. Marksmanship is compromised as a function of fatigue and load. These data suggest that loads of 45% body weight increase time to cover distance and reduce the ability to precisely hit a target. C1 [Jaworski, Rebecca L.] Marine Corps Syst Command, Marine Expeditionary Rifle Squad, Quantico, VA 22134 USA. [Jensen, Andrew; Niederberger, Brenda; Congalton, Robert; Kelly, Karen R.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Warfighter Performance, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Jaworski, RL (reprint author), Marine Corps Syst Command, Marine Expeditionary Rifle Squad, 2200 Lester St, Quantico, VA 22134 USA. FU 1st Marine Expeditionary Force (I MEF) FX We thank 1st Marine Expeditionary Force (I MEF), especially Maj Mark Thrasher (I MEF G3 Training Officer) and Lt Col Thomas Freel (Operations Officer, 5th Marine Regiment), for approval and support of the project. We also thank the company commanders and Marines from 2nd Battalion, 4th Marines, for volunteering to participate in this study. This research was supported by the U. S. Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery Wounded, Ill, and Injured (W42) Program and the Marine Expeditionary Rifle Squad under Work Unit No. 61016. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 180 IS 3 SU S BP 179 EP 186 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00432 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA CD3OQ UT WOS:000350988500031 PM 25747650 ER PT J AU Keller, MW Han, PP Galarneau, MR Gaball, CW AF Keller, Matthew W. Han, Peggy P. Galarneau, Michael R. Gaball, Curtis W. TI Characteristics of Maxillofacial Injuries and Safety of In-Theater Facial Fracture Repair in Severe Combat Trauma SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OPERATION-IRAQI-FREEDOM; FRONTAL-SINUS FRACTURES; ENDURING FREEDOM; NECK TRAUMA; AFGHANISTAN; CASUALTIES; WAR; BATTLEFIELD; EXPERIENCE; PERSONNEL AB The study objectives were to characterize maxillofacial injuries and assess the safety of in-theater facial fracture repair in U.S. military personnel with severe combat trauma from Iraq and Afghanistan. We performed a retrospective chart review of the Expeditionary Medical Encounter Database from 2004 to 2010. 1,345 military personnel with combat-related maxillofacial injuries were identified. Injury severity was quantified with the Abbreviated Injury Scale and Injury Severity Score. Service members with maxillofacial injury and severe combat trauma (Injury Severity Score 3 16) were included. The distribution of facial fractures, types, and outcomes of surgical repairs, incidence of traumatic brain injury, concomitant head and neck injuries, burn rate/severity, and rates of Acinetobacter baumannii colonization and surgical site infection were analyzed. The prevalence of maxillofacial injury in the Expeditionary Medical Encounter Database was 22.7%. The most common mechanism of injury was improvised explosive device (65.7%). Midface trauma and facial burns were common. Approximately 64% of the study sample sustained traumatic brain injury. Overall, 45.6% (109/239) had at least one facial bone fracture. Of those with facial fractures, 64.2% (n = 70) underwent surgical repair. None of the service members who underwent in-theater facial fracture repair developed A. baumannii facial wound infection or implant extrusion. C1 [Keller, Matthew W.; Gaball, Curtis W.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Han, Peggy P.; Galarneau, Michael R.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Med Modeling Simulat & Mission Support Dept, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Keller, MW (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. FU U.S. Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery under the Wounded, III; Injured/Psychological Health/Traumatic Brain Injury Program [60808] FX Dr. Matthew Keller had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Mary Clouser critically revised the article for important intellectual content (Medical Modeling, Simulation, and Mission Support Department, Naval Health Research Center) and Amber Dougherty (Medical Modeling, Simulation, and Mission Support Department, Naval Health Research Center) performed scientific and technical editorial reviews of the article. This work was supported by the U.S. Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery under the Wounded, III, and Injured/Psychological Health/Traumatic Brain Injury Program under work unit no. 60808. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 180 IS 3 BP 315 EP 320 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00345 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA CD3OI UT WOS:000350987700018 PM 25735023 ER PT J AU Feinberg, JH Ryan, MAK Johns, M Marvin, BA Reading, JE White, MR AF Feinberg, Jeffrey H. Ryan, Margaret A. K. Johns, Michael Marvin, Blake A. Reading, James E. White, Martin R. TI Smoking Cessation and Improvement in Physical Performance Among Young Men SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CURRENT CIGARETTE-SMOKING; UNITED-STATES-ARMY; BODY-MASS INDEX; ADOLESCENT SMOKERS; WEIGHT-GAIN; TOBACCO USE; MILITARY PERSONNEL; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; PULMONARY-FUNCTION; FITNESS AB Tobacco use among young adults is a major public health challenge. Near-term benefits of cessation may motivate active young people to quit or avoid smoking. Military basic training includes mandatory tobacco cessation, as well as uniform physical conditioning regimes, creating an opportunity to evaluate changes in physical performance metrics in direct relation to smoking cessation. These analyses included data from all men who completed Marine Corps recruit training in San Diego, California, between 2002 and 2006. Recruits reported tobacco use and other health metrics on a pretraining survey. Initial and final aerobic run-times were recorded over the 3-month training period. Multivariable linear regression analyses assessed changes in run-speed relative to pre-enlistment smoking history. Among 52,419 young men included in analyses, 13,248 (25.3%) reported smoking before enlistment. Average run-speeds improved among all groups of recruits; however, improvement was greater among prior smokers compared to recruits with no history of smoking (average increase of 0.31 vs. 0.21 miles per hour) and statistically significant in multivariate analyses. Smoking cessation in this cohort of young men resulted in improved physical aerobic performance, independent of other behavioral health characteristics. These data may be useful in promoting and motivating smoking cessation among young, active adults. C1 [Feinberg, Jeffrey H.; Ryan, Margaret A. K.; Johns, Michael; Marvin, Blake A.] Naval Hosp Camp Pendleton, Camp Pendleton, CA 92055 USA. [Reading, James E.] Marine Corps Recruit Depot, San Diego, CA 92140 USA. [White, Martin R.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Feinberg, JH (reprint author), Naval Hosp Camp Pendleton, Bldg H200, Camp Pendleton, CA 92055 USA. FU Department of Defense under Naval Health Research Center [61133] FX We are indebted to both the participants and the Recruit Assessment Program support team at the Naval Health Research Center, especially Dr. Christopher Phillips, Dr. Nancy Crum-Cianflone, Lauren Kipp, Dennis Hernando, and Kartavya Vyas. This work was supported by the Department of Defense under Naval Health Research Center work unit 61133 and performed under institutional review board-approved protocol NHRC.2000.0003. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 180 IS 3 BP 343 EP 349 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00370 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA CD3OI UT WOS:000350987700022 PM 25735027 ER PT J AU Koch, KK Moran, TJ AF Koch, Krista K. Moran, Thomas J. TI Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: Trendelenberg Just May Be the Answer SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Spontaneous intracranial hypotension may share some characteristics with the more common causes of headaches such as migraines or tension headaches, but its diagnosis and treatment is much more laborious and invasive. Here, the case of a 31-year-old man with multiple weeks of positional headaches is described. This symptom persisted following multiple blood patches, and progressed to worsening mental status, encephalopathy, and eventually obtundation with Glascow Coma Score less than 8. Surgery was required; however, small improvement was seen on imaging or in the patient's status. When the patient's position was changed to 20 degrees of Trendelenberg, immediate improvement was seen, leading to a full recovery. Although epidural blood patch is considered the treatment mainstay for spontaneous intracranial hypotension, this case shows another factor to consider in the treatment of this difficult condition. C1 [Koch, Krista K.] Naval Aerosp Med Inst, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA. [Moran, Thomas J.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Koch, KK (reprint author), Naval Aerosp Med Inst, 340 Hulse Rd, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 180 IS 3 BP E369 EP E371 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00141 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA CD3OI UT WOS:000350987700002 PM 25735032 ER PT J AU Vaxenburg, R Rodina, A Shabaev, A Lifshitz, E Efros, AL AF Vaxenburg, Roman Rodina, Anna Shabaev, Andrew Lifshitz, Efrat Efros, Alexander L. TI Nonradiative Auger Recombination in Semiconductor Nanocrystals SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Auger recombination; CdSe; nanocrystal; quantum dot; trion; boundary conditions ID QUANTUM DOTS; OPTICAL GAIN; INTERMITTENCY; RELAXATION; DEPENDENCE; INTERFACE; EMISSION; MATRIX; RODS; WIRE AB We calculate the :rate nonradiative Auger recombination in negatively charged CdSe nanocrystals (NCs). The rate is nonmonotonic strongly oscillating with NC size, and sensitive to the NC surface. The oscillations result in nonexponential decay of carriers in NC ensembles. Using a standard single-exponential approximation of the decay dynamics, we determine the apparent site dependence of the Auger rate in an ensemble and,derive CdSe surface parameters consistent with the experimental dependence on size. C1 [Vaxenburg, Roman; Lifshitz, Efrat] Technion Israel Inst Technol, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Rodina, Anna] Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. [Shabaev, Andrew] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Efros, Alexander L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Efros, AL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM efros@nrl.navy.mil RI Vaxenburg, Roman/P-8190-2016 FU Israel Science Foundation [1009/07, 1425/04]; U.S.A.-Israel Binational Science Foundation [2006-225]; Israel Council for High Education - Focal Area Technology [872967]; Volkswagen Stiftung [88116]; Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute; Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion; Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics (CASP), an Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) - U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES); Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program FX The authors thank C. Stephen Hellberg for critical reading of the manuscript. R.V. and E.L. acknowledge the support of the Israel Science Foundation (Project No. 1009/07 and 1425/04), the U.S.A.-Israel Binational Science Foundation (No. 2006-225), the Israel Council for High Education - Focal Area Technology (No. 872967), the Volkswagen Stiftung, (No. 88116), Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, and Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion. A.S. acknowledges the support of the Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics (CASP), an Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES); A.L.E. acknowledges the financial support of the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program. NR 43 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 6 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 15 IS 3 BP 2092 EP 2098 DI 10.1021/nl504987h PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA CD6GQ UT WOS:000351188000099 PM 25693512 ER PT J AU Hollon, J Puppa, EL Greenwald, B Goldberg, E Guerrerio, A Fasano, A AF Hollon, Justin Puppa, Elaine Leonard Greenwald, Bruce Goldberg, Eric Guerrerio, Anthony Fasano, Alessio TI Effect of Gliadin on Permeability of Intestinal Biopsy Explants from Celiac Disease Patients and Patients with Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity SO NUTRIENTS LA English DT Article ID IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME; CLINICAL-RESPONSE; BARRIER FUNCTION; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; TIGHT JUNCTIONS; UNITED-STATES; FREE DIET; ZONULIN; INTERLEUKIN-10; INTOLERANCE AB Background: Intestinal exposure to gliadin leads to zonulin upregulation and consequent disassembly of intercellular tight junctions and increased intestinal permeability. We aimed to study response to gliadin exposure, in terms of barrier function and cytokine secretion, using intestinal biopsies obtained from four groups: celiac patients with active disease (ACD), celiac patients in remission (RCD), non-celiac patients with gluten sensitivity (GS) and non-celiac controls (NC). Methods: Ex-vivo human duodenal biopsies were mounted in microsnapwells and luminally incubated with either gliadin or media alone. Changes in transepithelial electrical resistance were monitored over 120 min. Media was subsequently collected and cytokines quantified. Results: Intestinal explants from all groups (ACD (n = 6), RCD (n = 6), GS (n = 6), and NC (n = 5)) demonstrated a greater increase in permeability when exposed to gliadin vs. media alone. The increase in permeability in the ACD group was greater than in the RCD and NC groups. There was a greater increase in permeability in the GS group compared to the RCD group. There was no difference in permeability between the ACD and GS groups, between the RCD and NC groups, or between the NC and GS groups. IL-10 was significantly greater in the media of the NC group compared to the RCD and GS groups. Conclusions: Increased intestinal permeability after gliadin exposure occurs in all individuals. Following gliadin exposure, both patients with gluten sensitivity and those with active celiac disease demonstrate a greater increase in intestinal permeability than celiacs in disease remission. A higher concentration of IL-10 was measured in the media exposed to control explants compared to celiac disease in remission or gluten sensitivity. C1 [Hollon, Justin] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Pediat Gastroenterol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Puppa, Elaine Leonard] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Greenwald, Bruce; Goldberg, Eric] Univ Maryland, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Guerrerio, Anthony] Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Pediat Gastroenterol & Nutr, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Fasano, Alessio] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Ctr Celiac Res, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Fasano, Alessio] Massachusetts Gen Hosp Children, Div Pediat Gastroenterol & Nutr, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Hollon, J (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Pediat Gastroenterol, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM justin.hollon@med.navy.mil; eleonard@peds.umaryland.edu; bgreenwa@medicine.umaryland.edu; egoldber@medicine.umaryland.edu; aguerrerio@jhmi.edu; afasano@partners.org NR 28 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 21 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6643 J9 NUTRIENTS JI Nutrients PD MAR PY 2015 VL 7 IS 3 BP 1565 EP 1576 DI 10.3390/nu7031565 PG 12 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA CE6EU UT WOS:000351930200007 PM 25734566 ER PT J AU Coelho, EF Hogan, P Jacobs, G Thoppil, P Huntley, HS Haus, BK Lipphardt, BL Kirwan, AD Ryan, EH Olascoaga, J Beron-Vera, F Poje, AC Griffa, A Ozgokmen, TM Mariano, AJ Novelli, G Haza, AC Bogucki, D Chen, SS Curcic, M Iskandarani, M Judt, F Laxague, N Reniers, AJHM Valle-Levinson, A Wei, M AF Coelho, Emanuel F. Hogan, P. Jacobs, G. Thoppil, P. Huntley, H. S. Haus, B. K. Lipphardt, B. L., Jr. Kirwan, A. D., Jr. Ryan, E. H. Olascoaga, J. Beron-Vera, F. Poje, A. C. Griffa, A. Oezgoekmen, T. M. Mariano, A. J. Novelli, G. Haza, A. C. Bogucki, D. Chen, S. S. Curcic, M. Iskandarani, M. Judt, F. Laxague, N. Reniers, A. J. H. M. Valle-Levinson, A. Wei, M. TI Ocean current estimation using a Multi-Model Ensemble Kalman Filter during the Grand Lagrangian Deployment experiment (GLAD) SO OCEAN MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Ocean modeling; Data assimilation; Ensemble forecasting; Ensemble Kalman Filter; Lagrangian observations; Ocean currents ID DATA ASSIMILATION; DRIFTER OBSERVATIONS AB In the summer and fall of 2012, during the GLAD experiment in the Gulf of Mexico, the Consortium for Advanced Research on Transport of Hydrocarbon in the Environment (CARTHE) used several ocean models to assist the deployment of more than 300 surface drifters. The Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) at 1 km and 3 km resolutions, the US Navy operational NCOM at 3 km resolution (AMSEAS), and two versions of the Hybrid Coordinates Ocean Model (HYCOM) set at 4 km were running daily and delivering 72-h range forecasts. They all assimilated remote sensing and local profile data but they were not assimilating the drifter's observations. This work presents a non-intrusive methodology named Multi-Model Ensemble Kalman Filter that allows assimilating the local drifter data into such a set of models, to produce improved ocean currents forecasts. The filter is to be used when several modeling systems or ensembles are available and/or observations are not entirely handled by the operational data assimilation process. It allows using generic in situ measurements over short time windows to improve the predictability of local ocean dynamics and associated high-resolution parameters of interest for which a forward model exists (e.g. oil spill plumes). Results can be used for operational applications or to derive enhanced background fields for other data assimilation systems, thus providing an expedite method to non-intrusively assimilate local observations of variables with complex operators. Results for the GLAD experiment show the method can improve water velocity predictions along the observed drifter trajectories, hence enhancing the skills of the models to predict individual trajectories. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Coelho, Emanuel F.] Univ New Orleans, Dept Phys, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. [Coelho, Emanuel F.; Hogan, P.; Jacobs, G.; Thoppil, P.; Wei, M.] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Huntley, H. S.; Lipphardt, B. L., Jr.; Kirwan, A. D., Jr.] Univ Delaware, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Haus, B. K.; Ryan, E. H.; Olascoaga, J.; Beron-Vera, F.; Oezgoekmen, T. M.; Mariano, A. J.; Novelli, G.; Haza, A. C.; Chen, S. S.; Curcic, M.; Iskandarani, M.; Judt, F.; Laxague, N.; Reniers, A. J. H. M.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Poje, A. C.] CUNY Coll Staten Isl, Staten Isl, NY 10314 USA. [Griffa, A.] CNR, Ist Sci Marine UOS Puzzuolo di Lerici, I-19032 Puzzuolo Di Lerici, SP, Italy. [Bogucki, D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. [Valle-Levinson, A.] Univ Florida, Civil & Coastal Engn Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Coelho, EF (reprint author), CMRE, La Spezia, Italy. EM emanuel.coelho@cmre.nato.int RI Judt, Falko/Q-8380-2016 OI Judt, Falko/0000-0001-7710-9862 FU BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative; US Office of Naval Research [N0003913WX02913] FX This research was made possible in part by a Grant from BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative, and in part by the US Office of Naval Research grant N0003913WX02913. This paper is contribution NRL/JA/7320-13-1783 and has been approved for public release. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1463-5003 EI 1463-5011 J9 OCEAN MODEL JI Ocean Model. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 87 BP 86 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2014.11.001 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA CD3PD UT WOS:000350989900007 ER PT J AU Gibson, JD AF Gibson, James D. TI A direct search approach to optimization for nonlinear model predictive control SO OPTIMAL CONTROL APPLICATIONS & METHODS LA English DT Article DE model predictive control; real-time optimization ID RECEDING HORIZON CONTROL; CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION; SYSTEMS; BLACK AB Nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) depends on performing a constrained nonlinear optimization, based on predictions of future system behavior, during a sampling interval to determine the control action to be applied to the system during the next time step. The difficulty in designing an optimization procedure to solve a constrained NMPC problem is due to the finite time horizon to which the predictive model is evaluated, the state and control actuator constraints, and sampling interval length. The resulting objective function, which is to be optimized is typically not differentiable. Although there are many commercial, shareware, and open-source optimization packages available that can perform a nonlinear constrained optimization for most cases, there are NMPC implementations requiring embedded code or that must meet stringent timing requirements that preclude the use of off-the-shelf packages. In cases where the predictive model is known, such as aerodynamic or hydrodynamic systems, a direct-search optimization algorithm can perform well enough in a real-time environment. Direct search algorithms are simple to implement and can be made more efficient by applying differential geometric techniques to the search methodology. The typical smoothness of the equations of motion for vehicular systems allows the objective function's stationarities to be handled in a straight-forward way. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Maneuvering & Control Dept Code 861, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Gibson, JD (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Maneuvering & Control Dept Code 861, 9500 MacArthur Blvd, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM james.d.gibson@navy.mil FU Office for Naval Research FX Also, thanks to the Office for Naval Research, Dr. Ronald D. Joslin, funding officer. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0143-2087 EI 1099-1514 J9 OPTIM CONTR APPL MET JI Optim. Control Appl. Methods PD MAR-APR PY 2015 VL 36 IS 2 BP 139 EP 157 DI 10.1002/oca.2105 PG 19 WC Automation & Control Systems; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Automation & Control Systems; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA CD5XO UT WOS:000351162300001 ER PT J AU Wang, S Marrone, LF Crawford, T Koh, S AF Wang, Sophia Marrone, Laura F. Crawford, Tamarra Koh, Steve TI CogTeach: Teaching Residents to Communicate with Older Patients Who Have Mild Neurocognitive Disorder SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Geriatric-Psychiatry CY MAR 27-30, 2015 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Assoc Geriatr Psychiat C1 [Wang, Sophia] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Marrone, Laura F.; Koh, Steve] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Koh, Steve] US Naval Hosp, Balboa, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Wang, Sophia; Crawford, Tamarra] Durham VA Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1064-7481 EI 1545-7214 J9 AM J GERIAT PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatr. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 23 IS 3 SU S MA EI 47 BP S114 EP S115 PG 3 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA CD1IV UT WOS:000350829500107 ER PT J AU Trasatti, M Akamatsu, H Lovisari, L Klein, U Bonafede, A Bruggen, M Dallacasa, D Clarke, T AF Trasatti, M. Akamatsu, H. Lovisari, L. Klein, U. Bonafede, A. Brueggen, M. Dallacasa, D. Clarke, T. TI The radio relic in Abell 2256: overall spectrum and implications for electron acceleration SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: clusters: individual: Abell 2256; acceleration of particles ID DIFFUSIVE SHOCK ACCELERATION; LARGE ARRAY OBSERVATIONS; RAY-CLUSTER ABELL-2256; GALAXY CLUSTER; PARTICLE REACCELERATION; COMPRESSIBLE TURBULENCE; ENERGY-SPECTRUM; SKY SURVEY; EMISSION; NEARBY AB Context. Radio relics are extended synchrotron sources thought to be produced by shocks in the outskirts of merging galaxy clusters. The cluster Abell. 2256 hosts one of the most intriguing examples in this class of sources. It has been found that this radio relic has a rather flat integrated spectrum at low frequencies that would imply an injection spectral index for the electrons that is inconsistent with the flattest allowed by the test particle diffusive shock acceleration (DSA). Aims. We aim at testing the origins of the radio relic in Abell 2256. Methods. We performed new high-frequency observations at 2273, 2640, and 4850 MHz. Combining these new observations with images available in the literature, We constrain the radio-integrated spectrum of the radio relic in Abell 2256 over the widest sampled frequency range collected so far for this class of objects (63-10 450 MHz). Moreover, we used X-ray observations of the cluster to check the temperature structure in the regions around the radio relic. Results. We find that the relic keeps an unusually flat behavior up to high frequencies. Although the relic integrated spectrum between 63 and 10 450 MHz is not inconsistent with a single power law with alpha(10 450)(63) = 0.92 +/- 0.02, we find hints of a steepening at frequencies >1400 MHz. The two frequency ranges 63-1369 MHz and 1369-10 450 MHz are, indeed, best represented by two different power laws, with alpha(1369)(63) = 0.85 +/- 0.01 and alpha(10 450)(1369) = 1.00 +/- 0.02. This broken power law would require special conditions to be explained in terms of test-particle DSA, e.g., non-stationarity of the spectrum, which would make the relic in A2256 a rather young system, and/or non-stationarity of the shock. On the other hand, the single power law would make of this relic the one with the flattest integrated spectrum known so far, even flatter than what is allowed in the test-particle approach to DSA. We find a rather low temperature ratio of T-2/T-1 similar to 1.7 across the G region of the radio relic and no temperature jump across the 11 region. However, in both regions projection effects might have affected the measurements, thereby reducing the contrast. C1 [Trasatti, M.; Lovisari, L.; Klein, U.] Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Akamatsu, H.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Bonafede, A.; Brueggen, M.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Dallacasa, D.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Dallacasa, D.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Clarke, T.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Trasatti, M (reprint author), Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, Hugel 71, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. EM trasatti@astro.uni-bonn.de FU German Deutsche Forschungsgemeinscluift, DFG project [FOR 1254]; NWO; Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research; DFG [RE 1462/6, LO 2009/1-1]; Basic research in radio astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory [6.1] FX We thank the anonymous referee for valuable suggestions, which improved the manuscript. U.K, A.B., and M.B. acknowledge the financial support by the German Deutsche Forschungsgemeinscluift, DFG project FOR 1254. SRON is supported financially by NWO, the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research. L.L. acknowledges support from the DFG through the research grant RE 1462/6 and LO 2009/1-1. Basic research in radio astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 Base funding. The authors thank M. Brentjens for providing the radio image at 351 MHz and R. van Weeren for providing information on the flux density at 63 MHz. M.T. thanks F. Vazza for helpful discussions on CRs acceleration mechanism and K. Basu for helping in the evaluation of the SZ effect. We thank the P.I. of the Suzaku observations K. Hayashida. We also thank M. Kawaharada for providing unpublished Suzaku offset data. This work is partly based on observations with the 100-m telescope of the MPIfR (Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie) at Effelsberg. This work is partly based on observations with the WSRT. The Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope is operated by ASTRON (Netherlands Foundation for Research in Astronomy) with support from the Netherlands Foundation for Scientific Research (NWO). NR 63 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 575 AR A45 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201423972 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC3LA UT WOS:000350249100045 ER PT J AU Allenby, BR AF Allenby, Braden R. TI The paradox of dominance: The age of civilizational conflict SO BULLETIN OF THE ATOMIC SCIENTISTS LA English DT Article DE civilizational conflict; civil-military relationships; fourth generation warfare; Islamic State; ISIS; new generation warfare; unrestricted warfare AB American dominance of conventional military capabilities has forced potential competitors to explore asymmetric responses. Some of these, such as cyber conflict capabilities, may appear primarily tactical, but taken together with emerging strategic doctrines such as Russian new generation warfare or Chinese unrestricted warfare and unpredictable and potent technological evolution, an arguably new form of warfarecivilizational conflictis emerging. This does not mean that current strategic and operational doctrine and activities are obsolete, but it does mean that a new conceptual framework for conflict among cultures is required, within which such more traditional operations are developed and deployed. C1 [Allenby, Braden R.] Arizona State Univ, Mil Operat & Natl Secur, Engn & Eth, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Allenby, Braden R.] Arizona State Univ, Mil Operat & Natl Secur, Civil Environm & Sustainable Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Allenby, Braden R.] Arizona State Univ, Mil Operat & Natl Secur, Consortium Emerging Technol, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Allenby, Braden R.] AAAS, Washington, DC USA. [Allenby, Braden R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Allenby, Braden R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Syst, Livermore, CA USA. [Allenby, Braden R.] Natl Acad Engn, Washington, DC 20418 USA. RP Allenby, BR (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Mil Operat & Natl Secur, Engn & Eth, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. FU Lincoln Center for Applied Ethics at Arizona State University, USA FX The author would like to thank the Lincoln Center for Applied Ethics at Arizona State University, USA for its support of his work in the applied ethics of emerging military and security technologies. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 11 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0096-3402 EI 1938-3282 J9 B ATOM SCI JI Bull. Atom. Scient. PD MAR-APR PY 2015 VL 71 IS 2 BP 60 EP 74 DI 10.1177/0096340215571911 PG 15 WC International Relations; Social Issues SC International Relations; Social Issues GA CD0JJ UT WOS:000350757800009 ER PT J AU Williams, EC Frasco, MA Jacobson, IG Maynard, C Littman, AJ Seelig, AD Crum-Cianflone, NF Nagel, A Boyko, EJ AF Williams, Emily C. Frasco, Melissa A. Jacobson, Isabel G. Maynard, Charles Littman, Alyson J. Seelig, Amber D. Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. Nagel, Anna Boyko, Edward J. TI Risk factors for relapse to problem drinking among current and former US military personnel: A prospective study of the Millennium Cohort SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE Problem drinking; Alcohol use disorders; Millennium Cohort Study; Military; Relapse prospective study; Risk factors ID ALCOHOL-RELATED PROBLEMS; MENTAL-HEALTH PROBLEMS; PRIMARY-CARE; FOLLOW-UP; COMBAT EXPOSURE; SERVICE MEMBERS; BINGE DRINKING; UNITED-STATES; USE DISORDERS; SUBSTANCE USE AB Background: Military service members may be prone to relapse to problem drinking after remission, given a culture of alcohol use as a coping mechanism for stressful or traumatic events associated with military duties or exposures. However, the prevalence and correlates of relapse are unknown. We sought to identify socio-demographic, military, behavioral, and health characteristics associated with relapse among current and former military members with remittent problem drinking. Methods: Participants in the longitudinal Millennium Cohort Study who reported problem drinking at baseline (2001-2003) and were remittent at first follow-up (2004-2006) were included (n = 6909). Logistic regression models identified demographic, military service, behavioral, and health characteristics that predicted relapse (report of >= 1 past-year alcohol-related problem on the validated Patient Health Questionnaire) at the second follow-up (2007-2008). Results: Sixteen percent of those with remittent problem drinking relapsed. Reserve/National Guard members compared with active-duty members (odds ratio [OR] = 1.71,95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.45-2.01), members separated from the military during follow-up (OR= 1.46, 95% CI: 1.16-1.83), and deployers who reported combat exposure (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.07-1.62, relative to non-deployers) were significantly more likely to relapse. Those with multiple deployments were significantly less likely to relapse (OR= 0.73,95% CI: 0.58-0.92). Behavioral factors and mental health conditions also predicted relapse. Conclusion: Relapse was common and associated with military and non-military factors. Targeted intervention to prevent relapse may be indicated for military personnel in particular subgroups, such as Reservists, veterans, and those who deploy with combat exposure. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Williams, Emily C.; Maynard, Charles] Denver Seattle Ctr Innovat Veteran Ctr & Value Dr, Dept Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res Dev, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Williams, Emily C.; Maynard, Charles] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Frasco, Melissa A.; Jacobson, Isabel G.; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Nagel, Anna] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Maynard, Charles; Littman, Alyson J.; Seelig, Amber D.; Boyko, Edward J.] Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Dept Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. [Littman, Alyson J.; Boyko, Edward J.] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Boyko, Edward J.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Williams, EC (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1100 Olive Way,Suite 1400, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. EM emily.williams3@va.gov; Frasco.Melissa@gmail.com; isabeljacobson@yahoo.com; cmaynard@u.washington.edu; Alyson.Littman@va.gov; Amber.Seelig@va.gov; nancy32red@yahoo.com; anna.nagel@med.navy.mil; Edward.Boyko@va.gov RI Maynard, Charles/N-3906-2015 OI Maynard, Charles/0000-0002-1644-7814 FU HSRD VA [IK2 HX001161] NR 71 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 EI 1879-0046 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD MAR 1 PY 2015 VL 148 BP 93 EP 101 DI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.12.031 PG 9 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA CC7DF UT WOS:000350527200012 PM 25599962 ER PT J AU DeCredico, MA AF DeCredico, Mary A. TI Transition to an Industrial South: Athens, Georgia, 1830-1870 SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [DeCredico, Mary A.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP DeCredico, MA (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGANIZATION AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47408 USA SN 0021-8723 EI 1945-2314 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 101 IS 4 BP 1271 EP 1272 DI 10.1093/jahist/jav036 PG 3 WC History SC History GA CD3WN UT WOS:000351014600063 ER PT J AU Abramowitz, G Bishop, CH AF Abramowitz, G. Bishop, C. H. TI Climate Model Dependence and the Ensemble Dependence Transformation of CMIP Projections SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID MULTIMODEL ENSEMBLE; VARIABILITY; CIRCULATION; BIAS AB Obtaining multiple estimates of future climate for a given emissions scenario is key to understanding the likelihood and uncertainty associated with climate-related impacts. This is typically done by collating model estimates from different research institutions internationally with the assumption that they constitute independent samples. Heuristically, however, several factors undermine this assumption: shared treatment of processes between models, shared observed data for evaluation, and even shared model code. Here, a "perfect model'' approach is used to test whether a previously proposed ensemble dependence transformation (EDT) can improve twenty-first-century Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) projections. In these tests, where twenty-first-century model simulations are used as out-of-sample "observations,'' the mean-square difference between the transformed ensemble mean and "observations'' is on average 30% less than for the untransformed ensemble mean. In addition, the variance of the transformed ensemble matches the variance of the ensemble mean about the "observations'' much better than in the untransformed ensemble. Results show that the EDT has a significant effect on twenty-first-century projections of both surface air temperature and precipitation. It changes projected global average temperature increases by as much as 16% (0.2 degrees C for B1 scenario), regional average temperatures by as much as 2.6 degrees C (RCP8.5 scenario), and regional average annual rainfall by as much as 410 mm (RCP6.0 scenario). In some regions, however, the effect is minimal. It is also found that the EDT causes changes to temperature projections that differ in sign for different emissions scenarios. This may be as much a function of the makeup of the ensembles as the nature of the forcing conditions. C1 [Abramowitz, G.] Univ New S Wales, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Abramowitz, G.] Univ New S Wales, Climate Change Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Bishop, C. H.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. RP Abramowitz, G (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM gabriel@unsw.edu.au FU Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science [CE110001028]; U.S. Office of Naval Research Grant [N0001413WX00008] FX We acknowledge the support of the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science (CE110001028). CHB gratefully acknowledges support from the U.S. Office of Naval Research Grant N0001413WX00008. The GPCP combined precipitation data were developed and computed by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Laboratory for Atmospheres as a contribution to the GEWEX Global Precipitation Climatology Project. GPCP data were provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL/PSD, Boulder, Colorado, from their website (http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/). All analysis and transformation code are available from the corresponding author upon request. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 28 IS 6 BP 2332 EP 2348 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00364.1 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CD3MV UT WOS:000350983700014 ER PT J AU Auten, JD Ross, EM French, MA Li, IZ Robinson, L Brown, N King, KJ Tanen, DA AF Auten, Jonathan D. Ross, Elliot M. French, Michelle A. Li, Ivy Z. Robinson, Lovette Brown, Nanette King, Kerry J. Tanen, David A. TI LOW-FIDELITY HYBRID SEXUAL ASSAULT SIMULATION TRAINING'S EFFECT ON THE COMFORT AND COMPETENCY OF RESIDENT PHYSICIANS SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE sexual assault; domestic violence; rape; simulation; emergency medicine; resident; graduate medical education ID MEDICAL-EDUCATION; EMERGENCY-MEDICINE; PROGRAM; SKILLS; RESUSCITATION; MANAGEMENT; CARE AB Background: Alternative training methods are needed for resident physicians to ensure that care is not compromised should they practice in settings without well-established Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner (SANE) programs. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of a simulation-based sexual assault response course for resident physicians at an institution without an on-site SANE program. Methods: Educational intervention study of 12 emergency medicine residents using a low-fidelity hybrid simulation model. The study was comprised of eight male and four female physicians at a military medical center in San Diego, CA. Assessment occurred using three separate metrics. The first was a written knowledge test. The second was a simulated interview and evidentiary examination. These metrics were given 1 month before and 3 months after an 8-h training course. The final metric was Likert-scale questionnaires surveying pre-and post-course feelings of competency and comfort. Results: The emergency medicine residents showed a 13% improvement (95% confidence interval [CI] 7 - 20%) in written examination scores pre and post intervention. Post-course interview and examinations reflected a 44% improvement (95% CI 24 - 64%) in critical action completion. Pre-course comfort and competency questionnaires were a median of 2 (interquartile range [IQR] 1 - 3) on a Likert Scale. Post-course survey responses were a median of 4 (IQR 2 - 5). Conclusions: Low-fidelity hybrid simulation is a useful tool to train inexperienced physicians to perform evidentiary examinations and interviews without sacrificing the privacy and direct care of sexual assault victims. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Auten, Jonathan D.; Ross, Elliot M.; French, Michelle A.; King, Kerry J.; Tanen, David A.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Li, Ivy Z.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Robinson, Lovette] US Navy Bur Med & Surg, Deloitte Consulting, Washington, DC USA. [Brown, Nanette] US Navy Bur Med & Surg, Off Womens Hlth, Washington, DC USA. RP Auten, JD (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Emergency Med, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0736-4679 EI 1090-1280 J9 J EMERG MED JI J. Emerg. Med. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 48 IS 3 BP 344 EP 350 DI 10.1016/j.jemermed.2014.09.032 PG 7 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA CC7XH UT WOS:000350581300021 PM 25435474 ER PT J AU Amarasinghe, PM Abelev, A Qadri, SB Calantoni, J AF Amarasinghe, Priyanthi M. Abelev, Andrei Qadri, Syed B. Calantoni, Joseph TI Micromechanical determination of the tensile strength of flocculated artificial marine cohesive sediment SO MECHANICS RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Icromanipulation; Na-montmorillonite; Flocs; Guar gum ID VARIABLE FRACTAL DIMENSION; SOCIETY SOURCE CLAYS; FLOC SIZE DISTRIBUTION; BASE-LINE; SETTLING VELOCITY; BEHAVIOR; CHANNEL; FORCE; MODEL; SHEAR AB Strength characteristics of the flocculated aggregates (flocs) of clay minerals in an aqueous marine environment are important in many modeling applications, such as penetration of heavy objects in the cohesive seafloor, hydrodynamic transport of coastal and seafloor sediments, dredging, and remote sensing among many. Measuring floc strength accurately has been a difficult task due to the fragile, amorphous, and transient nature of the flocs. Here, we describe a micromechanical technique that was used to measure the tensile strength of soft flocculated aggregates produced from simulated marine clay sediments. In this study, artificial flocs similar to the ones that are found on and near the seabed, were prepared using Na-montmorillonite, guar gum, and sea salt. Using the micromechanical technique the average tensile strength of the flocs was found to be 667 +/- 189 Pa. The range of tensile strength values is consistent with the nature of the flocs and the measurement technique. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Amarasinghe, Priyanthi M.] CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. [Abelev, Andrei] Naval Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Qadri, Syed B.] Naval Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Calantoni, Joseph] Naval Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. RP Abelev, A (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM andrei.abelev@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was performed while P. M. Amarasinghe held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award. This work was supported under base funding to the Naval Research Laboratory from the Office of Naval Research. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0093-6413 J9 MECH RES COMMUN JI Mech. Res. Commun. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 64 BP 42 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.mechrescom.2015.01.002 PG 8 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA CD2QQ UT WOS:000350924500007 ER PT J AU Martin-Horcajo, S Wang, A Bosca, A Romero, MF Tadjer, MJ Koehler, AD Anderson, TJ Calle, F AF Martin-Horcajo, S. Wang, A. Bosca, A. Romero, M. F. Tadjer, M. J. Koehler, A. D. Anderson, T. J. Calle, F. TI Trapping phenomena in AlGaN and InAlN barrier HEMTs with different geometries SO SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE GaN-based HEMTs; gate length; gate-to-drain distance; pulsed measurements; trapping effects; virtual gate; drain current transient ID ELECTRON-MOBILITY TRANSISTORS; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; SURFACE-STATES; GAN; DEVICES; INALN/(IN)GAN; GANHEMTS; TRAPS AB Trapping effects were evaluated by means of pulsed measurements under different quiescent biases for GaN/AlGaN/GaN and GaN/InAlN/GaN. It was found that devices with an AlGaN barrier underwent an increase in the on-resistance, and a drain current and transconductance reduction without measurable threshold voltage change, suggesting the location of the traps in the gate-drain access region. In contrast, devices with an InAlN barrier showed a transconductance and a decrease in drain associated with a significant positive shift of threshold voltage, indicating that the traps were likely located under the gate region; as well as an on-resistance degradation probably associated with the presence of surface traps in the gate-drain access region. Furthermore, measurements of drain current transients at different ambient temperatures revealed that the activation energy of electron traps was 0.43 eV and 0.38 eV for AlGaN and InAlN barrier devices, respectively. Experimental and simulation results demonstrated the influence of device geometry on the observed trapping effects, since devices with larger gate lengths and gate-to-drain distance values exhibited less noticeable charge trapping effects. C1 [Martin-Horcajo, S.; Wang, A.; Bosca, A.; Romero, M. F.; Tadjer, M. J.; Calle, F.] Univ Politecn Madrid, ETSI Telecomunicac, Dept Ingn Elect, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Martin-Horcajo, S.; Wang, A.; Bosca, A.; Romero, M. F.; Tadjer, M. J.; Calle, F.] Univ Politecn Madrid, ETSI Telecomunicac, Inst Sistemas Optoelect & Microtecnol, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Tadjer, M. J.; Koehler, A. D.; Anderson, T. J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Martin-Horcajo, S (reprint author), Univ Politecn Madrid, ETSI Telecomunicac, Dept Ingn Elect, Av Complutense 30, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. EM smartin@isom.upm.es RI Romero, Fatima/F-7773-2016; OI CALLE GOMEZ, FERNANDO/0000-0001-7869-6704 FU RUE project, from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion of Spain [CSD2009-0046]; CAVE project, from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion of Spain [TEC2012-38247]; Office of Naval Research; PICATA grant (UPM Madrid); American Society for Engineering Education FX This work was partially supported by RUE (CSD2009-0046) and CAVE (TEC2012-38247) projects, from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion of Spain. The authors would like to thank Dr T Brazzini for discussions and manuscript proof reading. Research at NRL was supported by the Office of Naval Research. MJT acknowledges partial support by a PICATA grant (UPM Madrid) and the American Society for Engineering Education. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 23 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0268-1242 EI 1361-6641 J9 SEMICOND SCI TECH JI Semicond. Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 30 IS 3 AR 035015 DI 10.1088/0268-1242/30/3/035015 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA CC8PU UT WOS:000350631400016 ER PT J AU Wood, BE Muller, HR Witte, M AF Wood, Brian E. Mueller, Hans-Reinhard Witte, Manfred TI REVISITING ULYSSES OBSERVATIONS OF INTERSTELLAR HELIUM SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: atoms; Sun: heliosphere ID IBEX-LO OBSERVATIONS; BOW SHOCK; NEUTRAL HELIUM; SOLAR-SYSTEM; PARAMETERS; HELIOSPHERE; GAS; CLOUD; HYDROGEN; CYCLE AB We report the results of a comprehensive reanalysis of Ulysses observations of interstellar He atoms flowing through the solar system, the goal being to reassess the interstellar He flow vector and to search for evidence of variability in this vector. We find no evidence that the He beam seen by Ulysses changes at all from 1994-2007. The direction of flow changes by no more than similar to 0 degrees.3 and the speed by no more than similar to 0.3 km s(-1). A global fit to all acceptable He beam maps from 1994-2007 yields the following He flow parameters: V-ISM = 26.08 +/- 0.21 km s(-1), lambda = 75.54 +/- 0 degrees.19, beta = -5.44 +/- 0 degrees.24, and T = 7260 +/- 270 K; where lambda and beta are the ecliptic longitude and latitude direction in J2000 coordinates. The flow vector is consistent with the original analysis of the Ulysses team, but our temperature is significantly higher. The higher temperature somewhat mitigates a discrepancy that exists in the He flow parameters measured by Ulysses and the Interstellar Boundary Explorer, but does not resolve it entirely. Using a novel technique to infer photoionization loss rates directly from Ulysses data, we estimate a density of n(He) = 0.0196 +/- 0.0033 cm(-3) in the interstellar medium. C1 [Wood, Brian E.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mueller, Hans-Reinhard] Dept Phys & Astron, Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Witte, Manfred] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. RP Wood, BE (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brian.wood@nrl.navy.mil OI Mueller, Hans-Reinhard/0000-0001-7364-5377 FU NASA [NNH13AV19I] FX We thank Dr. E. Mobius for useful discussion and suggestions. This work has been supported by NASA award NNH13AV19I to the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 33 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 1 PY 2015 VL 801 IS 1 AR 62 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/801/1/62 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC6PR UT WOS:000350488700062 ER PT J AU DeGreeff, L Rogers, DA Katilie, C Johnson, K Rose-Pehrsson, S AF DeGreeff, Lauryn Rogers, Duane A. Katilie, Christopher Johnson, Kevin Rose-Pehrsson, Susan TI Technical note: Headspace analysis of explosive compounds using a novel sampling chamber SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Explosive analysis; Headspace; Sampling chamber ID PRESSURES AB The development of instruments and methods for explosive vapor detection is a continually evolving field of interest. A thorough understanding of the characteristic vapor signatures of explosive material is imperative for the development and testing of new and current detectors. In this research a headspace sampling chamber was designed to contain explosive materials for the controlled, reproducible sampling and characterization of vapors associated with these materials. In a detonation test, the chamber was shown to contain an explosion equivalent to three grams of trinitrotoluene (TNT) without damage to the chamber. The efficacy of the chamber in controlled headspace sampling was evaluated in laboratory tests with bulk explosive materials. Small quantities of TNT, triacetone triperoxide (TATP) and hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD) were separately placed in the sampling chamber, and the headspace of each material was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with online cryogenic trapping to yield characteristic vapor signatures for each explosive compound. Chamber sampling conditions, temperature and sampling time, were varied to demonstrate suitability for precise headspace analysis. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [DeGreeff, Lauryn; Rogers, Duane A.; Johnson, Kevin; Rose-Pehrsson, Susan] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Katilie, Christopher] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA USA. RP DeGreeff, L (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM lauryn.degreeff@nrl.navy.mil FU Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology FX The authors would like to acknowledge the FBI Explosives Unit for supplying explosive materials and conducting detonation tests. The authors also acknowledge the Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate for program guidance, management, and funding. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0379-0738 EI 1872-6283 J9 FORENSIC SCI INT JI Forensic Sci.Int. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 248 BP 55 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.12.022 PG 6 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA CB9PA UT WOS:000349962800010 PM 25596555 ER PT J AU Siskind, DE Mlynczak, MG Marshall, T Friedrich, M Gumbel, J AF Siskind, David E. Mlynczak, Martin G. Marshall, Tom Friedrich, Martin Gumbel, Joerg TI Implications of odd oxygen observations by the TIMED/SABER instrument for lower D region ionospheric modeling SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Mesosphere; Ionosphere; D region ID ELECTRON-DENSITY PROFILES; LOWER THERMOSPHERE; ION CHEMISTRY; NITRIC-OXIDE; MESOSPHERE; OZONE; TIME AB We document the variability in atomic oxygen inferred by the Sounding of the Atmosphere with Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument on the NASA/TIMED satellite in the lower mesosphere (50-80 km altitude) according to its diurnal, latitudinal, seasonal and solar cycle components. The dominant variation is diurnal and latitudinal. Below 75 km, seasonal and solar cycle effects are less than 5%. Accordingly, we have developed a simple climatology that depends upon local time and latitude and applied it to a model of the D region of the ionosphere. Between 60 and 70 km, atomic oxygen is important in governing the ratio of negative ions to electrons. Using the SABER O climatology along with a previously published climatology of nitric oxide based upon UARS/HALOE data, we compare our model results both to previous calculations and to a profile of electron density [e(-)] acquired by a rocket launched from Kwajalein Atoll. The model results are shown to be consistent with previously published calculations, but the comparison with the data reveals a dramatic discrepancy whereby the calculated [e(-)] is over an order of magnitude less than the observations below 65 km. The most plausible explanation involves changing the partition of negative charge between molecules such as O-2 which rapidly dissociate in sunlight versus heavier, more stable negative ions. Although observations of [e(-)] below 70 km are difficult and infrequent, more research should be invested to evaluate the pervasiveness and the seasonal, latitudinal and diurnal morphology of this model [e(-)] deficit. This may have practical implications as empirical models of the ionosphere predict a secondary maximum in HF radio absorption in the 70 km altitude region. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Siskind, David E.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mlynczak, Martin G.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Marshall, Tom] GATS Inc, Hampton, VA USA. [Friedrich, Martin] Graz Univ Technol, A-8010 Graz, Austria. [Gumbel, Joerg] Stockholm Univ, MISU, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Siskind, DE (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.siskind@nrl.navy.mil FU Chief of Naval Research; NASA/TIMED SABER project [NNG11PX00I] FX This work was sponsored by the Chief of Naval Research and the NASA/TIMED SABER project through Interagency Purchase Request NNG11PX00I. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1364-6826 EI 1879-1824 J9 J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY JI J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 124 BP 63 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.jastp.2015.01.014 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CC7EF UT WOS:000350529800008 ER PT J AU Choi, SR Faucett, DC Skelley, B AF Choi, Sung R. Faucett, D. Calvin Skelley, Brenna TI Slow Crack Growth of a Pyroceram Glass Ceramic Under Static Fatigue Loading-Commonality of Slow Crack Growth in Advanced Ceramics SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE slow crack growth (SCG); static fatigue; dynamic fatigue; Pyroceram 9606; glass-ceramic; life prediction; advanced ceramics; ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) ID BRITTLE MATERIALS; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; MATRIX COMPOSITES; STRENGTH; VELOCITY; SHEAR AB An extensive experimental work for Pyroceram (TM) 9606 glass-ceramic was conducted to determine static fatigue at ambient temperature in distilled water. This work was an extension and companion of the previous work conducted in dynamic fatigue. Four different applied stresses ranging from 120 to 170 MPa was incorporated with a total of 20-23 test specimens used at each of four applied stresses. The slow crack growth (SCG) parameters n and D were found to be n = 19 and D = 45 with a coefficient of correlation of r(coef) = 0.9653. The Weibull modulus of time to failure was in a range of m(sf) = 1.6-1.9 with an average of m(sf) = 1.7 +/- 0.2. A life prediction using the previously determined dynamic fatigue data was in excellent agreement with the static fatigue data. The life prediction approach was also applied to advanced monolithic ceramics and ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) based on their dynamic and static fatigue data determined at elevated temperatures. All of these results indicated that a SCG mechanism governed by a power-law crack growth formulation was operative, a commonality of SCG in these materials systems. C1 [Choi, Sung R.; Faucett, D. Calvin; Skelley, Brenna] Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Choi, SR (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. EM sung.choi1@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The static fatigue experiment was conducted by Brandon Choi and Ralph Pawlik of the NASA Glenn Research Center (Cleveland, OH). This work was supported in part via the Office of Naval Research (Dr. D. Shifler). NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 EI 1528-8919 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD MAR PY 2015 VL 137 IS 3 AR 032505 DI 10.1115/1.4028393 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA CC1ZV UT WOS:000350144900017 ER PT J AU Potter, H AF Potter, Henry TI Swell and the drag coefficient SO OCEAN DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE Drag coefficient; Waves; Swell; Momentum flux ID ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; SEA-SURFACE ROUGHNESS; WIND-GENERATED WAVES; NEUTRAL CONDITIONS; MOMENTUM FLUX; SPECTRA; OCEAN; EXCHANGE; STRESS; BUOY AB Simultaneous measurements of waves and turbulent fluxes were collected from a moored surface buoy in the Philippine Sea. Waves were partitioned into their wind sea and swell components, and the ratio of swell to wind sea energy was used to assign a swell index. The 10-m neutral drag coefficient was calculated using the eddy correlation method. Four hundred hours of data were processed in 30 minute runs for wind speeds 8.5 to 16.5 m s(-1) when the peak wave direction was within 90A degrees of the wind direction and included observations during mixed seas, swell dominant, and wind sea dominant conditions. The data were analyzed to explore the influence of swell on the drag coefficient. It was found that when compared to periods of equal wind speed, the drag coefficient was reduced up to 37 % when swell energy was twice that of the wind sea energy. It is believed that this reduction was due to a decrease in the turbulent flux around the swell frequency, suggesting that the swell diminishes the surface aerodynamic roughness. C1 Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Potter, H (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM henry.potter.ctr@nrl.navy.mil OI Potter, Henry/0000-0003-0142-107X FU Office of Naval Research [N0014-09-1-0392, DURIP N00014-09-0818]; National Science Foundation [OCE-0526442]; National Research Council FX ITOP was funded by Office of Naval Research under grant N0014-09-1-0392 with additional support from National Science Foundation (OCE-0526442) for the development of the EASI buoy, and Office of Naval Research (DURIP N00014-09-0818) for funding construction of the second EASI buoy. I appreciate input and guidance from colleagues at the University of Miami that worked on the ITOP project, especially Will Drennan, Hans Graber, and Tripp Collins. I am also grateful to the captains and crew of the R/V Roger Revelle. Finally, I acknowledge the support of the National Research Council for my Post-doctoral Research Associate fellowship. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 18 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1616-7341 EI 1616-7228 J9 OCEAN DYNAM JI Ocean Dyn. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 65 IS 3 BP 375 EP 384 DI 10.1007/s10236-015-0811-4 PG 10 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA CC6NI UT WOS:000350481400005 ER PT J AU Massie, AB Chow, EKH Wickliffe, CE Luo, X Gentry, SE Mulligan, DC Segev, DL AF Massie, A. B. Chow, E. K. H. Wickliffe, C. E. Luo, X. Gentry, S. E. Mulligan, D. C. Segev, D. L. TI Early Changes in Liver Distribution Following Implementation of Share 35 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID ALLOCATION; TRANSPLANTATION; MODEL; RISK; POLICY AB In June 2013, a change to the liver waitlist priority algorithm was implemented. Under Share 35, regional candidates with MELD35 receive higher priority than local candidates with MELD<35. We compared liver distribution and mortality in the first 12 months of Share 35 to an equivalent time period before. Under Share 35, new listings with MELD35 increased slightly from 752 (9.2% of listings) to 820 (9.7%, p=0.3), but the proportion of deceased-donor liver transplants (DDLTs) allocated to recipients with MELD35 increased from 23.1% to 30.1% (p<0.001). The proportion of regional shares increased from 18.9% to 30.4% (p<0.001). Sharing of exports was less clustered among a handful of centers (Gini coefficient decreased from 0.49 to 0.34), but there was no evidence of change in CIT (p=0.8). Total adult DDLT volume increased from 4133 to 4369, and adjusted odds of discard decreased by 14% (p=0.03). Waitlist mortality decreased by 30% among patients with baseline MELD>30 (SHR=0.70, p<0.001) with no change for patients with lower baseline MELD (p=0.9). Posttransplant length-of-stay (p=0.2) and posttransplant mortality (p=0.9) remained unchanged. In the first 12 months, Share 35 was associated with more transplants, fewer discards, and lower waitlist mortality, but not at the expense of CIT or early posttransplant outcomes. C1 [Massie, A. B.; Chow, E. K. H.; Wickliffe, C. E.; Luo, X.; Segev, D. L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Massie, A. B.; Segev, D. L.] Johns Hopkins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Gentry, S. E.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Gentry, S. E.; Segev, D. L.] Minneapolis Med Res Fdn Inc, Sci Registry Transplant Recipients, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Mulligan, D. C.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. RP Segev, DL (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM dorry@jhmi.edu OI Luo, Xun/0000-0003-0244-9832 FU National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) [K24DK101828]; Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation (US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Healthcare Systems Bureau, Division of Transplantation) [HHSH250201000018C]; US Government FX We would like to thank Dr. Kim Olthoff, Chair of the OPTN Liver and Intestinal Organ Transplantation Committee when Share 35 was implemented, for her advice and assistance with this study. Dr. Segev is supported by grant number K24DK101828 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). This work was conducted under the support of the Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, contractor for the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, as a deliverable under contract no. HHSH250201000018C (US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Healthcare Systems Bureau, Division of Transplantation). As a US Government-sponsored work, there are no restrictions on its use. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the US Government. NR 19 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 EI 1600-6143 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 15 IS 3 BP 659 EP 667 DI 10.1111/ajt.13099 PG 9 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA CB9UD UT WOS:000349977700014 PM 25693474 ER PT J AU Geum, YH Kim, YI Neta, B AF Geum, Young Hee Kim, Young Ik Neta, Beny TI On developing a higher-order family of double-Newton methods with a bivariate weighting function SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Sixth-order convergence; Extraneous fixed point; Asymptotic error constant; Efficiency index; Double-Newton method; Basin of attraction ID SOLVING NONLINEAR EQUATIONS; EXTRANEOUS FIXED-POINTS; ITERATIVE METHODS; 6TH-ORDER CONVERGENCE; 4TH-ORDER FAMILY; MULTIPLE ROOTS; ATTRACTION; BASINS AB A high-order family of two-point methods costing two derivatives and two functions are developed by introducing a two-variable weighting function in the second step of the classical double-Newton method. Their theoretical and computational properties are fully investigated along with a main theorem describing the order of convergence and the asymptotic error constant as well as proper choices of special cases. A variety of concrete numerical examples and relevant results are extensively treated to verify the underlying theoretical development. In addition, this paper investigates the dynamics of rational iterative maps associated with the proposed method and an existing method based on illustrated description of basins of attraction for various polynomials. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Geum, Young Hee; Kim, Young Ik] Dankook Univ, Dept Appl Math, Cheonan 330714, South Korea. [Neta, Beny] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kim, YI (reprint author), Dankook Univ, Dept Appl Math, Cheonan 330714, South Korea. EM conpana@empas.com; yikbell@yahoo.co.kr; bneta@nps.edu NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0096-3003 EI 1873-5649 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD MAR 1 PY 2015 VL 254 BP 277 EP 290 DI 10.1016/j.amc.2014.12.130 PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA CB8BC UT WOS:000349852200027 ER PT J AU Hodgson, E Bachmann, ER Vincent, D Zmuda, M Waller, D Calusdian, J AF Hodgson, Eric Bachmann, Eric R. Vincent, David Zmuda, Michael Waller, David Calusdian, James TI WeaVR: a self-contained and wearable immersive virtual environment simulation system SO BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS LA English DT Article DE Immersive virtual reality; Navigation; Motion tracking; Redirected walking; Spatial cognition; Wearable computing ID NAVIGATION; REALITY AB We describe WeaVR, a computer simulation system that takes virtual reality technology beyond specialized laboratories and research sites and makes it available in any open space, such as a gymnasium or a public park. Novel hardware and software systems enable HMD-based immersive virtual reality simulations to be conducted in any arbitrary location, with no external infrastructure and little-to-no setup or site preparation. The ability of the WeaVR system to provide realistic motion-tracked navigation for users, to improve the study of large-scale navigation, and to generate usable behavioral data is shown in three demonstrations. First, participants navigated through a full-scale virtual grocery store while physically situated in an open grass field. Trajectory data are presented for both normal tracking and for tracking during the use of redirected walking that constrained users to a predefined area. Second, users followed a straight path within a virtual world for distances of up to 2 km while walking naturally and being redirected to stay within the field, demonstrating the ability of the system to study large-scale navigation by simulating virtual worlds that are potentially unlimited in extent. Finally, the portability and pedagogical implications of this system were demonstrated by taking it to a regional high school for live use by a computer science class on their own school campus. C1 [Hodgson, Eric; Waller, David] Miami Univ, Dept Psychol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Hodgson, Eric] Miami Univ, Armstrong Inst Interact Media Studies, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Bachmann, Eric R.; Vincent, David; Zmuda, Michael] Miami Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Software Engn, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Calusdian, James] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA USA. RP Hodgson, E (reprint author), Miami Univ, Dept Psychol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. EM eric.hodgson@miamiOH.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF); Army Research Office (ARO) FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the Army Research Office (ARO). The authors thank Proctor & Gamble for supplying the virtual supermarket used in this study. PNI Sensor Corporation donated two Spacepoint inertial sensors that assisted in construction of the second-generation WeaVR system and is sponsoring follow-up research by one of the authors. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1554-351X EI 1554-3528 J9 BEHAV RES METHODS JI Behav. Res. Methods PD MAR PY 2015 VL 47 IS 1 BP 296 EP 307 DI 10.3758/s13428-014-0463-1 PG 12 WC Psychology, Mathematical; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA CB9US UT WOS:000349979400023 PM 24737097 ER PT J AU Heckman, CR Hsieh, MA Schwartz, IB AF Heckman, Christoffer R. Hsieh, M. Ani Schwartz, Ira B. TI Going With the Flow: Enhancing Stochastic Switching Rates in Multigyre Systems SO JOURNAL OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID ALMOST-INVARIANT SETS; LAGRANGIAN COHERENT STRUCTURES; LARGE FLUCTUATIONS; DYNAMICAL-SYSTEMS; OPTIMAL PATHS; TRANSPORT; NOISE; DRIVEN; OCEAN; CHAOS AB A control strategy is employed that modifies the stochastic escape times from one basin of attraction to another in a model of a double-gyre flow. The system studied captures the behavior of a large class of fluid flows that circulate and have multiple almost invariant sets. In the presence of noise, a particle in one gyre may randomly switch to an adjacent gyre due to a rare large fluctuation. We show that large fluctuation theory may be applied for controlling autonomous agents in a stochastic environment, in fact leveraging the stochasticity to the advantage of switching between regions of interest and concluding that patterns may be broken or held over time as the result of noise. We demonstrate that a controller can effectively manipulate the probability of a large fluctuation; this demonstrates the potential of optimal control strategies that work in combination with the endemic stochastic environment. To demonstrate this, stochastic simulations and numerical continuation are employed to tie together experimental findings with predictions. C1 [Heckman, Christoffer R.; Schwartz, Ira B.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Nonlinear Dynam Syst Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hsieh, M. Ani] Drexel Univ, Scalable Autonomous Syst Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Heckman, CR (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Nonlinear Dynam Syst Sect, Code 6792, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM christoffer.heckman.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; mhsieh1@drexel.edu; ira.schwartz@nrl.navy.mil FU National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research [F1ATA01098G001]; Naval Research Base Program [N0001412WX30002]; NSF [IIS-1253917] FX This research was performed while C.R.H. held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. This research is funded by the Office of Naval Research Contract No. F1ATA01098G001, Naval Research Base Program Contract No. N0001412WX30002, and NSF Grant No. IIS-1253917. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0022-0434 EI 1528-9028 J9 J DYN SYST-T ASME JI J. Dyn. Syst. Meas. Control-Trans. ASME PD MAR PY 2015 VL 137 IS 3 SI SI AR 031006 DI 10.1115/1.4027828 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation GA CB6RO UT WOS:000349754500008 ER PT J AU Jha, DK Li, Y Wettergren, TA Ray, A AF Jha, Devesh K. Li, Yue Wettergren, Thomas A. Ray, Asok TI Robot Path Planning in Uncertain Environments: A Language-Measure-Theoretic Approach SO JOURNAL OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE path planning; language measure; probabilistic finite state automata ID AUTONOMOUS UNDERWATER VEHICLES; REGULAR LANGUAGES; SYSTEMS AB This paper addresses the problem of goal-directed robot path planning in the presence of uncertainties that are induced by bounded environmental disturbances and actuation errors. The offline infinite-horizon optimal plan is locally updated by online finite-horizon adaptive replanning upon observation of unexpected events (e.g., detection of unanticipated obstacles). The underlying theory is developed as an extension of a grid-based path planning algorithm, called nu*, which was formulated in the framework of probabilistic finite state automata (PFSA) and language measure from a control-theoretic perspective. The proposed concept has been validated on a simulation test bed that is constructed upon a model of typical autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) in the presence of uncertainties. C1 [Jha, Devesh K.; Li, Yue; Wettergren, Thomas A.; Ray, Asok] Penn State Univ, Mech & Nucl Engn Dept, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Wettergren, Thomas A.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Jha, DK (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Mech & Nucl Engn Dept, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM dkj5042@psu.edu; yol5214@psu.edu; t.a.wettergren@ieee.org; axr2@psu.edu OI Wettergren, Thomas/0000-0002-6623-8412 FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory; U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF-13-11-0461]; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-12-1-0270] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the U.S. Army Research Office under Grant No. W911NF-13-11-0461 and by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) under Grant No. FA9550-12-1-0270. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsoring agencies. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 13 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0022-0434 EI 1528-9028 J9 J DYN SYST-T ASME JI J. Dyn. Syst. Meas. Control-Trans. ASME PD MAR PY 2015 VL 137 IS 3 SI SI AR 034501 DI 10.1115/1.4027876 PG 7 WC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation GA CB6RO UT WOS:000349754500015 ER PT J AU Manna, U Mohan, MT Sritharan, SS AF Manna, Utpal Mohan, Manil T. Sritharan, Sivaguru S. TI Stochastic Navier-Stokes Equations in Unbounded Channel Domains SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Stochastic Navier-Stokes equations; viscous flow in channels; path-wise strong solutions ID PARTIAL-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS; VISCOUS-FLUID; EXISTENCE; NOISE; BOUNDARY; DRIVEN; SOLVABILITY; MARTINGALE; REGULARITY; PROOF AB In this paper we prove the existence and uniqueness of path-wise strong solution to stochastic viscous flow in unbounded channels with multiple outlets using local monotonicity arguments. We devise a construction for solvability using a stochastic basic vector field. C1 [Manna, Utpal; Mohan, Manil T.] IISER Thiruvananthapuram, Sch Math, Thiruvananthapuram 695016, Kerala, India. [Sritharan, Sivaguru S.] US Navy, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Sritharan, SS (reprint author), IISER Thiruvananthapuram, Sch Math, Thiruvananthapuram 695016, Kerala, India. EM manna.utpal@iisertvm.ac.in; manil@iisertvm.ac.in; sssritha@nps.edu OI Sritharan, Sivaguru/0000-0003-2845-332X FU Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); National Board of Higher Mathematics (NBHM); U. S. Army Research Office FX Manil T. Mohan would like to thank Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) for a Senior Research Fellowship. Utpal Manna's work has been supported by National Board of Higher Mathematics (NBHM). S. S. Sritharan's work has been funded by U. S. Army Research Office, Probability and Statistics program. The authors would also like to thank the reviewer for his critical and valuable comments. Utpal Manna and Manil T. Mohan would like to thank Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Thiruvananthapuram for providing stimulating scientific environment and resources. NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 1422-6928 EI 1422-6952 J9 J MATH FLUID MECH JI J. Math. Fluid Mech. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 17 IS 1 BP 47 EP 86 DI 10.1007/s00021-014-0189-y PG 40 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA CB8OF UT WOS:000349888900004 ER PT J AU Gentry, SE Chow, EKH Massie, A Luo, X Zaun, D Snyder, JJ Israni, AK Kasiske, B Segev, DL AF Gentry, Sommer E. Chow, Eric K. H. Massie, Allan Luo, Xun Zaun, David Snyder, Jon J. Israni, Ajay K. Kasiske, Bert Segev, Dorry L. TI Liver Sharing and Organ Procurement Organization Performance SO LIVER TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; DONATION; TRANSPLANTATION AB Whether the liver allocation system shifts organs from better performing organ procurement organizations (OPOs) to poorer performing OPOs has been debated for many years. Models of OPO performance from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients make it possible to study this question in a data-driven manner. We investigated whether each OPO's net liver import was correlated with 2 performance metrics [observed to expected (O:E) liver yield and liver donor conversion ratio] as well as 2 alternative explanations [eligible deaths and incident listings above a Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score of 15]. We found no evidence to support the hypothesis that the allocation system transfers livers from better performing OPOs to centers with poorer performing OPOs. Also, having fewer eligible deaths was not associated with a net import. However, having more incident listings was strongly correlated with the net import, both before and after Share 35. Most importantly, the magnitude of the variation in OPO performance was much lower than the variation in demand: although the poorest performing OPOs differed from the best ones by less than 2-fold in the O:E liver yield, incident listings above a MELD score of 15 varied nearly 14-fold. Although it is imperative that all OPOs achieve the best possible results, the flow of livers is not explained by OPO performance metrics, and instead, it appears to be strongly related to differences in demand. Liver Transpl 21:293-299, 2015. (c) 2015 AASLD. C1 [Gentry, Sommer E.; Chow, Eric K. H.; Massie, Allan; Luo, Xun; Segev, Dorry L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Gentry, Sommer E.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Baltimore, MD USA. [Massie, Allan; Segev, Dorry L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Zaun, David; Snyder, Jon J.; Israni, Ajay K.; Kasiske, Bert] Minneapolis Med Res Fdn Inc, Sci Registry Transplant Recipients, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Snyder, Jon J.; Israni, Ajay K.] Univ Minnesota, Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Dept Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. [Israni, Ajay K.; Kasiske, Bert] Univ Minnesota, Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Dept Med, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. RP Gentry, SE (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, 572-C Holloway Rd,Mail Stop 9E, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM gentry@usna.edu OI Luo, Xun/0000-0003-0244-9832 FU Division of Transplantation of the Healthcare Systems Bureau (Health Resources and Services Administration, US Department of Health and Human Services) [HHSH250201000018C]; National Institute of Diabetes Digestive and Kidney Diseases [RC1 1RC1DK086450-01]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [K24DK101828] FX This work was supported by contract HHSH250201000018C from the Division of Transplantation of the Healthcare Systems Bureau (Health Resources and Services Administration, US Department of Health and Human Services). The work was also supported by an American Recovery and Reinvestment Act grant from the National Institute of Diabetes Digestive and Kidney Diseases (RC1 1RC1DK086450-01). Dorry L. Segev is supported by grant K24DK101828 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. The interpretation and reporting of these data are the responsibility of the authors and in no way should be seen as an official policy of or interpretation by the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients or the US Government. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1527-6465 EI 1527-6473 J9 LIVER TRANSPLANT JI Liver Transplant. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 21 IS 3 BP 293 EP 299 DI 10.1002/lt.24074 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery; Transplantation GA CC2BM UT WOS:000350149600005 PM 25556648 ER PT J AU Breiner, MM Chavez, DE Myers, TW Gilardi, RD AF Breiner, Megan M. Chavez, David E. Myers, Thomas W. Gilardi, Richard D. TI 1,2,4,5-Tetrazinyl-Substituted Amino-1,2,4,5-Tetrazines SO SYNLETT LA English DT Article DE tetrazines; heterocycle; cyclic voltammetry; UV/Vis; nucleophilic addition ID S-TETRAZINES; CELLS AB The synthesis of 1,2,4,5-tetrazinylamino-1,2,4,5-tetrazines is reported, including the preparation of compounds containing three tetrazine heterocycles in a single compound. These materials were compared to phenylamine derivatives, also synthesized in this study. The UV/Vis and cyclic voltammetry data were collected and are reported, along with the crystal structure of one of the tritetrazine compounds. C1 [Breiner, Megan M.; Chavez, David E.; Myers, Thomas W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Weap Expt Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Gilardi, Richard D.] Naval Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chavez, DE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Weap Expt Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dechavez@lanl.gov FU Joint Munitions Program; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-AF-0-0002] FX The authors would like to thank the Joint Munitions Program for the funding to perform this work. We would like to thank Virginia Manner (UV-Vis) and Stephanie Hagelberg (elemental analysis) for characterization. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security (LANS, LLC) under contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 for the U.S. Department of Energy. The authors also thank the Office of Naval Research (Award No. N00014-11-AF-0-0002). NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 14 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0936-5214 EI 1437-2096 J9 SYNLETT JI Synlett PD MAR PY 2015 VL 26 IS 4 BP 557 EP 560 DI 10.1055/s-0034-1379615 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA CC0WI UT WOS:000350059200023 ER PT J AU Rimoin, AW Hoff, NA Djoko, CF Kisalu, NK Kashamuka, M Tamoufe, U LeBreton, M Kayembe, PK Muyembe, JJ Kitchen, CR Saylors, K Fair, J Doshi, R Papworth, E Mpoudi-Ngole, E Grillo, MP Tshala, F Peeters, M Wolfe, ND AF Rimoin, A. W. Hoff, N. A. Djoko, C. F. Kisalu, N. K. Kashamuka, M. Tamoufe, U. LeBreton, M. Kayembe, P. K. Muyembe, J. J. Kitchen, C. R. Saylors, K. Fair, J. Doshi, R. Papworth, E. Mpoudi-Ngole, E. Grillo, M. P. Tshala, F. Peeters, M. Wolfe, N. D. TI HIV infection and risk factors among the armed forces personnel stationed in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS LA English DT Article DE Africa; syphilis (Treponema pallidum); HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus); AIDS; prevalence; sexual behaviour; epidemiology ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; POPULATIONS; DIVERSITY; HIV/AIDS; AFRICA; PREVALENCE; PREVENTION; KNOWLEDGE; COUNTRIES; SERVICES AB Despite recent declines in HIV incidence, sub-Saharan Africa remains the most heavily affected region in the global HIV/AIDS epidemic. Estimates of HIV prevalence in African military personnel are scarce and inconsistent. We conducted a serosurvey between June and September 2007 among 4043 Armed Forces personnel of the Democratic Republic of Congo (FARDC) stationed in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) to determine the prevalence of HIV and syphilis infections and describe associated risk behaviours. Participants provided blood for HIV and syphilis testing and responded to a demographic and risk factor questionnaire. The prevalence of HIV was 3.8% and the prevalence of syphilis was 11.9%. Women were more likely than men to be HIV positive, (7.5% vs. 3.6% respectively, aOR: 1.66, 95% C. I: 1.21-2.28, p<0.05). Factors significantly associated with HIV infection included gender and self-reported genital ulcers in the 12 months before date of enrollment. The prevalence of HIV in the military appears to be higher than the general population in DRC (3.8% vs. 1.3%, respectively), with women at increased risk of infection. C1 [Rimoin, A. W.; Hoff, N. A.; Doshi, R.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA 90005 USA. [Djoko, C. F.; Tamoufe, U.; LeBreton, M.; Saylors, K.; Fair, J.; Wolfe, N. D.] Metabiota, San Francisco, CA USA. [Djoko, C. F.; Tamoufe, U.; LeBreton, M.; Saylors, K.; Fair, J.; Wolfe, N. D.] Metabiota, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Kisalu, N. K.] NIAID, Vaccine Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kashamuka, M.; Kayembe, P. K.] Univ Kinshasa, Kinshasa Sch Publ Hlth, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO. [Muyembe, J. J.] Natl Inst Biomed Res, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO. [Kitchen, C. R.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA 90005 USA. [Papworth, E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Mpoudi-Ngole, E.] CREMER IMPM IRD, Virol Lab, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Grillo, M. P.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def HIV AIDS Prevent Program DHAPP, San Diego, CA USA. [Tshala, F.] Minist Def, Mil Hlth Serv, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO. [Peeters, M.] IRD, Lab Retrovirus, UMR 145, Montpellier, France. [Peeters, M.] Univ Montpellier I, Montpellier, France. [Wolfe, N. D.] Stanford Univ, Program Human Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Rimoin, AW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, CHS 41-245, Los Angeles, CA 90005 USA. EM arimoin@ucla.edu OI Kayembe Kalambayi, Patrick/0000-0002-5693-2144 FU Department of Defense HIV/AIDS Prevention Program (DHAPP), Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA; National Institutes of Health (NIH) Fogarty International Center (FIC) AIDS International Training and Research Program [2 D 43 TW000010-16/17]; NIH [DP1-OD000370]; DoD HIV/AIDS Prevention Program (DHAPP); Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, google.org; Skoll Foundation; Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (GEIS) - a Division of the United States Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center FX The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was funded by the Department of Defense HIV/AIDS Prevention Program (DHAPP), Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA. CFD was supported, in part, by funds from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Fogarty International Center (FIC) AIDS International Training and Research Program (2 D 43 TW000010-16/17). NDW is supported by the NIH Director's Pioneer Award (DP1-OD000370). GVF is supported by the DoD HIV/AIDS Prevention Program (DHAPP), the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, google.org, The Skoll Foundation, and the Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (GEIS) - a Division of the United States Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0956-4624 EI 1758-1052 J9 INT J STD AIDS JI Int. J. STD AIDS PD MAR PY 2015 VL 26 IS 3 BP 187 EP 195 DI 10.1177/0956462414533672 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA CB3WY UT WOS:000349561300007 PM 24828556 ER PT J AU Colaninno, RC Howard, RA AF Colaninno, R. C. Howard, R. A. TI Update of the Photometric Calibration of the LASCO-C2 Coronagraph Using Stars SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Instrumentation; Photometric calibration; Solar corona ID MASS EJECTIONS AB We present an update to the photometric calibration of the LASCO-C2 coronagraph onboard the SOHO spacecraft. We obtained the new calibration using data from the beginning of the mission in 1996 until 2013. We re-examined the LASCO-C2 photometric calibration by comparing the past three calibrations and the present calibration with the goal of validating an in-flight calibration. We find a photometric calibration factor (PCF) that is very similar to the factor recently published in Gardes, Lamy, and Llebaria (Solar Phys. 283, 667, 2013), which calculated a calibration between 1996 and 2009. The average of our PCF between 1999 and 2009 is the same, within our margin of error, as the average given by Gardes, Lamy, and Llebaria (Solar Phys. 283, 667, 2013) during the same time period. However, we find a different evolution of the calibration over the lifetime of the LASCO-C2 instrument compared with past results. We find that the sensitivity of the instrument is decreasing by a constant 0.20 [+/- 0.03] % per year. We also find no significant difference in the signal degradation before and after the SOHO interruption. We discuss the effects of this new PCF on the calibrated data set and the potential impact on scientific results derived from the previous calibration. C1 [Colaninno, R. C.; Howard, R. A.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Colaninno, RC (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM robin.colaninno@nrl.navy.mil FU NASA; Office of Naval Research FX The authors would like to thank Nathan Rich and Jeff Morrill for their contributions to this work. This work was supported by NASA and the Office of Naval Research. The SOHO/LASCO data used here are produced by a consortium of the Naval Research Laboratory (USA), Max-Plank-Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung (Germany), Laboratorie d'Astronomie Spatiale (France), and University of Birmingham (UK). SOHO is a project of international cooperation between ESA and NASA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 EI 1573-093X J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 290 IS 3 BP 997 EP 1009 DI 10.1007/s11207-014-0635-2 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CB8TF UT WOS:000349903300021 ER PT J AU Zhuang, X Sing, MLC Dolabdjian, C Wang, YJ Finkel, P Li, JF Viehland, D AF Zhuang, Xin Sing, Marc Lam Chok Dolabdjian, Christophe Wang, Yaojin Finkel, Peter Li, Jiefang Viehland, Dwight TI Mechanical Noise Limit of a Strain-Coupled Magneto(Elasto)electric Sensor Operating Under a Magnetic or an Electric Field Modulation SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Magnetoelectric effects; magnetic noise; signal modulation; magnetic field sensing ID COMPOSITES AB The mechanical noise limit of a strain-coupled magneto(elasto)electric composite has been investigated when a magnetic or an electric field modulation is applied to sense a low-frequency magnetic field and access dc field measurement capabilities. The sensitivity and noise of such a composite sensor were derived from constitutive equations based on the piezoelectric and ferromagnetic material properties. The analysis was used to evaluate the equivalent noise floor of the composite sensor and to explain the origin of noise by constituting a mechanically coupled electromagnetic model. Experimental measurements revealed a good fit with the proposed model. For example, an equivalent magnetic noise level of similar to 60 pT/Hz at 1 Hz with dc capability was achieved using an appropriate field modulation. C1 [Zhuang, Xin; Sing, Marc Lam Chok; Dolabdjian, Christophe] Univ Caen, Ecole Natl Super Ingn Caen, CNRS, Grp Rech Informat Image Automat & Instrumentat Ca, F-14050 Caen, France. [Wang, Yaojin; Li, Jiefang; Viehland, Dwight] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Finkel, Peter] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zhuang, X (reprint author), Univ Caen, Ecole Natl Super Ingn Caen, CNRS, Grp Rech Informat Image Automat & Instrumentat Ca, F-14050 Caen, France. EM xin.zhuang@greyc.ensicaen.fr; mar.lam@ensicaen.fr; christophe.dolabdjian@unicaen.fr; yaojin@vt.edu; peter.finkel@nrl.navy.mil; jiefang@mse.vt.edu; viehland@mse.vt.edu RI Wang, Yaojin/F-3748-2012 OI Wang, Yaojin/0000-0003-2561-1855 FU Office of Naval Research Global FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research Global. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was Dr. Stoyan Nihtianov. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 40 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1530-437X EI 1558-1748 J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 15 IS 3 BP 1575 EP 1587 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2014.2363880 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA CA4EZ UT WOS:000348858300001 ER PT J AU Yang, HP Arnone, R Jolliff, J AF Yang, Haoping Arnone, Robert Jolliff, Jason TI Estimating advective near-surface currents from ocean color satellite images SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE MCC; Ocean color; Surface advection; HFRadar currents; BioCast experiment; Bio-optical; VIIRS; Overlap of swath; Image-derived currents; Synthetic velocity ID INHERENT OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; FLOW DECOMPOSITION; VELOCITIES; SEA; TEMPERATURE; SEQUENCES; MODEL; ALGORITHM; SPARSE AB Improved maximum cross correlation (MCC) techniques are used to retrieve ocean surface currents from the sequential ocean color imagery provided by multiple newer generations of satellite sensors on hourly scales in the Yellow Sea and the U.S. East and Gulf coasts. The MCC calculation is validated in a series of Bio-Optical Forecasting (BioCast) experiments with predetermined synthetic velocities, and its products are evaluated by examining the errors and biases with respect to the High Frequency Radar (HFRadar) measurements. The root-mean-square (RMS) errors in our best current products derived from the overlap of satellite sensor swath between the VIIRS sequential orbits are less than 0.17 m s(-1) in the evaluation area outside of the Chesapeake Bay. The most accurate current products are those derived from the imagery data of R-rs(551), B-b(551) and C(551), while the image sequences of B-b(551) and Z(eu)_lee are identified as the most suited products for the retrieval of currents because of their best production capacities of valid velocity vectors. Mechanisms between the advective processes and the dynamic changes of bio-optical properties are discussed regarding the performances of various color products on the retrieval of currents. Similarities of velocity distribution in the retrieved vector arrays are collected across different MCC products derived from ocean color datasets that are of different types and derived from different spectral channels of satellite overpasses. The inter-product similarities themselves can be used to characterize the near-surface advection as well and usually have smaller errors than each of the individual MCC currents. Moreover, efforts are also under way to improve the ocean color derived currents by merging several of the MCC products with similarities to increase the total spatial coverage. This study not only seeks the image-derived products best representing the sea surface current structures in coastal areas, but also exploits how these currents can be improved or optimized to support the ocean forecasts. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved. C1 [Yang, Haoping; Arnone, Robert] Univ So Mississippi, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Jolliff, Jason] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Yang, HP (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM Haoping.Yang@gmail.com FU Naval Research Laboratory, BAA Award [N00173-09-2-C903] FX Financial support was provided by the Naval Research Laboratory, BAA Award Number N00173-09-2-C903 to the University of Southern Mississippi. Appreciation is extended to Ryan Vandermeulen for VIIRS data. We are grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions. NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD MAR 1 PY 2015 VL 158 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.11.010 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA CA4MR UT WOS:000348879100001 ER PT J AU Breger, J Delehanty, JB Medintz, IL AF Breger, Joyce Delehanty, James B. Medintz, Igor L. TI Continuing progress toward controlled intracellular delivery of semiconductor quantum dots SO WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; CELL-PENETRATING PEPTIDES; LIVE CELLS; IN-VITRO; BIOCOMPATIBLE SEMICONDUCTOR; PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; CYTOSOLIC DELIVERY; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; SIRNA DELIVERY AB The biological applications of luminescent semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) continue to grow at a nearly unabated pace. This growth is driven, in part, by their unique photophysical and physicochemical properties which have allowed them to be used in many different roles in cellular biology including: as superior fluorophores for a wide variety of cellular labeling applications; as active platforms for assembly of nanoscale sensors; and, more recently, as a powerful tool to understand the mechanisms of nanoparticle mediated drug delivery. Given that controlled cellular delivery is at the intersection of all these applications, the latest progress in delivering QDs to cells is examined here. A brief discussion of relevant considerations including the importance of materials preparation and bioconjugation along with the continuing issue of endosomal sequestration is initially provided for context. Methods for the cellular delivery of QDs are then highlighted including those based on passive exposure, facilitated strategies that utilize peptides or polymers and fully active modalities such as electroporation and other mechanically based methods. Following on this, the exciting advent of QD cellular delivery using multiple or combined mechanisms is then previewed. Several recent methods reporting endosomal escape of QD materials in cells are also examined in detail with a focus on the mechanisms by which access to the cytosol is achieved. The ongoing debate over QD cytotoxicity is also discussed along with a perspective on how this field will continue to evolve in the future. (C) 2014 The Authors. WIREs Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology published byWiley Periodicals, Inc.WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2015, 7:131-151. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1281 For further resources related to this article, please visit the . Conflict of interest: The authors have declared no conflicts of interest for this article. C1 [Breger, Joyce; Delehanty, James B.; Medintz, Igor L.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil NR 114 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 7 U2 88 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1939-5116 EI 1939-0041 J9 WIRES NANOMED NANOBI JI Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.-Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol. PD MAR-APR PY 2015 VL 7 IS 2 BP 131 EP 151 DI 10.1002/wnan.1281 PG 21 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AZ9LY UT WOS:000348537400002 PM 25154379 ER PT J AU Howe, PG AF Howe, P. Gardner, III TI Keeping Sights on Targets SO NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Howe, P. Gardner, III] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. [Howe, P. Gardner, III] Naval War Coll, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Howe, PG (reprint author), US Navy, Washington, DC USA.; Howe, PG (reprint author), Naval War Coll, Newport, RI 02841 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US NAVAL WAR COLL PI NEWPORT PA 686 CUSHING RD, NEWPORT, RI 02841 USA SN 0028-1484 J9 NAV WAR COLL REV JI Nav. War Coll. Rev. PD SPR PY 2015 VL 68 IS 2 BP 7 EP 10 PG 4 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA DP3ZM UT WOS:000378435000002 ER PT J AU Chun, C Neta, B AF Chun, Changbum Neta, Beny TI Basins of attraction for Zhou-Chen-Song fourth order family of methods for multiple roots SO MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE Iterative methods; Order of convergence; Rational maps; Basin of attraction; Conjugacy classes ID NONLINEAR EQUATIONS; ORDER; ITERATION; DYNAMICS AB There are very few optimal fourth order methods for solving nonlinear algebraic equations having roots of multiplicity m. In a previous paper we have compared 5 such methods, two of which require the evaluation of the (m - 1)th root. We have used the basin of attraction idea to recommend the best optimal fourth order method. Here we suggest to improve on the best of those five, namely Zhou-Chen-Song method by showing how to choose the best weight function. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (IMACS). C1 [Chun, Changbum] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Math, Suwon 440746, South Korea. [Neta, Beny] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Neta, B (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM cbchun@skku.edu; bneta@nps.edu FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [NRF-2013R1A1A2005012] FX This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2013R1A1A2005012). NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4754 EI 1872-7166 J9 MATH COMPUT SIMULAT JI Math. Comput. Simul. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 109 BP 74 EP 91 DI 10.1016/j.matcom.2014.08.005 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA AY5GA UT WOS:000347599700006 ER PT J AU Snow, AW Perkins, FK Ancona, MG Robinson, JT Snow, ES Foos, EE AF Snow, Arthur W. Perkins, F. Keith Ancona, Mario G. Robinson, Jeremy T. Snow, Eric S. Foos, Edward E. TI Disordered Nanomaterials for Chemielectric Vapor Sensing: A Review SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Carbon nanotubes; chemical vapor sensors; disorder; gold nanoclusters; nanomaterials; reduced graphene oxide; chemielectric point sensing ID REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE; CARBON NANOTUBES; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; CHEMICAL-DETECTION; CHEMIRESISTOR SENSORS; METAL; RESISTIVITY; COMPOSITES; ARRAYS; BLACK AB Although robust chemical vapor detection by chemielectric point sensors remains as a largely unmet challenge at present, the best performance to date and the most likely avenue for future progress is with sensor designs in which the transductive element is a disordered nanostructured material. We here review the evidence for this claim, with illustrations drawn from recent work on sensors made from gold nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and reduced graphene oxide nanoplatelets. These examples can be regarded as being prototypical of disordered nanostructured films formed of primitive objects that are nanoscopic in 3-D, 2-D, and 1-D, respectively. C1 [Snow, Arthur W.; Perkins, F. Keith; Ancona, Mario G.; Robinson, Jeremy T.; Snow, Eric S.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Foos, Edward E.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Snow, AW (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM art.snow@nrl.navy.mil; keith.perkins@nrl.navy.mil; ancona@estd.nrl.navy.mil; jeremy.robinson@nrl.navy.mil; eric.snow@nrl.navy.mil; edward.foos@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was Dr. Chang-Soo Kim. NR 83 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 78 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1530-437X EI 1558-1748 J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 15 IS 3 BP 1301 EP 1320 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2014.2364677 PG 20 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA AX1ZS UT WOS:000346743600001 ER PT J AU Punnoose, R Crainiceanu, A Rapp, D AF Punnoose, Roshan Crainiceanu, Adina Rapp, David TI SPARQL in the cloud using Rya SO INFORMATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE RDF triple store; SPARQL; Distributed; Scalable; Cloud AB SPARQL is the standard query language for Resource Description Framework (RDF) data. RDF was designed with the initial goal of developing metadata for the Internet. While the number and the size of the generated RDF datasets are continually increasing, most of today's best RDF storage solutions are confined to a single node. Working on a single node has significant scalability issues, especially considering the magnitude of modern day data. In this paper we introduce Rya, a scalable RDF data management system that efficiently supports SPARQL queries. We introduce storage methods, indexing schemes, and query processing techniques that scale to billions of triples across multiple nodes, while providing fast and easy access to the data through conventional query mechanisms such as SPARQL Our performance evaluation shows that in most cases, our system outperforms existing distributed RDF solutions, even systems much more complex than ours. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Crainiceanu, Adina] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Rapp, David] Lab Telecommun Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Crainiceanu, A (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM roshanp@gmail.com; adina@usna.edu; rapp@ltsnet.net NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4379 EI 1873-6076 J9 INFORM SYST JI Inf. Syst. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 48 BP 181 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.is.2013.07.001 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA AW4CZ UT WOS:000346230200012 ER PT J AU Lee, JS Ainsworth, TL Wang, YT Chen, KS AF Lee, Jong-Sen Ainsworth, Thomas L. Wang, Yanting Chen, Kun-Shan TI Polarimetric SAR Speckle Filtering and the Extended Sigma Filter SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Polarimetric SAR (PolSAR); speckle reduction; very high resolution SAR ID COHERENCY MATRIX; SCATTERING-MODEL; DECOMPOSITION; IMAGERY AB The advancement of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technology with high-resolution and quad-polarization data demands better and efficient polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) speckle-filtering algorithms. Two requirements on PolSAR speckle filtering are proposed: 1) speckle filtering should be applied to distributed media only, and strong hard targets should be kept unfiltered; and 2) scattering mechanism preservation should be taken into consideration, in addition to speckle reduction. The purpose of this paper is twofold: 1) to propose an effective algorithm that is an extension of the improved sigma filter developed for single-polarization SAR; and 2) to investigate speckle characteristics and the need for speckle filtering for very high resolution (decimeter) PolSAR data. The proposed filter was specifically developed to account for the aforementioned two requirements. Its effectiveness is demonstrated with Jet Propulsion Laboratory airborne synthetic aperture radar data, and comparisons are made with a boxcar filter, the refined Lee filter, and a Wishart-based nonlocal filter. For very high resolution PolSAR systems, such as the German Aerospace Center F-SAR and Japanese Pi-SAR2, with decimeter spatial resolution, we found that the complexWishart distribution is still valid to describe PolSAR speckle characteristics of distributed media and that speckle filtering may be needed depending on the size of objects to be analyzed. F-SAR X-band data with 25-cm resolution is used for illustration. C1 [Lee, Jong-Sen; Ainsworth, Thomas L.; Wang, Yanting] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lee, Jong-Sen] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. [Chen, Kun-Shan] Natl Cent Univ, Zhongli 32001, Taiwan. RP Lee, JS (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jong_sen_lee@yahoo.com NR 22 TC 6 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 31 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 EI 1558-0644 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD MAR PY 2015 VL 53 IS 3 BP 1150 EP 1160 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2014.2335114 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AR9MZ UT WOS:000343900600002 ER PT J AU China, S Scarnato, B Owen, RC Zhang, B Ampadu, MT Kumar, S Dzepina, K Dziobak, MP Fialho, P Perlinger, JA Hueber, J Helmig, D Mazzoleni, LR Mazzoleni, C AF China, Swarup Scarnato, Barbara Owen, Robert C. Zhang, Bo Ampadu, Marian T. Kumar, Sumit Dzepina, Katja Dziobak, Michael P. Fialho, Paulo Perlinger, Judith A. Hueber, Jacques Helmig, Detlev Mazzoleni, Lynn R. Mazzoleni, Claudio TI Morphology and mixing state of aged soot particles at a remote marine free troposphere site: Implications for optical properties SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DISCRETE-DIPOLE APPROXIMATION; BLACK-CARBON AEROSOLS; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES; TECHNICAL NOTE; NS-SOOT; MODEL; SULFATE; HYGROSCOPICITY; SENSITIVITY; DEPENDENCE AB The radiative properties of soot particles depend on their morphology and mixing state, but their evolution during transport is still elusive. Here we report observations from an electron microscopy analysis of individual particles transported in the free troposphere over long distances to the remote Pico Mountain Observatory in the Azores in the North Atlantic. Approximately 70% of the soot particles were highly compact and of those 26% were thinly coated. Discrete dipole approximation simulations indicate that this compaction results in an increase in soot single scattering albedo by a factor of <= 2.17. The top of the atmosphere direct radiative forcing is typically smaller for highly compact than mass-equivalent lacy soot. The forcing estimated using Mie theory is within 12% of the forcing estimated using the discrete dipole approximation for a high surface albedo, implying that Mie calculations may provide a reasonable approximation for compact soot above remote marine clouds. C1 [China, Swarup; Zhang, Bo; Kumar, Sumit; Dzepina, Katja; Dziobak, Michael P.; Perlinger, Judith A.; Mazzoleni, Lynn R.; Mazzoleni, Claudio] Michigan Technol Univ, Atmospher Sci Program, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [China, Swarup; Kumar, Sumit; Mazzoleni, Claudio] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Scarnato, Barbara] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA USA. [Owen, Robert C.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ampadu, Marian T.; Dzepina, Katja; Mazzoleni, Lynn R.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Chem, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Fialho, Paulo] Univ Azores, Dept Agr Sci, Angra Do Heroismo, Portugal. [Perlinger, Judith A.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Hueber, Jacques; Helmig, Detlev] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP China, S (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Atmospher Sci Program, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM schina@mtu.edu; cmazzoleni@mtu.edu RI Dzepina, Katja/A-1372-2014; OI Fialho, Paulo/0000-0001-9137-3870 FU U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric System Research [DE-SC0006941]; National Science Foundation [AGS-1110059]; NASA's Earth and Space Science Graduate Fellowship [NNX13AN68H]; Earth Planetary and Space Sciences Institute at Michigan Technological University FX The data for this paper are available upon request from the authors. This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric System Research (grant DE-SC0006941), the National Science Foundation (grant AGS-1110059), NASA's Earth and Space Science Graduate Fellowship (grant NNX13AN68H), and the Earth Planetary and Space Sciences Institute at Michigan Technological University. We thank C. Sorensen for insightful discussions on the fractal dimension and Jesse Nordeng and Kyle Gorkowski for helping in developing the SEM sampler. We are grateful for the pioneering work of the late Richard Honrath in establishing the PMO site. NR 57 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 6 U2 54 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD FEB 28 PY 2015 VL 42 IS 4 BP 1243 EP 1250 DI 10.1002/2014GL062404 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CE5DY UT WOS:000351851900035 ER PT J AU Esqueda, IS Cress, CD Cao, Y Che, Y Fritze, M Zhou, C AF Esqueda, I. S. Cress, C. D. Cao, Y. Che, Y. Fritze, M. Zhou, C. TI The impact of defect scattering on the quasi-ballistic transport of nanoscale conductors SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-MOBILITY TRANSISTORS; PROTON IRRADIATION; CARRIER TRANSPORT; CARBON NANOTUBES; ION IRRADIATION; MOSFETS; PHYSICS; OXIDE AB Using the Landauer approach for carrier transport, we analyze the impact of defects induced by ion irradiation on the transport properties of nanoscale conductors that operate in the quasi-ballistic regime. Degradation of conductance results from a reduction of carrier mean free path due to the introduction of defects in the conducting channel. We incorporate scattering mechanisms from radiation-induced defects into calculations of the transmission coefficient and present a technique for extracting modeling parameters from near-equilibrium transport measurements. These parameters are used to describe degradation in the transport properties of nanoscale devices using a formalism that is valid under quasi-ballistic operation. The analysis includes the effects of band-structure and dimensionality on the impact of defect scattering and discusses transport properties of nanoscale devices from the diffusive to the ballistic limit. We compare calculations with recently published measurements of irradiated nanoscale devices such as single-walled carbon nanotubes, graphene, and deep-submicron Si metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Esqueda, I. S.; Fritze, M.] Univ So Calif, Inst Informat Sci, Marina Del Rey, CA 90292 USA. [Cress, C. D.] Naval Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cao, Y.; Che, Y.; Zhou, C.] Univ So Calif, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Esqueda, IS (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Inst Informat Sci, Marina Del Rey, CA 90292 USA. EM isanchez@isi.edu RI Zhou, Chongwu/F-7483-2010; OI Cress, Cory/0000-0001-7563-6693 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA-1-10-1-0015, HDTRA-1-10-1-0122] FX This work was supported (in part) by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Basic Research Award Nos. HDTRA-1-10-1-0015 and HDTRA-1-10-1-0122. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 28 PY 2015 VL 117 IS 8 AR 084319 DI 10.1063/1.4913779 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CD5MR UT WOS:000351132500051 ER PT J AU Emery, SB Xin, Y Ridge, CJ Buszek, RJ Boatz, JA Boyle, JM Little, BK Lindsay, CM AF Emery, S. B. Xin, Y. Ridge, C. J. Buszek, R. J. Boatz, J. A. Boyle, J. M. Little, B. K. Lindsay, C. M. TI Unusual behavior in magnesium-copper cluster matter produced by helium droplet mediated deposition SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; MG-CU; EXCHANGE; SYSTEM; FILMS; NANOCOMPOSITE; NANOPARTICLES; COMBUSTION; GROUP-11; ALLOYS AB We demonstrate the ability to produce core-shell nanoclusters of materials that typically undergo intermetallic reactions using helium droplet mediated deposition. Composite structures of magnesium and copper were produced by sequential condensation of metal vapors inside the 0.4 K helium droplet baths and then gently deposited onto a substrate for analysis. Upon deposition, the individual clusters, with diameters similar to 5 nm, form a cluster material which was subsequently characterized using scanning and transmission electron microscopies. Results of this analysis reveal the following about the deposited cluster material: it is in the un-alloyed chemical state, it maintains a stable core-shell 5 nm structure at sub-monolayer quantities, and it aggregates into unreacted structures of similar to 75 nm during further deposition. Surprisingly, high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy images revealed that the copper appears to displace the magnesium at the core of the composite cluster despite magnesium being the initially condensed species within the droplet. This phenomenon was studied further using preliminary density functional theory which revealed that copper atoms, when added sequentially to magnesium clusters, penetrate into the magnesium cores. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Emery, S. B.; Little, B. K.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Emery, S. B.; Ridge, C. J.; Little, B. K.; Lindsay, C. M.] Air Force Res Lab, Munit Directorate, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. [Xin, Y.] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Buszek, R. J.; Boatz, J. A.] ERC Inc, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. [Emery, S. B.; Boyle, J. M.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Explos Ordnance Technol Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Emery, SB (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Explos Ordnance Technol Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. EM samuel.emery@navy.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research and Program [3002NW]; Florida State University Research Foundation; National High Magnetic Field Laboratory [NSF-DMR-0654118]; State of Florida; Department of Defense (DoD) High Performance Computing Modernization Program at the DoD Supercomputing Resource Center located at the Engineer Research and Development Center [96TW-2014-0105] FX This research was performed while C.J.R. held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Air Force Research Laboratory Munitions Directorate. This work was supported by research Grant 3002NW from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and Program Officer Dr. Michael Berman. The TEM work was carried out at Florida State University, and the TEM facility at FSU is funded and supported by the Florida State University Research Foundation, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NSF-DMR-0654118), and the State of Florida. R.J.B. and J.A.B. gratefully acknowledge a grant of computer time from the Department of Defense (DoD) High Performance Computing Modernization Program at the DoD Supercomputing Resource Center located at the Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS. DISTRIBUTION A, Approved for public release, distribution unlimited (96TW-2014-0105). NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 28 PY 2015 VL 142 IS 8 AR 084307 DI 10.1063/1.4913210 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA CC7LC UT WOS:000350548000027 PM 25725731 ER PT J AU Bernstein, N Hellberg, CS Johannes, MD Mazin, II Mehl, MJ AF Bernstein, N. Hellberg, C. Stephen Johannes, M. D. Mazin, I. I. Mehl, M. J. TI What superconducts in sulfur hydrides under pressure and why SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; BASIS-SET; MGB2; HYDROGEN; PHASE AB The recent discovery of superconductivity at 190 K in highly compressed H2S is spectacular not only because it sets a record high critical temperature, but because it does so in a material that appears to be, and we argue here that it is, a conventional strong-coupling BCS superconductor. Intriguingly, superconductivity in the observed pressure and temperature range was predicted theoretically in a similar compound, H3S. Several important questions about this remarkable result, however, are left unanswered: (1) Does the stoichiometry of the superconducting compound differ from the nominal composition, and could it be the predicted H3S compound? (2) Is the physical origin of the anomalously high critical temperature related only to the high H phonon frequencies, or does strong electron-ion coupling play a role? We show that at experimentally relevant pressures H2S is unstable, decomposing into H3S and S, and that H3S has a record high T-c due to its covalent bonds driven metallic, which make this compound rather similar to MgB2, but unlike most other good conventional superconductors. C1 [Bernstein, N.; Hellberg, C. Stephen; Johannes, M. D.; Mazin, I. I.; Mehl, M. J.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bernstein, N (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Mehl, Michael/H-8814-2016 FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's basic research program FX We acknowledge useful discussions with D.A. Papacon-stantopoulos and M. Calandra. This research was funded by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's basic research program. Computations were performed at the AFRL and ERDC DoD Supercomputing Resource Centers. NR 28 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 21 U2 112 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 27 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 6 AR 060511 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.060511 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA CC4IP UT WOS:000350317300006 ER PT J AU Karasik, M Weaver, JL Aglitskiy, Y Oh, J Obenschain, SP AF Karasik, Max Weaver, J. L. Aglitskiy, Y. Oh, J. Obenschain, S. P. TI Suppression of Laser Nonuniformity Imprinting Using a Thin High-Z Coating SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED SPATIAL INCOHERENCE; NIKE KRF LASER; FUSION-TARGETS; BEAM; TRANSMISSION; PERFORMANCE; REDUCTION; FACILITY; ADIABAT; DRIVEN AB Imprinting of laser nonuniformity is a limiting factor in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion experiments, particularly when available laser smoothing is limited. A thin (similar to 400 angstrom) high-Z metal coating is found to substantially suppress laser imprint for planar targets driven by pulse shapes and intensities relevant to implosions on the National Ignition Facility while retaining low adiabat target acceleration. A hybrid of indirect and direct drive, this configuration results in initial ablation by x rays from the heated high-Z layer, creating a large standoff for perturbation smoothing. C1 [Karasik, Max; Weaver, J. L.; Obenschain, S. P.] Naval Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Aglitskiy, Y.] Leidos Inc, Reston, VA 20190 USA. [Oh, J.] RSI, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. RP Karasik, M (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU U.S. DOE NNSA FX The authors are grateful for the work of the Nike laser and target crews-D. P. Brown, B. Jenkins, T. J. Kessler, S. Krafsig, and S. Terrell-the assistance of L. Y. Chan, and the helpful discussions with A. L. Velikovich. This work is supported by the U.S. DOE NNSA. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2015 VL 114 IS 8 AR 085001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.085001 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CC2YH UT WOS:000350210600006 PM 25768766 ER PT J AU Das, P Kanchanavatee, N Helton, JS Huang, K Baumbach, RE Bauer, ED White, BD Burnett, VW Maple, MB Lynn, JW Janoschek, M AF Das, Pinaki Kanchanavatee, N. Helton, J. S. Huang, K. Baumbach, R. E. Bauer, E. D. White, B. D. Burnett, V. W. Maple, M. B. Lynn, J. W. Janoschek, M. TI Chemical pressure tuning of URu2Si2 via isoelectronic substitution of Ru with Fe SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON SUPERCONDUCTOR URU2SI2; HIDDEN-ORDER TRANSITION; FERMION SYSTEM URU2SI2; COMPOUND URU2SI2; MAGNETIC EXCITATIONS; SURFACE; TEMPERATURE; RESISTIVITY; ENTROPY; LATTICE AB We have used specific heat and neutron diffraction measurements on single crystals of URu2-xFexSi2 for Fe concentrations x <= 0.7 to establish that chemical substitution of Ru with Fe acts as "chemical pressure" P-ch as previously proposed by Kanchanavatee et al. [Phys. Rev. B 84, 245122 ( 2011)] based on bulk measurements on polycrystalline samples. Notably, neutron diffraction reveals a sharp increase of the uranium magnetic moment at x = 0.1, reminiscent of the behavior at the "hidden order" to large-moment-antiferromagnetic phase transition observed at a pressure Px approximate to 0.5-0.7 GP(a) in URu2Si2. Using the unit-cell volume determined from our measurements and an isothermal compressibility kappa(T) = 5.2 x 10(-3) GPa(-1) for URu2Si2, we determine the chemical pressure Pch in URu2-xFexSi2 as a function of x. The resulting temperature (T)-chemical pressure ( P-ch) phase diagram for URu2-xFexSi2 is in agreement with the established temperature (T)-external pressure (P) phase diagram of URu2Si2. C1 [Das, Pinaki; Baumbach, R. E.; Bauer, E. D.; Janoschek, M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA CMMS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kanchanavatee, N.; White, B. D.; Burnett, V. W.; Maple, M. B.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Kanchanavatee, N.; Huang, K.; White, B. D.; Burnett, V. W.; Maple, M. B.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Adv Nanosci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Helton, J. S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Helton, J. S.; Lynn, J. W.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Huang, K.; Maple, M. B.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Baumbach, R. E.] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Janoschek, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA CMMS, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mjanoschek@lanl.gov RI Das, Pinaki/C-2877-2012; Janoschek, Marc/M-8871-2015; OI Janoschek, Marc/0000-0002-2943-0173; Bauer, Eric/0000-0003-0017-1937 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-FG02-04ER46105]; National Science Foundation [DMR-0802478] FX The research at UCSD was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Grant No. DE-FG02-04ER46105 (sample synthesis) and the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR-0802478 (sample characterization). Work at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. The identification of any commercial product or trade name does not imply endorsement or recommendation by NIST. We thank William Ratcliff and Yang Zhao for technical support during the experiments. NR 47 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 31 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 26 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 8 AR 085122 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.085122 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA CC2XI UT WOS:000350207900001 ER PT J AU Kidwell, DA Dominguez, DD Grabowski, KS DeChiaro, LF AF Kidwell, D. A. Dominguez, D. D. Grabowski, K. S. DeChiaro, L. F., Jr. TI Observation of radio frequency emissions from electrochemical loading experiments SO CURRENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Calorimetry; deuterium; excess energy; palladium; radio frequency ID HEAVY-WATER; PALLADIUM; DEUTERIUM; ELECTROLYSIS; CALORIMETRY; SYSTEM AB Palladium foil cathodes were electrochemically loaded with deuterium from alkaline solutions of heavy water in specially designed closed calorimeter cells. Here, one cell is described that showed low levels of constant heat (1-7 mW) and radio frequency (RF) emanations, but the RF was not correlated with the heat production. This cell is compared with Pd90Rh10 alloy cathodes that showed excess energy bursts of 2.4-44.3 kJ. In these cells, RF coincident with the bursts was observed peaking at different frequencies from about 450 kHz and extending into the MHz range. Some of the excess energy production in LENR may be in the MHz RF range, which has no conventional explanation in electrochemistry. C1 [Kidwell, D. A.; Grabowski, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dominguez, D. D.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [DeChiaro, L. F., Jr.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr Dahlgren, Dahlgren, VA USA. RP Kidwell, DA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.kidwell@nrl.navy.mil FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency FX Financial support from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency is gratefully acknowledged. The views, opinions and/or findings contained in this manuscript are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official views or policies, either expressed or implied, of the Naval Research Laboratory or the Department of Defense, USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0011-3891 J9 CURR SCI INDIA JI Curr. Sci. PD FEB 25 PY 2015 VL 108 IS 4 BP 578 EP 581 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CF0KB UT WOS:000352231500023 ER PT J AU Russell, KL Baker, CI Hansen, C Poland, GA Ryan, MAK Merrill, MM Gray, GC AF Russell, Kevin L. Baker, Carolyn I. Hansen, Christian Poland, Gregory A. Ryan, Margaret A. K. Merrill, Mary M. Gray, Gregory C. TI Lack of effectiveness of the 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine in reducing all-cause pneumonias among healthy young military recruits: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Pneumonia; Epidemiology; Streptococcus; Pneumococcus; Vaccine ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; MYCOPLASMA-PNEUMONIAE; MARINE-CORPS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; INFLUENZA; OUTBREAK; DISEASE; DIAGNOSIS; PERSONNEL AB Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae infections have periodically caused significant morbidity and outbreaks among military personnel, especially trainees. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (PPV23) in reducing pneumonia in healthy military trainees. Methods: From 2000-2003, 152 723 military trainees from 5 US training camps were enrolled in a doubleb-lind, placebo-controlled trial of PPV23. Participants were closely monitored during basic training for radiographically confirmed pneumonia etiology and loss-of-training days. Participants were also followed using electronic medical encounter data until I June 2007 for three additional outcomes: any-cause pneumonia, any acute respiratory disease, and meningitis. Results: Comparison of demographic data by study arm suggested the randomization procedures were sound. During basic training, 371 study participants developed radiographically confirmed pneumonia. None had evidence of S. pneumoniae infection, but other etiologies included adenovirus (38%), Chlamydophila pneumoniae (9%), and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (8%). During the follow-up period, many study participants, in both the vaccine and placebo groups, had clinical encounters for the medical outcomes of interest. However, Cox's proportional hazard modeling revealed no evidence of a protective vaccine effect during recruit training (radiographically confirmed pneumonia) or up to 6.7 years after enrollment (any-cause pneumonia, any acute respiratory disease, or meningitis). Conclusions: Data from this large, double-blind, placebo controlled trial do not support routine use of PPV23 among healthy new military trainees. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Russell, Kevin L.; Baker, Carolyn I.; Hansen, Christian; Ryan, Margaret A. K.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Operat Infect Dis Dept, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Russell, Kevin L.] Armed Forces Hlth Surveillance Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA. [Baker, Carolyn I.] Hologic Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Poland, Gregory A.] Mayo Vaccine Res Grp, Coll Med, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Ryan, Margaret A. K.] Naval Hosp Camp Pendleton, Clin Invest Program, Camp Pendleton, CA 92055 USA. [Merrill, Mary M.; Gray, Gregory C.] Duke Univ, Global Hlth Inst, Div Infect Dis, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Merrill, Mary M.; Gray, Gregory C.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Russell, KL (reprint author), Duke Univ, Global Hlth Inst, Div Infect Dis, 315 Trent Rd, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM kevin.russell4@us.army.mil; Gregory.gray@duke.edu FU US Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity of the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command [DAMD17-00-2-0013] FX This work was supported by the US Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity of the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command [grant number DAMD17-00-2-0013]. Wyeth Pharmaceuticals (now Pfizer) provided support during the first half of the study by donation of study vaccine (Pnu-Imune 23) and to the equivalent product produced by Merck & Co. Inc. (Pneumovax. 23). NR 42 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 25 PY 2015 VL 33 IS 9 BP 1182 EP 1187 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.12.058 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA CC2QO UT WOS:000350189900013 PM 25579777 ER PT J AU Palastro, JP Kaganovich, D Gordon, D Hafizi, B Helle, M Penano, J Ting, A AF Palastro, J. P. Kaganovich, D. Gordon, D. Hafizi, B. Helle, M. Penano, J. Ting, A. TI A nonlinear plasma retroreflector for single pulse Compton backscattering SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Compton scattering; laser wakefield acceleration; plasma mirror; x-ray source; laser plasma interactions ID STIMULATED RAMAN-SCATTERING; INHOMOGENEOUS-PLASMA; LASER-PULSES; X-RAYS; ELECTRONS; BEAMS AB Compton scattered x-rays can be generated using a configuration consisting of a single ultrashort laser pulse and a shaped gas target. Upon ionization the gas target serves as a plasma mirror that reflects the incident pulse providing a counter-propagating electromagnetic wiggler. While plasma mirrors are often conceived as linear Fresnel reflectors, we demonstrate that for high-intensity, ultrashort laser pulses the reflection results from two distinct nonlinear mechanisms. At lower densities, the reflection arises from the emission of an electromagnetic pulse during the saturation of the absolute Raman instability at the quarter critical surface. At higher densities the reflection of the pulse from the critical surface sets up a density fluctuation that acts as a Bragg-like reflector. These mechanisms, occurring in a non-perturbative regime of laser-plasma interactions, are examined numerically in order to characterize the Compton scattered radiation. C1 [Palastro, J. P.] Icarus Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20824 USA. [Kaganovich, D.; Gordon, D.; Hafizi, B.; Helle, M.; Penano, J.; Ting, A.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Palastro, JP (reprint author), Icarus Res Inc, POB 30780, Bethesda, MD 20824 USA. EM palastro1@gmail.com OI Kaganovich, Dmitri/0000-0002-0905-5871 FU Department of Energy; Naval Research Laboratory 6.1 Program FX This work is supported by the Department of Energy and the Naval Research Laboratory 6.1 Program. The authors would like to thank Y-H Chen, P Sprangle, S Kalmykov, and A Arefiev for fruitful discussions. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD FEB 24 PY 2015 VL 17 AR 023072 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/17/2/023072 PG 13 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CF9EX UT WOS:000352867100010 ER PT J AU Gunlycke, D White, CT AF Gunlycke, Daniel White, Carter T. TI Probing barrier transmission in ballistic graphene SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; SCATTERING; TRANSPORT AB We derive the local density of states from itinerant and boundary states around transport barriers and edges in graphene and show that the itinerant states lead to mesoscale undulations that could be used to probe their scattering properties in equilibrium without the need for lateral transport measurements. This finding will facilitate vetting of extended structural defects, such as grain boundaries or line defects as transport barriers for switchable graphene resonant tunneling transistors. We also show that barriers could exhibit double minima and that the charge density away from highly reflective barriers and edges scales as x(-2). C1 [Gunlycke, Daniel; White, Carter T.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gunlycke, D (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM daniel.gunlycke@nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Office of Naval Research; U.S. Naval Research Laboratory FX The authors acknowledge support from the U.S. Office of Naval Research, directly and through the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 24 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 7 AR 075425 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.075425 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA CC1MC UT WOS:000350103800008 ER PT J AU Fragiadakis, D Roland, CM AF Fragiadakis, D. Roland, C. M. TI Rotational dynamics of simple asymmetric molecules SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID GLASS-FORMING LIQUIDS; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; LIGHT-SCATTERING; PHOTON-CORRELATION; SUPERCOOLED STATE; POLYMERS; SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; SIMULATIONS; TRANSITION AB Molecular dynamic simulations were carried out on rigid diatomic molecules, which exhibit both alpha (structural) and beta (secondary) dynamics. The relaxation scenarios range from onset behavior, in which a distinct alpha process emerges on cooling, to merging behavior, associated with two relaxation peaks that converge at higher temperature. These properties, as well as the manifestation of the beta peak as an excess wing, depend not only on thermodynamic conditions, but also on both the symmetry of the molecule and the correlation function (odd or even) used to analyze its dynamics. These observations help to reconcile divergent results obtained from different experiments. For example, the beta process is more intense and the alpha-relaxation peak is narrower in dielectric relaxation spectra than in dynamic light scattering or NMR measurements. In the simulations herein, this follows from the weaker contribution of the secondary relaxation to even-order correlation functions, related to the magnitude of the relevant angular jumps. C1 [Fragiadakis, D.; Roland, C. M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Fragiadakis, D (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research, in part by ONR [331] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research, in part by ONR Code 331. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 18 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB 24 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 2 AR 022310 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.91.022310 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA CC1NG UT WOS:000350107200003 PM 25768508 ER PT J AU Matta, JT Garg, U Li, W Frauendorf, S Ayangeakaa, AD Patel, D Schlax, KW Palit, R Saha, S Sethi, J Trivedi, T Ghugre, SS Raut, R Sinha, AK Janssens, RVF Zhu, S Carpenter, MP Lauritsen, T Seweryniak, D Chiara, CJ Kondev, FG Hartley, DJ Petrache, CM Mukhopadhyay, S Lakshmi, DV Raju, MK Rao, PVM Tandel, SK Ray, S Donau, F AF Matta, J. T. Garg, U. Li, W. Frauendorf, S. Ayangeakaa, A. D. Patel, D. Schlax, K. W. Palit, R. Saha, S. Sethi, J. Trivedi, T. Ghugre, S. S. Raut, R. Sinha, A. K. Janssens, R. V. F. Zhu, S. Carpenter, M. P. Lauritsen, T. Seweryniak, D. Chiara, C. J. Kondev, F. G. Hartley, D. J. Petrache, C. M. Mukhopadhyay, S. Lakshmi, D. Vijaya Raju, M. Kumar Rao, P. V. Madhusudhana Tandel, S. K. Ray, S. Doenau, F. TI Transverse Wobbling in Pr-135 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COINCIDENCE DATA; NUCLEI; MODE AB A pair of transverse wobbling bands is observed in the nucleus Pr-135. The wobbling is characterized by Delta I = 1, E2 transitions between the bands, and a decrease in the wobbling energy confirms its transverse nature. Additionally, a transition from transverse wobbling to a three-quasiparticle band comprised of strong magnetic dipole transitions is observed. These observations conform well to results from calculations with the tilted axis cranking model and the quasiparticle rotor model. C1 [Matta, J. T.; Garg, U.; Li, W.; Frauendorf, S.; Ayangeakaa, A. D.; Patel, D.; Schlax, K. W.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Palit, R.; Saha, S.; Sethi, J.; Trivedi, T.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. [Ghugre, S. S.; Raut, R.; Sinha, A. K.] UGC DAE Consortium Sci Res, Kolkata 700098, India. [Janssens, R. V. F.; Zhu, S.; Carpenter, M. P.; Lauritsen, T.; Seweryniak, D.; Chiara, C. J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chiara, C. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kondev, F. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Hartley, D. J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Petrache, C. M.] Univ Paris 11, Ctr Sci Nucl & Sci Mat, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Petrache, C. M.] CNRS, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Mukhopadhyay, S.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Lakshmi, D. Vijaya; Raju, M. Kumar; Rao, P. V. Madhusudhana] Andhra Univ, Dept Nucl Phys, Visakhapatnam 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Tandel, S. K.] UM DAE Ctr Excellence Basic Sci, Bombay 400098, Maharashtra, India. [Ray, S.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata 700064, India. [Doenau, F.] Helmholtz Zentrum, Inst Strahlenphys, D-01314 Dresden, Germany. RP Matta, JT (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RI Palit, Rudrajyoti/F-5185-2012; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; Ayangeakaa, Akaa/F-3683-2015; Mukhi, Kumar Raju/C-8099-2016 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Ayangeakaa, Akaa/0000-0003-1679-3175; Mukhi, Kumar Raju/0000-0002-2717-281X FU U.S. National Science Foundation [PHY-1068192 (UND), PHY-1203100 (USNA)]; APS-IUSSTF Physics Student and Post-doc Visitation Program; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357 (ANL), DE-FG02-95ER40934 (UND), DE- FG02-94ER40834 (UMCP)]; Department of Science and Technology, Government of India [IR/S2/PF-03/2003-II, IR/S2/PF-03/2003-III] FX We thank Dr. Michael Albers for the helpful discussions about the angular distribution analysis procedures. This work has been supported in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation [Grants No. PHY-1068192 (UND) and No. PHY-1203100 (USNA)]; by the APS-IUSSTF Physics Student and Post-doc Visitation Program; by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contracts No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 (ANL), No. DE-FG02-95ER40934 (UND), and No. DE- FG02-94ER40834 (UMCP); and by the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India (Grants No. IR/S2/PF-03/2003-II and No. IR/S2/PF-03/2003-III). This research used resources of ANL's ATLAS facility, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 23 PY 2015 VL 114 IS 8 AR 082501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.082501 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CE8DR UT WOS:000352072100006 PM 25768759 ER PT J AU Basu, R Garvey, A Kinnamon, D AF Basu, Rajratan Garvey, Alfred Kinnamon, Daniel TI Effects of graphene on electro-optic response and ion-transport in a nematic liquid crystal SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CARBON NANOTUBES; BATIO3 NANOPARTICLES; ROTATIONAL VISCOSITY; TRANSIENT CURRENT; DISPLAYS; DEVICES; LAYERS; CELLS; FIELD; SIZE AB A small quantity of graphene, containing both monolayer and multilayer flakes, was doped in a nematic liquid crystal (LC), and the nematic electro-optic switching was found to be significantly faster in the LC + graphene hybrid than that of the pure LC. Additional studies revealed that the presence of graphene reduced the free ion concentration in the nematic media by ion-trapping process. The reduction of mobile ions in the LC was found to have subsequent impacts on the LC's conductivity and rotational viscosity, allowing the nematic director to respond quicker on switching the electric field on and off. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Basu, Rajratan; Garvey, Alfred; Kinnamon, Daniel] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Soft Matter & Nanomat Lab, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Basu, R (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Soft Matter & Nanomat Lab, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM basu@usna.edu FU Office of Naval Research (Division 312: Electronics Sensors and Network Research) [N0001414WX20791] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (Division 312: Electronics Sensors and Network Research) under Award No. N0001414WX20791. NR 62 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 21 PY 2015 VL 117 IS 7 AR 074301 DI 10.1063/1.4908608 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CD5MC UT WOS:000351130900016 ER PT J AU Scholz, P Kaspi, VM Lyne, AG Stappers, BW Bogdanov, S Cordes, JM Crawford, F Ferdman, RD Freire, PCC Hessels, JWT Lorimer, DR Stairs, IH Allen, B Brazier, A Camilo, F Cardoso, RF Chatterjee, S Deneva, JS Jenet, FA Karako-Argaman, C Knispel, B Lazarus, P Lee, KJ van Leeuwen, J Lynch, R Madsen, EC McLaughlin, MA Ransom, SM Siemens, X Spitler, LG Stovall, K Swiggum, JK Venkataraman, A Zhu, WW AF Scholz, P. Kaspi, V. M. Lyne, A. G. Stappers, B. W. Bogdanov, S. Cordes, J. M. Crawford, F. Ferdman, R. D. Freire, P. C. C. Hessels, J. W. T. Lorimer, D. R. Stairs, I. H. Allen, B. Brazier, A. Camilo, F. Cardoso, R. F. Chatterjee, S. Deneva, J. S. Jenet, F. A. Karako-Argaman, C. Knispel, B. Lazarus, P. Lee, K. J. van Leeuwen, J. Lynch, R. Madsen, E. C. McLaughlin, M. A. Ransom, S. M. Siemens, X. Spitler, L. G. Stovall, K. Swiggum, J. K. Venkataraman, A. Zhu, W. W. TI TIMING OF FIVE MILLISECOND PULSARS DISCOVERED IN THE PALFA SURVEY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE pulsars: general; pulsars: individual (PSR J0557+1551, PSR J1850+0244, PSR J1902+0300, PSR J1905+0453, PSR J1943+221) ID RELATIVISTIC CELESTIAL MECHANICS; ACCRETION-INDUCED COLLAPSE; BINARY-SYSTEMS; GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES; GALACTIC PLANE; SHAPIRO DELAY; RADIO PULSARS; NEUTRON-STARS; EVOLUTION; LIMITS AB We present the discovery of five millisecond pulsars (MSPs) from the PALFA Galactic plane survey using Arecibo. Four of these (PSRs J0557+1551, J1850+0244, J1902+0300, and J1943+2210) are binary pulsars whose companions are likely white dwarfs, and one (PSR J1905+0453) is isolated. Phase-coherent timing solutions, ranging from similar to 1 to similar to 3 yr in length, and based on observations from the Jodrell Bank and Arecibo telescopes, provide precise determinations of spin, orbital, and astrometric parameters. All five pulsars have large dispersion measures (>100 pc cm(-3), within the top 20% of all known Galactic field MSPs) and are faint (1.4 GHz flux density less than or similar to 0.1 mJy,within the faintest 5% of all known Galactic field MSPs), illustrating PALFA's ability to find increasingly faint, distant MSPs in the Galactic plane. In particular, PSR J1850+0244 has a dispersion measure of 540 pc cm(-3), the highest of all known MSPs. Such distant, faint MSPs are important input for accurately modeling the total Galactic MSP population. C1 [Scholz, P.; Kaspi, V. M.; Ferdman, R. D.; Karako-Argaman, C.; Lynch, R.; Madsen, E. C.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Lyne, A. G.; Stappers, B. W.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Bogdanov, S.; Camilo, F.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Cordes, J. M.; Brazier, A.; Chatterjee, S.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Crawford, F.] Franklin & Marshall Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Lancaster, PA 17604 USA. [Freire, P. C. C.; Lazarus, P.; Lee, K. J.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Hessels, J. W. T.; van Leeuwen, J.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Hessels, J. W. T.; van Leeuwen, J.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Lorimer, D. R.; Cardoso, R. F.; McLaughlin, M. A.; Swiggum, J. K.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Stairs, I. H.; Zhu, W. W.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Allen, B.; Siemens, X.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. [Allen, B.; Knispel, B.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. [Allen, B.; Knispel, B.] Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. [Brazier, A.] Cornell Univ, Cornell Ctr Adv Comp, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Deneva, J. S.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Jenet, F. A.; Spitler, L. G.] Univ Texas Brownsville, Ctr Gravitat Wave Astron, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA. [Ransom, S. M.] NRAO, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Stovall, K.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Venkataraman, A.] Arecibo Observ, Arecibo, PR 00612 USA. RP Scholz, P (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. EM pscholz@physics.mcgill.ca OI Ransom, Scott/0000-0001-5799-9714; Allen, Bruce/0000-0003-4285-6256 FU National Science Foundation [AST-1100968, PHYS-PHY1104617]; NSERC Alexander Graham Bell Canada Graduate Scholarship; NSERC Discovery Grant and Accelerator Supplement; FQRNT Centre de Recherche en Astrophysique du Quebec; R. Howard Webster Foundation Fellowship from the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR); Canada Research Chairs Program; Lorne Trottier Chair in Astrophysics and Cosmology; NWO Vidi fellowship; ERC Starting Grant "DRAGNET" [337062]; European Research Council for the ERC Starting Grant BEACON [279702]; IMPRS Bonn/Cologne; FQRNT B2; NSERC Discovery Grant and Discovery Accelerator Supplement; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI); NanoQuebec; RMGA; Fonds de recherche du Quebec-Nature et technologies (FRQ-NT) FX We thank the anonymous referee for their constructive comments. The Arecibo Observatory is operated by SRI International under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation (AST-1100968), and in alliance with Ana G. Mendez-Universidad Metropolitana, and the Universities Space Research Association. P.S. acknowledges support from an NSERC Alexander Graham Bell Canada Graduate Scholarship. V.M.K. acknowledges support from an NSERC Discovery Grant and Accelerator Supplement, the FQRNT Centre de Recherche en Astrophysique du Quebec, an R. Howard Webster Foundation Fellowship from the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), the Canada Research Chairs Program and the Lorne Trottier Chair in Astrophysics and Cosmology. J.W.T.H. acknowledges funding from an NWO Vidi fellowship and ERC Starting Grant "DRAGNET" (337062). P.C.C.F. and L.G.S. gratefully acknowledge financial support by the European Research Council for the ERC Starting Grant BEACON under contract No. 279702. P.L. acknowledges the support of IMPRS Bonn/Cologne and FQRNT B2. Work at Cornell University was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (PHYS-PHY1104617). Pulsar research at UBC is supported by an NSERC Discovery Grant and Discovery Accelerator Supplement, and by the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. Computations were made on the supercomputer Guillimin from McGill University, managed by Calcul Quebec and Compute Canada. The operation of this supercomputer is funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI), NanoQuebec, RMGA and the Fonds de recherche du Quebec-Nature et technologies (FRQ-NT). NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2015 VL 800 IS 2 AR 123 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/800/2/123 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CB7CA UT WOS:000349782500046 ER PT J AU Ajello, M Gasparrini, D Sanchez-Conde, M Zaharijas, G Gustafsson, M Cohen-Tanugi, J Dermer, CD Inoue, Y Hartmann, D Ackermann, M Bechtol, K Franckowiak, A Reimer, A Romani, RW Strong, AW AF Ajello, M. Gasparrini, D. Sanchez-Conde, M. Zaharijas, G. Gustafsson, M. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Dermer, C. D. Inoue, Y. Hartmann, D. Ackermann, M. Bechtol, K. Franckowiak, A. Reimer, A. Romani, R. W. Strong, A. W. TI THE ORIGIN OF THE EXTRAGALACTIC GAMMA-RAY BACKGROUND AND IMPLICATIONS FOR DARK MATTER ANNIHILATION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; dark matter; galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; gamma rays: diffuse background; surveys ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; COSMIC MEV; EMISSION; CATALOG; SIGNAL; ANISOTROPIES; RADIATION; SPECTRUM; OBJECTS AB The origin of the extragalactic.-ray background (EGB) has been debated for some time. The EGB comprises the.-ray emission from resolved and unresolved extragalactic sources, such as blazars, star-forming galaxies, and radio galaxies, as well as radiation from truly diffuse processes. This Letter focuses on the blazar source class, the most numerous detected population, and presents an updated luminosity function and spectral energy distribution model consistent with the blazar observations performed by the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT). We show that blazars account for 50(-11)(+12)% of the EGB photons (>0.1 GeV), and that Fermi-LAT has already resolved similar to 70% of this contribution. Blazars, and in particular hard-spectrum sources such as BL Lacs, are responsible for most of the EGB emission above 100 GeV. We find that the extragalactic background light, which attenuates blazars' high-energy emission, is responsible for the high-energy cutoff observed in the EGB spectrum. Finally, we show that blazars, star-forming galaxies, and radio galaxies can naturally account for the amplitude and spectral shape of the background in the 0.1-820 GeV range, leaving only modest room for other contributions. This allows us to set competitive constraints on the dark matter annihilation cross section. C1 [Ajello, M.; Hartmann, D.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Gasparrini, D.] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Rome, Italy. [Sanchez-Conde, M.; Franckowiak, A.; Romani, R. W.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Sanchez-Conde, M.; Franckowiak, A.; Romani, R. W.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Sanchez-Conde, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Sanchez-Conde, M.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Zaharijas, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Zaharijas, G.] Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Zaharijas, G.] Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, I-34151 Trieste, Italy. [Zaharijas, G.] Univ Nova Gorica, Lab Astroparticle Phys, SI-5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia. [Gustafsson, M.] ULB, Serv Phys Theor, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Gustafsson, M.] Inst Theoret Phys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, Montpellier, France. [Dermer, C. D.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Inoue, Y.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Ackermann, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Bechtol, K.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Reimer, A.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Strong, A. W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Ajello, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM majello@clemson.edu; gasparrini@asdc.asi.it; sanchezconde@fysik.su.se; gzaharijas@ung.si; mgustafs@ulb.ac.be OI Zaharijas, Gabrijela/0000-0001-8484-7791; Inoue, Yoshiyuki/0000-0002-7272-1136; Sanchez-Conde, Miguel/0000-0002-3849-9164; Ajello, Marco/0000-0002-6584-1703; Hartmann, Dieter/0000-0002-8028-0991; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495 FU NASA [NNH09ZDA001N]; Chief of Naval Research; Belgian Science Policy [IAP VI/11]; IISN; ARC project FX The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges support for LAT development, operation and data analysis from NASA and DOE (United States); CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS (France); ASI and INFN (Italy); MEXT, KEK, and JAXA (Japan); and the K.A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the National Space Board (Sweden). Science analysis support in the operations phase from INAF (Italy) and CNES (France) is also gratefully acknowledged. M.A. and M.A.S.C. acknowledge support from NASA grant NNH09ZDA001N for the study of the extragalactic gamma-ray background. The work of C.D.D. is supported by the Chief of Naval Research. M.G. is supported by the Belgian Science Policy (IAP VI/11), the IISN, and the ARC project. NR 40 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD FEB 20 PY 2015 VL 800 IS 2 AR L27 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/800/2/L27 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CB5UK UT WOS:000349692900008 ER PT J AU Tsyshevsky, R Pagoria, P Zhang, MX Racoveanu, A DeHope, A Parrish, D Kuklja, MM AF Tsyshevsky, Roman Pagoria, Philip Zhang, Maoxi Racoveanu, Ana DeHope, Alan Parrish, Damon Kuklja, Maija M. TI Searching for Low-Sensitivity Cast-Melt High-Energy-Density Materials: Synthesis, Characterization, and Decomposition Kinetics of 3,4-Bis(4-nitro-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)-1,2,5-oxadiazole-2-oxide SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID BOND-DISSOCIATION ENERGIES; GAS-PHASE DECOMPOSITION; WAVE BASIS-SET; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; AB-INITIO; MOLECULAR MATERIALS; UNIMOLECULAR DECOMPOSITION; HYDROGEN-TRANSFER; MECHANISMS; EXPLOSIVES AB The most comprehensive approach to analyze and characterize energetic materials is suggested and applied to enable rational, rigorous design of novel materials and targeted improvements of existing materials to achieve desired properties. We report synthesis, characterization of the structure and sensitivity, and modeling of thermal and electronic stability of the energetic, heterocyclic compound, 3,4-bis(4-nitro-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)-1,2,5-oxadiazole-2-oxide (BNFF). The proposed novel, relatively simple synthesis of BNFF in excellent yields allows for an efficient scale up. Performing careful characterization indicates that these materials offer an unusual combination of properties and exhibit a relatively high energy density, high and controllable stability against decomposition, low melting temperature, and low sensitivity to initiation of detonation. First-principles calculations of activation barriers and reaction rate constants reveal the decomposition scenarios that govern the thermal stability and chemical behavior of BNFF, which appreciably differ from conventional nitro compounds. Details of the electronic structure and calculated electronic properties suggest that BNFF is an excellent candidate energetic material on its own and an attractive ingredient of modern energetic formulations to improve their stability and enable highly controllable chemical decomposition. C1 [Tsyshevsky, Roman; Kuklja, Maija M.] Univ Maryland, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Pagoria, Philip; Zhang, Maoxi; Racoveanu, Ana; DeHope, Alan] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Parrish, Damon] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kuklja, MM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM mkukla@umd.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; ONR [N00014-12-1-0529]; NSF; NSF XSEDE [DMR-130077]; DOE NERSC [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of the Director of National Science Foundation under IRD program FX Work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This research is also supported in part by ONR (Grant N00014-12-1-0529) and NSF. We used NSF XSEDE resources (Grant DMR-130077) and DOE NERSC resources (Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231). MMK is grateful to the Office of the Director of National Science Foundation for support under the IRD program. NR 89 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD FEB 19 PY 2015 VL 119 IS 7 BP 3509 EP 3521 DI 10.1021/jp5118008 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA CB9HK UT WOS:000349942400009 ER PT J AU Jost, K Durkin, DP Haverhals, LM Brown, EK Langenstein, M De Long, HC Trulove, PC Gogotsi, Y Dion, G AF Jost, Kristy Durkin, David P. Haverhals, Luke M. Brown, E. Kathryn Langenstein, Matthew De Long, Hugh C. Trulove, Paul C. Gogotsi, Yury Dion, Genevieve TI Natural Fiber Welded Electrode Yarns for Knittable Textile Supercapacitors SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE supercapacitors natural fibers; welding; smart textiles; wearable electronics ID ENERGY-STORAGE; ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS; CARBON; COTTON AB Natural fiber welded (NFW) yarns embedded with porous carbon materials are described for applications as electrodes in textile electrochemical capacitors. With this fabrication technique, many kinds of carbons can be embedded into cellulose based yarns and subsequently knitted into full fabrics on industrial knitting machines. Yarns welded with carbon and stainless steel have device capacitances as high as 37 mF cm(-1), one of the highest reported values for carbon-based yarns. The versatility of this technique to weld any commercially available cellulose yarn with any micro- or nanocarbon means properties can be tuned for specific applications. Most importantly, it is found that despite having full flexibility, increased strength, and good electrochemical performance, not all of the electrode yarns are suitable for knitting. Therefore, it is recommended that all works reporting on fiber/yarn capacitors for wearables attempt processing into full fabrics. C1 [Jost, Kristy; Langenstein, Matthew; Gogotsi, Yury] Drexel Univ, AJ Drexel Nanomat Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Jost, Kristy; Langenstein, Matthew; Gogotsi, Yury] Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Jost, Kristy; Dion, Genevieve] Drexel Univ, ExCITe Ctr, Shima Seiki Haute Technol Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Jost, Kristy; Dion, Genevieve] Drexel Univ, Antoinette Westphal Coll Media Arts & Design, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Durkin, David P.; Brown, E. Kathryn; Trulove, Paul C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Haverhals, Luke M.] Bradley Univ, Mund Lagowski Dept Chem, Peoria, IL 61625 USA. [De Long, Hugh C.] Air Force Off Sci Res, Complex Mat & Devices Dept, Arlington, VA USA. RP Gogotsi, Y (reprint author), Drexel Univ, AJ Drexel Nanomat Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM gogotsi@drexel.edu; gogotsi@drexel.edu; gdion@drexel.edu FU Department of Defense National Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship (DoD-NDSEG); U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX K.J. acknowledges support from the Department of Defense National Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship (DoD-NDSEG). D.P.D, L.M.H, E.K.B, H.C.D, and P.C.T. are grateful to the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research for funding their portion of this work and the U.S. Naval Academy for providing the facilities. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Air Force or the U.S. Navy. NR 35 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 11 U2 117 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1614-6832 EI 1614-6840 J9 ADV ENERGY MATER JI Adv. Energy Mater. PD FEB 18 PY 2015 VL 5 IS 4 AR 1401286 DI 10.1002/aenm.201401286 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA CC7RM UT WOS:000350566000004 ER PT J AU Yuan, EC Alderson, DL Stromberg, S Carlson, JM AF Yuan, Edwin C. Alderson, David L. Stromberg, Sean Carlson, Jean M. TI Optimal Vaccination in a Stochastic Epidemic Model of Two Non-Interacting Populations SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID STRATEGIES; DYNAMICS; DISEASE; FOOT; SIR; UK AB Developing robust, quantitative methods to optimize resource allocations in response to epidemics has the potential to save lives and minimize health care costs. In this paper, we develop and apply a computationally efficient algorithm that enables us to calculate the complete probability distribution for the final epidemic size in a stochastic Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) model. Based on these results, we determine the optimal allocations of a limited quantity of vaccine between two non-interacting populations. We compare the stochastic solution to results obtained for the traditional, deterministic SIR model. For intermediate quantities of vaccine, the deterministic model is a poor estimate of the optimal strategy for the more realistic, stochastic case. C1 [Yuan, Edwin C.; Stromberg, Sean; Carlson, Jean M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Alderson, David L.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA USA. [Yuan, Edwin C.] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Carlson, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM carlson@physics.ucsb.edu FU Office of Naval Research MURI [DMR0606092]; David and Lucile Packard Foundation; Stansberry Fellowship through the CCS SURF foundation; Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies from the U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF-09-D-0001] FX This work was supported by an Office of Naval Research MURI Grant No. DMR0606092, the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, the Stansberry Fellowship through the CCS SURF foundation, and the Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies through contract no. W911NF-09-D-0001 from the U.S. Army Research Office. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 17 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 2 AR e0115826 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0115826 PG 25 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CC4KQ UT WOS:000350322700006 PM 25688857 ER PT J AU Smith, RW Tobias, C Vlahos, P Cooper, C Ballentine, M Ariyarathna, T Fallis, S Groshens, TJ AF Smith, Richard W. Tobias, Craig Vlahos, Penny Cooper, Christopher Ballentine, Mark Ariyarathna, Thivanka Fallis, Stephen Groshens, Thomas J. TI Mineralization of RDX-Derived Nitrogen to N-2 via Denitrification in Coastal Marine Sediments SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NATURAL MICROBIAL ASSEMBLAGES; ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES; HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE RDX; ANAEROBIC SLUDGE; EXPLOSIVES; BIOTRANSFORMATION; BIODEGRADATION; DEGRADATION; NITRAMINE; FATE AB Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) is a common constituent of military explosives. Despite RDX contamination at numerous U.S. military facilities and its mobility to aquatic systems, the fate of RDX in marine systems remains largely unknown. Here, we provide RDX mineralization pathways and rates in seawater and sediments, highlighting for the first time the importance of the denitrification pathway in determining the fate of RDX-derived N. N-15 nitro group labeled RDX (N-15-[RDX], 50 atom %) was spiked into a mesocosm simulating shallow marine conditions of coastal Long Island Sound, and the N-15 enrichment of N-2 (delta N-15(2)) was monitored via gas bench isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GB-IRMS) for 21 days. The N-15 tracer data were used to model RDX mineralization within the context of the broader coastal marine N cycle using a multicompartment time-stepping model. Estimates of RDX mineralization rates based on the production and gas transfer of (N2O)-N-15 and N-15(2) ranged from 0.8 to 10.3 mu mol d(-1). After 22 days, 11% of the added RDX had undergone mineralization, and 29% of the total removed RDX-N was identified as N-2. These results demonstrate the important consideration of sediment microbial communities in management strategies addressing cleanup of contaminated coastal sites by military explosives. C1 [Smith, Richard W.; Tobias, Craig; Vlahos, Penny; Cooper, Christopher; Ballentine, Mark; Ariyarathna, Thivanka] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA. [Smith, Richard W.] Global Aquat Res LLC, Sodus, NY 14551 USA. [Fallis, Stephen; Groshens, Thomas J.] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, Div Chem, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Smith, RW (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, 1080 Shennocossett Rd, Groton, CT 06340 USA. EM richard.2.smith@uconn.edu FU Department of Defense SERDP [ER-2122] FX This work was funded by Department of Defense SERDP under project ID ER-2122. We would like to thank D. Cady and V. Rollinson for analytical support and performing the argon slug experiments. NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 17 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 4 BP 2180 EP 2187 DI 10.1021/es505074v PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CB7KT UT WOS:000349806400026 PM 25594316 ER PT J AU Ganesan, A Mesner, O Okulicz, JF O'Bryan, T Deiss, RG Lalani, T Whitman, TJ Weintrob, AC Macalino, G Agan, BK AF Ganesan, Anuradha Mesner, Octavio Okulicz, Jason F. O'Bryan, Thomas Deiss, Robert G. Lalani, Tahaniyat Whitman, Timothy J. Weintrob, Amy C. Macalino, Grace Agan, Brian K. CA Infect Dis Clinical Res Program TI A Single Dose of Benzathine Penicillin G Is as Effective as Multiple Doses of Benzathine Penicillin G for the Treatment of HIV-Infected Persons With Early Syphilis SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE treatment response; benzathine penicillin G; HIV-infected persons; early syphilis ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; LATENT SYPHILIS; NEUROSYPHILIS; FAILURE; ACCESS; CARE; ERA; CSF AB Background. Treatment guidelines recommend the use of a single dose of benzathine penicillin G (BPG) for treating early syphilis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons. However, data supporting this recommendation are limited. We examined the efficacy of single-dose BPG in the US Military HIV Natural History Study. Methods. Subjects were included if they met serologic criteria for syphilis (ie, a positive nontreponemal test [NTr] confirmed by treponemal testing). Response to treatment was assessed at 13 months and was defined by a >= 4-fold decline in NTr titer. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were utilized to examine factors associated with treatment response. Results. Three hundred fifty subjects (99% male) contributed 478 cases. Three hundred ninety-three cases were treated exclusively with BPG (141 with 1 dose of BPG). Treatment response was the same among those receiving 1 or >1 dose of BPG (92%). In a multivariate analysis, older age (hazard ratio [HR], 0.82 per 10-year increase; 95% confidence interval [CI],.73-.93) was associated with delayed response to treatment. Higher pretreatment titers (reference NTr titer <1:64; HR, 1.94 [95% CI, 1.58-2.39]) and CD4 counts (HR, 1.07 for every 100-cell increase [95% CI, 1.01-1.12]) were associated with a faster response to treatment. Response was not affected by the number of BPG doses received (reference, 1 dose of BPG; HR, 1.11 [95% CI,.89-1.4]). Conclusions. In this cohort, additional BPG doses did not affect treatment response. Our data support the current recommendations for the use of a single dose of BPG to treat HIV-infected persons with early syphilis. C1 [Ganesan, Anuradha; Mesner, Octavio; Okulicz, Jason F.; O'Bryan, Thomas; Deiss, Robert G.; Lalani, Tahaniyat; Whitman, Timothy J.; Weintrob, Amy C.; Macalino, Grace; Agan, Brian K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha; Whitman, Timothy J.; Weintrob, Amy C.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Okulicz, Jason F.; O'Bryan, Thomas] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. [Deiss, Robert G.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, San Diego, CA USA. [Lalani, Tahaniyat] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Ganesan, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, 8901 Wisconsin Ave,Bldg 7,Rm 1416, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM anuradha.ganesan.ctr@health.mil OI Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 FU Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, a Department of Defense [IDCRP-015]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health [Y1-AI-5072] FX Support for this work (IDCRP-015) was provided by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, a Department of Defense program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. This project has been funded in whole, or in part, with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (interagency agreement Y1-AI-5072). NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 15 PY 2015 VL 60 IS 4 BP 653 EP 660 DI 10.1093/cid/ciu888 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA CB6VI UT WOS:000349764400023 PM 25389249 ER PT J AU Ranasinghe, S Ansumana, R Lamin, JM Bockarie, AS Bangura, U Buanie, JAG Stenger, DA Jacobsen, KH AF Ranasinghe, Shamika Ansumana, Rashid Lamin, Joseph M. Bockarie, Alfred S. Bangura, Umaru Buanie, Jacob A. G. Stenger, David A. Jacobsen, Kathryn H. TI Attitudes toward home-based malaria testing in rural and urban Sierra Leone SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Malaria; Rapid diagnostic test; Diagnostic test kits; Community health services; Community health worker; Sierra Leone; West Africa ID RAPID DIAGNOSTIC-TESTS; COMMUNITY CASE-MANAGEMENT; COMBINATION THERAPY; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; HEALTH WORKERS; ACCEPTABILITY; WILLINGNESS; MICROSCOPY; BARRIERS; AFRICA AB Background: The purpose of this study was to examine malaria testing practices and preferences in Bo, Sierra Leone, and to ascertain interest in and willingness to take a home-based rapid diagnostic test administered by a community health volunteer (CHV) or a trained family member rather than travelling to a clinical facility for laboratory-based testing. Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional survey of 667 randomly-sampled rural households and 157 urban households was conducted in December 2013 and January 2014. Results: Among rural residents, 69% preferred a self/family-or CHV-conducted home-based malaria test and 20% preferred a laboratory-based test (with others indicating no preference). Among urban residents, these numbers were 38% and 44%, respectively. If offered a home-based test, 28% of rural residents would prefer a self/family-conducted test and 68% would prefer a CHV-assisted test. For urban residents, these numbers were 21% and 77%. In total, 36% of rural and 63% of urban residents reported usually taking a diagnostic test to confirm suspected malaria. The most common reasons for not seeking malaria testing were the cost of testing, waiting to see if the fever resolved on its own, and not wanting to travel to a clinical facility for a test. In total, 32% of rural and 27% of urban participants were very confident they could perform a malaria test on themselves or a family member without assistance, 50% of rural and 62% of urban participants were very confident they could perform a test after training, and 56% of rural and 33% of urban participants said they would pay more for a home-based test than a laboratory-based test. Conclusion: Expanding community case management of malaria to include home testing by CHVs and family members may increase the proportion of individuals with febrile illnesses who confirm a positive diagnosis prior to initiating treatment. C1 [Ranasinghe, Shamika; Jacobsen, Kathryn H.] George Mason Univ, Dept Global & Community Hlth, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Ansumana, Rashid; Lamin, Joseph M.; Bockarie, Alfred S.; Bangura, Umaru; Buanie, Jacob A. G.] Mercy Hosp Res Lab, Bo, Sierra Leone. [Ansumana, Rashid; Bockarie, Alfred S.] Njala Univ, Bo, Sierra Leone. [Stenger, David A.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ansumana, Rashid] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. RP Jacobsen, KH (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Global & Community Hlth, 4400 Univ Dr 5B7, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM kjacobse@gmu.edu RI Jacobsen, Kathryn/B-5857-2008; OI Jacobsen, Kathryn/0000-0002-4198-6246; Ranasinghe, Shamika/0000-0001-5884-6541 FU Joint Science and Technology Office, Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX Funding for this project was provided by Joint Science and Technology Office, Defense Threat Reduction Agency. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD FEB 15 PY 2015 VL 14 AR 80 DI 10.1186/s12936-015-0582-x PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA CB7IC UT WOS:000349799200001 PM 25880198 ER PT J AU Chun, C Neta, B AF Chun, Changbum Neta, Beny TI An analysis of a family of Maheshwari-based optimal eighth order methods SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Iterative methods; Order of convergence; Basin of attraction; Extraneous fixed points; Weight functions ID NONLINEAR EQUATIONS; MULTIPLE ROOTS; DYNAMICS; ATTRACTION; BASINS; ITERATION AB In this paper we analyze an optimal eighth-order family of methods based on Maheshwari's fourth order method. This family of methods uses a weight function. We analyze the family using the information on the extraneous fixed points. Two measures of closeness of an extraneous points set to the imaginary axis are considered and applied to the members of the family to find its best performer. The results are compared to a modified version of Wang-Liu method. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Chun, Changbum] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Math, Suwon 440746, South Korea. [Neta, Beny] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Neta, B (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM cbchun@skku.edu; bneta@nps.edu FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [NRF-2013R1A1A2005012] FX This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2013R1A1A2005012). NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0096-3003 EI 1873-5649 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD FEB 15 PY 2015 VL 253 BP 294 EP 307 DI 10.1016/j.amc.2014.12.064 PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA CB1BV UT WOS:000349362400027 ER PT J AU Marras, S Giraldo, FX AF Marras, Simone Giraldo, Francis X. TI A parameter-free dynamic alternative to hyper-viscosity for coupled transport equations: Application to the simulation of 3D squall lines using spectral elements SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Residual-based stabilization; Variational multiscalemethod; VMS; VMM; Crosswind discontinuity capturing; Dynamic artificial diffusion; Hyper-viscosity; Spectral element method; Monotonicity-preserving high-order methods; Stabilization of spectral elements; Deep convection; Kessler microphysics ID DIFFUSION EQUATION; CONVECTION; STABILIZATION; FORMULATION; MODELS; FLOWS; SUPG AB The stabilization of high order spectral elements to solve the transport equations for tracers in the atmosphere remains an active topic of research among atmospheric modelers. This paper builds on our previous work on variational multiscale stabilization (VMS) and discontinuity capturing (DC) (Marras et al. (2012) [7]) and shows the applicability of VMS+DC to realistic atmospheric problems that involve physics coupling with phase change in the simulation of 3D deep convection. We show that the VMS+DC approach is a robust technique that can damp the high order modes characterizing the spectral element solution of complex coupled transport problems. The method has important properties that techniques of more common use often lack: 1) it is free of a user-defined parameter, 2) it is anisotropic in that it only acts along the flow direction, 3) it is numerically consistent, and 4) it can improve the monotonicity of high-order spectral elements. The proposed method is assessed by comparing the results against those obtained with a fourth-order hyper-viscosity programmed in the same code. The main conclusion that arises is that tuning can be fully avoided without loss of accuracy if the dissipative scheme is properly designed. Finally, the cost of parallel communication is that of a second order operator which means that fewer communications are required by VMS+DC than by a hyper-viscosity method; fewer communications translate into a faster and more scalable code, which is of vital importance as we approach the exascale range of computing. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Marras, Simone; Giraldo, Francis X.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Marras, S (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, 833 Dyer Rd,Spanagel SP249A, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM smarras1@nps.edu; fxgirald@nps.edu RI Marras, Simone/K-9155-2016 OI Marras, Simone/0000-0002-7498-049X FU Office of Naval Research [PE-0602435N]; National Science Foundation (Division of Mathematical Sciences) [121670] FX The authors are thankful to Dr. Hilary Weller (U. Reading, UK), Dr. Guillaume Houzeaux (Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Spain), and one anonymous reviewer for important inputs that helped improve this article. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Office of Naval Research through program element PE-0602435N, the National Science Foundation (Division of Mathematical Sciences) through program element 121670. The work of the first author was carried out through the National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship Programs of the National Academies. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2015 VL 283 BP 360 EP 373 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2014.11.046 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA AY2GQ UT WOS:000347407300019 ER PT J AU Casalini, R Fragiadakis, D Roland, CM AF Casalini, R. Fragiadakis, D. Roland, C. M. TI Dynamic correlation length scales under isochronal conditions SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GLASS-FORMING LIQUIDS; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; ALPHA-RELAXATION; GROWING LENGTH; TRANSITION; PRESSURE; TIME; MOLECULES; POLYMERS; FORMERS AB The origin of the dramatic changes in the behavior of liquids as they approach their vitreous state-increases of many orders of magnitude in dynamic time scales and transport properties-is a major unsolved problem in condensed matter. These changes are accompanied by greater dynamic heterogeneity, which refers to both spatial variation and spatial correlation of molecular mobilities. The question is whether the changing dynamics are coupled to this heterogeneity; that is, does the latter cause the former? To address this, we carried out the first nonlinear dielectric experiments at elevated hydrostatic pressures on two liquids, to measure the third-order harmonic component of their susceptibilities. We extract from this the number of dynamically correlated molecules for various state points and find that the dynamic correlation volume for non-associated liquids depends primarily on the relaxation time, sensibly independent of temperature and pressure. We support this result by molecular dynamic simulations showing that the maximum in the four-point dynamic susceptibility of density fluctuations is essentially invariant along isochrones for molecules that do not form hydrogen bonds. Our findings are consistent with dynamic cooperativity serving as the principal control parameter for the slowing down of molecular motions in supercooled materials. C1 [Casalini, R.; Fragiadakis, D.; Roland, C. M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Casalini, R (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. We thank R. Richert for informative discussions on nonlinear dielectric spectroscopy. NR 58 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 14 PY 2015 VL 142 IS 6 AR 064504 DI 10.1063/1.4907371 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA CB7ZH UT WOS:000349847000041 PM 25681920 ER PT J AU Fuller, ME Schaefer, CE Andaya, C Fallis, S AF Fuller, Mark E. Schaefer, Charles E. Andaya, Christina Fallis, Steve TI Production of particulate Composition B during simulated weathering of larger detonation residues SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Composition B; Explosives; Weathering, Microscale particles; RDX; TNT ID SATURATED POROUS-MEDIA; ENERGETIC RESIDUES; PARTICLE-SIZE; TRANSPORT; DISSOLUTION; SOIL; SCALE AB Explosives and energetics continue to be prominent contaminants on many military installations. This research was undertaken to understand the extent to which microscale (10's of mu m) particles are produced when macroscale residues are weathered by artificial precipitation. Initial experiments, in which artificial rainwater was applied drip-wise to single chunks of Composition B detonation residues from multiple heights, confirmed that microscale particles were produced during precipitation-driven aging, with 30% of the explosive mass collected detected as particulate Composition B (e.g., particles >0.45 mu m in diameter). Follow-on experiments, during which multiple cm-sized residue chunks were subjected to realistic simulated precipitation, demonstrated an initial large pulse of particulate Composition B, followed by sustained production of microscale particles that represented 15-20% of recovered explosives. These findings indicate that the effective footprint of detonation residues likely increases as particulates are produced by the production and spreading of microscale particles across the soil surface. Combined with results published elsewhere that microscale particles can move into porous media to become a distributed source term, these findings point to the need for inclusion of these processes in explosive contaminant fate and transport modeling. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fuller, Mark E.; Schaefer, Charles E.; Andaya, Christina] CB&I Fed Serv, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. [Fallis, Steve] US Navy, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Fuller, ME (reprint author), CB&I Fed Serv, 17 Princess Rd, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. EM mark.fuller@cbifederalservices.com FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [W912HQ-09-C0012] FX This project was supported by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) under contract W912HQ-09-C0012. We thank the Naval Explosive Ordnance Disposal Technology Division (Blossom Point) for providing a portion of the explosive materials used for this research. Views, opinions, and/or findings contained in this report are those of the author(s) and should not be construed as an official Department of Defense position or decision unless so designated by other official documentation. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 EI 1873-3336 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD FEB 11 PY 2015 VL 283 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.08.064 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY3PB UT WOS:000347494200001 PM 25262478 ER PT J AU Gonzalez-Alfonso, E Fischer, J Sturm, E Gracia-Carpio, J Veilleux, S Melendez, M Lutz, D Poglitsch, A Aalto, S Falstad, N Spoon, HWW Farrah, D Blasco, A Henkel, C Contursi, A Verma, A Spaans, M Smith, HA Ashby, MLN Hailey-Dunsheath, S Garcia-Burillo, S Martin-Pintado, J Van Der Werf, P Meijerink, R Genzel, R AF Gonzalez-Alfonso, E. Fischer, J. Sturm, E. Gracia-Carpio, J. Veilleux, S. Melendez, M. Lutz, D. Poglitsch, A. Aalto, S. Falstad, N. Spoon, H. W. W. Farrah, D. Blasco, A. Henkel, C. Contursi, A. Verma, A. Spaans, M. Smith, H. A. Ashby, M. L. N. Hailey-Dunsheath, S. Garcia-Burillo, S. Martin-Pintado, J. Van Der Werf, P. Meijerink, R. Genzel, R. TI HIGH-LYING OH ABSORPTION, [C II] DEFICITS, AND EXTREME L-FIR/M-H2 RATIOS IN GALAXIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: ISM; infrared: galaxies; line: formation ID ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; MICRON LINE DEFICIT; STAR-FORMATION LAWS; MOLECULAR GAS; NGC 4418; PHOTODISSOCIATION REGIONS; OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY; HERSCHEL-PACS; DENSE GAS; ARP 220 AB Herschel/PACS observations of 29 local (ultra) luminous infrared galaxies, including both starburst and active galactic nucleus (AGN) dominated sources as diagnosed in the mid-infrared/optical, show that the equivalent width of the absorbing OH 65 mu m.3/2 J = 9/2-7/2 line (Weq(OH65)) with lower level energy Elow 300 K, is anticorrelated with the [Cii] 158 mu m line to far-infrared luminosity ratio, and correlated with the far-infrared luminosity per unit gas mass and with the 60-to-100 mu m far-infrared color. While all sources are in the active LIR/MH2 > 50L /M mode as derived from previous CO line studies, the OH65 absorption shows a bimodal distribution with a discontinuity at LFIR/MH2 100L /M . In the most buried sources, OH65 probes material partially responsible for the silicate 9.7 mu m absorption. Combined with observations of the OH 71 mu m.1/2 J = 7/2-5/2 doublet (Elow 415 K), radiative transfer models characterized by the equivalent dust temperature, Tdust, and the continuum optical depth at 100 mu m, t100, indicate that strong [C ii] 158 mu m deficits are associated with far-IR thick (t100 0.7, NH 1024 cm-2), warm (Tdust 60 K) structures where the OH 65 mu m absorption is produced, most likely in circumnuclear disks/tori/cocoons. With their high LFIR/MH2 ratios and columns, the presence of these structures is expected to give rise to strong [C ii] deficits. Weq(OH65) probes the fraction of infrared luminosity arising from these compact/warm environments, which is 30%-50% in sources with high Weq(OH65). Sources with high Weq(OH65) have surface densities of both LIR and MH2 higher than inferred from the half-light (CO or UV/optical) radius, tracing coherent structures that represent the most buried/active stage of (circum) nuclear starburst-AGN co-evolution. C1 [Gonzalez-Alfonso, E.; Blasco, A.] Univ Alcala de Henares, Dept Fis & Matemat, E-28871 Madrid, Spain. [Fischer, J.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sturm, E.; Gracia-Carpio, J.; Lutz, D.; Poglitsch, A.; Contursi, A.; Genzel, R.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Veilleux, S.; Melendez, M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Aalto, S.; Falstad, N.] Chalmers, Onsala Space Observ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, SE-43992 Onsala, Sweden. [Spoon, H. W. W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Farrah, D.] Virginia Tech, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Henkel, C.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Henkel, C.] Kind Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Astron, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. [Verma, A.] Univ Oxford, Oxford Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Spaans, M.] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, NL-9700 AB Groningen, Netherlands. [Smith, H. A.; Ashby, M. L. N.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hailey-Dunsheath, S.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Garcia-Burillo, S.] Observ Madrid, OAN, E-28014 Madrid, Spain. [Martin-Pintado, J.] CSIC INTA, E-28850 Madrid, Spain. [Van Der Werf, P.; Meijerink, R.] Leiden Univ, Sterrewacht Leiden, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. RP Gonzalez-Alfonso, E (reprint author), Univ Alcala de Henares, Dept Fis & Matemat, Campus Univ, E-28871 Madrid, Spain. RI Martin-Pintado, Jesus/H-6107-2015; OI Martin-Pintado, Jesus/0000-0003-4561-3508; Poglitsch, Albrecht/0000-0002-6414-9408; Gonzalez-Alfonso, Eduardo/0000-0001-5285-8517; Fischer, Jacqueline/0000-0001-6697-7808; Veilleux, Sylvain/0000-0002-3158-6820 FU BMVIT (Austria); ESA-PRODEX (Belgium); CEA/CNES (France); DLR (Germany); ASI/INAF (Italy); CICYT/MCYT (Spain); Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad [AYA2010-21697-C05-0, FIS2012-39162-C06-01]; NHSC/JPL RSA [1455432]; NASA grant [NNX14AJ61G]; US-ONR; NHSC/JPL [139807, 1456609, 1427277, 1454738] FX PACS has been developed by a consortium of institutes led by MPE (Germany) and including UVIE (Austria); KU Leuven, CSL, IMEC (Belgium); CEA, LAM (France); MPIA (Germany); INAFIFSI/OAA/OAP/OAT, LENS, SISSA (Italy); IAC (Spain). This development has been supported by the funding agencies BMVIT (Austria), ESA-PRODEX (Belgium), CEA/CNES (France), DLR (Germany), ASI/INAF (Italy), and CICYT/MCYT (Spain). E.G.-A. is a Research Associate at the Harvard-Smithsonian CfA, and thanks the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad for support under projects AYA2010-21697-C05-0 and FIS2012-39162-C06-01. E. G.-A. and H. A. S. acknowledge partial support from NHSC/JPL RSA 1455432; H. A. S acknowledges NASA grant NNX14AJ61G. Basic research in IR astronomy at NRL is funded by the US-ONR; J. F. acknowledges support from NHSC/JPL subcontracts 139807 and 1456609. S. V. and M. M. acknowledge partial support from NHSC/JPL RSA 1427277 and 1454738. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System and of GILDAS (http://www. iram. fr/IRAMFR/GILDAS). NR 70 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 2015 VL 800 IS 1 AR 69 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/800/1/69 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CA9IQ UT WOS:000349236900069 ER PT J AU Tunnard, R Greve, TR Garcia-Burillo, S Carpio, JG Fischer, J Fuente, A Gonzalez-Alfonso, E Hailey-Dunsheath, S Neri, R Sturm, E Usero, A Planesas, P AF Tunnard, R. Greve, T. R. Garcia-Burillo, S. Carpio, J. Gracia Fischer, J. Fuente, A. Gonzalez-Alfonso, E. Hailey-Dunsheath, S. Neri, R. Sturm, E. Usero, A. Planesas, P. TI CHEMICALLY DISTINCT NUCLEI AND OUTFLOWING SHOCKED MOLECULAR GAS IN Arp 220 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (Arp 220); galaxies: ISM; galaxies: jets; submillimeter: general ID ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; STAR-FORMATION; CO EMISSION; BLACK-HOLE; ARP-220; RESOLUTION; FEEDBACK; HCN; HCO+ AB We present the results of interferometric spectral line observations of Arp 220 at 3.5 mm and 1.2 mm from the Plateau de Bure Interferometer, imaging the two nuclear disks in (HCN)-C-13(1-0) and (3-2), (HCO+)-C-13(1-0) and (3-2), and (HNC)-C-13(3-2) as well as SiO(2-1) and (6-5), (HCN)-N-15(3-2), and SO(6(6)-5(5)). The gas traced by SiO(6-5) has a complex and extended kinematic signature including a prominent P Cygni profile, almost identical to previous observations of HCO+(3-2). Spatial offsets 0 ''.1 north and south of the continuum center in the emission and absorption of the SiO(6-5) P Cygni profile in the western nucleus (WN) imply a bipolar outflow, delineating the northern and southern edges of its disk and suggesting a disk radius of similar to 40 pc, consistent with that found by ALMA observations of Arp 220. We address the blending of SiO(6-5) and (HCO+)-C-13(3-2) by considering two limiting cases with regards to the (HCO+)-C-13 emission throughout our analysis. Large velocity gradient modeling is used to constrain the physical conditions of the gas and to infer abundance ratios in the two nuclei. Our most conservative lower limit on the [(HCN)-C-13]/[(HCO+)-C-13] abundance ratio is 11 in the WN, compared with 0.10 in the eastern nucleus (EN). Comparing these ratios to the literature we argue on chemical grounds for an energetically significant active galactic nucleus in the WN driving either X-ray or shock chemistry, and a dominant starburst in the EN. C1 [Tunnard, R.; Greve, T. R.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Garcia-Burillo, S.; Fuente, A.; Usero, A.; Planesas, P.] Observ Madrid, Observ Astron Nacl, E-28014 Madrid, Spain. [Carpio, J. Gracia; Hailey-Dunsheath, S.; Sturm, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Fischer, J.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gonzalez-Alfonso, E.; Neri, R.] Univ Alcala de Henares, Dept Fis & Matemat, E-28871 Madrid, Spain. IRAM, F-38406 St Martin Dheres, France. RP Tunnard, R (reprint author), UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. EM richard.tunnard.13@ucl.ac.uk RI Planesas, Pere/G-7950-2015; Fuente, Asuncion/G-1468-2016; OI Planesas, Pere/0000-0002-7808-3040; Fuente, Asuncion/0000-0001-6317-6343; Tunnard, Richard/0000-0002-7558-7446; Garcia-Burillo, Santiago/0000-0003-0444-6897; Fischer, Jacqueline/0000-0001-6697-7808 FU STFC PhD studentship; Spanish grants [AYA2012-32295, FIS2012-32096, AYA2010-15169]; STFC Advanced Fellowship; Junta de Andalucia [TIC-114]; Excellence Project [P08-TIC-03531]; Spanish MICIN program CONSOLIDER IMAGENIO [CSD2009-00038]; Spanish Ministerio de Economia-Competitividad [AYA2010-21697-C05-0, FIS2012-39162-C06-01]; US ONR; INSU/CNRS (France); MPG (Germany); IGN (Spain); National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX We thank the anonymous referee their extensive and patient comments, which greatly improved this paper. This research is supported by an STFC PhD studentship. A. U. and P. P. acknowledge support from Spanish grants AYA2012-32295 and FIS2012-32096. T. R. G. acknowledges support from an STFC Advanced Fellowship. S. G. B. acknowledges support from Spanish grants AYA2010-15169 and AYA2012-32295 and from the Junta de Andalucia through TIC-114 and the Excellence Project P08-TIC-03531. A. F. and S. G. B. acknowledge support from Spanish MICIN program CONSOLIDER IMAGENIO 2010 under grant "ASTROMOL" (ref. CSD2009-00038). E. G. A. is a Research Associate at the Harvard-Smithsonian CfA, and thanks the Spanish Ministerio de Economia-Competitividad for support under projects AYA2010-21697-C05-0 and FIS2012-39162-C06-01. Basic research in IR and millimetre wave astronomy at NRL is funded by the US ONR. We thank Kazushi Sakamoto for kindly providing the HCO+(3-2) spectrum used in Figure 6. We would also like to thank S. Viti, M. Matsura, and Z. Zhang for informative and productive discussions. This work was based on observations carried out with the IRAM PdBI, supported by INSU/CNRS (France), MPG (Germany), and IGN (Spain), and includes observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, and obtained from the Hubble Legacy Archive, which is a collaboration between the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI/NASA), the Space Telescope European Coordinating Facility (ST-ECF/ESA) and the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre (CADC/NRC/CSA). This publication also makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 80 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 2015 VL 800 IS 1 AR 25 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/800/1/25 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CA9IQ UT WOS:000349236900025 ER PT J AU Roy, J Ray, PS Bhattacharyya, B Stappers, B Chengalur, JN Deneva, J Camilo, F Johnson, TJ Wolff, M Hessels, JWT Bassa, CG Keane, EF Ferrara, EC Harding, AK Wood, KS AF Roy, Jayanta Ray, Paul S. Bhattacharyya, Bhaswati Stappers, Ben Chengalur, Jayaram N. Deneva, Julia Camilo, Fernando Johnson, Tyrel J. Wolff, Michael Hessels, Jason W. T. Bassa, Cees G. Keane, Evan F. Ferrara, Elizabeth C. Harding, Alice K. Wood, Kent S. TI DISCOVERY OF PSR J1227-4853: A TRANSITION FROM A LOW-MASS X-RAY BINARY TO A REDBACK MILLISECOND PULSAR SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; binaries: eclipsing; pulsars: individual (PSR J1227-4853); X-rays: binaries ID J1023+0038; STATE; ROTATION; LINK AB XSS J12270-4859 is an X-ray binary associated with the Fermi Large Area Telescope gamma-ray source 1FGL J1227.9-4852. In 2012 December, this source underwent a transition where the X-ray and optical luminosity dropped and the spectral signatures of an accretion disk disappeared. We report the discovery of a 1.69 millisecond pulsar (MSP), PSR J1227-4853, at a dispersion measure of 43.4 pc cm(-3) associated with this source, using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) at 607MHz. This demonstrates that, post-transition, the system hosts an active radio MSP. This is the third system after PSR J1023+0038 and PSR J1824-2452I showing evidence of state switching between radio MSP and low-mass X-ray binary states. We report timing observations of PSR J1227-4853 with the GMRT and Parkes, which give a precise determination of the rotational and orbital parameters of the system. The companion mass measurement of 0.17-0.46M(circle dot) suggests that this is a redback system. PSR J1227-4853 is eclipsed for about 40% of its orbit at 607 MHz with additional short-duration eclipses at all orbital phases. We also find that the pulsar is very energetic, with a spin-down luminosity of similar to 10(35) erg s(-1). We report simultaneous imaging and timing observations with the GMRT, which suggests that eclipses are caused by absorption rather than dispersion smearing or scattering. C1 [Roy, Jayanta; Bhattacharyya, Bhaswati; Stappers, Ben] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Roy, Jayanta; Chengalur, Jayaram N.] Inst Fundamental Res, Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India. [Ray, Paul S.; Wolff, Michael; Wood, Kent S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Deneva, Julia] Naval Res Lab, NRC Res Associate, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Camilo, Fernando] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Wolff, Michael] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Johnson, Tyrel J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hessels, Jason W. T.; Bassa, Cees G.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Hessels, Jason W. T.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Keane, Evan F.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. [Ferrara, Elizabeth C.; Harding, Alice K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Roy, J (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. OI Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 FU Commonwealth of Australia; Chief of Naval Research (CNR); Marie Curie grant (FP7) of the EU; NWO Vidi fellowship; ERC Starting Grant "DRAGNET" [337062] FX The GMRT is run by the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, India. We acknowledge support of GMRT telescope operators for observations. We thank Andrew Lyne for discussion on the GMRT timing model. The Parkes radio telescope is funded by the Commonwealth of Australia for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO. We acknowledge the help of John Reynolds in understanding the time offset at GMRT while combining with Parkes data. This work at NRL was supported by the Chief of Naval Research (CNR). B.B. acknowledges the support of Marie Curie grant (FP7) of the EU. J.W.T.H. acknowledges funding from an NWO Vidi fellowship and ERC Starting Grant "DRAGNET" (337062). NR 31 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD FEB 10 PY 2015 VL 800 IS 1 AR L12 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/800/1/L12 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CB0KY UT WOS:000349316000012 ER PT J AU Safron, EJ Fischer, WJ Megeath, ST Furlan, E Stutz, AM Stanke, T Billot, N Rebull, LM Tobin, JJ Ali, B Allen, LE Booker, J Watson, DM Wilson, TL AF Safron, Emily J. Fischer, William J. Megeath, S. Thomas Furlan, Elise Stutz, Amelia M. Stanke, Thomas Billot, Nicolas Rebull, Luisa M. Tobin, John J. Ali, Babar Allen, Lori E. Booker, Joseph Watson, Dan M. Wilson, T. L. TI HOPS 383: AN OUTBURSTING CLASS 0 PROTOSTAR IN ORION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; infrared: stars; stars: formation; stars: protostars ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; EMBEDDED PROTOSTARS; DISK FRAGMENTATION; NEBULA CLUSTER; MCNEILS NEBULA; STAR-FORMATION; BROWN DWARFS; VARIABILITY; ACCRETION AB We report the dramatic mid-infrared brightening between 2004 and 2006 of Herschel Orion Protostar Survey (HOPS) 383, a deeply embedded protostar adjacent to NGC 1977 in Orion. By 2008, the source became a factor of 35 brighter at 24 mu m with a brightness increase also apparent at 4.5 mu m. The outburst is also detected in the submillimeter by comparing APEX/SABOCA to SCUBA data, and a scattered-light nebula appeared in NEWFIRM K-s imaging. The post-outburst spectral energy distribution indicates a Class 0 source with a dense envelope and a luminosity between 6 and 14 L-circle dot Post-outburst time-series mid-and far-infrared photometry show no long-term fading and variability at the 18% level between 2009 and 2012. HOPS 383 is the first outbursting Class 0 object discovered, pointing to the importance of episodic accretion at early stages in the star formation process. Its dramatic rise and lack of fading over a 6 year period hint that it may be similar to FU Ori outbursts, although the luminosity appears to be significantly smaller than the canonical luminosities of such objects. C1 [Safron, Emily J.; Megeath, S. Thomas; Booker, Joseph] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Ritter Astrophys Observ, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Fischer, William J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Furlan, Elise; Rebull, Luisa M.] CALTECH, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Stutz, Amelia M.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Stanke, Thomas] European So Observ, Garching, Germany. [Billot, Nicolas] Inst Radio Astron Milimetr, Granada, Spain. [Tobin, John J.] Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Ali, Babar] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO USA. [Allen, Lori E.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA. [Watson, Dan M.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Wilson, T. L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Safron, EJ (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Ritter Astrophys Observ, 2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. EM wjfischer@gmail.com OI Fischer, William J/0000-0002-3747-2496; Rebull, Luisa/0000-0001-6381-515X; Stutz, Amelia/0000-0003-2300-8200; Furlan, Elise/0000-0001-9800-6248 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology (JPL/Caltech); NASA; NASA Postdoctoral Program at Goddard Space Flight Center; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft priority program 1573 ("Physics of the Interstellar Medium") FX Support for this work was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through awards issued by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology (JPL/Caltech). We include data from Herschel, a European Space Agency space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led consortia and with important participation from NASA. We use data from the Spitzer Space Telescope and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center Infrared Science Archive, which are operated by JPL/Caltech under a contract with NASA. We also include data from APEX, a collaboration between the Max-PlanckI-nstitut fur Radioastronomie, the European Southern Observatory, and the Onsala Space Observatory. This paper makes use of data products from WISE, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and JPL/Caltech, funded by NASA. This paper uses observations taken at Kitt Peak National Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The work of W.F. was supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at Goddard Space Flight Center, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. The work of A.S. was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft priority program 1573 ("Physics of the Interstellar Medium"). NR 46 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD FEB 10 PY 2015 VL 800 IS 1 AR L5 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/800/1/L5 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CB0KY UT WOS:000349316000005 ER PT J AU Berg, P Abend, S Tackmann, G Schubert, C Giese, E Schleich, WP Narducci, FA Ertmer, W Rasel, EM AF Berg, P. Abend, S. Tackmann, G. Schubert, C. Giese, E. Schleich, W. P. Narducci, F. A. Ertmer, W. Rasel, E. M. TI Composite-Light-Pulse Technique for High-Precision Atom Interferometry SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STIMULATED RAMAN TRANSITIONS; MAGNETOMETER AB We realize beam splitters and mirrors for atom waves by employing a sequence of light pulses rather than individual ones. In this way we can tailor atom interferometers with improved sensitivity and accuracy. We demonstrate our method of composite pulses by creating a symmetric matter-wave interferometer which combines the advantages of conventional Bragg- and Raman-type concepts. This feature leads to an interferometer with a high immunity to technical noise allowing us to devise a large-area Sagnac gyroscope yielding a phase shift of 6.5 rad due to the Earth's rotation. With this device we achieve a rotation rate precision of 120 nrad s(-1) Hz(-1/2) and determine the Earth's rotation rate with a relative uncertainty of 1.2%. C1 [Berg, P.; Abend, S.; Tackmann, G.; Schubert, C.; Ertmer, W.; Rasel, E. M.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Quantenopt, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. [Giese, E.; Schleich, W. P.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Ctr Quantum Engn & Space Time Res QUEST, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. [Giese, E.; Schleich, W. P.] Univ Ulm, Inst Quantenphys, D-89081 Ulm, Germany. [Giese, E.; Schleich, W. P.] Univ Ulm, Ctr Integrated Quantum Sci & Technol IQST, D-89081 Ulm, Germany. [Schleich, W. P.] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Quantum Sci & Engn, Inst Adv Study TIAS, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Schleich, W. P.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Narducci, F. A.] Naval Air Syst Command, EO Sensors Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Rasel, EM (reprint author), Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Quantenopt, Welfengarten 1, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. EM rasel@iqo.uni-hannover.de FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [SFB407]; European Union [New and Emerging Science and Technologies (NEST)] [012986-2]; Centre for Quantum Engineering and Space-Time Research (QUEST); Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; International Cold Atom Network (INTERCAN); Universite francoallemande, Deutsch-Franzosische Hochschule (UFA-DFH); Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQST); Texas A&M University for a Texas A&M University Institute for Advanced Study (TIAS) Faculty Fellowship; Nanoscale Informal Science Education (NISE) Technology Transition grant; European Union [Future Inertial Atomic Quantum Sensors (FINAQS)] [012986-2]; European Union [Euroquasar] [012986-2]; European Union [Inertial Atomic and Photonic Quantum Sensors (IQS)] [012986-2] FX We thank P. Bouyer for providing us with two Minus-K vibration isolation platforms, which were crucial for obtaining our results. This work was supported in part by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Grant No. SFB407), the European Union [Contract No. 012986-2, New and Emerging Science and Technologies (NEST), Future Inertial Atomic Quantum Sensors (FINAQS), Euroquasar, Inertial Atomic and Photonic Quantum Sensors (IQS)], and the Centre for Quantum Engineering and Space-Time Research (QUEST). G.T. acknowledges the support by the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, the International Cold Atom Network (INTERCAN), and the Universite francoallemande, Deutsch-Franzosische Hochschule (UFA-DFH). E. G. is grateful to the Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQST) for a fellowship. W. P. S. is thankful to Texas A&M University for a Texas A&M University Institute for Advanced Study (TIAS) Faculty Fellowship and F. A. N. acknowledges funding from a Nanoscale Informal Science Education (NISE) Technology Transition grant. NR 33 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 7 U2 54 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 9 PY 2015 VL 114 IS 6 AR 063002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.063002 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CC3JV UT WOS:000350244900004 PM 25723216 ER PT J AU Fatemi, FK Beadie, G AF Fatemi, Fredrik K. Beadie, Guy TI Spatially-resolved Rayleigh scattering for analysis of vector mode propagation in few-mode fibers SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-FIBERS; BEAT LENGTH; POLARIZATION; NANOFIBER AB We use high-resolution imaging of Rayleigh scattered light through the side of few-mode optical fibers to measure the local spatial structure of propagating vector fields. We demonstrate the technique by imaging both pure modes and superpositions of modes in the LP01 and LP11 families. Direct imaging not only gives high-resolution beat length measurements, but also records the local propagation dynamics including those due to perturbations. The imaging setup uses polarization discrimination to monitor both the transverse and the longitudinal polarization components simultaneously. (c) 2015 Optical Society of America C1 [Fatemi, Fredrik K.; Beadie, Guy] Naval Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Fatemi, FK (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM coldatoms@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency FX The authors acknowledge helpful discussions with Jonathan Hoffman. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 15 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD FEB 9 PY 2015 VL 23 IS 3 BP 3831 EP 3840 DI 10.1364/OE.23.003831 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA CB5SV UT WOS:000349688800191 PM 25836234 ER PT J AU Urick, VJ AF Urick, Vincent J. TI Analogue photonic link design charts for microwave engineering applications SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING-JOE LA English DT Article AB A set of unique design charts for intensity-modulation direct-detection microwave photonics links is presented. The charts facilitate link design and analysis, clearly demonstrating performance trade-offs in terms of standard microwave performance metrics. C1 [Urick, Vincent J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Urick, VJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM vincent.urick@nrl.navy.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 2051-3305 J9 J ENG-JOE JI J. Eng.-JOE PD FEB 6 PY 2015 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1049/joe.2014.0342 PG 3 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA DU8JC UT WOS:000382458100001 ER PT J AU Zhang, JH Zhang, QH Vo, TT Parrish, DA Shreeve, JM AF Zhang, Jiaheng Zhang, Qinghua Vo, Thao T. Parrish, Damon A. Shreeve, Jean'ne M. TI Energetic Salts with pi-Stacking and Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions Lead the Way to Future Energetic Materials SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL; EXPLOSIVES; ANION; DERIVATIVES; COMPLEXES; ACID AB Among energetic materials, there are two significant challenges facing researchers: 1) to develop ionic CHNO explosives with higher densities than their parent nonionic molecules and (2) to achieve a fine balance between high detonation performance and low sensitivity. We report a surprising energetic salt, hydroxylammonium 3-dinitromethanide-1,2,4-triazolone, that exhibits exceptional properties, viz., higher density, superior detonation performance, and improved thermal, impact, and friction stabilities, then those of its precursor, 3-dinitromethyl-1,2,4-triazolone. The solid-state structure features of the new energetic salt were investigated with X-ray diffraction which showed pi-stacking and hydrogen-bonding interactions that contribute to closer packing and higher density. According to the experimental results and theoretical analysis, the newly designed energetic salt also gives rise to a workable compromise in high detonation properties and desirable stabilities. These findings will enhance the future prospects for rational energetic materials design and commence a new chapter in this field. C1 [Zhang, Jiaheng; Zhang, Qinghua; Vo, Thao T.; Shreeve, Jean'ne M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Zhang, Qinghua] China Acad Engn Phys, Inst Chem Mat, Mianyang 621900, Peoples R China. [Vo, Thao T.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Explos Ordnance Disposal Technol Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. [Parrish, Damon A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shreeve, JM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM jshreeve@uidaho.edu RI Zhang, Qinghua/K-4474-2013 OI Zhang, Qinghua/0000-0003-3620-4331 FU ONR [NOOO14-12-1-0536] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of ONR (NOOO14-12-1-0536). We are indebted to Dr. Richard J. Staples for considerable assistance with crystal structuring and Dr. Xiujuan Qi and Dr. Tian Lu for calculations. NR 52 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 14 U2 73 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 4 PY 2015 VL 137 IS 4 BP 1697 EP 1704 DI 10.1021/ja5126275 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA CA8AJ UT WOS:000349138600049 PM 25565429 ER PT J AU Mungan, C AF Mungan, Carl TI The Pursuit of a Plane by a Homing Missile SO PHYSICS TEACHER LA English DT Letter ID CHASE PROBLEM C1 [Mungan, Carl] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Mungan, C (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM mungan@usna.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSN PHYSICS TEACHERS PI COLLEGE PK PA 5110 ROANOKE PLACE SUITE 101, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740 USA SN 0031-921X J9 PHYS TEACH JI Phys. Teach. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 53 IS 2 BP 68 EP 69 DI 10.1119/1.4905796 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CX5YW UT WOS:000365779400002 ER PT J AU O'Reilly, O Nordstrom, J Kozdon, JE Dunham, EM AF O'Reilly, Ossian Nordstrom, Jan Kozdon, Jeremy E. Dunham, Eric M. TI Simulation of Earthquake Rupture Dynamics in Complex Geometries Using Coupled Finite Difference and Finite Volume Methods SO COMMUNICATIONS IN COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Elastic waves; earthquake; high order finite difference finite volume; summation-by-parts; simultaneous approximation term; nonlinear boundary conditions ID BOUNDARY-VALUE-PROBLEMS; NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; HYPERBOLIC PROBLEMS; WAVE-PROPAGATION; NONPLANAR FAULTS; HYBRID METHOD; ORDER; APPROXIMATIONS; STABILITY; SUMMATION AB We couple a node-centered finite volume method to a high order finite difference method to simulate dynamic earthquake ruptures along nonplanar faults in two dimensions. The finite volume method is implemented on an unstructured mesh, providing the ability to handle complex geometries. The geometric complexities are limited to a small portion of the overall domain and elsewhere the high order finite difference method is used, enhancing efficiency. Both the finite volume and finite difference methods are in summation-by-parts form. Interface conditions coupling the numerical solution across physical interfaces like faults, and computational ones between structured and unstructured meshes, are enforced weakly using the simultaneous-approximation-term technique. The fault interface condition, or friction law, provides a nonlinear relation between fields on the two sides of the fault, and allows for the particle velocity field to be discontinuous across it. Stability is proved by deriving energy estimates; stability, accuracy, and efficiency of the hybrid method are confirmed with several computational experiments. The capabilities of the method are demonstrated by simulating an earthquake rupture propagating along the margins of a volcanic plug. C1 [O'Reilly, Ossian; Dunham, Eric M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geophys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [O'Reilly, Ossian; Nordstrom, Jan] Linkoping Univ, Div Computat Math, Dept Math, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. [Kozdon, Jeremy E.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Dunham, Eric M.] Stanford Univ, Inst Computat & Math Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP O'Reilly, O (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Geophys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM ooreilly@stanford.edu; jan.nordstrom@liu.se; jekozdon@nps.edu; edunham@stanford.edu OI Nordstrom, Jan/0000-0002-7972-6183 NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU GLOBAL SCIENCE PRESS PI WANCHAI PA ROOM 3208, CENTRAL PLAZA, 18 HARBOUR RD, WANCHAI, HONG KONG 00000, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1815-2406 EI 1991-7120 J9 COMMUN COMPUT PHYS JI Commun. Comput. Phys. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 17 IS 2 BP 337 EP 370 DI 10.4208/cicp.111013.120914a PG 34 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA CH0EY UT WOS:000353693400002 ER PT J AU Peterson, DA Hyer, EJ Campbell, JR Fromm, MD Hair, JW Butler, CF Fenn, MA AF Peterson, David A. Hyer, Edward J. Campbell, James R. Fromm, Michchael D. Hair, Johnathan W. Butler, Carolyn F. Fenn, Marta A. TI THE 2013 RIM FIRE Implications for Predicting Extreme Fire Spread, Pyroconvection, and Smoke Emissions SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PIXEL-BASED CALCULATION; AMERICAN BOREAL FOREST; RADIATIVE POWER; MODIS OBSERVATIONS; UNITED-STATES; INITIAL ASSESSMENT; MODEL SIMULATIONS; RELEASED MOISTURE; PYRO-CONVECTION; WILDLAND FIRES C1 [Peterson, David A.] CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. [Peterson, David A.; Hyer, Edward J.; Campbell, James R.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Fromm, Michchael D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hair, Johnathan W.; Butler, Carolyn F.; Fenn, Marta A.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Butler, Carolyn F.; Fenn, Marta A.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA USA. RP Peterson, DA (reprint author), CNR, Naval Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM david.peterson.ctr@nrlmry.navy.mil RI Campbell, James/C-4884-2012; Hyer, Edward/E-7734-2011; peterson, david/L-2350-2016 OI Campbell, James/0000-0003-0251-4550; Hyer, Edward/0000-0001-8636-2026; FU Naval Research Laboratory; NASA SEAC4RS program under NASA [NNH12AT27i]; NASA [NNG13HH10I]; Micro Pulse Lidar Network; SEAC4RS Science Team FX We thank Ralph Kahn (NASA Goddard), Jeffrey Reid (Naval Research Laboratory), Bob Yokelson (University of Montana), and the National Weather Service in Monterey, California, for their helpful advice. We are all grateful to Shelly Crook at the Stanislaus National Forest Service, as well as Mark Schug, Brad Quayle, and many other USFS employees for providing the NIROPS fire perimeter data used in this study. We also acknowledge contributions from the NASA SEAC4RS Science Team, especially the DIAL/HSRL lidar group, project scientist Brian Toon, and project managers Hal Maring and Kenneth Jucks. This research was performed while David Peterson held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory. Edward Hyer's contributions were supported by the NASA SEAC4RS program under NASA Award NNH12AT27i. James Campbell acknowledges the support of NASA Interagency Agreement NNG13HH10I, on behalf of the Micro Pulse Lidar Network and SEAC4RS Science Team. NR 87 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 27 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 EI 1520-0477 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 96 IS 2 BP 229 EP 247 DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00060.1 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CG5DA UT WOS:000353310100006 ER PT J AU Crouse, D AF Crouse, David TI Basic Tracking Using Nonlinear Continuous-Time Dynamic Models SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; MANEUVERING TARGET TRACKING; EXTENDED KALMAN FILTER; GAUSS-NEWTON METHOD; RUNGE-KUTTA METHODS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; VARIABLE-STRUCTURE; NUMERICAL-SOLUTION; STATE ESTIMATION; PART II AB Physicists generally express the motion of objects in continuous time using differential equations, whereas the majority of target tracking algorithms use discrete-time models. This paper considers the use of general, nonlinear, continuous-time motion models for use in target tracking algorithms that perform measurements at specific, discrete times. The basics of solving/simulating deterministic/stochastic differential equations is reviewed. The difference between most direct-discrete and continuous-discrete tracking algorithms is the prediction step. Consequently, a number of continuous- time state prediction techniques are presented, focusing on derivative-free techniques. Consistent with common filtering techniques, such as the cubature Kalman filter, Gaussian approximations are used for the propagated state. Three dynamic models are considered for evaluating the performance of the algorithms: a highly nonlinear spiraling motion mode, a multidimensional geometric Brownian model, which has multiplicative noise, and an integrated Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. Track initiation is also discussed. C1 Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Crouse, D (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Attn Code 5344,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.crouse@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program (Karle Fellowship) FX This research is supported by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program (Karle Fellowship). NR 153 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-8985 EI 1557-959X J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 30 IS 2 BP 4 EP 41 DI 10.1109/MAES.2014.130074 PN 2 PG 38 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA CF7GV UT WOS:000352725300001 ER PT J AU Marmorino, G Savelyev, I Smith, GB AF Marmorino, George Savelyev, Ivan Smith, Geoffrey B. TI Surface thermal structure in a shallow-water, vertical discharge from a coastal power plant SO ENVIRONMENTAL FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Vertical jet; Cooling water outfall; Buoyant plume; Thermal bands; Infrared remote sensing; Huntington Beach; California (USA) ID BUOYANT JETS; PLUMES; BEHAVIOR; FRONTS AB The surface temperature field induced by a turbulent buoyant jet, discharging upwards into shallow water and impinging on the water surface, is examined for the case of a power-plant cooling-water outfall off the southern California coast. The data, acquired using an airborne infrared camera, capture the evolution of turbulent-scale structure, as well as the advection of larger-scale patterns that can be used to infer the surface velocity. Some limited in-water measurements were also made. When the ambient, or receiving, water is relatively stagnant, the buoyant fluid moves nearly symmetrically outward from the impingement zone, and both the thermal and velocity fields decay over a radial distance of several tens of meters. Flow in this symmetric case appears to remain supercritical into the far-field, which differs from a recent numerical modeling study that predicts a near-field hydraulic jump. Within the plume, the data show an expanding set of thermal bands, similar to ring-like structures found in laboratory studies of a buoyant vertical jet having a stable near-field. In the presence of an alongshore current, both the plume and thermal bands become stretched out in the downstream direction; but this effect can be accounted for, and the thermal structure made symmetrical, by using an approximate two-dimensional model of the flow field. Characteristics of the observed thermal bands are compared against three ring-creation mechanisms proposed in the literature (jet vortex instability, horizontal shear instability, and internal bore formation), but the present dataset is insufficient to discriminate amongst them. C1 [Marmorino, George; Savelyev, Ivan; Smith, Geoffrey B.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Marmorino, G (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM marmorino@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Research Laboratory [72-9201] FX This work was made possible through the support of the Office of Naval Research and conducted under Naval Research Laboratory project 72-9201. NRL contribution NRL/JA/7230-14-0041. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-7419 EI 1573-1510 J9 ENVIRON FLUID MECH JI Environ. Fluid Mech. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 15 IS 1 BP 207 EP 229 DI 10.1007/s10652-014-9373-0 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Mechanics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mechanics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Water Resources GA CE9GX UT WOS:000352153200011 ER PT J AU Hwang, PA Stoffelen, A van Zadelhoff, GJ Perrie, W Zhang, B Li, HY Shen, H AF Hwang, Paul A. Stoffelen, Ad van Zadelhoff, Gerd-Jan Perrie, William Zhang, Biao Li, Haiyan Shen, Hui TI Cross-polarization geophysical model function for C-band radar backscattering from the ocean surface and wind speed retrieval SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; VECTOR WINDS; SCATTEROMETER; WAVES; SPACE AB The wind speed sensitivity of cross-polarization (cross-pol) radar backscattering cross section (VH) from the ocean surface increases toward high winds. The signal saturation problem of VH, if it exists, occurs at a much higher wind speed compared to the copolarization (copol: VV or HH) sea returns. These properties make VH a better choice over VV or HH for monitoring severe weather. Combined with high spatial resolution of the synthetic aperture radar (SAR), the development of hurricane wind retrieval using VH is advancing rapidly. This paper describes a cross-pol C-band radar backscattering geophysical model function (GMF) with incidence angle dependence for the full wind speed range in the available data sets (up to 56 m/s). The GMF is derived from RADARSAT-2 (R2) dual-polarization (dual-pol) ScanSAR modes with 300 and 500 km swaths. The proposed GMF is compared to other published algorithms. The result shows that the simulated VH cross section and the retrieved wind speed with the proposed GMF is in better agreement with measurements. With careful treatment of noise, the VH-retrieved wind speeds may extend to mild or moderate conditions. The higher fraction of non-Bragg contribution in VH can be exploited for analysis of surface wave breaking. C1 [Hwang, Paul A.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stoffelen, Ad; van Zadelhoff, Gerd-Jan] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands. [Perrie, William; Zhang, Biao; Li, Haiyan; Shen, Hui] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada. [Zhang, Biao] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Marine Sci, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Li, Haiyan] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Computat Geodynam, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Shen, Hui] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Qingdao, Peoples R China. RP Hwang, PA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM paul.hwang@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; Canadian Space Agency (GRIP Program); Chinese National High Technology Research and Development (863) Program [2013AA09A505]; National Science Youth Foundation of Jiangsu [BK2012467] FX This work is supported by the Office of Naval Research ("Breaking-wave effects under high winds'' and "Oceanic whitecaps as a surface expression of under and above water processes: Toward an integral remote sensing of the air-sea interface''). We thank the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) for providing RADARSAT-2 imagery, NOAA HRD for supplying SFMR and H*Wind, NDBC for buoy observations, ECMWF for numerical forecast winds, and the EUMETSAT Ocean and the Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility, which supports the KNMI work and generated collocated data sets. We also acknowledge the support of the Canadian Space Agency (GRIP Program), Chinese National High Technology Research and Development (863) Program (grant 2013AA09A505), and the National Science Youth Foundation of Jiangsu (grant BK2012467). The three data sets used in the analysis of this paper were assembled by Biao Zhang (zhangbiao@nuist.edu.cn, BSH data set) and Gerd-Jan van Zadelhoff (zadelhof@knmi.nl, KNMIS and KNMIE data sets). RADARSAT-2 data distribution requires explicit permission from CSA. The NRL publication number is NRL/JA/7260-14-0213. NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD FEB PY 2015 VL 120 IS 2 BP 893 EP 909 DI 10.1002/2014JC010439 PG 17 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA CE9HM UT WOS:000352154800019 ER PT J AU Kim, M Park, D Han, DK Ko, H AF Kim, Minjae Park, Dubok Han, David K. Ko, Hanseok TI A Novel Approach for Denoising and Enhancement of Extremely Low-light Video SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Noise reduction; tone mapping; nonlocal means; low-light video ID ADAPTIVE HISTOGRAM EQUALIZATION; SPACE-TIME ADAPTATION; CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT; NOISE REMOVAL; LEVEL IMAGES; FILTER AB In this paper, a novel approach for noise reduction and enhancement of extremely low-light video is proposed. For noise removal, a motion adaptive temporal filtering based on a Kalman structured updating is presented. Dynamic range of denoised video is increased by adjustment of RGB histograms using Gamma correction with adaptive clipping thresholds. Finally, residual noise is removed using a nonlocal means (NLM) denoising filter. The proposed method works directly on the color filter array (CFA) raw video for achieving low memory consumption(1). C1 [Kim, Minjae; Ko, Hanseok] Korea Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Seoul, South Korea. [Park, Dubok] Korea Univ, Dept Visual Informat Proc, Seoul, South Korea. [Han, David K.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Kim, M (reprint author), Korea Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Seoul, South Korea. EM mjkim@ispl.korea.ac.kr; dbpark@ispl.korea.ac.kr; ctmkhan@gmail.com; hsko@korea.ac.kr FU Seoul RBD Program [WR080951]; STW-KU Research Program FX This work was supported by Seoul R&BD Program (WR080951) and in part the STW-KU Research Program. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0098-3063 EI 1558-4127 J9 IEEE T CONSUM ELECTR JI IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 61 IS 1 BP 72 EP 80 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA CE3VU UT WOS:000351758600010 ER PT J AU Li, RR Lewis, MD Gould, RW Lawson, A Amin, R Gallegos, SC Ladner, S AF Li, Rong-Rong Lewis, Mark David Gould, Richard W., Jr. Lawson, Adam Amin, Ruhul Gallegos, Sonia C. Ladner, Sherwin TI Inter-Comparison between VIIRS and MODIS Radiances and Ocean Color Data Products over the Chesapeake Bay SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID CALIBRATION; SATELLITE; PERFORMANCE AB Since the October 2011 launch of the VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite) instrument, a number of inter-sensor comparisons between VIIRS and MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) radiances have been reported. Most of these comparisons are between calibrated radiances and temperatures based on observations of the two sensors from simultaneous nadir overpasses (SNO). Few comparisons between the retrieved ocean color data products, such as chlorophyll concentration, from VIIRS and MODIS data have been reported. Retrievals from measured data at large solar zenith angles and large view zenith angles are excluded from these comparison studies. In this paper, we report the inter-sensor comparisons between VIIRS and MODIS data acquired over the Chesapeake Bay and nearby areas with relatively large differences in sensor view angles. The goal for this study is to check the consistency between MODIS and VIIRS ocean color data products in order to merge the products from the two sensors. We compare total radiances (Lt) at the top of atmosphere (TOA) and the ocean color (OC) data products derived with the automatic processing system (APS) from both VIIRS and MODIS data. APS was developed at the Naval Research Laboratory, Stennis Space Center (NRL/SSC). We have found that, although there are large differences between the measured radiances (Lt) of the two sensors when the sensor zenith angle differences are significant, the mean percent differences between the retrieved normalized water-leaving radiances are about 15%. The results show that the variation in satellite view zenith angles is not a main factor affecting the retrieval of ocean color data products, i.e., the atmospheric correction routine adequately removes the view-angle dependence. C1 [Li, Rong-Rong] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lewis, Mark David; Gould, Richard W., Jr.; Lawson, Adam; Amin, Ruhul; Gallegos, Sonia C.; Ladner, Sherwin] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Li, RR (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 7231, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM rong-rong.li@nrl.navy.mil; David.Lewis@nrlssc.navy.mil; Rick.Gould@nrlssc.navy.mil; Adam.Lawson@nrlssc.navy.mil; Ruhul.Amin@nrlssc.navy.mil; Sonia.Gallegos@nrlssc.navy.mil; Sherwin.Ladner@nrlssc.navy.mil FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research FX This research is supported by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory and the Office of Naval Research. We thank Michael Ondrusek (NOAA) for graciously providing HyperPro data for the Chesapeake Bay. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 7 IS 2 BP 2193 EP 2207 DI 10.3390/rs70202193 PG 15 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA CF1BZ UT WOS:000352279900002 ER PT J AU Patwa, R Herfurth, H Bratt, C Christophersen, M Phlips, BF AF Patwa, R. Herfurth, H. Bratt, C. Christophersen, M. Phlips, B. F. TI Laser drilling of micro-hole arrays in tantalum SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE laser drilling; high aspect ratio holes; high open area fraction; tantalum; collimator; microhole; hole array AB X ray collimator optics for space application require an array of high aspect ratio holes of 60:1 with a minimal tantalum (Ta) thickness of >= 2 mm and a very high open area fraction (hole versus wall fraction) of 70% to achieve high collimator efficiency. Each collimator with a drilled area of 110 mm x 70 mm contains several million holes and need a fast drilling process. Laser percussion drilling was performed using an IR pulsed disk laser in a 1 and 2 mm thick Ta plate. A tightly spaced hexagonal closed packed pattern was used to maximize open area fraction with hole-to-hole spacing as small as 80 mu m. However, this resulted in a high concentration of debris and a thick recast layer on the remaining walls between the holes. Different process gases were investigated to minimize debris formation and reduce the recast layer thickness. Ramping of pulse energy during the drill cycle was investigated to minimize the adhesion between the substrate and recast layer. Chemical etching was used to remove the debris and recast from the top surface and the inside of the laser-drilled holes. Hole cross sections showed that a high aspect ratio was achieved with a hole diameter of about empty set50 mu m in 2 mm thick Ta. To achieve the shortest drilling time of 200 ms per hole, the process parameters were optimized and a hybrid nozzle, with both horizontal and vertical gas flow, was developed and implemented. (C) 2015 Laser Institute of America. C1 [Patwa, R.; Herfurth, H.; Bratt, C.] Fraunhofer USA, Ctr Laser Applicat, Plymouth, MI 48170 USA. [Christophersen, M.; Phlips, B. F.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Patwa, R (reprint author), Fraunhofer USA, Ctr Laser Applicat, Plymouth, MI 48170 USA. RI Christophersen, Marc/B-6795-2008 FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory; Fraunhofer USA FX This work is funded by U.S. Naval Research Laboratory through a collaborative research program. Fraunhofer USA greatly acknowledges the support. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1042-346X EI 1938-1387 J9 J LASER APPL JI J. Laser Appl. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 27 SU 2 SI SI AR S28006 DI 10.2351/1.4906470 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA CC7JV UT WOS:000350544500007 ER PT J AU Mukherjee, B Tseng, F Gunlycke, D Amara, KK Eda, G Simsek, E AF Mukherjee, Bablu Tseng, Frank Gunlycke, Daniel Amara, Kiran Kumar Eda, Goki Simsek, Ergun TI Complex electrical permittivity of the monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) in near UV and visible SO OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID LAYERS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE AB Temperature and Fermi energy dependent exciton eigenenergies of monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) are calculated using an atomistic model. These exciton eigen-energies are used as the resonance frequencies of a hybrid Lorentz-Drude-Gaussian model, in which oscillation strengths and damping coefficients are obtained from the experimental results for the differential transmission and reflection spectra of monolayer MoS2 coated quartz and silicon substrates, respectively. Numerical results compared to experimental results found in the literature reveal that the developed permittivity model can successfully represent the monolayer MoS2 under different biasing conditions at different temperatures for the design and simulation of MoS2 based opto-electronic devices. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America C1 [Mukherjee, Bablu; Simsek, Ergun] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Tseng, Frank; Gunlycke, Daniel] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Amara, Kiran Kumar; Eda, Goki] Natl Univ Singapore, Singapore 117548, Singapore. RP Mukherjee, B (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM simsek@gwu.edu RI Eda, Goki/G-1511-2012; Mukherjee, Bablu/C-7203-2009 OI Mukherjee, Bablu/0000-0002-5625-5948 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); NRL through the ONR Summer Faculty Program; NRC Research Associateship Program FX This work has been funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR), directly and through the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). E. S. and F. T. acknowledge support from NRL through the ONR Summer Faculty Program and the NRC Research Associateship Program, respectively. NR 25 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 22 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2159-3930 J9 OPT MATER EXPRESS JI Opt. Mater. Express PD FEB 1 PY 2015 VL 5 IS 2 BP 447 EP 455 DI 10.1364/OME.5.000447 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA CC9CC UT WOS:000350664100027 ER PT J AU Jones, B Apruzese, JP Harvey-Thompson, AJ Ampleford, DJ Jennings, CA Hansen, SB Moore, NW Lamppa, DC Johnson, D Jones, MC Waisman, EM Coverdale, CA Cuneo, ME Rochau, GA Giuliani, JL Thornhill, JW Ouart, ND Chong, YK Velikovich, AL Dasgupta, A Krishnan, M Coleman, PL AF Jones, B. Apruzese, J. P. Harvey-Thompson, A. J. Ampleford, D. J. Jennings, C. A. Hansen, S. B. Moore, N. W. Lamppa, D. C. Johnson, D. Jones, M. C. Waisman, E. M. Coverdale, C. A. Cuneo, M. E. Rochau, G. A. Giuliani, J. L. Thornhill, J. W. Ouart, N. D. Chong, Y. K. Velikovich, A. L. Dasgupta, A. Krishnan, M. Coleman, P. L. TI The effect of gradients at stagnation on K-shell x-ray line emission in high-current Ar gas-puff implosions SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID STARK-PROFILE CALCULATIONS; Z-PINCH; DENSE-PLASMAS; Z MACHINE; ARGON; RADIATION; PHYSICS AB Argon gas puffs have produced 330 kJ +/- 9% of x-ray radiation above 3 keV photon energy in fast z-pinch implosions, with remarkably reproducible K-shell spectra and power pulses. This reproducibility in x-ray production is particularly significant in light of the variations in instability evolution observed between experiments. Soft x-ray power measurements and K-shell line ratios from a time-resolved spectrum at peak x-ray power suggest that plasma gradients in these high-mass pinches may limit the K-shell radiating mass, K-shell power, and K-shell yield from high-current gas puffs. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Jones, B.; Harvey-Thompson, A. J.; Ampleford, D. J.; Jennings, C. A.; Hansen, S. B.; Moore, N. W.; Lamppa, D. C.; Johnson, D.; Jones, M. C.; Waisman, E. M.; Coverdale, C. A.; Cuneo, M. E.; Rochau, G. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Apruzese, J. P.] Engility Corp, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. [Giuliani, J. L.; Thornhill, J. W.; Ouart, N. D.; Chong, Y. K.; Velikovich, A. L.; Dasgupta, A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Krishnan, M.] Alameda Appl Sci Corp, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA. [Coleman, P. L.] Evergreen Hill Sci, Philomath, OR 97370 USA. RP Jones, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM bmjones@sandia.gov FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors would like to thank the Z operations and diagnostics teams, and the Z and System Integration Test Facility (SITF) gas-puff team, for supporting these experiments. Gas nozzle assembly and characterization at SITF was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, and we acknowledge in particular, S. W. Seiler, J. F. Davis, and Major K. Brown. We also acknowledge valuable discussions with Yitzhak Maron of the Weizmann Institute. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 2015 VL 22 IS 2 AR 020706 DI 10.1063/1.4913350 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA CC7MN UT WOS:000350552000006 ER PT J AU Swanekamp, SB Richardson, AS Angus, JR Cooperstein, G Hinshelwood, DD Ottinger, PF Rittersdorf, IM Schumer, JW Weber, BV Zier, JC AF Swanekamp, S. B. Richardson, A. S. Angus, J. R. Cooperstein, G. Hinshelwood, D. D. Ottinger, P. F. Rittersdorf, I. M. Schumer, J. W. Weber, B. V. Zier, J. C. TI Controlling hollow relativistic electron beam orbits with an inductive current divider SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID IMPEDANCE AB A passive method for controlling the trajectory of an intense, hollow electron beam is proposed using a vacuum structure that inductively splits the beam's return current. A central post carries a portion of the return current (I-1), while the outer conductor carries the remainder (I-2). An envelope equation appropriate for a hollow electron beam is derived and applied to the current divider. The force on the beam trajectory is shown to be proportional to (I-2-I-1), while the average force on the envelope (the beam width) is proportional to the beam current I-b = (I-2+I-1). The values of I-1 and I-2 depend on the inductances in the return-current path geometries. Proper choice of the return-current geometries determines these inductances and offers control over the beam trajectory. Solutions using realistic beam parameters show that, for appropriate choices of the return-current-path geometry, the inductive current divider can produce a beam that is both pinched and straightened so that it approaches a target at near-normal incidence with a beam diameter that is on the order of a few mm. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Swanekamp, S. B.; Richardson, A. S.; Angus, J. R.; Cooperstein, G.; Hinshelwood, D. D.; Ottinger, P. F.; Rittersdorf, I. M.; Schumer, J. W.; Weber, B. V.; Zier, J. C.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Swanekamp, SB (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Angus, Justin/0000-0003-1474-0002; Ottinger, Paul/0000-0001-9901-7379 FU Office of Naval Research; Sandia National Laboratories; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia Corporation is a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 2015 VL 22 IS 2 AR 023107 DI 10.1063/1.4907663 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA CC7MN UT WOS:000350552000101 ER PT J AU Sandstrom, MM Brown, GW Preston, DN Pollard, CJ Warner, KF Sorensen, DN Remmers, DL Phillips, JJ Shelley, TJ Reyes, JA Hsu, PC Reynolds, JG AF Sandstrom, Mary M. Brown, Geoffrey W. Preston, Daniel N. Pollard, Colin J. Warner, Kirstin F. Sorensen, Daniel N. Remmers, Daniel L. Phillips, Jason J. Shelley, Timothy J. Reyes, Jose A. Hsu, Peter C. Reynolds, John G. TI Variation of Methods in Small-Scale Safety and Thermal Testing of Improvised Explosives SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE Small-scale safety testing; Homemade explosives; Improvised explosives; Impact; Friction; Electrostatic discharge ID INITIATION; IMPACT AB One of the first steps in establishing safe handling procedures for explosives is small-scale safety and thermal (SSST) testing. To better understand the response of homemade or improvised explosives (HMEs) to SSST testing, 16 HME materials were compared to three standard military explosives in a proficiency-type round robin study among five laboratories, two U.S. Department of Defense and three U.S. Department of Energy, sponsored by the Department of Homeland Security, Science & Technology Directorate, Explosives Division. The testing included impact, friction, electrostatic discharge (ESD) and thermal. The testing matrix was designed to address problems encountered with improvised materials: powder mixtures, liquid suspensions, partially wetted solids, immiscible liquids, and reactive materials. All testing materials and/or precursors came from the same batch distributed to each of the participants and were handled, pretreated, and mixed by standardized procedures. For this proficiency test, the participants had similar equipment, usually differing by vintage. This allowed for a direct comparison of the results from each participant to the average of the results from all the participants. Some general trends observed for each series of tests were: (1) Drop hammer - LLNL usually found the materials less sensitive than the average with materials that have high sensitivity to impact and LANL usually found the materials less sensitive than the average with materials that have high sensitivity to impact; (2) friction - LLNL found the materials less sensitive than the average; (3) and ESD - IHD usually found the materials less sensitive than the average. In this report, the proficiency test data from all the participants is compared and contrasted for impact, selected friction, and ESD testing. Other friction and thermal data will be addressed elsewhere as well as the statistical analysis of several repeated measurements on the proficiency test standards. C1 [Sandstrom, Mary M.; Brown, Geoffrey W.; Preston, Daniel N.; Pollard, Colin J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Warner, Kirstin F.; Sorensen, Daniel N.; Remmers, Daniel L.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head, Indian Head, MD USA. [Phillips, Jason J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Shelley, Timothy J.] Bur Alcohol Tobacco & Firearms, Redstone Arsenal, AL USA. [Reyes, Jose A.] Appl Res Associates, Tyndall AFB, FL USA. [Hsu, Peter C.; Reynolds, John G.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Sandstrom, MM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM reynolds3@llnl.gov FU Los Alamos National Laboratory; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Sandia National Laboratories; Air Force Research Laboratory; Indian Head Division, Naval Surface Warfare; U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate, Explosives Division; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Air Force Research Laboratory [HSHQDC10X00414. LLNL-JRNL-649574 (769520)]; Indian Head Division, Naval Surface Warfare [HSHQDC10X00414. LLNL-JRNL-649574 (769520)] FX The authors thank Doug Bauer, Laura J. Parker and Greg Struba for their enthusiastic support. This work was performed by the Integrated Data Collection Analysis (IDCA) Program, a five-lab effort supported by Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, the Air Force Research Laboratory, and Indian Head Division, Naval Surface Warfare under sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate, Explosives Division. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. Sandia is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The Air Force Research Laboratory and Indian Head Division, Naval Surface Warfare also performed work in support of this effort under contract HSHQDC10X00414. LLNL-JRNL-649574 (769520). NR 35 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 14 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 EI 1521-4087 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 40 IS 1 BP 109 EP 126 DI 10.1002/prep.201400108 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA CC7LS UT WOS:000350549700016 ER PT J AU Mao, MY Owen, F Duffin, R Keel, B Lacy, M Momjian, E Morrison, G Mroczkowski, T Neff, S Norris, RP Schmitt, H Toy, V Veilleux, S AF Mao, Minnie Y. Owen, Frazer Duffin, Ryan Keel, Bill Lacy, Mark Momjian, Emmanuel Morrison, Glenn Mroczkowski, Tony Neff, Susan Norris, Ray P. Schmitt, Henrique Toy, Vicki Veilleux, Sylvain TI J1649+2635: a grand-design spiral with a large double-lobed radio source SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: general; galaxies: jets; galaxies: spiral; radio continuum: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; STAR-FORMATION; X-RAY; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; DYNAMICAL PROPERTIES; LUMINOSITY FUNCTIONS AB We report the discovery of a grand-design spiral galaxy associated with a double-lobed radio source. J1649+2635 (z = 0.0545) is a red spiral galaxy with a prominent bulge that it is associated with a L-1.4GHz similar to 10(24) W Hz(-1) double-lobed radio source that spans almost 100 kpc. J1649+2635 has a black hole mass of M-BH similar to 3-7 x 10(8) M-circle dot and SFR similar to 0.26-2.6 M-circle dot yr(-1). The galaxy hosts an similar to 96 kpc diffuse optical halo, which is unprecedented for spiral galaxies. We find that J1649+2635 resides in an overdense environment with a mass of M-dyn = 7.7(-4.3)(+7.9) x 10(13) M-circle dot, likely a galaxy group below the detection threshold of the ROSAT All-Sky Survey. We suggest one possible scenario for the association of double-lobed radio emission from J1649+2635 is that the source may be similar to a Seyfert galaxy, located in a denser-than-normal environment. The study of spiral galaxies that host large-scale radio emission is important because although rare in the local Universe, these sources may be more common at high redshifts. C1 [Mao, Minnie Y.; Owen, Frazer; Duffin, Ryan; Momjian, Emmanuel] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Duffin, Ryan] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Keel, Bill] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Lacy, Mark] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Morrison, Glenn] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Manoa, HI 96822 USA. [Morrison, Glenn] Canada France Hawaii Telescope Corp, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA. [Mroczkowski, Tony; Schmitt, Henrique] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Neff, Susan] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Lab Observat Cosmol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Norris, Ray P.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Toy, Vicki; Veilleux, Sylvain] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Veilleux, Sylvain] Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Mao, MY (reprint author), Natl Radio Astron Observ, POB O, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM mmao@nrao.edu RI Norris, Ray/A-1316-2008; OI Norris, Ray/0000-0002-4597-1906; Mroczkowski, Tony/0000-0003-3816-5372 FU NSF [AST-1005313]; National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory FX The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. RD was a summer student at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. The portion of this research for which TM is responsible was performed while he held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory. These results made use of the DCT at Lowell Observatory. Lowell is a private, non-profit institution dedicated to astrophysical research and public appreciation of astronomy and operates the DCT in partnership with Boston University, the University of Maryland, the University of Toledo and Northern Arizona University. The NSF funded the construction of the LMI under grant AST-1005313. NR 87 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 446 IS 4 BP 4176 EP 4185 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu2302 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC3TH UT WOS:000350272400073 ER PT J AU Pizzini, M Lin, S Ziegenfuss, DE AF Pizzini, Mina Lin, Shu Ziegenfuss, Douglas E. TI The Impact of Internal Audit Function Quality and Contribution on Audit Delay SO AUDITING-A JOURNAL OF PRACTICE & THEORY LA English DT Article DE audit delay; audit report timeliness; internal audit contribution; internal audit quality ID EXTERNAL AUDITORS; EARNINGS ANNOUNCEMENTS; CONTROL DEFICIENCIES; RELIANCE DECISION; TIMELINESS; DISCLOSURE; SERVICES; FEES AB The number of days required to complete financial statement audits (i.e., audit delay) increased significantly with the implementation of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX, U.S. House of Representatives 2002). As firms in-house experts on internal control, Internal Audit Functions (IAFs) can substantially affect financial reporting processes and, thus, audit delay. Internal auditors can help management maintain strong internal controls and assist external auditors with financial statement audits. Accordingly, we investigate whether IAF quality and the IAF's contribution to financial statement audits affect audit delay in a sample of 292 firm-year observations drawn from the pre-SOX 404 period. Using survey data from the Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA), we develop a comprehensive proxy for IAF quality; we measure different aspects of IAF quality (e.g., competence, objectivity, fieldwork rigor); and we measure the nature of the IAF's contribution to financial statement audits (independently performed work and direct assistance). Results indicate audit delay is decreasing in IAF quality, and this decrease is driven by IAF competence and fieldwork quality. Delay is four days shorter when IAFs contribute to external audits by independently performing relevant work. High-quality IAFs contribute to financial statement audits by independently performing relevant work, while low-quality IAFs provide direct assistance. C1 [Pizzini, Mina] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Lin, Shu] Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Ziegenfuss, Douglas E.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Pizzini, M (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 55 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 11 U2 38 PU AMER ACCOUNTING ASSOC PI SARASOTA PA 5717 BESSIE DR, SARASOTA, FL 34233 USA SN 0278-0380 EI 1558-7991 J9 AUDITING-J PRACT TH JI Audit.-J. Pract. Theory PD FEB PY 2015 VL 34 IS 1 BP 25 EP 58 DI 10.2308/ajpt-50848 PG 34 WC Business, Finance SC Business & Economics GA CB7JV UT WOS:000349803700003 ER PT J AU Pu, LN Luo, Y Mo, HN Le, S Peng, Z Cui, JH Jiang, ZH AF Pu, Lina Luo, Yu Mo, Haining Le, Son Peng, Zheng Cui, Jun-Hong Jiang, Zaihan TI Comparing underwater MAC protocols in real sea experiments SO COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Underwater acoustic networks (UANs); Sea experiment evaluation; MAC performance comparison ID ACOUSTIC CHANNELS; SENSOR NETWORKS; COMMUNICATION AB Underwater acoustic networks (UANs) have drawn significant attention from both academia and industry in recent years. Even though a number of underwater MAC protocols have been proposed and studied based on simulations and theoretical analysis, few work has been conducted to test these protocols in multi-hop real sea experiments. Due to the complex multipath environment, fast varying acoustic channel and heterogenous link condition, it is difficult for existing network simulators to evaluate the performance of MAC protocols in the real world. This paper presents the results of a multi-hop sea experiment comparing three representative MAC protocols: random access based UW-Aloha, handshaking based SASHA, and scheduling based PMAC. From the experiments, we identified several problems that have never been well studied before, such as heterogeneous packet delivery, temporal and spatial transmission range uncertainty, multi-hop interference and delayed data transmissions. Discussions are provided based on the new discoveries, in hopes of giving some meaningful insights into the practical MAC design for real multi-hop networks. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pu, Lina; Luo, Yu; Mo, Haining; Le, Son; Peng, Zheng; Cui, Jun-Hong] Univ Connecticut, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Storrs, CT 06029 USA. [Jiang, Zaihan] US Navy, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Luo, Y (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Storrs, CT 06029 USA. EM lina.pu@engr.uconn.edu; yu.luo@engr.uconn.edu; haining.mo@engr.uconn.edu; sonle@engr.uconn.edu; zhengpeng@engr.uconn.edu; jcui@engr.uconn.edu FU US National Science Foundation [1018422, 1127084, 1205665, 1128581, 1208499, 1331851] FX This work is supported in part by the US National Science Foundation under Grant Nos. 1018422, 1127084, 1205665, 1128581, 1208499, and 1331851. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0140-3664 EI 1873-703X J9 COMPUT COMMUN JI Comput. Commun. PD FEB 1 PY 2015 VL 56 BP 47 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.comcom.2014.09.006 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA CC1CG UT WOS:000350078200005 ER PT J AU Hardy, CL Glass, JS Sorrells, T Nicholas, LC AF Hardy, Curtis Lamar Glass, Jonathan S. Sorrells, Timothy Nicholas, Luke C. TI Hemorrhagic Panniculitis Caused by Delayed Microemboli From Intravascular Device SO JAMA DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EMBOLIZATION AB IMPORTANCE The breakdown of previously inserted intravascular devices can lead to microemboli that can clinically mimic the symptoms of common disorders, such as senile purpura, and have subtle histologic findings. However, device failure can occur gradually and start months after placement. If not identified early, microemboli to noncutaneous sites can cause significant morbidity and mortality. OBSERVATIONS A woman in her 70s presented 6 months after a complex aortic aneurysm repair with several large ecchymoses radiating from firm subcutaneous nodules on the buttocks, arms, and thighs. Skin biopsy specimens revealed extensive hemorrhage and a panniculitis with sparse, subtle, intra-arteriole, gray amorphous deposits that, on analysis by scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive radiography analysis and infrared spectrometry, were most consistent with a hydrophilic polymer. This type of hydrophilic polymer coats catheters and stents such as those used in aortic aneurysm repair. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This is an unusual case of microemboli from the polymer coating intra-arterial stents starting months after placement and causing a panniculitis. Prior observations show that polymers coating intravascular devices have the potential to break down gradually and long after the device's placement, but clinical consideration for delayed microembolization is underrecognized until catastrophic impairment or death. C1 [Hardy, Curtis Lamar] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Grad Med Educ, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Glass, Jonathan S.; Nicholas, Luke C.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Dermatol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Sorrells, Timothy] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Pathol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Hardy, CL (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Grad Med Educ, 620 John Paul Jones Cir, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM curtis.hardy@me.com NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6068 EI 2168-6084 J9 JAMA DERMATOL JI JAMA Dermatol. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 151 IS 2 BP 204 EP 207 DI 10.1001/jamadermatol.2014.2393 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA CB6RL UT WOS:000349754200020 PM 25271487 ER PT J AU Alappattu, DP Wang, Q AF Alappattu, Denny P. Wang, Qing TI Correction of Depth Bias in Upper-Ocean Temperature and Salinity Profiling Measurements from Airborne Expendable Probes SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FALL-RATE; XBT DATA; BATHYTHERMOGRAPH; SIPPICAN; EQUATION; T-7; TSK AB During the Dynamics of Madden Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO) Experiment in 2011, airborne expendable conductivity temperature depth (AXCTD) probes and airborne expendable bathythermographs (AXBTs) were deployed using NOAA's WP-3D Orion aircraft over the southern tropical Indian Ocean. From initial analysis of the AXCTD data, about 95% of profiles exhibit double mixed layer structures. The presence of a mixed layer from some of these profiles were erroneous and were introduced because of the AXCTD processing software not being able to correctly identify the starting point of the probe descent. This work reveals the impact of these errors in data processing and presents an objective method to remove such erroneous data from the profiles using spectrograms from raw audio files. Reconstructed AXCTD/AXBT profiles are compared with collocated shipbome conductivity temperature depth (CTD) and expendable bathythermograph (XBT) profiles and are found to be in good agreement. C1 [Alappattu, Denny P.; Wang, Qing] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Alappattu, DP (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, 589 Dyer Rd,Root Hall, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM dpalappa@nps.edu RI Alappattu, Denny/A-3825-2016 OI Alappattu, Denny/0000-0002-1432-057X FU ONR [N0001413WX20025]; NSF [AGS1062300]; National Research Council FX This work was supported by ONR Award N0001413WX20025 and partly by NSF Award AGS1062300. Denny P. Alappattu is sponsored by the National Research Council research associateship program. Discussions and input from Grant Johnson and Peter Black were very helpful. The hard work of Lt. David Tramp, LCDR Heather Hornick Quilenderino, and LCDR Robin Corey Cherrett in data collection and processing are greatly appreciated. Dr. James Mourn of Oregon State University provided the CTD cast data from R/V Revelle. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 EI 1520-0426 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 32 IS 2 BP 247 EP 255 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-14-00114.1 PG 9 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CB6NE UT WOS:000349742900006 ER PT J AU Panteleev, G Yaremchuk, M Stroh, J Posey, P Hebert, D Nechaev, DA AF Panteleev, Gleb Yaremchuk, Max Stroh, Jacob Posey, Pamela Hebert, David Nechaev, Dmitri A. TI Optimization of the High-Frequency Radar Sites in the Bering Strait Region SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SURFACE CURRENTS; ADJOINT SENSITIVITY; CHUKCHI SEA; CIRCULATION; NETWORK; MODEL; RECONSTRUCTION; TRANSPORT; PACIFIC; SYSTEM AB Monitoring surface currents by coastal high-frequency radars (HFRs) is a cost-effective observational technique with good prospects for further development. An important issue in improving the efficiency of HER systems is the optimization of radar positions on the coastline. Besides being constrained by environmental and logistic factors, such optimization has to account for prior knowledge of local circulation and the target quantities (such as transports through certain key sections) with respect to which the radar positions are to be optimized. In the proposed methodology, prior information of the regional circulation is specified by the solution of the 4D variational assimilation problem, where the available climatological data in the Bering Strait (BS) region are synthesized with dynamical constraints of a numerical model. The optimal HFR placement problem is solved by maximizing the reduction of a posteriori error in the mass, heat, and salt (MHS) transports through the target sections in the region. It is shown that the MHS transports into the Arctic and their redistribution within the Chukchi Sea are best monitored by placing HFRs at Cape Prince of Wales and on Little Diomede Island. Another equally efficient configuration involves placement of the second radar at Sinuk (western Alaska) in place of Diomede. Computations show that 1) optimization of the HFR deployment yields a significant (1.3-3 times) reduction of the transport errors compared to nonoptimal positioning of the radars and 2) error reduction provided by two HFRs is an order of magnitude better than the one obtained from three moorings permanently maintained in the region for the last 5 yr. This result shows a significant advantage of BS monitoring by I-LFRs compared to the more traditional technique of in situ moored observations. The obtained results are validated by an extensive set of observing system simulation experiments. C1 [Panteleev, Gleb] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Panteleev, Gleb] Natl Res Tomsk Polytech Univ, Tomsk, Russia. [Yaremchuk, Max; Posey, Pamela; Hebert, David] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Stroh, Jacob] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Nechaev, Dmitri A.] Univ So Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. RP Panteleev, G (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, POB 757340, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM gleb@iarc.uaf.edu FU International Arctic Research Center, UAF, NSF [1107925, 1203740]; Office of Naval Research [0602435N]; Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative through the Consortium for Advanced Research on Transport of Hydrocarbon in the Environment (CARTHE); Russian Government [2013-220-04-157] FX This study was funded by the International Arctic Research Center, UAF, NSF Grants 1107925 and 1203740. It was also supported by the Office of Naval Research (Program Element 0602435N, project "Adjoint-free 4dVar for ocean models"), by a grant from the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative through the Consortium for Advanced Research on Transport of Hydrocarbon in the Environment (CARTHE), and by a mega-grant of the Russian Government (Grant 2013-220-04-157). NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 EI 1520-0426 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 32 IS 2 BP 297 EP 309 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-14-00071.1 PG 13 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CB6NE UT WOS:000349742900009 ER PT J AU Greene, AD Hendricks, PJ Gregg, MC AF Greene, A. D. Hendricks, P. J. Gregg, M. C. TI Using an ADCP to Estimate Turbulent Kinetic Energy Dissipation Rate in Sheltered Coastal Waters SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICROSTRUCTURE; PROFILER; VELOCITY; FLUID; OCEAN; SILL AB Turbulent microstructure and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) data were collected near Tacoma Narrows in Puget Sound, Washington. Over 100 coincident microstructure profiles have been compared to ADCP estimates of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate (epsilon). ADCP dissipation rates were calculated using the large-eddy method with theoretically determined corrections for sensor noise on rms velocity and integral-scale calculations. This work is an extension of Ann Gargett's approach, which used a narrowband ADCP in regions with intense turbulence and strong vertical velocities. Here, a broadband AD CP is used to measure weaker turbulence and achieve greater horizontal and vertical resolution relative to the narrowband AD CP. Estimates of e from the Modular Microstructure Profiler (MMP) and broadband ADCP show good quantitative agreement over nearly three decades of dissipation rate, 3 x 10(-8)-10(-5) m(2) s(-3). This technique is most readily applied when the turbulent velocity is greater than the ADCP velocity uncertainty (sigma) and the ADCP cell size is within a factor of 2 of the Thorpe scale. The 600-kHz broadband ADCP used in this experiment yielded a noise floor of 3 mm s(-1) for 3-m vertical bins and 2-m along-track average (approximate to four pings), which resulted in turbulence levels measureable with the ADCP as weak as 3 x 10(-8) m(2) s(-3). The value and trade-off of changing the ADCP cell size, which reduces noise but also changes the ratio of the Thorpe scale to the cell size, are discussed as well. C1 [Greene, A. D.; Hendricks, P. J.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Gregg, M. C.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. RP Greene, AD (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM andrew.d.greene@navy.mil FU Section 219 funding [40000011560/0010] FX The authors thank the crew of the R/V Miller. We also thank Jesse Hansen for his help with ADCP processing and Derrick Custodio for his thorough review of the manuscript. This analysis was supported by Section 219 funding under Contract 40000011560/0010. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 EI 1520-0426 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 32 IS 2 BP 318 EP 333 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-13-00207.1 PG 16 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CB6NE UT WOS:000349742900011 ER PT J AU Charipar, KM Charipar, NA Bellemare, JV Peak, JE Pique, A AF Charipar, Kristin M. Charipar, Nicholas A. Bellemare, James V. Peak, Joseph E. Pique, Alberto TI Electrowetting Displays Utilizing Bistable, Multi-Color Pixels Via Laser Processing SO JOURNAL OF DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bistable; displays; electrowetting; laser processing; microfabrication; multi-color ID PAPER; INK AB Electronic paper, or e-Paper, for use in displays has seen rapid growth in the past decade because of its potential as an alternative to traditional transmissive displays. Offering several critical advantages over current display technologies, including high contrast in direct sunlight, wide viewing angles, and compatibility with flexible substrate processing, electrowetting displays (EWDs) have made it to the forefront of e-Paper research and development efforts. Here, we describe a new design for the fabrication of multi-color, bistable electrowetting displays. Using a laser-based process to pattern an in-plane electrode design, liquid can be manipulated out-of-plane. This process relies on electromechanical pressure forcing water in and out of channels, causing colored oil to be displaced. When voltage is removed, the oil remains in its current position, resulting in bistability. We have demonstrated multi-color, bistable pixels that maintain their state at V = 0 for several days, which drastically reduces the power required to drive the display. C1 [Charipar, Kristin M.; Charipar, Nicholas A.; Pique, Alberto] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bellemare, James V.; Peak, Joseph E.] Naval Res Lab, Tact Elect Warfare Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Charipar, KM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kristin.charipar@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 31 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1551-319X EI 1558-9323 J9 J DISP TECHNOL JI J. Disp. Technol. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 11 IS 2 SI SI BP 175 EP 182 DI 10.1109/JDT.2014.2364189 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA CB8PN UT WOS:000349893100009 ER PT J AU Tanaka, YT Doi, A Inoue, Y Cheung, CC Stawarz, L Fukazawa, Y Gurwell, MA Tahara, M Kataoka, J Itoh, R AF Tanaka, Y. T. Doi, A. Inoue, Y. Cheung, C. C. Stawarz, L. Fukazawa, Y. Gurwell, M. A. Tahara, M. Kataoka, J. Itoh, R. TI SIX YEARS OF FERMI-LAT AND MULTI-WAVELENGTH MONITORING OF THE BROAD-LINE RADIO GALAXY 3C 120: JET DISSIPATION AT SUB-PARSEC SCALES FROM THE CENTRAL ENGINE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (3C 120); galaxies: jets; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; radio continuum: galaxies; gamma-rays: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; RELATIVISTIC JETS; BLACK-HOLE; ACCRETION DISKS; ORIGIN; POWER; VARIABILITY; CONNECTION; LUMINOSITY AB We present multi-wavelength monitoring results for the broad-line radio galaxy 3C 120 in the MeV/GeV, sub-millimeter, and 43 GHz bands over 6 yr. Over the past 2 yr, the Fermi-Large Area Telescope sporadically detected 3C 120 with high significance and the 230 GHz data also suggest an enhanced activity of the source. After the MeV/GeV detection from 3C 120 in MJD 56240-56300, 43 GHz Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) monitoring revealed a brightening of the radio core, followed by the ejection of a superluminal knot. Since we observed the gamma-ray and VLBA phenomena in temporal proximity to each other, it is naturally assumed that they are physically connected. This assumption was further supported by the subsequent observation that the 43 GHz core brightened again after a gamma-ray flare occurred around MJD 56560. We can then infer that the MeV/GeV emission took place inside an unresolved 43 GHz core of 3C 120 and that the jet dissipation occurred at sub-parsec distances from the central black hole (BH), if we take the distance of the 43 GHz core from the central BH as similar to 0.5 pc, as previously estimated from the time lag between X-ray dips and knot ejections. Based on our constraints on the relative locations of the emission regions and energetic arguments, we conclude that the gamma rays are more favorably produced via the synchrotron self-Compton process, rather than inverse Compton scattering of external photons coming from the broad line region or hot dusty torus. We also derived the electron distribution and magnetic field by modeling the simultaneous broadband spectrum. C1 [Tanaka, Y. T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Doi, A.; Inoue, Y.; Stawarz, L.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Cheung, C. C.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stawarz, L.] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Fukazawa, Y.; Itoh, R.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gurwell, M. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Tahara, M.; Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. RP Tanaka, YT (reprint author), Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. EM ytanaka@hep01.hepl.hiroshima-u.ac.jp OI Inoue, Yoshiyuki/0000-0002-7272-1136 FU NASA; DOE (United States); CEA/Irfu; IN2P3/CNRS (France); ASI; INFN (Italy); MEXT (Japan); KEK (Japan); JAXA (Japan); K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; National Space Board (Sweden); INAF (Italy); CNES (France); NASA through the Fermi-LAT Guest Investigator Program; Smithsonian Institution; Academia Sinica; NASA DPR [S-15633]; Polish NSC [DEC-2012/04/A/ST9/00083] FX The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges support for LAT development, operation, and data analysis from NASA and DOE (United States), CEA/Irfu, and IN2P3/CNRS (France), ASI and INFN (Italy), MEXT, KEK, and JAXA (Japan), and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the National Space Board (Sweden). Science analysis support in the operations phase from INAF (Italy) and CNES (France) is also gratefully acknowledged. This study makes use of 43 GHz VLBA data from the VLBA-BU Blazar Monitoring Program (VLBA-BU-BLAZAR; http://www.bu.edu/blazars/VLBAproject.html), funded by NASA through the Fermi-LAT Guest Investigator Program. The VLBA is an instrument of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, a facility of the National Science Foundation operated by Associated Universities, Inc. The Submillimeter Array is a joint project between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics and is funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academia Sinica. C.C.C. was supported at NRL by NASA DPR S-15633 Y.L.S. was supported by Polish NSC grant DEC-2012/04/A/ST9/00083. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 2015 VL 799 IS 2 AR L18 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/799/2/L18 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CB0KS UT WOS:000349315400004 ER PT J AU Miladi, A Thomas, BC Beasley, K Meyerle, J AF Miladi, Anis Thomas, Brian C. Beasley, Knox Meyerle, Jon TI Angioimmunoblastic T-cell Lymphoma Presenting as Purpura Fulminans SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID CUTANEOUS INVOLVEMENT; LYMPHADENOPATHY AB Purpura fulminans is a nonspecific hematologic emergency with high initial mortality, representing a thrombotic occlusion of blood vessels leading to skin necrosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation, and often reported in the setting of sepsis. We report a case of nonfatal purpura fulminans in the context of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). C1 [Miladi, Anis] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Dermatol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Thomas, Brian C.] Tennessee River Dermatol, Florence, Alabama, Italy. [Beasley, Knox] William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. [Meyerle, Jon] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Miladi, A (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Dermatol, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM anis.miladi@med.navy.mil NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI PARSIPPANY PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA SN 0011-4162 EI 2326-6929 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD FEB PY 2015 VL 95 IS 2 BP 113 EP 115 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA CB5IM UT WOS:000349660700011 PM 25750965 ER PT J AU Rothert, J AF Rothert, Jacek TI Monitoring, moral hazard, and turnover SO ECONOMIC THEORY LA English DT Article DE Learning; Reputation; Political instability; Principal-agent ID CONTRACTS; GROWTH AB I studied the effects of monitoring on political turnover, when the politicians' early actions affect future economic outcomes. I considered an infinite-horizon environment, where the expectation about the potential successor's policy is endogenous. As a result, the incentive to replace the incumbent is endogenous. In a stationary Markov equilibrium, the relationship between monitoring and turnover is non-monotone. The model sheds light on dynamic agency problems when the agent's initial effort has persistent effects, and on the role of reputation in models with endogenous turnover. C1 US Naval Acad, Dept Econ, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Rothert, J (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Econ, 589 McNair Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM jacek.rothert@gmail.com FU University of Minnesota FX Financial support from the University of Minnesota Graduate Research Partnership Program Fellowship is gratefully acknowledged. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0938-2259 EI 1432-0479 J9 ECON THEOR JI Econ. Theory PD FEB PY 2015 VL 58 IS 2 BP 355 EP 374 DI 10.1007/s00199-014-0823-1 PG 20 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA CB4WT UT WOS:000349629800006 ER PT J AU Ringeisen, BR Rincon, K Fitzgerald, LA Fulmer, PA Wu, PK AF Ringeisen, Bradley R. Rincon, Karina Fitzgerald, Lisa A. Fulmer, Preston A. Wu, Peter K. TI Printing soil: a single-step, high-throughput method to isolate micro-organisms and near-neighbour microbial consortia from a complex environmental sample SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE microbial ecology; microbial isolation; unculturable; high throughput; biological laser printing; cell printing; microbial consortia ID UNCULTURED MICROORGANISMS; SEDIMENT BIODIVERSITY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LASER; CELLS; BACTERIA; DIVERSITY; CULTIVATION; PATTERNS; STRESS AB Traditional high throughput methods for isolating microorganisms from environmental samples such as soil or sediment require pre-processing steps to remove the living species from their solid-phase microniche, creating a liquid-phase sample. This process destroys near-neighbor relationships that could be crucial to culturing and studying the microorganisms to be isolated. An automated, high throughput method is described here that isolates pure microbial cultures and spatially related microbial consortia directly from a solid-phase complex environmental sample. By using an orifice-free printing mechanism, Biological Laser Printing (BioLP) enabled single-step isolation of viable environmental microorganisms directly from soil. Soil was spread onto a titania-coated quartz plate prior to initiating printing of soil micro-particles with focused ultraviolet laser pulses. Tunable amounts of soil were printed to glass slides, Luria Bertani agar plates and broth filled 96-well plates at deposition rates exceeding 20 micro-particles per second, demonstrating the ability to isolate thousands of micro-particles of soil in minutes. Viability, culturability and significant morphological diversity were demonstrated post-printing. Results show that single step soil printing can be used to (a) generate pure microbial cultures (isolates), and (b) isolate consortia from a micro-ecological system that exists naturally in near-neighbor proximity, undisturbed from the environmental sample. C1 [Ringeisen, Bradley R.; Fitzgerald, Lisa A.; Fulmer, Preston A.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rincon, Karina] Florida Int Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Miami, FL 33174 USA. [Wu, Peter K.] Southern Oregon Univ, Dept Phys & Engn, Ashland, OR 97520 USA. RP Ringeisen, BR (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ringeisen@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through Naval Research Laboratory [6.2, 6.1]; National Science Foundation FX The authors would like to thank the Office of Naval Research for sponsoring this research through Naval Research Laboratory 6.2 and 6.1 funds. KR thanks the National Science Foundation for funding her summer internship at NRL. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 64 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2041-210X EI 2041-2096 J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL JI Methods Ecol. Evol. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 6 IS 2 BP 209 EP 217 DI 10.1111/2041-210X.12303 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CB4WD UT WOS:000349628100010 ER PT J AU Tsai, JW Simonetti, JH Akukwe, B Bear, B Cutchin, SE Dowell, J Gough, JD Kanner, J Kassim, NE Schinzel, FK Shawhan, P Taylor, GB Yancey, CC Quezada, L Kavic, M AF Tsai, Jr-Wei Simonetti, John H. Akukwe, Bernadine Bear, Brandon Cutchin, Sean E. Dowell, Jayce Gough, Jonathan D. Kanner, Jonah Kassim, Namir E. Schinzel, Frank K. Shawhan, Peter Taylor, Gregory B. Yancey, Cregg C. Quezada, Leandro Kavic, Michael TI OBSERVATIONS OF GIANT PULSES FROM PULSAR B0950+08 USING LWA1 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE pulsars: general; pulsars: individual (PSR B0950+08); scattering ID LOW-FREQUENCY; MILLISECOND PULSAR; RADIO PULSARS; PSR B0950+08; POLARIZATION; SCATTERING; EMISSION; MHZ; SCINTILLATION; POLARIMETRY AB We report the detection of giant pulse (GP) emission from PSR B0950+08 in 24 hours of observations made at 39.4 MHz, with a bandwidth of 16 MHz, using the first station of the Long Wavelength Array. We detected 119 GPs from PSR B0950+08 (at its dispersion measure (DM)), which we define as having a signal-to-noise ratio at least 10 times larger than for the mean pulse in our data set. These 119 pulses are 0.035% of the total number of pulse periods in the 24 hours of observations. The rate of GPs is about 5.0 per hour. The cumulative distribution of pulse strength S is a steep power law, N(>S) proportional to S-4.7, but much less steep than would be expected if we were observing the tail of a Gaussian distribution of normal pulses. We detected no other transient pulses in a DM range from 1 to 90 pc cm(-3), in the beam tracking PSR B0950+08. The GPs have a narrower temporal width than the mean pulse (17.8 ms, on average, versus 30.5 ms). The pulse widths are consistent with a previously observed weak dependence on observing frequency, which may be indicative of a deviation from a Kolmogorov spectrum of electron density irregularities along the line of sight. The rate and strength of these GPs is less than has been observed at similar to 100 MHz. Additionally, the mean (normal) pulse flux density we observed is less than at similar to 100 MHz. These results suggest this pulsar is weaker and produces less frequent GPs at 39 MHz than at 100 MHz. C1 [Tsai, Jr-Wei; Simonetti, John H.; Bear, Brandon] Virginia Tech, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Akukwe, Bernadine; Quezada, Leandro; Kavic, Michael] Long Isl Univ, Dept Phys, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. [Cutchin, Sean E.] NRC NRL Postdoctoral Fellow, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dowell, Jayce; Schinzel, Frank K.; Taylor, Gregory B.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Gough, Jonathan D.] Long Isl Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. [Kanner, Jonah] CALTECH, LIGO, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Kassim, Namir E.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Shawhan, Peter; Yancey, Cregg C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Tsai, JW (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. OI Kanner, Jonah/0000-0001-8115-0577 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-07-C-0147]; National Science Foundation of the University Radio Observatory program [AST-1139974, AST-1139963]; NSF [PHY-1068549, PHY-1404121] FX We acknowledge insightful discussions with S. W. Elling-son, T. J. W. Lazio, and P. S. Ray. Construction of the LWA has been supported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-07-C-0147. Support for operations and continuing development of the LWA1 is provided by the National Science Foundation under grant AST-1139974 and AST-1139963 of the University Radio Observatory program. Part of this research was performed while S. E. Cutchin held a NRC research appointment at NRL. Basic research in radio astronomy at NRL is supported by 6.1 base funding. P. S. and C. C. Y. have been supported by NSF grants PHY-1068549 and PHY-1404121. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 149 IS 2 AR 65 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/149/2/65 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CB1BA UT WOS:000349360200030 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Allafort, A Amin, MA Baldini, L Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Blandford, RD Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brigida, M Buehler, R Bulmash, D Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Charles, E Cheung, CC Chiang, J Chiaro, G Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Corbet, RHD Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Angelis, A de Palma, F Dermer, CD Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Favuzzi, C Finke, J Focke, WB Fukazawa, Y Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Grenier, IA Grove, JE Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Hayashida, M Hays, E Hughes, RE Inoue, Y Jackson, MS Jogler, T Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Kamae, T Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Larsson, S Latronico, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Mazziotta, MN Mehault, J Michelson, PF Mizuno, T Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nemmen, R Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Paneque, D Perkins, JS Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reyes, LC Ritz, S Romoli, C Roth, M Parkinson, PMS Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Spandre, G Spinelli, P Takahashi, H Takeuchi, Y Tanaka, T Thayer, JG Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Tronconi, V Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vitale, V Waite, AP Werner, M Winer, BL Wood, KS AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Allafort, A. Amin, M. A. Baldini, L. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Blandford, R. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Buehler, R. Bulmash, D. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Chiaro, G. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Corbet, R. H. D. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Favuzzi, C. Finke, J. Focke, W. B. Fukazawa, Y. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Grenier, I. A. Grove, J. E. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. E. Inoue, Y. Jackson, M. S. Jogler, T. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Kamae, T. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Mazziotta, M. N. Mehault, J. Michelson, P. F. Mizuno, T. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nemmen, R. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Paneque, D. Perkins, J. S. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reyes, L. C. Ritz, S. Romoli, C. Roth, M. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Takahashi, H. Takeuchi, Y. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Tronconi, V. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Werner, M. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. TI GAMMA-RAY FLARING ACTIVITY FROM THE GRAVITATIONALLY LENSED BLAZAR PKS 1830-211 OBSERVED BY Fermi LAT SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: galaxies; gamma rays: general; gravitational lensing: strong; quasars: individual (PKS 1830-211); radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; X-rays: individual (PKS 1830-211) ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; EINSTEIN RING PKS-1830-211; MOLECULAR ABSORPTION-LINES; RADIO-SOURCE PKS1830-211; X-RAY; TIME-DELAY; GALACTIC NUCLEI; SOURCE CATALOG; LIGHT CURVES; 3C 454.3 AB The Large Area Telescope ( LAT) on board the FermiGamma- ray Space Telescope routinely detects the MeV- peaked flat- spectrum radio quasar PKS 1830- 211 ( z = 2.507). Its apparent isotropic. - ray luminosity ( E > 100 MeV), averaged over 3 years of observations and peaking on 2010 October 14/ 15 at 2.9 x 1050 erg s- 1, makes it among the brightest high- redshift Fermi blazars. No published model with a single lens can account for all of the observed characteristics of this complex system. Based on radio observations, one expects time- delayed variability to follow about 25 days after a primary flare, with flux about a factor of 1.5 less. Two large. - ray flares of PKS 1830- 211 have been detected by the LAT in the considered period, and no substantial evidence for such a delayed activity was found. This allows us to place a lower limit of about 6 on the. - ray flux ratio between the two lensed images. Swift XRT observations from a dedicated Target of Opportunity program indicate a hard spectrum with no significant correlation of X- ray flux with the. - ray variability. The spectral energy distribution can be modeled with inverse Compton scattering of thermal photons from the dusty torus. The implications of the LAT data in terms of variability, the lack of evident delayed flare events, and different radio and. - ray flux ratios are discussed. Microlensing effects, absorption, size and location of the emitting regions, the complex mass distribution of the system, an energy- dependent inner structure of the source, and flux suppression by the lens galaxy for one image path may be considered as hypotheses for understanding our results. C1 [Abdo, A. A.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Buehler, R.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Blandford, R. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Inoue, Y.; Jogler, T.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Paneque, D.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Tibaldo, L.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Blandford, R. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Inoue, Y.; Jogler, T.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Paneque, D.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Tibaldo, L.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Amin, M. A.] Univ Cambridge, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Amin, M. A.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Amin, M. A.; Bulmash, D.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.; Tinivella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Chiaro, G.; Pivato, G.; Rando, R.; Romoli, C.; Tronconi, V.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bregeon, J.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, Montpellier, France. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bulmash, D.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Caliandro, G. A.] Consorzio Interuniv Fis Spaziale, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Cheung, C. C.; Dermer, C. D.; Finke, J.; Grove, J. E.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Rome, Italy. [Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.] Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Jackson, M. S.; Larsson, S.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.] Royal Swedish Acad Sci, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. [Corbet, R. H. D.; Nemmen, R.] Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Corbet, R. H. D.; Nemmen, R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Corbet, R. H. D.; Nemmen, R.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Corbet, R. H. D.; Nemmen, R.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [D'Ammando, F.; Giroletti, M.] INAF, Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Drlica-Wagner, A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Ohno, M.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Guiriec, S.; Hays, E.; Nemmen, R.; Perkins, J. S.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Grenier, I. A.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CEA IRFU CNRS, Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Hadasch, D.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Werner, M.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Hadasch, D.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Werner, M.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Hayashida, M.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. [Hughes, R. E.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Jackson, M. S.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, AlbaNova, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Knoedlseder, J.] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knoedlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, GAHEC, UPS OMP, IRAP, Toulouse, France. [Larsson, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Latronico, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Lott, B.; Mehault, J.] Univ Bordeaux 1, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Murgia, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Cosmol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Reyes, L. C.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 USA. [Ritz, S.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Ritz, S.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Takeuchi, Y.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Tanaka, T.] Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Grad Sch Sci, Kyoto 606, Japan. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEE CSIC, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. RP Ciprini, S (reprint author), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. EM sara.buson@pd.infn.it; stefano.ciprini@asdc.asi.it; dammando@ira.inaf.it; justin.finke@nrl.navy.mil RI Nemmen, Rodrigo/O-6841-2014; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; OI Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018 NR 95 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2015 VL 799 IS 2 AR 143 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/799/2/143 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CA3QH UT WOS:000348820900030 ER PT J AU Lin, K Ching, A Roeland, E Ma, J Atayee, R AF Lin, Katrina Ching, Andrea Roeland, Eric Ma, Joseph Atayee, Rabia TI Titrate to Death? Prescribing Patterns of Continuous Morphine Infusions at End of Life SO JOURNAL OF PAIN AND SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Assembly of the American-Academy-of-Hospice-and-Palliative-Medicine and the Hospice-and-Palliative-Nurses-Association CY FEB 25-28, 2015 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Acad Hosp & Palliat Med, Hosp & Palliat Nurses Assoc C1 [Lin, Katrina] US Naval Hosp, Dept Internal Med, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0885-3924 EI 1873-6513 J9 J PAIN SYMPTOM MANAG JI J. Pain Symptom Manage. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 49 IS 2 MA S758 BP 437 EP 437 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal; Clinical Neurology SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA AZ8PU UT WOS:000348478200216 ER PT J AU Sundufu, A Ansumana, R Bockarie, AS Bangura, U Lamin, JM Jacobsen, KH Stenger, DA AF Sundufu, Abu James Ansumana, Rashid Bockarie, Alfred Swarray Bangura, Umaru Lamin, Joseph Morrison Jacobsen, Kathryn H. Stenger, David Andrew TI Syndromic surveillance of peste des petits ruminants and other animal diseases in Koinadugu district, Sierra Leone, 2011-2012 SO TROPICAL ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Peste des petits ruminants; Goats; Trypanosomiasis; Cattle; Syndromic surveillance ID WEST-AFRICA; VIRUS; CATTLE AB Purpose The purpose of this study was to conduct syndromic surveillance for important veterinary diseases in Koinadugu district, Northern Province, Sierra Leone. Methods This study examined all veterinary syndromic surveillance reports submitted to the district veterinary office from January 2011 through December 2012. Results In total, 5679 case reports were submitted, including 2394 fatalities. The most common syndrome reported was consistent with peste de petits ruminants (PPR) in goats (n=1649). PPR cases were reported from eight of 11 chiefdoms in the district, with a 42 per 1000 reported incidence rate and a 48 % case fatality rate. Other syndromes reported were consistent with trypanosomiasis in cattle (n=1402), Newcastle disease in poultry (n=911), black quarter in cattle (n=691), and haemorrhagic septicaemia in cattle (n=542). Conclusions Expanded use of the PPR virus vaccine may be required to help control the spread of the infection. Improved community-based prevention efforts may be effective for better control of trypanosomiasis and all these conditions. C1 [Sundufu, Abu James; Ansumana, Rashid; Bockarie, Alfred Swarray; Bangura, Umaru; Lamin, Joseph Morrison] Mercy Hosp Res Lab MHRL, Kulanda Town Bo, Sierra Leone. [Ansumana, Rashid; Bockarie, Alfred Swarray] Njala Univ, Njala, Sierra Leone. [Jacobsen, Kathryn H.] George Mason Univ, Dept Global & Community Hlth, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Stenger, David Andrew] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Ansumana, R (reprint author), Mercy Hosp Res Lab MHRL, Kulanda Town Bo, Sierra Leone. EM rashidansumana@gmail.com RI Jacobsen, Kathryn/B-5857-2008 OI Jacobsen, Kathryn/0000-0002-4198-6246 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-4747 EI 1573-7438 J9 TROP ANIM HEALTH PRO JI Trop. Anim. Health Prod. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 47 IS 2 BP 473 EP 477 DI 10.1007/s11250-014-0736-9 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences GA CA3FU UT WOS:000348792800029 PM 25433648 ER PT J AU Rohlfs, C Sullivan, R Kniesner, T AF Rohlfs, Chris Sullivan, Ryan Kniesner, Thomas TI New Estimates of the Value of a Statistical Life Using Air Bag Regulations as a Quasi-Experiment SO AMERICAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL-ECONOMIC POLICY LA English DT Article ID ROAD SAFETY; METAANALYSIS; MODELS AB Due to federal regulations, automobile air bag availability was a model-specific discontinuous function of model year for used vehicles in the 1990s and early 2000s. We use the discontinuities and the gradual increase in the supply of air bags to trace out the demand curve for air bags and the implied distribution of the Value of a Statistical Life (VSL) across consumers. Although imprecise, our preferred point estimates indicate that the median VSL is between $9 million and $11 million and that a sizable portion of consumers placed negative values on air bags, probably due to distrust of the technology. C1 [Rohlfs, Chris] Morgan Stanley, New York, NY 10019 USA. [Sullivan, Ryan] Naval Postgrad Sch, Def Resources Management Inst, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Kniesner, Thomas] Claremont Grad Univ, Dept Econ, Claremont, CA 91711 USA. RP Rohlfs, C (reprint author), Morgan Stanley, 750 Seventh Ave,33rd Floor, New York, NY 10019 USA. EM christopher.rohlfs@morganstanley.com; rssulliv@nps.edu; tkniesne@maxwell.syr.edu OI Rohlfs, Chris/0000-0001-7714-9231 FU National Institute of Aging (NIA) [1 R03 AG 031371-01A2] FX This project was made possible through generous support from the National Institute of Aging (NIA) grant number 1 R03 AG 031371-01A2. We are grateful for expert research assistance from Min-Fang Rae Lan and for helpful comments from Bill Dougan, Jeff Kubik, and anonymous NIA referees. The views expressed in this document are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the US government. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC PI NASHVILLE PA 2014 BROADWAY, STE 305, NASHVILLE, TN 37203 USA SN 1945-7731 EI 1945-774X J9 AM ECON J-ECON POLIC JI Am. Econ. J.-Econ. Policy PD FEB PY 2015 VL 7 IS 1 BP 331 EP 359 DI 10.1257/pol.20110309 PG 29 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA CA4XA UT WOS:000348909500012 ER PT J AU Broderick, MP Phillips, C Faix, D AF Broderick, Michael P. Phillips, Christopher Faix, Dennis TI Meningococcal Disease in US Military Personnel before and after Adoption of Conjugate Vaccine SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID UNITED-STATES MILITARY; HUMAN IMMUNITY; POLYSACCHARIDES; IMMUNOGENICITY C1 [Broderick, Michael P.; Phillips, Christopher; Faix, Dennis] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92016 USA. RP Broderick, MP (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92016 USA. EM michael.broderick@med.navy.mil NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2015 VL 21 IS 2 BP 377 EP 379 DI 10.3201/eid2102.141037 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AZ8WC UT WOS:000348491400037 PM 25625525 ER PT J AU Beck, TN Lloyd, D Kuskovsky, R Minah, J Arora, K Plotkin, BJ Green, JM Boshoff, HI Barry, C Deschamps, J Konaklieva, MI AF Beck, Tim N. Lloyd, Dina Kuskovsky, Rostislav Minah, Jeanette Arora, Kriti Plotkin, Balbina J. Green, Jacalyn M. Boshoff, Helena I. Barry, Clifton, III Deschamps, Jeffrey Konaklieva, Monika I. TI Non-transpeptidase binding arylthioether beta-lactams active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Moraxella catarrhalis SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Moraxella catarrhalis; beta-Lactams; Antimicrobial resistance ID STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; IDENTIFICATION; ENZYMES; PROBES; AGENTS; MRSA AB The prevalence of drug resistance in both clinical and community settings as a consequence of alterations of biosynthetic pathways, enzymes or cell wall architecture is a persistent threat to human health. We have designed, synthesized, and tested a novel class of non-transpeptidase, beta-lactamase resistant monocyclic beta-lactams that carry an arylthio group at C4. These thioethers exhibit inhibitory and cidal activity against serine beta-lactamase producing Mycobacterium tuberculosis wild type strain (Mtb) and multiple (n = 8) beta-lactamase producing Moraxella catarrhalis clinical isolates. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Beck, Tim N.; Lloyd, Dina; Kuskovsky, Rostislav; Minah, Jeanette; Konaklieva, Monika I.] Amer Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Plotkin, Balbina J.; Green, Jacalyn M.] Midwestern Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chicago, IL 60515 USA. [Arora, Kriti; Boshoff, Helena I.; Barry, Clifton, III] NIAID, TB Res Sect, LCID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Konaklieva, MI (reprint author), Amer Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20016 USA. EM mkonak@american.edu RI Barry, III, Clifton/H-3839-2012 FU American University Research Grant; Department of Chemistry at American University, Washington, D.C.; Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL; Intramural Research Program of the NIH, NIAID FX This work was funded in part, by the American University Research Grant and the Department of Chemistry at American University, Washington, D.C. and by Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL. This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, NIAID. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0968-0896 EI 1464-3391 J9 BIOORGAN MED CHEM JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 2015 VL 23 IS 3 BP 632 EP 647 DI 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.11.025 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA AZ2BO UT WOS:000348039700026 PM 25549898 ER PT J AU Briggs, KB Cartwright, G Friedrichs, CT Shivarudruppa, S AF Briggs, Kevin B. Cartwright, Grace Friedrichs, Carl T. Shivarudruppa, S. TI Biogenic effects on cohesive sediment erodibility resulting from recurring seasonal hypoxia on the Louisiana shelf SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Erodibility; Seasonal hypoxia; Macrobenthos; Bioturbation; Gulf of Mexico; Louisiana ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; FECAL PELLET PRODUCTION; SAND-MUD MIXTURES; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; BURROWING INVERTEBRATES; INTERTIDAL SEDIMENTS; BENTHIC MACROFAUNA; MARINE BENTHOS; BIOTURBATION; EROSION AB Sediment erodibility was measured during summer 2010 at four sites off the Louisiana coast that experienced differing exposures to seasonal hypoxia. Stations were sampled along the 30-m isobath, and the sediments at all four sites were cohesive in nature. The largest difference in erodibility occurred between the site that had experienced hypoxia greater than 75% of the time and the site that had experienced hypoxia less than 25% of the time. Erodibility was higher at the sites with a history of seasonal hypoxia and lowest at the normoxic (< 25%) site. Laboratory measurements of lower sediment shear strength from cores were consistent with on-site measurements of higher erodibility from the sites that experienced seasonal hypoxia. The macrobenthos collected at the sites reflected the effects of hypoxia, with a more diverse assemblage occupying the normoxic site and less diverse assemblages occupying the sites exposed to hypoxia at greater frequencies. Although macrobenthic community analysis indicated that the assemblages at the four sites were similar, significant differences in the species abundance, feeding types, and bioturbation modes of the fauna were documented. Of particular importance to sediment erodibility may be the ratio of the concentrations of fauna known to be responsible for sediment dilation to the fauna known to be responsible for sediment compaction. Highly erodible and low shear strength sediments had a dilator/compactor ratio of 23 dilators to every one compactor; the less erodible and higher shear strength sediments had dilator/compactor ratios of 2.0-5.0. Ratios of dilators to compactors appeared to be consistent in macrofaunal censuses conducted previously at the same sites. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Briggs, Kevin B.] Naval Res Lab, Seafloor Sci Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Cartwright, Grace; Friedrichs, Carl T.] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. [Shivarudruppa, S.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Briggs, KB (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Seafloor Sci Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM kevin.briggs@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; National Science Foundation [OCE-1061781] FX We would like to thank M. Richardson, J. Watkins, J. Dale, M. Spearman, V. Hartmann, K. Fall, W. Gardner, M. Fisher, Z. Liu, L. Xiao, T. Richards, and D. McClain for their assistance with the fieldwork on the cruise. D. Menke, C. Rakocinski, R. Heard, S. Le-Croy, G. Gaston, J. McLelland, and J. Blake provided invaluable taxonomic assistance and A. Tootle and A. Eubanks assisted with the laboratory work. Our special thanks go to Nancy Rabalais for providing the bottom O2 data and especially to the captain and crew of the R/V Pelican for their assistance and professionalism. The Office of Naval Research provided support for this research. National Science Foundation Grant OCE-1061781 supported data analysis by VIMS personnel. NR 73 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-4343 EI 1873-6955 J9 CONT SHELF RES JI Cont. Shelf Res. PD FEB 1 PY 2015 VL 93 BP 17 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.csr.2014.11.005 PG 10 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA CA1QL UT WOS:000348686700002 ER PT J AU Segala, DB Chelidze, D AF Segala, David B. Chelidze, David TI Robust and Dynamically Consistent Model Order Reduction for Nonlinear Dynamic Systems SO JOURNAL OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID PROPER ORTHOGONAL DECOMPOSITION; VIBRATION; IDENTIFICATION; DIMENSION; DAMAGE AB There is a great importance for faithful reduced order models (ROMs) that are valid over a range of system parameters and initial conditions. In this paper, we demonstrate through two nonlinear dynamic models (pinned-pinned beam and thin plate) that are both randomly and periodically forced that smooth orthogonal decomposition (SOD)based ROMs are valid over a wide operating range of system parameters and initial conditions when compared to proper orthogonal decomposition (POD)-based ROMs. Two new concepts of subspace robustness-the ROM is valid over a range of initial conditions, forcing functions, and system parameters-and dynamical consistency-the ROM embeds the nonlinear manifold-are used to show that SOD, as opposed to POD, can capture the low order dynamics of a particular system even if the system parameters or initial conditions are perturbed from the design case. C1 [Segala, David B.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Chelidze, David] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Mech Engn, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. RP Segala, DB (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM david.segala@navy.mil; chelidze@egr.uri.edu RI Chelidze, David/K-2417-2015 OI Chelidze, David/0000-0003-0655-1439 FU National Science Foundation [1100031] FX David Segala would like to thank the Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division Newport Internal Investments and David Chelidze would like to thank the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1100031. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0022-0434 EI 1528-9028 J9 J DYN SYST-T ASME JI J. Dyn. Syst. Meas. Control-Trans. ASME PD FEB PY 2015 VL 137 IS 2 AR 021011 DI 10.1115/1.4028470 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation GA AZ2FR UT WOS:000348050500011 ER PT J AU Stevens, MH Evans, JS Lumpe, J Westlake, JH Ajello, JM Bradley, ET Esposito, LW AF Stevens, Michael H. Evans, J. Scott Lumpe, Jerry Westlake, Joseph H. Ajello, Joseph M. Bradley, E. Todd Esposito, Larry W. TI Molecular nitrogen and methane density retrievals from Cassini UVIS dayglow observations of Titan's upper atmosphere SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Titan, atmosphere; Atmospheres, composition; Aeronomy; Spectroscopy ID SOLAR EUV; ELECTRON-IMPACT; STELLAR OCCULTATIONS; THERMAL STRUCTURE; CROSS-SECTIONS; ERROR ANALYSIS; MODEL; THERMOSPHERE; PHOTOELECTRON; IRRADIANCE AB We retrieve number densities of molecular nitrogen (N-2) and methane (CH4) from Titan's upper atmosphere using the UV dayglow. We use Cassini Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph (UVIS) limb observations from 800 to 1300 km of the N I 1493 A and N II 1085 angstrom multiplets, both produced directly from photo-fragmentation of N-2. UVIS N-2 and CH4 densities are in agreement with measurements from Cassini's Ion Neutral Mass Spectrometer (INMS) from the same flyby if INMS densities are scaled up by a factor of 3.0 as reported in previous studies. Analysis of three Cassini flybys of Titan shows that (1) the CH4 homopause on Titan is between 900 and 1100 km, (2) upper atmospheric temperatures vary by less than 10 K over 6 h at the same geographic location and (3) from 1100 to 1700 local solar time temperatures also vary by less than 10 K. The capability of retrieving the global-scale composition from these data complements existing techniques and significantly advances the study of upper atmospheric variability at Titan and for any other atmosphere with a detectable UV dayglow. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Stevens, Michael H.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Evans, J. Scott] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. [Lumpe, Jerry] Computat Phys Inc, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Westlake, Joseph H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Ajello, Joseph M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Bradley, E. Todd] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Esposito, Larry W.] Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RP Stevens, MH (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Westlake, Joseph/G-2732-2015 OI Westlake, Joseph/0000-0003-0472-8640 FU NASA [NNH13AV62I] FX MHS, JSE and JMA gratefully acknowledge the NASA Cassini Data Analysis Program for supporting this work (#NNH13AV62I). We thank A. Jouchoux, R. West and the UVIS Operations Team for their help in arranging the observations presented herein and R. Meier for assistance with the solar irradiance calculations for this work and for many useful discussions. We also thank T. Koskinen and F.J. Capalbo for providing the occultation data shown in this work. NR 53 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD FEB PY 2015 VL 247 BP 301 EP 312 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.10.008 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX1ER UT WOS:000346691400021 ER PT J AU Burgos, S Ear, S AF Burgos, S. Ear, S. TI Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Policy: Insights from Cambodia, Hong Kong and Indonesia SO TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Cambodia; Hong Kong; Indonesia; diseases; public health ID EMERGENCE AB Emerging infectious diseases affect the health of animal and human populations, but the impact goes beyond health as it extends to political, economic, social and environmental domains, as well as inter-state relations. Deeper understanding of these impacts aids public health authorities in their duties of protection and improvement of the health of their communities, promotion of healthy practices and research on disease, injury and threat prevention and mitigation. This empirical essay gathers insights from Cambodia, Hong Kong and Indonesia as they attempt to design and implement control and surveillance systems against avian influenza - an infectious disease. C1 [Burgos, S.] Univ S Alabama, Coll Med, Mobile, AL 36608 USA. [Ear, S.] US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Burgos, S (reprint author), Univ S Alabama, Coll Med, 775 N Univ Blvd 250, Mobile, AL 36608 USA. EM sigfridoburgos@southalabama.edu NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1865-1674 EI 1865-1682 J9 TRANSBOUND EMERG DIS JI Transbound. Emerg. Dis. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 62 IS 1 BP 96 EP 101 DI 10.1111/tbed.12084 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA AY1CW UT WOS:000347332000013 PM 23551938 ER PT J AU Hanbicki, AT Currie, M Kioseoglou, G Friedman, AL Jonker, BT AF Hanbicki, A. T. Currie, M. Kioseoglou, G. Friedman, A. L. Jonker, B. T. TI Measurement of high exciton binding energy in the monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides WS2 and WSe2 SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE 2D monolayers; Transition-metal dichalcogenides; Exciton binding energy ID LAYER MOS2 TRANSISTORS; MOLYBDENUM-DISULFIDE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; ATOM AB Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides are direct gap semiconductors with great promise for optoelectronic devices. Although spatial correlation of electrons and holes plays a key role, there is little experimental information on such fundamental properties as exciton binding energies and band gaps. We report here an experimental determination of exciton excited states and binding energies for monolayer WS2 and WSe2. We observe peaks in the optical reflectivity/absorption spectra Corresponding to the ground- and excited-state excitons (1s and 2s states). From these features, we determine lower bounds free of any model assumptions for the exciton binding energies as E-2s(A) - E-1s(A) of 0.83 eV and 0.79 eV for WS2 and WSe2, respectively, and for the corresponding band gaps E-g >= E-2s(A) 012.90 and 2.53 eV at 4 K. Because the binding energies are large, the true band gap is substantially higher than the dominant spectral feature commonly observed with photoluminescence. This information is critical for emerging applications, and provides new insight into these novel monolayer semiconductors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hanbicki, A. T.; Currie, M.; Friedman, A. L.; Jonker, B. T.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kioseoglou, G.] Univ Crete, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Iraklion 71003, Greece. RP Jonker, BT (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Jonker@nrl.navy.mil RI Friedman, Adam/D-9610-2011 OI Friedman, Adam/0000-0003-0597-5432 FU NRL; NRL Nanoscience Institute FX We thank Jim Culbertson for assistance with Raman measurements. GK gratefully acknowledges the hospitality and support of the Naval Research Laboratory where the experiments were performed. This work was supported by core programs at NRL and the NRL Nanoscience Institute. NR 37 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 11 U2 144 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 EI 1879-2766 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 203 BP 16 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2014.11.005 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AX6MD UT WOS:000347035400004 ER PT J AU Lepping, RP Wu, CC Berdichevsky, DB AF Lepping, R. P. Wu, C. -C. Berdichevsky, D. B. TI Yearly Comparison of Magnetic Cloud Parameters, Sunspot Number, and Interplanetary Quantities for the First 18 Years of the Wind Mission SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Magnetic Cloud; Sun spot number; Solar wind; Coronal Mass Ejection; Interplanetary magnetic field; MC fitting model ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; SOLAR-WIND; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; INTERACTION REGION; INNER HELIOSPHERE; FLUX ROPES; AU; VOYAGER; FIELDS; ERRORS AB In the scalar part of this study, we determine various statistical relationships between estimated magnetic cloud (MC) model fit-parameters and sunspot number (SSN) for the interval defined by the Wind mission, i.e., early 1995 until the end of 2012, all in terms of yearly averages. The MC-fitting model used is that of Lepping, Jones, and Burlaga (J. Geophys. Res. 95, 11957 -aEuro parts per thousand 11965, 1990). We also statistically compare the MC fit-parameters and other derived MC quantities [e.g., axial magnetic flux (I broken vertical bar(O)) and total axial current density (J (O))] with some associated ambient interplanetary quantities (including the interplanetary magnetic field (B (IMF)), proton number density (N (P)), and others). Some of the main findings are that the minimum SSN is nearly simultaneous with the minimum in the number of MCs per year (N (MC)), which occurs in 2008. There are various fluctuations in N (MC) and the MC model-fit quality (Q') throughout the mission, but the last four years (2009 -aEuro parts per thousand 2012) are markedly different from the others; Q' is low and N (MC) is large over these four years. N (MC) is especially large for 2012. The linear correlation coefficient (c.c.a parts per thousand 0.75) between the SSN and each of the three quantities J (O), MC diameter (2R (O)), and B (IMF), is moderately high, but none of the MC parameters track the SSN well in the sense defined in this article. However, there is good statistical tracking among the following: MC axial field, B (IMF), 2R (O), average MC speed (V (MC)), and yearly average solar wind speed (V (SW)) with relatively high c.c.s among most of these. From the start of the mission until late 2005, J (O) gradually increases, with a slight violation in 2003, but then a dramatic decrease (by more than a factor of five) occurs to an almost steady and low value of a parts per thousand aEuro parts per thousand 3 mu A km(-2) until the end of the interval of interest, i.e., lasting for at least seven years. This tends to split the overall 18-year interval into two phases with a separator at the end of 2005. There is good tracking between 2R (O) and the total axial current density, as expected. The MC duration is also correlated well with these two quantities. I broken vertical bar(O) shows marked variations throughout the mission, but has no obvious trend. N (P), B (IMF), V (MC), Q', and V (SW) are all quite steady over the full 18 years and have markedly low relative variation. Concerning vector quantities, we examine the distribution of MC type for the 18 years, where type refers to the field directional change through a given MC starting at first encounter (i.e., North-to-South, or South-to-North, All South, All North, etc.). Combining all 18 years of MC types shows that the occurrence rate varies strongly across the various MC types, with N-to-S being most prevalent, with a 27 % occurrence rate (of all MCs), and S-to-N being second, with a 23 % occurrence. Then All N and All S come next at 16 % and 10 % occurrence rate, respectively. All others are at 7 % or lower. For the variation of MC types with time, the southern types (i.e., those that start with a southern magnetic field, a negative B (Z) in geocentric-solar-ecliptic coordinates) decrease, as the northern types (i.e. , those that start with a northern field) increase, apparently consistent with the specific timing of the polarity change of the solar magnetic field, as predicted by Bothmer and Rust (in Crooker, N., Joselyn, J., Feynman J. (eds), Geophys. Monogr., 139 -aEuro parts per thousand 146, 1997). C1 [Lepping, R. P.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Wu, C. -C.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Berdichevsky, D. B.] Univ Dist Columbia, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Washington, DC USA. RP Wu, CC (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Chin-Chun.Wu@nrl.navy.mil FU NASA [NNG10PB25P]; ONR 6.1 program FX We thank the Wind/MFI and SWE teams for the care they employ in producing the plasma and field data used for this work, and in particular, we thank Keith Ogilvie, the principal investigator of SWE, and Adam Szabo (PI) and Franco Mariani (instrument calibrations), both of the MFI team. We are grateful to the referee for comments that significantly added to the proper interpretation of our analysis and for finding a mistake. This work was supported by a NASA program under grant number NNG10PB25P. CCW was partially supported by the ONR 6.1 program. NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 EI 1573-093X J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 290 IS 2 BP 553 EP 578 DI 10.1007/s11207-014-0622-7 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX0LN UT WOS:000346644000015 ER PT J AU Severson, TA Paley, DA AF Severson, Tracie A. Paley, Derek A. TI Distributed Multitarget Search and Track Assignment With Consensus-Based Coordination SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Cooperative systems; graph theory; networks; optimization methods; radar ID RESOURCE-MANAGEMENT; MULTIAGENT SYSTEMS; BALLISTIC TARGET; TOPOLOGIES AB This paper presents a distributed, consensus-based approach to optimize radar resource management for ballistic missile surveillance and tracking. Radar search, target detection, and target tracking are described using a nonlinear, three-dimensional model. Target tracking includes an estimate of the resources required to reduce target uncertainty to support engagements. Each radar determines its preferred radar-to-target assignment using a probabilistic optimization algorithm that balances radar loading and minimizes the total radar usage. Under heightened track demand, radar search sectors degrade symmetrically about a designated threat axis. A unique global radar-to-target assignment that is robust to resource estimation error is generated by a distributed consensus algorithm. Performance of the coordinated algorithm is compared with uncoordinated alternatives via Monte Carlo simulations. C1 [Severson, Tracie A.] US Naval Acad, Dept Weap & Syst Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Paley, Derek A.] Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Severson, TA (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Weap & Syst Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM severson@usna.edu; dpaley@umd.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N00174-09-2-00023] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under Grant N00174-09-2-00023. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 20 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1530-437X EI 1558-1748 J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD FEB PY 2015 VL 15 IS 2 BP 864 EP 875 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2014.2355200 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA AU9IQ UT WOS:000345905900011 ER PT J AU Chen, W AF Chen, Wei TI Current Motion Tracking from Satellite Image Sequence With Global Similarity Optimization Model SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Bias and gain independent; global similarity criterion (GSC); global similarity optimization model (GSOM); illumination robustness; normalized cross correlation (NCC); optical or heat flow computation; radiometric variation ID OPTICAL-FLOW ESTIMATION; VARYING ILLUMINATION; SURFACE VELOCITY; REGISTRATION AB A new approach is proposed for motion tracking from a satellite image sequence to address the issue of radiometric variations between two-frame images. A global similarity criterion is defined based on the cross correlation between two images to convert a convex optimization model to a nonconvex one. The retrieval of the motion field with the criterion of maximum similarity becomes solving a nonlinear minimization problem. One of the generic iterative equations is formulated based on the global similarity optimization model (GSOM) and a unified adaptive framework. The simplified iterative equation is easy to implement and highly efficient with lower computational complexity for motion estimation. The new GSOM method can adapt to the violations of the tracer conservation constraint for motion field estimation when there are radiometric variations between two images. The approach is tested using an ocean simulation data set and realistic satellite infrared image sequences. Experimental results indicate that the new approach is not only robust for radiometric variations between two images but also efficient, fast, and accurate for motion estimation. C1 Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chen, W (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7233, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM wei.chen@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through Naval Research Laboratory [WU-72-4279] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research through Project WU-72-4279 at the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 26 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 EI 1558-0644 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD FEB PY 2015 VL 53 IS 2 BP 1008 EP 1015 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2014.2332044 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AQ6HG UT WOS:000342910800034 ER PT J AU Bates, JW AF Bates, J. W. TI Theory of the corrugation instability of a piston-driven shock wave SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SPONTANEOUS ACOUSTIC-EMISSION; IONIZING MONATOMIC GASES; HYDROGEN IMPURITIES; TRANSVERSE-WAVES; STABILITY; DETONATION; TRANSITION; PHASE; PROPAGATION; PLASMA AB We analyze the two-dimensional stability of a shock wave driven by a steadily moving corrugated piston in an inviscid fluid with an arbitrary equation of state. For h <= -1 or h > h(c), where h is the D'yakov parameter and hc is the Kontorovich limit, we find that small perturbations on the shock front are unstable and grow-at first quadratically and later linearly-with time. Such instabilities are associated with nonequilibrium fluid states and imply a nonunique solution to the hydrodynamic equations. The above criteria are consistent with instability limits observed in shock-tube experiments involving ionizing and dissociating gases and may have important implications for driven shocks in laser-fusion, astrophysical, and/or detonation studies. C1 US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bates, JW (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 EI 1550-2376 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JAN 30 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 1 AR 013014 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.91.013014 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA CD7KQ UT WOS:000351269700012 PM 25679715 ER PT J AU Claussen, JC Malanoski, A Breger, JC Oh, E Walper, SA Susumu, K Goswami, R Deschamps, JR Medintz, IL AF Claussen, Jonathan C. Malanoski, Anthony Breger, Joyce C. Oh, Eunkeu Walper, Scott A. Susumu, Kimihiro Goswami, Ramasis Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Medintz, Igor L. TI Probing the Enzymatic Activity of Alkaline Phosphatase within Quantum Dot Bioconjugates SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY; GLUCOSE-OXIDASE; IMMOBILIZED ENZYMES; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; TRANSFER RELAY; CYTOCHROME-C; PEPTIDE; PERFORMANCE; BIOSENSORS AB Enzymes provide the critical means by which to catalyze almost all biological reactions in a controlled manner. Methods to harness and exploit their properties are of strong current interest to the growing field of biotechnology. In contrast to depending upon recombinant genetic approaches, a growing body of evidence suggests that apparent enzymatic activity can be enhanced when located at a nanoparticle interface. We use semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) as a well-defined and easily bioconjugated nanoparticle along with Escherichia coli-derived alkaline phosphatase (AP) as a prototypical enzyme to seek evidence for this process in a de novo model system. We began by first assessing whether the relatively large dimeric AP protein (similar to 100 kDa) can be assembled onto two differentially sized green and red CdSe/ZnS core/shell QDs in a ratiometric and structurally controlled manner; such assembly is necessary to minimize heterogeneity within the bioconjugate and provide intimate control over the experimental format. For this, analysis is undertaken using both structural modeling and physicochemical characterization techniques including dynamic light scattering and agarose gel electrophoresis; these all provide strong supporting evidence for controlled AP attachment to the QDs. The enzymatic activity of AP-QD bioconjugates assembled on the different QDs and displaying variable AP:QD ratios was then assayed against equivalent amounts of freely diffusing enzyme controls in both conventional excess substrate formats and a varying enzyme-fixed substrate format that is more amenable in general to concentration-limited nanoparticle conjugates. The resulting experimental data were then analyzed in the context of the Michaelis-Menten model and compared. The results show a general equivalency between the two assay formats while also providing evidence for an increase in apparent AP activity of ca. 25% when attached to the QDs. Some discussion is provided on the underlying mechanisms that may contribute to the enhanced activity along with the implications of this work toward future research. C1 [Claussen, Jonathan C.; Malanoski, Anthony; Breger, Joyce C.; Walper, Scott A.; Deschamps, Jeffrey R.; Medintz, Igor L.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Oh, Eunkeu; Susumu, Kimihiro] US Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Goswami, Ramasis] US Naval Res Lab, Nanosci Inst, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Claussen, Jonathan C.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Walper, Scott A.; Susumu, Kimihiro] Sotera Def Solut, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Breger, Joyce C.] Amer Soc Engn Educ, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil OI Claussen, Jonathan/0000-0001-7065-1077 FU NRL NSI; ONR; DTRA JSTO MIPR [B112582M] FX Financial support is gratefully acknowledged from the NRL NSI, ONR, and DTRA JSTO MIPR B112582M. NR 86 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 5 U2 78 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD JAN 29 PY 2015 VL 119 IS 4 BP 2208 EP 2221 DI 10.1021/jp5110467 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA CA2QR UT WOS:000348753000067 ER PT J AU Hecht, JH Christensen, AB Yee, JH Crowley, G Bishop, RL Budzien, SA Stephan, AW Evans, JS AF Hecht, James H. Christensen, Andrew B. Yee, Jeng-Hwa Crowley, Geoff Bishop, Rebeeca L. Budzien, Scott A. Stephan, Andrew W. Evans, J. Scott TI A new technique for remote sensing of O-2 density from 140 to 180 km SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE technique; thermosphere; composition ID ATMOSPHERE; DAYGLOW; MIDDLE; OXYGEN; MODEL AB Observations of molecular oxygen are difficult to make in the Earth's atmosphere between 140 and 200 km altitude. Perhaps the most accurate measurements to date have been obtained from satellite instruments that measure solar occultations of the limb. These do provide height-resolved O-2 density measurements, but the nature of this technique is such that the temporal/spatial distribution of the measurements is uneven. Here a new space-based technique is described that utilizes two bright dayglow emissions, the (0,0) transition of the O-2 atmospheric band and the O I (630 nm), to derive the height-resolved O-2 density from 140 to 180 km. Data from the Remote Atmospheric and Ionospheric Detection System, which was placed on the International Space Station in late 2009, are used to illustrate this technique. The O-2 density results for periods in May 2010 that were geomagnetically quiet and disturbed are compared to model predictions. C1 [Hecht, James H.; Christensen, Andrew B.; Bishop, Rebeeca L.] Aerosp Corp, Space Sci Applicat Lab, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. [Yee, Jeng-Hwa] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA. [Crowley, Geoff] ASTRA LLC, Boulder, CO USA. [Budzien, Scott A.; Stephan, Andrew W.] Naval Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Evans, J. Scott] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA USA. RP Hecht, JH (reprint author), Aerosp Corp, Space Sci Applicat Lab, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. EM james.hecht@aero.org FU Office of Naval Research and The Aerospace Corporation's Independent Research and Development program; NASA [NNX11AD71G]; Aerospace Corporation's SERPA program FX RAIDS was integrated and flown under the direction of the Department of Defense Space Test Program. RAIDS was built jointly by the Naval Research Laboratory and The Aerospace Corporation, with additional support from the Office of Naval Research and The Aerospace Corporation's Independent Research and Development program. Support for this work is also provided at Aerospace by NASA grant NNX11AD71G and by The Aerospace Corporation's SERPA program. The TIMEGCM modeling at ASTRA was supported by a subcontract from NASA grant NNX11AD71G. The data in this paper can be obtained by contacting the lead author. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 28 PY 2015 VL 42 IS 2 BP 233 EP 240 DI 10.1002/2014GL062355 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CB9MO UT WOS:000349956000007 ER PT J AU Ortenzi, L Gretarsson, H Kasahara, S Matsuda, Y Shibauchi, T Finkelstein, KD Wu, W Julian, SR Kim, YJ Mazin, II Boeri, L AF Ortenzi, L. Gretarsson, H. Kasahara, S. Matsuda, Y. Shibauchi, T. Finkelstein, K. D. Wu, W. Julian, S. R. Kim, Young-June Mazin, I. I. Boeri, L. TI Structural Origin of the Anomalous Temperature Dependence of the Local Magnetic Moments in the CaFe2As2 Family of Materials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID IRON PNICTIDES; STATE; SPECTROSCOPY AB We report a combination of Fe K beta x-ray emission spectroscopy and density functional reduced Stoner theory calculations to investigate the correlation between structural and magnetic degrees of freedom in CaFe2(As1-xPx)(2). The puzzling temperature behavior of the local moment found in rare earth-doped CaFe2As2 [H. Gretarsson et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 047003 (2013)] is also observed in CaFe2(As1-xPx)(2). We explain this phenomenon based on first-principles calculations with scaled magnetic interaction. One scaling parameter is sufficient to describe quantitatively the magnetic moments in both CaFe2(As1-xPx)(2) (x = 0.055) and Ca0.78La0.22Fe2As2 at all temperatures. The anomalous growth of the local moments with increasing temperature can be understood from the observed large thermal expansion of the c-axis lattice parameter combined with strong magnetoelastic coupling. These effects originate from the strong tendency to form As-As dimers across the Ca layer in the CaFe2As2 family of materials. Our results emphasize the dual local-itinerant character of magnetism in Fe pnictides. C1 [Ortenzi, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, Inst Complex Syst ISC CNR, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Ortenzi, L.; Gretarsson, H.] Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Gretarsson, H.; Wu, W.; Julian, S. R.; Kim, Young-June] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Kasahara, S.; Matsuda, Y.; Shibauchi, T.] Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Shibauchi, T.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Adv Mat Sci, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778561, Japan. [Finkelstein, K. D.] Cornell Univ, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Mazin, I. I.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Boeri, L.] Graz Univ Technol, Inst Theoret & Computat Phys, A-8010 Graz, Austria. RP Ortenzi, L (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, Inst Complex Syst ISC CNR, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy. RI Kim, Young-June /G-7196-2011; Shibauchi, Takasada/B-9349-2008; Boeri, Lilia/B-6162-2015; Kasahara, Shigeru/H-3064-2014 OI Kim, Young-June /0000-0002-1172-8895; Shibauchi, Takasada/0000-0001-5831-4924; Boeri, Lilia/0000-0003-1186-2207; Kasahara, Shigeru/0000-0002-6007-9617 FU ONR through the NRL basic research program; A. v. Humboldt foundation; NSERC; CFI; OMRI; CIfAR; National Science Foundation; National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences under NSF [DMR-0936384]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [1458, Boe/3536-1] FX The authors acknowledge useful discussions with G. Khaliullin. I. I. M. acknowledges support from ONR through the NRL basic research program and from the A. v. Humboldt foundation. Research at the University of Toronto was supported by the NSERC, CFI, OMRI, and CIfAR. The use of the CHESS facility was supported by the National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences under NSF Grant No. DMR-0936384. L. O. acknowledges support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under Priority Program 1458, Grant No. Boe/3536-1. NR 46 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 9 U2 52 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 28 PY 2015 VL 114 IS 4 AR 047001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.047001 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CB8IE UT WOS:000349871400007 PM 25679903 ER PT J AU Qadri, SB Gorzkowski, E Rath, BB Feng, J Qadri, SN Kim, H Caldwell, JD Imam, MA AF Qadri, S. B. Gorzkowski, E. Rath, B. B. Feng, J. Qadri, S. N. Kim, H. Caldwell, J. D. Imam, M. A. TI Nanoparticles and nanorods of silicon carbide from the residues of corn SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID STACKING-FAULTS; SIC POLYTYPES; PIN DIODES; DEFECTS; LIGHT; TEMPERATURE; NANOSCALE; NANOWIRES; PRESSURE; WHISKERS AB We have investigated the thermally induced transformation of various residues of the corn plant into nanoparticles and nanorods of different silicon carbide (SiC) polytypes. This has been accomplished by both microwave-induced and conventional furnace pyrolysis in excess of 1450 degrees C in an inert atmosphere. This simple process of producing nanoparticles of different polytypes of SiC from the corn plant opens a new method of utilizing agricultural waste to produce viable industrial products that are technologically important for nanoelectronics, molecular sensors, nanophotonics, biotechnology, and other mechanical applications. Using x-ray and Raman scattering characterization, we have demonstrated that the processed samples of corn husk, leaves, stalks, and cob consist of SiC nanostructures of the 2H, 3C, 4H, and 6H polytypes. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Qadri, S. B.; Gorzkowski, E.; Rath, B. B.; Feng, J.; Qadri, S. N.; Kim, H.; Caldwell, J. D.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Component Technol Directorate, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Imam, M. A.] George Washington Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Qadri, SB (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Component Technol Directorate, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM syed.qadri@nrl.navy.mil RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008 OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168 NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 29 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 28 PY 2015 VL 117 IS 4 AR UNSP 044306 DI 10.1063/1.4906974 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CA6DF UT WOS:000348998200033 ER PT J AU van Horn, M Smith, P Mason, BP Hemmer, JR de Alaniz, JR Hooper, JP Osswald, S AF van Horn, M. Smith, P. Mason, B. P. Hemmer, J. R. de Alaniz, J. Read Hooper, J. P. Osswald, S. TI Optical characterization and confocal fluorescence imaging of mechanochromic acrylate polymers SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POLYMERIZATION; SPIROPYRAN; ACTIVATION AB The development of mechanochromic molecules has opened new pathways for the study of localized stress and failure in polymers. Their application as stress or temperature diagnostics, however, requires suitable measurement techniques capable of detecting the force-and temperature-sensitive chemical species with high spatial resolution. Confocal imaging techniques offer excellent spatial resolution but the energy input during these measurements can itself affect the activation state of the mechanochromic species. Here, we present a systematic study of the effects of laser-based imaging on the activation and fluorescence behavior of mechanochromic spiropyran (SP) integrated into poly( methyl acrylate) (PMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) matrices using a confocal Raman microspectrometer. Localized stress and temperature activation were studied by means of high-rate compressive loading and dynamic fracture. Laser illumination of SP in PMA revealed a strong excitation wavelength-and power-dependence. Suitable correction functions were established and used to account for the observed laser effects. The presented study demonstrates that confocal imaging using conventional Raman spectrometers is a powerful characterization tool for localized stress analysis in mechanochromic polymers, offering quantifiable information on the activation state with high spatial resolution. However, laser-mechanophore interactions must be well understood and effects of laser excitation and exposure times must be taken into consideration when interpreting the obtained results. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [van Horn, M.; Smith, P.; Hooper, J. P.; Osswald, S.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Mason, B. P.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Res Dept, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. [Hemmer, J. R.; de Alaniz, J. Read] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Osswald, S (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, 701 West Stadium Ave, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM sosswald@purdue.edu OI Read de Alaniz, Javier/0000-0003-2770-9477 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA139181] FX This work was funded by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency Basic Sciences program under Grant No. HDTRA139181 and managed by Su Peiris. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 35 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 28 PY 2015 VL 117 IS 4 AR 043103 DI 10.1063/1.4906326 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA CA6DF UT WOS:000348998200003 ER PT J AU Peck, M Caturegli, I Schlessman, JL Robinson, A Garcia-Moreno, BE AF Peck, Meredith Caturegli, Ilaria Schlessman, Jamie L. Robinson, Aaron Garcia-Moreno, Bertrand E. TI Determinants of Domain Swapping in Staphylococcal Nuclease SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Peck, Meredith; Caturegli, Ilaria; Garcia-Moreno, Bertrand E.] Johns Hopkins, Biophys, Baltimore, MD USA. [Schlessman, Jamie L.] US Naval Acad, Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN 27 PY 2015 VL 108 IS 2 SU 1 MA 234-Pos BP 47A EP 47A PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA CO9DB UT WOS:000359471700235 ER PT J AU Caro, JA Dellarole, M Fossat, M Schlessman, JL Roumestand, C Royer, CA Garcia-Moreno, BE AF Caro, Jose A. Dellarole, Mariano Fossat, Martin Schlessman, Jamie L. Roumestand, Christian Royer, Catherine A. Garcia-Moreno, Bertrand E. TI Internal Cavities and their Role as Determinants of Pressure Unfolding of Proteins SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Caro, Jose A.; Garcia-Moreno, Bertrand E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Dellarole, Mariano; Fossat, Martin; Roumestand, Christian] CNRS, Ctr Biochim Struct, Montpellier, France. [Schlessman, Jamie L.] US Naval Acad, Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Royer, Catherine A.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Biol Sci, Troy, NY USA. RI Royer, Catherine/E-5266-2016 OI Royer, Catherine/0000-0002-2670-3391 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN 27 PY 2015 VL 108 IS 2 SU 1 MA 240-Pos BP 48A EP 49A PG 2 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA CO9DB UT WOS:000359471700241 ER PT J AU Kim, Y Mittal, J AF Kim, Youngchan Mittal, Jeetain TI Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Multi-Protein Binding in Crowded Environments SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kim, Youngchan] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mittal, Jeetain] Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN 27 PY 2015 VL 108 IS 2 SU 1 MA 573-Pos BP 114A EP 115A PG 2 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA CO9DB UT WOS:000359471700574 ER PT J AU Bell-Upp, P Sorenson, J Schlessman, JL Garcia-Moreno, BE AF Bell-Upp, Peregrine Sorenson, Jaime Schlessman, Jamie L. Garcia-Moreno, Bertrand E. TI Engineering of Artificial pH Switch Proteins using Internal Ionizable Residues with Anomalous PKA Values SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY FEB 07-11, 2015 CL Baltimore, MD SP Biophys Soc C1 [Bell-Upp, Peregrine; Sorenson, Jaime; Garcia-Moreno, Bertrand E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Biophys, Baltimore, MD USA. [Schlessman, Jamie L.] US Naval Acad, Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN 27 PY 2015 VL 108 IS 2 SU 1 MA 1651-Pos BP 329A EP 329A PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA CT5KU UT WOS:000362849400066 ER PT J AU Rice, SL Preimesberger, MR Schlessman, JL Boucher, LE Bosch, J Lecomte, JTJ AF Rice, Selena L. Preimesberger, Matt R. Schlessman, Jamie L. Boucher, Lauren E. Bosch, Jurgen Lecomte, Juliette T. J. TI The Unusual Heme Coordination of THB1, a Hemoglobin from Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY FEB 07-11, 2015 CL Baltimore, MD SP Biophys Soc C1 [Rice, Selena L.; Preimesberger, Matt R.; Lecomte, Juliette T. J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Schlessman, Jamie L.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD USA. [Boucher, Lauren E.; Bosch, Jurgen] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN 27 PY 2015 VL 108 IS 2 SU 1 MA 2578-Pos BP 511A EP 511A PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA CT5KV UT WOS:000362849600186 ER PT J AU Robinson, A Theodoru, A Schlessman, J Garcia-Moreno, BE AF Robinson, Aaron Theodoru, Andrea Schlessman, Jamie Garcia-Moreno, Bertrand E. TI Interactions between Pairs of Charges Buried in the Hydrophobic Interior of a Protein are Unexpectedly Weak SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY FEB 07-11, 2015 CL Baltimore, MD SP Biophys Soc C1 [Robinson, Aaron; Theodoru, Andrea; Garcia-Moreno, Bertrand E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Biophys, Baltimore, MD USA. [Schlessman, Jamie] US Naval Acad, Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN 27 PY 2015 VL 108 IS 2 SU 1 MA 2611-Pos BP 517A EP 517A PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA CT5KV UT WOS:000362849600219 ER PT J AU Yates, EA Legleiter, J AF Yates, Elizabeth A. Legleiter, Justin TI Preparation Protocols of Beta-Amyloid (1-40) Promote the Formation of Polymorphic Aggregates and Altered Interactions with Lipid Bilayers SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY FEB 07-11, 2015 CL Baltimore, MD SP Biophys Soc C1 [Yates, Elizabeth A.] US Naval Acad, Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Yates, Elizabeth A.; Legleiter, Justin] W Virginia Univ, Chem, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN 27 PY 2015 VL 108 IS 2 SU 1 MA 2654-Pos BP 524A EP 524A PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA CT5KV UT WOS:000362849600262 ER PT J AU Garcia-Moreno, B Ortega, G Peck, MT Robinson, A Schlessman, JL AF Garcia-Moreno, Bertrand Ortega, Gabrieal Peck, Meredith T. Robinson, Aaron Schlessman, Jamie L. TI Backbone Flexibility as a Determinant of PKA Values of Buried Ionizable Groups in Proteins SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY FEB 07-11, 2015 CL Baltimore, MD SP Biophys Soc C1 [Garcia-Moreno, Bertrand; Peck, Meredith T.; Robinson, Aaron] Johns Hopkins Univ, Biophys, Baltimore, MD USA. [Ortega, Gabrieal] CICbioGUNE, Struct Biol Unit, Derio, Spain. [Schlessman, Jamie L.] US Naval Acad, Chem, Annapolis, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN 27 PY 2015 VL 108 IS 2 SU 1 MA 2683-Pos BP 530A EP 530A PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA CT5KV UT WOS:000362849600291 ER PT J AU Sorenson, JL Mercedes, R Schlessman, JL Garcia-Moreno, B AF Sorenson, Jaime L. Mercedes, Raidizon Schlessman, Jamie L. Garcia-Moreno, Bertrand TI PKA Values of Buried Groups in Proteins are Sensitive to the Global Thermodynamic Stability SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 59th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY FEB 07-11, 2015 CL Baltimore, MD SP Biophys Soc C1 [Sorenson, Jaime L.; Mercedes, Raidizon; Garcia-Moreno, Bertrand] Johns Hopkins Univ, Biophys, Baltimore, MD USA. [Schlessman, Jamie L.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN 27 PY 2015 VL 108 IS 2 SU 1 MA 2685-Pos BP 530A EP 531A PG 2 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA CT5KV UT WOS:000362849600293 ER PT J AU Schwartz, IB Billings, L Carr, TW Dykman, MI AF Schwartz, Ira B. Billings, Lora Carr, Thomas W. Dykman, M. I. TI Noise-induced switching and extinction in systems with delay SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID BROWNIAN-MOTION; CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; EPIDEMIC MODEL; DYNAMICS; ESCAPE; DRIVEN; APPROXIMATION; FLUCTUATIONS; STABILITY; THEOREM AB We consider the rates of noise-induced switching between the stable states of dissipative dynamical systems with delay and also the rates of noise-induced extinction, where such systems model population dynamics. We study a class of systems where the evolution depends on the dynamical variables at a preceding time with a fixed time delay, which we call hard delay. For weak noise, the rates of interattractor switching and extinction are exponentially small. Finding these rates to logarithmic accuracy is reduced to variational problems. The solutions of the variational problems give the most probable paths followed in switching or extinction. We show that the equations for the most probable paths are acausal and formulate the appropriate boundary conditions. Explicit results are obtained for small delay compared to the relaxation rate. We also develop a direct variational method to find the rates. We find that the analytical results agree well with the numerical simulations for both switching and extinction rates. C1 [Schwartz, Ira B.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Nonlinear Syst Dynam Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Billings, Lora] Montclair State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA. [Carr, Thomas W.] So Methodist Univ, Dept Math, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Dykman, M. I.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Schwartz, IB (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Nonlinear Syst Dynam Sect, Code 6792, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research [N0001414WX00023]; NRL 6.1 Base program [N0001414WX20610]; National Science Foundation [CMMI-1233397, DMS-0959461]; US Army Research Office [W911NF-12-1-0235]; US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency [FA8650-13-1-7301] FX I.B.S. gratefully acknowledges support from the Office of Naval Research (N0001414WX00023) and NRL 6.1 Base program (N0001414WX20610). L.B. was supported by the National Science Foundation under CMMI-1233397 and DMS-0959461. M.I.D. is supported by US Army Research Office (W911NF-12-1-0235) and US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (FA8650-13-1-7301). Any opinion, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation, the ARO, and DARPA. NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JAN 26 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 1 AR 012139 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.91.012139 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA CA1OE UT WOS:000348681000002 PM 25679602 ER PT J AU Dev, P Reinecke, TL AF Dev, Pratibha Reinecke, Thomas L. TI Stabilizing graphene-based organometallic sandwich structures through defect engineering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; DOPED GRAPHENE; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; GRAPHITE AB In this theoretical work, we propose a chemical route to creating stable benzene-transition metal-graphene sandwich structures. The binding energy of the transition metal to graphene is enhanced through adsorption at appropriate defects, immobilizing the metal onto the graphene web. Capping the metal with a benzene ring further stabilizes the structure. The stability and the magnetic properties of these composite structures vary for different defects such as vacancies and nitrogen substitutionals in graphene. The proposed complexes have high cohesive energies and are either metallic or are small-band-gap semiconductors. Several of the proposed structures also have large spin polarization energies that make them suitable for use as nanomagnets in ambient conditions. This work also sheds light on the experimental results in the field where the sandwich structures may have been successfully created. We show that defect engineering is a viable option for creating designer, graphene-based structures that may play an important role in fields as diverse as spintronics, nanoelectronics, hydrogen storage, and catalysis. C1 [Dev, Pratibha; Reinecke, Thomas L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dev, P (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 6877, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU U.S. Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research. Computer resources were provided by the DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program. P.D. acknowledges the NRL-NRC Research Associateship Program. We thank V.M. Bermudez (Naval Research Laboratory) and Peihong Zhang (University at Buffalo) for valuable discussions concerning this work. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 37 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 26 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 3 AR 035436 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.035436 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AZ8OU UT WOS:000348475700008 ER PT J AU D'Ammando, F Orienti, M Finke, J Raiteri, CM Hovatta, T Larsson, J Max-Moerbeck, W Perkins, J Readhead, ACS Richards, JL Beilicke, M Benbow, W Berger, K Bird, R Bugaev, V Cardenzana, JV Cerruti, M Chen, X Ciupik, L Dickinson, HJ Eisch, JD Errando, M Falcone, A Finley, JP Fleischhack, H Fortin, P Fortson, L Furniss, A Gerard, L Gillanders, GH Griffiths, ST Grube, J Gyuk, G Hakansson, N Holder, J Humensky, TB Kar, P Kertzman, M Khassen, Y Kieda, D Krennrich, F Kumar, S Lang, MJ Maier, G McCann, A Meagher, K Moriarty, P Mukherjee, R Nieto, D de Bhroithe, AO Ong, RA Otte, AN Pohl, M Popkow, A Prokoph, H Pueschel, E Quinn, J Ragan, K Reynolds, PT Richards, GT Roache, E Rousselle, J Santander, M Sembroski, GH Smith, AW Staszak, D Telezhinsky, I Tucci, JV Tyler, J Varlotta, A Vassiliev, VV Wakely, SP Weinstein, A Welsing, R Williams, DA Zitzer, B AF D'Ammando, F. Orienti, M. Finke, J. Raiteri, C. M. Hovatta, T. Larsson, J. Max-Moerbeck, W. Perkins, J. Readhead, A. C. S. Richards, J. L. Beilicke, M. Benbow, W. Berger, K. Bird, R. Bugaev, V. Cardenzana, J. V. Cerruti, M. Chen, X. Ciupik, L. Dickinson, H. J. Eisch, J. D. Errando, M. Falcone, A. Finley, J. P. Fleischhack, H. Fortin, P. Fortson, L. Furniss, A. Gerard, L. Gillanders, G. H. Griffiths, S. T. Grube, J. Gyuk, G. Hakansson, N. Holder, J. Humensky, T. B. Kar, P. Kertzman, M. Khassen, Y. Kieda, D. Krennrich, F. Kumar, S. Lang, M. J. Maier, G. McCann, A. Meagher, K. Moriarty, P. Mukherjee, R. Nieto, D. de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain Ong, R. A. Otte, A. N. Pohl, M. Popkow, A. Prokoph, H. Pueschel, E. Quinn, J. Ragan, K. Reynolds, P. T. Richards, G. T. Roache, E. Rousselle, J. Santander, M. Sembroski, G. H. Smith, A. W. Staszak, D. Telezhinsky, I. Tucci, J. V. Tyler, J. Varlotta, A. Vassiliev, V. V. Wakely, S. P. Weinstein, A. Welsing, R. Williams, D. A. Zitzer, B. CA VERITAS Collaboration TI The most powerful flaring activity from the NLSyl PMN J0948+0022 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active-galaxies: individual: PMN J0948+0022; galaxies: nuclei; galaxies: Seyfert; gamma-rays: general ID LINE SEYFERT 1; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; QUASAR PKS 1510-089; EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT; SPECTRUM RADIO QUASARS; GALACTIC NUCLEI; X-RAY; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; RELATIVISTIC JETS AB We report on multifrequency observations performed during 2012 December-2013 August of the first narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy detected in gamma-rays, PMN J0948+0022 (z = 0.5846). A y -ray flare was observed by the Large Area Telescope on board Fermi during 2012 December-2013 January, reaching a daily peak flux in the 0.1-100 GeV energy range of (155 31) x 10 8 ph cm(-2) S-1 on 2013 January 1, corresponding to an apparent isotropic luminosity of similar to 1.5 x 1048 erg s(-1). The y -ray flaring period triggered Swift and Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) observations in addition to radio and optical monitoring by Owens Valley Radio Observatory, Monitoring Of Jets in Active galactic nuclei with VLBA Experiments, and Catalina Real-time Transient Survey. A strong flare was observed in optical, UV, and X-rays on 2012 December 30, quasi-simultaneously to the y -ray flare, reaching a record flux for this source from optical to y gamma-rays. VERITAS observations at very high energy (E > 100 GeV) during 2013 January 6-17 resulted in an upper limit of F>0.2 Trev < 4.0 x 10(-12) ph cm(-2) s(-1). We compared the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the flaring state in 2013 January with that of an intermediate state observed in 2011. The two SEDs, modelled as synchrotron emission and an external Compton scattering of seed photons from a dust torus, can be modelled by changing both the electron distribution parameters and the magnetic field. C1 [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Inaf Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Finke, J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Raiteri, C. M.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese, TO, Italy. [Hovatta, T.; Readhead, A. C. S.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Larsson, J.] KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Larsson, J.] KTH, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Max-Moerbeck, W.] Natl Radio Astron Observ NRAO, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Perkins, J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Richards, J. L.; Finley, J. P.; Sembroski, G. H.; Tucci, J. V.; Varlotta, A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Beilicke, M.; Bugaev, V.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Benbow, W.; Cerruti, M.; Fortin, P.; Roache, E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA. [Berger, K.; Holder, J.; Kumar, S.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Berger, K.; Holder, J.; Kumar, S.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Bird, R.; Khassen, Y.; Pueschel, E.; Quinn, J.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Cardenzana, J. V.; Dickinson, H. J.; Eisch, J. D.; Krennrich, F.; Weinstein, A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Chen, X.; Hakansson, N.; Pohl, M.; Telezhinsky, I.] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. [Chen, X.; Fleischhack, H.; Gerard, L.; Maier, G.; de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain; Pohl, M.; Prokoph, H.; Telezhinsky, I.; Welsing, R.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ciupik, L.; Grube, J.; Gyuk, G.] Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Errando, M.; Mukherjee, R.; Santander, M.] Columbia Univ, Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Falcone, A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Fortson, L.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Furniss, A.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Furniss, A.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Gillanders, G. H.; Lang, M. J.; Moriarty, P.] Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Galway, Ireland. [Griffiths, S. T.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Humensky, T. B.; Nieto, D.] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Kar, P.; Kieda, D.; Smith, A. W.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Kertzman, M.] Depauw Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA. [McCann, A.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Meagher, K.; Otte, A. N.; Richards, G. T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Meagher, K.; Otte, A. N.; Richards, G. T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Ong, R. A.; Popkow, A.; Rousselle, J.; Vassiliev, V. V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Ragan, K.; Staszak, D.; Tyler, J.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Reynolds, P. T.] Cork Inst Technol, Dept Appl Phys & Instrumentat, Cork, Ireland. [Wakely, S. P.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Zitzer, B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP D'Ammando, F (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Viale Berti Pichat 6-2, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. EM dammando@ira.inaf.it; dammando@ira.inaf.it; dammando@ira.inaf.it; dammando@ira.inaf.it; dammando@ira.inaf.it; dammando@ira.inaf.it; dammando@ira.inaf.it RI Nieto, Daniel/J-7250-2015 OI Nieto, Daniel/0000-0003-3343-0755 FU US Department of Energy Office of Science; Smithsonian Institution; NSERC in Canada; Science Foundation Ireland [SFI 10/RFP/AST2748]; Science and Technology Facilities Council in the UK; NASA [NNX08AW31G, NNX11A043G]; NSF [AST-0808050, AST-1109911]; US National Science Foundation [AST-0909182]; Fermi Guest Investigator grants [NNX08AW56G, NNX09AU10G, NNX12AO93G] FX The VERITAS Collaboration is grateful to Trevor Weekes for his seminal contributions and leadership in the field of VHE gamma-ray astrophysics, which made this study possible. The work of the VERITAS Collaboration is supported by grants from the US Department of Energy Office of Science, the US National Science Foundation, and the Smithsonian Institution, by NSERC in Canada, by Science Foundation Ireland (SFI 10/RFP/AST2748) and by the Science and Technology Facilities Council in the UK. We acknowledge the excellent work of the technical support staff at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory and at the collaborating institutions in the construction and operation of the instrument.; We thank the Swift team for making these observations possible, the duty scientists, and science planners. The OVRO 40 m monitoring programme is supported in part by NASA grants NNX08AW31G and NNX11A043G, and NSF grants AST-0808050 and AST-1109911. The CRTS survey is supported by the US National Science Foundation under grants AST-0909182. This research has made use of data from the MOJAVE data base that is maintained by the MOJAVE team (Lister et al. 2009). Data from the Steward Observatory spectropolarimetric monitoring project were used. This programme is supported by Fermi Guest Investigator grants NNX08AW56G, NNX09AU10G, and NNX12AO93G. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. We thank F. Schinzel, S. Digel, P. Bruel, and the referee, Anthony M. Brown, for useful comments and suggestions. NR 88 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN 21 PY 2015 VL 446 IS 3 BP 2456 EP 2467 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu2251 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC3TG UT WOS:000350272300020 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Albert, A Atwood, WB Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Bissaldi, E Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bottacini, E Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caragiulo, M Caraveo, PA Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Chiaro, G Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Cuoco, A Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Angelis, A de Palma, F Dermer, CD Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Favuzzi, C Ferrara, EC Focke, WB Franckowiak, A Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Germani, S Giglietto, N Giommi, P Giordano, F Giroletti, M Godfrey, G Gomez-Vargas, GA Grenier, IA Guiriec, S Gustafsson, M Hadasch, D Hayashi, K Hays, E Hewitt, JW Ippoliti, P Jogler, T Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, WN Kamae, T Kataoka, J Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Larsson, S Latronico, L Li, J Li, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Manfreda, A Massaro, F Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nemmen, R Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Panetta, JH Perkins, JS Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Romani, RW Sanchez-Conde, M Schaal, M Schulz, A Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Spandre, G Spinelli, P Strong, AW Suson, DJ Takahashi, H Thayer, JG Thayer, JB Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Vianello, G Werner, M Winer, BL Wood, KS Wood, M Zaharijas, G Zimmer, S AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Albert, A. Atwood, W. B. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bottacini, E. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caragiulo, M. Caraveo, P. A. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Chiaro, G. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Cuoco, A. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Favuzzi, C. Ferrara, E. C. Focke, W. B. Franckowiak, A. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giommi, P. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Godfrey, G. Gomez-Vargas, G. A. Grenier, I. A. Guiriec, S. Gustafsson, M. Hadasch, D. Hayashi, K. Hays, E. Hewitt, J. W. Ippoliti, P. Jogler, T. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Kataoka, J. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Li, J. Li, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Manfreda, A. Massaro, F. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nemmen, R. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Perkins, J. S. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Romani, R. W. Sanchez-Conde, M. Schaal, M. Schulz, A. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strong, A. W. Suson, D. J. Takahashi, H. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Vianello, G. Werner, M. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Wood, M. Zaharijas, G. Zimmer, S. TI THE SPECTRUM OF ISOTROPIC DIFFUSE GAMMA-RAY EMISSION BETWEEN 100 MeV AND 820 GeV SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE diffuse radiation; gamma rays: diffuse background ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; FERMI-LAT; X-RAY; BACKGROUND-RADIATION; DARK-MATTER; EGRET DATA; MILKY-WAY; CATALOG AB The gamma-ray sky can be decomposed into individually detected sources, diffuse emission attributed to the interactions of Galactic cosmic rays with gas and radiation fields, and a residual all-sky emission component commonly called the isotropic diffuse gamma-ray background (IGRB). The IGRB comprises all extragalactic emissions too faint or too diffuse to be resolved in a given survey, as well as any residual Galactic foregrounds that are approximately isotropic. The first IGRB measurement with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi) used 10 months of sky-survey data and considered an energy range between 200 MeV and 100 GeV. Improvements in event selection and characterization of cosmic-ray backgrounds, better understanding of the diffuse Galactic emission (DGE), and a longer data accumulation of 50 months allow for a refinement and extension of the IGRB measurement with the LAT, now covering the energy range from 100 MeV to 820 GeV. The IGRB spectrum shows a significant high-energy cutoff feature and can be well described over nearly four decades in energy by a power law with exponential cutoff having a spectral index of 2.32 +/- 0.02 and a break energy of (279 +/- 52) GeV using our baseline DGE model. The total intensity attributed to the IGRB is (7.2 +/- 0.6) x 10(-6) cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1) above 100 MeV, with an additional +15%/-30% systematic uncertainty due to the Galactic diffuse foregrounds. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Buehler, R.; Mayer, M.; Schulz, A.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Albert, A.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Franckowiak, A.; Funk, S.; Godfrey, G.; Jogler, T.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Sanchez-Conde, M.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Tibaldo, L.; Vianello, G.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Albert, A.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Franckowiak, A.; Funk, S.; Godfrey, G.; Jogler, T.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Sanchez-Conde, M.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Tibaldo, L.; Vianello, G.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Ritz, S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Ritz, S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Kuss, M.; Manfreda, A.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Pivato, G.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.; Tinivella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Grenier, I. A.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Chiaro, G.; Rando, R.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bechtol, K.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bissaldi, E.; Zaharijas, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bissaldi, E.; Zaharijas, G.] Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Brandt, T. J.; Ferrara, E. C.; Guiriec, S.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Nemmen, R.; Perkins, J. S.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bregeon, J.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Universe & Particules Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, F-34095 Montpellier, France. [Bruel, P.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Caragiulo, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Giommi, P.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Roma, Italy. [Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Cuoco, A.; Larsson, S.; Li, L.; Zimmer, S.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.] Royal Swedish Acad Sci, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. [Cuoco, A.; Latronico, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Cuoco, A.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen Amadeo Avogadro, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.; Giroletti, M.; Ippoliti, P.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Palma, F.] Univ Telemat Pegaso, I-80132 Naples, Italy. [Dermer, C. D.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Fukazawa, Y.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gomez-Vargas, G. A.; Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Gomez-Vargas, G. A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Fis, Santiago, Chile. [Gustafsson, M.] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Serv Phys Theor, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Hadasch, D.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Werner, M.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Hadasch, D.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Werner, M.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Hayashi, K.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Hewitt, J. W.; Nemmen, R.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Hewitt, J. W.; Nemmen, R.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Hewitt, J. W.; Moiseev, A. A.; Nemmen, R.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Hewitt, J. W.; Moiseev, A. A.; Nemmen, R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knoedlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, GAHEC, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Larsson, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Li, J.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Space Sci IEEC CSIC, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Li, L.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Lott, B.; Reposeur, T.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, IN2P3, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Massaro, F.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Massaro, F.] Yale Univ, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mitthumsiri, W.] Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Murgia, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Ctr Cosmol, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Razzaque, S.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa. [Schaal, M.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Strong, A. W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Zaharijas, G.] Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, I-34151 Trieste, Italy. RP Ackermann, M (reprint author), Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. EM markus.ackermann@desy.de; bechtol@kicp.uchicago.edu RI Massaro, Francesco/L-9102-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Gomez-Vargas, German/C-7138-2015; Nemmen, Rodrigo/O-6841-2014; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016 OI Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Ajello, Marco/0000-0002-6584-1703; Massaro, Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Zaharijas, Gabrijela/0000-0001-8484-7791; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106 FU NASA [NNX09AC15G] FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT, as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States; the Commissariat a l'EnergieAtomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. GALPROP development is partially funded via NASA grant NNX09AC15G. Some of the results in this paper have been derived using the HEALPix (Gorski et al. 2005) package. NR 117 TC 121 Z9 122 U1 2 U2 25 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 20 PY 2015 VL 799 IS 1 AR 86 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/799/1/86 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AZ4SY UT WOS:000348214500084 ER PT J AU Crenshaw, DM Fischer, TC Kraemer, SB Schmitt, HR AF Crenshaw, D. Michael Fischer, Travis C. Kraemer, Steven B. Schmitt, Henrique R. TI FEEDBACK FROM MASS OUTFLOWS IN NEARBY ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI. II. OUTFLOWS IN THE NARROW-LINE REGION OF NGC 4151 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (NGC 4151); galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; galaxies: Seyfert ID DEEP CHANDRA ACIS; BLACK-HOLES; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; GEMINI NIFS; I.; ABSORBERS; EMISSION; KINEMATICS; NGC-4151; QUASARS AB We present a detailed study of active galactic nucleus feedback in the narrow-line region (NLR) of the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4151. We illustrate the data and techniques needed to determine the mass outflow rate ((M) over dot(out)) and kinetic luminosity (L-KE) of the outflowing ionized gas as a function of position in the NLR. We find that (M) over dot(out) peaks at a value of 3.0 M-circle dot yr(-1) at a distance of 70 pc from the central supermassive black hole (SMBH), which is about 10 times the outflow rate coming from inside 13 pc, and 230 times the mass accretion rate inferred from the bolometric luminosity of NGC 4151. Thus, most of the outflow must arise from in situ acceleration of ambient gas throughout the NLR. L-KE peaks at 90 pc and drops rapidly thereafter, indicating that most of the kinetic energy is deposited within about 100 pc from the SMBH. Both values exceed the (M) over dot(out) and L-KE determined for the UV/X-ray absorber outflows in NGC 4151, indicating the importance of NLR outflows in providing feedback on scales where circumnuclear star formation and bulge growth occur. C1 [Crenshaw, D. Michael; Fischer, Travis C.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Kraemer, Steven B.] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Inst Astrophys & Computat Sci, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Schmitt, Henrique R.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Crenshaw, DM (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 25 Pk Pl,Suite 605, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM crenshaw@astro.gsu.edu; fischer@astro.gsu.edu; steven.b.kraemer@nasa.gov; schmitt.henrique@gmail.com NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 20 PY 2015 VL 799 IS 1 AR 83 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/799/1/83 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AZ4SY UT WOS:000348214500081 ER PT J AU Goodman, DS Wells, JE Kwolek, JM Blumel, R Narducci, FA Smith, WW AF Goodman, D. S. Wells, J. E. Kwolek, J. M. Bluemel, R. Narducci, F. A. Smith, W. W. TI Measurement of the low-energy Na+-Na total collision rate in an ion-neutral hybrid trap SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID PHOTOIONIZATION CROSS-SECTIONS; LINEAR PAUL TRAP; MAGNETOOPTICAL TRAP; SODIUM ATOMS; ASSOCIATIVE IONIZATION; RADIATION PRESSURE; MASS-SPECTROMETER; INJECTION; MOLECULES; CHEMISTRY AB We present measurements of the total elastic and resonant charge-exchange ion-atom collision rate coefficient kia of cold sodium (Na) with optically dark low-energy Na+ ions in a hybrid ion-neutral trap. To determine kia, we measured the trap loading and loss rates from both a Na magneto-optical trap (MOT) and a linear radio-frequency quadrupole Paul trap. We found the total rate coefficient to be 7.4 +/- 1.9 x 10(-8) cm(3)/s for the type-I Na MOT immersed within an approximate to 140-K ion cloud and 1.10 +/- 0.25 x 10(-7) cm(3)/s for the type-II Na MOT within an approximate to 1070-K ion cloud. Our measurements show excellent agreement with previously reported theoretical fully quantal ab initio calculations. In the process of determining the total rate coefficient, we demonstrate that a MOT can be used to probe an optically dark ion cloud's spatial distribution within a hybrid trap. C1 [Goodman, D. S.; Wells, J. E.; Kwolek, J. M.; Smith, W. W.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Bluemel, R.] Wesleyan Univ, Dept Phys, Middletown, CT 06459 USA. [Narducci, F. A.] Naval Air Syst Command, EO Sensors Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Goodman, DS (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. FU NSF [PHY-1307874] FX We would like to acknowledge support from the NSF under Grant No. PHY-1307874. We thank J. Lin, O. Makarov, K. Basiaga, C. Talbot, and I. Sivarajah for their preliminary work on the hybrid trap project. We would also like to thank our University of Connecticut theoretical collaborators R. Cote, H. Michels, and J. Montgomery. NR 76 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN 20 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 1 AR 012709 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.91.012709 PG 13 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA AZ6JH UT WOS:000348325700010 ER PT J AU Wu, TW Huba, JD Krall, J Fritts, DC Laughman, B AF Wu, T. -W. Huba, J. D. Krall, J. Fritts, D. C. Laughman, B. TI Seeding equatorial spread F with turbulent gravity waves: Phasing effects SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ionosphere; equatorial spread F; gravity waves ID LOW-LATITUDE IONOSPHERE; IRREGULARITIES; INSTABILITY AB The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) SAMI3/equatorial spread F (ESF) three-dimensional ionosphere model is used to study the initiation and development of the large-scale plasma bubbles in the postsunset equatorial F region by turbulent gravity waves. The gravity wave turbulence is obtained from a three-dimensional anelastic, finite-volume model. We show that the phasing of gravity waves at conjugate regions in the ionosphere can enhance (in phase) or reduce (out of phase) the effective seed of the instability. The nonlocalized nature of the effective seed may contribute to the observed day-to-day variability of ESF. Additionally, we find that the zonal and vertical wind perturbations associated with the gravity waves are most effective in seeding ESF bubbles; perturbations of the meridional wind are relatively ineffective. C1 [Wu, T. -W.; Huba, J. D.; Krall, J.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fritts, D. C.; Laughman, B.] GATS Inc, Boulder, CO USA. RP Huba, JD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM huba@nrl.navy.mil FU NRL Base Funds; NASA LWS [NNH11AR731, NNH12CC04C]; ONR [N0014-14-WX-20599, N0014-13-1-0488] FX This research has been supported by NRL Base Funds, NASA LWS grant NNH11AR731, and ONR grant N0014-14-WX-20599 (J.D.H., T.W.W., and J.K.), and NASA LWS grant NNH12CC04C and ONR grant N0014-13-1-0488 (D.F. and B.L.). NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 16 PY 2015 VL 42 IS 1 BP 15 EP 21 DI 10.1002/2014GL062348 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CA6PE UT WOS:000349036500003 ER PT J AU Roh, JH Roy, D Lee, WK Gergely, AL Puskas, JE Roland, CM AF Roh, J. H. Roy, D. Lee, W. K. Gergely, A. L. Puskas, J. E. Roland, C. M. TI Thermoplastic elastomers of alloocimene and isobutylene triblock copolymers SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE Thermoplastic elastomers; Triblock copolymers; Payne effect ID CARBOCATIONIC COPOLYMERIZATION; THERMORHEOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY; VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; POLYISOBUTYLENE; POLYMERS; CRYSTALLIZATION; MOTION; MELTS AB A novel triblock copolymer, having a center block of high molecular weight polyisobutylene (PIB) and alloocimene (allo) end-blocks, was synthesized and the mechanical properties characterized. The phase-separated morphology consists of tethered PIB, with the glassy allo domains functioning as reinforcing filler. Thus, at ambient temperature the dynamic modulus is larger than that of PIB homopolymer by about 40%, and there is pronounced reinforcement from the glassy domains. The triblock polymer exhibits thermoplastic elastomer behavior, consistent with the structure. For temperatures above the allo glass transition (71 degrees C), the material undergoes an order disorder transition, which causes substantial softening; however, this lability of the mechanical response is largely reversible. Since the repeat units of polyisobutylene cannot be crosslinked, this new material offers a route to processible, PIB based networks. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Roh, J. H.; Roy, D.; Lee, W. K.; Roland, C. M.] US Navy, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gergely, A. L.; Puskas, J. E.] Univ Akron, Dept Chem & Biomol Eng, Akron, OH 44325 USA. RP Roland, CM (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM roland@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; National Science Foundation under UCRC (Center for Tire Research) [IIP-1160982]; National Research Council postdoctoral fellowships FX The work at NRL was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The material was developed with support from the National Science Foundation under UCRC IIP-1160982 (Center for Tire Research). J.H. Roh and D. Roy acknowledge National Research Council postdoctoral fellowships. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 EI 1873-2291 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JAN 15 PY 2015 VL 56 SI SI BP 280 EP 283 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.11.015 PG 4 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA AZ9SM UT WOS:000348555500035 ER PT J AU Helmis, CG Sgouros, G Wang, Q AF Helmis, C. G. Sgouros, G. Wang, Q. TI On the vertical structure and spectral characteristics of the marine Low-Level Jet SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Conference of Meteorology, Climatology and Atmospheric Physics CY MAY 30-JUN 01, 2012 CL Athens, GREECE DE CBLAST-Low; Hilbert-Huang Transform; Inertial oscillation; Low-level jet; Meso-scale motions; Sodar ID ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; INERTIAL OSCILLATIONS; CALIFORNIA COAST; SEA-BREEZE; TURBULENCE; WIND; DYNAMICS; ESCOMPTE; ISLAND AB The aim of this work is the study of the vertical structure and the spectral characteristics of the marine Low Level Jets (LLJs) which are associated with frontal events. The analyzed data are based on remote sensing (sodar) and in-situ instrumentation measurements, performed during summer 2003, in the frame of the Coupled Boundary Layers Air-Sea Transfer Experiment in Low Winds (CBLAST-Low), at Nantucket Island, MA, U.S.A. The study of the vertical structure of the lower marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer (MABL), during a ten day period, has shown that the first 100 to 200 m, is characterized by strongly stable atmospheric conditions which are modified to slightly stable or almost neutral at higher levels. The frequent development of LLJs was also observed and was associated with frontal events, depending on the meteorological conditions. In order to understand the influence of the different physical processes and to study the vertical distribution of the wind intensity variations at the various time scales of interest, the Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) algorithm was applied to the time series of the wind data from the sodar, at different levels. Results are presented and discussed for certain LLJ cases, where the observed LLJs were persistent for several hours or days while the analysis of the wind speed data showed high amplitude variations corresponding to contributions not only from inertial but also from diurnal and meso-scale motions. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Helmis, C. G.; Sgouros, G.] Univ Athens, Fac Phys, Dept Environm Phys & Meteorol, Athens 15784, Greece. [Wang, Q.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA USA. RP Helmis, CG (reprint author), Univ Athens, Dept Environm Phys & Meteorol, Univ Campus,Bldg Phys 5, Athens 15784, Greece. EM chelmis@phys.uoa.gr; geosg@phys.uoa.gr; qwang@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); University of Athens FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) and the University of Athens. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0169-8095 EI 1873-2895 J9 ATMOS RES JI Atmos. Res. PD JAN 15 PY 2015 VL 152 SI SI BP 74 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.11.005 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AS3UJ UT WOS:000344203200008 ER PT J AU Auyeung, RCY Kim, H Mathews, S Pique, A AF Auyeung, Raymond C. Y. Kim, Heungsoo Mathews, Scott Pique, Alberto TI Laser forward transfer using structured light SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION AB A digital micromirror device (DMD) is used to spatially structure a 532 nm laser beam to print features spatially congruent to the laser spot in a laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) process known as laser decal transfer (LDT). The DMD is a binary (on/off) spatial light modulator and its resolution, half-toning and beam shaping properties are studied using LDT of silver nanopaste layers. Edge-enhanced "checkerboard" beam profiles led to a similar to 30% decrease in the laser transfer fluence threshold (compared to a reference "checkerboard" profile) for a 20-pixel bitmap pattern and its resulting 10-mu m square feature. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America C1 [Auyeung, Raymond C. Y.; Kim, Heungsoo; Mathews, Scott; Pique, Alberto] Naval Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Auyeung, RCY (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Code 6364, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM raymond.auyeung@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 25 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD JAN 12 PY 2015 VL 23 IS 1 BP 422 EP 430 DI 10.1364/OE.23.000422 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA CA8IT UT WOS:000349162900040 PM 25835687 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, L Adkins, JK Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alekseev, I Alford, J Anson, CD Aparin, A Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, EC Averichev, GS Banerjee, A Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhattarai, P Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Borowski, W Bouchet, J Brandin, AV Brovko, SG Bultmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Butterworth, J Caines, H Sanchez, MCDLB Campbell, JM Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chaloupka, P Chang, Z Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, L Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Chwastowski, J Codrington, MJM Contin, G Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Cui, X Das, S Leyva, AD De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD di Ruzza, B Didenko, L Dilks, C Ding, F Djawotho, P Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Engelage, J Engle, KS Eppley, G Eun, L Evdokimov, O Eyser, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Fedorisin, J Filip, P Fisyak, Y Flores, CE Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Garand, D Geurts, F Gibson, A Girard, M Gliske, S Greiner, L Grosnick, D Gunarathne, DS Guo, Y Gupta, A Gupta, S Guryn, W Haag, B Hamed, A Han, LX Haque, R Harris, JW Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Horvat, S Huang, B Huang, HZ Huang, X Huck, P Humanic, TJ Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jang, H Judd, EG Kabana, S Kalinkin, D Kang, K Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kesich, A Khan, ZH Kikola, DP Kisel, I Kisiel, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Koralt, I Kosarzewski, LK Kotchenda, L Kraishan, AF Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kulakov, I Kumar, L Kycia, RA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Landry, KD Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Li, C Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, ZM Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Lomnitz, M Longacre, RS Luo, X Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D McShane, TS Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, DA Mustafa, MK Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Nigmatkulov, G Nogach, LV Noh, SY Novak, J Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Ohlson, A Okorokov, V Oldag, EW Olvitt, DL Page, BS Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Pile, P Planinic, M Pluta, J Poljak, N Poniatowska, K Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Pruthi, NK Przybycien, M Putschke, J Qiu, H Quintero, A Ramachandran, S Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Riley, CK Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ross, JF Roy, A Ruan, L Rusnak, J Rusnakova, O Sahoo, NR Sahu, PK Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, WB Schmitz, N Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shanmuganathan, PV Shao, M Sharma, B Shen, WQ Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Simko, M Skoby, MJ Smirnov, D Smirnov, N Solanki, D Sorensen, P Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Sumbera, M Sun, X Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Svirida, DN Symons, TJM Szelezniak, MA Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarnowsky, T Thomas, JH Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Turnau, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vandenbroucke, M Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Vertesi, R Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Vossen, A Wada, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, XL Wang, Y Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, YF Xiao, Z Xie, W Xin, K Xu, H Xu, J Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, Y Xu, Z Yan, W Yang, C Yang, Y Yang, Y Ye, Z Yepes, P Yi, L Yip, K Yoo, IK Yu, N Zbroszczyk, H Zha, W Zhang, JB Zhang, JL Zhang, S Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneeva, Y Zyzak, M AF Adamczyk, L. Adkins, J. K. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Anson, C. D. Aparin, A. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. C. Averichev, G. S. Banerjee, A. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bhattarai, P. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Borowski, W. Bouchet, J. Brandin, A. V. Brovko, S. G. Bueltmann, S. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Butterworth, J. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Campbell, J. M. Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chaloupka, P. Chang, Z. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, L. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Christie, W. Chwastowski, J. Codrington, M. J. M. Contin, G. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Cui, X. Das, S. Leyva, A. Davila De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. Derradi de Souza, R. di Ruzza, B. Didenko, L. Dilks, C. Ding, F. Djawotho, P. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Engelage, J. Engle, K. S. Eppley, G. Eun, L. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Fedorisin, J. Filip, P. Fisyak, Y. Flores, C. E. Gagliardi, C. A. Gangadharan, D. R. Garand, D. Geurts, F. Gibson, A. Girard, M. Gliske, S. Greiner, L. Grosnick, D. Gunarathne, D. S. Guo, Y. Gupta, A. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hamed, A. Han, L. -X. Haque, R. Harris, J. W. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Horvat, S. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Huang, X. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jang, H. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kalinkin, D. Kang, K. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kesich, A. Khan, Z. H. Kikola, D. P. Kisel, I. Kisiel, A. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Koralt, I. Kosarzewski, L. K. Kotchenda, L. Kraishan, A. F. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kulakov, I. Kumar, L. Kycia, R. A. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. Landry, K. D. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Li, C. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. M. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Lomnitz, M. Longacre, R. S. Luo, X. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, D. A. Mustafa, M. K. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Nigmatkulov, G. Nogach, L. V. Noh, S. Y. Novak, J. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Ohlson, A. Okorokov, V. Oldag, E. W. Olvitt, D. L., Jr. Page, B. S. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Poljak, N. Poniatowska, K. Porter, J. Poskanzer, A. M. Pruthi, N. K. Przybycien, M. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Quintero, A. Ramachandran, S. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Riley, C. K. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ross, J. F. Roy, A. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Rusnakova, O. Sahoo, N. R. Sahu, P. K. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sangaline, E. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, W. B. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shanmuganathan, P. V. Shao, M. Sharma, B. Shen, W. Q. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Simko, M. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, D. Smirnov, N. Solanki, D. Sorensen, P. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Symons, T. J. M. Szelezniak, M. A. Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarnowsky, T. Thomas, J. H. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Trzeciak, B. A. Tsai, O. D. Turnau, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vandenbroucke, M. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Vertesi, R. Videbaek, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Vossen, A. Wada, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. F. Xiao, Z. Xie, W. Xin, K. Xu, H. Xu, J. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Yan, W. Yang, C. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Ye, Z. Yepes, P. Yi, L. Yip, K. Yoo, I. -K. Yu, N. Zbroszczyk, H. Zha, W. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, J. L. Zhang, S. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zyzak, M. CA STAR Collaboration TI Lambda Lambda Correlation Function in Au plus Au Collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; HYPERNUCLEI; FEMTOSCOPY; PARTICLES; DIHYPERON; DIBARYON; SEARCH; STARS AB We present Lambda Lambda correlation measurements in heavy-ion collisions for Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV using the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. The Lednicky-Lyuboshitz analytical model has been used to fit the data to obtain a source size, a scattering length and an effective range. Implications of the measurement of the Lambda Lambda correlation function and interaction parameters for dihyperon searches are discussed. C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Przybycien, M.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Gliske, S.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Nelson, J. M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Burton, T. P.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Eyser, O.; Fazio, S.; Fisyak, Y.; Guryn, W.; Huang, B.; Ke, H. W.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Ogawa, A.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Schmidke, W. B.; Smirnov, D.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Wang, H.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Brovko, S. G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Ding, F.; Draper, J. E.; Flores, C. E.; Haag, B.; Kesich, A.; Romero, J. L.; Sangaline, E.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dunkelberger, L. E.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Landry, K. D.; Pan, Y. X.; Shah, N.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Zhao, F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Derradi de Souza, R.; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, L.; Huck, P.; Li, Z. M.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Pei, H.; Wu, Y. F.; Xu, J.; Yang, Y.; Yu, N.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhao, J.] Cent China Normal Univ HZNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Evdokimov, O.; Hofman, D. J.; Kauder, K.; Khan, Z. H.; Pandit, Y.; Wang, Y.; Ye, Z.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Chwastowski, J.; Kycia, R. A.] Cracow Univ Technol, PL-30084 Krakow, Poland. [Cherney, M.; De Silva, L. C.; McShane, T. S.; Ross, J. F.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Rusnakova, O.; Simko, M.; Trzeciak, B. A.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Rusnak, J.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.; Vertesi, R.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Rez 25068, Czech Republic. [Kisel, I.; Kollegger, T.; Kulakov, I.; Stock, R.; Zyzak, M.] Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies FIAS, Frankfurt, Germany. [Cui, X.; Das, S.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Sahu, P. K.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Skoby, M. J.; Vossen, A.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Kalinkin, D.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Agakishiev, G.; Aparin, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Alford, J.; Bouchet, J.; Keane, D.; Lomnitz, M.; Margetis, S.; Quintero, A.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Adkins, J. K.; Fatemi, R.; Ramachandran, S.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Jang, H.; Noh, S. Y.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Taejon, South Korea. [Du, C. M.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Yang, Y.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Contin, G.; Dong, X.; Eun, L.; Greiner, L.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Mustafa, M. K.; Odyniec, G.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Qiu, H.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Schmah, A. M.; Shi, S. S.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Szelezniak, M. A.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Stevens, J. R.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Novak, J.; Tarnowsky, T.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Okorokov, V.; Strikhanov, M.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Haque, R.; Kumar, L.; Mohanty, B.; Nasim, Md.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Anson, C. D.; Campbell, J. M.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bueltmann, S.; Koralt, I.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Pawlik, B.; Turnau, J.] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, Krakow, Poland. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Pruthi, N. K.; Sharma, B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Cendejas, R.; Dilks, C.; Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Garand, D.; Hirsch, A.; Konzer, J.; Li, X.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Wang, F.; Xie, W.; Yi, L.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Solanki, D.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Butterworth, J.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Llope, W. J.; Roberts, J. B.; Xin, K.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Chen, H. F.; Guo, Y.; Li, C.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Yang, C.; Zha, W.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Xu, Q. H.; Zhang, J. L.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Chen, J. H.; Han, L. -X.; Li, W.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shen, W. Q.; Shou, Q. Y.; Zhang, S.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, Y. H.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Borowski, W.; Kabana, S.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Gunarathne, D. S.; Kraishan, A. F.; Li, X.; Olvitt, D. L., Jr.; Surrow, B.; Vandenbroucke, M.] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Cervantes, M. C.; Chang, Z.; Djawotho, P.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mondal, M. M.; Sahoo, N. R.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bhattarai, P.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Leyva, A. Davila; Hoffmann, G. W.; Markert, C.; Oldag, E. W.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; McDonald, D.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Huang, X.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z.; Yan, W.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Engle, K. S.; Witt, R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Drachenberg, J. L.; Gibson, A.; Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Banerjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Nayak, T. K.; Roy, A.; Tribedy, P.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Girard, M.; Kikola, D. P.; Kisiel, A.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Pawlak, T.; Pluta, J.; Poniatowska, K.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Putschke, J.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Caines, H.; Chikanian, A.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Ohlson, A.; Riley, C. K.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Adamczyk, L (reprint author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. RI Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Gunarathne, Devika/C-4903-2017; XIAO, Zhigang/C-3788-2015; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Kumar, Lokesh/A-6154-2010; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Rusnak, Jan/G-8462-2014; Xin, Kefeng/O-9195-2016; Yi, Li/Q-1705-2016; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Kycia, Radoslaw/J-4397-2015; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012 OI Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Gunarathne, Devika/0000-0002-7155-7418; Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Kumar, Lokesh/0000-0002-2746-9840; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Xin, Kefeng/0000-0003-4853-9219; Yi, Li/0000-0002-7512-2657; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Kycia, Radoslaw/0000-0002-6390-4627; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779 FU RHIC Operations Group; RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; KISTI Center in Korea; Open Science Grid consortium; Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; CNRS/IN2P3; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; Korean Research Foundation; GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic; FIAS of Germany; DAE; DST; CSIR of India; National Science Centre of Poland; National Research Foundation [NRF-2012004024]; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia FX We thank S. Pratt, A. Ohnishi, K. Morita, and T. Furumoto for helpful discussions. We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, the KISTI Center in Korea, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, CNRS/IN2P3, FAPESP CNPq of Brazil, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, the Korean Research Foundation, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FIAS of Germany, DAE, DST, and CSIR of India, the National Science Centre of Poland, National Research Foundation (NRF-2012004024), the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 40 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 53 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 12 PY 2015 VL 114 IS 2 AR 022301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.022301 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CA2JU UT WOS:000348735500002 PM 25635541 ER PT J AU Hu, ZQ Nan, TX Wang, XJ Staruch, M Gao, Y Finkel, P Sun, NX AF Hu, Zhongqiang Nan, Tianxiang Wang, Xinjun Staruch, Margo Gao, Yuan Finkel, Peter Sun, Nian X. TI Voltage control of magnetism in FeGaB/PIN-PMN-PT multiferroic heterostructures for high-power and high-temperature applications SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FIELD AB We report strong voltage tuning of magnetism in FeGaB deposited on [011]-poled Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O-3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3-PbTiO3 (PIN-PMN-PT) ternary single crystals to achieve more than 2 times broader operational range and increased thermal stability as compared to heterostructures based on binary relaxors. Voltage-induced effective ferromagnetic resonance field shift of 180 Oe for electric field from -6.7 kV/cm to 11 kV/cm was observed in FeGaB/PIN-PMN-PT heterostructures. This strong magnetoelectric coupling combined with excellent electric and temperature stability makes FeGaB/PIN-PMN-PT heterostructures potential candidates for high-power tunable radio frequency/microwave magnetic device applications. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Hu, Zhongqiang; Nan, Tianxiang; Wang, Xinjun; Gao, Yuan; Sun, Nian X.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Staruch, Margo; Finkel, Peter] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Sun, NX (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM n.sun@neu.edu RI Staruch, Margo/M-9260-2015; Nan, Tianxiang/O-3820-2015; Nan, Tianxiang/A-8020-2016; Gao, Yuan/E-4277-2016; Hu, Zhongqiang/I-2528-2012; Sun, Nian Xiang/F-9590-2010 OI Staruch, Margo/0000-0003-3088-2553; Gao, Yuan/0000-0002-2444-1180; Hu, Zhongqiang/0000-0002-7534-0427; Sun, Nian Xiang/0000-0002-3120-0094 FU AFRL [FA8650-14-C-5705]; Winchester Technologies, LLC; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [51328203]; Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program; National Research Council under the Research Associateship Program FX The work was supported by AFRL through FA8650-14-C-5705, Winchester Technologies, LLC, and National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) 51328203. Funding for author P.F. was provided by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program. M.S. was supported in part by the National Research Council under the Research Associateship Program. NR 30 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 67 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 12 PY 2015 VL 106 IS 2 AR 022901 DI 10.1063/1.4905855 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AZ2HJ UT WOS:000348054700062 ER PT J AU Lupke, F Manni, S Erwin, SC Mazin, II Gegenwart, P Wenderoth, M AF Luepke, F. Manni, S. Erwin, S. C. Mazin, I. I. Gegenwart, P. Wenderoth, M. TI Highly unconventional surface reconstruction of Na2IrO3 with persistent energy gap SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TUNNELING SPECTROSCOPY AB Na2IrO3 is an intriguing material for which spin-orbit coupling plays a key role. Theoretical predictions have been made that the surface of Na2IrO3 should exhibit a clear signature of the quantum spin Hall effect. We studied the surface of Na2IrO3 using scanning tunneling microscopy and density-functional theory calculations. We observed atomic level resolution of the surface and two types of terminations with different surface periodicity and Na content. By comparing bias-dependent experimental topographic images to simulated images, we determined the detailed atomistic structure of both observed surfaces. One of these reveals a strong relaxation to the surface of Na atoms from the subsurface region two atomic layers below. Such dramatic structural changes well below the surface are highly unusual and cast doubt on any prediction of surface properties based on bulk electronic structure. Indeed, using spatially resolved tunneling spectroscopy, we found no indication of the predicted quantum spin Hall behavior. C1 [Luepke, F.; Wenderoth, M.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 4, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Luepke, F.] Forschungszentrum Julich, PGI 3, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Manni, S.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Manni, S.; Gegenwart, P.] Univ Augsburg, Ctr Elect Correlat & Magnetism, D-86159 Augsburg, Germany. [Erwin, S. C.; Mazin, I. I.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wenderoth, M (reprint author), Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 4, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. EM mwender@gwdg.de RI Manni, Soham/G-1455-2016; Wenderoth, Martin/Q-3966-2016; Gegenwart, Philipp/A-7291-2017 OI Manni, Soham/0000-0001-6279-3497; FU DFG [1666]; Helmholtz Virtual Institute [521]; U.S. Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program FX This work was supported by the DFG priority program 1666 and the Helmholtz Virtual Institute 521, and in part by the U.S. Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 21 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 12 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 4 AR 041405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.041405 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA CA2UB UT WOS:000348762200004 ER PT J AU Fukazawa, Y Finke, J Stawarz, L Tanaka, Y Itoh, R Tokuda, S AF Fukazawa, Yasushi Finke, Justin Stawarz, Lukasz Tanaka, Yasuyuki Itoh, Ryosuke Tokuda, Shin'ya TI SUZAKU OBSERVATIONS OF gamma-RAY BRIGHT RADIO GALAXIES: ORIGIN OF THE X-RAY EMISSION AND BROADBAND MODELING SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: jets; gamma rays: galaxies; X-rays: galaxies ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BL-LACERTAE OBJECTS; XMM-NEWTON VIEW; DISK-JET CONNECTION; BLACK-HOLE MASSES; NGC 1275; FR-I; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; BEPPOSAX OBSERVATIONS AB We performed a systematic X-ray study of eight nearby gamma-ray bright radio galaxies with Suzaku in order to understand the origins of their X-ray emissions. The Suzaku spectra for five of those have been presented previously, while the remaining three (M87, PKS 0625-354, and 3C 78) are presented here for the first time. Based on the Fe-K line strength, X-ray variability, and X-ray power-law photon indices, and using additional information on the [O (III)] line emission, we argue for a jet origin of the observed X-ray emission in these three sources. We also analyzed five years of Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) GeV gamma-ray data on PKS 0625-354 and 3C 78 to understand these sources within the blazar paradigm. We found significant gamma-ray variability in the former object. Overall, we note that the Suzaku spectra for both PKS 0625-354 and 3C 78 are rather soft, while the LAT spectra are unusually hard when compared with other gamma-ray detected low-power (FR I) radio galaxies. We demonstrate that the constructed broadband spectral energy distributions of PKS 0625-354 and 3C 78 are well described by a one-zone synchrotron/synchrotron self-Compton model. The results of the modeling indicate lower bulk Lorentz factors compared to those typically found in other BL Lacertae (BL Lac) objects, but consistent with the values inferred from modeling other LAT-detected FR I radio galaxies. Interestingly, the modeling also implies very high peak (similar to 10(16) Hz) synchrotron frequencies in the two analyzed sources, contrary to previously suggested scenarios for Fanaroff-Riley (FR) type I/BL Lac unification. We discuss the implications of our findings in the context of the FR I/BL Lac unification schemes. C1 [Fukazawa, Yasushi; Itoh, Ryosuke; Tokuda, Shin'ya] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Fukazawa, Yasushi; Tanaka, Yasuyuki] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Finke, Justin] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stawarz, Lukasz] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Stawarz, Lukasz] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. RP Fukazawa, Y (reprint author), Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. EM fukazawa@hep01.hepl.hiroshima-u.ac.jp RI XRAY, SUZAKU/A-1808-2009 FU JSPS KAKENHI [2400000401, 2424401400]; Polish NSC [DEC-2012/04/A/ST9/00083]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France FX The authors thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments that helped to improve the paper, and the Suzaku and Fermi teams for the operation, calibration, and data processing. Y.F. was supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant Nos. 2400000401 and 2424401400. L.S. was supported by Polish NSC grant DEC-2012/04/A/ST9/00083.; The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States; the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden.; Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France.; This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 87 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2015 VL 798 IS 2 AR 74 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/798/2/74 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CD1SD UT WOS:000350853700009 ER PT J AU Ruane, GJ Watnik, AT Swartzlander, GA AF Ruane, Garreth J. Watnik, Abbie T. Swartzlander, Grover A., Jr. TI Reducing the risk of laser damage in a focal plane array using linear pupil-plane phase elements SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID IMAGE-QUALITY EQUATION; LABORATORY DEMONSTRATION; SIMPLEX-METHOD; VORTEX; WAVE; DECONVOLUTION; DIFFRACTION; CORONAGRAPH; MECHANISMS; CHARGE AB A compact imaging system with reduced risk of damage owing to intense laser radiation is presented. We find that a pupil phase element may reduce the peak image plane irradiance from an undesirable laser source by two orders of magnitude, thereby protecting the detector from damage. The desired scene is reconstructed in postprocessing. The general image quality equation (GIQE) [Appl. Opt. 36, 8322 (1997)] is used to estimate the interpretability of the resulting images. A localized loss of information caused by laser light is also described. This system may be advantageous over other radiation protection approaches because accurate pointing and nonlinear materials are not required. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America C1 [Ruane, Garreth J.; Swartzlander, Grover A., Jr.] Rochester Inst Technol, Chester Carlson Ctr Imaging Sci, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Watnik, Abbie T.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Watnik, AT (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Code 5662,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM code5662@nrl.navy.mil RI Ruane, Garreth/A-5997-2013; OI Ruane, Garreth/0000-0003-4769-1665; Swartzlander, Grover/0000-0003-3513-2225 FU Naval Research Enterprise Internship Program; American Society for Engineering Education; Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Naval Research Enterprise Internship Program, the American Society for Engineering Education, and the Office of Naval Research. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JAN 10 PY 2015 VL 54 IS 2 BP 210 EP 218 DI 10.1364/AO.54.000210 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA AY8UT UT WOS:000347829600009 PM 25967619 ER PT J AU Wagner, DK AF Wagner, Donald K. TI Delta-wye reduction of almost-planar graphs SO DISCRETE APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE Delta-wye; Almost-planar graphs ID FORBIDDEN MINORS; REGULAR MATROIDS; REDUCIBILITY; DECOMPOSITION AB A non-planar graph G is almost planar if, for every edge e of G, either G \ e or G / e is planar. The main result of this paper is that every almost-planar graph is delta wye reducible to K-3,K-3, and moreover, there exists a reduction sequence in which every graph is almost planar. Analogous results are shown to hold for other classes of graphs, and also for regular, almost-graphic matroids. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Off Naval Res, Math Comp & Informat Sci Div, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Wagner, DK (reprint author), Off Naval Res, Math Comp & Informat Sci Div, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. EM don.wagner@navy.mil NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-218X EI 1872-6771 J9 DISCRETE APPL MATH JI Discret Appl. Math. PD JAN 10 PY 2015 VL 180 BP 158 EP 167 DI 10.1016/j.dam.2014.07.014 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA AW8YP UT WOS:000346545500017 ER PT J AU Heyman, JN Stein, JD Kaminski, ZS Banman, AR Massari, AM Robinson, JT AF Heyman, J. N. Stein, J. D. Kaminski, Z. S. Banman, A. R. Massari, A. M. Robinson, J. T. TI Carrier heating and negative photoconductivity in graphene SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS; SPECTROSCOPY; DISTRIBUTIONS; CONDUCTIVITY; RELAXATION; FILMS; LAYER AB We investigated negative photoconductivity in graphene using ultrafast terahertz techniques. Infrared transmission was used to determine the Fermi energy, carrier density, and mobility of p-type chemical vapor deposition graphene samples. Time-resolved terahertz photoconductivity measurements using a tunable mid-infrared pump probed these samples at photon energies between 0.35 eV and 1.55 eV, approximately one-half to three times the Fermi energy of the samples. Although interband optical transitions in graphene are blocked for pump photon energies less than twice the Fermi energy, we observe negative photoconductivity at all pump photon energies investigated, indicating that interband excitation is not required to observe this effect. Our results are consistent with a thermalized free-carrier population that cools by electron-phonon scattering, but are inconsistent with models of negative photoconductivity based on population inversion. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Heyman, J. N.; Stein, J. D.; Kaminski, Z. S.; Banman, A. R.] Macalester Coll, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. [Massari, A. M.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Chem, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Robinson, J. T.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Heyman, JN (reprint author), Macalester Coll, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. OI Heyman, James/0000-0003-1236-674X FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1006065, CHE-1048560]; Base Programs through the Office of Naval Research FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the contribution of Ms. Margaret Molter and Dr. Tim Anglin in designing and building the experimental apparatus and Mr. Rhyan Foo Kune in developing the numerical simulations. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR-1006065 and by CHE-1048560. Research at NRL was supported by Base Programs funded through the Office of Naval Research. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 37 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 7 PY 2015 VL 117 IS 1 AR 015101 DI 10.1063/1.4905192 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AZ0TU UT WOS:000347958600052 ER PT J AU Daniele, MA Boyd, DA Adams, AA Ligler, FS AF Daniele, Michael A. Boyd, Darryl A. Adams, Andre A. Ligler, Frances S. TI Microfluidic Strategies for Design and Assembly of Microfibers and Nanofibers with Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Applications SO ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID THIOL-ENE; SPINNING PROCESS; ALGINATE FIBERS; HYDROGEL FIBERS; LIQUID FLOW; FABRICATION; SCAFFOLDS; CHEMISTRY; CELLS; IMMOBILIZATION AB Fiber-based materials provide critical capabilities for biomedical applications. Microfluidic fiber fabrication has recently emerged as a very promising route to the synthesis of polymeric fibers at the micro and nanoscale, providing fine control over fiber shape, size, chemical anisotropy, and biological activity. This Progress Report summarizes advanced microfluidic methods for the fabrication of both microscale and nanoscale fibers and illustrates how different methods are enabling new biomedical applications. Microfluidic fabrication methods and resultant materials are explained from the perspective of their microfluidic device principles, including co-flow, cross-flow, and flow-shaping designs. It is then detailed how the microchannel design and flow parameters influence the variety of synthesis chemistries that can be utilized. Finally, the integration of biomaterials and microfluidic strategies is discussed to manufacture unique fiber-based systems, including cell scaffolds, cell encapsulation, and woven tissue matrices. C1 [Daniele, Michael A.; Boyd, Darryl A.; Adams, Andre A.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ligler, Frances S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biomed Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27965 USA. [Ligler, Frances S.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27965 USA. RP Daniele, MA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.daniele.ctr@nrl.navy.mil RI Boyd, Darryl/F-4269-2016 OI Boyd, Darryl/0000-0001-7327-2443 FU National Research Council Postdoctoral Associateship; Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); Office of Naval Research (ONR) 6.1 work unit [MA041-06-41-4943] FX Work performed by M.A.D. and D.A.B. was supported by a National Research Council Postdoctoral Associateship. This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and the Office of Naval Research (ONR) 6.1 work unit MA041-06-41-4943. The views expressed within represent those of the authors and do not reflect the opinion or policy of the U.S. Navy or Department of Defense. NR 105 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 20 U2 127 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2192-2640 EI 2192-2659 J9 ADV HEALTHC MATER JI Adv. Healthc. Mater. PD JAN 7 PY 2015 VL 4 IS 1 DI 10.1002/adhm.201400144 PG 18 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA AY4IA UT WOS:000347540100002 PM 24853649 ER PT J AU Cavaiola, LJ Gompert, DC Libicki, M AF Cavaiola, Lawrence J. Gompert, David C. Libicki, Martin TI Cyber House Rules: On War, Retaliation and Escalation SO SURVIVAL LA English DT Article AB Cyber war is unfamiliar, dynamic and potentially uncontrollable. While not as destructive as nuclear war, it should be approached with similar respect. RP Cavaiola, LJ (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0039-6338 EI 1468-2699 J9 SURVIVAL JI Survival PD JAN 2 PY 2015 VL 57 IS 1 BP 81 EP 104 DI 10.1080/00396338.2015.1008300 PG 24 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA CA6OE UT WOS:000349033300006 ER PT J AU Basafa, E Murphy, RJ Otake, Y Kutzer, MD Belkoff, SM Mears, SC Armand, M AF Basafa, Ehsan Murphy, Ryan J. Otake, Yoshito Kutzer, Michael D. Belkoff, Stephen M. Mears, Simon C. Armand, Mehran TI Subject-specific planning of femoroplasty: An experimental verification study SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Femoroplasty; Cement augmentation; Planning; Mechanical test ID PROXIMAL FEMUR; CEMENT AUGMENTATION; HIP-FRACTURES; IMPACT; OSTEOPOROSIS; PREVENTION; RALOXIFENE; PROTECTOR; FORCE; WOMEN AB The risk of osteoporotic hip fractures may be reduced by augmenting susceptible femora with acrylic polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement. Grossly filling the proximal femur with PMMA has shown promise, but the augmented bones can suffer from thermal necrosis or cement leakage, among other side effects. We hypothesized that, using subject-specific planning and computer-assisted augmentation, we can minimize cement volume while increasing bone strength and reducing the risk of fracture. We mechanically tested eight pairs of osteoporotic femora, after augmenting one from each pair following patient-specific planning reported earlier, which optimized cement distribution and strength increase. An average of 9.5( +/- 1.7) ml of cement was injected in the augmented set. Augmentation significantly (P < 0.05) increased the yield load by 33%, maximum load by 30%, yield energy by 118%, and maximum energy by 94% relative to the non-augmented controls. Also predicted yield loads correlated well (R-2=0.74) with the experiments and, for augmented specimens, cement profiles were predicted with an average surface error of <2 mm, further validating our simulation techniques. Results of the current study suggest that subject-specific planning of femoroplasty reduces the risk of hip fracture while minimizing the amount of cement required. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Basafa, Ehsan; Murphy, Ryan J.; Armand, Mehran] Johns Hopkins Univ, Lab Computat Sensing & Robot, Baltimore, MD USA. [Murphy, Ryan J.; Armand, Mehran] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Res & Exploratory Dev Dept, Laurel, MD USA. [Otake, Yoshito] Nara Inst Sci & Technol, Grad Sch Informat Sci, Nara 6300101, Japan. [Kutzer, Michael D.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Belkoff, Stephen M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bayview Med Ctr, Int Ctr Orthopaed Adv, Baltimore, MD USA. [Mears, Simon C.] Baylor Reg Med Ctr, Total Joint Replacement Ctr, Plano, TX USA. RP Basafa, E (reprint author), 3400 N Charles St,Hackerman 128, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM basafa@jhu.edu FU National Institutes of Health, USA [R21-EB007747, R21-AR063815] FX We thank Mr. Demetries Boston and Mr. Evan Langdale of the Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center for their help regarding harvesting and preparing the specimens, acquiring CT scans, and performing the mechanical tests. This work was supported by Grant nos. R21-EB007747 and R21-AR063815 from National Institutes of Health, USA. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection, analysis of the data, writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-9290 EI 1873-2380 J9 J BIOMECH JI J. Biomech. PD JAN 2 PY 2015 VL 48 IS 1 BP 59 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.11.002 PG 6 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA AZ6NL UT WOS:000348336200009 PM 25468663 ER PT J AU Agnarsson, G Greenlaw, R Kantabutra, S AF Agnarsson, Geir Greenlaw, Raymond Kantabutra, Sanpawat TI On Cyber Attacks and the Maximum-Weight Rooted-Subtree Problem SO ACTA CYBERNETICA LA English DT Article DE cyber security; defense-in-depth; game over; information security; layered security; weighted rooted trees; complexity; polynomial time; pseudo-polynomial time ID DENSITY SUBTREE; TREES AB This paper makes three contributions to cyber-security research. First, we define a model for cyber-security systems and the concept of a cyber-security attack within the model's framework. The model highlights the importance of game-over components critical system components which if acquired will give an adversary the ability to defeat a system completely. The model is based on systems that use defense-in-depth/layered-security approaches, as many systems do. In the model we define the concept of penetration cost, which is the cost that must be paid in order to break into the next layer of security. Second, we define natural decision and optimization problems based on cyber-security attacks in terms of doubly weighted trees, and analyze their complexity. More precisely, given a tree T rooted at a vertex r, a penetrating cost edge function c on T, a target-acquisition vertex function p on T, the attacker's budget and the game-over threshold B, G E Q+ respectively, we consider the problem of determining the existence of a rooted subtree T' of T within the attacker's budget (that is, the sum of the costs of the edges in T' is less than or equal to B) with total acquisition value more than the game-over threshold (that is, the sum of the target values of the nodes in T' is greater than or equal to G). We prove that the general version of this problem is intractable, but does admit a polynomial time approximation scheme. We also analyze the complexity of three restricted versions of the problems, where the penetration cost is the constant function, integer-valued, and rational-valued among a given fixed number of distinct values. Using recursion and dynamic-programming techniques, we show that for constant penetration costs an optimal cyber-attack strategy can be found in polynomial time, and for integer-valued and rational-valued penetration costs optimal cyber-attack strategies can be found in pseudo-polynomial time. Third, we provide a list of open problems relating to the architectural design of cybersecurity systems and to the model. C1 [Agnarsson, Geir] George Mason Univ, Dept Math Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Greenlaw, Raymond] US Naval Acad, Cyber Secur Studies, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Kantabutra, Sanpawat] Chiang Mai Univ, Dept Comp Engn, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. RP Agnarsson, G (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Math Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM geir@math.gmu.edu; greenlaw@usna.edu; sanpawat@alumni.tufts.edu NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV SZEGED, FAC SCIENCE PI SZEGED PA C/O E SZABO, EXCHANGE LIBRARIAN, DUGONICS TER 13, PO BOX 393, SZEGED, 6701, HUNGARY SN 0324-721X J9 ACTA CYBERN JI Acta Cybern. PY 2015 VL 22 IS 3 BP 591 EP 612 DI 10.14232/actacyb.22.3.2016.3 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics SC Computer Science GA DW5ZC UT WOS:000383725200003 ER PT J AU Mantle, PJ AF Mantle, Peter J. BA Mantle, PJ BF Mantle, PJ TI The Goal of One Hundred Knots SO HIGH-SPEED MARINE CRAFT: ONE HUNDRED KNOTS AT SEA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Mantle, Peter J.] British Hovercraft Corp, East Cowes, England. [Mantle, Peter J.] Bell Aerosp, US Navy Surface Effect Ship SES 100B, Buffalo, NY USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] US Navy, ANVCE Project, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Off Secretary Navy SECNAV, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Lockheed Martin Corp, Seattle, WA USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-09041-5 PY 2015 BP 1 EP 26 D2 10.1017/CBO9781316106716 PG 26 WC Engineering, Marine SC Engineering GA BG0OJ UT WOS:000386433700002 ER PT J AU Mantle, PJ AF Mantle, Peter J. BA Mantle, PJ BF Mantle, PJ TI High-Speed Marine Craft ONE HUNDRED KNOTS AT SEA Preface SO HIGH-SPEED MARINE CRAFT: ONE HUNDRED KNOTS AT SEA LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Mantle, Peter J.] British Hovercraft Corp, East Cowes, England. [Mantle, Peter J.] Bell Aerosp, US Navy Surface Effect Ship SES 100B, Buffalo, NY USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] US Navy, ANVCE Project, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Off Secretary Navy SECNAV, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Lockheed Martin Corp, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-09041-5 PY 2015 BP XVII EP XX D2 10.1017/CBO9781316106716 PG 4 WC Engineering, Marine SC Engineering GA BG0OJ UT WOS:000386433700001 ER PT J AU Mantle, PJ AF Mantle, Peter J. BA Mantle, PJ BF Mantle, PJ TI History of High Speed Ship Development SO HIGH-SPEED MARINE CRAFT: ONE HUNDRED KNOTS AT SEA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Mantle, Peter J.] British Hovercraft Corp, East Cowes, England. [Mantle, Peter J.] Bell Aerosp, US Navy Surface Effect Ship SES 100B, Buffalo, NY USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] US Navy, ANVCE Project, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Off Secretary Navy SECNAV, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Lockheed Martin Corp, Seattle, WA USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-09041-5 PY 2015 BP 27 EP 63 D2 10.1017/CBO9781316106716 PG 37 WC Engineering, Marine SC Engineering GA BG0OJ UT WOS:000386433700003 ER PT J AU Mantle, PJ AF Mantle, Peter J. BA Mantle, PJ BF Mantle, PJ TI The First Surface Effect Ship SO HIGH-SPEED MARINE CRAFT: ONE HUNDRED KNOTS AT SEA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Mantle, Peter J.] British Hovercraft Corp, East Cowes, England. [Mantle, Peter J.] Bell Aerosp, US Navy Surface Effect Ship SES 100B, Buffalo, NY USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] US Navy, ANVCE Project, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Off Secretary Navy SECNAV, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Lockheed Martin Corp, Seattle, WA USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-09041-5 PY 2015 BP 64 EP 85 D2 10.1017/CBO9781316106716 PG 22 WC Engineering, Marine SC Engineering GA BG0OJ UT WOS:000386433700004 ER PT J AU Mantle, PJ AF Mantle, Peter J. BA Mantle, PJ BF Mantle, PJ TI History of US Maritime Administration "Large Surface Effect Ship" Program SO HIGH-SPEED MARINE CRAFT: ONE HUNDRED KNOTS AT SEA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Mantle, Peter J.] British Hovercraft Corp, East Cowes, England. [Mantle, Peter J.] Bell Aerosp, US Navy Surface Effect Ship SES 100B, Buffalo, NY USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] US Navy, ANVCE Project, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Off Secretary Navy SECNAV, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Lockheed Martin Corp, Seattle, WA USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-09041-5 PY 2015 BP 86 EP 120 D2 10.1017/CBO9781316106716 PG 35 WC Engineering, Marine SC Engineering GA BG0OJ UT WOS:000386433700005 ER PT J AU Mantle, PJ AF Mantle, Peter J. BA Mantle, PJ BF Mantle, PJ TI History of US Navy "Large High Speed Surface Effect Ship" Program SO HIGH-SPEED MARINE CRAFT: ONE HUNDRED KNOTS AT SEA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Mantle, Peter J.] British Hovercraft Corp, East Cowes, England. [Mantle, Peter J.] Bell Aerosp, US Navy Surface Effect Ship SES 100B, Buffalo, NY USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] US Navy, ANVCE Project, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Off Secretary Navy SECNAV, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Lockheed Martin Corp, Seattle, WA USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-09041-5 PY 2015 BP 121 EP 148 D2 10.1017/CBO9781316106716 PG 28 WC Engineering, Marine SC Engineering GA BG0OJ UT WOS:000386433700006 ER PT J AU Mantle, PJ AF Mantle, Peter J. BA Mantle, PJ BF Mantle, PJ TI SES-100A and SES 100B Test Craft and the "THREE THOUSAND TON SES" SO HIGH-SPEED MARINE CRAFT: ONE HUNDRED KNOTS AT SEA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Mantle, Peter J.] British Hovercraft Corp, East Cowes, England. [Mantle, Peter J.] Bell Aerosp, US Navy Surface Effect Ship SES 100B, Buffalo, NY USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] US Navy, ANVCE Project, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Off Secretary Navy SECNAV, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Lockheed Martin Corp, Seattle, WA USA. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-09041-5 PY 2015 BP 149 EP 227 D2 10.1017/CBO9781316106716 PG 79 WC Engineering, Marine SC Engineering GA BG0OJ UT WOS:000386433700007 ER PT J AU Mantle, PJ AF Mantle, Peter J. BA Mantle, PJ BF Mantle, PJ TI Economic Considerations SO HIGH-SPEED MARINE CRAFT: ONE HUNDRED KNOTS AT SEA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Mantle, Peter J.] British Hovercraft Corp, East Cowes, England. [Mantle, Peter J.] Bell Aerosp, US Navy Surface Effect Ship SES 100B, Buffalo, NY USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] US Navy, ANVCE Project, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Off Secretary Navy SECNAV, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Lockheed Martin Corp, Seattle, WA USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-09041-5 PY 2015 BP 228 EP 276 D2 10.1017/CBO9781316106716 PG 49 WC Engineering, Marine SC Engineering GA BG0OJ UT WOS:000386433700008 ER PT J AU Mantle, PJ AF Mantle, Peter J. BA Mantle, PJ BF Mantle, PJ TI Technical Considerations SO HIGH-SPEED MARINE CRAFT: ONE HUNDRED KNOTS AT SEA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Mantle, Peter J.] British Hovercraft Corp, East Cowes, England. [Mantle, Peter J.] Bell Aerosp, US Navy Surface Effect Ship SES 100B, Buffalo, NY USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] US Navy, ANVCE Project, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Off Secretary Navy SECNAV, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Lockheed Martin Corp, Seattle, WA USA. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-09041-5 PY 2015 BP 277 EP 389 D2 10.1017/CBO9781316106716 PG 113 WC Engineering, Marine SC Engineering GA BG0OJ UT WOS:000386433700009 ER PT J AU Mantle, PJ AF Mantle, Peter J. BA Mantle, PJ BF Mantle, PJ TI Navy Military Operations Considerations SO HIGH-SPEED MARINE CRAFT: ONE HUNDRED KNOTS AT SEA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Mantle, Peter J.] British Hovercraft Corp, East Cowes, England. [Mantle, Peter J.] Bell Aerosp, US Navy Surface Effect Ship SES 100B, Buffalo, NY USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] US Navy, ANVCE Project, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Off Secretary Navy SECNAV, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Lockheed Martin Corp, Seattle, WA USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-09041-5 PY 2015 BP 390 EP 410 D2 10.1017/CBO9781316106716 PG 21 WC Engineering, Marine SC Engineering GA BG0OJ UT WOS:000386433700010 ER PT J AU Mantle, PJ AF Mantle, Peter J. BA Mantle, PJ BF Mantle, PJ TI Advanced Naval Vehicles Concepts Evaluation (ANVCE) Project SO HIGH-SPEED MARINE CRAFT: ONE HUNDRED KNOTS AT SEA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Mantle, Peter J.] British Hovercraft Corp, East Cowes, England. [Mantle, Peter J.] Bell Aerosp, US Navy Surface Effect Ship SES 100B, Buffalo, NY USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] US Navy, ANVCE Project, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Off Secretary Navy SECNAV, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Lockheed Martin Corp, Seattle, WA USA. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-09041-5 PY 2015 BP 411 EP 500 D2 10.1017/CBO9781316106716 PG 90 WC Engineering, Marine SC Engineering GA BG0OJ UT WOS:000386433700011 ER PT J AU Mantle, PJ AF Mantle, Peter J. BA Mantle, PJ BF Mantle, PJ TI Aerodynamic Air Cushion Craft SO HIGH-SPEED MARINE CRAFT: ONE HUNDRED KNOTS AT SEA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WINGS C1 [Mantle, Peter J.] British Hovercraft Corp, East Cowes, England. [Mantle, Peter J.] Bell Aerosp, US Navy Surface Effect Ship SES 100B, Buffalo, NY USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] US Navy, ANVCE Project, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Off Secretary Navy SECNAV, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Lockheed Martin Corp, Seattle, WA USA. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-09041-5 PY 2015 BP 501 EP 586 D2 10.1017/CBO9781316106716 PG 86 WC Engineering, Marine SC Engineering GA BG0OJ UT WOS:000386433700012 ER PT J AU Mantle, PJ AF Mantle, Peter J. BA Mantle, PJ BF Mantle, PJ TI Lessons Learned and Where to Next? SO HIGH-SPEED MARINE CRAFT: ONE HUNDRED KNOTS AT SEA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Mantle, Peter J.] British Hovercraft Corp, East Cowes, England. [Mantle, Peter J.] Bell Aerosp, US Navy Surface Effect Ship SES 100B, Buffalo, NY USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] US Navy, ANVCE Project, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Off Secretary Navy SECNAV, Washington, DC USA. [Mantle, Peter J.] Lockheed Martin Corp, Seattle, WA USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-09041-5 PY 2015 BP 587 EP 598 D2 10.1017/CBO9781316106716 PG 12 WC Engineering, Marine SC Engineering GA BG0OJ UT WOS:000386433700013 ER PT J AU Kang, W Wilcox, L AF Kang, Wei Wilcox, Lucas GP IEEE TI An Example of Solving HJB Equations Using Sparse Grid for Feedback Control SO 2015 54TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 54th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) CY DEC 15-18, 2015 CL Osaka, JAPAN SP Kozo Keikaku Engn, MathWorks, Springer, CYBERNET Syst, Mitsubishi Elect, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Altair, Int Journal Automat & Comp, IEEE CAA Journal Automatica Sinica, Cogent Engn, Now, IHI, IEEE ID RIGID SPACECRAFT; ATTITUDE-CONTROL; STABILIZATION AB It is well known that solving the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation in moderate and high dimensions (d > 3) suffers the curse of dimensionality. In this paper, we introduce and demonstrate an example of solving the 6-D HJB equation for the optimal attitude control of a rigid body equipped with two pairs of momentum wheels. The system is uncontrollable. To mitigate the curse-of-dimensionality, a computational method based on sparse grids is introduced. The method is causality free, which enjoys the advantage of perfect parallelism. The problem is solved using several hundred CPU cores in parallel. In the simulations, the solution of the HJB equation is integrated into a model predictive control for optimal attitude stabilization. C1 [Kang, Wei; Wilcox, Lucas] Naval Postgrad Sch, Fac Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kang, W (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Fac Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM wkang@nps.edu; lwilcox@nps.edu NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-7886-1 PY 2015 BP 1100 EP 1105 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BF4PY UT WOS:000381554501043 ER PT J AU Krener, AJ AF Krener, Arthur J. GP IEEE TI Minimum Energy Estimation and Moving Horizon Estimation SO 2015 54TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 54th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) CY DEC 15-18, 2015 CL Osaka, JAPAN SP Kozo Keikaku Engn, MathWorks, Springer, CYBERNET Syst, Mitsubishi Elect, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Altair, Int Journal Automat & Comp, IEEE CAA Journal Automatica Sinica, Cogent Engn, Now, IHI, IEEE ID MODEL-PREDICTIVE CONTROL; FUTURE AB Minimum Energy Estimation is a way of filtering the state of a nonlinear system from partial and inexact measurements. It is a generalization of Gauss' method of least squares. Its application to filtering of control systems goes back at least to Mortenson who called it Maximum Likelyhood Estimation [12]. For linear, Gaussian systems it reduces to maximum likelihood estimation (aka Kalman Filtering) but this is not true for nonlinear systems. We prefer the name Minimum Energy Estimation (MEE) that was introduced by Hijab [4]. Both Mortenson and Hijab dealt with systems in continuous time, we extend their methods to discrete time systems and show how power series techniques can lessen the computational burden. Moving Horizon Estimation (MHE) is a moving window version of MEE. It computes the solution to an optimal control problem over a past moving window that is constrained by the actual observations on the window. The optimal state trajectory at the end of the window is the MEE estimate at this time. The cost in the optimal control problem is usually taken to be an L2 norm of the three slack variables; the initial condion noise, the driving noise and the measurement noise. MHE requires the buffering of the measurements over the past window. The optimal control problem is solved in real time by a nonlinear program solver but it becomes more difficult as the length of the window is increased. The power series approach to MME can be applied to MHE and this permits the choice of a very short past window consisting of one time step. This speeds up MHE and allows its real time implementaion on faster processes. C1 [Krener, Arthur J.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Krener, AJ (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ajkrener@nps.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-7886-1 PY 2015 BP 4952 EP 4957 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BF4PY UT WOS:000381554505024 ER PT J AU Szwaykowska, K Mier-y-Teran-Romero, L Schwartz, IB AF Szwaykowska, K. Mier-y-Teran-Romero, L. Schwartz, I. B. GP IEEE TI Patterned Dynamics of Delay-Coupled Swarms with Random Communication Graphs SO 2015 54TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 54th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) CY DEC 15-18, 2015 CL Osaka, JAPAN SP Kozo Keikaku Engn, MathWorks, Springer, CYBERNET Syst, Mitsubishi Elect, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Altair, Int Journal Automat & Comp, IEEE CAA Journal Automatica Sinica, Cogent Engn, Now, IHI, IEEE ID COOPERATIVE EXPLORATION; CHEMOTACTIC BACTERIA; COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR; SENSOR NETWORKS; MODEL; COORDINATION; CONSTRUCTION; TRANSITION; STRATEGY; SYSTEM AB Swarm and modular robotics are an emerging area in control of autonomous systems. However, coordinating a large group of interacting autonomous agents requires careful consideration of the logistical issues involved. In particular, inter-agent communication generally involves time delay, and bandwidth restrictions limit the number of neighbors with which each agent in the swarm can communicate. In this paper, we analyze coherent pattern dynamics of groups of delay-coupled agents, where the communication network is an Erdos-Renyi graph. We show that overall motion patterns for a globally-coupled swarm persist under decreasing network connectivity, and derive the bifurcation structure scaling relations for the emergence of different swarming behaviors as a function of the average network degree. We show excellent agreement between the theoretical scaling results and numerical simulations. C1 [Szwaykowska, K.; Mier-y-Teran-Romero, L.; Schwartz, I. B.] US Naval Res Lab, Nonlinear Syst Dynam Sect, Div Plasma Phys, Code 6792, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Szwaykowska, K (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Nonlinear Syst Dynam Sect, Div Plasma Phys, Code 6792, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM klementyna.szwaykowska.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; lmieryt1@jhu.edu; ira.schwartz@nrl.navy.mil NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-7886-1 PY 2015 BP 6496 EP 6501 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BF4PY UT WOS:000381554506112 ER PT J AU Cichella, V Marinho, T Stipanovic, D Hovakimyan, N Kaminer, I Trujillo, A AF Cichella, Venanzio Marinho, Thiago Stipanovic, Dusan Hovakimyan, Naira Kaminer, Isaac Trujillo, Anna GP IEEE TI Collision Avoidance Based on Line-of-Sight Angle SO 2015 54TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 54th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) CY DEC 15-18, 2015 CL Osaka, JAPAN SP Kozo Keikaku Engn, MathWorks, Springer, CYBERNET Syst, Mitsubishi Elect, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Altair, Int Journal Automat & Comp, IEEE CAA Journal Automatica Sinica, Cogent Engn, Now, IHI, IEEE ID UNMANNED AIR VEHICLES; OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE; COVERAGE CONTROL; NETWORKS; TRACKING; ROBOTS AB This paper addresses the problem of collision avoidance for fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles. The angular velocity of the aircraft is adjusted in order to avert a possible collision with cooperative or uncooperative obstacles. The novelty of this work is that the control law uses only the line-of-sight angle as feedback, which can be obtained from an inertial measurement unit and a gimbaled camera mounted onboard the vehicle. This work aims at providing a solution to the collision avoidance problem for small low-cost unmanned aerial platforms, which are not equipped with sensors capable of measuring data such as position and velocity of the obstacle. This problem of practical relevance is faced from a theoretical standpoint. A Lyapunov based analysis is outlined, which provides safety guarantees under a given set of assumptions that the obstacle must satisfy. Simulation results are presented to validate the theoretical findings. C1 [Cichella, Venanzio; Marinho, Thiago; Stipanovic, Dusan; Hovakimyan, Naira] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kaminer, Isaac] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Trujillo, Anna] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. RP Cichella, V (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-7886-1 PY 2015 BP 6779 EP 6784 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BF4PY UT WOS:000381554506156 ER EF