FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Quinones, M Leung, R Williams, S AF Quinones, Martin Leung, Richard Williams, Sherry TI Algae Based Hydroprocessed Fuel Use on a Marine Gas Turbine SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB The Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division (NSWCCD) Philadelphia conducted a full scale gas turbine engine test using Rolls Royce engine models 501-K34 and 250-KS4 to assess engine performance and fuel combustion characteristics of an algae based hydroprocessed fuel. The fuel, hereafter described as alternate fuel, consisted of a 50/50 blend of NATO F-76 fuel and the algae based formulation. It is the first time that the U. S. Navy has used a nonpetroleum based fuel on a marine gas turbine. The test was conducted at the DDG 51 Land Based Engineering Site (LBES) of NSWCCD during Jan. 16-21, 2011. The alternate fuel test conducted on the 501-K34 engine consisted of seven cycles of engine operation, one using NATO F-76 fuel to develop a baseline run and six cycles using alternate fuel. Each cycle was 7 h and 20 min in duration and was composed of 27 distinct load scenarios. The total duration of the test was 44 h. The 250-KS4 engine was used as the starter mechanism for the 501-K34 engine. During the test, parameters for combustion temperature, fuel demand, fuel manifold pressure, engine start time, and operation under various load conditions were recorded. This paper discusses the results of the above test by comparing engine operation using alternate fuel to engine performance using NATO F-76 fuel. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4007339] C1 [Quinones, Martin] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA. [Leung, Richard] Naval Sea Syst Command, Washington, DC 20376 USA. [Williams, Sherry] Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Quinones, M (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA. EM martin.quinones@navy.mil; richard.leung@navy.mil; sherry.williams@navy.mil NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD DEC PY 2012 VL 134 IS 12 AR 122201 DI 10.1115/1.4007339 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 077NW UT WOS:000314035400008 ER PT J AU Johnson, BJ Peterson, GW Jones, P Melde, BJ Taft, JR Schindler, BJ AF Johnson, Brandy J. Peterson, Gregory W. Jones, Paulette Melde, Brian J. Taft, Jenna R. Schindler, Bryan J. TI Porphyrin-embedded organosilicate materials for ammonia adsorption SO JOURNAL OF PORPHYRINS AND PHTHALOCYANINES LA English DT Article DE metalloporphyrin; organosilicate; ammonia; porous; sorbent; filter ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS; SILICATE MATERIALS; NITRIC-OXIDE; MESOPOROUS ORGANOSILICAS; ACTIVATED CARBON; HYBRID MATERIALS; GAS-ADSORPTION; FILMS; TETRAPHENYLPORPHYRIN; REMOVAL AB This study describes the application of porphyrin-embedded porous organosilicate materials to the adsorption of ammonia gas. Organosilicate scaffolds were synthesized through a surfactant-templating process combined with a phase separation technique. The structure offers a macro-textured scaffold to facilitate flow through the sorbent material and provide enhanced access to the available surface area provided by a combination of micro- and mesopores distributed over a range of sizes. The materials were grafted post-synthesis to provide sites for covalent immobilization of porphyrins. These porphyrins were utilized for incorporation of metal sites into the organosilicate materials. The removal of ammonia was evaluated for a number of materials incorporating copper metalloporphyrins of varied structure at varied loading levels. Results have been compared to removal of ammonia by a carbon material. Copper deuteroporphyrin IX bis-ethylene glycol provided the strongest interactions with ammonia. High loading levels of this porphyrin within the sorbent structure showed increasing evidence of stacking and did not improve the performance of the material. C1 [Johnson, Brandy J.; Melde, Brian J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Peterson, Gregory W.] Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Jones, Paulette; Schindler, Bryan J.] Sci Applications Int Corp, Gunpowder, MD 21010 USA. [Taft, Jenna R.] NOVA Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Johnson, BJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brandy.white@nrl.navy.mil RI Johnson, Brandy/B-3462-2008; Schindler, Bryan/I-1529-2013 OI Johnson, Brandy/0000-0002-3637-0631; Schindler, Bryan/0000-0003-3127-2722 FU US Defense Threat Reduction Agency's Chemical & Biological Technologies Directorate (DTRA-CB) Physical Science & Technology Division [BA08PRO015] FX This research was sponsored by the US Defense Threat Reduction Agency's Chemical & Biological Technologies Directorate (DTRA-CB) Physical Science & Technology Division under the topic Protection and Hazard Mitigation (BA08PRO015). BJJ and GWP contributed equally to this study. We applied the SDC approach ("sequence-determines-credit") for determining the sequence of remaining authors [47]. The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not represent those of the US Navy, the US Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 51 PU WORLD SCI PUBL CO INC PI HACKENSACK PA 27 WARREN ST, STE 401-402, HACKENSACK, NJ 07601 USA SN 1088-4246 J9 J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA JI J. Porphyr. Phthalocyanines PD DEC PY 2012 VL 16 IS 12 BP 1252 EP 1260 DI 10.1142/S1088424612501337 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 082CN UT WOS:000314369400003 ER PT J AU McCarthy, SC Gould, RW Richman, J Kearney, C Lawson, A AF McCarthy, Sean C. Gould, Richard W., Jr. Richman, James Kearney, Courtney Lawson, Adam TI Impact of Aerosol Model Selection on Water-Leaving Radiance Retrievals from Satellite Ocean Color Imagery SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE aerosol models; normalized water-leaving radiance; MODIS; AERONET-OC; atmospheric correction; ocean color ID COASTAL OBSERVATORY ASSESSMENT; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; COLLOCATED MULTI; HYPERSPECTRAL SYSTEMS; SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; SEAWIFS; AERONET; ALGORITHM AB We examine the impact of atmospheric correction, specifically aerosol model selection, on retrieval of bio-optical properties from satellite ocean color imagery. Uncertainties in retrievals of bio-optical properties (such as chlorophyll, absorption, and backscattering coefficients) from satellite ocean color imagery are related to a variety of factors, including errors associated with sensor calibration, atmospheric correction, and the bio-optical inversion algorithms. In many cases, selection of an inappropriate or erroneous aerosol model during atmospheric correction can dominate the errors in the satellite estimation of the normalized water-leaving radiances (L-n(w)), especially over turbid, coastal waters. These errors affect the downstream bio-optical properties. Here, we focus on the impact of aerosol model selection on the L-n(w) radiance estimates by comparing Aerosol Robotic Network-Ocean Color (AERONET-OC) measurements of L-n(w) and aerosol optical depth (AOD) to satellite-derived values from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS). We also apply noise to the satellite top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiance values in the two near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths used for atmospheric correction, to assess the effect on aerosol model selection and L-n(w) retrievals. In general, for the data sets examined, we found that as little as 1% uncertainty (noise) in the NIR TOA radiances can lead to the selection of a different pair of bounding aerosol models, thus changing L-n(w) retrievals. We also compare aerosol size fraction retrieved from AERONET and size fraction represented by aerosol models selected during atmospheric correction. C1 [McCarthy, Sean C.; Gould, Richard W., Jr.; Kearney, Courtney; Lawson, Adam] USN, Res Lab, Bioopt Phys Proc & Remote Sensing Sect, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Richman, James] USN, Res Lab, Ocean Proc & Predict Sect, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP McCarthy, SC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Bioopt Phys Proc & Remote Sensing Sect, Code 7331, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM sean.mccarthy@nrlssc.navy.mil; gould@nrlssc.navy.mil; james.richman@nrlssc.navy.mil; courtney.kearney@nrlssc.navy.mil; adam.lawson@nrlssc.navy.mil FU NRL "Developing Ensemble Methods to Estimate Uncertainties in Remotely-Sensed Optical Properties (DEMEN)" [0602435N]; NRL Karle's Fellowship FX We would like to thank David Lewis, Sherwin Ladner, and Paul Martinolich for assistance with the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Automated Processing System (APS) programming and analyses, as well as the two anonymous reviewers who improved this manuscript. We would also like to thank the following people for AERONET data at their respective sites: Giuseppe Zibordi (Venice), Hui Feng, Heidi M. Sosik, and Hugh Popence (Martha's Vineyard), and Bill Gibson, Alan Weidemann, and Greg Stone (Gulf of Mexico, WaveCIS). Funding for this work was provided by NRL "Developing Ensemble Methods to Estimate Uncertainties in Remotely-Sensed Optical Properties (DEMEN)", Program Element 0602435N, as well as an NRL Karle's Fellowship awarded to SCM. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 20 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 4 IS 12 BP 3638 EP 3665 DI 10.3390/rs4123638 PG 28 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 075VI UT WOS:000313914800001 ER PT J AU Raviprakash, K Luke, T Doukas, J Danko, J Porter, K Burgess, T Kochel, T AF Raviprakash, Kanakatte Luke, Thomas Doukas, John Danko, Janine Porter, Kevin Burgess, Timothy Kochel, Tadeusz TI A dengue DNA vaccine formulated with Vaxfectin (R) is well tolerated, and elicits strong neutralizing antibody responses to all four dengue serotypes in New Zealand white rabbits SO HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE dengue; DNA vaccine; vaxfectin; immunogenicity; rabbits ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; RECOMBINANT SUBUNIT; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; PLASMID DNA; PROTEIN; IMMUNOGENICITY; MONOCYTES; TRIAL AB A tetravalent DNA vaccine formulated with Vaxfectin adjuvant was shown to elicit high levels of neutralizing antibody against all four dengue virus serotypes (Porter et al., Vaccine 30: 336, 2011), warranting further testing in humans. In preparation for a phase 1 clinical testing, the vaccine and the adjuvant were manufactured under current good manufacturing practice guidelines. The formulated vaccine and the adjuvant were tested for safety and/or immunogenicity in New Zealand white rabbits using a repeat dose toxicology study. The formulated vaccine and the adjuvant were found to be well tolerated by the animals. Animals injected with formulated vaccine produced strong neutralizing antibody response to all four dengue serotypes. C1 [Raviprakash, Kanakatte; Luke, Thomas; Danko, Janine; Porter, Kevin; Burgess, Timothy; Kochel, Tadeusz] USN, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Luke, Thomas] Henry M Jackson Fdn, Bethesda, MD USA. [Doukas, John] Vical Inc, San Diego, CA USA. RP Raviprakash, K (reprint author), USN, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM Kanakatte.raviprakas@med.navy.mil FU Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery FX This work was supported by funds from the Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery. Animal work was performed through a contract at the AAALAC accredited facilities of Bioreliance Corporation, in compliance with the Animal Welfare Act. The authors, except Thomas Luke and John Doukas are military service members or employees of the US Government. This work was prepared as part of official duties. Title 17 U.S.C. s105 provides that 'Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government'. Title 17 U.S.C. s101 defines a US Government work as a work prepared by a military service member or employee of the US Government as part of that person s official duties. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Navy, Department of Defense, nor the US Government. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 9 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 2164-5515 J9 HUM VACC IMMUNOTHER JI Human Vaccines Immunother. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 8 IS 12 BP 1764 EP 1768 DI 10.4161/hv.21806 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 071SW UT WOS:000313615500013 PM 23032166 ER PT J AU Carter, BJ Schenck, EC Wawrzynek, PA Ingraffea, AR Barlow, KW AF Carter, B. J. Schenck, E. C. Wawrzynek, P. A. Ingraffea, A. R. Barlow, K. W. TI Three-dimensional simulation of fretting crack nucleation and growth SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Fretting; Finite element analyses; Crack growth; Life prediction; Metals ID LIFE-PREDICTION METHODOLOGY; FINITE-ELEMENT-ANALYSIS; FRACTURE-MECHANICS; FATIGUE LIFE; PROPAGATION; TI-6AL-4V; CONTACT; PARAMETERS; MODEL; CONNECTIONS AB Fretting nucleation models and three-dimensional finite element analyses are used to compute the fretting fatigue life for metallic components. The models predict crack nucleation cycles and location(s). Discrete crack growth simulations provide stress intensity factor histories, with multiple, non-planar, three-dimensional cracks possible. The histories are input into crack growth rate model(s) to compute propagation cycles. The sum of fretting nucleation plus propagation cycles is the total life. Experimental fretting data, including crack nucleation location and cycles, and crack growth trajectory and propagation cycles, are used to validate the approach. Predictions for a realistic turbine blade/disk are comparable to field observations. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Carter, B. J.; Wawrzynek, P. A.] Fracture Anal Consultants Inc, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Carter, B. J.; Wawrzynek, P. A.; Ingraffea, A. R.] Cornell Univ, Cornell Fracture Grp, Ithaca, NY 14851 USA. [Schenck, E. C.] Impact Technol LLC, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Barlow, K. W.] Naval Air Syst Command Prop & Power Engn, NAVAIR, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Carter, BJ (reprint author), Fracture Anal Consultants Inc, 121 Eastern Hts Dr, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. EM bjc21@cornell.edu FU US Navy SBIR [N68335-08-C-0011] FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Pat Golden at AFRL, Wright Patterson Air Force Base for supplying the data, drawings and finite element models for the dovetail fretting tests. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Jalees Ahmad for his assistance with the crack analog fretting model. This work was funded by a US Navy SBIR Contract (#N68335-08-C-0011). NR 47 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-7944 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 96 BP 447 EP 460 DI 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2012.08.015 PG 14 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 068RQ UT WOS:000313384300032 ER PT J AU Legler, PM Leary, DH Hervey, WJ Millard, CB AF Legler, Patricia M. Leary, Dagmar H. Hervey, William Judson Millard, Charles B. TI A role for His-160 in peroxide inhibition of S. cerevisiae S-formylglutathione hydrolase: Evidence for an oxidation sensitive motif SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Organophosphate; Sulfenic acid; Sulflnic acid; Sulfonic acid; Oxidation; Motif; Glutathione; Serine hydrolase; Carboxylesterase; Thioesterase ID CYSTEINE SULFENIC ACID; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; N-ETHYLMALEIMIDE; ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; AMINO-ACIDS; ACTIVE-SITE; PROTEIN; PURIFICATION; ESTERASE AB While the general catalytic mechanism of the widespread serine hydrolase superfamily has been documented extensively, much less is known about its varied modes of functional modulation within biological systems. Under oxidizing conditions, inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae S-formylglutathione hydrolase (SFGH, homologous to human esterase D) activity is attributable to a cysteine (Cys-60) adjacent to its catalytic triad and approximately 8.0 angstrom away from the O gamma of the nucleophilic serine. Cys-60 is oxidized to a sulfenic acid in the structure of the Paraoxon-inhibited W197I variant (PDB 3C6B). The structural snap-shot captured an unstable reversibly oxidized state, but it remained unclear as to whether the oxidation occurred before, during, or after the reaction with the organophosphate inhibitor. To determine if the oxidation of Cys-60 was functionally linked to ester hydrolysis, we used kinetic analysis and site-directed mutagenesis in combination with X-ray crystallography. The essential nature of Cys-60 for oxidation is demonstrated by the C6OS variant, which is not inhibited by peroxide in the presence or absence of substrate. In the presence of substrate, the rate of inhibition of the WT SFGH by peroxide increases 14-fold, suggesting uncompetitive behavior linking oxidation to ester hydrolysis. Here we found one variant, H160I, which is activated by peroxide. This variant is activated at comparable rates in the presence or absence of substrate, indicating that the conserved His-160 is involved in the inhibitory mechanism linking ester hydrolysis to the oxidation of Cys-60. Copper chloride inhibition experiments show that at least two metal ions bind and inhibit both WT and H160I. A structure of the Paraoxon-inhibited W197I variant soaked with CuCl2 shows density for one metal ion per monomer at the N-terminus, and density around the Cys-60 sulfur consistent with a sulfinic acid, Cys-SO2. A Dali structural similarity search uncovered two other enzymes (Bacillus subtilis RsbQ, 1WOM and Clostridium acetobutylicum Lipase esterase, 3E0X) that contain a similar Cys adjacent to a catalytic triad. We speculate that the regulatory motif uncovered is conserved in some D-type esterases and discuss its structural similarities in the active site of human protective protein (HPP; also known as Cathepsin A). Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Legler, Patricia M.; Leary, Dagmar H.; Hervey, William Judson] USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Labs, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Millard, Charles B.] USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Legler, PM (reprint author), USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Labs, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM plegler2@gmail.com FU National Research Council Research Associates Program of the National Academies of Science; U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency JSTO award [1.D0015_06_WR_C, 1.D0006_08_WR_C] FX We thank Derrick J. Robinson and Benjamin V. Clingan for technical assistance. W.J.H. and D.H.L. gratefully acknowledges the support from the National Research Council Research Associates Program of the National Academies of Science. We thank Dr. Albert S. Mildvan for useful discussions and helpful suggestions.; This work was funded by the U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency JSTO award 1.D0015_06_WR_C (CBM) and 1.D0006_08_WR_C (C.B.M. and P.M.L.). The opinions or assertions contained herein belong to the authors and are not necessarily the official views of the U.S. Army, U.S. Navy, or the U.S. Department of Defense. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0003-9861 J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 528 IS 1 BP 7 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.abb.2012.08.001 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 068PZ UT WOS:000313380000002 PM 22906720 ER PT J AU Jacobsen, KH Ansumana, R Abdirahman, HA Bockarie, AS Bangura, U Meehan, KA Jimmy, DH Malanoski, AP Sundufu, AJ Stenger, DA AF Jacobsen, Kathryn H. Ansumana, Rashid Abdirahman, Hafsa A. Bockarie, Alfred S. Bangura, Umaru Meehan, Kate A. Jimmy, David H. Malanoski, Anthony P. Sundufu, Abu J. Stenger, David A. TI Considerations in the selection of healthcare providers for mothers and children in Bo, Sierra Leone: reputation, cost and location SO INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Choice behaviour; Health services accessibility; Health expenditure; Quality of health care; Sierra Leone; West Africa ID DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; PRIVATE HOSPITALS; SEEKING BEHAVIOR; SERVICES; CHOICE; QUALITY; PATIENT; COMMUNITY; SATISFACTION; POPULATION AB The factors that influence the selection of a healthcare provider once the decision to seek care has been made can be summarized using a triad of cost, location and reputation. The goal of this study was to identify which of these factors is the primary consideration when women in urban Bo, Sierra Leone, select a healthcare provider for themselves or their children. We interviewed 1091 mothers during a household census of two neighbourhoods of Bo in April 2010. Reputation was the top consideration for about half of the women, cost was the second most common priority, and the location of the healthcare facility was the primary consideration for less than 7% of the participants. The majority of women said they would select a new provider if cost was not a barrier. Socioeconomic characteristics were not significant predictors of whether cost, location or reputation was selected as the highest-ranked consideration. This evidence for the importance of reputation in healthcare decision-making even in low-resource areas highlights the need for health systems to address issues of quality and responsiveness, and not just cost, in order to increase access to and utilization of health services. (C) 2012 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jacobsen, Kathryn H.; Abdirahman, Hafsa A.] George Mason Univ, Dept Global & Community Hlth, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Ansumana, Rashid; Bockarie, Alfred S.; Bangura, Umaru; Meehan, Kate A.; Jimmy, David H.] Mercy Hosp Res Lab, Bo, Sierra Leone. [Ansumana, Rashid; Bockarie, Alfred S.; Jimmy, David H.] Njala Univ, Sch Environm Sci, Inst Environm Management & Qual Control, Bo, Sierra Leone. [Malanoski, Anthony P.; Stenger, David A.] USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Sundufu, Abu J.] Njala Univ, Sch Environm Sci, Dept Biol Sci, Bo, Sierra Leone. RP Jacobsen, KH (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Global & Community Hlth, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM kjacobse@gmu.edu RI Jacobsen, Kathryn/B-5857-2008; Malanoski, Anthony/C-7814-2011 OI Jacobsen, Kathryn/0000-0002-4198-6246; Malanoski, Anthony/0000-0001-6192-888X FU U.S. Office of Naval Research; Office of the Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics FX This work was financially supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research and the Office of the Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics. The views expressed therein are those of the authors and do not represent those of the Department of the Navy or the Department of Defense. NR 32 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1876-3413 J9 INT HEALTH JI Int. Health PD DEC PY 2012 VL 4 IS 4 BP 307 EP 313 DI 10.1016/j.inhe.2012.09.004 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 067SE UT WOS:000313314600012 PM 24029678 ER PT J AU Gaillou, E Post, JE Rose, T Butler, JE AF Gaillou, E. Post, J. E. Rose, T. Butler, J. E. TI Cathodoluminescence of Natural, Plastically Deformed Pink Diamonds SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE natural pink diamond; cathodoluminescence; twin; plastic deformation; H3 center; 405.5 nm center ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; INFRARED-ABSORPTION; OPTICAL-CENTERS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; NITROGEN; DEFECT AB The 49 type I natural pink diamonds examined exhibit color restricted to lamellae or bands oriented along {111} that are created by plastic deformation. Pink diamonds fall into two groups: (1) diamonds from Argyle in Australia and Santa Elena in Venezuela are heavily strained throughout and exhibit pink bands alternating with colorless areas, and (2) diamonds from other localities have strain localized near the discrete pink lamellae. Growth zones are highlighted by a blue cathodoluminescence (CL) and crosscut by the pink lamellae that emit yellowish-green CL that originates from the H3 center. This center probably forms by the recombination of nitrogen-related centers (A-aggregates) and vacancies mobilized by natural annealing in the Earth's mantle. Twinning is the most likely mechanism through which plastic deformation is accommodated for the two groups of diamonds. The plastic deformation creates new centers visible through spectroscopic methods, including the one responsible for the pink color, which remains unidentified. The differences in the plastic deformation features, and resulting CL properties, for the two groups might correlate to the particular geologic conditions under which the diamonds formed; those from Argyle and Santa Elena are deposits located within Proterozoic cratons, whereas most diamonds originate from Archean cratons. C1 [Gaillou, E.] Nat Hist Museum Los Angeles Cty, Dept Mineral Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. [Post, J. E.; Rose, T.; Butler, J. E.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Butler, J. E.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gaillou, E (reprint author), Nat Hist Museum Los Angeles Cty, Dept Mineral Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. EM eloise.gaillou@gmail.com RI Gaillou, Eloise/D-1753-2009; Butler, James/B-7965-2008 OI Gaillou, Eloise/0000-0002-7949-268X; Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176 FU Coralyn Whitney endowment; Smithsonian Institution FX The authors give a special thanks to John Chapman (Rio Tinto), Alexandro Stern, and Simon O'Brien and De Beers Canada Inc., who provided pink diamonds from Argyle in Australia, Santa Elena in Venezuela, and Canada, respectively. We are also grateful to Alan Levy, who loaned three pink diamonds from the Williamson Mine in Tanzania for this study. E.G.'s work was funded by the Coralyn Whitney endowment (to the Smithsonian) and the Smithsonian Institution. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 20 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1292 EP 1302 DI 10.1017/S1431927612013542 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 066QD UT WOS:000313234400011 PM 23217341 ER PT J AU Ammon, GP AF Ammon, Grant P. TI NPS Student Team Analyzes Operational Utility of Future USVs SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material RP Ammon, GP (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-1425 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 124 IS 4 BP 31 EP 32 PG 2 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 062OJ UT WOS:000312928900003 ER PT J AU Mueller, A Ellis, J Kujawski, E AF Mueller, Artie Ellis, Jerry Kujawski, Edouard TI Why the Torpedo Engagement Kill Chain Underestimates the Probability of Kill, and How to Fix It SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Conditional probability; Event tree; Mission success; Profiency; Probability of Kill; Reliability; Torpedo Engagement Kill Chain; Kill chain AB For the past several years, the U.S. Navy has assessed the performance of lightweight torpedoes (LWT) as a critical issue. The current de facto assessment is based primarily on the testing of Recoverable Exercise Torpedoes (REXTORP) and Exercise Torpedoes (EXTORP) LWTs. Because a kill never actually occurs and the REXTORPs are only partial runs, the U.S. Navy assesses LWTs by evaluating the following three events of the engagement kill chain: System Reliability (R-sys), Torpedo Reliability, and Torpedo Effectiveness. These events are assessed independently, and they are averaged to obtain probability values for the kill chain factors. These probabilities are then multiplied, and the result is reported as the Probability of Kill (P-k). This assessment is problematic because the kill does not actually occur. The grading of R-sys is linked to proficiency standards rather than to mission success. Dependencies across events in a torpedo run are not accounted for, such as an unsatisfactory torpedo grade that would otherwise allow for continuation of the kill chain and a potential mission success (e.g., target hit). Averages combine data from a wide range of tests with conditions that can significantly affect performance of the events. This paper proposes a multi-state engagement kill chain to account for such degraded events, including compensatory effects associated with functional redundancy. This would provide a holistic approach with a focus on mission success similar to the assessment of Heavyweight Torpedoes (HWT). A hypothetical example that uses this more realistic assessment indicates that the LWT R-sys and P-k are significantly higher than currently reported. C1 [Mueller, Artie] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Port Hueneme, CA USA. [Ellis, Jerry] USN, Postgrad Sch, Undersea Warfare Res Ctr, Monterey, CA USA. [Kujawski, Edouard] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Engn, Monterey, CA USA. [Kujawski, Edouard] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-1425 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 124 IS 4 BP 93 EP 100 PG 8 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 062OJ UT WOS:000312928900010 ER PT J AU Kennedy, MJ Ladouceur, HD Moeller, T Kirui, D Batt, CA AF Kennedy, Matthew J. Ladouceur, Harold D. Moeller, Tiffany Kirui, Dickson Batt, Carl A. TI Analysis of a laminar-flow diffusional mixer for directed self-assembly of liposomes SO BIOMICROFLUIDICS LA English DT Article DE biodiffusion; bioMEMS; finite element analysis; laminar flow; lipid bilayers; microfluidics; self-assembly ID PROTEIN-FOLDING KINETICS; MICROFLUIDIC CHANNELS; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR-DIFFUSION; MICROCHANNELS; MICROSCOPY; DEVICES; SIZE; TIME AB The present work describes the operation and simulation of a microfluidic laminar-flow mixer. Diffusive mixing takes place between a core solution containing lipids in ethanol and a sheath solution containing aqueous buffer, leading to self assembly of liposomes. Present device architecture hydrodynamically focuses the lipid solution into a cylindrical core positioned at the center of a microfluidic channel of 125 x 125-mu m(2) cross-section. Use of the device produces liposomes in the size range of 100-300 nm, with larger liposomes forming at greater ionic strength in the sheath solution and at lower lipid concentration in the core solution. Finite element simulations compute the concentration distributions of solutes at axial distances of greater than 100 channel widths. These simulations reduce computation time and enable computation at long axial distances by utilizing long hexahedral elements in the axial flow region and fine tetrahedral elements in the hydrodynamic focusing region. Present meshing technique is generally useful for simulation of long microfluidic channels and is fully implementable using comsol Multiphysics. Confocal microscopy provides experimental validation of the simulations using fluorescent solutions containing fluorescein or enhanced green fluorescent protein. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4772602] C1 [Kennedy, Matthew J.; Ladouceur, Harold D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kennedy, Matthew J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Moeller, Tiffany; Batt, Carl A.] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Kirui, Dickson] Cornell Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Kirui, Dickson] Methodist Hosp, Res Inst, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Kennedy, MJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mjk67@cornell.edu; dkirui@tmhs.org OI Kennedy, Matthew J./0000-0002-6477-9936 FU Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research; Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory; National Research Council; National Science Foundation FX M.J.K., D. K., and C. A. B. thank the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research for supporting this work. M.J.K. and H. D. L. acknowledge funding from the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory base funding program. M.J.K. acknowledges postdoctoral support through a National Research Council Associateship. Fabrication of devices takes place at the Cornell NanoScale Facility, a member of the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network (NNIN), which is supported by the National Science Foundation. Acquisition of images takes place at the Microscopy and Imaging Facility of the Cornell University Life Sciences Core Laboratories Center. The authors thank Sasha L. Perkins and Carol Bayles for developing the confocal microscopy imaging protocol and Rishard H. Chen for expressing and extracting the EGFP. NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 77 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1932-1058 J9 BIOMICROFLUIDICS JI Biomicrofluidics PD DEC PY 2012 VL 6 IS 4 AR 044119 DI 10.1063/1.4772602 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biophysics; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 061EQ UT WOS:000312831100020 PM 24348890 ER PT J AU Denning, PJ AF Denning, Peter J. TI The Profession of IT Moods SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Denning, Peter J.] USN, Cebrowski Inst Informat Innovat, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Denning, PJ (reprint author), USN, Cebrowski Inst Informat Innovat, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. EM pjd@nps.edu NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0001-0782 J9 COMMUN ACM JI Commun. ACM PD DEC PY 2012 VL 55 IS 12 BP 33 EP 35 DI 10.1145/2380656.2380668 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 059ZR UT WOS:000312744900016 ER PT J AU Mazzaro, LM Johnson, SP Fair, PA Bossart, G Carlin, KP Jensen, ED Smith, CR Andrews, GA Chavey, PS Venn-Watson, S AF Mazzaro, Lisa M. Johnson, Shawn P. Fair, Patricia A. Bossart, Greg Carlin, Kevin P. Jensen, Eric D. Smith, Cynthia R. Andrews, Gordon A. Chavey, Patricia S. Venn-Watson, Stephanie TI Iron Indices in Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) SO COMPARATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INDIAN RIVER LAGOON; STORAGE DISEASE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; SERUM FERRITIN; HEMOCHROMATOSIS; HEMOSIDEROSIS; POPULATION; FLORIDA; AGE; OVERLOAD AB Bottlenose dolphins can have iron overload (that is, hemochromatosis), and managed populations of dolphins may be more susceptible to this disease than are wild dolphins. Serum iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation, and ferritin were measured in 181 samples from 141 dolphins in 2 managed collections and 2 free-ranging populations. Although no iron indices increased with age among free-ranging dolphins, ferritin increased with age in managed collections. Dolphins from managed collections had higher iron, ferritin, and transferrin saturation values than did free-ranging dolphins. Dolphins with high serum iron (exceeding 300 mu g/dL) were more likely to have elevated ferritin but not ceruloplasmin or haptoglobin, demonstrating that high serum levels of iron are due to a true increase in total body iron. A time-series study of 4 dolphins with hemochromatosis that were treated with phlebotomy demonstrated significant decreases in serum ferritin, iron, and TIBC between pre- and posttreatment samples; transferrin saturation initially fell but returned to prephlebotomy levels by 6 mo after treatment. Compared with those in managed collections, wild dolphins were 15 times more likely to have low serum iron (100 mu g/dL or less), and this measure was associated with lower haptoglobin. In conclusion, bottlenose dolphins in managed collections are more likely to have greater iron stores than are free-ranging dolphins. Determining why this situation occurs among some dolphin populations and not others may improve the treatment of hemochromatosis in dolphins and provide clues to causes of nonhereditary hemochromatosis in humans. C1 [Mazzaro, Lisa M.] Myst Aquarium, Sea Res Fdn, Mystic, CT USA. [Johnson, Shawn P.; Carlin, Kevin P.; Smith, Cynthia R.; Venn-Watson, Stephanie] Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA USA. [Jensen, Eric D.] USN, Marine Mammal Program, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Fair, Patricia A.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC USA. [Andrews, Gordon A.; Chavey, Patricia S.] Kansas State Vet Diagnost Lab, Manhattan, KS USA. [Bossart, Greg] Georgia Aquarium, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mazzaro, LM (reprint author), Myst Aquarium, Sea Res Fdn, Mystic, CT USA. EM LMazzaro@searesearch.org FU Navy Marine Mammal Program at the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific; Office of Naval Research Grant [N000141210294] FX We thank the animal care and management staff of the Navy Marine Mammal Program and Six Flags Discovery Kingdom, and the free-ranging dolphin health assessment teams for Charleston, South Carolina, and the Indian River Lagoon, Florida. We thank Wayne McFee for age analysis on the free-ranging dolphin populations. We also thank the reviewers of this manuscript for their valued time and contributions. This work was supported by the Navy Marine Mammal Program at the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific and the Office of Naval Research Grant No. N000141210294. The free-ranging dolphin samples used in this study were collected under NMFS Permit no. 998-1678, issued to Gregory Bossart, VMD. This constitutes scientific contribution no. 214 from the Sea Research Foundation. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1532-0820 J9 COMPARATIVE MED JI Comparative Med. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 62 IS 6 BP 508 EP 515 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 059DJ UT WOS:000312684300008 PM 23561885 ER PT J AU Li, FY Deck, JA Dersch, CM Rothman, RB Deschamps, JR Jacobson, AE Rice, KC AF Li, Fuying Deck, Jason A. Dersch, Christina M. Rothman, Richard B. Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Jacobson, Arthur E. Rice, Kenner C. TI Probes for narcotic receptor mediated phenomena. 46. N-substituted-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-1H-1,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthre n-6-and 8-ols - Carbocyclic relatives of f-oxide-bridged phenylmorphans SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Synthesis; Opioid receptor binding and efficacy; N-substituted-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-1H-1,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthre n-6-and 8-ols; f-Oxide-bridged phenylmorphans; Opioid antagonist ID N-PHENETHYL ANALOGS; MU-OPIOID RECEPTOR; BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION; BINDING-AFFINITY; ORTHO-C; ANTAGONIST; ISOMERS; 5-(META-HYDROXYPHENYL)MORPHAN; 5-PHENYLMORPHANS; MORPHINE AB Oxide-bridged phenylmorphans were conceptualized as topologically distinct, structurally rigid ligands with 3-dimensional shapes that could not be appreciably modified on interaction with opioid receptors. An enantiomer of the N-phenethyl-substituted ortho-f isomer was found to have high affinity for the mu-receptor (K-i = 7 nM) and was about four times more potent than naloxone as an antagonist. In order to examine the effect of introduction of a small amount of flexibility into these molecules, we have replaced the rigid 5-membered oxide ring with a more flexible 6-membered carbon ring. Synthesis of the new N-phenethyl-substituted tricyclic N-substituted-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-1H-1,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthren-6- and 8-ols resulted in a two carbon-bridged relative of the f-isomers, the dihydrofuran ring was replaced by a cyclohexene ring. The carbocyclic compounds had much higher affinity and greater selectivity for the mu-receptor than the f-oxide-bridged phenylmorphans. They were also much more potent mu-antagonists, with activities comparable to naltrexone in the [S-35]GTP-gamma-S assay. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Li, Fuying; Deck, Jason A.; Jacobson, Arthur E.; Rice, Kenner C.] NIDA, Drug Design & Synth Sect, Chem Biol Res Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Li, Fuying; Deck, Jason A.; Jacobson, Arthur E.; Rice, Kenner C.] NIAAA, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Dersch, Christina M.; Rothman, Richard B.] NIDA, Clin Psychopharmacol Sect, Chem Biol Res Branch, Addict Res Ctr,NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rice, KC (reprint author), NIDA, Drug Design & Synth Sect, Chem Biol Res Branch, 5625 Fishers Lane,Room 4N03, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM kr21f@nih.gov OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010 FU NIH Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; NIH Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Drug Abuse; NIH Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, DHHS; NIDA [Y1-DA1101]; Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) FX This research was supported by the NIH Intramural Research Programs of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, and the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, DHHS. The X-ray crystallographic work was supported by NIDA through an Interagency Agreement #Y1-DA1101 with the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). We thank Noel Whittaker and Dr. John Lloyd (Mass Spectrometry Facility, NIDDK) for the mass spectral data, and Drs. Klaus Gawrisch and Walter Teague (Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA) for NMR spectroscopic data. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0223-5234 J9 EUR J MED CHEM JI Eur. J. Med. Chem. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 58 BP 557 EP 567 DI 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.10.041 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 059ZT UT WOS:000312745100058 PM 23168379 ER PT J AU Dodds, NA Hooten, NC Reed, RA Schrimpf, RD Warner, JH Roche, NJH McMorrow, D Wen, SJ Wong, R Salzman, JF Jordan, S Pellish, JA Marshall, CJ Gaspard, NJ Bennett, WG Zhang, EX Bhuva, BL AF Dodds, N. A. Hooten, N. C. Reed, R. A. Schrimpf, R. D. Warner, J. H. Roche, N. J. -H. McMorrow, D. Wen, S. -J. Wong, R. Salzman, J. F. Jordan, S. Pellish, J. A. Marshall, C. J. Gaspard, N. J. Bennett, W. G. Zhang, E. X. Bhuva, B. L. TI Effectiveness of SEL Hardening Strategies and the Latchup Domino Effect SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop (REDW) is Part of the Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC) CY JUL 16-20, 2012 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Inc (IEEE) DE Guard ring; hardened by design; hardened by process; latchup spreading; latchup test structure; single event latchup; SOI; SRAM; triple well ID PARTICLE-INDUCED LATCHUP; LASER-INDUCED LATCHUP; SINGLE-EVENT LATCHUP; TRIPLE-WELL; CMOS TECHNOLOGY; SOI TECHNOLOGIES; PULSED-LASER; HEAVY-ION; BULK CMOS; DEVICES AB Heavy ion, neutron, and laser experimental data are used to evaluate the effectiveness of various single event latchup (SEL) hardening strategies, including silicon-on-insulator (SOI), triple well, and guard rings. Although SOI technology is widely reported to be immune to SEL, conventional pnpn latchup can occur and has been observed in non-dielectrically isolated SOI processes. Triple well technologies are shown to be more robust against SEL than dual well technologies under all conditions used in this study, suggesting that the introduction of a deep N-well is an excellent zero-area-penalty hardening strategy. A single guard ring is shown to be sufficient for SEL immunity in the 180 nm CMOS technology investigated, and is likely sufficient for more modern CMOS technologies. After triggering latchup in a certain pnpn region, latchup was observed to spread to neighboring pnpn regions, which then infected other more distant regions until it had spread over a total distance of 700 micrometers. We discuss the physical mechanism of this latchup domino effect and its implications for device characterization and hardness assurance. C1 [Dodds, N. A.; Hooten, N. C.; Reed, R. A.; Schrimpf, R. D.; Gaspard, N. J.; Bennett, W. G.; Zhang, E. X.; Bhuva, B. L.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. [Warner, J. H.; Roche, N. J. -H.; McMorrow, D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wen, S. -J.; Wong, R.] Cisco Syst Inc, San Jose, CA 95134 USA. [Salzman, J. F.] Texas Instruments Inc, Dallas, TX 75243 USA. [Jordan, S.] Jazz Semicond, Newport Beach, CA 92660 USA. [Pellish, J. A.; Marshall, C. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Dodds, NA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM nadodds@sandia.gov RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013 OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-08-1-0033, HDTRA1-08-1-0034]; DTRA Radiation Hardened Microelectronics Program under IACRO [09-4587I]; NASA Electronics Parts and Packaging Program; NASA Graduate Student Researchers Program; Jazz Semiconductor Aerospace and Defense Division FX Manuscript received July 13, 2012; revised September 19, 2012; accepted October 06, 2012. Date of current version December 11, 2012. This work was supported in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency under HDTRA1-08-1-0033 and HDTRA1-08-1-0034, in part by the DTRA Radiation Hardened Microelectronics Program under IACRO #09-4587I to NASA, in part by the NASA Electronics Parts and Packaging Program, in part by the NASA Graduate Student Researchers Program, and in part by the Jazz Semiconductor Aerospace and Defense Division. NR 48 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 17 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 59 IS 6 BP 2642 EP 2650 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2224374 PN 1 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 056JX UT WOS:000312486000002 ER PT J AU Ramachandran, V Reed, RA Schrimpf, RD McMorrow, D Boos, JB King, MP Zhang, EX Vizkelethy, G Shen, X Pantelides, ST AF Ramachandran, V. Reed, R. A. Schrimpf, R. D. McMorrow, D. Boos, J. Brad King, M. P. Zhang, E. X. Vizkelethy, G. Shen, X. Pantelides, S. T. TI Single-Event Transient Sensitivity of InAlSb/InAs/AlGaSb High Electron Mobility Transistors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop (REDW) is Part of the Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC) CY JUL 16-20, 2012 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Inc (IEEE) DE Collected charge; heterostructures; high electron mobility transistor; potential barrier lowering; single-event transient; TCAD simulation AB Experimental evidence confirming single-event transient generation from ion strikes directly into the drain region of an InAlSb/InAs/AlGaSb high electron mobility transistor is presented. A rectifying drain alloy-buffer layer interface is shown to be responsible for the generation of single-event transients far from the active regions of the device. Charge collection in these depletion-mode devices is maximum at threshold, decreasing in both depletion and accumulation. In depletion, direct recombination of radiation-generated electrons at the drain dominates charge collection. In accumulation, the electric field in the channel strongly influences charge collection. In threshold, both source-to-channel charge injection as well as the electric field in the channel are simultaneously high, resulting in more charge collection than depletion and accumulation. C1 [Ramachandran, V.; Reed, R. A.; Schrimpf, R. D.; King, M. P.; Zhang, E. X.; Pantelides, S. T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Reed, R. A.; Schrimpf, R. D.] Vanderbilt Univ, Inst Space & Def Elect, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [McMorrow, D.; Boos, J. Brad] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Vizkelethy, G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Shen, X.; Pantelides, S. T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RP Ramachandran, V (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM vishwa.ramachandran@vanderbilt.edu RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013 OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701 FU U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA); U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Manuscript received July 14, 2012; revised September 10, 2012 and September 21, 2012; accepted September 24, 2012. Date of current version December 11, 2012. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency's (DTRA) 6.1 Basic Materials Research Program.; The authors would also like to acknowledge Vanderbilt University's Advanced Computing Center for Research and Education supercomputing cluster on which all TCAD simulations were performed. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 27 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 59 IS 6 BP 2691 EP 2696 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2223716 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 056JX UT WOS:000312486000008 ER PT J AU Gadlage, MJ Kay, MJ Duncan, AR Savage, MW Ingalls, JD Cruz-Rodriguez, D Howard, A AF Gadlage, Matthew J. Kay, Matthew J. Duncan, Adam R. Savage, Mark W. Ingalls, J. David Cruz-Rodriguez, David Howard, Andrew TI Impact of Neutron-Induced Displacement Damage on the Multiple Bit Upset Sensitivity of a Bulk CMOS SRAM SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop (REDW) is Part of the Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC) CY JUL 16-20, 2012 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Inc (IEEE) DE Displacement damage; heavy ions; multiple-bit upset (MBU); neutrons; soft errors; sRAMs ID POTENTIAL MODULATION; CHARGE COLLECTION; 130 NM; TECHNOLOGY; WELL; TERRESTRIAL; MITIGATION; DEVICES AB Neutron irradiation of a multiple bit upset sensitive bulk CMOS SRAM prior to heavy ion exposure is shown to significantly increase the number of bits upset per event observed. The displacement damage induced by the neutron exposure prior to the single event experiment is shown to have little to no impact on the performance of the SRAM. However, the neutron fluence is able to induce small changes in the resistivity of the underlying silicon of the SRAM which leads to a large change in the multiple bit upset response. From the results of this experiment, critical insight into the mechanisms behind multiple bit upsets in bulk CMOS technologies is gained. C1 [Gadlage, Matthew J.; Kay, Matthew J.; Duncan, Adam R.; Savage, Mark W.; Ingalls, J. David; Cruz-Rodriguez, David; Howard, Andrew] NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA. RP Gadlage, MJ (reprint author), NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA. EM matthew.gadlage@navy.mil; matthew.kay@navy.mil; adam.duncan@navy.mil; mark.savage@navy.mil; james.d.ingalls@navy.mil; david.cruzro-driguez@navy.mil; andrew.howard2@navy.mil FU NSWC Crane FY12 Naval Innovative Science and Engineering (NISE/Section) [219] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the NSWC Crane FY12 Naval Innovative Science and Engineering (NISE/Section 219) program for support of this effort. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 59 IS 6 BP 2722 EP 2728 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2218617 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 056JX UT WOS:000312486000012 ER PT J AU Zanchi, A Buchner, S Hisano, S Wilson, A Hafer, C Kerwin, DB AF Zanchi, Alfio Buchner, Stephen Hisano, Shinichi Wilson, Anthony Hafer, Craig Kerwin, David B. TI A Comprehensive Methodology to Rate SETs of Complex Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuits Demonstrated on 16-bit A-to-D Converters SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop (REDW) is Part of the Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC) CY JUL 16-20, 2012 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Inc (IEEE) DE Analog single event transient (ASET); analog-to-digital converter (ADC); heavy-ion testing; pulsed laser; radiation hardness assurance; saturated cross-section; single event effect (SEE); single-photon absorption (SPA) ID SINGLE-EVENT TRANSIENTS; LASER AB 3-D histograms grading the frequency of occurrence of pulsed-laser and heavy-ion induced ASETs against their durations and amplitudes are collected and interpreted on both radiation-hardened and commercial 16-bit ADCs operated at 10 MSps. The histograms encompass traditional cross-section tabulations, modeled after digital upset scoring techniques based on counting events that exceed an arbitrary threshold; yet, they provide a more exhaustive alternative. This data representation technique offers an intuitive visual assessment of the circuit response to radiation, which helped us identify in heavy-ion test results the same trend of ASET width increase, peak decrease versus LET recently published for laser data. The method proposed in this work hinges on a database structure that allows for the definition of custom figures of merit, providing a comprehensive tool for rating radiation hardness in complex analog and mixed-signal circuits. C1 [Zanchi, Alfio; Hisano, Shinichi; Wilson, Anthony; Hafer, Craig; Kerwin, David B.] Aeroflex Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80907 USA. [Buchner, Stephen] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zanchi, A (reprint author), Aeroflex Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80907 USA. EM alfio.zanchi@aeroflex.com; stephen.buchner.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; shin.hisano@aeroflex.com; anthony.wilson@aeroflex.com; craig.hafer@aeroflex.com; david.kerwin@aeroflex.com FU DTRA RHM program FX The authors wish to thank F. Sievert, E. Karlson and M. Von Thun of Aeroflex Colorado Springs for their logistical assistance during the heavy ion test campaign. The skillful technical help of B. Hyman, V. Horvat and B. Roeder from the control room of the Texas A&M cyclotron was instrumental to complete the data collection in the short time allotted, and is also gratefully appreciated. Steve Buchner's contribution to this work was supported in part by the DTRA RHM program. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 59 IS 6 BP 2739 EP 2747 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2222926 PN 1 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 056JX UT WOS:000312486000014 ER PT J AU Roche, NJH Buchner, SP Dusseau, L Kruckmeyer, K Boch, J Warner, JH Saigne, F McMorrow, D Auriel, G Azais, B AF Roche, Nicolas J. -H. Buchner, Stephen. P. Dusseau, Laurent Kruckmeyer, Kurby Boch, Jerome Warner, Jeffrey H. Saigne, Frederic McMorrow, Dale Auriel, Gerard Azais, Bruno TI Correlation of Dynamic Parameter Modification and ASET Sensitivity in a Shunt Voltage Reference SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop (REDW) is Part of the Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC) CY JUL 16-20, 2012 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Inc (IEEE) DE Bipolar circuits; bipolar devices; single event effects; single event modeling; single event transients; transient analysis; transient propagation; transient response; trigger systems ID SINGLE-EVENT TRANSIENTS; LM124 OPERATIONAL-AMPLIFIER; INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS AB Analog Single Event Transients (ASETs) in two different shunt voltage references used in power management systems are investigated. Little has been published regarding how the dynamic parameter changes induced by external circuit design, such as time constant, damping coefficient or natural frequency affect ASET shapes. Modifications of the dynamic parameters of the circuit are measured by step response measurement. A correlation between dynamic parameters and ASET laser testing results is proposed. This study establishes the correlation between the dynamic parameters of a shunt voltage reference and ASET parameters such as pulse duration, and positive and negative amplitude. C1 [Roche, Nicolas J. -H.; Dusseau, Laurent; Boch, Jerome; Saigne, Frederic] Univ Montpellier 2, IES, CNRS, UMR 5214, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. [Roche, Nicolas J. -H.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Buchner, Stephen. P.; Warner, Jeffrey H.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kruckmeyer, Kurby] Texas Instruments Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95052 USA. [Auriel, Gerard] CEA GRAMAT, Comissariat Energie Atom & Energies Alternat, F-46500 Gramat, France. [Azais, Bruno] DGA, F-92221 Bagneux, France. RP Roche, NJH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM nicolas.roche@ies.univ-montp2.fr FU Direction Generale de l'Armement; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; U.S. Naval Research Laboratory; Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX Manuscript received July 11, 2012; revised September 07, 2012; accepted September 24, 2012. Date of publication November 26, 2012; date of current version December 11, 2012. This work was supported in part by the Direction Generale de l'Armement, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 59 IS 6 BP 2756 EP 2763 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2224127 PN 1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 056JX UT WOS:000312486000016 ER PT J AU Oldham, TR Friendlich, MR Wilcox, EP LaBel, KA Buchner, SP McMorrow, D Mavis, DG Eaton, PH Castillo, J AF Oldham, Timothy R. Friendlich, M. R. Wilcox, E. P. LaBel, K. A. Buchner, S. P. McMorrow, D. Mavis, D. G. Eaton, P. H. Castillo, J. TI Correlation of Laser Test Results With Heavy Ion Results for NAND Flash Memory SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop (REDW) is Part of the Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC) CY JUL 16-20, 2012 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Inc (IEEE) DE Radiation effects; Reliability; Flash memory; Nonvolatile memory; Lasers; reliability; Laser; NAND; nonvolatile memory; radiation effects AB Pulsed laser test results for NAND flash memories are compared with broad beam heavy ion results and also with heavy ion results obtained with the collimated Milli-Beam (TM) source. The pulsed laser measurements reported here, with smaller focused spot sizes and as a function of the incident pulse energy, serve to reconcile the previously reported inconsistencies. The Milli-Beam (TM) and pulsed laser results appear to be consistent, and differences from the broad beam heavy ion results can be explained. The results suggest that the high current SEFIs reported by us and others arise from multiple ion (or multiple photon) interactions, and are not associated with single ion strikes. C1 [Friendlich, M. R.; Wilcox, E. P.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, MEI Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Buchner, S. P.; McMorrow, D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mavis, D. G.; Castillo, J.] Micro RDC Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. [Eaton, P. H.] Micro RDC Corp, Colorado Springs, CO 80919 USA. EM tim-othy.r.oldham@nasa.gov FU NASA Electronic Parts and Packaging Program (NEPP); NASA Flight Projects; Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under IACRO [11-4395I]; NASA NEPP Program; DTRA Radiation Hardened Microelectronics Program FX This work was supported in part by part by the NASA Electronic Parts and Packaging Program (NEPP), NASA Flight Projects, and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under IACRO# 11-4395I.; The authors wish to thank their sponsors, the NASA NEPP Program (K. LaBel) and the DTRA Radiation Hardened Microelectronics Program (B. Wilson) for their support. They also wish to thank M. O'Bryan for technical assistance in preparing this manuscript and related presentation materials. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 59 IS 6 BP 2831 EP 2836 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2222046 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 056JX UT WOS:000312486000027 ER PT J AU Blaine, RW Atkinson, NM Kauppila, JS Armstrong, SE Hooten, NC Loveless, TD Warner, JH Holman, WT Massengill, LW AF Blaine, R. W. Atkinson, N. M. Kauppila, J. S. Armstrong, S. E. Hooten, N. C. Loveless, T. D. Warner, J. H. Holman, W. T. Massengill, L. W. TI Differential Charge Cancellation (DCC) Layout as an RHBD Technique for Bulk CMOS Differential Circuit Design SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop (REDW) is Part of the Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC) CY JUL 16-20, 2012 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Inc (IEEE) DE Layout; Transistors; Circuit synthesis; Transient analysis; Operational amplifiers; CMOS technology; single-event effects; Charge sharing; DCC; differential design; operational amplifier; RHBD ID 2-PHOTON ABSORPTION AB A novel RHBD technique utilizing charge sharing to mitigate single-event voltage transients in differential circuits is demonstrated experimentally. Differential charge cancellation (DCC) layout leverages the inherent common-mode rejection of differential circuits to mitigate voltage transients induced by ion strikes. A simple layout variation transforms normally single-ended error signals into common-mode signals that are mitigated by the differential signal path. This layout change maintains the matching achieved via a standard common-centroid layout but incurs negligible area penalty. DCC layouts can provide more than an order of magnitude reduction in sensitive area across a wide range of laser energies. Evidence is presented that suggests this hardening technique will be even more effective for angled strikes and smaller device geometries. C1 [Blaine, R. W.; Atkinson, N. M.; Kauppila, J. S.; Hooten, N. C.; Holman, W. T.; Massengill, L. W.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Blaine, R. W.] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Armstrong, S. E.] NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA. [Warner, J. H.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Blaine, RW (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. EM raymond.w.blaine@vanderbilt.edu; nick.atkinson@van-derbilt.edu; j.kauppila@vanderbilt.edu; sarah.armstrong@navy.mil; nicholas.c.hooten@vanderbilt.edu; Jeffrey.warner@nrl.navy.mil; tim.holman@vanderbilt.edu; lloyd.massengill@vanderbilt.edu RI Loveless, Thomas/G-9420-2011; Loveless, Thomas/C-7132-2016 FU DTRA Radiation Hardened Microelectronics [HDTRA1-09-C-0038]; Draper Laboratories under University RD Program FX This work was supported in part by the DTRA Radiation Hardened Microelectronics contract HDTRA1-09-C-0038 and Draper Laboratories under a 2011 University R&D Program. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 59 IS 6 BP 2867 EP 2871 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2222441 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 056JX UT WOS:000312486000032 ER PT J AU Foster, CC O'Neill, PM Reddell, BD Nguyen, KV Jones, BH Roche, NJM Warner, J Buchner, S AF Foster, Charles C. O'Neill, Patrick M. Reddell, Brandon D. Nguyen, Kyson V. Jones, Bailey. H. Roche, Nicolas Jean-Marie Warner, Jeffrey Buchner, Stephen TI Certification of Parts for Space With the Variable Depth Bragg Peak Method SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop (REDW) is Part of the Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC) CY JUL 16-20, 2012 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Inc (IEEE) DE Ions; Microelectronics; Certification; Silicon; Testing; Monitoring; Space technology; single event upset; Bragg peak; heavy ions; latchup AB The Variable Depth Bragg Peak (VDBP) method uses long-range high-energy heavy ions to measure the Single Event Effect (SEE) cross-section as a function of linear energy transfer (LET(Si)) for commercially packaged integrated circuits with sensitive volumes at unknown depths. This is done by lowering the energy of the ions incident on the device-under-test (DUT) in steps, by insertion of polyethylene degraders of increasing thickness, until the maximum event cross-section is observed, which indicates that ions with the highest average LET(Si) (at the peak of the Bragg Peak) are depositing energy in the sensitive volume. The present paper describes use of the VDBP method to test for single event latchup (SEL) in packaged parts that do and do not fail catastrophically and to certify a device by assuring that every depth in the packaged device is exposed to a fluence of ions with average LET(Si) values greater than a specified value, in this case 60 MeV/mg/cm(2). C1 [Foster, Charles C.] FCS LLC, University Pl, WA 98466 USA. [O'Neill, Patrick M.; Reddell, Brandon D.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Nguyen, Kyson V.; Jones, Bailey. H.] Jacobs Technol, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Roche, Nicolas Jean-Marie; Warner, Jeffrey; Buchner, Stephen] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Foster, CC (reprint author), FCS LLC, University Pl, WA 98466 USA. EM fosterchc@nventure.com; patrick.m.oneill@nasa.gov; brandon.d.red-dell@nasa.gov; kyson.v.nguyen@nasa.gov; bailey.h.jones@nasa.gov FU NASA/JSC; DTRA RHM program FX This work was supported in part by NASA/JSC and in part by the DTRA RHM program. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 59 IS 6 BP 2909 EP 2913 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2224126 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 056JX UT WOS:000312486000038 ER PT J AU Hughes, H Bussmann, K McMarr, PJ Cheng, SF Shull, R Chen, AP Schafer, S Mewes, T Ong, A Chen, E Mendenhall, MH Reed, RA AF Hughes, Harold Bussmann, Konrad McMarr, Patrick J. Cheng, Shu-Fan Shull, Robert Chen, Andrew P. Schaefer, Simon Mewes, Tim Ong, Adrian Chen, Eugene Mendenhall, Marcus H. Reed, Robert A. TI Radiation Studies of Spin-Transfer Torque Materials and Devices SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop (REDW) is Part of the Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC) CY JUL 16-20, 2012 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Inc (IEEE) DE Magnetic tunnel junction; nonvolatile memory; spin-transfer torque AB Spin-transfer torque film stacks and devices having in-plane magnetization were irradiated using a cobalt-60 gamma source. Samples were also exposed to 2 MeV and 220 MeV protons. Measurements of magnetization vs. field, ferromagnetic resonance, and tunnel magnetoresistance were performed on the film stacks before and after exposure to these sources and no changes were observed in the associated material properties. Spin-transfer torque devices were exposed to the same sources and show no changes in bit-state or write performance. C1 [Hughes, Harold; Bussmann, Konrad; McMarr, Patrick J.; Cheng, Shu-Fan] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Shull, Robert; Chen, Andrew P.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Schaefer, Simon; Mewes, Tim] Univ Alabama, Ctr Mat Informat Technol, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Ong, Adrian; Chen, Eugene] Grandis Inc, Milpitas, CA 95035 USA. [Mendenhall, Marcus H.; Reed, Robert A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37237 USA. RP Hughes, H (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM hughes@estd.nrl.navy.mil; bussmann@nrl.navy.mil; mcmarr@nrl.navy.mil; Cheng@nrl.navy.mil; robert.shull@nist.gov; an-drew.chen@nist.gov; ss-chafer@ua.edu; tmewes@ua.edu; adrian.ong@grandisinc.com; eugene.chen@grandisinc.com; marcus.h.mendenhall@Vanderbilt.edu; robert.reed@Vanderbilt.edu RI Mewes, Tim/B-4796-2009; Shull, Robert/F-5971-2013 OI Mewes, Tim/0000-0001-6166-9427; FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency under MIPR [11-2870M]; Microsystems Technology Office, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency under MIPR 11-2870M and the Microsystems Technology Office, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 18 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 59 IS 6 BP 3027 EP 3033 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2223487 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 056JX UT WOS:000312486000055 ER PT J AU Cress, CD Champlain, JG Esqueda, IS Robinson, JT Friedman, AL McMorrow, JJ AF Cress, Cory D. Champlain, James G. Esqueda, Ivan S. Robinson, Jeremy T. Friedman, Adam L. McMorrow, Julian J. TI Total Ionizing Dose Induced Charge Carrier Scattering in Graphene Devices SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop (REDW) is Part of the Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC) CY JUL 16-20, 2012 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Inc (IEEE) DE Carbon nanoelectronics; charge scattering; graphene; mobility degradation; radiation effects; TID; total ionizing dose ID CMOS INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS; RADIATION-INDUCED DAMAGE; ACTIVATION-ENERGIES; ELECTRON-MOBILITY; TRANSISTORS; HYSTERESIS; TRANSPORT; HOLE; SIO2 AB We investigate total ionizing dose effects in (TID) graphene field effect transistors comprised of chemical vapor deposition grown graphene transferred onto trimethylsiloxy(TMS)-passivated SiO2Si substrates. TID exposure with a positive gate bias increases the concentration of positive oxide trapped charges near the SiO2/TMS/graphene interface making Coulomb-potential scatterer limited mobility more apparent. In particular, we observe asymmetric degradation in electron and hole mobility, the former degrading more rapidly. Consistent with the electron-hole puddle description, we observe an increase in intrinsic electron carrier density that varies linearly with the oxide trapped charge density, while the hole carrier density remains largely unaltered. These effects give rise to an increasing minimum conductivity. C1 [Cress, Cory D.; Champlain, James G.; Robinson, Jeremy T.; Friedman, Adam L.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Esqueda, Ivan S.] Univ So Calif, Inst Informat Sci, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [McMorrow, Julian J.] Sotera Def Solut, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Cress, CD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM carbon.nanoelectronics@nrl.navy.mil; isanchez@isi.edu RI Friedman, Adam/D-9610-2011; Robinson, Jeremy/F-2748-2010; OI Friedman, Adam/0000-0003-0597-5432; Cress, Cory/0000-0001-7563-6693 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX This work was supported in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency. NR 35 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 26 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 59 IS 6 BP 3045 EP 3053 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2221479 PN 1 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 056JX UT WOS:000312486000058 ER PT J AU Weaver, BD Martin, PA Boos, JB Cress, CD AF Weaver, B. D. Martin, P. A. Boos, J. B. Cress, C. D. TI Displacement Damage Effects in AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop (REDW) is Part of the Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC) CY JUL 16-20, 2012 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Inc (IEEE) DE Displacement damage; gallium nitride; high electron mobility transistors; proton irradiation ID ENERGY PROTON IRRADIATION; HEMTS; DEGRADATION; DEPENDENCE; BEHAVIOR AB We present the results of a radiation damage experiment on AlxGa1-xN/GaN high electron mobility transistors. The basic mechanism underlying the observed high radiation tolerance appears to be a strong internal piezoelectric field near the two-dimensional electron gas that causes scattered carriers to be reinjected. C1 [Weaver, B. D.; Boos, J. B.; Cress, C. D.] USN, Res Lab NRL, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Martin, P. A.] USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87801 USA. [Martin, P. A.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RP Weaver, BD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab NRL, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM bradley.weaver@nrl.navy.mil OI Cress, Cory/0000-0001-7563-6693 FU Office of Naval Resarch; Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Resarch and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. NR 18 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 17 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 59 IS 6 BP 3077 EP 3080 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2224371 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 056JX UT WOS:000312486000062 ER PT J AU Davis, JA Ganesan, K Alves, ADC Guatelli, S Petasecca, M Livingstone, J Lerch, MLF Prokopovich, DA Reinhard, MI Siegele, RN Prawer, S Jamieson, D Kuncic, Z Pisacane, VL Dicello, JF Ziegler, J Zaider, M Rosenfeld, AB AF Davis, Jeremy A. Ganesan, Kumaravelu Alves, Andrew D. C. Guatelli, Susanna Petasecca, Marco Livingstone, Jayde Lerch, Michael L. F. Prokopovich, Dale A. Reinhard, Mark I. Siegele, Rainer N. Prawer, Steven Jamieson, David Kuncic, Zdenka Pisacane, Vincent L. Dicello, John F. Ziegler, James Zaider, Marco Rosenfeld, Anatoly B. TI Characterization of a Novel Diamond-Based Microdosimeter Prototype for Radioprotection Applications in Space Environments SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop (REDW) is Part of the Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC) CY JUL 16-20, 2012 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Inc (IEEE) DE Diamond; microdosimetry; radiation protection; space radiation environment ID DETECTORS; PHYSICS AB This paper is dedicated to the characterization of a novel diamond microdosimeter prototype with 3D sensitive volumes produced by high energy boron implantation. Diamond has been chosen in order to further improve solid state based microdosimeter in terms of radiation hardness and tissue equivalency. IBIC measurements were undertaken to determine the charge collection efficiency map of the device. It was demonstrated that the proposed ion implantation technology allows for the formation of an array of well defined 3D SVs. A Geant4 application was developed to explain the effect of Al electrode thickness on observed anomaly in deposited energy. Specifics of the results and an update on the current status of the project is presented. C1 [Davis, Jeremy A.; Guatelli, Susanna; Petasecca, Marco; Livingstone, Jayde; Lerch, Michael L. F.; Rosenfeld, Anatoly B.] Univ Wollongong, Ctr Med Radiat Phys, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia. [Ganesan, Kumaravelu; Alves, Andrew D. C.; Prawer, Steven; Jamieson, David] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic 3121, Australia. [Prokopovich, Dale A.; Reinhard, Mark I.; Siegele, Rainer N.] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia. [Kuncic, Zdenka] Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Pisacane, Vincent L.; Dicello, John F.; Ziegler, James] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Zaider, Marco] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Med Phys, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Davis, JA (reprint author), Univ Wollongong, Ctr Med Radiat Phys, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia. EM jad028@uow.edu.au; kganesan@unimelb.edu.au; alves.andrewdavidcharles@gmail.com; susanna@uow.edu.au; marcop@uow.edu.au; jl883@uow.edu.au; mlerch@uow.edu.au; dale.prokopovich@ansto.gov.au; mark.rein-hard@ansto.gov.au; rainer.siegele@ansto.gov.au; s.prawer@unimelb.edu.au; d.jamieson@unimelb.edu.au; zdenka.kuncic@sydney.edu.au; vin-cepisacane@gmail.com; diceljo@verizon.net; ziegler@SRIM.org; zaiderm@mskcc.org; anatoly@uow.edu.au RI Kuncic, Zdenka/B-4464-2008; Ganesan, Kumaravelu/D-5274-2009; Guatelli, Susanna/C-2896-2014; Lerch, Michael/C-3303-2014; Petasecca, Marco/C-6436-2014; Rosenfeld, Anatoly/D-1989-2014; OI Ganesan, Kumaravelu/0000-0001-8976-5218; Petasecca, Marco/0000-0001-5958-7457; Lerch, Michael/0000-0002-2406-9972; PRAWER, STEVEN/0000-0002-4959-0828; Zaider, Marco/0000-0002-5113-7862; Jamieson, David/0000-0001-7733-6715 FU Australian Research Council [DP1096600, 1096600]; National Space and Biomedical Research Institute, USA; National Space Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI), USA FX This work was supported in part by the Australian Research Council (DP1096600) and the National Space and Biomedical Research Institute, USA, and in part by Australian Research Council Discovery Grant ID 1096600 and in part by a grant from the National Space Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI), USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 23 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 59 IS 6 BP 3110 EP 3116 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2218131 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 056JX UT WOS:000312486000067 ER PT J AU Inguimbert, C Messenger, S AF Inguimbert, Christophe Messenger, Scott TI Equivalent Displacement Damage Dose for On-Orbit Space Applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop (REDW) is Part of the Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC) CY JUL 16-20, 2012 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Inc (IEEE) DE Displacement damages; non-ionizing dose; non-ionizing energy loss (NIEL); solar cells; space environment ID SOLAR-CELL DEGRADATION; PROTON FLUENCE MODEL; SILICON DEVICES; RADIATION AB The calculation of the displacement damage dose (DDD) in a material is not often as straightforward as simply combining the particle fluence and the nonionizing energy loss (NIEL) but often requires a consideration of the degradation parametrics of a particular microelectronic device. This paper defines an Equivalent Displacement Damage Dose (EDDD) which is more representative of the degradation of the device. Displacement damage radiation effects in solar cells will be used to illustrate the model. C1 [Inguimbert, Christophe] ONERA DESP, F-31055 Toulouse, France. [Messenger, Scott] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Inguimbert, C (reprint author), ONERA DESP, 2 Ave E Belin, F-31055 Toulouse, France. EM christophe.inguimbert@onera.fr; scott.messenger@nrl.navy.mil NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 18 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 59 IS 6 BP 3117 EP 3125 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2221477 PN 1 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 056JX UT WOS:000312486000068 ER PT J AU Livingstone, J Prokopovich, DA Lerch, MLF Petasecca, M Reinhard, MI Yasuda, H Zaider, M Ziegler, JF Pisacane, VL Dicello, JF Perevertaylo, VL Rosenfeld, AB AF Livingstone, Jayde Prokopovich, Dale A. Lerch, Michael L. F. Petasecca, Marco Reinhard, Mark I. Yasuda, Hiroshi Zaider, Marco Ziegler, James F. Pisacane, Vincent L. Dicello, John F. Perevertaylo, Vladimir L. Rosenfeld, Anatoly B. TI Large Area Silicon Microdosimeter for Dosimetry in High LET Space Radiation Fields: Charge Collection Study SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop (REDW) is Part of the Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC) CY JUL 16-20, 2012 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Inc (IEEE) DE Heavy ion therapy; ion beams; microdosimetry; silicon-on-insulator (SOI); space radiation ID SOLID-STATE MICRODOSIMETRY; HEAVY-ION MICROPROBE; PROTON THERAPY; FABRICATION AB Silicon microdosimeters for the characterisation of mixed radiation fields relevant to the space radiation environment have been under continual development at the Centre for Medical Radiation Physics for over a decade. These devices are useful for the prediction of single event upsets in microelectronics and for radiation protection of spacecraft crew. The latest development in silicon microdosimetry is a family of large-area n-SOI microdosimeters for real-time dosimetry in space radiation environments. The response of n-SOI microdosimeters to 2 MeV H and 5.5 MeV He ions has been studied to investigate their charge collection characteristics. The studies have confirmed 100% yield of functioning cells, but have also revealed a charge sharing effect due to diffusion of charge from events occurring outside the sensitive volume and an enhanced energy response due to the collection of charge created beneath the insulating layer. The use of a veto electrode aims to reduce collection of diffused charge. The effectiveness of the veto electrode has been studied via a coincidence analysis using IBIC. It has been shown that suppression of the shared events allows results in a better defined sensitive volume corresponding to the region under the core electrode where the electric field is strongest. C1 [Livingstone, Jayde; Lerch, Michael L. F.; Petasecca, Marco; Rosenfeld, Anatoly B.] Univ Wollongong, Ctr Med Radiat Phys, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia. [Prokopovich, Dale A.; Reinhard, Mark I.] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Inst Mat Engn, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia. [Yasuda, Hiroshi] Natl Inst Radiol Sci, Inage Ku, Chiba 2638555, Japan. [Zaider, Marco] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Med Phys, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Ziegler, James F.; Pisacane, Vincent L.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Dicello, John F.] Loma Linda Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Med, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA. [Perevertaylo, Vladimir L.] SPA BIT, Kiev, Ukraine. RP Livingstone, J (reprint author), Univ Wollongong, Ctr Med Radiat Phys, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia. EM jl883@uowmail.edu.au; dpr@ansto.gov.au; mlerch@uow.edu; marcop@uow.edu.au; mrz@ansto.gov.au; h.yasuda@nirs.go.jp; Ziegler@SRIM.org; anatoly@uow.edu.au RI Petasecca, Marco/C-6436-2014; Rosenfeld, Anatoly/D-1989-2014; Lerch, Michael/C-3303-2014; OI Lerch, Michael/0000-0002-2406-9972; Zaider, Marco/0000-0002-5113-7862; Petasecca, Marco/0000-0001-5958-7457 FU Australian Research Council [DP1096600]; National Space and Biomedical Research Institute; Australian Institute of Nuclear Science and Engineering (AINSE) FX This work was supported by the Australian Research Council (DP1096600) and the National Space and Biomedical Research Institute. J. Livingstone would like to acknowledge the support of the Australian Institute of Nuclear Science and Engineering (AINSE). NR 26 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 59 IS 6 BP 3126 EP 3132 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2219069 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 056JX UT WOS:000312486000069 ER PT J AU Bhattacharjea, R Durgin, GD Anderson, CR AF Bhattacharjea, R. Durgin, G. D. Anderson, C. R. TI Estimation of Rician K-Factors from Block-Averaged Channel Measurements SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Rician channels ID AMPLITUDE STATISTICS; PROPAGATION AB Using simulated data with varying Rician K-factor, averaging block length (N), and sample size (P), this letter proposes and validates two new moment-based, unbiased estimators for block-averaged Rician data and presents a model for their standard errors. One estimator, (K) over cap (1,2), has standard error that varies linearly with K and requires iterative calculation. The other estimator, (K) over cap (2,4), has standard error that can be orders of magnitude larger than the estimates, but has a closed-form solution. (K) over cap (2,4) can, however, be recommended when (N <= 16, P >= 100) if real-time constraints require it. (K) over cap (1,2) is recommended otherwise. C1 [Bhattacharjea, R.; Anderson, C. R.] USN Acad, Wireless Measurements Grp, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Bhattacharjea, R.; Durgin, G. D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Bhattacharjea, R (reprint author), USN Acad, Wireless Measurements Grp, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM raj.b@gatech.edu; durgin@ece.gatech.edu; canderso@usna.edu NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 16 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1536-1276 J9 IEEE T WIREL COMMUN JI IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 11 IS 12 BP 4231 EP 4236 DI 10.1109/TWC.2012.092712.111130 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 061GQ UT WOS:000312836900002 ER PT J AU Tan, XL Zhang, GP Yin, H Reed, AH Furukawa, Y AF Tan, Xiao-ling Zhang, Guo-ping Yin, Hang Reed, Allen H. Furukawa, Yoko TI Characterization of particle size and settling velocity of cohesive sediments affected by a neutral exopolymer SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SEDIMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Clay; Exopolymer; Flocculation; Fractal dimension; Particle size; Settling velocity ID FRACTAL STRUCTURE; GUAR GUM; CLAY; FLOCCULATION; POLYSACCHARIDES; DENSITY; FLOCS; SUSPENSIONS; POROSITY; SORPTION AB In natural waters, exopolymers or extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) exuded by microorganisms interact with clay particles, resulting in the flocculation of clays and hence alteration to the properties of suspended cohesive sediments. To investigate and further understand how neutral EPS affect cohesive sediment transport and the final sediment yield, an experimental study was conducted on laboratory-prepared clay and guar gum (used as an analog for neutral EPS) suspensions to characterize EPS-induced flocculation and the settling velocity of resultant flocs. Four different clays consisting of kaolinite, illite, Ca-montmorillonite, and Na-montmorillonite were studied to examine the influence of different layer charges on clay flocculation induced by neutral EPS. Floc size was determined by a laser particle size analyzer, and settling velocity estimated by analyzing the time-series floc settling images captured by an optical microscope. Results indicate that neutral EPS promote clay-EPS flocculation for all four clays with the particle/floc size significantly increased from similar to 0.1-60 mu m to as large as similar to 600 mu m. Clays' layer charge has a profound influence on the clayEPS flocculation. With the same floc size, the settling velocity of clay-EPS flocs is typically smaller than that of pure clay flocs, which is attributed to the reduced density of flocs caused by the EPS. However, for flocs of the same composition (e.g. pure clay or hybrid clay-EPS mixture), the settling velocity increases with size. The fractal dimension of these clay-EPS flocs estimated from settling velocity ranges from 1.39 to 1.47, which are smaller than that of pure clay flocs, indicating that these flocs are less compacted than the pure clay flocs. C1 [Tan, Xiao-ling; Zhang, Guo-ping; Yin, Hang] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Furukawa, Yoko] USN, Res Lab, Seafloor Sci Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Zhang, GP (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM gzhang@alum.mit.edu RI Furukawa, Yoko/B-3099-2013 FU Office of Naval Research through Naval Research Laboratory, NRL ARI "Biogeochemical Influences on Cohesive Sediment Strength in Marine and Estuarine Environments [N00173-10-1-G013, 061153N]; Louisiana Board of Regents Enhancement Program; LSU Graduate School Supplement Award FX This work was partially supported by the Office of Naval Research through Naval Research Laboratory base funding under Award No. N00173-10-1-G013 as part of the NRL ARI "Biogeochemical Influences on Cohesive Sediment Strength in Marine and Estuarine Environments (PE No. 061153N)". The facilities used in this study were purchased using the fund from the Louisiana Board of Regents Enhancement Program. X. Tan and H. Yin received partial support from the LSU Graduate School Supplement Award. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 37 PU IRTCES PI BEIJING PA PO BOX 366, BEIJING, 100044, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1001-6279 J9 INT J SEDIMENT RES JI Int. J. Sediment Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 27 IS 4 BP 473 EP 485 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 062BT UT WOS:000312894800006 ER PT J AU Wang, XD Chu, PC Han, GJ Li, W Zhang, XF Li, D AF Wang, Xidong Chu, Peter C. Han, Guijun Li, Wei Zhang, Xuefeng Li, Dong TI A Fully Conserved Minimal Adjustment Scheme with (T, S) Coherency for Stabilization of Hydrographic Profiles SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASSIMILATION SYSTEM MODAS; MODULAR OCEAN DATA; CIRCULATION; MODELS AB A new, fully conserved minimal adjustment scheme with temperature and salinity (T, S) coherency is presented for eliminating false static instability generated from analyzing and assimilating stable ocean (T, S) profiles data, that is, from generalized averaging over purely observed data (data analysis) or over modeled/observed data (data assimilation). This approach consists of a variational method with (a) fully (heat, salt, and potential energy) conserved conditions, (b) minimal adjustment, and (c) (T, S) coherency. Comparison with three existing schemes (minimal adjustment, conserved minimal adjustment, and convective adjustment) using observational profiles and a simple one-dimensional ocean mixed layer model shows the superiority of this new scheme. C1 [Wang, Xidong; Han, Guijun; Li, Wei; Zhang, Xuefeng; Li, Dong] Natl Marine Data & Informat Serv, State Ocean Adm, Key Lab Marine Environm Informat Technol, Tianjin, Peoples R China. [Chu, Peter C.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Naval Ocean Anal & Predict Lab, Monterey, CA USA. RP Han, GJ (reprint author), 93 Liuwei Rd, Tianjin 300171, Peoples R China. EM cora@mail.nmdis.gov.cn FU Science and Technology Support Key Project Plan of China [41030854, 41176003, 41106005, 40906015, 40906016, 2011BAC03B02]; Naval Oceanographic Office; National Natural Science Foundation FX This study is jointly supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation and Science and Technology Support Key Project Plan of China (Grants 41030854, 41176003, 41106005, 40906015, 40906016, and 2011BAC03B02). PCC is sponsored by the Naval Oceanographic Office. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 29 IS 12 BP 1854 EP 1865 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00025.1 PG 12 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 063EO UT WOS:000312979200013 ER PT J AU Blackbourne, LH Baer, DG Eastridge, BJ Renz, EM Chung, KK DuBose, J Wenke, JC Cap, AP Biever, KA Mabry, RL Bailey, J Maani, CV Bebarta, V Rasmussen, TE Fang, R Morrison, J Midwinter, MJ Cestero, RF Holcomb, JB AF Blackbourne, Lorne H. Baer, David G. Eastridge, Brian J. Renz, Evan M. Chung, Kevin K. DuBose, Joseph Wenke, Joseph C. Cap, Andrew P. Biever, Kimberlie A. Mabry, Robert L. Bailey, Jeffrey Maani, Christopher V. Bebarta, Vikhyat Rasmussen, Todd E. Fang, Raymond Morrison, Jonathan Midwinter, Mark J. Cestero, Ramon F. Holcomb, John B. TI Military medical revolution: Deployed hospital and en route care SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND ACUTE CARE SURGERY LA English DT Review ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; OPERATION IRAQI-FREEDOM; PRESSURE WOUND THERAPY; ENDOVASCULAR BALLOON OCCLUSION; BLOOD-TRANSFUSIONS STRATEGIES; EXTREMITY VASCULAR INJURY; RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY; DAMAGE CONTROL SURGERY; ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY; LAST 60 YEARS C1 [Blackbourne, Lorne H.; Baer, David G.; Eastridge, Brian J.; Renz, Evan M.; Chung, Kevin K.; Wenke, Joseph C.; Cap, Andrew P.; Biever, Kimberlie A.; Mabry, Robert L.; Bailey, Jeffrey; Maani, Christopher V.; Rasmussen, Todd E.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Bebarta, Vikhyat] Brooke Army Med Ctr, MEDCOM, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Cestero, Ramon F.] USN, Naval Med Res Unit San Antonio, San Antonio, TX USA. [Holcomb, John B.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Houston, TX USA. [DuBose, Joseph] Univ Maryland, Med Ctr, Baltimore Ctr Sustainment Trauma & Readiness Skil, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Fang, Raymond] USAF, Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Landstuhl, Germany. [Morrison, Jonathan; Midwinter, Mark J.] Royal Ctr Def Med, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. RP Blackbourne, LH (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM lorne.h.blackbourne@us.army.mil RI Bailey, John/L-1925-2013; Midwinter, Mark/P-6264-2015; bebarta, vikhyat/K-3476-2015; OI Midwinter, Mark/0000-0003-1836-7137; Morrison, Jonathan/0000-0001-7462-8456 NR 91 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 12 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 2163-0755 EI 2163-0763 J9 J TRAUMA ACUTE CARE JI J. Trauma Acute Care Surg. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 73 SU 5 BP S378 EP S387 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e3182754900 PG 10 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 056QT UT WOS:000312506900003 PM 23192059 ER PT J AU Rentas, F Lincoln, D Harding, A Maas, P Giglio, J Fryar, R Elder, K Fahie, R Whitlock, K Vinluan, J Gonzales, R AF Rentas, Francisco Lincoln, David Harding, Aaron Maas, Peter Giglio, Joseph Fryar, Ronny Elder, Kathleen Fahie, Roland Whitlock, Kathleen Vinluan, Jerome Gonzales, Richard TI The Armed Services Blood Program: Blood support to combat casualty care 2001 to 2011 SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND ACUTE CARE SURGERY LA English DT Article DE Armed Services; combat; transfusion; blood components ID I TRAUMA CENTER; CELL STORAGE; SEVERE INJURY; STORED-BLOOD; OLD BLOOD; DEATHS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; TRANSFUSION; MORTALITY; RESUSCITATION AB BACKGROUND: The Armed Services Blood Program (ASBP) provides the farthest-reaching blood supply in the world. This article provides statistics and a review of blood operations in support of combat casualty care during the last 10 years. It also outlines changes in blood doctrine in support of combat casualty care. METHODS: This is a descriptive overview and review of blood product use and transfusions used by ASBP personnel to support combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan between October 2001 and November 2011. RESULTS: The ASBP initiated major changes in blood availability and age of blood in theater. In support of data published by physicians in theater, showing improved patient survival when a higher ratio of fresh frozen plasma and red blood cells (RBCs) is achieved, plus the use of platelets, the ASBP increased availability of plasma and established platelet collection facilities in theater. New capabilities included emergency collection of apheresis platelets in the battlefield, availability and transfusion of deglycerolized red cells, rapid diagnostic donor screening, and a new modular blood detachment. Forward surgical facilities that were at one time limited to a blood inventory consisting of RBCs now have a complete arsenal of products at their fingertips that may include fresher RBCs, fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate, and platelets. A number of clinical practice guidelines are in place to address these processes. Changes in blood doctrine were made to support new combat casualty care and damage-control resuscitation initiatives. CONCLUSION: Despite the challenges of war in two theaters of operation, a number of improvements and changes to blood policy have been developed during the last 10 years to support combat casualty care. The nature of medical care in combat operations will continue to be dynamic and constantly evolving. The ASBP needs to be prepared to meet future challenges. (J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012;73: S472-S478. Copyright (C) 2012 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins) C1 [Rentas, Francisco; Lincoln, David; Harding, Aaron; Maas, Peter] Armed Serv Blood Program Off, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. [Fryar, Ronny; Elder, Kathleen] Army Blood Program, Falls Church, VA USA. [Fahie, Roland; Whitlock, Kathleen] USN, Blood Program, Washington, DC USA. [Vinluan, Jerome] Armed Serv Whole Blood Proc Lab, Mcguire AFB, NJ USA. [Gonzales, Richard] USA, Med Mat Dev Act, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Rentas, F (reprint author), Armed Serv Blood Program Off, 5109 Leesburg Pike,Suite 698, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. EM frank.rentas@us.army.mil NR 32 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 2163-0755 EI 2163-0763 J9 J TRAUMA ACUTE CARE JI J. Trauma Acute Care Surg. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 73 SU 5 BP S472 EP S478 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e31827546e4 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 056QT UT WOS:000312506900016 PM 23192072 ER PT J AU Thorson, CM Dubose, JJ Rhee, P Knuth, TE Dorlac, WC Bailey, JA Garcia, GD Ryan, ML Van Haren, RM Proctor, KG AF Thorson, Chad M. Dubose, Joseph J. Rhee, Peter Knuth, Thomas E. Dorlac, Warren C. Bailey, Jeffrey A. Garcia, George D. Ryan, Mark L. Van Haren, Robert M. Proctor, Kenneth G. TI Military trauma training at civilian centers: A decade of advancements SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND ACUTE CARE SURGERY LA English DT Article DE Army; Navy; Air Force; combat casualty care; trauma training ID OPERATION-ENDURING-FREEDOM; SURGICAL-TEAMS; COMBAT CASUALTIES; IRAQI FREEDOM; MASS CASUALTY; US ARMY; AFGHANISTAN; EXPERIENCE; BATTLEFIELD; READINESS AB In the late 1990s, a Department of Defense subcommittee screened more than 100 civilian trauma centers according to the number of admissions, percentage of penetrating trauma, and institutional interest in relation to the specific training missions of each of the three service branches. By the end of 2001, the Army started a program at University of Miami/Ryder Trauma Center, the Navy began a similar program at University of Southern California/Los Angeles County Medical Center, and the Air Force initiated three Centers for the Sustainment of Trauma and Readiness Skills (C-STARS) at busy academic medical centers: R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center at the University of Maryland (C-STARS Baltimore), Saint Louis University (C-STARS St. Louis), and The University Hospital/University of Cincinnati (C-STARS Cincinnati). Each center focuses on three key areas, didactic training, state-of-the-art simulation and expeditionary equipment training, as well as actual clinical experience in the acute management of trauma patients. Each is integral to delivering lifesaving combat casualty care in theater. Initially, there were growing pains and the struggle to develop an effective curriculum in a short period. With the foresight of each trauma training center director and a dynamic exchange of information with civilian trauma leaders and frontline war fighters, there has been a continuous evolution and improvement of each center's curriculum. Now, it is clear that the longest military conflict in US history and the first of the 21st century has led to numerous innovations in cutting edge trauma training on a comprehensive array of topics. This report provides an overview of the decade-long evolutionary process in providing the highest-quality medical care for our injured heroes. (J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012;73: S483-S489. Copyright (C) 2012 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins) C1 [Proctor, Kenneth G.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Ryder Trauma Ctr, Dewitt Daughtry Family Dept Surg,Div Trauma, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Knuth, Thomas E.; Garcia, George D.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Army Trauma Training Ctr, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Dubose, Joseph J.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Shock Trauma, AF Ctr Sustainment Trauma & Readiness Skills, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Rhee, Peter] USN, Trauma Training Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Dorlac, Warren C.] Ctr Sustainment Trauma & Readiness Skills Cincinn, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Bailey, Jeffrey A.] St Louis Univ, Ctr Sustainment Trauma & Readiness Skills St Loui, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. RP Proctor, KG (reprint author), Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Ryder Trauma Ctr, Dewitt Daughtry Family Dept Surg,Div Trauma, 1800 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL 33136 USA. EM kproctor@miami.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N140610670]; US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command [09078015] FX This study was supported in part by grant #N140610670 from the Office of Naval Research and by grant #09078015 from US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command. NR 20 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 2163-0755 EI 2163-0763 J9 J TRAUMA ACUTE CARE JI J. Trauma Acute Care Surg. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 73 SU 5 BP S483 EP S489 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e31827546fb PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 056QT UT WOS:000312506900018 PM 23192074 ER PT J AU Jacobson, IG Horton, JL LeardMann, CA Ryan, MA Boyko, EJ Wells, TS Smith, B Smith, TC AF Jacobson, Isabel G. Horton, Jaime L. LeardMann, Cynthia A. Ryan, Margaret A. K. Boyko, Edward J. Wells, Timothy S. Smith, Besa Smith, Tyler C. TI Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Among U.S. Military Health Care Professionals Deployed in Support of Operations in Iraq and Afghanistan SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS LA English DT Article ID MILLENNIUM COHORT; MENTAL-HEALTH; COMBAT DEPLOYMENT; PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES; SERVICE MEMBERS; PTSD CHECKLIST; EXPOSURES; RISK; WAR; PREVALENCE AB Limited prospective studies exist that evaluate the mental health status of military health care professionals who have deployed. This study used prospective data from the Millennium Cohort Study with longitudinal analysis techniques to examine whether health care professionals deployed in support of the operations in Iraq and Afghanistan were more likely to screen positive for new-onset posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or depression after deployment than individuals from other occupations. Of 65,108 subjects included, 9,371 (14.4%) reported working as health care professionals. The rates of new positive screens for PTSD or depression were similar for those in health care occupations (4.7% and 4.3%) compared with those in other occupations (4.6% and 3.9%) for the first and second follow-up, respectively. Among military personnel deployed with combat experience, health care professionals did not have increased odds for new-onset PTSD or depression over time. Among deployed health care professionals, combat experience significantly increased the odds: adjusted odds ratio = 2.01; 95% confidence interval [1.06, 3.83] for new-onset PTSD or depression. These results suggest that combat experience, not features specific to being a health care professional, was the key exposure explaining the development of these outcomes. C1 [Jacobson, Isabel G.; Horton, Jaime L.; LeardMann, Cynthia A.; Wells, Timothy S.; Smith, Besa; Smith, Tyler C.] USN, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Ryan, Margaret A. K.] USN Hosp, Camp Pendleton, CA USA. [Boyko, Edward J.] Dept Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. RP Jacobson, IG (reprint author), USN, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM isabel.jacobson@med.navy.mil NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-9867 J9 J TRAUMA STRESS JI J. Trauma Stress PD DEC PY 2012 VL 25 IS 6 BP 616 EP 623 DI 10.1002/jts.21753 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 051TW UT WOS:000312151400002 PM 23184886 ER PT J AU Springborg, R AF Springborg, Robert TI The Rise and Fall of Arab Presidents for Life SO MIDDLE EAST POLICY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Springborg, Robert] USN, Postgrad Sch, Arlington Cty, TX USA. RP Springborg, R (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Arlington Cty, TX USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1061-1924 J9 MIDDLE EAST POLICY JI Middle East Policy PD WIN PY 2012 VL 19 IS 4 BP 165 EP 168 PG 4 WC Area Studies; International Relations SC Area Studies; International Relations GA 053UH UT WOS:000312299200017 ER PT J AU Handler, RA Savelyev, I Lindsey, M AF Handler, Robert A. Savelyev, Ivan Lindsey, Michael TI Infrared imagery of streak formation in a breaking wave SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID TURBULENT-BOUNDARY-LAYER; LANGMUIR CIRCULATION; SURFACE; VORTICES AB High resolution infrared imagery of breaking waves in a wave-tank free of wind shear or current reveals the production of a "streaky," quasi-periodic thermal pattern produced during the breaking process. The streaks, or elongated patterns of warm and cold fluid, are found to form only when surface turbulence is present before wave breaking occurs. This suggests that wave-turbulence interaction is one mechanism that can lead to streak formation in breaking wave systems. More specifically, the streaky structures observed in these experiments may be caused by an intense, rapid tilting, and stretching of pre-existing vertical vorticity by the Stokes drift generated at or near the breaking wave crests, thereby generating a coherent system of counter-rotating vortices. We attempt to relate our observations to the recent theory of Teixeira and Belcher [J. Fluid Mech. 458, 229-267 (2002)]. Some properties of the streaks, such as the dependence of their lifetimes and spanwise scale on wave amplitude, are presented. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4769459] C1 [Handler, Robert A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Savelyev, Ivan] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lindsey, Michael] Stanford Univ, Palo Alto, CA 94305 USA. RP Handler, RA (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM rhandler@tamu.edu FU Office of Naval Research through the Fluid Dynamics Task Area of the Naval Research Laboratory FX The authors acknowledge the support of the Office of Naval Research through the Fluid Dynamics Task Area of the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD DEC PY 2012 VL 24 IS 12 AR 121701 DI 10.1063/1.4769459 PG 7 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 061FL UT WOS:000312833500003 ER PT J AU Beattie, JC Elsberry, RL AF Beattie, Jodi C. Elsberry, Russell L. TI Western North Pacific Monsoon Depression Formation SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article ID VARYING BASIC FLOW; WAVE-ACTIVITY FLUX; TROPICAL CYCLOGENESIS; ROSSBY WAVES; FORMULATION; STATIONARY; SURGES; WINTER; OCEAN AB Relatively few studies have been carried out as to the conditions leading to the formation of monsoon depressions in the western North Pacific. Two monsoon depression formations during July 2007 were analyzed using ECMWF analyses and satellite observations. Wave-activity flux calculations indicated that cross-equatorial flow from the Southern Hemisphere played an important role in the formation of these monsoon depressions. A new conceptual model of monsoon depression formation in the western North Pacific is proposed that includes three southerly airstreams in the Southern Hemisphere that lead to cross-equatorial flows into the Northern Hemisphere. Examination of 44 monsoon depressions from April to December 2009 confirms the critical role of these cross-equatorial flows in monsoon depression formation. All of the monsoon depressions in the 2009 sample for which formation conditions could be established had at least one of three possible airstreams that interacted with a confluent region and, thus, may be a necessary condition for monsoon depression formation. This conceptual model of monsoon depression formation was further confirmed by means of wave-activity flux calculations and backward trajectory ensembles for the 2009 cases. C1 [Beattie, Jodi C.; Elsberry, Russell L.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Beattie, JC (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, 1 Univ Circle, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jcbeatti@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research Marine Meteorology section FX Support for Prof. R. Elsberry was provided by the Office of Naval Research Marine Meteorology section. Dr. Karl Pfeiffer and Dr. Zhuo Wang have been very helpful in the code work development for data analysis. The authors gratefully acknowledge the ECMWF for the provision of the YOTC dataset (http://data-portal.ecmwf.int/data/d/yotc_od/); the TRMM mission scientists and associated NASA personnel for the production of the TRMM data and visualizations that were produced with the Giovanni online data system, which is developed and maintained by the NASA GES DISC (http://gdata1.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/daac-bin/G3/gui.cgi?instance_id=TRMM_3- Hourly); the NOAA/Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for the provision of the HYSPLIT transport and dispersion model and the READY website (http://www.arl.noaa.gov/ready.php); and the NOAA/NESDIS/Center for Satellite Applications and Research for the provision of the QuikSCAT data from their web site (http://manati.orbit.nesdis.noaa.gov/datasets/QuikSCATData.php). This study benefited from the comments and suggestions of the anonymous reviewers. Mrs. Penny Jones provided assistance in the manuscript preparation. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0882-8156 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 27 IS 6 BP 1413 EP 1432 DI 10.1175/WAF-D-11-00094.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 063TH UT WOS:000313023900006 ER PT J AU Algar, WR Ancona, MG Malanoski, AP Susumu, K Medintz, IL AF Algar, W. Russ Ancona, Mario G. Malanoski, Anthony P. Susumu, Kimihiro Medintz, Igor L. TI Assembly of a Concentric Forster Resonance Energy Transfer Relay on a Quantum Dot Scaffold: Characterization and Application to Multiplexed Protease Sensing SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE quantum dot; Forster resonance energy transfer; relay; multiplexing; peptide; protease; self-assembly ID PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY; ENZYME-ACTIVITY; FLUORESCENCE; DNA; SEMICONDUCTOR; TRYPSIN; DONORS; PH; HYBRIDIZATION; INHIBITORS AB Semiconductor nanocrystals, or quantum dots (QDs), are one of the most widely utilized nanomaterials for biological applications. Their cumulative physicochemical and optical properties are both unique among nanomaterials and highly advantageous. In particular, Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) has been widely utilized as a spectroscopic tool with QDs, whether for characterizing QD bioconjugates as a "molecular ruler" or for modulating QD luminescence "on" and "off' in biosensing configurations. Here, we investigate the assembly and utility of a new "concentric" FRET relay that comprises a central QD conjugated with multiple copies of two different peptides, each labeled with one of two fluorescent dyes, Alexa Fluor 555 (A555) or Alexa Fluor 647 (A647). Energy transfer occurs from the QD to the A555 (FRET1) then to the A647 (FRET2) and, to a lesser extent, directly from the QD to the A647 (FRET3). We show that such an arrangement can provide insight into the interfacial distribution of peptides assembled to the QD and can further be utilized for sensing proteolytic activity. In the latter, progress curves for digestion of the assembled peptides by two prototypical proteases, trypsin and chymotrypsin, were measured from the relative QD, A555 and A647 PL contributions, and used to extract Michaelis-Menten kinetic parameters. We further show that the concentric FRET relay, as a single nanoparticle vector, can track the tryptic activation of a proenzyme, chymotrypsinogen, to active chymotrypsin. The concentric FRET relay is thus a potentially powerful tool for the characterization of QD bioconjugates and multiplexed sensing of coupled biological activity. C1 [Ancona, Mario G.] USN, Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Susumu, Kimihiro] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Algar, W. Russ] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Susumu, Kimihiro] Sotera Def Solut, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. [Algar, W. Russ; Malanoski, Anthony P.; Medintz, Igor L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Algar, WR (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. EM algar@chem.ubc.ca; igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil FU NRL; NS1; ONR; DTRA-JSTO MIPR [B112582M]; NSERC FX The authors acknowledge financial support from NRL, NRL NS1, ONR, and DTRA-JSTO MIPR #B112582M. W.R.A. is grateful to NSERC for support through a postdoctoral fellowship. NR 52 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 10 U2 200 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD DEC PY 2012 VL 6 IS 12 BP 11044 EP 11058 DI 10.1021/nn304736j PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 057LA UT WOS:000312563600069 PM 23215458 ER PT J AU Pandya, R Charlevoix, D Cordero, E Smith, D Yalda, S AF Pandya, Rajul Charlevoix, Donna Cordero, Eugene Smith, David Yalda, Sepi TI TRENDS IN THE AMS EDUCATION SYMPOSIUM AND HIGHLIGHTS FROM 2012 SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article C1 [Pandya, Rajul] UCAR Sci Educ, SPARK, Boulder, CO 80304 USA. [Charlevoix, Donna] Global Learning & Observat Benefit Environm, Boulder, CO USA. [Cordero, Eugene] San Jose State Univ, Dept Meteorol & Climate Sci, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. [Smith, David] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Yalda, Sepi] Millersville Univ Pennsylvania, Millersville, PA 17551 USA. RP Pandya, R (reprint author), UCAR Sci Educ, SPARK, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80304 USA. EM pandya@ucar.edu NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 93 IS 12 BP 1917 EP 1920 DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00166.1 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 055TS UT WOS:000312441200012 ER PT J AU Bjorkstedt, EP Goericke, R McClatchie, S Weber, E Watson, W Lo, N Peterson, WT Brodeur, RD Auth, T Fisher, J Morgan, C Peterson, J Largier, J Bograd, SJ Durazo, R Gaxiola-Castro, G Lavaniegos, B Chavez, FP Collins, CA Hannah, B Field, J Sakuma, K Satterthwaite, W O'Farrell, M Hayes, S Harding, J Sydeman, WJ Thompson, SA Warzybok, P Bradley, R Jahncke, J Golightly, RT Schneider, SR Suryan, RM Gladics, AJ Horton, CA Kim, SY Melin, SR DeLong, RL Abell, J AF Bjorkstedt, Eric P. Goericke, Ralf McClatchie, Sam Weber, Ed Watson, William Lo, Nancy Peterson, William T. Brodeur, Richard D. Auth, Toby Fisher, Jennifer Morgan, Cheryl Peterson, Jay Largier, John Bograd, Steven J. Durazo, Reginaldo Gaxiola-Castro, Gilberto Lavaniegos, Bertha Chavez, Francisco P. Collins, Curtis A. Hannah, Bob Field, John Sakuma, Keith Satterthwaite, Will O'Farrell, Michael Hayes, Sean Harding, Jeff Sydeman, William J. Thompson, Sarah Ann Warzybok, Pete Bradley, Russell Jahncke, Jaime Golightly, Richard T. Schneider, Stephanie R. Suryan, Robert M. Gladics, Amanda J. Horton, Cheryl A. Kim, Sung Yong Melin, Sharon R. DeLong, Robert L. Abell, Jeffrey TI STATE OF THE CALIFORNIA CURRENT 2011-2012: ECOSYSTEMS RESPOND TO LOCAL FORCING AS LA NINA WAVERS AND WANES SO CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE OCEANIC FISHERIES INVESTIGATIONS REPORTS LA English DT Article ID SARDINE SARDINOPS-SAGAX; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CURRENT SYSTEM; PACIFIC-OCEAN; FISH LARVAE; OREGON; VARIABILITY; ZONE; OSCILLATION; COMMUNITY AB The state of the California Current System (CCS) since spring 2011 has evolved in response to dissipation of La Nina through spring and summer, resurgence of cooler La Nina conditions in fall and winter, and finally a transition towards ENSO-neutral conditions in spring 2012. The resurgence of La Nina was uneven, however, as indicated by variable responses in broad climate indices such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and the multi-variate ENSO index, and by latitudinal variability in the timing, strength, and duration of upwelling relative to climatological means. Across the CCS, various measures of ecosystem productivity exhibited a general decline in 2011 relative to 2010, but the magnitude of these declines varied substantially among taxa. Available observations indicate regional variability in climate forcing and ecosystem responses throughout the CCS, continuing a pattern that has emerged with increasing clarity over the past several years. In 2011-12, regional variability was again a consequence of southern regions exhibiting a relatively mild response to climate forcing, in this case tending towards climatological means, while northern regions showed somewhat greater effects of delayed or weaker-than-normal upwelling. In addition to the effects of local and basin-scale forcing, long-term observations off southern California show declines in dissolved oxygen and increases in nutrient concentrations in waters below the mixed layer, trends that are consistent with recent predictions of how global warming will affect the characteristics of upwelling source waters in the CCS. Such trends must be accounted for more comprehensively in ongoing assessment of the state of the California Current and its responses to environmental forcing. At the time of writing, tropical conditions are ENSO neutral and forecast to transition into El Nino in late 2012. This, combined with unusually high abundances of diverse gelatinous taxa throughout much of the CCS during spring 2012, suggests that the ongoing evolution of the state of the California Current might take a particularly unusual path in the coming year. C1 [Bjorkstedt, Eric P.] Humboldt State Univ, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Trinidad, CA 95570 USA. [Bjorkstedt, Eric P.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Fisheries Biol, Trinidad, CA 95570 USA. [Goericke, Ralf; Kim, Sung Yong] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [McClatchie, Sam; Weber, Ed; Watson, William; Lo, Nancy] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Resources Div, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Lo, Nancy] Ocean Associates Inc, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Peterson, William T.; Brodeur, Richard D.] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Auth, Toby; Fisher, Jennifer; Morgan, Cheryl; Peterson, Jay] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Largier, John] Bodega Bay Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA. [Bograd, Steven J.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Div Environm Res, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA. [Durazo, Reginaldo] UABC Fac Ciencias Marinas, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. [Gaxiola-Castro, Gilberto; Lavaniegos, Bertha] CICESE, Div Oceanol, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. [Chavez, Francisco P.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. [Collins, Curtis A.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Hannah, Bob] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Marine Resources Program, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Field, John; Sakuma, Keith; Satterthwaite, Will; O'Farrell, Michael; Hayes, Sean; Harding, Jeff] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Sydeman, William J.; Thompson, Sarah Ann] Farallon Inst Adv Ecosyst Res, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA. [Warzybok, Pete; Bradley, Russell; Jahncke, Jaime] PRBO Conservat Sci, Petaluma, CA 94954 USA. [Golightly, Richard T.; Schneider, Stephanie R.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Wildlife, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Melin, Sharon R.; DeLong, Robert L.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Abell, Jeffrey] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Oceanog, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Bjorkstedt, EP (reprint author), Humboldt State Univ, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, POB 690, Trinidad, CA 95570 USA. RI Weber, Edward/A-6986-2009; Kim, Sung Yong/B-9852-2009 OI Weber, Edward/0000-0002-0942-434X; Kim, Sung Yong/0000-0003-1962-8992 FU NOAA's National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS); Fisheries and the Environment (FATE) programs; Mexico's Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT); U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF); Bonneville Power Administration (BPA); United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS); NOAA's Integrated Ocean Observing Systems (IOOS) program; Coastal Observing Research and Development Center; California's Ocean Protection Council; Redwood National and State Parks; Baker Trust; Marisla Foundation; Campini Foundation; Kimball Foundation; Mead Foundation; R/V Coral Sea; R/V Francisco de Ulloa; Elahka; FS/V Ocean Starr; R/V New Horizon; FS/V Bell M. Shimada; F/V Frosti FX We thank three anonymous reviewers for their comments that improved this manuscript and provide guidance for continued development of reports in this series. Xuemei Qiu and Reiko Michisaki assisted with several of the plots included in this paper. Financial and collaborative support for the science reported here comes from diverse agencies and government entities, including NOAA's National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) and its Stock Assessment Improvement Plan (SAIP) and Fisheries and the Environment (FATE) programs, Mexico's Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT), the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), NOAA's Integrated Ocean Observing Systems (IOOS) program and university partners through the Coastal Observing Research and Development Center, California's Ocean Protection Council, and Redwood National and State Parks. The David and Lucile Packard Foundation supported central California mooring observations. The Baker Trust, the Marisla Foundation, the Campini Foundation, the Kimball Foundation, and the Mead Foundation supported seabird work on Southeast Farallon Island. We also thank the captains and crew of the vessels that supported this work, including R/V Coral Sea, R/V Francisco de Ulloa, Elahka, FS/V Ocean Starr, R/V New Horizon, FS/V Bell M. Shimada, F/V Frosti, F/V Miss Sue, F/V Piky, and F/V Excalibur. We also sincerely thank the many dedicated individuals who have participated in, advised, collaborated in, or otherwise contributed to the collection, management, and analysis of these data both in recent years and in the past. NR 73 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 36 PU SCRIPPS INST OCEANOGRAPHY PI LA JOLLA PA A-003, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA SN 0575-3317 J9 CAL COOP OCEAN FISH JI Calif. Coop. Ocean. Fish. Invest. Rep. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 53 BP 41 EP 76 PG 36 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 050FY UT WOS:000312039800004 ER PT J AU Wang, K Zhang, YQ Chand, D Parrish, DA Shreeve, JM AF Wang, Kai Zhang, Yanqiang Chand, Deepak Parrish, Damon A. Shreeve, Jean'ne M. TI Boronium-Cation-Based Ionic Liquids as Hypergolic Fluids SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE boronium cations; hydrides; hypergolic ignition; ignition delay; ionic liquids ID ROCKET ENGINES; SALTS; IGNITION; FUELS; NITROCYANAMIDE; ENERGIES; SOLVENTS AB Two series of boronium-cation-based ionic liquids were prepared and fully characterized by 1H, 13C, and 11B NMR and infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and elemental analysis. The structure of bis(1-methyl-1H-imidazole-3-yl)dihydroboronium dicyanoborohydride (5?a) was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The densities of these ionic liquids range from 1.05 to 1.28 g?cm-3, and the heats of formation, predicted on the basis of Gaussian 03 calculations, fall between -164.6 and 430.5 kJ?mol-1. Compound 5?b, bis(1-allyl-1H-imidazole-3-yl)dihydroboronium dicyanoborohydride, exhibits the lowest viscosity (35 mPa?s) and shortest ignition-delay time (14 ms) in combination with 100?% HNO3. C1 [Wang, Kai; Zhang, Yanqiang; Chand, Deepak; Shreeve, Jean'ne M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Parrish, Damon A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shreeve, JM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM jshreeve@uidaho.edu OI zhang, yan qiang/0000-0001-5577-0529 FU ONR [N00014-10-1-0097, N00014-11-AF-0-0002]; Chinese government FX The authors (K. W., Y.Z., D. C., and J.M.S.) gratefully acknowledge the support of ONR (N00014-10-1-0097) and Dr. Clifford Bedford; and D. A. P. acknowledges ONR (N00014-11-AF-0-0002). K. W. is grateful for a Chinese government scholarship and to Drs. Haixiang Gao and Chunlin He. NR 47 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 57 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-6539 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 18 IS 52 BP 16931 EP 16937 DI 10.1002/chem.201201347 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 057GY UT WOS:000312552300035 PM 23136009 ER PT J AU Yang, WY Dall, TM Zhang, YD Zhang, SP Arday, DR Dorn, PW Jain, A AF Yang, Wenya Dall, Timothy M. Zhang, Yiduo Zhang, Shiping Arday, David R. Dorn, Patricia W. Jain, Anjali TI Simulation Of Quitting Smoking In The Military Shows Higher Lifetime Medical Spending More Than Offset By Productivity Gains SO HEALTH AFFAIRS LA English DT Article ID WEIGHT; RISK; OVERWEIGHT; CESSATION AB Despite the documented benefits of quitting smoking, studies have found that smokers who quit may have higher lifetime medical costs, in part because of increased risk for medical conditions, such as type 2 diabetes, brought on by associated weight gain. Using a simulation model and data on 612,332 adult smokers in the US Department of Defense's TRICARE Prime health plan in 2008, we estimated that cessation accompanied by weight gain would increase average life expectancy by 3.7 years, and that the average lifetime reduction in medical expenditures from improved health ($5,600) would be offset by additional expenditures resulting from prolonged life ($7,300). Results varied by age and sex: For females ages 18-44 at time of cessation, there would be net savings of $1,200 despite additional medical expenditures from prolonged life. Avoidance of weight gain after quitting smoking would increase average life expectancy by four additional months and reduce mean extra spending resulting from prolonged life by $700. Overall, the average net lifetime health care cost increase of $1,700 or less per ex-smoker would be modest and, for employed people, more than offset by even one year's worth of productivity gains. These results boost the case for smoking cessation programs in the military in particular, along with not selling cigarettes in commissaries or at reduced prices. C1 [Yang, Wenya] Lewin Grp, Hlth Serv, Falls Church, VA USA. [Dall, Timothy M.] IHS Global, Washington, DC USA. [Zhang, Yiduo] MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Zhang, Shiping] Booz Allen Hamilton, Adv Analyt Div, Mclean, VA USA. [Arday, David R.] Lockheed Martin Informat Syst & Global Solut, Fairfax, VA USA. [Dorn, Patricia W.] USN, Nurse Corps, Culpeper, VA USA. RP Yang, WY (reprint author), Lewin Grp, Hlth Serv, Falls Church, VA USA. EM grace.yang@lewin.com OI Dall, Timothy/0000-0001-5106-9401 FU Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs, TRICARE Management Activity, through the subordinate Office of the Chief Medical Officer; Health Program Analysis and Evaluation Division FX An early version of this article was presented at the AcademyHealth Annual Research Meeting in Boston, Massachusetts, June 28, 2010. This research was supported by the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs, TRICARE Management Activity, through the subordinate Office of the Chief Medical Officer and the Health Program Analysis and Evaluation Division. The opinions or assertions in the article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of Defense or of the TRICARE Management Activity. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU PROJECT HOPE PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE 600, BETHESDA, MD 20814-6133 USA SN 0278-2715 J9 HEALTH AFFAIR JI Health Aff. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 31 IS 12 BP 2717 EP 2726 DI 10.1377/hlthaff.2010.1048 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 057ZA UT WOS:000312602100015 PM 23213156 ER PT J AU Giuliani, JL Beg, FN Gilgenbach, RM Kantsyrev, VL Kusse, BR Ivanov, VV Presura, R AF Giuliani, John L., Jr. Beg, Farhat N. Gilgenbach, Ronald M. Kantsyrev, Victor L. Kusse, Bruce R. Ivanov, Vladimir V. Presura, Radu TI Plasma Pinch Research on University Pulsed-Power Generators in the United States SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Magnetic field diagnostics; magnetized instabilities; magnetohydrodynamics (MHDs); plasma diagnostics; plasma jets; pulsed power; radial foil; wire ablation; wire array Z-pinch; X-pinch; X-ray sources ID ARRAY Z-PINCH; X-RAY-EMISSION; WIRE-ARRAY; CORONAL PLASMA; SHEARED FLOW; DYNAMICS; PHYSICS; JETS; ACCELERATOR; IMPLOSIONS AB This paper covers ongoing research on pulsedpower- produced plasmas using wire arrays and foil loads at four universities in the U.S. It is directed toward prospective and current students, as well as program managers at government agencies, and others who have a general interest in applications of pulsed power. This paper presents several pinch configurations (Z-pinches, X-pinches, planar wire arrays, radial, and suspended foils), specific physics issues (e.g., wire ablation), applications (plasma jets, X-ray hohlraums), diagnostics (e.g., ultraviolet laser probing), and modeling. The areas covered are not meant to be comprehensive, but rather, the discussion demonstrates the breadth and vibrancy of the activities at these institutions and collates extensive references on this work over primarily the past six years. C1 [Giuliani, John L., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Beg, Farhat N.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 93093 USA. [Gilgenbach, Ronald M.] Univ Michigan, Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci Dept, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kantsyrev, Victor L.; Ivanov, Vladimir V.; Presura, Radu] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Kusse, Bruce R.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Giuliani, JL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.giuliani@nrl.navy.mil; fbeg@ucsd.edu; rongilg@umich.edu; victor@unr.edu; brk2@cornell.edu; ivanov@unr.edu; presura@unr.edu FU NSF/DOE [NSF-PHY-0903876, DE-SC-0001992]; DOE [DESC0002590]; NSF [PHY 0903340]; US DOE through Sandia National Laboratories [240985, 76822]; DOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) [DE-FC52-06NA27586, DE-FC52-06NA27616]; DOE/SNL [681371]; DOE/NNSA [DE-FC52-06NA27616, DE-FC03-02NA00057, DE-NA0001564]; DOE Office of Science [DE-SC0002263] FX The research at the University of California at San Diego was supported by the NSF/DOE Partnership in Basic Plasma Science (contracts NSF-PHY-0903876 and DE-SC-0001992). The research at the University of Michigan was supported by DOE award number DESC0002590, by NSF Grant number PHY 0903340, and by US DOE through Sandia National Laboratories award numbers 240985 and 76822 to the University of Michigan. The research at the University of Nevada, Reno (UNR), reported in Sections IV-A and IV-B was supported by DOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) under Cooperative Agreements DE-FC52-06NA27586 and in part by DE-FC52-06NA27616 and DOE/SNL Grant 681371. The research at UNR reported in Section IV-C was supported by DOE/NNSA Grant DE-FC52-06NA27616. The research at UNR reported in Sections IV-D and IV-E was supported by the DOE/NNSA under UNR Grant No. DE-FC52-06NA27616. The Laboratory of Plasma Studies, Cornell University, carries on Z-pinch-produced high energy density plasma research with support from the DOE/NNSA's Stewardship Science Academic Alliances program (DE-FC03-02NA00057) and from the DOE Office of Science (DE-SC0002263). The work of J. L. Giuliani, Jr., was supported by the DOE/NNSA Interagency Agreement DE-NA0001564. NR 95 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 40 IS 12 SI SI BP 3246 EP 3264 DI 10.1109/TPS.2012.2220786 PN 2 PG 19 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 056AA UT WOS:000312458100004 ER PT J AU Safronova, AS Kantsyrev, VL Esaulov, AA Shrestha, I Shlyaptseva, VV Weller, ME Ouart, ND Osborne, GC Stafford, A Keim, SF Velikovich, AL Giuliani, JL Chuvatin, AS AF Safronova, Alla S. Kantsyrev, Victor L. Esaulov, Andrey A. Shrestha, Ishor Shlyaptseva, Veronica V. Weller, Michael E. Ouart, Nicholas D. Osborne, Glenn C. Stafford, Austin Keim, Steven F. Velikovich, Alexander L. Giuliani, John L., Jr. Chuvatin, A. S. TI Producing Kiloelectronvolt L-Shell Plasmas on Zebra at UNR SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Kiloelectronvolt plasmas; kinetic modeling; wire array; X-pinch; X-ray spectra ID PLANAR WIRE ARRAYS; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES; ATOMIC-NUMBER; IMPLOSIONS; MO; GENERATOR; EMISSION; PINCHES; SINGLE AB Experiments with various wire loads from midatomic-number wires, which were performed on the university-scale 1-MA Zebra generator at the University of Nevada, Reno, during the last few years, are analyzed to assess the highest electron temperature reached. In particular, the results from experiments with planar wire arrays (PWAs) were considered. Load materials from mid-atomic-number such as stainless steel, Alumel, Cu, brass, Mo, and up to Ag were used to generate L-shell plasmas and to study plasma parameters. Though the full diagnostic set was utilized, the main focus was on X-ray spectroscopic data and on the non-local thermodynamic equilibrium kinetic modeling. As a result, the scaling of the maximum T-e with the load material atomic number is presented for the first time in the range from Fe to Ag for L-shell plasmas from PWAs. The highest values of the electron temperature in L-shell plasmas, which are estimated from the modeling, were from both Ag PWAs and X-pinches. This work is important for the development of efficient X-ray radiators on university-scale Z-pinch generators. C1 [Safronova, Alla S.; Kantsyrev, Victor L.; Esaulov, Andrey A.; Shrestha, Ishor; Shlyaptseva, Veronica V.; Weller, Michael E.; Ouart, Nicholas D.; Osborne, Glenn C.; Stafford, Austin; Keim, Steven F.] Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Velikovich, Alexander L.; Giuliani, John L., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Chuvatin, A. S.] Ecole Polytech, Lab Phys Plasmas, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. RP Safronova, AS (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. FU National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) under Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FC52-06NA27588, DE-FC52-06NA27586, DE-FC52-06NA27616] FX This work was supported by National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) under Department of Energy (DOE) Cooperative Agreements DE-FC52-06NA27588, DE-FC52-06NA27586, and DE-FC52-06NA27616. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 40 IS 12 SI SI BP 3347 EP 3353 DI 10.1109/TPS.2012.2222451 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 056AA UT WOS:000312458100017 ER PT J AU Alfano, SG Lemus, FE AF Alfano, Stephen G. Lemus, Frank E. TI FABRICATION OF A UNILATERAL ORAL COMMISSURE RETRACTOR SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Maxillofacial-Prosthetics CY OCT, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ SP Amer Acad Maxillofacial Prosthet ID MICROSTOMIA; SPLINT AB The fabrication of a unilateral device to treat microstomia after trauma is presented. Maximum opening was recorded before treatment. A dual arch impression that captured the dentition and commissure on the affected side was made with vinyl polysiloxane (VPS) impression material. A 1 mm vacuum formed template (VFT) was fabricated over the maxillary dentition, and a 2 mm VFT was fabricated around the commissure. A 0.9 mm (0.036 '') stainless steel wire was attached with acrylic resin to both templates in order to apply a constant force to the commissure. The use of a helix in the wire allowed for flexibility and adjustment of the retractor. The patient was instructed to wear the retractor for 6 hours per day, and, during a 10-week period, the maximum opening increased from 30 mm to 45 mm. ( J Prosthet Dent 2012;108:398-400) C1 [Alfano, Stephen G.] USN, Dept Dent, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Alfano, SG (reprint author), USN, Dept Dent, Med Ctr, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM stephen.alfano@med.navy.mil NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 108 IS 6 BP 398 EP 400 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 056HL UT WOS:000312478900009 PM 23217473 ER PT J AU Chu, PC Li, HC Fan, CW Chen, YH AF Chu, Peter C. Li, Hong-Chun Fan, Chenwu Chen, Yong-Heng TI Speleothem evidence for temporal-spatial variation in the East Asian Summer Monsoon since the Medieval Warm Period SO JOURNAL OF QUATERNARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE speleothem delta O-18 records; East Asian Summer Monsoon; empirical mode decomposition method; Medieval Warm Period; Little Ice Age ID NORTH-ATLANTIC CLIMATE; VARIABILITY; RECORDS; CHINA; CAVE; RECONSTRUCTION; CHRONOLOGY; PATTERNS; URANIUM; CYCLES AB Published annual-to-decadal-resolution stalagmite delta 18O records since AD 900 from six caves (Dongge, Furong, Heshang, Buddha, Shihua and Wanxiang) in China were analyzed to detect temporal and spatial variability of the East Asian Summer Monsoon strength, which strongly affects wet/dry conditions in eastern China. The empirical mode decomposition method was used to obtain trends of the six cave records. After the base trend was determined, delta 18O anomalies of each record were computed by subtracting the base trend. Mean delta 18O anomaly values of the detrended time series for each cave record were calculated for four periods: (i) Medieval Warm Period (MWP; AD 9001250): (ii) Little Ice Age phase 1 (LIA-1; AD 12501550); (iii) Little Ice Age phase 2 (LIA-2; AD 15501850); and (iv) modern period (MD; AD 18502000). From these anomalies, the temporal and spatial variability of wet/dry conditions has been identified. Positive values of the mean delta 18O anomalies indicating drier conditions appeared in the lower Yangtze River Drainage Area and Southeast Coast Area during MD-1, LIA-1 and MWP, whereas negative values existed in north, south and Yangtze areas of eastern China during LIA-2. The results agree with the dryness/wetness index reconstructed by Chinese historic records in general. These results illustrate that wet and dry conditions in different regions of eastern China could be opposite under monsoon influence, so that no single speleothem delta 18O record could represent the monsoonal climate in this vast region. Climatic patterns in the monsoonal region can be either a combination of warm/wet and cold/dry or a combination of cold/wet and warm/dry on annual-to-centennial scales. A 128-year periodic cycle exists in all six cave records, whereas 64-year (possibly a harmonic of 128-year periodicity) and 42-year periodicities appear in Shihua, Heshang and Dongge records. These cycles may reflect the influence of solar activity on the East Asian Summer Monsoon. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Li, Hong-Chun] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Geosci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Chu, Peter C.; Fan, Chenwu] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Li, Hong-Chun; Chen, Yong-Heng] Guangzhou Univ, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Li, HC (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Geosci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. EM hcli1960@ntu.edu.tw OI Li, Hong-Chun/0000-0001-9614-7119 FU National Science Council of Taiwan [NSC 98-3114-E-006 -014, NSC 98-2116-M-006 -003, NSC 100-3113-E-002 -009]; National Science Foundation [40930743] FX We gratefully acknowledge the National Science Council of Taiwan (NSC 98-3114-E-006 -014, NSC 98-2116-M-006 -003 and NSC 100-3113-E-002 -009). H.-C. Li acknowledges the support of the National Science Foundation (grant no. 40930743). The authors thank Prof. Paul Williams at the University of Auckland, New Zealand, and another anonymous reviewer who provided useful review comments to improve the manuscript. NR 51 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0267-8179 EI 1099-1417 J9 J QUATERNARY SCI JI J. Quat. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 27 IS 9 SI SI BP 901 EP 910 DI 10.1002/jqs.2579 PG 10 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 056NH UT WOS:000312496600006 ER PT J AU Doyle, JD Reynolds, CA Amerault, C Moskaitis, J AF Doyle, James D. Reynolds, Carolyn A. Amerault, Clark Moskaitis, Jonathan TI Adjoint Sensitivity and Predictability of Tropical Cyclogenesis SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC; CYCLONE-LIKE VORTICES; WAVE CRITICAL LAYER; MESOSCALE PREDICTABILITY; SINGULAR VECTORS; ROSSBY WAVES; PREDICTION SYSTEM; CONVECTIVE SCHEME; MOIST CONVECTION; FIELD EXPERIMENT AB The sensitivity of tropical cyclogenesis and subsequent intensification is explored by applying small perturbations to the initial state in the presence of organized mesoscale convection and synoptic-scale forcing using the adjoint and tangent linear models for the Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS). The forward, adjoint, and tangent linear models are used to compare and contrast predictability characteristics for the disturbance that became Typhoon Nuri and a nondeveloping organized convective cluster in the western Pacific during The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment (THORPEX) Pacific Asian Regional Campaign (T-PARC) and the Tropical Cyclone Structure-2008 (TCS-08) experiments. The adjoint diagnostics indicate that the intensity (e.g., maximum surface wind speed, minimum surface pressure) of a tropical disturbance is very sensitive to perturbations in the moisture and temperature fields and to a lesser degree the wind fields. The highest-resolution adjoint simulations (grid increment of 13 km) indicate that the most efficient intensification is through moistening in the lower and middle levels and heating in banded regions that are coincident with vorticity maxima in the initial state. Optimal adjoint perturbations exhibit rapid growth for the Nun case and only modest growth for the nondeveloping system. The adjoint results suggest that Nun was near the threshold for development, indicative of low predictability. The low-level sensitivity maximum and tendency for optimal perturbation growth to extend vertically through the troposphere are consistent with a "bottom up" development process of TC genesis, although a secondary midlevel sensitivity maximum is present as well. Growth originates at small scales and projects onto the scale of the vortex, a manifestation of perturbations that project onto organized convection embedded in regions of cyclonic vorticity. C1 [Doyle, James D.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Doyle, JD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM james.doyle@nrlmry.navy.mil OI Reynolds, Carolyn/0000-0003-4690-4171 FU NRL Base Program [0601153N]; HPC time from the Department of Defense Major Shared Resource Centers, Stennis Space Center, Mississippi FX We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of the T-PARC/TCS-08 scientists, forecasters, staff, and flight crews. This research is supported by the Chief of Naval Research through Program Element 0601153N of the NRL Base Program. Computational resources were supported in part by a grant of HPC time from the Department of Defense Major Shared Resource Centers, Stennis Space Center, Mississippi. NR 74 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 69 IS 12 BP 3535 EP 3557 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-12-0110.1 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 055PZ UT WOS:000312430200007 ER PT J AU Jiang, QF Wang, SP AF Jiang, Qingfang Wang, Shouping TI Impact of Gravity Waves on Marine Stratocumulus Variability SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SOUTHEAST PACIFIC STRATOCUMULUS; LARGE-EDDY SIMULATIONS; VOCALS-REX; OPEN CELLS; CELLULAR STRUCTURES; DIURNAL CYCLE; CLOUD; PRECIPITATION; CONVECTION; CLIMATE AB The impact of gravity waves on marine stratocumulus is investigated using a large-eddy simulation model initialized with sounding profiles compositecl from the Variability of American Monsoon Systems (VAMOS) Ocean-Cloud-Atmosphere-Land Study Regional Experiment (VOCALS-Rex) aircraft measurements and forced by convergence or divergence that mimics mesoscale diurnal, semidiurnal, and quarter-diurnal wave;. These simulations suggest that wave-induced vertical motion can dramatically modify the cloud albedo and morphology through nonlinear cloud-aerosol-precipitation-circulation-turbulence feedback. In general, wave-induced ascent tends to increase the liquid water path (LWP) and the cloud albedo. With a proper aerosol number concentration, the increase in the LWP leads to enhanced precipitation, which triggers or strengthens mesoscale circulations in the boundary layer and accelerates cloud cellularization. Precipitation also tends to create a decoupling structure by weakening the turbulence in the subcloud layer. Wave-induced descent decreases the cloud albedo by dissipating clouds and forcing a transition from overcast to scattered clouds or from closed to open cells. The overall effect of gravity waves on the cloud variability and morphology depends on the cloud property, aerosol concentration, and wave characteristics. In several simulations, a transition from closed to open cells occurs under the influence of gravity waves, implying that some of the pockets of clouds (POCs) observed over open oceans may be related to gravity wave activities. C1 [Jiang, Qingfang; Wang, Shouping] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Jiang, QF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jiang@nrlmry.navy.mil FU NRL Base Program [PE 0601153N]; U.S. National Science Foundation; Department of Defense Major Shared Resource Centers FX This research is supported by NRL Base Program PE 0601153N. Dr. A. Reinecke helped us with the implementation of the selective monotonic advection scheme. The authors also want to thank Drs. H. Wang and G. Feingold for the helpful discussions about the two-moment cloud microphysics. The primary sponsor of VOCALS is the U.S. National Science Foundation. The simulations were performed using the LES component of the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS-LES) developed by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. Computational resources were supported by a grant of HPC time from the Department of Defense Major Shared Resource Centers. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 69 IS 12 BP 3633 EP 3651 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-12-0135.1 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 055PZ UT WOS:000312430200012 ER PT J AU Shen, CL Wang, YM Wang, S Liu, Y Liu, R Vourlidas, A Miao, B Ye, PZ Liu, JJ Zhou, ZJ AF Shen, Chenglong Wang, Yuming Wang, Shui Liu, Ying Liu, Rui Vourlidas, Angelos Miao, Bin Ye, Pinzhong Liu, Jiajia Zhou, Zhenjun TI Super-elastic collision of large-scale magnetized plasmoids in the heliosphere SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; CME-CME INTERACTION; COMPLEX EJECTA; MHD SIMULATION; SOLAR-WIND; 1 AU; CLOUDS; KINEMATICS; SPACECRAFT; SIGNATURES AB A super-elastic collision is an unusual process in which some mechanism causes the kinetic energy of the system to increase. Most studies have focused on solid-like objects, and have rarely considered gases or liquids, as the collision of these is primarily a mixing process. However, magnetized plasmoids are different from ordinary gases-as cross-field diffusion is effectively prohibited-but it remains unclear how they behave during a collision. Here we present a comprehensive picture of a unique collision between two coronal mass ejections in the heliosphere, which are the largest magnetized plasmoids erupting from the Sun. Our analysis reveals that these two magnetized plasmoids collided as if they were solid-like objects, with a likelihood of 73% that the collision was super-elastic. The total kinetic energy of the plasmoid system increased by about 6.6% through the collision, significantly influencing its dynamics. C1 [Shen, Chenglong; Wang, Yuming; Wang, Shui; Liu, Rui; Miao, Bin; Ye, Pinzhong; Liu, Jiajia; Zhou, Zhenjun] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Geophys & Planetary Sci, CAS Key Lab Geospace Environm, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Liu, Ying] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Liu, Ying] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Space Sci Ctr, State Key Lab Space Weather, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Vourlidas, Angelos] USN, Space Sci Lab, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wang, YM (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Geophys & Planetary Sci, CAS Key Lab Geospace Environm, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. EM ymwang@ustc.edu.cn RI Wang, Yuming/A-8968-2012; shen, Chenglong/C-7588-2013; Liu, Jiajia/F-9448-2013; Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009; Liu, Rui/B-4107-2012; Shen, Chenglong/P-8093-2015; OI Wang, Yuming/0000-0002-8887-3919; shen, Chenglong/0000-0002-3577-5223; Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948; Liu, Rui/0000-0003-4618-4979; Liu, Ying/0000-0002-3483-5909 FU 973 key project [2011CB811403]; NSFC [41131065, 40904046, 40874075, 41121003]; CAS [KZCX2-YW-QN511]; MOEC [20113402110001]; fundamental research funds for the central universities FX We acknowledge the use of data from the SECCHI, IMPACT, PLASTIC and WAVES instruments on STEREO, LASCO on SOHO and WAVES on WIND. STEREO is the third mission in NASA's Solar Terrestrial Probes programme, and SOHO is a mission of international cooperation between ESA and NASA. Y.W. also thanks N. Lugaz for some valuable discussion. This work is supported by grants from the 973 key project 2011CB811403, NSFC 41131065, 40904046, 40874075 and 41121003, CAS the Key Research Program KZZD-EW-01, 100-talent program, KZCX2-YW-QN511 and start-up fund, and MOEC 20113402110001 and the fundamental research funds for the central universities. NR 50 TC 27 Z9 33 U1 6 U2 29 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 8 IS 12 BP 923 EP 928 DI 10.1038/NPHYS2440 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 048CQ UT WOS:000311888200023 ER PT J AU Hackworth, RJ AF Hackworth, Robert J. TI Pulsed Radio Frequency. But What Dose Did You Use? SO PAIN MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID FEMORAL CUTANEOUS NERVE; DORSAL-ROOT GANGLION; RADIOFREQUENCY TREATMENT; MERALGIA-PARESTHETICA; PAIN; INJECTIONS; NEURALGIA; ABLATION C1 USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Hackworth, RJ (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-2375 J9 PAIN MED JI Pain Med. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 13 IS 12 BP 1662 EP 1663 DI 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2012.01525.x PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 058QW UT WOS:000312649700018 PM 23171091 ER PT J AU Chavez, DE Parrish, D Preston, DN Mares, IW AF Chavez, David E. Parrish, Damon Preston, Daniel N. Mares, Isaac W. TI Synthesis and Energetic Properties of 4,4 ',5,5 '-Tetranitro-2,2 '-biimidazolate(N4BIM) Salts SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE Propellants; Explosives ID NITROGEN; DECOMPOSITION; COMPOUND; CHAIN AB This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of several salts of 4,4',5,5'-tetranitro-2,2'-biimidazolate (N4BIM). Each of the salts were characterized chemically, thermally, morphologically, as well as with respect to destructive stimuli (impact, electrostatic discharge, friction, thermal). These salts show promise as propellant ingredient additives, and in particular, the bis-triaminoguanidinium salt of N4BIM displays excellent burn rate and combustion behavior. Our combustion studies have shown that TAGN4BIM displays a fast burning rate and has the lowest pressure dependence exponent yet measured for a triaminoguanidinium salt. C1 [Chavez, David E.; Preston, Daniel N.; Mares, Isaac W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Weap Experimentat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Parrish, Damon] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chavez, DE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Weap Experimentat Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dechavez@lanl.gov FU Department of Defense; Department of Energy Munitions Technology Development Program; Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-AF-0-0002] FX This work was supported by the joint Department of Defense and the Department of Energy Munitions Technology Development Program. The Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Agency. The authors thank the Office of Naval Research (Award No. N00014-11-AF-0-0002). We also would like to thank Bettina Reardon for sensitivity testing, Stephanie Hagelberg for elemental analysis, Jose Archuleta for chemical analysis and Ed Roemer for SEM studies. NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 37 IS 6 BP 647 EP 652 DI 10.1002/prep.201200040 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 056YK UT WOS:000312527700003 ER PT J AU Duah, NO Quashie, NB Abuaku, BK Sebeny, PJ Kronmann, KC Koram, KA AF Duah, Nancy O. Quashie, Neils B. Abuaku, Benjamin K. Sebeny, Peter J. Kronmann, Karl C. Koram, Kwadwo A. TI Surveillance of Molecular Markers of Plasmodium falciparum Resistance to Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine 5 Years after the Change of Malaria Treatment Policy in Ghana SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID INTERMITTENT PREVENTIVE TREATMENT; DIHYDROPTEROATE-SYNTHETASE GENES; DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; DRUG-RESISTANCE; UNCOMPLICATED MALARIA; COTRIMOXAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUGS; TREATMENT FAILURE; NORTHERN GHANA AB In 2005, sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) became the drug of choice for intermittent preventive treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) in Ghana. Reports suggest the use of SP by others to treat uncomplicated malaria. Because of the increased use of SP, the prevalence of mutations in the genes, dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr), and dihydropteroate synthetase (dhps), linked to SP resistance in P. falciparum were determined. Blood samples from 945 children with uncomplicated malaria collected at nine sites from 2003 to 2010 were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. Prevalence of the dhfr triple and dhfr plus dhps quadruple mutations showed significant increase in trend from 2003 to 2010 (chi(2) = 18.78, P < 0.001, chi(2) = 15.11, P < 0.001, respectively). For dhps double mutant G437 + E540 the prevalence was low (1.12%) caused by the very low prevalence of E540. Our findings show the wide use of SP in Ghana and therefore its use for IPTp needs to be closely monitored. C1 [Duah, Nancy O.; Quashie, Neils B.; Abuaku, Benjamin K.; Koram, Kwadwo A.] Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Legon, Accra, Ghana. Univ Ghana, Sch Med, Ctr Trop Clin Pharmacol & Therapeut, Korle Bu, Accra, Ghana. [Kronmann, Karl C.] US Naval Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Sebeny, Peter J.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Infect Dis Directorate, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Duah, NO (reprint author), Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, POB LG581, Legon, Accra, Ghana. EM nduah@noguchi.mimcom.org; nquashie@noguchi.mimcom.org; babuaku@noguchi.mimcom.org; Peter.Sebeny@med.navy.mil; karl.kronmann@med.navy.mil; kkoram@noguchi.mimcom.org RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; OI Duah, Nancy/0000-0001-8819-1793 FU Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (GETS); Global Fund for TB, Aids, and Malaria/National Malaria Control Program; WHO/Multilateral Initiative in Malaria (MIM) [980034]; Division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center (AFHSC) [C0437_10_N3] FX The molecular aspect of this work was funded by the Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (GETS), a Division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center (AFHSC) [Project no. C0437_10_N3]. The field work aspect was funded by the Global Fund for TB, Aids, and Malaria/National Malaria Control Program and the WHO/Multilateral Initiative in Malaria (MIM) [Project no. 980034]. NR 44 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 87 IS 6 BP 996 EP 1003 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0202 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 052YG UT WOS:000312236000007 PM 23045251 ER PT J AU Kwan, JM Satter, EK AF Kwan, Julia M. Satter, Elizabeth K. TI Grouped Erythematous Papules and Nodules on the Thigh SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID LINEAR SYRINGOCYSTADENOMA PAPILLIFERUM; ADENOMA C1 [Kwan, Julia M.; Satter, Elizabeth K.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Kwan, JM (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 148 IS 12 BP 1411 EP 1416 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 055DN UT WOS:000312395500015 PM 23247483 ER PT J AU Johnson, CM Brigger, MT AF Johnson, Christopher M. Brigger, Matthew T. TI The Public Health Impact of Pediatric Caustic Ingestion Injuries SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID CHILDREN; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Objective: To determine the current public health burden of injuries due to caustic ingestion in children. Design: The 2009 Kids' Inpatient Database provides data on a sample of all pediatric hospital discharges in the United States during that year. Children with caustic ingestion injuries requiring hospitalization were identified by corresponding codes from the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision. Database analysis generated national estimates of summary statistics. Setting: A national database. Patients: Representative sample of all hospital discharge data on patients 18 years or younger. Main Outcome Measures: Public health burden related to caustic injury, including potential factors related to admission outcome, the necessity of a procedure during the admission, admission length of stay, and total charges for the admission. Results: We estimated the prevalence of pediatric caustic ingestion injuries requiring hospitalization in the United States in 2009 to be 807 (95% CI, 731-882) children. The annual economic burden was estimated at $22 900 000 (95% CI, $15 400 000-$30 400 000) in total hospital charges. The mean charge per patient was estimated at $28 860 (95% CI, $19 799-$37 922) with a median of $9848. The mean length of admission was 4.13 (95% CI, 3.22-5.03) days with a median of 2 days. Among the 807 patients, 45.3% underwent esophagoscopy, and those admitted to teaching hospitals were more likely to undergo a procedure during their stay (P =. 02). Logistic regression models suggested significant median income (P <.001) and sex (P <.001) variations. Conclusions: The current public health burden of pediatric caustic ingestion injuries may be less than commonly cited. This finding supports the notion that legislative efforts have been successful. Despite these successes, these injuries continue to impose a significant burden on health care resources. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2012;138(12):1111-1115 C1 [Johnson, Christopher M.; Brigger, Matthew T.] USN, Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Otolaryngol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Johnson, CM (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Otolaryngol, 38400 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0886-4470 J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 138 IS 12 BP 1111 EP 1115 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 055FS UT WOS:000312401300001 PM 23247229 ER PT J AU Godon, P Sion, EM Levay, K Linnell, AP Szkody, P Barrett, PE Hubeny, I Blair, WP AF Godon, Patrick Sion, Edward M. Levay, Karen Linnell, Albert P. Szkody, Paula Barrett, Paul E. Hubeny, Ivan Blair, William P. TI AN ONLINE CATALOG OF CATACLYSMIC VARIABLE SPECTRA FROM THE FAR-ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROSCOPIC EXPLORER SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; novae, cataclysmic variables; white dwarfs ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; NOVA EM-CYGNI; STAR AG-DRACONIS; UNDERLYING WHITE-DWARF; BINARY V471 TAURI; RESONANCE-ABSORPTION LINES; COMPOSITE ACCRETION DISK; RESOLUTION IUE SPECTRA; EK TRIANGULI AUSTRALIS; LONG-TERM BEHAVIOR AB We present an online catalog containing spectra and supporting information for cataclysmic variables that have been observed with the Far-Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE). For each object in the catalog we list some of the basic system parameters such as (R.A., decl.), period, inclination, and white dwarf mass, as well as information on the available FUSE spectra: data ID, observation date and time, and exposure time. In addition, we provide parameters needed for the analysis of the FUSE spectra such as the reddening E(B - V), distance, and state (high, low, intermediate) of the system at the time it was observed. For some of these spectra we have carried out model fits to the continuum with synthetic stellar and/or disk spectra using the codes TLUSTY and SYNSPEC. We provide the parameters obtained from these model fits; this includes the white dwarf temperature, gravity, projected rotational velocity, and elemental abundances of C, Si, S, and N, together with the disk mass accretion rate, the resulting inclination, and model-derived distance (when unknown). For each object one or more figures are provided (as gif files) with line identification and model fit(s) when available. The FUSE spectra and the synthetic spectra are directly available for download as ASCII tables. References are provided for each object, as well as for the model fits. In this article we present 36 objects, and additional ones will be added to the online catalog in the future. In addition to cataclysmic variables, we also include a few related objects, such as a wind-accreting white dwarf, a pre-cataclysmic variable, and some symbiotics. C1 [Godon, Patrick; Blair, William P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Henry A Rowland Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Godon, Patrick; Sion, Edward M.] Villanova Univ, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. [Levay, Karen] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Linnell, Albert P.; Szkody, Paula] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Barrett, Paul E.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. [Hubeny, Ivan] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Hubeny, Ivan] Univ Arizona, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Godon, P (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Henry A Rowland Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM patrick.godon@villanova.edu; edward.sion@villanova.edu; klevay@stsci.edu; linnell@astro.washington.edu; szkody@astro.washington.edu; barrett.paul@usno.navy.mil; hubeny@as.arizona.edu; wpb@pha.jhu.edu FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNX08AJ39G, NAS5-32985] FX P.G. is pleased to thank the Henry Augustus Rowland Department of Physics and Astronomy at the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, for hospitality. This work was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) under grant number NNX08AJ39G issued through the Office of Astrophysics Data Analysis Program (ADP) to Villanova University. We have used some of the online data from the AAVSO and are thankful to the AAVSO and its members worldwide for making these data public and for their constant monitoring of CVs. This work is based on observations made with the NASA-CNES-CSA Far-Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer. FUSE was operated for NASA by the Johns Hopkins University under NASA contract NAS5-32985. NR 275 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 203 IS 2 AR 29 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/203/2/29 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 051BX UT WOS:000312100500013 ER PT J AU Bales, K Washburn, J Bales, J AF Bales, Karrn Washburn, John Bales, James TI Breastfeeding Rates and Factors Related to Cessation in a Military Population SO BREASTFEEDING MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID WOMEN AB Evidence continues to accumulate showing the benefits of breastfeeding to infants, mothers, and society as a whole. However, breastfeeding success rates nationwide have consistently fallen short of recommendations set forth by the American Academy of Pediatrics. There are several potential barriers to successful breastfeeding, and many of these could be magnified in the demanding careers of military members and their families. We surveyed 254 women at a regional military medical facility, both active duty members and dependents of active duty members, regarding their ability to successfully breastfeed their infants. We found that American Academy of Pediatrics target goals in this population as a whole were indeed nearly met at this facility, but also found that active duty members and those who encountered military-related difficulty fell well short of these goals. These findings suggest potential barriers to breastfeeding success that warrant further study from the U.S. Department of Defense. C1 [Bales, Karrn] JKB Med Exams, Monument, CO USA. [Washburn, John] USN, Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Bales, James] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP Bales, J (reprint author), 18270 Bent Oak Lane, Monument, CO 80132 USA. EM jrtbales@gmail.com NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1556-8253 J9 BREASTFEED MED JI Breastfeed. Med. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 7 IS 6 BP 436 EP 441 DI 10.1089/bfm.2011.0113 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 054MP UT WOS:000312348200009 PM 23215908 ER PT J AU Keller, LR Abbas, A Bickel, JE Bier, VM Budescu, DV Butler, JC Diecidue, E Dillon-Merrill, RL Hamalainen, RP Lichtendahl, KC Merrick, JRW Simon, JR Wu, G AF Keller, L. Robin Abbas, Ali Bickel, J. Eric Bier, Vicki M. Budescu, David V. Butler, John C. Diecidue, Enrico Dillon-Merrill, Robin L. Hamalainen, Raimo P. Lichtendahl, Kenneth C., Jr. Merrick, Jason R. W. Simon, Jay R. Wu, George TI Brainstorming, Multiplicative Utilities, Partial Information on Probabilities or Outcomes, and Regulatory Focus SO DECISION ANALYSIS LA English DT Editorial Material ID RISK ATTITUDE; SCORING RULES; DECISION; MULTIATTRIBUTE; PREFERENCES; COPULAS; OBJECTIVES; EVENTS; MODELS; HEALTH C1 [Keller, L. Robin] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Abbas, Ali] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bickel, J. Eric; Butler, John C.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bier, Vicki M.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Budescu, David V.] Fordham Univ, Bronx, NY 10458 USA. [Diecidue, Enrico] INSEAD, F-77305 Fontainebleau, France. [Dillon-Merrill, Robin L.] Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [Hamalainen, Raimo P.] Aalto Univ, Aalto 00076, Finland. [Lichtendahl, Kenneth C., Jr.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Merrick, Jason R. W.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Simon, Jay R.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Wu, George] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Keller, LR (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM lrkeller@uci.edu; aliabbas@uiuc.edu; ebickel@mail.utexas.edu; bier@engr.wisc.edu; budescu@fordham.edu; john.butler2@mccombs.utexas.edu; enrico.diecidue@insead.edu; rld9@georgetown.edu; raimo.hamalainen@aalto.fi; lichtendahlc@darden.virginia.edu; jrmerric@vcu.edu; jrsimon@nps.edu; wu@chicagobooth.edu RI Bickel, J. Eric/H-6149-2013; Abbas, Ali/J-6450-2014; OI Abbas, Ali/0000-0002-4432-1434; Simon, Jay/0000-0003-3377-0987 NR 67 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 22 PU INFORMS PI CATONSVILLE PA 5521 RESEARCH PARK DR, SUITE 200, CATONSVILLE, MD 21228 USA SN 1545-8490 EI 1545-8504 J9 DECIS ANAL JI Decis. Anal. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 9 IS 4 BP 297 EP 302 DI 10.1287/deca.1120.0255 PG 6 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA 052FG UT WOS:000312182500001 ER PT J AU Ross, IM Karpenko, M AF Ross, I. Michael Karpenko, Mark TI A review of pseudospectral optimal control: From theory to flight SO ANNUAL REVIEWS IN CONTROL LA English DT Review DE Pseudospectral optimal control; Convergence theorems; Flight applications; Embedded platforms ID FEEDBACK LINEARIZABLE SYSTEMS; TRAJECTORY OPTIMIZATION; CONVERGENCE AB The home space for optimal control is a Sobolev space. The home space for pseudospectral theory is also a Sobolev space. It thus seems natural to combine pseudospectral theory with optimal control theory and construct "pseudospectral optimal control theory", a term coined by Ross. In this paper, we review key theoretical results in pseudospectral optimal control that have proven to be critical for a successful flight. Implementation details of flight demonstrations onboard NASA spacecraft are discussed along with emerging trends and techniques in both theory and practice. The 2011 launch of pseudospectral optimal control in embedded platforms is changing the way in which we see solutions to challenging control problems in aerospace and autonomous systems. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ross, I. Michael; Karpenko, Mark] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Ross, IM (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. EM imross@nps.edu NR 74 TC 61 Z9 65 U1 3 U2 43 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1367-5788 J9 ANNU REV CONTROL JI Annu. Rev. Control PD DEC PY 2012 VL 36 IS 2 BP 182 EP 197 DI 10.1016/j.arcontrol.2012.09.002 PG 16 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA 048QK UT WOS:000311927400002 ER PT J AU Williams, JG Efroimsky, M AF Williams, James G. Efroimsky, Michael TI Bodily tides near the 1:1 spin-orbit resonance: correction to Goldreich's dynamical model SO CELESTIAL MECHANICS & DYNAMICAL ASTRONOMY LA English DT Article DE Bodily tides; Land tides; Moon; Libration; Spin-orbit resonance; Planetary satellites ID TIDAL DISSIPATION; MERCURYS CAPTURE; EVOLUTION; SATELLITES; FRICTION; EXOPLANETS; PLANETS; STATES; CORE AB Spin-orbit coupling is often described in an approach known as "the MacDonald torque", which has long become the textbook standard due to its apparent simplicity. Within this method, a concise expression for the additional tidal potential, derived by MacDonald (Rev Geophys 2:467-541, 1994), is combined with a convenient assumption that the quality factor Q is frequency-independent (or, equivalently, that the geometric lag angle is constant in time). This makes the treatment unphysical because MacDonald's derivation of the said formula was, very implicitly, based on keeping the time lag frequency-independent, which is equivalent to setting Q scale as the inverse tidal frequency. This contradiction requires the entire MacDonald treatment of both non-resonant and resonant rotation to be rewritten. The non-resonant case was reconsidered by Efroimsky and Williams (Cel Mech Dyn Astron 104:257-289, 2009), in application to spin modes distant from the major commensurabilities. In the current paper, we continue this work by introducing the necessary alterations into the MacDonald-torque-based model of falling into a 1-to-1 resonance. (The original version of this model was offered by Goldreich (Astron J 71:1-7, 1996). Although the MacDonald torque, both in its original formulation and in its corrected version, is incompatible with realistic rheologies of minerals and mantles, it remains a useful toy model, which enables one to obtain, in some situations, qualitatively meaningful results without resorting to the more rigorous (and complicated) theory of Darwin and Kaula. We first address this simplified model in application to an oblate primary body, with tides raised on it by an orbiting zero-inclination secondary. (Here the role of the tidally-perturbed primary can be played by a satellite, the perturbing secondary being its host planet. A planet may as well be the perturbed primary, its host star acting as the tide-raising secondary). We then extend the model to a triaxial primary body experiencing both a tidal and a permanent-figure torque exerted by an orbiting secondary. We consider the effect of the triaxiality on both circulating and librating rotation near the synchronous state. Circulating rotation may evolve toward the libration region or toward a spin faster than synchronous (the so-called pseudosynchronous spin). Which behaviour depends on the orbit eccentricity, the triaxial figure of the primary, and the mass ratio of the secondary and primary bodies. The spin evolution will always stall for the oblate case. For libration with a small amplitude, expressions are derived for the libration frequency, damping rate, and average orientation. Importantly, the stability of pseudosynchronous spin hinges upon the dissipation model. Makarove and Efroimsky (Astrophys J, 2012) have found that a more realistic tidal dissipation model than the corrected MacDonald torque makes pseudosynchronous spin unstable. Besides, for a sufficiently large triaxiality, pseudosynchronism is impossible, no matter what dissipation model is used. C1 [Efroimsky, Michael] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. [Williams, James G.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Efroimsky, M (reprint author), USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. EM james.g.williams@jpl.nasa.gov; efroimsk@ima.umn.edu OI Efroimsky, Michael/0000-0003-1249-9622 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX We are indebted to Sylvio Ferraz-Mello for numerous fruitful discussions on the theory of bodily tides and for referring us to the paper by Rodriguez et al. (2008). We also express our deep thanks to Anthony Dobrovolskis whose review of our manuscript was very comprehensive and extremely helpful. A portion of the research described in this paper was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory of the California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Government sponsorship acknowledged. NR 42 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-2958 EI 1572-9478 J9 CELEST MECH DYN ASTR JI Celest. Mech. Dyn. Astron. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 114 IS 4 BP 387 EP 414 DI 10.1007/s10569-012-9446-7 PG 28 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics GA 050RL UT WOS:000312071600005 ER PT J AU Gingeras, R AF Gingeras, Ryan TI A Question of Genocide: Armenians and Turks at the End of the Ottoman Empire SO ENGLISH HISTORICAL REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 [Gingeras, Ryan] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Gingeras, R (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0013-8266 J9 ENGL HIST REV JI Engl. Hist. Rev. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 127 IS 529 BP 1570 EP 1572 DI 10.1093/ehr/ces294 PG 4 WC History SC History GA 049IS UT WOS:000311976700055 ER PT J AU Ostanek, JK Thole, KA AF Ostanek, Jason K. Thole, Karen A. TI Effect of streamwise spacing on periodic and random unsteadiness in a bundle of short cylinders confined in a channel SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID PIN FIN ARRAYS; HEAT-TRANSFER; TUBE BUNDLES; FLOW; TURBULENCE; DYNAMICS; WAKE AB While flow across long tube bundles is considered classical data, pin-fin arrays made up of short tubes have become a growing topic of interest for use in cooling gas turbine airfoils. Data from the literature indicate that decreasing streamwise spacing increases heat transfer in pin-fin arrays; however, the specific mechanism that causes increased heat transfer coefficients remains unknown. The present work makes use of time-resolved PIV to quantify the effects of streamwise spacing on the turbulent near wake throughout various pin-fin array spacings. Specifically, proper orthogonal decomposition was used to separate the (quasi-) periodic motion from vortex shedding and the random motion from turbulent eddies. Reynolds number flow conditions of 3.0 x 10(3) and 2.0 x 10(4), based on pin-fin diameter and velocity at the minimum flow area, were considered. Streamwise spacing was varied from 3.46 pin diameters to 1.73 pin diameters while the pin-fin height-to-diameter ratio was unity and the spanwise spacing was held constant at two diameters. Results indicated that (quasi-) periodic motions were attenuated at closer streamwise spacings while the level of random motions was not strongly dependent on pin-fin spacing. This trend was observed at both Reynolds number conditions considered. Because closer spacings exhibit higher heat transfer levels, the present results imply that periodic motions may not contribute to heat transfer, although further experimentation is required. C1 [Ostanek, Jason K.; Thole, Karen A.] Penn State Univ, Mech & Nucl Engn Dept, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Ostanek, Jason K.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Ostanek, JK (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Mech & Nucl Engn Dept, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM jason.ostanek@navy.mil; kthole@engr.psu.edu OI thole, karen/0000-0003-0795-8724 FU Science, Math, and Research for Transformation (SMART) fellowship program; Department of Defense (DoD) FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Science, Math, and Research for Transformation (SMART) fellowship program and the Department of Defense (DoD) for sponsoring this work. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0723-4864 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD DEC PY 2012 VL 53 IS 6 BP 1779 EP 1796 DI 10.1007/s00348-012-1394-1 PG 18 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 050SQ UT WOS:000312074700012 ER PT J AU Patrick, MA Holt, JA Joye, CD De Lucia, FC AF Patrick, Mark A. Holt, Jennifer A. Joye, Colin D. De Lucia, Frank C. TI Elimination of speckle and target orientation requirements in millimeter-wave active imaging by modulated multimode mixing illumination SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID CONCEALED-OBJECT DETECTION; REDUCTION; SYSTEM; DEPENDENCE; DETECTORS; CAMERA; NOISE; ARRAY AB Active imaging can provide significantly larger signal margins in the millimeter-wave spectral region than passive imaging, especially indoors-an important application for which there is no cold sky illumination. However, coherent effects, such as speckle, negate much of this advantage by destroying image clarity and target recognition. Moreover, active imaging demonstrations often use strategically chosen target orientations to optimally reflect power from the active illuminator back to the imaging receiver. In this paper we will discuss and show experimental results for a new active imaging approach that largely eliminates coherent effects and the need for optimized target orientation. The work described uses a synthesized harmonic multiplier chain to drive a 5 W extended interaction klystron at 218.4 GHz, a mechanical mode mixer to illuminate and modulate many modes, and a heterodyne receiver coupled into a 60 cm scanning mirror. Large signal margins were obtained in this similar to 50 m range work, showing paths to imaging at similar to 1 km, imaging with considerably less powerful illuminators, and the use of focal plane arrays. (c) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Patrick, Mark A.; Holt, Jennifer A.; De Lucia, Frank C.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Joye, Colin D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP De Lucia, FC (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM fcd@mps.ohio-state.edu FU Army Research Office; DARPA FX We would like to thank the Army Research Office and DARPA for their support of this work. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 29 IS 12 BP 2643 EP 2656 PG 14 WC Optics SC Optics GA 049NL UT WOS:000311989700017 PM 23455915 ER PT J AU Lukin, V White, A AF Lukin, Vyacheslav White, Anne TI Open letter to the associate director for DOE's Office of Fusion Energy Sciences SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter C1 [Lukin, Vyacheslav] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [White, Anne] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Lukin, V (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD DEC PY 2012 VL 65 IS 12 BP 14 EP 14 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 050KL UT WOS:000312052100007 ER PT J AU Carstairs, SD Griffith, EA Alayin, T Ejike, JC Cantrell, FL AF Carstairs, Shaun D. Griffith, Erin A. Alayin, Tyler Ejike, Janeth C. Cantrell, F. Lee TI Recurrent Seizure Activity in a Child After Acute Vilazodone Ingestion SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID SEROTONIN SYNDROME C1 [Carstairs, Shaun D.] USN, Dept Emergency Med, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Griffith, Erin A.] USN Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, Twentynine Palms, CA USA. [Alayin, Tyler; Ejike, Janeth C.] Loma Linda Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Loma Linda, CA USA. [Cantrell, F. Lee] Calif Poison Control Syst, San Diego, CA USA. RP Carstairs, SD (reprint author), USN, Dept Emergency Med, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. OI Carstairs, Shaun/0000-0003-4558-9704 NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 60 IS 6 BP 819 EP 820 DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2012.06.020 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 047CO UT WOS:000311815500030 PM 23178026 ER PT J AU Kwon, YW Violette, MA McCrillis, RD Didoszak, JM AF Kwon, Y. W. Violette, M. A. McCrillis, R. D. Didoszak, J. M. TI Transient Dynamic Response and Failure of Sandwich Composite Structures under Impact Loading with Fluid Structure Interaction SO APPLIED COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Fluid-structure interaction; Sandwich composites; Damage; Impact AB The objective of this study is to examine the Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) effect on transient dynamic response and failure of sandwich composite structures under impact loading. The primary sandwich composite used in this study consisted of a 6.35 mm balsa core and a multi-ply symmetrical plain weave 6 oz E-glass skin. Both clamped sandwich composite plates and beams were studied using a uniquely designed vertical drop-weight testing machine. There were three impact conditions on which these experiments focused. The first of these conditions was completely dry (or air surrounded) testing. The second condition was completely water submerged. The final condition was also a water submerged test with air support at the backside of the plates. The tests were conducted sequentially, progressing from a low to high drop height to determine the onset and spread of damage to the sandwich composite when impacted with the test machine. The study showed the FSI effect on sandwich composite structures is very critical such that impact force, strain response, and damage size are generally much greater with FSI under the same impact condition. As a result, damage initiates at much lower impact energy conditions with the effect of FSI. Neglecting to account for FSI effects on sandwich composite structures results in very non-conservative analysis and design. Additionally, it was observed that the damage location changed for sandwich composite beams with the effect of FSI. C1 [Kwon, Y. W.; Violette, M. A.; McCrillis, R. D.; Didoszak, J. M.] USN, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kwon, YW (reprint author), USN, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ywkwon@nps.edu NR 15 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-189X EI 1573-4897 J9 APPL COMPOS MATER JI Appl. Compos. Mater. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 19 IS 6 BP 921 EP 940 DI 10.1007/s10443-012-9249-8 PG 20 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 045AJ UT WOS:000311666000007 ER PT J AU Kennedy, CH Evans, JP Chee, S Moore, JL Barth, JT Stuessi, KA AF Kennedy, Carrie H. Evans, J. Porter Chee, Shawnna Moore, Jeffrey L. Barth, Jeffrey T. Stuessi, Keith A. TI Return to Combat Duty after Concussive Blast Injury SO ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Assessment; Head injury; Traumatic Brain Injury; Posttraumatic stress; Disorder ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; SPORTS-RELATED CONCUSSION; REPETITIVE HEAD-INJURY; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE; IRAQI FREEDOM; MILD TBI; AFGHANISTAN; SOLDIERS; SYMPTOMS; VETERANS AB Little data exist regarding the acute assessment of blast concussion and the course of recovery in the combat zone, as most research has examined service members long after they have returned home. This manuscript examined a case series of 377 service members seen for acute concussion evaluation following medical evacuation from the battlefield in Helmand Province, Afghanistan. Of these, 111 were assessed for concussion prior to their return to the continental USA for other severe physical injuries. Of the remainder, and when comparing those who returned to duty (RTD)/recovered from concussion in the combat zone and those who did not, data indicate that those who did not RTD were older and were more likely to endorse symptoms of combat stress. Quicker recovery times were associated with less severe headaches and fewer acute symptoms at the time of injury as well as the absence of combat stress reaction. Variables that were not associated with RTD and/or recovery were Military Acute Concussion Evaluation (MACE) cognitive scores and whether or not individuals suffered loss of consciousness. While MACE scores were not associated with recovery, they were deemed clinically useful as a part of a serial concussion evaluation if the initial MACE was given within 6 h of the blast. Implications for battlefield concussion assessment and management as well as future research directions are discussed. C1 [Kennedy, Carrie H.] Marine Corps Embassy Secur Grp, Dept Behav Sci, Quantico, VA 22134 USA. [Evans, J. Porter; Chee, Shawnna; Barth, Jeffrey T.] Univ Virginia, Dept Neuropsychol, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Moore, Jeffrey L.] USN, Operat Med Inst, Robert E Mitchell Prisoner War Studies Ctr, Pensacola, FL USA. [Stuessi, Keith A.] USN, Hosp Camp Pendleton, Dept Sports Med, Camp Pendleton, CA USA. RP Kennedy, CH (reprint author), Marine Corps Embassy Secur Grp, Dept Behav Sci, 2007 Elliot Rd, Quantico, VA 22134 USA. EM carriehillkennedy@gmail.com NR 50 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0887-6177 J9 ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH JI Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 27 IS 8 BP 817 EP 827 DI 10.1093/arclin/acs092 PG 11 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology SC Psychology GA 044RO UT WOS:000311641000001 PM 23059351 ER PT J AU Millett, PJ Gaskill, TR Horan, MP van der Meijden, OA AF Millett, Peter J. Gaskill, Trevor R. Horan, Marilee P. van der Meijden, Olivier A. TI Technique and Outcomes of Arthroscopic Scapulothoracic Bursectomy and Partial Scapulectomy SO ARTHROSCOPY-THE JOURNAL OF ARTHROSCOPIC AND RELATED SURGERY LA English DT Article ID SNAPPING SCAPULA SYNDROME; MANAGEMENT; RESECTION; ANATOMY AB Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of arthroscopic scapulothoracic bursectomy in patients with snapping scapula syndrome with a minimum of 2 years' follow-up. Methods: In this institutional review board-approved retrospective study, 23 shoulders in 21 consecutive patients were identified that had undergone arthroscopic treatment of snapping scapula syndrome. Each patient described mechanical symptoms with failure of nonsurgical modalities and reported symptomatic relief from a local anesthetic injection before surgical intervention. Preoperative and postoperative pain and functioning levels were assessed with the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), QuickDASH (shortened version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire), and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) shoulder scores, and patient satisfaction was recorded on a 10-point visual analog scale. Univariate and paired t tests were used for data analysis. Significance was established at P <= .05. Results: The mean age at the time of surgery was 33 years (SD, 14 years). A scapulothoracic bursectomy alone was performed in 2 shoulders, and the remaining 21 shoulders underwent both bursectomy and scapuloplasty of the superomedial or inferomedial scapular border. At a mean follow-up of 2.5 years (SD, 0.57 years), a significant improvement in the median ASES score was noted, from 53 points (range, 17 to 83 points) preoperatively to 73 points (range, 32 to 100 points) postoperatively (P = .001). The mean SANE and QuickDASH scores at follow-up were 73 (SD, 27) and 35 (SD, 30), respectively. Overall, median patient satisfaction with surgical outcome was 6 of 10 (range, 1 to 10). Of the shoulders, 3 (13%) underwent revision for persistent scapulothoracic pain. Conclusions: Snapping scapula syndrome can be a debilitating disorder. Although significant pain and functional improvement can be expected after arthroscopic bursectomy and scapuloplasty, the average postoperative ASES and SANE scores remain lower than expected. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series. C1 [Millett, Peter J.; Horan, Marilee P.; van der Meijden, Olivier A.] Steadman Philippon Res Inst, Vail, CO 81657 USA. [Gaskill, Trevor R.] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP Millett, PJ (reprint author), Steadman Philippon Res Inst, 181 Meadow Dr,Ste 400, Vail, CO 81657 USA. EM drmillett@thesteadmanclinic.com NR 32 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0749-8063 J9 ARTHROSCOPY JI Arthroscopy PD DEC PY 2012 VL 28 IS 12 BP 1776 EP 1783 DI 10.1016/j.arthro.2012.05.889 PG 8 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 046FS UT WOS:000311751500010 PM 23079291 ER PT J AU Gauch, E LeBlanc, J Shukla, A AF Gauch, Erin LeBlanc, James Shukla, Arun TI Response of preloaded thin composite panels subjected to underwater explosive loading SO COMPUTERS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE Composite materials; Composite damage; Underwater explosion; Preload; Buckling ID IMPACT DAMAGE; DYNAMIC-RESPONSE; SQUARE PLATES; DEFORMATION AB The effect of preloading on thin composite plates subjected to underwater explosive loading has been studied through computational simulations. In this study the effects of three types of in plane preloading are considered: (1) directly applied compression, (2) indirectly applied compression, and (3) directly applied tension. The effects of the preloading conditions are assessed using the plate center point deflection, material damage, and delamination evolution. The results show that for thin composite plates subjected to underwater shock loading conditions there is a minimal effect of preload on the response of the plates or the amount of damage and delamination sustained. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Gauch, Erin; LeBlanc, James] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Shukla, Arun] Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. RP Gauch, E (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM ERIN.GAUCH@Navy.mil FU Naval Undersea Warfare Center (Division Newport) Platform and Payload Integration Department [40]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-10-1-0662]; NUWC FX The financial support of the Naval Undersea Warfare Center (Division Newport) Platform and Payload Integration Department, Code 40, directed by Mr. Mark Rodrigues is greatly acknowledged as well as the NUWC Fellowship Program directed by Dr. Pierre Corriveau. Arun Shukla would like to acknowledge the support of Office of Naval Research under ONR Grant No. N00014-10-1-0662 (Dr. Y.D.S. Rajapakse) to the University of Rhode Island. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-7949 J9 COMPUT STRUCT JI Comput. Struct. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 112 BP 342 EP 353 DI 10.1016/j.compstruc.2012.08.001 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Civil SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 044BX UT WOS:000311595500013 ER PT J AU Coleman, JO AF Coleman, Jeffrey O. TI Chebyshev Stopbands for CIC Decimation Filters and CIC-Implemented Array Tapers in 1D and 2D SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS LA English DT Article DE Digital signal processing; digital filters ID DELTA-A/D CONVERTERS; POLYPHASE DECOMPOSITION; ECONOMICAL CLASS; DESIGN; SCHEMES AB The stopbands of a cascaded integrator-comb (CIC) decimation filter are ordinarily very narrow, as each results from a single multiple zero. Here response sharpening with a Chebyshev polynomial, using a previously reported CIC variant, separates each such multiple zero into an equiripple stopband. By trading unneeded depth at stopband center for improved depth at the stopband edge, the latter depth improves by some 6(N-1) dB in an Nth-order system. Increased computational complexity is modest: a few low-speed additions and multiplications by small integer coefficients that can often be chosen as powers of two. Alternatively, parameters can be configured to replace the many small stopbands with one large one, and this is demonstrated here with example spatial-processing CIC designs that create pencil beams for 1D and 2D receive antenna arrays. C1 USN, Div Radar, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Coleman, JO (reprint author), USN, Div Radar, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jeffc@alum.mit.edu FU Naval Research Laboratory FX This work was supported by the base program of the Naval Research Laboratory. This paper was recommended by Associate Editor Chien-Cheng Tseng. NR 55 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1549-8328 EI 1558-0806 J9 IEEE T CIRCUITS-I JI IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I-Regul. Pap. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 59 IS 12 BP 2956 EP 2968 DI 10.1109/TCSI.2012.2206435 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 046ZB UT WOS:000311803300015 ER PT J AU Ganapathy, H Banerjee, S Dimitrov, NB Caramanis, C AF Ganapathy, Harish Banerjee, Siddhartha Dimitrov, Nedialko B. Caramanis, Constantine TI Feedback Allocation for OFDMA Systems With Slow Frequency-Domain Scheduling SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Convex relaxations; limited feedback; multi-user feedback allocation; random vector quantization; sub-modular functions; throughput-optimal; uplink feedback ID LIMITED FEEDBACK; RESOURCE-ALLOCATION; WIRELESS SYSTEMS; FAST ALGORITHMS; SUM RATE; PERFORMANCE; NETWORKS; THROUGHPUT; OPTIMALITY; POLICIES AB We study the problem of allocating limited feedback resources across multiple users in an orthogonal-frequency-division-multiple-access downlink system with slow frequency-domain scheduling. Many flavors of slow frequency-domain scheduling (e. g., persistent scheduling, semi-persistent scheduling), that adapt user-sub-band assignments on a slower time-scale, are being considered in standards such as 3GPP Long-Term Evolution. In this paper, we develop a feedback allocation algorithm that operates in conjunction with any arbitrary slow frequency-domain scheduler with the goal of improving the throughput of the system. Given a user-sub-band assignment chosen by the scheduler, the feedback allocation algorithm involves solving a weighted sum-rate maximization at each (slow) scheduling instant. We first develop an optimal dynamic-programming-based algorithm to solve the feedback allocation problem with pseudo-polynomial complexity in the number of users and in the total feedback bit budget. We then propose two approximation algorithms with complexity further reduced, for scenarios where the problem exhibits additional structure. C1 [Ganapathy, Harish; Banerjee, Siddhartha; Caramanis, Constantine] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Dimitrov, Nedialko B.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Ganapathy, H (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM harishg@utexas.edu; siddhartha@utexas.edu; ned@nps.edu; caramanis@mail.utexas.edu NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 60 IS 12 BP 6630 EP 6640 DI 10.1109/TSP.2012.2218243 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 046ZP UT WOS:000311805000039 ER PT J AU Burnett, DS AF Burnett, David S. TI RADIATION BOUNDARY CONDITIONS FOR THE HELMHOLTZ EQUATION FOR ELLIPSOIDAL, PROLATE SPHEROIDAL, OBLATE SPHEROIDAL AND SPHERICAL DOMAIN BOUNDARIES SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL ACOUSTICS LA English DT Review DE Radiation boundary conditions; absorbing boundary conditions; ellipsoidal boundary conditions; Helmholtz equation; finite elements ID PERFECTLY MATCHED LAYER; CONVEX ARTIFICIAL BOUNDARIES; ACOUSTIC SCATTERING PROBLEMS; INFINITE ELEMENT; NUMERICAL-SOLUTION; WAVES; PERFORMANCE; FORMULATION; EXPANSION; SHAPES AB One of the most popular radiation boundary conditions for the Helmholtz equation in exterior 3-D regions has been the sequence of operators developed by Bayliss et al. 1 for computational domains with spherical exterior boundaries. The present paper extends those spherical operators to triaxial ellipsoidal boundaries by utilizing two mathematical constructs originally developed for ellipsoidal acoustic infinite elements. 2 The two constructs are: (i) a radial/angular coordinate system for ellipsoidal geometry, and (ii) a convergent ellipsoidal radial expansion for exterior fields, analogous to the classical spherical multipole expansion. The ellipsoidal radial and angular coordinates are smooth generalizations of the traditional radial and angular coordinates used in spherical, prolate spheroidal and oblate spheroidal systems. As a result, all four coordinate systems and their corresponding radiation boundary conditions are included within this single ellipsoidal system, varying smoothly from one to the other. The geometric flexibility of this system enables the exterior boundary of the computational domain to closely circumscribe objects with a wide range of aspect ratios, thereby reducing the size and cost of 3-D computational models. C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Littoral Acoust & Target Phys Branch, Panama City Div, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. RP Burnett, DS (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Littoral Acoust & Target Phys Branch, Panama City Div, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. EM david.s.burnett@navy.mil NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 14 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-396X J9 J COMPUT ACOUST JI J. Comput. Acoust. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 20 IS 4 AR 1230001 DI 10.1142/S0218396X12300010 PG 35 WC Acoustics; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Acoustics; Mathematics GA 046WZ UT WOS:000311796800001 ER PT J AU Royset, JO Pee, EY AF Royset, J. O. Pee, E. Y. TI Rate of Convergence Analysis of Discretization and Smoothing Algorithms for Semiinfinite Minimax Problems SO JOURNAL OF OPTIMIZATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Semiinfinite minimax problems; Robust optimization; Discretization algorithms; Rate of convergence; Exponential smoothing technique ID OPTIMIZATION AB Discretization algorithms for semiinfinite minimax problems replace the original problem, containing an infinite number of functions, by an approximation involving a finite number, and then solve the resulting approximate problem. The approximation gives rise to a discretization error, and suboptimal solution of the approximate problem gives rise to an optimization error. Accounting for both discretization and optimization errors, we determine the rate of convergence of discretization algorithms, as a computing budget tends to infinity. We find that the rate of convergence depends on the class of optimization algorithms used to solve the approximate problem as well as the policy for selecting discretization level and number of optimization iterations. We construct optimal policies that achieve the best possible rate of convergence and find that, under certain circumstances, the better rate is obtained by inexpensive gradient methods. C1 [Royset, J. O.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Pee, E. Y.] Def Sci & Technol Agcy, Operat Anal & Simulat, Singapore, Singapore. RP Royset, JO (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM joroyset@nps.edu FU AFOSR FX J.O. Royset acknowledges support from AFOSR Young Investigator and Optimization & Discrete Math. Programs. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-3239 J9 J OPTIMIZ THEORY APP JI J. Optim. Theory Appl. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 155 IS 3 BP 855 EP 882 DI 10.1007/s10957-012-0109-3 PG 28 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA 046SK UT WOS:000311784500007 ER PT J AU Hubler, GK Grabowski, KS Knies, DL Walker, RA Hagelstein, PL AF Hubler, Graham K. Grabowski, Kenneth S. Knies, David L. Walker, Randy A. Hagelstein, Peter L. TI Anomalous Energetic Proton Emission during 170 keV Deuteron Bombardment of TiD2 SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE energetic proton emission; d-d nuclear reaction; deuteron irradiation; Ti deuteride; anomalous nuclear effects; cross section AB TiH2 and TiD2 thick targets were bombarded with 170 keV protons and with 170 keV deuterons. Charged particles from nuclear reactions were observed by means of a surface barrier particle detector shielded by an energy absorbing foil. Deuteron irradiation of TiD2 produced these observations: copious similar to 2.5MeV neutrons and similar to 3MeV protons from direct d-d reactions, gamma rays from p,gamma and n,gamma reactions, similar to 14MeV protons from the secondary d(He-3,p)alpha reaction, and an anomalous, broad energy distribution proton signal between similar to 5-11 MeV. Our observations confirm the anomalous proton emission at a rate similar to 4 x 10(-5) of the d-d fusion rate. C1 [Hubler, Graham K.; Grabowski, Kenneth S.; Knies, David L.; Walker, Randy A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hagelstein, Peter L.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Hubler, GK (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6360, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM graham.hubler@nrl.navy.mil OI Grabowski, Kenneth/0000-0003-0816-001X NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034, JAPAN SN 0031-9015 J9 J PHYS SOC JPN JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 81 IS 12 AR 124203 DI 10.1143/JPSJ.81.124203 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 046VX UT WOS:000311793600016 ER PT J AU Angevine, WM Eddington, L Durkee, K Fairall, C Bianco, L Brioude, J AF Angevine, Wayne M. Eddington, Lee Durkee, Kevin Fairall, Chris Bianco, Laura Brioude, Jerome TI Meteorological Model Evaluation for CalNex 2010 SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID LOW-LEVEL WINDS; CALIFORNIA CENTRAL VALLEY; BOUNDARY-LAYER; CATALINA EDDY; WRF MODEL; SOUTHEAST PACIFIC; FIELD CAMPAIGN; PARAMETERIZATION; SENSITIVITY; IMPLEMENTATION AB The performance of mesoscale meteorological models is evaluated for the coastal zone and Los Angeles area of Southern California, and for the San Joaquin Valley. Several configurations of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) with differing grid spacing, initialization, planetary boundary layer (PBL) physics, and land surface models are compared. One configuration of the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS) model is also included, providing results from an independent development and process flow. Specific phenomena of interest for air quality studies are examined. All model configurations are biased toward higher wind speeds than observed. The diurnal cycle of wind direction and speed (land-sea-breeze cycle) as modeled and observed by a wind profiler at Los Angeles International Airport is examined. Each of the models shows different flaws in the cycle. Soundings from San Nicolas Island, a case study involving the Research Vessel (R/V) Atlantis and the NOAA P3 aircraft, and satellite images are used to evaluate simulation performance for cloudy boundary layers. In a case study, the boundary layer structure over the water is poorly simulated by all of the WRF configurations except one with the total energy-mass flux boundary layer scheme and ECMWF reanalysis. The original WRF configuration had a substantial bias toward low PBL heights in the San Joaquin Valley, which are improved in the final configuration. WRF runs with 12-km grids have larger errors in wind speed and direction than those present in the 4-km grid runs. C1 [Angevine, Wayne M.; Fairall, Chris; Bianco, Laura; Brioude, Jerome] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Angevine, Wayne M.; Bianco, Laura; Brioude, Jerome] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Eddington, Lee] USN, Geophys Branch, Air Warfare Ctr Weap Div, Point Mugu Nawc, CA USA. [Durkee, Kevin] S Coast Air Qual Management Dist, Diamond Bar, CA USA. RP Angevine, WM (reprint author), NOAA, ESRL R CSD4, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM wayne.m.angevine@noaa.gov RI Brioude, Jerome/E-4629-2011; Angevine, Wayne/H-9849-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015 OI Angevine, Wayne/0000-0002-8021-7116; FU High-Performance Computing Program FX Many individuals and organizations contributed to the CalNex study and the data used here. We are grateful to James Cummings, Naval Research Lab, for the GODAE SST data; Joost deGouw and Martin Graus for the CalTech meteorological data; Michael Trainer, Sara Lance, Tom Ryerson, NOAA/ESRL, and NOAA/AOC for WP3 planning, operations, and data; Trish Quinn for R/V Atlantis operations; Dan Wolfe for Atlantis data; and the NOAA/ESRL/PSD2 group for the Chowchilla wind profiler data. Cloud fraction data used in Fig. 6 were provided by Andrew Heidinger of NOAA/NESDIS. Thorsten Mauritsen was the key partner in the development of TEMF. Simulations were run at NOAA/ESRL, and we thank the High-Performance Computing Program for their support. Stephan de Roode provided the critical idea for the cloud fraction parameterization within TEMF. The ERA-interim data for this study are from the Research Data Archive (RDA), which is maintained by the Computational and Information Systems Laboratory (CISL) at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). The original data are available from the RDA (http://dss.ucar.edu) in dataset number ds627.0 Leon Dolislager of the California Air Resources Board and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on the manuscript. NR 63 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 4 U2 50 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 140 IS 12 BP 3885 EP 3906 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00042.1 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 048XA UT WOS:000311945300006 ER PT J AU Hendricks, EA McNoldy, BD Schubert, WH AF Hendricks, Eric A. McNoldy, Brian D. Schubert, Wayne H. TI Observed Inner-Core Structural Variability in Hurricane Dolly (2008) SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID PART I; 3-DIMENSIONAL PERTURBATIONS; SIMULATED HURRICANE; INTENSITY; VORTICES; MESOVORTICES; EYE; INSTABILITIES; EVOLUTION AB Hurricane Dolly (2008) exhibited dramatic inner-core structural variability during a 6-h rapid intensification and deepening event just prior to making landfall in southern Texas at 1800 UTC 23 July. In particular, the eyewall was highly asymmetric from 0634-1243 UTC, with azimuthal wavenumber m = 4-7 patterns in the eyewall radar reflectivity and prominent mesovortex and polygonal eyewall signatures. Evidence is presented that the most likely cause of the high-wavenumber asymmetries is a convectively modified form of barotropic instability of the thin eyewall potential vorticity ring. The rapid intensification and deepening event occurred while Dolly was in a favorable environment with weak deep-layer vertical wind shear and warm sea surface temperatures; however, the environmental conditions were becoming less favorable during the period of rapid intensification. Therefore, it is plausible that the internal vortex dynamics were dominant contributors to the rapid intensification and deepening. C1 [Hendricks, Eric A.] USN, Marine Meteorol Div, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [McNoldy, Brian D.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Schubert, Wayne H.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Hendricks, EA (reprint author), USN, Marine Meteorol Div, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM eric.hendricks@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [0602435N]; NRL; National Oceanographic Partnership Program (NOPP) through ONR [N00014-08-1-0250, N00014-10-1-0145]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [ATM-0837932] FX EH acknowledges the support of the Office of Naval Research (ONR) Program Element (PE) 0602435N, and the NRL base program. BM acknowledges the support of the National Oceanographic Partnership Program (NOPP) through ONR Contract N00014-08-1-0250. WS acknowledges the support of NOPP through ONR Contract N00014-10-1-0145 as well as the National Science Foundation (NSF) through Grant ATM-0837932. The authors thank Jim Kossin and an anonymous reviewer for insightful comments that led to improvements in this manuscript. The authors also thank Scott Fulton, John Knaff, Mark DeMaria, Melinda Peng, and Jim Doyle for their comments and assistance. NR 23 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 140 IS 12 BP 4066 EP 4077 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00018.1 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 048XA UT WOS:000311945300017 ER PT J AU Emmert, JT Stevens, MH Bernath, PF Drob, DP Boone, CD AF Emmert, J. T. Stevens, M. H. Bernath, P. F. Drob, D. P. Boone, C. D. TI Observations of increasing carbon dioxide concentration in Earth's thermosphere SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERE; CO2 AB Carbon dioxide occurs naturally throughout Earth's atmosphere. In the thermosphere, CO2 is the primary radiative cooling agent and fundamentally affects the energy balance and temperature of this high-altitude atmospheric layer(1,2). Anthropogenic CO2 increases are expected to propagate upward throughout the entire atmosphere, which should result in a cooler, more contracted thermosphere(3-5). This contraction, in turn, will reduce atmospheric drag on satellites and may have adverse consequences for the orbital debris environment that is already unstable(6,7). However, observed thermospheric mass density trends derived from satellite orbits are generally stronger than model predictions(8,9), indicating that our quantitative understanding of these changes is incomplete. So far, CO2 trends have been measured only up to 35 km altitude(10-12). Here, we present direct evidence that CO2 concentrations in the upper atmosphere-probably the primary driver of long-term thermospheric trends-are increasing. We analyse eight years of CO2 and carbon monoxide mixing ratios derived from satellite-based solar occultation spectra. After correcting for seasonal-latitudinal and solar influences, we obtain an estimated global increase in COx (CO2 and CO, combined) concentrations of 23.5 +/- 6.3 ppm per decade at an altitude of 101 km, about 10 ppm per decade faster than predicted by an upper atmospheric model. We suggest that this discrepancy may explain why the thermospheric density decrease is stronger than expected. C1 [Emmert, J. T.; Stevens, M. H.; Drob, D. P.] USN, Space Sci Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bernath, P. F.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Bernath, P. F.; Boone, C. D.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem, W Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Bernath, P. F.] Univ York, Dept Chem, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. RP Emmert, JT (reprint author), USN, Space Sci Div, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.emmert@nrl.navy.mil RI Bernath, Peter/B-6567-2012; Drob, Douglas/G-4061-2014; OI Bernath, Peter/0000-0002-1255-396X; Drob, Douglas/0000-0002-2045-7740; Stevens, Michael/0000-0003-1082-8955 FU Office of Naval Research; NASA Causes and Consequences of the Minimum of Solar Cycle 24 Program; Canadian Space Agency FX Work at NRL was funded by the Office of Naval Research and the NASA Causes and Consequences of the Minimum of Solar Cycle 24 Program. The ACE mission is funded primarily by the Canadian Space Agency. We thank S. McLeod and K. Walker for producing and providing access to the ACE retrievals, and the National Center for Atmospheric Research for providing the global mean model source code (http://www.hao.ucar.edu/modeling/tgcm/). T. Conway and P. Tans of NOAA/ESRL provided the global mean tropospheric CO2 data. J.T.E. thanks D. Siskind and R. Meier for beneficial discussions and suggestions. NR 25 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 32 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1752-0894 J9 NAT GEOSCI JI Nat. Geosci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 5 IS 12 BP 868 EP 871 DI 10.1038/NGEO1626 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 047JH UT WOS:000311835800017 ER PT J AU Loehr, NA Niese, E AF Loehr, Nicholas A. Niese, Elizabeth TI A Bijective Proof of a Factorization Formula for Specialized Macdonald Polynomials SO ANNALS OF COMBINATORICS LA English DT Article DE Macdonald polynomials; inversions; q-multinomial coefficients; bijections ID INVERSION; SEQUENCE AB Let mu and nu = (nu(1), . . . , nu (k) ) be partitions such that mu is obtained from nu by adding m parts of size r. Descouens and Morita proved algebraically that the modified Macdonald polynomials (H) over tilde (mu) (X; q, t) satisfy the identity (H) over tilde (mu)=(H) over tilde (nu)(H) over tilde ((rm)) when the parameter t is specialize to an mth root of unity. Descouens, Morita, and Numata proved this formula bijectively when r <= nu(k) and r is an element of {1, 2}. This note gives a bijective proof of the formula for all r <= nu(k) . C1 [Loehr, Nicholas A.] Virginia Tech, Dept Math, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Loehr, Nicholas A.] USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Niese, Elizabeth] Marshall Univ, Dept Math, Huntington, WV 25755 USA. RP Loehr, NA (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Math, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM nloehr@vt.edu; niese@marshall.edu OI Niese, Elizabeth/0000-0003-3596-5630 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0218-0006 J9 ANN COMB JI Ann. Comb. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 16 IS 4 BP 815 EP 828 DI 10.1007/s00026-012-0162-5 PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 042ZF UT WOS:000311510800012 ER PT J AU Gorham, ED Garland, CF Burgi, AA Mohr, SB Zeng, K Hofflich, H Kim, JJ Ricordi, C AF Gorham, E. D. Garland, C. F. Burgi, A. A. Mohr, S. B. Zeng, K. Hofflich, H. Kim, J. J. Ricordi, C. TI Lower prediagnostic serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration is associated with higher risk of insulin-requiring diabetes: a nested case-control study SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE 25-Hydroxyvitamin D; Insulin-requiring diabetes; Military populations; Nested case-control study; Type 1 diabetes mellitus ID VITAMIN-D; CHILDHOOD; WORLDWIDE; MELLITUS AB Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration may increase risk of insulin-requiring diabetes. A nested case-control study was performed using serum collected during 2002-2008 from military service members. One thousand subjects subsequently developed insulin-requiring diabetes. A healthy control was individually matched to each case on blood-draw date (+/- 2 days), age (+/- 3 months), length of service (+/- 30 days) and sex. The median elapsed time between serum collection and first diagnosis of diabetes was 1 year (range 1 month to 10 years). Statistical analysis used matched pairs and conditional logistic regression. ORs for insulin-requiring diabetes by quintile of serum 25(OH)D, from lowest to highest, were 3.5 (95% CI 2.0, 6.0), 2.5 (1.5, 4.2), 0.8 (0.4, 1.4), 1.1 (0.6, 2.8) and 1.0 (reference) (p (trend) < 0.001). The quintiles (based on fifths using serum 25(OH)D concentration in the controls) of serum 25(OH)D in nmol/l, were < 43 (median 28), 43-59 (median 52), 60-77 (median 70), 78-99 (median 88) and a parts per thousand yen100 (median 128). Individuals with lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations had higher risk of insulin-requiring diabetes than those with higher concentrations. A 3.5-fold lower risk was associated with a serum 25(OH)D concentration a parts per thousand yen60 nmol/l. C1 [Gorham, E. D.; Garland, C. F.; Burgi, A. A.; Mohr, S. B.; Zeng, K.; Kim, J. J.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Gorham, E. D.; Garland, C. F.; Mohr, S. B.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Hofflich, H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, Div Internal Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Ricordi, C.] Univ Miami, Miami Diabet Res Inst, Dept Surg, Miller Sch Med, Hollywood, FL USA. [Ricordi, C.] Univ Miami, Cell Transplant Ctr, Miller Sch Med, Hollywood, FL USA. RP Gorham, ED (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM Edward.Gorham@med.navy.mil OI Ricordi, Camillo/0000-0001-8092-7153 FU Congressional allocation to the University of Miami Diabetes Research Institute (Miami, FL, USA), through the Department of the Navy, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery [60126] FX This research was supported by a Congressional allocation to the University of Miami Diabetes Research Institute (Miami, FL, USA), through the Department of the Navy, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, under Work Unit No. 60126. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not represent an official position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the US Government. NR 18 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0012-186X J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PD DEC PY 2012 VL 55 IS 12 BP 3224 EP 3227 DI 10.1007/s00125-012-2709-8 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 027VJ UT WOS:000310381800010 PM 22955995 ER PT J AU Grosser, J Furstenberg, R Kendziora, CA Papantonakis, MR Borchert, J McGill, RA AF Grosser, Jakob Furstenberg, Robert Kendziora, Christopher A. Papantonakis, Michael R. Borchert, James McGill, R. Andrew TI Modeling of the heat transfer in laser-heated small particles on surfaces SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE Modeling; Heat transfer; Laser heating; Particles; Thermal contact resistance; Explosives detection; Photo-thermal ID SMALL GRASHOF NUMBERS; PETN AB Motivated by new photothermal techniques to detect trace quantities of illicit substances, we are examining the heat transfer of small particles randomly distributed on surfaces that are selectively heated by a laser beam. For an optimal choice of laser power, illumination time and other parameters, we need formulas describing how the thermal signal depends on particle size, their distribution on the substrate surface and thermo-physical properties of the materials involved. In this manuscript we compare very simple physical models and computational simulations with experimental data from polyethylene microspheres on a polished copper surface, with diameters ranging from 20 to 200 mu m. Heat transfer through air dominates the process, both for single particles and between particles in clusters. The influence of high particle densities per substrate area on the heat transfer process is factored into the simulation by using a cell with just one particle and symmetric boundary conditions. Further simulations where irregular-shaped carbon pieces were approximated as lying cylinders indicate that our simple model can also describe the thermal behavior of a wider class of realistic particles on solid surfaces. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Furstenberg, Robert; Kendziora, Christopher A.; Papantonakis, Michael R.; Borchert, James; McGill, R. Andrew] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Grosser, Jakob] Bundesamt Wehrtech & Beschaffung, D-56073 Koblenz, Germany. RP Furstenberg, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6365,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Robert.Furstenberg@nrl.navy.mil NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0017-9310 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 55 IS 25-26 BP 8038 EP 8050 DI 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.08.033 PG 13 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 038TE UT WOS:000311196200067 ER PT J AU Kon, AA AF Kon, Alexander A. TI Difficulties in judging patient preferences for shared decision-making SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ETHICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; CHALLENGES; PARENTS; SUPPORT; ICU C1 [Kon, Alexander A.] Univ Calif San Diego, PICU, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Kon, Alexander A.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Kon, AA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, PICU, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Bldg 1,2nd Floor, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM kon.sandiego@gmail.com NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0306-6800 J9 J MED ETHICS JI J. Med. Ethics PD DEC PY 2012 VL 38 IS 12 BP 719 EP 720 DI 10.1136/medethics-2012-100725 PG 2 WC Ethics; Medical Ethics; Social Issues; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Medical Ethics; Social Issues; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 042RO UT WOS:000311488900004 PM 23180253 ER PT J AU Philippon, M Dewing, C Briggs, K Steadman, JR AF Philippon, Marc Dewing, Christopher Briggs, Karen Steadman, J. Richard TI Decreased femoral head-neck offset: a possible risk factor for ACL injury SO KNEE SURGERY SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY ARTHROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE ACL injuries; Femoroacetabular impingement; Alpha angle; Femoral head-neck offset ID ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT; FEMOROACETABULAR IMPINGEMENT; HOCKEY PLAYERS; VIDEO ANALYSIS; HIP-JOINT; OSTEOARTHRITIS; ASPHERICITY; MECHANICS; ALPHA; PAIN AB Purpose Reduction in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in young, active individuals continues to be a major goal in sports medicine. The purpose of this study was to determine the head-neck offset, as measured by AP pelvis alpha angles, in patients presenting to a single surgeon with isolated ACL and non-ACL knee injuries. Methods In a group of 48 patients with complete, primary ACL rupture and 42 controls with non-ACL injury (i.e., meniscus tear, cartilage defect), a single surgeon, blinded to the diagnosis, took radiographic measures of the AP alpha angle of both hips and the weight-bearing line at both knees. All knee pathology was confirmed with knee arthroscopy. Inclusion criteria included no previous hip or knee surgery, and long-leg standing alignment radiographic series completed at index visit. Results There was no difference in gender distribution, height, BMI or age between groups. ACL-injured patients had a significantly higher alpha angle (mean = 84, SD = 14) on the injured side than the controls (mean = 59, SD = 7, p < 0.0001). Ninety-four percent of the ACL-injured group had alpha angles over 60 degrees, while only 35% of the non-ACL-injured group had alpha angles over 60 degrees (p = 0.001). Those patients with alpha angle over 60 degrees were 27 times more likely (95% CI 6.4-131) to be in the ACL injury group than those patients with alpha angle 60 degrees or less (p = 0.001). Conclusion Our findings establish an important preliminary correlation between ACL injury and diminished femoral head-neck offset, as characterized by abnormal, elevated alpha angles. C1 [Philippon, Marc; Briggs, Karen; Steadman, J. Richard] Steadman Philippon Res Inst, Vail, CO 81657 USA. [Dewing, Christopher] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Briggs, K (reprint author), Steadman Philippon Res Inst, 181 W Meadow Dr,Suite 1000, Vail, CO 81657 USA. EM Karen.briggs@sprivail.org FU commercial company (Smith Nephew) FX One or more of the authors have received research funding or something of value from a commercial company (Smith & Nephew). NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0942-2056 J9 KNEE SURG SPORT TR A JI Knee Surg. Sports Traumatol. Arthrosc. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 20 IS 12 BP 2585 EP 2589 DI 10.1007/s00167-012-1881-1 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences; Surgery GA 042ZR UT WOS:000311512200034 PM 22286743 ER PT J AU Gao, JQ Shen, Y Finkel, P Blottman, J Li, JF Viehland, D AF Gao, Junqi Shen, Ying Finkel, Peter Blottman, John Li, Jiefang Viehland, D. TI Geomagnetic field tuned frequency multiplication in Metglas/Pb(Zr, Ti)O-3 heterostructure SO MATERIALS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Magnetoelectric; Frequency multiplication AB We present a frequency multiplication in Metglas/Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 (PZT) magnetoelectric (ME) composites which can be tuned by geomagnetic field. Such effect was observed under small dc magnetic biases, and can be operated over a broad frequency range. Moreover, the geomagnetic field can serve as the "ON-OFF" switch for control of the frequency multiplication in ME composites. Thus, a guidance device could be developed to lock onto the direction with largest component of Earth's field. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gao, Junqi; Shen, Ying; Li, Jiefang; Viehland, D.] Virginia Tech, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Finkel, Peter; Blottman, John] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Gao, JQ (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM junqi08@vt.edu RI Gao, Junqi/F-2989-2012 FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors thank the Office of Naval Research for support of this investigation. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-577X J9 MATER LETT JI Mater. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 88 BP 47 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2012.08.062 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 028LL UT WOS:000310423700014 ER PT J AU Nyakiti, LO Wheeler, VD Garces, NY Myers-Ward, RL Eddy, CR Gaskill, DK AF Nyakiti, L. O. Wheeler, V. D. Garces, N. Y. Myers-Ward, R. L. Eddy, C. R., Jr. Gaskill, D. K. TI Enabling graphene-based technologies: Toward wafer-scale production of epitaxial graphene SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID SILICON-CARBIDE; HETEROEPITAXIAL GRAPHITE; BILAYER GRAPHENE; CARRIER MOBILITY; SI-FACE; GROWTH; 6H-SIC(0001); ELECTRONICS; EVAPORATION; TRANSISTORS AB Epitaxial graphene (EG) has attracted considerable interest because of its extraordinary properties and ability to be synthesized on the wafer scale. These attributes have enabled EG to be applied in field-effect transistors with extrinsic operating frequencies in the hundreds-of-gigahertz range. Although the quality of EG grown on SiC has improved, there are still obstacles, such as low carrier mobility and large-area thickness nonuniformity, that limit applications in a wide range of truly wafer-scale technologies. In this article, key elements of epitaxial graphene synthesis are highlighted and discussed with regard to impacts on large-area uniformity, structure, and electrical properties. The effects of specific components such as growth-reactor design and substrate quality are examined in an effort to provide a pathway for future advancements in EG production. Finally, key future directions for research in EG are briefly discussed. C1 [Nyakiti, L. O.; Wheeler, V. D.; Garces, N. Y.; Myers-Ward, R. L.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gaskill, D. K.] USN, Res Lab, Adv SiC Epitaxial Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Nyakiti, LO (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM luke.nyakiti.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; Virginia.wheeler.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; nelson.garces@nrl.navy.mil; Rachael.myers-ward@nrl.navy.mil; chip.eddy@nrl.navy.mil; kurt.gaskill@nrl.navy.mil FU American Society for Engineering Education/Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research FX L.O.N. and V.D.W. acknowledge the support of the American Society for Engineering Education/Naval Research Laboratory Postdoctoral Fellow program. Work at the US Naval Research Laboratory was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 75 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 40 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0883-7694 EI 1938-1425 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 37 IS 12 BP 1149 EP 1157 DI 10.1557/mrs.2012.180 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 042SS UT WOS:000311491900003 ER PT J AU Leake, JE Lukin, VS Linton, MG Meier, ET AF Leake, James E. Lukin, Vyacheslav S. Linton, Mark G. Meier, Eric T. TI MULTI-FLUID SIMULATIONS OF CHROMOSPHERIC MAGNETIC RECONNECTION IN A WEAKLY IONIZED REACTING PLASMA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE magnetic fields; magnetic reconnection; Sun: chromosphere ID AMBIPOLAR DIFFUSION; 2-FLUID SIMULATIONS; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; SOLAR CHROMOSPHERE; RESISTIVITY; IONIZATION; ATMOSPHERE; EMERGENCE; MECHANISM; MODELS AB We present results from the first self-consistent multi-fluid simulations of chromospheric magnetic reconnection in a weakly ionized reacting plasma. We simulate two-dimensional magnetic reconnection in a Harris current sheet with a numerical model which includes ion-neutral scattering collisions, ionization, recombination, optically thin radiative loss, collisional heating, and thermal conduction. In the resulting tearing mode reconnection the neutral and ion fluids become decoupled upstream from the reconnection site, creating an excess of ions in the reconnection region and therefore an ionization imbalance. Ion recombination in the reconnection region, combined with Alfvenic outflows, quickly removes ions from the reconnection site, leading to a fast reconnection rate independent of Lundquist number. In addition to allowing fast reconnection, we find that these non-equilibria partial ionization effects lead to the onset of the nonlinear secondary tearing instability at lower values of the Lundquist number than has been found in fully ionized plasmas. These simulations provide evidence that magnetic reconnection in the chromosphere could be responsible for jet-like transient phenomena such as spicules and chromospheric jets. C1 [Leake, James E.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Lukin, Vyacheslav S.; Linton, Mark G.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Meier, Eric T.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Leake, JE (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM jleake@gmu.edu FU NASA; ONR 6.1 Program; U.S. DOE Experimental Plasma Research program; LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NRL-Hinode analysis program FX This work has been supported by the NASA Living With a Star & Solar and Heliospheric Physics programs, the ONR 6.1 Program, the U.S. DOE Experimental Plasma Research program, by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, and by the NRL-Hinode analysis program. The simulations were performed under a grant of computer time from the DoD HPC program. NR 47 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 760 IS 2 AR 109 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/760/2/109 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 039BE UT WOS:000311217000013 ER PT J AU Lepri, ST Laming, JM Rakowski, CE von Steiger, R AF Lepri, Susan T. Laming, J. Martin Rakowski, Cara E. von Steiger, Rudolf TI SPATIALLY DEPENDENT HEATING AND IONIZATION IN AN ICME OBSERVED BY BOTH ACE AND ULYSSES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE solar wind; Sun: corona; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: flares ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; ION CHARGE STATES; FAST SOLAR-WIND; DIFFERENTIAL FLOW SPEEDS; 20 JANUARY 2005; STANDOFF DISTANCE; MAGNETIC-FIELD; ELECTRON ACCELERATION; MACH NUMBER; TEMPERATURE AB The 2005 January 21 interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) observed by multiple spacecraft at L1 was also observed from January 21-February 4 at Ulysses (5.3 AU). Previous studies of this ICME have found evidence suggesting that the flanks of a magnetic cloud like structure associated with this ICME were observed at L1 while a more central cut through the associated magnetic cloud was observed at Ulysses. This event allows us to study spatial variation across the ICME and relate it to the eruption at the Sun. In order to examine the spatial dependence of the heating in this ICME, we present an analysis and comparison of the heavy ion composition observed during the passage of the ICME at L1 and at Ulysses. Using SWICS, we compare the heavy ion composition across the two different observation cuts through the ICME and compare it with predictions for heating during the eruption based on models of the time-dependent ionization balance throughout the event. C1 [Lepri, Susan T.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Laming, J. Martin; Rakowski, Cara E.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [von Steiger, Rudolf] Int Space Sci Inst, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [von Steiger, Rudolf] Univ Bern, Inst Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. RP Lepri, ST (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RI Lepri, Susan/I-8611-2012; Von Steiger, Rudolf/F-6822-2011 OI Von Steiger, Rudolf/0000-0002-3350-0023 FU NASA LWS [NNH05AA05I]; NSF SHINE [ATM-0523998] FX This work has been supported by NASA LWS Grant NNH05AA05I (J.M.L. and C.E.R.) and by an NSF SHINE Post-doctoral Fellowship ATM-0523998 (S.T.L.). NR 72 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 760 IS 2 AR 105 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/760/2/105 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 039BE UT WOS:000311217000009 ER PT J AU Liskowsky, JP Brittain, SD Najita, JR Carr, JS Doppmann, GW Troutman, MR AF Liskowsky, Joseph P. Brittain, Sean D. Najita, Joan R. Carr, John S. Doppmann, Greg W. Troutman, Matthew R. TI HIGH-RESOLUTION NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY OF HD 100546. I. ANALYSIS OF ASYMMETRIC RO-VIBRATIONAL OH EMISSION LINES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; protoplanetary disks; stars: individual (HD 100546) ID HERBIG AE/BE STARS; INTERMEDIATE-MASS STARS; PLANET-FORMING ZONES; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; T-TAURI STARS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; MOLECULAR GAS; EX LUPI; INNER AB We present observations of ro-vibrational OH and CO emission from the Herbig Be star HD 100546. The emission from both molecules arises from the inner region of the disk extending from approximately 13 AU from the central star. The velocity profiles of the OH lines are narrower than the velocity profile of the [O I] lambda 6300 line, indicating that the OH in the disk is not cospatial with the O I. This suggests that the inner optically thin region of the disk is largely devoid of molecular gas. Unlike the ro-vibrational CO emission lines, the OH lines are highly asymmetric. We show that the average CO and average OH line profiles can be fit with a model of a disk comprised of an eccentric inner wall and a circular outer disk. In this model, the vast majority of the OH flux (75%) originates from the inner wall, while the vast majority of the CO flux (65%) originates on the surface of the disk at radii greater than 13 AU. Eccentric inner disks are predicted by hydrodynamic simulations of circumstellar disks containing an embedded giant planet. We discuss the implications of such a disk geometry in light of models of planet-disk tidal interactions and propose alternative explanations for the origin of the asymmetry. C1 [Liskowsky, Joseph P.; Brittain, Sean D.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab 118, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Najita, Joan R.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Carr, John S.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Doppmann, Greg W.] WM Keck Observ, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA. [Troutman, Matthew R.] Univ Missouri St Louis, Dept Phys & Astron, St Louis, MO 63121 USA. RP Liskowsky, JP (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab 118, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM sbritt@clemson.edu; najita@noao.edu; carr@nrl.navy.mil; gdoppmann@keck.hawaii.edu; troutmanm@umsl.edu FU National Science Foundation [AST-0708899]; NASA Origins of Solar Systems [NNX08AH90G] FX Based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (United Kingdom), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian Research Council (Australia), CNPq (Brazil), and CONICET (Argentina). The Phoenix infrared spectrograph was developed and is operated by the National Optical Astronomy Observatory. The Phoenix spectra were obtained as part of programs GS-2010B-C-2. We thank Bram Acke for providing the published spectrum of O I for comparison with our OH spectrum. S. D. B. and J.P.L. acknowledge support for this work from the National Science Foundation under grant No. AST-0708899 and NASA Origins of Solar Systems under grant No. NNX08AH90G. Basic research in infrared astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 base funding. NR 63 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 760 IS 2 AR 153 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/760/2/153 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 039BE UT WOS:000311217000057 ER PT J AU Brigger, MT Boseley, ME AF Brigger, Matthew T. Boseley, Mark E. TI Management of tracheal stenosis SO CURRENT OPINION IN OTOLARYNGOLOGY & HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Review DE balloon dilation; laryngotracheal reconstruction; subglottic stenosis; tracheal stenosis ID LARYNGOTRACHEAL RECONSTRUCTION; SUBGLOTTIC STENOSIS; SPRAY CRYOTHERAPY; BALLOON DILATION; CHILDREN; AIRWAY; EXPERIENCE; LARYNGOPLASTY; ANTERIOR; INFANTS AB Purpose of review The treatment for pediatric tracheal stenosis has evolved over the past 50 years. Open airway reconstruction has traditionally been the treatment of choice for this condition. Numerous recent publications now support the use of endoscopic techniques to both augment and sometimes replace open procedures. Recent findings During the past 12 months, a significant interest in expanding the role of airway dilation with balloons to manage airway stenoses has emerged. Development of novel airway stents, to include bioabsorbable products, holds promise to decrease the morbidity of stenting procedures. Continued improvement in preoperative imaging, in the form of virtual bronchoscopy, may someday replace airway endoscopy for planning purposes. Additionally, perioperative management strategies and the use of novel adjuvants have been introduced with a goal of improving outcomes in both endoscopic and open techniques through better control of granulation. Ultimately, advances in tissue engineering may provide yet another reconstructive option in the future. Summary Endoscopic techniques have an increasing role in the management of pediatric subglottic and tracheal stenosis. However, open airway reconstructive procedures are still required in cases of mature scar, high-grade stenosis, and long-segment stenosis. C1 [Boseley, Mark E.] Madigan Healthcare Syst, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. [Brigger, Matthew T.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Boseley, ME (reprint author), Madigan Healthcare Syst, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, BLDG 9040A,Jackson Ave, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. EM Mark.Boseley@amedd.army.mil NR 30 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1068-9508 J9 CURR OPIN OTOLARYNGO JI Curr. Opin. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 20 IS 6 BP 491 EP 496 DI 10.1097/MOO.0b013e328358566d PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 037LP UT WOS:000311106500011 PM 22929114 ER PT J AU Peil, S AF Peil, Steven TI Proposed Test of Relative Phase as Hidden Variable in Quantum Mechanics SO FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Quantum measurement; Measurement postulate; Born rule AB We consider the possibility that the relative phase in quantum mechanics plays a role in determining measurement outcome and could therefore serve as a "hidden" variable. The Born rule for measurement equates the probability for a given outcome with the absolute square of the coefficient of the basis state, which by design removes the relative phase from the formulation. The value of this phase at the moment of measurement naturally averages out in an ensemble, which would prevent any dependence from being observed, and we show that conventional frequency-spectroscopy measurements on discrete quantum systems cannot be imposed at a specific phase due to a straightforward uncertainty relation. We lay out general conditions for imposing measurements at a specific value of the relative phase so that the possibility of its role as a hidden variable can be tested, and we discuss implementation for the specific case of an atomic two-state system with laser-induced fluorescence for measurement. C1 USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. RP Peil, S (reprint author), USN Observ, 3450 Massachusetts Ave, Washington, DC 20392 USA. EM steven.peil@usno.navy.mil NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0015-9018 J9 FOUND PHYS JI Found. Phys. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 42 IS 12 BP 1523 EP 1533 DI 10.1007/s10701-012-9680-6 PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 035ML UT WOS:000310951200002 ER PT J AU Mungan, CE Rogers, SD Satyan, N White, JO AF Mungan, Carl E. Rogers, Steven D. Satyan, Naresh White, Jeffrey O. TI Time-Dependent Modeling of Brillouin Scattering in Optical Fibers Excited by a Chirped Diode Laser SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Brillouin scattering; chirped lasers; fiber amplifiers; numerical simulation ID SUPPRESSION; AMPLIFIERS; STEADY AB Numerical simulations are used to solve the coupled partial differential equations describing stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) built up from random thermal phonons as a function of time and the longitudinal spatial coordinate in an optical fiber. In the case of a passive fiber, a laser beam is incident with constant power, but its frequency is linearly ramped at 1.55 mu m at a rate of up to 10(16) Hz/s. High chirp rates lead to an increased Brillouin spectral bandwidth and decreased gain. The resulting SBS suppression is well described by an adiabatic model and agrees with experimental results. For an 18-m active fiber pumped at 1.06 mu m and chirped at up to 2 x 10(16) Hz/s, the suppression enables output laser powers in the kilowatt range while maintaining a narrow instantaneous linewidth. C1 [Mungan, Carl E.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Rogers, Steven D.; White, Jeffrey O.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Satyan, Naresh] CALTECH, Dept Appl Phys & Mat Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Mungan, CE (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM mungan@usna.edu; rogers1@umbc.edu; naresh@caltech.edu; jeffrey.owen.white@us.arl.mil FU High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office [11-SA-0405] FX This work was supported in part by the High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office under Grant 11-SA-0405. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 19 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 48 IS 12 BP 1542 EP 1546 DI 10.1109/JQE.2012.2225414 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 040VV UT WOS:000311354200003 ER PT J AU Carroll, JD Brewer, LN Battaile, CC Boyce, BL Emery, JM AF Carroll, J. D. Brewer, L. N. Battaile, C. C. Boyce, B. L. Emery, J. M. TI The effect of grain size on local deformation near a void-like stress concentration SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY LA English DT Article DE Fracture; Voids and inclusions; Microstructures; Inhomogeneous material; Polycrystalline material ID PLASTIC SINGLE-CRYSTAL; DUCTILE FRACTURE; YIELD CRITERIA; GURSON MODEL; GROWTH; NUCLEATION; DAMAGE; COALESCENCE; SIMULATION; RUPTURE AB The deformation-induced nucleation, growth, distortion, and coalescence of voids have been the subject of numerous experimental, theoretical, and computational studies. However, a vast majority of prior work does not consider the role of the local microstructure on void behavior. The present work considers an isolated cylindrical hole undergoing far-field tensile deformation in cartridge brass (70% Cu, 30% Zn). A polycrystal plasticity model was employed to examine the role of grain-size-to-void-size ratios of 0.14, 1, and 7. These numerical simulations clearly demonstrated that when the grain size is comparable to or larger than the void, inhomogeneous deformation of the microstructure can distort and even overwhelm the role of the void in concentrating plastic strain. To confirm and further elucidate these effects, deformation of brass tensile bars with microscale cylindrical holes was performed in situ in a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). This approach permitted Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD) measurements of the evolution of local intra-grain misorientation and full-field Digital Image Correlation (DIC) measurements of the evolution of intragranular strain fields. As expected, when the hole diameter decreased in relation to the grain size, the effects of local microstructure became increasingly important. In an extreme case, the strain localization due to the hole was completely confined within a single grain. In light of these results, existing continuum-based methodologies to represent ductile fracture, such as the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman approach and shear-modified variants, may need to be further modified to include these prominent microstructural effects. Such microstructurally-sensitive representations provide one pathway towards stochastic/statistical models for ductile tearing. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Carroll, J. D.; Battaile, C. C.; Boyce, B. L.; Emery, J. M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Sci & Engn Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Brewer, L. N.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Boyce, BL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,Mailstop 0889, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM blboyce@sandia.gov RI Carroll, Jay/K-2720-2012; OI Carroll, Jay/0000-0002-5818-4709; Emery, John /0000-0001-6671-4952 FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors would like to thank Dr. J.R. Michael and B. McKenzie for electron microscopy support and Dr. J. McDonald for performing the laser milling. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 56 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 6 U2 69 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0749-6419 J9 INT J PLASTICITY JI Int. J. Plast. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 39 BP 46 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.ijplas.2012.06.002 PG 15 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA 035FG UT WOS:000310928100003 ER PT J AU Abeykoon, AH Chao, CC Wang, GH Gucek, M Yang, DCH Ching, WM AF Abeykoon, Amila H. Chao, Chien-Chung Wang, Guanghui Gucek, Marjan Yang, David C. H. Ching, Wei-Mei TI Two Protein Lysine Methyltransferases Methylate Outer Membrane Protein B from Rickettsia SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURE PREDICTION; PROWAZEKII; ROMPB; INFECTION; VIRULENCE; INVASION; STRAINS; CONORII; SERVER; CELLS AB Rickettsia prowazekii, the etiologic agent of epidemic typhus, is a potential biological threat agent. Its outer membrane protein B (OmpB) is an immunodominant antigen and plays roles as protective envelope and as adhesins. The observation of the correlation between methylation of lysine residues in rickettsial OmpB and bacterial virulence has suggested the importance of an enzymatic system for the methylation of OmpB. However, no rickettsial lysine methyltransferase has been characterized. Bioinformatic analysis of genomic DNA sequences of Rickettsia identified putative lysine methyltransferases. The genes of the potential methyltransferases were synthesized, cloned, and expressed in Escherichia coli, and expressed proteins were purified by nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid (Ni-NTA) affinity chromatography. The methyltransferase activities of the purified proteins were analyzed by methyl incorporation of radioactively labeled S-adenosylmethionine into recombinant fragments of OmpB. Two putative recombinant methyltransferases (rRP789 and rRP027-028) methylated recombinant OmpB fragments. The specific activity of rRP789 is 10- to 30-fold higher than that of rRP027-028. Western blot analysis using specific antibodies against trimethyl lysine showed that both rRP789 and rRP027-028 catalyzed trimethylation of recombinant OmpB fragments. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS) analysis showed that rRP789 catalyzed mono-, di-, and trimethylation of lysine, while rRP027-028 catalyzed exclusively trimethylation. To our knowledge, rRP789 and rRP027-028 are the first biochemically characterized lysine methyltransferases of outer membrane proteins from Gram-negative bacteria. The production and characterization of rickettsial lysine methyltransferases provide new tools to investigate the mechanism of methylation of OmpB, effects of methylation on the structure and function of OmpB, and development of methylated OmpB-based diagnostic assays and vaccine candidates. C1 [Abeykoon, Amila H.; Yang, David C. H.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [Chao, Chien-Chung; Ching, Wei-Mei] USN, Med Res Ctr, Infect Dis Directorate, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Wang, Guanghui; Gucek, Marjan] NHLBI, Prote Core Facil, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Yang, DCH (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20057 USA. EM yangdc@georgetown.edu RI Yang, David/A-7294-2009 FU Naval Medical Logistic Command award [N62645, 6000.RAD1.J.A0310] FX The work was supported by Naval Medical Logistic Command award N62645 (to Georgetown University) and work unit number (WUN) 6000.RAD1.J.A0310 (to NMRC). C.-C. C. and W.-M. C. are employees of the U. S. Government. This work was prepared as part of official duties. NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 194 IS 23 BP 6410 EP 6418 DI 10.1128/JB.01379-12 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 035DV UT WOS:000310924300007 PM 23002218 ER PT J AU Heltemes, KJ Holbrook, TL MacGregor, AJ Galarneau, MR AF Heltemes, Kevin J. Holbrook, Troy L. MacGregor, Andrew J. Galarneau, Michael R. TI Blast-related mild traumatic brain injury is associated with a decline in self-rated health amongst US military personnel SO INJURY-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE CARE OF THE INJURED LA English DT Article DE Mild traumatic brain injury; Self-rated health; Military; Combat casualty ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; OPERATION-IRAQI-FREEDOM; WHITEHALL-II; AFGHANISTAN; DEPLOYMENT; MORTALITY; SYMPTOMS; VALIDITY AB Introduction: Mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) has emerged as the preeminent injury of combat from the recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Very little is known about short-and long-term outcomes after combat-related MTBI. As a measure of outcome after injury, self-rated health is a reliable, widely used measure that assesses perceived health. The primary aim of this study was to determine the effect of combat-related MTBI on self-reported health status after return from deployment. The secondary objective was to examine predictors of a decline in self-reported health status amongst US service members with MTBI, as compared to those service members with other minor non-TBI injuries. Patients and methods: MTBI cases and an injured comparison group were identified from the Expeditionary Medical Encounter Database records of 1129 male, US service members who experienced blast-related injuries in Iraq from March 2004 to March 2008. Self-rated health was assessed from the routinely administered pre- and post-deployment health assessment questionnaires by the following question, "Overall, how would you rate your health during the past month?" Possible responses were "poor", "fair", "good", "very good", or "excellent." A distinction was made between minor and major negative changes in health (i.e., very good to fair) based on these self-rated health outcomes captured post-injury. Results: For all personnel, post-injury levels of self-rated health were statistically significantly worse than pre-injury health rating. At 6 months post-injury, service members with MTBI were 5 times more likely to report a major negative change in health as compared to members with other mild injuries. This association was independent of age, rank, branch of service, Injury Severity Score, mental health diagnosis prior to injury, and having been referred to a health care professional. Discussion: Blast-related injuries, specifically MTBI, during deployment have negative consequences on service members' perception of health. Future research is needed to improve our understanding of the overall effects of MTBI on health and quality of life. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Heltemes, Kevin J.; Holbrook, Troy L.; MacGregor, Andrew J.; Galarneau, Michael R.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Med Modeling Simulat & Mission Support, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Heltemes, KJ (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Med Modeling Simulat & Mission Support, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM kevin.heltemes@med.navy.mil FU US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center FX The authors thank Dr. Mary Clouser for her assistance with data analysis and manuscript revision. The authors thank Science Applications International Corporation for its contributions to this work. Funding support for this research was provided through the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the US Government. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (Protocol NHRC.2003.0025). NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-1383 J9 INJURY JI Injury-Int. J. Care Inj. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 43 IS 12 BP 1990 EP 1995 DI 10.1016/j.injury.2011.07.021 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Emergency Medicine; Orthopedics; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Emergency Medicine; Orthopedics; Surgery GA 028XM UT WOS:000310458600004 PM 21855064 ER PT J AU Beckett, A Pelletier, P Mamczak, C Benfield, R Elster, E AF Beckett, Andrew Pelletier, Pierre Mamczak, Christiaan Benfield, Rodd Elster, Eric TI Multidisciplinary trauma team care in Kandahar, Afghanistan: Current injury patterns and care practices SO INJURY-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE CARE OF THE INJURED LA English DT Article DE Multidisciplinary trauma; Multinational medical staff; Kandahar, Afghanistan AB Multidisciplinary trauma care systems have been shown to improve patient outcomes. Medical care in support of the global war on terror has provided opportunities to refine these systems. We report on the multidisciplinary trauma care system at the Role III Hospital at Kandahar Airfield, Afghanistan. We reviewed the Joint Trauma System Registry, Kandahar database from 1 October 2009 to 31 December 2010 and extracted data regarding patient demographics, clinical variables and outcomes. We also queried the operating room records from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2010. In the study period of 1 October 2009 to 31 December 2010, 2599 patients presented to the trauma bay, with the most common source of injury being from Improvised Explosive Device (IED) blasts (915), followed by gunshot wounds (GSW) (327). Importantly, 19 patients with triple amputations as a result of injuries from IEDs were seen. 127 patients were massively transfused. The in-hospital mortality was 4.45%. From 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2010, 4106.24 operating room hours were logged to complete 1914 patient cases. The mean number of procedures per case in 2009 was 1.27, compared to 3.11 in 2010. Multinational, multidisciplinary care is required for the large number of severely injured patients seen at Kandahar Airfield. Multidisciplinary trauma care in Kandahar is effective and can be readily employed in combat hospitals in Afghanistan and serve as a model for civilian centres. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Elster, Eric] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Beckett, Andrew; Pelletier, Pierre; Mamczak, Christiaan; Benfield, Rodd; Elster, Eric] NATO Role III Multinatl Med Unit, Kandahar Airfield, Afghanistan. [Pelletier, Pierre; Mamczak, Christiaan; Benfield, Rodd; Elster, Eric] USN, Med Corps, Kandahar, Afghanistan. [Elster, Eric] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Elster, E (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, 503 Robert Grant Ave,2W123, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM andrew.beckett@utoronto.ca; papelletier@mac.com; Rodd.benfield@gmail.com; Eric.elster1@med.navy.mil NR 7 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-1383 J9 INJURY JI Injury-Int. J. Care Inj. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 43 IS 12 BP 2072 EP 2077 DI 10.1016/j.injury.2012.01.005 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Emergency Medicine; Orthopedics; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Emergency Medicine; Orthopedics; Surgery GA 028XM UT WOS:000310458600018 PM 22305587 ER PT J AU Sakthivel, K Sritharan, SS AF Sakthivel, Kumarasamy Sritharan, Sivaguru S. TI MARTINGALE SOLUTIONS FOR STOCHASTIC NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS DRIVEN BY LEVY NOISE SO EVOLUTION EQUATIONS AND CONTROL THEORY LA English DT Article DE Stochastic Navier-Stokes equations; martingale solutions; Levy noise AB In this paper, we establish the solvability of martingale solutions for the stochastic Navier-Stokes equations with Ito-Levy noise in bounded and unbounded domains in Rd, d = 2, 3. The tightness criteria for the laws of a sequence of semimartingales is obtained from a theorem of Rebolledo as formulated by Metivier for the Lusin space valued processes. The existence of martingale solutions (in the sense of Stroock and Varadhan) relies on a generalization of Minty-Browder technique to stochastic case obtained from the local monotonicity of the drift term. C1 [Sakthivel, Kumarasamy; Sritharan, Sivaguru S.] Naval Postgraduate Sch, Ctr Decis Risk Controls & Signals Intelligence, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Sakthivel, K (reprint author), Naval Postgraduate Sch, Ctr Decis Risk Controls & Signals Intelligence, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM sakthivel@iist.ac.in; sssritha@nps.edu OI Sritharan, Sivaguru/0000-0003-2845-332X FU Army Research Probability and Statistics Program [DO-DARMY41712]; National Research Council Research Associateship Award at Naval Postgraduate School FX The authors would like to thank the reviewer for suggestions to improve the clarity of the presentation. This research was performed while the first author held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at Naval Postgraduate School. The second author work has been supported by the Army Research Probability and Statistics Program through the grant DO-DARMY41712. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES-AIMS PI SPRINGFIELD PA PO BOX 2604, SPRINGFIELD, MO 65801-2604 USA SN 2163-2480 J9 EVOL EQU CONTROL THE JI Evol. Equ. Control Theory PD DEC PY 2012 VL 1 IS 2 BP 355 EP 392 DI 10.3934/eect.2012.1.355 PG 38 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA V35JM UT WOS:000209146000007 ER PT J AU Johnson, TH AF Johnson, Thomas H. TI Taliban: The Unknown Enemy SO HISTORIAN LA English DT Book Review C1 [Johnson, Thomas H.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Johnson, Thomas H.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Program Culture & Conflict Studies, Monterey, CA USA. RP Johnson, TH (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0018-2370 EI 1540-6563 J9 HISTORIAN JI Historian PD WIN PY 2012 VL 74 IS 4 BP 815 EP 816 DI 10.1111/j.1540-6563.2012.00334_2.x PG 2 WC History SC History GA V30UB UT WOS:000208839800006 ER PT J AU Felker, CC AF Felker, Craig C. TI Poxed and Scurvied: The Story of Sickness and Health at Sea SO HISTORIAN LA English DT Book Review C1 [Felker, Craig C.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Felker, CC (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0018-2370 EI 1540-6563 J9 HISTORIAN JI Historian PD WIN PY 2012 VL 74 IS 4 BP 903 EP 904 DI 10.1111/j.1540-6563.2012.00334_69.x PG 2 WC History SC History GA V30UB UT WOS:000208839800073 ER PT J AU Hammond, J Ruland, R Hogan, C Rose, D Belkoff, S AF Hammond, James Ruland, Robert Hogan, Christopher Rose, David Belkoff, Stephen TI Biomechanical Analysis of a Transverse Olecranon Fracture Model Using Tension Band Wiring SO JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article DE Tension band wire; olecranon fracture; biomechanical; osteotomy olecranon; olecranon fixation AB Purpose To determine (1) the most distal site at which a tension band construct can maintain bony alignment during dynamic loading of a transverse, length-stable olecranon osteotomy; (2) the location of displacement during cyclical loading; and (3) the ultimate load to failure of the fixation. Methods We divided 23 non-osteoporotic, fresh-frozen upper extremities into 4 groups. We created transverse osteotomies at 25% of the olecranon surface in group 1, 50% in group II, 75% in group III, and 100% in group IV. We used standard tension band wiring technique to stabilize each osteotomy. We mounted specimens on a biomechanical testing machine at 90 degrees elbow flexion and subjected them to a 150-N sinusoidal load through the triceps tendon at 1 Hz for 500 cycles. An optical motion tracking system synchronized with the testing machine-measured displacement of the osteotomy in any plane. On completion of cycling, we loaded specimens at 1 mm/s until 2-mm displacement occurred. We analyzed data to determine the effect of the location of the osteotomy on load to failure and location of displacement. Results Of the 23 specimens, 21 survived the cycling process. The 2 specimens that failed were both in group II (50%). Excluding these 2 specimens, the average displacement at the 3 virtual points was less than 1.05 mm in all 4 osteotomy groups. There were no statistical differences between groups. Load to failure was 476, 361, 511, and 610 N for groups I to IV, respectively. Differences between groups were not statistically significant. Conclusions The stability achieved with tension band wire fixation did not vary with the location of the osteotomy. Clinical relevance Based on this biomechanical study, when it is properly executed, tension band wire fixation may be used effectively for transverse, length-stable fractures of the olecranon regardless of the amount of articular surface included on the proximal fragment. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand. C1 Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Portsmouth, VA 23703 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Bayview Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Hammond, J (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Orthopaed, Bone & Joint Sports Med Ctr, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23703 USA. EM james.hammond@med.navy.mil FU Commander's Grant awarded through the Naval Medical Center Portsmouth in Portsmouth, Virginia; Naval Medical Center Portsmouth's Commander's Grant FX Funding for this study was received through the Commander's Grant awarded through the Naval Medical Center Portsmouth in Portsmouth, Virginia, and was not paid directly to any author.; The authors thank CDR Stephen Brawley and his efforts in obtaining funding for this project through the Naval Medical Center Portsmouth's Commander's Grant. The views expressed in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the United States Government. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0363-5023 EI 1531-6564 J9 J HAND SURG-AM JI J. Hand Surg.-Am. Vol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 37A IS 12 BP 2506 EP 2511 DI 10.1016/j.jhsa.2012.07.025 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA V34LX UT WOS:000209089000010 PM 22995702 ER PT J AU First, MR Drake, LA AF First, Matthew R. Drake, Lisa A. TI Performance of the human "counting machine": evaluation of manual microscopy for enumerating plankton SO JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ballast water; microzooplankton; management; zooplankton; methods AB In this study, live plankton (epsilon 50 m in minimum dimension) in samples were counted by three analysts to determine counting rates, accuracy and precision of manual microscopy. Counting rates were compared with sample characteristics (e.g. concentration of dead organisms). In separate experiments, plankton proxies, spherical microbeads (49 and 150 m in diameters), were added to samples with varying degrees of debris loading, including samples from full-scale, replica ballast tanks. These analyses were used to test the hypothesis that as debris loading increases, counting rate increases and accuracy decreases. Highly concentrated samples and samples with high concentrations of dead plankton resulted in significantly slower counting rates. The recovery of 50-m microbeads was lowest (75) in laboratory samples that contained the highest debris load. The recovery of 150-m microbeads was very high (98) in laboratory samples with and without debris. Field samples from the replica ballast tank were highly turbid, and microbead recoveries were low for both microbead sizes. Sample quality, therefore, will affect counting rates and accuracy and will limit the volume of the sample that can be analyzed within short-time windows available for counting live plankton samples. C1 [First, Matthew R.] SAIC Inc, Key West, FL 33041 USA. [Drake, Lisa A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Key West, FL 33041 USA. RP First, MR (reprint author), SAIC Inc, Key West, FL 33041 USA. EM matthew.first.ctr@nrl.navy.mil OI First, Matthew/0000-0003-1330-3353; First, Matt/0000-0003-3465-2376 FU U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) Environmental Standards Division [CG-5224, HSCG23-10-X-MMS192]; Diane Lysogorski FX This work was supported by the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) Environmental Standards Division (CG-5224, [contract #HSCG23-10-X-MMS192]) and does not represent official USCG policy. We are grateful to Dr Richard Everett (USCG) for advice and guidance with this work. We very much appreciate the efforts of Stephanie Robbins-Wamsley and Scott Riley (SAIC, Inc.; Key West, FL, USA), who performed the majority of the plankton counts and all of the microbead counts; Cameron Moser (EXCET, Inc., Key West, FL, USA), who conducted the field experiments; Sarah Eppard (SAIC, Inc., Washington, DC, USA), who performed the water quality analyses; and Evan Parson (Vision Point Systems, Fairfax, VA, USA), who offered guidance on the statistical analyses. The work conducted at the Naval Research Laboratory in Key West was supported by Diane Lysogorski. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0142-7873 J9 J PLANKTON RES JI J. Plankton Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 34 IS 12 BP 1028 EP 1041 DI 10.1093/plankt/fbs068 PG 14 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 027TR UT WOS:000310377000003 ER PT J AU Evenski, A Ramasunder, S Fox, W Mounasamy, V Temple, HT AF Evenski, Andrea Ramasunder, Shalini Fox, William Mounasamy, Varatharaj Temple, H. Thomas TI Treatment and survival of osseous renal cell carcinoma metastases SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE kidney; cancer; resection; renal cell carcinoma; metastasis ID COOPERATIVE-ONCOLOGY-GROUP; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; BONE; NEPHRECTOMY; SECONDARY; DISEASE; SURGERY; CANCER AB Background: Renal cell carcinoma is the seventh leading cause of cancer deaths. Studies have shown patients with solitary osseous metastases have a better prognosis; however, methods of resection are not well defined. The purpose of this study was to review factors associated with survival and assess the impact of wide versus intralesional management on function and disease-specific outcomes in patients with renal cell carcinoma metastases. Methods: Sixty-nine patients with 86 osseous renal cell metastases were reviewed. Potential factors associated with survival were evaluated with KaplanMeier curves. ANOVA was performed to compare means between groups. Results: One year survival for the group was 77% and 32.5% at 5 years. The absence of metastatic disease at presentation, nephrectomy, and pre-operative status were associated with improved survival. There was a lower rate of local recurrence with wide resection (5%) versus intralesional procedures (27%). Conclusions: Improved pre-operative status, nephrectomy, and metachronous lesions had better overall survival. Wide resection results in decreased local recurrence and revision surgeries. However, it did not reliably predict improved survival. Our recommendation is for individual evaluation of each patient with osseous renal cell carcinoma metastases. Wide excision may be used for resectable lesions to prevent local progression and subsequent surgeries. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:850855. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Evenski, Andrea] Univ Penn, Dept Orthopaed, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Ramasunder, Shalini] Duke Univ, Dept Orthopaed, Durham, NC USA. [Fox, William] USN, Dept Def Anal, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Mounasamy, Varatharaj] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Orthopaed, Richmond, VA USA. [Temple, H. Thomas] Univ Miami, Dept Orthopaed, Miami, FL USA. RP Evenski, A (reprint author), Garfield Duncan Bldg,301 S 8th St,Suite 2C, Philadelphia, PA 19146 USA. EM andrea.evenski@uphs.upenn.edu NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-4790 EI 1096-9098 J9 J SURG ONCOL JI J. Surg. Oncol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 106 IS 7 BP 850 EP 855 DI 10.1002/jso.23134 PG 6 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 030BF UT WOS:000310541900009 PM 22623216 ER PT J AU Szymczak, WG Kohlberg, I Toton, E AF Szymczak, William G. Kohlberg, Ira Toton, Edward TI An analysis of agglomeration for agent-countermeasure particle systems SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Sonic agglomeration; Agent neutralization; Partition of unity; Mass conservation; Turbulent shear; Smoluchowski equations ID ACOUSTIC AGGLOMERATION; AEROSOL DYNAMICS; COAGULATION EQUATION; MOMENTS; METHODOLOGY; SIMULATION; EXISTENCE; KINETICS; FIELD; MODEL AB The purpose of this research is twofold. First, we present a new generalized form of the discrete Smoluchowski agglomeration equations derived from a weak formulation of the continuous equations which provides a direct extension of the equations to poly-sized particles. This formulation is shown to preserve particle mass conservation provided the test functions form a partition of unity, and yields a class of algorithms having straightforward and efficient implementations. Verifications and computed convergence rates of the numerical algorithm, comparisons to other methods, and validations of agglomeration due to turbulent shear are provided. Secondly, we use these algorithms for a study of two-species (agent-countermeasure) particle agglomeration. Computations based on the solution of the non-dimensional equations are provided and applied to an analysis of agent reduction through the introduction of counter-measure particles for both turbulent shear and acoustic agglomeration. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Szymczak, William G.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kohlberg, Ira] Kohlberg Associates Inc, Alexandria, VA USA. [Toton, Edward] Toton LLC, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Szymczak, WG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7131,4555 Overlook Dr SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM szymczak@nrl.navy.mil NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-8502 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 54 BP 59 EP 76 DI 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2012.05.009 PG 18 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 025IR UT WOS:000310182700006 ER PT J AU Rendon, RG Huynh, TV Osmundson, JS AF Rendon, Rene G. Huynh, Thomas V. Osmundson, John S. TI Contracting processes and structures for systems-of-systems acquisition SO SYSTEMS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE system-of-systems (SoS) acquisition; contracting structures; contracting processes; organizational structures AB Acquisition of a system-of-systems can be an all new acquisition of multiple systems that are intended to operate together as a system-of-systems. Much more common in the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) is acquisition of one or more new systems that are intended to interoperate with existing systems as a system of systems (SoS) with new capabilities. In either case, successful SoS acquisition necessarily depends on effective contracting structures and processes for SoS acquisition. In this paper, a set of issues that need to be addressed in SoS acquisition are identified, and the current findings discussed. The findings suggest maintaining an extensive systems engineering effort within the SoS acquisition and changes to the existing contracting processes, structures, and organizational structures to maximize the probability of SoS acquisition success. The resulting changes are recommended to current and future DoD SoS acquisitions. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 15 C1 [Rendon, Rene G.; Huynh, Thomas V.; Osmundson, John S.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Rendon, RG (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM rgren-don@nps.edu; thuynh@nps.edu; josmund@nps.edu NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1098-1241 J9 SYSTEMS ENG JI Syst. Eng. PD WIN PY 2012 VL 15 IS 4 BP 471 EP 482 DI 10.1002/sys.21214 PG 12 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 019DQ UT WOS:000309717700008 ER PT J AU Paulus, M Dasgupta, A AF Paulus, Mark Dasgupta, Abhijit TI Semi-empirical life model of a cantilevered beam subject to random vibration SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE LA English DT Article DE Random vibration; Accelerated life; Fatigue; Frequency shift; Life estimation AB Life estimation of structures subjected to non-uniform random vibration analysis has historically been done through the use of fatigue properties. In general, evaluation of the severity of the vibration environment is performed at the initial natural frequency. It is widely known, however, that many structures will undergo a frequency change during failure. If the random vibration is non-uniform with large peaks and valleys, the frequency change will result in a changing stress state that must be accounted for. Evaluation of the accumulated damage can be done through accounting for the natural frequency change. This model uses experimental data to determine two empirical constants to predict time to failure for various complex random vibration profiles. Although the new model will utilize an experimental component in lieu of FEA, the physics of the underlying failure will be retained. Additionally the model has shown good correlation to experimental data, and improvements over existing techniques. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Paulus, Mark] USN, Adv Test Dev, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Keyport, Keyport, WA 98345 USA. [Dasgupta, Abhijit] Univ Maryland, Ctr Adv Life Cycle Engn CALCE, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Paulus, M (reprint author), USN, Adv Test Dev, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Keyport, 610 Dowell St, Keyport, WA 98345 USA. EM mark.paulus@navy.mil; dasgupta@umd.edu FU Office of Naval Research; N-Star program, through the In-house Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR); Naval Innovative Science and Engineering (NISE) programs FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research, N-Star program, through the In-house Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) and Naval Innovative Science and Engineering (NISE) programs. Distribution Statement A: Approved for Public Release. Distribution is unlimited. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-1123 J9 INT J FATIGUE JI Int. J. Fatigue PD DEC PY 2012 VL 45 BP 82 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2012.06.008 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 010KR UT WOS:000309093800009 ER PT J AU Good, B Ransom, P Simmons, S Good, A Mirotznik, MS AF Good, Brandon Ransom, Paul Simmons, Shaun Good, Austin Mirotznik, Mark S. TI Design of graded index flat lenses with integrated antireflective properties SO MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE flat lens; graded index lens; antireflective; subwavelength; rigorous coupled-wave ID DIFFRACTIVE ELEMENTS; GRATINGS; IMPLEMENTATION AB We describe a new methodology for designing graded index lenses at microwave wavelengths with integrated antireflective properties. The method leads to a flat lens with minimal reflection losses at a frequency of interest. Both numerical and experimental results for two different design goals are shown to demonstrate the capabilities of the methodology. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:27742781, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27198 C1 [Good, Austin; Mirotznik, Mark S.] Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Good, Brandon; Ransom, Paul; Simmons, Shaun] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock, MD USA. RP Mirotznik, MS (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM mirotzni@udel.edu FU ONR [331] FX This work was sponsored by ONR 331. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0895-2477 J9 MICROW OPT TECHN LET JI Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 54 IS 12 BP 2774 EP 2781 DI 10.1002/mop.27198 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA 011YS UT WOS:000309202800027 ER PT J AU Urick, VJ McKinney, JD Diehl, JF Singley, JM Williams, KJ AF Urick, Vincent J. McKinney, Jason D. Diehl, John F. Singley, Joseph M. Williams, Keith J. TI Analog fiber-optic links employing cascaded phase modulation stages SO MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE microwave photonics; phase modulation; electro-optic modulators; fiber-optics ID MICROWAVE PHOTONICS; OVER-FIBER; GENERATION; SIGNALS; LINEARIZATION; CONVERSION AB An analysis of microwave-photonic links using a series of external phase modulators is presented.Experimental results for a cascade of two modulation stages are used as a proof of principle and agree with the theoretical predictions. Such architectures can be used to improve the performance in external-modulation analog fiber-optic links. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:27972801, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27193 C1 [Urick, Vincent J.; McKinney, Jason D.; Diehl, John F.; Williams, Keith J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Singley, Joseph M.] Sotera Def Solut, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Urick, VJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM vincent.urick@nrl.navy.mil NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0895-2477 J9 MICROW OPT TECHN LET JI Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 54 IS 12 BP 2797 EP 2801 DI 10.1002/mop.27193 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA 011YS UT WOS:000309202800033 ER PT J AU Bertoncini, C Rudd, K Nousain, B Hinders, M AF Bertoncini, Crystal Rudd, Kevin Nousain, Bryan Hinders, Mark TI Wavelet Fingerprinting of Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) Tags SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Pattern recognition; radio-frequency (RF) identification (RFID) ID CLASSIFICATION; SECURITY AB Unintentional modulations of the electromagnetic signal of radio-frequency (RF) emitters are used to identify individual sources of signals as unique from emitters of the same type in a procedure known as RF fingerprinting. It allows for the identification and tracking of physical threats, prevention of unauthorized access, and detecting cloning of sensitive devices. Machine learning techniques assist RF fingerprinting by providing automatic recognition of these unique aspects of individual RF emitters. RF identification (RFID) tags are a common RF emitter used to track supplies and are also present in credit cards and passports to allow for automatic recognition or monetary transfers. Despite advances in RFID cryptography, RFID tags can still be easily cloned and tracked. Here, we implement RF fingerprinting to authenticate individual RFID tags at the physical layer. Features are extracted using the dynamic wavelet fingerprint, and supervised pattern classification techniques are used to identify unique RFID tags with up to 99% accuracy. C1 [Bertoncini, Crystal; Rudd, Kevin; Nousain, Bryan] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hinders, Mark] Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Bertoncini, C (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM crystal.bertoncini@nrl.navy.mil; kevin.rudd@nrl.navy.mil; byran.nousain@nrl.navy.mil; hinders@wm.edu NR 28 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 30 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0278-0046 EI 1557-9948 J9 IEEE T IND ELECTRON JI IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 59 IS 12 BP 4843 EP 4850 DI 10.1109/TIE.2011.2179276 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 970OQ UT WOS:000306142000032 ER PT J AU Johnson, BJ Melde, BJ Dinderman, MA Lin, BC AF Johnson, Brandy J. Melde, Brian J. Dinderman, Michael A. Lin, Baochuan TI Stabilization of RNA through Absorption by Functionalized Mesoporous Silicate Nanospheres SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NANOPARTICLES; DELIVERY; IMMOBILIZATION; STABILITY; TREHALOSE; LIPOSOMES; RELEASE; SIRNA AB The potential for encapsulating RNA within tunable, semi-permeable structures for storage and transportation purposes offers an interesting approach to the reduction of stringent storage requirements that often hamper the field application of genetic analysis methods. In this study, we assessed the potential for application of functionalized, porous silicate sorbents in maintaining nucleic acid integrity. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with and without incorporated stabilizing reagents were used to encapsulate triosephosphate isomerase mRNA of Arabidopsis thaliana. The absorption, elution, and the long-term stability of the RNA were monitored by using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. The results indicate that adsorbed RNA can be eluted from the sorbents using simple buffers and employed directly for downstream molecular diagnostic assays without any further processing. RNA integrity can be maintained for extended time periods under refrigeration temperatures in the presence of covalently immobilized stabilizing compounds. This study provides initial evidence of the potential for application of MSNs in transportation and storage. They may also have utility in sample collection and processing in restrictive environments. C1 [Johnson, Brandy J.; Melde, Brian J.; Dinderman, Michael A.; Lin, Baochuan] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC USA. RP Lin, BC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC USA. EM baochuan.lin@nrl.navy.mil RI Lin, Baochuan/A-8390-2009 OI Lin, Baochuan/0000-0002-9484-0785 FU Office of Naval Research [NRL 6.1] FX The funding for this project is provided by the Office of Naval Research (NRL 6.1). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 30 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e50356 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0050356 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 054WM UT WOS:000312376100076 PM 23226266 ER PT J AU Wu, CT Valls, OT Halterman, K AF Wu, Chien-Te Valls, Oriol T. Halterman, Klaus TI Proximity effects in conical-ferromagnet/superconductor bilayers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTOR-FERROMAGNET STRUCTURES; TRIPLET SUPERCURRENTS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; ERRH4B4; METALS AB We present a study of various aspects of proximity effects in F/S (ferromagnet/superconductor) bilayers, where F has a spiral magnetic texture such as that found in holmium, erbium, and other materials, and S is a conventional s-wave superconductor. We numerically solve the Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) equations self-consistently and use the solutions to compute physical quantities relevant to the proximity effects in these bilayers. We obtain the relation between the superconducting transition temperature T-c and the thicknesses d(F) of the magnetic layer by solving the linearized BdG equations. We find that the T-c (d(F)) curves include multiple oscillations. Moreover, the system may be reentrant not only with d(F), as is the case when the magnet is uniform, but also with temperature T : the superconductivity disappears in certain ranges of d(F) or T. The T reentrance reported here occurs when d(F) is larger than the spatial period of the conical exchange field. We compute the condensation free energies and entropies from the full BdG equations and find the results are in agreement with T-c values obtained by linearization. The inhomogeneous nature of the magnet makes it possible for all odd triplet pairing components to be induced. We have investigated their properties and found that, as compared to the singlet amplitude, both the m = 0 and +/- 1 triplet components exhibit long-range penetration. For nanoscale bilayers, the proximity lengths for both layers are also obtained. These lengths oscillate with d(F) and they are found to be long range on both sides. These results are shown to be consistent with recent experiments. We also calculate the reverse proximity effect described by the three-dimensional local magnetization, and the local density of states, which reveals important energy-resolved signatures associated with the proximity effects. C1 [Wu, Chien-Te; Valls, Oriol T.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Halterman, Klaus] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Phys, Michelson Lab, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Valls, Oriol T.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Wu, CT (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM wu@physics.umn.edu; otvalls@umn.edu; klaus.halterman@navy.mil OI Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134 FU ONR; DoD (HPCMP); IARPA [N66001-12-1-2023] FX We thank C. Grasse for technical support. K. H. is supported in part by ONR and grants of computing resources from DoD (HPCMP). O.T.V. and C.-T. Wu are supported in part by IARPA under Grant No. N66001-12-1-2023. NR 56 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 30 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 18 AR 184517 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.184517 PG 15 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 045RO UT WOS:000311714700005 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Allafort, A Schady, P Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bellazzini, R Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Borgland, AW Bottacini, E Bouvier, A Bregeon, J Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Charles, E Chaves, RCG Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Chiaro, G Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Palma, F Dermer, CD Digel, SW Silva, EDE Domnguez, A Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Focke, WB Franckowiak, A Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grove, JE Guiriec, S Gustafsson, M Hadasch, D Hayashida, M Hays, E Jackson, MS Jogler, T Kataoka, J Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Larsson, S Latronico, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Mehault, J Michelson, PF Mizuno, T Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Tramacere, A Nuss, E Greiner, J Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orienti, M Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Perkins, JS Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Reyes, LC Ritz, S Rau, A Romoli, C Roth, M Sanchez-Conde, M Sanchez, DA Scargle, JD Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Spandre, G Spinelli, P Stawarz, L Suson, DJ Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vitale, V Waite, AP Winer, BL Wood, KS Wood, M AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Allafort, A. Schady, P. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bellazzini, R. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Borgland, A. W. Bottacini, E. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chaves, R. C. G. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Chiaro, G. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Domnguez, A. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Focke, W. B. Franckowiak, A. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grove, J. E. Guiriec, S. Gustafsson, M. Hadasch, D. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Jackson, M. S. Jogler, T. Kataoka, J. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Mehault, J. Michelson, P. F. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Tramacere, A. Nuss, E. Greiner, J. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orienti, M. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Perkins, J. S. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reyes, L. C. Ritz, S. Rau, A. Romoli, C. Roth, M. Sanchez-Conde, M. Sanchez, D. A. Scargle, J. D. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stawarz, Lukasz Suson, D. J. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Wood, M. TI The Imprint of the Extragalactic Background Light in the Gamma-Ray Spectra of Blazars SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; 1ST STARS; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; UNIVERSE; ABSORPTION; REDSHIFT; OPACITY; FIELDS; GLAST AB The light emitted by stars and accreting compact objects through the history of the universe is encoded in the intensity of the extragalactic background light (EBL). Knowledge of the EBL is important to understand the nature of star formation and galaxy evolution, but direct measurements of the EBL are limited by galactic and other foreground emissions. Here, we report an absorption feature seen in the combined spectra of a sample of gamma-ray blazars out to a redshift of z similar to 1.6. This feature is caused by attenuation of gamma rays by the EBL at optical to ultraviolet frequencies and allowed us to measure the EBL flux density in this frequency band. C1 [Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bottacini, E.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Focke, W. B.; Franckowiak, A.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Jogler, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Sanchez-Conde, M.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bottacini, E.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Focke, W. B.; Franckowiak, A.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Jogler, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Sanchez-Conde, M.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schady, P.; Greiner, J.; Rau, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Chaves, R. C. G.; Grenier, I. A.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, CEA IRFU, Lab AIM,Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Gustafsson, M.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Pivato, G.; Rando, R.; Romoli, C.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.; Tinivella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bouvier, A.; Domnguez, A.; Porter, T. A.; Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Bouvier, A.; Domnguez, A.; Porter, T. A.; Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.; Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, IEEE, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; D'Ammando, F.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.; Razzaque, S.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cheung, C. C.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Chiaro, G.] Univ Padua, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Chiaro, G.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Ciprini, S.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Mehault, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Universe & Particules Montpellier, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Jackson, M. S.; Larsson, S.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.] Royal Swedish Acad Sci Res, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [D'Ammando, F.] IASF Palermo, I-90146 Palermo, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Guiriec, S.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Perkins, J. S.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Giroletti, M.; Orienti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Hayashida, M.] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Jackson, M. S.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.] IRAP, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knoedlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, GAHEC, Toulouse, France. [Larsson, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Latronico, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Tramacere, A.] INTEGRAL Sci Data Ctr, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Ohno, M.; Stawarz, Lukasz] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Perkins, J. S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Perkins, J. S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Perkins, J. S.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Perkins, J. S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Perkins, J. S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reyes, L. C.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 USA. [Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sanchez, D. A.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Stawarz, Lukasz] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Ajello, M (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM majello@slac.stanford.edu; buehler@stanford.edu; anita.reimer@uibk.ac.at RI Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; OI Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Dominguez, Alberto/0000-0002-3433-4610; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; orienti, monica/0000-0003-4470-7094; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924 FU K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Fermi guest investigator program [31117, 51258] FX M. A. acknowledges generous support from the Fermi guest investigator program (proposals ID 31117 and 51258) and the Swift and the Gamma-Ray Burst Optical/Near-Infrared Detector (GROND) teams for observing similar to 100 Fermi blazars in an effort to constrain their redshifts. The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States; the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. J. Conrad is funded by a grant from the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation. E. Troja is a NASA Postdoctoral Program Fellow. NR 45 TC 103 Z9 103 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD NOV 30 PY 2012 VL 338 IS 6111 BP 1190 EP 1192 DI 10.1126/science.1227160 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 045AL UT WOS:000311666200040 PM 23118013 ER PT J AU Li, W Lindsay, L Broido, DA Stewart, DA Mingo, N AF Li, Wu Lindsay, L. Broido, D. A. Stewart, Derek A. Mingo, Natalio TI Thermal conductivity of bulk and nanowire Mg2SixSn1-x alloys from first principles SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LATTICE-DYNAMICS; AB-INITIO; 1ST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATIONS; THERMOELECTRIC PROPERTIES; MG2SI; PHONONS; TEMPERATURE; SCATTERING; MG2GE; GE AB The lattice thermal conductivity (kappa) of the thermoelectric materials, Mg2Si, Mg2Sn, and their alloys, are calculated for bulk and nanowires, without adjustable parameters. We find good agreement with bulk experimental results. For large nanowire diameters, size effects are stronger for the alloy than for the pure compounds. For example, in 200 nm diameter nanowires kappa is lower than its bulk value by 30%, 20%, and 20% for Mg2Si0.6Sn0.4, Mg2Si, and Mg2Sn, respectively. For nanowires less than 20 nm thick, the relative decrease surpasses 50%, and it becomes larger in the pure compounds than in the alloy. At room temperature, kappa of Mg2SixSn1-x is less sensitive to nanostructuring size effects than SixGe1-x, but more sensitive than PbTexSe1-x. This suggests that further improvement of Mg2SixSn1-x as a nontoxic thermoelectric may be possible. C1 [Li, Wu; Mingo, Natalio] CEA Grenoble, LITEN, F-38054 Grenoble 9, France. [Lindsay, L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Broido, D. A.] Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. [Stewart, Derek A.] Cornell Univ, Cornell Nanoscale Facil, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Li, W (reprint author), CEA Grenoble, LITEN, 17 Rue Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble 9, France. RI Lindsay, Lucas/C-9221-2012; Stewart, Derek/B-6115-2008; Li, Wu/D-3751-2015; OI Lindsay, Lucas/0000-0001-9645-7993; Li, Wu/0000-0001-5111-5914; Stewart, Derek/0000-0001-7355-2605 FU Agence Nationale de la Recherche through project ACCATTONE; CEA through project THERMA; EU project NEAT; DARPA; NRC/NRL Research Associateship Program; XSEDE program; NSF Grant [OCI-1053575]; National Science Foundation [1066634]; S3TEC, an Energy Frontier Research Center; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-09ER46577]; NSF [1066406] FX We acknowledge support from Agence Nationale de la Recherche through project ACCATTONE and CEA through project THERMA and the EU project NEAT. L.L. acknowledges support from DARPA, the NRC/NRL Research Associateship Program, and the XSEDE program, which is supported by NSF Grant No. OCI-1053575. D.A.B. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1066634 and from the S3TEC, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Award No. DE-FG02-09ER46577. D.A.S. acknowledges support from the NSF under Grant No. 1066406. A portion of the calculations for this work were performed on the Intel Cluster at the Cornell Nanoscale Facility, part of the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network (NNIN), funded by the NSF. NR 50 TC 115 Z9 115 U1 9 U2 113 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 29 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 17 AR 174307 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.174307 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 045KB UT WOS:000311693600002 ER PT J AU Casalini, R AF Casalini, R. TI The fragility of liquids and colloids and its relation to the softness of the potential SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; GLASS-TRANSITION; DYNAMICS; RELAXATION; POLYMERS; VOLUME AB A parameter that is often used to characterize the dynamics of supercooled liquids is the dynamic fragility, however it is still debated how the fragility is related to other physical properties. Recent experimental data on colloidal systems have found that fragility decreases with increasing softness of the intermolecular potential. This result is in apparent disagreement with recent molecular dynamics simulations reporting the opposite behavior. Herein, using the thermodynamical scaling exponent gamma as a measure of the steepness of the potential we show how these different results can be reconciled and also agree with previous results obtained for the dynamics of supercooled liquids at high pressures. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4768267] C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Casalini, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX The work at the Naval Research Laboratory was supported by the Office of Naval Research. Discussions with C. M. Roland and D. Fragiadakis are gratefully acknowledged. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD NOV 28 PY 2012 VL 137 IS 20 AR 204904 DI 10.1063/1.4768267 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 053DZ UT WOS:000312252100057 PM 23206028 ER PT J AU Chang, YC Chen, GY Tseng, RS Centurioni, LR Chu, PC AF Chang, Y. -C. Chen, G. -Y. Tseng, R. -S. Centurioni, L. R. Chu, Peter C. TI Observed near-surface currents under high wind speeds SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID MIXED-LAYER; HURRICANES; EXCHANGE; PACIFIC; OCEAN; RADAR AB From the Surface Velocity Program (SVP) drifter current and QuikSCAT wind data, the relationship between the observed near-surface current vectors and surface wind vectors for the northwestern Pacific Ocean under high winds (20-50 m s(-1)) are obtained with quantitative estimations of near-surface drift ratio (current speed versus wind speed) r (similar to 2%) and near-surface drift angle alpha (similar to 0 degrees-10 degrees to the right of the winds). These estimations keep unchanged after removing the surface geostrophic component. From the SVP drifter current and daily WindSat wind data, the estimated r is still approximately 2%. Three linear regression equations are obtained between the observed near-surface current speeds and the surface wind stress for the high wind range. C1 [Chang, Y. -C.; Chen, G. -Y.; Tseng, R. -S.] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Appl Marine Phys & Undersea Technol, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan. [Centurioni, L. R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Chu, Peter C.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Naval Ocean Anal & Predict Lab, Monterey, CA USA. RP Chen, GY (reprint author), Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Appl Marine Phys & Undersea Technol, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan. EM guanyu@faculty.nsysu.edu.tw FU Aim for the Top University Plan from the Ministry of Education [00C030200]; National Science Council of Taiwan [NSC 100-2611-M-110-004]; Naval Oceanographic Office FX This research was completed with grants from Aim for the Top University Plan from the Ministry of Education (00C030200) and National Science Council (NSC 100-2611-M-110-004) of Taiwan. Peter C. Chu was supported by the Naval Oceanographic Office. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD NOV 28 PY 2012 VL 117 AR C11026 DI 10.1029/2012JC007996 PG 6 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 047NX UT WOS:000311848700002 ER PT J AU Gentry, S Cheek, SW Lentine, KL Axelrod, DA Dzebashvili, N Segev, DL AF Gentry, S. Cheek, S. W. Lentine, K. L. Axelrod, D. A. Dzebashvili, N. Segev, D. L. TI Geographically Equitable Liver Allocation Using Mathematical Redistricting SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gentry, S.; Cheek, S. W.] US Naval Acad, Math, Baltimore, MD USA. [Gentry, S.; Segev, D. L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Surg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lentine, K. L.; Dzebashvili, N.] St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Outcomes Res, St Louis, MO USA. [Axelrod, D. A.] Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Surg, Hanover, NH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0041-1337 EI 1534-6080 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD NOV 27 PY 2012 VL 94 IS 10 SU S MA 1752 BP 89 EP 89 PG 1 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA V45WJ UT WOS:000209846400163 ER PT J AU Gentry, S AF Gentry, S. TI Collaborating with a Spouse in Transplantation: A Personal Perspective SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gentry, S.] US Naval Acad, Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Gentry, S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Surg, Baltimore, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0041-1337 EI 1534-6080 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD NOV 27 PY 2012 VL 94 IS 10 SU S MA 2330 BP 267 EP 267 PG 1 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA V45WJ UT WOS:000209846401293 ER PT J AU Gentry, S Cheek, SW Lentine, KL Axelrod, DA Dzebashvili, N Segev, DL AF Gentry, S. Cheek, S. W. Lentine, K. L. Axelrod, D. A. Dzebashvili, N. Segev, D. L. TI Geographically Equitable Liver Allocation Using Mathematical Redistricting SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gentry, S.; Cheek, S. W.] US Naval Acad, Math, Baltimore, MD USA. [Gentry, S.; Segev, D. L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Surg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lentine, K. L.; Dzebashvili, N.] St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Outcomes Res, St Louis, MO USA. [Axelrod, D. A.] Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Hanover, NH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0041-1337 EI 1534-6080 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD NOV 27 PY 2012 VL 94 IS 10 SU S MA 1752 BP 521 EP 521 PG 1 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA V45WJ UT WOS:000209846402292 ER PT J AU Kioseoglou, G Hanbicki, AT Currie, M Friedman, AL Gunlycke, D Jonker, BT AF Kioseoglou, G. Hanbicki, A. T. Currie, M. Friedman, A. L. Gunlycke, D. Jonker, B. T. TI Valley polarization and intervalley scattering in monolayer MoS2 SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; WSE2 AB We probe the degree of circular polarization of the emitted photoluminescence from a single MoS2 as a function of the circularly polarized photo-excitation energy. A Single layer of MoS2 has strong emission at around 1.9 eV associated with a direct transition at the K-point of the Brillouin zone. The circular polarization of the photoluminescence is very high for excitation near the bandgap and has a power-law decrease as the excitation energy increases. We identify phonon-assisted intervalley scattering as the primary spin relaxation mechanism and present a model that explains the wide variation in values for the polarization reported in the literature. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4768299] C1 [Kioseoglou, G.] Univ Crete, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Iraklion 71003, Greece. [Hanbicki, A. T.; Currie, M.; Friedman, A. L.; Gunlycke, D.; Jonker, B. T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kioseoglou, G (reprint author), Univ Crete, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Iraklion 71003, Greece. EM gnk@materials.uoc.gr RI Friedman, Adam/D-9610-2011 OI Friedman, Adam/0000-0003-0597-5432 FU NRL; NRL Nanoscience Institute FX We would like to thank Jim Culbertson for assistance with Raman measurements. G.K. gratefully acknowledges the hospitality and support of the Naval Research Laboratory where the experiments were performed. This work was supported by core programs at NRL and the NRL Nanoscience Institute. NR 20 TC 74 Z9 76 U1 13 U2 160 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 26 PY 2012 VL 101 IS 22 AR 221907 DI 10.1063/1.4768299 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 049FF UT WOS:000311967000031 ER PT J AU Kappagantula, KS Farley, C Pantoya, ML Horn, J AF Kappagantula, Keerti S. Farley, Cory Pantoya, Michelle L. Horn, Jillian TI Tuning Energetic Material Reactivity Using Surface Functionalization of Aluminum Fuels SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; NANOPARTICLES; NANO; PASSIVATION; ADSORPTION; THERMITES; OXIDES; FILMS; SIZE AB Combustion analysis of three different thermites consisting of aluminum (Al) particles with and without surface functionalization combined with molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) was performed to study the effect of surface functionalization on flame propagation velocity (FPV). Two types of Al particles had self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of perfluoro tetradecanoic (PFTD) and perfluoro sebacic (PFS) acids around the alumina shell, respectively; the other one did not. Flame speeds for Al with PFTD acid combined with MoO3 are 86% higher than Al/MoO3 whereas those for Al with PFS acid combined with MoO3 are almost half of Al/MoO3. The Al-PFTD structure is more sterically hindered and exhibits lower bond dissociation energy. This chemistry promotes increased flame speeds. Thermal equilibrium studies were performed using a differential scanning calorimeter and a thermogravimetric analyzer to determine activation energy (E-a) of the thermites. Results are consistent with flame speed observations and showed an inverse relationship between flame speed and E-a. This study shows that Surface functionalization can be used as an approach to control the reactivity of Al particles. C1 [Kappagantula, Keerti S.; Farley, Cory; Pantoya, Michelle L.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Horn, Jillian] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Pantoya, ML (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM michelle.pantoya@ttu.edu FU Army Research Office [W911NF-11-1-0439] FX The authors are grateful for support from the Army Research Office contract no. W911NF-11-1-0439 and encouragement from our program manager, Dr. Ralph Anthenien. NR 34 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD NOV 22 PY 2012 VL 116 IS 46 BP 24469 EP 24475 DI 10.1021/jp308620t PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 042HA UT WOS:000311461100009 ER PT J AU Wang, H Tang, V McCarrick, J Moran, S AF Wang, H. Tang, V. McCarrick, J. Moran, S. TI Reconstruction algorithm for point source neutron imaging through finite thickness scintillator SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Maximum entropy method; Support vector machines; Fast neutron radiography; MCNP; Cone beam effect ID MAXIMUM-ENTROPY METHOD; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION; NOISY DATA; TOMOGRAPHY AB A new inversion algorithm based on the maximum entropy method (MEM) is proposed to remove unwanted effects in fast neutron imaging which result from an uncollimated source interacting with a finitely thick scintillator. The algorithm takes as an input the image from the thick scintillator (TS) and the radiography setup geometry. The algorithm then outputs a restored image which appears as if taken with an infinitesimally thin scintillator (ITS). The inversion is accomplished by numerically generating a probabilistic model relating the ITS image to the TS image and then inverting this model on the TS image through MEM. Algorithm details as well as numerical results using MCNP simulated images are presented. This reconstruction technique can reduce the exposure time or the required source intensity without undesirable object blurring on the image by allowing the use of both thicker scintillators with higher efficiencies and closer source-to-detector distances to maximize incident radiation flux. The technique should also be applicable to high energy gamma or x-ray radiography using thick scintillators. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, H.; Tang, V.; McCarrick, J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Moran, S.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Wang, H (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM hanwang@berkeley.edu; tang23@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy Na-22 Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We thank Jim Hall, Brian Rusnak, and Phil Kerr at LLNL for discussions and guidance on neutron imaging as well as the loan of imaging equipment and facilities. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy Na-22 Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development under the Radiological Source Replacement program and was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD NOV 21 PY 2012 VL 693 BP 294 EP 301 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2012.07.018 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 036EE UT WOS:000311008400038 ER PT J AU Lee, MJ Antonsen, TM Ott, E Pecora, LM AF Lee, Ming-Jer Antonsen, Thomas M. Ott, Edward Pecora, Louis M. TI Theory of chaos regularization of tunneling in chaotic quantum dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID WAVE-FUNCTIONS; FINITE DOMAIN; PHASE-SPACE; SYSTEMS; STATES; EIGENFREQUENCIES; STATISTICS; BOUNDARY; EQUATION; SCARS AB Recent numerical experiments of Pecora et al. [Phys. Rev. E 83, 065201 (2011)] have investigated tunneling between two-dimensional symmetric double wells separated by a tunneling barrier. The wells were bounded by hard walls and by the potential barrier which was created by a step increase from the zero potential within a well to a uniform barrier potential within the barrier region, which is a situation potentially realizable in the context of quantum dots. Numerical results for the splitting of energy levels between symmetric and antisymmetric eigenstates were calculated. It was found that the splittings vary erratically from state to state, and the statistics of these variations were studied for different well shapes with the fluctuation levels being much less in chaotic wells than in comparable nonchaotic wells. Here we develop a quantitative theory for the statistics of the energy level splittings for chaotic wells. Our theory is based on the random plane wave hypothesis of Berry. While the fluctuation statistics are very different for chaotic and nonchaotic well dynamics, we show that the mean splittings of differently shaped wells, including integrable and chaotic wells, are the same if their well areas and barrier parameters are the same. We also consider the case of tunneling from a single well into a region with outgoing quantum waves. C1 [Lee, Ming-Jer; Antonsen, Thomas M.; Ott, Edward] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Pecora, Louis M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lee, MJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM leemj@umd.edu RI O, E/F-1630-2015; Antonsen, Thomas/D-8791-2017 OI Antonsen, Thomas/0000-0002-2362-2430 FU ONR [N0001407-1-0734, N000140911190]; AFOSR [FA99500710049] FX This work was supported by ONR (Grants No. N0001407-1-0734 and No. N000140911190) and by AFOSR (Grant No. FA99500710049). NR 32 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD NOV 21 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 5 AR 056212 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.86.056212 PN 2 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 041CS UT WOS:000311374400001 PM 23214862 ER PT J AU Prak, DJL Gordon, KC Peterson, JM O'Sullivan, DW AF Prak, Dianne J. Luning Gordon, Katherine C. Peterson, Jake M. O'Sullivan, Daniel W. TI Photolysis of dinitrobenzyl alcohols, dinitrobenzaldehydes, and nitrobenzoic acids in seawater, estuary water, and pure water SO MARINE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen compounds; Photolysis; Ultraviolet radiation; Sea water ID 2,6-DINITROTOLUENE; 2,4-DINITROTOLUENE; SOLUBILITY; 2,4-DINITROBENZALDEHYDE; 2,6-DINITROBENZALDEHYDE; NITROBENZALDEHYDES; MUTAGENICITY; MECHANISMS; BEHAVIOR AB Photolytic transformation of the propellants 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) and 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT) produces 2,4-dinitrobenzyl alcohol (2,4-DNBOH), 2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol (2,6-DNBOH), 2,4-dinitrobenzaldehyde (2,4-DNBCHO), 2,6-dinitrobenzaldehyde (2,6-DNCHO), 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid (2,4-DNBCOOH) and 2-amino 4-nitrobenzoic acid (2A4NBA). In this work, the photolysis rates of the products of the parent dinitrotoluenes in both natural and laboratory-prepared waters were measured. The photochemical degradation was studied using a Suntest CPS+(R) solar simulator equipped with various filters designed to select specific regions of the solar spectrum. HPLC analysis was used to determine the degradation rates of the compounds. Photolysis rates of the alcohols and aldehydes were influenced by the wavelength of the light irradiating the compound; 295, 305, and 320 nm long-pass filter exposures produced similar rates of degradation while the 395 nm filter exposure produced minimal degradation. Under the 295-nm filter, the first-order degradation rate constants were highest for 2,6-DNBOH (4 h(-1)), followed by 2,4-DNBCHO and 2,6-DNBCHO (3 h(-1)), with the smallest for 2,4-DNBOH (2 h(-1)). The aqueous phase composition (filtered seawater, estuary water, ultrapure water) had minimal impact on the photolysis rates. All four compounds were degraded faster than the parent 2,4-DINFT and 2,6-DNT. In contrast, the 2,4-DNBCOOH and 2A4NBA were not photolyzed under any of the conditions studied. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Prak, Dianne J. Luning; Gordon, Katherine C.; Peterson, Jake M.; O'Sullivan, Daniel W.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Prak, DJL (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, 572 M Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM prak@usna.edu; katherine.gordon@usmc.mil; jpeterson0003@training.navy.mil OI O'Sullivan, Daniel/0000-0001-9104-5703 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency; Office of Naval Research; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program [ER-2123] FX The authors wish to thank Ms. Jackie Brown for her help in HPLC maintenance. Funding for this research came from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, the Office of Naval Research, and the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program, grant # ER-2123. These funding sources were not involved in the study design; in collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the article for publication. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4203 J9 MAR CHEM JI Mar. Chem. PD NOV 20 PY 2012 VL 145 BP 29 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.marchem.2012.07.005 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Chemistry; Oceanography GA 068WQ UT WOS:000313397300003 ER PT J AU Algar, WR Malanoski, AP Susumu, K Stewart, MH Hildebrandt, N Medintz, IL AF Algar, W. Russ Malanoski, Anthony P. Susumu, Kimihiro Stewart, Michael H. Hildebrandt, Niko Medintz, Igor L. TI Multiplexed Tracking of Protease Activity Using a Single Color of Quantum Dot Vector and a Time-Gated Forster Resonance Energy Transfer Relay SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY; ALPHA-CHYMOTRYPSIN; ENZYME-ACTIVITY; NANOPARTICLES; ACTIVATION; KINETICS; DELIVERY; CELLS; SIDE AB Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are attractive probes for optical sensing and imaging due to their unique photophysical attributes and nanoscale size. In particular, the development of assays and biosensors based on QDs and Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) continues to be a prominent focus of research. Here, we demonstrate the application of QDs as simultaneous donors and acceptors in a time-gated FRET relay for the multiplexed detection of protease activity. In contrast to the current state-of-the-art, which uses multiple colors of QDs, multiplexing was achieved using only a single color of QD. The other constituents of the FRET relay, a luminescent terbium complex and fluorescent dye, were assembled to QDs via peptides that were selected as substrates for the model proteases trypsin and chymotrypsin. Loss of prompt FRET between the QD and dye signaled the activity of chymotrypsin; loss of time-gated FRET between the terbium and QD signaled the activity of trypsin. We applied the FRET relay in a series of quantitative, real-time kinetic assays of increasing biochemical complexity, including multiplexed sensing, measuring inhibition in a multiplexed format, and tracking the proteolytic activation of an inactive pro-protease to its active form in a coupled, multienzyrne system. These capabilities were derived from a ratiometric analysis of the two FRET pathways in the relay and permitted extraction of initial reaction rates, enzyme specificity constants, and apparent inhibition constants. This work adds to the growing body of research on multifunctional nanoparticles and introduces multiplexed sensing as a novel capability for a single nanoparticle vector. Furthermore, the ability to track both enzymes within a coupled biological system using one vector represents a significant advancement for nanoparticle-based biosensing. Prospective applications in biochemical research, applied diagnostics, and drug discovery are discussed. C1 [Algar, W. Russ; Malanoski, Anthony P.; Medintz, Igor L.] USN, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Susumu, Kimihiro; Stewart, Michael H.] USN, Opt Sci Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Algar, W. Russ] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Hildebrandt, Niko] Univ Paris 11, Inst Elect Fondamentale, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Susumu, Kimihiro] Sotera Def Solut, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. RP Algar, WR (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. EM algar@chem.ubc.ca; igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil RI Malanoski, Anthony/C-7814-2011 OI Malanoski, Anthony/0000-0001-6192-888X FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); NRL Nanoscience Institute (NSI), Office of Naval Research (ONR), Defense Threat Reduction Agency-Joint Science and Technology Office (DTRA-JSTO) [B112582M]; European Commission (FP7 project NANOGNOSTICS); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada FX The authors acknowledge financial support from the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and NRL Nanoscience Institute (NSI), Office of Naval Research (ONR), Defense Threat Reduction Agency-Joint Science and Technology Office (DTRA-JSTO) (MIPR no. B112582M), and the European Commission (FP7 project NANOGNOSTICS). WRA is grateful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada for support through a postdoctoral fellowship. NR 52 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 154 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD NOV 20 PY 2012 VL 84 IS 22 BP 10136 EP 10146 DI 10.1021/ac3028068 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 055RP UT WOS:000312434800066 PM 23128345 ER PT J AU Chen, W AF Chen, Wei TI Optimal out-of-band correction for multispectral remote sensing SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID OCEAN AB In this paper, an optimal out-of-band (OOB) correction transform (OOBCT) for dealing with onboard Visible/Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) OOB effects is proposed. This paper addresses the OOB response issue without consideration of the impact of other error sources on the correction processing. The OOBCT matrix is derived by minimizing an objective function of error summation between the expected and realistic recovered band-averaged spectral radiances. Using the VIIRS filter transmittance functions for all multiband sensors obtained from prelaunch laboratory measurements and a simulated dataset obtained from Airborne Visible InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) hyperspectral data, the OOBCT matrix is numerically computed. The processing of the OOB correction is straightforward and can be performed by a product between the OOBCT matrix and a measured multispectral image vector. The experimental results with both AVIRIS and Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean datasets demonstrate that the ratios of average errors of recovered band-averaged spectral radiances divided by the measured radiances with the OOB responses are less than 4%. The average values of the relative errors for all pixels and bands indicate that the OOBCT method outperforms the works reported in literature. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chen, W (reprint author), USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM wei.chen@nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Office of Naval Research; NOAA; NASA FX The research reported here was partially supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research and by the Joint Polar Satellite System of NOAA and NASA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD NOV 20 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 33 BP 7962 EP 7968 DI 10.1364/AO.51.007962 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 041QH UT WOS:000311415800010 PM 23207306 ER PT J AU Karpen, JT Antiochos, SK DeVore, CR AF Karpen, J. T. Antiochos, S. K. DeVore, C. R. TI THE MECHANISMS FOR THE ONSET AND EXPLOSIVE ERUPTION OF CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS AND ERUPTIVE FLARES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE magnetic fields; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: flares ID HOMOLOGOUS SOLAR-FLARES; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; BREAKOUT MODEL; CURRENT SHEETS; INTERNAL RECONNECTION; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; EXTERNAL RECONNECTION; QUIESCENT FILAMENT; 2-RIBBON FLARES; FLUX EMERGENCE AB We have investigated the onset and acceleration of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and eruptive flares. To isolate the eruption physics, our study uses the breakout model, which is insensitive to the energy buildup process leading to the eruption. We performed 2.5D simulations with adaptive mesh refinement that achieved the highest overall spatial resolution to date in a CME/eruptive flare simulation. The ultra-high resolution allows us to separate clearly the timing of the various phases of the eruption. Using new computational tools, we have determined the number and evolution of all X- and O-type nulls in the system, thereby tracking both the progress and the products of reconnection throughout the computational domain. Our results show definitively that CME onset is due to the start of fast reconnection at the breakout current sheet. Once this reconnection begins, eruption is inevitable; if this is the only reconnection in the system, however, the eruption will be slow. The explosive CME acceleration is triggered by fast reconnection at the flare current sheet. Our results indicate that the explosive eruption is caused by a resistive instability, not an ideal process. Moreover, both breakout and flare reconnections begin first as a form of weak tearing characterized by slowly evolving plasmoids, but eventually transition to a fast form with well-defined Alfvenic reconnection jets and rapid flux transfer. This transition to fast reconnection is required for both CME onset and explosive acceleration. We discuss the key implications of our results for CME/flare observations and for theories of magnetic reconnection. C1 [Karpen, J. T.; Antiochos, S. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [DeVore, C. R.] NRL, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Karpen, JT (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 674, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RI Antiochos, Spiro/D-4668-2012; DeVore, C/A-6067-2015 OI Antiochos, Spiro/0000-0003-0176-4312; DeVore, C/0000-0002-4668-591X FU NASA's LWS research program; Heliophysics SR&T research program FX We thank B. Dennis, D. Falconer, and K. D. Leka for helpful discussions, and the referee for suggestions that have improved this paper. This work was supported in part by NASA's LWS and Heliophysics SR&T research programs. The computer resources were provided by the DoD HPCMP. NR 98 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 13 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2012 VL 760 IS 1 AR 81 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/760/1/81 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 035DD UT WOS:000310922200081 ER PT J AU Kruger, AJ Richter, MJ Seifahrt, A Carr, JS Najita, JR Moerchen, MM Doppmann, GW AF Kruger, Andrew J. Richter, Matthew J. Seifahrt, Andreas Carr, John S. Najita, Joan R. Moerchen, Margaret M. Doppmann, Greg W. TI GAS AND DUST ABSORPTION IN THE DoAr 24E SYSTEM SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; protoplanetary disks; stars: individual (DoAr 24E); stars: pre-main sequence ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; T-TAURI STARS; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; INFRARED SPECTROGRAPH; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; FORMING REGIONS; GV-TAU; EMISSION; CO AB We present findings for DoAr 24E, a binary system that includes a classical infrared companion. We observed the DoAr 24E system with the Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph (IRS), with high-resolution, near-infrared spectroscopy of CO vibrational transitions, and with mid-infrared imaging. The source of high extinction toward infrared companions has been an item of continuing interest. Here we investigate the disk structure of DoAr 24E using the column densities, temperature, and velocity profiles of two CO absorption features seen toward DoAr 24Eb. We model the spectral energy distributions found using T-ReCS imaging and investigate the likely sources of extinction toward DoAr 24Eb. We find the lack of silicate absorption and small CO column density toward DoAr 24Eb suggest that the mid-infrared continuum is not as extinguished as the near-infrared, possibly due to the mid-infrared originating from an extended region. This, along with the velocity profile of the CO absorption, suggests that the source of high extinction is likely due to a disk or disk wind associated with DoAr 24Eb. C1 [Kruger, Andrew J.] Wilbur Wright Coll, Dept Phys Sci, Chicago, IL 60634 USA. [Richter, Matthew J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Seifahrt, Andreas] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carr, John S.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Najita, Joan R.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Moerchen, Margaret M.] European So Observ, Santiago 19, Chile. [Moerchen, Margaret M.] Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Doppmann, Greg W.] WM Keck Observ, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA. RP Kruger, AJ (reprint author), Wilbur Wright Coll, Dept Phys Sci, 4300 N Narragansett Ave, Chicago, IL 60634 USA. FU National Science Foundation [AST-0708074]; NASA through contract RSA [1346810]; NASA FX We thank the anonymous reviewer for the constructive comments and suggestions. Support for this work was provided by the National Science Foundation under grant No. AST-0708074, and by NASA through contract RSA No. 1346810, issued by JPL/Caltech. This work is based on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope and Gemini Observatory. The Spitzer Space Telescope is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. The Gemini Observatory is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the Science and Technology Facilities Council (United Kingdom), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian Research Council (Australia), Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia (Brazil), and Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva (Argentina). This work was also based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under program ID 179.C-0151, and made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2012 VL 760 IS 1 AR 88 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/760/1/88 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 035DD UT WOS:000310922200088 ER PT J AU Ruan, JJ Anderson, SF MacLeod, CL Becker, AC Burnett, TH Davenport, JRA Ivezic, Z Kochanek, CS Plotkin, RM Sesar, B Stuart, JS AF Ruan, John J. Anderson, Scott F. MacLeod, Chelsea L. Becker, Andrew C. Burnett, T. H. Davenport, James R. A. Ivezic, Zeljko Kochanek, Christopher S. Plotkin, Richard M. Sesar, Branimir Stuart, J. Scott TI CHARACTERIZING THE OPTICAL VARIABILITY OF BRIGHT BLAZARS: VARIABILITY-BASED SELECTION OF FERMI ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: general; galaxies: active; quasars: general ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; PALOMAR-QUEST SURVEY; GAMMA-RAY SOURCES; BL LACERTAE; RADIO-QUIET; SOURCE CATALOG; VARIABLE SKY; DATA RELEASE; QUASARS AB We investigate the use of optical photometric variability to select and identify blazars in large-scale time-domain surveys, in part to aid in the identification of blazar counterparts to the similar to 30% of gamma-ray sources in the Fermi 2FGL catalog still lacking reliable associations. Using data from the optical LINEAR asteroid survey, we characterize the optical variability of blazars by fitting a damped random walk model to individual light curves with two main model parameters, the characteristic timescales of variability tau, and driving amplitudes on short timescales (sigma) over cap Imposing cuts on minimum tau and (sigma) over cap allows for blazar selection with high efficiency E and completeness C. To test the efficacy of this approach, we apply this method to optically variable LINEAR objects that fall within the several-arcminute error ellipses of gamma-ray sources in the Fermi 2FGL catalog. Despite the extreme stellar contamination at the shallow depth of the LINEAR survey, we are able to recover previously associated optical counterparts to Fermi active galactic nuclei with E >= 88% and C = 88% in Fermi 95% confidence error ellipses having semimajor axis r < 8'. We find that the suggested radio counterpart to Fermi source 2FGL J1649.6+5238 has optical variability consistent with other gamma-ray blazars and is likely to be the gamma-ray source. Our results suggest that the variability of the non-thermal jet emission in blazars is stochastic in nature, with unique variability properties due to the effects of relativistic beaming. After correcting for beaming, we estimate that the characteristic timescale of blazar variability is similar to 3 years in the rest frame of the jet, in contrast with the similar to 320 day disk flux timescale observed in quasars. The variability-based selection method presented will be useful for blazar identification in time-domain optical surveys and is also a probe of jet physics. C1 [Ruan, John J.; Anderson, Scott F.; MacLeod, Chelsea L.; Becker, Andrew C.; Davenport, James R. A.; Ivezic, Zeljko] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [MacLeod, Chelsea L.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Burnett, T. H.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kochanek, Christopher S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Plotkin, Richard M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Plotkin, Richard M.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Sesar, Branimir] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Stuart, J. Scott] MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. RP Ruan, JJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM jruan@astro.washington.edu OI Plotkin, Richard/0000-0002-7092-0326; Davenport, James/0000-0002-0637-835X FU NSF [AST-0807500, AST-0551161, AST-1009756, AST-0908139]; Croatian National Science Foundation [O-1548-2009]; Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Vidi Fellowship; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NRA) [NNH09ZDA001N, 09-NEOO09-0010]; United States Air Force [FA8721-05-C-0002] FX The authors thank Eric Agol (University of Washington) and Ying Zu (Ohio State University) for helpful discussions regarding AGN variability. Z.I. and C. L. M. acknowledge support by NSF grant AST-0807500 to the University of Washington, NSF grant AST-0551161 to LSST for design and development activity, and Croatian National Science Foundation grant O-1548-2009. R. M. P. acknowledges support from a Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Vidi Fellowship. C. S. K. is supported by NSF grant AST-1009756. B. S. acknowledges NSF grant AST-0908139 awarded to Judy Cohen for partial support.; The LINEAR program is sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NRA No. NNH09ZDA001N, 09-NEOO09-0010) and the United States Air Force under Air Force Contract FA8721-05-C-0002. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the United States Government. NR 54 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2012 VL 760 IS 1 AR 51 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/760/1/51 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 035DD UT WOS:000310922200051 ER PT J AU Brooks, DH Warren, HP AF Brooks, David H. Warren, Harry P. TI THE CORONAL SOURCE OF EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET LINE PROFILE ASYMMETRIES IN SOLAR ACTIVE REGION OUTFLOWS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE solar wind; Sun: abundances; Sun: corona ID EUV IMAGING SPECTROMETER; EMISSION MEASURE; SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS; TEMPERATURE STRUCTURE; DENSITY-MEASUREMENTS; LOOPS OBSERVATIONS; ATOMIC DATABASE; HINODE-EIS; WIND; FLOWS AB High-resolution spectra from the Hinode EUV Imaging Spectrometer have revealed that coronal spectral line profiles are sometimes asymmetric, with a faint enhancement in the blue wing on the order of 100 km s(-1). These asymmetries could be important since they may be subtle yet diagnostically useful signatures of coronal heating or solar wind acceleration processes. It has also been suggested that they are signatures of chromospheric jets supplying mass and energy to the corona. Until now, however, there have been no studies of the physical properties of the plasma producing the asymmetries. Here we identify regions of asymmetric profiles in the outflows of AR 10978 using an asymmetric Gaussian function and extract the intensities of the faint component using multiple Gaussian fits. We then derive the temperature structure and chemical composition of the plasma producing the asymmetries. We find that the asymmetries are dependent on temperature, and are clearer and stronger in coronal lines. The temperature distribution peaks around 1.4-1.8 MK with an emission measure at least an order of magnitude larger than that at 0.6 MK. The first ionization potential bias is found to be 3-5, implying that the high-speed component of the outflows may also contribute to the slow-speed wind. Observations and models indicate that it takes time for plasma to evolve to a coronal composition, suggesting that the material is trapped on closed loops before escaping, perhaps by interchange reconnection. The results, therefore, identify the plasma producing the asymmetries as having a coronal origin. C1 [Warren, Harry P.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Brooks, David H.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Brooks, DH (reprint author), ISAS JAXA, Hinode Team, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. EM dhbrooks@ssd5.nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory; NASA Hinode program FX We thank Martin Laming for helpful discussions. This work was performed under contract with the Naval Research Laboratory and was funded by the NASA Hinode program. Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA, with NAOJ as domestic partner and NASA and STFC (UK) as international partners. It is operated by these agencies in cooperation with ESA and NSC (Norway). NR 41 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD NOV 20 PY 2012 VL 760 IS 1 AR L5 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/760/1/L5 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 033ZE UT WOS:000310839100005 ER PT J AU Ji, SZ Ponting, M Lepkowicz, RS Rosenberg, A Flynn, R Beadie, G Baer, E AF Ji, Shanzuo Ponting, Michael Lepkowicz, Richard S. Rosenberg, Armand Flynn, Richard Beadie, Guy Baer, Eric TI A bio-inspired polymeric gradient refractive index (GRIN) human eye lens SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTALLINE LENS; OPTICAL-MODEL AB A synthetic polymeric lens was designed and fabricated based on a bio-inspired, "Age=5" human eye lens design by utilizing a nanolayered polymer film-based technique. The internal refractive index distribution of an anterior and posterior GRIN lens were characterized and confirmed against design by mu ATR-FTIR. 3D surface topography of the fabricated aspheric anterior and posterior lenses was measured by placido-cone topography and exhibited confirmation of the desired aspheric surface shape. Furthermore, the wavefronts of aspheric posterior GRIN and PMMA lenses were measured and simulated by interferometry and Zemax software, respectively. Their results show that the gradient index distribution reduces the overall wavefront error as compared a homogenous PMMA lens of an identical geometry. Finally, the anterior and posterior GRIN lenses were assembled into a bio-inspired GRIN human eye lens through which a clear imaging was possible. (C)2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Ji, Shanzuo; Ponting, Michael; Baer, Eric] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Macromol Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Ponting, Michael] PolymerPlus LLC, Valley View, OH 44125 USA. [Lepkowicz, Richard S.] Rose Hulman Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Opt Engn, Terre Haute, IN 47803 USA. [Rosenberg, Armand; Flynn, Richard; Beadie, Guy] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ji, SZ (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Macromol Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM mponting@polymerplus.net FU NSF Center of Layered Polymeric Systems [DMR-0423914]; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency [HR0011-10-C-0110] FX This research was supported by the NSF Center of Layered Polymeric Systems (Grant DMR-0423914) and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (Contract HR0011-10-C-0110). NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 32 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD NOV 19 PY 2012 VL 20 IS 24 BP 26746 EP 26754 DI 10.1364/OE.20.026746 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 055YB UT WOS:000312452800064 PM 23187529 ER PT J AU Devgan, PS Hastings, AS Urick, VJ Williams, KJ AF Devgan, Preetpaul S. Hastings, Alexander S. Urick, Vincent J. Williams, Keith J. TI Cancellation of photodiode-induced second harmonic distortion using single side band modulation from a dual parallel Mach-Zehnder SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID CHROMATIC DISPERSION; PHOTODETECTORS; NONLINEARITIES; SUPPRESSION AB We have theoretically and experimentally investigated using a dual parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-MZM) in an RF photonic link to cancel the second harmonic distortion due to the photodiode. Biasing the DP-MZM for single sideband modulation, the second harmonic generated by the DP-MZM can be set out of phase with the second harmonic generated at the photodiode. We measure the output intercept point of the second harmonic distortion of the link to be 55.3 dBm, which is an improvement of over 32 dB as compared to only the photodiode. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Devgan, Preetpaul S.; Hastings, Alexander S.; Urick, Vincent J.; Williams, Keith J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Devgan, PS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM pdevgan@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 18 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD NOV 19 PY 2012 VL 20 IS 24 BP 27163 EP 27173 DI 10.1364/OE.20.027163 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA 055YB UT WOS:000312452800106 PM 23187572 ER PT J AU Smith, CR Solano, M Lutmerding, BA Johnson, SP Meegan, JM Le-Bert, CR Emory-Gomez, F Cassle, S Carlin, K Jensen, ED AF Smith, Cynthia R. Solano, Mauricio Lutmerding, Betsy A. Johnson, Shawn P. Meegan, Jennifer M. Le-Bert, Carolina R. Emory-Gomez, Forrest Cassle, Stephen Carlin, Kevin Jensen, Eric D. TI Pulmonary ultrasound findings in a bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus population SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS LA English DT Article DE Cetacean; Diagnostic imaging; Lung disease; Pulmonary ID ALVEOLAR-INTERSTITIAL SYNDROME; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; RING-DOWN ARTIFACT; GULF-OF-MEXICO; THORACIC ULTRASONOGRAPHY; STENELLA-COERULEOALBA; MORBILLIVIRAL-DISEASE; PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS; PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS; LUNG ULTRASOUND AB Lung disease is common among wild and managed populations of bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus. The purpose of the study was to apply standardized techniques to the ultrasound evaluation of dolphin lungs, and to identify normal and abnormal sonographic findings associated with pleuropulmonary diseases. During a 5 yr period (2005 to 2010), 498 non-cardiac thoracic ultrasound exams were performed on bottlenose dolphins at the Navy Marine Mammal Program in San Diego, California, USA. Exams were conducted as part of routine physical exams, diagnostic workups, and disease monitoring. In the majority of routine exams, no abnormal pleural or pulmonary findings were detected with ultrasound. Abnormal findings were typically detected during non-routine exams to identify and track disease progression or resolution; therefore, abnormal results are overrepresented in the study. In order of decreasing prevalence, abnormal sonographic findings included evidence of alveolar-interstitial syndrome, pleural effusion, pulmonary masses, and pulmonary consolidation. Of these findings, alveolar-interstitial syndrome was generally nonspecific as it represented several possible disease states. Pairing ultrasound findings with clinical signs was critical to determine relevance. Pleural effusion, pulmonary masses, and pulmonary consolidation were relatively straightforward to diagnose and interpret. Further diagnostics were performed to obtain definitive diagnoses when appropriate, specifically ultrasound-guided thoracocentesis, fine needle aspirates, and lung biopsies, as well as radiographs and computed tomography (CT) exams. Occasionally, post mortem gross necropsy and histopathology data were available to provide confirmation of diagnoses. Thoracic ultrasound was determined to be a valuable diagnostic tool for detecting pleural and pulmonary diseases in dolphins. C1 [Smith, Cynthia R.; Lutmerding, Betsy A.; Johnson, Shawn P.; Meegan, Jennifer M.; Le-Bert, Carolina R.; Emory-Gomez, Forrest; Carlin, Kevin] Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Solano, Mauricio] Tufts Univ, Cummings Sch Vet Med, North Grafton, MA 01536 USA. [Cassle, Stephen; Jensen, Eric D.] USN, Marine Mammal Program, SSC PACIFIC Code 71510, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Smith, CR (reprint author), Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM cynthia.smith@nmmf.org FU Office of Naval Research [N0001411WX2 0241] FX We thank the Office of Naval Research for funding support of this project (award no. N0001411WX2 0241). We also thank the veterinarians who contributed to this paper through case management and ultrasound examinations, particularly W. Van Bonn and C. Dold. V. Cendejas provided invaluable technical support to the clinical veterinarians. The Navy Marine Mammal Program biotechnicians, trainers, and managers were instrumental in facilitating exams. J. Behm assisted in the literature review. Special thanks to S. Ridgway and S. Venn-Watson for their review of this manuscript. NR 82 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 13 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0177-5103 J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN JI Dis. Aquat. Org. PD NOV 19 PY 2012 VL 101 IS 3 BP 243 EP 255 DI 10.3354/dao02537 PG 13 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA 054QC UT WOS:000312357300008 PM 23324421 ER PT J AU Mikles, B Bhatia, M Oyeku, SO Green, NS AF Mikles, Bethany Bhatia, Monica Oyeku, Suzette O. Green, Nancy S. TI Hematology Provider Perspectives On Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 54th Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American-Society-of-Hematology (ASH) CY DEC 08-11, 2012 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Hematol (ASH) C1 [Mikles, Bethany] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, OH USA. [Bhatia, Monica] Columbia Univ, NewYork Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Childrens Hos, New York, NY USA. [Oyeku, Suzette O.] Montefiore Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Green, Nancy S.] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 2021 L ST NW, SUITE 900, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2012 VL 120 IS 21 MA 4276 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 074UG UT WOS:000313838906157 ER PT J AU Courneya, KS Vallance, JK Culos-Reed, SN McNeely, ML Bell, GJ Mackey, JR Yasui, Y Yuan, Y Matthews, CE Lau, DCW Cook, D Friedenreich, CM AF Courneya, Kerry S. Vallance, Jeff K. Culos-Reed, S. Nicole McNeely, Margaret L. Bell, Gordon J. Mackey, John R. Yasui, Yutaka Yuan, Yan Matthews, Charles E. Lau, David C. W. Cook, Diane Friedenreich, Christine M. TI The Alberta moving beyond breast cancer (AMBER) cohort study: a prospective study of physical activity and health-related fitness in breast cancer survivors SO BMC CANCER LA English DT Article DE Breast cancer; Exercise; Physical activity; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Muscular strength; Lymphedema; Quality of life; Exercise determinants; Recurrence; Survival ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE; PLANNED BEHAVIOR; EXERCISE; VALIDATION; DIAGNOSIS; THERAPY AB Background: Limited research has examined the association between physical activity, health-related fitness, and disease outcomes in breast cancer survivors. Here, we present the rationale and design of the Alberta Moving Beyond Breast Cancer (AMBER) Study, a prospective cohort study designed specifically to examine the role of physical activity and health-related fitness in breast cancer survivorship from the time of diagnosis and for the balance of life. The AMBER Study will examine the role of physical activity and health-related fitness in facilitating treatment completion, alleviating treatment side effects, hastening recovery after treatments, improving long term quality of life, and reducing the risks of disease recurrence, other chronic diseases, and premature death. Methods/Design: The AMBER Study will enroll 1500 newly diagnosed, incident, stage I-IIIc breast cancer survivors in Alberta, Canada over a 5 year period. Assessments will be made at baseline (within 90 days of surgery), 1 year, and 3 years consisting of objective and self-reported measurements of physical activity, health-related fitness, blood collection, lymphedema, patient-reported outcomes, and determinants of physical activity. A final assessment at 5 years will measure patient-reported data only. The cohort members will be followed for an additional 5 years for disease outcomes. Discussion: The AMBER cohort will answer key questions related to physical activity and health-related fitness in breast cancer survivors including: (1) the independent and interactive associations of physical activity and health-related fitness with disease outcomes (e.g., recurrence, breast cancer-specific mortality, overall survival), treatment completion rates, symptoms and side effects (e.g., pain, lymphedema, fatigue, neuropathy), quality of life, and psychosocial functioning (e.g., anxiety, depression, self-esteem, happiness), (2) the determinants of physical activity and health-related fitness including demographic, medical, social cognitive, and environmental variables, (3) the mediators of any observed associations between physical activity, health-related fitness, and health outcomes including biological, functional, and psychosocial, and (4) the moderators of any observed associations including demographic, medical, and biological/disease factors. Taken together, these data will provide a comprehensive inquiry into the outcomes, determinants, mechanisms, and moderators of physical activity and health-related fitness in breast cancer survivors. C1 [Courneya, Kerry S.] Univ Alberta, Fac Phys Educ & Recreat, E Vliet Ctr 488, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Vallance, Jeff K.] Athabasca Univ, Fac Hlth Disciplines, Athabasca, AB, Canada. [Culos-Reed, S. Nicole] Univ Calgary, Fac Kinesiol, Calgary, AB, Canada. [McNeely, Margaret L.] Univ Alberta, Fac Rehabil Med, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Mackey, John R.] Univ Alberta, Fac Med & Dent, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Yasui, Yutaka; Yuan, Yan] Univ Alberta, Sch Publ Hlth, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Matthews, Charles E.] USN, Inst Canc, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. [Lau, David C. W.] Univ Calgary, Fac Med, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Friedenreich, Christine M.] Alberta Hlth Serv, Dept Epidemiol, Calgary, AB, Canada. RP Courneya, KS (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Fac Phys Educ & Recreat, E Vliet Ctr 488, Edmonton, AB, Canada. EM kerry.courneya@ualberta.ca RI Yasui, Yutaka/E-2564-2015; matthews, Charles/E-8073-2015 OI Yasui, Yutaka/0000-0002-7717-8638; matthews, Charles/0000-0001-8037-3103 FU Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Canada Research Chairs Program; Alberta Innovates-Health Solutions (AI-HS) Population Health Investigator Award; Canadian Institutes of Health Research New Investigator Award; AI-HS Health Senior Scholar Award; Alberta Cancer Foundation Weekend to End Women's Cancers Breast Cancer Chair FX This study is funded by a Team Grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. KSC is supported by the Canada Research Chairs Program. JKV is supported by an Alberta Innovates-Health Solutions (AI-HS) Population Health Investigator Award and a Canadian Institutes of Health Research New Investigator Award. CMF is supported by an AI-HS Health Senior Scholar Award and by the Alberta Cancer Foundation Weekend to End Women's Cancers Breast Cancer Chair. NR 74 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 31 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2407 J9 BMC CANCER JI BMC Cancer PD NOV 16 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 525 DI 10.1186/1471-2407-12-525 PG 13 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 062ER UT WOS:000312902500001 PM 23153358 ER PT J AU Kucherov, Y Hubler, GK DePalma, RG AF Kucherov, Yan Hubler, Graham K. DePalma, Ralph G. TI Blast induced mild traumatic brain injury/concussion: A physical analysis SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INJURY; WATER; BRILLOUIN; SPECTRUM; MODES AB Currently, a consensus exists that low intensity non-impact blast wave exposure leads to mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Considerable interest in this "invisible injury" has developed in the past few years but a disconnect remains between the biomedical outcomes and possible physical mechanisms causing mTBI. Here, we show that a shock wave travelling through the brain excites a phonon continuum that decays into specific acoustic waves with intensity exceeding brain tissue strength. Damage may occur within the period of the phonon wave, measured in tens to hundreds of nanometers, which makes the damage difficult to detect using conventional modalities. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4765727] C1 [Kucherov, Yan; Hubler, Graham K.] USN, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [DePalma, Ralph G.] Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC 20420 USA. RP Hubler, GK (reprint author), USN, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Res Lab, Code 6360,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM graham.hubler@nrl.navy.mil FU US Marine Corps Systems Command; PM Infantry Combat Equipment; US Veterans Administration ORD FX We thank Jeffrey Byers for useful comments. This work was sponsored by the US Marine Corps Systems Command, PM Infantry Combat Equipment, and US Veterans Administration ORD. The authors report no conflicts of interest and no commercial sponsorships as they pertain to this topic. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors. They do not and should not be interpreted as belonging to or being endorsed by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Department of Defense, or the Government of the United States. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 112 IS 10 AR 104701 DI 10.1063/1.4765727 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 049GF UT WOS:000311969800158 ER PT J AU Straatsma, CJE Johnson, M Elezzabi, AY AF Straatsma, C. J. E. Johnson, M. Elezzabi, A. Y. TI Terahertz spinplasmonics in random ensembles of Ni and Co microparticles SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETORESISTANCE; CHARGE; METALS; SPIN AB Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy has found widespread application due to a number of attractive features including phase-sensitive detection and subpicosecond temporal resolution. Recently, the application of this technique to study ensembles of sub-wavelength ferromagnetic particles resulted in the observation of novel and unusual effects. The shape, relative transmission amplitude, and time delay of a broadband terahertz waveform were sensitive to the magnitude and direction of an applied magnetic field and to the magnetization states of the particles. Furthermore, the addition of a thin coating of nonmagnetic metal (Au) at the surface of the particles had a profound effect on these characteristics. To better understand the new phenomena, a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy investigation of ensembles of ferromagnetic particles is presented in which the test range of magnetic field is extended, including significantly larger magnitude as well as both field polarities. By sweeping the applied field continuously through zero, hysteretic effects are now observed. Furthermore, we show that the effects of a thin nonmagnetic metal coating are not unique to Au. These effects are also observed in particle ensembles in which the ferromagnetic particles are coated with thin Al or Ag films. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4765028] C1 [Straatsma, C. J. E.; Elezzabi, A. Y.] Univ Alberta, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ultrafast Opt & Nanophoton Lab, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada. [Johnson, M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Elezzabi, AY (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ultrafast Opt & Nanophoton Lab, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada. EM elezzabi@ece.ualberta.ca FU Alberta Innovates; Canada Research Chairs (CRC) program; Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by Alberta Innovates and the Canada Research Chairs (CRC) program. MJ gratefully acknowledges the support of the Office of Naval Research. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 112 IS 10 AR 103904 DI 10.1063/1.4765028 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 049GF UT WOS:000311969800079 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, L Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Alekseev, I Alford, J Anderson, BD Anson, CD Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, E Averichev, GS Balewski, J Banerjee, A Barnovska, Z Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Borowski, W Bouchet, J Brandin, AV Brovko, SG Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Butterworth, J Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chaloupka, P Chang, Z Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Chen, L Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Chung, P Chwastowski, J Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Cui, X Leyva, AD De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J de Souza, RD Dhamija, S Didenko, L Ding, F Dion, A Djawotho, P Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Eun, L Evdokimov, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Fedorisin, J Fersch, RG Filip, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Geurts, F Gibson, A Gliske, S Gorbunov, YN Grebenyuk, OG Grosnick, D Gupta, S Guryn, W Haag, B Hajkova, O Hamed, A Han, LX Harris, JW Hays-Wehle, JP Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Horvat, S Huang, B Huang, HZ Huck, P Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jena, C Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kesich, A Kettler, D Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisel, I Kisiel, A Kizka, V Klein, SR Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Koralt, I Koroleva, L Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kulakov, I Kumar, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, L Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, ZM Lima, LM Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Lu, Y Luo, X Luszczak, A Ma, GL Ma, YG Don, DMMDM Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D McShane, TS Mioduszewski, S Mitrovski, MK Mohammed, Y Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, B Munhoz, MG Mustafa, MK Naglis, M Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Nogach, LV Novak, J Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Ohlson, A Okorokov, V Oldag, EW Oliveira, RAN Olson, D Ostrowski, P Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Peryt, W Pile, P Planinic, M Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Powell, CB Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Przybycien, M Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Qiu, H Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Riley, CK Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ross, JF Ruan, L Rusnak, J Sahoo, NR Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandacz, A Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, B Schmitz, N Schuster, TR Seele, J Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, B Sharma, M Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, D Smirnov, N Solanki, D Sorensen, P deSouza, UG Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Steadman, SG Stephans, GSF Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Svirida, DN Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Turnau, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vossen, A Wada, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Jr, CW Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Witzke, W Wu, YF Xiao, Z Xie, W Xin, K Xu, H Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, W Xu, Y Xu, Z Xue, L Yang, Y Yang, Y Yepes, P Yi, Y Yip, K Yoo, IK Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhang, JB Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneeva, Y Zyzak, M AF Adamczyk, L. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Anderson, B. D. Anson, C. D. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Banerjee, A. Barnovska, Z. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Borowski, W. Bouchet, J. Brandin, A. V. Brovko, S. G. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Butterworth, J. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chaloupka, P. Chang, Z. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Chen, L. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Christie, W. Chung, P. Chwastowski, J. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Cui, X. Leyva, A. Davila De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derradi de Souza, R. Dhamija, S. Didenko, L. Ding, F. Dion, A. Djawotho, P. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Elnimr, M. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Eun, L. Evdokimov, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Fedorisin, J. Fersch, R. G. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gangadharan, D. R. Geurts, F. Gibson, A. Gliske, S. Gorbunov, Y. N. Grebenyuk, O. G. Grosnick, D. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hajkova, O. Hamed, A. Han, L-X. Harris, J. W. Hays-Wehle, J. P. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Horvat, S. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jena, C. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kesich, A. Kettler, D. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisel, I. Kisiel, A. Kizka, V. Klein, S. R. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Koralt, I. Koroleva, L. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kulakov, I. Kumar, L. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, L. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. M. Lima, L. M. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Lu, Y. Luo, X. Luszczak, A. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Mioduszewski, S. Mitrovski, M. K. Mohammed, Y. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, B. Munhoz, M. G. Mustafa, M. K. Naglis, M. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Nogach, L. V. Novak, J. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Ohlson, A. Okorokov, V. Oldag, E. W. Oliveira, R. A. N. Olson, D. Ostrowski, P. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Porter, J. Poskanzer, A. M. Powell, C. B. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Przybycien, M. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Riley, C. K. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ross, J. F. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Sahoo, N. R. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandacz, A. Sandweiss, J. Sangaline, E. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, B. Schmitz, N. Schuster, T. R. Seele, J. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, B. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, D. Smirnov, N. Solanki, D. Sorensen, P. deSouza, U. G. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Steadman, S. G. Stephans, G. S. F. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Symons, T. J. M. Szanto de Toledo, A. Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Trzeciak, B. A. Tsai, O. D. Turnau, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Videbaek, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Vossen, A. Wada, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Jr, C. Whitten Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Witzke, W. Wu, Y. F. Xiao, Z. Xie, W. Xin, K. Xu, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xue, L. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yi, Y. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zyzak, M. CA STAR Collaboration TI Inclusive charged hadron elliptic flow in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN)=7.7-39 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QCD PHASE-DIAGRAM; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; CENTRALITY DEPENDENCE; ANISOTROPIC FLOW; COLLECTIVE FLOW; STAR EXPERIMENT; CRITICAL-POINT; TRANSITION; FLUCTUATIONS; SIGNATURE AB A systematic study is presented for centrality, transverse momentum (p(T)), and pseudorapidity (eta) dependence of the inclusive charged hadron elliptic flow (v(2)) at midrapidity (vertical bar eta vertical bar < 1.0) in Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27, and 39 GeV. The results obtained with different methods, including correlations with the event plane reconstructed in a region separated by a large pseudorapidity gap and four-particle cumulants (v(2){4}), are presented to investigate nonflow correlations and v(2) fluctuations. We observe that the difference between v(2){2} and v(2){4} is smaller at the lower collision energies. Values of v(2), scaled by the initial coordinate space eccentricity, v(2)/epsilon, as a function of p(T) are larger in more central collisions, suggesting stronger collective flow develops in more central collisions, similar to the results at higher collision energies. These results are compared to measurements at higher energies at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (root s(NN) = 62.4 and 200 GeV) and at the Large Hadron Collider (Pb + Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV). The v(2)(pT) values for fixed pT rise with increasing collision energy within the pT range studied (<2 GeV/c). A comparison to viscous hydrodynamic simulations is made to potentially help understand the energy dependence of v(2)(pT). We also compare the v(2) results to UrQMD and AMPT transport model calculations, and physics implications on the dominance of partonic versus hadronic phases in the system created at beam energy scan energies are discussed. C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Przybycien, M.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Krakow, Poland. [Gliske, S.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Nelson, J. M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Burton, T. P.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; Didenko, L.; Dion, A.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fazio, S.; Fisyak, Y.; Guryn, W.; Huang, B.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Mitrovski, M. K.; Ogawa, A.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Schmidke, B.; Smirnov, D.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Brovko, S. G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Ding, F.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Kesich, A.; Mall, O. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.; Sangaline, E.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cendejas, R.; Dunkelberger, L. E.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Pan, Y. X.; Shah, N.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Jr, C. Whitten; Xu, W.; Zhao, F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Derradi de Souza, R.; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, J. Y.; Chen, L.; Huck, P.; Ke, H. W.; Li, Z. M.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y. F.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J. B.] Cent China Normal Univ HZNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Betts, R. R.; Evdokimov, O.; Hofman, D. J.; Kauder, K.; Pei, H.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Chwastowski, J.; Luszczak, A.] Cracow Univ Technol, Krakow, Poland. [Cherney, M.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige; McShane, T. S.; Ross, J. F.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Hajkova, O.; Pachr, M.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Barnovska, Z.; Bielcikova, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Chung, P.; Kapitan, J.; Rusnak, J.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Rez 25068, Czech Republic. [Kollegger, T.; Schuster, T. R.; Stock, R.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. [Jena, C.; Mahapatra, D. P.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Pujahari, P. R.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Dhamija, S.; Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Skoby, M. J.; Stevens, J. R.; Vossen, A.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Koroleva, L.; Morozov, B.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Agakishiev, G.; Alakhverdyants, A. V.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Kizka, V.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Alford, J.; Anderson, B. D.; Bouchet, J.; Joseph, J.; Keane, D.; Kumar, L.; Margetis, S.; Pandit, Y.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.; Zhang, W. M.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Fatemi, R.; Fersch, R. G.; Korsch, W.; Webb, G.; Witzke, W.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Du, C. M.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Dong, X.; Eun, L.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Kiryluk, J.; Kisel, I.; Klein, S. R.; Kulakov, I.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Naglis, M.; Odyniec, G.; Olson, D.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Powell, C. B.; Qiu, H.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Schmah, A. M.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.; Zyzak, M.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balewski, J.; Betancourt, M. J.; Corliss, R.; Hays-Wehle, J. P.; Leight, W.; Redwine, R.; Seele, J.; Steadman, S. G.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Surrow, B.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Novak, J.; Tarnowsky, T.; Wang, H.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Okorokov, V.; Strikhanov, M.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Mohanty, B.] Natl Inst Sci & Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Anson, C. D.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bueltmann, S.; Koralt, I.; Plyku, D.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Pawlik, B.; Turnau, J.] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, Krakow, Poland. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Pruthi, N. K.; Sharma, B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Nogach, L. V.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Hirsch, A.; Kikola, D. P.; Konzer, J.; Li, X.; Mustafa, M. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.; Yi, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I-K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Solanki, D.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Butterworth, J.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Xin, K.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Lima, L. M.; Munhoz, M. G.; Oliveira, R. A. N.; deSouza, U. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; Szanto de Toledo, A.] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Cui, X.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Li, X.; Xu, Q. H.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Chen, J. H.; Han, L-X.; Li, W.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shou, Q. Y.; Tian, J.; Xue, L.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, Y. H.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Borowski, W.; Kabana, S.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Cervantes, M. C.; Chang, Z.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Djawotho, P.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Huo, L.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mohammed, Y.; Mondal, M. M.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Leyva, A. Davila; Hoffmann, G. W.; Li, L.; Markert, C.; Oldag, E. W.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; De Silva, L. C.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Drachenberg, J. L.; Gibson, A.; Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Banerjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Nasim, Md; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Sahoo, N. R.; Singaraju, R. N.; Tribedy, P.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Kisiel, A.; Ostrowski, P.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Sandacz, A.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Putschke, J.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Ohlson, A.; Riley, C. K.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Adamczyk, L (reprint author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Krakow, Poland. RI Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Xu, Wenqin/H-7553-2014; XIAO, Zhigang/C-3788-2015; Aparecido Negrao de Oliveira, Renato/G-9133-2015; Bruna, Elena/C-4939-2014; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Xin, Kefeng/O-9195-2016; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Dong, Xin/G-1799-2014; Rusnak, Jan/G-8462-2014; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Xue, Liang/F-8077-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013 OI Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Mohanty, Bedangadas/0000-0001-9610-2914; Bhasin, Anju/0000-0002-3687-8179; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Xu, Wenqin/0000-0002-5976-4991; Bruna, Elena/0000-0001-5427-1461; Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Xin, Kefeng/0000-0003-4853-9219; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Dong, Xin/0000-0001-9083-5906; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Xue, Liang/0000-0002-2321-9019; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943 FU RHIC Operations Group; RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; Open Science Grid consortium; Offices of NP and HEP within the US DOE Office of Science; US NSF; Sloan Foundation; CNRS/IN2P3; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; GA; MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM; NWO of the Netherlands; DAE; DST; CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education, and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the US DOE Office of Science, the US NSF, the Sloan Foundation; CNRS/IN2P3; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China; GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM and NWO of the Netherlands; DAE, DST, and CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education, and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; and RosAtom of Russia. NR 67 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 3 U2 34 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 5 AR 054908 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.86.054908 PG 16 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037YC UT WOS:000311141400004 ER PT J AU Hicks, SF Boehringer, JC Boukharouba, N Fransen, C Lesher, SR Mueller, JM Vanhoy, JR Yates, SW AF Hicks, S. F. Boehringer, J. C. Boukharouba, N. Fransen, C. Lesher, S. R. Mueller, J. M. Vanhoy, J. R. Yates, S. W. TI Collective and two-quasiparticle excitations in Te-128 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-DATA SHEETS; INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; INTERACTING BOSON MODEL; DOUBLE-BETA-DECAY; DOPPLER-SHIFT ATTENUATION; EVEN TELLURIUM ISOTOPES; MIXED-SYMMETRY STATES; TE ISOTOPES; VIBRATIONAL NUCLEI; INTRUDER STATES AB Excited levels of Te-128 to 3.3 in MeV excitation have been studied using gamma-ray spectroscopy following inelastic scattering of accelerator-produced neutrons. Spectroscopic information, including transition energies, level spins, E2/M1 multipole-mixing ratios, and gamma-ray branching ratios, was determined from gamma-ray excitation functions measured from E-n = 2.15-3.33 MeV in 90-keV increments, gamma-ray angular distributions measured at E-n = 2.2, 2.8, and 3.3 MeV, and gamma gamma coincidences measured at E-n = 3.6 MeV. Lifetimes of levels in Te-128 were deduced using Doppler-shift attenuation techniques. Absolute transition probabilities were determined for many levels and compared to interacting boson model and particle-core coupling model calculations to identify few particle and collective structures; states exhibiting the decay characteristics expected for two-phonon, mixed-symmetry, and quadrupole-octupole coupled states are identified. C1 [Hicks, S. F.; Boehringer, J. C.] Univ Dallas, Dept Phys, Irving, TX 75062 USA. [Boukharouba, N.; Fransen, C.; Lesher, S. R.; Yates, S. W.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Boukharouba, N.] Univ Guelma, Dept Phys, Guelma 24000, Algeria. [Fransen, C.] Univ Cologne, Inst Kernphys, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Lesher, S. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA. [Mueller, J. M.; Vanhoy, J. R.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Yates, S. W.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Hicks, SF (reprint author), Univ Dallas, Dept Phys, Irving, TX 75062 USA. EM hicks@udallas.edu FU National Science Foundation [PHY-9901508, PHY-9971711, PHY-0098813, PHY-0956310] FX This material is based on work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants No. PHY-9901508, No. PHY-9971711, No. PHY-0098813, and No. PHY-0956310. Additionally, we would like to thank the O'Hara Foundation at the University of Dallas for summer support for students. The authors would also like to express their sincere appreciation to Professor Emeritus Marcus T. McEllistrem, Professor Emeritus John Wood, and Professor Jan Jolie for fruitful discussions during the analysis and manuscript preparation and to accelerator engineer Harvey Baber for sharing his expertise and time to help us complete this project. NR 82 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 5 AR 054308 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.86.054308 PG 21 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 037YC UT WOS:000311141400002 ER PT J AU Schuster, BE Roszell, LE Murr, LE Ramirez, DA Demaree, JD Klotz, BR Rosencrance, AB Dennis, WE Bao, W Perkins, EJ Dillman, JF Bannon, DI AF Schuster, B. E. Roszell, L. E. Murr, L. E. Ramirez, D. A. Demaree, J. D. Klotz, B. R. Rosencrance, A. B. Dennis, W. E. Bao, W. Perkins, E. J. Dillman, J. F. Bannon, D. I. TI In vivo corrosion, tumor outcome, and microarray gene expression for two types of muscle-implanted tungsten alloys SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tungsten alloy; Nickel; Cobalt; Rhabdomyosarcoma; Microarray; MDM2 ID OXIDATIVE DNA-DAMAGE; NICKEL SUBSULFIDE; AMPLIFICATION; CELLS; MDM2; INDUCTION; SARCOMAS; RATS; CDK4; CARCINOGENESIS AB Tungsten alloys are composed of tungsten microparticles embedded in a solid matrix of transition metals such as nickel, cobalt, or iron. To understand the toxicology of these alloys, male F344 rats were intramuscularly implanted with pellets of tungsten/nickel/cobalt, tungsten/nickel/iron, or pure tungsten, with tantalum pellets as a negative control. Between 6 and 12 months, aggressive rhabdomyosarcomas formed around tungsten/nickel/cobalt pellets, while those of tungsten/nickel/iron or pure tungsten did not cause cancers. Electron microscopy showed a progressive corrosion of the matrix phase of tungsten/nickel/cobalt pellets over 6 months, accompanied by high urinary concentrations of nickel and cobalt. In contrast, non-carcinogenic tungsten/nickel/iron pellets were minimally corroded and urinary metals were low; these pellets having developed a surface oxide layer in vivo that may have restricted the mobilization of carcinogenic nickel. Microarray analysis of tumors revealed large changes in gene expression compared with normal muscle, with biological processes involving the cell cycle significantly up-regulated and those involved with muscle development and differentiation significantly down-regulated. Top KEGG pathways disrupted were adherens junction, p53 signaling, and the cell cycle. Chromosomal enrichment analysis of genes showed a highly significant impact at cytoband 7q22 (chromosome 7) which included mouse double minute (MDM2) and cyclin-dependant kinase (CDK4) as well as other genes associated with human sarcomas. In conclusion, the tumorigenic potential of implanted tungsten alloys is related to mobilization of carcinogenic metals nickel and cobalt from corroding pellets, while gene expression changes in the consequent tumors are similar to radiation induced animal sarcomas as well as sporadic human sarcomas. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Roszell, L. E.; Bannon, D. I.] USN, Inst Publ Hlth, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Schuster, B. E.; Demaree, J. D.] USN, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Murr, L. E.; Ramirez, D. A.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Met & Mat Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Klotz, B. R.] Dynamic Sci Inc, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Rosencrance, A. B.; Dennis, W. E.] USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Dept Chem, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Bao, W.] SAS Inst Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. [Perkins, E. J.] USN, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Dillman, J. F.] USN, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Bannon, DI (reprint author), USN, Inst Publ Hlth, Bldg E2100, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM desmond.bannon@us.army.mil OI Murr, Lawrence/0000-0001-5942-8376 FU U.S. Army Public Health Command; Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD FX This work was funded by the U.S. Army Public Health Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD (formerly U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine). Grateful thanks to Pat Beall, Terry Hanna, Bob Sunderland and technical support staff at AIPH. We thank Dr. William Eck for technical review of the manuscript, and Dr. Mark Johnson and COL Chris Hanson for helpful comments. Microarray work carried out by C.S. Phillips at MRICD. NR 49 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 21 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 265 IS 1 BP 128 EP 138 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2012.08.025 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 037WD UT WOS:000311136300014 PM 22982072 ER PT J AU Crum-Cianflone, NF Moore, DJ Hale, B Agan, BK Letendre, S AF Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. Moore, David J. Hale, Braden Agan, Brian K. Letendre, Scott TI The Evaluation and Diagnosis of "Insomnia" in Relation to Sleep Disturbance Prevalence and Impact in Early-Treated HIV-Infected Persons Reply SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID QUALITY INDEX C1 [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, HIV Clin, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Hale, Braden; Agan, Brian K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Hale, Braden] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Moore, David J.; Letendre, Scott] Univ Calif San Diego, HIV Neurobehav Res Program, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Crum-Cianflone, NF (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, HIV Clin, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM nancy.crum@med.navy.mil NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 55 IS 10 BP 1430 EP U216 DI 10.1093/cid/cis702 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 027SV UT WOS:000310374600028 ER PT J AU Economou, SE AF Economou, Sophia E. TI QUANTUM PHYSICS Putting a spin on photon entanglement SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material ID ATOM C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Economou, SE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM sophia.economou@nrl.navy.mil NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 19 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 491 IS 7424 BP 343 EP 344 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 036MY UT WOS:000311031600028 PM 23151575 ER PT J AU Martin, M Dash, P Ignatov, A Banzon, V Beggs, H Brasnett, B Cayula, JF Cummings, J Donlon, C Gentemann, C Grumbine, R Ishizaki, S Maturi, E Reynolds, RW Roberts-Jones, J AF Martin, Matthew Dash, Prasanjit Ignatov, Alexander Banzon, Viva Beggs, Helen Brasnett, Bruce Cayula, Jean-Francois Cummings, James Donlon, Craig Gentemann, Chelle Grumbine, Robert Ishizaki, Shiro Maturi, Eileen Reynolds, Richard W. Roberts-Jones, Jonah TI Group for High Resolution Sea Surface temperature (GHRSST) analysis fields inter-comparisons. Part 1: A GHRSST multi-product ensemble (GMPE) SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Sea surface temperature; Intercomparison; Ensemble ID NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION; OCEAN DATA ASSIMILATION; PILOT PROJECT; SYSTEM; ICE AB Many sea surface temperature (SST) gap-free gridded analysis (Level 4, or L4) fields are produced by various groups in different countries. The Group for High Resolution SST (GHRSST) is an international collaboration body which has formed the inter-comparison technical advisory group (IC-TAG), to advise SST producers and users on the relative performance of these SST fields. This two-part paper describes two of the three major systems developed under GHRSST coordination towards this goal. Part one (this paper) describes the GHRSST Multi-Product Ensemble (GMPE) system, which runs on a daily basis at the UK Met Office, taking various L4 analyses as inputs, transferring them onto a common grid, and producing an ensemble median and standard deviation. The various analysis systems contributing to the GHRSST inter-comparisons are discussed, highlighting areas of commonality between the systems as well as those parts of the systems where there is less agreement on the appropriate algorithmic or parametric choices. The characteristics of the contributing L4 analyses are demonstrated by comparing them to near-surface Argo profile temperature data, which provide an independent measurement of SST and have been shown to provide a good estimate of foundation SST (the SST free of diurnal warming). The feature resolution characteristics of the L4 analyses are demonstrated by calculating horizontal gradients of the SST fields (on their original grid). The accuracy and resolution of the GMPE median are compared with those of the input analyses using the same metrics, showing that the GMPE median is more accurate than any of the contributing analyses with a standard deviation error of 0.40 K globally with respect to near-surface Argo data. For use in climate applications such as trend analysis or assimilation into climate models, it is important to have a good measure of uncertainty, so the suitability of the GMPE standard deviation as a measure of uncertainty is explored. This assessment shows that, over large spatial and temporal scales, the spread in the ensemble does have a strong relationship with the error in the median, although it underestimates the error by about one third. Crown Copyright (c) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Martin, Matthew; Roberts-Jones, Jonah] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Dash, Prasanjit; Ignatov, Alexander; Maturi, Eileen] Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res STAR, NOAA NESDIS, Camp Springs, MD USA. [Dash, Prasanjit] CIRA, CSU, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Banzon, Viva] NCDC, NOAA NESDIS, Asheville, NC USA. [Beggs, Helen] CAWCR, Bur Meteorol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Brasnett, Bruce] EC CMC, Dorval, PQ, Canada. [Cayula, Jean-Francois] QinetiQ N Amer, Technol Solut Grp, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Cummings, James] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Donlon, Craig] ESA ESTEC, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Grumbine, Robert] NOAA NCEP, Camp Springs, MD USA. [Ishizaki, Shiro] JMA, Tokyo, Japan. [Reynolds, Richard W.] NOAA CICS, Asheville, NC USA. RP Martin, M (reprint author), Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. EM matthew.martin@metoffice.gov.uk RI Maturi, Eileen/F-5611-2010; Dash, Prasanjit/F-5582-2010; Banzon, Viva/D-5499-2014; Ignatov, Alexander/F-5594-2010 OI Ignatov, Alexander/0000-0002-7463-5944 FU European Community's Seventh Framework Program FP7 [218812]; Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation (JCSDA) Science and Development Implementation (JSDI) program FX The authors would like to thank John Stark who initially designed and implemented the GMPE system. More recently, the research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Program FP7/2007-2013 under Grant agreement no. 218812 (My Ocean). A. Ignatov and P. Dash acknowledge the support from the Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation (JCSDA) Science and Development Implementation (JSDI) program. NR 30 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0967-0645 EI 1879-0100 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 77-80 SI SI BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2012.04.013 PG 10 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 006TS UT WOS:000308842500003 ER PT J AU Dash, P Ignatov, A Martin, M Donlon, C Brasnett, B Reynolds, RW Banzon, V Beggs, H Cayula, JF Chao, Y Grumbine, R Maturi, E Harris, A Mittaz, J Sapper, J Chin, TM Vazquez-Cuervo, J Armstrong, EM Gentemann, C Cummings, J Piolle, JF Autret, E Roberts-Jones, J Ishizaki, S Hoyer, JL Poulter, D AF Dash, Prasanjit Ignatov, Alexander Martin, Matthew Donlon, Craig Brasnett, Bruce Reynolds, Richard W. Banzon, Viva Beggs, Helen Cayula, Jean-Francois Chao, Yi Grumbine, Robert Maturi, Eileen Harris, Andy Mittaz, Jonathan Sapper, John Chin, Toshio M. Vazquez-Cuervo, Jorge Armstrong, Edward M. Gentemann, Chelle Cummings, James Piolle, Jean-Francois Autret, Emmanuelle Roberts-Jones, Jonah Ishizaki, Shiro Hoyer, Jacob L. Poulter, Dave TI Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) analysis fields inter-comparisons-Part 2: Near real time web-based level 4 SST Quality Monitor (L4-SQUAM) SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Sea surface temperature; Intercomparison; Climate data; Sea ice; Data centers ID OCEAN DATA ASSIMILATION; SATELLITE RETRIEVALS; MATCHUP DATABASE; PILOT PROJECT; AATSR; ALGORITHMS AB There are a growing number of level 4 (L4; gap-free gridded) sea surface temperature (SST) products generated by blending SST data from various sources which are available for use in a wide variety of operational and scientific applications. In most cases, each product has been developed for a specific user community with specific requirements guiding the design of the product. Consequently differences between products are implicit. In addition, anomalous atmospheric conditions, satellite operations and production anomalies may occur which can introduce additional differences. This paper describes a new web-based system called the L4 SST Quality Monitor (L4-SQUAM) developed to monitor the quality of L4 SST products. L4-SQUAM intercompares thirteen L4 products with 1-day latency in an operational environment serving the needs of both L4 SST product users and producers. Relative differences between products are computed and visualized using maps, histograms, time series plots and Hovmoller diagrams, for all combinations of products. In addition, products are compared to quality controlled in situ SST data (available from the in situ SST Quality Monitor, iQUAM, companion system) in a consistent manner. A full history of products statistics is retained in L4-SQUAM for time series analysis. L4-SQUAM complements the two other Group for High Resolution SST (GHRSST) tools, the GHRSST Multi Product Ensemble (GMPE) and the High Resolution Diagnostic Data Set (HRDDS) systems, documented in part 1 of this paper and elsewhere, respectively. Our results reveal significant differences between SST products in coastal and open ocean areas. Differences of > 2 degrees C are often observed at high latitudes partly due to different treatment of the sea-ice transition zone. Thus when an ice flag is available, the intercomparisons are performed in two ways: including and excluding ice-flagged grid points. Such differences are significant and call for a community effort to understand their root cause and ensure consistency between SST products. Future work focuses on including the remaining daily L4 SST products, accommodating for newer L4 SSTs which resolve the diurnal variability and evaluating retrospectively regenerated L4 SSTs to support satellite data reprocessing efforts aimed at generating improved SST Climate Data Records. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Dash, Prasanjit; Ignatov, Alexander; Maturi, Eileen; Harris, Andy; Mittaz, Jonathan] Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res STAR, NOAA NESDIS, Camp Springs, MD USA. [Dash, Prasanjit] Colorado State Univ, CIRA, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Martin, Matthew; Roberts-Jones, Jonah] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Donlon, Craig] ESA ESTEC, Earth Observat Miss Sci Div, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Brasnett, Bruce] Canadian Meteorol Ctr, Dorval, PQ, Canada. [Reynolds, Richard W.] Inst Climate & Satellites CICS, NOAA Cooperat, Asheville, NC USA. [Banzon, Viva] NCDC, NOAA, Asheville, NC USA. [Beggs, Helen] Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Bur Meteorol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Cayula, Jean-Francois] QinctiQ N Amer, Technol Solut Grp, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39522 USA. [Chao, Yi] Remote Sensing Solut Inc, Pasadena, CA USA. [Grumbine, Robert] NOAA NWS NCEP, Camp Springs, MD USA. [Harris, Andy; Mittaz, Jonathan] Univ Maryland, CICS, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Sapper, John] OSPO, NOAA NESDIS, Camp Springs, MD USA. [Chin, Toshio M.; Vazquez-Cuervo, Jorge; Armstrong, Edward M.] JPL Caltech, Pasadena, CA USA. [Cummings, James] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Piolle, Jean-Francois; Autret, Emmanuelle] CERSAT, IFREMER, Spatial Oceanog Lab, Brest, France. [Ishizaki, Shiro] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Tokyo, Japan. [Hoyer, Jacob L.] Danish Meteorol Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Poulter, Dave] Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England. RP Dash, P (reprint author), Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res STAR, NOAA NESDIS, Camp Springs, MD USA. EM prasanjit.dash@noaa.gov; alex.ignatov@noaa.gov; matthew.martin@metoffice.gov.uk; craig.donlon@esa.int; bruce.brasnett@ec.gc.ca; richard.w.reynolds@noaa.gov; viva.banzon@noaa.gov; h.beggs@bom.gov.au; jean-francois.cayula@QinetiQ-NA.com; ychao@remotesensingsolutions.com; robert.grumbine@noaa.gov; eileen.maturi@noaa.gov; andy.harris@noaa.gov; jon.mittaz@noaa.gov; john.sapper@noaa.gov; mike.chin@jpl.nasa.gov; jorge.vazquez@jpl.nasa.gov; edward.armstrong@jpl.nasa.gov; gentemann@remss.com; cummings@nrlmry.navy.mil; jean.francois.piolle@ifremer.fr; emmanuelle.autret@ifremer.fr; jonah.roberts-jones@metoffice.gov.uk; s_ishizaki@met.kishou.go.jp; jlh@dmi.dk RI Maturi, Eileen/F-5611-2010; Dash, Prasanjit/F-5582-2010; Banzon, Viva/D-5499-2014; Ignatov, Alexander/F-5594-2010 OI Ignatov, Alexander/0000-0002-7463-5944 FU Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation (JCSDA) Science and Development Implementation (JSDI) program FX This work was supported by the Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation (JCSDA) Science and Development Implementation (JSDI) program. We thank Feng Xu (formerly at NESDIS/CIRA) for setting up the iQUAM system and many NESDIS SST colleagues for helpful discussions. E. Armstrong, M. Chin and J. Vazquez acknowledge that the research was carried out, in part, by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NAVO K10 product was provided courtesy of D. May and B. McKenzie (NAVO). We thank the two anonymous reviewers for their careful reviews and many helpful suggestions which improved this article. The views, opinions and findings contained in this report are those of the authors and should not be construed as an official NOAA or US Government position, policy or decision. NR 39 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0967-0645 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 77-80 SI SI BP 31 EP 43 DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2012.04.002 PG 13 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 006TS UT WOS:000308842500004 ER PT J AU Ponzio, TA Fields, RL Rashid, OM Salinas, YD Lubelski, D Gainer, H AF Ponzio, Todd A. Fields, Raymond L. Rashid, Omar M. Salinas, Yasmmyn D. Lubelski, Daniel Gainer, Harold TI Cell-Type Specific Expression of the Vasopressin Gene Analyzed by AAV Mediated Gene Delivery of Promoter Deletion Constructs into the Rat SON In Vivo SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HYPOTHALAMO-NEUROHYPOPHYSEAL SYSTEM; MESSENGER RIBONUCLEIC-ACIDS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MAGNOCELLULAR NEURONS; ADENOASSOCIATED VIRUS; ARGININE-VASOPRESSIN; SUPRAOPTIC NUCLEUS; HYPOTHALAMONEUROHYPOPHYSEAL SYSTEM; BOVINE VASOPRESSIN; OXYTOCIN GENES AB The magnocellular neurons (MCNs) in the supraoptic nucleus ( SON) of the hypothalamus selectively express either oxytocin (Oxt) or vasopressin (Avp) neuropeptide genes. In this paper we examine the cis-regulatory domains in the Avp gene promoter that are responsible for its cell-type specific expression. AAV vectors that contain various Avp gene promoter deletion constructs using EGFP as the reporter were stereotaxically injected into the rat SON. Two weeks following the injection immunohistochemical assays of EGFP expression from these constructs were done to determine whether the expressed EGFP reporter co-localizes with either the Oxt- or Avp-immunoreactivity in the MCNs. The results identify three major enhancer domains located at -2.0 to -1.5 kbp, -1.5 to -950 bp, and -950 to -543 bp in the Avp gene promoter that regulate the expression in Avp MCNs. The results also show that cell-type specific expression in Avp MCNs is maintained in constructs containing at least 288 bp of the promoter region upstream of the transcription start site, but this specificity is lost at 116 bp and below. Based on these data, we hypothesize that the -288 bp to -116 bp domain contains an Avp MCN specific activator and a possible repressor that inhibits expression in Oxt- MCNs, thereby leading to the cell-type specific expression of the Avp gene only in the Avp-MCNs. RP Ponzio, TA (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Off Technol Transfer, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM gainerh@ninds.nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 61 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 14 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e48860 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0048860 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 038CD UT WOS:000311151900052 PM 23155418 ER PT J AU Lee, CS Chen, BF Elsberry, RL AF Lee, Cheng-Shang Chen, Buo-Fu Elsberry, Russell L. TI Long-lasting convective systems in the outer region of tropical cyclones in the western North Pacific SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ICE-SCATTERING SIGNATURE; VERTICAL WIND SHEAR; WARM POOL; LIGHTNING CHARACTERISTICS; HURRICANE EYEWALLS; DIURNAL-VARIATION; CLOUD CLUSTERS; RAINFALL; MONSOON; REFLECTIVITY AB Long-lasting mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) may occur in the outer region of tropical cyclones in the western North Pacific, especially in conjunction with the southwest monsoon as in the case of Typhoon Morakot that caused great flooding and landslides in Taiwan. These "outer-MCSs" are linear convective systems that develop from distant rainbands, have a large cold cloud shield, and last more than six hours. These outer-MCSs are important for typhoon rainfall forecasting because of the torrential rainfall when they interact with land and terrain to produce serious flooding that is separate from the rainfall near the center. A total of 109 outer-MCSs that occurred during 1999-2009 are identified using infrared and passive microwave images. About 22% of all typhoons in the western North Pacific have at least one outer-MCS during their life cycle. In 85% of the QuikSCAT oceanic 10-m wind observations of outer-MCSs, positive shear vorticity on the left side of mesoscale surface jets below the stratiform precipitation regions may be contributing to the continuous formation of new convective cells. Citation: Lee, C.-S., B.-F. Chen, and R. L. Elsberry (2012), Long-lasting convective systems in the outer region of tropical cyclones in the western North Pacific, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L21812, doi:10.1029/2012GL053685. C1 [Elsberry, Russell L.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Lee, Cheng-Shang; Chen, Buo-Fu] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Lee, Cheng-Shang] Taiwan Typhoon & Flood Res Inst, Natl Appl Res Labs, Taipei, Taiwan. RP Elsberry, RL (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, 589 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM elsberry@nps.edu OI Lee, Cheng-Shang/0000-0003-4553-4172 FU National Taiwan University; Taiwan Typhoon Flood Research Institute; Office of Naval Research Marine Meteorology section; National Science Council of the Republic of China (Taiwan) [NSC 98-2625-M-002-002, NSC 99-2625-M-002-013-MY3] FX Cheng-Shang Lee is supported by the National Taiwan University and the Taiwan Typhoon Flood Research Institute, Buo-Fu Chen is supported by the National Taiwan University, and Russell Elsberry is supported by the Office of Naval Research Marine Meteorology section. Penny Jones provided excellent manuscript preparation support. This research is supported by the National Science Council of the Republic of China (Taiwan) under grants NSC 98-2625-M-002-002 and NSC 99-2625-M-002-013-MY3. NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD NOV 14 PY 2012 VL 39 AR L21812 DI 10.1029/2012GL053685 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 038ZU UT WOS:000311213400003 ER PT J AU Bernstein, N Johannes, MD Hoang, K AF Bernstein, N. Johannes, M. D. Khang Hoang TI Origin of the Structural Phase Transition in Li7La3Zr2O12 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS; AL AB Garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12 is a solid electrolyte material for Li-ion battery applications with a low-conductivity tetragonal and a high-conductivity cubic phase. Using density-functional theory and variable cell shape molecular dynamics simulations, we show that the tetragonal phase stability is dependent on a simultaneous ordering of the Li ions on the Li sublattice and a volume-preserving tetragonal distortion that relieves internal structural strain. Supervalent doping introduces vacancies into the Li sublattice, increasing the overall entropy and reducing the free energy gain from ordering, eventually stabilizing the cubic phase. We show that the critical temperature for cubic phase stability is lowered as Li vacancy concentration (dopant level) is raised and that an activated hop of Li ions from one crystallographic site to another always accompanies the transition. By identifying the relevant mechanism and critical concentrations for achieving the high conductivity phase, this work shows how targeted synthesis could be used to improve electrolytic performance. C1 [Bernstein, N.; Johannes, M. D.; Khang Hoang] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Khang Hoang] George Mason Univ, Computat Mat Sci Ctr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Bernstein, N (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Hoang, Khang/C-2879-2008 OI Hoang, Khang/0000-0003-1889-0745 FU Naval Research Laboratory core 6.1 research program; Nanoscience Institute FX This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory core 6.1 research program and the Nanoscience Institute. Computer time was provided through the DOD HPCMPO at the ERDC and AFRL MSRCs. NR 16 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 9 U2 162 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 13 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 20 AR 205702 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.205702 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 035YZ UT WOS:000310991700019 PM 23215508 ER PT J AU Dressick, WJ Wahl, KJ Bassim, ND Stroud, RM Petrovykh, DY AF Dressick, Walter J. Wahl, Kathryn J. Bassim, Nabil D. Stroud, Rhonda M. Petrovykh, Dmitri Y. TI Divalent-Anion Salt Effects in Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Depositions SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT SALTS; CATIONIC POLYELECTROLYTES; COUNTERION CONDENSATION; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; IONIC-STRENGTH; POLYMER-FILMS; HYBRID FILMS; COMPLEXES; GROWTH AB We systematically investigate the effects of divalent anions on the assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayers by fabricating polystyrene sulfonate (PSS)/polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) multilayer films from aqueous solutions containing SO42-, HPO42-, or organic dicarboxylate dianions. The chosen concentrations of these anions (i.e., <= 0.05 M) allow us to isolate their effects on the assembly process from those of the polyelectrolyte solubility or solution ionic strength (maintained constant at mu = 1.00 M by added NaCl). Compared to a control film prepared from solutions containing only Cl- anions, stratified multilayers deposited in the presence of dianions exhibit increased UV absorbance, thickness, and roughness. From the dependence of film properties on the solution concentration of SO42- and number of polyelectrolyte layers deposited, we derive a generic model for the PSS/PAH multilayer formation that involves adsorption of PAH aggregates formed in solution via electrostatic interactions of PAH with bridging dianions. Experiments using HPO42- and organic dicarboxylate species of varying structure indicate that the separation, rigidity, and angle between the discrete negatively charged sites in the dianion govern the formation of the PAH aggregates, and therefore also the properties of the multilayer film. A universal linear relationship between film UV absorbance and thickness is observed among all dianion types or concentrations, consistent with the model. C1 [Dressick, Walter J.] USN, Res Lab, Div BioMol Sci & Engn Code 6910, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wahl, Kathryn J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem Code 6176, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bassim, Nabil D.; Stroud, Rhonda M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol Code 6366, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Petrovykh, Dmitri Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Dressick, WJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div BioMol Sci & Engn Code 6910, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM walter.dressick@nrl.navy.mil; dmitri.petrovykh@inl.int RI Petrovykh, Dmitri/A-3432-2008; Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008; OI Petrovykh, Dmitri/0000-0001-9089-4076; Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015; Wahl, Kathryn/0000-0001-8163-6964 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory's Nanoscience Institute Core 6.1 Research program FX We gratefully acknowledge financial support for this research from the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory's Nanoscience Institute Core 6.1 Research program. NR 79 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 59 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD NOV 13 PY 2012 VL 28 IS 45 BP 15831 EP 15843 DI 10.1021/la3033176 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 038RH UT WOS:000311191300011 PM 23106264 ER PT J AU Kandeel, AM Talaat, M Afifi, SA El-Sayed, NM Fadeel, MAA Hajjeh, RA Mahoney, FJ AF Kandeel, Amr M. Talaat, Maha Afifi, Salma A. El-Sayed, Nasr M. Fadeel, Moustafa A. Abdel Hajjeh, Rana A. Mahoney, Frank J. TI Case control study to identify risk factors for acute hepatitis C virus infection in Egypt SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Acute Hepatitis C; Risk factor; Egypt ID TRANSMISSION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE; COLONOSCOPY; CHALLENGES; COMMUNITY; EXPOSURE AB Background: Identification of risk factors of acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Egypt is crucial to develop appropriate prevention strategies. Methods: We conducted a case-control study, June 2007-September 2008, to investigate risk factors for acute HCV infection in Egypt among 86 patients and 287 age and gender matched controls identified in two infectious disease hospitals in Cairo and Alexandria. Case-patients were defined as: any patient with symptoms of acute hepatitis; lab tested positive for HCV antibodies and negative for HBsAg, HBc IgM, HAV IgM; and 7-fold increase in the upper limit of transaminase levels. Controls were selected from patients' visitors with negative viral hepatitis markers. Subjects were interviewed about previous exposures within six months, including community-acquired and health-care associated practices. Results: Case-patients were more likely than controls to have received injection with a reused syringe (OR=23.1, CI 4.7-153), to have been in prison (OR=21.5, CI 2.5-479.6), to have received IV fluids in a hospital (OR=13.8, CI 5.3-37.2), to have been an IV drug user (OR=12.1, CI 4.6-33.1), to have had minimal surgical procedures (OR=9.7, CI 4.2-22.4), to have received IV fluid as an outpatient (OR=8, CI 4-16.2), or to have been admitted to hospital (OR=7.9, CI 4.2-15) within the last 6 months. Multivariate analysis indicated that unsafe health facility practices are the main risk factors associated with transmission of HCV infection in Egypt. Conclusion: In Egypt, focusing acute HCV prevention measures on health-care settings would have a beneficial impact. C1 [Talaat, Maha; Afifi, Salma A.; Fadeel, Moustafa A. Abdel] USN, Med Res Unit NAMRU 3 3, FPO, AE 09835 USA. [Kandeel, Amr M.; El-Sayed, Nasr M.] Minist Hlth & Populat, Prevent & Endem Dis Sect, Cairo, Egypt. [Hajjeh, Rana A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mahoney, Frank J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Jakarta, Indonesia. RP Afifi, SA (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit NAMRU 3 3, PSC 452,Box 5000, FPO, AE 09835 USA. EM salma.afifi.eg@med.navy.mil FU US Agency for International Development (USAID) [80000.000.000.E0022] FX This work was supported by US Agency for International Development (USAID), [Work Unit no. 80000.000.000.E0022]. NR 31 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD NOV 12 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 294 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-12-294 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 048EO UT WOS:000311893200001 PM 23145873 ER PT J AU Shabaev, A Rodina, AV Efros, AL AF Shabaev, A. Rodina, A. V. Efros, Al. L. TI Fine structure of the band-edge excitons and trions in CdSe/CdS core/shell nanocrystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM DOTS; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; BLINKING; LUMINESCENCE; ABSORPTION; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; MICROCRYSTALS; BRIGHT AB We present a theoretical description of excitons and positively and negatively charged trions in "giant" CdSe/CdS core-shell nanocrystals (NCs). The developed theory provides the parameters describing the fine structure of excitons in CdSe/CdS core/thick shell NCs as a function of the CdSe/CdS conduction band offset and the CdSe core radius. We have also developed a general theory describing the fine structure of positively charged trions created in semiconductor NCs with a degenerate valence band. The calculations take into account the complex structure of the CdSe valence band and interparticle Coulomb and exchange interaction. Presented in this paper are the CdSe core size and CdSe/CdS conduction band offset dependencies (i) of the positively charged trion fine structure, (ii) of the binding energy of the negatively charged trion, and (iii) of the radiative decay time for excitons and trions. The results of theoretical calculations are in qualitative agreement with available experimental data. C1 [Shabaev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Rodina, A. V.] RAS, AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. [Efros, Al. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shabaev, A (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. FU Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics (CASP) an Energy Frontier Research Center; Swiss National Science Foundation; Office of Naval Research; Alexander-von-Humboldt Foundation FX The authors thank J. Feldman for the critical reading of the manuscript. A.S. acknowledges support of the Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics (CASP) an Energy Frontier Research Center founded by OBES, OS, and US DOE. A.V.R. is grateful for the financial support received from the Swiss National Science Foundation. A.L.E. acknowledges support of the Office of Naval Research and Alexander-von-Humboldt Foundation. NR 32 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 65 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 12 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 20 AR 205311 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.205311 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 035SU UT WOS:000310969800005 ER PT J AU Oktem, Y Balabanski, DL Akkus, B Susam, LA Atanasova, L Beausang, CW Cakirli, RB Casten, RF Danchev, M Djongolov, M Ganioglu, E Gladnishki, KA Goon, JT Hartley, DJ Hecht, AA Krucken, R Novak, JR Rainovski, G Riedinger, LL Venkova, T Yigitoglu, I Zamfir, NV Zeidan, O AF Oktem, Y. Balabanski, D. L. Akkus, B. Susam, L. Amon Atanasova, L. Beausang, C. W. Cakirli, R. B. Casten, R. F. Danchev, M. Djongolov, M. Ganioglu, E. Gladnishki, K. A. Goon, J. Tm Hartley, D. J. Hecht, A. A. Kruecken, R. Novak, J. R. Rainovski, G. Riedinger, L. L. Venkova, T. Yigitoglu, I. Zamfir, N. V. Zeidan, O. TI Triaxial deformation and nuclear shape transition in Au-192 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SPIN; BAND-STRUCTURES; COEXISTENCE; ROTATION; STATES; EXCITATIONS; ISOTOPES; PROLATE; OBLATE; PT-190 AB Background: Nuclei in the A approximate to 190 mass region show gradual shape changes from prolate through nonaxial deformed shapes and ultimately towards spherical shapes as the Pb region is approached. Exploring how this shape evolution occurs will help us understand the evolution of collectivity in this region. Purpose: The level scheme of the (192)Aunucleus in A approximate to 190 region was studied in order to deduce its deformations. Methods: High-spin states of Au-192 have been populated in the W-186(B-11, 5n) reaction at a beam energy of 68 MeV and their gamma decay was studied using the YRAST Ball detector array at the Wright Nuclear Structure Laboratory (WNSL), Yale University. Results: Based on double and triple gamma-ray coincidence data the level scheme of 192Au has been extended up to I-pi = 32(+) at an excitation energy of similar to 6 MeV. Conclusion: The results are discussed in the framework of pairing and deformation self-consistent total Routhian surface (TRS) and cranked shell model (CSM) calculations. The comparison of the experimental observations with the calculations indicates that this nucleus takes a nonaxial shape similar to other Au nuclei in this region. C1 [Oktem, Y.; Akkus, B.; Susam, L. Amon; Cakirli, R. B.; Ganioglu, E.] Istanbul Univ, Dept Phys, TR-34134 Istanbul, Turkey. [Balabanski, D. L.; Atanasova, L.; Venkova, T.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria. [Beausang, C. W.; Casten, R. F.; Hecht, A. A.; Kruecken, R.; Novak, J. R.; Zamfir, N. V.] Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Beausang, C. W.] Univ Richmond, Dept Phys, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. [Cakirli, R. B.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Danchev, M.; Djongolov, M.; Hartley, D. J.; Riedinger, L. L.; Zeidan, O.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Danchev, M.; Djongolov, M.; Gladnishki, K. A.; Rainovski, G.] Sofia Univ St Kliment Ohridski, Fac Phys, BG-1164 Sofia, Bulgaria. [Goon, J. Tm] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Hartley, D. J.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Hecht, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kruecken, R.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Yigitoglu, I.] Gaziosmanpasa Univ, Fac Sci, Tokat, Turkey. [Zamfir, N. V.] Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania. RP Oktem, Y (reprint author), Istanbul Univ, Dept Phys, TR-34134 Istanbul, Turkey. RI Atanasova, Liliya/A-6506-2009; Gladnishki, Kalin/A-6462-2009; Rainovski, Georgi/A-3450-2008; Kruecken, Reiner/A-1640-2013 OI Rainovski, Georgi/0000-0002-1729-0249; Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042 FU US DOE [DE-FG02-91ER-40609, DE-FG05-96ER40983]; Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Istanbul University [5808]; Turkish Atomic Energy Authority [DPT-04K120100-4, CERN-A5.H2.P1.01-4]; Bulgarian Science Fund [DID-02/16]; Humboldt Foundation FX The Sofia and Istanbul groups thank WNSL for the excellent working conditions. This work is supported by the US DOE under Grants No. DE-FG02-91ER-40609 and No. DE-FG05-96ER40983, by the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Istanbul University under Project No. 5808, by the Turkish Atomic Energy Authority under Projects No. DPT-04K120100-4 and No. CERN-A5.H2.P1.01-4, and by the the Bulgarian Science Fund, Project No. DID-02/16. R. B. C. thanks the Humboldt Foundation for support. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV 12 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 5 AR 054305 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.86.054305 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 035SY UT WOS:000310970300002 ER PT J AU Spence, SE Parks, AD Niemi, DA AF Spence, Scott E. Parks, Allen D. Niemi, David A. TI Methods used to observe a dynamical quantum nonlocality effect in a twin Mach-Zehnder interferometer SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID WEAK VALUES; COMPONENT; SPIN AB Straightforward novel methods for stabilizing, tuning, and controlling a twin Mach-Zehnder interferometer for the purpose of observing a subtle dynamical quantum nonlocality effect in a recent optical experiment are presented and discussed. Weak measurements were required for observing a subtle quantum dynamical nonlocality effect that reveals itself in a change of a weak value. Consequently, emphasis is placed upon describing the approaches to apparatus stabilization and interaction strength control between photons and the apparatus. The details discussed in this paper should be of general interest to experimentalists engaging in weak measurement and weak value research. C1 [Spence, Scott E.; Parks, Allen D.; Niemi, David A.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Electromagnet & Sensor Syst Dept, Dahlgren Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. RP Spence, SE (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Electromagnet & Sensor Syst Dept, Dahlgren Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. EM scott.e.spence@navy.mil FU NSWCDD In-house Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) program FX This work was supported in part by a grant from the NSWCDD In-house Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) program. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD NOV 10 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 32 BP 7853 EP 7857 DI 10.1364/AO.51.007853 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 037EF UT WOS:000311084300018 PM 23142899 ER PT J AU Savani, NP Shiota, D Kusano, K Vourlidas, A Lugaz, N AF Savani, N. P. Shiota, D. Kusano, K. Vourlidas, A. Lugaz, N. TI A STUDY OF THE HELIOCENTRIC DEPENDENCE OF SHOCK STANDOFF DISTANCE AND GEOMETRY USING 2.5D MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS OF CORONAL MASS EJECTION DRIVEN SHOCKS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); solar-terrestrial relations; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: heliosphere ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; SOLAR-WIND; FLUX ROPE; LASCO OBSERVATIONS; TRIGGER MECHANISM; STEREO MISSION; IMAGER SMEI; BOW SHOCKS; 1 AU; EVOLUTION AB We perform four numerical magnetohydrodynamic simulations in 2.5 dimensions ( 2.5D) of fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and their associated shock fronts between 10 Rs and 300 Rs. We investigate the relative change in the shock standoff distance, Delta, as a fraction of the CME radial half-width, D-OB (i.e., Delta/D-OB). Previous hydrodynamic studies have related the shock standoff distance for Earth's magnetosphere to the density compression ratio (DR; rho(u)/rho(d)) measured across the bow shock. The DR coefficient, k(dr), which is the proportionality constant between the relative standoff distance (Delta/D-OB) and the compression ratio, was semi-empirically estimated as 1.1. For CMEs, we show that this value varies linearly as a function of heliocentric distance and changes significantly for different radii of curvature of the CME's leading edge. We find that a value of 0.8 +/- 0.1 is more appropriate for small heliocentric distances (<30 Rs) which corresponds to the spherical geometry of a magnetosphere presented by Seiff. As the CME propagates its cross section becomes more oblate and the k(dr) value increases linearly with heliocentric distance, such that k(dr) = 1.1 is most appropriate at a heliocentric distance of about 80 Rs. For terrestrial distances (215 Rs) we estimate k(dr) = 1.8 +/- 0.3, which also indicates that the CME cross-sectional structure is generally more oblate than that of Earth's magnetosphere. These alterations to the proportionality coefficients may serve to improve investigations into the estimates of the magnetic field in the corona upstream of a CME as well as the aspect ratio of CMEs as measured in situ. C1 [Savani, N. P.] UCAR, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Savani, N. P.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Shiota, D.] RIKEN, Computat Astrophys Lab, Adv Sci Inst, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Kusano, K.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Kusano, K.] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2360001, Japan. [Vourlidas, A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lugaz, N.] Univ New Hampshire, Expt Space Plasma Grp, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Savani, NP (reprint author), UCAR, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM neel.savani02@imperial.ac.uk RI Lugaz, Noe/C-1284-2008; Savani, Neel/G-4066-2014; Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009; OI Lugaz, Noe/0000-0002-1890-6156; Savani, Neel/0000-0002-1916-7877; Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948; Shiota, Daikou/0000-0002-9032-8792 FU NASA Living With a Star Jack Eddy Postdoctoral Fellowship Program; NASA; office of Naval Research; JSPS fellowship at Nagoya University FX N.P.S. was supported by the NASA Living With a Star Jack Eddy Postdoctoral Fellowship Program, administered by the UCAR Visiting Scientist Programs and hosted by the Naval Research Laboratory. N.P.S. and A.V. were supported by NASA and the office of Naval Research. The numerical calculations were made using the supercomputing cluster at the Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University. This work of N.P.S. was in part performed during a JSPS fellowship at Nagoya University. NR 75 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 14 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 2012 VL 759 IS 2 AR 103 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/759/2/103 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 034ZL UT WOS:000310911300026 ER PT J AU Warren, HP Winebarger, AR Brooks, DH AF Warren, Harry P. Winebarger, Amy R. Brooks, David H. TI A SYSTEMATIC SURVEY OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE EMISSION IN SOLAR ACTIVE REGIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona ID ULTRAVIOLET IMAGING SPECTROMETER; TRANSITION-REGION; ATOMIC DATA; X-RAY; FUNDAMENTAL LIMITATIONS; PLASMA TEMPERATURE; HINODE EIS; HOT PLASMA; FE-XVIII; CORONA AB The recent analysis of observations taken with the EUV Imaging Spectrometer and X-Ray Telescope instruments on Hinode suggests that well-constrained measurements of the temperature distribution in solar active regions can finally be made. Such measurements are critical for constraining theories of coronal heating. Past analysis, however, has suffered from limited sample sizes and large uncertainties at temperatures between 5 and 10 MK. Here we present a systematic study of the differential emission measure distribution in 15 active region cores. We focus on measurements in the "inter-moss" region, that is, the region between the loop footpoints, where the observations are easier to interpret. To reduce the uncertainties at the highest temperatures we present a new method for isolating the Fe XVIII emission in the AIA/SDO 94 angstrom channel. The resulting differential emission measure distributions confirm our previous analysis showing that the temperature distribution in an active region core is often strongly peaked near 4 MK. We characterize the properties of the emission distribution as a function of the total unsigned magnetic flux. We find that the amount of high-temperature emission in the active region core is correlated with the total unsigned magnetic flux, while the emission at lower temperatures, in contrast, is inversely related. These results provide compelling evidence that high-temperature active region emission is often close to equilibrium, although weaker active regions may be dominated by evolving million degree loops in the core. C1 [Warren, Harry P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Winebarger, Amy R.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Brooks, David H.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Warren, HP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU NASA FX This research was supported by NASA. Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA, with NAOJ as domestic partner and NASA and STFC (UK) as international partners. It is operated by these agencies in co-operation with ESA and NSC (Norway). H.P.W. benefited greatly from discussions at an International Space Science Institute meeting on coronal heating led by Steve Bradshaw and Helen Mason. NR 51 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 2012 VL 759 IS 2 AR 141 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/759/2/141 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 034ZL UT WOS:000310911300064 ER PT J AU Saenz, JA Taylor, BD Stewart, DS AF Saenz, J. A. Taylor, B. D. Stewart, D. S. TI Asymptotic calculation of the dynamics of self-sustained detonations in condensed phase explosives SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE detonation waves; detonations ID EQUATION-OF-STATE; POROUS ENERGETIC MATERIALS; MULTIDIMENSIONAL DETONATION; SHOCK DYNAMICS; TRANSITION AB We use the weak-curvature, slow-time asymptotics of detonation shock dynamics (DSD) to calculate an intrinsic relation between the normal acceleration, the normal velocity and the curvature of a lead detonation shock for self-sustained detonation waves in condensed phase explosives. The formulation uses the compressible Euler equations for an explosive that is described by a general equation of state with multiple reaction progress variables. The results extend an earlier asymptotic theory for a polytropic equation of state and a single-step reaction rate model discussed by Kasimov (Theory of instability and nonlinear evolution of self-sustained detonation waves. PhD thesis, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois) and by Kasimov & Stewart (Phys. Fluids, vol. 16, 2004, pp. 3566-3578). The asymptotic relation is used to study the dynamics of ignition events in solid explosive PBX-9501 and in porous PETN powders. In the case of porous or powdered explosives, two composition variables are used to represent the extent of exothermic chemical reaction and endothermic compaction. Predictions of the asymptotic formulation are compared against those of alternative DSD calculations and against shock-fitted direct numerical simulations of the reactive Euler equations. C1 [Saenz, J. A.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Taylor, B. D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stewart, D. S.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Saenz, JA (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM juan.saenz@anu.edu.au FU US Air Force Office of Scientific Research Physical Mathematics and Applied Analysis [FA9550-06-1-0044]; US Air Force Research Laboratory Munitions Directorate [FA8651-05-1-0003]; US Department of Energy Computational Science Graduate Fellowship program [DE-FG02-97ER25308]; US AFOSR DURIP [FA9550-06-1-0332] FX J.A.S, B. D. T. and D. S. S. were supported by US Air Force Office of Scientific Research Physical Mathematics and Applied Analysis under grant FA9550-06-1-0044 (Program Manager Dr A. Nachman) and US Air Force Research Laboratory Munitions Directorate under grant FA8651-05-1-0003 (Program Manager Dr D. Lambert). B. T. was also supported by the US Department of Energy Computational Science Graduate Fellowship program under grant DE-FG02-97ER25308. Computations were performed, in part, on the UIUC CSE cluster on equipment purchased through US AFOSR DURIP under grant FA9550-06-1-0332. We thank four anonymous reviewers for comments that helped improve that quality of this paper. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD NOV 10 PY 2012 VL 710 BP 166 EP 194 DI 10.1017/jfm.2012.358 PG 29 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 029AJ UT WOS:000310466900008 ER PT J AU Jarosz, E Teague, WJ Book, JW Besiktepe, ST AF Jarosz, Ewa Teague, William J. Book, Jeffrey W. Besiktepe, Sukru T. TI Observations on the characteristics of the exchange flow in the Dardanelles Strait SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID NORTH AEGEAN SEA; WATER EXCHANGE; MARMARA SEA; CIRCULATION; HYDROGRAPHY; ROTATION; MODEL AB A mooring section at each end of the Dardanelles Strait was deployed by the Naval Research Laboratory on 28-29 August 2008 and maintained until 11 October 2009. Each section was equipped with two bottom-mounted Barny moorings and a vertical string that together delivered concurrent bottom pressure, temperature, salinity, and almost full-water column current velocity observations. These observations at the mooring sections indicated that on longer timescales (monthly or longer), the exchange through the Dardanelles Strait showed little variability and had a two-layer structure with brackish waters moving approximately southward in the upper layer and more saline Aegean waters flowing roughly northward underneath. On shorter time scales (synoptic), there were pronounced fluctuations in both layers. In the northern section, some manifested as almost simultaneous reversals of the flow direction in both layers with lighter upper-layer waters backing into the Sea of Marmara and dense lower-layer waters moving toward the Aegean Sea. In the southern section, some of the exchange variability consisted of a three-layer flow structure with upper brackish and bottom salty layers moving toward the Aegean Sea and a middle salty layer flowing toward the Sea of Marmara. This three-layer exchange persisted from a day to a week. Synoptic flow variability in the upper layer was partly related to both the along-strait wind stress and the bottom pressure anomaly gradient, while lower-layer current fluctuations were coherent with the bottom pressure anomaly gradient. C1 [Jarosz, Ewa; Teague, William J.; Book, Jeffrey W.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Besiktepe, Sukru T.] Dokuz Eylul Univ, Inst Marine Sci & Technol, Izmir, Turkey. RP Jarosz, E (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7332, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM ewa.jarosz@nrlssc.navy.mil RI Besiktepe, Sukru/L-2272-2013 OI Besiktepe, Sukru/0000-0002-9615-4746 FU Office of Naval Research [61153N]; NATO NURC; Turkish Navy Office of Navigation, Hydrography, and Oceanography FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research as a part of the NRL's basic research project "Exchange Processes in Ocean Straits (EPOS)" under Program Element 61153N. We would like to thank everyone from the NATO NURC and the Turkish Navy Office of Navigation, Hydrography, and Oceanography who supported and helped to organize and fund cruises to the TSS on the R/V Alliance. We would like to thank Mark Hulbert, Andy Quaid, Wesley Goode, and Steve Sova, our technicians, for outstanding instrument preparation, mooring deployment, and recovery. We are also thankful and indebted to the crew of the R/V Alliance for helping with our mooring deployment and recovery in very challenging conditions. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD NOV 9 PY 2012 VL 117 AR C11012 DI 10.1029/2012JC008348 PG 18 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 035RT UT WOS:000310966400002 ER PT J AU Moore, DJ Roediger, MJP Eberly, LE Blackstone, K Hale, B Weintrob, A Ganesan, A Agan, BK Letendre, SL Crum-Cianflone, NF AF Moore, David J. Roediger, Mollie J. P. Eberly, Lynn E. Blackstone, Kaitlin Hale, Braden Weintrob, Amy Ganesan, Anuradha Agan, Brian K. Letendre, Scott L. Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. TI Identification of an Abbreviated Test Battery for Detection of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Impairment in an Early-Managed HIV-Infected Cohort SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DEMOGRAPHICALLY CORRECTED NORMS; RAPID SCREENING-TEST; DEMENTIA-SCALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL IMPAIRMENT; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; DISORDERS; DYSFUNCTION; VALIDATION; VALIDITY AB Background: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain prevalent despite improved antiretroviral treatment (ART), and it is essential to have a sensitive and specific HAND screening tool. Methods: Participants were 200 HIV-infected US military beneficiaries, managed early in the course of HIV infection, had few comorbidities, and had open access to ART. Participants completed a comprehensive, seven-domain (16-test), neuropsychological battery (similar to 120 min); neurocognitive impairment (NCI) was determined using a standardized score derived from demographically adjusted T-scores (global deficit score >= 0.5). Restricting the estimated administration time of the screening battery to < = 20 minutes, we examined the sensitivity and specificity of detecting NCI for all possible combinations of 2-, 3-, and 4- tests from the comprehensive battery. Results: Participants were relatively healthy (median CD4 count: 546 cells/mm(3)) with 64% receiving ART. Prevalence of NCI was low (19%). The best 2- test screener included the Stroop Color Test and the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (11 min; sensitivity = 73%; specificity = 83%); the best 3- test screener included the above measures plus the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT; 16 min; sensitivity = 86%; specificity = 75%). The addition of Action Fluency to the above three tests improved specificity (18 min; sensitivity = 86%; specificity = 87%). Conclusions: Combinations of widely accepted neuropsychological tests with brief implementation time demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity compared to a time intensive neuropsychological test battery. Tests of verbal learning, attention/working memory, and processing speed are particularly useful in detecting NCI. Utilizing validated, easy to administer, traditional neuropsychological tests with established normative data may represent an excellent approach to screening for NCI in HIV. Citation: Moore DJ, Roediger MJP, Eberly LE, Blackstone K, Hale B, et al. (2012) Identification of an Abbreviated Test Battery for Detection of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Impairment in an Early-Managed HIV-Infected Cohort. PLoS ONE 7(11): e47310. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0047310 C1 [Moore, David J.; Blackstone, Kaitlin; Letendre, Scott L.] HIV Neurobehav Res Program, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Roediger, Mollie J. P.; Eberly, Lynn E.] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Roediger, Mollie J. P.; Eberly, Lynn E.; Hale, Braden; Weintrob, Amy; Ganesan, Anuradha; Agan, Brian K.; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Hale, Braden; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, HIV Clin, San Diego, CA USA. [Hale, Braden; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Weintrob, Amy] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Weintrob, Amy] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Moore, DJ (reprint author), HIV Neurobehav Res Program, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. EM djmoore@ucsd.edu OI Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 FU Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a Department of Defense (DoD) program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences [IDCRP-016]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Inter-Agency [Y1-AI-5072]; National Institute of Mental Health (UCSD HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center) [P30 MH62512]; NIMH [MH 62512] FX Support for this work (IDCRP-016) was provided by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a Department of Defense (DoD) program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. This project has been funded in whole, or in part, with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Inter-Agency Agreement Y1-AI-5072. Support was also obtained from the National Institute of Mental Health (UCSD HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center, P30 MH62512). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; The HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center (HNRC) is supported by Center award MH 62512 from NIMH. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 8 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e47310 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0047310 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 053KE UT WOS:000312269500007 PM 23144815 ER PT J AU Lomax, JF Fontanella, JJ Edmondson, CA Wintersgill, MC Westgate, MA Eker, S AF Lomax, Joseph F. Fontanella, John J. Edmondson, Charles A. Wintersgill, Mary C. Westgate, Mark A. Eker, Sitki TI Size Effects Observed via the Electrical Response of BaTiO3 Nanoparticles in a Cavity SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID NANOCRYSTALLINE BATIO3; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; PARTICLES AB Barium titanate (BaTiO3) is one of the most widely used electronic materials. The origin of changing structural and electronic behavior between larger and smaller nano particles in BaTiO3 has been extensively investigated. Here, the dielectric loss measured for BaTiO3 or BaZrO3 particles in a cavity at audio frequencies (10-10(5) Hz) and low temperatures (5.5-350 K) is reported. Distinct differences were found between small (50-100 nm diameter/cubic) and large (>200 nm diameter/tetragonal at room temperature) BaTiO3 particles. Isochronal relaxation features observed around 20 K showed differing shape and dynamics (50-100 nm particles: broad peak, E-act approximate to 0.04 eV, log(10)(f(pre)(s)) approximate to 14.7; >200 nm particles: sharp peak, E-act approximate to 0.025 eV and log(10)(f(pre)(s)) approximate to 12, with a shoulder). The low-temperature relaxations are attributed to the motion of off-center titanium ions. In support of this identification, low-temperature relaxations were not observed in BaZrO3 nanoparticles. Finally, structural change features were observed at about 180 and 270 K in the larger BaTiO3 particles (rhombohedral at low temperature) but not in the smaller particles (cubic at all temperatures). The results provide a new set of testable bounds that should contribute to the understanding of nanoparticle-sized BaTiO3, in particular, and ferroelectric behavior in perovskites, in general. C1 [Lomax, Joseph F.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Fontanella, John J.; Edmondson, Charles A.; Wintersgill, Mary C.; Westgate, Mark A.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Eker, Sitki] Ahi Evran Univ, Dept Phys, Kirsehir, Turkey. RP Lomax, JF (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM lomax@usna.edu FU U.S. Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Office of Naval Research. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD NOV 8 PY 2012 VL 116 IS 44 BP 23742 EP 23748 DI 10.1021/jp307218v PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 033CC UT WOS:000310769300067 ER PT J AU Jordan, PM Saccomandi, G AF Jordan, P. M. Saccomandi, G. TI Compact acoustic travelling waves in a class of fluids with nonlinear material dispersion SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE nonlinear acoustics; compact travelling waves; nonlinear dispersion ID EQUATIONS; MODEL; FLOW; SOLIDS; GREEN AB We apply a phenomenological theory of continua put forth by Rubin, Rosenau and Gottlieb in 1995 to an important class of compressible media. Regarding the material characteristic length coefficient, a, not as constant, but instead as a quadratic function of the velocity gradient, we carry out an in-depth analysis of one-dimensional acoustic travelling waves in inviscid, non-thermally conducting fluids. Analytical and numerical methods are employed to study the resulting waveforms, a special case of which exhibits compact support. In particular, a phase plane analysis is performed; simplified approximate/asymptotic expressions are presented; and a weakly nonlinear, KdV-like model that admits compact travelling wave solutions (TWSs), but which is not of the class K(m, n), is derived and analysed. Most significantly, our formulation allows for compact, pulse-type, acoustic waveforms in both gases and liquids. C1 [Jordan, P. M.] USN, Acoust Div, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Saccomandi, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Ingn Ind, I-06125 Perugia, Italy. RP Jordan, PM (reprint author), USN, Acoust Div, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM pjordan@nrlssc.navy.mil RI Saccomandi, Giuseppe/F-8690-2010 OI Saccomandi, Giuseppe/0000-0001-7987-8892 FU ONR FX The authors thank Dr Len G. Margolin for his constructive comments and suggestions, and Dr Josette P. Fabre for her careful proofreading of an earlier version of this article. P.M.J. was supported by ONR funding. G. S. acknowledges GNFM of INdAM and by PRIN 2009 'Matematica e meccanica dei sistemi biologici e dei tessuti molli.' All figures were generated using the software package MATHEMATICA (v. 5.2). NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 10 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-5021 J9 P ROY SOC A-MATH PHY JI Proc. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD NOV 8 PY 2012 VL 468 IS 2147 BP 3441 EP 3457 DI 10.1098/rspa.2012.0321 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 016XA UT WOS:000309551900011 ER PT J AU Colin, SP Costello, JH Dabiri, JO Villanueva, A Blottman, JB Gemmell, BJ Priya, S AF Colin, Sean P. Costello, John H. Dabiri, John O. Villanueva, Alex Blottman, John B. Gemmell, Brad J. Priya, Shashank TI Biomimetic and Live Medusae Reveal the Mechanistic Advantages of a Flexible Bell Margin SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FISH PECTORAL FIN; AERODYNAMIC PERFORMANCE; SWIMMING PERFORMANCE; AURELIA-AURITA; FLOW PATTERNS; INSECT WINGS; WAKE; HYDROMEDUSAE; LOCOMOTION; FLIGHT AB Flexible bell margins are characteristic components of rowing medusan morphologies and are expected to contribute towards their high propulsive efficiency. However, the mechanistic basis of thrust augmentation by flexible propulsors remained unresolved, so the impact of bell margin flexibility on medusan swimming has also remained unresolved. We used biomimetic robotic jellyfish vehicles to elucidate that propulsive thrust enhancement by flexible medusan bell margins relies upon fluid dynamic interactions between entrained flows at the inflexion point of the exumbrella and flows expelled from under the bell. Coalescence of flows from these two regions resulted in enhanced fluid circulation and, therefore, thrust augmentation for flexible margins of both medusan vehicles and living medusae. Using particle image velocimetry (PIV) data we estimated pressure fields to demonstrate a mechanistic basis of enhanced flows associated with the flexible bell margin. Performance of vehicles with flexible margins was further enhanced by vortex interactions that occur during bell expansion. Hydrodynamic and performance similarities between robotic vehicles and live animals demonstrated that the propulsive advantages of flexible margins found in nature can be emulated by human-engineered propulsors. Although medusae are simple animal models for description of this process, these results may contribute towards understanding the performance of flexible margins among other animal lineages. C1 [Colin, Sean P.] Roger Williams Univ, Bristol, RI 02809 USA. [Colin, Sean P.; Costello, John H.; Gemmell, Brad J.] Whitman Ctr, Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MA USA. [Costello, John H.] Providence Coll, Dept Biol, Providence, RI 02918 USA. [Dabiri, John O.] CALTECH, Grad Aeronaut Labs & Bioengn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Villanueva, Alex; Priya, Shashank] Virginia Tech, CEHMS, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Blottman, John B.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI USA. RP Colin, SP (reprint author), Roger Williams Univ, Bristol, RI 02809 USA. EM scolin@rwu.edu FU ONR MURI [N000140810654]; National Science Foundation [OCE 0623508] FX This work was supported by an ONR MURI award to SP (N000140810654) and National Science Foundation grant OCE 0623508 to JHC, SPC, JOD. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 35 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 7 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e48909 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0048909 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 048TK UT WOS:000311935800167 PM 23145016 ER PT J AU Mazin, II Jeschke, HO Foyevtsova, K Valenti, R Khomskii, DI AF Mazin, I. I. Jeschke, Harald O. Foyevtsova, Kateryna Valenti, Roser Khomskii, D. I. TI Na2IrO3 as a Molecular Orbital Crystal SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Contrary to previous studies that classify Na2IrO3 as a realization of the Heisenberg-Kitaev model with a dominant spin-orbit coupling, we show that this system represents a highly unusual case in which the electronic structure is dominated by the formation of quasimolecular orbitals (QMOs), with substantial quenching of the orbital moments. The QMOs consist of six atomic orbitals on an Ir hexagon, but each Ir atom belongs to three different QMOs. The concept of such QMOs in solids invokes very different physics compared to the models considered previously. Employing density functional theory calculations and model considerations we find that both the insulating behavior and the experimentally observed zigzag antiferromagnetism in Na2IrO3 naturally follow from the QMO model. C1 [Mazin, I. I.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Jeschke, Harald O.; Foyevtsova, Kateryna; Valenti, Roser] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Kernphys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Khomskii, D. I.] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 2, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. RP Mazin, II (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6393, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Mazin, Igor/B-6576-2008; Jeschke, Harald/C-3507-2009 OI Jeschke, Harald/0000-0002-8091-7024 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [SFB/TR 49, FOR 1346, SFB 608]; Helmholtz Association [HA216/EMMI] FX I. I. M. acknowledges many stimulating discussions with Radu Coldea and his group, and with Alexey Kolmogorov, and is particularly thankful to Radu Coldea for introducing him to the world of quasihexagonal iridates. H. O. J., R. V., and D. Kh. acknowledge support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through Grants No. SFB/TR 49 and No. FOR 1346 (H. O. J. and R. V.) and No. SFB 608 and No. FOR 1346 (D. Kh.). H. O. J. acknowledges support by the Helmholtz Association via HA216/EMMI. NR 14 TC 79 Z9 80 U1 2 U2 50 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 7 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 19 AR 197201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.197201 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 034ED UT WOS:000310852000024 PM 23215419 ER PT J AU Snow, AW Ancona, MG Park, D AF Snow, Arthur W. Ancona, Mario G. Park, Doewon TI Nanodimensionally Driven Analyte Response Reversal in Gold Nanocluster Chemiresistor Sensing SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS; NANOPARTICLE FILMS; STABILIZED GOLD; METAL; SENSORS; RESISTIVITY; ENSEMBLE; NETWORK; CLUSTER AB The modulation of electron transport through an ensemble of ligand-stabilized gold nanoclusters by the sorption of vapors is made exceptionally sensitive and selective by terminal carboxylic acid functionalization of the alkanethiol ligand. Of further importance, the directionality of the response (conductance increase or decrease) is strongly dependent on the nanoscale dimensions of the gold core and ligand shell thickness. Films of gold nanoclusters composed of a 2 nm metal core with a 0.5 nm -S(CH2)(5)COOH shell are compared to those based on an 8 nm core and a 1.5 nm -S(CF12)(15)COOH shell with the finding of very strong and selective responses to amine vapors but with a reversal of response in the direction of the conductance transduction. This unexpected result cannot be accommodated by known vapor response transduction mechanisms based on a swelling expansion and a dielectric alteration of the ligand shell to modulate conductance in the ensemble. A speculative new mechanism is proposed on the basis of intercluster nanodomains of low and high dielectric character whose domain dimensions are determined by the ligand molecular structure and dielectric character that can range up to that associated with an ionic capacitance if generated by a vapor interaction. C1 [Snow, Arthur W.; Ancona, Mario G.; Park, Doewon] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Snow, AW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX Dr. Hank Wohltjen is very appreciatively acknowledged for helpful discussion and suggestions with respect to the experimental design and the transduction mechanisms. The Office of Naval Research is gratefully acknowledged for financial support. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD NOV 6 PY 2012 VL 28 IS 44 BP 15438 EP 15443 DI 10.1021/la303319j PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 031TD UT WOS:000310664300003 PM 23092180 ER PT J AU Robertson, KL Mostaghim, A Cuomo, CA Soto, CM Lebedev, N Bailey, RF Wang, Z AF Robertson, Kelly L. Mostaghim, Anahita Cuomo, Christina A. Soto, Carissa M. Lebedev, Nikolai Bailey, Robert F. Wang, Zheng TI Adaptation of the Black Yeast Wangiella dermatitidis to Ionizing Radiation: Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; GENE-EXPRESSION; EXOPHIALA DERMATITIDIS; DNA-DAMAGE; PHOTOLYASE/CRYPTOCHROME FAMILY; TRANSCRIPTIONAL RESPONSE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GAMMA-RADIATION; DOWN-REGULATION; BLUE-LIGHT AB Observations of enhanced growth of melanized fungi under low-dose ionizing radiation in the laboratory and in the damaged Chernobyl nuclear reactor suggest they have adapted the ability to survive or even benefit from exposure to ionizing radiation. However, the cellular and molecular mechanism of fungal responses to such radiation remains poorly understood. Using the black yeast Wangiella dermatitidis as a model, we confirmed that ionizing radiation enhanced cell growth by increasing cell division and cell size. Using RNA-seq technology, we compared the transcriptomic profiles of the wild type and the melanin-deficient wdpks1 mutant under irradiation and non-irradiation conditions. It was found that more than 3000 genes were differentially expressed when these two strains were constantly exposed to a low dose of ionizing radiation and that half were regulated at least two fold in either direction. Functional analysis indicated that many genes for amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism and cell cycle progression were down-regulated and that a number of antioxidant genes and genes affecting membrane fluidity were up-regulated in both irradiated strains. However, the expression of ribosomal biogenesis genes was significantly up-regulated in the irradiated wild-type strain but not in the irradiated wdpks1 mutant, implying that melanin might help to contribute radiation energy for protein translation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that long-term exposure to low doses of radiation significantly increased survivability of both the wild-type and the wdpks1 mutant, which was correlated with reduced levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased production of carotenoid and induced expression of genes encoding translesion DNA synthesis. Our results represent the first functional genomic study of how melanized fungal cells respond to low dose ionizing radiation and provide clues for the identification of biological processes, molecular pathways and individual genes regulated by radiation. C1 [Robertson, Kelly L.; Mostaghim, Anahita; Soto, Carissa M.; Lebedev, Nikolai; Wang, Zheng] USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Bailey, Robert F.] USN, Hlth Phys Sect, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Cuomo, Christina A.] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA. [Mostaghim, Anahita] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Wang, Z (reprint author), USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. EM zheng.wang@nrl.navy.mil OI Cuomo, Christina/0000-0002-5778-960X FU Office of Naval Research via U.S. Naval Research Laboratory core funds FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research via U.S. Naval Research Laboratory core funds. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 61 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 38 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 6 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e48674 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0048674 PG 18 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 040IE UT WOS:000311315300051 PM 23139812 ER PT J AU Eckermann, SD Wu, DL AF Eckermann, S. D. Wu, D. L. TI Satellite detection of orographic gravity-wave activity in the winter subtropical stratosphere over Australia and Africa SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOUNTAIN WAVES; RADIANCES; VARIANCES; LIMB AB Orographic gravity-wave (OGW) parameterizations in models produce waves over subtropical mountain ranges in Australia and Africa that propagate into the stratosphere during austral winter and deposit momentum, affecting weather and climate. Satellite sensors have measured stratospheric GWs for over a decade, yet find no evidence of these waves. So are parameterizations failing here? Here we argue that the short wavelengths of subtropical OGWs place them near or below the detection limits of satellite sensors. To test this hypothesis, we reanalyze nine years of stratospheric radiances from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on NASA's Aqua satellite during austral winter, applying new averaging techniques to maximize signal-to-noise and improve thresholds for OGW detection. Deep climatological enhancements in stratospheric OGW variance over specific mountain ranges in Australia and southern Africa are revealed for the first time, which exhibit temporal and vertical variations consistent with predicted OGW responses to varying background winds. Citation: Eckermann, S. D., and D. L. Wu (2012), Satellite detection of orographic gravity-wave activity in the winter subtropical stratosphere over Australia and Africa, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L21807, doi:10.1029/2012GL053791. C1 [Eckermann, S. D.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wu, D. L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Eckermann, SD (reprint author), USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Code 7631,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM stephen.eckermann@nrl.navy.mil FU NASA through the NRA [NNH09ZDA001N-TERRAQUA, NNH11AQ99I] FX This work was partially supported by NASA through the NRA NNH09ZDA001N-TERRAQUA (The Science of Terra and Aqua), grant NNH11AQ99I. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD NOV 6 PY 2012 VL 39 AR L21807 DI 10.1029/2012GL053791 PG 6 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 035QK UT WOS:000310962400005 ER PT J AU Mier-y-Teran-Romero, L Lindley, B Schwartz, IB AF Mier-y-Teran-Romero, Luis Lindley, Brandon Schwartz, Ira B. TI Statistical multimoment bifurcations in random-delay coupled swarms SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SYNCHRONIZATION; DYNAMICS; PATTERNS; MODEL AB We study the effects of discrete, randomly distributed time delays on the dynamics of a coupled system of self-propelling particles. Bifurcation analysis on a mean field approximation of the system reveals that the system possesses patterns with certain universal characteristics that depend on distinguished moments of the time delay distribution. Specifically, we show both theoretically and numerically that although bifurcations of simple patterns, such as translations, change stability only as a function of the first moment of the time delay distribution, more complex patterns arising from Hopf bifurcations depend on all of the moments. C1 [Mier-y-Teran-Romero, Luis; Lindley, Brandon; Schwartz, Ira B.] USN, Res Lab, Nonlinear Syst Dynam Sect, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mier-y-Teran-Romero, Luis] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Mier-y-Teran-Romero, L (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Nonlinear Syst Dynam Sect, Div Plasma Phys, Code 6792, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research; National Institutes of Health; National Research Council FX The authors acknowledge the Office of Naval Research for their support. L. M. R. and B. L. acknowledge financial support from the National Institutes of Health and the National Research Council through postdoctoral fellowships. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD NOV 5 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 5 AR 056202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.86.056202 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 032BV UT WOS:000310687800014 PM 23214852 ER PT J AU Shen, F Wu, ST Feng, XS Wu, CC AF Shen, Fang Wu, S. T. Feng, Xueshang Wu, Chin-Chun TI Acceleration and deceleration of coronal mass ejections during propagation and interaction SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE MAGNETIC CLOUDS; GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION; MHD SIMULATION; AERODYNAMIC DRAG; SOLAR-WIND; EVOLUTION; PLASMA; CME; FIELD; KINEMATICS AB A major challenge to the space weather forecasting community is accurate prediction of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) induced Shock Arrival Time (SAT) at Earth's environment. In order to improve the current accuracy, one of the steps is to understand the physical processes of the acceleration and deceleration of a CME's propagation in the heliosphere. We employ our previous study of a three-dimensional (3D) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation for the evolution of two interacting CMEs in a realistic ambient solar wind during the period 28-31 March 2001 event to illustrate these acceleration and deceleration processes. The forces which caused the acceleration and deceleration are analyzed in detail. The forces which caused the acceleration are the magnetic pressure term of Lorentz force and pressure gradient. On the other hand, the forces which caused the deceleration are aerodynamic drag, the Sun's gravity and the tension of magnetic field. In addition the momentum exchange between the solar wind and the moving CMEs can cause acceleration and deceleration of the CME which are now analyzed. In this specific CME event 28-31 March 2001 we have analyzed those forces which cause acceleration and deceleration of CME with and without interaction with another CME. It shows that there are significant momentum changes between these two interacting CMEs to cause the acceleration and deceleration. C1 [Shen, Fang; Feng, Xueshang] Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Space Sci & Appl Res, SIGMA Weather Grp, State Key Lab Space Weather, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Shen, Fang; Wu, S. T.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Shen, Fang; Wu, S. T.] Univ Alabama, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Wu, Chin-Chun] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shen, F (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Space Sci & Appl Res, SIGMA Weather Grp, State Key Lab Space Weather, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. EM fshen@spaceweather.ac.cn FU National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB825601]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZZD-EW-01-4]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41031066, 41074121, 40890162, 40921063, 41174150, 41274192]; Specialized Research Fund for State Key Laboratories; Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean [201005017]; AFOSR [FA9550-07-1-0468]; NSF [ATM-0754378, AGS-1153323]; NRL 6.1 program; NASA FX This work is jointly supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under grant 2012CB825601, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZZD-EW-01-4), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41031066, 41074121, 40890162, 40921063, 41174150, and 41274192), the Specialized Research Fund for State Key Laboratories and the Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean (201005017). S. T. Wu is supported by AFOSR grant FA9550-07-1-0468, NSF grant ATM-0754378 and AGS-1153323. C.-C. Wu is supported by the NRL 6.1 program. We thank the SOHO/LASCO team for letting us use their data. SOHO is a mission of international collaboration between ESA and NASA. The Wilcox Solar Observatory (WSO) data used in this study were obtained via the Web site http://wso.stanford.edu/synopticl.html for CR 1974. The WSO is currently supported by NASA. NR 48 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD NOV 2 PY 2012 VL 117 AR A11101 DI 10.1029/2012JA017776 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 032AN UT WOS:000310684200002 ER PT J AU Ohta, T Robinson, JT Feibelman, PJ Bostwick, A Rotenberg, E Beechem, TE AF Ohta, Taisuke Robinson, Jeremy T. Feibelman, Peter J. Bostwick, Aaron Rotenberg, Eli Beechem, Thomas E. TI Evidence for Interlayer Coupling and Moire Periodic Potentials in Twisted Bilayer Graphene SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; FEW-LAYER GRAPHENE; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; LARGE-AREA; BASIS-SET; SYSTEMS; GRAPHITE; STATES; FILMS AB We report a study of the valence band dispersion of twisted bilayer graphene using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. We observe two noninteracting cones near the Dirac crossing energy and the emergence of van Hove singularities where the cones overlap for large twist angles (> 5 degrees). Besides the expected interaction between the Dirac cones, minigaps appeared at the Brillouin zone boundaries of the moire superlattice formed by the misorientation of the two graphene layers. We attribute the emergence of these minigaps to a periodic potential induced by the moire. These anticrossing features point to coupling between the two graphene sheets, mediated by moire periodic potentials. C1 [Ohta, Taisuke; Feibelman, Peter J.; Beechem, Thomas E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Robinson, Jeremy T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bostwick, Aaron; Rotenberg, Eli] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ohta, T (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Robinson, Jeremy/F-2748-2010; Bostwick, Aaron/E-8549-2010; Rotenberg, Eli/B-3700-2009 OI Rotenberg, Eli/0000-0002-3979-8844 FU U.S. DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Division of Materials Science and Engineering; Sandia LDRD; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; U.S. DOE, BES [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Naval Research; NRL's NanoScience Institute FX We are grateful to N. Bartelt, G. L. Kellogg, S. K. Lyo, and D. C. Tsui for fruitful discussions and R. Guild Copeland and Anthony McDonald for sample preparation and characterization. J. T. R. is grateful for experimental assistance from F. Keith Perkins on sample growth. The work at SNL was supported by the U.S. DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Division of Materials Science and Engineering, and by Sandia LDRD. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. Work was performed at Advanced Light Source, LBNL, supported by the U.S. DOE, BES under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The work at NRL was funded by the Office of Naval Research and NRL's NanoScience Institute. NR 57 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 5 U2 119 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 2 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 18 AR 186807 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.186807 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 031AT UT WOS:000310612000030 PM 23215315 ER PT J AU Kane, JD Steinbach, TJ Sturdivant, RX Burks, RE AF Kane, Julie D. Steinbach, Thomas J. Sturdivant, Rodney X. Burks, Robert E. TI Sex-Associated Effects on Hematologic and Serum Chemistry Analytes in Sand Rats (Psammomys obesus) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; DISK DEGENERATION; DIABETES-MELLITUS; SPONDYLOSIS; PARAMETERS; RODENTS; JORDAN; LIGHT; MODEL AB We sought to determine whether sex had a significant effect on the hematologic and serum chemistry analytes in adult sand rats (Psammomys obesus) maintained under normal laboratory conditions. According to the few data available for this species, we hypothesized that levels of hematologic and serum chemistry analytes would not differ significantly between clinically normal male and female sand rats. Data analysis revealed several significant differences in hematologic parameters between male and female sand rats but none for serum biochemistry analytes. The following hematologic parameters were greater in male than in female sand rats: RBC count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, red cell hemoglobin content, and percentage monocytes. Red cell distribution width, hemoglobin distribution width, mean platelet volume, and percentage lymphocytes were greater in female than in male sand rats. The sex of adult sand rats is a source of variation that must be considered in terms of clinical and research data. The data presented here likely will prove useful in the veterinary medical management of sand rat colonies and provide baseline hematologic and serum chemistry analyte information for researchers wishing to use this species. C1 [Kane, Julie D.; Steinbach, Thomas J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Vet Serv Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Sturdivant, Rodney X.] US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Burks, Robert E.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA USA. RP Kane, JD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Vet Serv Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM julie.d.kane@us.army.mil NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 51 IS 6 BP 769 EP 774 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 098PL UT WOS:000315561100002 PM 23294882 ER PT J AU El-Mohammady, H Mansour, A Shaheen, HI Henien, NH Motawea, MS Rafaat, I Moustafa, M Adib-Messih, I Sebeny, PJ Young, SYN Klena, JD AF El-Mohammady, Hanan Mansour, Adel Shaheen, Hind Ibrahim Henien, Nagwa Hanna Motawea, Mohamed Salah Rafaat, Ismail Moustafa, Manal Adib-Messih, Ibrahim Sebeny, Peter J. Young, Sylvia Y. N. Klena, John D. TI Increase in the detection rate of viral and parasitic enteric pathogens among Egyptian children with acute diarrhea SO JOURNAL OF INFECTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES LA English DT Article DE enteric viruses; enteric parasites; ELISA; Egyptian children; acute diarrhea ID ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM; CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; YOUNG-CHILDREN; GASTROENTERITIS; ROTAVIRUS; VIRUSES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTIONS AB Introduction: Acute diarrhea continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children from developing countries. Determination of the frequency of diarrhea in an area, along with the proportion of disease caused by specific enteric agents of different origins, is considered the first step in controlling diarrheal diseases. Methodology: From 2005 to 2007, a hospital-based surveillance was conducted in two locations in Egypt to determine the causes of acute diarrhea in children younger than 5-years seeking treatment. Five additional enteric viral and parasitic pathogens were tested using commercially-available enzyme immunoassays (EIA) to re-evaluate the prevalence of diarrheal pathogens in undiagnosed cases. Results: Adenovirus, astrovirus, norovirus and G. lamblia were detected as the sole pathogen in 2% (n=34), 3% (n=56), 9% (n=191) and 7% (n=146) of the cases, respectively. E. histolytica was never detected as the sole pathogen. The percentage of diarrheal cases with a known cause increased significantly, from 48% (n=1,006) to 74% (n=1,568) (P<0.0001). Conclusion: In our study, the incorporation of immunoassays yielded useful data in identifying pathogens in previously pathogen-negative diarrhea cases. C1 [El-Mohammady, Hanan; Mansour, Adel; Shaheen, Hind Ibrahim; Motawea, Mohamed Salah; Rafaat, Ismail; Moustafa, Manal; Adib-Messih, Ibrahim; Sebeny, Peter J.; Young, Sylvia Y. N.; Klena, John D.] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Henien, Nagwa Hanna] Egyptian Minist Hlth, Cairo, Egypt. RP El-Mohammady, H (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. EM hanan.elmohammady.eg@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU AFHSC/Div of GEIS Ops Work unit [Unit 847705.82000.256B-E0018]; DOD [NAMRU3.2000.0002] FX The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the United States Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the United States Government. Work was funded by AFHSC/Div of GEIS Ops Work unit # Unit 847705.82000.256B-E0018. This study, DOD # NAMRU3.2000.0002 (IRB Protocol No. 096), titled: "Hospital-Based Surveillance for Enteric Pathogens Associated with Severe Diarrhea in Egyptian Children" was approved by the U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3 Institutional Review Board in compliance with all applicable Federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects. Informed consents were obtained from parents or legal guardians of minors. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU J INFECTION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES PI TRAMANIGLIO PA JIDC CENT OFF PORTO CONTE RICERCHE RES CTR, S P 55, PORTO CONTE CAPO CACCIA KM 8.400 LOC, TRAMANIGLIO, 07041, ITALY SN 1972-2680 J9 J INFECT DEV COUNTR JI J. Infect. Dev. Ctries. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 6 IS 11 BP 774 EP 781 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 092IU UT WOS:000315114800003 PM 23277502 ER PT J AU Lee, JN Simi, CG AF Lee, John N. Simi, Christopher G. TI Hyperspectral Imaging Systems SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Lee, John N.] USN, Res Lab, Appl Opt Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Simi, Christopher G.] US Dept Def, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. RP Lee, JN (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Appl Opt Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.lee@nrl.navy.mil; photonfive@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 51 IS 11 AR 111701 DI 10.1117/1.OE.51.11.111701 PG 1 WC Optics SC Optics GA 083KJ UT WOS:000314462100002 ER PT J AU Schaum, AP Daniel, BJ AF Schaum, Alan P. Daniel, Brian J. TI Continuum fusion methods of spectral detection SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE spectral; continuum fusion; detection; subspace; outlier; clairvoyant; parameters AB The continuum fusion (CF) methodology produces new classes of multivariate detection algorithms, some of which have been used in spectral applications. CF principles apply to model-based problems in which not all parameter values are known, a common circumstance in hyperspectral operations. We reviewed the principal theoretical and applied CF results devised to date, summarized recent experimental results, and discussed in detail an important class of algorithms that illustrate the design freedom CF affords. Finally, we reviewed the fundamental CF principles as applied to a new category of model parameters only recently considered, involving a distinction in the form of a constraint that is not recognized by older methods. (C) 2012 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.OE.51.11.111718] C1 [Schaum, Alan P.; Daniel, Brian J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Schaum, AP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM schaum@nrl.navy.mil NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 51 IS 11 AR 111718 DI 10.1117/1.OE.51.11.111718 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA 083KJ UT WOS:000314462100019 ER PT J AU Finkel, P Amin, A Lofland, S Yao, JJ Viehland, D AF Finkel, Peter Amin, Ahmed Lofland, Sam Yao, Jaojin Viehland, Dwight TI Phase switching at low field and large sustainable strain output in domain engineered ferroic crystals SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE domains; ferroelectrics; piezoelectricity ID FERROELECTRIC PMN-32-PERCENT-PT CRYSTALS; ELECTRIC-FIELD; STATE SHIFTS; STRESS AB Fundamental shortcomings of ferroelectrics (FEs) are low induced strain and high electric field often required for practical application in actuation, sensors, and acoustics. Although domain engineered FE single crystals deliver an order of magnitude improvement, fatigue remains another drawback in achieving reliable multiple domain switching crucial for memory storage. We demonstrate that under specially compressive stresses FE relaxors exhibit low field induced reversible and sustainable strain associated with FE-FE phase switching and unusual and unexpected lack of fatigue after several millions cycles is believed due to strain accommodation occurring in ferroics. Polarized light microscopy and X-ray diffraction are in a very good agreement with macroscopic observation and phenomenological model confirming proposed transformational path. The phenomena presented in this work are envisioned to be universal in domain engineered ferroics enabling mechanical stress to be used for strain and polarization control of electromechanical energy conversion. (C) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Finkel, Peter; Amin, Ahmed] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr NUWC, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Lofland, Sam] Rowan Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Glassboro, NJ 08028 USA. [Yao, Jaojin; Viehland, Dwight] Virginia Tech, Dept Mat Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Finkel, P (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr NUWC, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM peter.finkel@navy.mil OI Lofland, Samuel/0000-0002-1024-5103 NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 29 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6300 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI A JI Phys. Status Solidi A-Appl. Mat. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 209 IS 11 BP 2108 EP 2113 DI 10.1002/pssa.201228314 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 073FV UT WOS:000313729800002 ER PT J AU Wu, PK Biffinger, JC Fitzgerald, LA Ringeisen, BR AF Wu, Peter K. Biffinger, Justin C. Fitzgerald, Lisa A. Ringeisen, Bradley R. TI A low power DC/DC booster circuit designed for microbial fuel cells SO PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Microbial fuel cells; Stacking; Shewanella oneidensis MR-1; DC/DC booster circuit ID ELECTRICITY; HYDROGEN AB A DC/DC booster circuit was fabricated and tested for use with microbial fuel cells (MFCs) to increase the typical operational voltage (100-300 mV) to a maximum power of >3V. In steady state, the low power DC/DC voltage booster circuit was sustainable, i.e., powered by the MFCs alone, but required an external power source to start (but not needed to maintain) the oscillator. The operating principle and function of each part of the circuit is described. A procedure for determining the optimal set of values for each component in the circuit was established. The performance of the circuit was demonstrated using three Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 based MFCs connected in parallel. The power consumption of the booster circuit was less than 20 mu W, which was less than the output from the three MFCs. After the output capacitor was charged to 5 V. the booster circuit can be powered by the MFCs alone. Under normal operation, the MFCs were able to power the booster circuit and a light emitting diode. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wu, Peter K.] So Oregon Univ, Dept Phys, Ashland, OR 97520 USA. [Biffinger, Justin C.; Fitzgerald, Lisa A.; Ringeisen, Bradley R.] USN, Res Lab, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wu, PK (reprint author), So Oregon Univ, Dept Phys, 1250 Siskiyou Blvd, Ashland, OR 97520 USA. EM wu@sou.edu FU Office of Naval Research (NRL) [62123N] FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research (NRL 6.2 Program Element Number 62123N). NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1359-5113 J9 PROCESS BIOCHEM JI Process Biochem. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 47 IS 11 BP 1620 EP 1626 DI 10.1016/j.procbio.2011.06.003 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Chemical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering GA 076CZ UT WOS:000313935400015 ER PT J AU Xu, YL Zhang, W Liu, WX Ferrese, F AF Xu, Yinliang Zhang, Wei Liu, Wenxin Ferrese, Frank TI Multiagent-Based Reinforcement Learning for Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART C-APPLICATIONS AND REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE Average consensus; distributed optimization; multiagent system; Q-learning; reactive power dispatch ID SYSTEM; ALGORITHM; NEUROCONTROL; FLOW AB This paper proposes a fully distributed multiagent-based reinforcement learning method for optimal reactive power dispatch. According to the method, two agents communicate with each other only if their corresponding buses are electrically coupled. The global rewards that are required for learning are obtained with a consensus-based global information discovery algorithm, which has been demonstrated to be efficient and reliable. Based on the discovered global rewards, a distributed Q-learning algorithm is implemented to minimize the active power loss while satisfying operational constraints. The proposed method does not require accurate system model and can learn from scratch. Simulation studies with power systems of different sizes show that the method is very computationally efficient and able to provide near-optimal solutions. It can be observed that prior knowledge can significantly speed up the learning process and decrease the occurrences of undesirable disturbances. The proposed method has good potential for online implementation. C1 [Xu, Yinliang; Zhang, Wei; Liu, Wenxin] New Mexico State Univ, Klipsch Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Ferrese, Frank] USN, Carderock Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA. RP Xu, YL (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Klipsch Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM danielxu@nmsu.edu; wzhang@nmsu.edu; wliu@nmsu.edu; frank.ferrese@navy.mil FU U.S. National Science Foundation [ECCS 1125776] FX Manuscript received November 30, 2011; revised March 24, 2012 and August 2, 2012; accepted August 24, 2012. Date of current version December 17, 2012. This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant ECCS 1125776. This paper was recommended by Associate Editor B. Chaib-Draa. NR 35 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1094-6977 EI 1558-2442 J9 IEEE T SYST MAN CY C JI IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part C-Appl. Rev. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1742 EP 1751 DI 10.1109/TSMCC.2012.2218596 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA 061YE UT WOS:000312885400051 ER PT J AU Splinter, KD Palmsten, ML AF Splinter, Kristen D. Palmsten, Margaret L. TI Modeling dune response to an East Coast Low SO MARINE GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dune erosion; sediment transport; extreme events; numerical modeling ID EROSION; BEACH; PREDICTION; MOVEMENT; STORMS; IMPACT; SAND AB Coastal dunes can act as a method of soft coastal protection against inundation and direct impact of waves during storms if they are substantially large enough in volume to withstand erosion without breaching. However, the time evolution of sand dunes under direct wave impact is not well understood and many available models require site specific calibration and have had limited verification at field scales. Here we test three models of varying complexity in their ability to predict both dry beach erosion volumes and dune to a retreat for an East Coast Low storm event that occurred on the Gold Coast, Australia. The process-based model, XBeach, which models the entire profile was able to reproduce both dune toe retreat and dry beach volume, however, was sensitive to calibration parameters. The two parametric models that only modeled erosion above the initial dune toe position were capable of accurately predicting dune toe retreat, however, under-estimated dry beach erosion volumes. With no calibration, the parametric model proposed by Palmsten and Holman (2012) produced the smallest errors of dune toe retreat with mean error in final dune position of 6.6 m, or 18% of the total measured dune retreat. With minimal calibration estimated absolute error in average dune toe retreat was less than 13% of observed retreat for all three models. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Splinter, Kristen D.] Univ New S Wales, Water Res Lab, Manly Vale, NSW 2093, Australia. [Splinter, Kristen D.] Griffith Univ, Griffith Ctr Coastal Management, Southport, Qld 4216, Australia. [Palmsten, Margaret L.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Splinter, KD (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Water Res Lab, 110 King St, Manly Vale, NSW 2093, Australia. EM k.splinter@unsw.edu.au OI Splinter, Kristen/0000-0002-0082-8444 FU Griffith University; Queensland Smart State; Future Coastlines projects FX This work was funded under the Future Coastlines projects in partnership with Griffith University and Queensland Smart State. Beach profiles and wave data were provided by Gold Coast City Council and DERM. Water levels were provided by Maritime Safety Queensland. The authors wish to thank K.T. Holland and I. L. Turner and the two reviewers for their comments in improving this paper. NR 31 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0025-3227 J9 MAR GEOL JI Mar. Geol. PD NOV 1 PY 2012 VL 329 BP 46 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2012.09.005 PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA 056QN UT WOS:000312506300005 ER PT J AU Johnson, JS Kotora, JG Bechtel, BF AF Johnson, Jamie S. Kotora, Joseph G. Bechtel, Brett F. TI Superior vena cava syndrome masquerading as an allergic reaction SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ETIOLOGY AB Patients are often referred to the emergency department for further evaluation, yet the astute physician will maintain a broad differential to avoid anchoring on prior diagnoses. In this case, a 56-year-old man was referred to our emergency department from the radiology suite secondary to concerns for an "allergic reaction" to prior magnetic resonance imaging contrast. Upon presentation, he was noted to have facial swelling with ruddy appearance and vascular congestion extending to the midchest region; no airway compromise or dyspnea was noted. He had a smoking history and recent diagnosis of brain mass, which, combined with his current appearance, was concerning for superior vena cava syndrome. A chest x-ray that demonstrated right mediastinal mass was ordered, and a computed tomographic scan confirmed compression of the superior vena cava. A brief discussion on the history, etiologies, presentation, and evaluation of superior vena cava syndrome is discussed. C1 [Johnson, Jamie S.; Kotora, Joseph G.; Bechtel, Brett F.] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Johnson, JS (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM jamie.s.johnson@med.navy.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0735-6757 J9 AM J EMERG MED JI Am. J. Emerg. Med. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 30 IS 9 AR 2100.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajem.2012.02.006 PG 3 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 049QD UT WOS:000311997600115 PM 22463972 ER PT J AU Al-Khudhairy, D Axhausen, K Bishop, S Herrmann, H Hu, B Kroger, W Lewis, T MacIntosh, J Nowak, A Pickl, S Stauffacher, D Tan, E AF Al-Khudhairy, D. Axhausen, K. Bishop, S. Herrmann, H. Hu, B. Kroeger, W. Lewis, T. MacIntosh, J. Nowak, A. Pickl, S. Stauffacher, D. Tan, E. TI Towards integrative risk management and more resilient societies SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS LA English DT Article ID NETWORKS; DYNAMICS AB Society depends decisively on the availability of infrastructure systems such as energy, telecommunication, transportation, banking and finance, health care and governmental and public administration. Even selective damages of one of these infrastructures may result in disruptions of governmental, industrial or public functions. Vulnerability of infrastructures therefore provides spectacular leverage for natural disasters as well as criminal and terrorist actions. Threats and risks are part of the technological, economical, and societal development. This article focuses on the development and characterization of an integrative risk-management which, from the perspective of "resilient systems", can be seen as an innovative and pro-active crisis management approach dealing with the increasing amount of complexity in societies in a comprehensive, agile and adaptive way. C1 [Al-Khudhairy, D.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Global Secur & Crisis Management Unit, Inst Protect & Secur Citizen, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. [Axhausen, K.] ETH, Inst Verkehrsplanung Transportsyst, Zurich, Switzerland. [Bishop, S.] UCL, Dept Math, London, England. [Herrmann, H.] ETH, Inst Baustoffe, Zurich, Switzerland. [Hu, B.] Univ Bundeswehr Munchen, Fakult Betriebswirtschaft, Munich, Germany. [Kroeger, W.] ETH, Risk Ctr, Zurich, Switzerland. [Lewis, T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [MacIntosh, J.] UCL, Inst Secur & Resilience Studies, London, England. [Nowak, A.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Psychol, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. [Pickl, S.] Univ Bundeswehr Munchen, Fak Informat, Inst Theoret Informat Math & Operat Res, Munich, Germany. [Stauffacher, D.] ICT4Peace Fdn, Geneva, Switzerland. [Tan, E.] RPO, Natl Secur Coordinat Ctr, RAHS Solut Ctr, Singapore, Singapore. RP Al-Khudhairy, D (reprint author), Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Global Secur & Crisis Management Unit, Inst Protect & Secur Citizen, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. EM stefan.pickl@unibw.de FU European Union [284709] FX The publication of this work was partially supported by the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 284709, a Coordination and Support Action in the Information and Communication Technologies activity area ('FuturICT' FET Flagship Pilot Project). NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 26 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1951-6355 J9 EUR PHYS J-SPEC TOP JI Eur. Phys. J.-Spec. Top. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 214 IS 1 BP 571 EP 595 DI 10.1140/epjst/e2012-01706-0 PG 25 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 053CH UT WOS:000312246900023 ER PT J AU Fricker, RD AF Fricker, Ronald D., Jr. TI The First Rothkopf Rankings of Nonacademic Organizations SO INTERFACES LA English DT Editorial Material DE professional; comments on ID INFORMS PRACTICE LITERATURE; INTERFACES RANKING; UNIVERSITIES CONTRIBUTIONS; CONTRIBUTE AB This paper presents the first rankings of nonacademic organizations according to their contributions to the INFORMS practice literature. Two rankings are given, each based on a different metric: visibility is the number of authors who list an organization as their primary affiliation; yield is the equivalent number of INFORMS practice papers attributable to each organization based on author primary affiliation. For the visibility rankings, IBM comes in first place, followed by Hewlett-Packard in second, the US Government in third, and General Electric in fourth place. These are followed by Sasol, Procter & Gamble, and Merrill Lynch. For the yield rankings, the US Government comes in first place, followed by General Electric and IBM tied for second, and Hewlett-Packard in fourth place. They are followed by Intel in fifth, Procter & Gamble in sixth, and Merrill Lynch in seventh place. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Fricker, RD (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM rdfricker@nps.edu NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU INFORMS PI HANOVER PA 7240 PARKWAY DR, STE 310, HANOVER, MD 21076-1344 USA SN 0092-2102 J9 INTERFACES JI Interfaces PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 42 IS 6 BP 585 EP 590 DI 10.1287/inte.1120.0649 PG 6 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 055NJ UT WOS:000312423400006 ER PT J AU Charvat, GL Kempel, LC Rothwell, EJ Coleman, CM Mokole, EL AF Charvat, Gregory L. Kempel, Leo C. Rothwell, Edward J. Coleman, Christopher M. Mokole, Eric L. TI A Through-Dielectric Ultrawideband (UWB) Switched-Antenna-Array Radar Imaging System SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE Synthetic aperture radar; real time systems; dielectric slab; radar imaging; ultrawideband radar AB A through-dielectric switched-antenna-array radar imaging system is shown that produces near real-time imagery of targets on the opposite side of a lossy dielectric slab. This system operates at S-band, provides a frame rate of 0.5 Hz, and operates at a stand-off range of 6 m or greater. The antenna array synthesizes 44 effective phase centers in a linear array providing lambda/2 element-to-element spacing by time division multi-plexing the radar's transmit and receive ports between 8 receive elements and 13 transmit elements, producing 2D (range vs. cross-range) imagery of what is behind a slab. Laboratory measurements agree with simulations, the air-slab interface is range gated out of the image, and target scenes consisting of cylinders and soda cans are imaged through the slab. A 2D model of a slab, a cylinder, and phase centers shows that blurring due to the slab and bistatic phase centers on the array is negligible when the radar sensor is located at stand-off ranges of 6 m or greater. C1 [Charvat, Gregory L.; Kempel, Leo C.; Rothwell, Edward J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Coleman, Christopher M.] Integr Applicat Inc, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. [Mokole, Eric L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Charvat, GL (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM charvatg@gmail.com; kempel@egr.msu.edu; roth-well@egr.msu.edu; ccoleman@integrity-apps.com; eric.mokole@nrl.navy.mil OI Kempel, Leo/0000-0002-8888-6197 FU Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research, ONR; Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare & Combating Terrorism Department FX Manuscript received July 11, 2011; revised February 15, 2012, May 29, 2012; accepted June 18, 2012. Date of publication July 10, 2012; date of current version October 26, 2012. This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory with funding from the Office of Naval Research, ONR Code 30, the Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare & Combating Terrorism Department. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 60 IS 11 BP 5495 EP 5500 DI 10.1109/TAP.2012.2207663 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 050CQ UT WOS:000312030600065 ER PT J AU Tavakoli, HR DeMaio, M Wingert, NC Rieg, TS Cohn, JA Balmer, RP Dillard, MA AF Tavakoli, Hamid R. DeMaio, Marlene Wingert, Nathaniel C. Rieg, Thomas S. Cohn, Julie A. Balmer, Russell P. Dillard, Marie A. TI Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Bleeding Risks in Major Orthopedic Procedures SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; KNEE ARTHROPLASTY; TOTAL HIP; ANTIDEPRESSANTS; POPULATION; COMPLICATIONS; PRESCRIPTION; ASSOCIATION AB Background: Risk of abnormal bleeding in surgery patients prescribed serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) is unclear. Considering the quantity of literature on abnormal gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding with SRIs, relatively little exists on SRI bleeding risks in surgical procedures. We investigated whether SRIs increase the risk of surgical bleeding in patients undergoing knee and hip total joint replacement. Methods: RA retrospective case-control study was conducted among subjects undergoing primary total hip and knee replacement surgeries from January 2005 to March 2011 at a single institution. The experimental group was defined by utilization of SRIs at the time of surgery (the independent variable). The control group was matched for age, sex, ethnicity, and type of surgery (hip or knee). Any case with preoperative hematocrit <30, platelets <100,000; abnormal prothrombin time, partial-prothrombin time, and international normalized ratio (INR), primary bleeding disorder, medical conditions, or medications associated with increased bleeding was excluded. All cases were randomly selected. Results: RA total of 194 subjects (hip 104, knee 90) were included. Statistical analysis was performed on the SRI group (n = 71) and the control, non-SRI group (n = 123). No difference was found between the groups in estimated blood loss, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets, PT, PTT, and INR from preoperative to postoperative day I, 2, and 3. Furthermore, no subjects in either group required blood transfusions. Conclusion: SRIs were not associated with increased risk of bleeding in primary knee or hip replacement surgeries in this study. The hypothesis that SRIs increase the risk of bleeding based on presumptions about their action on platelet aggregation is uncertain and warrants further study. (Psychosomatics 2012; 53:559-565) C1 [Tavakoli, Hamid R.; DeMaio, Marlene; Rieg, Thomas S.; Cohn, Julie A.; Dillard, Marie A.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Psychiat, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Tavakoli, Hamid R.; DeMaio, Marlene; Rieg, Thomas S.; Cohn, Julie A.; Dillard, Marie A.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Orthoped, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Wingert, Nathaniel C.] Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped, Danville, PA 17822 USA. [Balmer, Russell P.] Naval Hosp Camp Lejeune, Dept Psychiat, Camp Lejeune, NC USA. RP Tavakoli, HR (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Psychiat, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM hamid.avakoli@med.navy.mil NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 53 IS 6 BP 559 EP 565 PG 7 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 049KC UT WOS:000311980900007 PM 23157994 ER PT J AU Shumaker, PR Kwan, JM Badiavas, EV Waibel, J Davis, S Uebelhoer, NS AF Shumaker, Peter R. Kwan, Julia M. Badiavas, Evangelos V. Waibel, Jill Davis, Stephen Uebelhoer, Nathan S. TI Rapid Healing of Scar-Associated Chronic Wounds After Ablative Fractional Resurfacing SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE LASER; PHOTODAMAGED HUMAN SKIN; BURN SCAR; CO2-LASER; CONTRACTURE; IMPROVEMENT; LAXITY; DEVICE AB Background: Skin compromised by traumatic scars and contractures can manifest decreased resistance to shearing and other forces, while increased tension and skin fragility contribute to chronic erosions and ulcerations. Chronic wounds possess inflammatory mediator profiles and other characteristics, such as the presence of biofilms, that can inhibit healing. Observations: Three patients with multiple traumatic scars related to blast injuries initiated a course of ablative fractional laser therapy for potential mitigation of contractures, poor pliability, and textural irregularity. Patients also had chronic focal erosions or ulcerations despite professional wound care. All patients experienced incidental rapid healing of their chronic wounds within 2 weeks of their initial ablative fractional laser treatment. Healing was sustained throughout the treatment course and beyond and was associated with gradual enhancements in scar pliability, texture, durability, and range of motion. Conclusions: The unique pattern of injury associated with ablative fractional laser treatment may have various potential wound-healing advantages. These advantages include the novel concept of photomicrodebridement, including biofilm disruption and the stimulation of de novo growth factor secretion and collagen remodeling. If confirmed, ablative fractional resurfacing could be a potent new addition to traditional wound and scar treatment paradigms. Arch Dermatol. 2012;148(11):1289-1293 C1 [Shumaker, Peter R.; Kwan, Julia M.; Uebelhoer, Nathan S.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Badiavas, Evangelos V.; Waibel, Jill; Davis, Stephen] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Cutaneous Surg & Dermatol, Miami, FL 33136 USA. RP Shumaker, PR (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 34520 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 300, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM peter.shumaker@med.navy.mil FU Sciton; ASDS; Lumenis FX Dr Waibel has been employed by Palm Beach Aesthesis Dermatology, Miami Dermatology and Laser Institute, and Dermatology Institute of Southwest Ohio; has consulted for Medicis and Lumenis; has received honoraria from Sciton, Lumenis, Syneron/Candela, Medicis, Allergan, and Solta; has served on the speakers bureau of Sciton, Lumenis, Syneron/Candela, Medicis, Allergan, and Solta; has provided expert testimony for renewed cases; has received grants from Sciton, ASDS, and Lumenis; receives royalties for patent UMK-193 at the University of Miami; and has received donated equipment from Palomar, Alma, Celleration, Syneron/Candela, Sciton, Deka, and Solta. NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 148 IS 11 BP 1289 EP 1293 PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 040ZK UT WOS:000311365700011 PM 23165834 ER PT J AU Brelsford, M Mason, A Pariser, R AF Brelsford, Megan Mason, Ashley Pariser, Robert TI Diffuse Skin Thickening and Linear Papules in a 59-Year-Old Woman SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID LICHEN MYXEDEMATOSUS; SCLEROMYXEDEMA; PROLIFERATION; MELPHALAN C1 [Brelsford, Megan] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Mason, Ashley] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. [Pariser, Robert] Pariser Dermatol Specialists Ltd, Norfolk, VA USA. [Pariser, Robert] Eastern Virginia Med Sch, Norfolk, VA 23501 USA. RP Brelsford, M (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 148 IS 11 BP 1317 EP 1322 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 040ZK UT WOS:000311365700022 PM 23165842 ER PT J AU Willer, RL Storey, RF Deschamps, J Parrish, D Kendrick, J Leusen, FJJ AF Willer, Rodney L. Storey, Robson F. Deschamps, Jeffery Parrish, Damon Kendrick, John Leusen, Frank J. J. TI Synthesis, Prediction, and Determination of Crystal Structures of (R/S)- and (S)-1,6-Dinitro-3,8-dioxa-1,6-diazaspiro[4.4]nonane-2,7-dione SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-CRYSTALS; DENSITY AB Spiro-cyclic compounds frequently have screw-type symmetry (C-2) and are therefore optically active even though they do not contain an asymmetric carbon atom. (R/S)-1,6-Dinitro-3,8-dioxa-1,6-diazaspiro[4.4]nonane-2,7-dione is such a molecule. A blind crystal structure prediction study of structures containing one molecule in the asymmetric unit and considering all 230 space groups was undertaken using a dispersion-corrected density functional approach, which found a packing that matched the experimental structure of the (R/S) form as the lowest energy packing alternative. The densities of (R/S); and (S)- or (R)-1,6-dinitro-3,8-dioxa-1,6-diazaspiro[4.4]nonane-2,7-dione calculated for the Optimized experimental crystal structures confirmed that there is a small difference in the densities of the racemate and the optically active compound, with the optically active material being slightly more dense (1.875 versus 1.842 g/cm(3)). (R/S)-1,6-Dinitro-3,8-dioxa-1,6-diazaspiro[4.4]nonane-2,7-dione was synthesized as previously described Synthesis of the pure (S)-stereoisomer was accomplished by resolution of the racemic dithiourethane using a previously described method, followed by reaction of the pure enantiomer with acetyl nitrate. The absolute configuration of the l-3,8-dioxa-1,6-diazaspiro[4.4]nonane-2,7-dithione was established as (S)- by redetermining the crystal structure at 150 K. The racemate crystallizes in space group P2(1)/n with a density of 1.835 g/cm(3) (296 K). The (S)-compound crystallizes in space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) with a density of 1.854 g/cm(3) (296 K). This is the first demonstration of a difference in the density between the racemic mixture and the optically pure stereoisomer of an energetic material. It is also an apparent violation of Wallach's rule, which states that racemic crystals tend to be denser than their optically active counterparts. C1 [Willer, Rodney L.; Storey, Robson F.] Univ So Mississippi, Sch Polymers & High Performance Mat, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffery; Parrish, Damon] USN, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kendrick, John; Leusen, Frank J. J.] Univ Bradford, Sch Life Sci, Bradford BD7 1DP, W Yorkshire, England. RP Willer, RL (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Sch Polymers & High Performance Mat, 118 Coll Dr 5050, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. EM Rodney.Willer@att.net RI Kendrick, John/G-8985-2013; OI Kendrick, John/0000-0002-9973-237X; Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-081006, N00014-11-AF-0-0002] FX This work was funded by Grants N00014-081006 (USM) and N00014-11-AF-0-0002 (NRL) from the Office of Naval Research (Dr. Clifford Bedford). We thank Avant-garde Materials Simulation for providing a courtesy licence to the GRACE software package for crystal structure prediction. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1528-7483 J9 CRYST GROWTH DES JI Cryst. Growth Des. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 12 IS 11 BP 5292 EP 5297 DI 10.1021/cg300869z PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA 039IZ UT WOS:000311240100019 ER PT J AU Richie, TL Charoenvit, Y Wang, RB Epstein, JE Hedstrom, RC Kumar, S Luke, TC Freilich, DA Aguiar, JC Sacci, JB Sedegah, M Nosek, RA De La Vega, P Berzins, MP Majam, VF Abot, EN Ganeshan, H Richie, NO Banania, JG Baraceros, MFB Geter, TG Mere, R Bebris, L Limbach, K Hickey, BW Lanar, DE Ng, J Shi, M Hobart, PM Norman, JA Soisson, LA Hollingdale, MR Rogers, WO Doolan, DL Hoffman, SL AF Richie, Thomas L. Charoenvit, Yupin Wang, Ruobing Epstein, Judith E. Hedstrom, Richard C. Kumar, Sanjai Luke, Thomas C. Freilich, Daniel A. Aguiar, Joao C. Sacci, John B., Jr. Sedegah, Martha Nosek, Ronald A., Jr. De La Vega, Patricia Berzins, Mara P. Majam, Victoria F. Abot, Esteban N. Ganeshan, Harini Richie, Nancy O. Banania, Jo Glenna Baraceros, Maria Fe B. Geter, Tanya G. Mere, Robin Bebris, Lolita Limbach, Keith Hickey, Bradley W. Lanar, David E. Ng, Jennifer Shi, Meng Hobart, Peter M. Norman, Jon A. Soisson, Lorraine A. Hollingdale, Michael R. Rogers, William O. Doolan, Denise L. Hoffman, Stephen L. TI Clinical trial in healthy malaria-naive adults to evaluate the safety, tolerability, immunogenicity and efficacy of MuStDO5, a five-gene, sporozoite/hepatic stage Plasmodium falciparum DNA vaccine combined with escalating dose human GM-CSF DNA SO HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT DNA Vaccines Meeting CY JUL 12-14, 2011 CL San Diego, CA DE malaria; Plasmodium falciparum; DNA vaccine; vaccine safety; clinical trials; GM-CSF; malaria challenge; controlled human malaria infection; malaria vaccine ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; T-CELL RESPONSES; HEPATOCYTE ERYTHROCYTE PROTEIN; HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES; SERUM CREATINE-KINASE; ASEXUAL BLOOD STAGES; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; VIRUS ANKARA; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; INTERFERON-GAMMA AB When introduced in the 1990s, immunization with DNA plasmids was considered potentially revolutionary for vaccine development, particularly for vaccines intended to induce protective CD8 T cell responses against multiple antigens. We conducted, in 1997-1998, the first clinical trial in healthy humans of a DNA vaccine, a single plasmid encoding Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP), as an initial step toward developing a multi-antigen malaria vaccine targeting the liver stages of the parasite. As the next step, we conducted in 2000-2001 a clinical trial of a five-plasmid mixture called MuStDO5 encoding pre-erythrocytic antigens PfCSP, PfSSP2/TRAP, PfEXP1, PfLSA1 and PfLSA3. Thirty-two, malaria-naive, adult volunteers were enrolled sequentially into four cohorts receiving a mixture of 500 mu g of each plasmid plus escalating doses (0, 20, 100 or 500 mu g) of a sixth plasmid encoding human granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (hGM-CSF). Three doses of each formulation were administered intramuscularly by needle-less jet injection at 0, 4 and 8 weeks, and each cohort had controlled human malaria infection administered by five mosquito bites 18 d later. The vaccine was safe and well-tolerated, inducing moderate antigen-specific, MHC-restricted T cell interferon-gamma responses but no antibodies. Although no volunteers were protected, T cell responses were boosted post malaria challenge. This trial demonstrated the MuStDO5 DNA and hGM-CS F plasmids to be safe and modestly immunogenic for T cell responses. It also laid the foundation for priming with DNA plasmids and boosting with recombinant viruses, an approach known for nearly 15 y to enhance the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of DNA vaccines. C1 [Richie, Thomas L.; Charoenvit, Yupin; Wang, Ruobing; Epstein, Judith E.; Hedstrom, Richard C.; Kumar, Sanjai; Luke, Thomas C.; Freilich, Daniel A.; Sacci, John B., Jr.; Sedegah, Martha; De La Vega, Patricia; Berzins, Mara P.; Majam, Victoria F.; Abot, Esteban N.; Ganeshan, Harini; Richie, Nancy O.; Banania, Jo Glenna; Baraceros, Maria Fe B.; Geter, Tanya G.; Bebris, Lolita; Limbach, Keith; Hickey, Bradley W.; Hollingdale, Michael R.; Rogers, William O.; Doolan, Denise L.; Hoffman, Stephen L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Wang, Ruobing; Kumar, Sanjai; Sacci, John B., Jr.; De La Vega, Patricia; Berzins, Mara P.; Majam, Victoria F.; Abot, Esteban N.; Ganeshan, Harini; Richie, Nancy O.; Banania, Jo Glenna; Baraceros, Maria Fe B.; Geter, Tanya G.; Bebris, Lolita; Limbach, Keith; Hollingdale, Michael R.] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Bethesda, MD USA. [Aguiar, Joao C.] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. [Nosek, Ronald A., Jr.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. [Mere, Robin; Hobart, Peter M.; Norman, Jon A.] Vical, San Diego, CA USA. [Lanar, David E.; Shi, Meng] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Ng, Jennifer] Def Marrow Donor Program, CW Bill Young Dept, Rockville, MD USA. [Soisson, Lorraine A.] USAID, Washington, DC USA. RP Richie, TL (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM Thomas.Richie@med.navy.mil RI Doolan, Denise/F-1969-2015; OI Richie, Thomas/0000-0002-2946-5456 FU Naval Medical Research and Development [61102A.S13.F.A0009, 62787A.870.F.A0010, 63002A.810.F.A0011, 603792N.01889.135.A0039, 60000.000.000.A0062]; US. Agency for International Development; Office of Naval Research Advanced Technology Demonstration FX This work was supported by the Naval Medical Research and Development Command work units 61102A.S13.F.A0009, 62787A.870.F.A0010, 63002A.810.F.A0011, 603792N.01889.135.A0039 and 60000.000.000.A0062 and by the US. Agency for International Development and the Office of Naval Research Advanced Technology Demonstration. T.L.R., J.E.E., R.C.H., W.O.R., T.C.L., D.A.F., R.A.N., B.W.H. and S. L. H. were active duty military personnel at the time they contributed to this work; Y.C., M. Sedegah and D. E. L. were US Government employees. The work of these individuals was prepared as part of official government duties. Title 17 U.S.C. sic105 provides that "Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government." Title 17 U.S.C. sic101 defines a US Government work as a work prepared by a military service member or employee of the US Government as part of that person's official duties. The study protocol for the clinical trial presented in this manuscript was approved by the NMRC Institutional Review Board, in compliance with all applicable Federal Regulations governing protection of human subjects. All study subjects gave written informed consent. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, the Department of the Army, the Department of Defense or the US Government. NR 96 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2164-5515 EI 2164-554X J9 HUM VACC IMMUNOTHER JI Human Vaccines Immunother. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 8 IS 11 SI SI BP 1564 EP 1584 DI 10.4161/hv.22129 PG 21 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 048GD UT WOS:000311897900012 PM 23151451 ER PT J AU Bedrossian, N Karpenko, M Bhatt, S AF Bedrossian, Nazareth Karpenko, Mark Bhatt, Sagar TI Overclock My Satellite SO IEEE SPECTRUM LA English DT Article C1 [Bedrossian, Nazareth] Charles Stark Draper Lab, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Karpenko, Mark] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Bedrossian, N (reprint author), Charles Stark Draper Lab, Houston, TX 77058 USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9235 J9 IEEE SPECTRUM JI IEEE Spectr. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 49 IS 11 BP 54 EP 62 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 047MK UT WOS:000311844800015 ER PT J AU Smith, AT Simonson, D Charipar, NA Pique, A AF Smith, A. T. Simonson, D. Charipar, N. A. Pique, A. TI Laser Direct Write Fabrication of Meta-Antennas for Electro-Optic Conversion SO JOURNAL OF LASER MICRO NANOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Laser Direct Write; Electro-optic Conversion; Metamaterials; Electrically Small Antennas ID ELECTRODES AB For electro-optic modulators, traveling wave designs are implemented due to the long interaction area necessary to efficiently modulate a signal with low voltages as a result of LiNbO3's modest electro-optic coefficient (r(33) = 30 pm/V). However, with metamaterial inspired, electrically small resonator antennas, high field enhancements can be produced which allow the modulation of optical signals directly from the antennas, bypassing the need for a separate modulator [1]. For this work, Laser Direct Write (LDW) proved to be a useful tool in fabricating various meta-antenna array structures. The additive techniques of laser direct write, coupled with more traditional micromachining, have allowed the quick fabrication of these resonator meta-antennas so that the desired specifications, including resonant frequency and field enhancement, can be tested quickly and appropriate updates to the design can be made. This allows a designer to shift the resonant frequency and increase the field enhancement necessary to get the required device performance. The Laser Induced Forward Transfer (LIFT) technique was used initially for lower frequency designs (X-band); however, Laser Decal Transfer (LDT) was used subsequently for designs with higher frequencies by employing a digital mirror device to modulate the image of the beam. The resulting designs showed good fabrication consistency in terms of resonant frequency and comparable field enhancement to resonators fabricated through traditional lithography. DOI: 10.2961/jlmn.2012.03.0013 C1 [Smith, A. T.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Simonson, D.; Charipar, N. A.; Pique, A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Smith, AT (reprint author), Nova Res Inc, 1900 Elkin St,Suite 230, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. EM andrew.t.smith.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. Thanks to Dr. Shouyuan Shi at the University of Delaware for providing RF measurements of the antennas. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 27 PU JAPAN LASER PROCESSING SOC PI OSAKA PA OSAKA UNIV, 11-1 MIHOGAOKA, IBARAKI C/O KATAYAMA LAB, JOINING & WELDING RES INST, OSAKA, 567-0047, JAPAN SN 1880-0688 J9 J LASER MICRO NANOEN JI J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 7 IS 3 BP 306 EP 310 DI 10.2961/jlmn.2012.03.0013 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA 047NB UT WOS:000311846500013 ER PT J AU Kim, H Proell, J Kohler, R Pfleging, W Pique, A AF Kim, Heungsoo Proell, Johannes Kohler, Robert Pfleging, Wilhelm Pique, Alberto TI Laser-Printed and Processed LiCoO2 CathodeThick Films for Li-Ion Microbatteries SO JOURNAL OF LASER MICRO NANOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Thick-film electrodes; Li-ion microbatteries; Laser direct-write; Laser structuring; 3D battery ID LITHIUM BATTERIES; FABRICATION; ELECTRODES; DEPOSITION AB Thick-film electrodes (LiCoO2 cathode and carbon anode) are laser-printed onto metallic current collectors for fabricating Li-ion microbatteries. Microbatteries fabricated with these laser-printed thick-film electrodes demonstrate a significantly higher discharge capacity and power density than those made by sputter-deposited thin-film techniques. This increased performance is attributed to the porous structure of the laser-printed electrodes that allows improved ionic and electronic transport through the thick electrodes (up to similar to 100 mu m) without a significant increase in internal resistance. Laser structuring process is applied to increase active surface area of the laser-printed LiCoO2 cathode films for improving cycle stability of microbatteries at high charging/discharging currents. Laser structuring parameters, including laser pulse number and laser fluence, are optimized for improving surface morphology of the films. DOI:10.2961/jlmn.2012.03.0016 C1 [Kim, Heungsoo; Pique, Alberto] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Proell, Johannes; Kohler, Robert; Pfleging, Wilhelm] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IAM AWP, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Pfleging, Wilhelm] Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facil, D-76344 Egg Leopoldshafen, Germany. RP Kim, H (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM heungsoo.kim@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF) FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. Finally, the support by the Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF, www.kit.edu/knmf) for laser processing is gratefully acknowledged. NR 25 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 13 U2 79 PU JAPAN LASER PROCESSING SOC PI OSAKA PA OSAKA UNIV, 11-1 MIHOGAOKA, IBARAKI C/O KATAYAMA LAB, JOINING & WELDING RES INST, OSAKA, 567-0047, JAPAN SN 1880-0688 J9 J LASER MICRO NANOEN JI J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 7 IS 3 BP 320 EP 325 DI 10.2961/jlmn.2012.03.0016 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA 047NB UT WOS:000311846500016 ER PT J AU Morrison, MP O'Rourke, A Dion, GR Eller, RL Weinberger, P Postma, GN AF Morrison, Michele P. O'Rourke, Ashli Dion, Gregory R. Eller, Robert L. Weinberger, Paul Postma, Gregory N. TI Hemodynamic Changes During Otolaryngological Office-Based Flexible Endoscopic Procedures SO ANNALS OF OTOLOGY RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Broncho-Esophagological-Association CY APR 18-19, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Broncho Esophagol Assoc DE endoscopy; hypertension; larynx; laser; office-based surgery; tachycardia ID LARYNGEAL PROCEDURES; LASER-SURGERY; MORTALITY AB Objectives: A preponderance of literature supports the safety of office-based flexible endoscopic procedures of the upper aerodigestive tract; however, until recently there were no data regarding hemodynamic stability during these procedures. A recent study showed intraprocedure changes in patients' hemodynamic parameters, raising the concern that perhaps patients should be monitored during these procedures. The aim of our study was to determine whether physiologically significant alterations in vital signs occur during office-based flexible endoscopic procedures. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 100 consecutive patients who underwent office-based flexible endoscopic procedures of the upper aerodigestive tract from July 2010 to October 2011. Baseline values and the maximal changes in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation were recorded and compared. Results: One hundred consecutive patients were included in the study. Twenty-one patients (21%) had severe hypertension and 40 patients (40%) had tachycardia during the procedure. The mean change overall in systolic blood pressure was 26.2 mm Hg (p < 0.001), the mean change in diastolic blood pressure was 13.9 mm Hg (p < 0.001), the mean change in heart rate was 16.6 beats per minute (p < 0.001), and the mean change in oxygen saturation was 1.6% (p < 0.001). These changes were significant. On further breakdown into groups, patients over 50 years of age and patients who were undergoing esophageal or laser procedures had significant elevations in heart rate (p = 0.01 and p = 0.04, respectively). An elevation in diastolic blood pressure was also significant in patients who were undergoing esophageal or laser procedures (p = 0.04 for both). Conclusions: These data concur with those of the previous report that found potentially significant hemodynamic changes during office-based procedures. Although preliminary, our findings suggest that it may be wise to monitor vital signs in patients over 50 years of age and patients who are undergoing an esophageal or laser procedure who are at risk for complications that could arise from tachycardia and hypertension. C1 [Morrison, Michele P.; O'Rourke, Ashli; Weinberger, Paul; Postma, Gregory N.] Georgia Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Voice Airway & Swallowing Ctr, Augusta, GA USA. [Dion, Gregory R.; Eller, Robert L.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Morrison, MP (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RI Weinberger, Paul/B-7007-2008 OI Weinberger, Paul/0000-0002-5885-2631 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ANNALS PUBL CO PI ST LOUIS PA 4507 LACLEDE AVE, ST LOUIS, MO 63108 USA SN 0003-4894 J9 ANN OTO RHINOL LARYN JI Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 121 IS 11 BP 714 EP 718 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 042JR UT WOS:000311468000003 PM 23193903 ER PT J AU Stamper, DM Morris, RE Montgomery, MT AF Stamper, David M. Morris, Robert E. Montgomery, Michael T. TI Depletion of Lubricity Improvers from Hydrotreated Renewable and Ultralow-Sulfur Petroleum Diesels by Marine Microbiota SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Carbon Reduction Technologies CY SEP 19-22, 2011 CL Polish Jurrasic Highland, POLAND ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; ALKANE OXIDATION; BACTERIA; BIODEGRADATION; MINERALIZATION; HYDROCARBONS; DEGRADATION; SEDIMENTS; GENES; FUELS AB Relative to the high-sulfur diesel in use for decades, the U.S. Navy is facing exposure to new fuels that may behave differently in the marine environment. This laboratory work investigated the effects of biofouling and seawater exposure to high-sulfur diesel, ultralow-sulfur diesel, Fischer-Tropsch synthetic diesel, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) biodiesel, and hydrotreated renewable diesel fuels. Bulk chemical changes were not detectable under the laboratory test conditions, but changes in fuel lubricity, controlled by traces of polar compounds in fuel, were detectable in several fuels by both physical and chemical testing. A marine microbial assemblage rapidly metabolized the lubricity improver (as C-14-linoleic acid) as it partitioned to seawater from hydrotreated renewable and ultralow-sulfur diesel fuels. Equipment dependent upon fuel lubricity, such as fuel pumps and fuel injectors, may be at risk when new fuels enter use in the near future, given that certain U.S. Navy ship classes store fuel wet, in seawater-compensated tanks. Our results have implications for improperly stored fuels, as well. C1 [Stamper, David M.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Morris, Robert E.; Montgomery, Michael T.] USN, Res Lab NRL, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Stamper, DM (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, 9500 MacArthur Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM david.stamper@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program FX The authors thank Sherry Williams and Jamie Sanders at NAVAIR, Patuxent River Naval Air Station, for technical advice, providing fuel samples for testing, and physical lubricity testing by HFRR analysis. We also thank Brittany Preston, Andrew Vorwald, and Arlene Thukral at Carderock, West Bethesda, MD, for sampling, measuring, and tending experiments. We thank Shawn Sullivan (Mayport, FL) and Chris Lyles (University of Oklahoma) for arranging and sampling the USS Gettysburg fuel bottom-water. Funding for this work for David M. Stamper and Robert E. Morris was provided by the Office of Naval Research. Funding for Michael T. Montgomery was provided by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program. NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD NOV PY 2012 VL 26 IS 11 BP 6854 EP 6862 DI 10.1021/ef301158n PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 039KO UT WOS:000311244900044 ER PT J AU Paulus, M Dasgupta, A Habtour, E AF Paulus, M. Dasgupta, A. Habtour, Ed TI Life estimation model of a cantilevered beam subjected to complex random vibration SO FATIGUE & FRACTURE OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE damage accumulation; fatigue; fracture; frequency shift; power spectral density; random vibration AB An analytic methodology was developed to predict the fatigue life of a structure experiencing stationary, Gaussian random vibration excitation. This method allows the estimation of fatigue life using a frequency domain method, where only the input power spectral density and damping factor are required. The methodology uses linear elastic fracture mechanics for fatigue crack propagation and accounts for the frequency shifting that occurs due to fatigue crack evolution. Good results have been obtained comparing the analytic model to both finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental results, for mild-steel cantilever beams. C1 [Paulus, M.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div Keyport, Keyport, WA 98345 USA. [Dasgupta, A.] Univ Maryland, CALCE, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Habtour, Ed] USA, Res Lab, RDRL VTV, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Paulus, M (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div Keyport, 610 Dowell St, Keyport, WA 98345 USA. EM mark.paulus@navy.mil OI Habtour, Ed/0000-0002-9083-9285 FU Office of Naval Research, N-Star program through the In-house Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR); Office of Naval Research, N-Star program, through Naval Innovative Science and Engineering (NISE) FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research, N-Star program, through the In-house Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) and Naval Innovative Science and Engineering (NISE) programs. Distribution Statement A: Approved for Public Release; Distribution is unlimited. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 8756-758X J9 FATIGUE FRACT ENG M JI Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 35 IS 11 BP 1058 EP 1070 DI 10.1111/j.1460-2695.2012.01693.x PG 13 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 041FH UT WOS:000311382800007 ER PT J AU Carbone, PN Capra, GG Brigger, MT AF Carbone, Peter N. Capra, Gregory G. Brigger, Matthew T. TI Antibiotic therapy for pediatric deep neck abscesses: A systematic review SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery/Otolaryngology Expo CY SEP 26-29, 2010 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Fdn DE Deep neck abscess; Retropharyngeal abscess; Parapharyngeal abscess; Pediatric; Airway; Computed tomography; Surgical management; Antibiotic management ID PARAPHARYNGEAL SPACE INFECTIONS; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; RETROPHARYNGEAL ABSCESS; NONSURGICAL MANAGEMENT; CHILDREN; EXPERIENCE; DIAGNOSIS AB Objective: To evaluate the current evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of medical management for deep neck abscesses in children. Data sources: Pubmed and Embase databases accessed 3/27/2012. Review methods: An a priori protocol defining inclusion and exclusion criteria was developed to identify all articles addressing medical therapy of pediatric deep neck abscesses where details regarding diagnostic criteria, specifics of medical therapy and definitions of failure were presented. The search included electronic databases to identify candidate articles as well as a manual crosscheck of references. The level of evidence was assessed and data extracted by three authors independently. Data were pooled using a random effects model due to significant study heterogeneity. Results: Eight articles met inclusion criteria. The overall level of evidence was grade C. There was significant heterogeneity among the studies (I-2=98.8%; p<.001). However, each article uniformly presented cases suggesting that medical therapy may be a viable alternative to surgical drainage in some patients. The pooled success rate of medical therapy in avoiding surgical drainage in children with deep neck infections was 0.517 (95%CI: 0.335, 0.700). When patients taken immediately to surgery were excluded and patients were placed on author defined medical protocols, the success rate increased to 0.951 (95%CI: 0.851, 1.051). Subgroup analysis by duration of intravenous antibiotic trial greater than 48 h demonstrated a pooled success rate of 0.740 (95%CI: 0.527, 0.953). Conclusion: The current literature suggests medical management may be a safe alternative to surgical drainage of deep neck abscesses in children. However, the level of evidence lacks strength and further investigation is warranted. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Capra, Gregory G.; Brigger, Matthew T.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Carbone, Peter N.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Anat Pathol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Capra, GG (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM gregory.capra@med.navy.mil NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0165-5876 J9 INT J PEDIATR OTORHI JI Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 76 IS 11 BP 1647 EP 1653 DI 10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.07.038 PG 7 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Pediatrics SC Otorhinolaryngology; Pediatrics GA 042HY UT WOS:000311463500021 PM 22921604 ER PT J AU Ambrosio, A Magit, A AF Ambrosio, Art Magit, Anthony TI Respiratory distress of the newborn: Congenital laryngeal atresia SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Embryology; Laryngeal atresia; Mitomycin; Subglottic stenosis; Laryngotracheal reconstruction; Respiratory distress; Endoscopic balloon dilation ID LONG-TERM SURVIVAL AB Congenital laryngeal atresia is a rare cause of respiratory distress of the newborn. The defect may be isolated or occur in association with other congenital abnormalities, notably the presence of a tracheoesophageal fistula, esophageal atresia, encephalocele, or Congenital High Airway Obstructive Syndrome (CHAOS). We present the case of a newborn with no identified intrapartum abnormalities with respiratory distress at birth secondary to near-complete laryngeal atresia. Management included tracheostomy, repeated endoscopic incisions, and serial balloon dilatations employing the topical use of Mitomycin C. Seven year follow-up was significant for mobilization of the true vocal cords bilaterally, as well as successful decannulation. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Ambrosio, Art] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Magit, Anthony] Rady Childrens Hosp San Diego, Dept Pediat Otolaryngol, San Diego, CA USA. [Magit, Anthony] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Surg, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Ambrosio, A (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 34520 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM Ambrosio@ucla.edu NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0165-5876 J9 INT J PEDIATR OTORHI JI Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 76 IS 11 BP 1685 EP 1687 DI 10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.07.019 PG 3 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Pediatrics SC Otorhinolaryngology; Pediatrics GA 042HY UT WOS:000311463500030 PM 22867518 ER PT J AU Volino, RJ AF Volino, Ralph J. TI Combined-Wake and Pulsed-Jet Effects on Separation on a Turbine Airfoil SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article ID BOUNDARY-LAYER DEVELOPMENT; VORTEX GENERATOR JETS; LOW-PRESSURE TURBINES; PASSIVE FLOW-CONTROL; TURBULENCE INTENSITY; SUCTION SURFACE; UNSTEADY WAKES; TRANSITION; BLADE; REGION AB Boundary-layer separation control with pulsed vortex generator jets has been studied on a very high lift, low-pressure turbine airfoil in the presence of unsteady wakes. Experiments were done in a linear cascade under low (0.6%) and high (4%) freestream-turbulence conditions at low Reynolds numbers. Wakes were produced from moving rods upstream of the cascade. The vortex generator jets were injected at the beginning of the adverse-pressure-gradient region with maximum jet velocity equal to the local freestream velocity and a jet duty cycle of 10%. Several different timings of the vortex generator jets with respect to the wakes were considered. In cases without vortex generator jets, the boundary layer momentarily reattached in response to the wake passing, but separated between wakes. The vortex generator jets also caused reattachment, and if the vortex-generator-jet pulsing frequency was sufficiently high, separation was largely suppressed for the full wake passing cycle. The timing of the vortex generator jets with respect to the wakes was not very important. The jet pulsing frequency needed for separation control was about the same as found previously in cases without wakes. The background freestream-turbulence effect was negligible in the presence of the larger wake and vortex-generator-jet disturbances. C1 [Volino, Ralph J.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM volino@usna.edu FU NASA [NNC07IA10I]; U.S. Naval Academy Technical Support Department Shop and Fluids Laboratory FX This work was sponsored by NASA under grant NNC07IA10I. The grant monitors were Anthony Strazisar and James Heidmann of NASA John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field. The support of the U.S. Naval Academy Technical Support Department Shop and Fluids Laboratory is greatly appreciated. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0748-4658 EI 1533-3876 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 28 IS 6 BP 1176 EP 1187 DI 10.2514/1.B34503 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 037UQ UT WOS:000311132400004 ER PT J AU Arnaud, F Okada, T Solomon, D Haque, A Carroll, EE Sagini, E McCarron, R AF Arnaud, Francoise Okada, Tomoaki Solomon, Daniel Haque, Ashraful Carroll, Erica E. Sagini, Eilleen McCarron, Richard TI Initial evaluation of a nano-engineered hemostatic agent in a severe vascular and organ hemorrhage swine model SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND ACUTE CARE SURGERY LA English DT Article DE Nanofibers; hemostatic dressing; bleeding; liver repair; trauma ID EXTREMITY ARTERIAL HEMORRHAGE; V LIVER-INJURY; BLOOD-LOSS; DRESSINGS; EFFICACY; QUIKCLOT; GAUZE AB OBJECTIVES: An advanced hemostatic dressing, Rapid Trauma Hemostat (RTH), was developed using nano-engineered inorganic nanofibers with hemostatic surface properties. METHODS: Yorkshire swine were treated with RTH or Combat Gauze (CBG) to stop bleeding from either an arterial puncture (G-RTH and G-CBG) or a liver lobe laceration (L-RTH and L-CBG). All animals received 500 mL of Hextend at 10 minutes after injury and were monitored for a total time of 180 minutes. RESULTS: Uncontrolled hemorrhage was similar in all animals in both models and was immediately controlled with the application of either dressing. After blood pressure was restored with fluid resuscitation, the RTH hemostatic treatment was less effective than CBG in the groin (puncture) model (rebleeding incidence, four of seven for G-RTH vs. one of seven for G-CBG; p = 0.034) but showed similar efficacy in the liver injury model (lower pressure bleeding). Interestingly, RTH exhibited a trend for higher efficacy in terms of hemostatic plug formation at the end of the experiment (no bleeding occurred after dressing removal) in the liver injury model. CONCLUSION: Overall, RTH was not as effective at stopping high-shear rate (arterial) bleeding, but it presented some advantages for intracavitary treatment with potential for long-term evacuation. (J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012;73:1180-1187. Copyright (c) 2012 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins) C1 [Arnaud, Francoise; Okada, Tomoaki; Haque, Ashraful; Sagini, Eilleen; McCarron, Richard] USN, Med Res Ctr, Dept NeuroTrauma, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Arnaud, Francoise; McCarron, Richard] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Solomon, Daniel] Yale Univ, Dept Surg, New Haven, CT USA. [Carroll, Erica E.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Dept Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Arnaud, F (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Dept NeuroTrauma, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM francoise.arnaud@med.navy.mil NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 16 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 2163-0755 J9 J TRAUMA ACUTE CARE JI J. Trauma Acute Care Surg. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 73 IS 5 BP 1180 EP 1187 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e31825b3a60 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 043VF UT WOS:000311577100027 PM 22914081 ER PT J AU D'Ammando, F Rau, A Schady, P Finke, J Orienti, M Greiner, J Kann, DA Ojha, R Foley, AR Stevens, J Blanchard, JM Edwards, PG Kadler, M Lovell, JEJ AF D'Ammando, F. Rau, A. Schady, P. Finke, J. Orienti, M. Greiner, J. Kann, D. A. Ojha, R. Foley, A. R. Stevens, J. Blanchard, J. M. Edwards, P. G. Kadler, M. Lovell, J. E. J. TI PKS 2123-463: a confirmed gamma-ray blazar at high redshift SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: nuclei; quasars: general; quasars: individual: PKS 2123-463; gamma rays: general ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; ALL-SKY SURVEY; BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFT; RADIO-SOURCES; COMPTON ANALYSIS; SOURCE CATALOG; BLACK-HOLES; MISSION AB The flat spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ) PKS 2123-463 was associated in the first Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) source catalogue with the gamma-ray source 1FGL J2126.1-4603, but when considering the full first two years of Fermi observations, no gamma-ray source at a position consistent with this FSRQ was detected, and thus PKS 2123-463 was not reported in the second Fermi-LAT source catalogue. On 2011 December 14 a gamma-ray source positionally consistent with PKS 2123-463 was detected in flaring activity by Fermi-LAT. This activity triggered radio-to-X-ray observations by the Swift, Gamma-ray Optical/Near-Infrared Detector (GROND), Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA), Ceduna and Seven Dishes Karoo Array Telescope (KAT-7) observatories. Results of the localization of the gamma-ray source over 41 months of Fermi-LAT operation are reported here in conjunction with the results of the analysis of radio, optical, ultraviolet (UV) and X-ray data collected soon after the gamma-ray flare. The strict spatial association with the lower energy counterpart together with a simultaneous increase of the activity in optical, UV, X-ray and gamma-ray bands led to a firm identification of the gamma-ray source with PKS 2123-463. A new photometric redshift has been estimated as z = 1.46 +/- 0.05 using GROND and Swift Ultraviolet/Optical Telescope (UVOT) observations, in rough agreement with the disputed spectroscopic redshift of z = 1.67. We fit the broad-band spectral energy distribution with a synchrotron/external Compton model. We find that a thermal disc component is necessary to explain the optical/UV emission detected by Swift/UVOT. This disc has a luminosity of similar to 1.8 x 10(46) erg s(-1), and a fit to the disc emission assuming a Schwarzschild (i.e. non-rotating) black hole gives a mass of similar to 2 x 10(9) M-circle dot. This is the first black hole mass estimate for this source. C1 [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Perugia, Dip Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.; Orienti, M.] INAF, Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Rau, A.; Schady, P.; Greiner, J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Finke, J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Orienti, M.] Univ Bologna, Dip Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Kann, D. A.] Thuringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany. [Ojha, R.] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, IACS, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Foley, A. R.] SKA SA, Cape Town, South Africa. [Stevens, J.] ATNF, CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia. [Blanchard, J. M.; Lovell, J. E. J.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Math & Phys, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Edwards, P. G.] ATNF, CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Kadler, M.] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Kadler, M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP D'Ammando, F (reprint author), Univ Perugia, Dip Fis, Via A Pascoli, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. EM filippo.dammando@fisica.unipg.it FU DFG [HA 1850/28-1, Kl 766/16-1]; MPE; Commonwealth of Australia; NASA [NNH09ZDA001N, 31263] FX Part of the funding for GROND (both hardware and personnel) was generously granted from the Leibniz-Prize to Professor G. Hasinger (DFG grant HA 1850/28-1). We thank the Swift team for making these observations possible, the duty scientists and science planners. DAK acknowledges support by DFG grant Kl 766/16-1, and is grateful for travel funding support through MPE. The Australia Telescope Compact Array is part of the Australia Telescope National Facility which is funded by the Commonwealth of Australia for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO. This research was funded in part by NASA through Fermi Guest Investigator grant NNH09ZDA001N (proposal number 31263). This research was supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Goddard Space Flight Center, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. We thank Silvia Raino and the anonymous referee for useful comments and suggestions. NR 58 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 427 IS 1 BP 893 EP 900 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22041.x PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 031XH UT WOS:000310675400069 ER PT J AU Ahmed, SA Awosika, J Baldwin, C Bishop-Lilly, KA Biswas, B Broomall, S Chain, PSG Chertkov, O Chokoshvili, O Coyne, S Davenport, K Detter, JC Dorman, W Erkkila, TH Folster, JP Frey, KG George, M Gleasner, C Henry, M Hill, KK Hubbard, K Insalaco, J Johnson, S Kitzmiller, A Krepps, M Lo, CC Luu, T McNew, LA Minogue, T Munk, CA Osborne, B Patel, M Reitenga, KG Rosenzweig, CN Shea, A Shen, XH Strockbine, N Tarr, C Teshima, H van Gieson, E Verratti, K Wolcott, M Xie, G Sozhamannan, S Gibbons, HS AF Ahmed, Sanaa A. Awosika, Joy Baldwin, Carson Bishop-Lilly, Kimberly A. Biswas, Biswajit Broomall, Stacey Chain, Patrick S. G. Chertkov, Olga Chokoshvili, Otar Coyne, Susan Davenport, Karen Detter, J. Chris Dorman, William Erkkila, Tracy H. Folster, Jason P. Frey, Kenneth G. George, Matroner Gleasner, Cheryl Henry, Matthew Hill, Karen K. Hubbard, Kyle Insalaco, Joseph Johnson, Shannon Kitzmiller, Aaron Krepps, Michael Lo, Chien-Chi Truong Luu McNew, Lauren A. Minogue, Timothy Munk, Christine A. Osborne, Brian Patel, Mohit Reitenga, Krista G. Rosenzweig, C. Nicole Shea, April Shen, Xiaohong Strockbine, Nancy Tarr, Cheryl Teshima, Hazuki van Gieson, Eric Verratti, Kathleen Wolcott, Mark Xie, Gary Sozhamannan, Shanmuga Gibbons, Henry S. CA Threat Characterization Consortium TI Genomic Comparison of Escherichia coli O104:H4 Isolates from 2009 and 2011 Reveals Plasmid, and Prophage Heterogeneity, Including Shiga Toxin Encoding Phage stx2 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; AGGREGATIVE ADHERENCE; GADE YHIE; BACTERIOPHAGES; RESISTANCE; PATHOGENS; SEQUENCES; ALIGNMENT; OUTBREAK AB In May of 2011, an enteroaggregative Escherichia coli O104:H4 strain that had acquired a Shiga toxin 2-converting phage caused a large outbreak of bloody diarrhea in Europe which was notable for its high prevalence of hemolytic uremic syndrome cases. Several studies have described the genomic inventory and phylogenies of strains associated with the outbreak and a collection of historical E. coli O104: H4 isolates using draft genome assemblies. We present the complete, closed genome sequences of an isolate from the 2011 outbreak (2011C-3493) and two isolates from cases of bloody diarrhea that occurred in the Republic of Georgia in 2009 (2009EL-2050 and 2009EL-2071). Comparative genome analysis indicates that, while the Georgian strains are the nearest neighbors to the 2011 outbreak isolates sequenced to date, structural and nucleotide-level differences are evident in the Stx2 phage genomes, the mer/tet antibiotic resistance island, and in the prophage and plasmid profiles of the strains, including a previously undescribed plasmid with homology to the pMT virulence plasmid of Yersinia pestis. In addition, multiphenotype analysis showed that 2009EL-2071 possessed higher resistance to polymyxin and membrane-disrupting agents. Finally, we show evidence by electron microscopy of the presence of a common phage morphotype among the European and Georgian strains and a second phage morphotype among the Georgian strains. The presence of at least two stx2 phage genotypes in host genetic backgrounds that may derive from a recent common ancestor of the 2011 outbreak isolates indicates that the emergence of stx2 phage-containing E. coli O104: H4 strains probably occurred more than once, or that the current outbreak isolates may be the result of a recent transfer of a new stx2 phage element into a pre-existing stx2-positive genetic background. C1 [Broomall, Stacey; Hubbard, Kyle; Insalaco, Joseph; Krepps, Michael; McNew, Lauren A.; Rosenzweig, C. Nicole; Gibbons, Henry S.] USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Ahmed, Sanaa A.; Chain, Patrick S. G.; Chertkov, Olga; Davenport, Karen; Detter, J. Chris; Erkkila, Tracy H.; Gleasner, Cheryl; Hill, Karen K.; Johnson, Shannon; Lo, Chien-Chi; Munk, Christine A.; Reitenga, Krista G.; Shen, Xiaohong; Teshima, Hazuki; Xie, Gary] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Awosika, Joy; Bishop-Lilly, Kimberly A.; Biswas, Biswajit; Frey, Kenneth G.; George, Matroner; Henry, Matthew; Truong Luu; Patel, Mohit; Verratti, Kathleen; Sozhamannan, Shanmuga] USN, Med Res Ctr, Frederick, MD USA. [Awosika, Joy; Bishop-Lilly, Kimberly A.; Biswas, Biswajit; Frey, Kenneth G.; George, Matroner; Henry, Matthew; Truong Luu; Patel, Mohit; Verratti, Kathleen; Sozhamannan, Shanmuga] Henry M Jackson Fdn Mil Med, Frederick, MD USA. [Baldwin, Carson; Coyne, Susan; Dorman, William; Minogue, Timothy; Shea, April; Wolcott, Mark] USA, Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. [Chokoshvili, Otar] Natl Ctr Dis Control & Publ Hlth, S Caucasus Field Epidemiol & Lab Training Program, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Folster, Jason P.; Strockbine, Nancy; Tarr, Cheryl] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hubbard, Kyle; Krepps, Michael] Excet Inc, Springfield, VA USA. [Insalaco, Joseph] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Abingdon, MD USA. [Kitzmiller, Aaron; Osborne, Brian] BioTeam Inc, Middleton, MA USA. [Shea, April] Team Keaki Tech, Frederick, MD USA. [van Gieson, Eric] Def Threat Reduct Agcy, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Gibbons, HS (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM henry.s.gibbons.civ@mail.mil RI chain, patrick/B-9777-2013; OI Johnson, Shannon/0000-0002-3972-9208; Chain, Patrick/0000-0003-3949-3634; xie, gary/0000-0002-9176-924X FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [CB2847, IB06RSQ002] FX The work presented here was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (www.dtra.mil) Transformational Medical Technologies program under project numbers CB2847 to HSG and CNR; IB06RSQ002 to SS; and to JCD. The funding agency participated in the formation of the consortium but did not impact the collection of data, analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 90 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 36 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 1 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e48228 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0048228 PG 22 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 030WR UT WOS:000310601300006 PM 23133618 ER PT J AU Johnson, BJ Leska, IA Medina, A Dyson, NF Nasir, M Melde, BJ Taft, JR Charles, PT AF Johnson, Brandy J. Leska, Iwona A. Medina, Alejandro Dyson, Norris F. Nasir, Mansoor Melde, Brian J. Taft, Jenna R. Charles, Paul T. TI Toward In Situ Monitoring of Water Contamination by Nitroenergetic Compounds SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE perchlorate; RDX; 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene; periodic mesoporous organosilica; electrochemical; solid phase extraction ID ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY; SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; SILICATE MATERIALS; SENSOR; TNT; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE; EXPLOSIVES; EXTRACTION; SOIL AB We have previously described the application of novel porous organosilicate materials to the preconcentration of nitroenergetic targets from aqueous solution prior to HPLC analysis. The performance of the sorbents and the advantages of these types of materials over commercially available solid phase extraction sorbents have been demonstrated. Here, the development of systems for application of those sorbents to in situ monitoring is described. Considerations such as column pressure, particulate filtration, and component durability are discussed. The diameter of selected column housings, the sorbent bed depth, and the frits utilized significantly impact the utility of the sorbent columns in the prototype system. The impact of and necessity for improvements in the morphological characteristics of the sorbents as they relate to reduction in column pressure are detailed. The results of experiments utilizing a prototype system are presented. Data demonstrating feasibility for use of the sorbents in preconcentration prior to ion mobility spectrometry is also presented. C1 [Johnson, Brandy J.; Melde, Brian J.; Charles, Paul T.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Leska, Iwona A.; Taft, Jenna R.] NOVA Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Medina, Alejandro] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Chem, Arecibo, PR 00613 USA. [Dyson, Norris F.] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Coll Engn, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. [Nasir, Mansoor] Lawrence Technol Univ, Southfield, MI 48075 USA. RP Johnson, BJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brandy.white@nrl.navy.mil; iwona.leska.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; anidem-ale@hotmail.com; nfdyson@ncat.edu; mnasir@ltu.edu; brian.melde@nrl.navy.mil; jennartaft@gmail.com; paul.charles@nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. DoD Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [ER-1604] FX The authors would like to thank Allen Hewitt of Hanover, NH and Matthew Malanoski of Fulton, MD for providing the ground water samples utilized in these experiments. This research was sponsored by the U.S. DoD Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP; ER-1604). We applied the "sequence-determines-credit" (SDC) approach for determining the sequence of authors [32]. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 20 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD NOV PY 2012 VL 12 IS 11 BP 14953 EP 14967 DI 10.3390/s121114953 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 041VO UT WOS:000311429500038 PM 23202195 ER PT J AU Wang, YM AF Wang, Y. -M. TI Semiempirical Models of the Slow and Fast Solar Wind SO SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Solar wind; Coronal holes; Coronal streamers ID FLUX-TUBE DIVERGENCE; POLAR CORONAL HOLE; MAGNETIC-FIELD; HELIUM ABUNDANCE; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE; NETWORK ACTIVITY; STREAMER BLOBS; PLUMES; SPEED; ACCELERATION AB Coronal holes can produce several types of solar wind with a variety of compositional properties, depending on the location and strength of the heating along their open magnetic field lines. High-speed wind is associated with (relatively) slowly diverging flux tubes rooted in the interiors of large holes with weak, uniform footpoint fields; heating is spread over a large radial distance, so that most of the energy is conducted outward and goes into accelerating the wind rather than increasing the mass flux. In the rapidly diverging open fields present at coronal hole boundaries and around active regions, the heating is concentrated at low heights and the temperature maximum is located near the coronal base, resulting in high oxygen freezing-in temperatures and low asymptotic wind speeds. Polar plumes have a strong additional source of heating at their bases, which generates a large downward conductive flux, raising the densities and enhancing the radiative losses. The relative constancy of the solar wind mass flux at Earth reflects the tendency for the heating rate in coronal holes to increase monotonically with the footpoint field strength, with very high mass fluxes at the Sun offsetting the enormous flux-tube expansion in active region holes. Although coronal holes are its main source, slow wind is also released continually from helmet streamer loops by reconnection processes, giving rise to plasma blobs (small flux ropes) and the heliospheric plasma sheet. C1 USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wang, YM (reprint author), USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Code 7672W, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM yi.wang@nrl.navy.mil FU NASA; Office of Naval Research FX I am indebted to N.R. Sheeley Jr. and R. Grappin for their long-standing collaboration, and also thank M. Velli for inviting me to participate in the ISSI Workshop on Coronal Heating and Solar Wind Acceleration. This work was supported by NASA and the Office of Naval Research. NR 85 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-6308 EI 1572-9672 J9 SPACE SCI REV JI Space Sci. Rev. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 172 IS 1-4 BP 123 EP 143 DI 10.1007/s11214-010-9733-0 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 034MJ UT WOS:000310877300008 ER PT J AU Henderson, WA Seo, DM Zhou, Q Boyle, PD Shin, JH De Long, HC Trulove, PC Passerini, S AF Henderson, Wesley A. Seo, Daniel M. Zhou, Qian Boyle, Paul D. Shin, Joon-Ho De Long, Hugh C. Trulove, Paul C. Passerini, Stefano TI An Alternative Ionic Conductivity Mechanism for Plastic Crystalline Salt-Lithium Salt Electrolyte Mixtures SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE batteries; charge transport; doping; structure-property relationships ID LIQUID-LIX MIXTURES; SOLID-STATE; PHASE-BEHAVIOR; TFSI-ANIONS; CONFORMATIONAL ISOMERISM; PYRROLIDINIUM CATIONS; RUBBERY ELECTROLYTES; POLYMER ELECTROLYTES; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; PYRAZOLIUM IMIDES AB The phase behavior and ionic conductivity of tetraethylammonium bis(trifluoromethane-sulfonyl)imide (Et4NTFSI) salt mixtures with LiTFSI have been examined. In addition, the phase behavior and crystal structure of neat LiTFSI is also reported. Two (1-x) Et4NTFSI-(x) LiTFSI (x = 0.50 and 0.67, where x is the mol fraction) mixed-salt crystalline phases form. Large variations in ionic conductivity are observed; these are attributed to solid-solid phase transitions of the neat Et4NTFSI salt creating disordered plastic crystalline phases and the formation of a low-melting eutectic composition between the neat Et4NTFSI salt and the 1/1 Et4NTFSI/LiTFSI (x = 0.50) phase. Although Et4NTFSI and LiTFSI melt at 102 and 234 degrees C, respectively, the two salts form a eutectic system with a melting temperature of 32 degrees C. Based upon the findings reported, a new conductivity mechanism is proposed for plastic crystalline salt-lithium salt electrolytes which is not ascribed to solid-state diffusion/conduction. C1 [Henderson, Wesley A.; Seo, Daniel M.; Zhou, Qian] N Carolina State Univ, Ion Liquids & Electrolytes Energy Technol ILEET L, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Boyle, Paul D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Xray Struct Facil, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Shin, Joon-Ho] ENEA Italian Natl Agcy New Technol Energy & Envir, Casaccia Res Ctr, I-00060 Rome, Italy. [De Long, Hugh C.] AF Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Trulove, Paul C.] USN, Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Passerini, Stefano] Univ Munster, Ctr & Inst Phys Chem, D-48149 Munster, Germany. RP Henderson, WA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Ion Liquids & Electrolytes Energy Technol ILEET L, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM whender@ncsu.edu OI Passerini, Stefano/0000-0002-6606-5304 FU National Science Foundation [0202620]; Italian Foreign Ministry; Italian Ministry of University Research (MURST); U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research; U.S. Army Research Office (ARO) [W911NF-07-1-0556] FX W.A.H. and J.-H.S. are indebted to the National Science Foundation (International Research Fellowship Program 0202620) and Italian Foreign Ministry, respectively, for fellowship awards. The financial support of the Italian Ministry of University Research (MURST), the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the U.S. Army Research Office (ARO) (Contract Grant Number W911NF-07-1-0556) is also kindly acknowledged. Any opinions, finding, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation, U.S. Air Force or U.S. Army. NR 47 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 81 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1614-6832 J9 ADV ENERGY MATER JI Adv. Energy Mater. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 2 IS 11 BP 1343 EP 1350 DI 10.1002/aenm.201200130 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 031YJ UT WOS:000310678300008 ER PT J AU Emslie, AG Dennis, BR Shih, AY Chamberlin, PC Mewaldt, RA Moore, CS Share, GH Vourlidas, A Welsch, BT AF Emslie, A. G. Dennis, B. R. Shih, A. Y. Chamberlin, P. C. Mewaldt, R. A. Moore, C. S. Share, G. H. Vourlidas, A. Welsch, B. T. TI GLOBAL ENERGETICS OF THIRTY-EIGHT LARGE SOLAR ERUPTIVE EVENTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: activity; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: flares; Sun: particle emission; Sun: X-rays, gamma rays ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; 20 JANUARY 2005; ADVANCED COMPOSITION EXPLORER; FREE FIELD EXTRAPOLATIONS; GROUND-LEVEL EVENTS; X-RAY IMAGER; FORCE-FREE; GAMMA-RAY; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; INTERPLANETARY MEDIUM AB We have evaluated the energetics of 38 solar eruptive events observed by a variety of spacecraft instruments between 2002 February and 2006 December, as accurately as the observations allow. The measured energetic components include: (1) the radiated energy in the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 1-8 angstrom band, (2) the total energy radiated from the soft X-ray (SXR) emitting plasma, (3) the peak energy in the SXR-emitting plasma, (4) the bolometric radiated energy over the full duration of the event, (5) the energy in flare-accelerated electrons above 20 keV and in flare-accelerated ions above 1MeV, (6) the kinetic and potential energies of the coronal mass ejection (CME), (7) the energy in solar energetic particles (SEPs) observed in interplanetary space, and (8) the amount of free (non-potential) magnetic energy estimated to be available in the pertinent active region. Major conclusions include: (1) the energy radiated by the SXR-emitting plasma exceeds, by about half an order of magnitude, the peak energy content of the thermal plasma that produces this radiation; (2) the energy content in flare-accelerated electrons and ions is sufficient to supply the bolometric energy radiated across all wavelengths throughout the event; (3) the energy contents of flare-accelerated electrons and ions are comparable; (4) the energy in SEPs is typically a few percent of the CME kinetic energy (measured in the rest frame of the solar wind); and (5) the available magnetic energy is sufficient to power the CME, the flare-accelerated particles, and the hot thermal plasma. C1 [Emslie, A. G.] Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. [Dennis, B. R.; Shih, A. Y.; Chamberlin, P. C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Mewaldt, R. A.] CALTECH, Space Radiat Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Moore, C. S.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Share, G. H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Vourlidas, A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Welsch, B. T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Emslie, AG (reprint author), Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. EM emslieg@wku.edu; brian.r.dennis@nasa.gov; albert.y.shih@nasa.gov; phillip.c.chamberlin@nasa.gov; rmewaldt@srl.caltech.edu; christopher.moore-1@colorado.edu; share@astro.umd.edu; vourlidas@nrl.navy.mil; welsch@ssl.berkeley.edu RI Chamberlin, Phillip/C-9531-2012; Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009 OI Chamberlin, Phillip/0000-0003-4372-7405; Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948 FU NASA [NNX10AT78J, NNX08AI11G, NNX11AO75G]; NASA FX We thank Gordon Holman, Richard Schwartz, and Kim Tolbert for help with analyzing the GOES and RHESSI data, and Anil Gopie for doing most of the GOES data analysis. We also thank the referee for an unusually comprehensive and thorough review of the originally submitted version of this manuscript, which resulted in a significantly improved paper. A.G.E. was supported by NASA Grant NNX10AT78J, R.A.M. by NASA Grants NNX08AI11G and NNX11AO75G, and A.V. by various NASA grants to the Naval Research Laboratory. SOHO is a joint ESA and NASA mission. CHIANTI is a collaborative project involving researchers at NRL (USA), RAL (UK), and the Universities of Cambridge (UK), George Mason (USA), and Florence (Italy). NR 97 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2012 VL 759 IS 1 AR 71 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/759/1/71 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 030JL UT WOS:000310566900071 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Albert, A Allafort, A Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Bissaldi, E Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bogart, JR Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bottacini, E Bouvier, A Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Burnett, TH Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Celik, O Charles, E Chaves, RCG Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Corbet, R Cutini, S D'Ammando, F Davis, DS de Angelis, A DeKlotz, M de Palma, F Dermer, CD Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Dubois, R Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Focke, WB Fortin, P Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grove, JE Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Hayashida, M Hays, E Horan, D Hou, X Hughes, RE Jackson, MS Jogler, T Johannesson, G Johnson, RP Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Larsson, S Latronico, L Lavalley, C Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Mazziotta, MN McConville, W McEnery, JE Mehault, J Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Naumann-Godo, M Nemmen, R Nishino, S Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orienti, M Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Panetta, JH Perkins, JS Pesce-Rollins, M Pierbattista, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Racusin, JL Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Reyes, LC Ritz, S Rochester, LS Romoli, C Roth, M Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, DA Parkinson, PMS Sbarra, C Scargle, JD Sgro, C Siegal-Gaskins, J Siskind, EJ Spandre, G Spinelli, P Stephens, TE Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JG Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Tosti, G Troja, E Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Van Klaveren, B Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vitale, V Waite, AP Wallace, E Winer, BL Wood, DL Wood, KS Wood, M Yang, Z Zimmer, S AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Albert, A. Allafort, A. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bogart, J. R. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bottacini, E. Bouvier, A. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Burnett, T. H. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Celik, O. Charles, E. Chaves, R. C. G. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Corbet, R. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. Davis, D. S. de Angelis, A. DeKlotz, M. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Dubois, R. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Focke, W. B. Fortin, P. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grove, J. E. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Horan, D. Hou, X. Hughes, R. E. Jackson, M. S. Jogler, T. Johannesson, G. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Lavalley, C. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Mazziotta, M. N. McConville, W. McEnery, J. E. Mehault, J. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Naumann-Godo, M. Nemmen, R. Nishino, S. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orienti, M. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Perkins, J. S. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Racusin, J. L. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Reyes, L. C. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Romoli, C. Roth, M. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sbarra, C. Scargle, J. D. Sgro, C. Siegal-Gaskins, J. Siskind, E. J. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stephens, T. E. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Van Klaveren, B. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wallace, E. Winer, B. L. Wood, D. L. Wood, K. S. Wood, M. Yang, Z. Zimmer, S. TI THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE ON ORBIT: EVENT CLASSIFICATION, INSTRUMENT RESPONSE FUNCTIONS, AND CALIBRATION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE instrumentation: detectors; instrumentation: miscellaneous; methods: data analysis; methods: observational; telescopes ID GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; SPACE-TELESCOPE; LAT OBSERVATIONS; SOURCE CATALOG; VELA PULSAR; MISSION; TESTS; EGRET AB The Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT, hereafter LAT), the primary instrument on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi) mission, is an imaging, wide field-of-view, high-energy gamma-ray telescope, covering the energy range from 20 MeV to more than 300 GeV. During the first years of the mission, the LAT team has gained considerable insight into the in-flight performance of the instrument. Accordingly, we have updated the analysis used to reduce LAT data for public release as well as the instrument response functions (IRFs), the description of the instrument performance provided for data analysis. In this paper, we describe the effects that motivated these updates. Furthermore, we discuss how we originally derived IRFs from Monte Carlo simulations and later corrected those IRFs for discrepancies observed between flight and simulated data. We also give details of the validations performed using flight data and quantify the residual uncertainties in the IRFs. Finally, we describe techniques the LAT team has developed to propagate those uncertainties into estimates of the systematic errors on common measurements such as fluxes and spectra of astrophysical sources. C1 [Ackermann, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bogart, J. R.; Borgland, A. W.; Bottacini, E.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Jogler, T.; Kamae, T.; Kerr, M.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Van Klaveren, B.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bogart, J. R.; Borgland, A. W.; Bottacini, E.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Jogler, T.; Kamae, T.; Kerr, M.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Van Klaveren, B.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Albert, A.; Hughes, R. E.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Bouvier, A.; Johnson, R. P.; Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Bouvier, A.; Johnson, R. P.; Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.; Larsson, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; Jackson, M. S.; Larsson, S.; Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Jackson, M. S.] AlbaNova, Dept Phys, Royal Inst Technol KTH, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Chaves, R. C. G.; Grenier, I. A.; Naumann-Godo, M.; Pierbattista, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CNRS, CEA,IRFU,Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.; Sbarra, C.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Pivato, G.; Rando, R.; Romoli, C.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.; Tinivella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bissaldi, E.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Bissaldi, E.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; D'Ammando, F.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brandt, T. J.; Celik, O.; Corbet, R.; Davis, D. S.; Ferrara, E. C.; Gehrels, N.; Guiriec, S.; Hays, E.; McConville, W.; McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.; Nemmen, R.; Perkins, J. S.; Racusin, J. L.; Stephens, T. E.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.; Giebels, B.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Roth, M.; Wallace, E.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caliandro, G. A.; Hadasch, D.] CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai IEEE, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [Celik, O.; Moiseev, A. A.; Perkins, J. S.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, O.; Corbet, R.; Davis, D. S.; Perkins, J. S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Celik, O.; Corbet, R.; Davis, D. S.; Perkins, J. S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Chekhtman, A.; Razzaque, S.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cheung, C. C.; Johnson, T. J.] Natl Acad Sci, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Lavalley, C.; Mehault, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, F-34095 Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.; Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [D'Ammando, F.] IASF Palermo, I-90146 Palermo, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [DeKlotz, M.] Stellar Solut Inc, Palo Alto, CA 94306 USA. [Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Nishino, S.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Giroletti, M.; Orienti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Hayashida, M.] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Hou, X.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Reposeur, T.] Univ Bordeaux 1, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, IN2P3, CNRS, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Katagiri, H.] Ibaraki Univ, Coll Sci, Mito, Ibaraki 3108512, Japan. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.] IRAP, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knoedlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, GAHEC, UPS OMP, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse, France. [Latronico, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [McConville, W.; McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McConville, W.; McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Phys, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Ohno, M.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Okumura, A.; Tajima, H.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Perkins, J. S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Reyes, L. C.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 USA. [Sanchez, D. A.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Div Space Sci, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siegal-Gaskins, J.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Stephens, T. E.] Wyle Labs, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Wood, D. L.] Praxis Inc, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA. RP Ackermann, M (reprint author), Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. EM luca.baldini@pi.infn.it; echarles@slac.stanford.edu; rando@pd.infn.it RI Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Racusin, Judith/D-2935-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Nemmen, Rodrigo/O-6841-2014; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015 OI Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; orienti, monica/0000-0003-4470-7094; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Stephens, Thomas/0000-0003-3065-6871; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Zimmer, Stephan/0000-0002-5735-0082; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036 FU K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; European Community [ERC-StG-259391]; Commonwealth Government FX Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research Fellow, funded by a grant from the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation.; Funded by contract ERC-StG-259391 from the European Community.; The Parkes radio telescope is part of the Australia Telescope, which is funded by the Commonwealth Government for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO. We thank our colleagues for their assistance with the radio timing observations. NR 52 TC 214 Z9 214 U1 5 U2 23 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 203 IS 1 AR 4 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/203/1/4 PG 70 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 034YH UT WOS:000310908300004 ER PT J AU Johnson, CA Kleshchenko, YY Lkejiani, AO Udoko, AN Cardenas, TC Pratap, S Duquette, M Lima, MF Lawler, J Villalta, F Nde, PN AF Johnson, Candice A. Kleshchenko, Yulia Y. Lkejiani, Adaeze O. Udoko, Aniekanabasi N. Cardenas, Tatiana C. Pratap, Siddharth Duquette, Mark Lima, Maria F. Lawler, Jack Villalta, Fernando Nde, Pius N. TI Trypanosoma cruzi surface calreticulin interactswith Thrombospondin-1 to enhance infection SO GLYCOBIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Meeting of the Society-for-Glycobiology and American-Society-for-Matrix-Biology CY NOV 11-14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP Soc Glycobiol, Amer Soc Matrix Biol C1 [Johnson, Candice A.; Lkejiani, Adaeze O.; Udoko, Aniekanabasi N.; Cardenas, Tatiana C.; Pratap, Siddharth; Lima, Maria F.; Villalta, Fernando; Nde, Pius N.] Meharry Med Coll, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. [Kleshchenko, Yulia Y.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Dept Malaria, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Duquette, Mark; Lawler, Jack] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0959-6658 J9 GLYCOBIOLOGY JI Glycobiology PD NOV PY 2012 VL 22 IS 11 BP 1639 EP 1639 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 027QS UT WOS:000310368700360 ER PT J AU Tokmakian, R Challenor, P Andrianakis, Y AF Tokmakian, Robin Challenor, Peter Andrianakis, Yiannis TI On the Use of Emulators with Extreme and Highly Nonlinear Geophysical Simulators SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; CLIMATE MODEL; ENSEMBLE; UNCERTAINTIES; CIRCULATION; SENSITIVITY; CALIBRATION AB Gaussian process emulators are a powerful tool for understanding complex geophysical simulators, including oceanic and atmospheric general circulation models. Concern has been raised about their ability to emulate complex nonlinear systems. For the first time, using the simple Stommel model, the way in which emulators can reasonably represent the full sampling space of an extreme nonlinear, bimodal system is illustrated. This simple example also shows how an emulator can help to elucidate interactions between parameters. The ideas are further illustrated with a second, more realistic, intermediate complex climate simulator. The paper describes what is meant by an emulator, the methodology of emulators, how emulators can be assessed, and why they are useful. It is shown how simple emulators can be useful to explore the parameter space (initial conditions, process parameters, and boundary conditions) of complex computer simulators, such as ocean and climate general circulation models, even when simulator outcomes contain steps in the response. C1 [Tokmakian, Robin] USN, Dept Oceanog, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Challenor, Peter; Andrianakis, Yiannis] Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton, Hants, England. RP Tokmakian, R (reprint author), USN, Dept Oceanog, Postgrad Sch, Rm 328,Bldg 232, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM rtt@nps.edu RI Challenor, Peter/M-2579-2016 OI Challenor, Peter/0000-0001-8661-2718 FU NSF [0851065] FX David Stevens prompted us to justify that emulators can be used in either bimodal or bifurcation-type problems. We thank the Isaac Newton Institute of Mathematical Sciences at the University of Cambridge for allowing us to spend time at the institute where this research was completed. J. Rougier provided helpful comments for improving the manuscript. This work was also completed with funding under NSF Grant 0851065. Jim Price is thanked for making his Stommel (1961) model Mat lab code (public domain software) available. We thank Doug McNeal for the GENIE data used in the second example. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their time and helpful suggestions. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 29 IS 11 BP 1704 EP 1715 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-11-00110.1 PG 12 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 036WZ UT WOS:000311064300010 ER PT J AU Elder, GA Dorr, NP De Gasperi, R Sosa, MAG Shaughness, MC Maudlin-Jeronimo, E Hall, AA McCarron, RM Ahlers, ST AF Elder, Gregory A. Dorr, Nathan P. De Gasperi, Rita Sosa, Miguel A. Gama Shaughness, Michael C. Maudlin-Jeronimo, Eric Hall, Aaron A. McCarron, Richard M. Ahlers, Stephen T. TI Blast Exposure Induces Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder-Related Traits in a Rat Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Article DE blast; PTSD; rat; stathmin 1; TBI ID STARTLE RESPONSE; INTRACRANIAL-PRESSURE; BEHAVIORAL CRITERIA; VIETNAM VETERANS; SERUM BIOMARKER; WAR VETERANS; MOUSE MODEL; MICE; OVERPRESSURE; PATHOLOGY AB Blast related traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been a major cause of injury in the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. A striking feature of the mild TBI (mTBI) cases has been the prominent association with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, because of the overlapping symptoms, distinction between the two disorders has been difficult. We studied a rat model of mTBI in which adult male rats were exposed to repetitive blast injury while under anesthesia. Blast exposure induced a variety of PTSD-related behavioral traits that were present many months after the blast exposure, including increased anxiety, enhanced contextual fear conditioning, and an altered response in a predator scent assay. We also found elevation in the amygdala of the protein stathmin 1, which is known to influence the generation of fear responses. Because the blast overpressure injuries occurred while animals were under general anesthesia, our results suggest that a blast-related mTBI exposure can, in the absence of any psychological stressor, induce PTSD-related traits that are chronic and persistent. These studies have implications for understanding the relationship of PTSD to mTBI in the population of veterans returning from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. C1 [Elder, Gregory A.] James J Peters Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurol Serv, Bronx, NY USA. [De Gasperi, Rita; Sosa, Miguel A. Gama] James J Peters Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res & Dev Serv, Bronx, NY USA. [Elder, Gregory A.; Dorr, Nathan P.; De Gasperi, Rita; Sosa, Miguel A. Gama] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. [Elder, Gregory A.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Neurol, New York, NY USA. [Shaughness, Michael C.; Maudlin-Jeronimo, Eric; Hall, Aaron A.; McCarron, Richard M.; Ahlers, Stephen T.] USN, Dept Neurotrauma, Operat & Undersea Med Directorate, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Elder, Gregory A.; De Gasperi, Rita; Sosa, Miguel A. Gama] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Friedman Brain Inst, New York, NY USA. RP Elder, GA (reprint author), James J Peters VA Med Ctr, Neurol Serv 3E16, 130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. EM gregory.elder@va.gov FU Department of Veterans Affairs [1I01RX000179-01] FX This work was supported by grant 1I01RX000179-01 from the Department of Veterans Affairs. NR 54 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 2 U2 24 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD NOV PY 2012 VL 29 IS 16 BP 2564 EP 2575 DI 10.1089/neu.2012.2510 PG 12 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 035CS UT WOS:000310920900005 PM 22780833 ER PT J AU Statnikov, R Matusov, J Statnikov, A AF Statnikov, Roman Matusov, Josef Statnikov, Alexander TI Multicriteria Engineering Optimization Problems: Statement, Solution and Applications SO JOURNAL OF OPTIMIZATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Feasible solution set; Visualization tools; PSI method; MOVI software; Uniformly distributed sequences ID SEQUENCES; SET AB The majority of engineering optimization problems (design, identification, design of controlled systems, optimization of large-scale systems, operational development of prototypes, and so on) are essentially multicriteria. The correct determination of the feasible solution set is a major challenge in engineering optimization problems. In order to construct the feasible solution set, a method called PSI (Parameter Space Investigation) has been created and successfully integrated into various fields of industry, science, and technology. Owing to the PSI method, it has become possible to formulate and solve a wide range of multicriteria optimization problems. In addition to giving an overview of the PSI method, this paper also describes the methods for approximation of the feasible and Pareto optimal solution sets, identification, decomposition, and aggregation of the large-scale systems. C1 [Statnikov, Alexander] NYU, Ctr Hlth Informat & Bioinformat, Langone Med Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Statnikov, Roman; Matusov, Josef] Russian Acad Sci, Mech Engn Res Inst, Moscow 101830, Russia. [Statnikov, Roman] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Informat Sci, Monterey, CA USA. RP Statnikov, A (reprint author), NYU, Ctr Hlth Informat & Bioinformat, Langone Med Ctr, 227 E30th St,7th Floor,Off 736, New York, NY 10016 USA. EM rstatnik@yahoo.com; matusoff.1@yandex.ru; Alexander.Statnikov@med.nyu.edu NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-3239 J9 J OPTIMIZ THEORY APP JI J. Optim. Theory Appl. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 155 IS 2 BP 355 EP 375 DI 10.1007/s10957-012-0083-9 PG 21 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA 035SJ UT WOS:000310968500001 ER PT J AU Evans, KN Forsberg, JA Potter, BK Hawksworth, JS Brown, TS Andersen, R Dunne, JR Tadaki, D Elster, EA AF Evans, Korboi N. Forsberg, Jonathan A. Potter, Benjamin K. Hawksworth, Jason S. Brown, Trevor S. Andersen, Romney Dunne, James R. Tadaki, Douglas Elster, Eric A. TI Inflammatory Cytokine and Chemokine Expression is Associated With Heterotopic Ossification in High-Energy Penetrating War Injuries SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA LA English DT Article DE inflammatory cytokines and chemokines; heterotopic ossification; high energy way injuries ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; BONE-FORMATION; RISK-FACTORS; SPINAL-CORD; DIFFERENTIATION; OSTEOBLASTS; PREVALENCE; CELLS; INTERLEUKIN-6; INDOMETHACIN AB Objective: Heterotopic ossification (HO) develops frequently after modern high-energy penetrating war injuries. The purpose of this prospective study was to identify and characterize the unique cytokine and chemokine profile associated with the development of HO as it pertained to the systemic inflammatory response after penetrating combat-related trauma. Methods: Patients with high-energy penetrating extremity wounds were prospectively enrolled. Surgical debridement along with the use of a pulse lavage and vacuum-assisted-closure device was performed every 48-72 hours until definitive wound closure. Wound bed tissue biopsy, wound effluent, and serum were collected before each debridement. Effluent and serum were analyzed for 22 relevant cytokines and chemokines. Tissue was analyzed quantitatively for bacterial colonization. Correlations between specific wound and patient characteristics were also analyzed. The primary clinical outcome measure was the formation of HO as confirmed by radiographs at a minimum of 2 months of follow-up. Results: Thirty-six penetrating extremity war wounds in 24 patients were investigated. The observed rate of HO in the study population was 38%. Of the 36 wounds, 13 (36%) demonstrated HO at a minimum follow-up of 2 months. An elevated injury severity score was associated with the development of HO (P = 0.006). Wound characteristics that correlated with the development of HO included impaired healing (P = 0.005) and bacterial colonization (P < 0.001). Both serum (interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and MCP-1) and wound effluent (IP-10 and MIP-1 alpha) cytokine and chemokine bioprofiles were individually associated and suggestive of the development of HO (P < 0.05). Conclusions: A severe systemic and wound-specific inflammatory state as evident by elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, elevated injury severity score, and bacterial wound colonization is associated with the development of HO. These findings suggest that the development of HO in traumatic combat-related wounds is associated with a hyper-inflammatory systemic response to injury. C1 [Evans, Korboi N.; Hawksworth, Jason S.; Elster, Eric A.] USN, Regenerat Med Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Evans, Korboi N.; Forsberg, Jonathan A.; Potter, Benjamin K.; Brown, Trevor S.; Andersen, Romney; Tadaki, Douglas] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Integrated Dept Orthoped & Rehabil, Bethesda, MD USA. [Evans, Korboi N.; Forsberg, Jonathan A.; Potter, Benjamin K.; Andersen, Romney; Dunne, James R.; Elster, Eric A.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Hawksworth, Jason S.; Dunne, James R.; Elster, Eric A.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Integrated Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Elster, EA (reprint author), USN, Regenerat Med Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM eric.elster@med.navy.mil RI Brown, Trevor/K-4703-2012; Brown, Trevor/F-7392-2015; OI Brown, Trevor/0000-0001-7042-785X; Brown, Trevor/0000-0001-7042-785X; Potter, MD, Benjamin K./0000-0002-8771-0317 FU US Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery under the Medical Development Program [PE 0604771N]; [601153N.4508.5180.A0508] FX Supported by the US Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery under the Medical Development Program (PE 0604771N). This work was funded by work unit number: 601153N.4508.5180.A0508 and approved by the National Naval Medical Center Institutional Review Board in compliance with all Federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects. The NNMC IRB number is NNMC>2005.0069, and the protocol title is "The Use of Vacuum Assisted Wound Closure Device in treating Extremity Wounds." NR 39 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 14 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0890-5339 J9 J ORTHOP TRAUMA JI J. Orthop. Trauma PD NOV PY 2012 VL 26 IS 11 BP E204 EP E213 DI 10.1097/BOT.0b013e31825d60a5 PG 10 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 028WR UT WOS:000310456200002 PM 22588530 ER PT J AU Rosenthal, MD Rainey, CE Tognoni, A Worms, R AF Rosenthal, Michael D. Rainey, Charles E. Tognoni, Angela Worms, Robert TI Evaluation and management of posterior cruciate ligament injuries SO PHYSICAL THERAPY IN SPORT LA English DT Article DE Knee injuries; Posterior cruciate ligament; Rehabilitation; Review ID PCL-DEFICIENT KNEE; TERM-FOLLOW-UP; STRESS RADIOGRAPHY; CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT; KT-1000 ARTHROMETER; RECURVATUM TEST; SINGLE-BUNDLE; REHABILITATION; RECONSTRUCTION; LAXITY AB Background: Posterior cruciate ligament injuries are increasingly recognized, the result of various sports activities, and while most athletes return to sports the development degenerative joint changes is common. Objective: To provide a synopsis of the current best evidence regarding the recognition and treatment of posterior cruciate ligament injuries. Design: Structured narrative review. Methods: Keyword search of Medline. CINAHL, and PEDro databases for studies published in English from January 1975 to July 2011. Additionally, the reference lists from articles obtained were manually searched for relevant literature. Summary: The manuscript provides an overview of posterior cruciate ligament injury, discusses diagnostic methods to include radiographic examination techniques, and presents information on surgical and conservative management of PCL injuries. Conclusion: Understanding the mechanism of injuries and most effective examination methods can aide in effective early recognition of PCL injuries. Appropriate management of the patient with PCL deficiency or reconstructed knee will optimize outcomes and potentially affect long term knee function. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rosenthal, Michael D.] USN, Med Ctr, PT Dept, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Rosenthal, Michael D.] Rocky Mt Univ Hlth Profess, Provo, UT USA. RP Rosenthal, MD (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, PT Dept, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM mikerosenthal@ymail.com; Charles.rainey@med.navy.mil; Angela.tognoni@med.navy.mil; Robert.worms@med.navy.mil NR 103 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 31 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 1466-853X J9 PHYS THER SPORT JI Phys. Ther. Sport PD NOV PY 2012 VL 13 IS 4 BP 196 EP 208 DI 10.1016/j.ptsp.2012.03.016 PG 13 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 034GX UT WOS:000310862000002 PM 23068893 ER PT J AU Wacey, D Menon, S Green, L Gerstmann, D Kong, C Mcloughlin, N Saunders, M Brasier, M AF Wacey, David Menon, Sarath Green, Leonard Gerstmann, Derek Kong, Charlie Mcloughlin, Nicola Saunders, Martin Brasier, Martin TI Taphonomy of very ancient microfossils from the similar to 3400 Ma Strelley Pool Formation and similar to 1900 Ma Gunflint Formation: New insights using a focused ion beam SO PRECAMBRIAN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE FIB; TEM; SEM; Nano-tomography, Microfossils; Early life ID PRECAMBRIAN MICROSCOPIC ORGANISMS; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; OLDEST PUTATIVE MICROFOSSILS; IN-SITU SILICIFICATION; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; RAMAN IMAGERY; STROMATOLITE REEF; PILBARA CRATON; APEX CHERT; EARLY-LIFE AB Focused ion beam (FIB) milling permits the accurate extraction of ultrathin (c. 100nm) cross sectional lamellae from microfossils found in geological thin sections. Subsequent TEM analysis of these lamellae can provide unique insights into the ultrastructure, chemistry and taphonomy of Precambrian microfossils at the micrometer to nanometer scale. Combining serial FIB milling with SEM imaging extends this capability to three dimensional (3D) tomographic reconstruction and visualization of Precambrian microfossils, revealing information not available in light microscopy. Here we apply these techniques to two iconic silicified microfossil assemblages, from the similar to 3400 Ma Strelley Pool Formation of Western Australia and the similar to 1900 Ma Gunflint Formation of Canada. All the examined microfossils have carbonaceous walls surrounded by pure silica. Impregnation of microfossil walls by nano-grains of silica is common, together with variable degrees of wall displacement and replacement by silica. All microfossils are rigidly preserved in 3D and show little or no folding or compression. However, there are also notable differences in taphonomic preservation. Our examples of the spheroidal Gunflint microfossil Huroniospora showed the highest fidelity of preservation with a continuous carbonaceous wall fossilized by spheroidal nano-silica grains that resemble those found on bacterial surfaces in modern silicifying hot-spring environments. The nucleation of these silica nano-spheres on the microfossil walls has induced an artificial 'saw-tooth-like' ridged wall texture that may subsequently hinder species-level identification. The Strelley Pool microfossils in comparison show a lower fidelity of preservation with small parts of the microfossil walls completely replaced by silica, plus extensive recrystallization of spheroidal silica nano-grains to angular micro-quartz. Our examples of the sheath-like filamentous Gunflint microfossil Siphonophycus showed the lowest fidelity of preservation with many gaps in the carbonaceous walls and significant redistribution of carbon by recrystallizing silica grains. A model is presented to explain these observations. Criteria for distinguishing highly probable microfossils from non-cellular carbonaceous microstructures (e.g., botryoids and grain coatings) using FIB-based imaging are put forward for the first time here, using examples drawn from the Strelley Pool Formation and comparisons with younger Gunflint material. The combined in situ techniques of FIB-TEM and FIB-SEM nano-tomography potentially provide a wealth of new nano-scale information regarding the biogenicity, antiquity and taphonomy of Precambrian microfossils. However, the destructive nature of both techniques makes their application to unique palaeontological specimens problematical. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wacey, David; Mcloughlin, Nicola] Univ Bergen, Dept Earth Sci, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. [Wacey, David; Mcloughlin, Nicola] Univ Bergen, Ctr Geobiol, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. [Wacey, David] Univ Western Australia, Ctr Microscopy Characterisat & Anal, Ctr Core Crust Fluid Syst, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Wacey, David] Univ Western Australia, Sch Earth & Environm, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Menon, Sarath] USN, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Green, Leonard] Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Gerstmann, Derek; Saunders, Martin] Univ Western Australia, Ctr Microscopy Characterisat & Anal, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Kong, Charlie] Univ New S Wales, Electron Microscopy Unit, Kingsford, NSW 2052, Australia. [Brasier, Martin] Univ Oxford, Dept Earth Sci, Oxford OX1 3AN, England. RP Wacey, D (reprint author), Univ Bergen, Dept Earth Sci, Allegaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. EM David.Wacey@geo.uib.no RI Wacey, David/D-4080-2011; Saunders, Martin/B-3082-2011 OI Wacey, David/0000-0002-7124-0701; Saunders, Martin/0000-0001-6873-7816 FU Natural Environment Research Council of the UK; St Edmund Hall Oxford FX The authors acknowledge the facilities, scientific and technical assistance of the Australian Microscopy & Microanalysis Research Facility at: Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia; Adelaide Microscopy, The University of Adelaide; Electron Microscopy Unit, The University of New South Wales. These facilities are funded by the Universities, State and Commonwealth Governments. DW and MS thank the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey for hosting them during FIB-SEM work. MDB thanks the Natural Environment Research Council of the UK, and St Edmund Hall Oxford, for grants in support of field and laboratory work. NR 63 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-9268 J9 PRECAMBRIAN RES JI Precambrian Res. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 220 BP 234 EP 250 DI 10.1016/j.precamres.2012.08.005 PG 17 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 037VG UT WOS:000311134000015 ER PT J AU Higgins, ST Silverman, K Sigmon, SC Naito, NA AF Higgins, Stephen T. Silverman, Kenneth Sigmon, Stacey C. Naito, Neal A. TI Incentives and health: An introduction SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS; METHADONE-MAINTENANCE PATIENTS; CONTINGENT REINFORCEMENT; COCAINE ABSTINENCE; DISCOUNTING PROCESSES; BEHAVIORAL-APPROACH; DRUG-USE; NEUROECONOMICS; METAANALYSIS; DETERMINANT C1 [Higgins, Stephen T.; Sigmon, Stacey C.] Univ Vermont, Dept Psychiat, Burlington, VT 05401 USA. [Higgins, Stephen T.; Sigmon, Stacey C.] Univ Vermont, Dept Psychol, Burlington, VT 05401 USA. [Silverman, Kenneth] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Naito, Neal A.] USN, Med Corps, Arlington, VA USA. [Naito, Neal A.] Pacific Inst Res & Evaluat, Calverton, MD USA. RP Higgins, ST (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Psychiat, Univ Hlth Ctr Campus,1 S Prospect St, Burlington, VT 05401 USA. EM Stephen.Higgins@UVM.edu OI Silverman, Kenneth/0000-0003-2724-1413 FU NIDA NIH HHS [R37 DA009378] NR 60 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD NOV 1 PY 2012 VL 55 SU 1 BP S2 EP S6 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.04.008 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 036VV UT WOS:000311061300002 PM 22554884 ER PT J AU Naito, NA Higgins, ST AF Naito, Neal A. Higgins, Stephen T. TI Controlling health care costs in the military: The case for using financial incentives to improve beneficiary personal health indicators SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Military personnel; Behavior and behavior mechanisms; Motivation; Preventive health services ID BEHAVIORAL-APPROACH; COCAINE ABSTINENCE AB Objective. To provide insight on the feasibility and utility of implementing a broad based incentive program for health within the Military Health System (MHS). Method. Published studies, articles, and information on the use of financial incentives in the military setting and to promote healthy behaviors were reviewed. Results. Health care costs in the MHS have more than doubled over the past decade. The high prevalence of modifiable risk behaviors such as tobacco abuse, physical inactivity and obesity and their associated chronic diseases are accounting for a significant percentage of the growth. One evidence-based approach to address this issue would be the implementation of a broad based incentive program for health whereby all MHS beneficiaries would be eligible to receive some type of financial remuneration for meeting positive personal health metrics (e.g. not smoking or a normal body mass index). This approach if designed appropriately has the potential to have a high level of acceptance within the current beneficiary population since financial incentives are already used widely in the military to help meet overall manpower requirements. Conclusion. The use of a MHS wide financial incentives program to instill healthy behaviors in beneficiaries' may be an effective means to curb rising healthcare cost. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Naito, Neal A.] USN, Med Corps, Arlington, VA USA. [Naito, Neal A.] Pacific Inst Res & Evaluat, Calverton, MD USA. [Higgins, Stephen T.] Univ Vermont, Dept Psychiat, Burlington, VT USA. [Higgins, Stephen T.] Univ Vermont, Dept Psychol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Naito, NA (reprint author), 11720 Beltsville Dr,Suite 900, Calverton, MD 20705 USA. EM naiton3@gmail.com NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD NOV 1 PY 2012 VL 55 SU 1 BP S113 EP S115 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.06.022 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 036VV UT WOS:000311061300017 PM 22766007 ER PT J AU Munday, D Heeb, N Gutmark, E Liu, JH Kailasanath, K AF Munday, David Heeb, Nick Gutmark, Ephraim Liu, Junhui Kailasanath, K. TI Acoustic Effect of Chevrons on Supersonic Jets Exiting Conical Convergent-Divergent Nozzles SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SHOCK-ASSOCIATED NOISE; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURES; MIXING LAYER; FIELD; TABS; FCT AB This paper describes a joint experimental and computational study of the flowfield and acoustics of conical convergent divergent nozzles such as those found on high-performance military aircraft. The influence of chevrons on a nozzle with an area ratio corresponding to a design Mach number of 1.5 (design pressure ratio of 3.67) is examined. The nozzle is tested at its design condition, at overexpanded conditions with pressure ratios of 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 and at underexpanded conditions with pressure ratios of 4.0, 4.5, and 5.0. Each case is compared to a baseline nozzle at the same condition without chevrons. Shadowgraph images show that chevrons reduce the shock cell spacing. Near-field acoustic measurements show that sources of broadband shock-associated noise move downstream when chevrons are applied. Near-field acoustics also reveal that, for supersonic jets, chevrons produce significant noise near the nozzle exit across the whole range of frequencies. Far-field acoustic measurements show that the application of chevrons reduces screech, broadband shock-associated noise, and mixing noise, except for frequencies above the broadband shock-associated noise peak for overexpanded and perfectly expanded conditions. C1 [Munday, David; Heeb, Nick; Gutmark, Ephraim] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45220 USA. [Kailasanath, K.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr React Flow & Dynam Syst, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Munday, D (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45220 USA. EM david.munday@uc.edu; heebns@mail.uc.edu; Ephraim.Gutmark@uc.edu; JHLiu@lcp.nrl.navy.mil; kailas@lcp.nrl.navy.mil FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program FX This work has been sponsored by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program. The authors gratefully thank Ravi Ramamurti from the Naval Research Laboratory and Rainald Lohner from George Mason University for their significant help with the computational code FEFLO. They would also like to thank Steve Martens from GE Global Research for his guidance and advice in the design of realistic test cases and general insights into nozzle flow and acoustics. NR 48 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 50 IS 11 BP 2336 EP 2350 DI 10.2514/I.J051337 PG 15 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 030GM UT WOS:000310559000005 ER PT J AU Lee, RL Samudio, OR AF Lee, Raymond L., Jr. Samudio, Orlando R. TI Spectral polarization of clear and hazy coastal skies SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SKY POLARIZATION; WAVELENGTH DEPENDENCE; IMAGING POLARIMETRY; SEVILLE SPAIN; SKYLIGHT; AEROSOLS; LIGHT; MODEL; SIMULATIONS; LUMINANCE AB Linear polarization of the clear daytime sky has often been measured as a spectrally integrated or quasi-monochromatic variable, but seldom as a spectral one. So we use a hyperspectral imaging system to measure skylight polarization at high spectral and angular resolutions for clear and hazy skies at our coastal site. The resulting polarization maps and spectra exhibit both commonalities and differences that seem unexplained by an existing polarized radiative transfer model. Comparing the measured polarization spectra with those predicted by aerosol single scattering suggests some basic verisimilitude tests for improving such models. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Lee, Raymond L., Jr.] USN Acad, Div Math & Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Lee, RL (reprint author), USN Acad, Div Math & Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM raylee@usna.edu FU United States National Science Foundation [AGS-0914535, AGS-0540896]; United States Naval Academy's Departments of Oceanography and Physics FX R. L. Lee was generously supported by United States National Science Foundation grants AGS-0914535 and AGS-0540896 and by the United States Naval Academy's Departments of Oceanography and Physics. Opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. NR 53 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 12 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD NOV 1 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 31 BP 7499 EP 7508 DI 10.1364/AO.51.007499 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 031LF UT WOS:000310640800010 PM 23128696 ER PT J AU Milder, EA Gerber, JS AF Milder, Edmund A. Gerber, Jeffrey S. TI Picture of the Month Disseminated Gonococcus Infection SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Milder, Edmund A.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Gerber, Jeffrey S.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Div Infect Dis, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Milder, Edmund A.] Univ Penn, Med Corps, USN, Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Gerber, Jeffrey S.] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Milder, EA (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 166 IS 11 BP 1065 EP 1066 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 032BI UT WOS:000310686400011 PM 23128308 ER PT J AU Burgy, CD Della Torre, E Wun-Fogle, M Restorff, J AF Burgy, Christopher D. Della Torre, Edward Wun-Fogle, Marilyn Restorff, James TI Magnetostrictive Study of High Strength Steels With Respect to Angle From Rolling Direction SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG) CY MAY 07-11, 2012 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP IEEE, Magnet Soc DE Magnetoelasticity; magnetomechanical effects; magnetostriction AB Many of the commonly used high strength steels have small amounts of magnetostriction. This magnetostriction can be utilized, for example to measure the torque on a rotating shaft. Previous studies on the magnetostriction in high strength steels have ignored the internal anisotropies due to previous material handling. This paper presents data taken on rods of a high strength steel that have been machined parallel, perpendicular and 45 to the rolling direction. Magnetization, magnetostriction, susceptibility, and stress-strain curves have been measured under various stresses and fields. In general, the parallel cylinders showed altered B - H, susceptibility, and magnetostriction curves compared to the other two orientations. These measurements will be incorporated into a future Vector Preisach model allowing detailed predictions of the magnetic state after stress and field changes. C1 [Burgy, Christopher D.; Wun-Fogle, Marilyn; Restorff, James] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Burgy, Christopher D.; Della Torre, Edward] George Washington Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Burgy, CD (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM Christopher.burgy@navy.mil NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 EI 1941-0069 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 48 IS 11 BP 3088 EP 3091 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2012.2206375 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 025MV UT WOS:000310194400091 ER PT J AU Schneider, CS AF Schneider, Carl S. TI Maximum Susceptibility of Ferromagnetic Hysteresis SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG) CY MAY 07-11, 2012 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP IEEE, Magnet Soc DE Demagnetization; eddy currents; magnetic hysteresis; modeling; stress ID MODEL AB We report measured ferromagnetic susceptibility and our unifield model of hysteresis, physically describing hysteresis from minor to saturate loops and virgin and anhysteretic susceptibilities. Normal susceptibility for reversals, Delta M/Delta H, and for the virgin curve, M/H, is the sum of anisotropic reversible and cooperative irreversible susceptibilities. Effective field is derived from Maxwell's thermodynamic and electromagnetic equations as the sum of Amperian, shape demagnetization, internal and external stress, eddy current and thermal fields. Rate dependence is modeled by time shifts and amplitude changes to our functions. We measure Faraday induction of ring and plate samples and vibrating sample magnetometer moments of a disc sample of mild steel, discussing procedures and precision. We find anhysteretic susceptibility to be our saturate susceptibility for positive magnetization, reflected in symmetry, with maximum susceptibility modified by each of the five fields. C1 USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Schneider, CS (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM carlstanleyschneider@gmail.com NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 48 IS 11 BP 3371 EP 3374 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2012.2196689 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 025MV UT WOS:000310194400163 ER PT J AU Valdivia, NP AF Valdivia, Nicolas P. TI Electromagnetic source identification using multiple frequency information SO INVERSE PROBLEMS LA English DT Article ID INVERSE SOURCE PROBLEM; LIPSCHITZ-DOMAINS; MAXWELL EQUATIONS; IMAGE FORMATION; HOLOGRAPHY; FIELDS AB We consider the inverse problem of identifying the location and shape of a finitely supported electromagnetic source function, separable with respect to space and frequency, from measurements of the electromagnetic field on a surface for many frequencies. A simple uniqueness proof and error estimate for the unknown source function are presented. From the uniqueness proof, an efficient numerical algorithm for the solution is developed. The algorithm is tested using numerically generated data. C1 USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Valdivia, NP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Code 7130, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM valdivia@pa.nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0266-5611 J9 INVERSE PROBL JI Inverse Probl. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 28 IS 11 AR 115002 DI 10.1088/0266-5611/28/11/115002 PG 17 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 030MK UT WOS:000310574600002 ER PT J AU Gebhart, D Williams, SR Bishop-Lilly, KA Govoni, GR Willner, KM Butani, A Sozhamannan, S Martin, D Fortier, LC Scholl, D AF Gebhart, Dana Williams, Steven R. Bishop-Lilly, Kimberly A. Govoni, Gregory R. Willner, Kristin M. Butani, Amy Sozhamannan, Shanmuga Martin, David Fortier, Louis-Charles Scholl, Dean TI Novel High-Molecular-Weight, R-Type Bacteriocins of Clostridium difficile SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TAIL-LIKE BACTERIOCIN; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; DEFECTIVE PROPHAGE; PYOCIN; INFECTION; PHAGE; DISEASE AB Clostridium difficile causes one of the leading nosocomial infections in developed countries, and therapeutic choices are limited. Some strains of C. difficile produce phage tail-like particles upon induction of the SOS response. These particles have bactericidal activity against other C. difficile strains and can therefore be classified as bacteriocins, similar to the R-type pyocins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These R-type bacteriocin particles, which have been purified from different strains, each have a different C. difficile-killing spectrum, with no one bacteriocin killing all C. difficile isolates tested. We have identified the genetic locus of these "diffocins" (open reading frames 1359 to 1376) and have found them to be common among the species. The entire diffocin genetic locus of more than 20 kb was cloned and expressed in Bacillus subtilis, and this resulted in production of bactericidal particles. One of the interesting features of these particles is a very large structural protein of similar to 200 kDa, the product of gene 1374. This large protein determines the killing spectrum of the particles and is likely the receptor-binding protein. Diffocins may provide an alternate bactericidal agent to prevent or treat infections and to decolonize individuals who are asymptomatic carriers. C1 [Gebhart, Dana; Williams, Steven R.; Govoni, Gregory R.; Martin, David; Scholl, Dean] AvidBiotics Corp, San Francisco, CA USA. [Bishop-Lilly, Kimberly A.; Willner, Kristin M.; Butani, Amy; Sozhamannan, Shanmuga] USN, Med Res Ctr Frederick, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Fortier, Louis-Charles] Univ Sherbrooke, Dept Microbiol & Infectiol, Fac Med & Sci Sante, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada. RP Scholl, D (reprint author), AvidBiotics Corp, San Francisco, CA USA. EM dean@avidbiotics.com FU Transformational Medical Technologies Program through the Defense Threat Reduction Agency of the U.S. Department of Defense [TMTI_IB06RSQ002] FX The NMRC portion of this work was supported by the Transformational Medical Technologies Program under contract TMTI_IB06RSQ002 through the Defense Threat Reduction Agency of the U.S. Department of Defense. NR 46 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 194 IS 22 BP 6240 EP 6247 DI 10.1128/JB.01272-12 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 030SB UT WOS:000310589300022 PM 22984261 ER PT J AU Yang, TC Schindall, J Huang, CF Liu, JY AF Yang, T. C. Schindall, J. Huang, Chen-Fen Liu, Jin-Yuan TI Clutter reduction using Doppler sonar in a harbor environment SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID AMBIGUITY FUNCTION; SIGNALS; SUPPRESSION; CHANNEL AB A high frequency experiment was conducted in the Woods Hole Harbor in Massachusetts to evaluate the effectiveness of Doppler sonar for discriminating targets from reverberation. Using a pulsed linear frequency modulated signal, one finds that the matched filtered outputs are filled with high-level discrete backscattered returns, referred to as clutter, which are often confused with the target echo. The high level non-target returns have an amplitude distribution that is heavy-tailed. Using a Doppler-sensitive binary-phase-shift-keying signal coded with an m-sequence, the target echo and clutter can be separated by Doppler and delay, and tracked using the Doppler spectrogram (Dopplergram). The Doppler filtered time series show a background reverberation with a Rayleigh-like amplitude distribution, with an improved signal-to-(peak) reverberation ratio compared with that without Doppler filtering. The reduced reverberation level with Doppler processing decreases the probability of false alarm (Pfa) for a given threshold level. Conversely, for a given Pfa, the higher signal-to-(peak) reverberation ratio implies a higher probability of detection. Transmission loss measurement was conducted to estimate some of the system parameters, e. g., the source level and target strength relative to the noise level. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4756921] C1 [Yang, T. C.; Schindall, J.] USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Huang, Chen-Fen] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Yang, T. C.; Liu, Jin-Yuan] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Appl Marine Phys & Undersea Technol, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan. [Liu, Jin-Yuan] Natl Taitung Univ, Taitung 95092, Taiwan. RP Yang, TC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM tsihyang@gmail.com RI Huang, Chen-Fen/K-3174-2012 OI Huang, Chen-Fen/0000-0001-8736-9545 FU US Office of Naval Research; National Science Council of Taiwan [98-2611-M-002-017-MY3, 99-2221-E-110-093]; Ministry of Education of Taiwan FX The work by T.C.Y. and J.S. was supported by the US Office of Naval Research. The work by C.-F.H. and J.-Y.L. was supported by the National Science Council of Taiwan through Contract Nos. 98-2611-M-002-017-MY3 and 99-2221-E-110-093 and by the Ministry of Education of Taiwan. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 9 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 132 IS 5 BP 3053 EP 3067 DI 10.1121/1.4756921 PG 15 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 035XZ UT WOS:000310988200027 PM 23145591 ER PT J AU Waters, ZJ Simpson, HJ Sarkissian, A Dey, S Houston, BH Bucaro, JA Yoder, TJ AF Waters, Z. J. Simpson, H. J. Sarkissian, A. Dey, S. Houston, B. H. Bucaro, J. A. Yoder, T. J. TI Bistatic, above-critical angle scattering measurements of fully buried unexploded ordnance (UXO) and clutter SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SOLID ALUMINUM CYLINDER; ACOUSTIC SCATTERING; SPHERICAL-SHELL; LAMB WAVE; TARGETS; BACKSCATTERING; SEDIMENT; OBJECT; SONAR AB Laboratory grade bistatic scattering measurements are conducted in order to examine the acoustic response of realistic fully buried unexploded ordnance (UXO) from above-critical angle insonification, between 2 and 40 kHz. A 127 mm diameter rocket UXO, a 155 mm diameter artillery shell, a natural rock of approximately the same size, and a cinder block are fully buried in water-saturated medium grained sand (mean grain diameter, 240 mu m) at depths of 10 cm below the water-sediment interface. A two-dimensional array of bistatic scattering measurements is generated synthetically by scanning a single hydrophone in steps of 3 cm over a 1m x 1m patch directly above the targets at a height of 20 cm above the water-sediment interface. Three-dimensional volumetric acoustic images generated from the return waveforms reveal scattering components attributed to geometric and elastic scattering, as well as multiple-scattering interactions of returns between the sediment-water interface and the buried objects. The far-field target strength of the objects is estimated through extrapolation of the angular spectrum. Agreement is found between experimental data and simulated data generated from a finite-element-based, three-dimensional time-harmonic model (2-25 kHz). Separation of the measured UXO from the clutter objects is demonstrated through exploitation of structural-acoustics-based features. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4757098] C1 [Waters, Z. J.; Simpson, H. J.; Sarkissian, A.; Dey, S.; Houston, B. H.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bucaro, J. A.] Excet Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. [Yoder, T. J.] Global Strategies Grp N Amer, Crofton, MD 20815 USA. RP Waters, ZJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7130, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM zachary.waters@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program FX The authors would like to thank Kyrie Jig and Roger Volk for assisting with the design and execution of these experiments. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 132 IS 5 BP 3076 EP 3085 DI 10.1121/1.4757098 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 035XZ UT WOS:000310988200029 PM 23145593 ER PT J AU van 't Erve, OMJ Friedman, AL Cobas, E Li, CH Robinson, JT Jonker, BT AF van 't Erve, O. M. J. Friedman, A. L. Cobas, E. Li, C. H. Robinson, J. T. Jonker, B. T. TI Low-resistance spin injection into silicon using graphene tunnel barriers SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID N-TYPE SILICON; RESONANCE LINEWIDTH; SEMICONDUCTOR; SPINTRONICS; LOGIC; CONDUCTIVITY; TRANSPORT; CONTACTS; DEVICES; METAL AB Spin manipulation in a semiconductor offers a new paradigm for device operation beyond Moore's law. Ferromagnetic metals are ideal contacts for spin injection and detection, but the intervening tunnel barrier required to accommodate the large difference in conductivity introduces defects, trapped charge and material interdiffusion, which severely compromise performance. Here, we show that single-layer graphene successfully circumvents the classic issue of conductivity mismatch between a metal and a semiconductor for electrical spin injection and detection, providing a highly uniform, chemically inert and thermally robust tunnel barrier. We demonstrate electrical generation and detection of spin accumulation in silicon above room temperature, and show that the contact resistance-area products are two to three orders of magnitude lower than those achieved with oxide tunnel barriers on silicon substrates with identical doping levels. Our results identify a new route to low resistance-area product spin-polarized contacts, a key requirement for semiconductor spintronic devices that rely on two-terminal magnetoresistance, including spin-based transistors, logic and memory. C1 [van 't Erve, O. M. J.; Friedman, A. L.; Cobas, E.; Li, C. H.; Robinson, J. T.; Jonker, B. T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP van 't Erve, OMJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM vanterve@anvil.nrl.navy.mil; jonker@nrl.navy.mil RI Robinson, Jeremy/F-2748-2010; Friedman, Adam/D-9610-2011 OI Friedman, Adam/0000-0003-0597-5432 FU NRL; Office of Naval Research; NRL Karles Fellow programme FX This work was supported by core programmes at NRL and the Office of Naval Research. E. C. and A. L. F. acknowledge support from the NRL Karles Fellow programme. The authors acknowledge use of facilities in the NRL Nanoscience Institute, and thank D. Zapotok and D. St. Amand for continual technical support. NR 43 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 7 U2 131 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1748-3387 J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL JI Nat. Nanotechnol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 BP 737 EP 742 DI 10.1038/NNANO.2012.161 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 033JQ UT WOS:000310791900014 PM 23023645 ER PT J AU Levy-Gigi, E Keri, S Myers, CE Lencovsky, Z Sharvit-Benbaji, H Orr, SP Gilbertson, MW Servatius, RJ Tsao, JW Gluck, MA AF Levy-Gigi, Einat Keri, Szabolcs Myers, Catherine E. Lencovsky, Zvi Sharvit-Benbaji, Hadas Orr, Scott P. Gilbertson, Mark W. Servatius, Richard J. Tsao, Jack W. Gluck, Mark A. TI Individuals With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Show a Selective Deficit in Generalization of Associative Learning SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PTSD; learning; hippocampus; generalization ID COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY; SMALLER HIPPOCAMPAL VOLUME; IDENTICAL-TWINS DISCORDANT; CHILDHOOD SEXUAL-ABUSE; ACQUIRED EQUIVALENCE; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; INHIBITED TEMPERAMENT; PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA; DECLARATIVE MEMORY; COMBAT EXPOSURE AB Objective: Drawing on two different populations, Israeli police and Hungarian civilians, the present study assessed the ability of individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to generalize previous learning to novel situations. Past neuroimaging studies have demonstrated diminished medial temporal lobe (MTL) activation and/or reduced hippocampal volume in individuals with PTSD. Our earlier computational models of cortico-hippocampal function and subsequent experimental tests of these models in MTL-impaired clinical populations argue that even mild hippocampal dysfunction may result in subtle impairments in generalization. Therefore, we predicted that individuals with PTSD would show impaired generalization. Method: We compared the performance of five groups from two countries, including 19 Israeli police with PTSD and 22 trauma-exposed police without PTSD, and 22 Hungarian civilians with PTSD, 25 trauma-exposed civilians without PTSD, and 25 individuals without PTSD unexposed to the same trauma. Participants were tested on a two-phase learning paradigm, the Acquired Equivalence Task, which measures the ability to generalize past learning to novel situations. Results: We found that both PTSD and non-PTSD participants were capable of learning the initial stimulus-outcome associations, F(4, 108) = 1.79, p = .14. However, as predicted, only individuals with PTSD showed a selective deficit in generalization of this learning to novel situations (F(4, 108) = 8.35, p < .001, Partial eta(2) = 0.26). Conclusions: Individuals with PTSD show a selective impairment in generalization of past learning similar to other clinical populations with MTL/hippocampal dysfunction. This is consistent with an emerging view of PTSD as being not only an anxiety disorder but also a learning disorder. C1 [Levy-Gigi, Einat; Gluck, Mark A.] Rutgers State Univ, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Keri, Szabolcs] Univ Szeged, Dept Physiol, Fac Med, Szeged, Hungary. [Keri, Szabolcs] Natl Psychiat Ctr, Budapest, Hungary. [Myers, Catherine E.; Servatius, Richard J.] New Jersey Hlth Care Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, E Orange, NJ USA. [Myers, Catherine E.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Neurol & Neurosci, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. [Lencovsky, Zvi; Sharvit-Benbaji, Hadas] Israel Police, Jerusalem, Israel. [Orr, Scott P.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Orr, Scott P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Gilbertson, Mark W.] Dept Vet Affairs, Manchester, NH USA. [Servatius, Richard J.] Univ Med & Dent UMDNJ, Grad Sch Biomed Sci, Newark, NJ USA. [Servatius, Richard J.] Stress & Motivated Behav Inst SMBI, VA, E Orange, NJ USA. [Tsao, Jack W.] USN, Bur Med & Surg BUMED, Washington, DC USA. RP Levy-Gigi, E (reprint author), 197 Univ Ave, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. EM levygigie@gmail.com OI Myers, Catherine/0000-0002-2776-4823 NR 76 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 33 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0894-4105 EI 1931-1559 J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGY JI Neuropsychology PD NOV PY 2012 VL 26 IS 6 BP 758 EP 767 DI 10.1037/a0029361 PG 10 WC Psychology, Clinical; Neurosciences; Psychology SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 030GL UT WOS:000310558800009 PM 22846034 ER PT J AU Fleck, B Heber, B Vourlidas, A van Driel-Gesztelyi, L Mandrini, CH Leibacher, J AF Fleck, Bernhard Heber, Bernd Vourlidas, Angelos van Driel-Gesztelyi, Lidia Mandrini, Cristina H. Leibacher, John TI The Sun 360 Preface SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Fleck, Bernhard] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, ESA Sci Operat Dept, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Heber, Bernd] Univ Kiel, Inst Expt & Angew Phys, Kiel, Germany. [Vourlidas, Angelos] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [van Driel-Gesztelyi, Lidia] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [van Driel-Gesztelyi, Lidia] Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris 06, Observ Paris, CNRS,LESIA, Meudon, France. [van Driel-Gesztelyi, Lidia] Hungarian Acad Sci, Konkoly Observ, Budapest, Hungary. [Mandrini, Cristina H.] Int Space Sci Inst, Bern, Switzerland. [Mandrini, Cristina H.] Univ Buenos Aires, CONICET, Inst Astron & Fis Espacio, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Mandrini, Cristina H.] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Leibacher, John] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Natl Solar Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA. [Leibacher, John] Inst Astrophys Spatiale, Orsay, France. RP Fleck, B (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, ESA Sci Operat Dept, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM bfleck@esa.nascom.nasa.gov RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009 OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 281 IS 1 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1007/s11207-012-0120-8 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 033QB UT WOS:000310811900001 ER PT J AU Bosman, E Bothmer, V Nistico, G Vourlidas, A Howard, RA Davies, JA AF Bosman, E. Bothmer, V. Nistico, G. Vourlidas, A. Howard, R. A. Davies, J. A. TI Three-Dimensional Properties of Coronal Mass Ejections from STEREO/SECCHI Observations SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Coronal mass ejection AB We identify 565 coronal mass ejections (CMEs) between January 2007 and December 2010 in observations from the twin STEREO/SECCHI/COR2 coronagraphs aboard the STEREO mission. Our list is in full agreement with the corresponding SOHO/LASCO CME Catalog (http://cdaw.gsfc.nasa.gov/CME_list/) for events with angular widths of 45 degrees and up. The monthly event rates behave similarly to sunspot rates showing a three- to fourfold rise between September 2009 and March 2010. We select 51 events with well-defined white-light structure and model them as three-dimensional (3D) flux ropes using a forward-modeling technique developed by Thernisien, Howard and Vourlidas (Astrophys. J. 652, 763-773, 2006). We derive their 3D properties and identify their source regions. We find that the majority of the CME flux ropes (82 %) lie within 30 degrees of the solar equator. Also, 82 % of the events are displaced from their source region, to a lower latitude, by 25 degrees or less. These findings provide strong support for the deflection of CMEs towards the solar equator reported in earlier observations, e.g. by Cremades and Bothmer (Astron. Astrophys. 422, 307-322, 2004). C1 [Bosman, E.; Bothmer, V.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Nistico, G.] Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Fis, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. [Vourlidas, A.; Howard, R. A.] USN, Res Lab, Spaces Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Davies, J. A.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Chilton OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RP Bosman, E (reprint author), Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. EM ebosman@astro.physik.uni-goettingen.de; bothmer@astro.physik.uni-goettingen.de; giuseppe.nistico@fis.unical.it; jackie.davies@stfc.ac.uk RI Nistico, Giuseppe/A-8555-2016; Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009 OI Nistico, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2566-2820; Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948 FU European Community [218816]; German Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung through the deutsche Zentrum fur Luft-und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR, German Space 59 Agency); Max-Planck-Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung (MPS) [50 degreesC 0904]; NASA [S-136361-Y]; USAF Space Test Program; Office of Naval Research FX The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007 - 2013) under the grant agreement no 218816 (SOTE-RIA project, www.soteria.eu). Volker Bothmer acknowledges support of the project Stereo/Corona by the German Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung through the deutsche Zentrum fur Luft-und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR, German Space 59 Agency) as a collaborative effort with the Max-Planck-Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung (MPS) under grant 50 degrees C 0904. Stereo/Corona is a science and hardware contribution to the optical image package SECCHI, developed for the NASA STEREO mission. The STEREO/SECCHI data used for this study are prepared by an international consortium of NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA), Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Lab (USA), Naval Research Laboratory (USA), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK), University of Birmingham (UK), Max-Planck-Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung (Germany), Institut d'Optique Theorique et Appliquee (France), Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (France) and Centre Spatiale de Liege (Belgium). The NRL effort was supported by NASA, the USAF Space Test Program and the Office of Naval Research. The work of Angelos Vourlidas and Russell A. Howard is supported by NASA contract S-136361-Y to the Naval Research Laboratory. Data from the SOHO/MDI instrument are courtesy of the SOHO/MDI consortium. The SOHO/MDI data are produced by an international consortium of the Naval Research Laboratory (USA), Max-Planck-Institut fur Aeronomie (Germany), Laboratoire d'Astronomie (France) and the University of Birmingham (UK). SOHO is an international project of collaboration between ESA and NASA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 281 IS 1 BP 167 EP 185 DI 10.1007/s11207-012-0123-5 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 033QB UT WOS:000310811900011 ER PT J AU Patsourakos, S Vourlidas, A AF Patsourakos, Spiros Vourlidas, Angelos TI On the Nature and Genesis of EUV Waves: A Synthesis of Observations from SOHO, STEREO, SDO, and Hinode (Invited Review) SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE Corona, active; Coronal mass ejections; Low coronal signatures; Waves, magnetohydrodynamic; Waves, propagation; Waves, plasma ID CORONAL MASS EJECTION; ULTRAVIOLET IMAGING TELESCOPE; X-RAY OBSERVATIONS; LARGE-SCALE WAVES; 2006 DECEMBER 6; EIT WAVES; SOLAR CORONA; MORETON WAVE; SHOCK-WAVES; HIGH-CADENCE AB A major, albeit serendipitous, discovery of the SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory mission was the observation by the Extreme Ultraviolet Telescope (EIT) of large-scale extreme ultraviolet (EUV) intensity fronts propagating over a significant fraction of the Sun's surface. These so-called EIT or EUV waves are associated with eruptive phenomena and have been studied intensely. However, their wave nature has been challenged by non-wave (or pseudo-wave) interpretations and the subject remains under debate. A string of recent solar missions has provided a wealth of detailed EUV observations of these waves bringing us closer to resolving the question of their nature. With this review, we gather the current state-of-the-art knowledge in the field and synthesize it into a picture of an EUV wave driven by the lateral expansion of the CME. This picture can account for both wave and pseudo-wave interpretations of the observations, thus resolving the controversy over the nature of EUV waves to a large degree but not completely. We close with a discussion on several remaining open questions in the field of EUV waves research. C1 [Patsourakos, Spiros] Univ Ioannina, Dept Phys, Sect Astrogeophys, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Vourlidas, Angelos] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Patsourakos, S (reprint author), Univ Ioannina, Dept Phys, Sect Astrogeophys, POB 1186, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. EM spatsour@cc.uoi.gr RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009 OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948 FU FP7 Marie Curie Re-integration Grant [FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG/268288]; NASA [S-136361-Y] FX We thank the referee for the very useful comments. S. P. acknowledges support from an FP7 Marie Curie Re-integration Grant (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-RG/268288). He also thanks the Scientific Organising Committee of the "Sun-360: Stereo-4/SDO-2/SOHO-25 Workshop" for an invitation to give a talk on EUV waves which is the base of the present review. A. V. is supported by NASA contract S-136361-Y to the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 135 TC 56 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 EI 1573-093X J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 281 IS 1 BP 187 EP 222 DI 10.1007/s11207-012-9988-6 PG 36 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 033QB UT WOS:000310811900012 ER PT J AU van Driel-Gesztelyi, L Culhane, JL Baker, D Demoulin, P Mandrini, CH DeRosa, ML Rouillard, AP Opitz, A Stenborg, G Vourlidas, A Brooks, DH AF van Driel-Gesztelyi, L. Culhane, J. L. Baker, D. Demoulin, P. Mandrini, C. H. DeRosa, M. L. Rouillard, A. P. Opitz, A. Stenborg, G. Vourlidas, A. Brooks, D. H. TI Magnetic Topology of Active Regions and Coronal Holes: Implications for Coronal Outflows and the Solar Wind SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Active regions; Magnetic field; Magnetic extrapolations; Solar wind ID QUASI-SEPARATRIX LAYERS; EUV IMAGING SPECTROMETER; TRANSITION REGION; PLASMA FLOWS; FLUX TUBES; HINODE; FIELDS; FLARES; EXPLORER; LOOPS AB During 2 -aEuro parts per thousand 18 January 2008 a pair of low-latitude opposite-polarity coronal holes (CHs) were observed on the Sun with two active regions (ARs) and the heliospheric plasma sheet located between them. We use the Hinode/EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) to locate AR-related outflows and measure their velocities. Solar-Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) imaging is also employed, as are the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) in-situ observations, to assess the resulting impacts on the solar wind (SW) properties. Magnetic-field extrapolations of the two ARs confirm that AR plasma outflows observed with EIS are co-spatial with quasi-separatrix layer locations, including the separatrix of a null point. Global potential-field source-surface modeling indicates that field lines in the vicinity of the null point extend up to the source surface, enabling a part of the EIS plasma upflows access to the SW. We find that similar upflow properties are also observed within closed-field regions that do not reach the source surface. We conclude that some of plasma upflows observed with EIS remain confined along closed coronal loops, but that a fraction of the plasma may be released into the slow SW. This suggests that ARs bordering coronal holes can contribute to the slow SW. Analyzing the in-situ data, we propose that the type of slow SW present depends on whether the AR is fully or partially enclosed by an overlying streamer. C1 [van Driel-Gesztelyi, L.; Demoulin, P.] Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris 06, Observ Paris, CNRS,LESIA, Meudon, France. [van Driel-Gesztelyi, L.; Culhane, J. L.; Baker, D.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [van Driel-Gesztelyi, L.] Hungarian Acad Sci, Konkoly Observ, Budapest, Hungary. [Culhane, J. L.] Int Space Sci Inst, Bern, Switzerland. [Mandrini, C. H.] Univ Buenos Aires, CONICET, Inst Astron & Fis Espacio, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Mandrini, C. H.] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [DeRosa, M. L.] Lockheed Martin Solar & Astrophys Lab, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Rouillard, A. P.; Opitz, A.] Univ Toulouse UPS, Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, Toulouse, France. [Rouillard, A. P.; Opitz, A.] CNRS, UMR 5277, Toulouse, France. [Stenborg, G.; Brooks, D. H.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Vourlidas, A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP van Driel-Gesztelyi, L (reprint author), Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris 06, Observ Paris, CNRS,LESIA, Meudon, France. EM Lidia.vanDriel@obspm.fr RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009; OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948; Demoulin, Pascal/0000-0001-8215-6532 FU European Commission [284461]; Hungarian Research grant [OTKA K-081421]; CONICET [PICT 2007-1790, UBACyT 20020100100733, PIP 2009-100766]; ECOS-MINCyT [A08U01]; Naval Research Laboratory; NASA FX We thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments, which helped us in improving and clarifying the article. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Commission's Seventh Framework Programme under the grant agreement No. 284461 (eHEROES project). LvDG's work was supported by the Hungarian Research grant OTKA K-081421. CHM acknowledges financial support from the Argentinean grants PICT 2007-1790, UBACyT 20020100100733 and PIP 2009-100766 (CONICET). CHM is a member of the Carrera del Investigador Cientifico (CONICET). PD and CHM thank ECOS-MINCyT for their cooperative science program A08U01. The work of DHB was performed under contract with the Naval Research Laboratory and was funded by the NASA Hinode program. NR 67 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 EI 1573-093X J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 281 IS 1 BP 237 EP 262 DI 10.1007/s11207-012-0076-8 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 033QB UT WOS:000310811900014 ER PT J AU Wood, BE Rouillard, AP Mostl, C Battams, K Savani, NP Marubashi, K Howard, RA Socker, DG AF Wood, B. E. Rouillard, A. P. Moestl, C. Battams, K. Savani, N. P. Marubashi, K. Howard, R. A. Socker, D. G. TI Connecting Coronal Mass Ejections and Magnetic Clouds: A Case Study Using an Event from 22 June 2009 SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Coronal mass ejections, initiation and propagation; Coronal mass ejections, interplanetary ID SOLAR-WIND; INNER HELIOSPHERE; WHITE-LIGHT; 1 AU; FLUX; EVOLUTION; RECONSTRUCTION; SIGNATURES; LASCO; CME AB On 27 June 2009 the Wind and Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) spacecraft near Earth detected a magnetic cloud (MC). The MC can be traced back to a slow coronal mass ejection (CME) launched from the Sun on 22 June 2009 but this connection relies entirely on heliospheric imaging of the Sun-Earth line from the two STEREO spacecraft, illustrating the value of such imaging. The STEREO and SOHO/LASCO views of this event collectively suggest strongly that the CME has the shape of a magnetic flux rope. The arrival times of two density peaks at ACE are consistent with the expected arrival times of the front and back of the flux rope observed in the images, and the velocity of the CME seen by ACE is also consistent with the STEREO measurements. However, the complex nature of the MC signature of this event complicates attempts to compare the flux rope orientations inferred from the imaging and in situ data. Various analyses of the in situ data, performed using both force-free and Grad-Shafranov approaches to MC modeling, yield a wide range of flux rope orientations depending on the type of analysis and on the exact time interval used. The best reproduction of the image-inferred orientation occurs when the first third of the MC time interval is ignored. C1 [Wood, B. E.; Battams, K.; Howard, R. A.; Socker, D. G.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rouillard, A. P.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Rouillard, A. P.] IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Moestl, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Moestl, C.] Graz Univ, Inst Phys, Kanzelhohe Observ IGAM, A-8010 Graz, Austria. [Moestl, C.] Austrian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, A-8042 Graz, Austria. [Savani, N. P.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Savani, N. P.; Marubashi, K.] UCAR, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Savani, N. P.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Wood, BE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brian.wood@nrl.navy.mil RI Savani, Neel/G-4066-2014; OI Savani, Neel/0000-0002-1916-7877; Moestl, Christian/0000-0001-6868-4152 FU NASA [NNH10AN83I]; NASA; NRL; USAF Space Test Program; ONR; Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within European Community; Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P20145-N16]; European Union [263252] FX This work has been supported by NASA award NNH10AN83I to the Naval Research Laboratory. The STEREO/SECCHI data are produced by a consortium of NRL (US), LMSAL (US), NASA/GSFC (US), RAL (UK), UBHAM (UK), MPS (Germany), CSL (Belgium), IOTA (France), and IAS (France). In addition to funding by NASA, NRL also received support from the USAF Space Test Program and ONR. C. M. was supported by a Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme, by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF): P20145-N16, and by funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no 263252 [COMESEP]. NR 52 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 EI 1573-093X J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 281 IS 1 BP 369 EP 389 DI 10.1007/s11207-012-0036-3 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 033QB UT WOS:000310811900021 ER PT J AU Davis, CE Norman, P Ratcliffe, C Crane, R AF Davis, Claire E. Norman, Patrick Ratcliffe, Colin Crane, Roger TI Broad area damage detection in composites using fibre Bragg grating arrays SO STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Fibre Bragg grating; structural health monitoring; modal analysis; structural irregularity and damage evaluation routine; inverse structural irregularity and damage evaluation routine AB This article reports on the development of a technique for broad area detection of structural irregularities in composites using an integrated fibre optic sensing network. The technique is founded on a broadband vibration-based methodology known as the structural irregularity and damage evaluation routine that uses features in complex curvature operating shapes to locate damage and other areas with structural stiffness variations. The original structural irregularity and damage evaluation routine methodology relied on impact excitation at a series of grid points on the structure with the response recorded using a small number of reference accelerometers to determine the operating curvature shapes. This methodology has been modified to allow for single-point or environmental excitation with measurement of the curvature shapes provided by a spatially dense network of fibre Bragg grating strain sensors' surface mounted on the structure. This modified approach is known as the inverse structural irregularity and damage evaluation routine and has been experimentally validated on an impact-damaged composite panel. The technique was then applied to a full size composite structure (ship's rudder) containing structural features, where it was shown to successfully locate impact damage. C1 [Davis, Claire E.; Norman, Patrick] Def Sci & Technol Org, Fishermans Bend, Vic 3207, Australia. [Ratcliffe, Colin] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Crane, Roger] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Davis, CE (reprint author), Def Sci & Technol Org, Fishermans Bend, Vic 3207, Australia. EM Claire.davis@dsto.defence.gov.au FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval International Cooperative Opportunities in Science and Technology Program [N00014-09-1-0364] FX This work was supported by Office of Naval Research through the Naval International Cooperative Opportunities in Science and Technology Program (Grant no. N00014-09-1-0364; programme sponsor Dr Ignacio Perez). NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 11 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1475-9217 J9 STRUCT HEALTH MONIT JI Struct. Health Monit. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 11 IS 6 BP 724 EP 732 DI 10.1177/1475921712455681 PG 9 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 032TH UT WOS:000310741500008 ER PT J AU Lipscombe, TC Mungan, CE AF Lipscombe, Trevor C. Mungan, Carl E. TI The magnetocatenary SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB A current-carrying wire hanging between two suspension points in a transverse magnetic field adopts a shape intermediate between a circle and a hyperbolic cosine. This magnetocatenary can be analytically calculated as a novel extension of the standard hanging chain problem in an intermediate mechanics course. C1 [Lipscombe, Trevor C.] Catholic Univ Amer Press, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Mungan, Carl E.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Lipscombe, TC (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer Press, Washington, DC 20064 USA. EM lipscombe@cua.edu; mungan@usna.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0143-0807 J9 EUR J PHYS JI Eur. J. Phys. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 33 IS 6 BP 1667 EP 1675 DI 10.1088/0143-0807/33/6/1667 PG 9 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA 028WQ UT WOS:000310456100020 ER PT J AU Anderson, TJ Hobart, KD Nyakiti, LO Wheeler, VD Myers-Ward, RL Caldwell, JD Bezares, FJ Jernigan, GG Tadjer, MJ Imhoff, EA Koehler, AD Gaskill, DK Eddy, CR Kub, FJ AF Anderson, T. J. Hobart, K. D. Nyakiti, L. O. Wheeler, V. D. Myers-Ward, R. L. Caldwell, J. D. Bezares, F. J. Jernigan, G. G. Tadjer, M. J. Imhoff, E. A. Koehler, A. D. Gaskill, D. K. Eddy, C. R., Jr. Kub, F. J. TI Investigation of the Epitaxial Graphene/p-SiC Heterojunction SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Graphene; heterojunction; semiconductor (SiC) AB There has been significant research in the study of in-plane charge-carrier transport in graphene in order to understand and exploit its unique electrical properties; however, the vertical graphene-semiconductor system also presents opportunities for unique devices. In this letter, we investigate the epitaxial graphene/p-type 4H-SiC system to better understand this vertical heterojunction. The I-V behavior does not demonstrate thermionic emission properties that are indicative of a Schottky barrier but rather demonstrates characteristics of a semiconductor heterojunction. This is confirmed by the fitting of the temperature-dependent I-V curves to classical heterojunction equations and the observation of band-edge electroluminescence in SiC. C1 [Anderson, T. J.; Hobart, K. D.; Nyakiti, L. O.; Wheeler, V. D.; Myers-Ward, R. L.; Caldwell, J. D.; Bezares, F. J.; Jernigan, G. G.; Imhoff, E. A.; Koehler, A. D.; Gaskill, D. K.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.; Kub, F. J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Tadjer, M. J.] Univ Politecn Madrid, UCM, CEI Campus Moncloa, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. RP Anderson, TJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM travis.anderson@nrl.navy.mil RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008 OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168 FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory; CEI Campus Moncloa, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid-UCM, Madrid, Spain FX Manuscript received May 16, 2012; revised July 13, 2012; accepted July 25, 2012. Date of publication September 13, 2012; date of current version October 19, 2012. This work was supported by U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. The review of this letter was arranged by Editor Z. Chen.; Authors L. O. Nyakiti, V. D. Wheeler, and F. J. Bezares would like to thank the American Society for Engineering Education Postdoctoral Fellowship Program for the support. Author M. J. Tadjer would like to thank a PICATA grant from the CEI Campus Moncloa, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid-UCM, Madrid, Spain. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 7 U2 44 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0741-3106 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 33 IS 11 BP 1610 EP 1612 DI 10.1109/LED.2012.2211562 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 027XJ UT WOS:000310387100033 ER PT J AU Choukulkar, A Calhoun, R Billings, B Doyle, JD AF Choukulkar, Aditya Calhoun, Ronald Billings, Brian Doyle, James D. TI A Modified Optimal Interpolation Technique for Vector Retrieval for Coherent Doppler LIDAR SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Doppler LIDAR; optimal interpolation; remote sensing; vector retrieval ID BOUNDARY-LAYER STRUCTURES; SYSTEM; ERROR AB Several modifications to the optimal interpolation (OI) technique for light-detection-and-ranging vector retrieval are proposed and shown to result in significant improvement in velocity retrieval accuracy. These modifications include changes to innovation covariance portioning, covariance binning, and analysis increment calculation. A validation of the modified OI technique is presented, comparing the retrievals with the original technique in each case. The modified technique is able to perform retrievals with better accuracy, preserves local information better, and compares well with tower measurements. C1 [Choukulkar, Aditya; Calhoun, Ronald] Arizona State Univ, Environm Remote Sensing Grp, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Billings, Brian] CNR, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Doyle, James D.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Choukulkar, A (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Environm Remote Sensing Grp, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM aditya.choukulkar@asu.edu NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1545-598X J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 9 IS 6 BP 1132 EP 1136 DI 10.1109/LGRS.2012.2191762 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 035BI UT WOS:000310916400027 ER PT J AU Buhr, TL Young, AA Minter, ZA Wells, CM McPherson, DC Hooban, CL Johnson, CA Prokop, EJ Crigler, JR AF Buhr, T. L. Young, A. A. Minter, Z. A. Wells, C. M. McPherson, D. C. Hooban, C. L. Johnson, C. A. Prokop, E. J. Crigler, J. R. TI Test method development to evaluate hot, humid air decontamination of materials contaminated with Bacillus anthracis Delta Sterne and B. thuringiensis Al Hakam spores SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus; decontamination; hot; humid air; simulant; spore ID BACTERIAL-SPORES; HEAT-RESISTANCE; SURFACE HYDROPHOBICITY; CHEMICAL STATES; CEREUS SPORES; EXOSPORIUM; SUBTILIS; ADHESION; WATER; GERMINATION AB Aims To develop test methods and evaluate the survival of Bacillus anthracis ?Sterne and Bacillus thuringiensis Al Hakam spores after exposure to hot, humid air. Methods and Results Spores (>7 logs) of both strains were dried on six different test materials. Response surface methodology was employed to identify the limits of spore survival at optimal test combinations of temperature (60, 68, 77 degrees C), relative humidity (60, 75, 90%) and time (1, 4, 7days). No spores survived the harshest test run (77 degrees C, 90% r.h., 7days), while>6.5 logs of spores survived the mildest test run (60 degrees C, 60% r.h., 1day). Spores of both strains inoculated on nylon webbing and polypropylene had greater survival rates at 68 degrees C, 75% r.h., 4days than spores on other materials. Electron microscopy showed no obvious physical damage to spores using hot, humid air, which contrasted with pH-adjusted bleach decontamination. Conclusions Test methods were developed to show that hot, humid air effectively inactivates B.anthracis Delta Sterne and B.thuringiensis Al Hakam spores with similar kinetics. Significance and Impact of the Study Hot, humid air is a potential alternative to conventional chemical decontamination. C1 [Buhr, T. L.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Div, CBR Concepts & Experimentat Branch Z21, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Sensor Technol Branch Q31, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. RP Buhr, TL (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Div, CBR Concepts & Experimentat Branch Z21, 4045 Higley Rd,Suite 345, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. EM DLGR_NSWC_Z20@navy.mil FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency Joint Science and Technology Office, Protection and Hazard Mitigation Capability Area [BA08PHM113]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Basic and Applied Sciences [AA06CBT011] FX This work was supported through funding provided by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency Joint Science and Technology Office, Protection and Hazard Mitigation Capability Area (Project Number BA08PHM113). Some of the TEM work was funded by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Basic and Applied Sciences (Project Number AA06CBT011). We thank our colleagues at the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren Division for technical support and Matthew J. Hornbaker and Bradford W. Gutting for editorial support. We thank Johnathan Kiel of Brooks Air Force Base for assistance and initial direction for the selection of B. thuringiensis Al Hakam as a test candidate. NR 49 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 113 IS 5 BP 1037 EP 1051 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05423.x PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 026LW UT WOS:000310281100004 PM 22897143 ER PT J AU Lederman, ER Davidson, W Groff, HL Smith, SK Warkentien, T Li, Y Wilkins, KA Karem, KL Akondy, RS Ahmed, R Frace, M Shieh, WJ Zaki, S Hruby, DE Painter, WP Bergman, KL Cohen, JI Damon, IK AF Lederman, Edith R. Davidson, Whitni Groff, Harold L. Smith, Scott K. Warkentien, Tyler Li, Yu Wilkins, Kimberly A. Karem, Kevin L. Akondy, Rama S. Ahmed, Rafi Frace, Michael Shieh, Wun-Ju Zaki, Sherif Hruby, Dennis E. Painter, Wendy P. Bergman, Kimberly L. Cohen, Jeffrey I. Damon, Inger K. TI Progressive Vaccinia: Case Description and Laboratory-Guided Therapy With Vaccinia Immune Globulin, ST-246, and CMX001 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID T-CELL RESPONSES; SMALLPOX VACCINATION; MONKEYPOX; VIRUS; INFECTION; CHALLENGE; CONTACT; MICE AB Progressive vaccinia (PV) is a rare but potentially lethal complication that develops in smallpox vaccine recipients with severely impaired cellular immunity. We describe a patient with PV who required treatment with vaccinia immune globulin and who received 2 investigational agents, ST-246 and CMX001. We describe the various molecular, pharmacokinetic, and immunologic studies that provided guidance to escalate and then successfully discontinue therapy. Despite development of resistance to ST-246 during treatment, the patient had resolution of PV. This case demonstrates the need for continued development of novel anti-orthopoxvirus pharmaceuticals and the importance of both intensive and timely clinical and laboratory support in management of PV. C1 [Lederman, Edith R.; Davidson, Whitni; Smith, Scott K.; Li, Yu; Wilkins, Kimberly A.; Karem, Kevin L.; Frace, Michael; Shieh, Wun-Ju; Zaki, Sherif; Damon, Inger K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Warkentien, Tyler; Akondy, Rama S.; Ahmed, Rafi] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lederman, Edith R.; Groff, Harold L.] USN, Div Infect Dis, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Hruby, Dennis E.] Siga Technol, Corvallis, OR USA. [Painter, Wendy P.] Chimerix, Durham, NC USA. [Bergman, Kimberly L.] US FDA, Off Clin Pharmacol, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Cohen, Jeffrey I.] Natl Inst Allergy & Immunol, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Lederman, ER (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Hardy Tower 119,5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. EM erlederman@yahoo.com OI Akondy, Rama/0000-0003-4737-5240 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases FX This work was supported by the intramural research program of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (to J. I. C.). NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 1 PY 2012 VL 206 IS 9 BP 1372 EP 1385 DI 10.1093/infdis/jis510 PG 14 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 022BT UT WOS:000309930700009 PM 22904336 ER PT J AU Blank, C Adams, LA Kittelson, B Connors, RA Padden, DL AF Blank, Cherie Adams, Lori Anne Kittelson, Brian Connors, Rebecca A. Padden, Diane L. TI Coping behaviors used by Army wives during deployment separation and their perceived effectiveness SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF NURSE PRACTITIONERS LA English DT Article DE Stress and coping; military; women; primary care; Jalowiec Coping Scale ID MENTAL-HEALTH PROBLEMS; MILITARY FAMILIES; SPOUSES; CARE; AFGHANISTAN; BARRIERS; STRESS; IMPACT; DUTY; IRAQ AB Purpose: The purpose of this descriptive correlational study was to describe the coping behaviors used by Army wives during deployment separation, the perceived effectiveness of the coping behaviors used, and the correlation between the two variables. Data sources: A secondary analysis was conducted to examine coping use and perceived effectiveness, measured by the Jalowiec Coping Scale (JCS), in a sample of 102 Army wives surveyed during deployment separation. Conclusions: The most used coping subscales from the JCS were the optimistic and supportant and the most effective were the supportant and confrontive. The strongest correlations between coping use and effectiveness were found in the supportant subscale, which measures use of support systems (r= 0.77, p < .00), and the confrontive subscale, which includes behaviors of constructive problem solving (r= 0.62, p < .00). The use and effectiveness of individual behaviors are also identified. Implications for practice: Identifying effective and ineffective coping behaviors of spouses of deployed troops can potentially reduce stress and improve well-being. Primary care providers should encourage military spouses to engage in optimistic thinking, seek out spiritual support, talk to others in a similar situation, and participate in physical activity. Disclosure ?The views expressed are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, the Department of the Defense, or the United States government. C1 [Padden, Diane L.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Grad Sch Nursing, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Blank, Cherie] USN Hosp, Camp Pendleton, CA USA. [Kittelson, Brian] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Padden, DL (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Grad Sch Nursing, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM diane.padden@usuhs.edu NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1041-2972 J9 J AM ACAD NURSE PRAC JI J. Am. Acad. Nurse Pract. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 24 IS 11 BP 660 EP 668 DI 10.1111/j.1745-7599.2012.00766.x PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Nursing SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Nursing GA 027ZJ UT WOS:000310392300005 PM 23088697 ER PT J AU Bell, MM Montgomery, MT Emanuel, KA AF Bell, Michael M. Montgomery, Michael T. Emanuel, Kerry A. TI Air-Sea Enthalpy and Momentum Exchange at Major Hurricane Wind Speeds Observed during CBLAST SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID AXISYMMETRICAL NUMERICAL-MODEL; DOPPLER RADAR DATA; TROPICAL CYCLONES; BOUNDARY-LAYER; PART I; POTENTIAL INTENSITY; MAXIMUM INTENSITY; DATA ASSIMILATION; TURBULENT FLUXES; HEAT FLUXES AB Quantifying air-sea exchanges of enthalpy and momentum is important for understanding and skillfully predicting tropical cyclone intensity, but the magnitude of the corresponding wind speed-dependent bulk exchange coefficients is largely unknown at major hurricane wind speeds greater than 50 m s(-1). Since direct turbulent flux measurements in these conditions are extremely difficult, the momentum and enthalpy fluxes were deduced via absolute angular momentum and total energy budgets. An error analysis of the methodology was performed to quantify and mitigate potentially significant uncertainties resulting from unresolved budget terms and observational errors. An analysis of six missions from the 2003 Coupled Boundary Layers Air-Sea Transfer (CBLAST) field program in major hurricanes Fabian and Isabel was conducted using a new variational technique. The analysis indicates a near-surface mean drag coefficient C-D of 2.4 X 10(-3) with a 46% standard deviation and a mean enthalpy coefficient C-K of 1.0 x 10(-3) with a 40% standard deviation for wind speeds between 52 and 72 m s-1. These are the first known estimates of C-K and the ratio of enthalpy to drag coefficient C-K/C-D in major hurricanes. The results suggest that there is no significant change in the magnitude of the bulk exchange coefficients estimated at minimal hurricane wind speeds, and that the ratio C-K/C-D does not significantly increase for wind speeds greater than 50 m s(-1). C1 [Bell, Michael M.; Montgomery, Michael T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Bell, Michael M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Montgomery, Michael T.] NOAA, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL USA. [Emanuel, Kerry A.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Bell, MM (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Meteorol, 2525 Correa Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM mmbell@hawaii.edu RI Bell, Michael/B-1144-2009 OI Bell, Michael/0000-0002-0496-331X FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N0001407WR20290, N001408WR 20129]; National Science Foundation FX The Office of Naval Research (ONR) provided the financial support for this research through Awards N0001407WR20290 and N001408WR 20129. We would like to acknowledge Peter Black, the Naval Research Lab, United States Air Force, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and ONR for organizing the CBLAST experiment and collecting the data used for this study. Thanks also go to Jeanne Davencens and William Ramstrom for their preliminary work related to this research, and Michael Bell's Ph.D. committee for their valuable comments and feedback on the research.; The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. NR 62 TC 56 Z9 59 U1 3 U2 29 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 69 IS 11 BP 3197 EP 3222 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-11-0276.1 PG 26 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 031OU UT WOS:000310652500006 ER PT J AU Robinson, JT Zalalutdinov, MK Junkermeier, CE Culbertson, JC Reinecke, TL Stine, R Sheehan, PE Houston, BH Snow, ES AF Robinson, Jeremy T. Zalalutdinov, Maxim K. Junkermeier, Chad E. Culbertson, James C. Reinecke, Thomas L. Stine, Rory Sheehan, Paul E. Houston, Brian H. Snow, Eric S. TI Structural transformations in chemically modified graphene SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Graphene; Mechanical properties; Resonators; Re-crystallization ID EXFOLIATED GRAPHITE OXIDE; ELECTRONIC MATERIAL; VAPOR-DEPOSITION; CARBON-FILMS; LARGE-AREA; TRANSPARENT; REDUCTION AB In this article, we review our efforts to continuously tune mechanical and thermal properties in multilayer chemically modified graphene (CMG) films. An alteration of the graphene lattice by functional groups, by defects created during reduction, or by defect re-crystallization is used to control CMG mechanical and thermal properties. We attribute a notable increase in Young's modulus and film strength to an emerging network of sp(2)-sp(3) crosslinks established between graphene layers. Control over the film stress and strength enabled us to dramatically improve the performance of radio frequency CMG resonators by fine tuning the fabrication process. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Robinson, Jeremy T.; Zalalutdinov, Maxim K.; Junkermeier, Chad E.; Culbertson, James C.; Reinecke, Thomas L.; Stine, Rory; Sheehan, Paul E.; Houston, Brian H.; Snow, Eric S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Robinson, JT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Jeremy.robinson@nrl.navy.mil RI Robinson, Jeremy/F-2748-2010; Stine, Rory/C-6709-2013; Sheehan, Paul/B-4793-2010 OI Sheehan, Paul/0000-0003-2668-4124 FU Office of Naval Research; NRL's Nanoscience Institute FX The authors are grateful for funding from the Office of Naval Research and NRL's Nanoscience Institute. We thank David Zapotok and Dean St. Amand in NRL's Nanoscience Institute for continual technical support. We thank J.W. Baldwin and Z. Wei for assistance in material synthesis and resonator measurement. R.S. is an employee of Nova Research, Inc., Alexandria, VA. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 43 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 EI 1879-2766 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 152 IS 21 BP 1990 EP 1998 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2012.04.051 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 027YF UT WOS:000310389300013 ER PT J AU Simmons, RG Chandler, JF Horning, DS AF Simmons, Rita G. Chandler, Joseph F. Horning, Dain S. TI Forehead-Mounted Reflectance Oximetry for In-Cockpit Hypoxia Early Detection and Warning SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE reflectance sensor; pulse oximeter; hypoxia; hemoglobin saturation; Reduced Oxygen Breathing Device (ROBD) ID FINGER PULSE OXIMETRY; DESATURATION; RESATURATION; PERFORMANCE; ERRORS AB SIMMONS RC, CHANDLER JF, HORNING DS. Forehead-mounted reflectance oximetry for in-cockpit hypoxia early detection and warning. Aviat Space Environ Med 2012; 83:1067-76. Introduction: Effective hypoxia-related mishap prevention relies upon aircrew rapid recognition of hypoxia symptoms. The objectives of this experiment were twofold: to compare the effectiveness of a forehead-mounted reflectance oximeter and finger-mounted pulse oximeter for application in a hypoxia early warning detection system, and to determine whether the forehead-mounted sensor could be placed within an aviation helmet. Methods: Subjects donned an aviation flight mask and were instrumented with a forehead reflectance oximeter, a finger pulse oximeter, a blood pressure cuff, and a skin temperature sensor. Following instrumentation, subjects breathed ambient air for 10 min through the Reduced Oxygen Breathing Device (ROBD) to allow for acclimation. The baseline period was followed by one of two counterbalanced ascent profiles used to model rapid exposures to altitude. Data were collected at 1 Hz from both sensors for the duration of the protocol. Results: Analyses indicated an exceptionally strong agreement between the forehead and finger sensors at all ranges of desaturation. The sensitivity data revealed that the forehead sensor was significantly faster when responding to rapid changes in SpO2 than the finger. The sensor was successfully integrated inside the helmet; however, once donned by the subject, there was considerable artifact due to pressure fluctuations. Discussion: While these data may seem to suggest that the forehead sensor is accurate and sensitive to altitude induced changes in SpO2, major drawbacks exist for the technology utilized in the current study. Significant improvements aimed at diminishing noise, curbing motion artifact, and improving reliability are required to reduce errant measurements. C1 [Simmons, Rita G.; Chandler, Joseph F.; Horning, Dain S.] USN, Med Res Unit Dayton, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Simmons, RG (reprint author), USN, NAMRU Dayton, 2624 Q St,Bldg 851,Area B, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM rita.simmons@amedd.army.mil FU U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory, FT Rucker, AL FX This study was sponsored by the U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory, FT Rucker, AL. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 14 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 83 IS 11 BP 1067 EP 1076 DI 10.3357/ASEM.3156.2012 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 025IL UT WOS:000310182100007 PM 23156095 ER PT J AU Jang, J Trickett, SB Schunn, CD Trafton, JG AF Jang, Jooyoung Trickett, Susan Bell Schunn, Christian D. Trafton, J. Gregory TI Unpacking the temporal advantage of distributing complex visual displays SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER STUDIES LA English DT Article DE Information display; Information access cost; Cognitive load theory; Proximity compatibility theory ID COGNITIVE-LOAD APPROACH; INTERACTIVE BEHAVIOR; SOFT CONSTRAINTS; INFORMATION; DESIGN; ENVIRONMENTS; PERFORMANCE AB Spatial arrangement of information can have large effects on problem solving. Although such effects have been observed in various domains (e.g., instruction and interface designs), little is known about the cognitive processing mechanisms underlying these effects, nor its applicability to complex visual problem solving. In three experiments, we showed that the impact of spatial arrangement of information on problem solving time can be surprisingly large for complex real world tasks. It was also found that the effect can be caused by large increases in slow, external information searches (Experiment I), that the spatial arrangement itself is the critical factor and the effect is domain-general (Experiment 2a), and that the underlying mechanism can involve micro-strategy selection for information encoding in a response to differing information access cost (Experiment 2b). Overall, these studies show a large slowdown effect (i.e., approximately 30%) that stacking information produces over spatially distributed information, and multiple paths by which this effect can be produced. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jang, Jooyoung; Schunn, Christian D.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Psychol, Learning Res & Dev Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Trickett, Susan Bell; Trafton, J. Gregory] USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Jang, J (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Psychol, Learning Res & Dev Ctr, 823 LRDC,3939 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM joj15@pitt.edu OI Schunn, Christian/0000-0003-3589-297X FU Office of Naval Research [N000140610053, N0001406WX20091, N0001412WX21502, N0001412WX3008] FX The research was supported by grants from the Office of Naval Research: N000140610053 to the third author and N0001406WX20091, N0001412WX21502, and N0001412WX3008 to the fourth author. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1071-5819 J9 INT J HUM-COMPUT ST JI Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 70 IS 11 BP 812 EP 827 DI 10.1016/j.ijhcs.2012.07.003 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering; Psychology GA 023QJ UT WOS:000310049200003 ER PT J AU Benitez, AJ Diaz, MH Wolff, BJ Pimentel, G Njenga, MK Estevez, A Winchell, JM AF Benitez, Alvaro J. Diaz, Maureen H. Wolff, Bernard J. Pimentel, Guillermo Njenga, M. Kariuki Estevez, Alejandra Winchell, Jonas M. TI Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Clinical Isolates from 1962 to the Present: a Retrospective Study SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MACROLIDE RESISTANCE DETERMINATION; RESOLUTION MELT ANALYSIS; REAL-TIME PCR; INFECTIONS; SPECIMENS; STRAINS; FRENCH; TRACT AB In this study, we evaluated a recently developed multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) method for the molecular typing of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. The method is based on GeneScan analysis of five VNTR loci throughout the genome which define a specific genotype based on the number of tandem repeats within each locus. A retrospective analysis of 154 M. pneumoniae clinical isolates collected over the last 50 years and a limited (n = 4) number of M. pneumoniae-positive primary specimens acquired by the CDC was performed using MLVA. Eighteen distinct VNTR types were identified, including two previously unidentified VNTR types. Isolates from several M. pneumoniae community outbreaks within the United States were also analyzed to examine clonality of a specific MLVA type. Observed in vitro variability of the Mpn1 VNTR locus prompted further analysis, which showed multiple insertions or deletions of tandem repeats within this locus for a number of specimens and isolates. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing variation within the Mpn1 locus, thus affecting precise and reliable classification using the current MLVA typing system. The superior discriminatory capability of MLVA provides a powerful tool for greater resolution of M. pneumoniae strains and could be useful during outbreaks and epidemiological investigations. C1 [Benitez, Alvaro J.; Diaz, Maureen H.; Wolff, Bernard J.; Winchell, Jonas M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pimentel, Guillermo] USN, Med Res Ctr Frederick, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Njenga, M. Kariuki] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, GDD Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. [Estevez, Alejandra] Univ Valle de Guatemala, Ctr Hlth Studies, Guatemala City, Guatemala. RP Winchell, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jwinchell@cdc.gov OI Pimentel, Guillermo/0000-0003-2464-1526 NR 29 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 50 IS 11 BP 3620 EP 3626 DI 10.1128/JCM.01755-12 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 022NU UT WOS:000309966900034 PM 22952264 ER PT J AU Arnold, EM Schubbe, JJ Moran, PJ Bayles, RA AF Arnold, Eric M. Schubbe, Joel J. Moran, Patrick J. Bayles, Robert A. TI Comparison of SCC Thresholds and Environmentally Assisted Cracking in 7050-T7451 Aluminum Plate SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE aluminum alloys; aerospace vehicles; delamination; fatigue crack growth; fractography; fracture mechanics; mixed mode fracture ID ALLOYS AB Aerospace alloys, often aluminums, are frequently exposed to corrosive environments resulting from naval service. These environments may produce significant changes in crack growth characteristics in these materials. An experiment was designed to characterize the effects of environment on crack growth thresholds and fracture characteristics for existing cracks in aluminum 7050-T7451 plate material. This data will be comparatively analyzed against aluminum 7075-T7631, an alloy with known susceptibility to corrosion, in order to determine a relative susceptibility of 7050-T7451, generally considered a superior aluminum alloy in terms of strength and corrosion resistance. The resulting data and subsequent analysis can in turn be used in more accurate determination of aircraft component service life in common corrosive environments experienced by aircraft in naval service. C1 [Arnold, Eric M.; Schubbe, Joel J.; Moran, Patrick J.] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Bayles, Robert A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Arnold, EM (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM Schubbe@usna.edu NR 12 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 21 IS 11 BP 2480 EP 2486 DI 10.1007/s11665-012-0204-5 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 024CR UT WOS:000310085800033 ER PT J AU Romano, A Scheel, M Hirsch, S Braun, J Sack, I AF Romano, Anthony Scheel, Michael Hirsch, Sebastian Braun, Juergen Sack, Ingolf TI In vivo waveguide elastography of white matter tracts in the human brain SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE diffusion tensor imaging; magnetic resonance elastography; anisotropic inversions; white matter tracts; waveguide elastography; DTI; MRE ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE ELASTOGRAPHY; ANISOTROPIC MEDIA; VISCOELASTICITY; PROPAGATION AB White matter is composed primarily of myelinated axons which form fibrous, organized structures and can act as waveguides for the anisotropic propagation of sound. The evaluation of their elastic properties requires both knowledge of the orientation of these waveguides in space, as well as knowledge of the waves propagating along and through them. Here, we present waveguide elastography for the evaluation of the elastic properties of white matter tracts in the human brain, in vivo, using a fusion of diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic resonance elastography, spatial-spectral filtering, a Helmholtz decomposition, and anisotropic inversions, and apply this method to evaluate the material parameters of the corticospinal tracts of five healthy human volunteers. We begin with an Orthotropic inversion model and demonstrate that redundancies in the solution for the nine elastic coefficients indicate that the corticospinal tracts can be approximated by a Hexagonal model (transverse isotropy) comprised of five elastic coefficients representative of a medium with fibers aligned parallel to a central axis, and provides longitudinal and transverse wave velocities on the order of 5.7 m/s and 2.1 m/s, respectively. This method is intended as a new modality to assess white matter structure and health by means of the evaluation of the anisotropic elasticity tensor of nerve fibers. Magn Reson Med, 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Romano, Anthony] USN, Res Lab, Phys Acoust Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Scheel, Michael; Hirsch, Sebastian; Sack, Ingolf] Charite, Dept Radiol, D-13353 Berlin, Germany. [Braun, Juergen] Charite, Inst Med Informat, D-13353 Berlin, Germany. RP Romano, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Phys Acoust Branch, 4555 Overlook Ave,Code 7130, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Anthony.romano@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; German Research Foundation [Sa901/7, Sa901/8] FX Grant sponsors: Office of Naval Research and German Research Foundation grants Sa901/7 and Sa901/8. NR 33 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0740-3194 EI 1522-2594 J9 MAGN RESON MED JI Magn. Reson. Med. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 68 IS 5 BP 1410 EP 1422 DI 10.1002/mrm.24141 PG 13 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 023UR UT WOS:000310062300009 PM 22252792 ER PT J AU Atkinson, MP Kress, M Szechtman, R AF Atkinson, Michael P. Kress, Moshe Szechtman, Roberto TI Carrots, sticks and fog during insurgencies SO MATHEMATICAL SOCIAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS; MODEL AB We formulate a rational choice model of popular behavior during an insurgency. An individual in the population either supports the insurgents or the government depending upon his attitude and the actions taken by each side. We focus on the effect of insurgency actions: benefits, impositions, and coercion. While benefits and impositions are applied uniformly throughout, the insurgents intend to only coerce those actively providing information to the government. However, due to the "fog of war", which may lead to limited situational awareness, the insurgents may mistakenly coerce their own supporters and potentially drive them to aid the government. We examine how popular behavior varies under different situational awareness scenarios. When the insurgents have little situational awareness, they should take few coercive actions. This implies that the government will be able to foster intelligence sources within the population. If the insurgents have perfect situational awareness, tipping points may occur that result in a significant reduction in active support for the government. In this case the government should take actions to decrease the coercing effectiveness of the insurgents and increase incentives to the population so they continue to provide information. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Atkinson, Michael P.; Kress, Moshe; Szechtman, Roberto] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Atkinson, MP (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM mpatkins@nps.edu; mkress@nps.edu; rszechtm@nps.edu NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-4896 J9 MATH SOC SCI JI Math. Soc. Sci. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 64 IS 3 BP 203 EP 213 DI 10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2012.03.007 PG 11 WC Economics; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Business & Economics; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 025KN UT WOS:000310187900001 ER PT J AU Johnson, SP Catania, JM Harman, RJ Jensen, ED AF Johnson, Shawn P. Catania, Jeffrey M. Harman, Robert J. Jensen, Eric D. TI Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Collection and Characterization in Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) SO STEM CELLS AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID BLUBBER; TUMESCENT; THERAPY; TISSUE; AGE AB To assess the regenerative properties and potential therapeutic value of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in the bottlenose dolphin, there is a need to determine whether an adequate adipose depot exists, in addition to the development of a standardized technique for minimally invasive adipose collection. In this study, an ultrasound-guided liposuction technique for adipose collection was assessed for its safety and efficacy. The ultrasound was utilized to identify and measure the postnuchal adipose depot and aid in the guidance of the liposuction cannula during aspiration. Liposuction procedures from 6 dolphins yielded 0.9-12.7 g of adipose. All samples yielded sufficient nucleated cells to initiate primary cell cultures, and at passage 2, were successfully differentiated into adipogenic, chondrogenic, neurogenic, and osteogenic cell lineages. The cultured dolphin cells expressed known stem-cell-associated CD markers, CD44 and CD90. Ultrasound-guided liposuction proved to be a safe and minimally invasive procedure that resulted in the successful isolation of ASCs in bottlenose dolphins. This is the first article that conclusively establishes the presence of stem cells in the dolphin. C1 [Johnson, Shawn P.] Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Catania, Jeffrey M.; Harman, Robert J.] Vet Stem Inc, Poway, CA USA. [Jensen, Eric D.] USN, Marine Mammal Program, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Johnson, SP (reprint author), Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, 2240 Shelter Isl Dr,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM shawn.johnson@nmmfoundation.org FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-09-C-0378]; Flow Cytometry Core at the UC San Diego Center for AIDS Research [A136214]; VA San Diego Health Care System; San Diego Veterans Medical Research Foundation FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research Contract N00014-09-C-0378. The authors wish to thank the veterinarians, technicians, and staff at the U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program and the National Marine Mammal Foundation for their assistance and support and Elizabeth Hoffman for initiating the partnership with Vet-Stem. Flow cytometry work was performed with the support of the Flow Cytometry Core at the UC San Diego Center for AIDS Research (A136214), the VA San Diego Health Care System, and the San Diego Veterans Medical Research Foundation. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1547-3287 J9 STEM CELLS DEV JI Stem Cells Dev. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 21 IS 16 BP 2949 EP 2957 DI 10.1089/scd.2012.0039 PG 9 WC Cell & Tissue Engineering; Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Transplantation SC Cell Biology; Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Transplantation GA 023UH UT WOS:000310060900005 PM 22530932 ER PT J AU Holway, K Thaxton, CS Calantoni, J AF Holway, Kevin Thaxton, Christopher S. Calantoni, Joseph TI Application of a simple power law for transport ratio with bimodal distributions of spherical grains under oscillatory forcing SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Morphodynamics; Bimodal; Sediment transport; Coarse grains; Modeling ID SEDIMENT-TRANSPORT; SHEET FLOW; MODEL; NEARSHORE AB Morphodynamic models of coastal evolution require relatively simple parameterizations of sediment transport for application over larger scales. Calantoni and Thaxton (2008) [6] presented a transport parameterization for bimodal distributions of coarse quartz grains derived from detailed boundary layer simulations for sheet flow and near sheet flow conditions. The simulation results, valid over a range of wave forcing conditions and large-to small-grain diameter ratios, were successfully parameterized with a simple power law that allows for the prediction of the transport rates of each size fraction. Here, we have applied the simple power law to a two-dimensional cellular automaton to simulate sheet flow transport. Model results are validated with experiments performed in the small oscillating flow tunnel (S-OFT) at the Naval Research Laboratory at Stennis Space Center, MS, in which sheet flow transport was generated with a bed composed of a bimodal distribution of non-cohesive grains. The work presented suggests that, under the conditions specified, algorithms that incorporate the power law may correctly reproduce laboratory bed surface measurements of bimodal sheet flow transport while inherently incorporating vertical mixing by size. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Holway, Kevin; Thaxton, Christopher S.] Appalachian State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Boone, NC 28608 USA. [Calantoni, Joseph] USN, Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Thaxton, CS (reprint author), Appalachian State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 525 Rivers St, Boone, NC 28608 USA. EM kh73432@appstate.edu; thaxtoncs@appstate.edu; joe.calantoni@nrlssc.navy.mil RI Holway, Kevin/D-1498-2013; OI Holway, Kevin/0000-0003-3709-0815; Thaxton, Chris/0000-0001-5921-428X FU Naval Research Enterprise Intern Program [NREIP 2011]; American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) at the Naval Research Laboratory; NASA North Carolina Space Grant; National Science Foundation SSTEM program (NSF) [0754923]; Appalachian State University Office of Student Research, Boone, NC; Naval Research Laboratory from the Office of Naval Research (PE) [61153N] FX KH was supported by the Naval Research Enterprise Intern Program (NREIP 2011) sponsored by the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) at the Naval Research Laboratory. KH and CT were supported by the NASA North Carolina Space Grant (2010 & 2011), the National Science Foundation SSTEM program (NSF #0754923), and the Appalachian State University Office of Student Research, Boone, NC. JC was supported under base funding to the Naval Research Laboratory from the Office of Naval Research (PE#61153N). The authors wish to thank In Mei Sou and Tim Kooney for their support in obtaining the laboratory measurements. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 48 BP 47 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.04.003 PG 8 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 017FN UT WOS:000309575600005 ER PT J AU Denning, PJ Bell, T AF Denning, Peter J. Bell, Tim TI The Information Paradox Classical information theory has no room for meaning-but humans persist in assigning meaning. How can we reconcile this difference? SO AMERICAN SCIENTIST LA English DT Article ID MATHEMATICAL-THEORY; COMMUNICATION C1 [Denning, Peter J.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Innovat & Informat Super, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Bell, Tim] Univ Canterbury, Dept Comp Sci & Software Engn, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. RP Denning, PJ (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Innovat & Informat Super, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM pjd@nps.edu NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIGMA XI-SCI RES SOC PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 13975, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA SN 0003-0996 EI 1545-2786 J9 AM SCI JI Am. Scientist PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 100 IS 6 BP 470 EP 477 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 020DQ UT WOS:000309789300017 ER PT J AU Bays, MJ Shende, A Stilwell, DJ Redfield, SA AF Bays, Matthew J. Shende, Apoorva Stilwell, Daniel J. Redfield, Signe A. TI Theory and experimental results for the multiple aspect coverage problem SO OCEAN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Autonomous underwater vehicles; Robotics; Survey techniques; Path planning AB We introduce a novel task that arises in underwater search and inspection. In this task, an underwater vehicle must re-acquire and identify clusters of discrete objects. The challenge is to generate an efficient path for the vehicle given a probabilistic description of potential target locations. We propose an algorithm that generates an efficient path and show that the algorithm is superior to standard approaches. Hardware implementation and field experiments using this algorithm are presented using a REMUS-100 autonomous underwater vehicle on simulated targets. The use of this algorithm is compared to two baseline methods of performing a multiple-aspect coverage mission. The field experiments imply that the proposed algorithm is superior in speed to the baseline methods. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bays, Matthew J.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Panama City Div, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. [Shende, Apoorva; Stilwell, Daniel J.] Virginia Tech, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Redfield, Signe A.] Off Naval Res Global, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. RP Bays, MJ (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Panama City Div, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. EM mjb222@vt.edu; apoorva@vt.edu; stilwell@vt.edu; signe@ieee.org FU NSWC PC In-house Laboratory Independent Research; Office of Naval Research [N00014-08-1-0115]; DoD SMART fellowship program FX This work was funded by NSWC PC In-house Laboratory Independent Research, the Office of Naval Research via Grant N00014-08-1-0115, and the DoD SMART fellowship program. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0029-8018 J9 OCEAN ENG JI Ocean Eng. PD NOV 1 PY 2012 VL 54 BP 51 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2012.06.023 PG 10 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 017VO UT WOS:000309619500006 ER PT J AU Lim, AA Salas, C Kumar, AR AF Lim, Alan A. Salas, Carlos Kumar, Anand R. TI Humanitarian Cleft Care in Southeast Asia: Military-Civilian Partnerships and the Role of the US Navy Ship Mercy SO JOURNAL OF CRANIOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Article DE Cleft lip; cleft palate; humanitarian mission; Pacific Partnership; USNS Mercy AB The primary mission of the US Navy (USN) is to maintain superior naval forces capable of winning wars, deterring aggression, and maintaining freedom of the seas. However, a major core capability of the present-day USN includes the ability to effectively and rapidly provide humanitarian assistance and disaster response whenever the need arises. Occurring annually since 2006, Pacific Partnership is an ongoing USN operation that aims to strengthen regional alliances and improve delivery of humanitarian assistance and disaster relief. A major focus of Pacific Partnership 2010 was the delivery of medical care to underserved communities in the region. A significant portion of the medical mission was specifically directed toward the treatment of patients with cleft lip and palate. As the main operational platform, the USN Ship Mercy provided an unparalleled environment in which to provide state-of-the-art multidisciplinary treatment to patients with cleft lip and palate. With the cooperation of host nations and locally active non-governmental organizations, a sustainable model for providing treatment for cleft lip and palate can be developed. C1 [Lim, Alan A.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Naval Med Ctr, Dept Plast & Reconstruct Surg, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Salas, Carlos] Univ Colorado, Sch Dent Med, Aurora, CO USA. [Kumar, Anand R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Div Pediat Plast Surg, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Lim, AA (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Plast & Reconstruct Surg, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM Alan.Lim@med.navy.mil NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1049-2275 EI 1536-3732 J9 J CRANIOFAC SURG JI J. Craniofac. Surg. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 23 SU 1 BP 1950 EP 1953 DI 10.1097/SCS.0b013e31825b382d PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA V40MA UT WOS:000209481500005 PM 23154375 ER PT J AU Karafiath, G AF Karafiath, Gabor TI Stern End Bulb for Energy Enhancement and Speed Improvement SO JOURNAL OF SHIP PRODUCTION AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE resistance; powering; stern bulb; stern flap; wave-making AB Unlike the bow bulb, the stern end bulb (SEB) has been used on just a few ships to improve performance. In one of these rare, full-scale applications, a maximum resistance reduction in the 5% to 7% range is claimed. A few applications of SEBs are shown along with some model test data for a Naval Auxiliary ship. The rationale for SEB is discussed along with the hydrodynamic mechanism associated with a SEB. In addition to wave-making reduction, the SEB can reduce eddy-making and possibly improve course-keeping. The results of several fluid flow computations with initial SEB designs are shown for two ship classes: the T-AKE LEWIS and CLARK dry cargo ship and the DDG 51 ARLEIGH BURKE destroyer. The calculations use the Ship Wave Inviscid Flow Theory potential flow computer code and the FreeRans viscous flow free surface computer code. Several SEBs were designed and investigated analytically for the T-AKE class ships, and the best of these is predicted to reduce resistance by 4.5% at 20 knots. In addition, several initial SEB/Stern Flap configurations were designed for the DDG 51 Class Flight IIa destroyers and five configurations, some with just an SEB added to the hull and others with a combined SEB-Stern Flap configuration were model-tested. The examination of these initial efforts led to the design of several new-style combined SEB-Stern flap configurations, the best of which is predicted to save at least 745 Bbls of fuel per ship per year. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Resistance & Prop Div, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Karafiath, G (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Resistance & Prop Div, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. FU Naval Surface Warfare Center Independent Applied Research Program FX The work was sponsored by the Naval Surface Warfare Center Independent Applied Research Program administered by Dr. John Barkyoumb. The hydrodynamic calculations were performed by Dr. Chen Wen Lin and Mr. Steven Fisher off code 5700. The model SEBs were manufactured using the Synthetic Lithography Apparatus (SLA), rapid prototyping machine, which uses computer-guided laser beams that solidify a liquid epoxy resin at specified locations. Mr. David Schwarzenberg and Mr Bryson Metcalf performed the SLA computer programming and were in charge of the model manufacturing. Mr. Dominic Cusanelli conducted the model tests and analysis. I am grateful for all these efforts. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SOC NAVAL ARCHITECTS MARINE ENGINEERS PI JERSEY CITY PA 601 PAVONIA AVENUE, JERSEY CITY, NJ 07306 USA SN 2158-2866 EI 2158-2874 J9 J SHIP PROD DES JI J. Ship Prod. Des. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 28 IS 4 BP 172 EP 181 DI 10.5957/JSPD.28.4.120050 PG 10 WC Engineering, Marine SC Engineering GA V35PF UT WOS:000209160300004 ER PT J AU Cusanelli, DS AF Cusanelli, Dominic S. TI Hydrodynamic and Supportive Structure for Gated Ship Sterns: Amphibious Ship Stern Flap SO JOURNAL OF SHIP PRODUCTION AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE stern flap; amphibious ship; stern gate support structure; ship performance trial; fuel consumption AB Stern flaps have now been at sea for more than two decades on a variety of U.S. Navy (USN) and U.S. Coast Guard classes, including destroyers, cruisers, frigates, cutters, and patrol craft. Application of flaps to large-deck amphibious-type ships is a fairly recent extension of the technology. Ship performance improvements such as delivered power reduction and fuel savings, and maximum speed increases, have been proven during at-sea trials and are well documented (Cusanelli 2002). USN amphibious ships contain well decks, which are accessed through large folding stern gates. When open, the gates are supported by sizable structures, which are partially submerged and affixed to the transom. A new concept, the hydrodynamic and supportive structure for gated ship sterns, i.e., the amphibious stern flap, was developed and patented by the author (Cusanelli 2004a). This design combines a stern flap's hydrodynamic performance surface with the stern gate support structure. The Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division, has now designed and implemented this new type of integrated stern flap and gate support structure on several USN amphibious ship classes. USN ship design and research and development (R&D) programs have resulted in amphibious stern flaps being implemented as new construction items on two new Navy amphibious ship classes and one new subclass. The Fleet Readiness R&D Program has funded amphibious stern flap design, retrofit installations, and evaluation trials on two existing amphibious ships. Each amphibious stern flap design spiral, model-test series, optimization, full-scale implementation as well as performance benefits and fuel savings are discussed. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div NSWCCD, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Cusanelli, DS (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div NSWCCD, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. FU Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) Office SEA O3D4, RDTE; NAVSEA [PMS377]; Energy Plans and Policy Branch through the Shipboard Energy R&D Office (NSWCCD) [OPNAV N420, 859]; Fleet Readiness Research & Development Program (FRRDP) [971] FX The SAN ANTONIO (LPD 17) Class design program was sponsored by Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) Office SEA O3D4, RDT&E funding. The AMERICA (LHA 6) Class design program was sponsored by NAVSEA, Office PMS377. Model-scale stern flap design and testing program for MAKIN ISLAND (LHD 8), entitled "LHD(8) stern flap," was sponsored by the Energy Plans and Policy Branch (OPNAV N420) through the Shipboard Energy R&D Office (NSWCCD Code 859). The initial model-scale stern flap design and testing programs for the WASP (LHD 1) Class and for the WHIDBEY ISLAND (LSD 41) Class, entitled "Hydro-LSD/LHD Stern Flap," were sponsored by the Energy Plans and Policy Branch (OPNAV N420) through the Shipboard Energy R&D Office (NSWCCD Code 859). Funding for the full-scale installation, trials, and evaluation on both the KEARSARGE (LHD 3) and the WHIDBEY ISLAND (LSD 41) is through the Fleet Readiness Research & Development Program (FRR&DP) administered previously by R. Griggel (NSWCCD Code 916) and currently by A. Stankovich (Code 971). All amphibious stern flaps described here were designed by the author with the exception of that for the AMERICA (LHA 6), which was designed by K. Forgach (NSWCCD 5800). NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOC NAVAL ARCHITECTS MARINE ENGINEERS PI JERSEY CITY PA 601 PAVONIA AVENUE, JERSEY CITY, NJ 07306 USA SN 2158-2866 EI 2158-2874 J9 J SHIP PROD DES JI J. Ship Prod. Des. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 28 IS 4 BP 182 EP 190 DI 10.5957/JSPD.28.4.120046 PG 9 WC Engineering, Marine SC Engineering GA V35PF UT WOS:000209160300005 ER PT J AU Hammamieh, R Chakraborty, N De Lima, TCM Meyerhoff, J Gautam, A Muhie, S D'Arpa, P Lumley, L Carroll, E Jett, M AF Hammamieh, Rasha Chakraborty, Nabarun De Lima, Thereza C. M. Meyerhoff, James Gautam, Aarti Muhie, Seid D'Arpa, Peter Lumley, Lucille Carroll, Erica Jett, Marti TI Murine model of repeated exposures to conspecific trained aggressors simulates features of post-traumatic stress disorder SO BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE PTSD; Stress effects; Avoidance; Dendritic spines; Cardiovascular disease ID MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; SOCIAL-DEFEAT STRESS; GERBILS MERIONES-UNGUICULATUS; ANXIETY-LIKE BEHAVIOR; CHRONIC MILD STRESS; ANIMAL-MODELS; MALE-MICE; PREPULSE INHIBITION; AGONISTIC BEHAVIOR; GROOMING BEHAVIOR AB We evaluated repeated exposures of mice to a trained aggressor mouse as a model (adapted from "social stress" models of traumatic stress) for aspects of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Using a "cage-within-cage resident-intruder" protocol, subject C57BL/6J mice were exposed to aggressors for 6 h daily for 5 or 10 days. At one to three random times during each 6-h session, subjects were exposed directly to aggressor for 1 min or 10 bites, whichever came first. Behavioral, physiological, and histological changes associated with aggressor-exposure were assessed for up to 6 weeks. During aggressor exposure, subjects displayed less territorial behavior, gained weight, and increased body temperature. One day after the last aggressor exposure, inflammatory cardiac histopathologies were prevalent; after 10 days, only mild myocardial degeneration with fibrosis or fibroplasias was evident, while controls showed almost no cardiac abnormalities at any time. After 4 weeks, the medial prefrontal cortex of control mice showed increased dendritic spine density, but aggressor-exposed mice showed no increase. Behaviors affected by aggressor exposure were evaluated in a partition test wherein the subject mouse is separated from the aggressor by a fenestrated partition that permits sensory cues to pass but prevents direct physical interaction. For up to 4-6 weeks after the last aggressor exposure, subjects showed prolonged grooming, freezing, retarded locomotion and no tail rattling. PTSD and its co-morbidities are often consequent to repeated aggravated "social" assaults (e.g., combat) and manifest socially over time, suggesting the relevance of this repeated aggressor-exposure model to clinical aspects of PTSD. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Hammamieh, Rasha; Chakraborty, Nabarun; Meyerhoff, James; Gautam, Aarti; Muhie, Seid; D'Arpa, Peter; Jett, Marti] USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [De Lima, Thereza C. M.] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Pharmacol, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. [Lumley, Lucille] USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen, MD USA. [Carroll, Erica] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Hammamieh, R (reprint author), 568 Doughten Dr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Rasha.Hammamieh1@us.army.mil RI Lima, Thereza/C-6812-2015 OI Lima, Thereza/0000-0002-3253-7350 FU U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) FX This research was sponsored by the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command and had the financial support of the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), which provided a sabbatical grant to Dr. T.C.M. De Lima. The authors would like to thank Stacy-Ann Miller, Monique Melige, Bintu Sowe, Seshamalini Srinivasan, and Meskerem Jibitu for their technical support and assistance. NR 105 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-4328 J9 BEHAV BRAIN RES JI Behav. Brain Res. PD NOV 1 PY 2012 VL 235 IS 1 BP 55 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.07.022 PG 12 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 010LM UT WOS:000309095900008 PM 22824590 ER PT J AU Lander, BA Checchi, KD Koplin, SA Smith, VF Domanski, TL Isaac, DD Lin, S AF Lander, Blaine A. Checchi, Kyle D. Koplin, Stephen A. Smith, Virginia F. Domanski, Tammy L. Isaac, Daniel D. Lin, Shirley TI Extracytoplasmic Stress Responses Induced by Antimicrobial Cationic Polyethylenimines SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; INDUCTION; COATINGS; BACTERIA; SURFACES; ENVELOPE; PATHWAY AB The ability of an antimicrobial, cationic polyethylenimine (PEI+) to induce the three known extracytoplasmic stress responses of Escherichia coli was quantified. Exposure of E. coli to PEI+ in solution revealed specific, concentration-dependent induction of the Cpx extracytoplasmic cellular stress response, similar to 2.0-2.5-fold at 320 mu g/mL after 1.5 h without significant induction of the sigma(E) or Bae stress responses. In comparison, exposure of E. coli to a non-antimicrobial polymer, poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), resulted in no induction of the three stress responses. The antimicrobial small molecule vanillin, a known membrane pore-forming compound, was observed to cause specific, concentration-dependent induction of the sigma(E) stress response, similar to 6-fold at 640 mu g/mL after 1.5 h, without significant induction of the Cpx or Bae stress responses. The different stress response induction profiles of PEI+ and vanillin suggest that although both are antimicrobial compounds, they interact with the bacterial membrane and extracytoplasmic area by unique mechanisms. EPR studies of liposomes containing spin-labeled lipids exposed to PEI+, vanillin, and PEO reveal that PEI+ and PEO increased membrane stability, whereas vanillin was found to have no effect. C1 [Lander, Blaine A.; Checchi, Kyle D.; Koplin, Stephen A.; Smith, Virginia F.; Isaac, Daniel D.; Lin, Shirley] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Domanski, Tammy L.] Anne Arundel Community Coll, Dept Biol, Arnold, MD 21012 USA. RP Lin, S (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, 572 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM lin@usna.edu FU Research Corporation Cottrell College Science Award; National Biomedical EPR Center under NIH [EB001980]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency Service Academy Initiative; ONR [N0001409WR40059] FX SL thanks the Research Corporation Cottrell College Science Award. VFS thanks the National Biomedical EPR Center for a training stipend under NIH grant EB001980. The authors thank the Defense Threat Reduction Agency Service Academy Initiative and ONR funding document N0001409WR40059 for partial financial support. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 65 IS 5 BP 488 EP 492 DI 10.1007/s00284-012-0182-8 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 012GP UT WOS:000309224500003 PM 22797865 ER PT J AU de Albuquerque, NR Vellasco, MMMR Mun, J Housel, TJ AF de Albuquerque, Nelson R. Vellasco, Marley M. M. R. Mun, Johnathan Housel, Thomas J. TI Human Capital valuation and return of investment on corporate education SO EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Intangible asset; Human Capital; KVA; Fuzzy logic; Vision-based process AB This paper presents the Attitude, Skills, Knowledge, and Experience-Knowledge Value Added (ASKE-KVA) methodology developed from the designed Individual Technical Competence (ITC) of a value chain to assess changes in the Human Capital of a company. It is based on the Knowledge Value Added (KVA) method, which proposes the use of a proxy variable for measuring the flow of knowledge used in a key Process. This variable creates a relationship between the company's financial results and the resources used in each of the business processes. The KVA method uses an indicator that measures the result of knowledge per unit (K mu), which transforms costs and investments in the same unit. The ASKE-KVA methodology expands the previous concept, using fuzzy logic to measure the flow of knowledge associated with each ITC and, therefore, making it possible to obtain the return on investment of a particular business process. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mun, Johnathan; Housel, Thomas J.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Montrey, CA USA. [de Albuquerque, Nelson R.; Vellasco, Marley M. M. R.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro, BR-22453 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Mun, J (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Montrey, CA USA. EM nelson.a@ele.puc-rio.br; marley@ele.puc-rio.br; jcmun@realoptionsvaluation.com; tjhousel@nps.edu NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0957-4174 J9 EXPERT SYST APPL JI Expert Syst. Appl. PD NOV 1 PY 2012 VL 39 IS 15 BP 11934 EP 11943 DI 10.1016/j.eswa.2012.03.002 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 980GI UT WOS:000306881200014 ER PT J AU Amara, J AF Amara, Jomana TI Implications of military stabilization efforts on economic development and security: The case of Iraq SO JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Conflict; Iraq; Economic re-construction; Surge; Security ID POLICY; GROWTH; MODELS AB The United States used a combination of economic, political, and military means to effect change in Iraq. Most notably, the United States used a buildup of security forces, the "surge", as an intervention to stabilize Iraq. This article uses structural change tests to determine the effect of the intervention on security and economic metrics of success. There appears to be compelling evidence that several events may have had a direct influence on security variables with the surge being one of the events. There is little to suggest that the surge was the primary intervention that enhanced economic development and political order. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Def Resources Management Inst, Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Amara, J (reprint author), Def Resources Management Inst, Naval Postgrad Sch, 699 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jhamara@nps.edu NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3878 J9 J DEV ECON JI J. Dev. Econ. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 99 IS 2 BP 244 EP 254 DI 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2012.02.001 PG 11 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 010KD UT WOS:000309092400005 ER PT J AU Farren, JD Hunter, AH Dupont, JN Seidman, DN Robino, CV Kozeschnik, E AF Farren, Jeffrey D. Hunter, Allen H. Dupont, John N. Seidman, David N. Robino, Charles V. Kozeschnik, Ernst TI Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Fusion Welds in an Iron-Copper-Based Multicomponent Steel SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Approaches for Investigating Phase Transformations at the Atomic Scale CY FEB 27-MAR 03, 2011 CL San Diego, CA ID FE-CU-NI; RESOLUTION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; PRESSURE-VESSEL STEELS; ATOM-PROBE TOMOGRAPHY; 111 SCREW DISLOCATION; LOW-CARBON STEELS; ALPHA-IRON; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; ACICULAR FERRITE; COMPUTER-SIMULATION AB NUCu-140 is a copper-precipitation-strengthened steel that exhibits excellent mechanical properties with a relatively simple chemical composition and processing schedule. As a result, NUCu-140 is a candidate material for use in many naval and structural applications. Before NUCu-140 can be implemented as a replacement for currently used materials, the weldability of this material must be determined under a wide range of welding conditions. This research represents an initial step toward understanding the microstructural and mechanical property evolution that occurs during fusion welding of NUCu-140. Microhardness traverses and tensile testing using digital image correlation show local softening in the heat-affected zone (HAZ). Microstructural characterization using light optical microscopy (LOM) revealed very few differences in the softened regions compared with the base metal. Local-electrode atom-probe (LEAP) tomography demonstrates that local softening occurs as a result of dissolution of the Cu-rich precipitates. MatCalc kinetic simulations (Vienna, Austria) were combined with welding heat-flow calculations to model the precipitate evolution within the HAZ. Reasonably good agreement was obtained between the measured and calculated precipitate radii, number density, and volume fraction of the Cu-rich precipitates in the weld. These results were used with a precipitate-strengthening model to understand strength variations within the HAZ. C1 [Farren, Jeffrey D.] USN, Welding & Nondestruct Evaluat Carderock Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Hunter, Allen H.; Seidman, David N.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Dupont, John N.] Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Robino, Charles V.] Sandia Natl Labs, Joining & Coatings Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Kozeschnik, Ernst] Vienna Univ Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. RP Farren, JD (reprint author), USN, Welding & Nondestruct Evaluat Carderock Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM jnd1@lehigh.edu RI Seidman, David/B-6697-2009 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-07-1-0331, N00014-09-1-0361]; NSF-MRI [DMR-0420532]; ONR-DURIP [N00014-0400798, N00014-0610539, N00014-0910781] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support of this research by the Office of Naval Research through grants N00014-07-1-0331 and N00014-09-1-0361, as well as useful discussions with the Program Manager, Dr. William Mullins, of the Office of Naval Research. LEAP measurements were performed at the Northwestern University Center for Atom-Probe Tomography (NUCAPT). The LEAP tomography system was purchased and upgraded with funding from NSF-MRI grant DMR-0420532 and ONR-DURIP grants N00014-0400798, N00014-0610539, and N00014-0910781. NR 61 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 EI 1543-1940 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 43A IS 11 BP 4155 EP 4170 DI 10.1007/s11661-012-1249-7 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 012MI UT WOS:000309239900026 ER PT J AU Rose, PS Swanson, RL Cochran, JK AF Rose, Paula S. Swanson, R. Lawrence Cochran, J. Kirk TI Medically-derived I-131 in municipal sewage effluent SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Iodine; I-131; Sewage; Sewage effluent; Wastewater; Medical radioisotopes; Nuclear medicine ID WATER TREATMENT-PLANT; THYROID-GLANDS; IODINE; SLUDGE; RADIONUCLIDES; SEDIMENTS; GEOCHEMISTRY; RADIOIODINE; SOILS; SYSTEM AB This work presents I-131 (t(1/2) = 8.04 d) concentrations in sewage effluent from the Stony Brook Water Pollution Control Plant (WPCP), a small plant serving a regional thyroid cancer treatment facility in Stony Brook, NY, USA. The concentrations detected in sewage effluent ranged from 1.8 +/- 0.3 to 227 +/- 2 Bq L-1. The primary source of I-131 is excreta from thyroid cancer inpatients treated at the Stony Brook University Medical Center. Based on several time series measurements following known inpatient treatments, the mean sewage half-life (T-s) of iodine is 3 d in this plant. The T-s, analogous to a radioactive half-life, describes the time it takes for half of a wastewater component to be removed from a WPCP. Flow recycling, or activated sludge, used to maintain bacterial populations necessary for sewage treatment causes iodine to remain in this plant far longer than its hydraulic retention time. The experimental results suggest that most I-131 entering the Stony Brook WPCP leaves in sewage effluent, not in sewage sludge. Patient treatments can result in continuous discharges of I-131 to surface waters where it can be used as a tracer of sewage-derived material and to understand the behavior of I-131 in aquatic environments. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Rose, Paula S.; Swanson, R. Lawrence; Cochran, J. Kirk] SUNY Stony Brook, Marine Sci Res Ctr, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Rose, PS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, NRC Postdoctoral Res Associate, Code 6114,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM paula.rose.ctr@nrl.navy.mil NR 37 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD NOV 1 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 17 BP 5663 EP 5671 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2012.07.045 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 013HS UT WOS:000309297100021 PM 22925394 ER PT J AU Osswald, S Chmiola, J Gogotsi, Y AF Osswald, Sebastian Chmiola, John Gogotsi, Yury TI Structural evolution of carbide-derived carbons upon vacuum annealing SO CARBON LA English DT Article ID GRAPHITE AB Microstructure and surface moieties of porous carbons play a significant role in affecting their performance in a variety of applications. While it is well known that high-temperature treatments of porous carbons can influence the microstructure, no systematic studies have been done on carbide-derived carbons. We show that vacuum annealing increases the pore volume and specific surface area of titanium carbide-derived carbon with no significant change in the pore size up to 1500 degrees C. This treatment produces porous carbons with subnanometer porosity and a specific surface area up to 2000 m(2)/g, while treating the samples at temperatures above 1600 degrees C increases the pore size above 1 nm because of graphitization and collapse of the micropore structure. The results demonstrate that vacuum treatment can be used to further tune the pore structure and potentially the surface functionality of carbide-derived carbons for supercapacitor electrodes, gas chromatography, sorption, sensing and other applications. Vacuum annealing of carbide-derived carbon is therefore a suitable alternative to conventional microstructure modification methods, such as gas or liquid phase activation, which are subject to substantial sample loss and result in additional surface functionalization. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Osswald, Sebastian] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Chmiola, John] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94122 USA. [Gogotsi, Yury] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Gogotsi, Yury] AJ Drexel Nanotechnol Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Osswald, S (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, 1 Univ Circle, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM sosswald@nps.edu RI Gogotsi, Yury/B-2167-2008 OI Gogotsi, Yury/0000-0001-9423-4032 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-FG02-07ER46473] FX The authors are grateful to P. Valenzuela and Dr. G. Yushin (currently at Georgia Tech) for experimental help with TEM analysis. We would also like to thank Dr. Ranjan K. Dash (Y-Carbon), Boris Dyatkin (Drexel University), and Dr. Patrice Simon (Universite Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France) for helpful discussions. Research at Drexel University was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Award No. DE-FG02-07ER46473. NR 29 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 54 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD NOV PY 2012 VL 50 IS 13 BP 4880 EP 4886 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2012.06.016 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 005XT UT WOS:000308784100016 ER PT J AU Godfrey, DA Kaltenbach, JA Chen, KJ Ilyas, O Liu, XC Licari, F Sacks, J McKnight, D AF Godfrey, Donald A. Kaltenbach, James A. Chen, Kejian Ilyas, Omer Liu, Xiaochen Licari, Frank Sacks, Justin McKnight, Darwin TI Amino acid concentrations in the hamster central auditory system and long-term effects of intense tone exposure SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE aspartate; glutamate; glycine; taurine; tinnitus ID DORSAL COCHLEAR NUCLEUS; SPONTANEOUS NEURAL ACTIVITY; MEDIAL GENICULATE-BODY; INDUCED HEARING-LOSS; INFERIOR COLLICULUS; ACOUSTIC TRAUMA; GLUTAMATE-DECARBOXYLASE; SUPERIOR OLIVE; SOUND EXPOSURE; BRAIN-STEM AB Exposure to intense sounds often leads to loss of hearing of environmental sounds and hearing of a monotonous tonal sound not actually present, a condition known as tinnitus. Chronic physiological effects of exposure to intense tones have been reported for animals and should be accompanied by chemical changes present at long times after the intense sound exposure. By using a microdissection mapping procedure combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), we have measured concentrations of nine amino acids, including those used as neurotransmitters, in the cochlear nucleus, inferior colliculus, medial geniculate, and auditory cortex of hamsters 5 months after exposure to an intense tone, compared with control hamsters of the same age. No very large differences in amino acid concentrations were found between exposed and control hamsters. However, increases of glutamate and ?-aminobutyrate (GABA) in some parts of the inferior colliculus of exposed hamsters were statistically significant. The most consistent differences between exposed and control hamsters were higher aspartate and lower taurine concentrations in virtually all regions of exposed hamsters, which reached statistical significance in many cases. Although these amino acids are not considered likely neurotransmitters, they indirectly have roles in excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, respectively. Thus, there is evidence for small, widespread, long-term increases in excitatory transmission and decreases in inhibitory transmission after a level of acoustic trauma previously shown to produce hearing loss and tinnitus. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Godfrey, Donald A.; Ilyas, Omer; Liu, Xiaochen; Sacks, Justin; McKnight, Darwin] Univ Toledo, Coll Med, Dept Neurol, Toledo, OH 43614 USA. [Godfrey, Donald A.; Ilyas, Omer; Liu, Xiaochen; Sacks, Justin; McKnight, Darwin] Univ Toledo, Coll Med, Dept Surg, Div Otolaryngol & Dent, Toledo, OH 43614 USA. [Kaltenbach, James A.; Licari, Frank] Cleveland Clin, Lerner Res Inst, Dept Neurosci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Kaltenbach, James A.; Licari, Frank] Cleveland Clin, Head & Neck Inst, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Chen, Kejian] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Godfrey, DA (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Coll Med, Dept Neurol, Mail Stop 1195,3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH 43614 USA. EM donald.godfrey@utoledo.edu FU National Institutes of Health [1R01DC009097]; University of Toledo Foundation FX Contract grant sponsor: National Institutes of Health; Contract grant number: 1R01DC009097; Contract grant sponsor: University of Toledo Foundation. NR 46 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0360-4012 J9 J NEUROSCI RES JI J. Neurosci. Res. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 90 IS 11 BP 2214 EP 2224 DI 10.1002/jnr.23095 PG 11 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 003SS UT WOS:000308632200016 PM 22715056 ER PT J AU Giesbrecht, M Roche, DS Tilak, H AF Giesbrecht, Mark Roche, Daniel S. Tilak, Hrushikesh TI Computing Sparse Multiples of Polynomials SO ALGORITHMICA LA English DT Article DE Sparse polynomial; Sparsest multiple ID INTRACTABILITY; CODES; TCHO AB We consider the problem of finding a sparse multiple of a polynomial. Given faF[x] of degree d over a field F, and a desired sparsity t, our goal is to determine if there exists a multiple haF[x] of f such that h has at most t non-zero terms, and if so, to find such an h. When F=a"e and t is constant, we give an algorithm which requires polynomial-time in d and the size of coefficients in h. When F is a finite field, we show that the problem is at least as hard as determining the multiplicative order of elements in an extension field of F (a problem thought to have complexity similar to that of factoring integers), and this lower bound is tight when t=2. C1 [Giesbrecht, Mark; Tilak, Hrushikesh] Univ Waterloo, Cheriton Sch Comp Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Roche, Daniel S.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Giesbrecht, M (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Cheriton Sch Comp Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. EM mwg@uwaterloo.ca; roche@usna.edu; htilak@uwaterloo.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); MITACS Canada FX The authors would like to thank the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), and MITACS Canada for their generous funding of this work. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-4617 J9 ALGORITHMICA JI Algorithmica PD NOV PY 2012 VL 64 IS 3 SI SI BP 454 EP 480 DI 10.1007/s00453-012-9652-4 PG 27 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 998HN UT WOS:000308228400007 ER PT J AU Simeonov, JA Calantoni, J AF Simeonov, Julian A. Calantoni, Joseph TI Modeling mechanical contact and lubrication in Direct Numerical Simulations of colliding particles SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW LA English DT Article DE Particle-laden flow; Direct Numerical Simulations; Lubrication hydrodynamics; Contact mechanics ID VISCOUS-FLUID; ELASTOHYDRODYNAMIC COLLISION; GRANULAR-MATERIALS; PARTICULATE FLOWS; 2 SPHERES; LIQUID; TRANSPORT; WALL; BED AB We developed a model for inexpensive Direct Numerical Simulations of particle-laden flow by fully resolving the hydrodynamics at all times except when the gap between colliding particles becomes comparable to the grid step. The resolved hydrodynamics were obtained with a previously developed pressure boundary integral method for direct fluid-particle simulations on Cartesian grids. The unresolved part of the lubrication pressure/shear force in the subgrid gap was predicted using theoretical Stokes flow models. Singular lubrication forces were avoided by postulating that contact begins when the gap distance between the particles becomes equal to the size of micro-asperities. The mechanical contact between particles is dynamically resolved and particle interactions are both inelastic and frictional. The proposed numerical model was validated through resolution tests and comparison with experimental data for immersed binary collisions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Simeonov, Julian A.; Calantoni, Joseph] USN, Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Simeonov, JA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Code 7434,Bldg 1005, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM julian.simeonov@nrlssc.navy.mil OI Simeonov, Julian/0000-0002-7554-071X FU ASEE-NRL postdoctoral fellowship program; Jerome and Isabella Karle Distinguished Scholar Fellowship Program at the Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research [61153 N] FX J.A.S. was supported through the ASEE-NRL postdoctoral fellowship program and the Jerome and Isabella Karle Distinguished Scholar Fellowship Program at the Naval Research Laboratory. J.C. was supported under base funding to the Naval Research Laboratory from the Office of Naval Research (PE#61153 N). This work was supported in part by a grant of computer time from the DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program at the NAVY DSRC and the ERDC DSRC. We thank the anonymous reviewer for helpful comments. NR 28 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 32 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0301-9322 J9 INT J MULTIPHAS FLOW JI Int. J. Multiph. Flow PD NOV PY 2012 VL 46 BP 38 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2012.05.008 PG 16 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 998TC UT WOS:000308262300005 ER PT J AU Davidson, I Gilpin, S Walker, PB AF Davidson, Ian Gilpin, Sean Walker, Peter B. TI Behavioral event data and their analysis SO DATA MINING AND KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY LA English DT Article DE Social data; Event data AB Social science is broadly defined as the analysis of human behavior whether it be at an individual or a group level. In this work, we explore the analysis of human behavior encoded as a trail of their events over time and space, which we refer to as behavioral event data. We show that such data offers challenges to data mining algorithm designers as the data to analyze is naturally multi-way, involves complex patterns that form/reform over time, and has complex interactions between groups in the population. Though the data naturally lends itself to be represented as graphs and tensors we show how existing techniques are limited in their usefulness and outline our own algorithms to overcome these challenges. In this paper, using the adversarial event behavior of blue and red forces, we show three core problems and solutions in event behavior analysis: (1) Decomposing behavior to identify areas of intense activity, (2) Predicting what groups of events are likely to occur, and (3) Analysis to identify interacting behavior given a known template. C1 [Davidson, Ian; Gilpin, Sean] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Walker, Peter B.] USN, Sch Aviat Safety, Pensacola, FL USA. RP Davidson, I (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM davidson@cs.ucdavis.edu; sagilpin@ucdavis.edu; peter.b.walker@navy.mil FU ONR [N00014-09-1-0712, N00014-11-1-0108] FX We gratefully acknowledge support of this research via ONR grants N00014-09-1-0712 Automated Discovery and Explanation of Event Behavior and N00014-11-1-0108 Guided Learning in Dynamic Environments. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1384-5810 J9 DATA MIN KNOWL DISC JI Data Min. Knowl. Discov. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 25 IS 3 SI SI BP 635 EP 653 DI 10.1007/s10618-012-0269-7 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA 992GL UT WOS:000307763500009 ER PT J AU Martinelli, SL AF Martinelli, Sheri L. TI An Application of the Level Set Method to Underwater Acoustic Propagation SO COMMUNICATIONS IN COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Geometric acoustics; level set method; high-frequency acoustic propagation; WENO method ID ESSENTIALLY NONOSCILLATORY SCHEMES; MULTIVALUED PHYSICAL OBSERVABLES; FREQUENCY WAVE-PROPAGATION; SHOCK-CAPTURING SCHEMES; EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION; GEOMETRICAL-OPTICS; RAY CHAOS; FRONTS; FORMULATION; FRAMEWORK AB An algorithm for computing wavefronts, based on the high frequency approximation to the wave equation, is presented. This technique applies the level set method to underwater acoustic wavefront propagation in the time domain. The level set method allows for computation of the acoustic phase function using established numerical techniques to solve a first order transport equation to a desired order of accuracy. Traditional methods for solving the eikonal equation directly on a fixed grid limit one to only the first arrivals, so these approaches are not useful when multi-path propagation is present. Applying the level set model to the problem allows for the time domain computation of the phase function on a fixed grid, without having to restrict to first arrival times. The implementation presented has no restrictions on range dependence or direction of travel, and offers improved efficiency over solving the full wave equation which under the high frequency assumption requires a large number of grid points to resolve the highly oscillatory solutions. Boundary conditions are discussed, and an approach is suggested for producing good results in the presence of boundary reflections. An efficient method to compute the amplitude from the level set method solutions is also presented. Comparisons to analytical solutions are presented where available, and numerical results are validated by comparing results with exact solutions where available, a full wave equation solver, and with wavefronts extracted from ray tracing software. C1 [Martinelli, Sheri L.] USN, Torpedo Syst Dept, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Martinelli, Sheri L.] Brown Univ, Div Appl Math, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Martinelli, SL (reprint author), USN, Torpedo Syst Dept, Undersea Warfare Ctr, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM sheri_martinelli@brown.edu FU In-house Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) program at Naval Undersea Warfare Center (NUWC), Newport, RI; Science, Mathematics, And Research for Transformation (SMART) program FX The author would like to thank Dr. Drumheller and Dr. Soukup of ONR for continued support of this program. This work is also a result of initial funding by the In-house Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) program at Naval Undersea Warfare Center (NUWC), Newport, RI, and is partially funded by the Science, Mathematics, And Research for Transformation (SMART) program. I thank Dr. Jan Hesthaven of Brown University for his technical oversight and advice, Dr. Kevin Bongiovanni of Raytheon/BBN for suggesting this topic, and Dr. Andrew Fredricks also of NUWC for helpful guidance. Zhu Xueyu of Brown University contributed the Discontinuous Galerkin-Perfectly Matched Layers (DG-PML) full wave equation code to verify solutions. Ray trace results were obtained from the code RAY produced at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute [28]. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU GLOBAL SCIENCE PRESS PI WANCHAI PA ROOM 3208, CENTRAL PLAZA, 18 HARBOUR RD, WANCHAI, HONG KONG 00000, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1815-2406 EI 1991-7120 J9 COMMUN COMPUT PHYS JI Commun. Comput. Phys. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 1359 EP 1391 DI 10.4208/cicp.190311.231211a PG 33 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 979HA UT WOS:000306806900004 ER PT J AU Delehanty, JB Susumu, K Manthe, RL Algar, WR Medintz, IL AF Delehanty, James B. Susumu, Kimihiro Manthe, Rachel L. Algar, W. Russ Medintz, Igor L. TI Active cellular sensing with quantum dots: Transitioning from research tool to reality; a review SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Review DE Quantum dot; Biosensor; Fluorescence; Endocytosis; Imaging; Theranostics ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; SINGLE LIVING CELLS; ACIDIC SOLID TUMORS; IN-VIVO; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; INTRACELLULAR DELIVERY; LIVE CELLS; SURFACE MODIFICATION; LONG-TERM AB The application of luminescent semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) within a wide range of biological imaging and sensing formats is now approaching its 15th year. The unique photophysical properties of these nanomaterials have long been envisioned as having the potential to revolutionize biosensing within cellular studies that rely on fluorescence. However, it is only now that these materials are making the transition towards accomplishing this goal. With the idea of understanding how to actively incorporate QDs into different types of cellular biosensing, we review the progress in many of the areas relevant to achieving this goal. This includes the synthesis of the QDs themselves, with an emphasis on minimizing potential toxicity, along with the general methods for making these nanocrystalline structures stable in aqueous media. We next survey some methods for conjugating QDs to biomolecules to allow them to participate in active biosensing. Lastly, we extensively review many of the applications where QDs have been demonstrated in an active role in cellular biosensing. These formats cover a wide range of possibilities including where the QDs have contributed to: monitoring the cell's interaction with its extracellular environment; elucidating the complex molecular interplay that characterizes the plasma membrane; understanding how cells continuously endocytose and exocytose materials across the cellular membrane; visualizing organelle trafficking; and, perhaps most importantly, monitoring the intracellular presence of target molecules such as nucleic acids, nutrients, cofactors, and ions or, alternatively, intracellular responses to external changes in the environment. We illustrate these processes with examples from the recent literature and focus on what QDs can uniquely contribute along with discussing the benefits and liabilities of each sensing strategy. A perspective on where this field is expected to develop in both the near and long-term is also provided. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Delehanty, James B.; Manthe, Rachel L.; Algar, W. Russ; Medintz, Igor L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Susumu, Kimihiro] USN, Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Manthe, Rachel L.] Univ Maryland, Sch Engn, Fischell Dept Bioengn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Algar, W. Russ] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Delehanty, JB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM james.delehanty@nrl.navy.mil; susumu@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; rmanthe@umd.edu; russ.algarctr.ca@nrl.navy.mil; igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada (NSERC); National Science Foundation [DGE-0750616] FX The authors acknowledge DTRA-JSTO MPIR #B112582M, DARPA, NRL and the NRL-NSI. WRA is grateful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada (NSERC) for support through a postdoctoral fellowship. RLM thanks National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship (Grant No. is DGE-0750616) for support. NR 201 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 9 U2 168 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 EI 1873-4324 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD OCT 31 PY 2012 VL 750 SI SI BP 63 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.aca.2012.05.032 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 028GD UT WOS:000310409900006 PM 23062429 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, L Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Alekseev, I Alford, J Anderson, BD Anson, CD Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, E Averichev, GS Balewski, J Banerjee, A Barnovska, Z Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Borowski, W Bouchet, J Brandin, AV Brovko, SG Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Butterworth, J Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Chen, L Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Chung, P Chwastowski, J Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Cui, X Leyva, AD De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J De Souza, RD Dhamija, S Didenko, L Ding, F Dion, A Djawotho, P Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Eun, L Evdokimov, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Fedorisin, J Fersch, RG Filip, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Geurts, F Gliske, S Gorbunov, YN Grebenyuk, OG Grosnick, D Gupta, S Guryn, W Haag, B Hajkova, O Hamed, A Han, LX Harris, JW Hays-Wehle, JP Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Horvat, S Huang, B Huang, HZ Huck, P Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jena, C Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kesich, A Kettler, D Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kizka, V Klein, SR Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Koralt, I Koroleva, L Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kumar, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, L Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, ZM Lima, LM Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Lu, Y Luo, X Luszczak, A Ma, GL Ma, YG Don, DMMDM Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D McShane, TS Mioduszewski, S Mitrovski, MK Mohammed, Y Mohanty, B Morozov, B Munhoz, MG Mustafa, MK Naglis, M Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nogach, LV Novak, J Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Ohlson, A Okorokov, V Oldag, EW Oliveira, RAN Olson, D Ostrowski, P Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Peryt, W Pile, P Planinic, M Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Powell, CB Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Przybycien, M Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Qiu, H Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Riley, CK Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ross, JF Ruan, L Rusnak, J Sahoo, NR Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandacz, A Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, B Schmitz, N Schuster, TR Seele, J Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, B Sharma, M Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, D Smirnov, N Solanki, D Sorensen, P Desouza, UG Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Steadman, SG Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Svirida, DN Symons, TJM De Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Turnau, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G Van Nieuwenhuizen, G Jr, JAV Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Videbk, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vossen, A Wada, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Jr, CW Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Witzke, W Wu, YF Xiao, Z Xie, W Xin, K Xu, H Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, W Xu, Y Xu, Z Xue, L Yang, Y Yang, Y Yepes, P Yi, Y Yip, K Yoo, IK Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhang, JB Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneeva, Y Collaboration, S AF Adamczyk, L. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Anderson, B. D. Anson, C. D. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Banerjee, A. Barnovska, Z. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Borowski, W. Bouchet, J. Brandin, A. V. Brovko, S. G. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Butterworth, J. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon De la Barca Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Chen, L. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Christie, W. Chung, P. Chwastowski, J. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Cui, X. Leyva, A. Davila De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. De Souza, R. Derradi Dhamija, S. Didenko, L. Ding, F. Dion, A. Djawotho, P. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Elnimr, M. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Eun, L. Evdokimov, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Fedorisin, J. Fersch, R. G. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gangadharan, D. R. Geurts, F. Gliske, S. Gorbunov, Y. N. Grebenyuk, O. G. Grosnick, D. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hajkova, O. Hamed, A. Han, L-X. Harris, J. W. Hays-Wehle, J. P. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Horvat, S. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jena, C. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kesich, A. Kettler, D. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Kizka, V. Klein, S. R. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Koralt, I. Koroleva, L. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kumar, L. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, L. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. M. Lima, L. M. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Lu, Y. Luo, X. Luszczak, A. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Mioduszewski, S. Mitrovski, M. K. Mohammed, Y. Mohanty, B. Morozov, B. Munhoz, M. G. Mustafa, M. K. Naglis, M. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nogach, L. V. Novak, J. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Ohlson, A. Okorokov, V. Oldag, E. W. Oliveira, R. A. N. Olson, D. Ostrowski, P. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Porter, J. Poskanzer, A. M. Powell, C. B. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Przybycien, M. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Riley, C. K. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ross, J. F. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Sahoo, N. R. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandacz, A. Sandweiss, J. Sangaline, E. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, B. Schmitz, N. Schuster, T. R. Seele, J. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, B. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, D. Smirnov, N. Solanki, D. Sorensen, P. Desouza, U. G. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Steadman, S. G. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Symons, T. J. M. De Toledo, A. Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trainor, T. A. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Trzeciak, B. A. Tsai, O. D. Turnau, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Jr, J. A. Vanfossen Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Videbk, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Vossen, A. Wada, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Jr, C. Whitten Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Witzke, W. Wu, Y. F. Xiao, Z. Xie, W. Xin, K. Xu, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xue, L. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yi, Y. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Collaboration, Star TI Measurements of D-0 and D* production in p plus p collisions at root s=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC CALORIMETER; STAR; HADRONIZATION; CHARM AB We report measurements of charmed-hadron (D-0, D*) production cross sections at midrapidity in p + p collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 200 GeV by the STAR experiment. Charmed hadrons were reconstructed via the hadronic decays D-0 -> K- pi(+), D*(+) -> D-0 pi(+) -> K-pi(+)pi(+) and their charge conjugates, covering the p(T) range of 0.6-2.0 and 2.0-6.0 GeV/c for D-0 and D*(+), respectively. From this analysis, the charm-pair production cross section at midrapidity is d sigma/dy vertical bar(c (c) over bar)(y-0) = 170+/-45(stat)(-59)(+38()sys) mu b. The extracted charm-pair cross section is compared to perturbative QCD calculations. The transverse momentum differential cross section is found to be consistent with the upper bound of a fixed-order next-to-leading logarithm calculation. C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Przybycien, M.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Krakow, Poland. [Gliske, S.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Burton, T. P.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; Didenko, L.; Dion, A.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fazio, S.; Fisyak, Y.; Guryn, W.; Huang, B.; Lamont, M. 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M.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y. F.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J. B.] Cent China Normal Univ HZNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Betts, R. R.; Evdokimov, O.; Hofman, D. J.; Kauder, K.; Pei, H.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Cherney, M.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige; McShane, T. S.; Ross, J. F.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Hajkova, O.; Pachr, M.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Barnovska, Z.; Bielcikova, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Chung, P.; Kapitan, J.; Rusnak, J.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Rez 25068, Czech Republic. [Kollegger, T.; Schuster, T. R.; Stock, R.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. [Jena, C.; Mahapatra, D. P.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Pujahari, P. R.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Dhamija, S.; Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Stevens, J. R.; Vossen, A.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Koroleva, L.; Morozov, B.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Agakishiev, G.; Alakhverdyants, A. V.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Kizka, V.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Alford, J.; Anderson, B. D.; Bouchet, J.; Joseph, J.; Keane, D.; Kumar, L.; Margetis, S.; Pandit, Y.; Jr, J. A. Vanfossen; Zhang, W. M.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Fatemi, R.; Fersch, R. G.; Korsch, W.; Webb, G.; Witzke, W.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Du, C. M.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Dong, X.; Eun, L.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Kiryluk, J.; Klein, S. R.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Naglis, M.; Odyniec, G.; Olson, D.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Powell, C. B.; Qiu, H.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Schmah, A. M.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balewski, J.; Betancourt, M. J.; Corliss, R.; Hays-Wehle, J. P.; Leight, W.; Redwine, R.; Seele, J.; Steadman, S. G.; Surrow, B.; Van Nieuwenhuizen, G.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Novak, J.; Tarnowsky, T.; Wang, H.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Okorokov, V.; Strikhanov, M.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Anson, C. D.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bueltmann, S.; Koralt, I.; Plyku, D.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Pruthi, N. K.; Sharma, B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Pawlik, B.; Turnau, J.] Inst Nucl Phys PAS, Krakow, Poland. [Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Nogach, L. V.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Hirsch, A.; Kikola, D. P.; Konzer, J.; Li, X.; Mustafa, M. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.; Yi, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I-K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Solanki, D.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Butterworth, J.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Xin, K.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Lima, L. M.; Munhoz, M. G.; Oliveira, R. A. N.; Desouza, U. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; De Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Cui, X.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Li, X.; Xu, Q. H.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Chen, J. H.; Han, L-X.; Li, W.; Luszczak, A.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shou, Q. Y.; Tian, J.; Xue, L.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, Y. H.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Borowski, W.; Kabana, S.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Cervantes, M. C.; Chwastowski, J.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Djawotho, P.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Huo, L.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mohammed, Y.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Leyva, A. Davila; Hoffmann, G. W.; Li, L.; Markert, C.; Oldag, E. W.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; De Silva, L. C.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Banerjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Mohanty, B.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Sahoo, N. R.; Singaraju, R. N.; Tribedy, P.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Kisiel, A.; Ostrowski, P.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Sandacz, A.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.; Trainor, T. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Putschke, J.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Ohlson, A.; Riley, C. K.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Adamczyk, L (reprint author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Krakow, Poland. RI Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Aparecido Negrao de Oliveira, Renato/G-9133-2015; Bruna, Elena/C-4939-2014; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Xu, Wenqin/H-7553-2014; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Xue, Liang/F-8077-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Dong, Xin/G-1799-2014; Rusnak, Jan/G-8462-2014; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014 OI Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Bruna, Elena/0000-0001-5427-1461; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Xu, Wenqin/0000-0002-5976-4991; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Xue, Liang/0000-0002-2321-9019; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Dong, Xin/0000-0001-9083-5906; FU RHIC Operations Group at BNL; RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; Open Science Grid consortium; Office of NP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; Office of HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; Sloan Foundation; DFG of Germany; CNRS/IN2P3, Brazil; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC of China; CAS of China; MoST of China; MoE of China; MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM of the Netherlands; DAE of India; DST of India; CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia; GA of the Czech Republic; NWO of the Netherlands FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, the Sloan Foundation, the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe" of Germany, CNRS/IN2P3, FAPESP CNPq of Brazil, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FOM and NWO of the Netherlands, DAE, DST, and CSIR of India, Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Korea Research Foundation, Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 40 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 31 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 7 AR 072013 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.86.072013 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 028QD UT WOS:000310436300002 ER PT J AU Balaban, CD Hoffer, ME Gottshall, KR AF Balaban, Carey D. Hoffer, Michael E. Gottshall, Kim R. TI Top-down approach to vestibular compensation: Translational lessons from vestibular rehabilitation SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Vestibular compensation; Vestibular rehabilitation therapy; Gaze control; Head control; Locomotion ID DIZZINESS HANDICAP INVENTORY; DORSAL RAPHE NUCLEUS; HUMAN VESTIBULOOCULAR REFLEX; CONTEXT-SPECIFIC ADAPTATION; ACOUSTIC NEUROMA RESECTION; TERM SYNAPTIC DEPRESSION; HUMAN POSTURAL CONTROL; DYNAMIC VISUAL-ACUITY; KINASE-C EXPRESSION; SELF-REPORT MEASURE AB This review examines vestibular compensation and vestibular rehabilitation from a unified translational research perspective. Laboratory studies illustrate neurobiological principles of vestibular compensation at the molecular, cellular and systems levels in animal models that inform vestibular rehabilitation practice. However, basic research has been hampered by an emphasis on 'naturalistic' recovery, with time after insult and drug interventions as primary dependent variables. The vestibular rehabilitation literature, on the other hand, provides information on how the degree of compensation can be shaped by specific activity regimens. The milestones of the early spontaneous static compensation mark the re-establishment of static gaze stability, which provides a common coordinate frame for the brain to interpret residual vestibular information in the context of visual, somatosensory and visceral signals that convey gravitoinertial information. Stabilization of the head orientation and the eye orientation (suppression of spontaneous nystagmus) appear to be necessary by not sufficient conditions for successful rehabilitation, and define a baseline for initiating retraining. The lessons from vestibular rehabilitation in animal models offer the possibility of shaping the recovery trajectory to identify molecular and genetic factors that can improve vestibular compensation. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Balaban, Carey D.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Otolaryngol, Inst Eye & Ear 107, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Balaban, Carey D.] 107 Inst Eye & Ear, Dept Neurobiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Balaban, Carey D.] 107 Inst Eye & Ear, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Balaban, Carey D.] 107 Inst Eye & Ear, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Hoffer, Michael E.] USN, Dept Otolaryngol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Gottshall, Kim R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Balaban, CD (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Otolaryngol, Inst Eye & Ear 107, 203 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM cbalaban@pitt.edu OI Balaban, Carey/0000-0002-3570-3844 FU NIDCD NIH HHS [R01 DC000739] NR 117 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD OCT 30 PY 2012 VL 1482 BP 101 EP 111 DI 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.08.040 PG 11 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 038KX UT WOS:000311174700011 PM 22981400 ER PT J AU Miller, SP Dunlap, BI Fleischer, AS AF Miller, Steven P. Dunlap, Brett I. Fleischer, Amy S. TI Cation coordination and interstitial oxygen occupancy in co-doped zirconia from first principles SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE Zirconia; Scandia; Yttria; Solid oxide fuel cell; Electrolyte; Density functional theory ID YTTRIA-STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; CONSISTENT TIGHT-BINDING; DEFECT CLUSTER FORMATION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PHASE-TRANSITION; AB-INITIO; DIFFUSION; MECHANISM; TRANSPORT AB The fast oxygen-conducting cubic phase of zirconia is commonly stabilized by the substitution of group III cations such as yttrium and scandium, which creates vacancies in the oxygen sublattice. While scandia stabilized zirconia can achieve higher conductivity in freshly prepared specimens, it has previously been shown that yttria provides better stabilization characteristics than scandia, especially after extended operation at high temperatures. Density functional simulations of yttria and scandia zirconia show that oxygen ions neighboring vacancies can move into interstitial locations, effectively causing partial occupancy of neighboring anion sites, particularly in specimens containing scandia. Such partial occupancies can stabilize the substance in an ordered arrangement, causing age-related degradation over time, and can explain the diffuse scattering seen in X-ray diffraction studies of aged electrolytes. This tendency is reduced by increasing the yttria content of the mixture. Comparisons against rigid ion models show that the bonding is primarily ionic, but when cations become lower coordinated, the strength of the ionic bond increases, which can pull oxygen ions away from their ideal cubic lattice sites into interstitial locations that are shown to be stable at low temperature, a phenomenon which is more common in proximity to scandium ions than near yttrium ions. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Miller, Steven P.] USN, Energy Convers R&D Branch, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA. [Miller, Steven P.; Fleischer, Amy S.] Villanova Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. [Dunlap, Brett I.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Miller, SP (reprint author), USN, Energy Convers R&D Branch, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA. EM steven.p.miller3@navy.mil; brett.dunlap@nrl.navy.mil; amy.fleischer@villanova.edu OI Dunlap, Brett/0000-0003-1356-6559 FU SMART Scholarship; Office of Naval Research; SMART Scholarship through the Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory FX Funding for this work was provided by SMART Scholarship and the Office of Naval Research both directly and through the Naval Research Laboratory. This work was also supported by a grant of computer time by the High Performance Computing Modernization Program (HPCMP) through the Naval Research Laboratory. The authors would like to thank Natalie Holzwarth for developing and testing atomic Zr parameters for the PAW method against all-electron results and Karen Swider-Lyons of the Naval Research Laboratory for many helpful discussions on fuel cell electrolyte chemistry. NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 EI 1872-7689 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD OCT 29 PY 2012 VL 227 BP 66 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2012.07.017 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 052ZL UT WOS:000312239100009 ER PT J AU Shriver, JF Arbic, BK Richman, JG Ray, RD Metzger, EJ Wallcraft, AJ Timko, PG AF Shriver, J. F. Arbic, B. K. Richman, J. G. Ray, R. D. Metzger, E. J. Wallcraft, A. J. Timko, P. G. TI An evaluation of the barotropic and internal tides in a high-resolution global ocean circulation model SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID SATELLITE ALTIMETRY; HAWAIIAN RIDGE; GENERATION; DISSIPATION; ACCURACY AB Global comparisons of barotropic and internal tides generated in an eddy-resolving ocean circulation model are made with tidal estimates obtained from altimetric sea surface heights and an altimetry-constrained tide model. As far as we know, our Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) simulations shown here and in an earlier paper are the only published high-resolution global simulations to contain barotropic tides, internal tides, the general circulation, and mesoscale eddies concurrently. Comparing the model barotropic tide with a global data-assimilative shallow water tide model shows that the global tidal elevation differences are approximately evenly split between discrepancies in tidal amplitude and phase. Both the model and observations show strong generation of internal tides at a limited number of "hot spot" regions with propagation of beams of energy for thousands of kilometers away from the sources. The model internal tidal amplitudes compare well with observations near these energetic tidal regions. Averaged over these regions, the model and observation internal tide amplitude estimates agree to approximately 15% for the four largest semidiurnal constituents and 23% for the four largest diurnal constituents. Away from the hot spots, the comparison between the model and altimetric amplitude is not as good due, in part, to two problems, errors in the model barotropic tides and overestimation of the altimetric tides in regions of strong mesoscale eddy activity. Examining the general energy distribution of the simulated internal tide is an important first step in the evaluation of internal tides in HYCOM. C1 [Shriver, J. F.; Richman, J. G.; Metzger, E. J.; Wallcraft, A. J.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Arbic, B. K.; Timko, P. G.] Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Ray, R. D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Shriver, JF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM jay.shriver@nrlssc.navy.mil RI Ray, Richard/D-1034-2012; OI Arbic, Brian K/0000-0002-7969-2294 FU Eddy Resolving Global Ocean Prediction Including Tides; Office of Naval Research (ONR) [0602435N]; Naval Research Laboratory [N000173-06-2-C003]; ONR [N00014-09-1-1003, N00014-11-1-0487] FX J.F.S., J.G.R., E.J.M., and A.J.W. were supported by the project "Eddy Resolving Global Ocean Prediction Including Tides" sponsored by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) under program element number 0602435N. B.K.A. and P.G.T. acknowledge support from Naval Research Laboratory contract N000173-06-2-C003 and ONR grants N00014-09-1-1003 and N00014-11-1-0487. The model results were obtained under the FY09-11 Department of Defense HPC Challenge Project "Eddy Resolving Global Ocean Prediction including Tides." This is NRL contribution NRL/JA/7320-12-1201. NR 24 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD OCT 27 PY 2012 VL 117 AR C10024 DI 10.1029/2012JC008170 PG 14 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 027HX UT WOS:000310344200002 ER PT J AU Forsberg, JA Wedin, R Bauer, HCF Hansen, BH Laitinen, M Trovik, CS Keller, JO Boland, PJ Healey, JH AF Forsberg, Jonathan Agner Wedin, Rikard Bauer, Henrik C. F. Hansen, Bjarne H. Laitinen, Minna Trovik, Clement S. Keller, Johnny O. Boland, Patrick J. Healey, John H. TI External validation of the Bayesian Estimated Tools for Survival (BETS) models in patients with surgically treated skeletal metastases SO BMC CANCER LA English DT Article DE Bayesian analysis; Skeletal metastasis; Prognostic model; Postoperative survival ID SPINE TUMOR PROGNOSIS; SCORING SYSTEM; PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION; SURGERY; LESIONS; CARE AB Background: We recently developed two Bayesian networks, referred to as the Bayesian-Estimated Tools for Survival (BETS) models, capable of estimating the likelihood of survival at 3 and 12 months following surgery for patients with operable skeletal metastases (BETS-3 and BETS-12, respectively). In this study, we attempted to externally validate the BETS-3 and BETS-12 models using an independent, international dataset. Methods: Data were collected from the Scandinavian Skeletal Metastasis Registry for patients with extremity skeletal metastases surgically treated at eight major Scandinavian referral centers between 1999 and 2009. These data were applied to the BETS-3 and BETS-12 models, which generated a probability of survival at 3 and 12 months for each patient. Model robustness was assessed using the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC). An analysis of incorrect estimations was also performed. Results: Our dataset contained 815 records with adequate follow-up information to establish survival at 12 months. All records were missing data including the surgeon's estimate of survival, which was previously shown to be a first-degree associate of survival in both models. The AUCs for the BETS-3 and BETS-12 models were 0.79 and 0.76, respectively. Incorrect estimations by both models were more commonly optimistic than pessimistic. Conclusions: The BETS-3 and BETS-12 models were successfully validated using an independent dataset containing missing data. These models are the first validated tools for accurately estimating postoperative survival in patients with operable skeletal metastases of the extremities and can provide the surgeon with valuable information to support clinical decisions in this patient population. C1 [Forsberg, Jonathan Agner] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Forsberg, Jonathan Agner] Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Forsberg, Jonathan Agner; Wedin, Rikard; Bauer, Henrik C. F.] Karolinska Inst, Dept Mol Med & Surg, Sect Orthopaed & Sports Med, Karolinska Univ Hosp, Stockholm, Sweden. [Hansen, Bjarne H.; Keller, Johnny O.] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Orthopaed, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Laitinen, Minna] Tampere Univ Hosp, Div Orthopaed & Traumatol, Tampere, Finland. [Trovik, Clement S.] Haukeland Hosp, Dept Orthopaed Rehabil, N-5021 Bergen, Norway. [Boland, Patrick J.; Healey, John H.] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Surg, Orthopaed Serv, New York, NY 10065 USA. RP Forsberg, JA (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM jaforsberg@me.com OI Wedin, Rikard/0000-0002-2440-1218 FU Maynard Limb Preservation Fund FX We acknowledge support from the Maynard Limb Preservation Fund, which provided funding for the development and maintenance of our departmental data base, funding for collection of the international validation data, and salary support of the department editor. The corresponding author had final responsibility for the decision to submit this report for publication. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2407 J9 BMC CANCER JI BMC Cancer PD OCT 25 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 493 DI 10.1186/1471-2407-12-493 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 079RA UT WOS:000314188300001 PM 23098538 ER PT J AU Tsao, JW AF Tsao, Jack W. TI Comment on "Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in Blast-Exposed Military Veterans and a Blast Neurotrauma Mouse Model" SO SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter AB In their recent paper, Goldstein et al. show murine brain tau neuropathology after explosive blast with head rotation but do not present additional evidence that would delineate whether this neuropathology was principally caused by blast exposure alone or by blast exposure plus head rotational injury. C1 USN, Bur Med & Surg, Wounded Ill & Injured Directorate M9, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA. RP Tsao, JW (reprint author), USN, Bur Med & Surg, Wounded Ill & Injured Directorate M9, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA. EM jack.tsao@med.navy.mil NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1946-6234 J9 SCI TRANSL MED JI Sci. Transl. Med. PD OCT 24 PY 2012 VL 4 IS 157 AR 157le7 DI 10.1126/scitranslmed.3004595 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 028WM UT WOS:000310455500007 PM 23100624 ER PT J AU Ridgway, S Carder, D Jeffries, M Todd, M AF Ridgway, Sam Carder, Donald Jeffries, Michelle Todd, Mark TI Spontaneous human speech mimicry by a cetacean SO CURRENT BIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID VOCAL MIMICRY; TURSIOPS; SOUND C1 [Ridgway, Sam] Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Ridgway, Sam] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pathol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Carder, Donald; Jeffries, Michelle; Todd, Mark] USN, Marine Mammal Program, SSC Pacific, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Ridgway, S (reprint author), Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, 2240 Shelter Isl Dr,Ste 200, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM sam.ridgway@cantab.net NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 41 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0960-9822 J9 CURR BIOL JI Curr. Biol. PD OCT 23 PY 2012 VL 22 IS 20 BP R860 EP R861 DI 10.1016/j.cub.2012.08.044 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 048AM UT WOS:000311882600004 PM 23098588 ER PT J AU Khurgin, JB Pruessner, MW Stievater, TH Rabinovich, WS AF Khurgin, J. B. Pruessner, M. W. Stievater, T. H. Rabinovich, W. S. TI Optically pumped coherent mechanical oscillators: the laser rate equation theory and experimental verification SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RADIATION-PRESSURE; OPTOMECHANICS; MICROMIRROR; MICROCAVITY AB We develop a theory describing the operation of an opto-mechanical oscillator as a phonon laser using a set of coupled equations that is analogous to the standard set of laser rate equations. We show that laser-like parameters that characterize gain, stored energy, threshold, efficiency, oscillation frequency linewidth, and saturation power can be introduced for an opto-mechanical oscillator driven by photo-thermal or radiation pressure forces. We then apply the theoretical model to the experimental results for photo-thermally driven oscillations in a Si waveguide opto-mechanical resonator and show good agreement between the theory and experiments. We also consider the microscopic mechanism that transforms the energy of incoherent thermal phonons into coherent oscillations of a single phonon mode and show remarkable parallels with the three-wave parametric interactions in optics and also with opto-electronic oscillators used in microwave photonics. C1 [Pruessner, M. W.; Stievater, T. H.; Rabinovich, W. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Khurgin, J. B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Pruessner, MW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM marcel.pruessner@nrl.navy.mil RI khurgin, Jacob/A-3278-2010 NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 24 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD OCT 23 PY 2012 VL 14 AR 105022 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/14/10/105022 PG 15 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 028RV UT WOS:000310441100001 ER PT J AU Sadofev, S Cho, YJ Brandt, O Ramsteiner, M Calarco, R Riechert, H Erwin, SC Galazka, Z Korytov, M Albrecht, M Uecker, R Fornari, R AF Sadofev, Sergey Cho, YongJin Brandt, Oliver Ramsteiner, Manfred Calarco, Raffaella Riechert, Henning Erwin, Steven C. Galazka, Zbigniew Korytov, Maxym Albrecht, Martin Uecker, Reinhard Fornari, Roberto TI Growth of wurtzite InN on bulk In2O3(111) wafers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BAND-GAP AB A single phase InN epitaxial film is grown on a bulk In2O3(111) wafer by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. The InN/In2O3 orientation relationship is found to be (0001) parallel to (111) and [1 (1) over bar 00] parallel to [11 (2) over bar]. High quality of the layer is confirmed by the small widths of the x-ray rocking curves, the sharp interfaces revealed by transmission electron microscopy, the narrow spectral width of the Raman E-2(h) vibrational mode, and the position of the photoluminescence band close to the fundamental band gap of InN. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4761985] C1 [Sadofev, Sergey; Cho, YongJin; Brandt, Oliver; Ramsteiner, Manfred; Calarco, Raffaella; Riechert, Henning] Paul Drude Inst Festkorperelekt, D-10117 Berlin, Germany. [Erwin, Steven C.] USN, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Galazka, Zbigniew; Korytov, Maxym; Albrecht, Martin; Uecker, Reinhard; Fornari, Roberto] Leibniz Inst Kristallzuchtung, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. RP Calarco, R (reprint author), Paul Drude Inst Festkorperelekt, Hausvogteipl 5-7, D-10117 Berlin, Germany. EM calarco@pdi-berlin.de RI Cho, YongJin/A-1143-2013; Brandt, Oliver/A-9438-2014; Riechert, Henning/G-4178-2016; Fornari, Roberto/D-2449-2017 OI Brandt, Oliver/0000-0002-9503-5729; Fornari, Roberto/0000-0002-4499-8015 FU U.S. Office of Naval Research FX The authors would like to thank Martin Wienold for the assistance in performing PL measurements, Hans-Peter Schonherr for the maintenance of the MBE system, and Sergio Fernandez-Garrido for critical reading of this manuscript. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Office of Naval Research. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 42 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 22 PY 2012 VL 101 IS 17 AR 172102 DI 10.1063/1.4761985 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 032NO UT WOS:000310726200033 ER PT J AU Esaulov, AA Kantsyrev, VL Safronova, AS Velikovich, AL Shrestha, IK Williamson, KM Osborne, GC AF Esaulov, A. A. Kantsyrev, V. L. Safronova, A. S. Velikovich, A. L. Shrestha, I. K. Williamson, K. M. Osborne, G. C. TI Wire ablation dynamics model and its application to imploding wire arrays of different geometries SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; ZEBRA GENERATOR; Z-PINCHES; IMPLOSION DYNAMICS; PLANAR; PLASMA; YIELD; MA AB The paper presents an extended description of the amplified wire ablation dynamics model (WADM), which accounts in a single simulation for the processes of wire ablation and implosion of a wire array load of arbitrary geometry and wire material composition. To investigate the role of wire ablation effects, the implosions of cylindrical and planar wire array loads at the university based generators Cobra (Cornell University) and Zebra (University of Nevada, Reno) have been analyzed. The analysis of the experimental data shows that the wire mass ablation rate can be described as a function of the current through the wire and some coefficient defined by the wire material properties. The aluminum wires were found to ablate with the highest rate, while the copper ablation is the slowest one. The lower wire ablation rate results in a higher inward velocity of the ablated plasma, a higher rate of the energy coupling with the ablated plasma, and a more significant delay of implosion for a heavy load due to the ablation effects, which manifest the most in a cylindrical array configuration and almost vanish in a single-planar array configuration. The WADM is an efficient tool suited for wire array load design and optimization in wide parameter ranges, including the loads with specific properties needed for the inertial confinement fusion research and laboratory astrophysics experiments. The data output from the WADM simulation can be used to simplify the radiation magnetohydrodynamics modeling of the wire array plasma. C1 [Esaulov, A. A.; Kantsyrev, V. L.; Safronova, A. S.; Shrestha, I. K.; Williamson, K. M.; Osborne, G. C.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Velikovich, A. L.] USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Williamson, K. M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Esaulov, AA (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. FU National Nuclear Security Administration under the US Department of Energy [DE-FC52-06NA27588, DE-FC52-06NA27586] FX The authors thank D. A. Hammer and his research team for support of the experimental campaign at Cornell University and Nevada Terawatt Facility personnel for help with experiments at University of Nevada, Reno. The authors greatly appreciate numerous productive discussions with P. Sasorov, S. Lebedev, B. Jones, C. Coverdale, K. Struve, A. Chuvatin, and L. Rudakov. This work was supported by the National Nuclear Security Administration under the US Department of Energy Cooperative Agreements No. DE-FC52-06NA27588 and No. DE-FC52-06NA27586. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT 22 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 4 AR 046404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.86.046404 PN 2 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 025NJ UT WOS:000310196100003 PM 23214697 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Atwoo, WB Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bottacini, E Bouvier, A Bregeon, J Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Angelis, A de Palma, F Dermer, CD Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Dubois, R Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Focke, WB Fortin, P Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gehrels, N Germani, S Giglietto, N Giommi, P Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Gomez-Vargas, GA Grenier, IA Grove, JE Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Hays, E Hill, AB Horan, D Hou, X Hughes, RE Iafrate, G Jackson, MS Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Larsson, S Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Mehault, J Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Naumann-Godo, M Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orienti, M Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pesce-Rollins, M Pierbattista, M Piron, F Pivato, G Poon, H Porter, TA Prokhorov, D Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Rochester, LS Roth, M Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, DA Sbarra, C Schalk, TL Sgro, C Share, GH Siskind, EJ Spandre, G Spinelli, P Stawarz, L Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JG Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, DL Wood, KS Yang, Z Zimmer, S AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Atwoo, W. B. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bottacini, E. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. Digel, S. W. Silva, E. do Couto E Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Dubois, R. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Focke, W. B. Fortin, P. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giommi, P. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Gomez-Vargas, G. A. Grenier, I. A. Grove, J. E. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Hays, E. Hill, A. B. Horan, D. Hou, X. Hughes, R. E. Iafrate, G. Jackson, M. S. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Mehault, J. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Naumann-Godo, M. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orienti, M. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Poon, H. Porter, T. A. Prokhorov, D. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Rochester, L. S. Roth, M. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. A. Sbarra, C. Schalk, T. L. Sgro, C. Share, G. H. Siskind, E. J. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stawarz, L. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, D. L. Wood, K. S. Yang, Z. Zimmer, S. TI FERMI OBSERVATIONS OF gamma-RAY EMISSION FROM THE MOON SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astroparticle physics; gamma rays: general; Moon ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; LUNAR-SURFACE; ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION; SOLAR-SYSTEM; EGRET DATA; SPECTROMETER; ALBEDO; SPECTROSCOPY; PROSPECTOR; ASTRONOMY AB We report on the detection of high-energy gamma-ray emission from the Moon during the first 24 months of observations by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). This emission comes from particle cascades produced by cosmic-ray (CR) nuclei and electrons interacting with the lunar surface. The differential spectrum of the Moon is soft and can be described as a log-parabolic function with an effective cutoff at 2-3 GeV, while the average integral flux measured with the LAT from the beginning of observations in 2008 August to the end of 2010 August is F(> 100 MeV) = (1.04 +/- 0.01 [statistical error] +/- 0.1 [systematic error]) x 10(-6) cm(-2) s(-1). This flux is about a factor 2-3 higher than that observed between 1991 and 1994 by the EGRET experiment on board the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, F(> 100 MeV) approximate to 5 x 10(-7) cm-2 s-1, when solar activity was relatively high. The higher gamma-ray flux measured by Fermi is consistent with the deep solar minimum conditions during the first 24 months of the mission, which reduced effects of heliospheric modulation, and thus increased the heliospheric flux of Galactic CRs. A detailed comparison of the light curve with McMurdo Neutron Monitor rates suggests a correlation of the trends. The Moon and the Sun are so far the only known bright emitters of gamma-rays with fast celestial motion. Their paths across the sky are projected onto the Galactic center and high Galactic latitudes as well as onto other areas crowded with high-energy gamma-ray sources. Analysis of the lunar and solar emission may thus be important for studies of weak and transient sources near the ecliptic. C1 [Chekhtman, A.; Parent, D.; Razzaque, S.] George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Tinivella, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bottacini, E.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; Silva, E. do Couto E; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hill, A. B.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Prokhorov, D.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bottacini, E.; Bouvier, A.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; Silva, E. do Couto E; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hill, A. B.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Prokhorov, D.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwoo, W. B.; Bouvier, A.; Razzano, M.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Schalk, T. L.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwoo, W. B.; Bouvier, A.; Razzano, M.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Schalk, T. L.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Naumann-Godo, M.; Pierbattista, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CNRS, CEA IRFU,CEA Saclay,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Pivato, G.; Poon, H.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; D'Ammando, F.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.; Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai IEEE, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Ciprini, S.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.; Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Jackson, M. S.; Larsson, S.; Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [D'Ammando, F.] IASF Palermo, I-90146 Palermo, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Giroletti, M.; Orienti, M.] INAF, Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Gomez-Vargas, G. A.; Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Gomez-Vargas, G. A.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Gomez-Vargas, G. A.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, CSIC, UAM, IFT, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hill, A. B.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Hou, X.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Hughes, R. E.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Iafrate, G.] Osserv Astron Trieste, Ist Nazl Astrofis, I-34143 Trieste, Italy. [Jackson, M. S.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, AlbaNova, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Katagiri, H.] Ibaraki Univ, Coll Sci, Mito, Ibaraki 3108512, Japan. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knoedlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, IRAP, UPS OMP, GAHEC, Toulouse, France. [Larsson, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Latronico, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Reposeur, T.] Univ Bordeaux 1, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Lemoine-Goumard, M.; McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Lemoine-Goumard, M.; McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Moiseev, A. A.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Moiseev, A. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Norris, J. P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Phys, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Ohno, M.; Ozaki, M.; Stawarz, L.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Okumura, A.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Reimer, A.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sanchez, D. A.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Share, G. H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Stawarz, L.] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Wood, D. L.] Praxis Inc, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM imos@stanford.edu RI Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Gomez-Vargas, German/C-7138-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; OI Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Iafrate, Giulia/0000-0002-6185-8292; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X FU K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; European Community [ERC-StG-259391]; NASA [NNX11AQ06G] FX Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research Fellow, funded by a grant from the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation.; Funded by contract ERC-StG-259391 from the European Community.; Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. I.V.M. acknowledges support from NASA Grant NNX11AQ06G.; The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 17 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 20 PY 2012 VL 758 IS 2 AR 140 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/758/2/140 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 030HO UT WOS:000310562000069 ER PT J AU Piner, BG Pushkarev, AB Kovalev, YY Marvin, CJ Arenson, JG Charlot, P Fey, AL Collioud, A Voitsik, PA AF Piner, B. G. Pushkarev, A. B. Kovalev, Y. Y. Marvin, C. J. Arenson, J. G. Charlot, P. Fey, A. L. Collioud, A. Voitsik, P. A. TI RELATIVISTIC JETS IN THE RADIO REFERENCE FRAME IMAGE DATABASE. II. BLAZAR JET ACCELERATIONS FROM THE FIRST 10 YEARS OF DATA (1994-2003) SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: general; galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; quasars: general; radio continuum: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BASE-LINE ARRAY; GAMMA-RAY; VLBA OBSERVATIONS; ASTROMETRIC SUITABILITY; APPARENT SPEEDS; COMPLETE SAMPLE; KINEMATICS; QUASARS; FLUX AB We analyze blazar jet apparent speeds and accelerations from the RDV series of astrometric and geodetic very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) experiments. From these experiments, we have produced and analyzed 2753 global VLBI images of 68 sources at 8 GHz with a median beam size of 0.9 milliarcseconds (mas) and a median of 43 epochs per source. From this sample, we analyze the motions of 225 jet components in 66 sources. The distribution of the fastest measured apparent speed in each source has a median of 8.3c and a maximum of 44c. Sources in the 2FGL Fermi LAT catalog display higher apparent speeds than those that have not been detected. On average, components farther from the core in a given source have significantly higher apparent speeds than components closer to the core; for example, for a typical source, components at similar to 3 mas from the core (similar to 15 pc projected at z similar to 0.5) have apparent speeds about 50% higher than those of components at similar to 1 mas from the core (similar to 5 pc projected at z similar to 0.5). We measure accelerations of components in orthogonal directions parallel and perpendicular to their average velocity vector. Parallel accelerations have significantly larger magnitudes than perpendicular accelerations, implying that observed accelerations are predominantly due to changes in the Lorentz factor (bulk or pattern) rather than projection effects from jet bending. Positive parallel accelerations are significantly more common than negative ones, so the Lorentz factor (bulk or pattern) tends to increase on the scales observed here. Observed parallel accelerations correspond to modest source frame increases in the bulk or pattern Lorentz factor. C1 [Piner, B. G.; Marvin, C. J.; Arenson, J. G.] Whittier Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Whittier, CA 90608 USA. [Pushkarev, A. B.] Pulkovo Astron Observ, St Petersburg 196140, Russia. [Pushkarev, A. B.] Crimean Astrophys Observ, UA-98409 Nauchnyi, Crimea, Ukraine. [Pushkarev, A. B.; Kovalev, Y. Y.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Kovalev, Y. Y.; Voitsik, P. A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Ctr Astro Space, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Charlot, P.; Collioud, A.] Univ Bordeaux, LAB, UMR 5804, F-33270 Floirac, France. [Charlot, P.; Collioud, A.] CNRS, LAB, UMR 5804, F-33270 Floirac, France. [Fey, A. L.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. RP Piner, BG (reprint author), Whittier Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, 13406 E Philadelphia St, Whittier, CA 90608 USA. EM gpiner@whittier.edu RI Voytsik, Petr/M-6075-2013; Kovalev, Yuri/J-5671-2013; Pushkarev, Alexander/M-9997-2015 OI Kovalev, Yuri/0000-0001-9303-3263; FU Russian Foundation for Basic Research [11-02-00368]; Physical Sciences Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Dynasty Foundation; National Science Foundation [0707523] FX We thank both Dan Homan and the anonymous referee for helpful comments that improved the paper. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. We acknowledge the International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS), which organizes the non-VLBA stations for the RDV sessions. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Y.Y.K. and P. A. V. were supported in part by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant 11-02-00368, and by the basic research program "Active processes in galactic and extragalactic objects" of the Physical Sciences Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Y.Y.K. also thanks the Dynasty Foundation for support. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under grant 0707523 (PI: Glenn Piner). NR 51 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 20 PY 2012 VL 758 IS 2 AR 84 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/758/2/84 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 030HO UT WOS:000310562000013 ER PT J AU Poomvises, W Gopalswamy, N Yashiro, S Kwon, RY Olmedo, O AF Poomvises, Watanachak Gopalswamy, Nat Yashiro, Seiji Kwon, Ryun-Young Olmedo, Oscar TI DETERMINATION OF THE HELIOSPHERIC RADIAL MAGNETIC FIELD FROM THE STANDOFF DISTANCE OF A CME-DRIVEN SHOCK OBSERVED BY THE STEREO SPACECRAFT SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE coronal mass ejections (CMEs); solar-terrestrial relations ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; FARADAY-ROTATION MEASUREMENTS; SOLAR CORONA; STRENGTH; PROPAGATION; MISSION AB We report on the determination of radial magnetic field strength in the heliocentric distance range from 6 to 120 solar radii (R-circle dot) using data from Coronagraph 2 (COR2) and Heliospheric Imager I (HI1) instruments on board the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory spacecraft following the standoff-distance method of Gopalswamy & Yashiro. We measured the shock standoff distance of the 2008 April 5 coronal mass ejection (CME) and determined the flux-rope curvature by fitting the three-dimensional shape of the CME using the Graduated Cylindrical Shell model. The radial magnetic field strength is computed from the Alfven speed and the density of the ambient medium. We also compare the derived magnetic field strength with in situ measurements made by the Helios spacecraft, which measured the magnetic field at the heliocentric distance range from 60 to 215 R-circle dot. We found that the radial magnetic field strength decreases from 28 mG at 6 R-circle dot to 0.17 mG at 120 R-circle dot. In addition, we found that the radial profile can be described by a power law. C1 [Poomvises, Watanachak; Gopalswamy, Nat; Yashiro, Seiji; Kwon, Ryun-Young] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Poomvises, Watanachak; Yashiro, Seiji; Kwon, Ryun-Young] Catholic Univ Amer, Inst Astrophys & Computat Sci, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Olmedo, Oscar] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Olmedo, Oscar] USN, NRC Res, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Poomvises, W (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. OI Gopalswamy, Nat/0000-0001-5894-9954 FU NASA LWS TRT FX This research is supported by NASA LWS TR&T. NR 27 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 20 PY 2012 VL 758 IS 2 AR 118 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/758/2/118 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 030HO UT WOS:000310562000047 ER PT J AU Sobolewska, MA Siemiginowska, A Migliori, G Stawarz, L Jamrozy, M Evans, D Cheung, CC AF Sobolewska, M. A. Siemiginowska, Aneta Migliori, G. Stawarz, L. Jamrozy, M. Evans, D. Cheung, C. C. TI NUCLEAR X-RAY PROPERTIES OF THE PECULIAR RADIO-LOUD HIDDEN AGN 4C+29.30 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (4C+29.30); X-rays: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BLACK-HOLE BINARIES; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; XMM-NEWTON; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; IRON LINES; SUZAKU VIEW; VARIABILITY PROPERTIES; DUSTY TORI; REFLECTION AB We present results from a study of nuclear emission from a nearby radio galaxy, 4C+29.30, over a broad 0.5-200 keV X-ray band. This study used new XMM-Newton (similar to 17 ks) and Chandra (similar to 300 ks) data, and archival Swift/BAT data from the 58 month catalog. The hard (>2 keV) X-ray spectrum of 4C+29.30 can be decomposed into an intrinsic hard power law (Gamma similar to 1.56) modified by a cold absorber with an intrinsic column density N-H,N- z similar to 5 x 10(23) cm(-2), and its reflection (vertical bar Omega/2 pi vertical bar similar to 0.3) from a neutral matter including a narrow iron K alpha emission line at a rest-frame energy similar to 6.4 keV. The reflected component is less absorbed than the intrinsic one with an upper limit on the absorbing column of N-H, z(refl) < 2.5 x 10(22) cm(-2). The X-ray spectrum varied between the XMM-Newton and Chandra observations. We show that a scenario invoking variations of the normalization of the power law is favored over a model with variable intrinsic column density. X-rays in the 0.5-2 keV band are dominated by diffuse emission modeled with a thermal bremsstrahlung component with temperature similar to 0.7 keV, and contain only a marginal contribution from the scattered power-law component. We hypothesize that 4C+29.30 belongs to a class of "hidden" active galactic nuclei containing a geometrically thick torus. However, unlike the majority of hidden AGNs, 4C+29.30 is radio-loud. Correlations between the scattering fraction and Eddington luminosity ratio, and between black hole mass and stellar velocity dispersion, imply that 4C+29.30 hosts a black hole with similar to 10(8) M-circle dot mass. C1 [Sobolewska, M. A.; Siemiginowska, Aneta; Migliori, G.; Evans, D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Stawarz, L.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Stawarz, L.; Jamrozy, M.] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Cheung, C. C.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Cheung, C. C.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Sobolewska, MA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM msobolewska@cfa.harvard.edu RI Jamrozy, Marek/F-4507-2015 FU Polish MNiSW [N203-380336, 3812/B/H03/2009/36]; NASA DPR [S-15633-Y]; NASA [NAS8-39073]; Chandra grants [GO0-11133X, GO1-12145X]; XMM-Newton grant [NNX08AX35G] FX We thank the anonymous referee for careful reading of our manuscript and comments that led to its improvement. L. S. is grateful for the support from Polish MNiSW through the grant No. N203-380336. M.J. was supported by Polish MNiSW funds for scientific research in years 2009-2012 under the Contract No. 3812/B/H03/2009/36. Work at NRL (C. C. C.) is sponsored by NASA DPR S-15633-Y. This research has made use of data obtained with the Chandra X-Ray Observatory and Chandra X-Ray Center (CXC) in the application packages CIAO, ChIPS, and Sherpa. This research is funded in part by NASA contract NAS8-39073. Partial support for this work was provided by the Chandra grants, GO0-11133X and GO1-12145X, and XMM-Newton grant NNX08AX35G. NR 74 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 20 PY 2012 VL 758 IS 2 AR 90 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/758/2/90 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 030HO UT WOS:000310562000019 ER PT J AU Kabakova, IV Zou, L Brawley, GA Florea, C Aggarwal, ID Sanghera, JS Magi, EC Li, EB Eggleton, BJ AF Kabakova, Irina V. Zou, Liner Brawley, George A. Florea, Catalin Aggarwal, Ishwar D. Sanghera, Jasbinder S. Maegi, Eric C. Li, Enbang Eggleton, Benjamin J. TI Dynamics of photoinduced refractive index changes in As2S3 fibers SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSVERSE HOLOGRAPHIC METHOD; BRAGG GRATINGS; CHALCOGENIDE GLASS; WAVE-GUIDES; FABRICATION AB We investigate the dynamics of photoinduced index changes in chalcogenide As2S3 fibers. Using a novel phase sensitive technique for measuring the photoinduced index change, we find that the index evolution is a two-stage process: it consists of a fast reduction and a subsequent slow increase in the refractive index. We show that the index change depends strongly on the beam intensity with both positive and negative changes possible. These findings can have application in design and fabrication of photoinduced devices such as Bragg gratings and photonic cavities. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Kabakova, Irina V.; Zou, Liner; Brawley, George A.; Maegi, Eric C.; Li, Enbang; Eggleton, Benjamin J.] Univ Sydney, Ctr Ultrahigh Bandwidth Devices Opt Syst CUDOS, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Kabakova, Irina V.; Zou, Liner; Brawley, George A.; Maegi, Eric C.; Li, Enbang; Eggleton, Benjamin J.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, IPOS, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Zou, Liner] Nanchang Univ, Dept Phys, Nanchang 330031, Peoples R China. [Florea, Catalin; Aggarwal, Ishwar D.] Sotera Def Solut, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. [Sanghera, Jasbinder S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kabakova, IV (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Ctr Ultrahigh Bandwidth Devices Opt Syst CUDOS, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM kabakova@physics.usyd.edu.au RI li, enbang/E-9471-2011 FU ARC Center of Excellence for Ultrahigh bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems [CE110001018] FX This work was produced with the assistance of the Australian Research Council (ARC) under the ARC Centers of Excellence program. This research also supported by the ARC Center of Excellence for Ultrahigh bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (project number CE110001018). NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 10 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 20 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 30 BP 7333 EP 7338 DI 10.1364/AO.51.007333 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 028OE UT WOS:000310430900027 PM 23089789 ER PT J AU Pomfret, MB Walker, RA Owrutsky, JC AF Pomfret, Michael B. Walker, Robert A. Owrutsky, Jeffrey C. TI High-Temperature Chemistry in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: In Situ Optical Studies SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NI-YSZ CERMET; CARBON DEPOSITION; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; DIRECT-OXIDATION; THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS; ELECTROCHEMICAL-CELLS; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; ANODE DEGRADATION; NAFION MEMBRANE; AC-IMPEDANCE AB Solid oxide fuels cells (SOFCs) are promising devices for versatile and efficient power generation with fuel flexibility, but viability ability is contingent upon understanding chemical and material processes to improve their performance and durability. Newly developed in situ optical methods provide new insight into how carbon deposition varies with different hydrocarbon and alcohol fuels and depends on operating conditions. Some findings, such as heavier hydrocarbon fuels forming more carbon than lighter fuels, are expected, but other discoveries are surprising. For example, methanol shows a greater tendency to form carbon deposits than methane at temperatures below 800 degrees C, and kinetically controlled steam reforming with ethanol at high temperatures (similar to 800 degrees C) is less detrimental to SOFC performance than operating the device with dry methanol as the fuel. In situ optical techniques will continue to provide the chemical information and mechanistic insight that is critical for SOFCs to become a viable energy conversion technology. C1 [Pomfret, Michael B.; Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Walker, Robert A.] Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Pomfret, MB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Owrutsky, Jeffrey/K-7649-2012 FU Office of Naval Research FX Support for this work was provided by the Office of Naval Research. The authors acknowledge Daniel Steinhurst at NRL, John Kirtley at Montana State University, Bryan Eigenbrodt at AFRL Wright-Patterson, Bryan W. Eichhorn and Gregory S. Jackson at the University of Maryland College Park, and Robert J. Kee and Anthony M. Dean at the Colorado School of Mines. NR 86 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 72 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1948-7185 J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett. PD OCT 18 PY 2012 VL 3 IS 20 BP 3053 EP 3064 DI 10.1021/jz3012047 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 025GW UT WOS:000310177200023 PM 26292249 ER PT J AU Shim, JS Kuznetsova, M Rastatter, L Bilitza, D Butala, M Codrescu, M Emery, BA Foster, B Fuller-Rowell, TJ Huba, J Mannucci, AJ Pi, X Ridley, A Scherliess, L Schunk, RW Sojka, JJ Stephens, P Thompson, DC Weimer, D Zhu, L Sutton, E AF Shim, J. S. Kuznetsova, M. Rastaetter, L. Bilitza, D. Butala, M. Codrescu, M. Emery, B. A. Foster, B. Fuller-Rowell, T. J. Huba, J. Mannucci, A. J. Pi, X. Ridley, A. Scherliess, L. Schunk, R. W. Sojka, J. J. Stephens, P. Thompson, D. C. Weimer, D. Zhu, L. Sutton, E. TI CEDAR Electrodynamics Thermosphere Ionosphere (ETI) Challenge for systematic assessment of ionosphere/thermosphere models: Electron density, neutral density, NmF2, and hmF2 using space based observations SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID LOWER ATMOSPHERE; PROFILES; MIDDLE AB In an effort to quantitatively assess the current capabilities of Ionosphere/Thermosphere (IT) models, an IT model validation study using metrics was performed. This study is a main part of the CEDAR Electrodynamics Thermosphere Ionosphere (ETI) Challenge, which was initiated at the CEDAR workshop in 2009 to better comprehend strengths and weaknesses of models in predicting the IT system, and to trace improvements in ionospheric/thermospheric specification and forecast. For the challenge, two strong geomagnetic storms, four moderate storms, and three quiet time intervals were selected. For the selected events, we obtained four scores (i.e., RMS error, prediction efficiency, ratio of the maximum change in amplitudes, and ratio of the maximum amplitudes) to compare the performance of models in reproducing the selected physical parameters such as vertical drifts, electron and neutral densities, NmF2, and hmF2. In this paper, we present the results from comparing modeled values against space-based measurements including NmF2 and hmF2 from the CHAMP and COSMIC satellites, and electron and neutral densities at the CHAMP satellite locations. It is found that the accuracy of models varies with the metrics used, latitude and geomagnetic activity level. C1 [Shim, J. S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Planetary Heliophys Inst, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bilitza, D.] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Butala, M.; Mannucci, A. J.; Pi, X.; Stephens, P.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Codrescu, M.; Fuller-Rowell, T. J.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA. [Emery, B. A.; Foster, B.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Huba, J.] USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Ridley, A.] Univ Michigan, Space Phys Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Scherliess, L.; Schunk, R. W.; Sojka, J. J.; Zhu, L.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Atmospher & Space Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Thompson, D. C.; Sutton, E.] USAF, Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Weimer, D.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Ctr Space Sci & Engn Res, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Shim, JS (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Planetary Heliophys Inst, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM jasoon.shim@nasa.gov RI Rastaetter, Lutz/D-4715-2012; Ridley, Aaron/F-3943-2011; Scherliess, Ludger/A-7499-2016; Sutton, Eric/A-1574-2016 OI Rastaetter, Lutz/0000-0002-7343-4147; Ridley, Aaron/0000-0001-6933-8534; Scherliess, Ludger/0000-0002-7388-5255; Sutton, Eric/0000-0003-1424-7189 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX The CHAMP neutral density data used in this study are obtained from http://sisko.colorado.edu/sutton/data.html. Portions of this research were performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 33 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1542-7390 J9 SPACE WEATHER JI Space Weather PD OCT 18 PY 2012 VL 10 AR S10004 DI 10.1029/2012SW000851 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 023XP UT WOS:000310071300001 ER PT J AU Dimant, YS Nusinovich, GS Sprangle, P Penano, J Romero-Talamas, CA Granatstein, VL AF Dimant, Y. S. Nusinovich, G. S. Sprangle, P. Penano, J. Romero-Talamas, C. A. Granatstein, V. L. TI Propagation of gamma rays and production of free electrons in air SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID AVERAGE ENERGY; ION PAIR; GASES AB This paper is devoted to the analysis of production of free electrons in air by gamma-rays leaking from radioactive materials. A model based on the Klein-Nishina scattering theory is used to calculate scattering cross sections and approximate the electron production rate. The model includes the effects of primary gamma-quanta radiated by the source as well as that scattered in air. Comparison of the model with the MCNPX kinetic code (http://mcnpx.lanl.gov/) in a sample problem shows excellent agreement. The motivation for this research comes from the recently proposed concept of remote detection of concealed radioactive materials [V. L. Granatstein and G. S. Nusinovich, J. Appl. Phys. 108, 063304 (2010)]. The concept is based on the breakdown in air at the focal point of a high-power beam of electromagnetic waves produced by a THz gyrotron with a 10-20 mu s pulse. The presence of a radioactive material can greatly exceed the production rate of free electrons over the natural background rate. Additional electrons act as seeds to initiate the breakdown and create sufficiently dense plasma at the focal region. The dense plasma can then be remotely detected as an unambiguous effect of the concealed radioactive material. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4762007] C1 [Dimant, Y. S.] Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Nusinovich, G. S.; Romero-Talamas, C. A.; Granatstein, V. L.] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Sprangle, P.; Penano, J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dimant, YS (reprint author), Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RI Nusinovich, Gregory/C-1314-2017; OI Nusinovich, Gregory/0000-0002-8641-5156; Dimant, Yakov/0000-0002-3807-5820 FU US Office of Naval Research FX This work is supported by the US Office of Naval Research. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 2012 VL 112 IS 8 AR 083303 DI 10.1063/1.4762007 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 030VF UT WOS:000310597500016 ER PT J AU Knies, DL Violante, V Grabowski, KS Hu, JZ Dominguez, DD He, JH Qadri, SB Hubler, GK AF Knies, D. L. Violante, V. Grabowski, K. S. Hu, J. Z. Dominguez, D. D. He, J. H. Qadri, S. B. Hubler, G. K. TI In-situ synchrotron energy-dispersive x-ray diffraction study of thin Pd foils with Pd:D and Pd:H concentrations up to 1:1 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PALLADIUM ELECTRODE; H SYSTEM; HYDROGEN; PHASES AB Time resolved, in-situ, energy dispersive x-ray diffraction was performed in an electrolysis cell during electrochemical loading of palladium foil cathodes with hydrogen and deuterium. Concentrations of H:Pd (D:Pd) up to 1:1 in 0.1 M LiOH (LiOD) in H2O (D2O) electrolyte were obtained, as determined by both the Pd lattice parameter and cathode resistivity. In addition, some indications on the kinetics of loading and deloading of hydrogen from the Pd surface were obtained. The alpha-beta phase transformations were clearly delineated but no new phases at high concentration were determined. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4759166] C1 [Knies, D. L.; Grabowski, K. S.; Dominguez, D. D.; Qadri, S. B.; Hubler, G. K.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Violante, V.] ENEA, Frascati, Italy. [Hu, J. Z.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [He, J. H.] Nova Res, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Knies, DL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM qadri@anvil.nrl.navy.mil OI Grabowski, Kenneth/0000-0003-0816-001X FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; ONR Global FX Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Additional support was provided by ONR Global for V. Violante travel. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 2012 VL 112 IS 8 AR 083510 DI 10.1063/1.4759166 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 030VF UT WOS:000310597500026 ER PT J AU Kelly, JF Giraldo, FX AF Kelly, James F. Giraldo, Francis X. TI Continuous and discontinuous Galerkin methods for a scalable three-dimensional nonhydrostatic atmospheric model: Limited-area mode SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Compressible flow; Element-based Galerkin method; Euler; Navier-Stokes; Parallelization ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; SPECTRAL ELEMENT; DYNAMICAL CORE; ISOLATED MOUNTAIN; LINEAR-THEORY; SCHEME; FLOWS AB This paper describes a unified, element based Galerkin (EBG) framework for a three-dimensional, nonhydrostatic model for the atmosphere. In general, EBG methods possess high-order accuracy, geometric flexibility, excellent dispersion properties and good scalability. Our nonhydrostatic model, based on the compressible Euler equations, is appropriate for both limited-area and global atmospheric simulations. Both a continuous Galerkin (CG), or spectral element, and discontinuous Galerkin (DG) model are considered using hexahedral elements. The formulation is suitable for both global and limited-area atmospheric modeling, although we restrict our attention to 3D limited-area phenomena in this study; global atmospheric simulations will be presented in a follow-up paper. Domain decomposition and communication algorithms used by both our CG and DG models are presented. The communication volume and exchange algorithms for CG and DG are compared and contrasted. Numerical verification of the model was performed using two test cases: flow past a 3D mountain and buoyant convection of a bubble in a neutral atmosphere; these tests indicate that both CG and DG can simulate the necessary physics of dry atmospheric dynamics. Scalability of both methods is shown up to 8192 CPU cores, with near ideal scaling for DG up to 32,768 cores. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kelly, James F.; Giraldo, Francis X.] USN, Dept Appl Math, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Giraldo, FX (reprint author), USN, Dept Appl Math, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM giraldo@nrlmry.navy.mil FU ONR [PE-0602435N] FX The authors acknowledge Shiva Gopalakrishnan for his assistance in analyzing the bottlenecks of the MPI codes as well as running some of the simulations. In addition we thank Shiva Gopalakrishnan, Michal Kopera, and Les Carr for reading drafts of the paper and offering constructive comments. The authors also acknowledge XSEDE for providing resources on TACC's Ranger Sun Constellation cluster. We would also like to thank the people who run Ranger for their assistance. This work was funded by ONR Grant PE-0602435N. NR 42 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 3 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 2012 VL 231 IS 24 BP 7988 EP 8008 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2012.04.042 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 009VS UT WOS:000309054000002 ER PT J AU Holmstrom, SA Stievater, TH Pruessner, MW Park, D Rabinovich, WS Khurgin, JB Richardson, CJK Kanakaraju, S Calhoun, LC Ghodssi, R AF Holmstrom, Scott A. Stievater, Todd H. Pruessner, Marcel W. Park, Doewon Rabinovich, William S. Khurgin, Jacob B. Richardson, Christopher J. K. Kanakaraju, Subramaniam Calhoun, Lynn C. Ghodssi, Reza TI Guided-mode phonon-polaritons in suspended waveguides SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-SCATTERING SPECTRA; RAMAN-SCATTERING; THZ GENERATION; THIN CRYSTALS; GAP; FILMS; INP; DISPERSION; FREQUENCY; REGION AB We report on the characterization of two-dimensionally confined phonon-polaritons at terahertz frequencies in suspended waveguides using Raman scattering. The cross-sectional dimensions of the waveguides are commensurate with the wavelength of the phonon-polariton in forward scattering leading to Raman spectra that depend strongly on the physical size of the waveguide. We use finite element numerical computations to predict the polariton frequencies and find excellent agreement with measurements. Our observations and analysis advance the understanding of polariton propagation in guiding geometries and also have significant practical implications in integrated terahertz generation and stimulated Raman amplification. C1 [Holmstrom, Scott A.] Univ Tulsa, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA. [Stievater, Todd H.; Pruessner, Marcel W.; Park, Doewon; Rabinovich, William S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Khurgin, Jacob B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Richardson, Christopher J. K.; Kanakaraju, Subramaniam; Calhoun, Lynn C.] Univ Maryland, Lab Phys Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Ghodssi, Reza] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Syst Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Holmstrom, SA (reprint author), Univ Tulsa, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA. RI khurgin, Jacob/A-3278-2010 FU US Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported, in part, by the US Office of Naval Research. NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 16 AR 165120 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.165120 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 020LP UT WOS:000309810300003 ER PT J AU Su, CM Puls, RW Krug, TA Watling, MT O'Hara, SK Quinn, JW Ruiz, NE AF Su, Chunming Puls, Robert W. Krug, Thomas A. Watling, Mark T. O'Hara, Suzanne K. Quinn, Jacqueline W. Ruiz, Nancy E. TI A two and half-year-performance evaluation of a field test on treatment of source zone tetrachloroethene and its chlorinated daughter products using emulsified zero valent iron nanoparticles SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Tetrachloroethene; Emulsified zero valent iron nanoparticles; Groundwater remediation; Pneumatic and direct injections; Reductive dechlorination; Mass flux ID MICROBIAL REDUCTIVE DECHLORINATION; MODIFIED FE-0 NANOPARTICLES; PARTICLE CONCENTRATION; TCE DECHLORINATION; VINYL-CHLORIDE; MASS FLUXES; NANOSCALE; GROUNDWATER; WATER; TRANSPORT AB A field test of emulsified zero valent iron (EZVI) nanoparticles was conducted at Parris Island, SC, USA and was monitored for two and half years to assess the treatment of subsurface-source zone chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) dominated by tetrachloroethene (PCE) and its chlorinated daughter products. Two EZVI delivery methods were used: pneumatic injection and direct injection. In the pneumatic injection plot, 2180 L of EZVI containing 225 kg of iron (Toda RNIP-10DS), 856 kg of corn oil, and 22.5 kg of surfactant were injected to remedy an estimated 38 kg of CVOCs. In the direct injection plot, 572 L of EZVI were injected to treat an estimated 0.155 kg of CVOCs. After injection of the EZVI, significant reductions in PCE and trichloroethene (TCE) concentrations were observed in downgradient wells with corresponding increases in degradation products including significant increases in ethene. In the pneumatic injection plot, there were significant reductions in the downgradient groundwater mass flux values for PCE (>85%) and TCE (>85%) and a significant increase in the mass flux of ethene. There were significant reductions in total CVOC mass (86%); an estimated reduction of 63% in the sorbed and dissolved phases and 93% reduction in the PCE DNAPL mass. There are uncertainties in these estimates because DNAPL may have been mobilized during and after injection. Following injection, significant increases in dissolved sulfide, volatile fatty acids (VFA), and total organic carbon (TOC) were observed. In contrast, dissolved sulfate and pH decreased in many wells. The apparent effective remediation seems to have been accomplished by direct abiotic dechlorination by nanoiron followed by biological reductive dechlorination stimulated by the corn oil in the emulsion. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Su, Chunming; Puls, Robert W.] US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Krug, Thomas A.; Watling, Mark T.; O'Hara, Suzanne K.] Geosyntec Consultants Inc, Guelph, ON N1G 5G3, Canada. [Quinn, Jacqueline W.] NASA, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA. [Ruiz, Nancy E.] USN, Facil Engn Command, Engn Serv Ctr, Port Hueneme, CA 93043 USA. RP Su, CM (reprint author), US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM su.chunming@epa.gov FU ESTCP [ER-0431]; U.S.EPA FX This project is a collaboration among the United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development, Geosyntec Consultants Inc., NASA, and the Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center. Funding was provided by ESTCP (project ER-0431) and the U.S.EPA. Although the research described in this article has been funded partly by the U.S.EPA, it has not been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and, therefore, does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We are grateful to the following individuals and organizations: Deborah Schnell, Cornel Plebani, and their team of Pneumatic Fracturing, Inc. (Alpha, NJ) for high-pressure pneumatic injection of EZVI, Andrew Thornton and Corey Gamwell of Vironex Environmental Field Service (Golden, CO) for direct push injection of EZVI, Drs. Cherie Geiger and Christian Clausen of the University of Central Florida for assisting with on-site preparation of EZVI, Mr. Tim Harrington of MCRD at Parris Island and Ms. Bridget Toews (Independent Contractor) for providing logistical support, Messrs. Justin Groves, Brad Scroggins, Ken Jewell, Russell Neil, Tim Lankford, and Pat Clark of EPA, and Steve Randall of Geosyntec for field support, Ms. Lynda Callaway and Kristie Hargrove and Mr. Mark White of EPA for TOC/TIC and anions analyses, Messrs. Steve Markham and Andrew Greenwood and Ms. Sandra Saye of Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc. for metals analysis, and Columbia Analytical Services, In. (Rochester, NY) for VOC, DHG, and VFA analysis, and TestAmerica (Knoxville, TN) for soils CVOC analysis. NR 51 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 84 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD OCT 15 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 16 BP 5071 EP 5084 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2012.06.051 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 010LL UT WOS:000309095800018 PM 22868086 ER PT J AU Garsany, Y Dutta, S Swider-Lyons, KE AF Garsany, Yannick Dutta, Sreya Swider-Lyons, Karen E. TI Effect of glycol-based coolants on the suppression and recovery of platinum fuel cell electrocatalysts SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Pt/VC electrocatalysts; Fuel cells; PEMFCs; ORR; RDE ID PT/VULCAN CARBON ELECTROCATALYSTS; OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION; ETHYLENE-GLYCOL; METHANOL ELECTROOXIDATION; ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION; QUANTITATIVE DEMS; PT3SN CATALYSTS; ELECTRODES; KINETICS; ALLOYS AB We use cyclic and rotating disk electrode voltammetry to study glycol-based coolant formulations to show that individual constituents have either negligible or significant poisoning effects on the nanoscale Pt/carbon catalysts used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The base fluid in all these coolants is glycol (1, 3 propanediol), commercially available in a BioGlycol coolant formulation with an ethoxylated nonylphenol surfactant, and azole- and polyol-based non-ionic corrosion inhibitors. Exposure of a Pt/Vulcan carbon electrode to glycol-water or glycol-water-surfactant mixtures causes the loss of Pt electrochemical surface area (ECSA), but the Pt ECSA is fully recovered in clean electrolyte. Only mixtures with the azole corrosion inhibitor cause irreversible losses to the Pt ECSA and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity. The Pt ECSA and ORR activity can only be recovered to within 70% of its initial values after aggressive voltammetric cycling to 1.50 V after azole poisoning. When poisoned with a glycol mixture containing the polyol corrosion inhibitor instead, the Pt ECSA and ORR activity is completely recovered by exposure to a clean electrolyte. The results suggest that prior to incorporation in a fuel cell, voltammetric evaluation of the constituents of coolant formulations is worthwhile. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Garsany, Yannick] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Garsany, Yannick] Excet Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. [Dutta, Sreya] Dynalene Inc, Whitehall, PA 18052 USA. RP Garsany, Y (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM yannick.garsany.ctr.fr@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors are grateful to the Office of Naval Research for financial support of this project. We would like to thank Satish Mohapatra and Patrick McMullen (Dynalene Inc.) for useful discussions and providing the coolant materials. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD OCT 15 PY 2012 VL 216 BP 515 EP 525 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.06.059 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 999SO UT WOS:000308335500068 ER PT J AU Zhou, L Storm, DF Katzer, DS Meyer, DJ Smith, DJ AF Zhou, Lin Storm, D. F. Katzer, D. S. Meyer, D. J. Smith, David J. TI Comparison of microstructure of N-polar GaN/AlGaN/GaN heterostructures grown on different substrates SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE Characterization; Molecular beam epitaxy; Nitrides ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; ALGAN/GAN HEMTS; GAN; GANHEMTS; DENSITY; ALLOYS AB Several N-polar GaN/AlGaN/GaN heterostructures intended for high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) devices were grown by molecular beam epitaxy using either SiC or freestanding GaN substrates. The microstructure of these heterostructures has been compared using transmission electron microscopy and associated analytical techniques. Considerable 1:1 ordering was observed within the AlxGa1-xN layers (where x similar to 0.34-0.37) for both substrate types. Threading dislocations were the most common defects observed in structures grown on SiC substrates, whereas interfacial misfit dislocations and surface pits were the primary defects observed in samples grown on the freestanding GaN substrates. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhou, Lin; Smith, David J.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Storm, D. F.; Katzer, D. S.; Meyer, D. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zhou, L (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM linzhou@asu.edu RI Katzer, D. Scott/N-7841-2013 FU Reliability Information Analysis Center (RIAC) under Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors Directorate [HC1047-05-D-4005]; Office of Naval Research FX The electron microscopy studies at Arizona State University (LZ and DJS) were carried out under contract to Wyle Laboratories as part of Reliability Information Analysis Center (RIAC) Contract HC1047-05-D-4005 (Monitor: Stephen Tetlak), under the Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors Directorate Technical Area Task 117 (Monitor: Chris Bozada). The work at NRL was supported by the Office of Naval Research. We also acknowledge use of facilities in the John M. Cowley Center for High Resolution Electron Microscopy at Arizona State University. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 49 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD OCT 15 PY 2012 VL 357 BP 25 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2012.06.035 PG 5 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 002IS UT WOS:000308525900005 ER PT J AU McLay, JG Flatau, MK Reynolds, CA Cummings, J Hogan, T Flatau, PJ AF McLay, J. G. Flatau, M. K. Reynolds, C. A. Cummings, J. Hogan, T. Flatau, P. J. TI Inclusion of sea-surface temperature variation in the US Navy ensemble-transform global ensemble prediction system SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID ANALYSIS PERTURBATION SCHEME; MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; DIURNAL WARM LAYERS; DATA ASSIMILATION; OCEAN; MODEL; FORMULATION; ATMOSPHERE; SATELLITE AB The local ensemble transform (ET) analysis perturbation scheme is adapted to generate perturbations to both atmospheric variables and sea-surface temperature (SST). The adapted local ET scheme is used in conjunction with a prognostic model of SST diurnal variation and the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS) global spectral model to generate a medium-range forecast ensemble. When compared to a control ensemble, the new forecast ensemble with SST variation exhibits notable differences in various physical properties including the spatial patterns of surface fluxes, outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), cloud radiative forcing, near-surface air temperature and wind speed, and 24-h accumulated precipitation. The structure of the daily cycle of precipitation also is substantially changed, generally exhibiting a more realistic midday peak of precipitation. Diagnostics of ensemble performance indicate that the inclusion of SST variation is very favorable to forecasts in the Tropics. The forecast ensemble with SST variation outscores the control ensemble in the Tropics across a broad set of metrics and variables. The SST variation has much less impact in the Midlatitudes. Further comparison shows that SST diurnal variation and the SST analysis perturbations are each individually beneficial to the forecast from an overall standpoint. The SST analysis perturbations have broader benefit in the Tropics than the SST diurnal variation, and inclusion of the SST analysis perturbations together with the SST diurnal variation is essential to realize the greatest gains in forecast performance. C1 [McLay, J. G.; Flatau, M. K.; Reynolds, C. A.; Cummings, J.; Hogan, T.; Flatau, P. J.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP McLay, JG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM justin.mclay@nrlmry.navy.mil RI Flatau, Piotr/E-2219-2011; OI Reynolds, Carolyn/0000-0003-4690-4171 FU NRL Base Program [0601153 N] FX The comments of four anonymous reviewers substantially improved this manuscript. This research was supported by the NRL Base Program under program element 0601153 N. The DoD High Performance Computing program at NAVO DSRC provided the computing resources. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD OCT 13 PY 2012 VL 117 AR D19120 DI 10.1029/2011JD016937 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 020RN UT WOS:000309831300001 ER PT J AU Helmboldt, JF Lane, WM Cotton, WD AF Helmboldt, J. F. Lane, W. M. Cotton, W. D. TI Climatology of midlatitude ionospheric disturbances from the Very Large Array Low-frequency Sky Survey SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RADIO INTERFEROMETER AB The results of a climatological study of ionospheric disturbances derived from observations of cosmic sources from the Very Large Array (VLA) Low-frequency Sky Survey (VLSS) are presented. We have used the ionospheric corrections applied to the 74 MHz interferometric data within the VLSS imaging process to obtain fluctuation spectra for the total electron content (TEC) gradient on spatial scales from a few to hundreds of kilometers and temporal scales from less than one minute to nearly an hour. The observations sample nearly all times of day and all seasons. They also span latitudes and longitudes from 28 degrees N to 40 degrees N and 95 degrees W to 114 degrees W, respectively. We have binned and averaged the fluctuation spectra according to time of day, season, and geomagnetic (K-p index) and solar (F10.7) activity. These spectra provide a detailed, multiscale account of seasonal and intraday variations in ionospheric activity with wavelike structures detected at wavelengths between about 35 and 250 km. In some cases, trends between spectral power and K-p index and/or F10.7 are also apparent. In addition, the VLSS observations allow for measurements of the turbulent power spectrum down to periods of 40 s (scales of similar to 0.4 km at the height of the E-region). While the level of turbulent activity does not appear to have a strong dependence on either K-p index or F10.7, it does appear to be more pronounced during the winter daytime, summer nighttime, and near dusk during the spring. C1 [Helmboldt, J. F.; Lane, W. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cotton, W. D.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Helmboldt, JF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7213,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joe.helmboldt@nrl.navy.mil RI Helmboldt, Joseph/C-8105-2012 NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 EI 1944-799X J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD OCT 12 PY 2012 VL 47 AR RS5008 DI 10.1029/2012RS005025 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA 020UQ UT WOS:000309840500001 ER PT J AU He, JH Knies, DL Hubler, GK Grabowski, KS Tonucci, RJ Dechiaro, LF AF He, J. H. Knies, D. L. Hubler, G. K. Grabowski, K. S. Tonucci, R. J. Dechiaro, L. F. TI Hydrogen segregation and lattice reorientation in palladium hydride nanowires SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID METAL NANOWIRES; GOLD NANOWIRES; STRENGTH AB We study palladium hydride nanowires of different sizes and hydrogen concentrations at 300K using molecular dynamic simulations. Strong surface segregation of hydrogen with a depletion zone behind is observed in the palladium hydride nanowires. We also show that lattice reorientation is controlled by the hydrogen concentration as well as the nanowire size. The interplay of surface stresses and hydrogen induced stresses is responsible for the observations. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757999] C1 [He, J. H.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Knies, D. L.; Hubler, G. K.; Grabowski, K. S.; Tonucci, R. J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dechiaro, L. F.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. RP He, JH (reprint author), Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. EM jhe@ccs.nrl.navy.mil OI Grabowski, Kenneth/0000-0003-0816-001X FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [63-4377-01] FX This work was supported by The Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under Contract No. 63-4377-01. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 8 PY 2012 VL 101 IS 15 AR 153103 DI 10.1063/1.4757999 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 026TQ UT WOS:000310304900061 ER PT J AU Stevens, MH Lossow, S Fiedler, J Baumgarten, G Lubken, FJ Hallgren, K Hartogh, P Randall, CE Lumpe, J Bailey, SM Niciejewski, R Meier, RR Plane, JMC Kochenash, AJ Murtagh, DP Englert, CR AF Stevens, Michael H. Lossow, Stefan Fiedler, Jens Baumgarten, Gerd Luebken, Franz-Josef Hallgren, Kristofer Hartogh, Paul Randall, Cora E. Lumpe, Jerry Bailey, Scott M. Niciejewski, R. Meier, R. R. Plane, John M. C. Kochenash, Andrew J. Murtagh, Donal P. Englert, Christoph R. TI Bright polar mesospheric clouds formed by main engine exhaust from the space shuttle's final launch SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID WATER-VAPOR; ODIN SATELLITE; ART.; ICE; INSTRUMENT; DESIGN; NLC AB The space shuttle launched for the last time on 8 July 2011. As with most shuttle launches, the three main engines injected about 350 t of water vapor between 100 and 115 km off the east coast of the United States during its ascent to orbit. We follow the motion of this exhaust with a variety of satellite and ground-based data sets and find that (1) the shuttle water vapor plume spread out horizontally in all directions over a distance of 3000 to 4000 km in 18 h, (2) a portion of the plume reached northern Europe in 21 h to form polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs) that are brighter than over 99% of all PMCs observed in that region, and (3) the observed altitude dependence of the particle size is reversed with larger particles above smaller particles. We use a one- dimensional cloud formation model initialized with predictions of a plume diffusion model to simulate the unusually bright PMCs. We find that eddy mixing can move the plume water vapor down to the mesopause near 90 km where ice particles can form. If the eddy diffusion coefficient is 400 to 1000 m(2)/s, the predicted integrated cloud brightness is in agreement with both satellite and ground-based observations of the shuttle PMCs. The propellant mass of the shuttle is about 20% of that from all vehicles launched during the northern 2011 PMC season. We suggest that the brightest PMC population near 70 degrees N is formed by space traffic exhaust. C1 [Stevens, Michael H.; Englert, Christoph R.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lossow, Stefan] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, Leopoldshafen, Germany. [Lossow, Stefan] Chalmers, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden. [Fiedler, Jens; Baumgarten, Gerd; Luebken, Franz-Josef] Inst Atmospher Phys, Kuhlungsborn, Germany. [Hallgren, Kristofer; Hartogh, Paul] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. [Hallgren, Kristofer] Inst Atmospher Phys, Kuhlungsborn, Germany. [Randall, Cora E.] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Randall, Cora E.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Lumpe, Jerry] Computat Phys Inc, Boulder, CO USA. [Bailey, Scott M.] Virginia Polytech & State Univ, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Niciejewski, R.] Univ Michigan, Space Phys Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Meier, R. R.] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Plane, John M. C.] Univ Leeds, Sch Chem, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Kochenash, Andrew J.] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA USA. [Murtagh, Donal P.] Chalmers, Dept Earth & Space Sci, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. RP Stevens, MH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Code 7641,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.stevens@nrl.navy.mil RI Meier, Robert/G-4749-2014; Plane, John/C-7444-2015; Murtagh, Donal/F-8694-2011; Randall, Cora/L-8760-2014; OI Baumgarten, Gerd/0000-0002-6727-284X; Meier, Robert/0000-0001-8497-7115; Plane, John/0000-0003-3648-6893; Murtagh, Donal/0000-0003-1539-3559; Randall, Cora/0000-0002-4313-4397; Englert, Christoph/0000-0002-2145-6168; Stevens, Michael/0000-0003-1082-8955 FU NASA Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere mission; NSF [AGS 0737705] FX M.H.S., C.E.R., J.D.L. and S.M.B. were supported by the NASA Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere mission. C.E.R. was also supported by NSF AGS 0737705. We thank Markus Rapp for providing the CARMA model used herein and Eric Jensen for insightful comments on the modeling aspects of this work. We also thank the Flight Dynamics Division at the NASA Johnson Space Center for providing the STS-135 ascent profile. AIM/CIPS data are available at http://aim.hamptonu.edu/sds/index.html. NR 44 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD OCT 5 PY 2012 VL 117 AR D19206 DI 10.1029/2012JD017638 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 018HC UT WOS:000309649900001 ER PT J AU Vartanyan, A Milikh, GM Mishin, E Parrot, M Galkin, I Reinisch, B Huba, J Joyce, G Papadopoulos, K AF Vartanyan, A. Milikh, G. M. Mishin, E. Parrot, M. Galkin, I. Reinisch, B. Huba, J. Joyce, G. Papadopoulos, K. TI Artificial ducts caused by HF heating of the ionosphere by HAARP SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RADIO-WAVES; DRIFT MEASUREMENTS; AIRGLOW; MODEL AB We report on satellite observations of plasma density enhancements (ducts) in the topside ionosphere during four HAARP/BRIOCHE campaigns during 2009-2010. Artificial ducts, caused by high-power HF radio wave injections from the HAARP transmitter toward the magnetic zenith, are detected by the DEMETER and DMSP satellites on a regular basis when there is a perceptible ionospheric F-2 peak density. Overall, the plasma density enhancements detected between 0930 and 1230 LT varied from 3-13%, while those during similar to 1730-2215 LT were typically 15-40%. We also used a modified SAMI2 model to study the artificial ducts' mechanism driven by HF electron heating in the bottomside F-2 region. The heating builds up the plasma pressure, thus pushing plasma along the magnetic field. The simulation results performed for the input parameters similar to the conditions of the heating experiments are in fair agreement with the pertinent observations. The ducts seem to be produced most efficiently for heating frequencies quite close to the critical frequency f(o)F(2). C1 [Vartanyan, A.; Milikh, G. M.; Joyce, G.; Papadopoulos, K.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Vartanyan, A.; Milikh, G. M.; Joyce, G.; Papadopoulos, K.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mishin, E.] USAF, Space Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Parrot, M.] CNRS, Lab Phys & Chim Environm & Espace, F-45071 Orleans, France. [Galkin, I.; Reinisch, B.] Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Atmospher Res, Lowell, MA USA. [Huba, J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Vartanyan, A (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM aramvar@umd.edu FU DARPA [N684228]; BAE Systems; MURI [N000140710789]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX A.V. and G.M. were supported by DARPA via a subcontract N684228 with BAE Systems and also by the MURI grant N000140710789. E.M. was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. The authors thank J.J. Berthelier for the use of the data from the IAP instrument onboard DEMETER. We are also very thankful for Lee Snyder's help with the Digisonde measurements and for the Kodiak radar measurements made by Bill Bristow. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD OCT 5 PY 2012 VL 117 AR A10307 DI 10.1029/2012JA017563 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 017RX UT WOS:000309609600001 ER PT J AU Johnson, BJ Leska, IA Melde, BJ Taft, JR AF Johnson, Brandy J. Leska, Iwona A. Melde, Brian J. Taft, Jenna R. TI Removal of phosgene by metalloporphyrin-functionalized porous organosilicates SO CATALYSIS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Macroporous; Mesoporous; Organosilica; Porphyrin; Air purification ID SILICATE MATERIALS; NITRIC-OXIDE; FILMS; CHLORIDE AB This study sought to characterize the removal of phosgene by functionalized porous organosilicate sorbents. Metalloporphyrin variants were generated based on a Deuteroporphyrin IX 2,4 bis-ethylene glycol functionalized sorbent. The copper(II) variant removed phosgene at rates significantly higher than that of the bare sorbent. It was further demonstrated that the sorbent was reusable and that illumination resulted in additional target removal. The column effluent from the Cu(II) functionalized sorbent was shown to contain chloride: however, the levels were significantly less than would be expected based on a mass balance. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Johnson, Brandy J.; Melde, Brian J.] USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Leska, Iwona A.; Taft, Jenna R.] NOVA Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Johnson, BJ (reprint author), USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brandy.white@nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency [BA08PRO015] FX This research was sponsored by the U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency (BA08PRO015). The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not represent those of the U.S. Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-7367 J9 CATAL COMMUN JI Catal. Commun. PD OCT 5 PY 2012 VL 27 BP 105 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.catcom.2012.07.010 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 014NH UT WOS:000309382100024 ER PT J AU Khemlani, SS Lotstein, M Johnson-Laird, P AF Khemlani, Sangeet S. Lotstein, Max Johnson-Laird, Phil TI The Probabilities of Unique Events SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COGNITION; JUDGMENT; MODEL AB Many theorists argue that the probabilities of unique events, even real possibilities such as President Obama's re-election, are meaningless. As a consequence, psychologists have seldom investigated them. We propose a new theory (implemented in a computer program) in which such estimates depend on an intuitive non-numerical system capable only of simple procedures, and a deliberative system that maps intuitions into numbers. The theory predicts that estimates of the probabilities of conjunctions should often tend to split the difference between the probabilities of the two conjuncts. We report two experiments showing that individuals commit such violations of the probability calculus, and corroborating other predictions of the theory, e. g., individuals err in the same way even when they make non-numerical verbal estimates, such as that an event is highly improbable. C1 [Khemlani, Sangeet S.] USN, Res Lab, Navy Ctr Appl Res Artificial Intelligence, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lotstein, Max; Johnson-Laird, Phil] Princeton Univ, Dept Psychol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Khemlani, SS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Navy Ctr Appl Res Artificial Intelligence, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM skhemlani@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship; National Science Foundation [SES 0844851] FX This research was supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship, as well as National Science Foundation Grant No. SES 0844851 to study deductive and probabilistic reasoning. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 10 AR e45975 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0045975 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 015NG UT WOS:000309452600018 PM 23056224 ER PT J AU Snijders, PC Johnson, PS Guisinger, NP Erwin, SC Himpsel, FJ AF Snijders, P. C. Johnson, P. S. Guisinger, N. P. Erwin, S. C. Himpsel, F. J. TI Spectroscopic evidence for spin-polarized edge states in graphitic Si nanowires SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GRAPHENE NANORIBBONS; CHAINS; LIQUID; WAVE AB The step edges on the Si(553)-Au surface undergo a 1x3 reconstruction at low temperature which has recently been interpreted theoretically as the x3 ordering of spin-polarized silicon atoms at the edges of the graphitic Si nanowires on this vicinal surface. This predicted magnetic ground state has a clear spectroscopic signature-a silicon step-edge state at 0.5 eV above the Fermi level-that arises from strong exchange splitting and hence would not occur without spin polarization. Here we report spatially resolved scanning tunneling spectroscopy data for these nanowires. At low temperature we find an unoccupied state at 0.5 eV above every third ste-pedge silicon atom, in excellent agreement with the spin-polarized ground state predicted theoretically. This spin-polarized state survives up to room temperature where the position of the spins rapidly fluctuates among all Si step-edge sites. C1 [Snijders, P. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Johnson, P. S.; Himpsel, F. J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Guisinger, N. P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Erwin, S. C.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Snijders, PC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM snijderspc@ornl.gov FU US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; NSF [DMR-0705145]; Office of Naval Research; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Part of this research was supported by the US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division (PCS). FJH and PSJ acknowledge support by the NSF under Award No. DMR-0705145. Part of this work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (SCE). The DFT computations were performed at the DoD Major Shared Resource Centers at AFRL and ERDC. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank H H Weitering for kindly providing the Si(553) wafer. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 43 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 14 AR 103004 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/14/10/103004 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 014SS UT WOS:000309396600001 ER PT J AU Feng, S Halterman, K AF Feng, Simin Halterman, Klaus TI Coherent perfect absorption in epsilon-near-zero metamaterials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID METALLIC GRATINGS; BAND; LIGHT; SURFACES; ABSORBERS; DESIGN AB In conventional materials, strong absorption usually requires that the material have either high loss or a large thickness-to-wavelength ratio (d/lambda >> 1). We find the situation to be vastly different for bilayer structures composed of ametallic substrate and an anisotropic epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) metamaterial, where the permittivity in the direction perpendicular to its surface, epsilon(z), vanishes. Remarkably, perfect absorption can occur in situations where the metamaterial is arbitrarily thin (d/lambda << 1) and arbitrarily low loss. Our numerical and analytical solutions reveal that under the conditions epsilon(z) -> 0 and J(epsilon(z)) >> R(epsilon(z)), at perfect absorption there is a linear relationship between the thickness and the loss, which means the thickness of the absorber can be pushed to zero by reducing the material loss to zero. This counterintuitive behavior is explained in terms of coherent perfect absorption (or stimulated absorption) via critical coupling to a fast wave propagating along the ENZ layer. C1 [Feng, Simin; Halterman, Klaus] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Phys, Michelson Lab, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Feng, S (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Phys, Michelson Lab, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM simin.feng@navy.mil OI Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134 FU NAVAIR's Core S&T EO Initiative program; ILIR program FX S. Feng acknowledges the sponsorship of NAVAIR's Core S&T EO Initiative and ILIR programs. NR 42 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 11 U2 63 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 16 AR 165103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.165103 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 014OP UT WOS:000309385700003 ER PT J AU Kwan, JM Jacob, SE AF Kwan, Julia M. Jacob, Sharon E. TI Contact Dermatitis in the Atopic Child SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID DELAYED-TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY; PATCH TEST REACTIONS; ALLERGY; ADOLESCENTS; SENSITIZATION; PREVALENCE; FREQUENCY; DISEASES; NICKEL C1 [Kwan, Julia M.] USN, Dept Dermatol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Jacob, Sharon E.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, Rady Childrens Hosp, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Jacob, Sharon E.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat Dermatol, Rady Childrens Hosp, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Jacob, SE (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, Rady Childrens Hosp, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. EM sjacob@contactderm.net NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 EI 1938-2359 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Annu. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 41 IS 10 BP 422 EP + DI 10.3928/00904481-20120924-15 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 082NS UT WOS:000314399300020 PM 23052146 ER PT J AU Mates, SP Forster, AM Hunston, D Rhorer, R Everett, RK Simmonds, KE Bagchi, A AF Mates, Steven P. Forster, Aaron M. Hunston, Donald Rhorer, Richard Everett, Richard K. Simmonds, Kirth E. Bagchi, Amit TI Identifying the dynamic compressive stiffness of a prospective biomimetic elastomer by an inverse method SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Biomimetic material; Kolsky bar; High-strain-rate; Digital image correlation; Inverse problem; Finite element analysis ID HOPKINSON PRESSURE BAR; SOFT HUMAN TISSUES; BEHAVIOR; IDENTIFICATION; STRAIN; IMPACT; BRAIN; LIVER; MODEL AB Soft elastomeric materials that mimic real soft human tissues are sought to provide realistic experimental devices to simulate the human body's response to blast loading to aid the development of more effective protective equipment. The dynamic mechanical behavior of these materials is often measured using a Kolsky bar because it can achieve both the high strain rates (>100 s(-1)) and the large strains (>20%) that prevail in blast scenarios. Obtaining valid results is challenging, however, due to poor dynamic equilibrium, friction, and inertial effects. To avoid these difficulties, an inverse method was employed to determine the dynamic response of a soft, prospective biomimetic elastomer using Kolsky bar tests coupled with high-speed 3D digital image correlation. Individual tests were modeled using finite elements, and the dynamic stiffness of the elastomer was identified by matching the simulation results with test data using numerical optimization. Using this method, the average dynamic response was found to be nearly equivalent to the quasi-static response measured with stress-strain curves at compressive strains up to 60%, with an uncertainty of +/- 18%. Moreover, the behavior was consistent with the results in stress relaxation experiments and oscillatory tests although the latter were performed at lower strain levels. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mates, Steven P.; Forster, Aaron M.; Hunston, Donald; Rhorer, Richard] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Everett, Richard K.; Bagchi, Amit] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Simmonds, Kirth E.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Washington, DC USA. RP Mates, SP (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8553, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM smates@nist.gov OI Everett, Richard/0000-0002-6725-9442 NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1751-6161 J9 J MECH BEHAV BIOMED JI J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 14 BP 89 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.04.023 PG 12 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 073SB UT WOS:000313761700010 PM 22982958 ER PT J AU Matta, CF Huang, LL Massa, L AF Matta, Cherif F. Huang, Lulu Massa, Lou TI Local intense cellular electric fields and their relevance in the computational modeling of biochemical reactions SO FUTURE MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material DE biochemical reaction kinetics; computational biochemistry; electrobiology; electrochemotherapy; quantum medicinal chemistry ID INFRARED-LASER FIELDS; CYTOCHROME-OXIDASE; REACTION CENTERS; RECOMBINATION KINETICS; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; CHARGE RECOMBINATION; ANTITUMOR TREATMENT; REACTION PATHS; BREAST-CANCER; ELECTROCHEMOTHERAPY C1 [Massa, Lou] CUNY Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Matta, Cherif F.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Chem, Halifax, NS B3H 4J3, Canada. [Huang, Lulu] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Matta, Cherif F.] Mt St Vincent Univ, Dept Chem & Phys, Halifax, NS B3M 2J6, Canada. [Massa, Lou] CUNY, Grad Sch, New York, NY 10065 USA. RP Massa, L (reprint author), CUNY Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10065 USA. EM lmassa@hunter.cuny.edu NR 54 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU FUTURE SCI LTD PI LONDON PA UNITED HOUSE, 2 ALBERT PL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1756-8919 J9 FUTURE MED CHEM JI Future Med. Chem. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 4 IS 15 SI SI BP 1873 EP 1875 DI 10.4155/FMC.12.143 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 055KI UT WOS:000312414500003 PM 23088266 ER PT J AU Menon, L Richter, C Friedman, A Wu, Z Panaitescu, E AF Menon, Latika Richter, Christiaan Friedman, Adam Wu, Zhen Panaitescu, Eugen TI Synthesis of Nanomaterials Using Self-Assembled Nanotemplates SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Nanopores; Nanotubes; Titania; Alumina; Nanowires; Electrodeposition ID TITANIA NANOTUBE-ARRAYS; ANODIC TIO2 NANOTUBES; POROUS ALUMINA TEMPLATES; BISMUTH NANOWIRE ARRAYS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; OXIDE-FILMS; ALLOY NANOWIRE; AAO TEMPLATE; PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; ELECTROCHEMICAL FABRICATION AB Nanoporous alumina templates and titania nanotube arrays have emerged as highly important materials due to their many potential applications in a variety of research areas. The templates are prepared using an electrochemical anodization process starting from metallic Al or Ti films. Several different synthesis routes for the deposition of such templates have been demonstrated in literature. This article provides an overview of the various synthesis routes that may be employed. The templates have diverse applications and may also be utilized in the electrodeposition of nanowire arrays of a variety of materials, such as metals, semiconductors, etc. A brief overview of these deposition methods is also provided. C1 [Menon, Latika; Panaitescu, Eugen] Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Richter, Christiaan] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Friedman, Adam] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wu, Zhen] E China Normal Univ, Software Engn Inst E China, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China. RP Menon, L (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RI Friedman, Adam/D-9610-2011; Panaitescu, Eugen/A-9237-2011 OI Friedman, Adam/0000-0003-0597-5432; FU NSF [ECCS-0551468, CBET-0608892] FX This work is supported by NSF grants ECCS-0551468 and CBET-0608892. NR 135 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 120 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI VALENCIA PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA SN 1533-4880 EI 1533-4899 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 12 IS 10 BP 7658 EP 7676 DI 10.1166/jnn.2012.6637 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 058FT UT WOS:000312620200007 PM 23421126 ER PT J AU Butler, JL Butler, AL Butler, SC AF Butler, John L. Butler, Alexander L. Butler, Stephen C. TI Thermal model for piezoelectric transducers (L) SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SONAR PROJECTORS AB A lumped parameter equivalent circuit basis for calculating and allocating heat power sources in a transducer is presented along with experimental results. The simple model allows heat power calculations at resonance based on readily attainable parameters for transducers with uniform fields. Measured and finite element analysis of steady state thermal results are compared for the monopole mode of the single crystal driven modal transducer projector. The model serves as a physical and computational aid in the evaluation of piezoelectric transducer heating and may be used for evaluating highly coupled single crystal as well as ceramic piezoelectric transducers. (C) 2012 Acoustical Society of America. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4748583] C1 [Butler, John L.; Butler, Alexander L.] Image Acoust Inc, Cohasset, MA 02025 USA. [Butler, Stephen C.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Butler, JL (reprint author), Image Acoust Inc, Cohasset, MA 02025 USA. EM jbutler@imageacoustics.com FU ONR FX The single crystal material PMN-28PT was supplied by HC Materials Corporation, Bolingbrook, IL. Measurements were made at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Seneca Lake test facility, Dresden, NY and ARL/Penn State, State College, PA. We would like to thank Eric Lambert of Ultra Electronics Ocean Systems, Braintree, MA and Victoria Curtis of Image Acoustics, Inc. for their help and we would also like to thank Jan Lindberg of ONR for his interest and sponsorship. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 132 IS 4 BP 2161 EP 2164 DI 10.1121/1.4748583 PN 1 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 018HJ UT WOS:000309650600019 PM 23039410 ER PT J AU Gerdes, F Finette, S AF Gerdes, Frank Finette, Steven TI A stochastic response surface formulation for the description of acoustic propagation through an uncertain internal wave field SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID COMPUTATIONAL FLUID-DYNAMICS; POLYNOMIAL CHAOS; GUIDE ENVIRONMENT; STRATIFIED FLOW; EXPANSIONS; EQUATIONS AB A modeling and simulation study is performed in a littoral ocean waveguide subject to uncertainty in four quantities: source depth, tidal forcing, initial thermocline structure, and sediment sound speed. In this partially known shelf-break environment, tidal forcing over a density-stratified water column produces internal tides and solitary wave packets. The resulting uncertainty in the space-time oceanographic field is mapped into the sound speed distribution which, in turn, introduces uncertainty into the acoustic wave field. The latter is treated as a stochastic field whose intensity is described by a polynomial chaos expansion. The expansion coefficients are estimated through constrained multivariate linear regression, and an analysis of the chaos coefficients provides insight into the relative contribution of the uncertain acoustic and oceanographic quantities. Histograms of acoustic intensity are estimated and compared to a reference solution obtained through Latin Hypercube sampling. A sensitivity analysis is performed to illustrate the relative importance of the four contributions of incomplete information about the environment. The simulation methodology represents an end-to-end analysis approach including both oceanographic and acoustic field uncertainty where the latter is quantified using stochastic basis expansions in the form of a polynomial chaos representation. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4746032] C1 [Finette, Steven] USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gerdes, Frank] Naval Technol & Res WTD 71, Bundeswehr Tech Ctr Ships & Naval Weap, Res Dept Underwater Acoust & Marine Geophys FWG, D-24148 Kiel, Germany. RP Finette, S (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM steven.finette@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research under the NRL base funded program on Acoustic Field Uncertainty FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Dennis Creamer for the development of an algorithm to compute the chaos basis functionals. They also thank Mr. Thomas Evans and Dr. Colin Shen (deceased) for their help with running the hydrodynamic model. This work was supported by funding from the Office of Naval Research under the NRL base funded program on Acoustic Field Uncertainty. Frank Gerdes conducted the work at NRL as participant of the Engineer and Scientist Exchange Program (ESEP). He gratefully acknowledges the gracious hospitality of the Acoustics Division at NRL. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 13 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 132 IS 4 BP 2251 EP 2264 DI 10.1121/1.4746032 PN 1 PG 14 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 018HJ UT WOS:000309650600031 PM 23039422 ER PT J AU Badiey, M Song, AJ Smith, KB AF Badiey, Mohsen Song, Aijun Smith, Kevin B. TI Coherent reflection from surface gravity water waves during reciprocal acoustic transmissions SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SHALLOW-WATER; HIGH-FREQUENCY; SCATTERING; SOUND; VARIABILITY; SPECTRUM; MODEL AB During a recent experiment in Kauai, Hawaii, reciprocal transmissions were conducted between two acoustic transceivers mounted on the seafloor at a depth of 100 m. The passage of moving surface wave crests was shown to generate focused and intense coherent acoustic returns, which had increasing or decreasing delay depending on the direction of propagation relative to the direction of surface wave crests. It is shown that a rough surface two-dimensional parabolic equation model with an evolving sea surface can produce qualitative agreement with data for the dynamic surface returns. (C) 2012 Acoustical Society of America C1 [Badiey, Mohsen; Song, Aijun] Univ Delaware, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Smith, Kevin B.] USN, Dept Phys, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Badiey, M (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, 007 Robinson Hall, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM badiey@udel.edu; ajsong@udel.edu; kbsmith@nps.edu OI Song, Aijun/0000-0002-4736-0383 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [322OA, N00014-10-1-0396, N00014-10-1-0345]; Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (MURI) [N00014-07-1-0739] FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) Code 322OA through Grants Nos. N00014-10-1-0396 and No. N00014-10-1-0345 and a Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (MURI) (Grant No. N00014-07-1-0739). The authors wish to thank all participants of the KAM11 experiment. Special thanks are due to Dr. William S. Hodgkiss for leading the MURI project and providing monitoring hydrophone data. We also thank Jing Luo, Joseph Senne, and Entin Karjadi for their various help. NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 132 IS 4 BP EL290 EP EL295 DI 10.1121/1.4747815 PN 1 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 018HJ UT WOS:000309650600006 PM 23039567 ER PT J AU Fisher, JH Newlander, CD Horton, R Fournier, KB Emig, J Patterson, R Davis, JF Seiler, S Jenkins, PP AF Fisher, J. H. Newlander, C. D. Horton, R. Fournier, K. B. Emig, J. Patterson, R. Davis, J. F. Seiler, S. Jenkins, P. P. TI Radiochromic film measurement of spatial uniformity for a laser generated x-ray environment SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB An existing x-ray source application (XRSA) test cassette was modified to hold multiple x-ray filter materials followed by two radiochromic film types (FWT-60 and HD-810 Gafchromic (R) film) to qualitatively characterize the spectral-spatial uniformity over the XRSA sample field of view. Multiple sets of film were examined and nominal set was determined. These initial, qualitative measurements suggest a low-energy regime (E < 3 keV) spatial anisotropy and spatial isotropy at higher energies (E > 3 keV). (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4746811] C1 [Fisher, J. H.; Newlander, C. D.] Fifth Gait Technol Inc, Huntsville, AL 35803 USA. [Horton, R.] Gray Res Inc, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Fournier, K. B.; Emig, J.; Patterson, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Davis, J. F.; Seiler, S.] Alme & Associates, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA. [Jenkins, P. P.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Fisher, JH (reprint author), Fifth Gait Technol Inc, Huntsville, AL 35803 USA. EM Jonathan@5thGait.com NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E137 DI 10.1063/1.4746811 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900145 PM 23126958 ER PT J AU Osborne, GC Kantsyrev, VL Safronova, AS Esaulov, AA Weller, ME Shrestha, I Shlyaptseva, VV Ouart, ND AF Osborne, G. C. Kantsyrev, V. L. Safronova, A. S. Esaulov, A. A. Weller, M. E. Shrestha, I. Shlyaptseva, V. V. Ouart, N. D. TI X-ray absorption spectroscopy of aluminum z-pinch plasma with tungsten backlighter planar wire array source SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB Absorption features from K-shell aluminum z-pinch plasmas have recently been studied on Zebra, the 1.7 MA pulse power generator at the Nevada Terawatt Facility. In particular, tungsten plasma has been used as a semi-backlighter source in the generation of aluminum K-shell absorption spectra by placing a single Al wire at or near the end of a single planar W array. All spectroscopic experimental results were recorded using a time-integrated, spatially resolved convex potassium hydrogen phthalate (KAP) crystal spectrometer. Other diagnostics used to study these plasmas included x-ray detectors, optical imaging, laser shadowgraphy, and time-gated and time-integrated x-ray pinhole imagers. Through comparisons with previous publications, Al K-shell absorption lines are shown to be from much lower electron temperature (similar to 10-40 eV) plasmas than emission spectra (similar to 350-500 eV). (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729499] C1 [Osborne, G. C.; Kantsyrev, V. L.; Safronova, A. S.; Esaulov, A. A.; Weller, M. E.; Shrestha, I.; Shlyaptseva, V. V.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Ouart, N. D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Osborne, GC (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E103 DI 10.1063/1.4729499 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900111 PM 23126925 ER PT J AU Patterson, JR Emig, JA Fournier, KB Jenkins, PP Trautz, KM Seiler, SW Davis, JF AF Patterson, J. R. Emig, J. A. Fournier, K. B. Jenkins, P. P. Trautz, K. M. Seiler, S. W. Davis, J. F. TI A Langmuir probe diagnostic for time-of-flight measurements of transient plasmas produced by high-energy laser ablation SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB We discuss here the development of a Langmuir probe (LP) diagnostic to examine high-density, high-temperature inhomogeneous plasmas such as those that can be created at the University of Rochester's Laboratory for Laser Energetics OMEGA facility. We have configured our diagnostic to examine the velocity of the plasma expanding from the target. We observe velocities of approximately 16-17 cm/mu s, with individual LP currents displaying complex structures, perhaps due to the multiple atomic species and ionization states that exist. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4739312] C1 [Patterson, J. R.; Emig, J. A.; Fournier, K. B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Jenkins, P. P.; Trautz, K. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Seiler, S. W.; Davis, J. F.] Alme & Associates, Alexandria, VA 22307 USA. RP Patterson, JR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM patterson31@llnl.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D725 DI 10.1063/1.4739312 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900081 PM 23126899 ER PT J AU Pereira, NR Weber, BV Phipps, D Schumer, JW Seely, JF Carroll, JJ VanHoy, JR Slabkowska, K Polasik, M AF Pereira, N. R. Weber, B. V. Phipps, D. Schumer, J. W. Seely, J. F. Carroll, J. J. VanHoy, J. R. Slabkowska, K. Polasik, M. TI similar or equal to 10 eV ionization shift in Ir K alpha(2) from a near-coincident Lu K-edge SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID X-RAY-SPECTRA; IONIZED HEAVY-ATOMS; DIRAC-FOCK METHOD; LINES; BEAM; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTROMETER; MOLYBDENUM AB Close to an x-ray filter's K-edge the transmission depends strongly on the photon energy. For a few atom pairs, the K-edge of one is only a few tens of eV higher than a K-line energy of another, so that a small change in the line's energy becomes a measurable change in intensity behind such a matching filter. Lutetium's K-edge is similar or equal to 27 eV above iridium's K alpha(2) line, similar or equal to 63.287 keV for cold Ir. A Lu filter reduces this line's intensity by similar or equal to 10 % when it is emitted by a plasma, indicating an ionization shift Delta epsilon similar or equal to 10 +/- 1 eV. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4731739] C1 [Pereira, N. R.] Ecopulse Inc, Springfield, VA 22150 USA. [Weber, B. V.; Phipps, D.; Schumer, J. W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Seely, J. F.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Carroll, J. J.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20873 USA. [VanHoy, J. R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Slabkowska, K.; Polasik, M.] Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Fac Chem, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. RP Pereira, NR (reprint author), Ecopulse Inc, POB 528, Springfield, VA 22150 USA. EM ninorpereira@gmail.com RI Schumer, Joseph/D-7591-2013; Slabkowska, katarzyna/O-8760-2015 NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E110 DI 10.1063/1.4731739 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900118 PM 23126932 ER PT J AU Seely, J Feldman, U Brown, C Pereira, N Hudson, L Glover, J Silver, E AF Seely, John Feldman, Uri Brown, Charles Pereira, Nino Hudson, Lawrence Glover, Jack Silver, Eric TI Transmission crystal x-ray spectrometer covering the 6 keV-18 keV energy range with E/Delta E=1800 instrumental resolving power SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB A high-resolution x-ray spectrometer utilizing a thin quartz transmission crystal and covering the 6 keV-18 keV energy range has been developed and tested. The spectrometer consists of a cylindrically bent crystal in a vacuum housing. The crystal position and the range of Bragg angles that are incident on the crystal can be adjusted to record an approximate to 4 keV wide spectrum in the 6 keV-18 keV range. The spectrometer is of the Cauchois type and has a compact linear geometry that is convenient for deployment at laser-produced plasma, EBIT, and other x-ray sources. Test spectra of the W L and Mo K lines from laboratory sources have linewidths as small as 11 eV, approaching the natural widths, and instrumental resolving power as high as 1800. Techniques for enhancing the energy resolution are experimentally demonstrated. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732184] C1 [Seely, John; Feldman, Uri] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Brown, Charles] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Pereira, Nino] Ecopulse Inc, Springfield, VA 22150 USA. [Hudson, Lawrence; Glover, Jack] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Silver, Eric] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Seely, J (reprint author), Artep Inc, 2922 Excelsior Springs Court, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. EM seelyjf@gmail.com NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E112 DI 10.1063/1.4732184 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900120 PM 23126934 ER PT J AU Pecora, LM Lee, H Wu, DH AF Pecora, Louis M. Lee, Hoshik Wu, Dong-Ho TI REGULARIZATION OF TUNNELING RATES WITH QUANTUM CHAOS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIFURCATION AND CHAOS LA English DT Article DE Quantum; chaos; tunneling; billiards ID POINCARE SECTIONS; ELEMENT AB We study tunneling in various shaped, closed, two-dimensional, flat-potential, double wells by calculating the energy splitting between symmetric and antisymmetric state pairs. For shapes that have regular or nearly regular classical behavior (e. g. rectangular or circular) the tunneling rates vary greatly over wide ranges often by several orders of magnitude. However, for well shapes that admit more classically chaotic behavior (e. g. the stadium, the Sinai billiard) the range of tunneling rates narrows, often by orders of magnitude. This dramatic narrowing appears to come from destabilization of periodic orbits in the regular wells that produce the largest and smallest tunneling rates and causes the splitting versus energy relation to take on a possibly universal shape. It is in this sense that we say the quantum chaos regularizes the tunneling rates. C1 [Pecora, Louis M.; Wu, Dong-Ho] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lee, Hoshik] Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA. RP Pecora, LM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM pecora@anvil.nrl.navy.mil; hoshik.lee@wm.edu; dhwu@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-1274 J9 INT J BIFURCAT CHAOS JI Int. J. Bifurcation Chaos PD OCT PY 2012 VL 22 IS 10 AR 1250247 DI 10.1142/S0218127412502471 PG 6 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Mathematics; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 034NX UT WOS:000310881300019 ER PT J AU Liu, ZQ Yang, TC AF Liu, Zhiqiang Yang, T. C. TI On the Design of Cyclic Prefix Length for Time-Reversed OFDM SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE OFDM; time reversal; channel shortening; transceiver design; fading countermeasures ID UNDERWATER ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATIONS; PASSIVE-PHASE CONJUGATION; COMMUNICATION; SYSTEMS AB Time-reversed orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (TR-OFDM) has recently received attention as a promising scheme for supporting single-input multiple-output communications over time-dispersive fading channels with high bandwidth efficiency. In TR-OFDM, the use of passive time reversal processing offers a simple means of reducing channel time dispersion. Consequently, a cyclic prefix (CP) with a length shorter than the channel order can be used without inducing much inter-block interference (IBI). This paper tackles a technical challenge critical to the success of TR-OFDM, that is, how to minimize the CP length while satisfying certain performance requirements. Based on a data model derived for TR-OFDM, a quantitative relationship between the CP length and error performance is first established and a design procedure is then proposed. Our design reveals that the optimal CP length depends on the power delay profiles of underlying channels. Our design also leads to new insight in the time reversal operation and helps identify channel situations where TR-OFDM might not work effectively. The merits of our design are confirmed by both theoretical analysis and numerical simulations. C1 [Liu, Zhiqiang; Yang, T. C.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Liu, ZQ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM tsihyang@gmail.com FU ONR FX Part of this work was presented at the MILCOM conference, Orlando, Florida, November 2012. This work is supported by ONR. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1536-1276 J9 IEEE T WIREL COMMUN JI IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 11 IS 10 BP 3723 EP 3733 DI 10.1109/TWC.2012.081612.120172 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 027GO UT WOS:000310340400031 ER PT J AU Fortman, SM McMillan, JP Neese, CF Randall, SK Remijan, AJ Wilson, TL De Lucia, FC AF Fortman, Sarah M. McMillan, James P. Neese, Christopher F. Randall, Suzanna K. Remijan, Anthony J. Wilson, T. L. De Lucia, Frank C. TI An analysis of a preliminary ALMA Orion KL spectrum via the use of complete experimental spectra from the laboratory SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Millimeter; Submillimeter; Rotational; Astrophysics; ALMA ID ETHYL CYANIDE CH3CH2CN; MOLECULAR LINE SURVEY; MILLIMETER; GHZ; SUBMILLIMETER; SPECTROSCOPY; REGION AB Preliminary Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) science verification data for a single pixel centered on the hot core of Orion KL (R. A. = 05 h 35 m 14.35 s, Dec = -05 degrees 22'35 '' (J2000)) are available as this special issue on broadband spectroscopy is coming to press. As part of this verification process it is useful to compare simulations based on laboratory spectroscopy with ALMA results. This provides not only a test of instrumentation and analysis, but also a test of astrophysical assumptions such as local thermodynamic equilibrium (LIE) and the temperature variations within telescope beams. However, these tests are spectroscopically limited because it is well known that astrophysical spectra contain large numbers of unknown lines, many of which are presumably due to unanalyzed rotational spectra in excited vibrational states of a relatively few molecules. To address this issue we have previously discussed the use of broadband complete experimental spectra (CES) that is obtained from the analysis of several hundred intensity calibrated spectra taken over a range of temperatures. In this paper we will compare these CES with the similarly complete astrophysical spectra. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Fortman, Sarah M.; McMillan, James P.; Neese, Christopher F.; De Lucia, Frank C.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Randall, Suzanna K.] European Space Agcy, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Remijan, Anthony J.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Wilson, T. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP De Lucia, FC (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 191 W Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM fcd@mps.ohio-state.edu RI Neese, Christopher/B-5550-2013 OI Neese, Christopher/0000-0002-6014-5004 FU National Science Foundation; NASA [NNX09AP10H] FX We would like to thank the National Science Foundation and NASA for their support of this work. This work was also supported by NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program - Grant NNX09AP10H. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2011.0.99001.CSV. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ.ADS/JAO. NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2852 J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 280 SI SI BP 11 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.jms.2012.08.002 PG 10 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 031OW UT WOS:000310652800003 ER PT J AU Lunsford, R Gillis, D Grun, J Bowles, J Kunapareddy, P Manka, C Nikitin, S AF Lunsford, Robert Gillis, David Grun, Jacob Bowles, Jeff Kunapareddy, Pratima Manka, Charles Nikitin, Sergei TI Automated identification of components in a chemical mixture utilizing multi-wavelength resonant-Raman spectroscopy and a Pearson correlation algorithm SO JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE resonant Raman; multiple wavelength Raman; mixture identification; Pearson correlation coefficient; SWOrRD ID CROSS-SECTIONS; EXPLOSIVES AB In complex environments, the ability to identify the constituent chemicals within a mixture is extremely important. By utilizing a Pearson correlation algorithm to compare sets of multi-wavelength resonance-Raman signatures, we demonstrate the automated identification of chemicals within a mixture. Applying a linear mixture model, we are also able to estimate the fractional volumetric abundances contained therein. The multi-wavelength resonance-Raman signature used for identification is obtained by illuminating the unknown mixture with a series of 21 sequential laser wavelengths. This signature is then compared with the signatures of a set of known chemicals. By maximizing the Pearson correlation coefficient between the signature of the mixture and a weighted superposition of the signatures of the pure chemicals, we are able to determine the mixture components with 100% accuracy. The linear superposition of the selected chemicals, which minimizes the least squares distance between the signatures of the mixture, and its mathematical recreation determines the corresponding fraction, by volume, of each chemical within the mixture. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Lunsford, Robert; Grun, Jacob] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gillis, David; Bowles, Jeff] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kunapareddy, Pratima; Manka, Charles; Nikitin, Sergei] Res Support Instruments, Lanham, MD USA. RP Lunsford, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM robert.lunsford@nrl.navy.mil FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) FX This work was funded and supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA). DTRA was founded in 1998 to integrate and focus the capabilities of the Department of Defense that address the weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) threat. The mission of the DTRA is to safeguard America and its allies from WMD threat (e. g., chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high yield explosives) by providing capabilities to reduce, to eliminate, and to counter the threat and mitigate its effects. Under DTRA, Department of Defense resources, expertise, and capabilities are combined to ensure that the USA remains ready and able to address the present and future WMD threats. For more information on DTRA, visit http://www.dtra.mil/. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0377-0486 J9 J RAMAN SPECTROSC JI J. Raman Spectrosc. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 43 IS 10 BP 1472 EP 1476 DI 10.1002/jrs.4073 PG 5 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 026CF UT WOS:000310248400019 ER PT J AU Aglitskiy, Y Karasik, M Velikovich, AL Serlin, V Weaver, JL Kessler, TJ Nikitin, SP Schmitt, AJ Obenschain, SP Metzler, N Oh, J AF Aglitskiy, Y. Karasik, M. Velikovich, A. L. Serlin, V. Weaver, J. L. Kessler, T. J. Nikitin, S. P. Schmitt, A. J. Obenschain, S. P. Metzler, N. Oh, J. TI Observed transition from Richtmyer-Meshkov jet formation through feedout oscillations to Rayleigh-Taylor instability in a laser target SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID GROWTH AB Experimental study of hydrodynamic perturbation evolution triggered by a laser-driven shock wave breakout at the free rippled rear surface of a plastic target is reported. At sub-megabar shock pressure, planar jets manifesting the development of the Richtmyer-Meshkov-type instability in a non-accelerated target are observed. As the shock pressure exceeds 1 Mbar, an oscillatory rippled expansion wave is observed, followed by the "feedout" of the rear-surface perturbations to the ablation front and the development of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability, which breaks up the accelerated target. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4764287] C1 [Aglitskiy, Y.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22150 USA. [Karasik, M.; Velikovich, A. L.; Serlin, V.; Weaver, J. L.; Kessler, T. J.; Schmitt, A. J.; Obenschain, S. P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nikitin, S. P.; Metzler, N.; Oh, J.] Res Support Instruments, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Metzler, N.] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. RP Aglitskiy, Y (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22150 USA. FU U. S. Department of Energy, Defense Programs FX The authors acknowledge the excellent technical support of the Nike Laser Crew. This work was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Defense Programs. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 10 AR 102707 DI 10.1063/1.4764287 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 030VE UT WOS:000310597400044 ER PT J AU Mithaiwala, M Rudakov, L Crabtree, C Ganguli, G AF Mithaiwala, Manish Rudakov, Leonid Crabtree, Chris Ganguli, Gurudas TI Co-existence of whistler waves with kinetic Alfven wave turbulence for the high-beta solar wind plasma SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID CASCADE AB It is shown that the dispersion relation for whistler waves is identical for a high or low beta plasma. Furthermore, in the high-beta solar wind plasma, whistler waves meet the Landau resonance with electrons for velocities less than the thermal speed, and consequently, the electric force is small compared to the mirror force. As whistlers propagate through the inhomogeneous solar wind, the perpendicular wave number increases through refraction, increasing the Landau damping rate. However, the whistlers can survive because the background kinetic Alfven wave (KAW) turbulence creates a plateau by quasilinear (QL) diffusion in the solar wind electron distribution at small velocities. It is found that for whistler energy density of only similar to 10(-3) that of the kinetic Alfven waves, the quasilinear diffusion rate due to whistlers is comparable to KAW. Thus, very small amplitude whistler turbulence can have a significant consequence on the evolution of the solar wind electron distribution function. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757638] C1 [Mithaiwala, Manish; Crabtree, Chris; Ganguli, Gurudas] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rudakov, Leonid] Icarus Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20824 USA. RP Mithaiwala, M (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Crabtree, Christopher/0000-0002-6682-9992 FU Naval Research Laboratory; NSF at UCSD [AGS-1004270] FX This work was supported by Naval Research Laboratory base funds. One of the authors (L. Rudakov) acknowledges support from NSF Grant No. AGS-1004270 at UCSD. NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 10 AR 102902 DI 10.1063/1.4757638 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 030VE UT WOS:000310597400048 ER PT J AU Pereira, NR Weber, BV Phipps, DG Schumer, JW Seely, JF Carroll, JJ Vanhoy, JR Slabkowska, K Polasik, M AF Pereira, N. R. Weber, B. V. Phipps, D. G. Schumer, J. W. Seely, J. F. Carroll, J. J. Vanhoy, J. R. Slabkowska, K. Polasik, M. TI Near-coincident K-line and K-edge energies as ionization diagnostics for some high atomic number plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SPECTRA; IONIZED HEAVY-ATOMS; DIRAC-FOCK METHOD; ROD-PINCH DIODE; HIGH-RESOLUTION; SPECTROSCOPY; BEAM; SPECTROMETER; MOLYBDENUM AB For some high atomic number atoms, the energy of the K-edge is tens of eVs higher than the K-line energy of another atom, so that a few eV increase in the line's energy results in a decreasing transmission of the x-ray through a filter of the matching material. The transmission of cold iridium's similar or equal to 63: 287 keV K alpha(2) line through a lutetium filter is 7% lower when emitted by ionized iridium, consistent with an energy increase of Delta epsilon similar or equal to 10 +/- 1 eV associated with the ionization. Likewise, the transmission of the K beta(1) line of ytterbium through a near-coincident K-edge filter changes depending on plasma parameters that should affect the ionization. Systematic exploration of filter-line pairs like these could become a unique tool for diagnostics of suitable high energy density plasmas. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4759497] C1 [Pereira, N. R.] Ecopulse Inc, Springfield, VA 22150 USA. [Weber, B. V.; Phipps, D. G.; Schumer, J. W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Seely, J. F.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Carroll, J. J.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20873 USA. [Vanhoy, J. R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Slabkowska, K.; Polasik, M.] Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Fac Chem, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. RP Pereira, NR (reprint author), Ecopulse Inc, POB 528, Springfield, VA 22150 USA. EM ninorpereira-@-gmail.com RI Schumer, Joseph/D-7591-2013; Slabkowska, katarzyna/O-8760-2015 FU DTRA through ARL [W911QX09D0016]; DTRA's Basic Research Sciences [MIPR 08-2468, MIPR 09-2156]; NRL; Polish National Science Centre [2011/01/D/ST2/01286] FX Particular thanks are due to Professor W. Johnson who performed the atomic physics computation included here. We also thank Mr. J. Glover (NIST) for his timely information on K-edge measurements with synchrotrons, Dr. V. Jacobs for comments on the ionization shift of iron, and an anonymous referee for many comments that helped to improve the paper. This work was supported by DTRA through ARL Contract No. W911QX09D0016 to Ecopulse, DTRA's Basic Research Sciences MIPR 08-2468, and MIPR 09-2156 with NRL, and the Polish National Science Centre under Grant No. 2011/01/D/ST2/01286. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 10 AR 102705 DI 10.1063/1.4759497 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 030VE UT WOS:000310597400042 ER PT J AU Hicks, BC Paravastu-Dalal, N Stewart, KP Erickson, WC Ray, PS Kassim, NE Burns, S Clarke, T Schmitt, H Craig, J Hartman, J Weiler, KW AF Hicks, Brian C. Paravastu-Dalal, Nagini Stewart, Kenneth P. Erickson, William C. Ray, Paul S. Kassim, Namir E. Burns, Steve Clarke, Tracy Schmitt, Henrique Craig, Joe Hartman, Jake Weiler, Kurt W. TI A Wide-Band, Active Antenna System for Long Wavelength Radio Astronomy SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article ID LARGE ARRAY; 6C SURVEY; 74 MHZ; TELESCOPE; LOFAR; SKY AB We describe an "active" antenna system for HF/VHF (long wavelength) radio astronomy that has been successfully deployed 256-fold as the first station (LWA1) of the planned Long Wavelength Array. The antenna system, consisting of crossed dipoles, an active balun/preamp, a support structure, and a ground screen has been shown to successfully operate over at least the band from 20 MHz (15 m wavelength) to 80 MHz (3.75 m wavelength) with a noise figure that is at least 6 dB better than the Galactic background emission-noise temperature over that band. Thus, we met the goal to design and construct a compact, inexpensive, rugged, and easily assembled antenna system that can be deployed many-fold to form numerous large individual "stations" for the purpose of building a large, long wavelength synthesis array telescope for radio astronomical and ionospheric observations. C1 [Hicks, Brian C.; Stewart, Kenneth P.; Ray, Paul S.; Kassim, Namir E.; Clarke, Tracy; Schmitt, Henrique] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Paravastu-Dalal, Nagini] Northrop Grumman Aerosp Syst, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA. [Erickson, William C.] Univ Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Tas 7005, Australia. [Craig, Joe] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Hartman, Jake] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Weiler, Kurt W.] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. RP Hicks, BC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7213, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Nagini.Dalal@ngc.com; Kenneth.Stewart@nrl.navy.mil; bill.erickson@utas.edu; Paul.Ray@nrl.navy.mil; info@burnsindustriesinc.com; Henrique.Schmitt@nrl.navy.mil; joecraig@unm.edu; Jacob.M.Hartman@jpl.nasa.gov; Kurt.Weiler@weilerhome.org OI Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 NR 66 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6280 EI 1538-3873 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 124 IS 920 BP 1090 EP 1104 DI 10.1086/668121 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 030MJ UT WOS:000310574500007 ER PT J AU Lebouteiller, V Sloan, GC Groenewegen, MAT Matsuura, M Riebel, D Whelan, DG Bernard-Salas, J Massey, P Bayet, E AF Lebouteiller, V. Sloan, G. C. Groenewegen, M. A. T. Matsuura, M. Riebel, D. Whelan, D. G. Bernard-Salas, J. Massey, P. Bayet, E. TI Oxygen-rich dust production in IC 10 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: AGB and post-AGB; stars: atmospheres; circumstellar matter; stars: mass-loss; galaxies: individual: IC 10; supergiants ID LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; GIANT BRANCH STARS; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; IRREGULAR GALAXY IC-10; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; BLUE COMPACT DWARF; WOLF-RAYET STARS; LOCAL GROUP; LOW-METALLICITY AB Context. We report the detection of oxygen-rich circumstellar envelopes in stars of the nearby (700 kpc) starburst galaxy IC 10. The star-formation history and the chemical environment of this galaxy make it an ideal target to observe dust production by massive stars in a metal-poor environment. Aims. The goal of this study is to identify oxygen-rich stars in IC 10 and to constrain their nature between asymptotic giant branch stars (AGBs), red supergiants (RSGs), and other bright infrared sources. We examine the mass-loss rates of the stars and compare to results obtained for the Magellanic Clouds. Our objectives are to (1) assess whether RSGs can be significant dust producers in IC 10, and (2), solve the discrepancy between the star-formation history of IC 10 and the relatively low number of RSGs detected in the optical. Methods. We search for silicate dust in emission by using the spectral map observed with the Infrared Spectrograph on board the Spitzer Space Telescope. The optical (UBVRI) and infrared (JHK, Spitzer/IRAC and Spitzer/MIPS) photometry are used to assert the membership of the stars to IC 10 and distinguish between AGBs and RSGs. Radiative models are used to infer mass-loss rates and stellar luminosities. Results. The luminosity and colors of at least 9 silicate emission sources are consistent with stars within IC 10. Furthermore, the photometry of 2 of these sources is consistent with RSGs. We derive dust mass-loss rates similar to the values found in the Magellanic Clouds. Accounting for the sample completeness, RSGs are not important contributors to the dust mass budget in IC 10. C1 [Lebouteiller, V.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, DAPNIA,CEASaclay,Lab AIM,CEA,DSM CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Sloan, G. C.] Cornell Univ, Ctr Radiophys & Space Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Groenewegen, M. A. T.] Koninklijke Sterrenwacht Belgie, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium. [Matsuura, M.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Astrophys Grp, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Riebel, D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Riebel, D.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Whelan, D. G.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Bernard-Salas, J.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Massey, P.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Bayet, E.] Univ Oxford, Sub Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. RP Lebouteiller, V (reprint author), Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, DAPNIA,CEASaclay,Lab AIM,CEA,DSM CNRS, Bat 709, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM vianney.lebouteiller@cea.fr OI Lebouteiller, Vianney/0000-0002-7716-6223 FU Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Program [272820]; National Science Foundation [AST-1008020] FX We thank the anonymous referee for a helpful report. This work is based on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. This study made use of the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS; Skrutskie et al. 2006). J. B. S. wishes to acknowledge the support from a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Program under project number 272820. P.M.'s contributions to this project were supported by the National Science Foundation under grant AST-1008020. NR 74 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 546 AR A94 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201220087 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 027JT UT WOS:000310349100094 ER PT J AU Crocker, SE Miller, JH Potty, GR Osler, JC Hines, PC AF Crocker, Steven E. Miller, James H. Potty, Gopu R. Osler, John C. Hines, Paul C. TI Nonlinear Inversion of Acoustic Scalar and Vector Field Transfer Functions SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Acoustic vector sensor; geoacoustic inversion; optimization methods; seismoacoustics; underwater acoustic propagation ID POSTERIORI PROBABILITY-DISTRIBUTIONS; GEOACOUSTIC INVERSION; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; SENSOR; VELOCITY; ALGORITHMS AB A study to investigate the use of the acoustic vector field, separately or in combination with the scalar field, to invert for geoacoustic properties of the seafloor was conducted. The analysis was performed in the context of the 2004 Sediment Acoustics Experiment (SAX04) conducted in the Northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM) where a small number of acoustic vector sensors were deployed in close proximity to the seafloor. The acoustic vector sensors were located both above and beneath the seafloor interface where they measured the acoustic pressure and the acoustic particle acceleration. A variety of acoustic waveforms were transmitted into the seafloor at normal incidence. Motion data provided by the buried vector sensors were affected by a suspension response that was sensitive to the mass properties of the sensor, the sediment density, and shear wave speed. The suspension response for the buried vector sensors included a resonance within the analysis band of 0.4-2.0 kHz. The response was sufficiently sensitive to the local geoacoustic properties, that it was integrated into the inverse methods developed for this study. Inversions of real and synthetic data sets showed that information about sediment shear wave speed was carried by the suspension response of the buried sensors, as opposed to being contained inherently within the vector acoustic field. C1 [Crocker, Steven E.] USN, Sensors & Sonar Syst Dept, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Miller, James H.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Ocean Engn, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Miller, James H.; Osler, John C.] NATO Undersea Res Ctr, I-19126 La Spezia, Italy. [Hines, Paul C.] Def Res & Dev Canada Atlantic DRDC Atlantic, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 3Z7, Canada. RP Crocker, SE (reprint author), USN, Sensors & Sonar Syst Dept, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM steven.crocker@navy.mil OI Miller, James H./0000-0001-7156-3589 FU Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division In-House Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) program; U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N000141010WX20956, N000140310883]; Defence Research and Development Canada-Atlantic (DRDC Atlantic) [30ak01] FX This work was supported by the Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division In-House Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) program, by the U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) under Grants N000141010WX20956 and N000140310883, and by the Defence Research and Development Canada-Atlantic (DRDC Atlantic) under Grant 30ak01. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 37 IS 4 BP 589 EP 606 DI 10.1109/JOE.2012.2206852 PG 18 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 024ZN UT WOS:000310151600003 ER PT J AU Wang, ZH Zhou, SL Catipovic, J Huang, J AF Wang, Zhaohui Zhou, Shengli Catipovic, Josko Huang, Jie TI Factor-Graph-Based Joint IBI/ICI Mitigation for OFDM in Underwater Acoustic Multipath Channels With Long-Separated Clusters SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Deep-water horizontal channels; factor graph; interblock interference (IBI); intercarrier interference (ICI); multipath clusters; orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM); sparse channel estimation; underwater broadcasting networks ID INTERFERENCE MITIGATION; WIRELESS NETWORKS; COMMUNICATION; EQUALIZATION AB In this paper, we investigate the multicarrier transmission in one particular type of underwater acoustic channels, which have extremely long delay spreads (e. g., around 1 s) but clustered multipath arrivals (e. g., two clusters). These channels show up in certain practical scenarios, such as in the deep-water horizontal transmissions and in the underwater broadcasting networks, and introduce both interblock interference and intercarrier interference (IBI/ICI) in the received signal. For joint IBI and ICI mitigation, we propose a factor-graph-based equalization method, in which estimation of information symbols is performed via messages passing over a well-designed graph. We also present a sparse channel estimator by treating the two clusters of the long channel as two virtual quasi-synchronous channels. Both channel estimation and equalization are integrated into a progressive receiver framework. Simulation and experimental results are provided to validate the receiver performance in both deep-water horizontal channels and underwater broadcasting networks. C1 [Wang, Zhaohui; Zhou, Shengli; Huang, Jie] Univ Connecticut, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Catipovic, Josko] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Wang, ZH (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM zhwang@engr.uconn.edu; shengli@engr.uconn.edu; josko.catipovic@navy.mil; jie.huang.thyme@gmail.com RI Hao, Qiang/J-5930-2012 FU U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-09-1-0704] FX The work of Z. Wang and S. Zhou was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) under Grant N00014-09-1-0704 (PECASE). This work was presented in part at the IEEE/MTS OCEANS Conference, Seattle, WA, September 20-23, 2010 and the International Workshop on Underwater Networks, Woods Hole, MA, September 30-October 1, 2010. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 37 IS 4 BP 680 EP 694 DI 10.1109/JOE.2012.2205639 PG 15 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 024ZN UT WOS:000310151600010 ER PT J AU Donovan, KA Sklenicka, J AF Donovan, Kellye A. Sklenicka, Julie TI Is a standard vancomycin dosing protocol appropriate to achieve therapeutic trough levels in adult neutropenic patients? SO PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Clinical-Pharmacy (ACCP) CY OCT 21-24, 2012 CL Hollywood, FL SP Amer Coll Clin Pharm (ACCP) C1 [Donovan, Kellye A.; Sklenicka, Julie] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0277-0008 J9 PHARMACOTHERAPY JI Pharmacotherapy PD OCT PY 2012 VL 32 IS 10 BP E237 EP E238 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 015NH UT WOS:000309452700206 ER PT J AU Smith, RK Montgomery, MT AF Smith, Roger K. Montgomery, Michael T. TI Observations of the convective environment in developing and non-developing tropical disturbances SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE tropical cyclogenesis; hurricane formation; hurricane spin-up; cyclone intensification; PREDICT; GRIP; IFEX ID HOT TOWERS; CYCLOGENESIS; GENESIS; LAYER; SIMULATION; VORTICITY AB Analyses of thermodynamic data gathered from airborne dropwindsondes released from the upper troposphere during the Pre-Depression Investigation of Cloud Systems in the Tropics (PREDICT) experiment are presented. We focus on two systems that finally became hurricanes Karl and Matthew, and one system (Gaston) that attained tropical storm status, but subsequently weakened and never redeveloped during five days of monitoring. Data for all events show that the largest values of total precipitable water are collocated with the surface trough and with values of convective available potential energy that seem high enough to support convective organization. These values coincide mostly with low values of convective inhibition. Vertical profiles of virtual potential temperature show little variability between soundings on a particular day, but the system means from day to day show a slight warming. In contrast, vertical profiles of pseudo-equivalent potential temperature, ?e, show much more variability between soundings on a particular day on account of the variability in moisture. In all systems, there was is a tendency for the lower troposphere to moisten, but in the non-developing system, the troposphere became progressively drier in the height range between approximately 2 and 9 km during the five days of observations. In the developing systems, the troposphere moistened. The most prominent difference between the non-developing system and the two developing systems was the much larger reduction of ?e between the surface and a height of 3 km, typically 25 K in the non-developing system, compared with only 17 K in the developing systems. Conventional wisdom would suggest that, for this reason, the convective downdraughts would be stronger in the non-developing system and would thereby act to suppress the development. Here we propose an alternative hypothesis in which the drier air weakens the convective updraughts and thereby the convective amplification of absolute vorticity necessary for development. Copyright (c) 2012 Royal Meteorological Society C1 [Smith, Roger K.] Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, D-80333 Munich, Germany. [Montgomery, Michael T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Montgomery, Michael T.] NOAA, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL USA. RP Smith, RK (reprint author), Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, Theresienstr 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany. EM roger.smith@lmu.de FU US National Science Foundation; NOAA's Hurricane Research Division; NASA [NNH09AK561, NNG11PK021, NNG09HG031]; German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) [SM30/25-1]; [NSF AGS-0733380]; [NSF AGS-0851077] FX We are grateful to Mark Boothe for providing the consensus pouch tracks, assistance with some of the code checking and for his assistance with finalizing the two figures depicting the GV flight tracks, dropsondes and infrared satellite imagery for the pre-Karl disturbance. We thank also Ed. Zipser and an anonymous reviewer for their perceptive comments on the original manuscript; and Gerald Thomsen and Gerard Kilroy for their comments on a near-final version of the revised version. We acknowledge the US National Science Foundation for their support of the PREDICT experiment. MTM acknowledges the support of NSF AGS-0733380 and NSF AGS-0851077, NOAA's Hurricane Research Division and NASA grants NNH09AK561, NNG11PK021 and NNG09HG031. RKS acknowledges financial support for tropical-cyclone research from the German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) from grant number SM30/25-1. NR 43 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-9009 EI 1477-870X J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 138 IS 668 BP 1721 EP 1739 DI 10.1002/qj.1910 PN A PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 027XL UT WOS:000310387300004 ER PT J AU Yaremchuk, M Sentchev, A AF Yaremchuk, Max Sentchev, Alexei TI Multi-scale correlation functions associated with polynomials of the diffusion operator SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE variational data assimilation; correlation modelling ID VARIATIONAL ANALYSIS; DATA ASSIMILATION; COVARIANCES; FIELDS; OCEAN AB Correlation functions associated with the inverse covariances represented by polynomials of the homogeneous diffusion operator D are obtained analytically for an arbitrary polynomial of D, constrained by the positive-definiteness condition of the covariance operator. Copyright (c) 2012 Royal Meteorological Society C1 [Yaremchuk, Max] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Sentchev, Alexei] Lab Oceanol & Geosci, Wimereux, France. RP Yaremchuk, M (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Bldg 1009, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM max.yaremchuk@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [0602435N] FX This study was supported by the Office of Naval Research (Program element 0602435N). NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-9009 J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 138 IS 668 BP 1948 EP 1953 DI 10.1002/qj.1896 PN A PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 027XL UT WOS:000310387300022 ER PT J AU Knutson, EM AF Knutson, Elizabeth M. TI The Beauty of Chunks: Clefting and Dislocation in French Conversation SO FRENCH REVIEW LA English DT Article ID SPOKEN FRENCH C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Knutson, EM (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC TEACHERS FRENCH PI CARBONDALE PA MAILCODE 4510, SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV, CARBONDALE, IL 62901-4510 USA SN 0016-111X J9 FR REV JI Fr. Rev. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 86 IS 1 BP 94 EP 105 PG 12 WC Literature, Romance SC Literature GA 024GU UT WOS:000310098500006 ER PT J AU Phillips, DJ Blaine, KE Cirignano, LJ Ciampi, G Haegel, NM AF Phillips, David J. Blaine, Kevin E. Cirignano, Leonard J. Ciampi, Guido Haegel, Nancy M. TI Cathodoluminescence and Spatial Variation in Mobility-Lifetime (mu tau) Product in Bulk Doped Thallium Bromide SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Ambipolar diffusion; cathodoluminescence; mobility-lifetime product; thallium bromide; transport imaging ID RADIATION DETECTORS; CRYSTALS; TLBR; PERFORMANCE AB Nonuniformity in charge transport properties is a limiting factor in energy resolution of radiation detectors. In this paper, we investigate variations in the low temperature ambipolar diffusion length and the mobility-lifetime (mu tau) product in bulk doped TlBr using cathodoluminescence (CL) and transport imaging. One TlBr crystal was doped with sodium (Na), aluminum (Al), and silver (Ag). A second TlBr crystal was doped with copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn). We report the first low temperature high resolution CL spectroscopy and mapping in bulk doped TlBr, showing spatial variation in recombination luminescence on a scale of similar to 10 mu m. Transport imaging is applied to quantify these variations in TlBr at 5 K. Ambipolar diffusion lengths and mu tau products, dominated by the transport of holes, are mapped across a 40 mu m segment of TlBr at a resolution of 2 mu m. Ambipolar diffusion lengths are found to vary between 4.6 mu m and 11.2 mu m, on a spatial scale comparable to the variation observed in the CL map. C1 [Phillips, David J.; Haegel, Nancy M.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Blaine, Kevin E.] US Mil Acad, Dept Math, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Cirignano, Leonard J.; Ciampi, Guido] RMD Inc, Watertown, MA 02472 USA. RP Phillips, DJ (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM david.john.phillips@us.army.mil; kevin.blaine@usma.edu; lcirignano@rmdinc.com; gciampi@rmdinc.com; nmhaegel@nps.edu FU DNDO Academic Research Initiative Grant [NSF/ARI 083007] FX This work was supported by the DNDO Academic Research Initiative Grant NSF/ARI 083007. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 59 IS 5 BP 2608 EP 2613 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2212210 PN 3 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 024XD UT WOS:000310143400032 ER PT J AU Pinder, RJ Greenberg, N Boyko, EJ Gackstetter, GD Hooper, TI Murphy, D Ryan, MAK Smith, B Smith, TC Wells, TS Wessely, S AF Pinder, Richard J. Greenberg, Neil Boyko, Edward J. Gackstetter, Gary D. Hooper, Tomoko I. Murphy, Dominic Ryan, Margaret A. K. Smith, Besa Smith, Tyler C. Wells, Timothy S. Wessely, Simon TI Profile of two cohorts: UK and US prospective studies of military health SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID PERSIAN-GULF-WAR; MILLENNIUM COHORT; ANTHRAX VACCINATION; SMALLPOX VACCINATION; MEDICAL CONDITIONS; SERVICE MEMBERS; IRAQ WAR; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; VALIDATION C1 [Pinder, Richard J.; Greenberg, Neil; Murphy, Dominic; Wessely, Simon] Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat, Weston Educ Ctr, Kings Ctr Mil Hlth Res, London WC2R 2LS, England. [Pinder, Richard J.; Greenberg, Neil; Murphy, Dominic; Wessely, Simon] Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat, Weston Educ Ctr, Acad Ctr Def Mental Hlth, London WC2R 2LS, England. [Boyko, Edward J.] Dept Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. [Gackstetter, Gary D.] Analyt Serv Inc ANSER, Arlington, VA USA. [Hooper, Tomoko I.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Ryan, Margaret A. K.] Naval Hosp Camp Pendleton, Camp Pendleton, CA USA. [Smith, Besa; Smith, Tyler C.; Wells, Timothy S.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA USA. RP Greenberg, N (reprint author), Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat, Weston Educ Ctr, Kings Ctr Mil Hlth Res, Cutcombe Rd, London WC2R 2LS, England. EM sososanta@aol.com RI Wessely, Simon/A-8713-2008; OI Pinder, Richard/0000-0002-7010-6009 NR 47 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0300-5771 J9 INT J EPIDEMIOL JI Int. J. Epidemiol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 41 IS 5 BP 1272 EP 1282 DI 10.1093/ije/dyr096 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 021YU UT WOS:000309922700013 PM 21715528 ER PT J AU Ward, JA Thomas, L Jarvis, S DiMarzio, N Moretti, D Marques, TA Dunn, C Claridge, D Hartvig, E Tyack, P AF Ward, Jessica A. Thomas, Len Jarvis, Susan DiMarzio, Nancy Moretti, David Marques, Tiago A. Dunn, Charlotte Claridge, Diane Hartvig, Eva Tyack, Peter TI Passive acoustic density estimation of sperm whales in the Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE animal density; population size; sperm whale; Physeter macrocephalus; passive acoustic array ID PHYSETER-MACROCEPHALUS; LOCALIZATION; BEHAVIOR; SENSORS; CLICKS AB Long-term passive acoustic monitoring of marine mammals on navy ranges provides the opportunity to better understand the potential impact of sonar on populations. The navy range in Tongue of the Ocean (TOTO), Bahamas contains extensive hydrophone arrays, potentially allowing estimation of the density of deep diving, vocally active species such as the sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus). Previous visual surveys in TOTO have been of limited spatiotemporal coverage and resulted in only sporadic sightings of sperm whales, whereas passive acoustic observations suggest the species is present year round. However, until now the means of acoustically determining the specific number of individuals in each cluster has been limited. We used recently developed algorithms to identify the number of echolocating whales present during a 42 d study period. We screened a 297 h acoustic data set to determine the proportion of time animals were present; fifty 10 min samples during presence were analyzed to estimate the number of individuals vocalizing during each sample. These counts were combined with an independent estimate of the proportion of 10 min periods when tagged animals vocalize. The estimated average density was 0.16 whales/1,000 km2 (CV 27%; 95% CI 0.0950.264). The method is potentially applicable to other areas containing dense hydrophone arrays. C1 [Ward, Jessica A.; Jarvis, Susan; DiMarzio, Nancy; Moretti, David] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Thomas, Len; Marques, Tiago A.] Univ St Andrews, Ctr Res Ecol & Environm Modelling, St Andrews KY16 9LZ, Fife, Scotland. [Marques, Tiago A.] Univ Lisbon, Ctr Estat & Aplicacoes, P-1699 Lisbon, Portugal. [Dunn, Charlotte; Claridge, Diane] Bahamas Marine Mammal Res Org, Marsh Harbour, Abaco, Bahamas. [Dunn, Charlotte; Claridge, Diane; Hartvig, Eva] Univ St Andrews, Sea Mammal Res Unit, St Andrews KY16 8LB, Fife, Scotland. [Tyack, Peter] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Ward, JA (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM jessica.ward@navy.mil RI Tyack, Peter/D-6209-2013; Marques, Tiago/A-5530-2010; OI Tyack, Peter/0000-0002-8409-4790; Marques, Tiago/0000-0002-2581-1972; Thomas, Len/0000-0002-7436-067X FU Naval Operations Environmental Readiness Division, Office of Naval Research, NAVSEA PEO-IWS 5; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program; International Association of Oil and Gas Producers; U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service FX These data were collected during the 2007 BRS funded by the Chief of Naval Operations Environmental Readiness Division, Office of Naval Research, NAVSEA PEO-IWS 5, and the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program. We thank the entire field team that participated in the 2007 BRS. This work is part of the DECAF project, funded under the National Oceanographic Partnership Program jointly by the Joint Industry Program of the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers and the U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 35 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0824-0469 J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI JI Mar. Mamm. Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 28 IS 4 BP E444 EP E455 DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2011.00560.x PG 12 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA 017TB UT WOS:000309612800005 ER PT J AU Ray, RI Little, BJ AF Ray, Richard I. Little, Brenda J. TI Coating Performance in Duluth Superior Harbor-Part 2 SO MATERIALS PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article C1 [Ray, Richard I.; Little, Brenda J.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Ray, RI (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ASSOC CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0094-1492 J9 MATER PERFORMANCE JI Mater. Perform. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 51 IS 10 BP 32 EP 35 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 024IL UT WOS:000310102800012 ER PT J AU Olson, CC Nichols, JM Virgin, LN AF Olson, C. C. Nichols, J. M. Virgin, L. N. TI Parameter estimation for chaotic systems using a geometric approach: theory and experiment SO NONLINEAR DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE Parameter estimation; Chaotic dynamics; Maximum likelihood; Differential evolution; Evolutionary algorithms ID DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION; NONLINEAR MODELS; TIME-SERIES; IDENTIFICATION AB A method for estimating model parameters based on chaotic system response data is described. This estimation problem is made challenging by sensitive dependence to initial conditions. The standard maximum likelihood estimation method is practically infeasible due to the non-smooth nature of the likelihood function. We bypass the problem by introducing an alternative, smoother function that admits a better-defined maximum and show that the parameters that maximize this new function are asymptotically equivalent to maximum likelihood estimates. We use simulations to explore the influence of noise and available data on model Duffing and Lorenz oscillators. We then apply the approach to experimental data from a chaotic Duffing system. Our method does not require estimation of initial conditions and parameter estimates may be obtained even when system dynamics have been estimated from a delay embedding. C1 [Olson, C. C.] Sotera Def Solut Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. [Nichols, J. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Virgin, L. N.] Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Olson, CC (reprint author), Sotera Def Solut Inc, 2200 Def Highway,Suite 405, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. EM colin.olson.ctr@nrl.navy.mil NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-090X J9 NONLINEAR DYNAM JI Nonlinear Dyn. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 70 IS 1 BP 381 EP 391 DI 10.1007/s11071-012-0461-8 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 022FC UT WOS:000309940000031 ER PT J AU Mauffrey, C Bailey, JR Bowles, RJ Price, C Hasson, D Hak, DJ Stahel, PF AF Mauffrey, Cyril Bailey, James R. Bowles, Richard J. Price, Connie Hasson, Duke Hak, David J. Stahel, Philip F. TI Acute Management of Open Fractures: Proposal of a New Multidisciplinary Algorithm SO ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article ID OPEN EXTREMITY FRACTURES; OPEN TIBIAL FRACTURES; ANTIBIOTIC-THERAPY; INFECTION; WOUNDS; EFFICACY; CULTURES; BEADS AB Despite the frequency of open fractures, their management remains one of the greatest and most debated orthopedic challenges. The current challenges that health care faces financially and clinically offer an opportunity to develop a universal reliable, reproducible, evidence-based protocol. The authors review the current evidence concerning the acute management of open fractures and suggest a modern treatment algorithm. C1 [Mauffrey, Cyril; Price, Connie; Hasson, Duke; Hak, David J.; Stahel, Philip F.] Denver Hlth Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80204 USA. [Bailey, James R.] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Bowles, Richard J.] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Mauffrey, C (reprint author), Denver Hlth Med Ctr, 777 Bannock St, Denver, CO 80204 USA. EM cyril.mauffrey@dhha.org NR 25 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0147-7447 J9 ORTHOPEDICS JI Orthopedics PD OCT PY 2012 VL 35 IS 10 BP 877 EP 881 DI 10.3928/01477447-20120919-08 PG 5 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 020MN UT WOS:000309814600031 PM 23027477 ER PT J AU Johnson, WB Barnett, JE Elman, NS Forrest, L Kaslow, NJ AF Johnson, W. Brad Barnett, Jeffrey E. Elman, Nancy S. Forrest, Linda Kaslow, Nadine J. TI The Competent Community Toward a Vital Reformulation of Professional Ethics SO AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE ethics; competence; communitarian; self-assessment; care ID MULTICULTURAL COUNSELING COMPETENCES; NATIONAL-SURVEY; OWN INCOMPETENCE; SELF-CARE; SOCIAL DESIRABILITY; TRAINEE-IMPAIRMENT; PSYCHOLOGY; PRINCIPLES; DISTRESS; PEERS AB Psychologists are ethically obligated to ensure their own competence. When problems of professional competence occur, psychologists must take appropriate steps to regain competence while protecting those they serve. Yet conceptualizations of the competence obligation are thoroughly intertwined with Western ideals of individualism and a model of the person as self-contained, self-controlled, and perpetually rational. Research in health care, education, and multicultural and social psychology raise serious doubts about psychologists' capacity for consistently accurate self-assessments of competence. To address this problem, the authors advocate that education, training, professional ethics standards, and credentialing criteria be infused with a robust communitarian ethos and a culturally pervasive ethic of care. The authors propose a shift in discourse about competence to incorporate both competent individuals and competent communities. C1 [Johnson, W. Brad] USN Acad, Dept Leadership Eth & Law, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Barnett, Jeffrey E.] Loyola Univ Maryland, Dept Psychol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Elman, Nancy S.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Educ Psychol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Forrest, Linda] Univ Oregon, Dept Counseling Psychol & Human Serv, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Kaslow, Nadine J.] Emory Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Johnson, WB (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Leadership Eth & Law, Luce Hall,Stop 7B, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM johnsonb@usna.edu OI Barnett, Jeffrey/0000-0003-0664-4168 NR 109 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0003-066X EI 1935-990X J9 AM PSYCHOL JI Am. Psychol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 67 IS 7 BP 557 EP 569 DI 10.1037/a0027206 PG 13 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 020AW UT WOS:000309781900005 PM 22352741 ER PT J AU Gaspari, R Rajendraprasad, S Schofer, J AF Gaspari, R. Rajendraprasad, S. Schofer, J. TI Review of Emergency Ultrasonography Literature Published 2009-2011 SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Research Forum of the American-College-of-Emergency-Physicians (ACEP) CY OCT 08-09, 2012 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys (ACEP) C1 [Gaspari, R.] UMASS, Worcester, MA USA. USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. RI Gaspari, Romolo/I-4649-2014 OI Gaspari, Romolo/0000-0002-8411-0308 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 60 IS 4 SU S BP S144 EP S144 PG 1 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 018BX UT WOS:000309636100404 ER PT J AU Gregers-Hansen, V Mital, R AF Gregers-Hansen, Vilhelm Mital, Rashmi TI An Improved Empirical Model for Radar Sea Clutter Reflectivity SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB A fundamental characteristic of radar sea clutter, important for radar performance evaluations, is its apparent reflectivity defined as sigma degrees (m(2)/m(2)). "Apparent" is used as a reminder that any measurement of sea clutter reflectivity includes the effects of propagation and shadowing close to the sea surface. Sea clutter reflectivity depends on many factors, including sea state, wind velocity, grazing angle, polarization, and radar frequency. An empirical sea clutter model proposed by Horst, et al. (1978), the so-called GIT model, has found widespread acceptance in the radar community. However, this model does not always agree with what is the most complete experimental database of sea clutter reflectivity available to the radar systems engineer. The 1991 edition of F. E. Nathanson's book provides seven tables of measured sea clutter reflectivity data summarized from approximately 60 sources. The large deviation between the GIT model and this database, in particular at lower sea states, has prompted NRL to develop an improved model for sea clutter reflectivity based on these tables. The model is a function of radar frequency, polarization, sea state, and grazing angle. The functional form of this empirical model was chosen such that the average absolute deviation (in dB) between the model and the experimental data was minimized. C1 [Gregers-Hansen, Vilhelm; Mital, Rashmi] USN, Div Radar, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gregers-Hansen, V (reprint author), USN, Div Radar, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM vgh@ieee.org NR 23 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9251 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 48 IS 4 BP 3512 EP 3524 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 021DN UT WOS:000309865600044 ER PT J AU Mier-y-Teran-Romero, L Forgoston, E Schwartz, IB AF Mier-y-Teran-Romero, Luis Forgoston, Eric Schwartz, Ira B. TI Coherent Pattern Prediction in Swarms of Delay-Coupled Agents SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ROBOTICS LA English DT Article DE Autonomous agents; bifurcation; delay systems; nonlinear dynamical systems; pattern formation ID MOBILE SENSOR NETWORKS; TIME DELAYS; COOPERATIVE CONTROL; MODEL; POTENTIALS; EXPRESSION; DYNAMICS; TRACKING; FLOCKING; DRIVEN AB We consider a general swarm model of self-propelling agents interacting through a pairwise potential in the presence of noise and communication time delay. Previous work has shown that a communication time delay in the swarm induces a pattern bifurcation that depends on the size of the coupling amplitude. We extend these results by completely unfolding the bifurcation structure of the mean field approximation. Our analysis reveals a direct correspondence between the different dynamical behaviors found in different regions of the coupling-time delay plane with the different classes of simulated coherent swarm patterns. We derive the spatiotemporal scales of the swarm structures, as well as demonstrate how the complicated interplay of coupling strength, time delay, noise intensity, and choice of initial conditions can affect the swarm. In particular, our studies show that for sufficiently large values of the coupling strength and/or the time delay, there is a noise intensity threshold that forces a transition of the swarm from a misaligned state into an aligned state. We show that this alignment transition exhibits hysteresis when the noise intensity is taken to be time dependent. C1 [Mier-y-Teran-Romero, Luis] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Mier-y-Teran-Romero, Luis; Schwartz, Ira B.] USN, Res Lab, Nonlinear Syst Dynam Sect, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Forgoston, Eric] Montclair State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA. RP Mier-y-Teran-Romero, L (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM luis@nlschaos.nrl.navy.mil; eric.forgoston@montclair.edu; ira.schwartz@nrl.navy.mil FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences [R01GM090204]; Naval Research Laboratory [N0017310-2-C007]; Office of Naval Research FX The work of L. Mier-y-Teran-Romero and I. B. Schwartz was supported by Award R01GM090204 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences. The work of E. Forgoston was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory through Award N0017310-2-C007. This work was also supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 42 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1552-3098 J9 IEEE T ROBOT JI IEEE Trans. Robot. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 28 IS 5 BP 1034 EP 1044 DI 10.1109/TRO.2012.2198511 PG 11 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA 019HL UT WOS:000309728700004 PM 24255625 ER PT J AU White, BD Nydick, JA Karsky, D Williams, BD Hess, AV Stone, JD AF White, Brian D. Nydick, Jason A. Karsky, Dawnne Williams, Bailee D. Hess, Alfred V. Stone, Jeffrey D. TI Incidence and Clinical Outcomes of Tendon Rupture Following Distal Radius Fracture SO JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article DE Distal radius fracture; volar plating; tendon rupture ID VOLAR PLATE FIXATION; POLLICIS LONGUS TENDON; LOCKING-PLATE; FLEXOR TENDON; COMPLICATIONS; SCREW; MODEL AB Purpose To evaluate the incidence of tendon rupture after nonoperative and operative management of distal radius fractures, report clinical outcomes after tendon repair or transfer, and examine volar plate and dorsal screw prominence as a predictor of tendon rupture. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review on patients treated for tendon rupture after distal radius fracture. We evaluated active range of motion, Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score, grip strength, and pain score, and performed radiographic evaluation of volar plate and dorsal screw prominence in both the study group and a matched control group. Results There were 6 tendon ruptures in 1,359 patients (0.4%) treated nonoperatively and 8 tendon ruptures in 999 patients (0.8%) treated with volar plate fixation. At the time of final follow-up, regardless of treatment, we noted that patients had minimal pain and excellent motion and grip strength. Mean Disabilities of the Shoulder, Arm, and Hand scores were 6 for patients treated nonoperatively and 4 for those treated with volar plating. Conclusions We were unable to verify volar plate or dorsal screw prominence as independent risk factors for tendon rupture after distal radius fractures. However, we recommend continued follow-up and plate removal for symptomatic patients who have volar plate prominence or dorsal screw prominence. In the event of tendon rupture, we report excellent clinical outcomes after tendon repair or tendon transfer. (J Hand Surg 2012;37A:2035-2040. Copyright (C) 2012 by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand. All rights reserved.) Type of study/level of evidence Therapeutic IV. C1 Univ S Florida, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Tampa, FL USA. Florida Orthopaed Inst, Tampa, FL USA. Fdn Orthopaed Res & Educ, Tampa, FL USA. RP Nydick, JA (reprint author), USN, Hosp Pensacola, 6000 W Highway 98, Pensacola, FL 32512 USA. EM orthojason@me.com NR 30 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0363-5023 J9 J HAND SURG-AM JI J. Hand Surg.-Am. Vol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 37A IS 10 BP 2035 EP 2040 DI 10.1016/j.jhsa.2012.06.041 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 020WG UT WOS:000309846700013 PM 22943839 ER PT J AU Cain, RA Nydick, JA Stein, MI Williams, BD Polikandriotis, JA Hess, AV AF Cain, Richard A. Nydick, Jason A. Stein, Matthew I. Williams, Bailee D. Polikandriotis, John A. Hess, Alfred V. TI Complications Following Distal Biceps Repair SO JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article DE Biceps; distal; repair; tendon ID MODIFIED 2-INCISION TECHNIQUE; TENDON RUPTURES; SUTURE ANCHORS; BRACHII TENDON; INCISION; SINGLE; ENDOBUTTON AB Purpose Distal biceps rupture is a relatively uncommon injury. Surgical repair is performed in patients who seek increased flexion and supination strength over that which results from nonoperative treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate complications associated with surgical repair of the distal biceps tendon in a large series of patients. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 198 consecutive patients with distal biceps ruptures treated with surgical repair, and evaluated time from injury to repair, surgical technique, and complications. Results A total of 72 patients (36%) developed complications; 6 patients underwent additional surgery. Minor complications included lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve paresthesia (26%), radial sensory nerve paresthesia (6%), and superficial infection (2%). Major complications included posterior interosseous nerve injury (4%), symptomatic heterotropic ossification (3%), and re-rupture (2%). Conclusions Minor complications were common after distal biceps tendon repair; however, most were sensory nerve injuries that resolved with time. Major complications were infrequent, and few patients required revision surgery. Complications were more common after distal biceps tendon repair performed more than 28 days after rupture. (J Hand Surg 2012;37A:2112-2117. Copyright (C) 2012 by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand. All rights reserved.) Type of study/level of evidence Therapeutic IV. C1 [Nydick, Jason A.] USN, Hosp Pensacola, Pensacola, FL 32512 USA. Univ S Florida, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Tampa, FL USA. Fdn Orthopaed Res & Educ, Tampa, FL USA. Florida Orthopaed Inst, Tampa, FL USA. RP Nydick, JA (reprint author), USN, Hosp Pensacola, 6000 W Highway 98, Pensacola, FL 32512 USA. EM orthojason@me.com NR 21 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0363-5023 J9 J HAND SURG-AM JI J. Hand Surg.-Am. Vol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 37A IS 10 BP 2112 EP 2117 DI 10.1016/j.jhsa.2012.06.022 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 020WG UT WOS:000309846700023 PM 22938802 ER PT J AU Crawford, MJ AF Crawford, Michael J. TI U.S. Navy Petty Officers in the Era of the War of 1812 SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Article AB Navies in the age of sail required artisans familiar with the working of a sailing vessel as well as a warship's operations. The years 1797 to 1812 were formative for the body of skilled petty officers on whom commissioned and warrant officers relied to turn their armed ships into effective instruments of warfare. This essay provides an overview of the early U.S. Navy's process of recruiting and training petty officers, how the character of subordination and discipline was negotiated between commissioned and lesser officers, and the petty officers' life aboard ship in the era of the War of 1812. C1 USN, Hist & Heritage Command Washington, Washington, DC USA. RP Crawford, MJ (reprint author), USN, Hist & Heritage Command Washington, Washington, DC USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 76 IS 4 SI SI BP 1035 EP 1052 PG 18 WC History SC History GA 015YP UT WOS:000309484500005 ER PT J AU McCranie, KD AF McCranie, Kevin D. TI The War of 1812 in the Ongoing Napoleonic Wars: The Response of Britain's Royal Navy SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Article AB It proved difficult for Britain's Royal Navy to fight the War of 1812 while already at war with France. This ongoing conflict had lasted for nearly two decades and had left Britain with few reserves. Moreover, war with America necessitated a massive westward shift in naval deployments even while the European war intensified with Napoleon's invasion of Russia and the expansion of Wellington's Peninsular Campaign. The following article analyzes how the Royal Navy balanced operations between Napoleon's Empire and the United States with an emphasis on 1812 and 1813. C1 USN, War Coll Newport, Newport, RI USA. RP McCranie, KD (reprint author), USN, War Coll Newport, Newport, RI USA. NR 89 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 76 IS 4 SI SI BP 1067 EP 1094 PG 28 WC History SC History GA 015YP UT WOS:000309484500007 ER PT J AU Crawford, MJ AF Crawford, Michael J. TI Perilous Fight: America's Intrepid War with Britain on the High Seas, 1812-1815 SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Crawford, Michael J.] USN, Hist & Heritage Command, Washington, DC USA. RP Crawford, MJ (reprint author), USN, Hist & Heritage Command, Washington, DC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 76 IS 4 SI SI BP 1208 EP 1209 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 015YP UT WOS:000309484500018 ER PT J AU McCranie, KD AF McCranie, Kevin D. TI The Challenge: Britain Against America in the Naval War of 1812 SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [McCranie, Kevin D.] USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA. RP McCranie, KD (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 76 IS 4 SI SI BP 1220 EP 1221 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 015YP UT WOS:000309484500027 ER PT J AU Nichols, T AF Nichols, Thomas TI Cold War: The Essential Reference Guide SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Nichols, Thomas] USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA. RP Nichols, T (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 76 IS 4 SI SI BP 1298 EP 1300 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 015YP UT WOS:000309484500079 ER PT J AU O'Connell, AB AF O'Connell, Aaron B. TI Afghanistan Declassified: A Guide to America's Longest War SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [O'Connell, Aaron B.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD USA. RP O'Connell, AB (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 76 IS 4 SI SI BP 1314 EP 1315 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 015YP UT WOS:000309484500089 ER PT J AU Whelan, HT AF Whelan, Harry T. TI High-Grade Glioma/Glioblastoma Multiforme: Is There a Role for Photodynamic Therapy? SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE CANCER NETWORK LA English DT Article ID BRAIN-TUMORS; GLIOMA; CHILDREN AB In the United States, the 5-year survival rate for patients of all ages with all types of brain tumors is approximately 20%, with the scale skewed toward even poorer survival in patients with gliomas. Although surgery and radiotherapy are primary treatment options, surgery is rarely curative and radiotherapy has had little impact on overall survival. Predominantly studied in adults with advanced high-grade gliomas, photodynamic therapy (PDT) represents a paradigmatic shift in the treatment of brain tumors. With no clear standard of care for brain tumors, PDT may emerge as a potential alternative, although challenges regarding its clinical use remain and studies confirming its promise are necessary. (JNCCN 2012;10[Suppl 2]:S31-S34) C1 [Whelan, Harry T.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Neurol, USN, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Whelan, Harry T.] Bleser Endower Chair, Milwaukee, WI USA. [Whelan, Harry T.] USN, Profess Sch Liaison, Milwaukee, WI USA. RP Whelan, HT (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Neurol, USN, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. EM hwhelan@mcw.edu NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU HARBORSIDE PRESS PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 37 MAIN ST, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 1540-1405 J9 J NATL COMPR CANC NE JI J. Natl. Compr. Cancer Netw. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 10 SU 2 BP S31 EP S34 PG 4 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 020ZG UT WOS:000309854500008 PM 23055212 ER PT J AU Vourlidas, A Syntelis, P Tsinganos, K AF Vourlidas, A. Syntelis, P. Tsinganos, K. TI Uncovering the Birth of a Coronal Mass Ejection from Two-Viewpoint SECCHI Observations SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Coronal mass ejections, low coronal signatures; Coronal mass ejections, initiation and propagation; Magnetic reconnection, observational signatures ID SOLAR ERUPTION; ACCELERATION; FLOWS; LOOPS AB We investigate the initiation and formation of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) via a detailed two-viewpoint analysis of low corona observations of a relatively fast CME acquired by the SECCHI instruments aboard the STEREO mission. The event which occurred on 2 January 2008, was chosen because of several unique characteristics. It shows upward motions for at least four hours before the flare peak. Its speed and acceleration profiles exhibit a number of inflections which seem to have a direct counterpart in the GOES light curves. We detect and measure, in 3D, loops that collapse toward the erupting channel while the CME is increasing in size and accelerates. We suggest that these collapsing loops are our first evidence of magnetic evacuation behind the forming CME flux rope. We report the detection of a hot structure which becomes the core of the white light CME. We observe and measure unidirectional flows along the erupting filament channel which may be associated with the eruption process. Finally, we compare these observations to the predictions from the standard flare-CME model and find a very satisfactory agreement. We conclude that the standard flare-CME concept is a reliable representation of the initial stages of CMEs and that multi-viewpoint, high cadence EUV observations can be extremely useful in understanding the formation of CMEs. C1 [Vourlidas, A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Syntelis, P.] Acad Athens, Astron & Appl Math Res Ctr, GR-10673 Athens, Greece. [Tsinganos, K.] Natl Observ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Syntelis, P.; Tsinganos, K.] Univ Athens, Sect Astrophys Astron & Mech, Dept Phys, Athens, Greece. RP Vourlidas, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM vourlidas@nrl.navy.mil RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009 OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948 FU NASA [S-136361-Y] FX We thank the referee for the very useful comments and G. Stenborg for providing the wavelet-enhanced EUVI images and S. Patsourakos for fruitful discussions. The work of AV is supported by NASA contract S-136361-Y to the Naval Research Laboratory. The SECCHI data are produced by an international consortium of the NRL, LMSAL and NASA GSFC (USA), RAL and Univ. Bham (UK), MPS (Germany), CSL (Belgium), IOTA and IAS (France). NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 280 IS 2 BP 509 EP 523 DI 10.1007/s11207-012-9933-8 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 021DP UT WOS:000309865800018 ER PT J AU Gray, DJ AF Gray, Deric J. TI Order-of-scattering point spread and modulation transfer functions for natural waters SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SMALL-ANGLE APPROXIMATION; IMAGING-SYSTEMS; BEAM; PARTICLES AB The point spread and modulation transfer functions for natural waters are derived using the small-angle approximation to radiative transfer theory. The functional forms are expanded into a summation of terms that represent each order-of-scattering contribution to the total. The beam spread function is shown to be a product of an angle function that depends only on the phase function of the medium and a weighting factor that depends only on the optical properties and depth. The modulation transfer function is similarly shown as a product of a function depending only on the spatial frequency and a weighting function. These results are compared with Monte Carlo calculations using two different phase functions, with excellent agreement. The results suggest the small-angle approximation to be valid over a much larger angular range than previously thought. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gray, DJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7231,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM deric.gray@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research. I would like to thank A. Weidemann, G. Fournier, W. Hou, W. McBride, and J. Musser for useful discussions and support. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 28 BP 6753 EP 6764 DI 10.1364/AO.51.006753 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA 016UI UT WOS:000309544600009 PM 23033091 ER PT J AU Stokes, TA Holston, A Olsen, C Choi, Y Curtis, J Higginson, J Enright, L Adimora, C Hunt, CE AF Stokes, Theophil A. Holston, Alexander Olsen, Cara Choi, Young Curtis, Jerri Higginson, Jason Enright, Leah Adimora, Chinenye Hunt, Carl E. TI Preterm Infants of Lower Gestational Age at Birth Have Greater Waist Circumference-Length Ratio and Ponderal Index at Term Age than Preterm Infants of Higher Gestational Ages SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; TO-HEIGHT RATIO; CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK-FACTORS; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; YOUNG-ADULTS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; ABDOMINAL OBESITY; BLOOD-PRESSURE AB Objective To assess anthropometric changes from birth to hospital discharge in infants born preterm and compare with a reference birth cohort of infants born full-term. Study design Retrospective chart review was conducted of 501 preterm and 1423 full-term infants. We evaluated birth and hospital discharge weight, length, and waist circumference (WC). WC/length ratio (WLR), ponderal index, and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. Preterm infants were categorized into quartiles (Q1-4) based on birth weight (BW). Results At birth mean length, WC, WLR, BMI, and ponderal index were all significantly less for preterm infants in the lowest BW quartile (Q1) than preterm infants in higher BW quartiles or full-term infants. Although their weight, length, and BMI remained significantly less at discharge, preterm infants in Q1 had a disproportionate increase in WLR and ponderal index such that at discharge their WLR and ponderal index were greater than infants in Q2-3 and comparable with infants in Q4 and full-term infants. Discharge WLR and ponderal index in Q1 were significantly higher with decreasing postmenstrual age at birth. Conclusions Preterm infants of a lower birth postmenstrual age have disproportionate increases in WLR and ponderal index that are suggestive of increased visceral and total adiposity. (J Pediatr 2012;161:735-41). C1 [Stokes, Theophil A.; Holston, Alexander; Choi, Young; Curtis, Jerri; Higginson, Jason; Hunt, Carl E.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Stokes, Theophil A.; Higginson, Jason; Enright, Leah] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD USA. [Olsen, Cara] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Biostat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Choi, Young] Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Bragg, NC USA. [Choi, Young] Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Ft Bragg, NC USA. [Adimora, Chinenye] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Stokes, TA (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM Theophil.Stokes@usuhs.edu NR 44 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 161 IS 4 BP 735 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.03.023 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 016KH UT WOS:000309516400035 PM 22534153 ER PT J AU Lutgendorf, MA Thagard, A Rockswold, PD Busch, JM Magann, EF AF Lutgendorf, M. A. Thagard, A. Rockswold, P. D. Busch, J. M. Magann, E. F. TI Domestic violence screening of obstetric triage patients in a military population SO JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE domestic violence; emergency care; military; physical abuse; pregnancy ID INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; PREGNANT-WOMEN; BIRTH-WEIGHT; MATERNAL HEALTH; PHYSICAL ABUSE; SUBSTANCE USE; SELF-REPORT; US ARMY; PREVALENCE; ASSOCIATIONS AB Objective: The objective was to estimate the self-reported prevalence of domestic violence in a pregnant military population presenting for emergency care, and to determine the acceptability of domestic violence screening. Study Design: A prospective observational survey of patients presenting for obstetric emergency care. Women were anonymously screened for domestic violence using the Abuse Assessment Screen. Result: A total of 499 surveys were distributed, with 26 duplicate surveys. After excluding the 12 blank surveys, a total of 461 surveys were included in the final analysis. The lifetime prevalence of domestic violence (including physical, emotional and sexual abuse) was 22.6% (95% CI = 19.0 to 26.4) with 4.1% (95% CI = 2.3-6.0) of women reporting physical abuse in the past year and 2.8% (95% CI = 1.3-4.3) reporting abuse since becoming pregnant. The majority of women 91.8% (95% CI = 88.7-94.2) were not offended by domestic violence screening and 88.8% (95% CI = 82.0-88.9) felt that patients should be routinely screened. Conclusion: The self-reported prevalence of domestic violence in a pregnant military population presenting for emergency care was 22.6%. Most women are not offended by domestic violence screening and support routine screening. Journal of Perinatology (2012) 32, 763-769; doi:10.1038/jp.2011.188; published online 2 February 2012 C1 [Lutgendorf, M. A.; Thagard, A.; Busch, J. M.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Rockswold, P. D.] Navy & Marine Corps Publ Hlth Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Magann, E. F.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. RP Lutgendorf, MA (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM malutgendorf@gmail.com FU Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Washington, DC, Clinical Investigation Program FX Several of the authors are military service members. This work was prepared as part of their official duties. Title 17 USC 105 provides that 'Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government.' Title 17 USC 101 defines a United States Government work as a work prepared by a military service member or employee of the United States Government as part of that person's official duties. The Chief, Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Washington, DC, Clinical Investigation Program sponsored this study. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0743-8346 EI 1476-5543 J9 J PERINATOL JI J. Perinatol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 32 IS 10 BP 763 EP 769 DI 10.1038/jp.2011.188 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 016LL UT WOS:000309519800005 PM 22301524 ER PT J AU Ferrara, SL Kinney, TB Hall, LD AF Ferrara, Stephen L. Kinney, Thomas B. Hall, Lee D. TI Endovascular Treatment of a Congenital Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm in a Premature Newborn SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OF-THE-LITERATURE; TERM FOLLOW-UP; BALLOON-EXPANDABLE STENTS; COARCTATION; CHILDREN; IMPLANTATION; ARTERY; NEONATE AB Congenital aortic aneurysms are a rare, life-threatening disorder that present complex treatment challenges. The authors describe a congenital thoracic aortic aneurysm treated by endovascular means with stent-assisted coil deployment. Because of rapid in utero aneurysm growth and cardiac dysfunction, a 2.6-kg male was delivered expeditiously by Cesarean section at 35 2/7 weeks' gestation. On day of life 1, bilateral femoral arterial access was used to deliver a balloon-expandable stent across the wide-necked aneurysm. Microcoil embolization of the aneurysm via a prepositioned microcatheter was then performed. The child had an uncomplicated hospital course and is asymptomatic 5 months later, with complete aneurysm thrombosis. C1 [Ferrara, Stephen L.; Hall, Lee D.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Kinney, Thomas B.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Radiol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Ferrara, SL (reprint author), 10650 Lakecrest Point, San Diego, CA 92131 USA. EM ferrarasteve@hotmail.com NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1051-0443 J9 J VASC INTERV RADIOL JI J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 23 IS 10 BP 1330 EP 1334 DI 10.1016/j.jvir.2012.07.001 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 015YT UT WOS:000309484900015 PM 22999752 ER PT J AU Datskos, PG Lavrik, NV Hunter, SR Rajic, S Grbovic, D AF Datskos, P. G. Lavrik, N. V. Hunter, S. R. Rajic, S. Grbovic, D. TI Infrared imaging using arrays of SiO2 micromechanical detectors SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MICROCANTILEVER ARRAYS; PERFORMANCE; DESIGN AB In this Letter, we describe the fabrication of an array of bimaterial detectors for infrared (IR) imaging that utilize SiO2 as a structural material. All the substrate material underneath the active area of each detector element was removed. Each detector element incorporates an optical resonant cavity layer in the IR-absorbing region of the sensing element. The simplified microfabrication process requires only four photolithographic steps with no wet etching or sacrificial layers. The thermomechanical deflection sensitivity was 7.9 x 10(-3) rad/K, which corresponds to a noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) of 2.9 mK. In the present work, the array was used to capture IR images while operating at room temperature and atmospheric pressure without the need for vacuum packaging. The average measured NETD of our IR detector system was approximately 200 mK, but some sensing elements exhibited an NETD of 50 mK. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Datskos, P. G.; Lavrik, N. V.; Hunter, S. R.; Rajic, S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37931 USA. [Datskos, P. G.; Lavrik, N. V.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Grbovic, D.] USN, Dept Phys, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Datskos, PG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37931 USA. EM datskospg@ornl.gov RI Lavrik, Nickolay/B-5268-2011 OI Lavrik, Nickolay/0000-0002-9543-5634 FU Laboratory Director's Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy by UT-Battelle [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The work performed was supported by the Laboratory Director's Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Microfabrication was performed in part at Cornell NanoScale Facility. A portion of this research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by UT-Battelle under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 17 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 37 IS 19 BP 3966 EP 3968 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 016TR UT WOS:000309542900014 PM 23027247 ER PT J AU Lin, AH Francisco, GM AF Lin, Andrew H. Francisco, Gregory M. TI Loss of Capture due to Hyperkalemia: Is That the Whole Story? SO PACE-PACING AND CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hyperkalemia; electrocardiogram; pacemaker malfunction; minimal ventricular pacing C1 [Lin, Andrew H.; Francisco, Gregory M.] USN, Dept Cardiol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Francisco, GM (reprint author), Suite 303,34730 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM Gregory.Francisco@med.navy.mil NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0147-8389 J9 PACE JI PACE-Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 35 IS 10 BP 1273 EP 1275 DI 10.1111/j.1540-8159.2012.03341.x PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Engineering, Biomedical SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Engineering GA 015MG UT WOS:000309449600022 PM 22360726 ER PT J AU Chavez, DE Parrish, DA AF Chavez, David E. Parrish, Damon A. TI Synthesis and Characterization of 1-Nitroguanyl-3-nitro-5-amino-1,2,4-triazole SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE Insensitive explosives; Nitrotriazoles ID SALTS AB The synthesis of 1-nitroguanyl-3-nitro-5-amino-1,2,4-triazole (ANTA-NQ) (1) with good yield and high purity is described. DSC analysis showed that the material displays good thermal stability. An X-ray crystallographic analysis confirms the structure of this material, as well as displays intramolecular hydrogen bonding. A gas pycnometry density for this material was measured to be 1.79 g?cm-3. The heat of formation of this material was also measured. These data, along with the molecular formula were used as inputs to calculate the detonation velocity and detonation pressure using the Cheetah thermochemical code. The sensitivity of this material towards impact, spark and friction was also measured, as well as its vacuum thermal stability. The 3-azido derivative 2 was also prepared and its properties are described as well. The above data show that (ANTA-NQ) may be a high performing material with low sensitivity and good thermal stability. C1 [Chavez, David E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Parrish, Damon A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chavez, DE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS C920, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dechavez@lanl.gov FU Department of Defense; Department of Energy Munitions Technology Development; Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-AF-0-0002] FX This work was supported by the joint Department of Defense and the Department of Energy Munitions Technology Development. The Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Agency. The authors thank the Office of Naval Research (Award No. N00014-11-AF-0-0002). We also would like to thank Gabriel Avilucea for sensitivity testing, Stephanie Hagelberg for elemental analysis, Jose Archuleta for chemical analysis and Mary M. Sandstrom for thermal analysis. NR 19 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 16 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 37 IS 5 BP 536 EP 539 DI 10.1002/prep.201100112 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 017NU UT WOS:000309597700002 ER PT J AU Halpern, BH Snider, KF AF Halpern, Barton H. Snider, Keith F. TI Products That Kill and Corporate Social Responsibility: The Case of U.S. Defense Firms SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE corporate social responsibility; defense firms; defense industry; defense managers; military-industrial complex ID PERFORMANCE; INDUSTRY; ETHICS; ORIENTATIONS; PERCEPTIONS; MANAGEMENT; STUDENTS AB Scholars of corporate social responsibility (CSR), which refers to the responsibilities of a firm to society in four domains: economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary, have typically excluded defense firms from their research, mainly on ideological grounds. This study challenges these assumptions and measures the CSR orientations of managers of defense firms. The findings reveal the orientations of defense firm managers to be consistent with those of other corporate populations, though the highly regulated environment of defense contracting causes some differences. The findings help to redeem the social standing of defense firms, and by implication, their employees and the military members who use their products, from unwarranted antimilitary biases. C1 [Snider, Keith F.] USN, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Halpern, Barton H.] USA, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA. RP Snider, KF (reprint author), USN, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ksnider@nps.edu NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 11 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 38 IS 4 BP 604 EP 624 DI 10.1177/0095327X11415490 PG 21 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 013CU UT WOS:000309284100004 ER PT J AU Hedlin, MAH de Groot-Hedlin, C Drob, D AF Hedlin, Michael A. H. de Groot-Hedlin, Catherine Drob, Douglas TI A Study of Infrasound Propagation Using Dense Seismic Network Recordings of Surface Explosions SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID FINITE-DIFFERENCE; SOUND-PROPAGATION; ATMOSPHERE; MORPHOLOGY; SIMULATION; SIGNALS; WAVES AB We use dense seismic network recordings of accurately located surface explosions in northern Utah to shed light on the propagation of infrasound through the stratosphere. The data clearly show propagation of infrasound downwind from the source, as expected. The data also clearly show the penetration of infrasound into geometric shadow zones near the source and the spread of infrasound to a distance of 800 km from the source. The spread of infrasound both toward and away from the source is not predicted by applying either ray theory or the full-wave finite-difference technique to smooth ground-to-space (G2S) models. The mismatch between synthetics and data suggest a missing component in these models, possibly a small-scale gravity-wave structure. Comparison of the network recordings of approximately 1500 infrasound signals with travel-time predictions based on rays shows no significant average bias in the travel times. On average, recorded signals arrived 1 s earlier than predictions. Travel-time residuals are normally distributed about the mean with a standard deviation of 15 s. The small bias of the travel-time predictions indicates that despite the fact that small-scale structure is averaged out of commonly used G2S models, the large-scale structure of the atmosphere is accurately represented. The scatter of travel-time residuals is suggestive of small-scale structure missing from the models that we used to make the predictions, but firm conclusions would require a more in-depth study. C1 [Hedlin, Michael A. H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Revelle Lab, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [de Groot-Hedlin, Catherine] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Lab Atmospher Acoust, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Drob, Douglas] USN, Res Lab, Upper Atmospher Modeling Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hedlin, MAH (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Revelle Lab, Room 2107,9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM hedlin@ucsd.edu RI de Groot-Hedlin, Catherine/A-4919-2013; Drob, Douglas/G-4061-2014 OI de Groot-Hedlin, Catherine/0000-0002-3063-2805; Drob, Douglas/0000-0002-2045-7740 FU National Science Foundation [EAR-1053576]; Office of Naval Research; U.S. Army Space and Missile Defense Command (SMDC) project [W9113M-06-C-0029] FX We are indebted to Relu Burlacu (University of Utah) for the UTTR event catalog. We thank Earthscope for the tremendous Transportable Array and Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) for providing easy access to the seismic data via their Data Management Center (DMC). We thank Paul Golden (Southern Methodist University) for the use of data from NVIAR, and David Green and a second reviewer for constructive comments. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number EAR-1053576. The work was also supported by the Office of Naval Research and the U.S. Army Space and Missile Defense Command (SMDC) project Number W9113M-06-C-0029. A grant of computer time for infrasound ray trace calculations performed at the Army Research Laboratory Department of Defense (DoD) Supercomputing Resource Center was provided by the DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program. NR 40 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ALBANY PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA SN 0037-1106 EI 1943-3573 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 102 IS 5 BP 1927 EP 1937 DI 10.1785/0120110300 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 014YF UT WOS:000309411200002 ER PT J AU Cupp, C Gaball, CW AF Cupp, Craig Gaball, Curtis Wesley TI Utilizing Topical Therapies and Mitomycin to Reduce Scars SO FACIAL PLASTIC SURGERY LA English DT Article DE scar; mitomycin C; keloid ID DRYING SILICONE GEL; HYPERTROPHIC SCARS; KELOID SCARS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; 5-FLUOROURACIL; PREVENTION; MANAGEMENT; FIBROBLASTS; RECURRENCE; SURGERY AB Minimizing scar size, width, and contour of elevation is a common goal for the facial plastic surgeon. Various standard techniques are employed to reduce tension and enhance the rapid and uneventful healing of incisions. In some cases, these routine measures are not judged to be adequate, and additional intraoperative and postsurgical measures are employed to control the body's innate healing processes. Mitomycin C and self-drying silicone gel have been particularity useful in our practice. C1 [Cupp, Craig] USN, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Hosp Bremerton, Bremerton, WA 98312 USA. [Gaball, Curtis Wesley] USN, Dept Otolaryngol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Cupp, C (reprint author), USN, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Hosp Bremerton, 1 Boone Rd, Bremerton, WA 98312 USA. EM Craig.cupp@med.navy.mil NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC PI NEW YORK PA 333 SEVENTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA SN 0736-6825 J9 FACIAL PLAST SURG JI Facial Plast. Surg. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 28 IS 5 BP 513 EP 517 DI 10.1055/s-0032-1325645 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 013UG UT WOS:000309330800007 PM 23027218 ER PT J AU Stoepler, TM Rehill, B AF Stoepler, Teresa M. Rehill, Brian TI Forest habitat, not leaf phenotype, predicts late-season folivory of Quercus alba saplings SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE direct effect; herbivory; indirect effect; intraspecific variation; leaf quality; leaf toughness; light gap; phenotypic plasticity; shade leaf; sun leaf ID WHITE OAK; LIGHT ENVIRONMENT; INSECT HERBIVORY; PLANT-QUALITY; RAIN-FOREST; GROWTH; CONSEQUENCES; PERFORMANCE; PHENOLICS; PATTERNS AB 1. Natural sunlight gradients occur on multiple scales in space and time. However, the direct (via habitat) and indirect effects (via plant quality) of light environment are often confounded, obscuring the relative importance of each in influencing herbivore responses. 2. Potted saplings of Quercus alba (white oak, Fagaceae) were grown in either full sun or full shade from budburst to leaf hardening to manipulate leaf phenotype (creating sun or shade leaves), then placed in either sunny light gaps or adjacent shaded forest understorey habitats. This two-way factorial design isolated the effects of sunlight level during leaf expansion from light environment late in the growing season on leaf phenology, leaf traits associated with host plant quality for herbivores, herbivore density and folivory. 3. Sunlight level during leaf expansion and hardening had strong and persistent effects on Q.alba leaf phenology and phenotype. Shade saplings had later budburst (c. 4days), and fewer but larger leaves, resulting in greater total leaf area compared with sun leaf saplings. Shade leaves had higher water content, specific leaf area and nitrogen content, and lower toughness, carbon content, C/N ratios and concentrations of hydrolysable and condensed tannins than sun leaves. 4. Despite the apparent higher quality of shade leaves, forest habitat better predicted damage by folivores than leaf type, suggesting that the direct effects of light environment predominate for herbivory. Potted saplings of both leaf types placed in the shaded understorey suffered almost two times more folivory, on average, than saplings in sunny light gaps, despite more than three times higher mid-season herbivore density on sun leaf saplings relative to shade leaf saplings. 5. Taken together, these results suggest that both leaf phenotype and forest habitat, two factors frequently confounded in nature, have significant but distinct effects on leaf quality and herbivory. These findings have implications for plantherbivore interactions following disturbances such as treefalls, when shade leaves may be present in sunny habitats, and may help explain patterns of herbivory in understorey plants with early leaf flushing phenology relative to the canopy, when sun leaves are present in the shaded understorey. C1 [Stoepler, Teresa M.] George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Rehill, Brian] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Stoepler, TM (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 2023 G St NW,Suite 340, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM teresa.stoepler@gmail.com FU Sigma Xi; Washington Biologists' Field Club; GWU Mortensen Fund FX We thank L. Bergner, R. Delzer, V. Fiorentino, K. Grenis, T. Hastings, J. Lill, P. Lill, S. Murphy and M. Rosati for field assistance; I. Forseth, P. Lucas, R. Perry and G. Wimp for equipment use; T. Galloway and the Treemendous program for facilitating obtaining saplings; W. Hanley for facilitating research at Little Bennett Regional Park; K. Sparks and the Cornell Stable Isotope Laboratory for elemental analysis; N. Barber for helpful discussions; and J. Lill, M. Abarca, E. Sigmon, K. Thompson and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on earlier drafts. This project was funded by Sigma Xi, Washington Biologists' Field Club, and GWU Mortensen Fund grants to TMS. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. NR 65 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 37 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-8463 J9 FUNCT ECOL JI Funct. Ecol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 26 IS 5 BP 1205 EP 1213 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.02033.x PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 014QT UT WOS:000309391500023 ER PT J AU Moon, JS Seo, HC Antcliffe, M Lin, S McGuire, C Le, D Nyakiti, LO Gaskill, DK Campbell, PM Lee, KM Asbeck, P AF Moon, J. S. Seo, H. -C. Antcliffe, M. Lin, S. McGuire, C. Le, D. Nyakiti, L. O. Gaskill, D. K. Campbell, P. M. Lee, K. -M. Asbeck, P. TI Graphene FET-Based Zero-Bias RF to Millimeter-Wave Detection SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Energy harvesting; field-effect transistor (FET); graphene; millimeter wave; power detector; rectification; radio-frequency identification (RFID) ID EPITAXIAL-GRAPHENE; TRANSISTORS AB We report direct radio-frequency (RF) and millimeter-wave detection of epitaxial graphene field-effect transistors (FETs) up to 110 GHz with no dc biases applied, leveraging the nonlinearity of the channel resistance. A linear dynamic range of > 40 dB was measured, providing at least 20-dB greater linear dynamic range compared to conventional CMOS detectors at transistor level. The measured noise power of the graphene FETs was similar to 7.5 x 10(-18) V-2/Hz at zero bias and without 1/f noise. At a 50-Omega load, measured detection responsivity was 71 V/W at 2 GHz to 33 V/W at 110 GHz. The noise-equivalent power at 110 GHz was estimated to be similar to 80 pW/Hz(0.5). For the first time, we demonstrated graphene FETs as zero-bias ultrawideband direct RF detectors with comparable or better performance than state-of-the-art FET-based detectors without dc biases applied. C1 [Moon, J. S.; Seo, H. -C.; Antcliffe, M.; Lin, S.; McGuire, C.; Le, D.] HRL Labs LLC, Malibu, CA 90265 USA. [Nyakiti, L. O.; Gaskill, D. K.; Campbell, P. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lee, K. -M.; Asbeck, P.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Moon, JS (reprint author), HRL Labs LLC, Malibu, CA 90265 USA. EM jmoon@hrl.com FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) under SPAWAR [N66001-08-C-2048] FX This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and monitored by Dr. John Albrecht at DARPA under SPAWAR Contract N66001-08-C-2048. The views, opinions, and/or findings contained in this letter are those of the authors/presenters and should not be interpreted as representing the official views or policies, either expressed or implied, of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency or the Department of Defense. The review of this letter was arranged by Editor Z. Chen. NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 48 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0741-3106 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 33 IS 10 BP 1357 EP 1359 DI 10.1109/LED.2012.2210184 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 014HA UT WOS:000309364600008 ER PT J AU Eskridge, SL Macera, CA Galarneau, MR Holbrook, TL Woodruff, SI MacGregor, AJ Morton, DJ Shaffer, RA AF Eskridge, Susan L. Macera, Caroline A. Galarneau, Michael R. Holbrook, Troy L. Woodruff, Susan I. MacGregor, Andrew J. Morton, Deborah J. Shaffer, Richard A. TI Injuries from combat explosions in Iraq: Injury type, location, and severity SO INJURY-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE CARE OF THE INJURED LA English DT Article DE Explosions; Blasts; Blast injury; Military ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; OPERATION ENDURING FREEDOM; BLAST INJURIES; REGISTRY; POLYTRAUMA; OUTCOMES; TERROR; CARE AB Introduction: Explosions have caused a greater percentage of injuries in Iraq and Afghanistan than in any other large-scale conflict. Improvements in body armour and field medical care have improved survival and changed the injury profile of service personnel. This study's objective was to determine the nature, body region, and severity of injuries caused by an explosion episode in male service personnel. Materials and methods: A descriptive analysis was conducted of 4623 combat explosion episodes in Iraq between March 2004 and December 2007. The Barell matrix was used to describe the nature and body regions of injuries due to a combat explosion. Results: A total of 17,637 International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes were assigned to the 4623 explosion episodes, with an average of 3.8 ICD-9 codes per episode. The most frequent single injury type was a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI; 10.8%). Other frequent injuries were open wounds in the lower extremity (8.8%) and open wounds of the face (8.2%), which includes tympanic membrane rupture. The extremities were the body regions most often injured (41.3%), followed by head and neck (37.4%) and torso (8.8%). Conclusion: The results of this study support previous observations of TBI as a pre-eminent injury of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, with mild TBI as the most common single injury in this large cohort of explosion episodes. The extremities had the highest frequency of injuries for any one body region. The majority of the explosion episodes resulted in more than one injury, and the variety of injuries across nearly every body region and injury type suggests a complex nature of explosion injuries. Understanding the constellation of injuries commonly caused by explosions will assist in the mitigation, treatment, and rehabilitation of the effects of these injuries. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Eskridge, Susan L.; Galarneau, Michael R.; Holbrook, Troy L.; MacGregor, Andrew J.] USN, Dept Med Modeling & Simulat, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Macera, Caroline A.] USN, Dept Warfighter Performance, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Macera, Caroline A.; Shaffer, Richard A.] San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Woodruff, Susan I.] San Diego State Univ, Sch Social Work, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Morton, Deborah J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Div Epidemiol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Shaffer, Richard A.] USN, Dept Def HIV AIDS Prevent Program, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Eskridge, SL (reprint author), USN, Dept Med Modeling & Simulat, Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM susan.eskridge@med.navy.mil FU US Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery under the Wounded, Ill; Injured/Psychological Health/Traumatic Brain Injury Programme [60808] FX This work was supported by the US Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery under the Wounded, Ill, and Injured/Psychological Health/Traumatic Brain Injury Programme, Work Unit No. 60808. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (Protocol NHRC.2009.0023). NR 26 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-1383 J9 INJURY JI Injury-Int. J. Care Inj. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 43 IS 10 BP 1678 EP 1682 DI 10.1016/j.injury.2012.05.027 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Emergency Medicine; Orthopedics; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Emergency Medicine; Orthopedics; Surgery GA 014OU UT WOS:000309386200010 PM 22769977 ER PT J AU Benfield, RJ Mamczak, CN Vo, KCT Smith, T Osborne, L Sheppard, FR Elster, EA AF Benfield, Rodd J. Mamczak, Christiaan N. Vo, Kim-Chi T. Smith, Tricia Osborne, Lisa Sheppard, Forrest R. Elster, Eric A. TI Initial predictors associated with outcome in injured multiple traumatic limb amputations: A Kandahar-based combat hospital experience SO INJURY-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE CARE OF THE INJURED LA English DT Article DE Medical trauma; Traumatic limb amputation; War trauma; Kandahar trauma experience ID OPERATION-IRAQI-FREEDOM; COMA SCALE SCORE; MASSIVE TRANSFUSION; MORTALITY; PLATELETS; CRITERIA; PATIENT; DEATH; BLOOD AB Introduction: Improvised explosive devices (IEDs) are the defining mechanism of injury during Operation Enduring Freedom. This is a retrospective analysis of initialmanagement for IED blast injuries presenting with bilateral, traumatic, lower-extremity (LE) amputations with and without pelvic and perineal involvement. Methods: A database of trauma admissions presenting to a North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Role 3 combat hospital in southern Afghanistan over a 7-month period was created to evaluate the care of this particular injury pattern. Patients were included if they were received from point of injury with at least bilateral traumatic LE amputations and had vital signs with initial resuscitation efforts. Results: Thirty-two presented with double LE amputations (36%) and nine with triple amputations (10%). After excluding 10 patients who failed to meet the inclusion criteria, 22 patients were analysed. The mean age was 29 years, and the average ISS and admission haemoglobin were 22 and 11.3 mg l (1), respectively. Patients received an average of 54 units of blood products and underwent 1.6 operations with a mean operative time of 142.5 min. The pattern of injury was associated with an increase in the total blood products required for resuscitation (pelvis n = 12, p = 0.028, gastrointestinal tract (GI) n = 14, p = 0.02, perineal n = 15, p = 0.036). There was no relationship between ISS or admission haemoglobin and the need for massive transfusion. Low Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was associated with increased 30-day mortality. Hollow viscus injury and operative hemipelvectomy were also associated with mortality. Conclusions: Early 30-day follow-up demonstrated that IED injuries with bilateral LE amputations with and without pelvic and perineal involvement are survivable injuries. Standard measures of injury and predictors of survival bore little relationship to observed outcomes and may need to be re-evaluated. Long-term follow-up is needed to assess the extent of functional recovery and overall morbidity and mortality. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sheppard, Forrest R.; Elster, Eric A.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. [Benfield, Rodd J.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Mamczak, Christiaan N.] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Vo, Kim-Chi T.] 31st Med Grp, Aviano, Italy. [Smith, Tricia] 1 Canadian Field Hosp, Petawawa, ON, Canada. [Osborne, Lisa] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Grad Sch Nursing, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Mamczak, Christiaan N.; Sheppard, Forrest R.; Elster, Eric A.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Sheppard, Forrest R.; Elster, Eric A.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Elster, EA (reprint author), Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. EM Rodd.Benfield@gmail.com; Christiaan.Mamczak@med.navy.mil; KCTVO@yahoo.com; Tricia.Smith@forces.gc.ca; Lisa.osborne@usuhs.mil; Forrest.Sheppard@med.navy.mil; Eric.Elster1@med.navy.mil FU Canadian and United States Departments of Defense FX Funding source was from the Canadian and United States Departments of Defense. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-1383 J9 INJURY JI Injury-Int. J. Care Inj. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 43 IS 10 BP 1753 EP 1758 DI 10.1016/j.injury.2012.06.030 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Emergency Medicine; Orthopedics; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Emergency Medicine; Orthopedics; Surgery GA 014OU UT WOS:000309386200022 PM 22840556 ER PT J AU Hakre, S Armstrong, AW O'Connell, RJ Michael, NL Scott, PT Brett-Major, DM AF Hakre, Shilpa Armstrong, Adam W. O'Connell, Robert J. Michael, Nelson L. Scott, Paul T. Brett-Major, David M. TI A Pilot Online Survey Assessing Risk Factors for HIV Acquisition in the Navy and Marine Corps, 2005-2010 SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV military personnel survey ID MILITARY PERSONNEL; BEHAVIOR; SEX; SUBTYPES; CARE; MEN AB The Department of Defense policy Don't Ask, Don't Tell (DADT) ended in September, 2011. The Navy Bloodborne Infection Management Center conducted a post-DADT pilot survey of HIV seroconverters identified when the DADT policy was in effect. Sailors and Marines newly diagnosed as HIV positive from 2005 to 2010 were invited to participate in an online survey. A structured questionnaire elicited risk information about the 3-year period before HIV diagnosis. Respondents reported engaging commonly in same sex sexual activity, having concurrent partners, and poor condom use for anal sex. In this first post-DADT repeal report of self-reported behaviors, male-to-male sexual contact was a much more common mode of infection than previously reported. Several opportunities for primary prevention messaging now possible after DADT repeal are evident. C1 [Hakre, Shilpa] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, US Mil HIV Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Armstrong, Adam W.] USN, Navy Blood borne Infect Management Ctr, Marine Corps Publ Hlth Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. [O'Connell, Robert J.; Michael, Nelson L.; Scott, Paul T.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Bethesda, MD USA. [Brett-Major, David M.] USN, Med Profess Dev Ctr, US Mil Trop Med Program, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. [Brett-Major, David M.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Hakre, S (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, US Mil HIV Res Program, 6720-A Rockledge Dr,Suite 400, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM shakre@hivresearch.org FU US Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery; Military Infectious Diseases Research Program [MIDRP-H014010OTPPOC] FX Supported by US Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery and the Military Infectious Diseases Research Program, project MIDRP-H014010OTPPOC. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 61 IS 2 BP 125 EP 130 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31826a15db PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 012EQ UT WOS:000309218700007 PM 23007117 ER PT J AU D'Ammando, F Orienti, M Finke, J Raiteri, CM Angelakis, E Fuhrmann, L Giroletti, M Hovatta, T Max-Moerbeck, W Perkins, JS Readhead, ACS Richards, JL Stawarz, L Donato, D AF D'Ammando, F. Orienti, M. Finke, J. Raiteri, C. M. Angelakis, E. Fuhrmann, L. Giroletti, M. Hovatta, T. Max-Moerbeck, W. Perkins, J. S. Readhead, A. C. S. Richards, J. L. Stawarz, L. Donato, D. TI SBS 0846+513: a new gamma-ray-emitting narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: individual: SBS 0846+513; galaxies: nuclei; galaxies: Seyfert; gamma-rays: general ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; BLACK-HOLE MASS; BL-LAC OBJECT; SPECTRUM RADIO QUASARS; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; X-RAY; PMN J0948+0022; RELATIVISTIC JET; COMPTON ANALYSIS AB We report Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) observations of the radio-loud active galactic nucleus SBS 0846+513 (z = 0.5835), optically classified as a narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy, together with new and archival radio-to-X-ray data. The source was not active at ?-ray energies during the first two years of Fermi operation. A significant increase in activity was observed during 2010 October2011 August. In particular, a strong ?-ray flare was observed in 2011 June reaching an isotropic ?-ray luminosity (0.1300?GeV) of 1.0 X 1048?erg?s-1, comparable to that of the brightest flat spectrum radio quasars, and showing spectral evolution in ? rays. An apparent superluminal velocity of (8.2 +/- 1.5)c in the jet was inferred from 2011 to 2012 Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) images, suggesting the presence of a highly relativistic jet. Both the power released by this object during the flaring activity and the apparent superluminal velocity are strong indications of the presence of a relativistic jet as powerful as those of blazars. In addition, variability and spectral properties in radio and ?-ray bands indicate blazar-like behaviour, suggesting that, except for some distinct optical characteristics, SBS 0846+513 could be considered as a young blazar at the low end of the blazar's black hole mass distribution. C1 [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Perugia, Dip Fis, I-060123 Perugia, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.; Orienti, M.; Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Orienti, M.] Univ Bologna, Dip Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Finke, J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Raiteri, C. M.] Osserv Astron Torino, INAF, I-10025 Pino Torinese, TO, Italy. [Angelakis, E.; Fuhrmann, L.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Hovatta, T.; Max-Moerbeck, W.; Readhead, A. C. S.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Perkins, J. S.; Donato, D.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, Baltimore, MD 20742 USA. [Perkins, J. S.; Donato, D.] Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Richards, J. L.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Stawarz, L.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Stawarz, L.] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Perkins, J. S.; Donato, D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP D'Ammando, F (reprint author), Univ Perugia, Dip Fis, Via A Pascoli, I-060123 Perugia, Italy. EM filippo.dammando@fisica.unipg.it FU NASA [NNX08AW31G, NNX11A043G]; NSF [AST-0808050, AST-1109911]; [ASI-INAF I/009/10/0] FX We thank the Swift team for making these observations possible, the duty scientists and science planners. This research has made use of data from the MOJAVE data base that is maintained by the MOJAVE team (Lister et al. 2009). The OVRO 40-m monitoring program is supported in part by NASA grants NNX08AW31G and NNX11A043G, and NSF grants AST-0808050 and AST-1109911. This paper is partly based on observations with the 100-m telescope of the MPIfR (Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie) at Effelsberg and the Medicina telescope operated by INAF-Istituto di Radioastronomia. We acknowledge A. Orlati, S. Righini and the Enhanced Single-dish Control System (ESCS) Development Team. We acknowledge financial contribution from agreement ASI-INAF I/009/10/0. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the anonymous referee for useful suggestions. FD would like to thank Gino Tosti and Marco Ajello for fruitful comments and discussions, and Paola Grandi who has made the data of her paper available. NR 84 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 426 IS 1 BP 317 EP 329 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21707.x PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 009ZQ UT WOS:000309064600023 ER PT J AU Arnold, JC Cannavino, CR Ross, MK Westley, B Miller, TC Riffenburgh, RH Bradley, J AF Arnold, John C. Cannavino, Christopher R. Ross, Mindy K. Westley, Ben Miller, Thomas C. Riffenburgh, Robert H. Bradley, John TI Acute Bacterial Osteoarticular Infections: Eight-Year Analysis of C-Reactive Protein for Oral Step-Down Therapy SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE acute bacterial arthritis; acute bacterial osteomyelitis; C-reactive protein; CRP; osteomyelitis; septic arthritis ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; ACUTE HEMATOGENOUS OSTEOMYELITIS; METHICILLIN-RESISTANT; SEPTIC ARTHRITIS; ANTIMICROBIAL TREATMENT; SKELETAL INFECTIONS; ANTIBIOTIC-THERAPY; VENOUS THROMBOSIS; JOINT INFECTIONS; CHILDREN AB BACKGROUND: One of the most important decisions in the treatment of osteoarticular infections is the time at which parenteral therapy can be changed to oral therapy. C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute inflammatory indicator with a half-life of 19 hours and thus can be helpful in assessing the adequacy of therapy for bacterial infections. At our institution, a combination of CRP and clinical findings is used to determine the transition to oral therapy. METHODS: A search of 8 years of electronic records identified children with osteoarticular infections. Only children with culture-positive acute bacterial arthritis (ABA) or acute bacterial osteomyelitis (ABO) were studied further. A primary chart review of demographic and clinical data was conducted, and a secondary chart review of complicated outcomes was performed. RESULTS: Of 194 total patients, complicated outcomes occurred in 40, of which 35 were prolonged therapy. Only 1 microbiologic failure occurred, presumably due to a retained intra-articular fragment of infected bone. CRP was highest initially among patients with simultaneous ABO + ABA and among those with complicated outcomes, and was lower at the transition to oral therapy in the complicated outcome group (1.5 vs 2.1 mg/dL; P = .012). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of clinical findings and CRP is a useful tool to transition children with osteoarticular infections to oral therapy. Complicated outcomes were associated with higher early CRP at diagnosis and lower CRP at the end of parenteral therapy, suggesting that clinicians were more conservative with prolonged initial parenteral therapy in this group. Pediatrics 2012; 130: e821-e828 C1 [Arnold, John C.] USN, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Riffenburgh, Robert H.] USN, Dept Clin Invest, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Arnold, John C.; Cannavino, Christopher R.; Bradley, John] Rady Childrens Hosp San Diego, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA USA. [Cannavino, Christopher R.; Ross, Mindy K.] Rady Childrens Hosp San Diego, Dept Pediat, Div Hosp Med, San Diego, CA USA. [Cannavino, Christopher R.; Bradley, John] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Westley, Ben] Brown Univ, Div Infect Dis, Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Arnold, JC (reprint author), USN, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis, San Diego Med Ctr, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM john.arnold@med.navy.mil NR 29 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD OCT PY 2012 VL 130 IS 4 BP E821 EP E828 DI 10.1542/peds.2012-0220 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 014YO UT WOS:000309412100005 PM 22966033 ER PT J AU Martin, NJ Smith, PA Brown, CW Achee, NL DeLong, GT AF Martin, Nicholas J. Smith, Philip A. Brown, Carlis W. Achee, Nicole L. DeLong, Gerald T. TI Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane determination in air by thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE thermal desorption (TD); gas chromatography (GC); mass spectrometry (MS); dichlorodiphenyltrichloroehtane (DDT) ID ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; POLYURETHANE FOAM; TENAX-GC; RESIDUES; DDT; UNCERTAINTY; EXTRACTION; PRESSURE AB BACKGROUND: Current quantitative methods for airborne dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) require collection and extraction times of = 12 h. The aim of this study was to develop a method for quantifying airborne DDT with a short (<4 h) collection and analysis time. RESULTS: Precision [relative standard deviation (RSD)] for each calibration point (0.89.0), linearity (R2 = 0.99) and apparent recovery (R' = 96.5%) were determined from thermal desorption (TD) gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses of Tenax-TA-packed sampling tubes spiked with 1250 ng of DDT. Recovery of 13C-labeled 4,4'-DDT from tubes spiked before and after air sampling was 97.3 and 90.3% respectively. DDT was detected and quantified in 13 L samples of air collected during 10180 min sampling events. A significant difference was observed in DDT air concentration between 28 and 33 degrees C during microchamber studies. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate that the TD GC-MS method developed in this study is precise, reproducible and linear over the span of 1250 ng of DDT spiked onto TD tubes. By avoiding dilution of the sample, the method described allows the measurement of DDT vapor concentrations during short sampling periods (10180 min) relevant to mosquito behavior studies. Published 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Martin, Nicholas J.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Martin, Nicholas J.; Smith, Philip A.; Brown, Carlis W.; Achee, Nicole L.; DeLong, Gerald T.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Smith, Philip A.] US Dept Labor OSHA, Hlth Response Team, Sandy, UT USA. [Brown, Carlis W.] US Marine Corps Chem Biol Incident Response Force, Indian Head, MD USA. RP Martin, NJ (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM nicholas.martin@med.navy.mil RI Smith, Philip/A-6835-2009 OI Smith, Philip/0000-0003-3787-9111 FU Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences [R087Y5]; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [48513] FX The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, the Department of Defense or the US government. The primary author is a military service member, and this work was prepared as part of his official duties. Title 17 U.S.C. 105 provides that 'Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government'. Title 17 U.S.C. 101 defines a US Government work as work prepared by a military service member or employee of the US Government as part of that person's official duties. This research was supported by Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences intramural grant R087Y5 and Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation grant 48513. The authors also express their thanks to Agilent Technologies and Markes International for generous support during the development of the TD GC-MS method. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 68 IS 10 BP 1360 EP 1367 DI 10.1002/ps.3313 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 003YM UT WOS:000308647300006 PM 22674794 ER PT J AU Kahler, SW Cliver, EW Tylka, AJ Dietrich, WF AF Kahler, S. W. Cliver, E. W. Tylka, A. J. Dietrich, W. F. TI A Comparison of Ground Level Event e/p and Fe/O Ratios with Associated Solar Flare and CME Characteristics SO SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Acceleration of particles; Interplanetary medium; Sun: particle emission; Sun: radio radiation; Sun: coronal mass ejections ID ENERGETIC PARTICLE EVENTS; CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; IONIC CHARGE STATES; II RADIO-BURSTS; X-RAY; RELATIVISTIC PROTONS; RELEASE TIMES; CURRENT SHEET; HIGH-ENERGIES; ABUNDANCES AB Solar energetic particle (SEP) events reaching rigidities > 1 GV are observed at 1 AU as ground-level events (GLEs). They are considered to be extreme cases of gradual SEP events, produced by shocks driven by wide and fast CMEs that are usually associated with long-duration (> 1 hour) soft X-ray (SXR) flares. However, some large gradual SEP events, including GLEs, are associated with flares of short-duration (< 1 hour) timescales comparable to those of flares seen with impulsive, low-energy SEP events with enhanced charge states, heavy-element abundances, and e/p ratios. The association of some GLEs with short-duration SXR events challenges us to understand the GLE event-to-event variation with SXR durations and whether it truly reflects the nature of the particle acceleration processes or simply the characteristics of the solar regions from which large, fast CMEs arise. We examine statistically the associated flare, active region (AR), and CME characteristics of similar to 40 GLEs observed since 1976 to determine how the GLE e/p and Fe/O ratios, each measured in two energy ranges, depend on those characteristics. The abundance ratios trend weakly to lower, more coronal, and less scattered values with increasing flare timescales, thermal and nonthermal peak fluxes, and measures of source AR sizes. These results and the wide range of solar longitude connections for GLEs with high abundance ratios argue against a significant role for flare effects in the GLEs. We suggest that GLE SEPs are accelerated predominately in CME-driven shocks and that a coupling of flare size and timescales with CME properties could explain the SEP abundance correlations with flare properties. C1 [Kahler, S. W.; Cliver, E. W.] USAF, Res Lab, RVBXS, Hanscom Afb, MA 01731 USA. [Tylka, A. J.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dietrich, W. F.] Praxis Inc, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA. RP Kahler, SW (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, RVBXS, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom Afb, MA 01731 USA. EM stephen.kahler@hanscom.af.mil; afrl.rvb.pa@hanscom.af.mil RI Tylka, Allan/G-9592-2014 FU NASA DPR [NNG06EC551]; Office of Naval Research; AFOSR [2301RDZ4] FX A.J.T. and W.F.D. were supported by NASA DPR NNG06EC551. A.J.T. was also supported by the Office of Naval Research, and S.W.K. and E.W.C. were funded by AFOSR task 2301RDZ4. NR 70 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-6308 EI 1572-9672 J9 SPACE SCI REV JI Space Sci. Rev. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 171 IS 1-4 BP 121 EP 139 DI 10.1007/s11214-011-9768-x PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 014CJ UT WOS:000309352400007 ER PT J AU Huang, LL Shabaev, A Lambrakos, SG Massa, L AF Huang, Lulu Shabaev, Andrew Lambrakos, Samuel G. Massa, Lou TI Ground-State Features in the THz Spectra of Molecular Clusters of beta-HMX SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE S-Matrix; Terahertz spectroscopy; THz spectra; Improvised explosive devices; IED detection; Molecular clusters; Calculated spectra; Density functional theory; DFT; Numerical simulation ID GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; TERAHERTZ SPECTROSCOPY; EXPLOSIVES; EXCHANGE AB We present calculations of absorption spectra arising from molecular vibrations at THz frequencies for molecular clusters of the explosive HMX using density functional theory (DFT). The features of these spectra can be shown to follow from the coupling of vibrational modes. In particular, the coupling among ground-state vibrational modes provides a reasonable molecular-level interpretation of spectral features associated with the vibrational modes of molecular clusters. THz excitation from the ground state is associated with frequencies that characteristically perturb molecular electronic states, in contrast to frequencies, which are usually substantially above the mid-infrared (mid-IR) range, that can induce appreciable electronic-state transition. Owing to this characteristic of THz excitation, one is able to make a direct association between local oscillations about ground-state minima of molecules, either isolated or comprising a cluster, and THz absorption spectra. The DFT software program GAUSSIAN was used for the calculations of the absorption spectra presented here. C1 [Shabaev, Andrew] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Huang, Lulu; Lambrakos, Samuel G.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Massa, Lou] CUNY Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10065 USA. RP Shabaev, A (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM ashabaev@gmu.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 19 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 5320 SPECTRUM DRIVE SUITE C, FREDERICK, MD 21703 USA SN 0003-7028 EI 1943-3530 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 66 IS 10 BP 1242 EP 1248 DI 10.1366/11-06552 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 009HS UT WOS:000309017500017 PM 23031709 ER PT J AU Porter, CK Faix, DJ Shiau, D Espiritu, J Espinosa, BJ Riddle, MS AF Porter, Chad K. Faix, Dennis J. Shiau, Danny Espiritu, Jennifer Espinosa, Benjamin J. Riddle, Mark S. TI Postinfectious Gastrointestinal Disorders Following Norovirus Outbreaks SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME; GASTROESOPHAGEAL-REFLUX DISEASE; GASTROENTERITIS OUTBREAK; FUNCTIONAL DYSPEPSIA; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH; VIRUS AB Background. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates 20.9 million norovirus infections annually in the United States. Although the acute disease burden is sizeable, emerging data suggest norovirus may be associated with chronic gastrointestinal problems. We identified known outbreaks in US military recruits and used the Defense Medical Encounter Database (DMED) to identify the risk of new onset functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Methods. Subjects reporting for care of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) at a military treatment clinic during 3 known norovirus outbreaks were identified. Each AGE subject was matched with up to 4 subjects with unrelated medical encounters. Medical encounter data were analyzed for the duration of military service time (or a minimum of 1 year) to assess for incident FGD or GERD. Relative risks were calculated using regression models. Results. We identified 1718 subjects from 3 outbreaks. After controlling for important demographic covariates, the incidence of constipation, dyspepsia, and GERD was approximately 1.5-old higher (P < .01) in AGE-exposed subjects than matched subjects. We also noted variability in outcome incidence across outbreaks. Conclusions. It appears that the risk of dyspepsia, constipation, and GERD are higher among those who have AGE during a confirmed norovirus outbreak. Although these findings need confirmation, they suggest that dysmotility may result subsequent to these infections. If confirmed, the costs and morbidity associated with the chronic consequences of norovirus should be considered. C1 [Porter, Chad K.] USN, Enter Dis Dept, Infect Dis Directorate, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Faix, Dennis J.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Shiau, Danny] USN, Bur Med & Surg, Falls Church, VA USA. [Espiritu, Jennifer; Espinosa, Benjamin J.] USN, Environm Prevent Med Unit 2, Norfolk, VA USA. RP Porter, CK (reprint author), USN, Enter Dis Dept, Infect Dis Directorate, Med Res Ctr, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM chad.porter@med.navy.mil FU Military Infectious Disease Research Program FX The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the US Government. This is a US Government work. There are no restrictions on its use. There were no financial conflicts of interests among any of the authors. The study protocol was approved by the Naval Medical Research Center Institutional Review Board in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects. This study was conducted under support of the Military Infectious Disease Research Program. NR 31 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 55 IS 7 BP 915 EP 922 DI 10.1093/cid/cis576 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 002JI UT WOS:000308527500009 PM 22715178 ER PT J AU Pema, E Mehay, S AF Pema, Elda Mehay, Stephen TI Career effects of occupation-related vocational education: Evidence from the military's internal labor market SO ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Vocational education; Turnover; Promotion; Internal labor markets ID UNITED-STATES; SCHOOL; WAGE; ISRAEL; MATCH AB Prior research on the labor market success of secondary vocational education has produced mixed results, with several studies finding wage gains only for individuals who work in training-related occupations. We contribute to this debate by focusing on a single occupation and organization and by comparing the careers of employees with and without occupation-related training in high school. We use longitudinal data on the careers of military recruits who completed high school Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps (JROTC), a military science program that has features of a vocational training and school-to-work program. We find that the occupation-specific training received via JROTC reduces early turnover and improves long-run job stability for those who choose military jobs, suggesting that an important effect of vocational training is to improve job match quality. We also. find that promotion rates for vocational graduates are similar to their peers, suggesting that vocational education in general works by improving occupational sorting. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pema, Elda; Mehay, Stephen] USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Pema, E (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM epema@nps.edu NR 34 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0272-7757 J9 ECON EDUC REV JI Econ. Educ. Rev. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 31 IS 5 BP 680 EP 693 DI 10.1016/j.econedurev.2012.04.005 PG 14 WC Economics; Education & Educational Research SC Business & Economics; Education & Educational Research GA 006XD UT WOS:000308852200013 ER PT J AU Sutto, TE Duncan, TT AF Sutto, Thomas E. Duncan, Teresa T. TI Electrochemical and structural characterization of Mg ion intercalation into Co3O4 using ionic liquid electrolytes SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Ionic liquids; Intercalation; Magnesium ion; Co3O4 ID RECHARGEABLE MAGNESIUM BATTERIES; MO6S8 CHEVREL-PHASE; NONAQUEOUS ELECTROCHEMISTRY; INSERTION; KINETICS AB The electrochemical behavior of magnesium perchlorate in ionic liquids is characterized using Co3O4 as the working electrode and Mg foil as the anode material. The cations of the ionic liquids were 1,2-dimethy1-3-R-imidazolium with R = butyl (MMBI) or octyl (MMOI), and the anion was bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI). The TFSI ionic liquids exhibited large electrochemical windows, with MMOITFSI possessing an electrochemical window of 5 V. Ionic conductivity studies indicated a higher ionic conductivity of 3.67 ms/cm for 1.0 M Mg(ClO4)(2) in MMBITFSI when compared to 2.16 mS/cm for 1.0 M Mg(ClO4)(2). MMOITFSI was selected as the electrolyte for the electrochemical characterizations of Co3O4, due to its larger electrochemical window and its inability to intercalate, and therefore degrade, graphitic material added to the Co3O4 electrode. Electrochemical results indicated that the maximum attainable value for x in MgxCo3O4 was 0.33, with an initial capacity of only 78 mAh/g. X-ray diffraction studies of the Mg intercalated Co3O4 indicated a 20% expansion of the unit cell and a decrease in the symmetry of the metal oxide from cubic to orthorhombic symmetry. Charge/discharge experiments at a C/3 rate were performed vs. Mg metal. Results indicated that after 10 cycles, the capacity decreased linearly with cycling, most likely due to the inability to deintercalate the more strongly interacting Mg++. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sutto, Thomas E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Duncan, Teresa T.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Sutto, TE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6364,Bldg 3,Room 225,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM thomas.sutto@nrl.navy.mil NR 26 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 6 U2 153 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 80 BP 413 EP 417 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.07.050 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 013LP UT WOS:000309307200054 ER PT J AU Teriaca, L Andretta, V Auchere, F Brown, CM Buchlin, E Cauzzi, G Culhane, JL Curdt, W Davila, JM Del Zanna, G Doschek, GA Fineschi, S Fludra, A Gallagher, PT Green, L Harra, LK Imada, S Innes, D Kliem, B Korendyke, C Mariska, JT Martinez-Pillet, V Parenti, S Patsourakos, S Peter, H Poletto, L Rutten, RJ Schuhle, U Siemer, M Shimizu, T Socas-Navarro, H Solanki, SK Spadaro, D Trujillo-Bueno, J Tsuneta, S Dominguez, SV Vial, JC Walsh, R Warren, HP Wiegelmann, T Winter, B Young, P AF Teriaca, Luca Andretta, Vincenzo Auchere, Frederic Brown, Charles M. Buchlin, Eric Cauzzi, Gianna Culhane, J. Len Curdt, Werner Davila, Joseph M. Del Zanna, Giulio Doschek, George A. Fineschi, Silvano Fludra, Andrzej Gallagher, Peter T. Green, Lucie Harra, Louise K. Imada, Shinsuke Innes, Davina Kliem, Bernhard Korendyke, Clarence Mariska, John T. Martinez-Pillet, Valentin Parenti, Susanna Patsourakos, Spiros Peter, Hardi Poletto, Luca Rutten, Robert J. Schuehle, Udo Siemer, Martin Shimizu, Toshifumi Socas-Navarro, Hector Solanki, Sami K. Spadaro, Daniele Trujillo-Bueno, Javier Tsuneta, Saku Dominguez, Santiago Vargas Vial, Jean-Claude Walsh, Robert Warren, Harry P. Wiegelmann, Thomas Winter, Berend Young, Peter TI LEMUR: Large European module for solar Ultraviolet Research SO EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY LA English DT Article DE Sun: atmosphere; Space vehicles: instruments; Techniques: spectroscopy; ESA cosmic vision ID HELIOSPHERIC MAGNETIC-FIELDS; EUV IMAGING SPECTROMETER; ACTIVE REGIONS; DOPPLER-SHIFT; LOOP OSCILLATIONS; CORONAL LOOPS; POLAR PLUMES; WIND; HINODE; OUTFLOWS AB The solar outer atmosphere is an extremely dynamic environment characterized by the continuous interplay between the plasma and the magnetic field that generates and permeates it. Such interactions play a fundamental role in hugely diverse astrophysical systems, but occur at scales that cannot be studied outside the solar system. Understanding this complex system requires concerted, simultaneous solar observations from the visible to the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and soft X-rays, at high spatial resolution (between 0.1'' and 0.3''), at high temporal resolution (on the order of 10 s, i.e., the time scale of chromospheric dynamics), with a wide temperature coverage (0.01 MK to 20 MK, from the chromosphere to the flaring corona), and the capability of measuring magnetic fields through spectropolarimetry at visible and near-infrared wavelengths. Simultaneous spectroscopic measurements sampling the entire temperature range are particularly important. These requirements are fulfilled by the Japanese Solar-C mission (Plan B), composed of a spacecraft in a geosynchronous orbit with a payload providing a significant improvement of imaging and spectropolarimetric capabilities in the UV, visible, and near-infrared with respect to what is available today and foreseen in the near future. The Large European Module for solar Ultraviolet Research (LEMUR), described in this paper, is a large VUV telescope feeding a scientific payload of high-resolution imaging spectrographs and cameras. LEMUR consists of two major components: a VUV solar telescope with a 30 cm diameter mirror and a focal length of 3.6 m, and a focal-plane package composed of VUV spectrometers covering six carefully chosen wavelength ranges between 170 and 1270 . The LEMUR slit covers 280'' on the Sun with 0.14'' per pixel sampling. In addition, LEMUR is capable of measuring mass flows velocities (line shifts) down to 2 km s (-aEuro parts per thousand 1) or better. LEMUR has been proposed to ESA as the European contribution to the Solar C mission. C1 [Teriaca, Luca; Curdt, Werner; Innes, Davina; Peter, Hardi; Schuehle, Udo; Solanki, Sami K.; Wiegelmann, Thomas] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. [Andretta, Vincenzo] INAF Osservatorio Astron Capodimonte, I-80131 Naples, Italy. [Auchere, Frederic; Buchlin, Eric; Vial, Jean-Claude] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, UMR8617, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Brown, Charles M.; Doschek, George A.; Korendyke, Clarence; Mariska, John T.; Warren, Harry P.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cauzzi, Gianna] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Culhane, J. Len; Green, Lucie; Harra, Louise K.; Dominguez, Santiago Vargas; Winter, Berend] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [Davila, Joseph M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Del Zanna, Giulio] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England. [Fineschi, Silvano] INAF Osservatorio Astron Torino, Pino Torinese, Italy. [Fludra, Andrzej] STFC Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Gallagher, Peter T.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Imada, Shinsuke; Shimizu, Toshifumi] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Kliem, Bernhard] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. [Martinez-Pillet, Valentin; Socas-Navarro, Hector; Trujillo-Bueno, Javier] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Tenerife 38205, Spain. [Parenti, Susanna] Royal Observ Belgium, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium. [Patsourakos, Spiros] Univ Ioannina, Dept Phys, Astrogeophys Sect, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Poletto, Luca] CNR Inst Photon & Nanotechnol, Padua, Italy. [Rutten, Robert J.] Sterrekundig Inst, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Siemer, Martin] DLR Inst Space Syst, Bremen, Germany. [Spadaro, Daniele] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy. [Tsuneta, Saku] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Walsh, Robert] Univ Cent Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, England. [Young, Peter] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Teriaca, L (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, Max Planck Str 2, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. EM teriaca@mps.mpg.de RI Solanki, Sami/E-2487-2013; Gallagher, Peter/C-7717-2011 OI Solanki, Sami/0000-0002-3418-8449; Gallagher, Peter/0000-0001-9745-0400 NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0922-6435 J9 EXP ASTRON JI Exp. Astron. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 34 IS 2 SI SI BP 273 EP 309 DI 10.1007/s10686-011-9274-x PG 37 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 012IU UT WOS:000309230600006 ER PT J AU Feroci, M Stella, L van der Klis, M Courvoisier, TJL Hernanz, M Hudec, R Santangelo, A Walton, D Zdziarski, A Barret, D Belloni, T Braga, J Brandt, S Budtz-Jorgensen, C Campana, S den Herder, JW Huovelin, J Israel, GL Pohl, M Ray, P Vacchi, A Zane, S Argan, A Attina, P Bertuccio, G Bozzo, E Campana, R Chakrabarty, D Costa, E De Rosa, A Del Monte, E Di Cosimo, S Donnarumma, I Evangelista, Y Haas, D Jonker, P Korpela, S Labanti, C Malcovati, P Mignani, R Muleri, F Rapisarda, M Rashevsky, A Rea, N Rubini, A Tenzer, C Wilson-Hodge, C Winter, B Wood, K Zampa, G Zampa, N Abramowicz, MA Alpar, MA Altamirano, D Alvarez, JM Amati, L Amoros, C Antonelli, LA Artigue, R Azzarello, P Bachetti, M Baldazzi, G Barbera, M Barbieri, C Basa, S Baykal, A Belmont, R Boirin, L Bonvicini, V Burderi, L Bursa, M Cabanac, C Cackett, E Caliandro, GA Casella, P Chaty, S Chenevez, J Coe, MJ Collura, A Corongiu, A Covino, S Cusumano, G D'Amico, F Dall'Osso, S De Martino, D De Paris, G Di Persio, G Di Salvo, T Done, C Dovciak, M Drago, A Ertan, U Fabiani, S Falanga, M Fender, R Ferrando, P Ferreira, DD Fraser, G Frontera, F Fuschino, F Galvez, JL Gandhi, P Giommi, P Godet, O Gogus, E Goldwurm, A Gotz, D Grassi, M Guttridge, P Hakala, P Henri, G Hermsen, W Horak, J Hornstrup, A in't Zand, JJM Isern, J Kalemci, E Kanbach, G Karas, V Kataria, D Kennedy, T Klochkov, D Kluzniak, W Kokkotas, K Kreykenbohm, I Krolik, J Kuiper, L Kuvvetli, I Kylafis, N Lattimer, JM Lazzarotto, F Leahy, D Lebrun, F Lin, D Lund, N Maccarone, T Malzac, J Marisaldi, M Martindale, A Mastropietro, M McClintock, J McHardy, I Mendez, M Mereghetti, S Miller, MC Mineo, T Morelli, E Morsink, S Motch, C Motta, S Munoz-Darias, T Naletto, G Neustroev, V Nevalainen, J Olive, JF Orio, M Orlandini, M Orleanski, P Ozel, F Pacciani, L Paltani, S Papadakis, I Papitto, A Patruno, A Pellizzoni, A Petracek, V Petri, J Petrucci, PO Phlips, B Picolli, L Possenti, A Psaltis, D Rambaud, D Reig, P Remillard, R Rodriguez, J Romano, P Romanova, M Schanz, T Schmid, C Segreto, A Shearer, A Smith, A Smith, PJ Soffitta, P Stergioulas, N Stolarski, M Stuchlik, Z Tiengo, A Torres, D Torok, G Turolla, R Uttley, P Vaughan, S Vercellone, S Waters, R Watts, A Wawrzaszek, R Webb, N Wilms, J Zampieri, L Zezas, A Ziolkowski, J AF Feroci, M. Stella, L. van der Klis, M. Courvoisier, T. J. -L. Hernanz, M. Hudec, R. Santangelo, A. Walton, D. Zdziarski, A. Barret, D. Belloni, T. Braga, J. Brandt, S. Budtz-Jorgensen, C. Campana, S. den Herder, J. -W. Huovelin, J. Israel, G. L. Pohl, M. Ray, P. Vacchi, A. Zane, S. Argan, A. Attina, P. Bertuccio, G. Bozzo, E. Campana, R. Chakrabarty, D. Costa, E. De Rosa, A. Del Monte, E. Di Cosimo, S. Donnarumma, I. Evangelista, Y. Haas, D. Jonker, P. Korpela, S. Labanti, C. Malcovati, P. Mignani, R. Muleri, F. Rapisarda, M. Rashevsky, A. Rea, N. Rubini, A. Tenzer, C. Wilson-Hodge, C. Winter, B. Wood, K. Zampa, G. Zampa, N. Abramowicz, M. A. Alpar, M. A. Altamirano, D. Alvarez, J. M. Amati, L. Amoros, C. Antonelli, L. A. Artigue, R. Azzarello, P. Bachetti, M. Baldazzi, G. Barbera, M. Barbieri, C. Basa, S. Baykal, A. Belmont, R. Boirin, L. Bonvicini, V. Burderi, L. Bursa, M. Cabanac, C. Cackett, E. Caliandro, G. A. Casella, P. Chaty, S. Chenevez, J. Coe, M. J. Collura, A. Corongiu, A. Covino, S. Cusumano, G. D'Amico, F. Dall'Osso, S. De Martino, D. De Paris, G. Di Persio, G. Di Salvo, T. Done, C. Dovciak, M. Drago, A. Ertan, U. Fabiani, S. Falanga, M. Fender, R. Ferrando, P. Ferreira, D. Della Monica Fraser, G. Frontera, F. Fuschino, F. Galvez, J. L. Gandhi, P. Giommi, P. Godet, O. Gogus, E. Goldwurm, A. Goetz, D. Grassi, M. Guttridge, P. Hakala, P. Henri, G. Hermsen, W. Horak, J. Hornstrup, A. in't Zand, J. J. M. Isern, J. Kalemci, E. Kanbach, G. Karas, V. Kataria, D. Kennedy, T. Klochkov, D. Kluzniak, W. Kokkotas, K. Kreykenbohm, I. Krolik, J. Kuiper, L. Kuvvetli, I. Kylafis, N. Lattimer, J. M. Lazzarotto, F. Leahy, D. Lebrun, F. Lin, D. Lund, N. Maccarone, T. Malzac, J. Marisaldi, M. Martindale, A. Mastropietro, M. McClintock, J. McHardy, I. Mendez, M. Mereghetti, S. Miller, M. C. Mineo, T. Morelli, E. Morsink, S. Motch, C. Motta, S. Munoz-Darias, T. Naletto, G. Neustroev, V. Nevalainen, J. Olive, J. F. Orio, M. Orlandini, M. Orleanski, P. Ozel, F. Pacciani, L. Paltani, S. Papadakis, I. Papitto, A. Patruno, A. Pellizzoni, A. Petracek, V. Petri, J. Petrucci, P. O. Phlips, B. Picolli, L. Possenti, A. Psaltis, D. Rambaud, D. Reig, P. Remillard, R. Rodriguez, J. Romano, P. Romanova, M. Schanz, T. Schmid, C. Segreto, A. Shearer, A. Smith, A. Smith, P. J. Soffitta, P. Stergioulas, N. Stolarski, M. Stuchlik, Z. Tiengo, A. Torres, D. Toeroek, G. Turolla, R. Uttley, P. Vaughan, S. Vercellone, S. Waters, R. Watts, A. Wawrzaszek, R. Webb, N. Wilms, J. Zampieri, L. Zezas, A. Ziolkowski, J. TI The Large Observatory for X-ray Timing (LOFT) SO EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY LA English DT Article DE Missions; X-ray timing; compact objects; black holes; neutron stars ID SILICON DRIFT DETECTOR; BLACK-HOLE; PROPORTIONAL COUNTER; OSCILLATIONS; ALICE; CONSTRAINTS; SUPERAGILE; DISCOVERY; BINARIES; EQUATION AB High-time-resolution X-ray observations of compact objects provide direct access to strong-field gravity, to the equation of state of ultradense matter and to black hole masses and spins. A 10 m(2)-class instrument in combination with good spectral resolution is required to exploit the relevant diagnostics and answer two of the fundamental questions of the European Space Agency (ESA) Cosmic Vision Theme "Matter under extreme conditions", namely: does matter orbiting close to the event horizon follow the predictions of general relativity? What is the equation of state of matter in neutron stars? The Large Observatory For X-ray Timing (LOFT), selected by ESA as one of the four Cosmic Vision M3 candidate missions to undergo an assessment phase, will revolutionise the study of collapsed objects in our galaxy and of the brightest supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei. Thanks to an innovative design and the development of large-area monolithic silicon drift detectors, the Large Area Detector (LAD) on board LOFT will achieve an effective area of similar to 12 m(2) (more than an order of magnitude larger than any spaceborne predecessor) in the 2-30 keV range (up to 50 keV in expanded mode), yet still fits a conventional platform and small/medium-class launcher. With this large area and a spectral resolution of < 260 eV, LOFT will yield unprecedented information on strongly curved spacetimes and matter under extreme conditions of pressure and magnetic field strength. C1 [Feroci, M.; Campana, R.; Costa, E.; De Rosa, A.; Del Monte, E.; Di Cosimo, S.; Donnarumma, I.; Evangelista, Y.; Muleri, F.; Rapisarda, M.; Rubini, A.; Di Persio, G.; Fabiani, S.; Lazzarotto, F.; Mastropietro, M.; Morelli, E.; Pacciani, L.; Soffitta, P.] INAF IASF Roma, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Feroci, M.; Campana, R.; Del Monte, E.; Rapisarda, M.; Rubini, A.; Pacciani, L.] INFN Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. [Stella, L.; Israel, G. L.; Antonelli, L. A.] INAF OAR, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [van der Klis, M.; Altamirano, D.; Patruno, A.; Watts, A.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Courvoisier, T. J. -L.; Bozzo, E.; Azzarello, P.; Paltani, S.] Univ Geneva, ISDC, Geneva, Switzerland. [Hernanz, M.; Rea, N.; Altamirano, D.; Alvarez, J. M.; Caliandro, G. A.; Galvez, J. L.; Isern, J.; Torres, D.] IEEC CSIC, Barcelona, Spain. [Hudec, R.; Petracek, V.] Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. [Santangelo, A.; Tenzer, C.; Klochkov, D.; Kokkotas, K.; Schanz, T.] Univ Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. [Walton, D.; Zane, S.; Mignani, R.; Winter, B.; Guttridge, P.; Kataria, D.; Kennedy, T.; Smith, A.; Smith, P. J.] MSSL UCL, Surrey, England. [Zdziarski, A.; Kluzniak, W.; Ziolkowski, J.] Nicholas Copernicus Astron Ctr, Warsaw, Poland. [Barret, D.; Amoros, C.; Artigue, R.; Bachetti, M.; Belmont, R.; Cabanac, C.; Godet, O.; Lin, D.; Malzac, J.; Olive, J. F.; Rambaud, D.; Webb, N.] IRAP, Toulouse, France. [Belloni, T.; Campana, S.; Covino, S.; Motta, S.; Munoz-Darias, T.] INAF OA Brera, Milan, Italy. [Braga, J.; D'Amico, F.] INPE, Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil. [Brandt, S.; Budtz-Jorgensen, C.; Chenevez, J.; Ferreira, D. Della Monica; Hornstrup, A.; Kuvvetli, I.; Lund, N.] DTU Space, Copenhagen, Denmark. [den Herder, J. -W.; Haas, D.; Jonker, P.; Hermsen, W.; in't Zand, J. J. M.; Kuiper, L.; Waters, R.] SRON, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Huovelin, J.; Korpela, S.; Nevalainen, J.] Univ Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. [Pohl, M.] Univ Geneva, DPNC, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Ray, P.; Wood, K.; Phlips, B.] NRL, Washington, DC USA. [Vacchi, A.; Rashevsky, A.; Zampa, G.; Zampa, N.; Bonvicini, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. [Argan, A.; De Paris, G.] INAF Headquarters, Rome, Italy. [Attina, P.] Thales Alenia, Turin, Italy. [Bertuccio, G.] Politecn Milan, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Chakrabarty, D.; Remillard, R.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Labanti, C.; Amati, L.; Fuschino, F.; Marisaldi, M.; Orlandini, M.] INAF IASF Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Malcovati, P.; Grassi, M.; Picolli, L.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Mignani, R.] Univ Zielona Gora, Inst Astron, Geneva, Poland. [Rapisarda, M.] ENEA Frascati, Rome, Italy. [Wilson-Hodge, C.] NASA MSFC, Huntsville, AL USA. [Abramowicz, M. A.] Gothenburg Univ, Gothenburg, Sweden. [Alpar, M. A.; Ertan, U.; Gogus, E.; Kalemci, E.] Sabanci Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Baldazzi, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Barbera, M.; Collura, A.; Di Salvo, T.] Univ Palermo, Palermo, Italy. [Barbieri, C.; Naletto, G.; Turolla, R.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Basa, S.] LAM, Marseille, France. [Baykal, A.] Middle E Tech Univ, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Boirin, L.; Motch, C.; Petri, J.] Observ Astron, Strasbourg, France. [Burderi, L.] Univ Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy. [Bursa, M.; Dovciak, M.; Horak, J.; Karas, V.] Prague Astron Inst, Prague, Czech Republic. [Cackett, E.] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge, England. [Casella, P.; Coe, M. J.; Fender, R.; Maccarone, T.; McHardy, I.; Uttley, P.] Univ Southampton, Southampton SO9 5NH, Hants, England. [Chaty, S.; Ferrando, P.; Goldwurm, A.; Goetz, D.; Lebrun, F.; Rodriguez, J.] CEA Saclay, Gi Sur Yvette, France. [Corongiu, A.; Papitto, A.; Pellizzoni, A.; Possenti, A.] INAF OA Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy. [Cusumano, G.; Mineo, T.; Romano, P.; Segreto, A.; Vercellone, S.] INAF IASF Palermo, Palermo, Italy. [Dall'Osso, S.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [De Martino, D.] INAF OA Capodimonte, Naples, Italy. [Done, C.] Univ Durham, Durham, England. [Drago, A.; Frontera, F.] Univ Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Falanga, M.] ISSI Bern, Bern, Switzerland. [Fraser, G.; Martindale, A.; Vaughan, S.] Univ Leicester, Leicester, Leics, England. [Gandhi, P.] SAS JAXA, Kanagawa, Japan. [Giommi, P.] ASI, Rome, Italy. [Hakala, P.; Nevalainen, J.] Finnish Ctr Astron ESO, FINCA, Piikkio, Finland. [Henri, G.; Petrucci, P. O.] Lab Astrophys Grenoble, Grenoble, France. [Kanbach, G.] MPE, Garching, Germany. [Kreykenbohm, I.; Schmid, C.; Wilms, J.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen, Germany. [Krolik, J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Kylafis, N.; Paltani, S.; Papadakis, I.; Reig, P.; Zezas, A.] Univ Crete, Iraklion, Greece. [Lattimer, J. M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Leahy, D.] Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. [McClintock, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mendez, M.] Univ Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. [Mereghetti, S.; Tiengo, A.] INAF IASF Milano, Milan, Italy. [Miller, M. C.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Morsink, S.] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Neustroev, V.] Oulu Univ, Oulu, Finland. [Orio, M.] INAF OA Torino, Turin, Italy. [Orleanski, P.; Stolarski, M.; Wawrzaszek, R.] Polish Acad Sci, Space Res Ctr, PL-01237 Warsaw, Poland. [Ozel, F.; Psaltis, D.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. [Reig, P.] FORTH, Iraklion, Greece. [Romanova, M.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Shearer, A.] Galway Univ, Galway, Ireland. [Stergioulas, N.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Stuchlik, Z.; Toeroek, G.] Silesian Univ Opava, Opava, Czech Republic. [Torres, D.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Zampieri, L.] INAF OA Padova, Padua, Italy. RP Feroci, M (reprint author), INAF IASF Roma, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy. EM marco.feroci@iasf-roma.inaf.it; luigi.stella@oa-roma.inaf.it RI done, chris/D-4605-2016; Ferreira, Desiree/M-1666-2016; Malcovati, Piero/S-2458-2016; Naletto, Giampiero/S-6329-2016; Bursa, Michal/G-9004-2014; Orlandini, Mauro/H-3114-2014; Horak, Jiri/G-9015-2014; Hernanz, Margarita/K-1770-2014; Vacchi, Andrea/C-1291-2010; Dovciak, Michal/F-4258-2014; Shearer, Andy/N-7609-2014; Kokkotas, Kostas/B-7878-2010; Isern, Jordi/B-1844-2015; Campana, Riccardo/F-5272-2015; Neustroev, Vitaly/B-6351-2008; Rea, Nanda/I-2853-2015; Amati, Lorenzo/N-5586-2015; Zezas, Andreas/C-7543-2011; Papadakis, Iossif/C-3235-2011; Drago, Alessandro/F-6347-2012; Lazzarotto, Francesco/J-4670-2012; Baldazzi, Giuseppe/B-4112-2011; Wilms, Joern/C-8116-2013; Kylafis, Nikolaos/C-4555-2011; Schmid, Christian/H-9633-2013; Mendez, Mariano/C-8011-2012; Karas, Vladimir/C-1559-2013; Kreykenbohm, Ingo/H-9659-2013; Tecnologias espaciai, Inct/I-2415-2013; Reig, Pablo/A-1198-2014; OI Pacciani, Luigi/0000-0001-6897-5996; Segreto, Alberto/0000-0001-7341-6603; collura, alfonso/0000-0001-9534-1235; giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; Mineo, Teresa/0000-0002-4931-8445; Labanti, Claudio/0000-0002-5086-3619; Feroci, Marco/0000-0002-7617-3421; Soffitta, Paolo/0000-0002-7781-4104; Cusumano, Giancarlo/0000-0002-8151-1990; done, chris/0000-0002-1065-7239; Ferreira, Desiree/0000-0003-4003-3256; Malcovati, Piero/0000-0001-6514-9672; Naletto, Giampiero/0000-0003-2007-3138; Di Salvo, Tiziana/0000-0002-3220-6375; Corongiu, Alessandro/0000-0002-5924-3141; Israel, GianLuca/0000-0001-5480-6438; Pellizzoni, Alberto Paolo/0000-0002-4590-0040; Campana, Sergio/0000-0001-6278-1576; Orlandini, Mauro/0000-0003-0946-3151; Hernanz, Margarita/0000-0002-8651-7910; Vacchi, Andrea/0000-0003-3855-5856; Dovciak, Michal/0000-0003-0079-1239; Shearer, Andy/0000-0001-7903-0074; Kokkotas, Kostas/0000-0001-6048-2919; Isern, Jordi/0000-0002-0819-9574; Campana, Riccardo/0000-0002-4794-5453; Rea, Nanda/0000-0003-2177-6388; Amati, Lorenzo/0000-0001-5355-7388; Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X; Baldazzi, Giuseppe/0000-0002-6657-1645; Wilms, Joern/0000-0003-2065-5410; Kylafis, Nikolaos/0000-0003-0928-0996; Mendez, Mariano/0000-0003-2187-2708; Karas, Vladimir/0000-0002-5760-0459; Kreykenbohm, Ingo/0000-0001-7335-1803; Reig, Pablo/0000-0002-6446-3050; Vercellone, Stefano/0000-0003-1163-1396; Fuschino, Fabio/0000-0003-2139-3299; Lazzarotto, Francesco/0000-0003-4871-4072; Costa, Enrico/0000-0003-4925-8523; Barbera, Marco/0000-0002-3188-7420; Donnarumma, Immacolata/0000-0002-4700-4549; Marisaldi, Martino/0000-0002-4000-3789; Huovelin, Juhani/0000-0002-6276-5776; Bachetti, Matteo/0000-0002-4576-9337; Rodriguez, Jerome/0000-0002-4151-4468; Chaty, Sylvain/0000-0002-5769-8601; Tiengo, Andrea/0000-0002-6038-1090; MEREGHETTI, SANDRO/0000-0003-3259-7801; Zampieri, Luca/0000-0002-6516-1329; Casella, Piergiorgio/0000-0002-0752-3301; de Martino, Domitilla/0000-0002-5069-4202; De Rosa, Alessandra/0000-0001-5668-6863; Covino, Stefano/0000-0001-9078-5507; Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 NR 32 TC 128 Z9 128 U1 5 U2 69 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0922-6435 J9 EXP ASTRON JI Exp. Astron. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 34 IS 2 SI SI BP 415 EP 444 DI 10.1007/s10686-011-9237-2 PG 30 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 012IU UT WOS:000309230600010 ER PT J AU Xargay, E Dobrokhodov, V Kaminer, I Pascoal, AM Hovakimyan, N Cao, CY AF Xargay, Enric Dobrokhodov, Vladimir Kaminer, Isaac Pascoal, Antonio M. Hovakimyan, Naira Cao, Chengyu TI Time-Critical Cooperative Control of Multiple Autonomous Vehicles SO IEEE CONTROL SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID PATH-FOLLOWING CONTROL; INTEGER NONLINEAR PROGRAMS; UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES; L-1 ADAPTIVE-CONTROL; FLIGHT CONTROL; COORDINATION ARCHITECTURE; TRAJECTORY TRACKING; FEEDBACK CONTROLS; SYSTEM NETWORKS; AIR VEHICLES C1 [Xargay, Enric] Univ Illinois, Talbot Lab 306, Dept Aerosp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kaminer, Isaac] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Pascoal, Antonio M.] Integrated Syst Inc, Santa Clara, CA USA. [Hovakimyan, Naira; Cao, Chengyu] Virginia Tech, Dept Aerosp & Ocean Engn, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Hovakimyan, Naira] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Cao, Chengyu] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Xargay, E (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Talbot Lab 306, Dept Aerosp Engn, 104 S Wright St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM xargay@illinois.edu OI PASCOAL, ANTONIO /0000-0002-0657-6671 FU U.S. Special Operations Command; U.S. Office of Naval Research; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research; U.S. Army Research Office; European Commission; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia FX Research was supported in part by the U.S. Special Operations Command, the U.S. Office of Naval Research, the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research, the U.S. Army Research Office, the European Commission, and Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia. The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions to improve the quality of the article. NR 91 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 35 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1066-033X J9 IEEE CONTR SYST MAG JI IEEE Control Syst. Mag. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 32 IS 5 BP 49 EP 73 DI 10.1109/MCS.2012.2205477 PG 25 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA 008WS UT WOS:000308987900008 ER PT J AU Tufts, JB Palmer, JV Marshall, L AF Tufts, Jennifer B. Palmer, Jillian V. Marshall, Lynne TI Measurements of earplug attenuation under supra-aural and circumaural headphones SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hearing protection; HPD; earplugs; attenuation; fit-testing; supra-aural; circumaural; headphones; TDH AB Objective: Supra-aural audiometric headphones are generally not recommended for use in measuring the attenuation of earplugs, because contact between the headphone and pinna and/or earplug could alter the attenuation obtained, and because of concerns of non-comparability between modes of excitation from supra-aural headphones and the sound-field procedure required by the standardized method. In this study, we compared measurements of earplug attenuation obtained under Telephonics TDH-50P supra-aural headphones with measurements obtained under circumaural headphones designed expressly for such testing. Design: The attenuation of three types of earplugs (foam, premolded quadruple-flange, and custom-molded) was measured in a repeated-measures design. Study sample: The study sample comprised 42 normal-hearing adults (21 females, 21 males). Results: With the foam earplugs, nearly all of the attenuation measurements under the supra-aural headphones fell within 10 dB of the measurements under the circumaural headphones. With the flange and custom earplugs, approximately 10% of individuals obtained spuriously high attenuation under the supra-aural headphones. Conclusions: We conclude that standard supra-aural audiometric headphones are suitable for measuring the attenuation provided by foam earplugs. However, supra-aural headphones should not be used to measure the attenuation of flange or custom-molded earplugs. The potential exists for substantial over-estimation of attenuation, especially of custom plugs. C1 [Tufts, Jennifer B.; Palmer, Jillian V.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Commun Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Marshall, Lynne] USN, Submarine Med Res Lab, Groton, CT USA. RP Tufts, JB (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Commun Sci, 850 Bolton Rd,Unit 1085, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM jennifer.tufts@uconn.edu FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory work unit [50814] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory work unit 50814. The study protocol was approved by the Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory Institutional Review Board in compliance with all applicable Federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the U.S. Government. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1499-2027 J9 INT J AUDIOL JI Int. J. Audiol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 51 IS 10 BP 730 EP 738 DI 10.3109/14992027.2012.696217 PG 9 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 010NZ UT WOS:000309102500004 PM 22998413 ER PT J AU Henley, ND Tokarz, VA AF Henley, Nadine D. Tokarz, Valerie A. TI Multiple cutaneous and uterine leiomyomatosis in a 36-year-old female, and discussion of hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MUTATIONS; FAMILIES; CANCER C1 [Henley, Nadine D.; Tokarz, Valerie A.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Henley, ND (reprint author), USN, Air Facil, Branch Med Clin, 8th St,Bldg 523, El Centro, CA 92243 USA. EM nadine.henley@med.navy.mil NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0011-9059 J9 INT J DERMATOL JI Int. J. Dermatol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 51 IS 10 BP 1213 EP 1216 DI 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2011.05456.x PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 009YY UT WOS:000309062700010 PM 22994667 ER PT J AU Atkinson, MP Gutfraind, A Kress, M AF Atkinson, M. P. Gutfraind, A. Kress, M. TI When do armed revolts succeed: lessons from Lanchester theory SO JOURNAL OF THE OPERATIONAL RESEARCH SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE conflict analysis; defence studies; system dynamics; population; behaviour ID GUERRILLA WARFARE; SQUARE LAW; MODELS; ARDENNES AB Major revolts have recently erupted in parts of the Middle East with substantial international repercussions. Predicting, coping with and winning those revolts have become a grave problem for many regimes and for world powers. We propose a new model of such revolts that describes their evolution by building on the classic Lanchester theory of combat. The model accounts for the split in the population between those loyal to the regime and those favouring the rebels. We show that, contrary to classical Lanchesterian insights regarding traditional force-on-force engagements, the outcome of a revolt is independent of the initial force sizes; it only depends on the fraction of the population supporting each side and their combat effectiveness. The model's predictions are consistent with the situations currently observed in Afghanistan, Libya and Syria ( September 2011), and it points to how those situations might evolve. Journal of the Operational Research Society ( 2012) 63, 1363-1373. doi: 10.1057/jors.2011.146 Published online 21 December 2011 C1 [Gutfraind, A.] Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Computat Biol & Bioinformat, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Atkinson, M. P.; Kress, M.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Gutfraind, A (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Computat Biol & Bioinformat, 1 Univ Stn C0930, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM agutfraind.research@gmail.com NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 17 PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD PI BASINGSTOKE PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 0160-5682 J9 J OPER RES SOC JI J. Oper. Res. Soc. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 63 IS 10 BP 1363 EP 1373 DI 10.1057/jors.2011.146 PG 11 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 004IP UT WOS:000308675300004 ER PT J AU Royset, JO AF Royset, J. O. TI Optimality functions in stochastic programming SO MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMMING LA English DT Article DE Stochastic programming; Optimality conditions; Validation analysis; Algorithms ID SIMULATION-BASED OPTIMIZATION; SAMPLE AVERAGE APPROXIMATION; FAILURE PROBABILITY; DESIGN AB Optimality functions define stationarity in nonlinear programming, semi-infinite optimization, and optimal control in some sense. In this paper, we consider optimality functions for stochastic programs with nonlinear, possibly nonconvex, expected value objective and constraint functions. We show that an optimality function directly relates to the difference in function values at a candidate point and a local minimizer. We construct confidence intervals for the value of the optimality function at a candidate point and, hence, provide a quantitative measure of solution quality. Based on sample average approximations, we develop an algorithm for classes of stochastic programs that include CVaR-problems and utilize optimality functions to select sample sizes. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Royset, JO (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM joroyset@nps.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [F1ATA08337G003] FX The author acknowledges financial supported from Air Force Office of Scientific Research Young Investigator grant F1ATA08337G003 and numerical assistance from G. H. Basova, Turkish Army. NR 48 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0025-5610 J9 MATH PROGRAM JI Math. Program. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 135 IS 1-2 BP 293 EP 321 DI 10.1007/s10107-011-0453-3 PG 29 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA 003YK UT WOS:000308647100011 ER PT J AU Menon, SK Pierce, FA Rosemark, BP Oh-Ishi, K Swaminathan, S McNelley, TR AF Menon, Sarath K. Pierce, Frank A. Rosemark, Brian P. Oh-Ishi, Keiichiro Swaminathan, Srinivasan McNelley, Terry R. TI Strengthening Mechanisms in NiAl Bronze: Hot Deformation by Rolling and Friction-Stir Processing SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Hume-Rothery Symposium on Thermodynamics and Diffusion Coupling in Alloys-Application Driven Science CY FEB 27-MAR 03, 2011 CL San Diego, CA ID NICKEL-ALUMINUM BRONZE; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; MICROSTRUCTURE; ALLOYS; PHASES; SIZE AB Microstructures produced by isothermal hot rolling of a NiAl bronze material were evaluated by quantitative microscopy methods and parameters describing the contributions of precipitate dispersions, grain size, solute content, and dislocation density to the yield strengths of the individual constituents of microstructure were determined. Models for the strengths of the individual constituents were combined to predict the temperature dependence of the yield strength as a function of hot rolling temperature, and the prediction was found to be in good agreement with measured yield strengths. The models were applied to microstructures in a stir zone produced by multipass friction-stir processing (FSP) and, again, found to predict measured yield strengths with high accuracy. Such models may aid in assessing the role of microstructure gradients produced during FSP and other processes. C1 [Menon, Sarath K.; Pierce, Frank A.; Rosemark, Brian P.; McNelley, Terry R.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Oh-Ishi, Keiichiro] Nagaoka Univ Technol, Nagaoka, Niigata 9402188, Japan. [Swaminathan, Srinivasan] Gen Elect Global Res, Bangalore 560066, Karnataka, India. RP Menon, SK (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, 700 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM tmcnelley@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N0001407WR20053]; U.S. National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship program FX The authors acknowledge support for this work under funding document N0001407WR20053 from the Office of Naval Research (ONR), with Dr. William Mullins as program monitor. S. S. acknowledges the support of the U.S. National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship program. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 EI 1543-1940 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 43A IS 10 BP 3687 EP 3702 DI 10.1007/s11661-012-1181-x PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 997ST UT WOS:000308187100031 ER PT J AU Gabersek, S Giraldo, FX Doyle, JD AF Gabersek, Sasa Giraldo, Francis X. Doyle, James D. TI Dry and Moist Idealized Experiments with a Two-Dimensional Spectral Element Model SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; SHALLOW-WATER EQUATIONS; LIVED SQUALL LINES; ATMOSPHERIC MODEL; SIMULATION; RESOLUTION; FORMULATIONS; VERSION; SYSTEM; TESTS AB A nonhydrostatic, fully compressible spectral element (SE) model is evaluated in a series of two-dimensional idealized simulations. A dry formulation of the model is evaluated for a linear hydrostatic mountain-wave case, and a version with moisture is tested for a squall line. In the SE method, two setup parameters control the spatial resolution: the number of elements (h) and the polynomial order (p) of the basis functions. In this paper, the h=p parameter space is systematically explored, with the average horizontal resolution (Delta x) varying from 0.2 to 10 km in 91 simulations. The dry experiments are evaluated using an analytic solution. The ratio of Delta x/a < 0.2, where a is the mountain half-width, is sufficient to accurately resolve the mountain wave. Accuracy. computational cost, and convergence to the analytic solution are evaluated and compared to a second-order finite-difference (FD) model. The increase in computational cost by refining the spatial resolution yields a significant accuracy gain for the SE, with only a marginal improvement for the FD model. The squall line is evaluated across the control parameter space by assessing three integrated quantities: total precipitation accumulation, maximum vertical velocity, and maximum precipitation rate. The squall line is adequately resolved with Delta x < 2 km and p > 5. There is little variation in metrics due to the varying nodal spacing within an element at the same average Delta x. When the spatial resolution is refined, the analyzed metrics no longer converge. The nonlinear nature of moist convection is responsible for this resolution dependence as a result of localized buoyancy sources, evident in the vertical velocity spectrum. C1 [Gabersek, Sasa; Doyle, James D.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Giraldo, Francis X.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Gabersek, S (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM sasa.gabersek@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [0602435N] FX Support from the Office of Naval Research (Program Element 0602435N) is gratefully acknowledged. The Department of Defense High-Performance Computing program, which provided access for some of our computational resources, is acknowledged as well. Comments from anonymous reviewers helped to improve the overall quality of the manuscript. NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 140 IS 10 BP 3163 EP 3182 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-11-00144.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 013PQ UT WOS:000309317700003 ER PT J AU Bao, JW Gopalakrishnan, SG Michelson, SA Marks, FD Montgomery, MT AF Bao, J. -W. Gopalakrishnan, S. G. Michelson, S. A. Marks, F. D. Montgomery, M. T. TI Impact of Physics Representations in the HWRFX on Simulated Hurricane Structure and Pressure-Wind Relationships SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL-CYCLONE INTENSIFICATION; INNER-CORE SIZE; BOUNDARY-LAYER; DRAG COEFFICIENT; NUMERICAL-MODEL; ANDREW 1992; PART II; SENSITIVITY; MICROPHYSICS; INTENSITY AB A series of idealized experiments with the NOAA Experimental Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting Model (HWRFX) are performed to examine the sensitivity of idealized tropical cyclone (TC) intensification to various parameterization schemes of the boundary layer (BL), subgrid convection, cloud microphysics, and radiation. Results from all the experiments are compared in terms of the maximum surface 10-m wind (VMAX) and minimum sea level pressure (PMIN)-operational metrics of TC intensity-as well as the azimuthally averaged temporal and spatial structure of the tangential wind and its material acceleration. The conventional metrics of TC intensity (VMAX and PMIN) are found to be insufficient to reveal the sensitivity of the simulated TC to variations in model physics. Comparisons of the sensitivity runs indicate that (i) different boundary layer physics parameterization schemes for vertical subgrid turbulence mixing lead to differences not only in the intensity evolution in terms of VMAX and PMIN, but also in the structural characteristics of the simulated tropical cyclone; (ii) the surface drag coefficient is a key parameter that controls the VMAX PMIN relationship near the surface; and (iii) different microphysics and subgrid convection parameterization schemes, because of their different realizations of diabatic heating distribution, lead to significant variations in the vortex structure. The quantitative aspects of these results indicate that the current uncertainties in the BL mixing, surface drag, and microphysics parameterization schemes have comparable impacts on the intensity and structure of simulated TCs. The results also indicate that there is a need to include structural parameters in the HWRFX evaluation. C1 [Michelson, S. A.] Univ Colorado, NOAA ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Gopalakrishnan, S. G.; Marks, F. D.; Montgomery, M. T.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Michelson, S. A.] Univ Colorado, CIRES Climate Diagnost Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Montgomery, M. T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Bao, JW (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NOAA ESRL, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM jian-wen.bao@noaa.gov RI Marks, Frank/A-5733-2011; Gopalakrishnan , Sundararaman /I-5773-2013 OI Marks, Frank/0000-0003-0371-5514; Gopalakrishnan , Sundararaman /0000-0003-1384-7860 FU Hurricane Forecasting Improvement Project of NOAA FX This work is supported by the Hurricane Forecasting Improvement Project of NOAA. We thank Yuqing Wang and an anonymous reviewer for their careful reviews of this work and constructive comments. NR 58 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 140 IS 10 BP 3278 EP 3299 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-11-00332.1 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 013PQ UT WOS:000309317700010 ER PT J AU Gizis, JE Faherty, JK Liu, MC Castro, PJ Shaw, JD Vrba, FJ Harris, HC Aller, KM Deacon, NR AF Gizis, John E. Faherty, Jacqueline K. Liu, Michael C. Castro, Philip J. Shaw, John D. Vrba, Frederick J. Harris, Hugh C. Aller, Kimberly M. Deacon, Niall R. TI DISCOVERY OF AN UNUSUALLY RED L-TYPE BROWN DWARF SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE brown dwarfs; infrared: stars; proper motions; stars: individual (WISEP J004701.06+680352.1) ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; INFRARED-SURVEY-EXPLORER; BLUE L DWARF; PICTORIS MOVING GROUP; PROPER-MOTION SURVEY; PECULIAR L DWARFS; FIELD L-DWARFS; LOW-MASS STARS; T-DWARFS; ULTRACOOL DWARFS AB We report the discovery of an unusually red brown dwarf found in a search for high proper motion objects using WISE and 2MASS data. WISEP J004701.06+680352.1 is moving at 0 ''.44 yr(-1) and lies relatively close to the Galactic plane (b = 5 degrees.2). Near-infrared photometry and spectroscopy reveals that this is one of the reddest (2MASS J - K-s = 2.55 +/- 0.08 mag) field L dwarfs yet detected, making this object an important member of the class of unusually red L dwarfs. We discuss evidence for thick condensate clouds and speculate on the age of the object. Although models by different research groups agree that thick clouds can explain the red spectrum, they predict dramatically different effective temperatures, ranging from 1100 K to 1600 K. This brown dwarf is well suited for additional studies of extremely dusty substellar atmospheres because it is relatively bright (K-s = 13.05 +/- 0.03 mag), which should also contribute to an improved understanding of young gas-giant planets and the transition between L and T brown dwarfs. C1 [Gizis, John E.; Castro, Philip J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Faherty, Jacqueline K.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Las Condes, Chile. [Faherty, Jacqueline K.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Astrophys, New York, NY 10034 USA. [Liu, Michael C.; Aller, Kimberly M.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Shaw, John D.] W Chester Univ, Dept Phys, W Chester, PA 19383 USA. [Vrba, Frederick J.; Harris, Hugh C.] USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Deacon, Niall R.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Gizis, JE (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. OI Gizis, John/0000-0002-8916-1972 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; NASA; National Geographic Society; National Science Foundation; Sloan Foundation; Samuel Oschin Foundation; Eastman Kodak Corporation; University of Hawaii [NNX-08AE38A]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Science Mission Directorate, Planetary Astronomy Program FX This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the NASA/ IPAC Infrared Science Archive, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. This research has made use of the VizieR catalog access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. The Digitized Sky Surveys were produced at the Space Telescope Science Institute under U.S. Government grant NAG W-2166. The images of these surveys are based on photographic data obtained using the Oschin Schmidt Telescope on Palomar Mountain and the UK Schmidt Telescope. The plates were processed into the present compressed digital form with the permission of these institutions. The National Geographic Society-Palomar Observatory Sky Atlas (POSS-I) was made by the California Institute of Technology with grants from the National Geographic Society. The Second Palomar Observatory Sky Survey (POSS-II) was made by the California Institute of Technology with funds from the National Science Foundation, the National Geographic Society, the Sloan Foundation, the Samuel Oschin Foundation, and the Eastman Kodak Corporation. This research made use of APLpy, an open-source plotting package for Python hosted at http://aplpy.github.com. This research has benefited from the M, L, and T dwarf compendium housed at DwarfArchives.org (http://spider.ipac.caltech.edu/staff/davy/ARCHIVE/index.shtml) and maintained by Chris Gelino, Davy Kirkpatrick, and Adam Burgasser. This research has benefited from the SpeX Prism Spectral Libraries, maintained by Adam Burgasser at http://www.browndwarfs.org/spexprism.; Visiting Astronomer at the Infrared Telescope Facility, which is operated by the University of Hawaii under Cooperative Agreement No. NNX-08AE38A with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Science Mission Directorate, Planetary Astronomy Program. NR 85 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 144 IS 4 AR 94 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/144/4/94 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 007WO UT WOS:000308919300004 ER PT J AU Axelsson, M Baldini, L Barbiellini, G Baring, MG Bellazzini, R Bregeon, J Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Cecchi, C Chaves, RCG Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Claus, R Conrad, J Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Palma, F Dermer, CD Silva, EDE Drell, PS Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Focke, WB Fukazawa, Y Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giglietto, N Giroletti, M Godfrey, G Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Hanabata, Y Hayashida, M Hou, X Iyyani, S Jackson, MS Kocevski, D Kuss, M Larsson, J Larsson, S Longo, F Loparco, F Lundman, C Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Mizuno, T Monzani, ME Moretti, E Morselli, A Murgia, S Nuss, E Nymark, T Ohno, M Omodei, N Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pivato, G Racusin, JL Raino, S Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Roth, M Ryde, F Sanchez, DA Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Spandre, G Spinelli, P Stamatikos, M Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vitale, V Waite, AP Winer, BL Wood, KS Burgess, JM Bhat, PN Bissaldi, E Briggs, MS Connaughton, V Fishman, G Fitzpatrick, G Foley, S Gruber, D Kippen, RM Kouveliotou, C Jenke, P McBreen, S McGlynn, S Meegan, C Paciesas, WS Pelassa, V Preece, R Tierney, D von Kienlin, A Wilson-Hodge, C Xiong, S Pe'er, A AF Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. G. Bellazzini, R. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Cecchi, C. Chaves, R. C. G. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Claus, R. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Focke, W. B. Fukazawa, Y. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giroletti, M. Godfrey, G. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Hanabata, Y. Hayashida, M. Hou, X. Iyyani, S. Jackson, M. S. Kocevski, D. Kuss, M. Larsson, J. Larsson, S. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lundman, C. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Mizuno, T. Monzani, M. E. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Murgia, S. Nuss, E. Nymark, T. Ohno, M. Omodei, N. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Racusin, J. L. Raino, S. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sanchez, D. A. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stamatikos, M. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Burgess, J. M. Bhat, P. N. Bissaldi, E. Briggs, M. S. Connaughton, V. Fishman, G. Fitzpatrick, G. Foley, S. Gruber, D. Kippen, R. M. Kouveliotou, C. Jenke, P. McBreen, S. McGlynn, S. Meegan, C. Paciesas, W. S. Pelassa, V. Preece, R. Tierney, D. von Kienlin, A. Wilson-Hodge, C. Xiong, S. Pe'er, A. TI GRB110721A: AN EXTREME PEAK ENERGY AND SIGNATURES OF THE PHOTOSPHERE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE gamma-ray burst: general; gamma-ray burst: individual (GRB110721A); radiation mechanisms: thermal ID GAMMA-RAY-BURSTS; NONTHERMAL EMISSION; SPECTRAL COMPONENT; PROMPT EMISSION; GRB090902B; MONITOR; PULSES AB GRB110721A was observed by the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope using its two instruments, the Large Area Telescope (LAT) and the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM). The burst consisted of one major emission episode which lasted for similar to 24.5 s (in the GBM) and had a peak flux of (5.7 +/- 0.2) x 10(-5) erg s(-1) cm(-2). The time-resolved emission spectrum is best modeled with a combination of a Band function and a blackbody spectrum. The peak energy of the Band component was initially 15 +/- 2 MeV, which is the highest value ever detected in a GRB. This measurement was made possible by combining GBM/BGO data with LAT Low Energy events to achieve continuous 10-100 MeV coverage. The peak energy later decreased as a power law in time with an index of -1.89 +/- 0.10. The temperature of the blackbody component also decreased, starting from similar to 80 keV, and the decay showed a significant break after similar to 2 s. The spectrum provides strong constraints on the standard synchrotron model, indicating that alternative mechanisms may give rise to the emission at these energies. C1 [Axelsson, M.; Iyyani, S.; Jackson, M. S.; Lundman, C.; Moretti, E.; Nymark, T.; Ryde, F.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Larsson, J.; Larsson, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; Iyyani, S.; Jackson, M. S.; Larsson, J.; Larsson, S.; Lundman, C.; Moretti, E.; Nymark, T.; Ryde, F.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.; Tinivella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.] IN2P3, CNRS, Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, Palaiseau, France. [Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Kocevski, D.; Monzani, M. E.; Murgia, S.; Omodei, N.; Reimer, A.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Kocevski, D.; Monzani, M. E.; Murgia, S.; Omodei, N.; Reimer, A.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Caliandro, G. A.; Hadasch, D.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEE CSIC, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; D'Ammando, F.; Germani, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Chaves, R. C. G.] Univ Paris Diderot, Serv Astrophys, CEA Saclay, Lab AIM,CEA,IRFU,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Chekhtman, A.; Razzaque, S.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Conrad, J.; Iyyani, S.; Larsson, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] IASF Palermo, I-90146 Palermo, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Dermer, C. D.; Racusin, J. L.; Stamatikos, M.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ferrara, E. C.; Gehrels, N.; Guiriec, S.; McEnery, J. E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Giroletti, M.; Jenke, P.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Hayashida, M.] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Hou, X.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mizuno, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, Montpellier, France. [Ohno, M.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Pivato, G.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Razzano, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Razzano, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Reimer, A.; Bissaldi, E.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Bissaldi, E.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sanchez, D. A.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Stamatikos, M.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Burgess, J. M.; Bhat, P. N.; Briggs, M. S.; Connaughton, V.; Pelassa, V.; Preece, R.; Xiong, S.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Fishman, G.; Kouveliotou, C.; Jenke, P.; Wilson-Hodge, C.] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Fitzpatrick, G.; Foley, S.; McBreen, S.; Tierney, D.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Foley, S.; Gruber, D.; McBreen, S.; von Kienlin, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Kippen, R. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [McGlynn, S.] Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Meegan, C.; Paciesas, W. S.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Pe'er, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Axelsson, M (reprint author), Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. EM magnusa@astro.su.se; josefin.larsson@astro.su.se; moretti@particle.kth.se; felix@particle.kth.se; james.m.burgess@nasa.gov RI Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Racusin, Judith/D-2935-2012; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Iyyani, Shabnam/D-8736-2017; OI Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Burgess, James/0000-0003-3345-9515; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; /0000-0003-0065-2933; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Moretti, Elena/0000-0001-5477-9097; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Iyyani, Shabnam/0000-0002-2525-3464; Preece, Robert/0000-0003-1626-7335; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018 FU K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; NASA, United States; DOE, United States; CEA/Irfu, France; IN2P3/CNRS, France; ASI, Italy; INFN, Italy; MEXT, Japan; KEK, Japan; JAXA, Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; Swedish Research Council, Sweden [623-2009-691]; SNSB, Sweden; BMWi/DLR in Germany; Carl Tryggers Stiftelse for Vetenskaplig Forskning FX Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research Fellow, funded by a grant from the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation.; The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges support from a number of agencies and institutes for both development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include NASA and DOE in the United States, CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS in France, ASI and INFN in Italy, MEXT, KEK, and JAXA in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council (623-2009-691), and the SNSB in Sweden. Additional support from INAF in Italy and CNES in France for science analysis during the operations phase is also gratefully acknowledged. The Fermi GBM Collaboration acknowledges support for GBM development, operations, and data analysis from NASA in the US and BMWi/DLR in Germany. E. M. is supported by Carl Tryggers Stiftelse for Vetenskaplig Forskning. NR 26 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 757 IS 2 AR L31 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/757/2/L31 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 007XM UT WOS:000308921700012 ER PT J AU McAdams, PD Jordan, GH AF McAdams, Paul D. Jordan, Gerald H. TI Re: Long-term Results of Small Intestinal Submucosa Graft in Bulbar Urethral Reconstruction SO EUROPEAN UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [McAdams, Paul D.] USN, Dept Urol, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Jordan, Gerald H.] Eastern Virginia Med Sch, Dept Urol, Norfolk, VA 23501 USA. RP McAdams, PD (reprint author), USN, Dept Urol, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. EM Paul.McAdams@med.navy.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0302-2838 J9 EUR UROL JI Eur. Urol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 62 IS 4 BP 728 EP 728 DI 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.07.016 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 002UX UT WOS:000308563100032 PM 22939419 ER PT J AU Johnson, MD Schlett, CD Grandits, GA Mende, K Whitman, TJ Tribble, DR Hospenthal, DR Murray, PR AF Johnson, Mark D. Schlett, Carey D. Grandits, Greg A. Mende, Katrin Whitman, Timothy J. Tribble, David R. Hospenthal, Duane R. Murray, Patrick R. TI Chlorhexidine Does Not Select for Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in a Community Setting SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID DOUBLE-BLIND; INFECTION; MUPIROCIN; TRIAL C1 [Whitman, Timothy J.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Div Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Johnson, Mark D.] USN, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Schlett, Carey D.; Mende, Katrin; Tribble, David R.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Grandits, Greg A.] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Mende, Katrin; Hospenthal, Duane R.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Murray, Patrick R.] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Whitman, TJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Div Infect Dis, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM timothy.whitman@med.navy.mil FU NIAID NIH HHS [Y1-AI-5072] NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 33 IS 10 BP 1061 EP 1063 DI 10.1086/667744 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 004RR UT WOS:000308699300019 PM 22961032 ER PT J AU Davis, MC Guenthner, AJ Groshens, TJ Reams, JT Mabry, JM AF Davis, Matthew C. Guenthner, Andrew J. Groshens, Thomas J. Reams, Josiah T. Mabry, Joseph M. TI Polycyanurate networks from anethole dimers: Synthesis and characterization SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE anethole; curing of polymers; cyanate ester; high performance; high temperature materials; molding; polyphenol; renewable resources; synthesis; thermal properties; thermosets ID RENEWABLE RESOURCES; ABSORPTION; CHEMISTRY; POLYMERS; ILLICIUM; DENSITY; ESTERS; RESINS AB Novel biorenewable bisphenols are obtained through simple and rapid chemical transformation of the natural product trans-anethole. The corresponding dicyanate esters are thermally cured to give polycyanurate networks. The thermal properties from differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric, and dynamic thermomechanical analyses of the new dicyanate esters compare favorably with similar commercial products. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012 C1 [Davis, Matthew C.; Groshens, Thomas J.] USN, Chem & Mat Div, Michelson Lab, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Reams, Josiah T.] USAF, Natl Res Council, Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. RP Davis, MC (reprint author), USN, Chem & Mat Div, Michelson Lab, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM matthew.davis@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program; National Research Council FX Financial support from the Office of Naval Research, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, and the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program are gratefully acknowledged. Support from the National Research Council's Research Associateship Program (J. T. R.) is also acknowledged. Thanks to Ann M. Moorehead and Cynthia M. Kitchens of the NAWC Technical Library (China Lake) for obtaining several of the references. NR 41 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-624X J9 J POLYM SCI POL CHEM JI J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 50 IS 19 BP 4127 EP 4136 DI 10.1002/pola.26218 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 996MS UT WOS:000308093900024 ER PT J AU Agassi, YD Oates, DE Moeckly, BH AF Agassi, Y. D. Oates, D. E. Moeckly, B. H. TI Measurement and modeling of the low-temperature penetration-depth anomaly in high-quality MgB2 thin films SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Magnesium diboride; Energy-gap symmetry; Penetration depth; Surface impedance; MgB2 thin films ID D-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTORS; ANDREEV BOUND-STATES; HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; TUNNELING SPECTROSCOPY; C SUPERCONDUCTORS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SURFACE-STATES; DEPENDENCE; INTERMODULATION; SYMMETRY AB Based on our measurements of intermodulation distortion in MgB2, we have previously proposed that the pi energy-gap in MgB2 entails six nodal lines [Y.D. Agassi, D. E. Oates, and B. H. Moeckly, Phys. Rev. B 80 (2009) 174522]. Here we report high-precision measurements in MgB2 stripline resonators that show an increase of the penetration depth as the temperature is decreased below 5 K. This increase is consistent with the l = 6 symmetry of the pi energy gap that we have proposed. We interpret the increase as a manifestation of Andreev surface-attached states that are associated with the nodal lines of the pi energy gap. Penetration-depth calculations are in good agreement with our data. To reconcile the present interpretation with existing literature, we review other penetration-depth data, magnetic-impurity and tunneling experiments, and data on the paramagnetic Meissner effect. We conclude that these data do not rule out the interpretation of our experimental data based on a nodal pi energy gap. (C) 2012 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Oates, D. E.] MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. [Agassi, Y. D.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Moeckly, B. H.] STI Inc, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 USA. RP Oates, DE (reprint author), MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. EM OATES@LL.MIT.EDU FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 89 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 EI 1873-2143 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT PY 2012 VL 480 BP 79 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2012.04.034 PG 15 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 003EV UT WOS:000308591900016 ER PT J AU Sandu, V Cimpoiasu, E Aldica, G Popa, S Sandu, E St Vasile, B Hurduc, N Nor, I AF Sandu, V. Cimpoiasu, E. Aldica, G. Popa, S. Sandu, E. St Vasile, B. Hurduc, N. Nor, I. TI Use of preceramic polymers for magnesium diboride composites SO PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE MgB2; Critical current; Carbon doping; Spark plasma sintering; Pyrolysis; Polysiloxane copolymer ID CRITICAL-CURRENT-DENSITY; SILICON OXYCARBIDE GLASSES; UPPER CRITICAL-FIELD; MGB2 SUPERCONDUCTOR; CARBON NANOTUBE; CERAMICS; TAPES; B4C; ENHANCEMENT; STABILITY AB We used preceramic polysiloxane polymers to fabricate superconducting MgB2 composites that are doped with carbon and nanosized inclusions to improve the pinning properties. The polysiloxanes were prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization and the composites were fabricated by the short time spark plasma sintering method. We found that the superconducting critical temperatures were higher than expected from the carbon content found from the X-ray diffraction analysis of the (110) peak of MgB2. To explain this finding we propose that the grains are unevenly doped, with a core-shell distribution. We also found that both, the upper critical fields and the critical current densities are higher in the preceramic-doped samples than in pure MgB2, in agreement with the carbon doping level. When ferrocene-grafted polysiloxane is used, the upper critical field is the largest, while the critical current density is the lowest. We attribute this fact to the fact that the polymer pyrolysis results in iron-based nanostructures which have a pair breaking effect. (C) 2012 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sandu, V.; Aldica, G.; Popa, S.] Natl Inst Mat Phys Bucharest, Dept Magnetism & Superconduct, Magurele 077125, Romania. [Cimpoiasu, E.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Sandu, E.] Horia Hulubei Natl Inst Nucl Phys & Engn, Magurele 077125, Romania. [St Vasile, B.] Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Dept Sci & Engn Oxide Mat & Nanomat, Fac Appl Chem & Mat Sci, Bucharest, Romania. [Hurduc, N.; Nor, I.] Gheorghe Asachi Tech Univ, Dept Nat & Synthet Polymers, Iasi 700050, Romania. RP Sandu, V (reprint author), Natl Inst Mat Phys Bucharest, Dept Magnetism & Superconduct, Magurele 077125, Romania. EM vsandu@infim.ro RI Hurduc, Nicolae/C-3526-2011; ALDICA, GHEORGHE/C-2165-2011 OI Hurduc, Nicolae/0000-0002-0421-6939; ALDICA, GHEORGHE/0000-0002-3131-7698 FU Romanian NASR [PII-72-151/2008]; US Naval Academy Research Office at USNA FX The research was supported by the Romanian NASR under the Grants PII-72-151/2008 and by the US Naval Academy Research Office at USNA. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT PY 2012 VL 480 BP 102 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.physc.2012.03.052 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 003EV UT WOS:000308591900019 ER PT J AU Connor, P Porter, CK Swierczewski, B Riddle, MS AF Connor, Patrick Porter, Chad K. Swierczewski, Brett Riddle, Mark S. TI Diarrhoea during military deployment: current concepts and future directions SO CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review DE diagnostics; epidemiology; irritable bowel syndrome; military; travellers' diarrhoea ID IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME; FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS; PREVENT TRAVELERS DIARRHEA; DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL; REAL-TIME PCR; US MILITARY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GASTROENTERITIS OUTBREAK; ENTAMOEBA-HISTOLYTICA; INFECTIOUS DIARRHEA AB Purpose of review Diarrhoea among military travellers deployed globally in conflict and peacekeeping activities remains one of the most important health threats. Here we review recent advances in our understanding of the epidemiology, laboratory identification, treatment and chronic health consequences of this multi-cause infection, and consider the implications for public health management and future research. Recent findings The incidence of diarrhoea among deployed military personnel from industrialized countries to lesser developed countries is approximately 30% per month overall, with clinical incidence between 5 and 7% per 100 person-months. The risk appears to be higher early during deployment and is associated with poor hygienic conditions and contaminated food sources. Gaps remain in our understanding of the cause, given the lack of laboratory capability in austere conditions of deployment; however, recent advances in molecular methods of characterization hold promise in improving our detection capabilities. While there have been improvements in understanding of best treatments, more work needs to be done in transforming this knowledge into action and optimizing single-dose antibiotic treatment regimens. Finally, the under recognized burden of chronic consequences of these infections is gaining awareness and reinforces the need to find effective preventive strategies. Summary Our understanding of the epidemiology of diarrhoea is improving but further research is needed to fully account for acute operational-focused health impacts as well as the chronic enduring disease impacts. Improved field diagnostics would be of great value to support these efforts. C1 [Connor, Patrick] Royal Ctr Def Med, Dept Mil Med, Mil Enter Dis Grp, Birmingham B15 2SQ, W Midlands, England. [Porter, Chad K.; Riddle, Mark S.] USN, Enter Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Swierczewski, Brett] US Army Res Unit Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Connor, P (reprint author), Royal Ctr Def Med, Dept Mil Med, Mil Enter Dis Grp, Birmingham B15 2SQ, W Midlands, England. EM pconnor@doctors.org.uk NR 75 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 13 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0951-7375 J9 CURR OPIN INFECT DIS JI Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 25 IS 5 BP 546 EP 554 DI 10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283582ebc PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 001OQ UT WOS:000308470400010 PM 22907281 ER PT J AU Wang, C Wang, N Yang, JQ AF Wang, Chong Wang, Neng Yang, Jinqiang TI A unified model of entrepreneurship dynamics SO JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Idiosyncratic risk premium; q theory of investment; Liquidity constraints; Precautionary saving; Capital illiquidity ID LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS; NONDIVERSIFIABLE RISK; CORPORATE-INVESTMENT; INCOMPLETE MARKETS; CAPITAL STRUCTURE; PORTFOLIO CHOICE; PRIVATE EQUITY; LABOR INCOME; CONSUMPTION; RETURNS AB We develop an incomplete-markets q-theoretic model to study entrepreneurship dynamics. Precautionary motive, borrowing constraints, and capital illiquidity lead to underinvestment, conservative debt use, under-consumption, and less risky portfolio allocation. The endogenous liquid wealth-illiquid capital ratio w measures time-varying financial constraint. The option to accumulate wealth before entry is critical for entrepreneurship. Flexible exit option is important for risk management purposes. Investment increases and the private marginal value of liquidity decreases as w decreases and exit becomes more likely, contrary to predictions of standard financial constraint models. We show that the idiosyncratic risk premium is quantitatively significant, especially for low w. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Neng] Columbia Univ, Columbia Business Sch, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Wang, Chong] USN, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Wang, Neng] Natl Bur Econ Res, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Yang, Jinqiang] Shanghai Univ Finance & Econ, Sch Finance, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. RP Wang, N (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Columbia Business Sch, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM neng.wang@columbia.edu NR 61 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0304-405X J9 J FINANC ECON JI J. Financ. Econ. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 106 IS 1 BP 1 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.jfineco.2012.05.002 PG 23 WC Business, Finance; Economics SC Business & Economics GA 998XU UT WOS:000308274500001 ER PT J AU Uthus, DC Riddle, PJ Guesgen, HW AF Uthus, David C. Riddle, Patricia J. Guesgen, Hans W. TI Solving the traveling tournament problem with iterative-deepening A(au) SO JOURNAL OF SCHEDULING LA English DT Article DE Sports scheduling; Traveling tournament problem; Heuristic search; Iterative-deepening A* ID SEARCH AB This work presents an iterative-deepening A(au) (IDA(au)) based approach to the traveling tournament problem (TTP). The TTP is a combinatorial optimization problem which abstracts the Major League Baseball schedule. IDA(au) is able to find optimal solutions to this problem, with performance improvements coming from the incorporation of various past concepts including disjoint pattern databases, symmetry breaking, and parallelization along with new ideas of subtree skipping, forced deepening, and elite paths to help to reduce the search space. The results of this work show that an IDA(au) based approach can find known optimal solutions to most TTP instances much faster than past approaches. More importantly, it has been able to optimally solve two larger instances that have been unsolved since the problem's introduction in 2001. In addition, a new problem set called GALAXY is introduced, using a 3D space to create a challenging problem set. C1 [Uthus, David C.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Riddle, Patricia J.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Guesgen, Hans W.] Massey Univ, Palmerston North, New Zealand. RP Uthus, DC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.uthus.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; pat@cs.auckland.ac.nz; h.w.guesgen@massey.ac.nz NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1094-6136 J9 J SCHEDULING JI J. Sched. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 15 IS 5 BP 601 EP 614 DI 10.1007/s10951-011-0237-x PG 14 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 998MD UT WOS:000308242600006 ER PT J AU Bergerson, J AF Bergerson, Joseph TI Importance of Screening for Cancer Beyond the Colon in HNPCC SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bergerson, Joseph] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0002-9270 EI 1572-0241 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 107 SU 1 MA 874 BP S359 EP S359 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA V30UA UT WOS:000208839701311 ER PT J AU Hahn, J Tsai, C Gentry, A Smith, J Schafer, T AF Hahn, Jisun Tsai, Catherine Gentry, Andrew Smith, John Schafer, Theodore TI Role of Capsule Study in Evaluation of Irritable Bowel Syndrome SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hahn, Jisun; Gentry, Andrew] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Schafer, Theodore] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, San Diego, CA USA. [Smith, John] Digest & Liver Dis Specialists Norfolk VA, Norfolk, VA USA. [Tsai, Catherine] Virginia Phys, Glen Allen, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0002-9270 EI 1572-0241 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 107 SU 1 MA 279 BP S121 EP S121 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA V30UA UT WOS:000208839700280 ER PT J AU Momen, N Strychacz, CP Viirre, E AF Momen, Nausheen Strychacz, Chris P. Viirre, Erik TI Perceived Stigma and Barriers to Mental Health Care in Marines Attending the Combat Operational Stress Control Program SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The Department of Defense is aggressively addressing combat stress reactions (CSRs) through comprehensive Combat/Operational Stress Control (COSC) briefings/programs and referral resources for the prevention, identification, and treatment of stress reactions. The purpose of this study was to develop and administer a survey to assess perceptions of CSRs and barriers to care which affect help-seeking behavior in Marines attending the COSC program. A sample of 553 U.S. Marine Corps Officers and Enlisted personnel from Air (44%), Logistics (38%), and Infantry (18%) communities were recruited for the survey. The results suggested that misconceptions and stigma about CSRs still persist in Marines. The findings reinforced the need to facilitate treatment utilizatiori by focusing on mental health-related stigma as well as organizational barriers. C1 [Momen, Nausheen; Strychacz, Chris P.; Viirre, Erik] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Momen, N (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 177 IS 10 BP 1143 EP 1148 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA V33OE UT WOS:000209027300009 PM 23113439 ER PT J AU Adams, IS Bettenhausen, MH AF Adams, I. S. Bettenhausen, M. H. TI The scattering properties of horizontally aligned snow crystals and crystal approximations at millimeter wavelengths SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB The capability of current and future sensors to make accurate measurements of polarized microwave radiation allows for the investigation of particle shape and orientation. Additionally, the dichroic properties of media consisting of particles with preferential alignment will alter the polarization state of radiation emitted and reflected by the surface below a cloud boundary. Therefore, a deep understanding of the influence of particle orientation and shape upon radiation are required for remote sensing of both cloud and surface properties. In this study, we compute the scattering properties of three horizontally aligned snow crystals: two dendrites and an hexagonal plate. Additionally, we create two approximations using cylindrical plates. One uses a plate with a diameter equal to the maximum dimension of the respective snow crystal, utilizing an effective dielectric model which assumes the disk to be a matrix of ice with air inclusions. The other approximation uses a cylindrical plate of equal mass, with a radius chosen to conserve mass. To simplify the analysis, all particles have equal thickness. The results show a strong polarization response, particularly in the Q element of the Stokes vector. This polarization response is captured well by the two approximations. While the approximations are applicable for certain cases, there are discrepancies between the scattering properties of the idealized snow crystals and the two cylindrical plate models that may limit the generality of the approximations. Further radiative transfer studies are required to test the full applicability of the crystal approximations. C1 [Adams, I. S.; Bettenhausen, M. H.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7223,Bldg 2-215E,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Adams, IS (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7223,Bldg 2-215E,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ian.adams@nrl.navy.mil NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 EI 1944-799X J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 47 IS 5 AR RS5007 DI 10.1029/2012RS005015 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA V46JL UT WOS:000209880400001 ER PT J AU Oh, DK Bang, SY Choi, BG Maneeratanasarn, P Lee, SK Chung, JH Freitas, JA Shim, KB AF Oh, Dong Keun Bang, Sin Young Choi, Bong Geun Maneeratanasarn, P. Lee, Seong Kuk Chung, Jin Hyun Freitas, Jaime A., Jr. Shim, Kwang Bo TI Surface morphology and optical property of thermally annealed GaN substrates SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE Diamond mechanical polishing; Chemical mechanical polishing; Thermal annealing; Hydride vapor phase epitaxy; Gallium nitride ID BULK; GROWTH; NITRIDE; HVPE; DEVICES AB Boule of GaN crystal was grown with 50 mm diameter and 3 mm thickness by hydride vapor phase epitaxy and cut using a wire saw to produce freestanding wafers. These were, mechanically polished with diamond slurry and followed with chemical mechanical polishing for final surface preparation. Surface morphology was examined by non-contact mode atomic force microscopy before and after thermal annealing process performed at 700, 800, 900, and 1000 degrees C for 1 h, in air. Wafers with optimum surface quality submitted to thermal annealing treatment at 900 degrees C were characterized by reduced scratched density and residual stress, and surface roughness of 0.096 nm. Surface quality improvement was confirmed by relatively large recovery of the room temperature near band edge luminescence intensity. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Oh, Dong Keun; Bang, Sin Young; Choi, Bong Geun; Maneeratanasarn, P.; Shim, Kwang Bo] Hanyang Univ, Div Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 133791, South Korea. [Lee, Seong Kuk; Chung, Jin Hyun] UNIMO Photron, Seoul 137820, South Korea. [Freitas, Jaime A., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shim, KB (reprint author), Hanyang Univ, Div Mat Sci & Engn, 17 Hangdang Dong, Seoul 133791, South Korea. EM kbshim@hanyang.ac.kr FU Industrial Strategic Technology Development Program; Ministry of Knowledge Economy, KOREA [10041188] FX This work was supported by the Industrial Strategic Technology Development Program funded by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy, KOREA, Project no. 10041188. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 50 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 EI 1873-5002 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 356 BP 22 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2012.06.056 PG 4 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 996IR UT WOS:000308078900005 ER PT J AU Xiao, Y Peng, M Gibson, J Xie, GG Du, DZ Vasilakos, AV AF Xiao, Yang Peng, Miao Gibson, John Xie, Geoffrey G. Du, Ding-Zhu Vasilakos, Athanasios V. TI Tight Performance Bounds of Multihop Fair Access for MAC Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks and Underwater Sensor Networks SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MOBILE COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Under water sensor networks; upper bounds; performance evaluation; multihop ID LIMITS AB This paper investigates the fundamental performance limits of medium access control (MAC) protocols for particular multihop, RF-based wireless sensor networks and underwater sensor networks. A key aspect of this study is the modeling of a fair-access criterion that requires sensors to have an equal rate of underwater frame delivery to the base station. Tight upper bounds on network utilization and tight lower bounds on the minimum time between samples are derived for fixed linear and grid topologies. The significance of these bounds is two-fold: First, they hold for any MAC protocol under both single-channel and half-duplex radios; second, they are provably tight. For underwater sensor networks, under certain conditions, we derive a tight upper bound on network utilization and demonstrate a significant fact that the utilization in networks with propagation delay is larger than that in networks with no propagation delay. The challenge of this work about underwater sensor networks lies in the fact that the propagation delay impact on underwater sensor networks is difficult to model. Finally, we explore bounds in networks with more complex topologies. C1 [Xiao, Yang; Peng, Miao] Univ Alabama, Dept Comp Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Gibson, John] Grad Sch Operat & Informat Sci, Dept Comp Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Xie, Geoffrey G.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Du, Ding-Zhu] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Comp Sci, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. [Vasilakos, Athanasios V.] Univ Western Macedonia, Dept Comp & Telecommun, Kozani, Greece. RP Xiao, Y (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Comp Sci, 101 Houser Hall,Box 870290, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM yangxiao@ieee.org; jhgibson@nps.edu; dzdu@utdallas.edu; vasilako@ath.forthnet.gr RI Peng, Miao/J-5417-2014 FU US National Science Foundation [CNS-0737325, CNS-0716211, CCF-0829827, CNS-1059265]; MEST, Korea under WCU [R33-2008-000-10044-0]; KOSEF; Korea government (MEST) [R01-2007-000-11203-0]; KRF [KRF-2008-314-D00354]; MKE, Korea under ITRC [IITA-2009-(C1090-0902-0046), IITA-2009-(C1090-0902-0007)] FX This work is supported in part by the US National Science Foundation under grant numbers CNS-0737325, CNS-0716211, CCF-0829827, and CNS-1059265. Ding-Zhu Du's work was supported in part by MEST, Korea under WCU (R33-2008-000-10044-0), by a KOSEF grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (No. R01-2007-000-11203-0), by a KRF Grant funded by (KRF-2008-314-D00354), and by MKE, Korea under ITRC IITA-2009-(C1090-0902-0046) and IITA-2009-(C1090-0902-0007). NR 27 TC 71 Z9 74 U1 2 U2 23 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1536-1233 J9 IEEE T MOBILE COMPUT JI IEEE. Trans. Mob. Comput. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 11 IS 10 BP 1538 EP 1554 DI 10.1109/TMC.2011.190 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA 988WU UT WOS:000307522300009 ER PT J AU Gourdin, G Jiang, T Smith, P Qu, DY AF Gourdin, Gerald Jiang, Thomas Smith, Patricia Qu, Deyang TI The effects of cell assembly compression on the performance of carbon electrochemical double-layer capacitor electrodes SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Double-layer supercapacitor; Porosity; Pressure; Accessibility; Kinetics ID PORE-SIZE DISTRIBUTION; ACTIVATED CARBONS; IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACE-AREAS; SUPERCAPACITOR; BEHAVIOR; ENERGY; ELECTROLYTES; ADSORPTION AB Our previous work concluded that the application of force altered the physical structure of the activated carbon electrodes, which resulted in a decrease in the accessible surface area and a displacement of the electrolyte. In this work, the response that different carbon material electrodes exhibit to an applied force was evaluated. Activated carbon powders possess different porous structures, which would exhibit different behaviors when subjected to an applied force and after the release of that force. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to characterize the response behaviors of the different carbons. Furthermore, a porosimetry analysis was conducted on the carbon material of the electrode before and after the application of force. It was concluded that the application of force shifted the pore distribution toward overall smaller pores through a compression of the porous structure of the carbon. This resulted in a decrease in the more easily accessible surface area, which was exhibited as a decrease in the capacitance values as calculated from the cyclic voltammetry data. There was no longer sufficient time to access the now smaller powers at the given time scale of the cyclic voltammetry analysis, which negatively impacted the formation of the double layer. (C) 2012 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved. C1 [Gourdin, Gerald; Qu, Deyang] Univ Massachusetts Boston, Dept Chem, Boston, MA 02135 USA. [Jiang, Thomas; Smith, Patricia] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Qu, DY (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Boston, Dept Chem, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA 02135 USA. EM deyang.qu@umb.edu RI Gourdin, Gerald/K-4528-2013 OI Gourdin, Gerald/0000-0002-9023-2707 FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the Office of Naval Research. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 215 BP 179 EP 187 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.04.046 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 990EB UT WOS:000307612700024 ER PT J AU Darling, K Ouellette, W Zubieta, J AF Darling, Kari Ouellette, Wayne Zubieta, Jon TI Solid state coordination chemistry of copper with pyridyltetrazoles: Structural consequences of incorporation of coordinating anions SO INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Copper-pyridyltetrazole coordination polymers; Structural influences of coordinating anions; Metal-azolate coordination chemistry; Hydrothermal synthesis ID HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; BUILDING-BLOCKS; COMPLEXES; LIGANDS; 1,2,4-TRIAZOLE; DERIVATIVES; TRINUCLEAR; FRAMEWORKS; TRIAZOLE AB The hydrothermal reactions of various Cu(II) salts with 3- and 4-pyridinetetrazole and pyrazinetetrazole were exploited in the preparation of a series of Cu(II) and Cu(I) azolate materials. The parent copper/pyridyltetrazole compositions are observed in the two-dimensional [Cu(3-pyrtet)(2)] (1), the reduced three-dimensional [Cu(4-pyrtet)] (2) and reduced two-dimensional [Cu(4-pyrtet)].0.5DMF (3.0.5DMF) (Hpyrtet = pyridyltetrazole). The consequences of introducing coordinating anions are revealed in the structures of the one-dimensional [CuCl2(4-Hpyrtet)].0.5H(2)O (4.0.5H(2)O) and the two-dimensional [Cu2I2(4-Hpyrtet)] (5) and [Cu(acac)(4-pyrtet)] (7) (acac = acetylacetonate; H(2)en = ethylenediammonium cation). The pyrazinetetrazolate derivative [H(2)en] 0.5[CuCl2(prztet)] (Hprztet = pyrazinetetrazole) (6) is one-dimensional, but structurally distinct from the chain observed for 4. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Darling, Kari; Zubieta, Jon] Syracuse Univ, Dept Chem, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Ouellette, Wayne] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Zubieta, J (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Chem, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. EM jazubiet@syr.edu FU National Science Foundation [CHE-0907787] FX This work was supported by a Grant from the National Science Foundation, CHE-0907787. NR 52 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1693 J9 INORG CHIM ACTA JI Inorg. Chim. Acta PD SEP 30 PY 2012 VL 392 BP 52 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.ica.2012.06.008 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 004QM UT WOS:000308696200009 ER PT J AU Sutto, TE Duncan, TT AF Sutto, Thomas E. Duncan, Teresa T. TI Electrochemical and structural characterization of Mg ion intercalation into RuO2 using an ionic liquid electrolyte SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Ionic liquids; Intercalation; Magnesium ion; RuO2 ID MO6S8 CHEVREL-PHASE; MAGNESIUM; BATTERIES; INSERTION; CAPACITY; KINETICS; LI2RUO3; STORAGE AB The electrochemical behavior of magnesium perchlorate in an ionic liquid, 1,2-dimethyl-3-octylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, is characterized using RuO2 as the cathode and Mg foil as the anode material. Electrochemical results indicated that the maximum Mg content intercalated into RuO2 resulted in Mg0.25RuO2, with an initial capacity of 101 mAh/g. X-ray diffraction studies of the Mg-intercalated RuO2 indicated a large expansion of the unit cell and a decrease from cubic to monoclinic symmetry. X-ray diffraction studies and structural analysis suggest a similarity between the structure of Mg0.25RuO2 and Li2RuO3. Charge/discharge experiments at a C/3 rate were performed vs. Mg metal. Results indicated that the capacity decreased significantly with cycling, most likely due to the strong interaction of Mg2+ with the oxide lattice of RuO2. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sutto, Thomas E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Duncan, Teresa T.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Sutto, TE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6364,Bldg 3,Room 225,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM thomas.sutto@nrl.navy.mil NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 88 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD SEP 30 PY 2012 VL 79 BP 170 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.06.099 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 994HA UT WOS:000307920300022 ER PT J AU West, RA Ajello, JM Stevens, MH Strobel, DF Gladstone, GR Evans, JS Bradley, ET AF West, R. A. Ajello, J. M. Stevens, M. H. Strobel, D. F. Gladstone, G. R. Evans, J. S. Bradley, E. T. TI Titan airglow during eclipse SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Solar XUV photons can provide enough energy to account for the observed nitrogen UV dayglow emissions above 800 km, but a small or sporadic contribution from energetic particles cannot be ruled out. Furthermore, ion production at altitudes deeper than 800 km as inferred from radio occultation cannot be produced by solar XUV stimulation and implies energy deposition from protons and oxygen ions. Here we examine UV spectra and visible-wavelength images of Titan in Saturn's shadow, when XUV stimulation is absent. UV emissions are observed in one of the three sets of spectra, and the intensity of these emissions is about a factor of 10 less than the peak intensity reported on the dayside. We observe visible-wavelength emissions for the first time. No horizontally resolved auroral structures are seen in the visible images. At visible wavelengths Titan has a global emission at the haze-top level that is not understood, although cosmic ray ionization and chemiluminescence are candidates needing further investigation. Citation: West, R. A., J. M. Ajello, M. H. Stevens, D. F. Strobel, G. R. Gladstone, J. S. Evans, and E. T. Bradley (2012), Titan airglow during eclipse, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L18204, doi: 10.1029/2012GL053230. C1 [West, R. A.; Ajello, J. M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Stevens, M. H.] USN, Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Strobel, D. F.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Gladstone, G. R.] SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX USA. [Evans, J. S.] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA USA. [Bradley, E. T.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL USA. RP West, RA (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, MS 183-501,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM robert.a.west@jpl.nasa.gov OI Stevens, Michael/0000-0003-1082-8955 FU Cassini-Huygens Mission through JPL [109303]; NASA Cassini Data Analysis Program; Planetary Atmospheres Program; Cassini-Huygens mission; NASA Astrobiology Institute; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX We thank Pascal Hedelt who supplied tables of H and CH4 densities in Titan's atmosphere. DFS was supported by the Cassini-Huygens Mission through JPL contract 109303. JMA and MHS were supported by the NASA Cassini Data Analysis Program and Planetary Atmospheres Program. RAW was supported by the Cassini-Huygens mission and by the NASA Astrobiology Institute. Part of this work was performed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 28 PY 2012 VL 39 AR L18204 DI 10.1029/2012GL053230 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 014ZS UT WOS:000309415100006 ER PT J AU Dykman, MI Schwartz, IB AF Dykman, M. I. Schwartz, I. B. TI Large rare fluctuations in systems with delayed dissipation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID PREHISTORY PROBABILITY DENSITY; MULTISTABLE STOCHASTIC-SYSTEMS; NONSTATIONARY OPTIMAL PATHS; COLORED NOISE; LANGEVIN EQUATION; BROWNIAN-MOTION; STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; POTENTIAL BARRIER; DYNAMICAL-SYSTEMS AB We study the probability distribution and the escape rate in systems with delayed dissipation that comes from the coupling to a thermal bath. To logarithmic accuracy in the fluctuation intensity, the problem is reduced to a variational problem. It describes the most probable fluctuational paths, which are given by acausal equations due to the delay. In thermal equilibrium, the most probable path passing through a remote state has time-reversal symmetry, even though one cannot uniquely define a path that starts from a state with given system coordinate and momentum. The corrections to the distribution and the escape activation energy for small delay and small noise correlation time are obtained in explicit form. C1 [Dykman, M. I.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Schwartz, I. B.] USN, Div Plasma Phys, Nonlinear Syst Dynam Sect, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dykman, MI (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-0900666]; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency through the Dynamics-Enabled Frequency Sources program; U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Base Research Program [N0001412WX30002]; Office of Naval Research Autonomy Program [N0001412WX20083] FX The research of M.I.D. was supported in part by National Science Foundation Grant No. CMMI-0900666 and Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency through the Dynamics-Enabled Frequency Sources program. The research of I.B.S. was supported by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Base Research Program No. N0001412WX30002 and the Office of Naval Research Autonomy Program No. N0001412WX20083. NR 66 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD SEP 28 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 3 AR 031145 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.86.031145 PN 1 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 014BI UT WOS:000309349700003 PM 23030904 ER PT J AU MacMahan, J Reniers, A Ashley, W Thornton, E AF MacMahan, Jamie Reniers, Ad Ashley, Will Thornton, Ed TI Frequency-wavenumber velocity spectra, Taylor's hypothesis, and length scales in a natural gravel bed river SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DEPTH-LIMITED FLOW; OPEN-CHANNEL FLOW; TURBULENT-FLOW AB Macroscale turbulent coherent flow structures in a natural fast-flowing river were examined with a combination of a novel 2 MHz Acoustic Doppler Beam (ADB) and a Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) to characterize the streamwise horizontal length scales and persistence of coherent flow structures by measuring the frequency (f)-streamwise-wavenumber (k(s)) energy density velocity spectrum, E(f, k(s)), for the first time in natural rivers. The ADB was deployed under a range of Froude numbers (0.1-0.6) at high Reynolds numbers (similar to 10(6)) based on depth and velocity conditions within a gravel bed reach of the Kootenai River, Idaho. The MLE employed on the ADB data increased our ability to describe river motions with relatively long (>10 m) length scales in similar to 1 m water depths. The E(f, k(s)) spectra fell along a ridge described by V = f/k(s), where V is the mean velocity over depth, consistent with Taylor's hypothesis. New, consistent length scale measures are defined based on averaged wavelengths of the low-frequency E(f, k(s)) and coherence spectra. Energetic (similar to 50% of the total spectral energy), low-frequency (f < 0.05 Hz) streamwise motions were found. Mean length scales, L-m, compared with the depth, h, are significantly larger than previously suggested for macroturbulence with L-m/h similar to 28-118. Although the energy appears as low-pass white noise, it is streamwise coherent along the length of the array. In fast flows with velocities > 1 m/s, L-m were found to be significantly longer than their corresponding coherence lengths, suggesting that the turbulent structures evolve rapidly under these conditions. This is attributed to the stretching and concomitant deformation of preexisting macroturbulent motions by the ubiquitous bathymetry-induced spatial flow accelerations present in a natural gravel bed river. C1 [MacMahan, Jamie; Ashley, Will; Thornton, Ed] Naval Postgraduate Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Reniers, Ad] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. RP MacMahan, J (reprint author), Naval Postgraduate Sch, Monterey, CA USA. EM jhmacmah@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research's Littoral Geosciences and Optics Program [N0001410WX21049, N0001411WX20962, N0001410102379] FX We thank the Kootenai field team (Bill, Jenna, Chris, Patrick, Ron, Judah, Gisele, Tuba, Todd, and Tom) for all of their hard work in this experiment. Comments and suggestions by the three anonymous reviewers are gratefully acknowledged. This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research's Littoral Geosciences and Optics Program (N0001410WX21049, N0001411WX20962, and N0001410102379). NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD SEP 26 PY 2012 VL 48 AR W09548 DI 10.1029/2011WR011709 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 015BI UT WOS:000309419500003 ER PT J AU Gallagher, TQ Hill, C Ojha, S Ference, E Keamy, DG Williams, M Hansen, M Maurer, R Collins, C Setlur, J Capra, GG Brigger, MT Hartnick, CJ AF Gallagher, Thomas Q. Hill, Courtney Ojha, Shilpa Ference, Elisabeth Keamy, Donald G., Jr. Williams, Michael Hansen, Maynard Maurer, Rie Collins, Corey Setlur, Jennifer Capra, Gregory G. Brigger, Matthew T. Hartnick, Christopher J. TI Perioperative Dexamethasone Administration and Risk of Bleeding Following Tonsillectomy in Children A Randomized Controlled Trial SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGE; ADENOTONSILLECTOMY; METAANALYSIS; ADENOIDECTOMY; COMPLICATIONS; MORBIDITY AB Context Corticosteroids are commonly given to children undergoing tonsillectomy to reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting; however, they might increase the risk of perioperative and postoperative hemorrhage. Objective To determine the effect of dexamethasone on bleeding following tonsillectomy in children. Design, Setting, and Patients A multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study at 2 tertiary medical centers of 314 children aged 3 to 18 years undergoing tonsillectomy without a history of bleeding disorder or recent corticosteroid medication use and conducted between July 15, 2010, and December 20, 2011, with 14-day follow-up. We tested the hypothesis that dexamethasone would not result in 5% more bleeding events than placebo using a noninferiority statistical design. Intervention A single perioperative dose of dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg; maximum dose, 20 mg), with an equivalent volume of 0.9% saline administered to the placebo group. Main Outcome Measures Rate and severity of posttonsillectomy hemorrhage in the 14-day postoperative period using a bleeding severity scale (level I, self-reported or parent-reported postoperative bleeding; level II, required inpatient admission for postoperative bleeding; or level III, required reoperation to control postoperative bleeding). Results One hundred fifty-seven children (median [interquartile range] age, 6 [4-8] years) were randomized into each study group, with 17 patients (10.8%) in the dexamethasone group and 13 patients (8.2%) in the placebo group reporting bleeding events. In an intention-to-treat analysis, the rates of level I bleeding were 7.0% (n = 11) in the dexamethasone group and 4.5% (n = 7) in the placebo group (difference, 2.6%; upper limit 97.5% CI, 7.7%; P for noninferiority = .17); rates of level II bleeding were 1.9% (n = 3) and 3.2% (n = 5), respectively (difference, -1.3%; upper limit 97.5% CI, 2.2%; P for noninferiority < .001); and rates of level III bleeding were 1.9% (n = 3) and 0.6% (n = 1), respectively (difference, 1.3%; upper limit 97.5% CI, 3.8%; P for noninferiority = .002). Conclusions Perioperative dexamethasone administered during pediatric tonsillectomy was not associated with excessive, clinically significant level II or III bleeding events based on not having crossed the noninferior threshold of 5%. Increased subjective (level I) bleeding events caused by dexamethasone could not be excluded because the noninferiority threshold was crossed. C1 [Gallagher, Thomas Q.] USN, Dept Otolaryngol, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Hill, Courtney] Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. [Ojha, Shilpa; Keamy, Donald G., Jr.; Williams, Michael; Hansen, Maynard; Setlur, Jennifer; Hartnick, Christopher J.] Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirm, Dept Otolaryngol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Collins, Corey] Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirm, Dept Anesthesiol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Ference, Elisabeth] Northwestern Univ, Dept Otolaryngol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Maurer, Rie] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Capra, Gregory G.; Brigger, Matthew T.] USN, Dept Otolaryngol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Hartnick, CJ (reprint author), Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirm, Dept Pediat Otolaryngol, 243 Charles St, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM christopher_hartnick@meei.harvard.edu FU Gyrus ACMI; National Institutes of Health FX All authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Dr Hartnick reported receiving consultancy fees from Gyrus ACMI, receiving a grant from the National Institutes of Health to study voice disorders and voice therapy in children with vocal dysphonia, and receiving book royalties from Springer. No other authors reported any disclosures. NR 25 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 26 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 12 BP 1221 EP 1226 DI 10.1001/2012.jama.11575 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 010OK UT WOS:000309103600025 PM 23011712 ER PT J AU Hawksworth, JS Graybill, C Brown, TS Gillern, SM Wallace, SM Davis, TA Elster, EA Tadaki, DK AF Hawksworth, Jason S. Graybill, Christopher Brown, Trevor S. Gillern, Suzanne M. Wallace, Shannon M. Davis, Thomas A. Elster, Eric A. Tadaki, Doug K. TI Lymphocyte Depletion in Experimental Hemorrhagic Shock in Swine SO JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON LA English DT Article DE Lymphocyte depletion; Anti-thymocyte globulin; Combat casualty; Swine; Liver injury; Hemorrhagic shock ID ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY; HUMANIZED MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS SYNDROME; NONHUMAN PRIMATE MODEL; B-CELL DEFICIENCY; II CLINICAL-TRIAL; CD18 RHUMAB CD18; T-LYMPHOCYTES; ANTITHYMOCYTE GLOBULINS; ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION INJURY AB Background: Hemorrhagic shock results in systemic activation of the immune system and leads to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Lymphocytes have been identified as critical mediators of the early innate immune response to ischemia-reperfusion injury, and immunomodulation of lymphocytes may prevent secondary immunologic injury in surgical and trauma patients. Methods: Yorkshire swine were anesthetized and underwent a grade III liver injury with uncontrolled hemorrhage to induce hemorrhagic shock. Experimental groups were treated with a lymphocyte depletional agent, porcine polyclonal anti-thymocyte globulin (PATG) (n=8) and compared to a vehicle control group (n=9). Animals were observed over a 3 day survival period. Circulating lymphocytes were examined with FACS analysis for CD3/CD4/CD8, and central lymphocytes with mesenteric lymph node and spleen staining for CD3. Circulating and lung tissue16 infiltrating neutrophils were measured. Circulating CD3 lymphocytes in the blood and in central lymphoid organs (spleen/lymph node) were stained and evaluated using FACS analysis. Immune-related gene expression from liver tissue was quantified using RT-PCR. Results: The overall survival was 22% (2/9) in the control and 75% (6/8) in the PATG groups, p=0.09; during the reperfusion period (following hemorrhage) survival was 25% (2/8) in the control and 100% (6/6) in the PATG groups, p=0.008. Mean blood loss and hemodynamic profiles were not significantly different between the experimental and control groups. Circulating CD3(+)CD4(+) lymphocytes were significantly depleted in the PATG group compared to control. Lymphocyte depletion in the setting of hemorrhagic shock also significantly decreased circulating and lung tissue infiltrating neutrophils, and decreased expression of liver ischemia gene expression. Conclusions: Lymphocyte manipulation with a depletional (PATG) strategy improves reperfusion survival in experimental hemorrhagic shock using a porcine liver injury model. This proof of principle study paves the way for further development of immunomodulation approaches to ameliorate secondary immune injury following hemorrhagic shock. C1 [Hawksworth, Jason S.; Graybill, Christopher; Brown, Trevor S.; Gillern, Suzanne M.; Davis, Thomas A.; Elster, Eric A.; Tadaki, Doug K.] USN, Regenerat Med Dept, Operat & Undersea Med Directorate, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Hawksworth, Jason S.; Graybill, Christopher; Gillern, Suzanne M.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Elster, Eric A.; Tadaki, Doug K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Norman M Rich Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Wallace, Shannon M.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Comparat Pathol, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RP Elster, EA (reprint author), USN, Regenerat Med Dept, Operat & Undersea Med Directorate, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM eric.elster1@med.navy.mil RI Brown, Trevor/K-4703-2012; Brown, Trevor/F-7392-2015 OI Brown, Trevor/0000-0001-7042-785X; Brown, Trevor/0000-0001-7042-785X FU Office of Naval Research [603729 N.02914.W280.A0515] FX The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or the position of the Department of the Navy, Department of the Army, the Department of Defense nor the U. S. Government. This work was prepared as part of their official duties. Title 17 U.S.C. 105 provides that 'Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government.' Title 17 U.S.C 101 defines a U. S. Government work as a work prepared by a military service member or employees of the U. S. Government as part of that person's official duties. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (work unit number 603729 N.02914.W280.A0515). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge Dr. Toshiki Tomoriand Mr. Darren Fryer for their skillful technical assistance with the animal experiments. We would like to thank Dr. G. Costanza for insight discussions. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-9255 J9 J INFLAMM-LOND JI J. Inflamm.-Lond. PD SEP 25 PY 2012 VL 9 AR 34 DI 10.1186/1476-9255-9-34 PG 12 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 091MR UT WOS:000315054300001 PM 23009382 ER PT J AU Miller, SD Mills, SP Elvidge, CD Lindsey, DT Lee, TF Hawkins, JD AF Miller, Steven D. Mills, Stephen P. Elvidge, Christopher D. Lindsey, Daniel T. Lee, Thomas F. Hawkins, Jeffrey D. TI Suomi satellite brings to light a unique frontier of nighttime environmental sensing capabilities SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE airglow/nightglow; nocturnal remote sensing ID GRAVITY-WAVES; AIRGLOW; SYSTEM; THUNDERSTORM; SPECTRUM; SPACE AB Most environmental satellite radiometers use solar reflectance information when it is available during the day but must resort at night to emission signals from infrared bands, which offer poor sensitivity to low-level clouds and surface features. A few sensors can take advantage of moonlight, but the inconsistent availability of the lunar source limits measurement utility. Here we show that the Day/Night Band (DNB) low-light visible sensor on the recently launched Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite has the unique ability to image cloud and surface features by way of reflected airglow, starlight, and zodiacal light illumination. Examples collected during new moon reveal not only meteorological and surface features, but also the direct emission of airglow structures in the mesosphere, including expansive regions of diffuse glow and wave patterns forced by tropospheric convection. The ability to leverage diffuse illumination sources for nocturnal environmental sensing applications extends the advantages of visible-light information to moonless nights. C1 [Miller, Steven D.] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Mills, Stephen P.] Northrop Grumman Aerosp Syst, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA. [Elvidge, Christopher D.] NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Lindsey, Daniel T.] NOAA, Reg & Mesoscale Meteorol Branch, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Lee, Thomas F.; Hawkins, Jeffrey D.] USN, Satellite Meteorol Applicat Sect, Marine Meteorol Div, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Miller, SD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM steven.miller@colostate.edu RI Elvidge, Christopher/C-3012-2009; Lindsey, Dan/F-5607-2010 OI Lindsey, Dan/0000-0002-0967-5683 FU Naval Research Laboratory [N00173-10-C-2003]; Oceanographer of the Navy through the Program Executive Office [C4l/PMW-120, PE-0603207N]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Joint Polar Satellite System Cal/Val and Algorithm Program FX We thank Kohji Tsumura (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency), Christoph Leinert (Max Planck Institute for Astronomy), and Joachim Koppen (University of Strasbourg) for insight on nighttime light sources; Jody Russell [Image Science and Analysis Laboratory, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)-Johnson Space Center) and Dr. Donald Pettit [NASA, International Space Station (ISS) Astronaut] for assistance with ISS photography; and Jeffrey Cox (Aerospace, Offutt Air Force Base) for assistance with Defense Meteorological Satellite Program datasets. We acknowledge the support of the Naval Research Laboratory through contract N00173-10-C-2003, the Oceanographer of the Navy through the Program Executive Office C4l/PMW-120 under program element PE-0603207N, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Joint Polar Satellite System Cal/Val and Algorithm Program. The views, opinions, and findings in this report are those of the authors, and should not be construed as an official NOAA and/or US Government position, policy, or decision. NR 41 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 2 U2 39 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 25 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 39 BP 15706 EP 15711 DI 10.1073/pnas.1207034109 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 017QD UT WOS:000309604500042 PM 22984179 ER PT J AU Lee, SS AF Lee, Sang Soo TI Nonlinear interaction of wind-driven oblique surface waves and parametric growth of lower frequency modes SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE critical layers; nonlinear instability; wind-wave interactions ID BOUNDARY-LAYER-TRANSITION; EXCITED INSTABILITY WAVE; HIGH REYNOLDS-NUMBER; FREE SHEAR-LAYER; GRAVITY-CAPILLARY; STOKES LAYER; EVOLUTION; GENERATION; FLOW AB Nonlinear interactions between free-surface waves of the same wave speed and wind are studied by extending the linear resonant theory of Miles (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 3, 1957, pp. 185-204). A nonlinear interaction can occur when the steepness of a primary three-dimensional wave, which propagates obliquely to the wind direction, becomes of the order of the cube of the density ratio of air to water. If a secondary wave of smaller amplitude is also an oblique wave, the nonlinear critical-layer interaction between the primary and secondary fluctuations in air generates a difference mode whose wavenumbers are equal to the differences between the primary and secondary values. In addition, the nonlinear interaction in the critical layer between the primary and difference modes induces a parametric-growth effect on the secondary surface wave, if the frequency of the primary wave is higher than that of the secondary wave. The primary wave remains linear during this '2 + 1 mode critical-layer interaction' stage between two free-surface waves and a nonlinearly generated mode. The evolution of the secondary-wave amplitude is governed by an integro-differential equation and that of the difference mode is determined by an integral equation. Both inviscid and viscous numerical results show that the nonlinear growth rates become much larger than the linear growth rates. Effect of viscosity is shown to delay the onset of the nonlinear growth. The growth of the secondary and difference modes is more effectively enhanced when the signs of propagation angles of the primary and secondary waves are opposite than when they are equal. The 2 C 1 mode interaction can occur when wave steepnesses are very small. The nonlinear interaction is entirely confined to a thin critical layer, and the perturbations outside the critical layer are governed by linear equations. It is shown that the initial nonlinear growth of a free-surface wave could be governed by a mode-mode interaction in air. C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Lee, SS (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM SangSoo.Lee@navy.mil FU ONR FX This work was supported by the ONR-funded In-House Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) program at NSWCCD. The author would like to thank Dr J. Barkyoumb, Dr I. Koh, Mr. T. Applebee and Mr. S. Littlefield for their support. The author is grateful to Dr D. Wundrow for many important suggestions and helpful discussions throughout the course of this work. The outer solution expansions in this paper mostly followed his unpublished manuscript. The author thanks Dr M. E. Goldstein and referees for helpful comments. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-1120 EI 1469-7645 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD SEP 25 PY 2012 VL 707 BP 150 EP 190 DI 10.1017/jfm.2012.268 PG 41 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 003CA UT WOS:000308584600008 ER PT J AU Gilbert, JB Howe, MS Koch, RM AF Gilbert, J. B. Howe, M. S. Koch, R. M. TI On sound generated by gas-jet impingement on a bubbly gas-water interface, with application to supercavity self-noise SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article ID FLOW AB An analysis is made of the sound produced when a high speed turbulent gas jet impinges at normal incidence on a planar gas-water interface in the presence of a uniform, thin homogeneous bubble layer between the gas and the water. It is shown that the bubble layer exhibits a behaviour similar to a 'quarter-wave' resonator, storing energy supplied by gas impingement which is subsequently released as high amplitude sound into the water. In the absence of bubbles the radiation into the water has dipole characteristics, peaking strongly in the direction normal to the interface. The bubbles diffuse this sharp dipole lobe, and are predicted to increase the sound power in the water by up to 10 dB or more over a range of intermediate frequencies when the layer properties are similar to those encountered in experiments using a model scale supercavitating vehicle. At higher frequencies, in the range important for vehicle guidance and control, the bubble layer tends to reduce this source of self-noise. The same mechanism of resonant amplification should be effective more generally, when the bubbles lie within a more confined surface envelope, such as the surface 'wake' of the jet impact zone, whose shape defines a different set of interior eigenmodes. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gilbert, J. B.; Howe, M. S.] Boston Univ, Coll Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Koch, R. M.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Howe, MS (reprint author), Boston Univ, Coll Engn, 110 Cummington St, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM mshowe@bu.edu FU Office of Naval Research under the University/Laboratory Initiative [N00014-11-1-0314] FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research Code 331, Grant N00014-11-1-0314 under the University/Laboratory Initiative directed by Dr. Ronald D. Joslin NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD SEP 24 PY 2012 VL 331 IS 20 BP 4438 EP 4447 DI 10.1016/j.jsv.2012.05.003 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 983YW UT WOS:000307155600006 ER PT J AU Elmore, PA Fabre, DH Sawyer, RT Ladner, RW AF Elmore, Paul A. Fabre, David H. Sawyer, Raymond T. Ladner, R. Wade TI Uncertainty estimation for databased bathymetry using a Bayesian network approach SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Bayesian network; bathymetry; database; uncertainty ID SEA-FLOOR TOPOGRAPHY; ALGORITHMS; ERRORS AB A Bayesian network approach has been developed to estimate uncertainties for gridded bathymetry models that store grids of large regional or worldwide bathymetry. A previous technique to estimate uncertainty for historical data uses Monte Carlo simulations to estimate uncertainty using soundings data, but it is infeasible to implement for gridded bathymetry models. The Bayesian network is designed to estimate uncertainty using gridded bathymetry and a distribution of navigation uncertainties for the survey data used to create the grid as inputs. This paper discusses how the Monte Carlo technique is used to train the network and how to implement it to estimate gridded uncertainty. A demonstration of this approach is presented that uses the data from the original paper for the Monte Carlo technique. Both Monte Carlo and Bayesian network estimators provide higher uncertainty with bottom slope. The Bayesian network estimate is generally greater than the Monte Carlo approach, which is by design for navigation safety, but is within an order of magnitude agreement. C1 [Elmore, Paul A.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Fabre, David H.; Sawyer, Raymond T.; Ladner, R. Wade] USN, Oceanog Off, Hydrog Dept, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39522 USA. RP Elmore, PA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. FU United States Naval Oceanographic Office; Office of Naval Research through the "Irregular Multiresolution Database Algorithm" Base Program Project at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command [PMW-120, 2341] FX This work was initiated through funding by the United States Naval Oceanographic Office. Further development was made possible with funding by the Office of Naval Research through the "Irregular Multiresolution Database Algorithm" Base Program Project at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and by PMW-120 of the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command and program unit number 2341. The authors are very grateful to Martin Jakobsson of Stockholm University (Sweden) and Brian Calder of the University of New Hampshire who provided us with the data that they used for their 2002 paper, the IBCAO grid, and technical guidance. We also thank Fred Petry (NRL) and two anonymous reviewers who provided many helpful suggestions and Kevin Duvieilh (NRL) who codified the interpolation algorithms and Monte Carlo capabilities. The mention of commercial products or the use of company names does not in any way imply endorsement by the U.S. Navy. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1525-2027 J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. PD SEP 22 PY 2012 VL 13 AR 9 DI 10.1029/2012GC004144 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 011AK UT WOS:000309135500001 ER PT J AU Sander, E Tatum, R AF Sander, Evelyn Tatum, Richard TI PATTERN FORMATION IN A MIXED LOCAL AND NONLOCAL REACTION-DIFFUSION SYSTEM SO ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS LA English DT Article DE Reaction-diffusion system; nonlocal equations; Turing instability; pattern formation ID CAHN-HILLIARD EQUATION; SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; HIGHER DIMENSIONS; HEAT-EQUATION; MODEL; OSCILLATIONS; APPROXIMATE; DYNAMICS AB Local and nonlocal reaction-diffusion models have been shown to demonstrate nontrivial steady state patterns known as Turing patterns. That is, solutions which are initially nearly homogeneous form non-homogeneous patterns. This paper examines the pattern selection mechanism in systems which contain nonlocal terms. In particular, we analyze a mixed reaction-diffusion system with Turing instabilities on rectangular domains with periodic boundary conditions. This mixed system contains a homotopy parameter beta to vary the effect of both local ( beta = 1) and nonlocal (beta = 0) diffusion. The diffusion interaction length relative to the size of the domain is given by a parameter epsilon. We associate the nonlocal diffusion with a convolution kernel, such that the kernel is of order epsilon(-theta) in the limit as epsilon -> 0. We prove that as long as 0 <= theta < 1, in the singular limit as epsilon -> 0, the selection of patterns is determined by the linearized equation. In contrast, if theta = 1 and beta is small, our numerics show that pattern selection is a fundamentally nonlinear process. C1 [Sander, Evelyn] George Mason Univ, Dept Math Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Tatum, Richard] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. RP Sander, E (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Math Sci, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM esander@gmu.edu; rchrd.ttm@gmail.com FU NSF [DMS-0639300, DMS-0907818]; NIH [R01-MH79502]; Office of Naval Research In-house Laboratory Independent Research Program FX E. Sander was partially supported by NSF Grants DMS-0639300 and DMS-0907818, as well as NIH Grant R01-MH79502. R. Tatum was partially supported by the Office of Naval Research In-house Laboratory Independent Research Program. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU TEXAS STATE UNIV PI SAN MARCOS PA 601 UNIVERSTITY DRIVE, SAN MARCOS, TX 78666 USA SN 1072-6691 J9 ELECTRON J DIFFER EQ JI Electron. J. Differ. Equ. PD SEP 20 PY 2012 AR 160 PG 30 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 028VY UT WOS:000310453700001 ER PT J AU Nichols, JM McLaughlin, CV Bucholtz, F Michalowicz, JV AF Nichols, J. M. McLaughlin, C. V. Bucholtz, F. Michalowicz, J. V. TI Characterization of a compressively sampled photonic link SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID RESTRICTED ISOMETRY PROPERTY; NYQUIST; RECOVERY; SIGNALS AB The emerging field of compressive sampling has potentially powerful implications for the design of analog-to-digital sampling systems. In particular, the mathematics of compressive sampling suggests that one can recover a signal at a smaller sampling interval than is dictated by the rate at which the samples are digitized. In a recent work the authors presented an all-photonic implementation of such a system and experimentally demonstrated the basic operating principles. This paper offers a more in-depth study of the system, including a more detailed description of the hardware, issues involved in real-time implementation, and how choice of signal model and model fidelity can influence the reconstruction. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Nichols, J. M.; McLaughlin, C. V.; Bucholtz, F.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Michalowicz, J. V.] Sotera Def Solut, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Nichols, JM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jonathan.nichols@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory FX The authors would like to thank the Naval Research Laboratory for partially funding this work under a 6.1 base program effort. The authors would also like to acknowledge Chris McDermitt for help in setting up the experimental system. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP 20 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 27 BP 6448 EP 6456 DI 10.1364/AO.51.006448 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 011MC UT WOS:000309168100002 PM 23033012 ER PT J AU Pongkitiwanichakul, P Chandran, BDG Karpen, JT DeVore, CR AF Pongkitiwanichakul, Peera Chandran, Benjamin D. G. Karpen, Judith T. DeVore, C. Richard TI THE EFFECTS OF WAVE ESCAPE ON FAST MAGNETOSONIC WAVE TURBULENCE IN SOLAR FLARES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE plasmas; Sun: corona; Sun: flares; waves ID PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; DYNAMICS; FLOWS AB One of the leading models for electron acceleration in solar flares is stochastic acceleration by weakly turbulent fast magnetosonic waves ("fast waves"). In this model, large-scale flows triggered by magnetic reconnection excite large-wavelength fast waves, and fast-wave energy then cascades from large wavelengths to small wavelengths. Electron acceleration by large-wavelength fast waves is weak, and so the model relies on the small-wavelength waves produced by the turbulent cascade. In order for the model to work, the energy cascade time for large-wavelength fast waves must be shorter than the time required for the waves to propagate out of the solar-flare acceleration region. To investigate the effects of wave escape, we solve the wave kinetic equation for fast waves in weak turbulence theory, supplemented with a homogeneous wave-loss term. We find that the amplitude of large-wavelength fast waves must exceed a minimum threshold in order for a significant fraction of the wave energy to cascade to small wavelengths before the waves leave the acceleration region. We evaluate this threshold as a function of the dominant wavelength of the fast waves that are initially excited by reconnection outflows. C1 [Pongkitiwanichakul, Peera; Chandran, Benjamin D. G.] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Pongkitiwanichakul, Peera; Chandran, Benjamin D. G.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Karpen, Judith T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [DeVore, C. Richard] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pongkitiwanichakul, P (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM pbu3@unh.edu; benjamin.chandran@unh.edu; judy.karpen@nasa.gov; devore@nrl.navy.mil RI DeVore, C/A-6067-2015 OI DeVore, C/0000-0002-4668-591X FU NASA [NNX07AP65G, NNX11AJ37G]; NSF [AGS-0851005]; DOE [DE-FG02-07-ER46372]; NSF/DOE [AGS-1003451] FX This work benefited from valuable discussions with our colleagues in a NASA Living-With-a-Star Focused-Science-Topic team working on "Flare Particle Acceleration Near the Sun and Contribution to Large SEP Events." This work was supported in part by NASA grants NNX07AP65G and NNX11AJ37G, NSF grant , DOE grant DE-FG02-07-ER46372, and NSF/DOE grant AGS-1003451. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 20 PY 2012 VL 757 IS 1 AR 72 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/757/1/72 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 009VG UT WOS:000309052800072 ER PT J AU Budzevich, MM Zhakhovsky, VV White, CT Oleynik, II AF Budzevich, Mikalai M. Zhakhovsky, Vasily V. White, Carter T. Oleynik, Ivan I. TI Evolution of Shock-Induced Orientation-Dependent Metastable States in Crystalline Aluminum SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS AB The evolution of orientation-dependent metastable states during shock-induced solid-liquid phase transitions in crystalline Al is followed using moving window molecular dynamics simulations. The orientation-dependent transition pathways towards an orientation-independent final state Hugoniot include both "cold melting'' followed by recrystallization in [110]- and [111]-oriented shock waves and crystal overheating followed by melting in [100] shock waves. The orientation-dependent dynamics take place within a zone that can extend up to hundreds of nanometers behind the shock front. C1 [Budzevich, Mikalai M.; Zhakhovsky, Vasily V.; Oleynik, Ivan I.] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [White, Carter T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Budzevich, MM (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. EM vasily@usf.edu; oleynik@usf.edu RI Zhakhovsky, Vasily/G-9560-2011; Oleynik, Ivan/R-5004-2016 OI Zhakhovsky, Vasily/0000-0001-6620-6616; Oleynik, Ivan/0000-0002-5348-6484 FU ONR; NRL; NSF FX The work at USF and NRL was supported by ONR and NRL. The work at USF was also supported by the NSF. Simulations were performed using the NSF TeraGrid facilities, the USF Research Computing Cluster, and the computational facilities of the Materials Simulation Laboratory at USF. NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 29 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 19 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 12 AR 125505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.125505 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 007HD UT WOS:000308878500013 PM 23005960 ER PT J AU Chang, CP Lei, YH Sui, CH Lin, XH Ren, FM AF Chang, Chih-Pei Lei, Yonghui Sui, Chung-Hisung Lin, Xiaohong Ren, Fumin TI Tropical cyclone and extreme rainfall trends in East Asian summer monsoon since mid-20th century SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LARGE-SCALE CIRCULATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PRECIPITATION EXTREMES; INTENSE PRECIPITATION; RECENT PROGRESS; SOUTH CHINA; EVENTS; VARIABILITY AB Proper interpretations of extreme rainfall trends in the Asian monsoon regions are complicated by tropical cyclones (TCs) from tropical oceans, whose rainfall trend may be different from the local monsoon (non-TC) rain. Here we show that the trends over the China summer monsoon region have been distorted by western North Pacific typhoons, which bring rainfall with decreasing frequency and increasing intensity. Typically the latter is not sufficient to overcome the former, so TC-related extreme rainfall trend is smaller than monsoon-related extreme rainfall. The net impact underestimates the increasing trend and overestimates the decreasing trend in monsoon extreme rainfall over most areas. The effect is minimal in the Meiyu rain belt region, but reaches 30% in northeastern and southern China. The largest distortions occur on offshore islands in the main TC paths that underwent significant decadal variations. In Hainan, the -3%/decade trend becomes +7%/decade if typhoon rainfall is removed. An opposite case occurs in Taiwan, where the extreme rainfall trend is hugely inflated by local increases in TC rainfall. These opposite effects emphasize the importance of considering the different mechanisms of rainfall systems in order to avoid mis-attribution of regional effects on extreme rainfall to thermodynamic consequences of global warming. Citation: Chang, C.-P., Y. Lei, C.-H. Sui, X. Lin, and F. Ren (2012), Tropical cyclone and extreme rainfall trends in East Asian summer monsoon since mid-20th century, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L18702, doi:10.1029/2012GL052945. C1 [Chang, Chih-Pei] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Chang, Chih-Pei; Sui, Chung-Hisung] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Lei, Yonghui] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing Applicat, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Lin, Xiaohong] Fujian Prov Meteorol Bur, Fuzhou, Peoples R China. [Ren, Fumin] China Meteorol Adm, Natl Climate Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Chang, CP (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM cpchang@nps.edu FU National Science Council, Taipei, Taiwan [NSC 100-2811-M-002-149]; U. S. Naval Postgraduate School; Chinese Academy of Sciences; China Meteorological Administration FX We thank Paochun Tang for help with data processing and Russ Elsberry for help to improve the manuscript. This research is sponsored by National Science Council, Taipei, Taiwan under grant NSC 100-2811-M-002-149. Additional support is provided by U. S. Naval Postgraduate School (C.-P. C.), Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y.L.), and China Meteorological Administration (X. L. and F.R.). NR 29 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 19 PY 2012 VL 39 AR L18702 DI 10.1029/2012GL052945 PG 6 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 011AT UT WOS:000309136400004 ER PT J AU Krywonos, A Murray, DJ Eastes, RW Aksnes, A Budzien, SA Daniell, RE AF Krywonos, Andrey Murray, D. J. Eastes, R. W. Aksnes, A. Budzien, S. A. Daniell, R. E. TI Remote sensing of neutral temperatures in the Earth's thermosphere using the Lyman-Birge-Hopfield bands of N-2: Comparisons with satellite drag data SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERE; DAYGLOW AB This paper presents remotely sensed neutral temperatures obtained from ultraviolet observations and compares them with temperatures from the NRLMSISE-00 version of the Mass Spectrometer and Incoherent Scatter (MSIS) model (unconstrained and constrained to match the total densities from satellite drag). Latitudinal profiles of the temperatures in the Earth's thermosphere are obtained by inversion of high-resolution (similar to 1.3 angstrom) observations of the (1,1) and (5,4) Lyman-Birge-Hopfield (LBH) bands of N-2. The spectra are from the High resolution Ionospheric and Thermospheric Spectrograph (HITS) instrument aboard the Advanced Research and Global Observation Satellite (ARGOS). The results indicate that on each day examined there was consistency between the remotely sensed thermospheric temperatures, the densities from coincident satellite drag measurements at adjacent altitudes, and the NRLMSISE-00 model. C1 [Krywonos, Andrey; Eastes, R. W.; Aksnes, A.] Univ Cent Florida, Florida Space Inst, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. [Murray, D. J.; Eastes, R. W.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. [Budzien, S. A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Krywonos, A (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Florida Space Inst, 12354 Res Pkwy,Partnership 1 Bldg, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM krywonos@ucf.edu FU NASA grant [NNG06GI94G]; NSF grant [0850396] FX The work conducted at the University of Central Florida was supported by NASA grant NNG06GI94G and by NSF grant 0850396. One of the authors (R. Eastes) wishes to thank Frank Marcos for providing the total thermospheric densities, from satellite drag measurements, used in the analysis and for his patience in educating the author about thermospheric densities. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD SEP 18 PY 2012 VL 117 AR A09311 DI 10.1029/2011JA017226 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 011AM UT WOS:000309135700001 ER PT J AU Burden, DK Barlow, DE Spillmann, CM Orihuela, B Rittschof, D Everett, RK Wahl, KJ AF Burden, Daniel K. Barlow, Daniel E. Spillmann, Christopher M. Orihuela, Beatriz Rittschof, Daniel Everett, R. K. Wahl, Kathryn J. TI Barnacle Balanus amphitrite Adheres by a Stepwise Cementing Process SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU; UNDERWATER ADHESIVE; AMYLOID FIBRILS; PHRAGMATOPOMA-CALIFORNICA; RELEASE CHARACTERISTICS; NATURAL ADHESIVE; MARINE ORGANISMS; AMINO-ACIDS; PROTEIN; POLYMERIZATION AB Barnacles adhere permanently to surfaces by secreting and curing a thin interfacial adhesive underwater. Here, we show that the acorn barnacle Balanus amphitrite adheres by a two-step fluid secretion process, both contributing to adhesion. We found that, as barnacles grow, the first barnacle cement secretion (BCS1) is released at the periphery of the expanding base plate. Subsequently, a second, autofluorescent fluid (BCS2) is released. We show that secretion of BCS2 into the interface results, on average, in a 2-fold increase in adhesive strength over adhesion by BCS1 alone. The two secretions are distinguishable both spatially and temporally, and differ in morphology, protein conformation, and chemical functionality. The short time window for BCS2 secretion relative to the overall area increase demonstrates that it has a disproportionate, surprisingly powerful, impact on adhesion. The dramatic change in adhesion occurs without measurable changes in interface thickness and total protein content. A fracture mechanics analysis suggests the interfacial material's modulus or work of adhesion, or both, were substantially increased after BCS2 secretion. Addition of BCS2 into the interface generates highly networked amyloid-like fibrils and enhanced phenolic content. Both intertwined fibers and phenolic chemistries may contribute to mechanical stability of the interface through physically or chemically anchoring interface proteins to the substrate and intermolecular interactions. Our experiments point to the need to reexamine the role of phenolic components in barnacle adhesion, long discounted despite their prevalence in structural membranes of arthropods and crustaceans, as they may contribute to chemical processes that strengthen adhesion through intermolecular cross-linking. C1 [Burden, Daniel K.; Barlow, Daniel E.; Wahl, Kathryn J.] USN, Res Lab, Chem Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Burden, Daniel K.] USN, Res Lab, Natl Res Council Postdoc, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Spillmann, Christopher M.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Everett, R. K.] USN, Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Orihuela, Beatriz; Rittschof, Daniel] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA. RP Wahl, KJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Chem Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kathryn.wahl@nrl.navy.mil RI Barlow, Daniel/C-9006-2013; OI Wahl, Kathryn/0000-0001-8163-6964; Everett, Richard/0000-0002-6725-9442 FU Office of Naval Research Coatings Program (Duke and NRL); NRL Base 6.1 Funding FX We acknowledge support from the Office of Naval Research Coatings Program (Duke and NRL), and NRL Base 6.1 Funding. We enjoyed fruitful discussions with David Kidwell and John Russell. D.K.B. is a National Research Council Post Doctoral Associate. NR 84 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 73 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 18 PY 2012 VL 28 IS 37 BP 13364 EP 13372 DI 10.1021/la301695m PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 005ZC UT WOS:000308787700029 PM 22721507 ER PT J AU Snider, RM Strycharz-Glaven, SM Tsoi, SD Erickson, JS Tender, LM AF Snider, Rachel M. Strycharz-Glaven, Sarah M. Tsoi, Stanislav D. Erickson, Jeffrey S. Tender, Leonard M. TI Long-range electron transport in Geobacter sulfurreducens biofilms is redox gradient-driven SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE microbial fuel cell; bioelectrochemical system; microbial electrochemistry; geomicrobiology; multistep electron hopping ID METAL-REDUCING MICROORGANISM; WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; MICROBIAL FUEL-CELLS; C-TYPE CYTOCHROMES; BACTERIAL NANOWIRES; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; FE(III) OXIDE; OUTER-SURFACE; REDUCTION; CONDUCTIVITY AB Geobacter spp. can acquire energy by coupling intracellular oxidation of organic matter with extracellular electron transfer to an anode (an electrode poised at a metabolically oxidizing potential), forming a biofilm extending many cell lengths away from the anode surface. It has been proposed that long-range electron transport in such biofilms occurs through a network of bound redox cofactors, thought to involve extracellular matrix c-type cytochromes, as occurs for polymers containing discrete redox moieties. Here, we report measurements of electron transport in actively respiring Geobacter sulfurreducens wild type biofilms using interdigitated microelectrode arrays. Measurements when one electrode is used as an anode and the other electrode is used to monitor redox status of the biofilm 15 mu m away indicate the presence of an intrabiofilm redox gradient, in which the concentration of electrons residing within the proposed redox cofactor network is higher farther from the anode surface. The magnitude of the redox gradient seems to correlate with current, which is consistent with electron transport from cells in the biofilm to the anode, where electrons effectively diffuse from areas of high to low concentration, hopping between redox cofactors. Comparison with gate measurements, when one electrode is used as an electron source and the other electrode is used as an electron drain, suggests that there are multiple types of redox cofactors in Geobacter biofilms spanning a range in oxidation potential that can engage in electron transport. The majority of these redox cofactors, however, seem to have oxidation potentials too negative to be involved in electron transport when acetate is the electron source. C1 [Strycharz-Glaven, Sarah M.; Tsoi, Stanislav D.; Erickson, Jeffrey S.; Tender, Leonard M.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Snider, Rachel M.] CNR, Washington, DC 20001 USA. RP Tender, LM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Tender@nrl.navy.mil RI Erickson, Jeffrey/F-6273-2011 FU Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research [N00014-10-WX20463] FX Funding was provided by the Naval Research Laboratory and Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-10-WX20463. NR 70 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 12 U2 182 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 18 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 38 BP 15467 EP 15472 DI 10.1073/pnas.1209829109 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 012BS UT WOS:000309211000079 PM 22955881 ER PT J AU Fiorentino, LA Olascoaga, MJ Reniers, A Feng, Z Beron-Vera, FJ MacMahan, JH AF Fiorentino, L. A. Olascoaga, M. J. Reniers, A. Feng, Z. Beron-Vera, F. J. MacMahan, J. H. TI Using Lagrangian Coherent Structures to understand coastal water quality SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Lagrangian Coherent Structures; Water quality; Dynamical systems; Coastal circulation; Tidal regime ID MARINE; ENTEROCOCCI; FLOWS; ZONE AB The accumulation of pollutants near the shoreline can result in low quality coastal water with negative effects on human health. To understand the role of mixing by tidal flows in coastal water quality we study the nearshore Lagrangian circulation. Specifically, we reveal Lagrangian Coherent Structures (LCSs), i.e., distinguished material curves which shape global mixing patterns and thus act as skeletons of the Lagrangian circulation. This is done using the recently developed geodesic theory of transport barriers. Particular focus is placed on Hobie Beach, a recreational subtropical marine beach located in Virginia Key, Miami, Florida. According to studies of water quality, Hobie Beach is characterized by high microbial levels. Possible sources of pollution in Hobie Beach include human bather shedding, dog fecal matter, runoff, and sand efflux at high tides. Consistent with the patterns formed by satellite-tracked drifter trajectories, the LCSs extracted from simulated currents reveal a Lagrangian circulation favoring the retention near the shoreline of pollutants released along the shoreline, which can help explain the low quality water registered at Hobie Beach. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fiorentino, L. A.; Olascoaga, M. J.; Reniers, A.; Feng, Z.; Beron-Vera, F. J.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [MacMahan, J. H.] USN, Dept Oceanog, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Fiorentino, LA (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. EM lfiorentino@rsmas.miami.edu RI Feng, Zhixuan/G-4001-2011; OI Feng, Zhixuan/0000-0002-4774-7027 FU National Science Foundation (NSF); National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Oceans and Human Health Center at the University of Miami Rosenstiel School [NSF OCE0432368/0911373/1127813, NIEHS P50 ES12736]; National Science Foundation [CMG0825547, OCE0926750, OCE0728324]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [CMG0825547, OCE1127813] FX We would like to thank John Wang and Xiaofang Zhu for use of the CAFE3D model. We also thank Helena Solo-Gabriele, Mike Brown, and Julie Hollenbeck for their support. L.A.F. was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Oceans and Human Health Center at the University of Miami Rosenstiel School [NSF OCE0432368/0911373/1127813] and [NIEHS P50 ES12736] and the National Science Foundation under Grant CMG0825547. M.J.O. was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant CMG0825547 and OCE1127813. A.R. and Z.F were supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Oceans and Human Health Center at the University of Miami Rosenstiel School [NSF OCE0432368/0911373/1127813] and [NIEHS P50 ES12736]. F.J. B.V. was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant CMG0825547. J.H.M. was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grants OCE0926750 and OCE0728324. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-4343 EI 1873-6955 J9 CONT SHELF RES JI Cont. Shelf Res. PD SEP 15 PY 2012 VL 47 BP 145 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.csr.2012.07.009 PG 5 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 028DU UT WOS:000310403800013 ER PT J AU Bose, M Floss, C Stadermann, FJ Stroud, RM Speck, AK AF Bose, Maitrayee Floss, Christine Stadermann, Frank J. Stroud, Rhonda M. Speck, Angela K. TI Circumstellar and interstellar material in the CO3 chondrite ALHA77307: An isotopic and elemental investigation SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID RED GIANT STARS; INTERPLANETARY DUST PARTICLES; MACROMOLECULAR ORGANIC-MATTER; PRESOLAR SILICON-CARBIDE; RICH AGB STARS; CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITES; METEORITIC ORGANICS; MINERAL FORMATION; STELLAR WINDS; SOLAR NEBULA AB We have carried out a NanoSIMS C, N and O ion imaging study of the CO3.0 chondrite ALHA77307. The distribution of O-anomalous grains in ALHA77307 is similar to that observed in other primitive meteorites, and is dominated (84%) by O-17-rich Group 1 grains from low-mass asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars of close-to-solar metallicity. Four percent of the grains belong to Group 2, whose O-18 depletions suggest cool-bottom processing in low-mass stars during the AGB phase, while 8% are Group 4 grains with likely origins in Type II supernova (SN) ejecta. One ferromagnesian silicate has a very high O-17 enrichment; nova explosions have been suggested as sources for such grains, but recent models with updated reaction rates show large discrepancies with the grain data, leaving the origins of these grains uncertain. Most of the grains are silicates (86%) with the remainder consisting of oxides (8%), three silica grains and two 'composite' grains composed of multiple subgrains with different elemental compositions. The elemental compositions of the silicates are similar to those found in other studies, with a predominance of non-stoichiometric compositions and high (up to 44 at.%) Fe concentrations. A comparison of isotopic and elemental compositions for all presolar silicates shows that olivine compositions are overabundant in Group 4 grains compared to grains from Groups 1 and 2. This may reflect injection of presolar material from a nearby supernova into the early solar nebula and incorporation into parent bodies before alteration of compositions through irradiation and sputtering in the interstellar medium, as is likely to have occurred for the Group 1 and 2 grains from more distant AGB stars. The matrix material in ALHA77307 contains abundant carbonaceous hotspots with excesses in N-15. However, unlike CR chondrites, the insoluble organic matter (IOM) in ALHA77307 does not have a bulk N isotopic anomaly, consistent with Raman evidence that it has experienced more processing than IOM from CR chondrites. Nevertheless, secondary processing has clearly not been so pervasive as to lead to complete destruction of N isotopic anomalies in this meteorite. Moreover, presolar silicate abundances and elemental compositions show little evidence for thermal processing, indicating a decoupling of the effects of metamorphism on organic matter and matrix silicates. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bose, Maitrayee; Floss, Christine; Stadermann, Frank J.] Washington Univ, Space Sci Lab, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Bose, Maitrayee; Floss, Christine; Stadermann, Frank J.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Stroud, Rhonda M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Speck, Angela K.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Floss, C (reprint author), Washington Univ, Space Sci Lab, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM floss@wustl.edu RI Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008 OI Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015 FU NASA [NNX07AU8OH, NNX10AI64G, NNX10AH43G] FX We thank Tim Smolar and Eric Inazaki for maintenance of the NanoSIMS 50 and PHI 700 Auger Nanoprobe. We would also like to thank two anonymous reviewers and Dr. Jerome Aleon for extensive comments. This work was supported by NASA grants NNX07AU8OH (M. Bose), and NNX10AI64G and NNX10AH43G (C. Floss). NR 110 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD SEP 15 PY 2012 VL 93 BP 77 EP 101 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2012.06.027 PG 25 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 000YK UT WOS:000308426800006 ER PT J AU Du, JY Jackson, TJ Bindlish, R Cosh, MH Li, L Hornbuckle, BK Kabela, ED AF Du, Jinyang Jackson, Thomas J. Bindlish, Rajat Cosh, Michael H. Li, Li Hornbuckle, Brian K. Kabela, Erik D. TI Effect of dew on aircraft-based passive microwave observations over an agricultural domain SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE dew; microwave emissivity; SMEX05; vegetation; airborne polarimetric microwave imaging radiometer ID AMSR-E; LAND; RETRIEVAL; EMISSION; SURFACES; WATER AB Microwave remote sensing can provide reliable measurements of surface soil moisture. However, some land surface conditions can have a perturbing influence on soil moisture retrievals. In the soil moisture experiments in 2005 (SMEX05), we attempted to contribute to the understanding of the effect of dew using concurrent ground and aircraft observations. Early morning flights were conducted with an airborne microwave radiometer from June 19 to July 2, 2005, in Iowa, USA over an agricultural domain. Results of the experiment indicated that dew had a small but measurable effect on the observed 10.7-GHz brightness temperatures. The results indicate that the H-pol emissivity increased 0.015 to 0.04 for the corn sites, 0.014 to 0.02 for soybean, and 0.01 for forest sites as dew evaporated. These results suggest that the presence of dew decreases X-band land surface emissivity slightly and the effect of dew varies with vegetation types. Our findings are consistent with other works in the literature that has found that the effect of dew depends on both the type of vegetation and the wavelength of observation, but further studies should be conducted to verify this hypothesis. (C) 2012 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.JRS.6.063571] C1 [Du, Jinyang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing Applicat, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Du, Jinyang] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Du, Jinyang; Jackson, Thomas J.; Bindlish, Rajat; Cosh, Michael H.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Li, Li] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hornbuckle, Brian K.] Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kabela, Erik D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Du, JY (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing Applicat, Datun Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM djy@irsa.ac.cn NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PD SEP 14 PY 2012 VL 6 AR 063571 DI 10.1117/1.JRS.6.063571 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 032FI UT WOS:000310697800003 ER PT J AU Ohia, O Egedal, J Lukin, VS Daughton, W Le, A AF Ohia, O. Egedal, J. Lukin, V. S. Daughton, W. Le, A. TI Demonstration of Anisotropic Fluid Closure Capturing the Kinetic Structure of Magnetic Reconnection SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETOTAIL AB Collisionless magnetic reconnection in high-temperature plasmas has been widely studied through fluid-based models. Here, we present results of fluid simulation implementing new equations of state for guide-field reconnection. The new fluid closure accurately accounts for the anisotropic electron pressure that builds in the reconnection region due to electric and magnetic trapping of electrons. In contrast to previous fluid models, our fluid simulation reproduces the detailed reconnection region as observed in fully kinetic simulations. We hereby demonstrate that the new fluid closure self-consistently captures all the physics relevant to the structure of the reconnection region, providing a gateway to a renewed and deeper theoretical understanding of reconnection in weakly collisional regimes. C1 [Ohia, O.; Egedal, J.; Le, A.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Lukin, V. S.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Daughton, W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ohia, O (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM jegedal@psfc.mit.edu RI Daughton, William/L-9661-2013 FU DOE [DE-FG02-06ER54878]; Office of Naval Research; NASA Solar and Heliospheric Physics Program; NASA Heliophysics Theory Program FX We gratefully acknowledge the computational help and support of Drs. D. Ernst and J. Wright. The work at MIT was funded in part by DOE Grant No. DE-FG02-06ER54878. Contributions from V. S. L. were supported by the Office of Naval Research and the NASA Solar and Heliospheric Physics Program while W. D. was supported by the NASA Heliophysics Theory Program. The simulations were performed using the advanced computing resources at NASA (Pleaides) and NERSC (Hopper). NR 20 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 13 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 11 AR 115004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.115004 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 004NS UT WOS:000308689000012 PM 23005640 ER PT J AU Comach, G Teneza-Mora, N Kochel, TJ Espino, C Sierra, G Camacho, DE Laguna-Torres, VA Garcia, J Chauca, G Gamero, ME Sovero, M Bordones, S Villalobos, I Melchor, A Halsey, ES AF Comach, Guillermo Teneza-Mora, Nimfa Kochel, Tadeusz J. Espino, Carlos Sierra, Gloria Camacho, Daria E. Alberto Laguna-Torres, V. Garcia, Josefina Chauca, Gloria Gamero, Maria E. Sovero, Merly Bordones, Slave Villalobos, Iris Melchor, Angel Halsey, Eric S. TI Sentinel Surveillance of Influenza-Like Illness in Two Hospitals in Maracay, Venezuela: 2006-2010 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY-INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES; VIRUS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CHILDREN; COMMUNITY; PNEUMONIA; ARGENTINA; ADULTS; PERU AB Background: Limited information exists on the epidemiology of acute febrile respiratory illnesses in tropical South American countries such as Venezuela. The objective of the present study was to examine the epidemiology of influenza-like illness (ILI) in two hospitals in Maracay, Venezuela. Methodology/Principal Findings: We performed a prospective surveillance study of persons with ILI who presented for care at two hospitals in Maracay, Venezuela, from October 2006 to December 2010. A respiratory specimen and clinical information were obtained from each participant. Viral isolation and identification with immunofluorescent antibodies and molecular methods were employed to detect respiratory viruses such as adenovirus, influenza A and B, parainfluenza, and respiratory sincytial virus, among others. There were 916 participants in the study (median age: 17 years; range: 1 month - 86 years). Viruses were identified in 143 (15.6%) subjects, and one participant was found to have a co-infection with more than one virus. Influenza viruses, including pandemic H1N1 2009, were the most frequently detected pathogens, accounting for 67.4% (97/144) of the viruses detected. Adenovirus (15/144), parainfluenza virus (13/144), and respiratory syncytial virus (11/144) were also important causes of ILI in this study. Pandemic H1N1 2009 virus became the most commonly isolated influenza virus during its initial appearance in 2009. Two waves of the pandemic were observed: the first which peaked in August 2009 and the second - higher than the preceding - that peaked in October 2009. In 2010, influenza A/H3N2 re-emerged as the most predominant respiratory virus detected. Conclusions/Significance: Influenza viruses were the most commonly detected viral organisms among patients with acute febrile respiratory illnesses presenting at two hospitals in Maracay, Venezuela. Pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus did not completely replace other circulating influenza viruses during its initial appearance in 2009. Seasonal influenza A/H3N2 was the most common influenza virus in the post-pandemic phase. C1 [Comach, Guillermo; Espino, Carlos; Sierra, Gloria; Camacho, Daria E.] Univ Carabobo BIOMED UC, Inst Invest Biomed, Lab Reg Diag & Invest Dengue & Otras Enfermedades, Maracay, Venezuela. [Teneza-Mora, Nimfa; Kochel, Tadeusz J.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Kochel, Tadeusz J.; Alberto Laguna-Torres, V.; Garcia, Josefina; Chauca, Gloria; Gamero, Maria E.; Sovero, Merly; Halsey, Eric S.] US Naval Med Res Unit Six NAMRU 6, Lima, Peru. [Bordones, Slave] Hosp Jose Maria Carabano Tosta, Inst Venezolano Seguros Sociales, Maracay, Venezuela. [Villalobos, Iris] Hosp Cent Maracay, Corp Salud Aragua CORPOSALUD ARAGUA, Maracay, Venezuela. [Melchor, Angel] Corp Salud Aragua CORPOSALUD ARAGUA, Direcc Epidemiol, Maracay, Venezuela. RP Comach, G (reprint author), Univ Carabobo BIOMED UC, Inst Invest Biomed, Lab Reg Diag & Invest Dengue & Otras Enfermedades, Maracay, Venezuela. EM gcomach@yahoo.com RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU United States Department of Defense, Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, a Division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center [847705.82000.25GB.B0016] FX This study was funded by the United States Department of Defense, Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, a Division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, WORK UNIT NUMBER: 847705.82000.25GB.B0016. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 11 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 9 AR e44511 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0044511 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 003VE UT WOS:000308638700066 PM 22984519 ER PT J AU Bassett, DS Alderson, DL Carlson, JM AF Bassett, Danielle S. Alderson, David L. Carlson, Jean M. TI Collective decision dynamics in the presence of external drivers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID CONTINUOUS OPINIONS; SOCIAL-MOVEMENTS; ANIMAL GROUPS; SIMPLE-MODEL; NETWORKS; BEHAVIOR; CONTAGION; DIFFUSION; CONSENSUS; AGENTS AB We develop a sequence of models describing information transmission and decision dynamics for a network of individual agents subject to multiple sources of influence. Our general framework is set in the context of an impending natural disaster, where individuals, represented by nodes on the network, must decide whether or not to evacuate. Sources of influence include a one-to-many externally driven global broadcast as well as pairwise interactions, across links in the network, in which agents transmit either continuous opinions or binary actions. We consider both uniform and variable threshold rules on the individual opinion as baseline models for decision making. Our results indicate that (1) social networks lead to clustering and cohesive action among individuals, (2) binary information introduces high temporal variability and stagnation, and (3) information transmission over the network can either facilitate or hinder action adoption, depending on the influence of the global broadcast relative to the social network. Our framework highlights the essential role of local interactions between agents in predicting collective behavior of the population as a whole. C1 [Bassett, Danielle S.; Carlson, Jean M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Bassett, Danielle S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Sage Ctr Study Mind, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Alderson, David L.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Bassett, DS (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM dbassett@physics.ucsb.edu FU Errett Fisher Foundation; Templeton Foundation; David and Lucile Packard Foundation; PHS [NS44393]; Sage Center for the Study of the Mind, Office of Naval Research MURI [N000140810747, 0001408WR20242]; NSF [DMS-0645369] FX We thank Nada Petrovic and Emily Craparo for useful discussions, and Mason A. Porter, Serge Galam, Andree Martins, and Ali Jadbabaie for comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. This work was supported by the Errett Fisher Foundation, Templeton Foundation, David and Lucile Packard Foundation, PHS Grant No. NS44393, Sage Center for the Study of the Mind, Office of Naval Research MURI Grants No. N000140810747 and No. 0001408WR20242, and NSF (Grant No. DMS-0645369). NR 102 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD SEP 11 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 3 AR 036105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.86.036105 PN 2 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 003DI UT WOS:000308588000001 PM 23030978 ER PT J AU Olmedo, O Vourlidas, A Zhang, J Cheng, X AF Olmedo, Oscar Vourlidas, Angelos Zhang, Jie Cheng, Xin TI SECONDARY WAVES AND/OR THE "REFLECTION" FROM AND "TRANSMISSION" THROUGH A CORONAL HOLE OF AN EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET WAVE ASSOCIATED WITH THE 2011 FEBRUARY 15 X2.2 FLARE OBSERVED WITH SDO/AIA AND STEREO/EUVI SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: flares; Sun: oscillations; Sun: UV radiation ID MAGNETIC-FIELD STRENGTH; X-RAY OBSERVATIONS; I 10830 ANGSTROM; EIT WAVES; MASS EJECTION; IMAGING TELESCOPE; LOOP OSCILLATIONS; ACTIVE-REGION; SOLAR CORONA; EUV WAVE AB For the first time, the kinematic evolution of a coronal wave over the entire solar surface is studied. Full Sun maps can be made by combining images from the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory satellites, Ahead and Behind, and the Solar Dynamics Observatory, thanks to the wide angular separation between them. We study the propagation of a coronal wave, also known as the "Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope" wave, and its interaction with a coronal hole (CH) resulting in secondary waves and/or reflection and transmission. We explore the possibility of the wave obeying the law of reflection. In a detailed example, we find that a loop arcade at the CH boundary cascades and oscillates as a result of the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wave passage and triggers a wave directed eastward that appears to have reflected. We find that the speed of this wave decelerates to an asymptotic value, which is less than half of the primary EUV wave speed. Thanks to the full Sun coverage we are able to determine that part of the primary wave is transmitted through the CH. This is the first observation of its kind. The kinematic measurements of the reflected and transmitted wave tracks are consistent with a fast-mode magnetohydrodynamic wave interpretation. Eventually, all wave tracks decelerate and disappear at a distance. A possible scenario of the whole process is that the wave is initially driven by the expanding coronal mass ejection and subsequently decouples from the driver and then propagates at the local fast-mode speed. C1 [Zhang, Jie] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cheng, Xin] Nanjing Univ, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Cheng, Xin] Nanjing Univ, Key Lab Modern Astron & Astrophys, Minist Educ, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Olmedo, Oscar; Vourlidas, Angelos] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM oscar.olmedo.ctr@nrl.navy.mil RI Cheng, Xin/G-6762-2011; Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009 OI Cheng, Xin/0000-0003-2837-7136; Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948 FU Naval Research Laboratory; NASA [S-136361-Y, NNX07AO72G]; NSF [ATM-0748003]; NSFC [10673004, 10828306, 10933003]; NKBRSF [2011CB811402] FX We thank the anonymous referee for their constructive comments that have greatly improved this work. We thank Guillermo Stenborg for providing the AIA wavelet enhanced images. O.O. acknowledges valuable discussions with Cooper Downs. This research was performed while O.O. held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at Naval Research Laboratory. The work of O.O. and A. V. is funded by NASA contract S-136361-Y. J.Z. is supported by NSF grant ATM-0748003 and NASA grant NNX07AO72G. X. C. is supported by NSFC under grants 10673004, 10828306, and 10933003 and NKBRSF under grant 2011CB811402. The AIA data used here are courtesy of SDO (NASA) and the AIA consortium. We thank the AIA team for the prompt and easy access to calibrated data. The SEC-CHI data are produced by an international consortium of the NRL, LMSAL and NASA GSFC (USA), RAL and University of Bham (UK), MPS (Germany), CSL (Belgium), and IOTA and IAS (France). NR 83 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 10 PY 2012 VL 756 IS 2 AR 143 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/756/2/143 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 009TN UT WOS:000309048200039 ER PT J AU Sanders, NE Soderberg, AM Valenti, S Foley, RJ Chornock, R Chomiuk, L Berger, E Smartt, S Hurley, K Barthelmy, SD Levesque, EM Narayan, G Botticella, MT Briggs, MS Connaughton, V Terada, Y Gehrels, N Golenetskii, S Mazets, E Cline, T von Kienlin, A Boynton, W Chambers, KC Grav, T Heasley, JN Hodapp, KW Jedicke, R Kaiser, N Kirshner, RP Kudritzki, RP Luppino, GA Lupton, RH Magnier, EA Monet, DG Morgan, JS Onaka, PM Price, PA Stubbs, CW Tonry, JL Wainscoat, RJ Waterson, MF AF Sanders, N. E. Soderberg, A. M. Valenti, S. Foley, R. J. Chornock, R. Chomiuk, L. Berger, E. Smartt, S. Hurley, K. Barthelmy, S. D. Levesque, E. M. Narayan, G. Botticella, M. T. Briggs, M. S. Connaughton, V. Terada, Y. Gehrels, N. Golenetskii, S. Mazets, E. Cline, T. von Kienlin, A. Boynton, W. Chambers, K. C. Grav, T. Heasley, J. N. Hodapp, K. W. Jedicke, R. Kaiser, N. Kirshner, R. P. Kudritzki, R-P. Luppino, G. A. Lupton, R. H. Magnier, E. A. Monet, D. G. Morgan, J. S. Onaka, P. M. Price, P. A. Stubbs, C. W. Tonry, J. L. Wainscoat, R. J. Waterson, M. F. TI SN 2010ay IS A LUMINOUS AND BROAD-LINED TYPE Ic SUPERNOVA WITHIN A LOW-METALLICITY HOST GALAXY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma-ray burst: general; supernovae: general; supernovae: individual (2010ay) ID GAMMA-RAY BURST; CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; 25 APRIL 1998; IBC SUPERNOVA; LIGHT CURVES; 100316D/SN 2010BH; PROGENITOR STARS; FORMATION RATES AB We report on our serendipitous pre-discovery detection and follow-up observations of the broad-lined Type Ic supernova (SN Ic) 2010ay at z = 0.067 imaged by the Pan-STARRS1 3 pi survey just similar to 4 days after explosion. The supernova (SN) had a peak luminosity, M-R approximate to -20.2 mag, significantly more luminous than known GRB-SNe and one of the most luminous SNe Ib/c ever discovered. The absorption velocity of SN 2010ay is v(Si) approximate to 19 x 10(3) km s(-1) at similar to 40 days after explosion, 2-5 times higher than other broad-lined SNe and similar to the GRB-SN 2010bh at comparable epochs. Moreover, the velocity declines similar to 2 times slower than other SNe Ic-BL and GRB-SNe. Assuming that the optical emission is powered by radioactive decay, the peak magnitude implies the synthesis of an unusually large mass of Ni-56, M-Ni = 0.9M(circle dot). Applying scaling relations to the light curve, we estimate a total ejecta mass, M-ej approximate to 4.7 M-circle dot, and total kinetic energy, E-K approximate to 11 x 10(51) erg. The ratio of M-Ni to M-ej is similar to 2 times as large for SN 2010ay as typical GRB-SNe and may suggest an additional energy reservoir. The metallicity (log(O/H)(PP04) + 12 = 8.19) of the explosion site within the host galaxy places SN 2010ay in the low-metallicity regime populated by GRB-SNe, and similar to 0.5(0.2) dex lower than that typically measured for the host environments of normal (broad-lined) SNe Ic. We constrain any gamma-ray emission with E-gamma less than or similar to 6 x 10(48) erg (25-150 keV), and our deep radio follow-up observations with the Expanded Very Large Array rule out relativistic ejecta with energy E greater than or similar to 10(48) erg. We therefore rule out the association of a relativistic outflow like those that accompanied SN 1998bw and traditional long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), but we place less-stringent constraints on a weak afterglow like that seen from XRF 060218. If this SN did not harbor a GRB, these observations challenge the importance of progenitor metallicity for the production of relativistic ejecta and suggest that other parameters also play a key role. C1 [Sanders, N. E.; Soderberg, A. M.; Foley, R. J.; Chornock, R.; Chomiuk, L.; Berger, E.; Kirshner, R. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Valenti, S.; Smartt, S.; Botticella, M. T.] Queens Univ Belfast, Astrophys Res Ctr, Sch Maths & Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Chomiuk, L.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Hurley, K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Barthelmy, S. D.; Gehrels, N.; Cline, T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Levesque, E. M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, CASA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Narayan, G.; Stubbs, C. W.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Briggs, M. S.; Connaughton, V.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Terada, Y.] Saitama Univ, Dept Phys, Sakura Ku, Saitama 3388570, Japan. [Golenetskii, S.; Mazets, E.] AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, Expt Astrophys Lab, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. [von Kienlin, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Boynton, W.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Chambers, K. C.; Heasley, J. N.; Hodapp, K. W.; Jedicke, R.; Kaiser, N.; Kudritzki, R-P.; Luppino, G. A.; Magnier, E. A.; Morgan, J. S.; Onaka, P. M.; Tonry, J. L.; Wainscoat, R. J.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Grav, T.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85919 USA. [Lupton, R. H.; Price, P. A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Monet, D. G.] USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Waterson, M. F.] Univ Western Australia, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. RP Sanders, NE (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM nsanders@cfa.harvard.edu RI Terada, Yukikatsu/A-5879-2013; Waterson, Mark/B-7352-2013; Golenetskii, Sergey/B-3818-2015; Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012 OI Chambers, Kenneth /0000-0001-6965-7789; Terada, Yukikatsu/0000-0002-2359-1857; Waterson, Mark/0000-0002-0192-2686; Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724 FU RFBR [09-02-00166a]; NASA [NNX07AR71G, NNX08AN23G, NNX09AO97G, NNX08AX95G, NNX09AR28G, NNX09AU03G, NNX09AV61G]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate [NNX08AR22G]; National Science Foundation FX We are grateful to the following people for their assistance with the IPN data: C. Meegan (Fermi GBM), K. Yamaoka, M. Ohno, Y. Hanabata, Y. Fukazawa, T. Takahashi, M. Tashiro, T. Murakami, and K. Makishima (Suzaku WAM), J. Goldsten (MESSENGER), S. Barthelmy, J. Cummings, H. Krimm, and D. Palmer (Swift-BAT), R. Aptekar, V. Pal'shin, D. Frederiks, and D. Svinkin (Konus-Wind), X. Zhang and A. Rau (INTEGRAL SPI-ACS), and I. G. Mitrofanov, D. Golovin, M. L. Litvak, A. B. Sanin, C. Fellows, K. Harshman, H. Enos, and R. Starr (Odyssey). The Konus-Wind experiment is supported in the Russian Federation by RFBR Grant 09-02-00166a. K. H. acknowledges NASA support for the IPN under the following grants: NNX07AR71G (MESSENGER), NNX08AN23G and NNX09AO97G (Swift), NNX08AX95G and NNX09AR28G (INTEGRAL), NNX09AU03G (Fermi), and NNX09AV61G (Suzaku).; The PS1 Surveys have been made possible through contributions of the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, the Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queen's University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate.; This work was supported by the National Science Foundation through a Graduate Research Fellowship provided to NES. NR 130 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 10 PY 2012 VL 756 IS 2 AR 184 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/756/2/184 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 009TN UT WOS:000309048200080 ER PT J AU Goodman, DS Sivarajah, I Wells, JE Narducci, FA Smith, WW AF Goodman, D. S. Sivarajah, I. Wells, J. E. Narducci, F. A. Smith, W. W. TI Ion-neutral-atom sympathetic cooling in a hybrid linear rf Paul and magneto-optical trap SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID LASER-COOLED IONS; ASSOCIATIVE IONIZATION; MASS-SPECTROMETER; SODIUM ATOMS; SIMULATION; COLLISIONS; INJECTION; XENON AB Long-range polarization forces between ions and neutral atoms result in large elastic scattering cross sections (e. g., similar to 10(6) a.u. for Na-Na+ or Na-Ca+ at cold and ultracold temperatures). This suggests that a hybrid ion-neutral trap should offer a general means for significant sympathetic cooling of atomic or molecular ions. We present SIMION 7.0 simulation results concerning the advantages and limitations of sympathetic cooling within a hybrid trap apparatus consisting of a linear rf Paul trap concentric with a Na magneto-optical trap (MOT). This paper explores the impact of various heating mechanisms on the hybrid system and how parameters related to the MOT, Paul trap, number of ions, and ion species affect the efficiency of the sympathetic cooling. C1 [Goodman, D. S.; Sivarajah, I.; Wells, J. E.; Smith, W. W.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Narducci, F. A.] Naval Air Syst Command, EO Sensors Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Goodman, DS (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. FU National Science Foundation [PHY-0855570] FX We acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-0855570. F.A.N. thanks the University of Connecticut group for its hospitality during numerous visits. We also thank Jian Lin and Charles Talbot for their work on earlier versions of the SIMION simulations. NR 50 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD SEP 10 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 3 AR 033408 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.86.033408 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 002JH UT WOS:000308527400012 ER PT J AU Lee, ZP Hu, CM Arnone, R Liu, Z AF Lee, Zhongping Hu, Chuanmin Arnone, Robert Liu, Zhen TI Impact of sub-pixel variations on ocean color remote sensing products SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID WATER-LEAVING RADIANCE; DIFFUSE-REFLECTANCE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SHALLOW WATERS; DEPTH; MODEL; MODIS; CHLOROPHYLL; VARIABILITY; IMAGERY AB Passive remote sensing of the Earth system has used spatial resolutions ranging from meters to kilometers. It is thus necessary to understand how data products with different spatial resolutions can be compared with each other, and how sub-pixel variations may affect data comparison. This is particularly important for ocean color remote sensing where the measured signal (water-leaving radiance or remote sensing reflectance) is a non-linear function of sub-surface constituents. As a result, products at low resolution are not necessarily arithmetic or geometric means of those at higher resolution. Here, we developed analytical expressions to link ocean color properties derived from high-and low-resolution data, and the proof-of-concept is further demonstrated with both simple examples and measurements of MERIS full-resolution (FR) and reduced resolution (RR). These results suggest that current global chlorophyll concentration is likely underestimated due to the coarse spatial resolutions. Application of the expressions will facilitate cross-sensor comparisons and may also reduce uncertainties. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Lee, Zhongping; Liu, Zhen] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Earth & Ocean Sci, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Hu, Chuanmin] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. [Arnone, Robert] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Lee, ZP (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Earth & Ocean Sci, Harbor Campus, Boston, MA 02125 USA. EM Zhongping.lee@umb.edu RI hu, chuanmin/J-5021-2012 FU U.S. NASA Applied Sciences program; Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry (OBB) program; Water and Energy Cycle program; Naval Research Laboratory FX Financial support provided by the U.S. NASA Applied Sciences, Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry (OBB) and Water and Energy Cycle programs, and the Naval Research Laboratory is greatly appreciated. We are extremely grateful to the comments and suggestions from three anonymous reviewers that greatly improved this manuscript. NR 34 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 24 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD SEP 10 PY 2012 VL 20 IS 19 BP 20844 EP 20854 DI 10.1364/OE.20.020844 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA 007CE UT WOS:000308865600028 PM 23037208 ER PT J AU Bewley, WW Canedy, CL Kim, CS Kim, M Merritt, CD Abell, J Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR AF Bewley, William W. Canedy, Chadwick L. Kim, Chul Soo Kim, Mijin Merritt, Charles D. Abell, Joshua Vurgaftman, Igor Meyer, Jerry R. TI High-power room-temperature continuous-wave mid-infrared interband cascade lasers SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article AB We demonstrate cw output powers >290 mW into a nearly diffraction-limited (M-2 approximate to 2.2) output beam from an interband cascade laser operating at lambda = 3.6-3.7 mu m at room temperature. The interband cascade laser was designed for nearly equal electron and hole populations in the active region with heavy electron-injector doping, and was processed into narrow ridges mounted epitaxial side down on a copper heat sink. A 15.7-mu m-wide, 4-mm-long ridge with the back facet coated for high reflection (HR) and an anti-reflection-coated front facet produced 253 mW of cw output power at T = 25 degrees C into a beam with M-2 approximate to 2.7. Furthermore, corrugating the sidewalls of the ridge leads to a 20% improvement in the brightness. A 15.7-mu m-wide, 0.5-mm-long ridge with an HR-coated back facet and an uncoated front facet exhibited a maximum cw wall-plug efficiency of nearly 15% at room temperature. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Bewley, William W.; Canedy, Chadwick L.; Kim, Chul Soo; Merritt, Charles D.; Abell, Joshua; Vurgaftman, Igor; Meyer, Jerry R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kim, Mijin] Sotera Def Solut Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Bewley, WW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil NR 19 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 7 U2 29 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD SEP 10 PY 2012 VL 20 IS 19 BP 20894 EP 20901 DI 10.1364/OE.20.020894 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 007CE UT WOS:000308865600033 PM 23037213 ER PT J AU Alves, F Kearney, B Grbovic, D Karunasiri, G AF Alves, Fabio Kearney, Brian Grbovic, Dragoslav Karunasiri, Gamani TI Narrowband terahertz emitters using metamaterial films SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-CASCADE LASERS; OPTICAL-CONSTANTS; TIME; ABSORBERS AB In this article we report on metamaterial- based narrowband thermal terahertz (THz) emitters with a bandwidth of about 1 THz. Single band emitters designed to radiate in the 4 to 8 THz range were found to emit as high as 36 W/m(2) when operated at 400 degrees C. Emission into two well-separated THz bands was also demonstrated by using metamaterial structures featuring more complex unit cells. Imaging of heated emitters using a microbolometer camera fitted with THz optics clearly showed the expected higher emissivity from the metamaterial structure compared to low-emissivity of the surrounding aluminum. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Alves, Fabio; Kearney, Brian; Grbovic, Dragoslav; Karunasiri, Gamani] USN, Dept Phys, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Alves, F (reprint author), USN, Dept Phys, Postgrad Sch, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM fdalves@nps.edu FU ONR; Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX This work is supported in part by a grant from the ONR. The authors would like to thank Brett Borden and James Luscombe for helpful discussions and Emmanuel Dupont, Nick Lavrik and Sam Barone for technical assistance. A portion of this research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 59 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD SEP 10 PY 2012 VL 20 IS 19 BP 21025 EP 21032 DI 10.1364/OE.20.021025 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 007CE UT WOS:000308865600046 PM 23037226 ER PT J AU Wonaschuetz, A Sorooshian, A Ervens, B Chuang, PY Feingold, G Murphy, SM de Gouw, J Warneke, C Jonsson, HH AF Wonaschuetz, Anna Sorooshian, Armin Ervens, Barbara Chuang, Patrick Y. Feingold, Graham Murphy, Shane M. de Gouw, Joost Warneke, Carsten Jonsson, Haflidi H. TI Aerosol and gas re-distribution by shallow cumulus clouds: An investigation using airborne measurements SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; AQUEOUS-PHASE PHOTOOXIDATION; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODELS; POWER-PLANT PLUMES; IN-CLOUD; UNITED-STATES; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MARINE ATMOSPHERE; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; OXALIC-ACID AB Aircraft measurements during the 2006 Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric Composition and Climate Study (GoMACCS) are used to examine the influence of shallow cumulus clouds on vertical profiles of aerosol chemical composition, size distributions, and secondary aerosol precursor gases. The data show signatures of convective transport of particles, gases and moisture from near the surface to higher altitudes, and of aqueous-phase production of aerosol mass (sulfate and organics) in cloud droplets and aerosol water. In cloudy conditions, the average aerosol volume concentration at an altitude of 2850 m, above typical cloud top levels, was found to be 34% of that at 450 m; for clear conditions, the same ratio was 13%. Both organic and sulfate mass fractions were on average constant with altitude (around 50%); however, the ratio of oxalate to organic mass increased with altitude (from 1% at 450 m to almost 9% at 3450 m), indicative of the influence of in-cloud production on the vertical abundance and characteristics of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) mass. A new metric termed "residual cloud fraction" is introduced as a way of quantifying the "cloud processing history" of an air parcel. Results of a parcel model simulating aqueous phase production of sulfate and organics reproduce observed trends and point at a potentially important role of SOA production, especially oligomers, in deliquesced aerosols. The observations emphasize the importance of shallow cumulus clouds in altering the vertical distribution of aerosol properties that influence both their direct and indirect effect on climate. C1 [Sorooshian, Armin] Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Wonaschuetz, Anna; Sorooshian, Armin] Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Ervens, Barbara; Murphy, Shane M.; de Gouw, Joost; Warneke, Carsten] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Ervens, Barbara; Feingold, Graham; de Gouw, Joost; Warneke, Carsten] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Chuang, Patrick Y.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Jonsson, Haflidi H.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Ctr Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft S, Monterey, CA USA. RP Sorooshian, A (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, POB 210011, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM armin@email.arizona.edu RI Warneke, Carsten/E-7174-2010; Ervens, Barbara/D-5495-2013; Feingold, Graham/B-6152-2009; de Gouw, Joost/A-9675-2008; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; OI Ervens, Barbara/0000-0002-6223-1635; de Gouw, Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826; Sorooshian, Armin/0000-0002-2243-2264 FU NOAA [NA06OAR4310082] FX This work was supported by NOAA grant NA06OAR4310082 and by NOAA's Climate Goal. We gratefully acknowledge Roya Bahreini (AMS), Ann Middlebrook (AMS), and John Holloway (SO2) for providing NOAA WP-3D aircraft data. We thank Harmony Gates for use of Twin Otter DMA data, and Michael Trainer for helpful discussions. We gratefully acknowledge the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for the provision of the HYSPLIT transport and dispersion model and READY web site (http://ready.arl.noaa.gov) used in this publication. NR 101 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 33 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 6 PY 2012 VL 117 AR D17202 DI 10.1029/2012JD018089 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 029ZR UT WOS:000310537900007 ER PT J AU Martinez, JI Calle-Vallejo, F Krowne, CM Alonso, JA AF Martinez, Jose I. Calle-Vallejo, Federico Krowne, Clifford M. Alonso, Julio A. TI First-Principles Structural and Electronic Characterization of Ordered SiO2 Nanowires SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; BAND-GAPS; SILICA NANOWIRES; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; SEMICONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; TRIDYMITE; ENERGY; CELLS; METAL AB Density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations have been used to optimize the structure of nanowires of SiO2. The starting structures were based on beta-cristobalite, ortho-tridymite, beta-tridymite, and rutile crystals. The analysis of the electronic structure has been validated by many-body perturbation calculations using the G(0)W(0) and GW + Bethe-Salpeter equation approximations, to account for quasiparticle and excitonic effects. The calculations indicate that many of these nanowires have semiconducting character, while the corresponding bulk solids are insulators. In the case of thick rutilelike nanowires, we found the gap congested with surface states. Electronic charge is transferred from silicon atoms to oxygen atoms, and the bonding in the nanowires is partly ionic and partly covalent. The magnitude of the band gap can be engineered by changing the structure and the thickness of the nanowires. C1 [Martinez, Jose I.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor Mat Condensada, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Calle-Vallejo, Federico] Leiden Univ, Leiden Inst Chem, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Krowne, Clifford M.] USN, Microwave Technol Branch, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Alonso, Julio A.] Univ Valladolid, Dept Fis Teor Atom & Opt, Fac Ciencias, ES-47005 Valladolid, Spain. RP Martinez, JI (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor Mat Condensada, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. EM joseignacio.martinez@uam.es RI Martinez, Jose/H-2645-2012; Yambo, MBPT Code/O-4564-2015; Alonso, Julio /D-5781-2016 OI Martinez, Jose/0000-0002-2086-8603; Alonso, Julio /0000-0002-8604-8608 FU Spanish MICINN; European Regional Development Fund [MAT2008-06483-C03-01, MAT2011-22781, FIS2010-16046]; Junta de Castilla y Leon [VA158A11-2]; CAM [S2009/MAT-1467]; European Project MINOTOR [FP7-NMP-228424]; Spanish MICIIN FX Results presented here were conducted under the aegis of the NRL NanoScience Institute (NSI), project "Nanoparticulate Ruthenium Dioxide Shells on Dielectric Cores: Basic Electro-Chemistry, Physics, and Material Science of a Single-Unit-Thick Electron Conductor and the Implications for Energy and Electro-Optical Applications". The work was supported by Spanish MICINN and the European Regional Development Fund (grants MAT2008-06483-C03-01, MAT2011-22781, and FIS2010-16046), Junta de Castilla y Leon (grant VA158A11-2), CAM (grant S2009/MAT-1467), and the European Project MINOTOR (Grant FP7-NMP-228424). J.I.M. acknowledges funding from Spanish MICIIN through Juan de la Cierva Program. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD SEP 6 PY 2012 VL 116 IS 35 BP 18973 EP 18982 DI 10.1021/jp3009223 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 999UD UT WOS:000308339600051 ER PT J AU Broido, DA Lindsay, L Ward, A AF Broido, D. A. Lindsay, L. Ward, A. TI Thermal conductivity of diamond under extreme pressure: A first-principles study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DIELECTRIC SOLIDS; MGO; SCATTERING; CRYSTALS; PBTE AB Using a first-principles approach based on density functional perturbation theory and an exact numerical solution to the phonon Boltzmann equation, we show that application of high compressive hydrostatic pressure dramatically increases the thermal conductivity of diamond. We connect this enhancement to the overall increased frequency scale with pressure, which makes acoustic velocities higher and reduces phonon-phonon scattering rates. Of particular importance is the often-neglected fact that heat-carrying acoustic phonons are coupled through lattice anharmonicity to higher frequency optic modes. An increase in optic mode frequencies with pressure weakens this coupling and contributes to driving the diamond thermal conductivities to far larger values than in any material at ambient pressure and temperature. C1 [Broido, D. A.] Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. [Lindsay, L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ward, A.] Boston Coll, Dept Biol, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. RP Broido, DA (reprint author), Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. RI Lindsay, Lucas/C-9221-2012 OI Lindsay, Lucas/0000-0001-9645-7993 FU National Science Foundation [1066634]; DARPA; NRC/NRL Research Associateship Program FX D.A.B. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation under grant number 1066634. L. L. acknowledges support from DARPA and from the NRC/NRL Research Associateship Program. We also thank Derek Stewart and Natalio Mingo for their useful input. NR 57 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 45 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 6 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 11 AR 115203 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.115203 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 000NK UT WOS:000308392800003 ER PT J AU Anand, P Escuadro, H Gera, R Hartke, SG Stolee, D AF Anand, Pranav Escuadro, Henry Gera, Ralucca Hartke, Stephen G. Stolee, Derrick TI On the hardness of recognizing triangular line graphs SO DISCRETE MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th French Combinatorial Conference (FCC) CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2010 CL Orsay, FRANCE SP Algorithms Res Grp, Univ Paris-Sud 11, LRI, Graph Theory & Combinatorial Optimizat Res Grp, CNRS, French Minist Educ, GDR/CNRS-IM, Lab Comp Sci (LRI), Univ Paris-Sud 11 DE Triangular line graph; H-line graph; NP-complete; Line graph ID SEQUENCES AB Given a graph G, its triangular line graph is the graph T(G) with vertex set consisting of the edges of G and adjacencies between edges that are incident in G as well as being within a common triangle. Graphs with a representation as the triangular line graph of some graph G are triangular line graphs, which have been studied under many names including anti-Gallai graphs, 2-in-3 graphs, and link graphs. While closely related to line graphs, triangular line graphs have been difficult to understand and characterize. Van Bang Le asked if recognizing triangular line graphs has an efficient algorithm or is computationally complex. We answer this question by proving that the complexity of recognizing triangular line graphs is NP-complete via a reduction from 3-SAT. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gera, Ralucca] USN, Dept Appl Math, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Anand, Pranav] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Linguist, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Escuadro, Henry] Juniata Coll, Dept Math, Huntingdon, PA 16652 USA. [Hartke, Stephen G.; Stolee, Derrick] Univ Nebraska, Dept Math, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Stolee, Derrick] Univ Nebraska, Dept Comp Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Gera, R (reprint author), USN, Dept Appl Math, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM panand@ucsc.edu; escuadro@juniata.edu; rgera@nps.edu; hartke@math.unl.edu; s-dstolee1@math.unl.edu NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-365X J9 DISCRETE MATH JI Discret. Math. PD SEP 6 PY 2012 VL 312 IS 17 SI SI BP 2627 EP 2638 DI 10.1016/j.disc.2011.11.037 PG 12 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 980DF UT WOS:000306873100016 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, L Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Alekseev, I Alford, J Anderson, BD Anson, CD Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, E Averichev, GS Balewski, J Bannerjee, A Barnovska, Z Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bordyuzhin, IG Borowski, W Bouchet, J Brandin, AV Brovko, SG Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Butterworth, J Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Chen, L Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Chung, P Chwastowski, J Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Cui, X Leyva, AD De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J de Souza, RD Dhamija, S Didenko, L Ding, F Dion, A Djawotho, P Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Eun, L Evdokimov, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Fedorisin, J Fersch, RG Filip, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Geurts, F Gliske, S Gorbunov, YN Grebenyuk, OG Grosnick, D Gupta, S Guryn, W Haag, B Hajkova, O Hamed, A Han, LX Harris, JW Hays-Wehle, JP Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Horvat, S Huang, B Huang, HZ Huck, P Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jena, C Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kesich, A Kettler, D Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kizka, V Klein, SR Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Koralt, I Koroleva, L Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kumar, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, L Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, ZM Lima, LM Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Lu, Y Luo, X Luszczak, A Ma, GL Ma, YG Don, DMMDM Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D McShane, TS Mioduszewski, S Mitrovski, MK Mohammed, Y Mohanty, B Morozov, B Munhoz, MG Mustafa, MK Naglis, M Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nogach, LV Novak, J Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Ohlson, A Okorokov, V Oldag, EW Oliveira, RAN Olson, D Ostrowski, P Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Peryt, W Pile, P Planinic, M Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Powell, CB Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Przybycien, M Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Qiu, H Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Riley, CK Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ross, JF Ruan, L Rusnak, J Sahoo, NR Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandacz, A Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, B Schmitz, N Schuster, TR Seele, J Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, B Sharma, M Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, D Smirnov, N Solanki, D Sorensen, P deSouza, UG Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Steadman, SG Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Svirida, DN Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Turnau, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vossen, A Wada, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Witzke, W Wu, YF Xiao, Z Xie, W Xin, K Xu, H Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, W Xu, Y Xu, Z Xue, L Yang, Y Yang, Y Yepes, P Yi, Y Yip, K Yoo, IK Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhang, JB Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneeva, Y AF Adamczyk, L. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Anderson, B. D. Anson, C. D. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Bannerjee, A. Barnovska, Z. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Borowski, W. Bouchet, J. Brandin, A. V. Brovko, S. G. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Butterworth, J. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Chen, L. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Christie, W. Chung, P. Chwastowski, J. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Cui, X. Leyva, A. Davila De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derradi de Souza, R. Dhamija, S. Didenko, L. Ding, F. Dion, A. Djawotho, P. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Elnimr, M. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Eun, L. Evdokimov, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Fedorisin, J. Fersch, R. G. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gangadharan, D. R. Geurts, F. Gliske, S. Gorbunov, Y. N. Grebenyuk, O. G. Grosnick, D. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hajkova, O. Hamed, A. Han, L-X. Harris, J. W. Hays-Wehle, J. P. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Horvat, S. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jena, C. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kesich, A. Kettler, D. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Kizka, V. Klein, S. R. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Koralt, I. Koroleva, L. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kumar, L. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, L. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. M. Lima, L. M. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Lu, Y. Luo, X. Luszczak, A. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Mioduszewski, S. Mitrovski, M. K. Mohammed, Y. Mohanty, B. Morozov, B. Munhoz, M. G. Mustafa, M. K. Naglis, M. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nogach, L. V. Novak, J. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Ohlson, A. Okorokov, V. Oldag, E. W. Oliveira, R. A. N. Olson, D. Ostrowski, P. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Porter, J. Poskanzer, A. M. Powell, C. B. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Przybycien, M. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Riley, C. K. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ross, J. F. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Sahoo, N. R. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandacz, A. Sandweiss, J. Sangaline, E. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, B. Schmitz, N. Schuster, T. R. Seele, J. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, B. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, D. Smirnov, N. Solanki, D. Sorensen, P. deSouza, U. G. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Steadman, S. G. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Symons, T. J. M. Szanto de Toledo, A. Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trainor, T. A. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Trzeciak, B. A. Tsai, O. D. Turnau, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Videbaek, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Vossen, A. Wada, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Witzke, W. Wu, Y. F. Xiao, Z. Xie, W. Xin, K. Xu, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xue, L. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yi, Y. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkarneeva, Y. CA STAR Collaboration TI Transverse single-spin asymmetry and cross section for pi(0) and eta mesons at large Feynman x in p(up arrow) + p collisions at root s=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID FRAGMENTATION; POLARIZATION; GEV/C; BEAM AB Measurements of the differential cross section and the transverse single-spin asymmetry, A(N), vs x(F) for pi(0) and eta mesons are reported for 0.4 < x(F) < 0.75 at an average pseudorapidity of 3.68. A data sample of approximately 6.3 pb(-1) was analyzed, which was recorded during p(up arrow) + p collisions at root s = 200 GeV by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The average transverse beam polarization was 56%. The cross section for pi(0), including the previously unmeasured region of x(F) > 0.55, is consistent with a perturbative QCD prediction, and the eta/pi(0) cross-section ratio agrees with existing midrapidity measurements. For 0.55 < x(F) < 0.75, the average A(N) for eta is 0.210 +/- 0.056, and that for pi(0) is 0.081 +/- 0.016. The probability that these two asymmetries are equal is similar to 3%. C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Przybycien, M.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Krakow, Poland. [Gliske, S.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E.; Beavis, D. R.; Burton, T. P.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; Didenko, L.; Dion, A.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fazio, S.; Fisyak, Y.; Guryn, W.; Huang, B.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Mitrovski, M. K.; Ogawa, A.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Schmidke, B.; Smirnov, D.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Brovko, S. G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Ding, F.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Kesich, A.; Mall, O. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.; Sangaline, E.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cendejas, R.; Dunkelberger, L. E.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Pan, Y. X.; Shah, N.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Whitten, C., Jr.; Xu, W.; Zhao, F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Derradi de Souza, R.; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, J. Y.; Chen, L.; Huck, P.; Ke, H. W.; Li, Z. M.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y. F.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J. B.] Cent China Normal Univ HZNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Betts, R. R.; Evdokimov, O.; Hofman, D. J.; Kauder, K.; Pei, H.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Chwastowski, J.; Luszczak, A.] Cracow Univ Technol, Krakow, Poland. [Cherney, M.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige; McShane, T. S.; Ross, J. F.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. 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G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Kizka, V.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Fatemi, R.; Fersch, R. G.; Korsch, W.; Webb, G.; Witzke, W.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Alford, J.; Anderson, B. D.; Bouchet, J.; Joseph, J.; Keane, D.; Kumar, L.; Margetis, S.; Pandit, Y.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.; Zhang, W. M.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Du, C. M.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Dong, X.; Eun, L.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Kiryluk, J.; Klein, S. R.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Naglis, M.; Odyniec, G.; Olson, D.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Powell, C. B.; Qiu, H.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Schmah, A. M.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. 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P.; Konzer, J.; Li, X.; Mustafa, M. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.; Yi, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I-K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Solanki, D.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Butterworth, J.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Xin, K.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Lima, L. M.; Munhoz, M. G.; Oliveira, R. A. N.; deSouza, U. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; Szanto de Toledo, A.] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Cui, X.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Li, X.; Xu, Q. H.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Chen, J. H.; Han, L-X.; Li, W.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shou, Q. Y.; Tian, J.; Xue, L.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, Y. H.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Borowski, W.; Kabana, S.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Cervantes, M. C.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Djawotho, P.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Huo, L.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mohammed, Y.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Leyva, A. Davila; Hoffmann, G. W.; Li, L.; Markert, C.; Oldag, E. W.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; De Silva, L. C.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Bannerjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Mohanty, B.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Sahoo, N. R.; Singaraju, R. N.; Tribedy, P.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Kisiel, A.; Ostrowski, P.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Sandacz, A.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.; Trainor, T. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Putschke, J.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Ohlson, A.; Riley, C. K.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Adamczyk, L (reprint author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Krakow, Poland. RI Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Aparecido Negrao de Oliveira, Renato/G-9133-2015; Bruna, Elena/C-4939-2014; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Xin, Kefeng/O-9195-2016; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Xu, Wenqin/H-7553-2014; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Xue, Liang/F-8077-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Rusnak, Jan/G-8462-2014; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014 OI Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Bruna, Elena/0000-0001-5427-1461; Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Xin, Kefeng/0000-0003-4853-9219; Xu, Wenqin/0000-0002-5976-4991; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Xue, Liang/0000-0002-2321-9019; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; FU RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; Open Science Grid consortium; Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; Sloan Foundation; Renaissance Technologies Corporation; DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe'' of Germany; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM and NWO of the Netherlands; DAE; DST; CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia; CNRS/IN2P3 FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, the Sloan Foundation, a sponsored research grant from Renaissance Technologies Corporation, the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe'' of Germany, CNRS/IN2P3, FAPESP CNPq of Brazil, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FOM and NWO of the Netherlands, DAE, DST, and CSIR of India, Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Korea Research Foundation, Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 42 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD SEP 5 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 5 AR 051101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.86.051101 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 999WA UT WOS:000308344600001 ER PT J AU Sha, XW Economou, EN Papaconstantopoulos, DA Pederson, MR Mehl, MJ Kafesaki, M AF Sha, X. W. Economou, E. N. Papaconstantopoulos, D. A. Pederson, M. R. Mehl, M. J. Kafesaki, M. TI Possible molecular bottom-up approach to optical metamaterials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE-INDEX METAMATERIALS; TOTAL-ENERGY METHOD; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; NOBLE-METALS; FREE-SPACE; GRAPHENE; PLASMONICS; CONDUCTORS; TRANSITION; MU AB We investigate the possibility of a molecular bottom-up approach to the construction of the basic element for optical negative index metamaterials. Undoped and doped graphene-based molecules, including nanotubes, are considered. We employ first-principles and tight-binding electronic structure methods to determine the energy levels and the stability of the molecules. Under certain assumptions, we simulate the electromagnetic response of the molecules by a corresponding network of perfect wires. The nanotubes exhibit a resonant response at the soft x-ray range. C1 [Sha, X. W.; Economou, E. N.; Papaconstantopoulos, D. A.] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Pederson, M. R.; Mehl, M. J.] USN, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Economou, E. N.; Kafesaki, M.] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. [Economou, E. N.; Kafesaki, M.] Univ Crete, Iraklion, Greece. RP Sha, XW (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RI Economou, Eleftherios /E-6374-2010; Kafesaki, Maria/E-6843-2012; Mehl, Michael/H-8814-2016 OI Kafesaki, Maria/0000-0002-9524-2576; FU US Air Force [S-876-060-007]; UES Inc.; Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-09-1-1025]; European Union (EU); COST Action [MP0803] FX The authors would like to acknowledge support by the US Air Force via Grant S-876-060-007 with UES Inc. and by Office of Naval Research (ONR) Grant N00014-09-1-1025, and the European Union (EU) through the grants ENSEMBLE, NIMNIL, BY-NANOERA, and the COST Action MP0803. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 31 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 4 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 11 AR 115404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.115404 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 999DC UT WOS:000308288300012 ER PT J AU Elleman, BA AF Elleman, Bruce A. TI Collateral Damage: Sino-Soviet Rivalry and the Termination of the Sino-Vietnamese Alliance SO SLAVIC REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 [Elleman, Bruce A.] USN, War Coll, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Elleman, BA (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Newport, RI 02841 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV ILLINOIS, URBANA-CHAMPAIGN PI URBANA PA 1207 W OREGON ST, URBANA, IL 61801-3716 USA SN 0037-6779 J9 SLAVIC REV JI Slavic Rev. PD FAL PY 2012 VL 71 IS 3 BP 709 EP 710 PG 2 WC Area Studies; Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Area Studies; Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA 159TK UT WOS:000320070000052 ER PT J AU Coseo, NM Saldua, N Harrop, J AF Coseo, N. M. Saldua, N. Harrop, J. TI Current use of biologic graft extenders for spinal fusion SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Spinal fusion; Bone morphogenetic proteins; Mesenchymal stem cells; Bone matrix ID DEMINERALIZED BONE-MATRIX; BETA-TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE; ILIAC CREST AUTOGRAFT; POSTEROLATERAL LUMBAR ARTHRODESIS; OSTEOCONDUCTIVE BULKING AGENT; ABSORBABLE COLLAGEN SPONGE; DONOR SITE MORBIDITY; OP-1 PUTTY RHBMP-7; MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN-2; DEGENERATIVE SPONDYLOLISTHESIS AB Use of biologic graft extenders in spinal fusions is increasing. Multiple allograft alternatives exist to the "gold-standard" autologous bone grafting. The ideal graft extender is osteoconductive, osteoinductive and has osteogenic potential. While the ideal graft extender has yet to be found, available bone graft extenders have varying degrees of predominately osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties. This review will provide an update on available graft extenders including bone morphogenetic proteins, mesenchymal stem cells, and demineralized bone matrix. The goal is to provide a review of the current use in spinal fusions and future directions in biologics for spinal fusion. C1 [Coseo, N. M.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Thomas Jefferson Med Coll, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Coseo, NM (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM Mark.Coseo@med.navy.mil NR 48 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA PI TURIN PA CORSO BRAMANTE 83-85 INT JOURNALS DEPT., 10126 TURIN, ITALY SN 0390-5616 J9 J NEUROSURG SCI JI J. Neurosurg. Sci. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 56 IS 3 BP 203 EP 207 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 157JP UT WOS:000319892700004 PM 22854588 ER PT J AU Leonard, LR Toth, LJ AF Leonard, Lieutenant Randall Toth, Lieutenant Joseph TI FAILURE TO REPORT: THE RIGHT AGAINST SELF-INCRIMINATION AND THE NAVY'S TREATMENT OF CIVILIAN ARRESTS AFTER UNITED STATES v. SERIANNE SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 [Leonard, Lieutenant Randall] USN, Arlington, VA USA. [Toth, Lieutenant Joseph] US Naval Reserve, Norfolk, VA USA. RP Leonard, LR (reprint author), USN Acad, Mil Law Leadership Educ & Dev Div, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD FAL PY 2012 VL 213 BP 1 EP 28 PG 28 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 120GY UT WOS:000317160000001 ER PT J AU Nichols, TM AF Nichols, Thomas M. TI Brent Scowcroft: Internationalism and Post-Vietnam War American Foreign Policy SO JOURNAL OF COLD WAR STUDIES LA English DT Book Review C1 [Nichols, Thomas M.] USN, War Coll, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Nichols, TM (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Newport, RI 02841 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 55 HAYWARD STREET, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA SN 1520-3972 J9 J COLD WAR STUD JI J. Cold War Stud. PD FAL PY 2012 VL 14 IS 4 BP 227 EP 228 PG 2 WC History; International Relations; Political Science SC History; International Relations; Government & Law GA 099GZ UT WOS:000315610800013 ER PT J AU Kwon, YW Luteran, AM Didoszak, JM Kwon, AS AF Kwon, Y. W. Luteran, A. M. Didoszak, J. M. Kwon, A. S. TI Study of Solder/Copper interface Behavior Under Varying Strain Rates SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC PACKAGING LA English DT Article DE lead-free solder; interface failure; nonuniform strain rate ID LEAD-FREE SOLDERS; TENSILE PROPERTIES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TEMPERATURE; ALLOY AB This paper investigates the mechanical behavior of a copper solder interface when subjected to varying strain rate loading between 0.05 s(-1) and 10.0 s(-1). The copper is alloy 101, and the solder is lead-free type with a composition of 96% tin and 4% silver. Both uniform and nonuniform two-level strain rate loadings were applied. For the two-level strain rate loading, the strain rate was changed from one level to another during the loading process as a step change. The strain rate tests were performed at room temperature as well as at an elevated temperature of 65 degrees C. The test results showed significant effects of uniform and nonuniform strain rates as well as temperature on fracture surface, peak stress, fracture strain, modulus, and stored energy density until fracture. Generally, a higher strain rate increased the peak stress and fracture strain, but decreased the modulus. The heated specimens showed significantly reduced strength and fracture strain at high strain rates when compared to the specimens tested at room temperature. For the two-level strain rates, the sequence of the loading rates affected the material behavior significantly. The peak stress under the two-level strain rates might be located outside the range that was determined by the two individual uniform strain rates occurring in the two-level rates. On the other hand, the fracture strain under two-level strain rate loading always fell inside that range. An expression was proposed to predict the interface fracture strains for the case of a two-level strain rate loading based on the data of each respective single-level strain test. The prediction was reasonable when compared to the experimental data with an average absolute error of 10%. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4006862] C1 [Kwon, Y. W.; Luteran, A. M.; Didoszak, J. M.; Kwon, A. S.] USN, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kwon, YW (reprint author), USN, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1043-7398 J9 J ELECTRON PACKAGING JI J. Electron. Packag. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 134 IS 3 AR 031003 DI 10.1115/1.4006862 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 084QD UT WOS:000314553300003 ER PT J AU Jordan, SA AF Jordan, Stephen A. TI Spatial Resolution of the Axisymmetric Turbulent Statistics Along Thin Circular Cylinders at High Transverse Curvatures and Low-Re SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; BOUNDARY-LAYER; AXIAL-FLOW; WALL-PRESSURE; VELOCITY AB After three decades of accumulated experimental and numerical results, a comprehensive understanding of the spatial evolution of axisymmetric turbulent boundary layers (ATBL) along long thin cylinders still eludes both scientists and engineers. While experimentalists dealt with axial alignment complexities, computationalists lacked proper inflow boundary conditions. Herein, we correct this latter deficiency and initiate an investigation of the thin cylinder turbulence under low Reynolds numbers and high transverse curvatures (boundary layer thicknesses to radius). Using the large-eddy simulation (LES) methodology, we are particularly interested in the radial propagation of the transverse curvature on the ATBL statistics. A ten-simulation matrix was constructed to examine these effects with validation against the experimental evidence. These tests investigated the ATBL maturity up to transverse curvatures approaching 2 orders of magnitude. A recently developed turbulent inflow procedure for the thin cylinder was implemented that couples a dynamic form of Spalding's expression for rescaling the mean streamwise velocity with recycling of all superimposed turbulent fluctuations. The technique specifically circumvents intensive computations from the cylinder leading edge, and the rescaling-recycling combination minimizes the inflow turbulent regeneration length under very high transverse curvatures. After the initial transition phase in each LES computation, the respective numerical uncertainty was quantified to ensure sufficient spatial resolution within the discretized domain for resolving the energy-bearing scales of the turbulent motion. For the present low-Re conditions, the strength of the log layer steadily diminishes under continuous rise in the transverse curvature whereas the scaled fluctuating intensities elevate (except for the dominate shear stresses) with no sign towards full maturity. Each simulation reveals a boundary layer thickness that grows downstream by a factor of 7 relative to the momentum thickness with a linear influence of the transverse curvature on the wall-shear stress coefficient. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4007269] C1 USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Jordan, SA (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM stephen.jordan@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [N0001412AF00002]; Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division Newport FX The author gratefully acknowledges the support of the Office of Naval Research (Dr. Ronald D. Joslin, Program Officer), Contract N0001412AF00002, and the In-House Laboratory Independent Research Program (Dr. Anthony A. Ruffa, Program Coordinator) at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division Newport. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0098-2202 J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD SEP PY 2012 VL 134 IS 9 AR 091206 DI 10.1115/1.4007269 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 087KP UT WOS:000314760500009 ER PT J AU Fromm, MD Mcrae, RHD Sharples, JJ Kablick, GP AF Fromm, M. D. McRae, R. H. D. Sharples, J. J. Kablick, G. P., III TI Pyrocumulonimbus pair in Wollemi and Blue Mountains National Parks, 22 November 2006 SO AUSTRALIAN METEOROLOGICAL AND OCEANOGRAPHIC JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FIRE; AUSTRALIA AB On 22 November 2006 a pair of pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) storms, roughly 75 km apart, erupted simultaneously in the forests of Wollemi and Blue Mountains National Parks. The so-named Wollemi and Grose Valley fires blew up at an unusual time late morning and injected smoke into the uppermost troposphere. This is the first pyroCb event recorded during active pyroconvection by NASA's A-Train satellite constellation. Hence we show for the first time the pyroconvection column from simultaneous passive imagers, active lidar and radar, and UV backscattering instruments. There are no previous reports of pyroCb activity from Wollemi, and a report of the Grose Valley pyroconvective column limited its vertical extent to 6 km. Here we show, using ground-based radar data, that both fires blew up quasi-simultaneously before local noon. The Grose Valley pyroCb penetrated to the tropopause, the Wollemi pyroCb injection height exceeded the tropopause by 1-3 km. Analysis of a portion of the smoke plume sampled by the A-Train on 23 November confirms tropopause injection altitude. We explore a variety of meteorological observations and analyses to determine that the blow ups on 22 November 2006 (and only on this date in the fires' lifetimes) were mostly a consequence of anomalous boundary layer warmth and wind speed. C1 [Fromm, M. D.; Kablick, G. P., III] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Sharples, J. J.] Univ New S Wales, Appl & Ind Math Res Grp, Sch Phys Environm & Math Sci, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. RP Fromm, MD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM mike.fromm@nrl.navy.mil NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU AUSTRALIAN BUREAU METEOROLOGY PI MELBOURNE PA GPO BOX 1289, MELBOURNE, VIC 3001, AUSTRALIA SN 1836-716X J9 AUST METEOROL OCEAN JI Aust. Meteorol. Oceanogr. J. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 62 IS 3 BP 117 EP 126 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA 077DK UT WOS:000314007900001 ER PT J AU Leonhardt, CL Radowsky, J Fryer, D Brown, A Elster, E Tadaki, DK AF Leonhardt, C. L. Radowsky, J. Fryer, D. Brown, A. Elster, E. Tadaki, D. K. TI Efficacy of Subcutaneous Hydration of Cynomolgus Macaques with Normal Saline SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Leonhardt, C. L.; Radowsky, J.; Fryer, D.; Brown, A.; Elster, E.; Tadaki, D. K.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Leonhardt, C. L.; Fryer, D.; Brown, A.] Henry M Jackson Fdn, Bethesda, MD USA. [Radowsky, J.; Elster, E.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 51 IS 5 BP 656 EP 656 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 067NV UT WOS:000313303300116 ER PT J AU Fryer, D Radowsky, J Leonhardt, CL Brown, A Elster, E Tadaki, DK AF Fryer, D. Radowsky, J. Leonhardt, C. L. Brown, A. Elster, E. Tadaki, D. K. TI Unforeseen Dose-Dependent Physiologic Effects of Tiletamine-Zolazepam Administration in Cynomolgus Macaques SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Fryer, D.; Leonhardt, C. L.; Brown, A.] Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. [Fryer, D.; Radowsky, J.; Leonhardt, C. L.; Brown, A.; Elster, E.; Tadaki, D. K.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Radowsky, J.; Elster, E.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 51 IS 5 BP 657 EP 657 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 067NV UT WOS:000313303300118 ER PT J AU Oh, MH Kim, T Fredriksson, DW DeCew, J AF Oh, Moo-Hwan Kim, Taeho Fredriksson, David W. DeCew, Judson TI Structural Analysis of a Subsurface Cage for Sea Cucumber, Stichopus japonicus, Grow-out Using Numerical Modeling Techniques SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE aquaculture; sea cucumber cage; structural model; waves and currents; finite element modeling ID MARINE AQUACULTURE; SELENKA; ELEMENT AB The structural characteristics of a subsurface cage system for sea cucumber, Stichopus japonicus, grow-out were analyzed by using numerical modeling techniques. The cage system was constructed of polypropylene pipe and netting and weighted to sit on the seafloor bottom. Inside the cage, concrete blocks were used for animal aestivation and weight and a thin-plated device was mounted for animal movement. Environmental loads on the structure, resulting from a prescribed irregular wave field with and without currents, were first determined with a Morison equation-type finite element model. The structural response of beam and truss cage components was then calculated with the software MSC.MARC/Mentat. In addition to the irregular wave and current input forcing parameters of the structure, response was also calculated for possible forces incurred during lifting operations. Reaction loads, bending moments, axial tensions, and von Mises stresses of the sea cucumber cage structure were calculated for evaluation. The results of the study indicate that the combination of numerical model analyses presented can be used to assess structural integrity of these subsurface cage systems. These techniques will become more important as the industry expands and economics of scale promotes the construction of larger sea cucumber containment structures. C1 [Kim, Taeho] Chonnam Natl Univ, Sch Marine Technol, Yeosu 550749, South Korea. [Oh, Moo-Hwan] Chonnam Natl Univ, Grad Sch, Dept Fisheries Sci, Kwangju, South Korea. [Fredriksson, David W.] USN Acad, Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [DeCew, Judson] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Ocean Engn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Kim, T (reprint author), Chonnam Natl Univ, Sch Marine Technol, Yeosu 550749, South Korea. EM kimth@chonnam.ac.kr OI Kim, Taeho/0000-0001-5043-5828 FU Chonnam National University FX This study was financially supported by Chonnam National University, 2012. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI COLUMBIA PA 5565 STERRETT PLACE, STE 108, COLUMBIA, MD 21044 USA SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 46 IS 5 BP 55 EP 66 PG 12 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 048OJ UT WOS:000311921500007 ER PT J AU Salter-Blanc, AJ Suchomel, EJ Fortuna, JH Nurmi, JT Walker, C Krug, T O'Hara, S Ruiz, N Morley, T Tratnyek, PG AF Salter-Blanc, Alexandra J. Suchomel, Eric J. Fortuna, John H. Nurmi, James T. Walker, Chris Krug, Tom O'Hara, Suzanne Ruiz, Nancy Morley, Theresa Tratnyek, Paul G. TI Evaluation of Zerovalent Zinc for Treatment of 1,2,3-Trichloropropane-Contaminated Groundwater: Laboratory and Field Assessment SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION LA English DT Article ID HALOALKANE DEHALOGENASE; HETEROLOGOUS EXPRESSION; ALIPHATIC-COMPOUNDS; DEGRADATION; IRON; DECHLORINATION; ELIMINATION; PARTICLES; PATHWAYS; KINETICS AB The efficacy and feasibility of using zerovalent zinc (ZVZ) to treat 1,2,3-trichloropropane (TCP)-contaminated groundwater was assessed in laboratory and field experiments. In the first portion of the study, the reactivity of commercially available granular ZVZ toward TCP was measured in bench-scale batch-reactor and column experiments. These results were used to design columns for on-site pilot-scale treatment of contaminated groundwater at a site in Southern California. Two of the ZVZ materials tested were found to produce relatively high rates of TCP degradation as well as predictable behavior when scaling from bench-scale to field testing. In addition, there was little decrease in the rates of TCP degradation over the duration of field testing. Finally, no secondary impacts to water quality were identified. The results suggest that ZVZ may be an effective and feasible material for use in engineered treatment systems, perhaps including permeable reactive barriers. C1 [Salter-Blanc, Alexandra J.; Tratnyek, Paul G.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Div Environm & Biomol Syst, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA. [Suchomel, Eric J.] Geosyntec Consultants, Oakland, CA 94607 USA. [Nurmi, James T.] Clackamas Community Coll, Dept Engn Sci, Water & Environm Technol Program, Oregon City, OR 97045 USA. [Krug, Tom; O'Hara, Suzanne] Geosyntec Consultants Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 5G3, Canada. [Ruiz, Nancy] USN, Facil Engn Command Engn Serv Ctr, Port Hueneme, CA 93043 USA. [Morley, Theresa] USN, Facil Engn Command SW, San Diego, CA 92132 USA. RP Tratnyek, PG (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Div Environm & Biomol Syst, 20000 NW Walker Rd, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA. EM saltera@ebs.ogi.edu; esuchomel@geosyntec.com; jfortuna@klohn.com; jamesn@clackamas.edu; tkrug@geosyntec.com; sohara@geosyntec.com; nancy.ruiz@navy.mil; tratnyek@ebs.ogi.edu OI Salter-Blanc, Alexandra J./0000-0002-5971-5727 FU Navy Environmental Sustainability Development to Integration Program (NESDI) [N62583-09-C-0110]; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [ER-1458] FX This work was supported by the Navy Environmental Sustainability Development to Integration Program (NESDI, Project N62583-09-C-0110). Portions of this work were also supported by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP, Project ER-1458). This report has not been subject to review by either agency and therefore does not necessarily reflect their views and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 52 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1069-3629 J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat. PD FAL PY 2012 VL 32 IS 4 BP 42 EP 52 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6592.2012.01402.x PG 11 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 041EZ UT WOS:000311381600017 ER PT J AU Singham, DI Schruben, LW AF Singham, Dashi I. Schruben, Lee W. TI Finite-Sample Performance of Absolute Precision Stopping Rules SO INFORMS JOURNAL ON COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE simulation; statistical analysis; design of experiments ID SEQUENTIAL CONFIDENCE-INTERVALS; SIMULATION; LENGTH AB Absolute precision stopping rules are often used to determine the length of sequential experiments to estimate confidence intervals for simulated performance measures. Much is known about the asymptotic behavior of such procedures. In this paper, we introduce coverage contours to quantify the trade-offs in interval coverage, stopping times, and precision for finite-sample experiments using absolute precision rules. We use these contours to evaluate the coverage of a basic absolute precision stopping rule, and we show that this rule will lead to a bias in coverage even if all of the assumptions supporting the procedure are true. We define optimal stopping rules that deliver nominal coverage with the smallest expected number of observations. Contrary to previous asymptotic results that suggest decreasing the precision of the rule to approach nominal coverage in the limit, we find that it is optimal to increase the confidence coefficient used in the stopping rule, thus obtaining nominal coverage in a finite-sample experiment. If the simulation data are independent and identically normally distributed, we can calculate coverage contours analytically and find a stopping rule that is insensitive to the variance of the data while delivering at least nominal coverage for any precision value. C1 [Singham, Dashi I.] USN, Dept Operat Res, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Schruben, Lee W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Ind Engn & Operat Res, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Singham, DI (reprint author), USN, Dept Operat Res, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM dsingham@nps.edu; lees@berkeley.edu NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU INFORMS PI HANOVER PA 7240 PARKWAY DR, STE 310, HANOVER, MD 21076-1344 USA SN 1091-9856 J9 INFORMS J COMPUT JI INFORMS J. Comput. PD FAL PY 2012 VL 24 IS 4 BP 624 EP 635 DI 10.1287/ijoc.1110.0471 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA 033XM UT WOS:000310834700009 ER PT J AU Eakin, JL Bailey, JR Dewing, CB Lynch, JR Provencher, MT AF Eakin, John L. Bailey, James R. Dewing, Chris B. Lynch, Joseph R. Provencher, Matthew T. TI Subpectoral Biceps Tenodesis SO OPERATIVE TECHNIQUES IN SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE biceps rupture; biceps tendon; long head biceps; subpectoral; tenodesis ID SUTURE ANCHOR FIXATION; ROTATOR CUFF TEARS; BIOABSORBABLE INTERFERENCE SCREW; LONG HEAD; BIOMECHANICAL EVALUATION; CLINICAL-OUTCOMES; TENDON; TENOTOMY; BRACHII; MANAGEMENT AB Subpectoral biceps tenodesis is a minimally invasive surgical technique that efficiently and reproducibly addresses long head of the biceps (LHB) tendon pathology. Indications for biceps tenodesis include traumatic and degenerative tearing, biceps instability, rupture, and failed surgery. Subpectoral tenodesis may be a preferred technique in the setting of complete LHB rupture, failed tenotomy, or prior tenodesis. The LHB tendon is tenotomized arthroscopically at its origin, and a miniopen subpectoral approach is used to identify the tendon distally. Fixation is performed deep and just proximal to the inferior margin of the pectoralis major muscle. Fixation in this area can be achieved through the use of bone tunnels, an interference screw, suture anchor(s), or a cortical button. Attention is given to maintain the native position of the LHB musculotendinous junction relative to the inferior border of the pectoralis major. This technique maintains the biceps length-tension relationship and addresses intertubercular biceps pathology by eliminating pain generators within the bicipital groove. Superior biomechanical properties are achieved using interference screw fixation, and a single suture is added for reinforcement. Complications may occur in approximately 2% of patients and include infection, fixation failure, cosmetic deformity, cramping, fracture, and nerve injury. Oper Tech Sports Med 20:244-252 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Eakin, John L.; Bailey, James R.; Dewing, Chris B.; Lynch, Joseph R.; Provencher, Matthew T.] USN, Dept Orthoped Surg, Naval Med Ctr San Diego, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Provencher, MT (reprint author), USN, Dept Orthoped Surg, Naval Med Ctr San Diego, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM matthew.provencher@med.navy.mil NR 62 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 1060-1872 EI 1557-9794 J9 OPER TECHN SPORT MED JI Oper. Tech. Sports Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 20 IS 3 BP 244 EP 252 DI 10.1053/j.otsm.2012.09.001 PG 9 WC Sport Sciences; Surgery SC Sport Sciences; Surgery GA 035IG UT WOS:000310939400008 ER PT J AU Gattass, RR Shaw, LB Nguyen, VQ Pureza, PC Aggarwal, ID Sanghera, JS AF Gattass, Rafael R. Shaw, L. Brandon Nguyen, V. Q. Pureza, P. C. Aggarwal, Ishwar D. Sanghera, Jasbinder S. TI All-fiber chalcogenide-based mid-infrared supercontinuum source SO OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Supercontinuum generation; Chalcogenide fiber; As2S3; Mid-infrared; Nonlinear optics; Fiber sources ID MICROSTRUCTURED OPTICAL-FIBERS; 4.5 MU-M; DOPED FIBER; ZBLAN FIBER; GENERATION; BANDWIDTH; LASER; NM AB An all-fiber based supercontinuum source with emission covering the wavelength range of 1.9-4.8 mu m is demonstrated. The laser source is based on a combination of silica commercial off-the shelf components and a chalcogenide-based nonlinear optical fiber. The system provides 10 dB spectral flatness from 2.0 to 4.6 mu m, and -20 dBm points from 1.9 to 4.8 mu m. The output power is 565mW but scalable by scaling the repetition rate. The limit on the long wavelength edge of the system is identified as an extrinsic absorption feature in the fiber used; confirming the system could be scaled to generated a broadband source even further in the infrared. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Gattass, Rafael R.; Shaw, L. Brandon; Nguyen, V. Q.; Pureza, P. C.; Sanghera, Jasbinder S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Aggarwal, Ishwar D.] Sotera Def Solut, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Shaw, LB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brandon.shaw@nrl.navy.mil NR 25 TC 70 Z9 72 U1 2 U2 59 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1068-5200 EI 1095-9912 J9 OPT FIBER TECHNOL JI Opt. Fiber Technol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 18 IS 5 BP 345 EP 348 DI 10.1016/j.yofte.2012.07.003 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA 031NK UT WOS:000310648500011 ER PT J AU Gao, BC Li, RR AF Gao, Bo-Cai Li, Rong-Rong TI Removal of Thin Cirrus Scattering Effects for Remote Sensing of Ocean Color From Space SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Cirrus cloud correction; hyperspectral imager; ocean color; remote sensing ID AEROSOL OPTICAL-THICKNESS; ALGORITHM; AIRBORNE; SEAWIFS; AVIRIS; WATER AB Thin cirrus clouds frequently contaminate satellite images. These clouds are traditionally treated as aerosols in atmospheric correction processes for satellite remote sensing of ocean color. Through analysis of spectral imaging data covering a solar spectral region between approximately 0.4 and 0.9 mu m and acquired with the Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean (HICO) instrument currently on board the International Space Station, we have developed an empirical but very effective technique to remove thin cirrus effects from HICO data acquired over fairly clear ocean waters where the water leaving reflectances above 0.8 mu m are close to zero. The development of the technique is based on this property and on the fact that cirrus reflectances in the 0.4-1.0-mu m region are spectrally constant. The empirical technique is described, and sample results are presented. The same technique is applicable to thin cirrus corrections over clear water surfaces for other hyperspectral or multichannel imaging instruments covering similar spectral range. C1 [Gao, Bo-Cai; Li, Rong-Rong] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gao, BC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gao@nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Office of Naval Research. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1545-598X J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 9 IS 5 BP 972 EP 976 DI 10.1109/LGRS.2012.2187876 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 035BA UT WOS:000310915500036 ER PT J AU Morales, MA Haas, DJ AF Morales, Miguel A. Haas, David J. TI Self-Monitoring Activities for Autonomous Flight Data Analysis SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA Infotech at Aerospace Conference CY APR 20-22, 2010 CL Atlanta, GA ID MODEL AB With the growing adoption of comprehensive health and usage monitoring and evaluation systems tracking military aircraft operations on a flight-by-flight basis, improved reliability of automated procedures that process data has become a priority. One approach to fulfill this need is for the automated data analysis procedures themselves to be capable of ascertaining when their processing may be in error. This can be achieved through the implementation of self-monitoring activities. To capture the level of automation truly necessary to process large quantities of data autonomously, a complimentary capability that allows the self-monitoring activity to learn from its processing experiences by readily incorporating that knowledge into its future processing is also necessary. In this study, self-monitoring activities capable of modifying their functionality autonomously in response to data content are presented. In particular, self-monitoring activities are developed for ensuring the proper operation of monitored signals and algorithms performing signal reconstruction as well as event detection. The entire adaptive self-monitoring analysis is demonstrated and evaluated using flight data from a set of 47 flights obtained from several naval rotorcraft equipped with an integrated mechanical diagnostic system. Additional results are obtained and evaluated for an unbounded data set represented by more than 1000 flights. C1 [Morales, Miguel A.] Comp Sci Corp, N Amer Publ Sect, Def Grp, Bethesda, MD 20816 USA. [Haas, David J.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Marine & Aviat Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Morales, MA (reprint author), Comp Sci Corp, N Amer Publ Sect, Def Grp, 4701 Sangamore Rd,Suite S127, Bethesda, MD 20816 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 49 IS 5 BP 1245 EP 1254 DI 10.2514/1.C031462 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 019JQ UT WOS:000309736200006 ER PT J AU Dropkin, A Custodio, D Henoch, CW Johari, H AF Dropkin, A. Custodio, D. Henoch, C. W. Johari, H. TI Computation of Flowfield Around an Airfoil with Leading-Edge Protuberances SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article ID BLUFF-BODY; DRAG; TUBERCLES; REDUCTION AB The flowfield and the aerodynamic forces on a two-dimensional airfoil with sinusoidal leading-edge protuberances were computed numerically and compared with the baseline NACA 63(4)-021 airfoil. The amplitude and wavelength of the sinusoidal leading edge were 12 and 50% of the mean chord length. The sinusoidal leading-edge airfoil is dominated by the flow around and over the protuberances at all angles of attack, resulting in significant spanwise variation in all flow properties, in contrast to the baseline airfoil. The surface-pressure distribution on the modified airfoil consists of low-pressure pockets in the troughs that are symmetric and periodic at low angles of attack, and evolve into complicated patterns at higher angles. The low-pressure pockets persist to high angles of attack, resulting in the continued increase of lift. The modified airfoil has lower lift and higher drag in the prestall regime. The lift and drag characteristics at high angles of attack, as well as the dependence on Reynolds number, are addressed in this study. C1 [Dropkin, A.; Henoch, C. W.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Hydrodynam Branch, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Custodio, D.] Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Mech Engn, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. [Johari, H.] Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Mech Engn, Northridge, CA 91330 USA. RP Dropkin, A (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Hydrodynam Branch, Code 8233, Newport, RI 02841 USA. FU Office of Naval Research through the In-House Laboratory Independent Research Program at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center [N00014-08-1-1043] FX This project has been supported by the Office of Naval Research through contract N00014-08-1-1043 (H. Johari) and through the In-House Laboratory Independent Research Program at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 49 IS 5 BP 1345 EP 1355 DI 10.2514/1.C031675 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 019JQ UT WOS:000309736200016 ER PT J AU Brownell, CJ Luznik, L Snyder, MR Kang, HS Wilkinson, CH AF Brownell, Cody J. Luznik, Luksa Snyder, Murray R. Kang, Hyung Suk Wilkinson, Colin H. TI In Situ Velocity Measurements in the Near-Wake of a Ship Superstructure SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article ID AIRWAKE; FLIGHT; AERODYNAMICS; SIMULATION; INTERFACE; DYNAMICS AB Velocity measurements in a ship airwake are obtained in situ aboard a 108 ft naval training vessel. The measurements and analyses are motivated by the need for validation data for airwake computational fluid dynamics simulations. Three-component anemometers are placed above the bow of the ship and at numerous locations above a flight deck at the stern of the ship. Data are presented for a direct headwind (nominally 0 deg wind-over-deck). The mean velocity field shows a clear structure to the flow, dominated by a recirculation region in the near-wake of a hangar-like backward-facing step. The location of this primary vortex and the reattachment point on the flight deck are estimated. Reynolds stresses are presented to quantity the turbulent fluctuations, which are required for the prediction of unsteady loading on rotorcraft operating in this environment. Significant anisotropy is measured in the wake, both within the primary vortex and in the far field. The peak Reynolds shear stress is located in the recirculation region, while the streamwise normal stress is found to increase with height throughout the measurement domain. Finally, auto- and two-point velocity correlations from the flight deck provide an estimate of flow scales, showing the potential influence of turbulence on piloted helicopter operations. C1 [Brownell, Cody J.; Luznik, Luksa; Snyder, Murray R.; Kang, Hyung Suk] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. [Wilkinson, Colin H.] Zenetex LLC, California, MD 20619 USA. RP Brownell, CJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. FU Office of Naval Research through the Young Investigator Program FX Support from the Office of Naval Research through the Young Investigator Program (Principal Investigator (PI): Murray R. Snyder) is gratefully acknowledged. The authors would also like to recognize the invaluable contributions of John Burks and Joshua Shishkoff to this paper and to the U.S. Naval Academy ship airwake program. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 49 IS 5 BP 1440 EP 1450 DI 10.2514/1.C031727 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 019JQ UT WOS:000309736200025 ER PT J AU Johnson, C Rubinstein, SM Cote, P Hestbaek, L Injeyan, HS Puhl, A Green, B Napuli, JG Dunn, AS Dougherty, P Killinger, LZ Page, SA Stites, JS Ramcharan, M Leach, RA Byrd, LD Redwood, D Kopansky-Giles, DR AF Johnson, Claire Rubinstein, Sidney M. Cote, Pierre Hestbaek, Lise Injeyan, H. Stephen Puhl, Aaron Green, Bart Napuli, Jason G. Dunn, Andrew S. Dougherty, Paul Killinger, Lisa Zaynab Page, Stacey A. Stites, John S. Ramcharan, Michael Leach, Robert A. Byrd, Lori D. Redwood, Daniel Kopansky-Giles, Deborah R. TI CHIROPRACTIC CARE AND PUBLIC HEALTH: ANSWERING DIFFICULT QUESTIONS ABOUT SAFETY, CARE THROUGH THE LIFESPAN, AND COMMUNITY ACTION SO JOURNAL OF MANIPULATIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Editorial Material DE Chiropractic; Public Health; Preventive Health Services; Health Promotion; Immunization; Geriatrics; Military Personnel; Delivery of Health Care; Integrated; Evidence-Based Medicine; Children; Aged; Safety; Back ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; SPINAL MANIPULATIVE THERAPY; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY; NONSPECIFIC NECK PAIN; CLINICAL-OUTCOMES; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; CONSENSUS PROCESS AB The purpose of this collaborative summary is to document current chiropractic involvement in the public health movement, reflect on social ecological levels of influence as a profession, and summarize the relationship of chiropractic to the current public health topics of: safety, health issues through the lifespan, and effective participation in community health issues. The questions that are addressed include: Is spinal manipulative therapy for neck and low-back pain a public health problem? What is the role of chiropractic care in prevention or reduction of musculoskeletal injuries in children? What ways can doctors of chiropractic stay updated on evidence-based information about vaccines and immunization throughout the lifespan? Can smoking cessation be a prevention strategy for back pain? Does chiropractic have relevance within the VA Health Care System for chronic pain and comorbid disorders? How can chiropractic use cognitive behavioral therapy to address chronic low back pain as a public health problem? What opportunities exist for doctors of chiropractic to more effectively serve the aging population? What is the role of ethics and the contribution of the chiropractic profession to public health? What public health roles can chiropractic interns perform for underserved communities in a collaborative environment? Can the chiropractic profession contribute to community health? What opportunities do doctors of chiropractic have to be involved in health care reform in the areas of prevention and public health? What role do citizen-doctors of chiropractic have in organizing community action on health-related matters? How can our future chiropractic graduates become socially responsible agents of change? (J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2012;35:493-513) C1 [Leach, Robert A.] Natl Univ Hlth Sci, Postgrad Fac, Lombard, IL USA. [Rubinstein, Sidney M.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr, EMGO Inst Hlth & Care Res, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Cote, Pierre] UOIT, Fac Hlth Sci, Oshawa, ON, Canada. [Cote, Pierre] UOIT Canadian Mem Chiropract Coll CMCC, Ctr Study Disabil Prevent & Rehabil, Oshawa, ON, Canada. [Hestbaek, Lise] Univ So Denmark, Inst Sport Sci, Odense, Denmark. [Injeyan, H. Stephen] Canadian Mem Chiropract Coll, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Puhl, Aaron] Able Body Hlth Clin, Lethbridge, AB, Canada. [Green, Bart] USN, Chiropract Div, Dept Phys & Occupat Therapy, Med Ctr,Marine Corps Air Stn Miramar,Branch Med C, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Napuli, Jason G.] Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bath, NY USA. [Dougherty, Paul] New York Chiropract Coll, Dept Res, Seneca Falls, NY USA. [Dunn, Andrew S.] NY New York Chiropract Coll, VA Western New York Healthcare Syst Buffalo, Seneca Falls, NY USA. [Dougherty, Paul] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Orthoped, Rochester, NY USA. [Dougherty, Paul] Canandaigua VA Med Ctr, Canandaigua, NY USA. [Stites, John S.] Palmer Coll Chiropract W, Dept Clin, Davenport, IA USA. [Page, Stacey A.] Univ Calgary, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Page, Stacey A.] Univ Calgary, Conjoint Hlth Res Eth Board, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Page, Stacey A.] Univ Calgary, Fac Med, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Ramcharan, Michael] Texas Chiropract Coll, Div Tech Principles & Therapeut, Pasadena, TX USA. [Redwood, Daniel] Cleveland Chiropract Coll, Overland Pk, KS USA. RP Johnson, C (reprint author), 200 E Roosevelt Rd, Lombard, IL 60148 USA. EM cjohnson@nuhs.edu; bart.green@med.navy.mil OI Green, DC, MSEd, PhD, Bart N./0000-0002-9906-6397; Johnson, Claire/0000-0001-9616-6205 NR 197 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 32 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0161-4754 J9 J MANIP PHYSIOL THER JI J. Manip. Physiol. Ther. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 35 IS 7 BP 493 EP 513 DI 10.1016/j.jmpt.2012.09.001 PG 21 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Rehabilitation SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Rehabilitation GA 029OA UT WOS:000310503900001 PM 23069244 ER PT J AU Venn-Watson, S Benham, C Carlin, K DeRienzo, D St Leger, J AF Venn-Watson, Stephanie Benham, Celeste Carlin, Kevin DeRienzo, Damian St Leger, Judy TI HEMOCHROMATOSIS AND FATTY LIVER DISEASE: BUILDING EVIDENCE FOR INSULIN RESISTANCE IN BOTTLENOSE DOLPHINS (TURSIOPS TRUNCATUS) SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Bottlenose dolphin; fatty liver disease; hemochromatosis; hemosiderosis; hepatic lipidosis; hepatitis; Tursiops truncutus ID IRON STORAGE DISEASE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; HEPATIC LIPIDOSIS; POPULATION; HEMOSIDEROSIS; OVERLOAD; HYPERINSULINEMIA; PREVALENCE; PATHOLOGY; ETIOLOGY AB Hemochromatosis in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) is associated with high postprandial plasma insulin levels, suggestive of insulin resistance. In humans, insulin resistance is associated with liver pathologies, including excessive iron deposition and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Dolphin liver tissues, in addition to excessive iron storage, were evaluated for other pathologies supportive of underlying insulin resistance. Archived liver tissues collected postmortem during 1985-2010 from 18 dolphins (median age 27.9 yr, range 0.7-51.4) that were part of the Navy Marine Mammal Program's managed collection were assessed for the presence and severity of hemosiderin deposition, fatty liver disease, and hepatitis. Demographics, clinical pathology values, and percentage weight loss were compared among dolphins with and without these changes. Twelve (66.7%) dolphins had mild to moderate hemosiderin deposition, 7(38.9%) had mild to severe fatty liver disease, and 11(61.1%) had mild to moderate hepatitis. Of the 12 dolphins with hemosiderosis, deposition occurred in the Kupffer cells among 11 (91.7%). Dolphins with fatty liver disease were more likely to have higher postprandial serum hyperglycemia (>140 mg/dl), leukocytosis (>11,000 cells/mu l), and hyperglobulinemia (>3.5 g/dl). Unlike in many nonhuman terrestrial animals, fatty liver disease was not associated with rapid weight loss or hypoglycemia. Interestingly, there were no significant associations among dolphins with hemosiderosis, fatty liver disease, and hepatitis. This study supports that both hemochromatosis and fatty liver disease were present in the dolphin study population, and histopathology and clinical pathology among these animals suggest a nonhereditary, metabolic etiology. C1 [Venn-Watson, Stephanie; Benham, Celeste; Carlin, Kevin] Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [DeRienzo, Damian] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92105 USA. [St Leger, Judy] Sea World San Diego, San Diego, CA 92016 USA. RP Venn-Watson, S (reprint author), Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM stephanie@epitracker.com FU Biosciences Division of the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific FX The authors thank Dr. Marc Montminy from the Salk Institute for Biological Studies for his valuable input for the discussion; Ms. Risa Daniels at the National Marine Mammal Foundation for entering histopathologic data; the clinical veterinarians, especially Dr. Eric Jensen and Dr. Cynthia Smith, and veterinary technicians at the Navy Marine Mammal Program and National Marine Mammal Foundation for collection of high quality clinical samples; as well as Ms. Erika Nilson at SeaWorld San Diego for her assistance. This study was kindly supported by the Biosciences Division of the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific. NR 47 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 3 SU S BP S35 EP S47 PG 13 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 018WR UT WOS:000309698200006 PM 23156704 ER PT J AU Capitolo, PJ Carter, HR Jaques, DL McChesney, GJ McIver, WR Keeney, TW Smith, G AF Capitolo, Phillip J. Carter, Harry R. Jaques, Deborah L. McChesney, Gerard J. McIver, William R. Keeney, Thomas W. Smith, Grace TI Roosting Brown Pelicans at San Nicolas Island, California, 1972-2006 SO WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE Brown Pelican; disturbance; El Nino; nesting; Pelecanus occidentalis; roosting; San Nicolas Island; Southern California Bight AB To assist long-term protection of roost sites, roosting patterns of California Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis californicus) at San Nicolas Island (SNI), California, were assessed for the 1972-2006 period. SNI was used for roosting year-round, with most birds likely from nearest primary, breeding colonies (Santa Barbara and Anacapa islands) within the Southern California Bight subpopulation. Among non-El Nino years, monthly diurnal counts varied, but ranged from less than 100 birds during the breeding season to approximately 1,000 during fall. Influxes from the large Gulf of California subpopulation also occurred on occasion, best demonstrated by prolonged increased numbers during strong El Nino conditions in 1972-1973, possibly reflecting delayed or skipped breeding and increased prey availability near the outer California Channel Islands. The peak estimate of 13,500 night-roosting pelicans was on 16 November 1972 during these El Nino conditions. Most pelicans roosted diurnally on the north shore, reflecting close proximity to main foraging areas. Diurnal roost patterns did not appear affected by introduced feral cats (Felis catus) and Island Foxes (Urocyon littoralis dickeyi). The single, major night roost shifted 4 km from Cormorant Rock Area (used 1972-1992) to Vizcaino Point by 2006, following reduction of human disturbance in 1992-1996. Vizcaino Point and Cormorant Rock Area should be designated as "key, long-semi roosts" that merit additional protection. Received 25 July 2011, accepted 14 March 2012. C1 [Capitolo, Phillip J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Carter, Harry R.] Carter Biol Consulting, Victoria, BC V8S 4S8, Canada. [Carter, Harry R.; McChesney, Gerard J.; McIver, William R.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Wildlife, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Jaques, Deborah L.] Pacific Eco Log, Astoria, OR 97103 USA. [Keeney, Thomas W.] USA, Corps Engineers, Planning Div, Environm Resources Branch, Los Angeles, CA 90017 USA. [Smith, Grace] USN, NAWCWD Range Sustainabil Off, Point Mugu Nawc, CA 93042 USA. RP Capitolo, PJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, 100 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. EM phil.capitolo@gmail.com FU USN; Humboldt State University (HSU) FX Funding for surveys in 2006 was provided to University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC; Principal Investigator: W B. Tyler) and Pacific EcoLogic by USN, with assistance from Grace Smith (USN). Flight support was provided by the California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG; Air Services), with assistance from J. Yamamoto (CDFG-Office of Spill Prevention and Response [OSPR]). L. Van Der Kamp, R. Chace, J. Moody (UCSC), T. Sheperd and R. Guieb (USN) provided administrative assistance. H. Gellerman (Engineering Management Concepts, Camarillo, California; EMC) and Gina Smith (USN) provided logistical support for ground surveys. H. Gellerman (EMC) assisted surveys.; Aerial surveys in 1992-1993 by Crescent Coastal Research were funded through Humboldt State University (HSU) by USN (Point Mugu Naval Air Station; Principal Investigator: D. Jaques), with assistance from T. Keeney and H. Carter. Ground surveys in 1992-1994 by HSU and USN were funded by USN (Legacy Resources Management Program; Principal Investigators: H. Carter and T. Keeney). J. Feldman, J. Hosokawa, C. Lombardo, T. Miner, L. Ochikubo, C. Strong, A. Whelchel and W Whetje assisted surveys. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 15 PU WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 1524-4695 J9 WATERBIRDS JI Waterbirds PD SEP PY 2012 VL 35 IS 3 BP 443 EP 452 PG 10 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 025JK UT WOS:000310184700009 ER PT J AU Buthe, T Major, S Souza, ADE AF Buethe, Tim Major, Solomon de Mello e Souza, Andre TI The Politics of Private Foreign Aid: Humanitarian Principles, Economic Development Objectives, and Organizational Interests in NGO Private Aid Allocation SO INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION LA English DT Article ID DOMESTIC POLITICS; WORLD-POLITICS; UNITED-STATES; FOOD AID; COLD-WAR; POWER; POLICY; AMERICAN; COVERAGE; RIGHTS AB A large and increasing share of international humanitarian and development aid is raised from nongovernmental sources, allocated by transnational NGOs. We know little about this private foreign aid, not even how it is distributed across recipient countries, much less what explains the allocation. This article presents an original data set, based on detailed financial records from most of the major U.S.based humanitarian and development NGOs, which allows us for the first time to map and analyze the allocation of U.S. private aid. We find no support for the common claim that aid NGOs systematically prioritize their organizational self-interest when they allocate private aid, and we find only limited support for the hypothesis that expected aid effectiveness drives aid allocation. By contrast, we find strong support for the argument that the deeply rooted humanitarian discourse within and among aid NGOs drives their aid allocation, consistent with a view of aid NGOs as principled actors and constructivist theories of international relations. Recipients' humanitarian need is substantively and statistically the most significant determinant of U.S. private aid allocation (beyond a regional effect in favor of Latin American countries). Materialist concerns do not crowd out ethical norms among these NGOs. C1 [Buethe, Tim] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Buethe, Tim] Kenan Inst Eth, Duke Rethinking Regulat Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Major, Solomon] USN, Strateg Res Dept, War Coll, Newport, RI USA. [de Mello e Souza, Andre] Inst Appl Econ Res, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. RP Buthe, T (reprint author), Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM buthe@duke.edu; smajor@stanfordalumni.org; souza@ipea.gov.br NR 143 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 10 U2 75 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0020-8183 EI 1531-5088 J9 INT ORGAN JI Int. Organ. PD FAL PY 2012 VL 66 IS 4 BP 571 EP 607 DI 10.1017/S0020818312000252 PG 37 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA 019GJ UT WOS:000309725200002 ER PT J AU Holst, GC Driggers, RG AF Holst, Gerald C. Driggers, Ronald G. TI Small detectors in infrared system design SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE detectors; noise equivalent differential temperature; F lambda/d; range performance; MWIR; LWIR; dual band; detector limited; optics limited ID FLIR PERFORMANCE AB Recent progress, in small infrared detector fabrication, has raised interest in determining the minimum useful detector size. We approach detector size analysis, from an imaging system point of view, with reasonable assumptions for future sensor design. The analysis is a simplified version of the target task performance model using the parameter F lambda/d for generalization. Our figure-of-merit is a system characteristic. The results are easy to use and yield minimum useful detector size of 2 mu m for the mid-wave infrared region (MWIR) and 5 mu m for the long-wave infrared region (LWIR) when coupled with an F/1 optical system under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions. Final size depends upon optical design difficulty, manufacturing constraints, noise equivalent differential temperature, and the operational scenario. For challenging signal-to-noise ratio conditions and more reasonable F/1.2 optics, a 3 mu m MWIR detector and a 6 mu m LWIR detector are recommended. There are many benefits to approaching these detector sizes with low F-number optics. They include lower cost detectors, no need for dual FOV or continuous zoom optics, and no need for dual F-number optics. Our approach provides the smallest volume and lowest weight sensor with maximum range performance. While this paper focuses on infrared design, our approach applies to all imaging sensors. (C) 2012 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.OE.51.9.096401] C1 [Holst, Gerald C.] JCD Publishing Co, Winter Pk, FL 32789 USA. [Driggers, Ronald G.] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Holst, GC (reprint author), JCD Publishing Co, 2932 Cove Trail, Winter Pk, FL 32789 USA. EM Jerry@JCDPublishing.com NR 17 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 51 IS 9 AR 096401 DI 10.1117/1.OE.51.9.096401 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 021VZ UT WOS:000309914800038 ER PT J AU Alani, H An, B Jain, M Kido, T Konidaris, G Lawless, W Martin, D Pantofaru, C Sofge, D Takadama, K Tambe, M Vitvar, T AF Alani, Harith An, Bo Jain, Manish Kido, Takashi Konidaris, George Lawless, William Martin, David Pantofaru, Caroline Sofge, Donald Takadama, Keiki Tambe, Milind Vitvar, Tomas TI Reports of the AAAI 2012 Spring Symposia SO AI MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, in cooperation with Stanford University's Department of Computer Science, was pleased to present the 2012 Spring Symposium Series, held Monday through Wednesday, March 26-28, 2012, at Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. The six symposia held were AI, the Fundamental Social Aggregation Challenge (cochaired by W F. Lawless, Don Sofge, Mark Klein, and Laurent Chaudron); Designing Intelligent Robots (cochaired by George Konidaris, Byron Boots, Stephen Hart, Todd Hester, Sarah Osentoski, and David Wingate); Game Theory for Security, Sustainability, and Health (cochaired by Bo An and Manish Jain); Intelligent Web Services Meet Social Computing (cochaired by Tomas Vitvar, Harith Alani, and David Martin); Self-Tracking and Collective Intelligence for Personal Wellness (cochaired by Takashi Kido and Keiki Takadama); and Wisdom of the Crowd (cochaired by Caroline Pantofaru, Sonia Chernova, and Alex Sorokin). The papers of the six symposia were published in the AAAI technical report series. C1 [Alani, Harith] Open Univ, Knowledge Media Inst, Milton Keynes, Bucks, England. [An, Bo; Jain, Manish; Tambe, Milind] Univ So Calif, Dept Comp Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Konidaris, George] MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, MA USA. [Lawless, William] Paine Coll, Augusta, GA USA. [Sofge, Donald] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Takadama, Keiki] Univ Electrocommun, Chofu, Tokyo 182, Japan. [Vitvar, Tomas] Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. RP Alani, H (reprint author), Open Univ, Knowledge Media Inst, Milton Keynes, Bucks, England. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC ARTIFICIAL INTELL PI MENLO PK PA 445 BURGESS DRIVE, MENLO PK, CA 94025-3496 USA SN 0738-4602 J9 AI MAG JI AI Mag. PD FAL PY 2012 VL 33 IS 3 BP 109 EP 114 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA 017WJ UT WOS:000309621600010 ER PT J AU Murphy, RJ Kozlovsky, B Share, GH AF Murphy, R. J. Kozlovsky, B. Share, G. H. TI THE PRODUCTION OF LOW-ENERGY NEUTRONS IN SOLAR FLARES AND THE IMPORTANCE OF THEIR DETECTION IN THE INNER HELIOSPHERE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE interplanetary medium; Sun: chromosphere; Sun: flares; Sun: particle emission; Sun: X-rays, gamma rays ID GAMMA-RAY LINE; MAGNETIC LOOPS; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS; ACCELERATED PROTONS; EMISSION; ABUNDANCES; SPECTROSCOPY; PARTICLES; DECAY; SUN AB Neutron detectors on spacecraft in the inner heliosphere can observe the low-energy (<30 MeV) solar-flare neutrons that are not easily observable at Earth because they are lost to decay during transit. We present calculations of low-energy neutron production using a computer code incorporating updated neutron-production cross sections for the proton and alpha-particle reactions with heavier elements at all ion energies, especially at low energies (E-ion < 10 MeV nucleon(-1)) most important for producing low-energy neutrons from these reactions. We calculate escaping-neutron spectra and neutron-capture line yields from ions propagating in a magnetic loop with various kinetic-energy spectra. This study provides the basis for planning inner-heliospheric missions having a low-energy neutron detector. The MESSENGER spacecraft orbiting Mercury has such a detector. We conclude that a full understanding of ion acceleration, transport, and interaction at the Sun requires observation of both neutrons and gamma rays with detectors of comparable sensitivity. We find that the neutron-capture line fluence at 1 AU is comparable to the 1-10 MeV neutron fluence at 0.5 AU, and therefore as effective for revealing low-energy ion acceleration. However, as the distance from the Sun to the neutron detector decreases, the tremendous increase of the low-energy neutron flux allows exploration of ion acceleration in weak flares not previously observable and may reveal acceleration at other sites not previously detected where low-energy neutrons could be the only high-energy signature of ion acceleration. Also, a measurement of the low-energy neutron spectrum will provide important information about the accelerated-ion spectrum that is not available from the capture line fluence measurement alone. C1 [Murphy, R. J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kozlovsky, B.] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Share, G. H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Murphy, RJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7650, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM murphy@ssd5.nrl.navy.mil; benz@wise.tau.ac.il; share@astro.umd.edu FU NASA [NNH09AM55I]; Office of Naval Research; Israeli Science Foundation FX We are grateful to Xin-Min Hua for discussions concerning the flare-loop neutron-production code. We also acknowledge A. J. Koning for development of the nuclear-reaction code TALYS, his help in using the code, and his willingness to answer our questions concerning nuclear physics. This work was supported by NASA grant NNH09AM55I and the Office of Naval Research. B. Kozlovsky acknowledges the Israeli Science Foundation for support. NR 42 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 202 IS 1 AR 3 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/202/1/3 PG 32 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 016ZB UT WOS:000309557300003 ER PT J AU Jarosz, PR Shaukat, A Mastrangelo, T Schauerman, CM Cress, CD Ridgley, RD Landi, BJ AF Jarosz, P. R. Shaukat, A. Mastrangelo, T. Schauerman, C. M. Cress, C. D. Ridgley, R. D. Landi, B. J. TI Coaxial cables with single-wall carbon nanotube outer conductors exhibiting attenuation/length within specification SO MICRO & NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article AB In this Letter, high-purity, KAuBr4-treated single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) materials are utilised as outer conductors in coaxial cables. The attenuation/length is within Mil-C-17 specification and nearly equivalent to traditional copper outer conductors up to 3 GHz. The improved transmission performance is attributed to higher conductivity and density of the SWCNT network which creates enhanced nanoscale coverage to improve screening. The weight/length which can be achieved with SWCNT outer coaxial cables results in greater than 40% savings compared with conventional coaxial cables while maintaining a flexible cable design. C1 [Jarosz, P. R.; Shaukat, A.; Mastrangelo, T.; Schauerman, C. M.; Landi, B. J.] Rochester Inst Technol, Golisano Inst Sustainabil, NanoPower Res Labs, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Cress, C. D.] USN, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Res Lab, Solid State Devices Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Landi, B. J.] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Chem & Biomed Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Ridgley, R. D.] DoD, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. RP Jarosz, PR (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, Golisano Inst Sustainabil, NanoPower Res Labs, 155 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM brian.landi@rit.edu OI Cress, Cory/0000-0001-7563-6693 FU US Government; Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Programme through Office of the Director of National Intelligence; Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [HDTRA-1-10-1-0122]; U.S. Government FX The authors would like to acknowledge Tyco Electronics for technical discussions. The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the US Government, including a grant from the Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Programme through funding from the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, as well as the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under grant number HDTRA-1-10-1-0122. This material is based upon work funded in whole or in part by the U.S. Government and any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Government. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 16 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 1750-0443 J9 MICRO NANO LETT JI Micro Nano Lett. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 7 IS 9 BP 959 EP 961 DI 10.1049/mnl.2012.0502 PG 3 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 016KC UT WOS:000309515800022 ER PT J AU Hiebert, R Campello, MA Weiser, S Ziemke, GW Fox, BA Nordin, M AF Hiebert, Rudi Campello, Marco A. Weiser, Sherri Ziemke, Gregg W. Fox, Bryan A. Nordin, Margareta TI Predictors of short-term work-related disability among active duty US Navy personnel: a cohort study in patients with acute and subacute low back pain SO SPINE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Low back pain; Disability; Cohort; Psychosocial; Military personnel ID FEAR-AVOIDANCE BELIEFS; RETURN; PROGNOSIS; QUESTIONNAIRE; CONSENSUS AB BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Musculoskeletal disorders of the spine in the US military account for the single largest proportion of the absence of sickness causes leading to early termination. We explored if selected psychological and physical factors were associated with poor outcome after episodes of low back pain (LBP). PURPOSE: To identify clinical, demographic, and psychological factors predictive of work duty status after a complaint of LBP. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective clinical cohort of US Navy personnel treated for LBP. PATIENT SAMPLE: Eligible cases were active duty US Navy or Marine Corps personnel presenting to an emergency clinic or primary care clinic with a complaint of LBP, where the index episode of LBP was no more than 12 weeks duration before enrollment. OUTCOME MEASURES: The subject's work status (full duty, light duty, sick in quarters [SIQ], limited duty, or medically released to full duty) was abstracted from the subject's electronic medical record at approximately 4 weeks and then again 12 weeks after study enrollment. Work status in this study population is assigned by a Navy health-care provider at the time of a clinical visit and based on the health-care provider's determination of medical fitness for duty. This study collapsed work status into two groups, "full duty" (consisting of "full duty" and "medically released to full duty") and "not at full duty" (consisting of "light duty," "SIQ," and "limited duty"). METHODS: Volunteers completed a baseline questionnaire consisting of recommended well-validated measures, including attitudes and beliefs about LBP and work (Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire [FABQ] and the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia), distress (the Pain Catastrophizing Scale), clinical depression (The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale), a numeric pain intensity scale, self-perceived disability (Oswestry Disability Index), and general health status (12-Item Short Form Health Survey). Navy health-care providers conducted a back pain-specific medical evaluation. Associations are expressed as multivariate-adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) estimated using Poisson regression. RESULTS: Two hundred fifty-three participants were enrolled. Work status outcome was collected for 239 participants. Predictors of "not at full duty" at 4 weeks after enrollment included having back pain for 4 weeks or less before study enrollment (PR, 2.69; 95% CI, 1.21-5.97) and increased FABQ Work subscale score (PR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01-1.08). The sole predictor of work status at 12 weeks after enrollment was increased FABQ Physical Activity (FABQ Physical) subscale score (PR=1.14; 95% CI, 1.00-1.30). CONCLUSIONS: The findings that fear-avoidance beliefs were predictive of subsequent work status among active duty service personnel in this study population (after adjusting for clinical, demographic, and psychological covariates) suggest the clinical utility of addressing these factors during treatment of back pain episodes in the military. These findings reflect the important role that psychological factors may play in the return to work process in an active duty military population. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Hiebert, Rudi; Campello, Marco A.; Weiser, Sherri; Nordin, Margareta] NYU, Hosp Joint Dis, Langone Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped,Occupat & Ind Orthoped Ctr OIOC, New York, NY 10014 USA. [Ziemke, Gregg W.] USN, Phys Therapy Dept, Portsmouth Spine Ctr, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Fox, Bryan A.] Sports Med & Orthopaed Ctr, Suffolk, VA 23434 USA. RP Hiebert, R (reprint author), NYU, Hosp Joint Dis, Langone Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped,Occupat & Ind Orthoped Ctr OIOC, 63 Downing St, New York, NY 10014 USA. EM rudi.hiebert@nyumc.org OI Campello, Marco/0000-0002-8340-8313 FU Navy & Marine Corps Public Health Center (NMCPHC); Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Army for Installations and Environment-the OASA (IE) FX This study was sponsored by Navy & Marine Corps Public Health Center (NMCPHC), funded by the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Army for Installations and Environment-the OASA (I&E), and managed by Battelle. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1529-9430 J9 SPINE J JI Spine Journal PD SEP PY 2012 VL 12 IS 9 SI SI BP 806 EP 816 DI 10.1016/j.spinee.2011.11.012 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 016OF UT WOS:000309527900015 PM 22227177 ER PT J AU Smith, BR AF Smith, B. R., Jr. TI The quadratically damped oscillator: A case study of a non-linear equation of motion SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The equation of motion for a quadratically damped oscillator, where the damping is proportional to the square of the velocity, is a non-linear second-order differential equation. Non-linear equations of motion such as this are seldom addressed in intermediate instruction in classical dynamics; this one is problematic because it cannot be solved in terms of elementary functions. Like all second-order ordinary differential equations, it has a corresponding first-order partial differential equation, whose independent solutions constitute the constants of the motion. These constants readily provide an approximate solution correct to first order in the damping constant. They also reveal that the quadratically damped oscillator is never critically damped or overdamped, and that to first order in the damping constant the oscillation frequency is identical to the natural frequency. The technique described has close ties to standard tools such as integral curves in phase space and phase portraits. (C) 2012 American Association of Physics Teachers. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.4729440] C1 [Smith, B. R., Jr.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Smith, B. R., Jr.] Anne Arundel Community Coll, Dept Phys, Arnold, MD 21012 USA. RP Smith, BR (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM brsmith@usna.edu NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICS TEACHERS AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 80 IS 9 BP 816 EP 824 DI 10.1119/1.4729440 PG 9 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA 010BR UT WOS:000309069900009 ER PT J AU Denning, PJ AF Denning, Peter J. TI Don't Feel Bad If You Can't Predict the Future SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst, Monterey, CA USA. RP Denning, PJ (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst, Monterey, CA USA. EM pjd@nps.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0001-0782 J9 COMMUN ACM JI Commun. ACM PD SEP PY 2012 VL 55 IS 9 BP 30 EP 32 DI 10.1145/2330667.2330677 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 003TT UT WOS:000308634900012 ER PT J AU Obenauer, PJ Annajar, BB Hanafi, HA Abdel-Dayem, MS El-Hossary, SS Villinski, J AF Obenauer, P. J. Annajar, B. B. Hanafi, H. A. Abdel-Dayem, M. S. El-Hossary, S. S. Villinski, J. TI EFFICACY OF LIGHT AND NONLIGHTED CARBON DIOXIDE-BAITED TRAPS FOR ADULT SAND FLY (DIPTERA: PSYCHODIDAE) SURVEILLANCE IN THREE COUNTIES OF MESRATA, LIBYA SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE BG-Sentinel; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention light trap; Phlebotomus papatasi; Phlebotomus longicuspis; cutaneous leishmaniasis ID CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; EGYPT; FLIES; DISEASE AB Sand flies are important vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis, especially along coastal towns of northwestern Libya where an estimated 20,000 cases have occurred from 2004 to 2009. Host-seeking traps are an important tool for sampling sand fly populations and surveying the incidence of Leishmania major and L. tropica within a given population. We evaluated the capture efficiency of CO2-baited BG-Sentinel, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light, CDC ultraviolet light, and nonbaited CO2 CDC light traps in 3 coastal townships during June, August, September, and November 2010. A total of 3,248 sand flies, representing 8 species from 2 genera, were collected; most sand flies were identified as either Phlebotomus papatasi or P. longicuspis. Three of the traps captured significantly more sand flies compared to the BG-Sentinel baited with CO2 (P < 0.001). Three of 456 DNA pools extracted from sand flies were positive for Leishmania DNA, indicating a minimum estimated infection rate of 0.83% and 0.47% for P. papatasi and P. longicuspis, respectively. C1 [Obenauer, P. J.] USN, Entomol Ctr Excellence, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. [Annajar, B. B.] Natl Ctr Dis Control, Leishmaniasis Natl Control Program, Tripoli, Libya. [Hanafi, H. A.; Abdel-Dayem, M. S.; El-Hossary, S. S.; Villinski, J.] US Naval Med Res Unit 3, Cairo 11517, Egypt. RP Obenauer, PJ (reprint author), USN, Entomol Ctr Excellence, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. OI Abdel-Dayem, Mahmoud/0000-0002-6276-1740 FU Bio-Engagement Program, Department of State Grant [6000.000.000 E0501JON MA.251] FX We thank Maria Badra for her assistance with logistical support of all personnel and materials pertaining to this study, and to El-Shaimaa our El-Din, Rania Kaldas, and Noha Watany for their help in processing, identifying, and testing sand fly specimens. We thank Emad El-Din Yehia and the Libyan Leishmaniasis National Control Program staff of the NCDC in Tripoli for their assistance in collecting sand flies. We thank Rhonda Brown and the US Embassy-Cairo for assistance with country visas. We are indebted to Jimmy Pitzer, Brent House, Craig Stoops, and Lee Cohnstaedt, who provided an exhaustive review of this manuscript. This work was funded by the Bio-Engagement Program, Department of State Grant 6000.000.000 E0501JON MA.251. This work was prepared as part of our official duties. Title 17 U.S.C. 105 provides that "Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government." Title 17 U.S.C. 101 defines a US Government work as a work prepared by a military service member or employee of the US Government as part of that person's official duties. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 28 IS 3 BP 179 EP 183 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 013HH UT WOS:000309296000004 PM 23833897 ER PT J AU Coan, EB Doan, A Allen, C AF Coan, Erin B. Doan, Andrew Allen, Calliope TI Mucinous Eccrine Carcinoma: A Rare Case of Recurrence With Lacrimal Gland Extension SO OPHTHALMIC PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article ID ADENOCYSTIC CARCINOMA; MOHS SURGERY; SKIN; ADENOCARCINOMA AB Mucinous eccrine carcinoma (MEC) is a rare skin cancer of sweat gland origin with a high rate of recurrence. The most common sites are head and neck, with 40% of cancers found on the eyelid. The clinical appearance and differential diagnosis of MEC are highly varied, but histologically it is similar to metastatic carcinomas, specifically breast and colon. A diagnosis of primary MEC always warrants a full systemic workup to ensure that no other malignancy is present. This cancer is known for frequent recurrences, but rarely metastasizes to distant organs. MEC is resistant to both chemotherapy and radiation; surgical excision remains the treatment of choice in most cases. The authors report a unique case of extension of MEC to the lacrimal gland with a brief review of histologic characteristics of this tumor. C1 [Coan, Erin B.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Doan, Andrew; Allen, Calliope] Loma Linda Univ, Loma Linda, CA 92350 USA. [Doan, Andrew] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Coan, EB (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM erin.coan@med.navy.mil NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0740-9303 J9 OPHTHAL PLAST RECONS JI Ophthalmic Plast. Reconstr. Surg. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 28 IS 5 BP E109 EP E111 DI 10.1097/IOP.0b013e31823c80ba PG 3 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA 006HN UT WOS:000308810200003 PM 22327636 ER PT J AU Petrov, GM Higginson, DP Davis, J Petrova, TB McNaney, JM McGuffey, C Qiao, B Beg, FN AF Petrov, G. M. Higginson, D. P. Davis, J. Petrova, Tz. B. McNaney, J. M. McGuffey, C. Qiao, B. Beg, F. N. TI Generation of high-energy (> 15 MeV) neutrons using short pulse high intensity lasers SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; FAST IGNITER; TARGETS; DEUTERON; EMISSION; SPECTRA; PLASMA; C-12(D,N)N-13; IRRADIATION; LITHIUM AB A roadmap is suggested and demonstrated experimentally for the production of high-energy (>15 MeV) neutrons using short pulse lasers. Investigation with a 3D Monte Carlo model has been employed to quantify the production of energetic neutrons. Numerical simulations have been performed for three nuclear reactions, d(d,n)He-3, Li-7(d,n)Be-8, and Li-7(p,n)Be-7, driven by monoenergetic ion beams. Quantitative estimates for the driver ion beam energy and number have been made and the neutron spectra and yield in the ion propagation direction have been evaluated for various incident ion energies. In order to generate neutron fluence above a detection limit of 10(6) neutrons/sr, either similar to 10(10) protons with energy 20-30 MeV or comparable amount of deuterons with energy 5-10 MeV are required. Experimental verification of the concept with deuterons driven by the Titan laser (peak intensity 2 x 10(19) W/cm(2), pulse duration of 9 ps, wavelength 1.05 mu m, and energy of 360 J) is provided with the generation of neutrons with energy of up to 18 MeV from Li-7(d,n)Be-8 reactions. Future research will focus on optimized schemes for ion acceleration for production of high-energy neutrons, which will involve efficient target design, laser parameter optimization, and converter material. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4751460] C1 [Petrov, G. M.; Davis, J.; Petrova, Tz. B.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Higginson, D. P.; McGuffey, C.; Qiao, B.; Beg, F. N.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Higginson, D. P.; McNaney, J. M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94440 USA. RP Petrov, GM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI McNaney, James/F-5258-2013; Qiao, Bin/A-6022-2015; Higginson, Drew/G-5942-2016; Qiao, Bin/I-2471-2016 OI Higginson, Drew/0000-0002-7699-3788; Qiao, Bin/0000-0001-7174-5577 FU ONR; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344M] FX N.R.L. would like to thank ONR for their support and, in particular, Peter Morrison for his encouragement of this technology. The authors acknowledge the experimental contributions of J. A. Frenje, L. C. Jarrott, R. Kodama, K. L. Lancaster, H. Nakamura, and D. C. Swift. This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344M. NR 77 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD SEP PY 2012 VL 19 IS 9 AR 093106 DI 10.1063/1.4751460 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 014UN UT WOS:000309401300056 ER PT J AU Coneski, PN Wynne, JH AF Coneski, Peter N. Wynne, James H. TI Zwitterionic Polyurethane Hydrogels Derived from Carboxybetaine-Functionalized Diols SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE zwitterion; hydrogel; antifouling; carboxybetaine ID BIOFILM FORMATION; COATINGS; SURFACES; ADSORPTION; RESISTANCE; MONOLAYERS; PROTEINS; ADHESION; WATER AB The synthesis of novel zwitterionic polyurethane hydrogels with tunable water uptake via the polymerization of protected carboxybetaine-functionalized diols with polyisocyanate oligomers is presented. Post-polymerization hydrolysis of a diol-segment side chain establishes zwitterionic carboxybetaine functionalities that facilitate water uptake via the enhanced hydration capacities surrounding the opposing charges of the diol component. Tunable hydration of these materials, ranging from 24 to 250% solution uptake (based on the dry polymer weight), is achieved by controlling the structural characteristics of the diol precursor, such as ammonium/carboxylate spacing and ethyl ester hydrolysis conditions (i.e., exposure time to an aqueous base). C1 [Coneski, Peter N.; Wynne, James H.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wynne, JH (reprint author), USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Code 6124,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM james.wynne@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research FX The authors acknowledge the Naval Research Laboratory and the Office of Naval Research for support of this research. The authors thank Dr. Preston A. Fulmer and Dillon J. Gustafson at the Naval Research Laboratory for assistance with bacterial adhesion experiments. NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 77 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD SEP PY 2012 VL 4 IS 9 BP 4465 EP 4469 DI 10.1021/am301383z PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 010MZ UT WOS:000309099800007 PM 22974109 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Allafort, A Antolini, E Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bottacini, E Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Cecchi, C Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J D'Ammando, F de Angelis, A de Palma, F Dermer, CD Silva, EDE Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Enoto, T Falletti, L Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Focke, WB Fukazawa, Y Fukui, Y Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hayashi, K Horan, D Hou, X Hughes, RE Jackson, MS Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Larsson, S Lee, SH Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Makishima, K Mazziotta, MN Mehault, J Mitthumsiri, W Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nakamori, T Naumann-Godo, M Nishino, S Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Orienti, M Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pesce-Rollins, M Pierbattista, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Roth, M Sadrozinski, HFW Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Spandre, G Spinelli, P Strong, AW Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JG Thayer, JB Tibolla, O Tinivella, M Torres, DF Tramacere, A Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Yang, Z Zimmer, S AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Allafort, A. Antolini, E. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bottacini, E. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Cecchi, C. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. D'Ammando, F. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Enoto, T. Falletti, L. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Focke, W. B. Fukazawa, Y. Fukui, Y. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hayashi, K. Horan, D. Hou, X. Hughes, R. E. Jackson, M. S. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerr, M. Knodlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Larsson, S. Lee, S. -H. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Makishima, K. Mazziotta, M. N. Mehault, J. Mitthumsiri, W. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Naumann-Godo, M. Nishino, S. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Orienti, M. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Roth, M. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strong, A. W. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Tibolla, O. Tinivella, M. Torres, D. F. Tramacere, A. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Yang, Z. Zimmer, S. TI GAMMA-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF THE ORION MOLECULAR CLOUDS WITH THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: ISM; ISM: clouds; ISM: general; ISM: individual objects (Orion A and Orion B) ID CO-TO-H-2 CONVERSION FACTOR; ALL-SKY SURVEY; ROTATIONAL-EXCITATION; CARBON-MONOXIDE; COSMIC-RAY; CO SURVEY; DARK CLOUDS; MILKY-WAY; X-RAY; METALLICITY DEPENDENCE AB We report on the gamma-ray observations of giant molecular clouds Orion A and B with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. The gamma-ray emission in the energy band between similar to 100 MeV and similar to 100 GeV is predicted to trace the gas mass distribution in the clouds through nuclear interactions between the Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) and interstellar gas. The gamma-ray production cross-section for the nuclear interaction is known to similar to 10% precision which makes the LAT a powerful tool to measure the gas mass column density distribution of molecular clouds for a known CR intensity. We present here such distributions for Orion A and B, and correlate them with those of the velocity-integrated CO intensity (W-CO) at a 1 degrees x 1 degrees pixel level. The correlation is found to be linear over a W-CO range of similar to 10-fold when divided in three regions, suggesting penetration of nuclear CRs to most of the cloud volumes. The W-CO-to-mass conversion factor, X-CO, is found to be similar to 2.3 x 10(20) cm(-2) (K km s(-1))(-1) for the high-longitude part of Orion A (l > 212 degrees), similar to 1.7 times higher than similar to 1.3 x 10(20) found for the rest of Orion A and B. We interpret the apparent high XCO in the high-longitude region of Orion A in the light of recent works proposing a nonlinear relation between H-2 and CO densities in the diffuse molecular gas. W-CO decreases faster than the H-2 column density in the region making the gas "darker" to W-CO. C1 [Ackermann, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bottacini, E.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Enoto, T.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kerr, M.; Lande, J.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bottacini, E.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Enoto, T.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kerr, M.; Lande, J.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Antolini, E.; Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; D'Ammando, F.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Antolini, E.; Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.; Tinivella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Naumann-Godo, M.; Pierbattista, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, CNRS,CEA IRFU,Lab AIM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Pivato, G.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Brandt, T. J.; Knodlseder, J.] IRAP, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Brandt, T. J.; Knodlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, IRAP, UPS OMP, GAHEC, Toulouse, France. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] M Merlin Univ, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Horan, D.] CNRS IN2P3, Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.; Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEE CSIC, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.; Parent, D.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Ciprini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Falletti, L.; Mehault, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.; Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Jackson, M. S.; Larsson, S.; Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [D'Ammando, F.] IASF Palermo, I-90146 Palermo, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dermer, C. D.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ferrara, E. C.; Harding, A. K.; Moiseev, A. A.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Hayashi, K.; Nishino, S.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Fukui, Y.] Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Giroletti, M.; Orienti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Guiriec, S.; Pelassa, V.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeronom Res, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hayashida, M.] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Hou, X.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Hughes, R. E.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Jackson, M. S.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Katagiri, H.] Ibaraki Univ, Coll Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Mito, Ibaraki 3108512, Japan. [Kataoka, J.; Nakamori, T.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Tokyo, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Larsson, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Lee, S. -H.] Kyoto Univ, Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Makishima, K.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Moiseev, A. A.] Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Morselli, A.; Ohno, M.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Phys, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Okumura, A.; Ozaki, M.; Takahashi, T.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Razzano, M.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Razzano, M.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Roth, M.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Roth, M.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Strong, A. W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Tibolla, O.] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.; Vianello, G.] Consorzio Interuniv Fis Spaziale CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Tramacere, A.] INTEGRAL Sci Data Ctr, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. RP Ackermann, M (reprint author), Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. EM kamae@slac.stanford.edu; oxon@mac.com RI giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007 OI Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; orienti, monica/0000-0003-4470-7094; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X FU K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France FX Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research Fellow, funded by a grant from the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation.; Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. NR 96 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 14 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 1 PY 2012 VL 756 IS 1 AR 4 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/756/1/4 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 009SA UT WOS:000309044300004 ER PT J AU Cheung, CC Donato, D Gehrels, N Sokolovsky, KV Giroletti, M AF Cheung, C. C. Donato, D. Gehrels, N. Sokolovsky, K. V. Giroletti, M. TI CHANDRA X-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF THE TWO BRIGHTEST UNIDENTIFIED HIGH GALACTIC LATITUDE FERMI-LAT gamma-RAY SOURCES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; gamma rays: general; pulsars: general; X-rays: general ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; ALL-SKY SURVEY; MILLISECOND PULSARS; SOURCE CATALOG; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; 3EG J1835+5918; RADIO GALAXY; SOURCE LIST; B CATALOG; DISCOVERY AB We present Chandra ACIS-I X-ray observations of 0FGL J1311.9-3419 and 0FGL J1653.4-0200, the two brightest high Galactic latitude (|b| > 10 degrees) gamma-ray sources from the three-month Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) bright source list that are still unidentified. Both were also detected previously by EGRET, and despite dedicated multi-wavelength follow-up, they are still not associated with established classes of gamma-ray emitters like pulsars or radio-loud active galactic nuclei. X-ray sources found in the ACIS-I fields of view are cataloged, and their basic properties are determined. These are discussed as candidate counterparts to 0FGL J1311.9-3419 and 0FGL J1653.4-0200, with particular emphasis on the brightest of the 9 and 13 Chandra sources detected within the respective Fermi-LAT 95% confidence regions. Further follow-up studies, including optical photometric and spectroscopic observations, are necessary to identify these X-ray candidate counterparts in order to ultimately reveal the nature of these enigmatic gamma-ray objects. C1 [Cheung, C. C.; Donato, D.; Gehrels, N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Donato, D.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Donato, D.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Donato, D.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Sokolovsky, K. V.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Ctr Astro Space, Moscow 117810, Russia. [Sokolovsky, K. V.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Sternberg Astron Inst, Moscow 119992, Russia. [Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Cheung, C. C.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. RP Cheung, CC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Teddy.Cheung.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; Davide.Donato-1@nasa.gov RI Sokolovsky, Kirill/D-2246-2015 OI Sokolovsky, Kirill/0000-0001-5991-6863 FU NASA; NASA [DPR S-15633-Y]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award [GO0-11022A]; National Aeronautics Space Administration [NAS8-03060] FX This work began while C. C. C. was supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at Goddard Space Flight Center, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA; his work at NRL is supported in part by NASA DPR S-15633-Y. Support for this work was partially provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award Number GO0-11022A (C. C. C. and D. D.) issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060. NR 53 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 1 PY 2012 VL 756 IS 1 AR 33 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/756/1/33 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 009SA UT WOS:000309044300033 ER PT J AU Fischer, WJ Megeath, ST Tobin, JJ Stutz, AM Ali, B Remming, I Kounkel, M Stanke, T Osorio, M Henning, T Manoj, P Wilson, TL AF Fischer, William J. Megeath, S. Thomas Tobin, John J. Stutz, Amelia M. Ali, Babar Remming, Ian Kounkel, Marina Stanke, Thomas Osorio, Mayra Henning, Thomas Manoj, P. Wilson, T. L. TI MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF V2775 Ori, AN OUTBURSTING PROTOSTAR IN L 1641: EXPLORING THE EDGE OF THE FU ORIONIS REGIME SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; infrared: stars; stars: formation; stars: protostars ID T-TAURI STARS; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; AURIGA MOLECULAR CLOUD; INFRARED ARRAY CAMERA; DISK ACCRETION; MCNEILS NEBULA; HERSCHEL-PACS; YOUNG STARS; CYGNUS OB7; BURST MODE AB Individual outbursting young stars are important laboratories for studying the physics of episodic accretion and the extent to which this phenomenon can explain the luminosity distribution of protostars. We present new and archival data for V2775 Ori (HOPS 223), a protostar in the L 1641 region of the Orion molecular clouds that was discovered by Caratti o Garatti et al. to have recently undergone an order-of-magnitude increase in luminosity. Our near-infrared spectra of the source have strong blueshifted He I lambda 10830 absorption, strong H2O and CO absorption, and no H I emission, all typical of FU Orionis sources. With data from the Infrared Telescope Facility, the Two Micron All Sky Survey, the Hubble Space Telescope, Spitzer, the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Herschel, and the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment that span from 1 to 70 mu m pre-outburst and from 1 to 870 mu m post-outburst, we estimate that the outburst began between 2005 April and 2007 March. We also model the pre- and post-outburst spectral energy distributions of the source, finding it to be in the late stages of accreting its envelope with a disk-to-star accretion rate that increased from similar to 2 x 10(-6) M-circle dot yr(-1) to similar to 10(-5) M-circle dot yr(-1) during the outburst. The post-outburst luminosity at the epoch of the FU Orionis-like near-IR spectra is 28 L-circle dot, making V2775 Ori the least luminous documented FU Orionis outburster with a protostellar envelope. The existence of low-luminosity outbursts supports the notion that a range of episiodic accretion phenomena can partially explain the observed spread in protostellar luminosities. C1 [Fischer, William J.; Megeath, S. Thomas; Kounkel, Marina] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Tobin, John J.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Stutz, Amelia M.; Henning, Thomas] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Stutz, Amelia M.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Ali, Babar] CALTECH, IPAC, NHSC, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Remming, Ian; Manoj, P.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Stanke, Thomas] ESO, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Osorio, Mayra] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18008 Granada, Spain. [Wilson, T. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Fischer, WJ (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, 2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. EM wfische@utnet.utoledo.edu OI Fischer, William J/0000-0002-3747-2496; Stutz, Amelia/0000-0003-2300-8200 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology (JPL/Caltech); NASA [NAS 5-26555]; NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope [11548]; National Science Foundation; Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer; University of California, Los Angeles; JPL/Caltech; Cornell Atlas of Spitzer/IRS Sources; JPL FX Support for this work was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through awards issued by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology (JPL/Caltech).; This paper includes data from Herschel, a European Space Agency (ESA) space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led consortia and with important participation from NASA. We also used the Spitzer Space Telescope and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC) Infrared Science Archive, which are operated by JPL/Caltech under a contract with NASA. We include observations made under program 11548 of the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555.; This paper makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and IPAC/Caltech, funded by NASA and the National Science Foundation; the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and JPL/Caltech, funded by NASA; and the Cornell Atlas of Spitzer/IRS Sources, which is a product of the Infrared Science Center at Cornell University, supported by NASA and JPL. NR 75 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 1 PY 2012 VL 756 IS 1 AR 99 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/756/1/99 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 009SA UT WOS:000309044300099 ER PT J AU Morgan, CW Hainline, LJ Chen, B Tewes, M Kochanek, CS Dai, XY Kozlowski, S Blackburne, JA Mosquera, AM Chartas, G Courbin, F Meylan, G AF Morgan, Christopher W. Hainline, Laura J. Chen, Bin Tewes, Malte Kochanek, Christopher S. Dai, Xinyu Kozlowski, Szymon Blackburne, Jeffrey A. Mosquera, Ana M. Chartas, G. Courbin, F. Meylan, G. TI FURTHER EVIDENCE THAT QUASAR X-RAY EMITTING REGIONS ARE COMPACT: X-RAY AND OPTICAL MICROLENSING IN THE LENSED QUASAR Q J0158-4325 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; cosmology: observations; dark matter; gravitational lensing: micro; gravitational lensing: strong; quasars: general ID GRAVITATIONAL LENS; ACCRETION DISK; TIME DELAYS; EMISSION REGIONS; LIGHT CURVES; BLACK-HOLES; VARIABILITY; GALAXIES; CHANDRA; PROFILE AB We present four new seasons of optical monitoring data and six epochs of X-ray photometry for the doubly imaged lensed quasar Q J0158-4325. The high-amplitude, short-period microlensing variability for which this system is known has historically precluded a time delay measurement by conventional methods. We attempt to circumvent this limitation by the application of a Monte Carlo microlensing analysis technique, but we are only able to prove that the delay must have the expected sign (image A leads image B). Despite our failure to robustly measure the time delay, we successfully model the microlensing at optical and X-ray wavelengths to find a half-light radius for soft X-ray emission log(r(1/2), (X), (soft)/cm) = 14.3(-0.5)(+0.4), an upper limit on the half-light radius for hard X-ray emission log(r(1/2), (X), (hard)/cm) <= 14.6, and a refined estimate of the inclination-corrected scale radius of the optical R-band (rest frame 3100 angstrom) continuum emission region of log(r(s)/cm) = 15.6 +/- 0.3. C1 [Morgan, Christopher W.; Hainline, Laura J.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Chen, Bin; Dai, Xinyu] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Tewes, Malte; Courbin, F.; Meylan, G.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Astrophys Lab, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland. [Kochanek, Christopher S.; Kozlowski, Szymon; Blackburne, Jeffrey A.; Mosquera, Ana M.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kozlowski, Szymon] Univ Warsaw Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Chartas, G.] Coll Charleston, Dept Phys & Astron, Charleston, SC 29424 USA. RP Morgan, CW (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, 572C Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RI Kozlowski, Szymon/G-4799-2013; Dai, Xinyu/B-5735-2011 OI Kozlowski, Szymon/0000-0003-4084-880X; Dai, Xinyu/0000-0001-9203-2808 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [GO0-11121]; National Aeronautics Space Administration [NAS8-03060]; National Science Foundation [AST-0907848]; Research Corporation for Science Advancement; Chandra X-Ray Center award [11700501]; Swiss National Science Foundation; NSF [AST-1009756] FX Support for this work was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award Number GO0-11121 issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060.; This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-0907848. C. W. M. also gratefully acknowledges support from the Research Corporation for Science Advancement. C. W. M., L.J.H., C. S. K., J.A.B., A. M. M., X. D., and G. C. are supported by Chandra X-Ray Center award 11700501. M. T., F. C., and G. M. acknowledge support from the Swiss National Science Foundation. C. S. K., J.A.B., and A. M. M. are supported by NSF grant AST-1009756. NR 45 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 1 PY 2012 VL 756 IS 1 AR 52 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/756/1/52 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 009SA UT WOS:000309044300052 ER PT J AU Patnaude, DJ Badenes, C Park, S Laming, JM AF Patnaude, Daniel J. Badenes, Carles Park, Sangwook Laming, J. Martin TI THE ORIGIN OF KEPLER'S SUPERNOVA REMNANT SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics; ISM: individual objects (SN 1604); ISM: supernova remnants; nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances; supernovae: general; X-rays: ISM ID X-RAY-EMISSION; MASS-LOSS RATES; DIFFUSIVE SHOCK ACCELERATION; IA SUPERNOVA; BLAST WAVE; RS OPHIUCHI; SN 2011FE; NONEQUILIBRIUM IONIZATION; CIRCUMSTELLAR MATERIAL; EXPLOSION MECHANISM AB It is now well established that Kepler's supernova remnant (SNR) is the result of a Type Ia explosion. With an age of 407 yr and an angular diameter of similar to 4', Kepler is estimated to be between 3.0 and 7.0 kpc distant. Unlike other Galactic Type Ia SNRs such as Tycho and SN 1006, and SNR 0509-67.5 in the Large Magellanic Cloud, Kepler shows evidence for a strong circumstellar interaction. A bowshock structure in the north is thought to originate from the motion of a mass-losing system through the interstellar medium prior to the supernova. We present results of hydrodynamical and spectral modeling aimed at constraining the circumstellar environment of the system and the amount of Ni-56 produced in the explosion. Using models that contain either 0.3M(circle dot) (subenergetic) or 1.0M(circle dot) (energetic) of Ni-56, we simulate the interaction between supernova Ia ejecta and various circumstellar density models. Based on dynamical considerations alone, we find that the subenergetic models favor a distance to the SNR of <6.4 kpc, while the model that produces 1M(circle dot) of Ni-56 requires a distance to the SNR of >7 kpc. The X-ray spectrum is consistent with an explosion that produced similar to 1M(circle dot) of Ni-56, ruling out the subenergetic models, and suggesting that Kepler's SNR was an SN 1991T-like event. Additionally, the X-ray spectrum rules out a pure r(-2) wind profile expected from isotropic mass loss up to the time of the supernova. Introducing a small cavity around the progenitor system results in modeled X-ray spectra that are consistent with the observed spectrum. If a wind-shaped circumstellar environment is necessary to explain the dynamics and X-ray emission from the shocked ejecta in Kepler's SNR, then we require that the distance to the remnant be greater than 7 kpc. C1 [Patnaude, Daniel J.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Badenes, Carles] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Badenes, Carles] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Badenes, Carles] Weizmann Inst Sci, Benoziyo Ctr Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Park, Sangwook] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Laming, J. Martin] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Patnaude, DJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Badenes, Carles/0000-0003-3494-343X FU Chandra Theory program [GO0-11094X]; NASA [NAS8-03060] FX D.J.P. acknowledges support from the Chandra Theory program through grant GO0-11094X as well as support from NASA contract NAS8-03060. D.J.P. is grateful for the hospitality of the Weizmann Institute for hosting him so that the groundwork for this paper could be performed. We thank Alexa Hart at SAO for useful discussions regarding the abundances and wind luminosities of asymptotic giant branch stars. Additionally, we thank Paul Plucinsky for discussions regarding the measurement of line centroids in ACIS spectra. NR 56 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 1 PY 2012 VL 756 IS 1 AR 6 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/756/1/6 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 009SA UT WOS:000309044300006 ER PT J AU Holm, ER AF Holm, Eric R. TI Barnacles and Biofouling SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BALANUS AMPHIBALANUS AMPHITRITE; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; CYPRID LARV-AE; ANTIFOULING COATINGS; IN-SITU; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; SILICONE COATINGS; ADHESIVE PLAQUE; SETTLEMENT; SURFACES AB Biofouling, the attachment and growth of organisms on submerged, man-made surfaces, has plagued ship operators for at least 2500 years. Accumulation of biofouling, including barnacles and other sessile marine invertebrates, increases the frictional resistance of ships' hulls, resulting in an increase in power and in fuel consumption required to make speed. Scientists and engineers recognized over 100 years ago that in order to solve the biofouling problem, a deeper understanding of the biology of the organisms involved, particularly with regard to larval settlement and metamorphosis and adhesives and adhesion, would be required. Barnacles have served as an important tool in pursuing this research. Over the past 20 years, the pace of these studies has accelerated, likely driven by the introduction of environmental regulations banning the most effective biofouling control products from the market. Research has largely focused on larval settlement and metamorphosis, the development of new biocides, and materials/surface science. Increased research has so far, however, failed to result in commercial applications. Two recent successes (medetomidine/Selektope (R), surface-bound noradrenaline) build on our improving understanding of the role of the larval nervous system in mediating settlement and metamorphosis. New findings with regard to the curing of barnacle adhesives may pave the way to additional successes. Although the development of most current biofouling control technologies remains largely uninfluenced by basic research on, for example, the ability of settling larvae to perceive surface cues, or the nature of the interaction between organismal adhesives and the substrate, newly-developed materials can serve as useful probes to further our understanding of these processes. C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Holm, ER (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Code 614, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM eric.holm@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; ILIR Program of the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division FX My research on biofouling has been supported by the Office of Naval Research (L. Chrisey, S. McElvany) and the ILIR Program of the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division (J. Barkyoumb). NR 74 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 7 U2 76 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 52 IS 3 BP 348 EP 355 DI 10.1093/icb/ics042 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 993CI UT WOS:000307832000003 PM 22508866 ER PT J AU Rogers, WE Babanin, AV Wang, DW AF Rogers, W. Erick Babanin, Alexander V. Wang, David W. TI Observation-Consistent Input and Whitecapping Dissipation in a Model for Wind-Generated Surface Waves: Description and Simple Calculations SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOLLOWER FIELD-MEASUREMENTS; SPECTRAL-FUNCTION; BREAKING PROBABILITY; DIRECTIONAL SPECTRA; ENERGY-TRANSFER; GRAVITY-WAVES; SEA-SURFACE; PART II; OCEAN; WATER AB A new wind-input and wind-breaking dissipation for phase-averaged spectral models of wind-generated surface waves is presented. Both are based on recent field observations in Lake George, New South Wales, Australia, at moderate-to-strong wind-wave conditions. The respective parameterizations are built on quantitative measurements and incorporate new observed physical features, which until very recently were missing in source terms employed in operational models. Two novel features of the wind-input source function are those that account for the effects of full airflow separation (and therefore relative reduction of the input at strong wind forcing) and for nonlinear behavior of this term. The breaking term also incorporates two new features evident from observational studies; the dissipation consists of two parts-a strictly local dissipation term and a cumulative term-and there is a threshold for wave breaking, below which no breaking occurs. Four variants of the dissipation term are selected for evaluation, with minimal calibration to each. These four models are evaluated using simple calculations herein. Results are generally favorable. Evaluation for more complex situations will be addressed in a forthcoming paper. C1 [Rogers, W. Erick; Wang, David W.] USN, Div Oceanog, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Babanin, Alexander V.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Fac Engn & Ind Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RP Rogers, WE (reprint author), USN, Div Oceanog, Res Lab, Code 7322, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM erick.rogers@nrlssc.navy.mil RI Babanin, Alexander/A-6676-2008; OI Babanin, Alexander/0000-0002-8595-8204 FU Office of Naval Research via the NRL Core Program [61153N]; National Ocean Partnership Program FX The authors thank Dr. Stefan Zieger (Swinburne University) and anonymous reviewers for useful suggestions and comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the Office of Naval Research via the NRL Core Program (Program Element 61153N) and the National Ocean Partnership Program. NR 74 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 29 IS 9 BP 1329 EP 1346 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-11-00092.1 PG 18 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 006XT UT WOS:000308853800013 ER PT J AU Englert, CR Harlander, JM Brown, CM Meriwether, JW Makela, JJ Castelaz, M Emmert, JT Drob, DP Marr, KD AF Englert, C. R. Harlander, J. M. Brown, C. M. Meriwether, J. W. Makela, J. J. Castelaz, M. Emmert, J. T. Drob, D. P. Marr, K. D. TI Coincident thermospheric wind measurements using ground-based Doppler Asymmetric Spatial Heterodyne (DASH) and Fabry-Perot Interferometer (FPI) instruments SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Thermosphere; Wind; Remote sensing ID ATMOSPHERE RESEARCH SATELLITE; SPECTROSCOPY DASH; MILLSTONE HILL; VERTICAL WINDS; ALASKA; CLIMATOLOGY; FIELD AB The thermospheric wind is a critical geophysical parameter for understanding the behavior of the Earth's upper atmosphere. Global-scale characterization of this parameter is needed to enable improved specification and forecasting of the near space environment. Global-scale measurements of horizontal wind vectors versus altitude have been performed from satellites using a variety of techniques, but the available data are still sparse. To address some of the challenges presented by space-based thermospheric wind measurement, the Doppler Asymmetric Spatial Heterodyne (DASH) technique has recently been developed. Here we present results of a ground-based validation of the DASH technique. The successful validation was performed by conducting collocated ground-based measurements with an instrument that uses the well established Fabry-Perot interferometer technique. Due to cloud cover and a limited observation period, data for only one night of simultaneous observations with minor cloud interference were obtained. The wind velocities observed by the two techniques show good overall agreement, but differences larger than the combined uncertainties are present at times. Contributions to these larger disagreements could be due to cloud interference, the minor differences in the observation geometry, or a non-zero vertical wind. A comparison of this single night of data with the Horizontal Wind Model (HWM07) climatology shows differences of up to about 100 m/s on timescales of less than an hour to several hours. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Englert, C. R.; Brown, C. M.; Emmert, J. T.; Drob, D. P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Harlander, J. M.] St Cloud State Univ, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA. [Meriwether, J. W.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Makela, J. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Castelaz, M.] Pisgah Astron Res Inst, Rosman, NC 28772 USA. RP Englert, CR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM christoph.englert@nrl.navy.mil RI Drob, Douglas/G-4061-2014; OI Drob, Douglas/0000-0002-2045-7740; Englert, Christoph/0000-0002-2145-6168 FU Office of Naval Research; National Science Foundation through CEDAR [AGS-1138998, AGS-1138931] FX Work at NRL and the REDDI instrument were supported by the Office of Naval Research. Work at the University of Illinois was supported by the National Science Foundation through CEDAR grant AGS-1138998. Work at Clemson University was supported by the National Science Foundation through CEDAR grant AGS-1138931. The authors would like to thank the PARI staff for their outstanding support. NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1364-6826 J9 J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY JI J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 86 BP 92 EP 98 DI 10.1016/j.jastp.2012.07.002 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 013GS UT WOS:000309294500011 ER PT J AU Keen, TR Stavn, RH AF Keen, Timothy R. Stavn, Robert H. TI Hydrodynamics and Marine Optics during Cold Fronts at Santa Rosa Island, Florida SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Nearshore flow; waves; optical scattering; sand resuspension; marine hydrosol ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; REMOTE-SENSING ALGORITHMS; COASTAL WATERS; SCATTERING COEFFICIENT; LIGHT-SCATTERING; OCEAN WATERS; PHYTOPLANKTON; INHERENT; MODEL; RIVER AB Observations of optical and hydrodynamic processes were made on the open beach on Santa Rosa Island, Florida, in March 1995. This study focuses on the passage of two cold fronts. The observations have been supplemented by a bio-optical model; a suite of hydrodynamic models to simulate coastal flows forced by waves, tides, local wind, and coastal sea level; and a gee-optical model that predicts scattering by mineral particles resuspended by wave action. These models have been used to examine the interaction of atmospheric forcing and hydrodynamics with respect to the observed marine hydrosol. The optical and hydrodynamic measurements, and the model results, have been used to conceive a cold-front regime model of the hydrosol for open beaches in the Gulf of Mexico. The optical environment during the cold front was determined by three hydrosol phases: (1) a prefrontal steady-state hydrosol consisting of fine resuspended mineral particles, phytoplankton cells, organic detritus, and colored dissolved organic matter; (2) a frontal phase dominated by resuspended mineral particles; and (3) a postfrontal hydrosol containing large phytoplankton, detritus, and fine mineral particles. This concept is useful for identifying the physical processes responsible for observed optical properties. It should be applicable to other regions and types of events. C1 [Keen, Timothy R.] USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Stavn, Robert H.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. RP Keen, TR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM timothy.keen@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory 6.1 Core program; American Society of Engineering Education Summer Fellowship through the Naval Research Laboratory; Naval Research Laboratory of the Office of Naval Research [0601153N] FX T.R.K. was supported by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory 6.1 Core program. R.H.S. was supported by an American Society of Engineering Education Summer Fellowship through the Naval Research Laboratory, and the Coastal Optics project of the Naval Research Laboratory, program element 0601153N of the Office of Naval Research We also acknowledge the assistance of Alan Weidemann through discussions that contributed substantially to this manuscript. We thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. NR 76 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 28 IS 5 BP 1073 EP 1087 DI 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-11-00179.1 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 005UA UT WOS:000308774400010 ER PT J AU Juliano, ML Sauter, BM AF Juliano, Michael L. Sauter, Bettina M. TI FETAL OUTCOMES IN FIRST TRIMESTER PREGNANCIES WITH AN INDETERMINATE ULTRASOUND SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE ultrasound; pregnancy; indeterminate; fetal outcome; vaginal bleeding; abdominal pain ID ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; TRANSVAGINAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY; PELVIC ULTRASOUND; EMERGENCY; SUBCLASSIFICATION; DIAGNOSIS; RISK AB Background: Pregnant women commonly present to the Emergency Department (ED) for evaluation during their first trimester. These women have many concerns, one of which is the viability of their pregnancy and the probability of miscarriage. Study Objectives: We sought to determine fetal outcomes of women with an indeterminate ultrasound who present to the ED during the first trimester of pregnancy. Methods: A retrospective analysis of consecutive ED patient encounters from December 2005 to September 2006 was performed to identify patients who were pregnant and who had an indeterminate transvaginal ultrasound performed by an emergency physician or through the Radiology Department during their ED visit. Demographic data, obstetric/gynecologic history, and presenting symptoms were recorded onto a standardized patient chart template designed to be used for any first trimester pregnancy. Outcomes (spontaneous abortion, ectopic pregnancy, and 20-week gestation) were determined via computerized medical records. Results: During the study timeframe, a total of 1164 patients were evaluated in the ED during the first trimester of their pregnancy; 359 patients (30.8%) met inclusion criteria and had a diagnosis of indeterminate ultrasound. Outcome data were obtained for 293 patients. Carrying the pregnancy to >= 20 weeks occurred in 70 patients (23.9%). Spontaneous abortion occurred in 193 women (65.9%), and 30 women (10.2%) were treated for an ectopic pregnancy. Total fetal loss incidence was 89.2% in patients presenting with any vaginal bleeding, compared to 34.7% in patients with pain only. Conclusion: Indeterminate ultrasounds in the setting of first trimester symptomatic pregnancy are indicative of poor fetal outcomes. Vaginal bleeding increased the risk of fetal loss. These data will assist emergency physicians in counseling women in the ED who are found to have an indeterminate ultrasound. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Juliano, Michael L.; Sauter, Bettina M.] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Juliano, ML (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0736-4679 J9 J EMERG MED JI J. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 43 IS 3 BP 417 EP 422 DI 10.1016/j.jemermed.2011.05.021 PG 6 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 011GR UT WOS:000309153600003 PM 21719231 ER PT J AU Booth-Kewley, S Highfill-McRoy, RM Larson, GE Garland, CF Gaskin, TA AF Booth-Kewley, Stephanie Highfill-McRoy, Robyn M. Larson, Gerald E. Garland, Cedric F. Gaskin, Thomas A. TI Anxiety and Depression in Marines Sent to War in Iraq and Afghanistan SO JOURNAL OF NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Anxiety; depression; psychiatric disorders; military populations; Marines; Iraq/Afghanistan wars; veterans; combat; deployment stressors ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; MENTAL-HEALTH PROBLEMS; GULF-WAR; PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS; PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSES; DEPLOYMENT STRESSORS; COMBAT DEPLOYMENT; VIETNAM VETERANS; ZONE STRESSORS AB Although the effects of combat deployment on posttraumatic stress disorder have been extensively studied, little is known about the effects of combat deployment on depression and anxiety. This study examined the factors associated with anxiety and depression in a sample of 1560 US Marines who were deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan. Eleven demographic and psychosocial factors were studied in relation to depression and anxiety. Five factors emerged as significant in relation to depression: deployment-related stressors, combat exposure, attitudes toward leadership, mild traumatic brain injury symptoms, and marital status. The same factors, with the exception of marital status, emerged as significant in relation to anxiety. Deployment-related stressors had a stronger association with both depression and anxiety than any other variable, including combat exposure. This finding is important because deployment-related stressors are potentially modifiable by the military. C1 [Booth-Kewley, Stephanie] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Dept, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Garland, Cedric F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Garland, Cedric F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Moores UCSD Canc Ctr, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Gaskin, Thomas A.] US Marine Corps, Combat Operat Stress Control, Quantico, VA USA. RP Booth-Kewley, S (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Dept, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM stephanie.kewley@med.navy.mil FU Headquarters, Marine Corps (Combat Operational Stress Control), Work Unit [60518] FX This research was supported by Headquarters, Marine Corps (Combat Operational Stress Control), Work Unit 60518. The authors declare no conflict of interest. NR 55 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-3018 J9 J NERV MENT DIS JI J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 200 IS 9 BP 749 EP 757 DI 10.1097/NMD.0b013e318266b7e7 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 003KX UT WOS:000308611500004 PM 22922233 ER PT J AU Ignacio, RC Klapheke, WP Stephen, T Bond, S AF Ignacio, Romeo C., Jr. Klapheke, William P. Stephen, Thomas Bond, Sheldon TI Diverticulitis in a child with Williams syndrome: a case report and review of the literature SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY LA English DT Review DE Williams syndrome; Diverticulitis; Pediatrics ID SUPRAVALVULAR AORTIC STENOSIS; NATURAL-HISTORY; BEUREN-SYNDROME; PREVALENCE; DISEASE AB Diverticulitis is rare in pediatric patients and often associated with a more complicated course than that seen with adult patients. Certain syndromes, such as Williams syndrome, have been associated with an increase incidence of diverticular disease. We describe a 9-year-old boy with Williams syndrome who presented with rectal bleeding secondary to sigmoid diverticulitis. This case represents the youngest known patient with diverticulitis. Patients with this disorder who present with chronic or recurrent abdominal pain should be evaluated for diverticular disease and its potential complications. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Bond, Sheldon] Univ Louisville, Div Pediat Surg, Dept Pediat Surg, Sch Med, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Ignacio, Romeo C., Jr.] USN, Div Pediat Surg, Dept Surg, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Klapheke, William P.] Univ Louisville, Dept Gen Surg, Sch Med, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Stephen, Thomas] Univ Louisville, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Gastroenterol, Sch Med, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. RP Bond, S (reprint author), Univ Louisville, Div Pediat Surg, Dept Pediat Surg, Sch Med, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. EM sbond01@gwise.louisville.edu NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0022-3468 J9 J PEDIATR SURG JI J. Pediatr. Surg. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 47 IS 9 BP E33 EP E35 DI 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2012.05.036 PG 3 WC Pediatrics; Surgery SC Pediatrics; Surgery GA 006HP UT WOS:000308810400008 PM 22974633 ER PT J AU Arbic, BK Scott, RB Flierl, GR Morten, AJ Richman, JG Shriver, JF AF Arbic, Brian K. Scott, Robert B. Flierl, Glenn R. Morten, Andrew J. Richman, James G. Shriver, Jay F. TI Nonlinear Cascades of Surface Oceanic Geostrophic Kinetic Energy in the Frequency Domain SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID TIME SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; GLOBAL OCEAN; BAROCLINIC INSTABILITY; VERTICAL STRUCTURE; COHERENT VORTICES; TURBULENCE; EDDIES; FLUXES; SPACE; MODEL AB Motivated by the ubiquity of time series in oceanic data, the relative lack of studies of geostrophic turbulence in the frequency domain, and the interest in quantifying the contributions of intrinsic nonlinearities to oceanic frequency spectra, this paper examines the spectra and spectral fluxes of surface oceanic geostrophic flows in the frequency domain. Spectra and spectral fluxes are computed from idealized two-layer quasigeostrophic (QG) turbulence models and realistic ocean general circulation models, as well as from gridded satellite altimeter data. The frequency spectra of the variance of streamfunction (akin to sea surface height) and of geostrophic velocity are qualitatively similar in all of these, with substantial variance extending out to low frequencies. The spectral flux Pi(omega) of kinetic energy in the frequency omega domain for the QG model documents a tendency for nonlinearity to drive energy toward longer periods, in like manner to the inverse cascade toward larger length scales documented in calculations of the spectral flux Pi(k) in the wavenumber k domain. Computations of Pi(omega) in the realistic model also display an "inverse temporal cascade." In satellite altimeter data, some regions are dominated by an inverse temporal cascade, whereas others exhibit a forward temporal cascade. However, calculations performed with temporally and/or spatially filtered output from the models demonstrate that Pi(omega) values are highly susceptible to the smoothing inherent in the construction of gridded altimeter products. Therefore, at present it is difficult to say whether the forward temporal cascades seen in some regions in altimeter data represent physics that is missing in the models studied here or merely sampling artifacts. C1 [Arbic, Brian K.] Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Scott, Robert B.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Geophys, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX USA. [Scott, Robert B.] Univ Bretagne Occidental, Dept Phys, Brest, France. [Scott, Robert B.] Univ Bretagne Occidental, LPO, Brest, France. [Flierl, Glenn R.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA USA. [Morten, Andrew J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Richman, James G.; Shriver, Jay F.] USN, Div Oceanog, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Arbic, BK (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM arbic@umich.edu OI Arbic, Brian K/0000-0002-7969-2294 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-1-0487, 601153N]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [OCE-09607820]; University of Michigan faculty startup funds; NSF [OCE-0960834, OCE-0851457, OCE-0960826]; project Global and remote littoral forcing in global ocean models; project Ageostrophic vorticity dynamics of the ocean FX The authors thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments, which led to substantial improvements to this manuscript. Helpful discussions with Ru Chen, Charlie Doering, Nicolas Ducousso, Steve Griffies, Thierry Penduff, and Carl Wunsch are gratefully acknowledged. BKA and AJM were supported by Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-11-1-0487, National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant OCE-09607820, and University of Michigan faculty startup funds. RBS acknowledges support from NSF Grants OCE-0960834 and OCE-0851457; a contract with the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton; and a NASA subcontract to Boston University. GRF received support from NSF Grant OCE-0960826. JFS and JGR were supported by the projects "Global and remote littoral forcing in global ocean models" and "Ageostrophic vorticity dynamics of the ocean," respectively, both sponsored by the Office of Naval Research under program element 601153N. The NRL contribution has been approved for public release. NR 49 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 42 IS 9 BP 1577 EP 1600 DI 10.1175/JPO-D-11-0151.1 PG 24 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 009IC UT WOS:000309018500012 ER PT J AU Senne, J Song, A Badiey, M Smith, KB AF Senne, J. Song, A. Badiey, M. Smith, K. B. TI Parabolic equation modeling of high frequency acoustic transmission with an evolving sea surface SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ROUGH-SURFACE; SHALLOW-WATER; GRAVITY-WAVES; SCATTERING; PROPAGATION; APPROXIMATION; ALGORITHM; TIME AB The present paper examines the temporal evolution of acoustic fields by modeling forward propagation subject to sea surface dynamics with time scales of less than a second to tens of seconds. A time-evolving rough sea surface model is combined with a rough surface formulation of a parabolic equation model for predicting time-varying acoustic fields. Surface waves are generated from surface wave spectra, and stepped in time using a Runge-Kutta integration technique applied to linear evolution equations. This evolving, range-dependent surface information is combined with other environmental parameters and input to the acoustic model, giving an approximation of the time-varying acoustic field. The wide-angle parabolic equation model manages the rough sea surfaces by molding them into the boundary conditions for calculations of the near-surface acoustic field. This merged acoustic model is validated using concurrently-collected acoustic and environmental information, including surface wave spectra. Data to model comparisons demonstrate that the model is able to approximate the ensemble-averaged acoustic intensity at ranges of about a kilometer for acoustic signals of around 15 kHz. Furthermore, the model is shown to capture variations due to surface fluctuations occurring over time scales of less than a second to tens of seconds. (C) 2012 Acoustical Society of America. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4742720] C1 [Senne, J.; Song, A.; Badiey, M.] Univ Delaware, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Smith, K. B.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Senne, J (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM sennejm@me.com OI Song, Aijun/0000-0002-4736-0383 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-10-1-0396, N00014-11-WX-20707, N00014-10-1-0345]; Department of Defense FX The authors wish to thank participants of KAM08 for their help in the experimental part of their work, as well as Grant Deane for discussions on rough surface effects. This effort was supported by the Office of Naval Research through Grant Nos. N00014-10-1-0396, N00014-11-WX-20707, and N00014-10-1-0345. Finally, J.S. would like to thank the Science, Mathematics, and Research for Transformation Scholarship Program, provided through the Department of Defense, for research support. NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 132 IS 3 BP 1311 EP 1318 DI 10.1121/1.4742720 PN 1 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 011HF UT WOS:000309155000022 PM 22978859 ER PT J AU Schneiderwind, JD Collis, JM Simpson, HJ AF Schneiderwind, Joseph D. Collis, Jon M. Simpson, Harry J. TI Elastic Pekeris waveguide normal mode solution comparisons against laboratory data SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PROPAGATION AB Following the derivation presented by Press and Ewing [Geophysics 15, 426-446 (1950)], a normal mode solution for the Pekeris waveguide problem with an elastic bottom is outlined. The analytic solution is benchmarked against data collected in an experiment performed at the Naval Research Laboratory [Collis et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 122, 1987-1993 (2007)]. Comparisons reveal a close match between the analytic solution and experimental data. Results are strongly dependent on the accuracy of the horizontal wavenumbers for the modes, and horizontal wavenumber spectra are compared against those from the experimental data. (C) 2012 Acoustical Society of America C1 [Schneiderwind, Joseph D.] Univ Algarve, CINTAL, Ctr Invest Tecnol Algarve, P-8005139 Faro, Portugal. [Collis, Jon M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Simpson, Harry J.] USN, Res Lab, Phys Acoust Branch Code 7136, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Schneiderwind, JD (reprint author), Univ Algarve, CINTAL, Ctr Invest Tecnol Algarve, Campus Gambelas, P-8005139 Faro, Portugal. EM jdschneiderwind@gmail.com; jcollis@mines.edu; harry.simpson@nrl.navy.mil FU National Science Foundation Division of Graduate Education [DGE-0638719] FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation Division of Graduate Education, NSF Grant No. DGE-0638719. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 132 IS 3 BP EL182 EP EL188 DI 10.1121/1.4740227 PN 1 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 011HF UT WOS:000309155000003 PM 22979830 ER PT J AU Back, SC Hobson, GV Song, SJ Millsaps, KT AF Back, Seung Chul Hobson, Garth V. Song, Seung Jin Millsaps, Knox T. TI Effects of Reynolds Number and Surface Roughness Magnitude and Location on Compressor Cascade Performance SO JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID TURBINE; FLOW AB An experimental investigation has been conducted to characterize the influence of Reynolds number and surface roughness magnitude and location on compressor cascade performance. Flow field surveys have been conducted in a low-speed, linear compressor cascade. Pressure, velocity, and loss have been measured via a five-hole probe, pitot probe, and pressure taps on the blades. Four different roughness magnitudes, R-a values of 0.38 mu m (polished), 1.70 mu m (baseline), 2.03 mu m (rough 1), and 2.89 mu m (rough 2), have been tested. Furthermore, various roughness locations have been examined. In addition to the as manufactured (baseline) and entirely rough blade cases, blades with roughness covering the leading edge, pressure side, and 5%, 20%, 35%, 50%, and 100% of suction side from the leading edge have been studied. All of the tests have been carried out for Reynolds numbers ranging from 300,000 to 640,000. For Reynolds numbers under 500,000, the tested roughnesses do not significantly degrade compressor blade loading or loss. However, loss and blade loading become sensitive to roughness at Reynolds numbers above 550,000. Cascade performance is more sensitive to roughness on the suction side than pressure side. Furthermore, roughness on the aft 2/3 of suction side surface has a greater influence on loss. For a given roughness location, there exists a Reynolds number at which loss begins to significantly increase. Finally, increasing the roughness area on the suction surface from the leading edge reduces the Reynolds number at which the loss begins to increase. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4003821] C1 [Back, Seung Chul] Samsung Engn, Technol Dev Ctr, Suwon 443823, South Korea. [Hobson, Garth V.; Millsaps, Knox T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Song, Seung Jin] Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151744, South Korea. RP Back, SC (reprint author), Samsung Engn, Technol Dev Ctr, Suwon 443823, South Korea. FU BK21 Program of the Korean Government; Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design of Seoul National University; Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning; Naval Postgraduate School FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the BK21 Program of the Korean Government, the Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design of Seoul National University, the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning, and the Naval Postgraduate School. Lastly, the authors thank William B. Roberts for his helpful comments and insight. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 12 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0889-504X J9 J TURBOMACH JI J. Turbomach.-Trans. ASME PD SEP PY 2012 VL 134 IS 5 AR 051013 DI 10.1115/1.4003821 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 000RE UT WOS:000308404500013 ER PT J AU Downey, BP Meyer, DJ Bass, R Katzer, DS Binari, SC AF Downey, Brian P. Meyer, David J. Bass, Robert Katzer, D. Scott Binari, Steven C. TI Thermally reflowed ZEP 520A for gate length reduction and profile rounding in T-gate fabrication SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article DE electron resists ID PHOTORESIST; FREQUENCY; RESIST; HEMTS AB The characteristics of thermally reflowed ZEP 520A-7 (ZEP), a resist commonly used in electron beam lithography, are presented for use as a gate stem resist layer in T-gate process development. As-developed ZEP lines possess a resist sidewall profile that displays varying amounts of undercut, which are determined by the conditions used to expose the line. The authors find that after thermal reflow, the top of the ZEP profile becomes substantially rounded in shape, mitigating "metal cathedraling" problems, a yield-affecting issue that becomes more pronounced as the gate length is reduced. In addition to profile rounding, a linewidth reduction of over 100 nm is observed, and this process has been used to produce gate lengths in the 30-40 nm range. The changes in feature size and the final profile shape depend on the as-developed sidewall angle. Additionally, the ZEP reflow process saturates after a certain amount of time, so reproducibility is not hindered by a lack of precise control in timing. As larger lines can be used to produce smaller features via reflow, the potential for faster throughput exists due to the use of a higher beam current, which would normally limit the attainable minimum feature size. C1 [Downey, Brian P.; Meyer, David J.; Bass, Robert; Katzer, D. Scott; Binari, Steven C.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Downey, BP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brian.downey@nrl.navy.mil RI Katzer, D. Scott/N-7841-2013 FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 11 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD SEP PY 2012 VL 30 IS 5 AR 051603 DI 10.1116/1.4740502 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 010DA UT WOS:000309073500017 ER PT J AU Kuo, HC Chang, CP Liu, CH AF Kuo, Hung-Chi Chang, Chih-Pei Liu, Ching-Hwang TI Convection and Rapid Filamentation in Typhoon Sinlaku during TCS-08/T-PARC SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL CYCLONE; CONCENTRIC EYEWALLS; INTENSITY CHANGES; PART I; VORTICES; RADAR; CLASSIFICATION; REFLECTIVITY; HURRICANES; STORM AB This study examines the convection and rapid filamentation in Typhoon Sinlaku (2008) using the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) P-3 aircraft data collected during the Tropical Cyclone Structure 2008 (TCS-08) and The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment (THORPEX) Pacific Asian Regional Campaign (T-PARC) field experiments. The high-resolution aircraft radar and wind data are used to directly compute the filamentation time, to allow an investigation into the effect of filamentation on convection. During the reintensification stage, some regions of deep convection near the eyewall are found in the vorticity-dominated area where there is little filamentation. In some other parts of the eyewall and the outer spiral rainband region, including areas of upward motion, the filamentation process appears to suppress deep convection. However, the magnitude of the suppression differs greatly in the two regions. In the outer spiral band region, which is about 200 km from the center, the suppression is much more effective, such that the ratio of the deep convective regime occurrence over the stratiform regime varies from around 50% (200%) for filamentation time shorter (longer) than 24 min. In the eyewall cloud region where the conditions are conducive to deep convection, the filamentation effect may be quite limited. While effect of filamentation suppression is only about 10%, it is still systematic and conspicuous for filamentation times shorter than 19 min. The results suggest the possible importance of vortex-scale filamentation dynamics in suppressing deep convection and organizing spiral bands, which may affect the development and evolution of tropical cyclones. C1 [Kuo, Hung-Chi; Chang, Chih-Pei] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Kuo, Hung-Chi] Taida Inst Math Sci, Taipei, Taiwan. [Chang, Chih-Pei] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA USA. [Liu, Ching-Hwang] Chinese Culture Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei, Taiwan. RP Kuo, HC (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, 1 Sec 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. EM kuo@as.ntu.edu.tw OI KUO, HUNG-CHI/0000-0001-9102-5104 FU U.S. Office of Naval Research [N0001408WR20125, N0001409AF00002, N0001410AF00002]; Taiwan's National Research Council [NSC96-2111-M-002-002, NSC97-2628-M-002-023, 97R0066-69, MOTC-CWB-96-2M-01] FX This research was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research to Naval Postgraduate School, under Awards N0001408WR20125, N0001409AF00002, and N0001410AF00002, and by Taiwan's National Research Council through Grants NSC96-2111-M-002-002, NSC97-2628-M-002-023, 97R0066-69, and MOTC-CWB-96-2M-01 to the National Taiwan University. HCK and CHL wish to thank ONR for supporting visits to the Naval Postgraduate School and for participation in the TCS-08 field experiment. CPC wishes to thank NSC for supporting visits to the National Taiwan University. We thank the entire NRL P-3 team for collecting and providing the data used in this research. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 140 IS 9 BP 2806 EP 2817 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-11-00314.1 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 000QA UT WOS:000308400500003 ER PT J AU Yurkiewicz, IR Lappan, CM Neely, ET Hesselbrock, RR Girard, PD Alphonso, AL Tsao, JW AF Yurkiewicz, Ilana R. Lappan, Charles M. Neely, Edward T. Hesselbrock, Roger R. Girard, Philip D. Alphonso, Aimee L. Tsao, Jack W. TI Outcomes from a US military neurology and traumatic brain injury telemedicine program SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article AB Objective: This study evaluated usage of the Army Knowledge Online (AKO) Telemedicine Consultation Program for neurology and traumatic brain injury (TBI) cases in remote overseas areas with limited access to subspecialists. We performed a descriptive analysis of quantity of consults, response times, sites where consults originated, military branches that benefitted, anatomic locations of problems, and diagnoses. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis that searched electronic databases for neurology consults from October 2006 to December 2010 and TBI consults from March 2008 to December 2010. Results: A total of 508 consults were received for neurology, and 131 consults involved TBI. For the most part, quantity of consults increased over the years. Meanwhile, response times decreased, with a mean response time of 8 hours, 14 minutes for neurology consults and 2 hours, 44 minutes for TBI consults. Most neurology consults originated in Iraq (67.59%) followed by Afghanistan (16.84%), whereas TBI consults mainly originated from Afghanistan (40.87%) followed by Iraq (33.91%). The most common consultant diagnoses were headaches, including migraines (52.1%), for neurology cases and mild TBI/concussion (52.3%) for TBI cases. In the majority of cases, consultants recommended in-theater management. After receipt of consultant's recommendation, 84 known neurology evacuations were facilitated, and 3 known neurology evacuations were prevented. Conclusions: E-mail-based neurology and TBI subspecialty teleconsultation is a viable method for overseas providers in remote locations to receive expert recommendations for a range of neurologic conditions. These recommendations can facilitate medically necessary patient evacuations or prevent evacuations for which on-site care is preferable. Neurology (R) 2012;79:1237-1243 C1 [Tsao, Jack W.] USN, Bur Med & Surg, Washington, DC USA. [Tsao, Jack W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Yurkiewicz, Ilana R.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Lappan, Charles M.] Telehealth, So Reg Med Command, Off Surgeon Gen Teleconsultat Programs Project Ma, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Neely, Edward T.; Alphonso, Aimee L.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD USA. [Hesselbrock, Roger R.] USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, Aerosp Med Consultat Div, Dayton, OH USA. [Girard, Philip D.] Dept Vet Affairs Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Tsao, JW (reprint author), USN, Bur Med & Surg, Washington, DC USA. EM jack.tsao@usuhs.edu FU US Army FX I.R. Yurkiewicz, C. M. Lappan, E. T. Neely, R. R. Hesselbrock, P. D. Girard, and A. L. Alphonso reports no disclosures. J.W. Tsao has received funding from the US Army to develop a military neurology telemedicine system. Go to Neurology.org for full disclosures. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD SEP PY 2012 VL 79 IS 12 BP 1237 EP 1243 DI 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31826aac33 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 009WK UT WOS:000309055900014 PM 22955133 ER PT J AU Pollman, A Vierow, K di Marzo, M AF Pollman, Anthony Vierow, Karen di Marzo, Marino TI Analysis of rapid-condensation transient using TRACE SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article AB A1-Dimensional TRACE model of the UMD-USNA Near One-dimensional Transient Experimental Apparatus (MANOTEA) facility was created and the output compared to facility data. The model over-estimated pressures and temperatures observed in the condenser during the experiment. In addition, the model always predicted that the condenser pipe would fill. In order to improve the model, a list of the phenomena was generated, and then mapped to TRACE parameters. This exercise was aimed at finding ways to capture the energy partition; and in doing so, prevent the condenser from filling. Over 250 TRACE cases were run, and the effective and physically justifiable parameters were incorporated into a 3-Dimensional Model. The 3-D Model incorporated non-condensable gases, providing a physical mechanism by which transient simulations could terminate smoothly. In addition, A VESSEL component was added to provide a rudimentary means to approximate the energy partition. The 3-D Model generally under-predicted trends observed in the experiments. Shortcomings in these initial models were discussed. In spite of the need for model improvement, the present work underscored the need to implement a droplet field in TRACE. This droplet field may improve simulations of MANOTEA transients by providing a better means to capture condensation phenomena occurring in the condenser vapor space. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pollman, Anthony] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Vierow, Karen] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [di Marzo, Marino] Univ Maryland, Fire Protect Engn Dept, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Pollman, A (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM pollman@usna.edu FU University of Maryland; United States Naval Academy Research Funds FX This effort was undertaken with financial support from University of Maryland and United States Naval Academy Research Funds. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 250 BP 512 EP 519 DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2012.05.018 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 998US UT WOS:000308266500051 ER PT J AU Truscott, TT Wright, MM Langley, KR Belden, J AF Truscott, Tadd T. Wright, Michael M. Langley, Ken R. Belden, Jesse TI Holy balls! Balls that walk on water SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Truscott, Tadd T.; Wright, Michael M.; Langley, Ken R.; Belden, Jesse] Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Belden, Jesse] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Truscott, TT (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. OI Langley, Kenneth/0000-0001-6999-8727 NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD SEP PY 2012 VL 24 IS 9 AR 091103 DI 10.1063/1.4746071 PG 2 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 015DN UT WOS:000309425800003 ER PT J AU Willard, MA Daniil, M Kniping, KE AF Willard, M. A. Daniil, M. Kniping, K. E. TI Nanocrystalline soft magnetic materials at high temperatures: A perspective SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Nanocrystalline materials; High temperature; Nanocomposite; Melt spinning; Magnetic properties ID SI-B ALLOYS; RANDOM MAGNETOCRYSTALLINE; METALLIC GLASSES; HITPERM ALLOYS; NB ALLOYS; CO; ANISOTROPY; FERROMAGNETS; DEPENDENCE; BEHAVIOR AB The high temperature properties of nanocomposite soft magnetic materials are limited by a combined effect of stability of the microstructure and the ability to maintain exchange coupling in the alloy. We discuss features of alloy design that impact the evaluation of nanocomposite materials and suggest several considerations that must be examined to overcome the challenges of using these nanostructured materials at elevated temperatures. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 [Willard, M. A.; Kniping, K. E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Daniil, M.] George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Willard, MA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM willard@anvil.nrl.navy.mil RI Willard, Matthew/A-8492-2009 OI Willard, Matthew/0000-0001-5052-8012 FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Office of Naval Research for this work. NR 55 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 45 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 67 IS 6 BP 554 EP 559 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2011.12.043 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 994DI UT WOS:000307910700007 ER PT J AU Clark, DV Jahrling, PB Lawler, JV AF Clark, Danielle V. Jahrling, Peter B. Lawler, James V. TI Clinical Management of Filovirus-Infected Patients SO VIRUSES-BASEL LA English DT Review DE Filoviruses; Ebola; Marburg; Clinical management; Treatment; Outbreak ID EBOLA HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; DISEASE SURVEILLANCE UPDATE; MARBURG-VIRUS DISEASE; SURVIVING SEPSIS CAMPAIGN; SEPTIC SHOCK; OUTBREAK; CONGO; GABON; EPIDEMIC; FEATURES AB Filovirus infection presents many unique challenges to patient management. Currently no approved treatments are available, and the recommendations for supportive care are not evidence based. The austere clinical settings in which patients often present and the sporadic and at times explosive nature of filovirus outbreaks have effectively limited the information available to evaluate potential management strategies. This review will summarize the management approaches used in filovirus outbreaks and provide recommendations for collecting the information necessary for evaluating and potentially improving patient outcomes in the future. C1 [Clark, Danielle V.; Jahrling, Peter B.] NIAID, NIH, Integrated Res Facil, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Lawler, James V.] USN, Med Res Ctr Frederick, Frederick, MD USA. RP Clark, DV (reprint author), NIAID, NIH, Integrated Res Facil, Ft Detrick, MD USA. EM Danielle.clark.ctr@med.navy.mil; jahrlingp@niaid.nih.gov; james.lawler2@med.navy.mil NR 115 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 14 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4915 J9 VIRUSES-BASEL JI Viruses-Basel PD SEP PY 2012 VL 4 IS 9 BP 1668 EP 1686 DI 10.3390/v4091668 PG 19 WC Virology SC Virology GA 012XF UT WOS:000309269300016 PM 23170178 ER PT J AU Mahon, R Moore, CI Ferraro, M Rabinovich, WS Suite, MR AF Mahon, Rita Moore, Christopher I. Ferraro, Mike Rabinovich, William S. Suite, Michele R. TI Atmospheric turbulence effects measured along horizontal-path optical retro-reflector links SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID TO-STRONG TURBULENCE; IRRADIANCE FLUCTUATIONS; PROBABILITY DENSITY; PROPAGATION; ENHANCEMENT; INTENSITY; LIDAR AB The scintillation measured over close-to-ground retro-reflector links can be substantially enhanced due to the correlations experienced by both the direct and reflected echo beams. Experiments were carried out at China Lake, California, over a variety of ranges. The emphasis in this paper is on presenting the data from the 1.1 km retro-reflecting link that was operated for four consecutive days. The dependence of the measured irradiance flux variance on the solar fluence and on the temperature gradient above the ground is presented. The data are consistent with scintillation minima near sunrise and sunset, rising rapidly during the day and saturating at irradiance flux variances of similar to 10. Measured irradiance probability distributions of the retro-reflected beam are compared with standard probability density functions. The ratio of the irradiance flux variances on the retro-reflected to the direct, single-pass case is investigated with two data sets, one from a monostatic system and the other using an off-axis receiver system. (c) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Mahon, Rita; Moore, Christopher I.; Ferraro, Mike; Rabinovich, William S.; Suite, Michele R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mahon, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5654,Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM rita.mahon@nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Office of Naval Research. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP 1 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 25 BP 6147 EP 6158 DI 10.1364/AO.51.006147 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA 003GF UT WOS:000308595500027 PM 22945163 ER PT J AU Melnikov, NB O'Neill, BC Dalton, MG AF Melnikov, N. B. O'Neill, B. C. Dalton, M. G. TI Accounting for household heterogeneity in general equilibrium economic growth models SO ENERGY ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Computable general equilibrium; Demographic heterogeneity; Consumer preferences; Labor supply; Aggregation; Energy demand ID FUTURE CARBON EMISSIONS AB We describe and evaluate a new method of aggregating heterogeneous households that allows for the representation of changing demographic composition in a multi-sector economic growth model. The method is based on a utility and labor supply calibration that takes into account time variations in demographic characteristics of the population. We test the method using the Population-Environment-Technology (PET) model by comparing energy and emissions projections employing the aggregate representation of households to projections representing different household types explicitly. Results show that the difference between the two approaches in terms of total demand for energy and consumption goods is negligible for a wide range of model parameters. Our approach allows the effects of population aging, urbanization. and other forms of compositional change on energy demand and CO2 emissions to be estimated and compared in a computationally manageable manner using a representative household under assumptions and functional forms that are standard in economic growth models. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Melnikov, N. B.] RAS, Cent Econ & Math Inst, Moscow 117901, Russia. [Melnikov, N. B.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [O'Neill, B. C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate & Global Dynam Div, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [O'Neill, B. C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Integrated Sci Program, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Dalton, M. G.] USN, Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Seattle, WA USA. RP Melnikov, NB (reprint author), RAS, Cent Econ & Math Inst, Moscow 117901, Russia. EM melnikov@cs.msu.su; boneill@ucar.edu; michael.dalton@noaa.gov RI O'Neill, Brian/E-6531-2013 NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0140-9883 J9 ENERG ECON JI Energy Econ. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1475 EP 1483 DI 10.1016/j.eneco.2012.06.010 PG 9 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 002XW UT WOS:000308573300020 ER PT J AU He, JH Dechiaro, LF Knies, DL Hubler, GK Grabowski, KS Moser, AE Dominguez, DD Kidwell, DA Hagelstein, PL AF He, J. H. Dechiaro, L. F. Knies, D. L. Hubler, G. K. Grabowski, K. S. Moser, A. E. Dominguez, D. D. Kidwell, D. A. Hagelstein, P. L. TI Stability of a hydrogen molecule in a vacancy of palladium hydrides SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Hydrogen molecule; Vacancy; Palladium hydride ID DEUTERIUM; POINTS AB We report our ab-initio calculations of energy states of equilibrium H-H separation in a vacancy of palladium and palladium hydrides at a variety of H/Pd loading ratios. In a vacancy of pure palladium, the H-2 molecule has a shallow local energy minimum only in the [001] direction at a separation of 0.96 angstrom and it dissociates into positions near interstitial sites due to its high energy state. Increasing the H/Pd ratio to the beta phase deepens the energy well of the H-2 molecule and results in a shorter H-H separation. At a loading ratio around 1, the H-2 molecule is mostly affected by surrounding hydrogen neighbors and the H-H separation reaches 0.77 angstrom. The H-2 molecule is then fairly stable and its energy state is comparable to that of nearby interstitial sites. Our calculations suggest that the loading ratio of hydrogen in palladium has a significant effect on the stability of the H-2 molecule in the vacancy. Copyright (c) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [He, J. H.; Moser, A. E.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Dechiaro, L. F.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. [Knies, D. L.; Hubler, G. K.; Grabowski, K. S.; Dominguez, D. D.; Kidwell, D. A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hagelstein, P. L.] MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP He, JH (reprint author), Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. EM jhe@ccs.nrl.navy.mil OI Grabowski, Kenneth/0000-0003-0816-001X FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) FX This work was supported by The Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA). The views, opinions, and/or findings contained in this article are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official views or policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Government. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD SEP PY 2012 VL 37 IS 17 BP 12351 EP 12357 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.05.035 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 009KM UT WOS:000309024700035 ER PT J AU Noblesse, F Wang, LJ Yang, C AF Noblesse, Francis Wang, Lijue Yang, Chi TI A Simple Verification Test for Nonlinear Flow Calculations Around a Ship Hull Steadily Advancing in Calm Water SO JOURNAL OF SHIP RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE nonlinear ship waves; CFD verification; analytical relations; wave profile AB Simple analytical relations that can readily be applied to verify a critical aspect of numerical predictions of fully nonlinear free-surface flows around ship hulls steadily advancing in calm water are given. The relations do not involve the flow field equations; that is, they are only based on the boundary conditions at the ship hull surface and at the free surface. These boundary conditions have a predominant influence on free-surface flows around advancing ship hulls. The analytical relations are exact for inviscid flows, and can be applied to numerical methods that solve either the Laplace equation (potential-flow methods) or the Euler flow equations (CFD Euler-flow methods). They provide a simple test to verify if numerical predictions given by nonlinear potential-flow or Euler-flow methods correctly satisfy the hull-surface and free-surface boundary conditions along the contact curve between the hull surface and the free surface. The relations might also be used to verify CFD methods that solve the RANS equations if they are applied at the edge of the viscous boundary layer. The analytical test can identify an inconsistency, which might point to a "method issue" related to a feature of a numerical method (e.g., a numerical-differentiation scheme) or an "implementation issue" in the implementation of the method (e.g., a poor discretization). For purposes of illustration, the test is applied to predictions of flows around the Wigley parabolic hull given by two CFD methods that solve the Euler equations with fully nonlinear boundary conditions at the free surface. This illustrative example demonstrates that the test can indeed be useful to identify numerical inaccuracies. The analytical relations can also be used to determine experimental values of the flow velocity at a ship wave profile that correspond to measurements of the wave profile. C1 [Noblesse, Francis] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD USA. [Wang, Lijue; Yang, Chi] George Mason Univ, Ctr Computat Fluid Dynam, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Noblesse, F (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research. Ms. Kelly Cooper is the technical monitor. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 9 PU SOC NAVAL ARCH MARINE ENG PI JERSEY CITY PA 601 PAVONIA AVENUE, JERSEY CITY, NJ 07306 USA SN 0022-4502 J9 J SHIP RES JI J. Ship Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 56 IS 3 BP 162 EP 169 DI 10.5957/JOSR.56.3.120024 PG 8 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 001FZ UT WOS:000308447300004 ER PT J AU Bukowinski, AT DeScisciolo, C Conlin, AMS Ryan, MAK Sevick, CJ Smith, TC AF Bukowinski, Anna T. DeScisciolo, Connie Conlin, Ava Marie S. Ryan, Margaret A. K. Sevick, Carter J. Smith, Tyler C. TI Birth defects in infants born in 1998-2004 to men and women serving in the U.S. military during the 1990-1991 Gulf War era SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gulf War; birth defects; military; environmental exposures; reproductive health ID REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH; MATERNAL AGE; CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS; HOSPITALIZATION DATA; PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; SMALLPOX VACCINE; VETERANS; EXPOSURE; RISK; US AB BACKGROUND Concerns about reproductive health persist among U.S. military members who served in the 19901991 Gulf War. This study explores the long-term impact of 19901991 Gulf War deployment on the prevalence of birth defects among infants of Gulf War veterans. METHODS Health care data from the Department of Defense Birth and Infant Health Registry and demographic and deployment information from the Defense Manpower Data Center were used to identify infants born between 1998 and 2004 to both male and female 19901991 Gulf War veterans. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated the adjusted odds of any birth defect and eight specific birth defects among infants of deployers versus non-deployers. In addition, birth defects were evaluated among infants born to 19901991 Gulf War veterans with deployment-specific exposures. RESULTS Among 178,766 infants identified for these analyses, 3.4% were diagnosed with a birth defect in the first year of life. Compared to infants of non-deployers, infants of deployers were not at increased odds of being diagnosed with a birth defect, or any of eight specific birth defects, in the first year of life. A slightly increased prevalence of birth defects was observed among infants born to men who deployed to the 19901991 Gulf War for 153 to 200 days compared to those who deployed for 1 to 92 days. No other deployment-specific exposures were associated with birth defects in these infants. CONCLUSIONS The 19901991 Gulf War deployers, including those with specific exposures of concern, were not found to be at increased risk for having infants with birth defects 7 to 14 years after deployment. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 94:721728, 2012. Published 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Bukowinski, Anna T.; DeScisciolo, Connie; Conlin, Ava Marie S.; Sevick, Carter J.; Smith, Tyler C.] USN, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Ryan, Margaret A. K.] USN, Clin Invest Program, Hosp Camp Pendleton, Camp Pendleton, CA USA. RP Bukowinski, AT (reprint author), USN, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM anna.bukowinski@med.navy.mil FU Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, Maryland FX We thank Scott L. Seggerman from the Management Information Division, Defense Manpower Data Center, Seaside, California. We also thank Jack M. Heller, PhD, from the Deployment Environmental Surveillance Program, U. S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine. Additionally, we thank Gia Gumbs, MPH, and Kathy Snell from the Department of Defense Birth and Infant Health Registry; and Michelle LeWark, from the Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California. We appreciate the support of the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, Maryland. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 94 IS 9 BP 721 EP 728 DI 10.1002/bdra.23062 PG 8 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 001PY UT WOS:000308473800006 PM 22903974 ER PT J AU Choukulkar, A Calhoun, R Billings, B Doyle, J AF Choukulkar, Aditya Calhoun, Ronald Billings, Brian Doyle, James TI Investigation of a Complex Nocturnal Flow in Owens Valley, California Using Coherent Doppler Lidar SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS); Lidar; Mountain meteorology; Optimal interpolation; Owens Valley; Terrain-Induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX); Vector retrieval ID ERROR COVARIANCE FUNCTIONS; BOUNDARY-LAYER STRUCTURES; ROTOR EXPERIMENT; RETRIEVAL; WINDS; SLOPES; MODEL AB A study of an interesting meteorological episode over the Owens Valley, California, USA during the Terrain-Induced Rotor EXperiment was conducted using a recently adapted statistical interpolation method to retrieve wind-velocity vectors from Doppler lidar data. This vector retrieval method has been adapted from radar data assimilation techniques. Results show that the method allows better preservation of local variations in the flow field than other techniques. In addition, a high resolution Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS (R)) run is used to understand the large-scale flow within the valley and compared with lidar retrievals. Observations from 1030 UTC to 1230 UTC (0230 local time to 0430 local time) on March 27, 2006 are presented. Lidar observations show complex and uncharacteristic flows such as sudden bursts of westerly cross-valley wind mixing with the dominant up-valley wind. Model results from COAMPS and other in-situ instrumentation are used to corroborate and complement these observations. The optimal interpolation technique for Doppler lidar data vector retrieval appears well suited for scenarios with complex spatial variations in the flow field. C1 [Choukulkar, Aditya; Calhoun, Ronald] Arizona State Univ, Environm Remote Sensing Grp, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Billings, Brian] CNR, Monterey, CA USA. [Doyle, James] USN, Mesoscale Modeling Sect, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. RP Choukulkar, A (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Environm Remote Sensing Grp, Main Campus,POB 879809, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM aditya.choukulkar@asu.edu FU NSF [0522307, ATM-0242886, ATM-0524891]; Army Research Office [W911NF0410146, W911NF0710137]; Office of Naval Research [0601153N]; US National Science Foundation; Department of Defence Major Shared Resource Centres at Stennis, MS; Wright Patterson Air Force Base, OH FX The first two authors recognize the support of NSF Grant 0522307 (Program Officer: Stephan P. Nelson) and the Army Research Office, awards W911NF0410146 and W911NF0710137 (Program Officer: Walter Bach), which made this work possible. The third and fourth authors acknowledge support through the Office of Naval Research's Program Element 0601153N. The authors are also grateful for the support of the Office of Naval Research Summer Faculty Research Program during summer of 2010, and for valuable comments from Allen Zhao and John Cook (NRL Monterey) and Q. Xu (University of Oklahoma). We would like to thank the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), the Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft-und Raumfarht (DLR), and the Desert Research Institute (DRI) for allowing the use of their data that made this study possible. The AWS data were gathered as part of the T-REX. We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of the T-REX scientists, forecasters, staff, NCAR staff and flight crews. The primary sponsor of T-REX was the US National Science Foundation. The acquisition of these data was carried out by the Desert Research Institute (DRI) team (PI: Grubisic) funded in part by NSF Grants ATM-0242886 and ATM-0524891 to DRI. Computational resources were supported in part by a grant of HPC time from the Department of Defence Major Shared Resource Centres at Stennis, MS and Wright Patterson Air Force Base, OH. COAMPS (R) is a registered trademark of the Naval Research Laboratory. The authors also appreciate the valuable inputs from the anonymous reviewers. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 144 IS 3 BP 359 EP 378 DI 10.1007/s10546-012-9729-2 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 999MJ UT WOS:000308316700003 ER PT J AU Cohen, SA Sisul, DM Bazzi, WM Stroup, SP Dotai, T Colangelo, C Raheem, OA Mirheydar, HS Palazzi, KL Horgan, S Kane, CJ Derweesh, IH AF Cohen, Seth A. Sisul, David M. Bazzi, Wassim M. Stroup, Sean P. Dotai, Takayuki Colangelo, Caroline Raheem, Omer A. Mirheydar, Hossein S. Palazzi, Kerrin L. Horgan, Santiago Kane, Christopher J. Derweesh, Ithaar H. TI TRANSRECTAL HYBRID NATURAL ORIFICE TRANSLUMINAL ENDOSCOPIC SURGERY (NOTES) NEPHRECTOMY: FEASIBILITY IN HUMAN CADAVER SO JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cohen, Seth A.; Sisul, David M.; Bazzi, Wassim M.; Colangelo, Caroline; Raheem, Omer A.; Mirheydar, Hossein S.; Palazzi, Kerrin L.; Kane, Christopher J.; Derweesh, Ithaar H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Sugery, Div Urol, San Diego, CA USA. [Dotai, Takayuki; Horgan, Santiago] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Surg, Div Minimally Invas Surg, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Stroup, Sean P.] USN, Dept Urol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0892-7790 J9 J ENDOUROL JI J. Endourol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 26 SU 1 BP A483 EP A483 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 001VM UT WOS:000308488205060 ER PT J AU Cohen, SA Sisul, DM Stroup, SP Bazzi, WM Dotai, T Kopp, RP Masterson, JH Gudeman, SR Pusateri, CR Palazzi, K Horgan, S Derweesh, IH AF Cohen, Seth A. Sisul, David M. Stroup, Sean P. Bazzi, Wassim M. Dotai, Takayuki Kopp, Ryan P. Masterson, James H. Gudeman, Suzanne R. Pusateri, Chad R. Palazzi, Kerrin Horgan, Santiago Derweesh, Ithaar H. TI TRANSRECTAL HYBRID NATURAL ORIFICE TRANSLUMINAL ENDOSCOPIC SURGERY (NOTES) PARTIAL NEPHRECTOMY: FEASIBILITY IN THE PORCINE MODEL SO JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cohen, Seth A.; Sisul, David M.; Bazzi, Wassim M.; Kopp, Ryan P.; Palazzi, Kerrin; Derweesh, Ithaar H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Sugery, Div Urol, San Diego, CA USA. [Dotai, Takayuki; Horgan, Santiago] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Surg, Div Minimally Invas Surg, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Stroup, Sean P.; Masterson, James H.; Gudeman, Suzanne R.; Pusateri, Chad R.] USN, Dept Urol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0892-7790 J9 J ENDOUROL JI J. Endourol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 26 SU 1 BP A482 EP A482 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 001VM UT WOS:000308488205057 ER PT J AU Masterson, J Sisul, DM Palazzi, KL Santomauro, M Park, SK Cohen, SA Derweesh, IH Stroup, SP L'esperance, JO AF Masterson, James Sisul, David M. Palazzi, Kerrin L. Santomauro, Michael Park, Samuel K. Cohen, Seth A. Derweesh, Ithaar H. Stroup, Sean P. L'esperance, James O. TI MULTI-INSTITUTION COMPARISON OF RETROPERITONEAL VS. TRANSPERITONEAL ROBOT-ASSISTED LAPAROSCOPIC PARTIAL NEPHRECTOMY SO JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Masterson, James; Santomauro, Michael; Stroup, Sean P.; L'esperance, James O.] USN, Dept Urol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Sisul, David M.; Palazzi, Kerrin L.; Park, Samuel K.; Cohen, Seth A.; Derweesh, Ithaar H.] Univ Calif San Diego Hlth Syst, Div Urol, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0892-7790 J9 J ENDOUROL JI J. Endourol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 26 SU 1 BP A299 EP A299 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 001VM UT WOS:000308488203146 ER PT J AU Masterson, LJH Hari, LSB Sur, RL Auge, BK Crain, DS L'esperance, JO AF Masterson, Lcdr James H. Hari, Lt Sunil B. Sur, Roger L. Auge, Brian K. Crain, Donald S. L'esperance, James O. TI A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF NEPHROLITHIASIS ASSOCIATED MISHAPS IN UNITED STATES NAVAL AVIATION SO JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Masterson, Lcdr James H.; Hari, Lt Sunil B.; Crain, Donald S.; L'esperance, James O.] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Sur, Roger L.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0892-7790 J9 J ENDOUROL JI J. Endourol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 26 SU 1 BP A101 EP A101 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 001VM UT WOS:000308488201192 ER PT J AU Sisul, DM Bazzi, WM Stroup, SP Dotai, T Masterson, J Palazzi, KL Leeflang, E Kane, C Talamini, M Horgan, S Derweesh, IH AF Sisul, David M. Bazzi, Wassim M. Stroup, Sean P. Dotai, Takayuki Masterson, James Palazzi, Kerrin L. Leeflang, Elizabeth Kane, Christopher Talamini, Mark Horgan, Santiago Derweesh, Ithaar H. TI TRANSVAGINAL HYBRID NATURAL ORIFICE TRANSLUMINAL ENDOSCOPIC SURGERY (NOTES) PARTIAL NEPHRECTOMY: FEASIBILITY IN PORCINE MODEL SO JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sisul, David M.; Bazzi, Wassim M.; Dotai, Takayuki; Palazzi, Kerrin L.; Leeflang, Elizabeth; Kane, Christopher; Talamini, Mark; Horgan, Santiago; Derweesh, Ithaar H.] Univ Calif San Diego Hlth Syst, Div Urol, San Diego, CA USA. [Stroup, Sean P.; Masterson, James] USN, Dept Urol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0892-7790 J9 J ENDOUROL JI J. Endourol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 26 SU 1 BP A484 EP A485 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 001VM UT WOS:000308488205064 ER PT J AU Sisul, DM Palazzi, KL Stroup, SP Masterson, J Cohen, SA Santomauro, M Derweesh, IH L'esperance, JO AF Sisul, David M. Palazzi, Kerrin L. Stroup, Sean P. Masterson, James Cohen, Seth A. Santomauro, Michael Derweesh, Ithaar H. L'esperance, James O. TI ROBOTIC VERSUS LAPAROSCOPIC RETROPERITONEAL PARTIAL NEPHRECTOMY: A MULTICENTER OUTCOMES ANALYSIS SO JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sisul, David M.; Palazzi, Kerrin L.; Cohen, Seth A.; Santomauro, Michael; Derweesh, Ithaar H.] Univ Calif San Diego Hlth Syst, Div Urol, San Diego, CA USA. [Stroup, Sean P.; Masterson, James; L'esperance, James O.] USN, Dept Urol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0892-7790 J9 J ENDOUROL JI J. Endourol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 26 SU 1 BP A297 EP A297 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 001VM UT WOS:000308488203141 ER PT J AU Sisul, DM Palazzi, KL Stroup, SP Mehrazin, R Masterson, JH Esperance, JOL Derweesh, IH AF Sisul, David M. Palazzi, Kerrin L. Stroup, Sean P. Mehrazin, Reza Masterson, James H. Esperance, James O. L' Derweesh, Ithaar H. TI ROBOTIC VERSUS LAPAROSCOPIC PARTIAL NEPHRECTOMY: A MULTICENTER OUTCOMES ANALYSIS SO JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sisul, David M.; Palazzi, Kerrin L.; Derweesh, Ithaar H.] Univ Calif San Diego Hlth Syst, Div Urol, San Diego, CA USA. [Stroup, Sean P.; Masterson, James H.; Esperance, James O. L'] USN, Dept Urol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Mehrazin, Reza] Univ Tennessee, Dept Urol, Hlth Sci Ctr, Memphis, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0892-7790 J9 J ENDOUROL JI J. Endourol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 26 SU 1 BP A294 EP A294 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 001VM UT WOS:000308488203134 ER PT J AU Sisul, DM Bazzi, WM Cohen, SA Stroup, SP Dotai, T Kopp, RP Raheem, O Masterson, J Gudeman, S Horgan, S Talamini, M Kane, CJ Derweesh, IH AF Sisul, David M. Bazzi, Wassim M. Cohen, Seth A. Stroup, Sean P. Dotai, Takayuki Kopp, Ryan P. Raheem, Omer Masterson, James Gudeman, Suzanne Horgan, Santiago Talamini, Mark Kane, Christopher J. Derweesh, Ithaar H. TI COMPARISON OF TRANSRECTAL AND TRANSVAGINAL HYBRID NATURAL ORIFICE TRANSLUMINAL ENDOSCOPIC SURGERY (NOTES) PARTIAL NEPHRECTOMY IN THE PORCINE MODEL USING THE SPIDER PLATFORM SO JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sisul, David M.; Bazzi, Wassim M.; Cohen, Seth A.; Dotai, Takayuki; Kopp, Ryan P.; Raheem, Omer; Horgan, Santiago; Talamini, Mark; Kane, Christopher J.; Derweesh, Ithaar H.] Univ Calif San Diego Hlth Syst, Div Urol, San Diego, CA USA. [Stroup, Sean P.; Masterson, James; Gudeman, Suzanne] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0892-7790 J9 J ENDOUROL JI J. Endourol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 26 SU 1 BP A205 EP A206 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 001VM UT WOS:000308488202183 ER PT J AU Sisul, DM Palazzi, KL Stroup, SP Kopp, RP Mehrazin, R Cohen, SE Colangelo, CJ Santomauro, M Masterson, J Park, S L'esperance, JO Derweesh, IH AF Sisul, David M. Palazzi, Kerrin L. Stroup, Sean P. Kopp, Ryan P. Mehrazin, Reza Cohen, Seth E. Colangelo, Caroline J. Santomauro, Michael Masterson, James Park, Sam L'esperance, James O. Derweesh, Ithaar H. TI RENAL NEPHROMETRY SCORE AS A PREDICTOR OF POST-OPERATIVE RENAL FUNCTION AFTER MINIMALLY INVASIVE PARTIAL NEPHRECTOMY SO JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sisul, David M.; Palazzi, Kerrin L.; Kopp, Ryan P.; Cohen, Seth E.; Colangelo, Caroline J.; Park, Sam; Derweesh, Ithaar H.] Univ Calif San Diego Hlth Syst, Div Urol, San Diego, CA USA. [Stroup, Sean P.; Santomauro, Michael; Masterson, James; L'esperance, James O.] USN, Dept Urol, Med Ctr, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Mehrazin, Reza] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Urol, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0892-7790 J9 J ENDOUROL JI J. Endourol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 26 SU 1 BP A115 EP A115 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 001VM UT WOS:000308488201227 ER PT J AU Woo, JR Meegan, JM Smith, CR L'esperance, J Hendrikson, D Sisul, D Sur, RL AF Woo, Jason R. Meegan, Jenny M. Smith, Cynthia R. L'esperance, James Hendrikson, Dean Sisul, David Sur, Roger L. TI LAPAROSCOPIC URETEROLITHOTOMY IN A BOTTLENOSE DOLPHIN (TURSIOPS TRUNCATUS) SO JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Woo, Jason R.; Sisul, David; Sur, Roger L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Surg, Div Urol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Meegan, Jenny M.; Smith, Cynthia R.] Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA USA. [L'esperance, James] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Hendrikson, Dean] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0892-7790 J9 J ENDOUROL JI J. Endourol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 26 SU 1 BP A496 EP A497 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 001VM UT WOS:000308488205103 ER PT J AU Barna, M Wilson, K Chiaruttini, R Muchowski, K AF Barna, Michael Wilson, Kevin Chiaruttini, Robert Muchowski, Karen TI Diagnostic puzzler: Hypertension in teen SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Article ID CUSHINGS-SYNDROME; DISEASE C1 [Barna, Michael; Wilson, Kevin; Chiaruttini, Robert; Muchowski, Karen] USN Hosp, Dept Family Med, Camp Pendleton, CA USA. RP Barna, M (reprint author), USN Hosp, Dept Family Med, Camp Pendleton, CA USA. EM Michael.barna@med.navy.mil NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DOWDEN HEALTH MEDIA PI MONTVALE PA 110 SUMMIT AVE, MONTVALE, NJ 07645-1712 USA SN 0094-3509 J9 J FAM PRACTICE JI J. Fam. Pract. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 61 IS 9 BP 536 EP 539 PG 4 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 004NI UT WOS:000308688000008 PM 23000661 ER PT J AU McDonald, LS Shupe, PG Hammel, N Kroonen, LT AF McDonald, Lucas S. Shupe, Paul G. Hammel, Nathan Kroonen, Leo T. TI The Intermetacarpal Angle Screening Test for Ulnar-sided Carpometacarpal Fracture-Dislocations SO JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article DE Carpometacarpal dislocation; carpometacarpal fracture-dislocation; clenched fist injury; metacarpal fracture ID METACARPAL; JOINT; INJURIES; BASE AB Purpose Ulnar-sided carpometacarpal injuries can be difficult to diagnose radiographically. We hypothesized that the resting position of the normal hand during lateral radiography provides a consistent relationship between the rays and that dorsal subluxation of the metacarpal base in fracture-dislocations increases the angle between the uninjured index and long metacarpals and the injured small metacarpal. Methods A control group of 100 consecutive patients with normal hand radiographs and a series of 12 patients with known carpometacarpal fracture-dislocations were examined. Angles between the index and small metacarpal shaft (I-S IMA) and between the long and small metacarpal shaft (L-S IMA) were measured on the lateral hand radiograph. Results In the control group, the mean I-S IMA and L-S IMA were both 6 degrees. In the study group, the mean I-S IMA was 18 degrees, and the mean L-S IMA was 16 degrees. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability was good to excellent for both groups, and a statistical difference existed between the normal and study groups. Based on box-plot analysis of normal and abnormal IMAs, a natural dividing line existed at 10 degrees. With this dividing line, the 1-S IMA had a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 81%, and the L-S IMA had a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 84%. Conclusions Both the I-S IMA and the L-S IMA were useful screening measurements on lateral hand radiographs for detection of ulnar-sided carpometacarpal fracture-dislocations. When evaluating posttraumatic ulnar-sided hand pain, advanced imaging should be considered if the I-S IMA or the L-S IMA is greater than 10 degrees. (J Hand Surg 2012;37A:1839-1844. Copyright (C) 2012 by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand. All rights reserved.) C1 [McDonald, Lucas S.; Shupe, Paul G.; Hammel, Nathan; Kroonen, Leo T.] USN, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP McDonald, LS (reprint author), USN, Dept Orthopaed, Med Ctr, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 112, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM lucas.mcdonald@med.navy.mil NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0363-5023 J9 J HAND SURG-AM JI J. Hand Surg.-Am. Vol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 37A IS 9 BP 1839 EP 1844 DI 10.1016/j.jhsa.2012.05.042 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 002CV UT WOS:000308509500012 PM 22854252 ER PT J AU Garcia-Nava, H Ocampo-Torres, FJ Hwang, PA AF Garcia-Nava, Hector Ocampo-Torres, Francisco J. Hwang, Paul A. TI On the parameterization of the drag coefficient in mixed seas SO SCIENTIA MARINA LA English DT Article DE drag coefficient; sea state; swell; mixed seas ID WIND STRESS; SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; MOMENTUM FLUX; OPEN-OCEAN; HEAT-FLUX; WAVES; DEPENDENCE; SPECTRA AB An analysis of the performance of parameterizations for the drag coefficient CD over the ocean is presented. The results were obtained by considering detailed observations from the recent IntOA experiment in which a co-existence of wind sea and swell provides characteristic mixed sea conditions in a wide range of wind speeds. Recent research has advanced our understanding of air-sea fluxes, proposing new functional forms for the drag coefficient, as well as applying wavelength scaling and determining dimensionally consistent expressions for the drag coefficient. Nevertheless, a detailed analysis of the influence of wind sea parameters confirms the need to include the sea state dependence on parameterizing CD for mixed sea conditions. It is also shown that better results are obtained when aerodynamic roughness is considered as a function of wave age and wave steepness, or equivalently if CD is expressed as a function of a characteristic peak frequency defined through the wave momentum spectrum. C1 [Garcia-Nava, Hector] Univ Autonoma Baja California, Inst Invest Oceanol, Baja 22860, California, Mexico. [Ocampo-Torres, Francisco J.] Ctr Invest Cient & Educ Super Ensenada, Dept Oceanog Fis, Baja, California, Mexico. [Hwang, Paul A.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Garcia-Nava, H (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Baja California, Inst Invest Oceanol, Km 103,Carretera Tijuana Ensenada, Baja 22860, California, Mexico. EM ocampo@cicese.mx OI Garcia Nava, Hector/0000-0002-8077-4676 FU CONACYT [REDESClim, CONACYT 62520, CONACYT-SEP 85108, SEP-2003-C02-44718]; Office of Naval Research (Naval Research Laboratory Program Element) [61153N]; DOF/CICESE FX Suggestions and comments from two anonymous reviewers enriched this work. We gratefully acknowledge support by CONACYT (projects: REDESClim, CONACYT 62520, CONACYT-SEP 85108, and SEP-2003-C02-44718) and the Office of Naval Research (Naval Research Laboratory Program Element 61153N). HGN gratefully acknowledge financial support from DOF/CICESE. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU INST CIENCIAS MAR BARCELONA PI BARCELONA PA PG MARITIM DE LA BARCELONETA, 37-49, 08003 BARCELONA, SPAIN SN 0214-8358 EI 1886-8134 J9 SCI MAR JI Sci. Mar. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 76 SU 1 BP 177 EP 186 DI 10.3989/scimar.03615.19F PG 10 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 004HY UT WOS:000308673500013 ER PT J AU Chavez, DE Parrish, DA Leonard, P AF Chavez, David E. Parrish, Damon A. Leonard, Philip TI The Synthesis and Characterization of a New Furazan Heterocyclic System SO SYNLETT LA English DT Article DE furazan; heterocycle; macrocycle; explosive; azo ID MACROCYCLIC SYSTEMS; X-RAY; AMINOFURAZANS; DERIVATIVES; OXIDATION; SERIES; AGENTS AB A new furazan macrocycle, hexakis[1,2,5]oxadiazole[3,4-c:3',4'-e;3 '',4 ''-g:3'",4'"-k:3 '''',4 ''''-m:3 ''''',4 '''''-o][[1,2,9,10]-tetraazacyclohexadecine was synthesized by oxidation of diamino trifurazan with trichloroisocyanuric acid. A macrocyclic product is formed under the reaction conditions. The product displays interesting structural properties within the trifurazan segments of the molecule, where the central rings are rotated nearly 90 degrees out of plane from the outer rings. The macrocycle has also been shown to be a sensitive explosive with sensitivity and power similar to the explosive pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN). The chemical and explosive properties of this new macrocycle are described in this letter. C1 [Chavez, David E.; Leonard, Philip] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Weap Expt Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Parrish, Damon A.] USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chavez, DE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Weap Expt Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dechavez@lanl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-AF-0-0002] FX The authors would like to thank the Joint Munitions Program for the funding to perform this work. We would also like to thank the Los Alamos National Laboratory Analytical team (Anna Giambra, Daniel Preston, Mary Sandstrom, Jose Archuleta) for performing the sensitivity characterization and testing. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security (LANS, LLC) under contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 for the U.S. Department of Energy. The authors also thank the Office of Naval Research (Award No. N00014-11-AF-0-0002). NR 30 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 14 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0936-5214 EI 1437-2096 J9 SYNLETT JI Synlett PD SEP PY 2012 IS 14 BP 2126 EP 2128 DI 10.1055/s-0032-1316704 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 998GH UT WOS:000308225000021 ER EF