FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Vaccaro, RJ Zaki, AS AF Vaccaro, Richard J. Zaki, Ahmed S. TI Statistical Modeling of Rate Gyros SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT LA English DT Article DE Allan variance; best linear unbiased estimator; gyroscopes; inertial measurement units AB Gyroscopes are integral components of inertial measurement units, which are used for guidance and stabilization of many platforms. This paper presents an algorithm for estimating the statistical parameters that govern the performance of rate gyros, i.e., the spectral densities R and Q of the angle random walk and rate random walk components, respectively. Previous work on gyro modeling is based on computing the Allan variance of a gyro signal and using a well-known formula for its mean. The algorithm in this paper uses these as well as the following quantities, which are derived in this paper: the theoretical variance of the Allan variance and the covariance between different Allan variance points. The algorithm is developed using the formulation of the best linear unbiased estimator from statistical estimation theory. The performance of the algorithm is demonstrated using simulated and experimental data. A bound on the error in the integral of the gyro output, as a function of Q and R, is also derived. C1 [Vaccaro, Richard J.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Elect Comp & Biomed Engn, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Zaki, Ahmed S.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02840 USA. RP Vaccaro, RJ (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Elect Comp & Biomed Engn, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. EM vaccaro@ele.uri.edu; ahmed.zaki@navy.mil NR 9 TC 24 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9456 EI 1557-9662 J9 IEEE T INSTRUM MEAS JI IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 61 IS 3 BP 673 EP 684 DI 10.1109/TIM.2011.2171609 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 891WX UT WOS:000300248600012 ER PT J AU Nipoti, R Nath, A Qadri, SB Tian, YL Albonetti, C Carnera, A Rao, MV AF Nipoti, R. Nath, A. Qadri, S. B. Tian, Y-L. Albonetti, C. Carnera, A. Rao, Mulpuri V. TI High-Dose Phosphorus-Implanted 4H-SiC: Microwave and Conventional Post-Implantation Annealing at Temperatures >= 1700 degrees C SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Silicon carbide; ion implantation; doping; post-implantation annealing; electrical characterization ID ELECTRON HALL-MOBILITY; ION-IMPLANTATION; SILICON-CARBIDE; QUALITY; 4H; SIMULATION; ANISOTROPY; CAP; 6H AB Semi-insulating 4H-SiC aY0001aY (c) wafers have been phosphorus ion implanted at 500A degrees C to obtain phosphorus box depth profiles with dopant concentration from 5 x 10(19) cm(-3) to 8 x 10(20) cm(-3). These samples have been annealed by microwave and conventional inductively heated systems in the temperature range 1700A degrees C to 2050A degrees C. Resistivity, Hall electron density, and Hall mobility of the phosphorus-implanted and annealed 4H-SiC layers have been measured in the temperature range from room temperature to 450A degrees C. The high-resolution x-ray diffraction and rocking curve of both virgin and processed 4H-SiC samples have been analyzed to obtain the sample crystal quality up to about 3 mu m depth from the wafer surface. For both increasing implanted phosphorus concentration and increasing post-implantation annealing temperature the implanted material resistivity decreases to an asymptotic value of about 1.5 x 10(-3) Omega cm. Increasing the implanted phosphorus concentration and post-implantation annealing temperature beyond 4 x 10(20) cm(-3) and 2000A degrees C, respectively, does not bring any apparent benefit with respect to the minimum obtainable resistivity. Sheet resistance and sheet electron density increase with increasing measurement temperature. Electron density saturates at 1.5 x 10(20) cm(-3) for implanted phosphorus plateau values a parts per thousand yen4 x 10(20) cm(-3), irrespective of the post-implantation annealing method. Implantation produces an increase of the lattice parameter in the bulk 4H-SiC underneath the phosphorus-implanted layer. Microwave and conventional annealing produce a further increase of the lattice parameter in such a depth region and an equivalent recovered lattice in the phosphorus-implanted layers. C1 [Nipoti, R.] CNR IMM Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Nath, A.; Rao, Mulpuri V.] George Mason Univ, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Qadri, S. B.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Tian, Y-L.] LT Technol, Fairfax, VA 22033 USA. [Albonetti, C.] Ist Studio Mat Nanostrutturati, Consiglio Nazl Ricerche, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Carnera, A.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis Galileo Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. RP Nipoti, R (reprint author), CNR IMM Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. EM nipoti@bo.imm.cnr.it RI Albonetti, Cristiano/H-9943-2014; Nipoti, Roberta/N-6162-2014 OI Albonetti, Cristiano/0000-0002-5665-0788; Nipoti, Roberta/0000-0002-8019-9149 FU Army Research Office (ARO) [W911NF-09-1-0407]; DARPA through U.S. Naval Research Laboratory [N0017310-2-C006] FX This material is based on work supported by the Army Research Office (ARO under Contract #W911NF-09-1-0407) and also by DARPA through U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Contract #N0017310-2-C006. The clean rooms, ion beam, and electronic departments of CNR-IMM Bologna are acknowledged for sample processing. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 41 IS 3 BP 457 EP 465 DI 10.1007/s11664-011-1794-7 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 887LY UT WOS:000299930100005 ER PT J AU Looney, R AF Looney, Robert TI The Quest: Energy, Security, and the Remaking of the Modern World SO MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Looney, Robert] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Looney, R (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIDDLE EAST INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1761 N ST NW, CIRCULATION DEPT, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2882 USA SN 0026-3141 J9 MIDDLE EAST J JI Middle East J. PD SPR PY 2012 VL 66 IS 2 BP 381 EP 382 PG 2 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA V31XL UT WOS:000208916200021 ER PT J AU Sandlin, AT Magann, EF Ounpraseuth, ST Dahlke, JD Igwe, E Chang, E Abuhamad, AZ Chauhan, SP AF Sandlin, Adam T. Magann, Everett F. Ounpraseuth, Songthip T. Dahlke, Josh D. Igwe, Elena Chang, Eugene Abuhamad, Alfred Z. Chauhan, Suneet P. TI Signifi cant Variability in Antenatal Detection of Small-for-Gestational Age Neonates among Tertiary Centers SO REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sandlin, Adam T.; Magann, Everett F.; Ounpraseuth, Songthip T.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Dahlke, Josh D.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Igwe, Elena] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Chang, Eugene] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Abuhamad, Alfred Z.; Chauhan, Suneet P.] Eastern Virginia Med Sch, Norfolk, VA 23501 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1933-7191 EI 1933-7205 J9 REPROD SCI JI Reprod. Sci. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 19 IS S3 SU 3 BP 371A EP 371A PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 287LP UT WOS:000329543603243 ER PT J AU Mace, NA AF Mace, Nancy A. TI Amelia SO SCRIBLERIAN AND THE KIT-CATS LA English DT Book Review C1 [Mace, Nancy A.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Mace, NA (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK UNIV PI NEW YORK PA C/O PROF MARILYN GAULL, DEPT ENGLISH, NEW YORK, NY 10003-4556 USA SN 0036-9640 J9 SCRIBLERIAN KIT-CATS JI Scriblerian Kit-Cats PD SPR-FAL PY 2012 VL 44-45 BP 70 EP 71 PG 2 WC Literature, British Isles SC Literature GA 082HY UT WOS:000314384100013 ER PT J AU Hysell, DL Varney, RH Vlasov, MN Nossa, E Watkins, B Pedersen, T Huba, JD AF Hysell, D. L. Varney, R. H. Vlasov, M. N. Nossa, E. Watkins, B. Pedersen, T. Huba, J. D. TI Estimating the electron energy distribution during ionospheric modification from spectrographic airglow measurements SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PUMP ENHANCED AIRGLOW; GROSS EARTH DATA; SUPRATHERMAL ELECTRONS; HEATING EXPERIMENTS; MAGNETIC ZENITH; F-REGION; LANGMUIR TURBULENCE; THERMAL-ELECTRONS; CROSS-SECTIONS; HF AB The electron energy distribution during an F region ionospheric modification experiment at the HAARP facility near Gakona, Alaska, is inferred from spectrographic airglow emission data. Emission lines at 630.0, 557.7, and 844.6 nm are considered along with the absence of detectable emissions at 427.8 nm. Estimating the electron energy distribution function from the airglow data is a problem in classical linear inverse theory. We describe an augmented version of the method of Backus and Gilbert which we use to invert the data. The method optimizes the model resolution, the precision of the mapping between the actual electron energy distribution and its estimate. Here, the method has also been augmented so as to limit the model prediction error. Model estimates of the suprathermal electron energy distribution versus energy and altitude are incorporated in the inverse problem formulation as representer functions. Our methodology indicates a heater-induced electron energy distribution with a broad peak near 5 eV that decreases approximately exponentially by 30 dB between 5-50 eV. C1 [Hysell, D. L.; Varney, R. H.; Vlasov, M. N.; Nossa, E.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Watkins, B.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Pedersen, T.] USAF, Space Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Huba, J. D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hysell, DL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. OI Varney, Roger/0000-0002-5976-2638 FU DARPA [HR0011-09-C-0099]; Office of Naval Research; Air Force Research Laboratory [N00014-07-1-1079]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) FX This project was supported by DARPA through contract HR0011-09-C-0099. Additional support came from the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) and from the Office of Naval Research and the Air Force Research Laboratory under grant N00014-07-1-1079 to Cornell. Work at AFRL was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB 29 PY 2012 VL 117 AR A02317 DI 10.1029/2011JA017187 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 903RE UT WOS:000301135600001 ER PT J AU Mackey, M Schuele, DE Zhu, L Flandin, L Wolak, MA Shirk, JS Hiltner, A Baer, E AF Mackey, Matthew Schuele, Donald E. Zhu, Lei Flandin, Lionel Wolak, Mason A. Shirk, James S. Hiltner, Anne Baer, Eric TI Reduction of Dielectric Hysteresis in Multi layered Films via Nanoconfinement SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL ENERGY DENSITY; FERROELECTRIC POLYMERS; POLY(VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE); CONFINED CRYSTALLIZATION; POLYVINYLIDENE FLUORIDE; NANOCOMPOSITES; OXIDE; STRENGTH; FIELD; PVDF AB Micro/nanolayer coextrusion was used to fabricate polycarbonate (PC)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) layered films with significantly reduced dielectric losses while maintaining high energy density. The high-field polarization hysteresis was characterized for layered films as a function of PVDF layer thickness (6000 to 10 nm) and composition (10 to 70 vol % PVDF), and was found to decrease with decreasing layer thickness and PVDF content. To gain a mechanistic understanding of the layer thickness (or nanoconfinement) effect, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, polarized Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and broadband dielectric spectroscopy were employed. The results revealed that charge migration, instead of dipole flipping, was responsible for the hysteresis in multilayered films. The absence of PVDF dipole-flipping was attributed to the nonuniform electric field distribution in the layered structure, where the field in PVDF layers were calculated to be significantly lower than that in PC layers due to large contrast in dielectric constant (similar to 3 for PC versus similar to 12 for PVDF). The charges were likely to be impurity ions in the form of catalyst residue or surfactants from suspension polymerization. The characteristics of the dielectric spectroscopy relaxation indicated that ions mostly existed in the PVDF layers, and PC/PVDF interfaces prevented them from entering adjacent layers. Therefore, as the layer thickness decreases to nanometer scales, the amount of ion movement, dielectric loss, and hysteresis were decreased. This study provides clear evidence of the nanoconfinement effect in multilayered films, which advantageously decreases the hysteresis loss. C1 [Mackey, Matthew; Schuele, Donald E.; Zhu, Lei; Hiltner, Anne; Baer, Eric] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Macromol Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Flandin, Lionel] Univ Savoie, LEPMI, CNRS, UMR 5279, F-73376 Le Bourget Du Lac, France. [Wolak, Mason A.; Shirk, James S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zhu, L (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Macromol Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM lxz121@case.edu; exb6@case.edu RI Zhu, Lei/C-8754-2013 OI Zhu, Lei/0000-0001-6570-9123 FU National Science Foundation through the Center for Layered Polymeric Systems (CLiPS) Science and Technology Center [DMR-0423914]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-10-1-0349] FX This research was generously supported by the National Science Foundation through the Center for Layered Polymeric Systems (CLiPS) Science and Technology Center (DMR-0423914) and the Office of Naval Research (N00014-10-1-0349). Jung-Kai Tseng is acknowledged for carrying out the polarized FTIR experiments. NR 52 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 6 U2 72 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 EI 1520-5835 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD FEB 28 PY 2012 VL 45 IS 4 BP 1954 EP 1962 DI 10.1021/ma202267r PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 898QN UT WOS:000300757000025 ER PT J AU Yang, R Huang, L Lai, YC Pecora, LM AF Yang, Rui Huang, Liang Lai, Ying-Cheng Pecora, Louis M. TI Modulating quantum transport by transient chaos SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE chaos; electrical conductivity; nanostructured materials; quantum dots ID CONDUCTANCE FLUCTUATIONS; SYSTEMS; EIGENFUNCTIONS; ORBITS; SCARS AB We propose a scheme to modulate quantum transport in nanostructures based on classical chaos. By applying external gate voltage to generate a classically forbidden region, transient chaos can be generated, and the escape rate associated with the underlying non-attracting chaotic set can be varied continuously by adjusting the gate voltage. We demonstrate that this can effectively modulate the quantum conductance-fluctuation patterns. A theory based on self-energies and the spectrum of the generalized non-Hermitian Hamiltonian of the open quantum system is developed to understand the modulation mechanism. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3690046] C1 [Yang, Rui; Huang, Liang; Lai, Ying-Cheng] Arizona State Univ, Sch Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Huang, Liang] Lanzhou Univ, Inst Computat Phys & Complex Syst, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Lai, Ying-Cheng] Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Pecora, Louis M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Huang, L (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM huangl@lzu.edu.cn RI Huang, Liang/A-1671-2009 FU AFOSR [FA9550-09-1-0260]; ONR [N00014-08-1-0627]; NSFC [11005053] FX This work was supported by AFOSR under Grant No. FA9550-09-1-0260 and by ONR under Grant No. N00014-08-1-0627. L. H. was also supported by NSFC under Grant No. 11005053. NR 18 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 27 PY 2012 VL 100 IS 9 AR 093105 DI 10.1063/1.3690046 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 908QI UT WOS:000301504800052 ER PT J AU Chattopadhyay, S Tchesnokova, V McVeigh, A Kisiela, DI Dori, K Navarro, A Sokurenko, EV Savarino, SJ AF Chattopadhyay, Sujay Tchesnokova, Veronika McVeigh, Annette Kisiela, Dagmara I. Dori, Kathleen Navarro, Armando Sokurenko, Evgeni V. Savarino, Stephen J. TI Adaptive Evolution of Class 5 Fimbrial Genes in Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Its Functional Consequences SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FACTOR ANTIGEN-I; COLONIZATION FACTOR; FIMH ADHESIN; BINDING SPECIFICITIES; BACTERIAL ADHESION; CFA/I FIMBRIAE; MUTATIONS; DIARRHEA; DIVERSITY; SELECTION AB Class 5 fimbriae of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) comprise eight serologically discrete colonization factors that mediate small intestinal adhesion. Their differentiation has been attributed to the pressure imposed by host adaptive immunity. We sequenced the major pilin and minor adhesin subunit genes of a geographically diverse population of ETEC elaborating CFA/I (n = 31), CS17 (n = 20), and CS2 (n = 18) and elucidated the functional effect of microevolutionary processes. Between the fimbrial types, the pairwise nucleotide diversity for the pilin or adhesin genes ranged from 35-43%. Within each fimbrial type, there were 17 non-synonymous and 1 synonymous point mutations among all pilin or adhesin gene copies, implying that each fimbrial type was acquired by ETEC strains very recently, consistent with a recent origin of this E. coli pathotype. The 17 non-synonymous allelic differences occurred in the CFA/I pilin gene cfaB (two changes) and adhesin gene cfaE (three changes), and CS17 adhesin gene csbD (12 changes). All but one amino acid change in the adhesins clustered around the predicted ligand-binding pocket. Functionally, these changes conferred an increase in cell adhesion in a flow chamber assay. In contrast, the two mutations in the non-adhesive CfaB subunit localized to the intersubunit interface and significantly reduced fimbrial adhesion in this assay. In conclusion, naturally occurring mutations in the ETEC adhesive and non-adhesive subunits altered function, were acquired under positive selection, and are predicted to impact bacteria-host interactions. C1 [Chattopadhyay, Sujay; Tchesnokova, Veronika; Kisiela, Dagmara I.; Sokurenko, Evgeni V.] Univ Washington, Dept Microbiol, Sch Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [McVeigh, Annette; Dori, Kathleen; Savarino, Stephen J.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Navarro, Armando] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med, Dept Salud Publ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Savarino, Stephen J.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Sokurenko, EV (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Microbiol, Sch Med, Room E309,Hlth Sci Bldg,Campus Box 357242, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM evs@u.washington.edu; stephen.savarino@med.navy.mil FU U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Award [6000 RAD1 DA2 A0307]; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine [G1876KI] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Award 6000 RAD1 DA2 A0307 (to S. J. S.) and the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Grant G1876KI (to S. J. S.). NR 49 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 24 PY 2012 VL 287 IS 9 BP 6150 EP 6158 DI 10.1074/jbc.M111.303735 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 899CQ UT WOS:000300791800008 PM 22215679 ER PT J AU Richie, TL Haberberger, RL AF Richie, Thomas L. Haberberger, Richard L. TI RTS,S/AS01 Malaria Vaccine in African Children SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Richie, Thomas L.] US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Haberberger, Richard L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Richie, TL (reprint author), US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM thomas.richie@med.navy.mil NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD FEB 23 PY 2012 VL 366 IS 8 BP 765 EP 765 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 896FS UT WOS:000300551500019 PM 22356335 ER PT J AU David, HN Haelewyn, B Degoulet, M Colomb, DG Risso, JJ Abraini, JH AF David, Helene N. Haelewyn, Benoit Degoulet, Mickael Colomb, Denis G., Jr. Risso, Jean-Jacques Abraini, Jacques H. TI Ex Vivo and In Vivo Neuroprotection Induced by Argon When Given after an Excitotoxic or Ischemic Insult SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TRANSIENT CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; NITROUS-OXIDE; NOBLE-GASES; FOREBRAIN ISCHEMIA; ARTERY OCCLUSION; BRAIN-INJURY; XENON; RAT; STROKE; ISOFLURANE AB In vitro studies have well established the neuroprotective action of the noble gas argon. However, only limited data from in vivo models are available, and particularly whether postexcitotoxic or postischemic argon can provide neuroprotection in vivo still remains to be demonstrated. Here, we investigated the possible neuroprotective effect of postexcitotoxic-postischemic argon both ex vivo in acute brain slices subjected to ischemia in the form of oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD), and in vivo in rats subjected to an intrastriatal injection of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) or to the occlusion of middle-cerebral artery (MCAO). We show that postexcitotoxic-postischemic argon reduces OGD-induced cell injury in brain slices, and further reduces NMDA-induced brain damage and MCAO-induced cortical brain damage in rats. Contrasting with its beneficial effect at the cortical level, we show that postischemic argon increases MCAO-induced subcortical brain damage and provides no improvement of neurologic outcome as compared to control animals. These results extend previous data on the neuroprotective action of argon. Particularly, taken together with previous in vivo data that have shown that intraischemic argon has neuroprotective action at both the cortical and subcortical level, our findings on postischemic argon suggest that this noble gas could be administered during but not after ischemia, i.e. before but not after reperfusion has occurred, in order to provide cortical neuroprotection and to avoid increasing subcortical brain damage. Also, the effects of argon are discussed as regards to the oxygen-like chemical, pharmacological, and physical properties of argon. C1 [David, Helene N.; Abraini, Jacques H.] Univ Laval, Ctr Rech, Ctr Hosp Affilie Univ Hotel Dieu Levis, Levis, PQ, Canada. [Haelewyn, Benoit] Univ Caen Basse Normandie, CURB, Caen, France. [Haelewyn, Benoit; Degoulet, Mickael; Abraini, Jacques H.] Univ Caen Basse Normandie, UMR 6232, Caen, France. [Haelewyn, Benoit; Degoulet, Mickael; Abraini, Jacques H.] CNRS, UMR 6232, Caen, France. [Colomb, Denis G., Jr.] USN, Expt Diving Unit, Panama City, FL USA. [Risso, Jean-Jacques] Inst Rech Biomed Armees, Antenne Toulon, France. [Abraini, Jacques H.] Univ Laval, Ctr Rech, Inst Univ Sante Mentale Quebec, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. RP David, HN (reprint author), Univ Laval, Ctr Rech, Ctr Hosp Affilie Univ Hotel Dieu Levis, Levis, PQ, Canada. EM jh.abraini@gmail.com FU Direction Generale de l'Armement of the French Ministry of Defence; NNOXe Pharmaceuticals (Quebec City, QC, Canada) FX This work was supported by the Direction Generale de l'Armement of the French Ministry of Defence and NNOXe Pharmaceuticals (Quebec City, QC, Canada). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. No additional external funding was received for this study. NR 46 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 22 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 AR e30934 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0030934 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 926ZZ UT WOS:000302875500006 PM 22383981 ER PT J AU Hoang, K Janotti, A van de Walle, CG AF Hoang, Khang Janotti, Anderson van de Walle, Chris G. TI Mechanisms for the decomposition and dehydrogenation of Li amide/imide SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN STORAGE PROPERTIES; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; N-H SYSTEM; LITHIUM AMIDE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; REACTION PATHWAY; METAL-HYDRIDES; H-2 STORAGE; BASIS-SET AB Reversible reaction involving Li amide (LiNH2) and Li imide (Li2NH) is a potential mechanism for hydrogen storage. Recent synchrotron x-ray diffraction experiments [W. I. David et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129, 1594 (2007)] suggest that the transformation between LiNH2 and Li2NH is a bulk reaction that occurs through nonstoichiometric processes and involves the migration of Li+ and H+ ions. In order to understand the atomistic mechanisms behind these processes, we carry out comprehensive first-principles studies of native point defects and defect complexes in the two compounds. We find that both LiNH2 and Li2NH are prone to Frenkel disorder on the Li sublattice. Lithium interstitials and vacancies have low formation energies and are highly mobile, and therefore play an important role in mass transport and ionic conduction. Hydrogen interstitials and vacancies, on the other hand, are responsible for forming and breaking N-H bonds, which is essential in the Li amide/imide reaction. Based on the structure, energetics, and migration of hydrogen-, lithium-, and nitrogen-related defects, we propose that LiNH2 decomposes into Li2NH and NH3 according to two competing mechanisms with different activation energies: one mechanism involves the formation of native defects in the interior of thematerial, the other at the surface. As a result, the prevailing mechanism and hence the effective activation energy for decomposition depend on the surface-to-volume ratio or the specific surface area, which changes with particle size during ball milling. These mechanisms also provide an explanation for the dehydrogenation of LiNH2 + LiH mixtures. C1 [Hoang, Khang; Janotti, Anderson; van de Walle, Chris G.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Hoang, K (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM hoang@dave.nrl.navy.mil; vandewalle@mrl.ucsb.edu RI Hoang, Khang/C-2879-2008; Van de Walle, Chris/A-6623-2012; Janotti, Anderson/F-1773-2011 OI Hoang, Khang/0000-0003-1889-0745; Van de Walle, Chris/0000-0002-4212-5990; Janotti, Anderson/0000-0001-5028-8338 FU General Motors Corporation; US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER46434]; NSF [CHE-0321368, DMR070072N]; DOE Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX K.H. was supported by General Motors Corporation, and A.J. by the US Department of Energy (Grant No. DE-FG02-07ER46434). We acknowledge the use of the CNSI Computing Facility under NSF Grant No. CHE-0321368, NERSC resources supported by the DOE Office of Science under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and the Ranger supercomputer from the TeraGrid computing resources supported by the NSF under Grant No. DMR070072N. NR 54 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 31 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 22 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 6 AR 064115 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.064115 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 896KV UT WOS:000300565700001 ER PT J AU Banerjee, R Ghosh, D Padmanaban, E Ramaswamy, R Pecora, LM Dana, SK AF Banerjee, Ranjib Ghosh, Dibakar Padmanaban, E. Ramaswamy, R. Pecora, L. M. Dana, Syamal K. TI Enhancing synchrony in chaotic oscillators by dynamic relaying SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID LAG SYNCHRONIZATION; PHASE SYNCHRONIZATION; SYSTEMS; LASERS AB In a chain of mutually coupled oscillators, the coupling threshold for synchronization between the outermost identical oscillators decreases when a type of impurity (in terms of parameter mismatch) is introduced in the inner oscillator(s). The outer oscillators interact indirectly via dynamic relaying, mediated by the inner oscillator(s). We confirm this enhancing of critical coupling in the chaotic regimes of the Lorenz system, in the Rossler system in the absence of coupling delay, and in the Mackey-Glass system with delay coupling. The enhancing effect is experimentally verified in the electronic circuit of Rossler oscillators. C1 [Banerjee, Ranjib] Gargi Mem Inst Technol, Dept Math, Kolkata, India. [Ghosh, Dibakar] Dinabandhu Andrews Coll, Dept Math, Kolkata 700084, India. [Banerjee, Ranjib; Padmanaban, E.; Dana, Syamal K.] Indian Inst Chem Biol, CSIR, Kolkata 700032, India. [Ramaswamy, R.] Univ Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Pecora, L. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Banerjee, R (reprint author), Gargi Mem Inst Technol, Dept Math, Kolkata, India. OI Ramaswamy, Ramakrishna/0000-0002-9085-8224 FU BRNS/DAE, India [2009/34/26/BRNS]; US Naval Research Laboratory FX This work is partially supported by the BRNS/DAE, India (Project No. 2009/34/26/BRNS). L. M. P. is supported by the US Naval Research Laboratory. NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB 21 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 2 AR 027201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.85.027201 PN 2 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 896NJ UT WOS:000300573900011 PM 22463360 ER PT J AU Abramowski, A Acero, F Aharonian, F Akhperjanian, AG Anton, G Balzer, A Barnacka, A de Almeida, UB Becherini, Y Becker, J Behera, B Bernlohr, K Birsin, E Biteau, J Bochow, A Boisson, C Bolmont, J Bordas, P Brucker, J Brun, F Brun, P Bulik, T Busching, I Carrigan, S Casanova, S Cerruti, M Chadwick, PM Charbonnier, A Chaves, RCG Cheesebrough, A Clapson, AC Coignet, G Cologna, G Conrad, J Dalton, M Daniel, MK Davids, ID Degrange, B Deil, C Dickinson, HJ Djannati-Atai, A Domainko, W Drury, LO Dubus, G Dutson, K Dyks, J Dyrda, M Egberts, K Eger, P Espigat, P Fallon, L Farnier, C Fegan, S Feinstein, F Fernandes, MV Fiasson, A Fontaine, G Forster, A Fussling, M Gallant, YA Gast, H Gerard, L Gerbig, D Giebels, B Glicenstein, JF Gluck, B Goret, P Goring, D Haffner, S Hague, JD Hampf, D Hauser, M Heinz, S Heinzelmann, G Henri, G Hermann, G Hinton, JA Hoffmann, A Hofmann, W Hofverberg, P Holler, M Horns, D Jacholkowska, A de Jager, OC Jahn, C Jamrozy, M Jung, I Kastendieck, MA Katarzynski, K Katz, U Kaufmann, S Keogh, D Khangulyan, D Khelifi, B Klochkov, D Kluzniak, W Kneiske, T Komin, N Kosack, K Kossakowski, R Laffon, H Lamanna, G Lennarz, D Lohse, T Lopatin, A Lu, CC Marandon, V Marcowith, A Masbou, J Maurin, D Maxted, N Mayer, M McComb, TJL Medina, MC Mehault, J Moderski, R Moulin, E Naumann, CL Naumann-Godo, M de Naurois, M Nedbal, D Nekrassov, D Nguyen, N Nicholas, B Niemiec, J Nolan, SJ Ohm, S Wilhelmi, ED Opitz, B Ostrowski, M Oya, I Panter, M Arribas, MP Pedaletti, G Pelletier, G Petrucci, PO Pita, S Puhlhofer, G Punch, M Quirrenbach, A Raue, M Rayner, SM Reimer, A Reimer, O Renaud, M de los Reyes, R Rieger, F Ripken, J Rob, L Rosier-Lees, S Rowell, G Rudak, B Rulten, CB Ruppel, J Sahakian, V Sanchez, DA Santangelo, A Schlickeiser, R Schock, FM Schulz, A Schwanke, U Schwarzburg, S Schwemmer, S Sheidaei, F Skilton, JL Sol, H Spengler, G Stawarz, L Steenkamp, R Stegmann, C Stinzing, F Stycz, K Sushch, I Szostek, A Tavernet, JP Terrier, R Tluczykont, M Valerius, K van Eldik, C Vasileiadis, G Venter, C Vialle, JP Viana, A Vincent, P Volk, HJ Volpe, F Vorobiov, S Vorster, M Wagner, SJ Ward, M White, R Wierzcholska, A Zacharias, M Zajczyk, A Zdziarski, AA Zech, A Zechlin, HS Aleksic, J Antonelli, LA Antoranz, P Backes, M Barrio, JA Bastieri, D Gonzalez, JB Bednarek, W Berdyugin, A Berger, K Bernardini, E Biland, A Blanch, O Bock, RK Boller, A Bonnoli, G Tridon, DB Braun, I Bretz, T Canellas, A Carmona, E Carosi, A Colin, P Colombo, E Contreras, JL Cortina, J Cossio, L Covino, S Dazzi, F De Angelis, A del Pozo, ED De Lotto, B Mendez, CD Ortega, AD Doert, M Dominguez, A Prester, DD Dorner, D Doro, M Elsaesser, D Ferenc, D Fonseca, MV Font, L Fruck, C Lopez, RJG Garczarczyk, M Garrido, D Giavitto, G Godinovic, N Hadasch, D Hafner, D Herrero, A Hildebrand, D Hohne-Monch, D Hose, J Hrupec, D Huber, B Jogler, T Klepser, S Krahenbuhl, T Krause, J La Barbera, A Lelas, D Leonardo, E Lindfors, E Lombardi, S Lopez, M Lorenz, E Makariev, M Maneva, G Mankuzhiyil, N Mannheim, K Maraschi, L Mariotti, M Martinez, M Mazin, D Meucci, M Miranda, JM Mirzoyan, R Miyamoto, H Moldon, J Moralejo, A Munar, P Nieto, D Nilsson, K Orito, R Oya, I Paneque, D Paoletti, R Pardo, S Paredes, JM Partini, S Pasanen, M Pauss, F Perez-Torres, MA Persic, M Peruzzo, L Pilia, M Pochon, J Prada, F Moroni, PGP Prandini, E Puljak, I Reichardt, I Reinthal, R Rhode, W Ribo, M Rico, J Rugamer, S Saggion, A Saito, K Saito, TY Salvati, M Satalecka, K Scalzotto, V Scapin, V Schultz, C Schweizer, T Shayduk, M Shore, SN Sillanpaa, A Sitarek, J Sobczynska, D Spanier, F Spiro, S Stamerra, A Steinke, B Storz, J Strah, N Suric, T Takalo, L Takami, H Tavecchio, F Temnikov, P Terzic, T Tescaro, D Teshima, M Thom, M Tibolla, O Torres, DF Treves, A Vankov, H Vogler, P Wagner, RM Weitzel, Q Zabalza, V Zandanel, F Zanin, R Arlen, T Aune, T Beilicke, M Benbow, W Bouvier, A Bradbury, SM Buckley, JH Bugaev, V Byrum, K Cannon, A Cesarini, A Ciupik, L Connolly, MP Cui, W Dickherber, R Duke, C Errando, M Falcone, A Finley, JP Finnegan, G Fortson, L Furniss, A Galante, N Gall, D Godambe, S Griffin, S Grube, J Gyuk, G Hanna, D Holder, J Huan, H Hui, CM Kaaret, P Karlsson, N Kertzman, M Khassen, Y Kieda, D Krawczynski, H Krennrich, F Lang, MJ LeBohec, S Maier, G McArthur, S McCann, A Moriarty, P Mukherjee, R Nunez, PD Ong, RA Orr, M Otte, AN Park, N Perkins, JS Pichel, A Pohl, M Prokoph, H Ragan, K Reyes, LC Reynolds, PT Roache, E Rose, HJ Ruppel, J Schroedter, M Sembroski, GH Senturk, GD Telezhinsky, I Tesic, G Theiling, M Thibadeau, S Varlotta, A Vassiliev, VV Vivier, M Wakely, SP Weekes, TC Williams, DA Zitzer, B de Almeida, UB Cara, M Casadio, C Cheung, CC McConville, W Davies, F Doi, A Giovannini, G Giroletti, M Hada, K Hardee, P Harris, DE Junor, W Kino, M Lee, NP Ly, C Madrid, J Massaro, F Mundell, CG Nagai, H Perlman, ES Steele, IA Walker, RC Wood, DL AF Abramowski, A. Acero, F. Aharonian, F. Akhperjanian, A. G. Anton, G. Balzer, A. Barnacka, A. de Almeida, U. Barres Becherini, Y. Becker, J. Behera, B. Bernloehr, K. Birsin, E. Biteau, J. Bochow, A. Boisson, C. Bolmont, J. Bordas, P. Brucker, J. Brun, F. Brun, P. Bulik, T. Buesching, I. Carrigan, S. Casanova, S. Cerruti, M. Chadwick, P. M. Charbonnier, A. Chaves, R. C. G. Cheesebrough, A. Clapson, A. C. Coignet, G. Cologna, G. Conrad, J. Dalton, M. Daniel, M. K. Davids, I. D. Degrange, B. Deil, C. Dickinson, H. J. Djannati-Atai, A. Domainko, W. Drury, L. O'C. Dubus, G. Dutson, K. Dyks, J. Dyrda, M. Egberts, K. Eger, P. Espigat, P. Fallon, L. Farnier, C. Fegan, S. Feinstein, F. Fernandes, M. V. Fiasson, A. Fontaine, G. Foerster, A. Fuessling, M. Gallant, Y. A. Gast, H. Gerard, L. Gerbig, D. Giebels, B. Glicenstein, J. F. Glueck, B. Goret, P. Goering, D. Haeffner, S. Hague, J. D. Hampf, D. Hauser, M. Heinz, S. Heinzelmann, G. Henri, G. Hermann, G. Hinton, J. A. Hoffmann, A. Hofmann, W. Hofverberg, P. Holler, M. Horns, D. Jacholkowska, A. de Jager, O. C. Jahn, C. Jamrozy, M. Jung, I. Kastendieck, M. A. Katarzynski, K. Katz, U. Kaufmann, S. Keogh, D. Khangulyan, D. Khelifi, B. Klochkov, D. Kluzniak, W. Kneiske, T. Komin, Nu. Kosack, K. Kossakowski, R. Laffon, H. Lamanna, G. Lennarz, D. Lohse, T. Lopatin, A. Lu, C. -C. Marandon, V. Marcowith, A. Masbou, J. Maurin, D. Maxted, N. Mayer, M. McComb, T. J. L. Medina, M. C. Mehault, J. Moderski, R. Moulin, E. Naumann, C. L. Naumann-Godo, M. de Naurois, M. Nedbal, D. Nekrassov, D. Nguyen, N. Nicholas, B. Niemiec, J. Nolan, S. J. Ohm, S. Wilhelmi, E. de Ona Opitz, B. Ostrowski, M. Oya, I. Panter, M. Arribas, M. Paz Pedaletti, G. Pelletier, G. Petrucci, P. -O. Pita, S. Puehlhofer, G. Punch, M. Quirrenbach, A. Raue, M. Rayner, S. M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Renaud, M. de los Reyes, R. Rieger, F. Ripken, J. Rob, L. Rosier-Lees, S. Rowell, G. Rudak, B. Rulten, C. B. Ruppel, J. Sahakian, V. Sanchez, D. A. Santangelo, A. Schlickeiser, R. Schoeck, F. M. Schulz, A. Schwanke, U. Schwarzburg, S. Schwemmer, S. Sheidaei, F. Skilton, J. L. Sol, H. Spengler, G. Stawarz, L. Steenkamp, R. Stegmann, C. Stinzing, F. Stycz, K. Sushch, I. Szostek, A. Tavernet, J. -P. Terrier, R. Tluczykont, M. Valerius, K. van Eldik, C. Vasileiadis, G. Venter, C. Vialle, J. P. Viana, A. Vincent, P. Voelk, H. J. Volpe, F. Vorobiov, S. Vorster, M. Wagner, S. J. Ward, M. White, R. Wierzcholska, A. Zacharias, M. Zajczyk, A. Zdziarski, A. A. Zech, A. Zechlin, H. -S. Aleksic, J. Antonelli, L. A. Antoranz, P. Backes, M. Barrio, J. A. Bastieri, D. Becerra Gonzalez, J. Bednarek, W. Berdyugin, A. Berger, K. Bernardini, E. Biland, A. Blanch, O. Bock, R. K. Boller, A. Bonnoli, G. Tridon, D. Borla Braun, I. Bretz, T. Canellas, A. Carmona, E. Carosi, A. Colin, P. Colombo, E. Contreras, J. L. Cortina, J. Cossio, L. Covino, S. Dazzi, F. De Angelis, A. De Cea del Pozo, E. De Lotto, B. Delgado Mendez, C. Diago Ortega, A. Doert, M. Dominguez, A. Prester, D. Dominis Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsaesser, D. Ferenc, D. Fonseca, M. V. Font, L. Fruck, C. Garcia Lopez, R. J. Garczarczyk, M. Garrido, D. Giavitto, G. Godinovic, N. Hadasch, D. Haefner, D. Herrero, A. Hildebrand, D. Hoehne-Moench, D. Hose, J. Hrupec, D. Huber, B. Jogler, T. Klepser, S. Kraehenbuehl, T. Krause, J. La Barbera, A. Lelas, D. Leonardo, E. Lindfors, E. Lombardi, S. Lopez, M. Lorenz, E. Makariev, M. Maneva, G. Mankuzhiyil, N. Mannheim, K. Maraschi, L. Mariotti, M. Martinez, M. Mazin, D. Meucci, M. Miranda, J. M. Mirzoyan, R. Miyamoto, H. Moldon, J. Moralejo, A. Munar, P. Nieto, D. Nilsson, K. Orito, R. Oya, I. Paneque, D. Paoletti, R. Pardo, S. Paredes, J. M. Partini, S. Pasanen, M. Pauss, F. Perez-Torres, M. A. Persic, M. Peruzzo, L. Pilia, M. Pochon, J. Prada, F. Moroni, P. G. Prada Prandini, E. Puljak, I. Reichardt, I. Reinthal, R. Rhode, W. Ribo, M. Rico, J. Ruegamer, S. Saggion, A. Saito, K. Saito, T. Y. Salvati, M. Satalecka, K. Scalzotto, V. Scapin, V. Schultz, C. Schweizer, T. Shayduk, M. Shore, S. N. Sillanpaa, A. Sitarek, J. Sobczynska, D. Spanier, F. Spiro, S. Stamerra, A. Steinke, B. Storz, J. Strah, N. Suric, T. Takalo, L. Takami, H. Tavecchio, F. Temnikov, P. Terzic, T. Tescaro, D. Teshima, M. Thom, M. Tibolla, O. Torres, D. F. Treves, A. Vankov, H. Vogler, P. Wagner, R. M. Weitzel, Q. Zabalza, V. Zandanel, F. Zanin, R. Arlen, T. Aune, T. Beilicke, M. Benbow, W. Bouvier, A. Bradbury, S. M. Buckley, J. H. Bugaev, V. Byrum, K. Cannon, A. Cesarini, A. Ciupik, L. Connolly, M. P. Cui, W. Dickherber, R. Duke, C. Errando, M. Falcone, A. Finley, J. P. Finnegan, G. Fortson, L. Furniss, A. Galante, N. Gall, D. Godambe, S. Griffin, S. Grube, J. Gyuk, G. Hanna, D. Holder, J. Huan, H. Hui, C. M. Kaaret, P. Karlsson, N. Kertzman, M. Khassen, Y. Kieda, D. Krawczynski, H. Krennrich, F. Lang, M. J. LeBohec, S. Maier, G. McArthur, S. McCann, A. Moriarty, P. Mukherjee, R. Nunez, P. D. Ong, R. A. Orr, M. Otte, A. N. Park, N. Perkins, J. S. Pichel, A. Pohl, M. Prokoph, H. Ragan, K. Reyes, L. C. Reynolds, P. T. Roache, E. Rose, H. J. Ruppel, J. Schroedter, M. Sembroski, G. H. Sentuerk, G. D. Telezhinsky, I. Tesic, G. Theiling, M. Thibadeau, S. Varlotta, A. Vassiliev, V. V. Vivier, M. Wakely, S. P. Weekes, T. C. Williams, D. A. Zitzer, B. de Almeida, U. Barres Cara, M. Casadio, C. Cheung, C. C. McConville, W. Davies, F. Doi, A. Giovannini, G. Giroletti, M. Hada, K. Hardee, P. Harris, D. E. Junor, W. Kino, M. Lee, N. P. Ly, C. Madrid, J. Massaro, F. Mundell, C. G. Nagai, H. Perlman, E. S. Steele, I. A. Walker, R. C. Wood, D. L. CA HESS Collaboration MAGIC Collaboration VERITAS Collaboration TI THE 2010 VERY HIGH ENERGY gamma-RAY FLARE AND 10 YEARS OF MULTI-WAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF M 87 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (M 87); galaxies: jets; galaxies: nuclei; gamma rays: galaxies; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; RADIO GALAXY M87; BASE-LINE ARRAY; TEV EMISSION; CRAB-NEBULA; UNIFIED SCHEMES; SCALE JETS; INNER JET AB The giant radio galaxy M 87 with its proximity (16 Mpc), famous jet, and very massive black hole ((3-6) x 10(9) M-circle dot) provides a unique opportunity to investigate the origin of very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission generated in relativistic outflows and the surroundings of supermassive black holes. M 87 has been established as a VHE gamma-ray emitter since 2006. The VHE gamma-ray emission displays strong variability on timescales as short as a day. In this paper, results from a joint VHE monitoring campaign on M 87 by the MAGIC and VERITAS instruments in 2010 are reported. During the campaign, a flare at VHE was detected triggering further observations at VHE (H.E.S.S.), X-rays (Chandra), and radio (43 GHz Very Long Baseline Array, VLBA). The excellent sampling of the VHE gamma-ray light curve enables one to derive a precise temporal characterization of the flare: the single, isolated flare is well described by a two-sided exponential function with significantly different flux rise and decay times of tau(rise)(d) = (1.69 +/- 0.30) days and tau(decay)(d) = (0.611 +/- 0.080) days, respectively. While the overall variability pattern of the 2010 flare appears somewhat different from that of previous VHE flares in 2005 and 2008, they share very similar timescales (similar to day), peak fluxes (Phi(>0.35 TeV) similar or equal to (1-3) x 10(-11) photons cm(-2) s(-1)), and VHE spectra. VLBA radio observations of 43 GHz of the inner jet regions indicate no enhanced flux in 2010 in contrast to observations in 2008, where an increase of the radio flux of the innermost core regions coincided with a VHE flare. On the other hand, Chandra X-ray observations taken similar to 3 days after the peak of the VHE gamma-ray emission reveal an enhanced flux from the core (flux increased by factor similar to 2; variability timescale <2 days). The long-term (2001-2010) multi-wavelength (MWL) light curve of M 87, spanning from radio to VHE and including data from Hubble Space Telescope, Liverpool Telescope, Very Large Array, and European VLBI Network, is used to further investigate the origin of the VHE gamma-ray emission. No unique, common MWL signature of the three VHE flares has been identified. In the outer kiloparsec jet region, in particular in HST-1, no enhanced MWL activity was detected in 2008 and 2010, disfavoring it as the origin of the VHE flares during these years. Shortly after two of the three flares (2008 and 2010), the X-ray core was observed to be at a higher flux level than its characteristic range (determined from more than 60 monitoring observations: 2002-2009). In 2005, the strong flux dominance of HST-1 could have suppressed the detection of such a feature. Published models for VHE gamma-ray emission from M 87 are reviewed in the light of the new data. C1 [Abramowski, A.; Fernandes, M. V.; Hampf, D.; Heinzelmann, G.; Horns, D.; Kastendieck, M. A.; Kneiske, T.; Nguyen, N.; Opitz, B.; Raue, M.; Tluczykont, M.; Zechlin, H. -S.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Acero, F.; Farnier, C.; Feinstein, F.; Gallant, Y. A.; Marcowith, A.; Mehault, J.; Renaud, M.; Vasileiadis, G.; Vorobiov, S.; Zajczyk, A.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, CC 72, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. [Aharonian, F.; Bernloehr, K.; Bochow, A.; Carrigan, S.; Chaves, R. C. G.; Clapson, A. C.; Deil, C.; Domainko, W.; Foerster, A.; Gast, H.; Hague, J. D.; Hermann, G.; Hofmann, W.; Hofverberg, P.; Khangulyan, D.; Lennarz, D.; Lu, C. -C.; Nekrassov, D.; Ohm, S.; Wilhelmi, E. de Ona; Panter, M.; de los Reyes, R.; Rieger, F.; Sanchez, D. A.; Skilton, J. L.; van Eldik, C.; Voelk, H. J.; Volpe, F.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Aharonian, F.; Drury, L. O'C.; Fallon, L.] Dublin Inst Adv Studies, Dublin 2, Ireland. 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RP Abramowski, A (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. EM martin.raue@desy.de; stawarz@astro.isas.jaxa.jp; colin@mppmu.mpg.de; mazin@ifae.es; beilicke@physics.wustl.edu; cmhui@physics.utah.edu RI Braun, Isabel/C-9373-2012; Prada Moroni, Pier Giorgio/G-5565-2011; Mannheim, Karl/F-6705-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; van Eldik, Christopher/C-3901-2013; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Cara, Mihai/G-1023-2013; Tjus, Julia/G-8145-2012; Fontaine, Gerard/D-6420-2014; Venter, Christo/E-6884-2011; Rico, Javier/K-8004-2014; Fernandez, Ester/K-9734-2014; Lopez Moya, Marcos/L-2304-2014; Moralejo Olaizola, Abelardo/M-2916-2014; Ribo, Marc/B-3579-2015; Katarzynski, Krzysztof/G-4528-2014; Jamrozy, Marek/F-4507-2015; Casanova, Sabrina/J-8935-2013; Antoranz, Pedro/H-5095-2015; Anton, Gisela/C-4840-2013; Khassen, Yerbol/I-3806-2015; Delgado, Carlos/K-7587-2014; Nieto, Daniel/J-7250-2015; Miranda, Jose Miguel/F-2913-2013; Daniel, Michael/A-2903-2010; Font, Lluis/L-4197-2014; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/K-7255-2014; Maneva, Galina/L-7120-2016; Temnikov, Petar/L-6999-2016; Massaro, Francesco/L-9102-2016; Makariev, Martin/M-2122-2016; Backes, Michael/N-5126-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Reichardt, Ignasi/P-7478-2016; Drury, Luke/B-1916-2017; Barrio, Juan/L-3227-2014; Moulin, Emmanuel/B-5959-2017; Martinez Rodriguez, Manel/C-2539-2017; Cortina, Juan/C-2783-2017; Fonseca Gonzalez, Maria Victoria/I-2004-2015; Komin, Nukri/J-6781-2015; OI Braun, Isabel/0000-0002-9389-0502; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; van Eldik, Christopher/0000-0001-9669-645X; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Venter, Christo/0000-0002-2666-4812; Rico, Javier/0000-0003-4137-1134; Lopez Moya, Marcos/0000-0002-8791-7908; Moralejo Olaizola, Abelardo/0000-0002-1344-9080; Casanova, Sabrina/0000-0002-6144-9122; Antoranz, Pedro/0000-0002-3015-3601; Anton, Gisela/0000-0003-2039-4724; Khassen, Yerbol/0000-0002-7296-3100; Delgado, Carlos/0000-0002-7014-4101; Nieto, Daniel/0000-0003-3343-0755; Miranda, Jose Miguel/0000-0002-1472-9690; Daniel, Michael/0000-0002-8053-7910; Font, Lluis/0000-0003-2109-5961; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/0000-0001-7282-2394; Temnikov, Petar/0000-0002-9559-3384; Massaro, Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850; Backes, Michael/0000-0002-9326-6400; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Reichardt, Ignasi/0000-0003-3694-3820; Drury, Luke/0000-0002-9257-2270; Barrio, Juan/0000-0002-0965-0259; Moulin, Emmanuel/0000-0003-4007-0145; Cortina, Juan/0000-0003-4576-0452; Cui, Wei/0000-0002-6324-5772; Giovannini, Gabriele/0000-0003-4916-6362; Prada Moroni, Pier Giorgio/0000-0001-9712-9916; Chadwick, Paula/0000-0002-1468-2685; Kneiske, Tanja M./0000-0002-3210-6200; LA BARBERA, ANTONINO/0000-0002-5880-8913; Cesarini, Andrea/0000-0002-8611-8610; leonardo, elvira/0000-0003-0271-7673; de los Reyes Lopez, Raquel/0000-0003-0485-9552; Fonseca Gonzalez, Maria Victoria/0000-0003-2235-0725; Komin, Nukri/0000-0003-3280-0582; De Lotto, Barbara/0000-0003-3624-4480 FU Namibian authorities; German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF); Max Planck Society; French Ministry for Research; CNRS-IN2P3; CNRS; U.K. Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); IPNP of the Charles University; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; South African Department of Science and Technology; National Research Foundation; University of Namibia; German BMBF; German MPG; Italian INFN; Swiss National Fund SNF; Spanish MICINN; Bulgarian NSF [CSD2007-00042, CSD2009-00064, DO02-353]; Academy of Finland [127740]; YIP of the Helmholtz Gemeinschaft; DFG Cluster of Excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe,"; DFG Collaborative Research Centers [SFB823/C4, SFB876/C3]; Polish MNiSzW [745/N-HESS-MAGIC/2010/0]; US Department of Energy Office of Science; US National Science Foundation; Smithsonian Institution; NSERC in Canada; Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) [10/RFP/AST2748]; STFC in the UK; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France; NASA [GO0-11120X]; Associated Universities, Inc.; European Community [227290] FX The H.E.S.S. Collaboration acknowledges support of the Namibian authorities and of the University of Namibia in facilitating the construction and operation of H.E.S.S., as is the support by the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), the Max Planck Society, the French Ministry for Research, the CNRS-IN2P3 and the Astroparticle Interdisciplinary Programme of the CNRS, the U.K. Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), the IPNP of the Charles University, the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the South African Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation, and by the University of Namibia. We appreciate the excellent work of the technical support staff in Berlin, Durham, Hamburg, Heidelberg, Palaiseau, Paris, Saclay, and in Namibia in the construction and operation of the equipment.; The MAGIC Collaboration thank the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias for the excellent working conditions at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos in La Palma. The support of the German BMBF and MPG, the Italian INFN, the Swiss National Fund SNF, and the Spanish MICINN is gratefully acknowledged. This work was also supported by the Marie Curie program, by the CPAN CSD2007-00042 and MultiDark CSD2009-00064 projects of the Spanish Consolider-Ingenio 2010 programme, by grant DO02-353 of the Bulgarian NSF, by grant 127740 of the Academy of Finland, by the YIP of the Helmholtz Gemeinschaft, by the DFG Cluster of Excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe," by the DFG Collaborative Research Centers SFB823/C4 and SFB876/C3, and by the Polish MNiSzW grant 745/N-HESS-MAGIC/2010/0.; The VERITAS Collaboration acknowledges support from the US Department of Energy Office of Science, the US National Science Foundation, and the Smithsonian Institution, from NSERC in Canada, from Science Foundation Ireland (SFI 10/RFP/AST2748), and from STFC in the UK. We acknowledge the excellent work of the technical support staff at the FLWO and at the collaborating institutions in the construction and operation of the instrument.; The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France.; Analysis of the Chandra data was supported by NASA grant GO0-11120X.; The Very Long Baseline Array is operated by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, a facility of the NSF, operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.; The European VLBI Network is a joint facility of European, Chinese, South African, and other radio astronomy institutes funded by their national research councils. This effort is supported by the European Community Framework Programme 7, Advanced Radio Astronomy in Europe, grant agreement no. 227290. NR 107 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 3 U2 42 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2012 VL 746 IS 2 AR 151 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/746/2/151 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 894DD UT WOS:000300406300037 ER PT J AU Efroimsky, M AF Efroimsky, Michael TI TIDAL DISSIPATION COMPARED TO SEISMIC DISSIPATION: IN SMALL BODIES, EARTHS, AND SUPER-EARTHS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE celestial mechanics; Earth; Moon; planet-star interactions; planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability; planets and satellites: general ID WAVE ATTENUATION; GRAVITATIONAL MOTION; MANTLE; CONSTRAINTS; DISPERSION; EQUATIONS; EVOLUTION; CORE; BODY; MARS AB While the seismic quality factor and phase lag are defined solely by the bulk properties of the mantle, their tidal counterparts are determined by both the bulk properties and the size effect (self-gravitation of a body as a whole). For a qualitative estimate, we model the body with a homogeneous sphere, and express the tidal phase lag through the lag in a sample of material. Although simplistic, our model is sufficient to understand that the lags are not identical. The difference emerges because self-gravitation pulls the tidal bulge down. At low frequencies, this reduces strain and the damping rate, making tidal damping less efficient in larger objects. At higher frequencies, competition between self-gravitation and rheology becomes more complex, though for sufficiently large super-Earths the same rule applies: the larger the planet, the weaker the tidal dissipation in it. Being negligible for small terrestrial planets and moons, the difference between the seismic and tidal lagging (and likewise between the seismic and tidal damping) becomes very considerable for large exoplanets (super-Earths). In those, it is much lower than what one might expect from using a seismic quality factor. The tidal damping rate deviates from the seismic damping rate, especially in the zero-frequency limit, and this difference takes place for bodies of any size. So the equal in magnitude but opposite in sign tidal torques, exerted on one another by the primary and the secondary, have their orbital averages going smoothly through zero as the secondary crosses the synchronous orbit. We describe the mantle rheology with the Andrade model, allowing it to lean toward the Maxwell model at the lowest frequencies. To implement this additional flexibility, we reformulate the Andrade model by endowing it with a free parameter zeta which is the ratio of the anelastic timescale to the viscoelastic Maxwell time of the mantle. Some uncertainty in this parameter's frequency dependence does not influence our principal conclusions. C1 USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. RP Efroimsky, M (reprint author), USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. EM michael.efroimsky@usno.navy.mil OI Efroimsky, Michael/0000-0003-1249-9622 NR 43 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2012 VL 746 IS 2 AR 150 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/746/2/150 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 894DD UT WOS:000300406300036 ER PT J AU Hwang, U Laming, JM AF Hwang, Una Laming, J. Martin TI A CHANDRA X-RAY SURVEY OF EJECTA IN THE CASSIOPEIA A SUPERNOVA REMNANT SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics; ISM: individual objects (Cassiopeia A); ISM: supernova remnants; X-rays: ISM ID CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; ISOLATED RADIO PULSARS; A SUPERNOVA; NEUTRON-STAR; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; ACCELERATED ELECTRONS; GAMMA-RAY; CAS-A; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; DRIVEN SUPERNOVA AB We present a survey of the X-ray-emitting ejecta in the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant (SNR) based on an extensive analysis of over 6000 spectral regions extracted on 2.'' 5-10 '' angular scales using the Chandra 1 Ms observation. We interpret these results in the context of hydrodynamical models for the evolution of the remnant. The distributions of fitted temperature and ionization age, and the implied mass coordinates, are highly peaked and suggest that the ejecta were subjected to multiple secondary shocks following reverse shock interaction with ejecta inhomogeneities. Based on the fitted emission measure and element abundances, and an estimate of the emitting volume, we derive masses for the X-ray-emitting ejecta and also show the distribution of the mass of various elements over the remnant. An upper limit to the total shocked Fe mass visible in X-rays appears to be roughly 0.13 M-circle dot, which accounts for nearly all of the mass expected in Fe ejecta. We find two populations of Fe ejecta, that associated with normal Si burning and that possibly associated with alpha-rich freezeout, with a mass ratio of approximately 2:1. Essentially all of the observed Fe (both components) lies well outside the central regions of the SNR, possibly having been ejected by hydrodynamic instabilities during the explosion. We discuss this and its implications for the neutron star kick. C1 [Hwang, Una] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Hwang, Una] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA. [Laming, J. Martin] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hwang, U (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Una.Hwang-1@gsfc.nasa.gov; laming@nrl.navy.mil FU NASA [NNH04ZSS001N]; Office of Naval Research FX We thank Roger Chevalier, Elisabetta Micelotta, Rob Petre, and the referee for helpful comments on the paper. We gratefully acknowledge support through NASA grants to the Chandra Guest Observer Program and NNH04ZSS001N to the Long Term Space Astrophysics Program. J.M.L. was also supported by basic research funds of the Office of Naval Research. NR 109 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2012 VL 746 IS 2 AR 130 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/746/2/130 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 894DD UT WOS:000300406300016 ER PT J AU Winebarger, AR Warren, HP Schmelz, JT Cirtain, J Mulu-Moore, F Golub, L Kobayashi, K AF Winebarger, Amy R. Warren, Harry P. Schmelz, Joan T. Cirtain, Jonathan Mulu-Moore, Fana Golub, Leon Kobayashi, Ken TI DEFINING THE "BLIND SPOT" OF HINODE EIS AND XRT TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona ID X-RAY TELESCOPE; DIFFERENTIAL EMISSION MEASURE; ACTIVE-REGION; PLASMA; LINES; DIAGNOSTICS; LOOPS; FLARE AB Observing high-temperature, low emission measure plasma is key to unlocking the coronal heating problem. With current instrumentation, a combination of EUV spectral data from Hinode Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS; sensitive to temperatures up to 4 MK) and broadband filter data from Hinode X-ray Telescope (XRT; sensitive to higher temperatures) is typically used to diagnose the temperature structure of the observed plasma. In this Letter, we demonstrate that a "blind spot" exists in temperature-emission measure space for combined Hinode EIS and XRT observations. For a typical active region core with significant emission at 3-4 MK, Hinode EIS and XRT are insensitive to plasma with temperatures greater than similar to 6 MK and emission measures less than similar to 10(27) cm(-5). We then demonstrate that the temperature and emission measure limits of this blind spot depend upon the temperature distribution of the plasma along the line of sight by considering a hypothetical emission measure distribution sharply peaked at 1 MK. For this emission measure distribution, we find that EIS and XRT are insensitive to plasma with emission measures less than similar to 10(26) cm(-5). We suggest that a spatially and spectrally resolved 6-24 angstrom spectrum would improve the sensitivity to these high-temperature, low emission measure plasma. C1 [Winebarger, Amy R.; Cirtain, Jonathan; Mulu-Moore, Fana] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Warren, Harry P.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schmelz, Joan T.] Univ Memphis, Dept Phys, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. [Golub, Leon] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kobayashi, Ken] Ctr Space Plasma & Aeron Res, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. RP Winebarger, AR (reprint author), NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, VP 62, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. EM amy.r.winebarger@nasa.gov OI Golub, Leon/0000-0001-9638-3082 NR 23 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD FEB 20 PY 2012 VL 746 IS 2 AR L17 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/746/2/L17 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 896ZT UT WOS:000300611100004 ER PT J AU Helmboldt, JF Lazio, TJW Intema, HT Dymond, KF AF Helmboldt, J. F. Lazio, T. J. W. Intema, H. T. Dymond, K. F. TI A new technique for spectral analysis of ionospheric TEC fluctuations observed with the Very Large Array VHF system: From QP echoes to MSTIDs SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NIGHTTIME MIDLATITUDE IONOSPHERE; SPORADIC-E EXPERIMENT; INSTABILITY AB We have used a relatively long, contiguous VHF observation of a bright cosmic radio source (Cygnus A) with the Very Large Array (VLA) through the nighttime, midlatitude ionosphere to demonstrate the phenomena observable with this instrument. In a companion paper, we showed that the VLA can detect fluctuations in total electron content (TEC) with amplitudes of <= 10(-3) TECU and can measure TEC gradients with a precision of about 2 x 10(-4) TECU km(-1). We detail two complementary techniques for producing spectral analysis of these TEC gradient measurements. The first is able to track individual waves with wavelengths of about half the size of the array (similar to 20 km) or more. This technique was successful in detecting and characterizing many medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) seen intermittently throughout the night and has been partially validated using concurrent GPS measurements. Smaller waves are also seen with this technique at nearly all times, many of which move in similar directions as the detected MSTIDs. The second technique allows for the detection and statistical description of the properties of groups of waves moving in similar directions with wavelengths as small as 5 km. Combining the results of both spectral techniques, we found a class of intermediate and small scale waves which are likely the quasi-periodic (QP) echoes that have been observed to occur within sporadic-E (E-s) layers. We find two distinct populations of these waves. The members of one population are coincident in time with MSTIDs and are consistent with being generated within E-s layers by the E-F coupling instability. The other population seems more influenced by the neutral wind, similar to the predominant types of QP echoes found by the Sporadic-E Experiments over Kyushu (SEEK). We have also found that the spectra of background (i.e., isotropic) fluctuations can be interpreted as the sum of two turbulent components with maximum scales of about 300 km and 10 km. C1 [Helmboldt, J. F.; Dymond, K. F.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lazio, T. J. W.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA. [Intema, H. T.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. RP Helmboldt, JF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7213,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joe.helmboldt@nrl.navy.mil; joseph.lazio@jpl.nasa.gov; hintema@nrao.edu; kenneth.dymond@nrl.navy.mil RI Helmboldt, Joseph/C-8105-2012; Intema, Huib/D-1438-2012; OI Intema, Huib/0000-0002-5880-2730; Dymond, Kenneth/0000-0001-8060-9016 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX The authors would like to thank the referees for useful comments and suggestions. Basic research in astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 base funding. The VLA was operated by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory which is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. Part of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 EI 1944-799X J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD FEB 18 PY 2012 VL 47 AR RS0L02 DI 10.1029/2011RS004787 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA 899PE UT WOS:000300827500001 ER PT J AU Robertson, K Furukawa, Y Underwood, A Black, L Liu, JL AF Robertson, Kelly Furukawa, Yoko Underwood, Alison Black, Lindsay Liu, Jinny L. TI Deletion of the Hoc and Soc capsid proteins affects the surface and cellular uptake properties of bacteriophage T4 derived nanoparticles SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE T4 NPs; Hoc; Soc; Zeta potentials; Cellular uptake ID MOLECULAR ARCHITECTURE; HEAD; PARTICLES; PHAGE-T4; DELIVERY; DOMAINS AB Recently the use of engineered viral scaffolds in biotechnology and medical applications has been increasing dramatically. T4 phage capsid derived nanoparticles (NPs) have potential advantages as sensors and in biotechnology. These applications require that the physical properties and cellular uptake of these NPs be understood. In this study we used a T4 deletion mutant to investigate the effects of removing both the Hoc and Soc proteins from the capsid surface on T4 tailless NPs. The surface charge, zeta potential, size, and cellular uptake efficiencies for both the T4 NP and T4 Delta Hoc Delta Soc NP mutant were measured and compared using dynamic light scattering and flow cytometry and significant differences were detected. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Robertson, Kelly; Liu, Jinny L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Furukawa, Yoko] USN, Res Lab, Seafloor Sci Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Black, Lindsay] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Baltimore, MD 21230 USA. RP Liu, JL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jinny.liu@nrl.navy.mil RI Furukawa, Yoko/B-3099-2013 FU NRL FX We thank Drs. Patricia Legler and Stella North for their comments on the manuscript. This work is supported by NRL 6.2 base program. The opinions expressed here are those of authors and do not represent those of the US Navy, the US Department of Defense, or the US government. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD FEB 17 PY 2012 VL 418 IS 3 BP 537 EP 540 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.01.061 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 900XL UT WOS:000300925300017 PM 22285187 ER PT J AU Weidinger, D Houchins, C Owrutsky, JC AF Weidinger, Daniel Houchins, Cassidy Owrutsky, Jeffrey C. TI Vibrational dynamics of tricyanomethanide SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE IONIC LIQUIDS; SOLAR-CELLS; ENERGY RELAXATION; DICYANAMIDE ANION; POLAR-SOLVENTS; CYANIDE ION; PSEUDOHALIDES; SPECTROSCOPY; EQUILIBRIUM; CONVERSION AB Steady-state and time resolved IR spectroscopy have been used to characterize vibrational spectra and relaxation dynamics of the antisymmetric CN stretching band of tricyanomethanide (TCM) in solutions of water, heavy water, methanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, formamide, and the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate [BMIM][BF4]. The vibrational energy relaxation times for tricyanomethanide in these solvents are longer than those previously reported for dicyanamide, another CN containing anion, in the same solvents. Results of ab initio calculations of the vibrational frequencies for tricyanomethanide depend on the method used and compare favorably with experimentally measured values for IR-active and Raman-active bands. Proton and electron affinities were also calculated. (C) 2012 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Weidinger, Daniel; Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Houchins, Cassidy] SRA Int, Fairfax, VA 22033 USA. RP Owrutsky, JC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6111,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Jeff.Owrutsky@nrl.navy.mil RI Owrutsky, Jeffrey/K-7649-2012 FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory; National Research Council FX Support for this work was provided by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory. D.W. and C.H. thank the National Research Council for fellowship support. The authors thank Michael B. Pomfret for assistance in collecting Raman spectra. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 16 PY 2012 VL 525-26 BP 60 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2011.12.060 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 891OG UT WOS:000300225900010 ER PT J AU Gomez, RM Nedoluha, GE Neal, HL McDermid, IS AF Gomez, R. Michael Nedoluha, Gerald E. Neal, Helen L. McDermid, I. Stuart TI The fourth-generation Water Vapor Millimeter-Wave Spectrometer SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; RADIOMETER AB For 20 years the Naval Research Laboratory has been making continuous water vapor profile measurements at 22.235 GHz with the Water Vapor Millimeter-Wave Spectrometer (WVMS) instruments, with the program expanding from one to three instruments in the first 6 years. Since the initial deployments there have been gradual improvements in the instrument design which have improved data quality and reduced maintenance requirements. Recent technological developments have made it possible to entirely redesign the instrument and improve not only the quality of the measurements but also the capability of the instrument. We present the fourth-generation instrument now operating at Table Mountain, California, which incorporates the most recent advances in microwave radiometry. This instrument represents the most significant extension of our measurement capability to date, enabling us to measure middle atmospheric water vapor from similar to 26-80 km. C1 [Gomez, R. Michael; Nedoluha, Gerald E.] USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Neal, Helen L.] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. [McDermid, I. Stuart] Jet Prop Lab, Table Mt Facil, Wrightwood, CA 92397 USA. RP Gomez, RM (reprint author), USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Code 7227,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mike.gomez@nrl.navy.mil FU Mauna Loa Observatory; NASA; Naval Research Laboratory; staff at the Table Mountain Facility FX We wish to thank the staff at the Table Mountain Facility and the Mauna Loa Observatory for their assistance and support. This work is sponsored by NASA under the Upper Atmosphere Research Program and the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD FEB 16 PY 2012 VL 47 AR RS1010 DI 10.1029/2011RS004778 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA 899PC UT WOS:000300827300001 ER PT J AU Helmboldt, JF Lazio, TJW Intema, HT Dymond, KF AF Helmboldt, J. F. Lazio, T. J. W. Intema, H. T. Dymond, K. F. TI High-precision measurements of ionospheric TEC gradients with the Very Large Array VHF system SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB We have used a relatively long, contiguous VHF observation of a bright cosmic radio source (Cygnus A) with the Very Large Array (VLA) to demonstrate the capability of this instrument to study the ionosphere. This interferometer, and others like it, can observe ionospheric total electron content (TEC) fluctuations on a much wider range of scales than is possible with many other instruments. We have shown that with a bright source, the VLA can measure differential TEC values between pairs of antennas (delta TEC) with a precision of 3 x 10(-4) TECU. Here, we detail the data reduction and processing techniques used to achieve this level of precision. In addition, we demonstrate techniques for exploiting these high-precision delta TEC measurements to compute the TEC gradient observed by the array as well as small-scale fluctuations within the TEC gradient surface. A companion paper details specialized spectral analysis techniques used to characterize the properties of wave-like fluctuations within this data. C1 [Helmboldt, J. F.; Dymond, K. F.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lazio, T. J. W.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA. [Intema, H. T.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. RP Helmboldt, JF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7213,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joe.helmboldt@nrl.navy.mil; joseph.lazio@jpl.nasa.gov; hintema@nrao.edu; kenneth.dymond@nrl.navy.mil RI Helmboldt, Joseph/C-8105-2012; Intema, Huib/D-1438-2012 OI Intema, Huib/0000-0002-5880-2730 FU 6.1 base funding; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX The authors would like to thank the referees for useful comments and suggestions. Basic research in astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 base funding. The VLA was operated by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory which is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. Part of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD FEB 16 PY 2012 VL 47 AR RS0K02 DI 10.1029/2011RS004883 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA 899PC UT WOS:000300827300002 ER PT J AU Ohta, T Beechem, TE Robinson, JT Kellogg, GL AF Ohta, Taisuke Beechem, Thomas E. Robinson, Jeremy T. Kellogg, G. L. TI Long-range atomic ordering and variable interlayer interactions in two overlapping graphene lattices with stacking misorientations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID EPITAXIAL GRAPHENE; BORON-NITRIDE; ELECTRONS; BILAYER; LAYERS AB The low-energy electronic dispersion of graphene is extremely sensitive to the nearest layer interaction and thus the stacking sequence. Here, we report a method to examine the effect of stacking misorientation in bilayer graphene by transferring chemical vapor deposited (CVD) graphene onto monolithic graphene epitaxially grown on silicon carbide (SiC) (0001). The resulting hybrid bilayer graphene displays long-range Moire diffraction patterns having various misorientations even as it exhibits electron reflectivity spectra nearly identical to epitaxial bilayer graphene grown directly on SiC. These varying twist angles affect the 2D (G')-band shape of the Raman spectrum, indicating regions of both a monolayer-like single pi state and Bernal-like split pi states brought about by the differing interlayer interactions. This hybrid bilayer graphene fabricated via a transfer process therefore offers a way to systematically study the electronic properties of bilayer graphene films as a function of stacking misorientation angle. C1 [Ohta, Taisuke; Beechem, Thomas E.; Kellogg, G. L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Robinson, Jeremy T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ohta, T (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM tohta@sandia.gov RI Robinson, Jeremy/F-2748-2010 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development; US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering; US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Office of Naval Research FX The work at Sandia National Laboratories was supported by Laboratory Directed Research and Development and by the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering. A portion of this work was performed at CINT, a US DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. We are grateful to Guild Copeland and Anthony McDonald for sample preparation and characterization. The work at Naval Research Laboratory was funded by the Office of Naval Research. We are also grateful to Glen G. Jurnigan and coworkers at NRL for sharing their manuscript prior to publication.45 NR 44 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 43 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 16 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 7 AR 075415 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.075415 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 894ID UT WOS:000300419500001 ER PT J AU Delorme, A Palmer, J Onton, J Oostenveld, R Makeig, S AF Delorme, Arnaud Palmer, Jason Onton, Julie Oostenveld, Robert Makeig, Scott TI Independent EEG Sources Are Dipolar SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BLIND SOURCE SEPARATION; EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS; COMPONENT ANALYSIS; VISUAL-CORTEX; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC DATA; NEURONAL AVALANCHES; WORKING-MEMORY; BRAIN SOURCES; RESPONSES; DYNAMICS AB Independent component analysis (ICA) and blind source separation (BSS) methods are increasingly used to separate individual brain and non-brain source signals mixed by volume conduction in electroencephalographic (EEG) and other electrophysiological recordings. We compared results of decomposing thirteen 71-channel human scalp EEG datasets by 22 ICA and BSS algorithms, assessing the pairwise mutual information (PMI) in scalp channel pairs, the remaining PMI in component pairs, the overall mutual information reduction (MIR) effected by each decomposition, and decomposition 'dipolarity' defined as the number of component scalp maps matching the projection of a single equivalent dipole with less than a given residual variance. The least well-performing algorithm was principal component analysis (PCA); best performing were AMICA and other likelihood/mutual information based ICA methods. Though these and other commonly-used decomposition methods returned many similar components, across 18 ICA/BSS algorithms mean dipolarity varied linearly with both MIR and with PMI remaining between the resulting component time courses, a result compatible with an interpretation of many maximally independent EEG components as being volume-conducted projections of partially-synchronous local cortical field activity within single compact cortical domains. To encourage further method comparisons, the data and software used to prepare the results have been made available (http://sccn.ucsd.edu/wiki/BSSComparison). C1 [Delorme, Arnaud; Palmer, Jason; Onton, Julie; Makeig, Scott] Univ Calif San Diego, Swartz Ctr Computat Neurosci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Delorme, Arnaud] Univ Toulouse 3, Ctr Rech Cerveau & Cognit, F-31062 Toulouse, France. [Oostenveld, Robert] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Donders Inst Brain Cognit & Behav, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Delorme, Arnaud] CNRS, CERCO, Toulouse, France. [Onton, Julie] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. RP Delorme, A (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Swartz Ctr Computat Neurosci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM arno@ucsd.edu RI Delorme, Arnaud/F-8917-2011; Oostenveld, Robert/D-3259-2009 OI Oostenveld, Robert/0000-0002-1974-1293 FU Swartz Foundation (Old Field NY); National Institute of Mental Health USA [RO1-NS047293-01A1]; National Science Foundation USA [NSF IIS-0613595] FX This work was supported by a gift from the Swartz Foundation (Old Field NY) and by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health USA (RO1-NS047293-01A1) and the National Science Foundation USA (NSF IIS-0613595). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 56 TC 137 Z9 140 U1 0 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 AR e30135 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0030135 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 925DP UT WOS:000302741300008 PM 22355308 ER PT J AU Rigato, PO Maciel, M Goldoni, AL Piubelli, OG Orii, NM Marques, ET August, JT Duarte, AJD Sato, MN AF Rigato, Paula Ordonhez Maciel, Milton, Jr. Goldoni, Adriana Leticia Piubelli, Orlando Guerra Orii, Noemia Mie Marques, Ernesto Torres August, Joseph Thomas da Silva Duarte, Alberto Jose Sato, Maria Notomi TI Maternal LAMP/p55gagHIV-1 DNA Immunization Induces In Utero Priming and a Long-Lasting Immune Response in Vaccinated Neonates SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID EARLY-LIFE; T-CELL; HYPERSENSITIVITY RESPONSE; HIV-1 TRANSMISSION; ALLERGEN EXPOSURE; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; II COMPARTMENT; MICE; MOTHER; GAG AB Infants born to HIV-infected mothers are at high risk of becoming infected during gestation or the breastfeeding period. A search is thus warranted for vaccine formulations that will prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission. The LAMP/gag DNA chimeric vaccine encodes the HIV-1 p55gag fused to the lysosome-associated membrane protein-1 (LAMP-1) and has been shown to enhance anti-Gag antibody (Ab) and cellular immune responses in adult and neonatal mice; such a vaccine represents a new concept in antigen presentation. In this study, we evaluated the effect of LAMP/gag DNA immunization on neonates either before conception or during pregnancy. LAMP/gag immunization of BALB/c mice before conception by the intradermal route led to the transfer of anti-Gag IgG1 Ab through the placenta and via breastfeeding. Furthermore, there were an increased percentage of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ T cells in the spleens of neonates. When offspring were immunized with LAMP/gag DNA, the anti-Gag Ab response and the Gag-specific IFN-gamma-secreting cells were decreased. Inhibition of anti-Gag Ab production and cellular responses were not observed six months after immunization, indicating that maternal immunization did not interfere with the long-lasting memory response in offspring. Injection of purified IgG in conjunction with LAMP/gag DNA immunization decreased humoral and cytotoxic T-cell responses. LAMP/gag DNA immunization by intradermal injection prior to conception promoted the transfer of Ab, leading to a diminished response to Gag without interfering with the development of anti-Gag T- and B-cell memory. Finally, we assessed responses after one intravenous injection of LAMP/gag DNA during the last five days of pregnancy. The intravenous injection led to in utero immunization. In conclusion, DNA vaccine enconding LAMP-1 with Gag and other HIV-1 antigens should be considered in the development of a protective vaccine for the maternal/fetal and newborn periods. C1 [Rigato, Paula Ordonhez; Goldoni, Adriana Leticia; Piubelli, Orlando Guerra; Orii, Noemia Mie; da Silva Duarte, Alberto Jose; Sato, Maria Notomi] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Lab Dermatol & Immunodeficiencies, Dept Dermatol,LIM 56, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Maciel, Milton, Jr.] USN, Enter Dis Dept, Infect Dis Directorate, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Marques, Ernesto Torres] Ctr Vaccine Res, Dept Infect Dis & Microbiol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [August, Joseph Thomas] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol & Mol Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Rigato, PO (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Lab Dermatol & Immunodeficiencies, Dept Dermatol,LIM 56, Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM marisato@usp.br RI Saude Publica, Inct/J-9544-2013; Marques, Ernesto/L-4514-2013; Ordonhez Rigato, Paula/J-3618-2012; Goldoni, Adriana Leticia/I-1912-2012; Marques, Ernesto/L-4967-2013 OI Marques, Ernesto/0000-0003-3826-9358; Goldoni, Adriana Leticia/0000-0002-4298-8526; Marques, Ernesto/0000-0003-3826-9358 FU Ministerio da Saude do Brasil [914BRA1101]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2004/14443-2]; Laboratorio de Investigacao Medica, Unidade 56 do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Sao Paulo FX This work was supported by Ministerio da Saude do Brasil - Programa Nacional de HIV/AIDS/DST (914BRA1101), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa de Sao Paulo (FAPESP no 2004/14443-2) and Laboratorio de Investigacao Medica, Unidade 56 do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Sao Paulo. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 AR e31608 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0031608 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 925DP UT WOS:000302741300081 PM 22355381 ER PT J AU Weiss, WR Jiang, CG AF Weiss, Walter R. Jiang, Chengyong George TI Protective CD8+T lymphocytes in Primates Immunized with Malaria Sporozoites SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM SPOROZOITES; T-CELLS; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; IRRADIATED SPOROZOITES; STERILE PROTECTION; RHESUS-MONKEYS; LIVER STAGES; RESPONSES; VACCINE; BERGHEI AB Live attenuated malaria vaccines are more potent than the recombinant protein, bacterial or viral platform vaccines that have been tested, and an attenuated sporozoite vaccine against falciparum malaria is being developed for humans. In mice, attenuated malaria sporozoite vaccines induce CD8(+) T cells that kill parasites developing in the liver. We were curious to know if CD8(+) T cells were also important in protecting primates against malaria. We immunized 9 rhesus monkeys with radiation attenuated Plasmodium knowlesi sporozoites, and found that 5 did not develop blood stage infections after challenge with live sporozoites. We then injected 4 of these protected monkeys with cM-T807, a monoclonal antibody to the CD8 molecule which depletes T cells. The fifth monkey received equivalent doses of normal IgG. In 3 of the 4 monkeys receiving cM-T807 circulating CD8(+) T cells were profoundly depleted. When re-challenged with live sporozoites all 3 of these depleted animals developed blood stage malaria. The fourth monkey receiving cM-T807 retained many circulating CD8(+) T cells. This monkey, and the vaccinated monkey receiving normal IgG, did not develop blood stage malaria at re-challenge with live sporozoites. Animals were treated with antimalarial drugs and rested for 4 months. During this interval CD8(+) T cells re-appeared in the circulation of the depleted monkeys. When all vaccinated animals received a third challenge with live sporozoites, all 5 monkeys were once again protected and did not develop blood stage malaria infections. These data indicate that CD8(+) T cells are important effector cells protecting monkeys against malaria sporozoite infection. We believe that malaria vaccines which induce effector CD8+ T cells in humans will have the best chance of protecting against malaria. C1 [Weiss, Walter R.; Jiang, Chengyong George] USN, Med Res Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Weiss, WR (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM walter.weiss@verizon.net FU U.S. Army Medical Research Materiel Command [6000.RAD1.F.A0309] FX This work was supported by funds allocated to the Naval Medical Research Center by the U.S. Army Medical Research Materiel Command (work unit 6000.RAD1.F.A0309). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 28 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 AR e31247 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0031247 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 925DP UT WOS:000302741300049 PM 22355349 ER PT J AU Huete, C Wouchuk, JG Velikovich, AL AF Huete, C. Wouchuk, J. G. Velikovich, A. L. TI Analytical linear theory for the interaction of a planar shock wave with a two- or three-dimensional random isotropic acoustic wave field SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID RICHTMYER-MESHKOV INSTABILITY; TURBULENCE INTERACTION; RAREFACTION; GROWTH AB We present an analytical model that describes the linear interaction of a planar shock wave with an isotropic random sonic field. First, we study the interaction with a single-mode acoustic field. We present the exact evolution for the pressure, velocity, vorticity, and density field generated behind the shock wave, and we also calculate exact and closed analytical expressions for the asymptotic behavior of these modes. Applying superposition, we use the results obtained from the single-mode analysis in order to compute the interaction with 2D/3D isotropic random acoustic fields. We present analytical expressions for the average turbulent kinetic energy generated behind the shock, as well as the averaged vorticity and the density perturbations as a function of the shock strength M-1 and the gas compressibility gamma.. We also study the acoustic energy flux emitted by the shock front. Exact asymptotic analytical scaling laws are given for all the 3D averages downstream. A detailed comparison with previous works is shown. C1 [Huete, C.; Wouchuk, J. G.] Univ Castilla La Mancha, Escuela Tecn Super Ingenieros Ind, Inst Invest Energet INEI, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain. [Velikovich, A. L.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Huete, C (reprint author), Univ Castilla La Mancha, Escuela Tecn Super Ingenieros Ind, Inst Invest Energet INEI, Campus S-N, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain. EM cesar.huete@uclm.es RI Huete, Cesar/A-3184-2012; Wouchuk, J. G./F-1449-2016; Huete Ruiz de Lira, Cesar/F-7412-2016 OI Huete, Cesar/0000-0002-3227-8520; Huete Ruiz de Lira, Cesar/0000-0002-3227-8520 FU Ministry of Science; MEC [ENE2009-09276\, AP2007-02745]; Junta de CLM, Spain [PEI11-0056-1890]; US DOE/NNSA FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Science, MEC (ENE2009-09276, AP2007-02745) and Junta de CLM (PEI11-0056-1890), Spain (C. H. and J.G.W.) and by the US DOE/NNSA (A. L. V.). Encouragement from A. Bret and A. R. Piriz (UCLM) is gratefully acknowledged. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 2 AR 026312 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.85.026312 PN 2 PG 31 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 894JL UT WOS:000300422900003 PM 22463322 ER PT J AU Lane, PA Cunningham, PD Melinger, JS Kushto, GP Esenturk, O Heilweil, EJ AF Lane, Paul A. Cunningham, Paul D. Melinger, Joseph S. Kushto, Gary P. Esenturk, Okan Heilweil, Edwin J. TI Photoexcitation Dynamics in Films of C-60 and Zn Phthalocyanine with a Layered Nanostructure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RESOLVED TERAHERTZ SPECTROSCOPY; SOLAR-CELLS; CHARGE-TRANSFER; METAL PHTHALOCYANINES; CARRIER DYNAMICS; THIN-FILMS; SOLID C-60; BLENDS; GENERATION; MOLECULES AB We elucidate photoexcitation dynamics in C-60 and zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) from picoseconds to milliseconds by transient absorption and time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy. Autoionization of C-60 is a precursor to photocarrier generation. Decay of the terahertz signal is due to decreasing photocarrier mobility over the first 20 ps and thereafter reflects recombination dynamics. Singlet diffusion rates in C-60 are determined by modeling the rise of ground state bleaching of ZnPc absorption following C-60 excitation. Recombination dynamics transform from bimolecular to monomolecular as the layer thickness is reduced, revealing a metastable exciplex at the C-60/ZnPc interface with a lifetime of 150 mu s. C1 [Lane, Paul A.; Cunningham, Paul D.; Melinger, Joseph S.; Kushto, Gary P.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Esenturk, Okan; Heilweil, Edwin J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Lane, PA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research; NIST FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and by NIST. P. C. thanks the National Research Council for administering the postdoctoral fellowship program at NRL. NR 37 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 5 U2 36 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 108 IS 7 AR 077402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.077402 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 894JT UT WOS:000300423700018 PM 22401254 ER PT J AU Lindquist, JM Neta, B Giraldo, FX AF Lindquist, Joseph M. Neta, Beny Giraldo, Francis X. TI High-order non-reflecting boundary conditions for dispersive waves in polar coordinates using spectral elements SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Klein-Gordon equation; Polar coordinates; Advection; Dispersion; High-order; Non-reflecting boundary condition; Spectral elements ID UNBOUNDED-DOMAINS; EQUATION; ADVECTION; SYSTEMS AB High-order non-reflecting boundary conditions are introduced to create a finite computational space and for the solution of dispersive waves using a spectral element formulation with high-order time integration. Numerical examples are used to demonstrate the synergy of using high-order spatial, time, and boundary discretization. We show that by balancing all numerical errors involved, high-order accuracy can be achieved for unbounded domain problems in polar coordinate systems. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Lindquist, Joseph M.; Neta, Beny; Giraldo, Francis X.] USN, Dept Appl Math, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Neta, B (reprint author), USN, Dept Appl Math, Postgrad Sch, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM joseph.lindquist@us.army.mil; bneta@nps.edu; fxgirald@nps.edu OI Neta, Beny/0000-0002-7417-7496 FU US Army; Naval Postgraduate School FX The first author is indebted to the US Army for its support. The authors would like to express their appreciation to the Naval Postgraduate School for its support of this research. Finally, the authors wish to thank the reviewers for their helpful insights, suggestions and comments. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0096-3003 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 218 IS 12 BP 6666 EP 6676 DI 10.1016/j.amc.2011.12.023 PG 11 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 886IJ UT WOS:000299847700006 ER PT J AU Zhou, JC Tsoi, S Spillmann, CM Naciri, J Ratna, B AF Zhou, Jing C. Tsoi, Stanislav Spillmann, Christopher M. Naciri, Jawad Ratna, Banahalli TI Tuning mechanical properties of liquid crystalline nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Liquid crystalline nanoparticle; Gel-like matrix; Mechanical analysis; 5CB; Stiffness; Shape anisotropy ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION; NANOCOLLOIDS; MONOMERS; COLLOIDS; GELS AB We report the synthesis of colloidal nanoparticles with an internal structure forming a gel-like matrix. These nanoparticles are composed of low molecular weight liquid crystal (LC) 4-pentyl-4-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) encapsulated in an LC-based polymer network. Using nanoscopic mechanical analysis, we demonstrate the ability to independently tune the shape anisotropy and stiffness by varying, respectively, the 5CB concentration and the extent of the polymer cross-linking. Based on these data, a model is introduced to account for the effect of the polymer network on the mechanical properties, thus providing novel insight into the nanomechanics of these soft particles. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zhou, Jing C.; Tsoi, Stanislav; Spillmann, Christopher M.; Naciri, Jawad; Ratna, Banahalli] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ratna, B (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM banahalli.ratna@nrl.navy.mil FU Defence Threat Reduction Agency; Office of Naval Research; National Research Council FX The authors thank the Defence Threat Reduction Agency and the Office of Naval Research for funding and Mr. Martin Moore for synthesizing DACTP11. J.C.Z. thanks the National Research Council for providing funding for the postdoctoral associateship. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 20 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 368 BP 152 EP 157 DI 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.11.043 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 881MJ UT WOS:000299490500020 PM 22183259 ER PT J AU Fontanella, JJ Boyles, DA Filipova, TS Awwad, S Edmondson, CA Bendler, JT Wintersgill, MC Lomax, JF Schroeder, MJ AF Fontanella, J. J. Boyles, D. A. Filipova, T. S. Awwad, S. Edmondson, C. A. Bendler, J. T. Wintersgill, M. C. Lomax, J. F. Schroeder, M. J. TI Dielectric studies of tetraaryl and triaryl polycarbonates and comparisons with bisphenol A-polycarbonate SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dielectric properties; dielectric relaxation; glass transition; glassy polymers; high-performance polymers; high-temperature materials; polycarbonates ID GLASS-TRANSITION TEMPERATURE; DEFECT DIFFUSION-MODEL; DENSE POLYMER SYSTEMS; CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA; SECONDARY RELAXATION; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; IMPACT STRENGTH; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; AROMATIC POLYCARBONATES; POLY(ESTER CARBONATE)S AB The relative permittivity, loss, and breakdown strength are reported for a commercial sample of bisphenol A-polycarbonate (comm-BPA-PC) and a purified sample of the same polymer (rp-BPA-PC) as well as for two new polycarbonates having low molecular cross-sectional areas, namely a copolymer of tetraaryl polycarbonate and BPA-PC (TABPA-BPA-PC) and a triaryl polycarbonate homopolymer (TriBPA-PC). The glass transition temperatures of the new polymers are higher than the Tg of BPA-PC (187 and 191 degrees C vs. 148 degrees C). Relative permittivity and loss measurements were carried out from 10 to 105 Hz over a wide temperature range, and results for the a- and -relaxation regions are discussed in detail. For the a-relaxation, the isochronal peak position, Ta, scales approximately with Tg. On the other hand, the peak temperature for the ?-relaxation is approximately constant, independent of Tg. Also, in contrast to what is observed for a, ? exhibits a strong increase in peak height as temperature/frequency increases and a significant difference is found between Arrhenius plots determined from isochronal and isothermal data analyses. Next, the ?-relaxation region for comm-BPA-PC and associated activation parameters show strong history/purity effects. The activation parameters also depend on the method of data analysis. The results shed light on discrepancies that exist in the literature for BPA-PC. The shapes of the loss peaks and hence glassy-state motions for all the polymers are very similar. However, the intensities of the TriBPA-PC and TABPA-BPA-PC peaks are reduced by an amount that closely matches the reduced volume fraction of carbonate units in the two new polymers. Finally, for comm-BPA-PC, the breakdown strength is strongly affected by sample history and this is assumed to be related to volatile components in the material. It is found that the breakdown strengths for TriBPA-PC and TABPA-BPA-PC are relatively close to that for rp-BPA-PC with the value for TriBPA-PC being slightly larger than that for rp-BPA-PC or the value usually reported for typical capacitor grade polycarbonate. Finally, it is shown that the real part of the relative permittivity remains relatively constant from low temperatures to Tg. Consequently, based on the dielectric properties, TriBPA-PC and TABPA-BPA-PC should be usable in capacitors to at least 50 degrees C higher than BPA-PC. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2011 C1 [Fontanella, J. J.; Edmondson, C. A.; Wintersgill, M. C.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Boyles, D. A.; Filipova, T. S.; Awwad, S.] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Chem, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. [Bendler, J. T.] BSC Inc, Rapid City, SD 57702 USA. [Lomax, J. F.; Schroeder, M. J.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Fontanella, JJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM fontanel@comcast.net FU U.S. Office of Naval Research; Department of Defense-Army Research Office [DAAD19-01-1-0482] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Office of Naval Research. J.T. Bendler, D. A. Boyles, and T. S. Filipova gratefully acknowledge financial support by the Department of Defense-Army Research Office (Grant No. DAAD19-01-1-0482). The authors thank Mark A. Westgate for technical assistance. NR 109 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 50 IS 4 BP 289 EP 304 DI 10.1002/polb.23010 PG 16 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 872GJ UT WOS:000298796900008 ER PT J AU Wolak, MA Wan, AS Shirk, JS Mackey, M Hiltner, A Baer, E AF Wolak, Mason A. Wan, Alan S. Shirk, James S. Mackey, Matt Hiltner, Anne Baer, Eric TI Imaging the Effect of Dielectric Breakdown in a Multilayered Polymer Film SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE focused ion beam (FIB); scanning electron microscopy (SEM); multilayer composite; dielectric properties; polycarbonates; poly(vinylidene fluorides) ID FOCUSED ION-BEAM; ELECTRIC-FIELD; BARRIER; COMPOSITES AB The dielectric strength and energy storage capability of poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) copolymer (P[VDF-HFP]) films are enhanced by interleaving layers of PVDF copolymer with thin layers of polycarbonate (PC). To gain insight into the breakdown processes in such materials, focused ion beam (FIB) milling in conjunction with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the effect of a breakdown on the film. FIB can sequentially mill cross sections that are each imaged by SEM. The technique can provide quasi-3D images across the film and give a detailed view of the damage caused by an electrical breakdown. Here, breakdowns initiated using a needle-plane electrode configuration were imaged. In homogeneous films, the damage was confined to the small volume at the pinhole site. In 32-layer 50/50 PC/P[VDF-HFP] multilayer films, damage extending laterally up to similar to 15 mu m into the film along the layer interfaces was seen. In addition to the delamination, layer buckling and distortion were apparent. The damage varied with the sample orientation, but the images indicate that the interfaces play an important role in the breakdown. They suggest that modifying the interface properties can be a strategy to further improve the dielectric strength of multilayer polymer dielectric materials. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc(dagger). J Appl Polym Sci 123: 25482557, 2012 C1 [Wolak, Mason A.; Shirk, James S.] USN, Div Opt Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wan, Alan S.] Evans Analyt Grp, E Windsor, NJ 08520 USA. [Mackey, Matt; Hiltner, Anne; Baer, Eric] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Macromol Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Mackey, Matt; Hiltner, Anne; Baer, Eric] Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Appl Polymer Res, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Wolak, MA (reprint author), USN, Div Opt Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mason.wolak@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; National Science Foundation FX We thank the Office of Naval Research for support of this work. Case-Western Reserve University also acknowledges the support of the National Science Foundation. NR 24 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 42 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 123 IS 4 BP 2548 EP 2557 DI 10.1002/app.34269 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 860ET UT WOS:000297932300080 ER PT J AU Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Alekseev, I Alford, J Anderson, BD Anson, CD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Balewski, J Barnby, LS Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Borowski, W Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Brovko, SG Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Chen, L Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Chung, P Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Cui, X Leyva, AD De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Didenko, L Djawotho, P Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Estienne, M Eun, L Evdokimov, O Fachini, P Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Fersch, RG Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Geurts, F Ghosh, P Gorbunov, YN Gordon, A Grebenyuk, OG Grosnick, D Gupta, A Gupta, S Guryn, W Haag, B Hajkova, O Hamed, A Han, LX Harris, JW Hays-Wehle, JP Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Huang, B Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jena, C Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kizka, V Klein, SR Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Koralt, I Koroleva, L Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kumar, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, L Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, ZM Lima, LM Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Lu, Y Lukashov, EV Luo, X Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D McShane, TS Meschanin, A Milner, R Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mitrovski, MK Mohammed, Y Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, B Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Mustafa, MK Naglis, M Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Ohlson, A Okorokov, V Oldag, EW Oliveira, RAN Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Pei, H Peitzmann, T Perkins, C Peryt, W Pile, P Planinic, M Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Powell, CB Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Qiu, H Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ruan, L Rusnak, J Sahoo, NR Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmitz, N Schuster, TR Seele, J Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Solanki, D Sorensen, P deSouza, UG Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Steadman, SG Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Svirida, DN Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Wada, M Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Witzke, W Wu, YF Xiao, Z Xie, W Xu, H Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, W Xu, Y Xu, Z Xue, L Yang, Y Yang, Y Yepes, P Yip, K Yoo, IK Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, JB Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneeva, Y AF Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Anderson, B. D. Anson, C. D. Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Barnby, L. S. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Borowski, W. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Brovko, S. G. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Chen, L. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Christie, W. Chung, P. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Cui, X. Leyva, A. Davila De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. Derradi de Souza, R. Didenko, L. Djawotho, P. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Elnimr, M. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Estienne, M. Eun, L. Evdokimov, O. Fachini, P. Fatemi, R. Fedorisin, J. Fersch, R. G. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fine, V. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gangadharan, D. R. Geurts, F. Ghosh, P. Gorbunov, Y. N. Gordon, A. Grebenyuk, O. G. Grosnick, D. Gupta, A. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hajkova, O. Hamed, A. Han, L-X. Harris, J. W. Hays-Wehle, J. P. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jena, C. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kettler, D. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Kizka, V. Klein, S. R. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Koralt, I. Koroleva, L. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kumar, L. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, L. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. M. Lima, L. M. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Lu, Y. Lukashov, E. V. Luo, X. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Meschanin, A. Milner, R. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mitrovski, M. K. Mohammed, Y. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, B. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Mustafa, M. K. Naglis, M. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md Nayak, T. K. Nogach, L. V. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Ohlson, A. Okorokov, V. Oldag, E. W. Oliveira, R. A. N. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Pei, H. Peitzmann, T. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Porter, J. Poskanzer, A. M. Powell, C. B. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Sahoo, N. R. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sangaline, E. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmitz, N. Schuster, T. R. Seele, J. Seger, J. Selyuzhenkov, I. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Simon, F. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Solanki, D. Sorensen, P. deSouza, U. G. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Steadman, S. G. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Symons, T. J. M. de Toledo, A. Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trainor, T. A. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Trzeciak, B. A. Tsai, O. D. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbaek, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Witzke, W. Wu, Y. F. Xiao, Z. Xie, W. Xu, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xue, L. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkarneeva, Y. CA STAR Collaboration TI Identified Hadron Compositions in p plus p and Au plus Au Collisions at High Transverse Momenta at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; STAR; SPECTRA; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE; MATTER; TPC AB We report transverse momentum (p(T) <= 15 GeV/c) spectra of pi(+/-), K-+/-, p, (p) over bar, K-0(S), and rho(0) at midrapidity in p + p and Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. Perturbative QCD calculations are consistent with pi(+/-) spectra in p + p collisions but do not reproduce K and p((p) over bar) spectra. The observed decreasing antiparticle-to-particle ratios with increasing p(T) provide experimental evidence for varying quark and gluon jet contributions to high-p(T) hadron yields. The relative hadron abundances in Au + Au at p(T) >= 8 GeV/c are measured to be similar to the p + p results, despite the expected Casimir effect for parton energy loss. C1 [Agakishiev, G.; Alakhverdyants, A. V.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Kizka, V.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Barnby, L. S.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Arkhipkin, D.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Burton, T. P.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fachini, P.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Guryn, W.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Mitrovski, M. K.; Ogawa, A.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Brovko, S. G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Mall, O. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.; Sangaline, E.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cendejas, R.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Shah, N.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Whitten, C., Jr.; Xu, W.; Zhao, F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Derradi de Souza, R.; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. 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[Ahammed, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Ghosh, P.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Nasim, Md; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Sahoo, N. R.; Singaraju, R. N.; Tribedy, P.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Kisiel, A.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.; Trainor, T. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Chen, J. Y.; Chen, L.; Ke, H. W.; Li, Z. M.; Liu, F.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y. F.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J. B.] CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Majka, R.; Ohlson, A.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Agakishiev, G (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. RI Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Rusnak, Jan/G-8462-2014; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014; Xu, Wenqin/H-7553-2014; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; XIAO, Zhigang/C-3788-2015; Aparecido Negrao de Oliveira, Renato/G-9133-2015; Bruna, Elena/C-4939-2014; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Xue, Liang/F-8077-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Tang, Zebo/A-9939-2014; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013 OI Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Xu, Wenqin/0000-0002-5976-4991; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Bruna, Elena/0000-0001-5427-1461; Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Xue, Liang/0000-0002-2321-9019; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; Tang, Zebo/0000-0002-4247-0081; FU Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; Sloan Foundation; DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe" of Germany; STFC of the United Kingdom; CNRS/IN2P3; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Ed. and Sci. of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; GA of the Czech Republic; MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM of The Netherlands; NWO of The Netherlands; DAE; DAE, DST; CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Sci. and Higher Ed.; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Sci., Ed. and Sports of the Rep. of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, the Sloan Foundation, the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe" of Germany, STFC of the United Kingdom, CNRS/IN2P3, FAPESP CNPq of Brazil, Ministry of Ed. and Sci. of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FOM and NWO of The Netherlands, DAE, DST, and CSIR of India, Polish Ministry of Sci. and Higher Ed., Korea Research Foundation, Ministry of Sci., Ed. and Sports of the Rep. of Croatia, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 48 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 14 PY 2012 VL 108 IS 6 AR 072302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.072302 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 891WI UT WOS:000300247100003 PM 22401197 ER PT J AU Hu, X Legler, PM Khavrutskii, I Scorpio, A Compton, JR Robertson, KL Friedlander, AM Wallqvist, A AF Hu, Xin Legler, Patricia M. Khavrutskii, Ilja Scorpio, Angelo Compton, Jaimee R. Robertson, Kelly L. Friedlander, Arthur M. Wallqvist, Anders TI Probing the Donor and Acceptor Substrate Specificity of the gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; TRANSFERASE TRANSPEPTIDASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CATALYTIC MECHANISM; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; AMINO-ACIDS; EXPRESSION; CAPSULE; IDENTIFICATION AB gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) is a two-substrate enzyme that plays a central role in glutathione metabolism and is a potential target for drug design. GGT catalyzes the cleavage of gamma-glutamyl donor substrates and the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety to an amine of an acceptor substrate or water. Although structures of bacterial GGT have revealed details of the protein-ligand interactions at the donor site, the acceptor substrate site is relatively undefined. The recent identification of a species-specific acceptor site inhibitor, OU749, suggests that these inhibitors may be less toxic than glutamine analogues. Here we investigated the donor and acceptor substrate preferences of Bacillus anthracis GGT (CapD) and applied computational approaches in combination with kinetics to probe the structural basis of the enzyme's substrate and with human GGT. Site-directed mutagenesis studies showed that the R432A and R520S variants exhibited 6- and 95-fold decreases in hydrolase activity, respectively, and that their activity was not stimulated by the addition of the L-Cys acceptor substrate, suggesting an additional role in acceptor binding and/or catalysis of transpeptidation. Rat GGT (and presumably HuGGT) has strict stereospecificity for L-amino acid acceptor substrates, while CapD can utilize both L- and D-acceptor substrates comparably. Modeling and kinetic analysis suggest that R520 and R432 allow two alternate acceptor substrate binding modes for L- and D-acceptors. R432 is conserved in Francisella tularensis, Yersinia pestis, Burkholderia mallei, Helicobacter pylori and Escherichia coli, but not in human GGT. Docking and MD simulations point toward key residues that contribute to inhibitor and acceptor substrate binding, providing a guide to designing novel and specific GGT inhibitors. C1 [Hu, Xin; Khavrutskii, Ilja; Wallqvist, Anders] USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Biotechnol HPC Software Applicat Inst, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Legler, Patricia M.; Compton, Jaimee R.; Robertson, Kelly L.] USN, Res Labs, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Scorpio, Angelo; Friedlander, Arthur M.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hu, X (reprint author), USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Biotechnol HPC Software Applicat Inst, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM xin.hu@nih.gov; patricia.legler@nrl.navy.mil FU Defense Threat and Reduction Agency [2.10010.08.RD.B, CBM.THERB.02.11.RD.012]; U.S. Department of Defense under the High Performance Computing Software Applications Institutes initiative FX This work was sponsored by Defense Threat and Reduction Agency Grants 2.10010.08.RD.B and CBM.THERB.02.11.RD.012 and the U.S. Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program, under the High Performance Computing Software Applications Institutes initiative. NR 52 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD FEB 14 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 6 BP 1199 EP 1212 DI 10.1021/bi200987b PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 890GK UT WOS:000300132900015 PM 22257032 ER PT J AU Moses, WJ Bowles, JH Lucke, RL Corson, MR AF Moses, Wesley J. Bowles, Jeffrey H. Lucke, Robert L. Corson, Michael R. TI Impact of signal-to-noise ratio in a hyperspectral sensor on the accuracy of biophysical parameter estimation in case II waters SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID TURBID PRODUCTIVE WATERS; INHERENT OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; OCEAN COLOR; CHLOROPHYLL-A; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION; REMOTE ESTIMATION; COASTAL WATERS; ALGORITHM; SEAWIFS; MODEL AB Errors in the estimated constituent concentrations in optically complex waters due solely to sensor noise in a spaceborne hyperspectral sensor can be as high as 80%. The goal of this work is to elucidate the effect of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on the accuracy of retrieved constituent concentrations. Large variations in the magnitude and spectral shape of the reflectances from coastal waters complicate the impact of SNR on the accuracy of estimation. Due to the low reflectance of water, the actual SNR encountered for a water target is usually quite lower than the prescribed SNR. The low SNR can be a significant source of error in the estimated constituent concentrations. Simulated and measured at-surface reflectances were used in this study. A radiative transfer code, Tafkaa, was used to propagate the at-surface reflectances up and down through the atmosphere. A sensor noise model based on that of the spaceborne hyperspectral sensor HICO was applied to the at-sensor radiances. Concentrations of chlorophyll-a, colored dissolved organic matter, and total suspended solids were estimated using an optimized error minimization approach and a few semi-analytical algorithms. Improving the SNR by reasonably modifying the sensor design can reduce estimation uncertainties by 10% or more. (C)2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Moses, Wesley J.] USN, Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Moses, WJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM wesley.moses.ctr.in@nrl.navy.mil OI Moses, Wesley/0000-0003-3551-6093 FU Office of Naval Research; National Research Council via the Naval Research Laboratory FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research and by the National Research Council Associateship awarded to W. J. Moses via the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 51 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 19 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD FEB 13 PY 2012 VL 20 IS 4 BP 4309 EP 4330 DI 10.1364/OE.20.004309 PG 22 WC Optics SC Optics GA 902MH UT WOS:000301041900096 PM 22418190 ER PT J AU Joshi, A Haynes, ND Zelmon, DE Stafsudd, O Shori, R AF Joshi, A. Haynes, N. D. Zelmon, D. E. Stafsudd, O. Shori, R. TI Impurity concentration and temperature dependence of the refractive indices of Er3+ doped ceramic Y2O3 SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID TRANSPARENT YTTRIA; LASER AB The refractive indices and thermo-optic coefficients for varying concentrations of Er3+ doped polycrystalline yttria were measured at a variety of wavelengths and temperatures. A Lorenz oscillator model was employed to model the room temperature indices and thermo-optic coefficients were calculated based on temperature dependent index measurements from 0.45 to 1.064 microns. Some consequences relating to thermal lensing are discussed. (C)2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Joshi, A.; Stafsudd, O.; Shori, R.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Haynes, N. D.; Zelmon, D. E.] USAF, Res Lab, AFRL RXPS, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Shori, R.] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA USA. RP Joshi, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM david.zelmon@wpafb.af.mil NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 14 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD FEB 13 PY 2012 VL 20 IS 4 BP 4428 EP 4435 DI 10.1364/OE.20.004428 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 902MH UT WOS:000301041900108 PM 22418202 ER PT J AU Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Alekseev, I Alford, J Anderson, BD Anson, CD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Balewski, J Barnby, LS Beavis, DR Behera, NK Bellwied, R Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Borowski, W Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Bridgeman, A Brovko, SG Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Chen, L Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, KE Christie, W Chung, P Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Cui, X Leyva, AD De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Didenko, L Djawotho, P Dogra, SM Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Estienne, M Eun, L Evdokimov, O Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Fersch, RG Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Geurts, F Ghosh, P Gorbunov, YN Gordon, A Grebenyuk, OG Grosnick, D Gupta, A Gupta, S Guryn, W Haag, B Hajkova, O Hamed, A Han, LX Harris, JW Hays-Wehle, JP Heinz, M Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Huang, B Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jena, C Jin, F Jones, PG Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kizka, V Klein, SR Knospe, AG Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Koralt, I Koroleva, L Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kouchpil, V Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Krus, M Kumar, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, L Li, N Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, ZM Lima, LM Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, H Liu, J Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Lu, Y Lukashov, EV Luo, X Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D McShane, TS Meschanin, A Milner, R Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mitrovski, MK Mohammed, Y Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, B Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Mustafa, MK Naglis, M Nandi, BK Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Ohlson, A Okorokov, V Oldag, EW Oliveira, RAN Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Pei, H Peitzmann, T Perkins, C Peryt, W Pile, P Planinic, M Ploskon, MA Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potukuchi, BVKS Powell, CB Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Qiu, H Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ruan, L Rusnak, J Sahoo, NR Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schaub, J Schmah, AM Schmitz, N Schuster, TR Seele, J Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Solanki, D Sorensen, P deSouza, UG Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Steadman, SG Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Subba, NL Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Svirida, DN Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Wada, M Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Witzke, W Wu, YF Xiao, Z Xie, W Xu, H Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, W Xu, Y Xu, Z Xue, L Yang, Y Yang, Y Yepes, P Yip, K Yoo, IK Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, JB Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneeva, Y AF Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Anderson, B. D. Anson, C. D. Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Barnby, L. S. Beavis, D. R. Behera, N. K. Bellwied, R. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Borowski, W. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Bridgeman, A. Brovko, S. G. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. de la Barca Sanchez, M. Calderon Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Chen, L. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Choi, K. E. Christie, W. Chung, P. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Cui, X. Leyva, A. Davila De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. Derradi de Souza, R. Didenko, L. Djawotho, P. Dogra, S. M. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Elnimr, M. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Estienne, M. Eun, L. Evdokimov, O. Fatemi, R. Fedorisin, J. Fersch, R. G. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fine, V. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gangadharan, D. R. Geurts, F. Ghosh, P. Gorbunov, Y. N. Gordon, A. Grebenyuk, O. G. Grosnick, D. Gupta, A. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hajkova, O. Hamed, A. Han, L-X Harris, J. W. Hays-Wehle, J. P. Heinz, M. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hjort, E. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Jacobs, P. Jacobs, W. W. Jena, C. Jin, F. Jones, P. G. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kettler, D. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Kizka, V. Klein, S. R. Knospe, A. G. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Koralt, I. Koroleva, L. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kouchpil, V. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Krus, M. Kumar, L. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, L. Li, N. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. M. Lima, L. M. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Liu, H. Liu, J. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Lu, Y. Lukashov, E. V. Luo, X. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Manweiler, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Meschanin, A. Milner, R. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mitrovski, M. K. Mohammed, Y. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, B. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Mustafa, M. K. Naglis, M. Nandi, B. K. Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Nogach, L. V. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Ohlson, A. Okorokov, V. Oldag, E. W. Oliveira, R. A. N. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Pei, H. Peitzmann, T. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Ploskon, M. A. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Porter, J. Poskanzer, A. M. Potukuchi, B. V. K. S. Powell, C. B. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Sahoo, N. R. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sangaline, E. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schaub, J. Schmah, A. M. Schmitz, N. Schuster, T. R. Seele, J. Seger, J. Selyuzhenkov, I. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Simon, F. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Solanki, D. Sorensen, P. deSouza, U. G. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Steadman, S. G. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Subba, N. L. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Symons, T. J. M. Szanto de Toledo, A. Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trainor, T. A. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Trzeciak, B. A. Tsai, O. D. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbaek, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Witzke, W. Wu, Y. F. Xiao, Z. Xie, W. Xu, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xue, L. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkarneeva, Y. CA Star Collaboration TI Strangeness Enhancement in Cu-Cu and Au-Au Collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENCE; PARTICLE; ENERGY AB We report new STAR measurements of midrapidity yields for the Lambda, (Lambda) over bar, K-S(0), Xi(-), (Xi) over bar (+), Omega(-), (Omega) over bar (+) particles in Cu + Cu collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV, and midrapidity yields for the Lambda, (Lambda) over bar, K-S(0) particles in Au + Au at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. We show that, at a given number of participating nucleons, the production of strange hadrons is higher in Cu + Cu collisions than in Au + Au collisions at the same center-of-mass energy. We find that aspects of the enhancement factors for all particles can be described by a parametrization based on the fraction of participants that undergo multiple collisions. C1 [Agakishiev, G.; Alakhverdyants, A. V.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Kizka, V.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Bridgeman, A.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Barnby, L. S.; Jones, P. G.; Nelson, J. M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Arkhipkin, D.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Burton, T. P.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Guryn, W.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Mitrovski, M. K.; Ogawa, A.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Brovko, S. G.; de la Barca Sanchez, M. Calderon; Cebra, D.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Liu, H.; Mall, O. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.; Salur, S.; Sangaline, E.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cendejas, R.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Shah, N.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Whitten, C., Jr.; Xu, W.; Zhao, F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Derradi de Souza, R.; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Betts, R. R.; Evdokimov, O.; Hofman, D. J.; Kauder, K.; Pei, H.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Cherney, M.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; McShane, T. S.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Hajkova, O.; Krus, M.; Pachr, M.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Chung, P.; Kapitan, J.; Kouchpil, V.; Rusnak, J.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Rez 25068, Czech Republic. [Kollegger, T.; Schuster, T. R.; Stock, R.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. [Jena, C.; Mahapatra, D. P.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Behera, N. K.; Nandi, B. K.; Pujahari, P. R.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Stevens, J. R.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Koroleva, L.; Morozov, B.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Dogra, S. M.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, S.; Potukuchi, B. V. K. S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Alford, J.; Anderson, B. D.; Bouchet, J.; Joseph, J.; Keane, D.; Kumar, L.; Margetis, S.; Pandit, Y.; Subba, N. L.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.; Zhang, W. M.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Fatemi, R.; Fersch, R. G.; Korsch, W.; Webb, G.; Witzke, W.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Du, C. M.; Qiu, H.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.; Zhan, W.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Dong, X.; Hjort, E.; Jacobs, P.; Kiryluk, J.; Klein, S. R.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Naglis, M.; Odyniec, G.; Olson, D.; Ploskon, M. A.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Powell, C. B.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Schmah, A. M.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.; Zhang, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balewski, J.; Betancourt, M. J.; Hays-Wehle, J. P.; Leight, W.; Milner, R.; Redwine, R.; Seele, J.; Steadman, S. G.; Surrow, B.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Walker, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.; Simon, F.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Tarnowsky, T.; Wang, H.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Lukashov, E. V.; Okorokov, V.; Strikhanov, M.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Braidot, E.; Peitzmann, T.] NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Braidot, E.; Peitzmann, T.] Univ Utrecht, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Anson, C. D.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bueltmann, S.; Koralt, I.; Plyku, D.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Pruthi, N. K.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Eun, L.; Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Meschanin, A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Corliss, R.; Hirsch, A.; Kikola, D. P.; Konzer, J.; Li, X.; Mustafa, M. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Choi, K. E.; Oh, K.; Yoo, I-K] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Solanki, D.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Liu, J.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Lima, L. M.; Munhoz, M. G.; Oliveira, R. A. N.; deSouza, U. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; Szanto de Toledo, A.] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Cui, X.; Huang, B.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Luo, X.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Li, X.; Xu, Q. H.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Chen, J. H.; Han, L-X; Jin, F.; Li, W.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shou, Q. Y.; Tian, J.; Xue, L.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, Y. H.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Borowski, W.; Estienne, M.; Kabana, S.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Cervantes, M. C.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Djawotho, P.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Huo, L.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mohammed, Y.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Leyva, A. Davila; Hoffmann, G. W.; Li, L.; Markert, C.; Oldag, E. W.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; De Silva, L. C.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R.; Schaub, J.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Ghosh, P.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Sahoo, N. R.; Singaraju, R. N.; Tribedy, P.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Kisiel, A.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.; Trainor, T. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Chen, J. Y.; Chen, L.; Ke, H. W.; Li, N.; Li, Z. M.; Liu, F.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y. F.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J. B.] CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Heinz, M.; Knospe, A. G.; Majka, R.; Ohlson, A.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Agakishiev, G (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. RI Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Xu, Wenqin/H-7553-2014; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; XIAO, Zhigang/C-3788-2015; Aparecido Negrao de Oliveira, Renato/G-9133-2015; Bruna, Elena/C-4939-2014; Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Xue, Liang/F-8077-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Rusnak, Jan/G-8462-2014; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014 OI Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Bhasin, Anju/0000-0002-3687-8179; Xu, Wenqin/0000-0002-5976-4991; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Bruna, Elena/0000-0001-5427-1461; Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Xue, Liang/0000-0002-2321-9019; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; FU RHIC Operations Group; RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; Open Science Grid consortium; Offices of NP; HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF, the Sloan Foundation; DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe" of Germany; CNRS/IN2P3; STFC; EPSRC of the U.K.; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Ed. and Sci. of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; GA; MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM; NWO of the Netherlands; DAE; DST; CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Sci. and Higher Ed.; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Sci., Ed. and Sports of the Rep. of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia FX We thank Klaus Werner, Joerg Aichelin, Francesco Becattini, and Bin Zhang for discussions, the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, the Sloan Foundation, the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe" of Germany, CNRS/IN2P3, STFC, and EPSRC of the U.K., FAPESP CNPq of Brazil, Ministry of Ed. and Sci. of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FOM and NWO of the Netherlands, DAE, DST, and CSIR of India, Polish Ministry of Sci. and Higher Ed., Korea Research Foundation, Ministry of Sci., Ed. and Sports of the Rep. of Croatia, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 26 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 13 PY 2012 VL 108 IS 6 AR 072301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.072301 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 891VX UT WOS:000300246000007 PM 22401196 ER PT J AU Oran, ES Williams, FA AF Oran, Elaine S. Williams, Forman A. TI The physics, chemistry and dynamics of explosions PREFACE SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Oran, Elaine S.] USN, Res Lab, Labs Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Williams, Forman A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Oran, ES (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Labs Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM oran@lcp.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X J9 PHILOS T R SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD FEB 13 PY 2012 VL 370 IS 1960 SI SI BP 533 EP 533 DI 10.1098/rsta.2011.0438 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 873MT UT WOS:000298888100001 ER PT J AU Oran, ES Williams, FA AF Oran, Elaine S. Williams, Forman A. TI The physics, chemistry and dynamics of explosions INTRODUCTION SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material DE explosion; detonation; deflagration; deflagration-to-detonation transition; turbulent reacting flows; astrophysical explosions ID DETONATION PROPAGATION; SYSTEMS AB The motivation for devoting a Theme Issue to explosions is discussed. As subsequent articles in the issue are written with the assumption that the reader has had a certain amount of previous exposure to the subject, some of the history and necessary background information are presented here. The topics on explosions that will be encountered in the remaining articles are previewed. Finally, several important future outstanding research problems, beyond those addressed in the following articles, are discussed, with the objective of complementing the coverage of explosions in this issue. C1 [Oran, Elaine S.] USN, Res Lab, Labs Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Williams, Forman A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Oran, ES (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Labs Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM oran@lcp.nrl.navy.mil NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X EI 1471-2962 J9 PHILOS T R SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD FEB 13 PY 2012 VL 370 IS 1960 SI SI BP 534 EP 543 DI 10.1098/rsta.2011.0385 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 873MT UT WOS:000298888100002 PM 22213658 ER PT J AU Kessler, DA Gamezo, VN Oran, ES AF Kessler, D. A. Gamezo, V. N. Oran, E. S. TI Gas-phase detonation propagation in mixture composition gradients SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE detonation; cellular structure; concentration gradient; triple points; partially premixed; methane ID METHANE-AIR MIXTURES; TRIPLE FLAME; TRANSMISSION; SIMULATIONS; PREDICTION; BEHAVIOR; KINETICS; MODEL; DDT AB The propagation of detonations through several fuel-air mixtures with spatially varying fuel concentrations is examined numerically. The detonations propagate through two-dimensional channels, inside of which the gradient of mixture composition is oriented normal to the direction of propagation. The simulations are performed using a two-component, single-step reaction model calibrated so that one-dimensional detonation properties of model low- and high-activation-energy mixtures are similar to those observed in a typical hydrocarbon-air mixture. In the low-activation-energy mixture, the reaction zone structure is complex, consisting of curved fuel-lean and fuel-rich detonations near the line of stoichiometry that transition to decoupled shocks and turbulent deflagrations near the channel walls where the mixture is extremely fuel-lean or fuel-rich. Reactants that are not consumed by the leading detonation combine downstream and burn in a diffusion flame. Detonation cells produced by the unstable reaction front vary in size across the channel, growing larger away from the line of stoichiometry. As the size of the channel decreases relative to the size of a detonation cell, the effect of the mixture composition gradient is lessened and cells of similar sizes form. In the high-activation-energy mixture, detonations propagate more slowly as the magnitude of the mixture composition gradient is increased and can be quenched in a large enough gradient. C1 [Kessler, D. A.; Gamezo, V. N.; Oran, E. S.] USN, Res Lab, Lab Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kessler, DA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Lab Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM dakessle@lcp.nrl.navy.mil NR 43 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 20 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X J9 PHILOS T R SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD FEB 13 PY 2012 VL 370 IS 1960 SI SI BP 567 EP 596 DI 10.1098/rsta.2011.0342 PG 30 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 873MT UT WOS:000298888100004 PM 22213660 ER PT J AU Radko, T Smith, DP AF Radko, Timour Smith, D. Paul TI Equilibrium transport in double-diffusive convection SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE double diffusive convection; instability; ocean processes ID STRATIFIED KOLMOGOROV FLOW; SUGAR-SALT FINGERS; THERMOHALINE STAIRCASE; BETA-PLANE; INSTABILITY; STABILITY; LAYER; FLUXES; FLUID; THERMOCLINE AB A theoretical model for the equilibrium double-diffusive transport is presented which emphasizes the role of secondary instabilities of salt fingers in saturation of their linear growth. Theory assumes that the fully developed equilibrium state is characterized by the comparable growth rates of primary and secondary instabilities. This assumption makes it possible to formulate an efficient algorithm for computing diffusivities of heat and salt as a function of the background property gradients and molecular parameters. The model predicts that the double-diffusive transport of heat and salt rapidly intensifies with decreasing density ratio. Fluxes are less sensitive to molecular characteristics, mildly increasing with Prandtl number. (Pr) and decreasing with diffusivity ratio (tau). Theory is successfully tested by a series of direct numerical simulations which span a wide range of Pr and tau. C1 [Radko, Timour; Smith, D. Paul] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Radko, T (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM tradko@nps.edu FU National Science Foundation [OCE 0547650, AST 0806431, CBET 0933057, ANT 0944536] FX The authors thank J. Flanagan, R. Schmitt, W. Smyth and reviewers for helpful comments. Support by the National Science Foundation (grants OCE 0547650, AST 0806431, CBET 0933057 and ANT 0944536) is gratefully acknowledged. NR 52 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD FEB 10 PY 2012 VL 692 BP 5 EP 27 DI 10.1017/jfm.2011.343 PG 23 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 886WA UT WOS:000299883400002 ER PT J AU Lifson, AR Krantz, EM Grambsch, PL Macalino, GE Crum-Cianflone, NF Ganesan, A Okulicz, JF Eaton, A Powers, JH Eberly, LE Agan, BK AF Lifson, Alan R. Krantz, Elizabeth M. Grambsch, Patricia L. Macalino, Grace E. Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. Ganesan, Anuradha Okulicz, Jason F. Eaton, Anne Powers, John H. Eberly, Lynn E. Agan, Brian K. CA Infect Dis Clinical Res Program TI Clinical, demographic and laboratory parameters at HAART initiation associated with decreased post-HAART survival in a US military prospective HIV cohort SO AIDS RESEARCH AND THERAPY LA English DT Article DE Highly active antiretroviral therapy; mortality; CD4+lymphocyte count ID STARTING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; COLLABORATIVE ANALYSIS; INFECTED INDIVIDUALS; CELL COUNT; MORTALITY; AIDS; DETERMINANTS; PROGNOSIS AB Background: Although highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has improved HIV survival, some patients receiving therapy are still dying. This analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with increased risk of post-HAART mortality. Methods: We evaluated baseline (prior to HAART initiation) clinical, demographic and laboratory factors (including CD4+ count and HIV RNA level) for associations with subsequent mortality in 1,600 patients who began HAART in a prospective observational cohort of HIV-infected U.S. military personnel. Results: Cumulative mortality was 5%, 10% and 18% at 4, 8 and 12 years post-HAART. Mortality was highest (6.23 deaths/100 person-years [PY]) in those with <= 50 CD4+ cells/mm(3) before HAART initiation, and became progressively lower as CD4+ counts increased (0.70/100 PY with >= 500 CD4+ cells/mm(3)). In multivariate analysis, factors significantly (p < 0.05) associated with post-HAART mortality included: increasing age among those >= 40 years (Hazard ratio [HR] = 1.32 per 5 year increase), clinical AIDS events before HAART (HR = 1.93), <= 50 CD4+ cells/mm(3) (vs. CD4+ >= 500, HR = 2.97), greater HIV RNA level (HR = 1.36 per one log(10) increase), hepatitis C antibody or chronic hepatitis B (HR = 1.96), and HIV diagnosis before 1996 (HR = 2.44). Baseline CD4+ = 51-200 cells (HR = 1.74, p = 0.06), and hemoglobin < 12 gm/dL for women or < 13.5 for men (HR = 1.36, p = 0.07) were borderline significant. Conclusions: Although treatment has improved HIV survival, defining those at greatest risk for death after HAART initiation, including demographic, clinical and laboratory correlates of poorer prognoses, can help identify a subset of patients for whom more intensive monitoring, counseling, and care interventions may improve clinical outcomes and post-HAART survival. C1 [Lifson, Alan R.] Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Krantz, Elizabeth M.; Grambsch, Patricia L.; Eaton, Anne; Eberly, Lynn E.] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Lifson, Alan R.; Krantz, Elizabeth M.; Grambsch, Patricia L.; Macalino, Grace E.; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Ganesan, Anuradha; Okulicz, Jason F.; Eberly, Lynn E.; Agan, Brian K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Okulicz, Jason F.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. [Powers, John H.] NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Lifson, AR (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM lifso001@umn.edu; bagan@idcrp.org OI Polis, Michael/0000-0002-9151-2268; Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669; Eberly, Lynn/0000-0003-4763-330X FU U.S. Government; Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program [IDCRP-000-14]; Department of Defense (DoD) program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [Y1-AI-5072] FX Additional members of the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program HIV/ STI Working Group include Susan Banks, Mary Bavaro, Helen Chun, Cathy Decker, Connor Eggleston, Susan Fraser, Joshua Hartzell, Gunther Hsue, Arthur Johnson, Mark Kortepeter, Tahaniyat Lalani, Michael Landrum, Michelle Linfesty, Scott Merritt, Robert O'Connell, Sheila Peel, Michael Polis, Roseanne Ressnerk, Edmund Tramont, Tyler Warkentien, Paige Waterman, Amy Weintrob, Timothy Whitman, Glenn Wortmann, and Michael Zapor. The content and views expressed in this publication is the sole responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the NIH or the Department of Health and Human Services, the DoD or the Departments of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Department of Defense, nor the U. S. Government. Mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Support for this work (IDCRP-000-14) was provided by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, a Department of Defense (DoD) program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. This project has been funded in whole, or in part, with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Inter-Agency Agreement Y1-AI-5072. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1742-6405 J9 AIDS RES THER JI Aids Res. Ther. PD FEB 10 PY 2012 VL 9 AR 4 DI 10.1186/1742-6405-9-4 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 072RD UT WOS:000313689000001 PM 22339893 ER PT J AU Beers, TC Carollo, D Ivezic, Z An, D Chiba, M Norris, JE Freeman, KC Lee, YS Munn, JA Fiorentin, PR Sivarani, T Wilhelm, R Yanny, B York, DG AF Beers, Timothy C. Carollo, Daniela Ivezic, Zeljko An, Deokkeun Chiba, Masashi Norris, John E. Freeman, Ken C. Lee, Young Sun Munn, Jeffrey A. Fiorentin, Paola Re Sivarani, Thirupathi Wilhelm, Ronald Yanny, Brian York, Donald G. TI THE CASE FOR THE DUAL HALO OF THE MILKY WAY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: evolution; Galaxy: formation; Galaxy: halo; Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics; Galaxy: structure; surveys ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; HORIZONTAL-BRANCH STARS; METAL-POOR STARS; VELOCITY EXPERIMENT RAVE; STELLAR EVOLUTION DATABASE; RR LYRAE STARS; GALACTIC HALO; DATA RELEASE; OPEN CLUSTERS; POPULATION SYNTHESIS AB Carollo et al. have recently resolved the stellar population of the Milky Way halo into at least two distinct components, an inner halo and an outer halo. This result has been criticized by Schonrich et al., who claim that the retrograde signature associated with the outer halo is due to the adoption of faulty distances. We refute this claim, and demonstrate that the Schonrich et al. photometric distances are themselves flawed because they adopted an incorrect main-sequence absolute magnitude relationship from the work of Ivezic et al. When compared to the recommended relation from Ivezic et al., which is tied to a Milky Way globular cluster distance scale and accounts for age and metallicity effects, the relation adopted by Schonrich et al. yields up to 18% shorter distances for stars near the main-sequence turnoff (TO). Use of the correct relationship yields agreement between the distances assigned by Carollo et al. and Ivezic et al. for low-metallicity dwarfs to within 6%-10%. Schonrich et al. also point out that intermediate-gravity stars (3.5 <= logg < 4.0) with colors redder than the TO region are likely misclassified, with which we concur. We implement a new procedure to reassign luminosity classifications for the TO stars that require it. New derivations of the rotational behavior demonstrate that the retrograde signature and high velocity dispersion of the outer-halo population remain. We summarize additional lines of evidence for a dual halo, including a test of the retrograde signature based on proper motions alone, and conclude that the preponderance of evidence strongly rejects the single-halo interpretation. C1 [Beers, Timothy C.; Lee, Young Sun] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Beers, Timothy C.; Lee, Young Sun] Michigan State Univ, JINA, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Beers, Timothy C.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Carollo, Daniela; Norris, John E.; Freeman, Ken C.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Mt Stromlo Observ, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Carollo, Daniela] Macquarie Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Ivezic, Zeljko] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [An, Deokkeun] Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Sci Educ, Seoul 120750, South Korea. [Chiba, Masashi] Tohoku Univ, Astron Inst, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. [Munn, Jeffrey A.] USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Fiorentin, Paola Re] INAF Osservatorio Astron Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. [Sivarani, Thirupathi] Indian Inst Astrophys, Bangalore 560034, Karnataka, India. [Wilhelm, Ronald] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Yanny, Brian] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [York, Donald G.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Beers, TC (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM beers@pa.msu.edu; carollo@mso.anu.edu.au; ivezic@astro.washington.edu; deokkeun@ewha.ac.kr; chiba@astr.tohoku.ac.jp; jen@mso.anu.edu.au; kcf@mso.anu.edu.au; lee@pa.msu.edu; jam@nofs.navy.mil; re.fiorentin@oato.inaf.it; sivarani@iiap.res.in; rjwi222@uky.edu; yanny@fnal.gov; don@oddjob.uchicago.edu OI Re Fiorentin, Paola/0000-0002-4995-0475 FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; Physics Frontiers Center/Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA) [PHY 02-16783, PHY 08-22648]; U.S. National Science Foundation; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in Japan [20340039]; Australian Research Council [DP0663562, DP0984924]; NSF [AST 06-15991, AST 07-07901, AST 05-51161]; National Research Foundation of Korea; ASI [I/058/10/0] FX Funding for SDSS-I and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS Web site is http://www.sdss.org/.; T.C.B. and Y.S.L. acknowledge partial support from grants PHY 02-16783 and PHY 08-22648: Physics Frontiers Center/Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA), awarded by the U.S. National Science Foundation. M. C. acknowledges support from a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (20340039) of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in Japan. Studies at ANU of the most metal-poor populations of the Milky Way are supported by Australian Research Council grants DP0663562 and DP0984924. Z.I. acknowledges support from NSF grants AST 06-15991 and AST 07-07901, as well as from grant AST 05-51161 to LSST for design and development activities. D. A. acknowledges support provided by the National Research Foundation of Korea to the Center for Galaxy Evolution Research. The work of P. R. F. has been partially funded by ASI under contract to INAF I/058/10/0 (Gaia Mission-The Italian Participation to DPAC). NR 78 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 2012 VL 746 IS 1 AR 34 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/746/1/34 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 926VZ UT WOS:000302861300034 ER PT J AU Camilo, F Kerr, M Ray, PS Ransom, SM Johnston, S Romani, RW Parent, D DeCesar, ME Harding, AK Donato, D Parkinson, PMS Ferrara, EC Freire, PCC Guillemot, L Keith, M Kramer, M Wood, KS AF Camilo, F. Kerr, M. Ray, P. S. Ransom, S. M. Johnston, S. Romani, R. W. Parent, D. DeCesar, M. E. Harding, A. K. Donato, D. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Ferrara, E. C. Freire, P. C. C. Guillemot, L. Keith, M. Kramer, M. Wood, K. S. TI PSR J2030+3641: RADIO DISCOVERY AND GAMMA-RAY STUDY OF A MIDDLE-AGED PULSAR IN THE NOW IDENTIFIED FERMI-LAT SOURCE 1FGL J2030.0+3641 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: stars; pulsars: individual (PSR J2030+3641) ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; BLIND FREQUENCY SEARCHES; MILLISECOND PULSARS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; LIGHT CURVES; SLOT GAPS; EMISSION; POLARIZATION; ACCELERATION; RADIATION AB In a radio search with the Green Bank Telescope of three unidentified low Galactic latitude Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) sources, we have discovered the middle-aged pulsar J2030+3641 associated with 1FGL J2030.0+3641 (2FGL J2030.0+3640). Following the detection of gamma-ray pulsations using a radio ephemeris, we have obtained a phase-coherent timing solution based on gamma-ray and radio pulse arrival times which spans the entire Fermi mission. With a rotation period of 0.2 s, a spin-down luminosity of 3 x 10(34) erg s(-1), and a characteristic age of 0.5 Myr, PSR J2030+3641 is a middle-aged neutron star with spin parameters similar to those of the exceedingly gamma-ray-bright and radio-undetected Geminga. Its gamma-ray flux is 1% that of Geminga, primarily because of its much larger distance, as suggested by the large integrated column density of free electrons, DM = 246 pc cm(-3). We fit the gamma-ray light curve, along with limited radio polarimetric constraints, to four geometrical models of magnetospheric emission, and while none of the fits have high significance some are encouraging and suggest that further refinements of these models may be worthwhile. We argue that not many more non-millisecond radio pulsars may be detected along the Galactic plane that are responsible for LAT sources, but that modified methods to search for gamma-ray pulsations should be productive-PSR J2030+3641 would have been found blindly in gamma rays if only >= 0.8 GeV photons had been considered, owing to its relatively flat spectrum and location in a region of high soft background. C1 [Camilo, F.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Kerr, M.; Romani, R. W.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Kerr, M.; Romani, R. W.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ray, P. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ransom, S. M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Johnston, S.; Keith, M.] Australia Telescope Natl Facil, CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Parent, D.] George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [DeCesar, M. E.; Harding, A. K.; Donato, D.; Ferrara, E. C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Donato, D.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Donato, D.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Donato, D.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Freire, P. C. C.; Guillemot, L.; Kramer, M.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Kramer, M.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RP Camilo, F (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM fernando@astro.columbia.edu; kerrm@stanford.edu; Paul.Ray@nrl.navy.mil RI Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; OI Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278; Ransom, Scott/0000-0001-5799-9714 FU NASA [PF0-110073, NAS8-03060] FX The GBT is operated by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Support for this work was provided by NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship Award Number PF0-110073 issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-03060. NR 54 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 2012 VL 746 IS 1 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/746/1/39 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 926VZ UT WOS:000302861300039 ER PT J AU Luna, M Karpen, JT DeVore, CR AF Luna, M. Karpen, J. T. DeVore, C. R. TI FORMATION AND EVOLUTION OF A MULTI-THREADED SOLAR PROMINENCE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona; Sun: filaments; prominences; Sun: magnetic topology ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; CORONAL LOOPS; THERMAL NONEQUILIBRIUM; QUIESCENT PROMINENCES; ALPHA FILTERGRAMS; ACTIVE-REGION; FILAMENT; DYNAMICS; FLOWS; MODEL AB We investigate the process of formation and subsequent evolution of prominence plasma in a filament channel and its overlying arcade. We construct a three-dimensional time-dependent model of an intermediate quiescent prominence suitable to be compared with observations. We combine the magnetic field structure of a three-dimensional sheared double arcade with one-dimensional independent simulations of many selected flux tubes, in which the thermal nonequilibrium process governs the plasma evolution. We have found that the condensations in the corona can be divided into two populations: threads and blobs. Threads are massive condensations that linger in the flux tube dips. Blobs are ubiquitous small condensations that are produced throughout the filament and overlying arcade magnetic structure, and rapidly fall to the chromosphere. The threads are the principal contributors to the total mass, whereas the blob contribution is small. The total prominence mass is in agreement with observations, assuming reasonable filling factors of order 0.001 and a fixed number of threads. The motion of the threads is basically horizontal, while blobs move in all directions along the field. We have generated synthetic images of the whole structure in an Ha proxy and in two EUV channels of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly instrument on board Solar Dynamics Observatory, thus showing the plasma at cool, warm, and hot temperatures. The predicted differential emission measure of our system agrees very well with observations in the temperature range log T = 4.6-5.7. We conclude that the sheared-arcade magnetic structure and plasma behavior driven by thermal nonequilibrium fit the abundant observational evidence well for typical intermediate prominences. C1 [Luna, M.] NASA, CRESST, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Luna, M.] NASA, Space Weather Lab, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [DeVore, C. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Luna, M (reprint author), NASA, CRESST, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RI DeVore, C/A-6067-2015; Karpen, Judith/E-1484-2012 OI DeVore, C/0000-0002-4668-591X; FU University of Maryland at College Park; people of CRESST; NASA through NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) at Goddard Space Flight Center; ISSI FX This work has been supported by the NASA Heliophysics SR&T program. M. L. also acknowledges support from the University of Maryland at College Park and the people of CRESST. Resources supporting this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) at Goddard Space Flight Center. All of us are grateful to our colleagues on international teams on solar prominences hosted by the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) in Bern, Switzerland, especially team leader N. Labrosse, and acknowledge the support of ISSI, where this work has been presented. Finally, we thank J. A. Klimchuk, T. A. Kucera, S. R. Habbal, and K. K. Reeves for helpful discussions. NR 63 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 2012 VL 746 IS 1 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/746/1/30 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 926VZ UT WOS:000302861300030 ER PT J AU Atwood, RE Urban, JJ AF Atwood, Rex E. Urban, Joseph J. TI Conformations of the Glycine Tripeptide Analog Ac-Gly-Gly-NHMe: A Computational Study Including Aqueous Solvation Effects SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-FORCE FIELD; POLARIZABLE CONTINUUM MODEL; ACCURATE AB-INITIO; ALANINE DIPEPTIDE; DENSITY FUNCTIONALS; PEPTIDE MODELS; GAS-PHASE; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; CHARGE-DISTRIBUTION; ENERGY SURFACES AB A computational study of the conformational preferences of the glycine tripeptide analog, Ac-Gly-Gly-NHMe, has been carried out. The molecule is considered in isolation as well as with a continuum model of aqueous solvation. In the absence of solvent, several low-energy conformers are found that exhibit turnlike structures including type I and type II beta turns. Upon consideration of aqueous solvation, two conformers, corresponding to the type I and II turn structures are found to be significantly lower in energy than all others. Results from ab initio molecular orbital theory calculations at MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ//MP2/6-311+G(d,p) are compared with those from density functional theory with B3LYP, omega B97X-D, B97-D, and M06-2X as well as several empirical force fields. C1 [Atwood, Rex E.; Urban, Joseph J.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Urban, JJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, 572 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM urban@usna.edu FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA); Naval Academy Research Office through the Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX Financial support for this work was provided from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) and the Naval Academy Research Office through the Office of Naval Research (ONR). A grant of computing time was also received from the DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program. This support is gratefully acknowledged. NR 62 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD FEB 9 PY 2012 VL 116 IS 5 BP 1396 EP 1408 DI 10.1021/jp206152d PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 888DX UT WOS:000299985100010 PM 22214366 ER PT J AU Raphael, MP Christodoulides, JA Mulvaney, SP Miller, MM Long, JP Byers, JM AF Raphael, Marc P. Christodoulides, Joseph A. Mulvaney, Shawn P. Miller, Michael M. Long, James P. Byers, Jeff M. TI A New Methodology for Quantitative LSPR Biosensing and Imaging SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; GOLD; ARRAYS; SPECTROSCOPY; SENSITIVITY; MICROSCOPY; SCATTERING; RESOLUTION AB A new quantitative analysis methodology for localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensing which determines surface-receptor fractional occupancy, as well as an LSPR imaging technique for the spatiotemporal mapping of binding events, is presented. Electron beam nanolithography was used to fabricate 20 X 20 arrays of gold nanostructures atop glass coverslips. A single biotinylated array was used to measure the association kinetics of neutravidin to the surface by spectroscopically determining the fractional occupancy as a function of time. By regenerating the same array, a reliable comparison of the kinetics could be made between control samples and neutravidin concentrations ranging from 1 mu M to SO nM. CCD-based imagery of the array, taken simultaneously with the spectroscopic measurements, reveals the binding of neutravidin to the surface as manifested by enhanced scattering over the majority of the resonance peak. The temporal resolution of the LSPR imaging technique was 200 ms and the spatial resolution was 8 mu m(2). C1 [Raphael, Marc P.; Christodoulides, Joseph A.; Mulvaney, Shawn P.; Miller, Michael M.; Long, James P.; Byers, Jeff M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Raphael, MP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 28 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 7 PY 2012 VL 84 IS 3 BP 1367 EP 1373 DI 10.1021/ac2023266 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 886OH UT WOS:000299863200027 PM 22235804 ER PT J AU Vo, TT Parrish, DA Shreeve, JM AF Vo, Thao T. Parrish, Damon A. Shreeve, Jean'ne M. TI 1,1-Diamino-2,2-dintroethene (FOX-7) in Copper and Nickel Diamine Complexes and Copper FOX-7 SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID 1,1-DIAMINO-2,2-DINITROETHYLENE; SALTS AB 1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (FOX-7) reacts readily with copper nitrate in an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide to form pea green Cu(FOX)(2)(H2O)(2) (5). FOX-7 complexes of copper and nickel supported by a variety of diamines including Cu(ea)(2)(FOX)(2)(H2O) (1), Cu(pn)(2)(FOX)(2) (2), Cu(bipy)(FOX)(2)(H2O)(4) (3a), Cu(bipy)(2)(FOX)(2)(H2O)(2.5) (3b), Cu(bipy)(FOX)(2)(DMSO)(2)center dot 2DMSO (3c), Cu(phen)(3)(FOX)(2)(H2O)(3) (4), (Ni)(2)(pben)(6)(FOX)(4)(NO3)(3)(H2O)(2) (6), and Ni(bipy)(3)(FOX)(2)(H2O)(4) (7a) were obtained via metathesis reactions with potassium-FOX (K-FOX). Surprisingly FOX-7, in the presence of Ni(II) and bipyridyl in a mixed solvent of methanol and dimethyl sulfoxide, gave a chelated FOX carbamate anion resulting in the compound Ni(bipy)2(FOX-CO2)center dot(DMSO) (7b). All metal salts were characterized by infrared, elemental analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction structures were obtained for compounds 1, 2, 3c, 6, and 7b. C1 [Vo, Thao T.; Shreeve, Jean'ne M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Parrish, Damon A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shreeve, JM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM jshreeve@uidaho.edu FU ONR [N00014-10-1-0097] FX T.V. and J.M.S. gratefully acknowledge the support of the ONR (N00014-10-1-0097). D.A.P. thanks ONR (N00014-11-AF-0-0002). NR 18 TC 19 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD FEB 6 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1963 EP 1968 DI 10.1021/ic202288t PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 895CV UT WOS:000300474700090 PM 22224456 ER PT J AU Chun, C Lee, MY Neta, B Dzunic, J AF Chun, Changbum Lee, Mi Young Neta, Beny Dzunic, Jovana TI On optimal fourth-order iterative methods free from second derivative and their dynamics SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Iterative methods; Order of convergence; Rational maps; Basin of attraction; Julia sets; Conjugacy classes ID SOLVING NONLINEAR EQUATIONS; ORDER AB In this paper new fourth order optimal root-finding methods for solving nonlinear equations are proposed. The classical Jarratt's family of fourth-order methods are obtained as special cases. We then present results which describe the conjugacy classes and dynamics of the presented optimal method for complex polynomials of degree two and three. The basins of attraction of existing optimal methods and our method are presented and compared to illustrate their performance. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Neta, Beny] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Chun, Changbum; Lee, Mi Young] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Math, Suwon 440746, South Korea. [Dzunic, Jovana] Univ Nis, Dept Math, Fac Elect Engn, Nish 18000, Serbia. RP Neta, B (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM cbchun@skku.edu; sisley9678@naver.com; bneta@nps.edu; jovana.dzunic@elfak.ni.ac.rs OI Neta, Beny/0000-0002-7417-7496 FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2011-0025877]; Serbian Ministry of Education and Science [174022] FX This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2011-0025877). The fourth author was partially supported by the Serbian Ministry of Education and Science under grant 174022. NR 21 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0096-3003 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD FEB 5 PY 2012 VL 218 IS 11 BP 6427 EP 6438 DI 10.1016/j.amc.2011.12.013 PG 12 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 879EH UT WOS:000299312000024 ER PT J AU Baker, DP Pattison, J AF Baker, Deane-Peter Pattison, James TI The Principled Case for Employing Private Military and Security Companies in Interventions for Human Rights Purposes SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHILOSOPHY LA English DT Article ID HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION AB The possibility of using private military and security companies to bolster the capacity to undertake intervention for human rights purposes (humanitarian intervention and peacekeeping) has been increasingly debated. The focus of such discussions has, however, largely been on practical issues and the contingent problems posed by private force. By contrast, this article considers the principled case for privatising humanitarian intervention. It focuses on two central issues. First, does outsourcing humanitarian intervention to private military and security companies pose some fundamental, deeper problems in this context, such as an abdication of a state's duties? Second, on the other hand, is there a case for preferring these firms to other, state-based agents of humanitarian intervention? For instance, given a state's duties to their own military personnel, should the use of private military and security contractors be preferred to regular soldiers for humanitarian intervention? C1 [Baker, Deane-Peter] USN Acad, Dept Leadership Eth & Law, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Pattison, James] Univ Manchester, Dept Polit, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RP Baker, DP (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Leadership Eth & Law, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM dbaker@usna.edu; james.pattison@manchester.ac.uk OI Pattison, James/0000-0002-4649-358X NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0264-3758 J9 J APPL PHILOS JI J. Appl. Philos. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 29 IS 1 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.1111/j.1468-5930.2011.00548.x PG 18 WC Ethics; Philosophy SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Philosophy GA 021HS UT WOS:000309876500001 ER PT J AU Marques, TA Thomas, L Martin, SW Mellinger, DK Jarvis, S Morrissey, RP Ciminello, CA DiMarzio, N AF Marques, Tiago A. Thomas, Len Martin, Stephen W. Mellinger, David K. Jarvis, Susan Morrissey, Ronald P. Ciminello, Carroll-Anne DiMarzio, Nancy TI Spatially explicit capture-recapture methods to estimate minke whale density from data collected at bottom-mounted hydrophones SO JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th EURING Analytical Meeting CY SEP 14-20, 2009 CL Ist Superiore Protezione Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), Pescara, ITALY SP EURING HO Ist Superiore Protezione Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA) DE Minke whale; Passive acoustic monitoring; Proximity detector; Spatially explicit capture recapture (SECR); OpenBUGS ID HIERARCHICAL MODEL; DATA AUGMENTATION; CETACEANS; WATERS AB Estimation of cetacean abundance or density using visual methods can be cost-ineffective under many scenarios. Methods based on acoustic data have recently been proposed as an alternative, and could potentially be more effective for visually elusive species that produce loud sounds. Motivated by a dataset of minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) "boing'' sounds detected at multiple hydrophones at the U.S. Navy's Pacific Missile Range Facility (PMRF), we present an approach to estimate density or abundance based on spatially explicit capture-recapture (SECR) methods. We implement the proposed methods in both a likelihood and a Bayesian framework. The point estimates for abundance and detection parameters from both implementation methods are very similar and agree well with current knowledge about the species. The two implementation approaches are compared in a small simulation study. While the Bayesian approach might be easier to generalize, the likelihood approach is faster to implement (at least in simple cases like the one presented here) and more readily amenable to model selection. SECR methods seem to be a strong candidate for estimating density from acoustic data where recaptures of sound at multiple acoustic sensors are available, and we anticipate further development of related methodologies. C1 [Marques, Tiago A.; Thomas, Len] Univ St Andrews, Ctr Res Ecol & Environm Modelling, St Andrews KY16 9LZ, Fife, Scotland. [Martin, Stephen W.] Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr Pacific, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Mellinger, David K.] Oregon State Univ, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Jarvis, Susan; Morrissey, Ronald P.; Ciminello, Carroll-Anne; DiMarzio, Nancy] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Thomas, L (reprint author), Univ St Andrews, Ctr Res Ecol & Environm Modelling, St Andrews KY16 9LZ, Fife, Scotland. EM len@mcs.st-and.ac.uk RI Marques, Tiago/A-5530-2010 OI Marques, Tiago/0000-0002-2581-1972 NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0021-8375 J9 J ORNITHOL JI J. Ornithol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 152 SU 2 BP S445 EP S455 DI 10.1007/s10336-010-0535-7 PG 11 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 016RZ UT WOS:000309538300015 ER PT J AU El-Mohammady, H Shaheen, HI Klena, JD Nakhla, I Weiner, MA Armstrong, AW AF El-Mohammady, Hanan Shaheen, Hind I. Klena, John D. Nakhla, Isabelle Weiner, Mattew A. Armstrong, Adam W. TI Specific IgA antibodies in the diagnosis of acute brucellosis SO JOURNAL OF INFECTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES LA English DT Article DE brucellosis; IgA antibodies and early diagnostic marker ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEINS; ACUTE FEBRILE ILLNESS; MICE; ABORTUS; MELITENSIS; INFECTION; ANTIGENS; HUMANS; EGYPT AB An Egyptian female with night sweats, headache, and back pain was diagnosed with acute brucellosis one week after returning from a North African country. Humoral immune responses to specific immunogenic proteins were investigated before and after treatment. ELISA was performed to detect levels of specific antibody (Ab) titers. Immunoblot analysis of Ab recognizing specific Brucella antigenic bands was also performed. IgA was detected on the day of disease onset. Specific agglutination titer was 1:160; it doubled three days later and treatment was implemented. Blood culture yielded Gram-negative coccobacilli after one month, confirmed as B. melitensis by AMOS-PCR. Immunoblotting revealed IgM Abs against two protein bands of 112 and 130-kDa observed only during the acute stage. On the other hand, the intensity of IgG Abs against 21 and 21.5-kDa protein bands positively correlated with the time of convalescence. Based on our observations we conclude that specific IgA levels may be used as an early diagnostic marker for Brucella and high molecular weight protein bands may be useful in the differentiation between acute and chronic brucellosis. C1 [El-Mohammady, Hanan; Shaheen, Hind I.; Nakhla, Isabelle] US Naval Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Weiner, Mattew A.] US Naval Med Res Ctr, Biol Def Res Directorate, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Armstrong, Adam W.] USN, Cent HIV Program, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. RP El-Mohammady, H (reprint author), US Naval Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. EM hanan.elmohammady.eg@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU [6000.000.000.E0501] FX This work was supported by work unit # 6000.000.000.E0501 NR 29 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU J INFECTION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES PI TRAMANIGLIO PA JIDC CENT OFF PORTO CONTE RICERCHE RES CTR, S P 55, PORTO CONTE CAPO CACCIA KM 8.400 LOC, TRAMANIGLIO, 07041, ITALY SN 1972-2680 J9 J INFECT DEV COUNTR JI J. Infect. Dev. Ctries. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 6 IS 2 BP 192 EP 200 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 967LC UT WOS:000305908300015 PM 22337851 ER PT J AU Kim, J Furukawa, Y Curry, KJ Bennett, RH AF Kim, Jinwook Furukawa, Yoko Curry, Kenneth J. Bennett, Richard H. TI ROLE OF CHITIN IN MONTMORILLONITE FABRIC: TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE OBSERVATIONS SO CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS LA English DT Article DE Chitin; Fabric; Flocculation; Hydrodynamic Diameter; Montmorillonite; Transmission Electron Microscopy ID MICROBIAL FE(III) REDUCTION; DYNAMIC LIGHT-SCATTERING; ORGANIC-MATTER; FLOC SIZE; CLAY; MARINE; SEDIMENTS; MINERALIZATION; PERMEABILITY; AGGREGATION AB Particle concentration, charge, solution chemistry (i.e. ionic strength), and the nature of organic matter (OM) are the major factors controlling particle flocculation in aqueous environments. In the present study, the nature of clay fabric associated with clay OM interaction at a range of ionic strengths was the focus. In the flocculation experiments, the aqueous suspension of montmorillonite and chitin was mixed with NaCl/MgSO4 electrolyte solution. Advanced sample-preparation techniques and visualization methods using transmission electron microscopy were used to observe directly the micro- and nano-scale clay-OM fabric of the resulting flocs. Such direct observation elucidated the role of OM in clay flocculation; few attempts have been made in the past due to the technical difficulties in preserving the original structure. A comparison of clay fabric at two different ionic strengths of 0 and 0.14 M revealed that the individual hexagonal clay particles settled slowly with little intra-aggregate void space (void ratio: 0.07) at 0 M while rapid flocculation and settling of clay particles at 0.14 M, with or without OM, resulted in a more open fabric with greater void space (void ratio: 0.33). The silver-staining technique demonstrated effectively the location of electron-transparent chitin in montmorillonite aggregates. Chitin appeared to link the face-to-face (EF) contacts of clay domains by bridging between negatively charged face surfaces. However, the resultant void ratio and the average hydrodynamic diameter (d(H)) values were lower than in the OM-free system after flocculation. The results indicated that the interplay between ionic strength and OM content affected the floc architecture and void ratio. C1 [Kim, Jinwook] Yonsei Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Furukawa, Yoko] USN, Res Lab, Seafloor Sci Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Curry, Kenneth J.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Bennett, Richard H.] SEAPROBE Inc, Picayune, MS 39466 USA. RP Kim, J (reprint author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea. EM jinwook@yonsei.ac.kr RI Furukawa, Yoko/B-3099-2013 FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology [20110013407]; ONR/NRL [0601153N]; National Science Foundation [OCE-0824566, OCE-0930685, OCE-0824569, OCE-0930879] FX The research described here was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (20110013407) to Jinwook Kim, ONR/NRL Core 6.1 funding (PE#0601153N) to Yoko Furukawa, and was partially supported by grants from the National Science Foundation to R. Bennett (OCE-0824566 and OCE-0930685) and K. Curry (OCE-0824569 and OCE-0930879). NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 16 PU CLAY MINERALS SOC PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY, STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA SN 0009-8604 J9 CLAY CLAY MINER JI Clay Clay Min. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 60 IS 1 BP 89 EP 98 DI 10.1346/CCMN.2012.0600108 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy; Soil Science SC Chemistry; Geology; Mineralogy; Agriculture GA 930MW UT WOS:000303144500008 ER PT J AU Blaylock, JM Byers, DK Gibbs, BT Nayak, G Ferguson, M Tribble, DR Porter, C Decker, CF AF Blaylock, J. M. Byers, D. K. Gibbs, B. T. Nayak, G. Ferguson, M. Tribble, D. R. Porter, C. Decker, C. F. TI Longitudinal assessment of cardiac diastolic function in HIV-infected patients SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV infection; cardiac; cardiovascular disease; diastolic dysfunction; echocardiography ID RECEIVING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; ENDOTHELIAL ACTIVATION MARKERS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; COLLABORATIVE ANALYSIS; HEART-FAILURE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; CLINICAL-TRIALS; RISK-FACTORS; DYSFUNCTION; PREVALENCE AB Asymptomatic isolated diastolic dysfunction (DD), with normal left ventricular systolic function, may be the first indication of underlying cardiac disease in HIV-negative populations. We previously reported a high prevalence (37%) of DD among asymptomatic HIV-infected patients at low risk for AIDS and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We performed a longitudinal assessment of interval echocardiographic changes in this cohort over a four-year period. Repeat transthoracic echocardiograms (TTEs) utilized standard techniques. Sixty (of the original 91) HIV-infected patients, predominately men, underwent repeat TTE (median follow-up 3.7 years, interquartile range [IQR] 3.5, 4.0). Cohort characteristics (median; IQR) include age 42.0 (36.5, 46.0) years, HIV duration 16.4 years (8.1, 18.9), current CD4 count 572.0 cells/mm(3) (436.5, 839.0), antiretroviral therapy (ART) duration 8.1 years,(4.8, 13.4) and Framingham risk score 1.0 (0.0, 2.0). DD was observed in 28/60 patients on re-evaluation (47%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 34%, 60%); 31% (11/36) of patients had new onset DD for an overall incidence of 8.2/100 person-years. On follow-up, subjects with DD were older, had a trend towards higher body mass index, hypertension and longer duration of HIV infection compared with subjects: without DD. We confirmed a high prevalence of DD (47%) in asymptomatic HIV-infected patients at low risk for AIDS and CVD. C1 [Decker, C. F.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Blaylock, J. M.; Gibbs, B. T.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Tribble, D. R.] Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD USA. [Tribble, D. R.; Decker, C. F.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD USA. [Porter, C.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Decker, CF (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM Catherine.Decker@med.navy.mil NR 42 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND SN 0956-4624 J9 INT J STD AIDS JI Int. J. STD AIDS PD FEB PY 2012 VL 23 IS 2 BP 105 EP 110 DI 10.1258/ijsa.2011.011099 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 929WK UT WOS:000303096200006 PM 22422684 ER PT J AU Bernhardt, PA Fernsler, RF AF Bernhardt, Paul A. Fernsler, Richard F. TI Electric Field Amplification inside a Porous Spherical Cavity Resonator Excited by an External Plane Wave SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE Externally excited spherical resonant cavity; gas breakdown; large electric fields AB A spherical polyhedron constructed from open surface polygons is an electromagnetic wave resonator that can be excited by an external plane wave. The resonant frequencies of the porous sphere depend on the radius of the sphere and the area of the openings in the surface of the sphere. The strength of the internal electric fields varies with the width of the conducting edges that comprise the polyhedron frame. At the optimum edge width, the external EM wave field excites the strongest internal field amplitudes. The WIPL-D EM simulation model is used to determine the optimum porous resonator for polyhedrons with 180 and 960 vertices. All of the cavity modes for a solid spherical cavity resonator can be excited in the porous spherical cavity resonator (PSCR). With a high resonator Q, an EM plane-wave of 1 V/m can excite an internal electric field of over 1000 V/m that takes finite time for fields to build up. The spherical cavity modes provide a variety of electric field distributions at the interior of the PSCR. The PSCR may be used to greatly increase the electric fields of a high power radio beam in order to produce isolated plasma clouds by neutral gas breakdown. C1 [Bernhardt, Paul A.; Fernsler, Richard F.] USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bernhardt, PA (reprint author), USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM paul.bernhardt@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX Manuscript received January 01, 2011; revised June 15, 2011; accepted July 21, 2011. Date of publication October 21, 2011; date of current version February 03, 2012. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 60 IS 2 BP 832 EP 839 DI 10.1109/TAP.2011.2173132 PN 2 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 924VV UT WOS:000302720300013 ER PT J AU Ajello, M Baldini, L Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Cutini, S de Angelis, A de Palma, F Dermer, CD Silva, EDE Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Enoto, T Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Fukazawa, Y Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Graham, P Grenier, IA Guiriec, S Gustafsson, M Hadasch, D Hayashida, M Hughes, RE Johnson, AS Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lionetto, AM Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Mazziotta, MN Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Pesce-Rollins, M Pierbattista, M Piron, F Pivato, G Raino, S Razzano, M Ritz, S Roth, M Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Schalk, TL Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Spandre, G Spinelli, P Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JG Thayer, JB Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Torres, DF Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vitale, V Waite, AP Winer, BL Wood, KS Wood, M Yang, Z Zimmer, S AF Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Enoto, T. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Fukazawa, Y. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Graham, P. Grenier, I. A. Guiriec, S. Gustafsson, M. Hadasch, D. Hayashida, M. Hughes, R. E. Johnson, A. S. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lionetto, A. M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Mazziotta, M. N. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Raino, S. Razzano, M. Ritz, S. Roth, M. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Schalk, T. L. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Torres, D. F. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Wood, M. Yang, Z. Zimmer, S. TI Limits on large extra dimensions based on observations of neutron stars with the Fermi-LAT SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE extra dimensions; gravity; neutron stars; core-collapse supernovas ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; EGRET; CATALOG AB We present limits for the compactification scale in the theory of Large Extra Dimensions (LED) proposed by Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos, and Dvali. We use 11 months of data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) to set gamma ray flux limits for 6 gamma-ray faint neutron stars (NS). To set limits on LED we use the model of Hannestad and Raffelt (HR) that calculates the Kaluza-Klein (KK) graviton production in supernova cores and the large fraction subsequently gravitationally bound around the resulting NS. The predicted decay of the bound KK gravitons to gamma gamma should contribute to the flux from NSs. Considering 2 to 7 extra dimensions of the same size in the context of the HR model, we use Monte Carlo techniques to calculate the expected differential flux of gamma-rays arising from these KK gravitons, including the effects of the age of the NS, graviton orbit, and absorption of gamma-rays in the magnetosphere of the NS. We compare our Monte Carlo-based differential flux to the experimental differential flux using maximum likelihood techniques to obtain our limits on LED. Our limits are more restrictive than past EGRET-based optimistic limits that do not include these important corrections. Additionally, our limits are more stringent than LHC based limits for 3 or fewer LED, and comparable for 4 LED. We conclude that if the effective Planck scale is around a TeV, then for 2 or 3 LED the compactification topology must be more complicated than a torus. C1 [Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Enoto, T.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Graham, P.; Hayashida, M.; Hughes, R. E.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Enoto, T.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Graham, P.; Hayashida, M.; Hughes, R. E.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.; Tinivella, M.] INFN Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] INFN Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Gustafsson, M.; Tibaldo, L.] INFN Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Pivato, G.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.] INFN Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.] Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, CNRS IN2P3, Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.; Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEE CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Pierbattista, M.] CEA IRFU CNRS Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, Serv Astrophys, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Chekhtman, A.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Ciprini, S.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, F-34095 Montpellier 05, France. [Conrad, J.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.] Royal Swedish Acad Sci Res, Stockholm, Sweden. [Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Grp Collegato Udine, INFN Sez Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dermer, C. D.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ferrara, E. C.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Mizuno, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeron Res CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hughes, R. E.] Kyoto Univ, Dept Astron, Grad Sch Sci, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Johnson, A. S.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Katagiri, H.] Ibaraki Univ, Coll Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Mito, Ibaraki 3108512, Japan. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.] IRAP, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knoedlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, GAHEC, UPS OMP, IRAP, Toulouse, France. [Latronico, L.] INFN Sezioine Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Lionetto, A. M.; Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] INFN Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Lionetto, A. M.; Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Phys, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Okumura, A.; Ozaki, M.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tajima, H.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Troja, E.] NASA Postdoctoral Program, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Vianello, G.] Consorzio Interuniv Fis Spaziale CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. RP Ajello, M (reprint author), Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM bijanb@alumni.stanford.edu; bberenji@uci.edu; johann.cohen-tanugi@lupm.in2p3.fr RI Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Do, Changwoo/A-9670-2011; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; OI Do, Changwoo/0000-0001-8358-8417; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Graham, Peter/0000-0002-1600-1601; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique / Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France FX The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique / Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden.; Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD FEB PY 2012 IS 2 AR 012 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2012/02/012 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 904EE UT WOS:000301176000013 ER PT J AU Gilbreath, GC AF Gilbreath, G. Charmaine TI From Wheatstone to Cameron and beyond: overview in 3-D and 4-D imaging technology SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE realtime interactive 3-D imaging; 3-D and 4-D imaging; realtime holography; telesurgery; stereoscopy; multi-view stereoscopy AB This paper reviews three-dimensional (3-D) and four-dimensional (4-D) imaging technology, from Wheatstone through today, with some prognostications for near future applications. This field is rich in variety, subject specialty, and applications. A major trend, multi-view stereoscopy, is moving the field forward to real-time wide-angle 3-D reconstruction as breakthroughs in parallel processing and multiprocessor computers enable very fast processing. Real-time holography meets 4-D imaging reconstruction at the goal of achieving real-time, interactive, 3-D imaging. Applications to telesurgery and telemedicine as well as to the needs of the defense and intelligence communities are also discussed. (C) 2012 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.OE.51.2.021102] C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gilbreath, GC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Charmaine.gilbreath@nrl.navy.mil NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 51 IS 2 AR 021102 DI 10.1117/1.OE.51.2.021102 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 925RS UT WOS:000302779500004 ER PT J AU Gilbreath, GC Lipton, L AF Gilbreath, G. Charmaine Lipton, Lenny TI 3-D and 4-D Imaging Techniques and Applications SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Gilbreath, G. Charmaine] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gilbreath, GC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM charmaine.gilbreath@nrl.navy.mil; Lipton3D@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 51 IS 2 AR 021101 DI 10.1117/1.OE.51.2.021101 PG 1 WC Optics SC Optics GA 925RS UT WOS:000302779500003 ER PT J AU Pelizzo, MG Fineschi, S Corso, AJ Zuppella, P Nicolosi, P Seely, J Kjornrattanawanich, B Windt, DL AF Pelizzo, Maria Guglielmina Fineschi, Silvano Corso, Alain Jody Zuppella, Paola Nicolosi, Piergiorgio Seely, John Kjornrattanawanich, Benjawan Windt, David L. TI Long-term stability of Mg/SiC multilayers SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE extreme ultraviolet; multilayer; space instruments; space applications; SiC/Mg; aging ID EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET LITHOGRAPHY; LIGHT CORONAGRAPHIC IMAGER; NM WAVELENGTH; REFLECTIVITY; PERFORMANCE AB Mg/SiC multilayers have been selected to coat the primary and secondary mirrors of the SCORE (Sounding-rocket CORonagraphic Experiment) telescope, a part of the NASA HERSCHEL program. Their experimental reflectance at the He II 30.4 nm wavelength is twice as much that of standard Mo/Si multilayer coatings, with a large improvement of the instrument effective area. Nevertheless, their long-term stability still needs to be evaluated in order to consider them as a valuable candidate for instrumentation of a long term space mission. A study is carried out on different Mg/SiC samples designed and fabricated varying the structural parameters and/or the capping layer material and thickness, which have been monitored for four years after deposition. (c) 2012 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.OE.51.2.023801] C1 [Pelizzo, Maria Guglielmina; Corso, Alain Jody; Zuppella, Paola; Nicolosi, Piergiorgio] CNR, Inst Photon & Nanotechnol, LUXOR Lab, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Pelizzo, Maria Guglielmina; Corso, Alain Jody; Zuppella, Paola; Nicolosi, Piergiorgio] Univ Padua, Dept Informat Engn, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Fineschi, Silvano] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese, TO, Italy. [Seely, John] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kjornrattanawanich, Benjawan] Brookhaven Natl Lab, USRA, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Kjornrattanawanich, Benjawan] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Windt, David L.] Reflect Xray Opt LLC, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Pelizzo, MG (reprint author), CNR, Inst Photon & Nanotechnol, LUXOR Lab, Via Trasea 7, I-35131 Padua, Italy. EM pelizzo@dei.unipd.it FU Italian Space Agency [ASI/INAF/015/07/0, ASI/ INAF/Solar Orbiter]; CAssa di RIsparmio di PAdova e ROvigo (CARIPARO) Foundation-Bandi di Eccellenza FX The authors thank Prof. Ester Antonucci, INAF-OATO, Principal Investigator of METIS (Solar Orbiter) and SCORE, and Dr. A. Giglia for measurement at BEAR beamline. This work has been performed with the financial support of the Italian Space Agency (ASI/INAF/015/07/0 and ASI/ INAF/Solar Orbiter) and of the CAssa di RIsparmio di PAdova e ROvigo (CARIPARO) Foundation-Bandi di Eccellenza 2009/2010. The author thanks EU COST Action MP0601 "Short wavelength laboratory sources". NR 22 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 51 IS 2 AR 023801 DI 10.1117/1.OE.51.2.023801 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 925RS UT WOS:000302779500028 ER PT J AU Ferrer, G Cortezia, S Neumann, JM AF Ferrer, Geraldo Cortezia, Sandro Neumann, Jaqueline Morbach TI Green City SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE industrial ecology; industrial symbiosis; shoe and leather industry; sustainable operations; utility sharing; waste reduction ID INDUSTRIAL SYMBIOSIS AB This research analyzes the Green City project in the town of Tres Coroas, Brazil. We describe its management system, evaluating the change process and the economic, social, and environmental benefits since the recycling center has been in service. We demonstrate a successful case of operational and cultural change in the disposal of industrial waste, describing the key points that helped the adoption of a new set of procedures, and illustrating the role of the champion in the implementation of a symbiotic cluster. C1 [Ferrer, Geraldo] USN, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Cortezia, Sandro; Neumann, Jaqueline Morbach] Unisinos, Sao Leopoldo, Brazil. [Neumann, Jaqueline Morbach] Fac Cenecista, Nova Petropolis, Brazil. RP Ferrer, G (reprint author), USN, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM gferrer@nps.edu OI Ferrer, Geraldo/0000-0003-1395-6143 NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1088-1980 J9 J IND ECOL JI J. Ind. Ecol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 16 IS 1 BP 142 EP 152 DI 10.1111/j.1530-9290.2011.00442.x PG 11 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 909MZ UT WOS:000301570100016 ER PT J AU Lambrakos, SG Zervaki, AD Haidemenopoulos, GN AF Lambrakos, S. G. Zervaki, A. D. Haidemenopoulos, G. N. TI A Numerical Method for Inverse Thermal Analysis of Steady-State Energy Deposition in Plate Structures SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE aluminum; modeling processes; welding AB A numerical method for inverse thermal analysis of steady-state energy deposition in plate structures is constructed according to the general physical characteristics of energy deposition within a volume of material from a beam energy source. This numerical method represents implementation of a general methodology using basis functions that was introduced previously. The formal structure of the numerical method presented follows from a specific definition of the inverse heat transfer problem, which is well posed for inverse analysis of heat deposition processes. This definition is based on the assumption of the availability of information concerning spatially distributed boundary and constraint values. This information would be obtained in principle from both experimental measurements obtained in the laboratory, as well as numerical simulations performed using models having been constructed using basic theory. Experimental measurements include solidification cross sections, thermocouple measurements, and microstructural changes. C1 [Lambrakos, S. G.] USN, Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Ctr Computat Mat, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zervaki, A. D.; Haidemenopoulos, G. N.] Univ Thessaly, Dept Mech Engn, Volos 38334, Greece. RP Lambrakos, SG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Ctr Computat Mat, Code 6390, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM lambrakos@anvil.nrl.navy.mil RI Haidemenopoulos, Gregory/C-6496-2014 OI Haidemenopoulos, Gregory/0000-0001-9071-0118 FU Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); German Research Foundation DFG; Dr. Alexander Drenker of Fraunhofer-Institut fur Lasertechnik FX One of the authors (SGL) acknowledges the support by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) internal core program and active scientific collaboration with the University of Thessaly. The authors (ADZ, GNH) would like to thank the German Research Foundation DFG for the support of the depicted research within the Cluster of Excellence "Integrative Production Technology for High-Wage Countries" at RWTH Aachen University." Also ADZ acknowledges the support of Dr. Alexander Drenker of Fraunhofer-Institut fur Lasertechnik during experimental work. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 21 IS 2 BP 180 EP 190 DI 10.1007/s11665-011-9963-7 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 912KZ UT WOS:000301798200005 ER PT J AU Minton, TK Wright, ME Tomczak, SJ Marquez, SA Shen, LH Brunsvold, AL Cooper, R Zhang, JM Vij, V Guenthner, AJ Petteys, BJ AF Minton, Timothy K. Wright, Michael E. Tomczak, Sandra J. Marquez, Sara A. Shen, Linhan Brunsvold, Amy L. Cooper, Russell Zhang, Jianming Vij, Vandana Guenthner, Andrew J. Petteys, Brian J. TI Atomic Oxygen Effects on POSS Polyimides in Low Earth Orbit SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE hyperthermal atomic oxygen; polyimide; polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane; POSS; space environment; polymer erosion; low Earth orbit ID OLIGOMERIC SILSESQUIOXANE POLYIMIDES; HYPERVELOCITY SPACE DEBRIS; HYPERTHERMAL REACTIONS; SCATTERING DYNAMICS; HYDROCARBON SURFACE; O(P-3) COLLISIONS; VUV RADIATION; FEP TEFLON; POLYMERS; EROSION AB Kapton polyimde is extensively used in solar arrays, spacecraft thermal blankets, and space inflatable structures. Upon exposure to atomic oxygen in low Earth orbit (LEO), Kapton is severely eroded. An effective approach to prevent this erosion is to incorporate polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS.) into the polyimide matrix by copolymerizing POSS monomers with the polyimide precursor. The copolymerization of POSS provides Si and O in the polymer matrix on the nano level. During exposure of POSS polyimide to atomic oxygen, organic material is degraded, and a silica, passivation layer is formed. This silica layer protects the underlying polymer from further degradation. Laboratory and space-flight experiments have shown that POSS polyimides are highly resistant to atomic-oxygen attack, with erosion yields that may be as little as 1% those of Kapton. The results of all the studies indicate that POSS polyimide would be a space-survivable replacement for Kapton on spacecraft that operate in the LEO environment. C1 [Minton, Timothy K.; Marquez, Sara A.; Shen, Linhan; Brunsvold, Amy L.; Cooper, Russell; Zhang, Jianming] Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Tomczak, Sandra J.] USAF, AFRL RZSB, Motor Branch, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. [Vij, Vandana] USAF, ERC Inc, Mat Applicat Branch, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. [Wright, Michael E.; Petteys, Brian J.] USN, Res & Engn Sci Dept, Div Chem, NAVAIR, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Guenthner, Andrew J.] USAF, AFRL RZSM, Mat Applicat Branch, Res Lab, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. RP Minton, TK (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, 103 Chem Biochem Bldg, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM tminton@montana.edu RI Brunsvold, Amy/H-4315-2016 OI Brunsvold, Amy/0000-0001-9257-2978 FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); Air Force Office of Scientific Research [F49620-01-1-0276, LRIR-92PL0COR]; National Science Foundation [CHE-0943639] FX This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Grants F49620-01-1-0276 & LRIR-92PL0COR), and the National Science Foundation (CHE-0943639). NR 61 TC 36 Z9 40 U1 6 U2 68 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD FEB PY 2012 VL 4 IS 2 BP 492 EP 502 DI 10.1021/am201509n PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 897IW UT WOS:000300644500002 PM 22188314 ER PT J AU Fulmer, PA Wynne, JH AF Fulmer, Preston A. Wynne, James H. TI Coatings Capable of Germinating and Neutralizing Bacillus anthracis Endospores SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE endospores; germination; coatings; self-decontaminating; antimicrobial surfaces; Bacillus anthracis; surfaces ID SUBTILIS; SPORULATION; SPORES; PEPTIDOGLYCAN; MUTATIONS; OLIGOMERS; BIOCIDES; DYNAMICS AB Endospores are formed by various bacterial families, including Bacillus and Clostridium, in response to environmental stresses as a means to survive conditions inhospitable to vegetative growth. Although metabolically inert, the endospore must interact with its environment to determine an optimal time to return to a vegetative state, a process known as germination. Germination has been shown to occur in response to a variety of chemical stimuli from specific nutrient germinants including amino acids, sugars and nucleosides. This process is known to be mediated primarily by the GerA family of spore-specific receptor proteins which initiates a signal transduction cascade that results in a return of oxidative metabolism in response to germinant receptor interactions. Herein, we report the development of a novel coating system capable. of germinating B. anthracis endospores, followed by rapid killing of the vegetative bacteria by a novel incorporated amphiphilic biocide: The most effective formulation tested exhibited an ability to germinate and kill B. anthracis endospores and vegetative bacteria, respectively. The formulation reported resulted in a 90% reduction in as little as 5 min, and a 6 log reduction by 45 min. C1 [Fulmer, Preston A.; Wynne, James H.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wynne, JH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6100,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM james.wynne@nrl.navy.mil RI Fulmer, Preston/L-7702-2014 OI Fulmer, Preston/0000-0002-2981-576X FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX This work was funded by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and the Office of Naval Research (ONR). The authors thank Drs. Joanne Jones-Meehan and William Straube for their assistance in the preparation of this manuscript. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD FEB PY 2012 VL 4 IS 2 BP 738 EP 743 DI 10.1021/am201362u PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 897IW UT WOS:000300644500036 PM 22211260 ER PT J AU Jarosz, PR Shaukat, A Schauerman, CM Cress, CD Kladitis, PE Ridgley, RD Landi, BJ AF Jarosz, Paul R. Shaukat, Aalyia Schauerman, Christopher M. Cress, Cory D. Kladitis, Paul E. Ridgley, Richard D. Landi, Brian J. TI High-Performance, Lightweight Coaxial Cable from Carbon Nanotube Conductors SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE carbon nanotubes; lightweight coaxial cable; attenuation; high frequency; chemical treatment; performance enhancement ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; FIBERS; TRANSPORT; YARNS; FILMS AB Coaxial cables have been constructed with carbon nanotube (CNT) materials serving as both the inner and outer conductors. Treatment of the CNT outer and inner conductors with KAuBr4 was found to significantly reduce the attenuation of these cables, which demonstrates that chemical agents can be used to improve. power transmission through CNT networks at high frequencies (150 kHz-3 GHz). For cables constructed with a KAuBr4-treated CNT outer conductor, power attenuation per length approaches parity with cables constructed from metallic conductors at significantly lower weight per length (i.e., 7.1 g/m for CNT designs compared to 38.8 g/m for an RG-58 design). A relationship between the thickness of the CNT outer conductor and the cable attenuation was observed and used to estimate the effective skin depth at high frequency. These results establish reliable, reproducible methods for the construction of coaxial cables from CNT materials that can facilitate further investigation of their performance in high frequency transmission structures, and highlight a specific opportunity for significant reduction in coaxial cable mass. C1 [Landi, Brian J.] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Chem & Biomed Engn, Golisano Inst Sustainabil, NanoPower Res Labs, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Cress, Cory D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kladitis, Paul E.] USAF, Dept Elect Engn, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Landi, BJ (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Chem & Biomed Engn, Golisano Inst Sustainabil, NanoPower Res Labs, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM brian.landi@rit.edu OI Cress, Cory/0000-0001-7563-6693 FU Tyco Electronics; U.S. Government; Intelligence Community; Office of the Director of National Intelligence; Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [HDTRA-1-10-1-0122] FX The authors acknowledge Tyco Electronics for partial support and technical discussions. The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the U.S. Government, including a grant from the Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program through funding from the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, as well as the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under Grant HDTRA-1-10-1-0122. The authors also thank Nanocomp Technologies, Inc. for providing CNT materials used in this effort. NR 38 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 8 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD FEB PY 2012 VL 4 IS 2 BP 1103 EP 1109 DI 10.1021/am201729g PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 897IW UT WOS:000300644500087 PM 22272936 ER PT J AU McClatchey, SK Lane, RG Kubis, KC Boisvert, C AF McClatchey, Scott K. Lane, R. Gary Kubis, Kenneth C. Boisvert, Chantal TI Competency checklists for strabismus surgery and retinopathy of prematurity examination SO JOURNAL OF AAPOS LA English DT Article ID OPHTHALMOLOGY RESIDENCY; CATARACT-SURGERY; CURRICULUM; SKILLS AB PURPOSE To evaluate two checklist tools that are designed to guide, document, and assess resident training in strabismus surgery and examination of infants at risk for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). METHODS A panel of staff surgeons from several teaching institutions evaluated the checklists and provided constructive feedback. All former residents who had been trained via the use of these checklist tools were asked to take self-assessment surveys on competency in strabismus surgery and ROP examination. A Likert 5-point scale was used for all evaluations, with 1 being the lowest rating and 5 the highest rating. RESULTS Six experts in strabismus and seven in ROP rated the checklists. Their comments were used to revise the checklists, which were sent to the same group for reevaluation. The mean Likert score for the final checklists was 4.9 of 5.0 for both checklists. Of 16 former residents, 9 responded to the self-assessments with a mean overall score of 4.1 (of 5.0) for strabismus surgery and 3.9 for ROP examination. CONCLUSIONS These checklist tools can be used to assess the quality of a resident's training and experience in these specific ophthalmology skills. They are complementary to other curriculum and assessment tools and can serve to organize the educational experience while ensuring a uniformity of training. (J AAPOS 2012;16:75-79) C1 [McClatchey, Scott K.; Kubis, Kenneth C.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Diego, CA USA. [McClatchey, Scott K.; Kubis, Kenneth C.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [McClatchey, Scott K.] Loma Linda Univ, Med Ctr, Loma Linda, CA USA. [Lane, R. Gary] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Boisvert, Chantal] Univ New Mexico, Dept Surg, Div Ophthalmol, Hlth Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP McClatchey, SK (reprint author), USN, Bob Wilson Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Suite 202,34520 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM Scott.McClatchey@med.navy.mil NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1091-8531 J9 J AAPOS JI J. AAPOS PD FEB PY 2012 VL 16 IS 1 BP 75 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.jaapos.2011.09.008 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology; Pediatrics SC Ophthalmology; Pediatrics GA 905VQ UT WOS:000301304700019 PM 22370670 ER PT J AU Penano, J Sprangle, P Hafizi, B Gordon, D Fernsler, R Scully, M AF Penano, Joseph Sprangle, Phillip Hafizi, Bahman Gordon, Daniel Fernsler, Richard Scully, Marian TI Remote lasing in air by recombination and electron impact excitation of molecular nitrogen SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; TRANSPARENT MEDIA; LASER-PULSE; FILAMENTATION; FLUORESCENCE; HELIUM; PLASMA AB We analyze and simulate the physical mechanisms for a remote atmospheric lasing configuration which utilizes a combination of an ultrashort pulse laser to form a plasma filament of seed electrons, and a heater beam to heat the seed electrons. Nitrogen molecules are excited by electron impact and recombination processes to induce lasing in the ultraviolet. Recombination excitation, thermal excitation, gain, and saturation are analyzed and simulated. The lasing gain is sufficiently high to reach saturation within the length of the plasma filament. A remotely generated ultraviolet source may have applications for standoff detection of biological and chemical agents. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3681282] C1 [Penano, Joseph; Sprangle, Phillip; Gordon, Daniel; Fernsler, Richard] USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hafizi, Bahman] Icarus Res Inc, Bethesd, MD 20824 USA. [Scully, Marian] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Elect Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Scully, Marian] Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Scully, Marian] Princeton Univ, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Penano, J (reprint author), USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joseph.penano@nrl.navy.mil FU NRL [6.1] FX The authors are greatful to Dr. S. Suckewer and Dr. A. Zigler for useful discussions. This work was supported by NRL 6.1 funding. NR 32 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 3 AR 033105 DI 10.1063/1.3681282 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 902HS UT WOS:000301029800006 ER PT J AU Liebman, KA Stoddard, ST Morrison, AC Rocha, C Minnick, S Sihuincha, M Russell, KL Olson, JG Blair, PJ Watts, DM Kochel, T Scott, TW AF Liebman, Kelly A. Stoddard, Steven T. Morrison, Amy C. Rocha, Claudio Minnick, Sharon Sihuincha, Moises Russell, Kevin L. Olson, James G. Blair, Patrick J. Watts, Douglas M. Kochel, Tadeusz Scott, Thomas W. TI Spatial Dimensions of Dengue Virus Transmission across Interepidemic and Epidemic Periods in Iquitos, Peru (1999-2003) SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID AEDES-AEGYPTI DIPTERA; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM INFECTION; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; DISPERSAL; CULICIDAE; PATTERNS; THAILAND; VILLAGE; DETERMINANTS; SURVEILLANCE AB Background: Knowledge of spatial patterns of dengue virus (DENV) infection is important for understanding transmission dynamics and guiding effective disease prevention strategies. Because movement of infected humans and mosquito vectors plays a role in the spread and persistence of virus, spatial dimensions of transmission can range from small household foci to large community clusters. Current understanding is limited because past analyses emphasized clinically apparent illness and did not account for the potentially large proportion of inapparent infections. In this study we analyzed both clinically apparent and overall infections to determine the extent of clustering among human DENV infections. Methodology/Principal Findings: We conducted spatial analyses at global and local scales, using acute case and seroconversion data from a prospective longitudinal cohort in Iquitos, Peru, from 1999-2003. Our study began during a period of interepidemic DENV-1 and DENV-2 transmission and transitioned to epidemic DENV-3 transmission. Infection status was determined by seroconversion based on plaque neutralization testing of sequential blood samples taken at approximately six-month intervals, with date of infection assigned as the middate between paired samples. Each year was divided into three distinct seasonal periods of DENV transmission. Spatial heterogeneity was detected in baseline seroprevalence for DENV-1 and DENV-2. Cumulative DENV-3 seroprevalence calculated by trimester from 2001-2003 was spatially similar to preexisting DENV-1 and DENV-2 seroprevalence. Global clustering (case-control Ripley's K statistic) appeared at radii of similar to 200-800 m. Local analyses (Kuldorf spatial scan statistic) identified eight DENV-1 and 15 DENV-3 clusters from 1999-2003. The number of seroconversions per cluster ranged from 3-34 with radii from zero (a single household) to 750 m; 65% of clusters had radii >100 m. No clustering was detected among clinically apparent infections. Conclusions/Significance: Seroprevalence of previously circulating DENV serotypes can be a predictor of transmission risk for a different invading serotype and, thus, identify targets for strategically placed surveillance and intervention. Seroprevalence of a specific serotype is also important, but does not preclude other contributing factors, such as mosquito density, in determining where transmission of that virus will occur. Regardless of the epidemiological context or virus serotype, human movement appears to be an important factor in defining the spatial dimensions of DENV transmission and, thus, should be considered in the design and evaluation of surveillance and intervention strategies. C1 [Liebman, Kelly A.; Stoddard, Steven T.; Morrison, Amy C.; Minnick, Sharon; Scott, Thomas W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Stoddard, Steven T.; Scott, Thomas W.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Morrison, Amy C.; Rocha, Claudio; Russell, Kevin L.; Olson, James G.; Blair, Patrick J.; Kochel, Tadeusz] USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Washington, DC USA. [Sihuincha, Moises] Hosp Apoyo Iquitos, Region Loreto, Peru. [Watts, Douglas M.] Univ Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. RP Liebman, KA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kaliebman@ucdavis.edu RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; Military Infectious Disease Research Program [S0025_02_LI]; Loreto Regional Health Department FX This research was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease and the Military Infectious Disease Research Program grant number S0025_02_LI. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; We thank the residents of Iquitos, Peru, for allowing us to undertake this study in and around their homes. We greatly appreciate support of the Loreto Regional Health Department, including Drs. Carlos Calampa, Jorge Reyes, Ruben Naupay, Carlos Vidal, Hugo Rodriguez, and Martin Casapia, who all facilitated our work in Iquitos. Karla Block supervised the phlebotomy team and provided logistical support for the project. We thank Renan Ricarte Ruiz Chavez for processing blood samples and keeping the phlebotomy team happy and Leslye Angulo for tracking down student participants. Serological Surveys were carried out by Joel Cahuachi Tuesta, Jacqueline Cardenas Perez, Junnelhy Mireya Flores Lopez, Juan Flores Michi, Marcelina Flores Michi, Elga Lopez Guerrero, Xiomara Mafaldo Garcia, Nora Marin Moreno, Maria Juana Martinez Salas, Orfelinda Morales Tejada, Geraldine Ocmin Galan, Zenith Maria Pezo Villacorta, Zoila Martha Reategui Chota, Luis Riveros Lopez, Rubiela Nerza Rubio Briceno, Rosana Magaly Soltero Jimenez, Zenith Tamani Guerrero, Moises Tanchiva Tuanama, Sarita Del Pilar Tuesta Davila. Angelica Espinoza, Roxana Caceda, and Roger Castio for carrying out the serological testing, Carolina Guevara for supervision of the NMRCD virology laboratory, and Juan Perez for data management. Dr. Truman Sharp, Ms. Lucy Rubio, and Ms. Roxana Lescano of the U.S. Naval Medical Research Center in Lima, Peru, were instrumental in facilitating these studies. We also thank Brett Forshey, William K. Reisen, and David Smith for their comments on earlier drafts. NR 51 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 27 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 6 IS 2 AR e1472 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001472 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 901FX UT WOS:000300949200005 PM 22363822 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Allafort, A Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Belfiore, A Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bottacini, E Bregeon, J Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Chekhtman, A Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J de Angelis, A de Palma, F Dermer, CD Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dumora, D Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Focke, WB Fortin, P Fukazawa, Y Fusco, P Gargano, F Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hayashi, K Hays, E Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lee, SH Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Martin, P Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Mehault, J Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Naumann-Godo, M Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Parent, D Pesce-Rollins, M Pierbattista, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Parkinson, PMS Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, PD Spinelli, P Strong, AW Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JG Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Yang, Z Zimmer, S Bontemps, S AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Allafort, A. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Belfiore, A. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bottacini, E. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Chekhtman, A. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dumora, D. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Focke, W. B. Fortin, P. Fukazawa, Y. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hayashi, K. Hays, E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lee, S. -H. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Martin, P. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Mehault, J. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Naumann-Godo, M. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Parent, D. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, P. D. Spinelli, P. Strong, A. W. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Yang, Z. Zimmer, S. Bontemps, S. TI The cosmic-ray and gas content of the Cygnus region as measured in gamma-rays by the Fermi Large Area Telescope SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ISM: abundances; ISM: clouds; cosmic rays; gamma rays: ISM ID BLIND FREQUENCY SEARCHES; GALACTIC PLANE SURVEY; MILKY-WAY; SUPERNOVA REMNANT; INFRARED-EMISSION; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; DARK GAS; OUTER GALAXY; X-RAY; H-I AB Context. The Cygnus region hosts a giant molecular-cloud complex that actively forms massive stars. Interactions of cosmic rays with interstellar gas and radiation fields make it shine at gamma-ray energies. Several gamma-ray pulsars and other energetic sources are seen in this direction. Aims. In this paper we analyze the gamma-ray emission measured by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) in the energy range from 100 MeV to 100 GeV in order to probe the gas and cosmic-ray content on the scale of the whole Cygnus complex. The gamma-ray emission on the scale of the central massive stellar clusters and from individual sources is addressed elsewhere. Methods. The signal from bright pulsars is greatly reduced by selecting photons in their off-pulse phase intervals. We compare the diffuse gamma-ray emission with interstellar gas maps derived from radio/mm-wave lines and visual extinction data. A general model of the region, including other pulsars and gamma-ray sources, is sought. Results. The integral HI emissivity above 100 MeV averaged over the whole Cygnus complex amounts to [2.06 +/- 0.11 (stat.) (+0.15)(-0.84) (syst.)] x 10(-26) photons s(-1) sr(-1) H-atom(-1), where the systematic error is dominated by the uncertainty on the HI opacity to calculate its column densities. The integral emissivity and its spectral energy distribution are both consistent within the systematics with LAT measurements in the interstellar space near the solar system. The average X-CO = N(H-2)/W-CO ratio is found to be [1.68 +/- 0.05 (stat.) (+0.87)(-0.10) (H I opacity)] x 10(20) molecules cm(-2) (K km s(-1))(-1), consistent with other LAT measurements in the Local Arm. We detect significant gamma-ray emission from dark neutral gas for a mass corresponding to similar to 40% of what is traced by CO. The total interstellar mass in the Cygnus complex inferred from its gamma-ray emission amounts to 8 (+5)(-1) x 10(6) M-circle dot at a distance of 1.4 kpc. Conclusions. Despite the conspicuous star formation activity and high masses of the interstellar clouds, the cosmic-ray population in the Cygnus complex averaged over a few hundred parsecs is similar to that of the local interstellar space. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bottacini, E.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kerr, M.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, O.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bottacini, E.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kerr, M.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, O.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Naumann-Godo, M.; Pierbattista, M.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, Lab AIM,CEA,IRFU,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Belfiore, A.; Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.; Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEE CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Chekhtman, A.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Ciprini, S.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Mehault, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, Montpellier, France. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dermer, C. D.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dumora, D.; Lott, B.; Reposeur, T.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Hayashi, K.; Mizuno, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Katagiri, H.] Ibaraki Univ, Coll Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Mito, Ibaraki 3108512, Japan. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.] IRAP, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knoedlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, UPS, OMP, IRAP, Toulouse, France. [Lee, S. -H.] Kyoto Univ, Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Martin, P.; Orlando, E.; Strong, A. W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Phys, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Okumura, A.; Ozaki, M.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Parent, D.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Ritz, S.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Ritz, S.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.; Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Tramacere, A.] INTEGRAL Sci Data Ctr, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Troja, E.] NASA, Postdoctoral Program, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Bontemps, S.] Univ Bordeaux, CNRS, INSU, Lab Astrophys Bordeaux, Floirac, France. RP Ackermann, M (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM isabelle.grenier@cea.fr; luigi.tibaldo@pd.infn.it RI Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; OI Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Department of Energy in the US; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT, as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the US, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. We made use of data from the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey (CGPS). CGPS is a Canadian project with international partners. The Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory is operated as a national facility by the National Research Council of Canada. The CGPS is supported by a grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. We thank T. M. Dame for providing the moment-masked CO data. NR 72 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 538 AR A71 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201117539 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 897AX UT WOS:000300614100071 ER PT J AU Giroletti, M Hada, K Giovannini, G Casadio, C Beilicke, M Cesarini, A Cheung, CC Doi, A Krawczynski, H Kino, M Lee, NP Nagai, H AF Giroletti, M. Hada, K. Giovannini, G. Casadio, C. Beilicke, M. Cesarini, A. Cheung, C. C. Doi, A. Krawczynski, H. Kino, M. Lee, N. P. Nagai, H. TI The kinematic of HST-1 in the jet of M 87 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: jets; radio continuum: galaxies; galaxies: nuclei ID RADIO GALAXY M87; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; CENTRAL BLACK-HOLE; VARIABILITY; KNOT; SITE AB Aims. We aim to constrain the structural variations within the HST-1 region downstream of the radio jet of M 87, in general as well as in connection to the episodes of activity at very high energy (VHE). Methods. We analyzed and compared 26 VLBI observations of the M 87 jet, obtained between 2006 and 2011 with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) at 1.7 GHz and the European VLBI Network (EVN) at 5 GHz. Results. HST-1 is detected at all epochs; we model-fitted its complex structure with two or more components, the two outermost of which display a significant proper motion with a superluminal velocity around similar to 4c. The motion of a third feature that is detected upstream is more difficult to characterize. The overall position angle of HST-1 has changed during the time of our observations from -65 degrees to -90 degrees, while the structure has moved by over 80 mas downstream. Our results on the component evolution suggest that structural changes at the upstream edge of HST-1 can be related to the VHE events. C1 [Giroletti, M.; Giovannini, G.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Hada, K.] Grad Univ Adv Studies SOKENDAI, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Hada, K.; Kino, M.; Nagai, H.] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Giovannini, G.] Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Casadio, C.] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain. [Beilicke, M.; Krawczynski, H.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Cesarini, A.] Natl Univ Ireland, Sch Phys, Galway, Ireland. [Cheung, C. C.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Cheung, C. C.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Doi, A.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Lee, N. P.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Giroletti, M (reprint author), INAF Ist Radioastron, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. EM giroletti@ira.inaf.it OI Cesarini, Andrea/0000-0002-8611-8610; Giovannini, Gabriele/0000-0003-4916-6362; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852 FU European Union [RI-261525]; national research councils FX We thank D. E. Harris for reading the manuscript. We acknowledge a contribution from the Italian Foreign Affair Minister under the bilateral scientific collaboration between Italy and Japan. e-VLBI research infrastructure in Europe is supported by the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. RI-261525 NEXPReS. The European VLBI Network is a joint facility of European, Chinese, South African and other radio astronomy institutes funded by their national research councils. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by AUI. NR 25 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 538 AR L10 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201218794 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 897AX UT WOS:000300614100163 ER PT J AU Garfinkel, S AF Garfinkel, Simson TI Digital forensics XML and the DFXML toolset SO DIGITAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Digital forensics xml; DFXML; Forensic tools; Forensic tool validation; Forensic automation AB Digital Forensics XML (DFXML) is an XML language that enables the exchange of structured forensic information. DFXML can represent the provenance of data subject to forensic investigation, document the presence and location of file systems, files, Microsoft Windows Registry entries, JPEG EXIFs, and other technical information of interest to the forensic analyst. DFXML can also document the specific tools and processing techniques that were used to produce the results, making it possible to automatically reprocess forensic information as tools are improved. This article presents the motivation, design, and use of DFXML. It also discusses tools that have been creased that both ingest and emit DFXML files. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Garfinkel, S (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, 900 N Glebe, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. EM slgarfin@nps.edu FU NSF [DUE-0919593] FX George Dinolt, Kevin Fairbanks, Christophe Grenier, Joshua Gross, Jesse Kornblum, Neal Krawetz, Alex Nelson, Adam Russell, Elisabeth Rosenberg, John Wulff, Tony Zuccaro and the anonymous reviewers all provided useful feedback and criticism regarding the design of DFXML. Portions of this work were funded by NSF Award DUE-0919593. NR 47 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1742-2876 J9 DIGIT INVEST JI Digit. Investig. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 8 IS 3-4 BP 161 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.diin.2011.11.002 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA 903PS UT WOS:000301131100003 ER PT J AU Ziegeler, SB Dykes, JD Shriver, JF AF Ziegeler, Sean B. Dykes, James D. Shriver, Jay F. TI Spatial Error Metrics for Oceanographic Model Verification SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FORECAST VERIFICATION; PRECIPITATION FORECASTS; IMAGE REGISTRATION; OPTICAL-FLOW; COEFFICIENTS; FIELDS AB A common problem with modern numerical oceanographic models is spatial displacement, including misplacement and misshapenness of ocean circulation features. Traditional error metrics, such as least squares methods, are ineffective in many such cases; for example, only small errors in the location of a frontal pattern are translated to large differences in least squares of intensities. Such problems are common in meteorological forecast verification as well, so the application of spatial error metrics have been a recently popular topic there. Spatial error metrics separate model error into a displacement component and an intensity component, providing a more reliable assessment of model biases and a more descriptive portrayal of numerical model prediction skill. The application of spatial error metrics to oceanographic models has been sparse, and further advances for both meteorology and oceanography exist in the medical imaging field. These advances are presented, along with modifications necessary for oceanographic model output. Standard methods and options for those methods in the literature are explored, and where the best arrangements of options are unclear, comparison studies are conducted. These trials require the reproduction of synthetic displacements in conjunction with synthetic intensity perturbations across 480 Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) temperature fields from various regions of the globe throughout 2009. Study results revealed the success of certain approaches novel to both meteorology and oceanography, including B-spline transforms and mutual information. That, combined with other common methods, such as quasi-Newton optimization and land masking, could best recover the synthetic displacements under various synthetic intensity changes. C1 [Ziegeler, Sean B.] High Performance Technol Inc, Reston, VA 20190 USA. [Dykes, James D.; Shriver, Jay F.] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. RP Ziegeler, SB (reprint author), High Performance Technol Inc, 11955 Freedom Dr,Suite 1100, Reston, VA 20190 USA. EM sziegeler@hpti.com NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 EI 1520-0426 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 29 IS 2 BP 260 EP 266 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-11-00109.1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 893WW UT WOS:000300389400009 ER PT J AU Metzler, AM Siegmann, WL Collins, MD AF Metzler, Adam M. Siegmann, William L. Collins, Michael D. TI Single-scattering parabolic equation solutions for elastic media propagation, including Rayleigh waves SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SLOPING INTERFACES; OCEAN; APPROXIMATIONS; STONELEY; BOTTOM; GUIDES AB The parabolic equation method with a single-scattering correction allows for accurate modeling of range-dependent environments in elastic layered media. For problems with large contrasts, accuracy and efficiency are gained by subdividing vertical interfaces into a series of two or more single-scattering problems. This approach generates several computational parameters, such as the number of interface slices, an iteration convergence parameter tau, and the number of iterations n for convergence. Using a narrow-angle approximation, the choices of n = 1 and tau = 2 give accurate solutions. Analogous results from the narrow-angle approximation extend to environments with larger variations when slices are used as needed at vertical interfaces. The approach is applied to a generic ocean waveguide that includes the generation of a Rayleigh interface wave. Results are presented in both frequency and time domains. (C) 2012 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3675554] C1 [Metzler, Adam M.; Siegmann, William L.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Collins, Michael D.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39522 USA. RP Metzler, AM (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Appl Res Labs, Austin, TX 78758 USA. EM adzler514@gmail.com FU Office of Naval Research FX Work supported by the Office of Naval Research. The work of A. M. M. was supported by the Office of Naval Research through an Ocean Acoustics Graduate Traineeship Award. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 131 IS 2 BP 1131 EP 1137 DI 10.1121/1.3675554 PN 1 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 895ID UT WOS:000300488800033 PM 22352488 ER PT J AU Foote, KG Hastings, MC Ketten, DR Lin, YT Reidenberg, JS Rye, K AF Foote, Kenneth G. Hastings, Mardi C. Ketten, Darlene R. Lin, Ying-Tsong Reidenberg, Joy S. Rye, Kent TI Sonar-induced pressure fields in a post-mortem common dolphin SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID MARINE MAMMALS; BEAKED-WHALES; BUBBLE-GROWTH; SOUND; CETACEANS; GAS AB Potential physical effects of sonar transmissions on marine mammals were investigated by measuring pressure fields induced in a 119-kg, 211-cm-long, young adult male common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) cadaver. The specimen was instrumented with tourmaline acoustic pressure gauges used as receiving sensors. Gauge implantation near critical tissues was guided by intraoperative, high-resolution, computerized tomography (CT) scanning. Instrumented structures included the melon, nares, ear, thoracic wall, lungs, epaxial muscle, and lower abdomen. The specimen was suspended from a frame equipped with a standard 50.8-mm-diameter spherical transducer used as the acoustic source and additional receiving sensors to monitor the transmitted and external, scattered field. Following immersion, the transducer transmitted pulsed sinusoidal signals at 5, 7, and 10 kHz. Quantitative internal pressure fields are reported for all cases except those in which the gauge failed or no received signal was detected. A full necropsy was performed immediately after the experiment to examine instrumented areas and all major organs. No lesions attributable to acoustic transmissions were found, consistent with the low source level and source-receiver distances. (C) 2012 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI: 10.11211.3675005] C1 [Foote, Kenneth G.; Ketten, Darlene R.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Hastings, Mardi C.] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Reidenberg, Joy S.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Ctr Anat & Funct Morphol, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Rye, Kent] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Dept Navy, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Ketten, Darlene R.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Otol & Laryngol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Foote, KG (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. EM kfoote@whoi.edu OI Reidenberg, Joy/0000-0002-4180-7156 FU NOPP through ONR [N000140710992]; ONR [N000140811231] FX The contributions of J. A. Clark, deceased, are gratefully acknowledged. W. H. Lewis and other colleagues at NSWC are thanked for participating in the experiment. J. Arruda and S. Cramer are thanked for diverse contributions. M. Parmenter is thanked for editorial assistance. Work supported by NOPP through ONR Grant No. N000140710992. Work at CSI additionally supported by ONR Grant No. N000140811231. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 26 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 131 IS 2 BP 1595 EP 1604 DI 10.1121/1.3675005 PN 1 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 895ID UT WOS:000300488800074 PM 22352529 ER PT J AU Branstetter, BK Moore, PW Finneran, JJ Tormey, MN Aihara, H AF Branstetter, Brian K. Moore, Patrick W. Finneran, James J. Tormey, Megan N. Aihara, Hitomi TI Directional properties of bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) clicks, burst-pulse, and whistle sounds SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION BEAM PATTERN; WHALE PSEUDORCA-CRASSIDENS; ECHOLOCATION SIGNALS; LAGENORHYNCHUS-ALBIROSTRIS; STENELLA-LONGIROSTRIS; SOCIAL-ORGANIZATION; SONAR SIGNAL; PROPAGATION; MOVEMENT; SPINNER AB The directional properties of bottlenose dolphin clicks, burst-pulse, and whistle signals were measured using a five element array, at horizontal angles of 0 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, 135 degrees, and 180 degrees relative to a dolphin stationed on an underwater biteplate. Clicks and burst-pulse signals were highly directional with directivity indices of similar to 11 dB for both signal types. Higher frequencies and higher amplitudes dominated the forward, on-axis sound field. A similar result was found with whistles, where higher frequency harmonics had greater directivity indices than lower frequency harmonics. The results suggest the directional properties of these signals not only provide enhanced information to the sound producer (as in echolocation) but can provide valuable information to conspecific listeners during group coordination and socialization. (C) 2012 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3676694] C1 [Branstetter, Brian K.; Moore, Patrick W.] Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Finneran, James J.] USN, Marine Mammal Program, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Tormey, Megan N.; Aihara, Hitomi] G2 Software Syst Inc, San Diego, CA 92110 USA. RP Branstetter, BK (reprint author), Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, 2240 Shelter Isl Dr,204, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM brian.branstetter@nmmpfoundation.org FU Office of Naval Research; U.S. Navy FX We thank Victoria Bowman and the trainers and interns at the U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program for their support. We thank an anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments and suggestions. We also acknowledge the dolphin HEP (also known as Heptuna and Tt018) for his 40+ years contributing to our understanding of dolphin bioacoustics. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 41 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 51 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 131 IS 2 BP 1613 EP 1621 DI 10.1121/1.3676694 PN 1 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 895ID UT WOS:000300488800076 PM 22352531 ER PT J AU Buckhout-White, S Ancona, M Oh, E Deschamps, JR Stewart, MH Blanco-Canosa, JB Dawson, PE Goldman, ER Medintz, IL AF Buckhout-White, Susan Ancona, Mario Oh, Eunkeu Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Stewart, Michael H. Blanco-Canosa, Juan B. Dawson, Philip E. Goldman, Ellen R. Medintz, Igor L. TI Multimodal Characterization of a Linear DNA-Based Nanostructure SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE DNA; AFM; TEM; voltammetry; FRET; DLS; characterization; gold nanoparticles; fluorophore; Os-bipy; semiconductor; metrology; quantum dot; electrophoresis; modeling ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; SINGLE-STRANDED-DNA; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; QUANTUM DOTS; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; PERSISTENCE LENGTH; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; PROTEIN; ORIGAMI; ARRAYS AB Designer DNA structures have garnered much interest as a way of assembling novel nanoscale architectures with exquisite control over the positioning of discrete molecules or nanoparticles. Exploiting this potential for a variety of applications such as light-harvesting, molecular electronics, or biosensing is contingent on the degree to which various nanoarchitectures with desired molecular functionalizations can be realized, and this depends critically on characterization. Many techniques exist for analyzing DNA-organized nanostructures; however, these are almost never used in concert because of overlapping concerns about their differing character, measurement environments, and the disparity in DNA modification chemistries and probe structure or size. To assess these concerns and to see what might be gleaned from a multimodal characterization, we Intensively study a single DNA nanostructure using a multiplicity of methods. Our test bed is a linear 100 base-pair double-stranded DNA that has been modified by a variety of chemical handles, dyes, semiconductor quantum dots, gold nanoparticles, and electroactive labels. To this we apply a combination of physical/optical characterization methods Including electrophoresis, atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, Forster resonance energy transfer, voltammetry, and structural modeling. In general, the results indicate that the differences among the techniques are not so large as to prevent their effective use in combination, that the data tend to be corroborative, and that differences observed among them can actually be quite informative. C1 [Buckhout-White, Susan; Deschamps, Jeffrey R.; Goldman, Ellen R.; Medintz, Igor L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Oh, Eunkeu; Stewart, Michael H.] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ancona, Mario] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Buckhout-White, Susan] George Mason Univ, Manassas, VA 20110 USA. [Blanco-Canosa, Juan B.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Blanco-Canosa, Juan B.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Oh, Eunkeu] Sotera Def Solut, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010 FU ONR; NRL; NRL-NSI; DTRA; DARPA FX The authors thank M. Twigg and S. Trammel for assistance with the TEM imaging and the electrochemistry measurements and acknowledge ONR, NRL, NRL-NSI, DTRA, and DARPA for financial support. NR 61 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 71 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD FEB PY 2012 VL 6 IS 2 BP 1026 EP 1043 DI 10.1021/nn204680r PG 18 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 898QW UT WOS:000300757900006 PM 22257317 ER PT J AU Palmsten, ML Holman, RA AF Palmsten, Margaret L. Holman, Robert A. TI Laboratory investigation of dune erosion using stereo video SO COASTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Stereo imaging; Dune erosion; Wave runup; Remote sensing ID SCALE; IMPACT; RUNUP; COAST AB Simple parameterizations of dune erosion are necessary for forecasting erosion potential prior to an oncoming storm. Dune erosion may be parameterized in terms of the elevation of the total water level (composed of surge, tide, and wave runup) above the dune base and period of exposure of the dune to waves. In this work, we test several versions of this model using observations from a large wave tank experiment designed to model a storm hydrograph, and we develop a new method for acquiring the appropriate data with confidence intervals using stereo video techniques. The stereo method results in observations of dune morphology at higher spatial and temporal resolutions than traditional survey methods allow. Resolution of the stereo technique was 0.1 m in the horizontal and 0.04 m in the vertical, and errors in stereo observations were on the order of 0.02 to 0.08 m (1 to 2 pixels) when compared with surveys. A new method was developed to estimate confidence intervals on stereo observations. When the unchanging dune top was repeatedly sampled, the new confidence intervals encompassed 2 standard deviations of scatter about the mean dune surface 98% of the time. Observations from the stereo method were used to quantify wave runup and dune erosion. We tested a variety of runup statistics based on a Gaussian distribution of swash properties, and found that the most predictive statistic for dune erosion was the 16% exceedance elevation above the dune base, lower than the often used 2% exceedance value. We found that the parameterization of runup was sensitive to the definition of beach slope and that the most accurate beach slope for predicting runup was through the region of the beach profile defined by the mean water level plus one standard deviation of swash. The dune base retreated along a relatively constant trajectory that was a half of the initial beach slope. Finally, a simple model for dune erosion was tested and found to reproduce 64% of the observed variance in dune erosion rate given known forcing at the dune and 49% of the observed variance in dune erosion rate given parameterized forcing. Integrating the simple model over time, 93% of the observed dune retreat distance was reproduced given offshore forcing. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Palmsten, Margaret L.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Palmsten, Margaret L.; Holman, Robert A.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Palmsten, ML (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, Code 7430, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM margaret.palmsten.ctr@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Oregon Sea Grant; United States Geological Survey; Office of Naval Research FX The authors would like to thank Linden Clarke for early development of the stereo code, John Stanley for his hard work on this and other Argus projects, and Peter Ruggiero and Tim Maddux for data collection and project development. This work was completed with funding from the Oregon Sea Grant, the United States Geological Survey, and the Office of Naval Research. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3839 J9 COAST ENG JI Coast. Eng. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 60 BP 123 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2011.09.003 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 900WF UT WOS:000300921700011 ER PT J AU Kawai, F Paek, S Choi, KJ Prouty, M Kanipes, MI Guerry, P Yeo, HJ AF Kawai, Fumihiro Paek, Seonghee Choi, Kyoung-Jae Prouty, Michael Kanipes, Margaret I. Guerry, Patricia Yeo, Hye-Jeong TI Crystal structure of JlpA, a surface-exposed lipoprotein adhesin of Campylobacter jejuni SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Crystal structure; Bacterial lipoprotein; JlpA; Campylobacter jejuni ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; DENSITY MODIFICATION; COLONIZATION; REFINEMENT; MODEL; PATHOGENESIS; ASSOCIATION; ACTIVATION; ADHERENCE AB The Campylobacter jejuni JlpA protein is a surface-exposed lipoprotein that was discovered as an adhesin promoting interaction with host epithelium cells, an early critical step in the pathogenesis of C. jejuni disease. Increasing evidence ascertained that JlpA is antigenic, indicating a role of JlpA in immune response during the infectious process. Here, we report the crystal structure of JlpA at 2.7 angstrom resolution, revealing a catcher's mitt shaped unclosed half p-barrel. Although the apparent architecture of JlpA is somewhat reminiscent of other bacterial lipoproteins such as LolB, the topology of JlpA is unique among the bacterial surface proteins reported to date and therefore JlpA represents a novel bacterial cell surface lipoprotein. The concave face of the structure results in an unusually large hydrophobic basin with a localized acidic pocket, suggesting a possibility that JlpA may accommodate multiple ligands. Therefore, the structure provides framework for determining the molecular function of JlpA and new strategies for the rational design of small molecule inhibitors efficiently targeting JlpA. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kawai, Fumihiro; Paek, Seonghee; Choi, Kyoung-Jae; Yeo, Hye-Jeong] Univ Houston, Dept Biol & Biochem, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Prouty, Michael; Guerry, Patricia] USN, Enter Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Kanipes, Margaret I.] N Carolina Agr & Tech Univ, Dept Chem, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. RP Yeo, HJ (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Biol & Biochem, Houston, TX 77204 USA. EM hyeo@uh.edu RI Guerry, Patricia/A-8024-2011 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NIH [AI068943]; Welch Foundation [E-1616]; Military Infectious Disease Research Program Work Unit [6000.RAD1. DA3.A0308] FX We thank Stephen J. Savarino for the gift of recombinant LTB and Lanfong Lee for providing wildtype JlpA for assay development. Results shown in this report are derived from work performed at Argonne National Laboratory, Structural Biology Center (19ID) at the Advanced Photon Source. Argonne is operated by UChicago Argonne, LLC, for the US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. This work was supported in part by NIH Grant AI068943 and Grant E-1616 from the Welch Foundation to H.-J.Y. and by the Military Infectious Disease Research Program Work Unit 6000.RAD1. DA3.A0308 to P.G. M.P. is a military service member and P.G. is a civilian employee of the US government. This work was prepared as part of their official duties. Title 17 USC 105 provides that 'Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the US government. Title 127 USC 101 defines a US government work as a work prepared by a military service member or employee of the US government as part of that person's official duties. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1047-8477 J9 J STRUCT BIOL JI J. Struct. Biol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 177 IS 2 BP 583 EP 588 DI 10.1016/j.jsb.2012.01.001 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 898PX UT WOS:000300755400046 PM 22245776 ER PT J AU Sanghera, J Kim, W Villalobos, G Shaw, B Baker, C Frantz, J Sadowski, B Aggarwal, I AF Sanghera, Jasbinder Kim, Woohong Villalobos, Guillermo Shaw, Brandon Baker, Colin Frantz, Jesse Sadowski, Bryan Aggarwal, Ishwar TI Ceramic Laser Materials SO MATERIALS LA English DT Review DE ceramics; laser materials; 100 KW; microchip lasers; ultrashort pulse; ceramic composites; non-oxide ceramics ID SOLID-STATE LASERS; DOPED YB-YAG; CRYSTALS; GENERATION; EFFICIENCY AB Ceramic laser materials have come a long way since the first demonstration of lasing in 1964. Improvements in powder synthesis and ceramic sintering as well as novel ideas have led to notable achievements. These include the first Nd:yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) ceramic laser in 1995, breaking the 1 KW mark in 2002 and then the remarkable demonstration of more than 100 KW output power from a YAG ceramic laser system in 2009. Additional developments have included highly doped microchip lasers, ultrashort pulse lasers, novel materials such as sesquioxides, fluoride ceramic lasers, selenide ceramic lasers in the 2 to 3 mu m region, composite ceramic lasers for better thermal management, and single crystal lasers derived from polycrystalline ceramics. This paper highlights some of these notable achievements. C1 [Sanghera, Jasbinder; Kim, Woohong; Villalobos, Guillermo; Shaw, Brandon; Baker, Colin; Frantz, Jesse] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sadowski, Bryan; Aggarwal, Ishwar] Sotera Def Solut, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Sanghera, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jas.sanghera@nrl.navy.mil; rick.kim@nrl.navy.mil; guillermo.villalobos@nrl.navy.mil; brandon.shaw@nrl.navy.mil; colin.baker@nrl.navy.mil; jesse.frantz@nrl.navy.mil; bryan.sadowski.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; ishaggar@nrl.navy.mil RI Baker, Colin/I-6657-2015 NR 43 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 6 U2 56 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1996-1944 J9 MATERIALS JI Materials PD FEB PY 2012 VL 5 IS 2 BP 258 EP 277 DI 10.3390/ma5020258 PG 20 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 898FT UT WOS:000300724000005 ER PT J AU Hopkins, PE Baraket, M Barnat, EV Beechem, TE Kearney, SP Duda, JC Robinson, JT Walton, SG AF Hopkins, Patrick E. Baraket, Mira Barnat, Edward V. Beechem, Thomas E. Kearney, Sean P. Duda, John C. Robinson, Jeremy T. Walton, Scott G. TI Manipulating Thermal Conductance at Metal-Graphene Contacts via Chemical Functionalization SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Graphene; thermal boundary conductance; chemical functionalization; adsorbates; bond strength; Raman spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; time domain thermoreflectance; sp(3) bonding ID LAYER GRAPHENE; TRANSPORT; CONDUCTIVITY; GRAPHITE; DIAMOND; FILMS AB Graphene-based devices have garnered tremendous attention due to the unique physical properties arising from this purely two-dimensional carbon sheet leading to tremendous efficiency in the transport of thermal carriers (i.e., phonons). However, it is necessary for this two-dimensional material to be able to efficiently transport heat into the surrounding 3D device architecture in order to fully capitalize on its intrinsic transport capabilities. Therefore, the thermal boundary conductance at graphene interfaces is a critical parameter in the realization of graphene electronics and thermal solutions. In this work, we examine the role of chemical functionalization on the thermal boundary conductance across metal/graphene interfaces. Specifically, we metalize graphene that has been plasma functionalized and then measure the thermal boundary conductance at Al/graphene/SiO2 contacts with time domain thermoreflectance. The addition of adsorbates to the graphene surfaces are shown to influence the cross plane thermal conductance; this behavior is attributed to changes in the bonding between the metal and the graphene, as both the phonon flux and the vibrational mismatch between the materials are each subject to the interfacial bond strength. These results demonstrate plasma-based functionalization of graphene surfaces is a viable approach to manipulate the thermal boundary conductance. C1 [Hopkins, Patrick E.; Duda, John C.] Univ Virginia, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Barnat, Edward V.; Beechem, Thomas E.; Kearney, Sean P.; Duda, John C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Baraket, Mira; Walton, Scott G.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Robinson, Jeremy T.] USN, Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hopkins, PE (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM phopkins@virginia.edu; scott.walton@nrl.navy.mil RI Robinson, Jeremy/F-2748-2010; Duda, John/A-7214-2011 FU National Science Foundation [CBET-1134311]; Sandia National Laboratories; National Research Council; Office of Naval Research; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX P.E.H. is grateful for funding from the National Science Foundation (CBET-1134311). P.E.H., T.E.B., and J.C.D. gratefully acknowledge support from the LDRD Program through Sandia National Laboratories. M.B. appreciates the support of the National Research Council. This work was partially supported by the Office of Naval Research. J.C.D. gratefully acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation through the Graduate Research Fellowship Program. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 46 TC 90 Z9 90 U1 5 U2 119 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 12 IS 2 BP 590 EP 595 DI 10.1021/nl203060j PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 887XW UT WOS:000299967800011 PM 22214512 ER PT J AU Liu, X Metcalf, TH Robinson, JT Houston, BH Scarpa, F AF Liu, Xiao Metcalf, Thomas H. Robinson, Jeremy T. Houston, Brian H. Scarpa, Fabrizio TI Shear Modulus of Monolayer Graphene Prepared by Chemical Vapor Deposition SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE graphene; shear modulus; internal friction; chemical vapor deposition; carbon; nanomechanics ID ELASTIC PROPERTIES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; RESONATORS; SHEETS; FILMS; OXIDE; TEMPERATURE AB We report shear modulus (G) and internal friction (Q(-1)) measurements of large-area monolayer graphene films grown by chemical vapor deposition on copper foil and transferred onto high-Q silicon mechanical oscillators. The shear modulus, extracted from a resonance frequency shift at 0.4 K where the apparatus is most sensitive, averages 280 GPa. This is five times larger than those of the multilayered graphene-based films measured previously. The internal friction is unmeasurable within the sensitivity of our experiment and thus bounded above by Q(-1) <= 3 X 10(-5), which is orders-of-magnitude smaller than that of multilayered graphene-based films. Neither annealing nor interface modification has a measurable effect on G or Q(-1). Our results on G are consistent with recent theoretical evaluations and simulations carried out in this work, showing that the shear restoring force transitions from interlayer to intralayer interactions as the film thickness approaches one monolayer. C1 [Liu, Xiao; Metcalf, Thomas H.; Robinson, Jeremy T.; Houston, Brian H.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Scarpa, Fabrizio] Univ Bristol, Bristol Ctr Nanosci & Quantum Informat, Bristol BS8 1FD, Avon, England. [Scarpa, Fabrizio] Univ Bristol, ACCIS, Bristol BS8 1TR, Avon, England. RP Liu, X (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM xiao.liu@nrl.navy.mil RI Robinson, Jeremy/F-2748-2010; Scarpa, Fabrizio/B-9465-2008 OI Scarpa, Fabrizio/0000-0002-5470-4834 FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. We thank Dr. Keith Perkins for his support in the material fabrication and annealing. NR 33 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 63 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 12 IS 2 BP 1013 EP 1017 DI 10.1021/nl204196v PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 887XW UT WOS:000299967800081 PM 22214257 ER PT J AU Hamlington, PE Krasnov, D Boeck, T Schumacher, J AF Hamlington, Peter E. Krasnov, Dmitry Boeck, Thomas Schumacher, Joerg TI Statistics of the energy dissipation rate and local enstrophy in turbulent channel flow SO PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA LA English DT Article DE Turbulent channel flows; Turbulent shear flows; Energy dissipation rate; Enstrophy ID DIRECT NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; LOW-REYNOLDS-NUMBER; BOUNDARY-LAYER; ISOTROPIC TURBULENCE; MECHANISMS; VORTICITY AB Using high-resolution direct numerical simulations, the height and Reynolds number dependence of highorder statistics of the energy dissipation rate and local enstrophy are examined in incompressible, fully developed turbulent channel flow. The statistics are studied over a range of wall distances, spanning the viscous sublayer to the channel flow centerline, for friction Reynolds numbers Re-tau = 180 and Re-tau = 381. The high resolution of the simulations allows dissipation and enstrophy moments up to fourth order to be calculated. These moments show a dependence on wall distance, and Reynolds number effects are observed at the edge of the logarithmic layer. Conditional analyses based on locations of intense rotation are also carried out in order to determine the contribution of vortical structures to the dissipation and enstrophy moments. Our analysis shows that, for the simulation at the larger Reynolds number, smallscale fluctuations of both dissipation and enstrophy show relatively small variations for z(+) greater than or similar to 100. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hamlington, Peter E.] USN, Res Lab, Lab Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Krasnov, Dmitry; Boeck, Thomas; Schumacher, Joerg] Ilmenau Univ Technol, Inst Thermodynam & Fluid Mech, D-98684 Ilmenau, Germany. RP Hamlington, PE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Lab Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM peterh@lcp.nrl.navy.mil RI Boeck, Thomas/C-2188-2017 OI Boeck, Thomas/0000-0002-0814-7432 FU DEISA Consortium through EU [RI-031513, RI-222919]; National Research Council; Emmy-Noether-Program; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); German-Israeli-Foundation [1072-6.14/2009] FX We thank the DEISA Consortium (www.deisa.eu), co-funded through the EU FP6 project RI-031513 and the FP7 project RI-222919, for support within the DEISA Extreme Computing Initiative. The computations were carried out on the Cray XT4 Cluster Hector at EPCC in Edinburgh. We wish to thank Florian Janetzko for assistance with the parallel input/output routines. PEH was supported by a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory. DK and TB were supported by the Emmy-Noether-Program and JS was supported by the Heisenberg Program of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). JS acknowledges partial support by the German-Israeli-Foundation under Grant 1072-6.14/2009. NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2789 EI 1872-8022 J9 PHYSICA D JI Physica D PD FEB 1 PY 2012 VL 241 IS 3 SI SI BP 169 EP 177 DI 10.1016/j.physd.2011.06.012 PG 9 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 899LA UT WOS:000300816200006 ER PT J AU Arya, R Dossantos, F Ohman-Strickland, P Merlin, MA AF Arya, Rajiv Dossantos, Frank Ohman-Strickland, Pamela Merlin, Mark A. TI Impact of trauma activation on the ED length of stay for nontraumatic patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CARE AB Introduction: Trauma activation prioritizes hospital resources for the assessment and treatment of trauma patient over all patients in the emergency department (ED). We hypothesized that length of stay (LOS) is longer for nontrauma patients during a trauma activation. Methods: A retrospective, case-control chart review was conducted in a level I trauma center. Cases consist of patients who present 1 hour before and after the presentation of the trauma activation. Controls were patients presenting to the ED during the same period exactly 1 week before and after the cases. Confounding variables measured included sex, age, arrivals, and census for the 3 areas. Results: Two hundred ninety-four trauma events occurred from January 1 until September 30, 2009. A significant difference was found between LOS of patients seen during a trauma activation with an average increase of 10.7 minutes in LOS (P = .0082; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.8-18.7). This difference is attributable to the middle acuity area of the ED, in which the average increase in LOS was 20.3 minutes (P = .0004; 95% CI, 9.1-31.5). Significant LOS difference was not found when a trauma activation had an LOS of less than 60 minutes (P = .30; 95% CI, -7.1-61.7 for trauma LOS <60 minutes vs P = .02; 95% CI, 1.6-18.0 for trauma LOS >= 60 minutes). Conclusion: This retrospective case-control chart review identified an increase in ED LOS for patient presenting during trauma activations. Resource prioritization should be accounted for during times when these critical patients enter the ED. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Arya, Rajiv; Merlin, Mark A.] UMDNJ Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Emergency Med, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Dossantos, Frank] USN, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Ohman-Strickland, Pamela] UMDNJ SPH, Dept Biostat, New Brunswick, NJ USA. RP Arya, R (reprint author), UMDNJ Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Emergency Med, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM rajiv.arya@rwjuh.edu NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0735-6757 J9 AM J EMERG MED JI Am. J. Emerg. Med. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 30 IS 2 BP 311 EP 316 DI 10.1016/j.ajem.2010.12.011 PG 6 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 891SP UT WOS:000300237200006 PM 21296528 ER PT J AU Chandrashekhar, MVS Chowdhury, I Kaminski, P Kozlowski, R Klein, PB Sudarshan, T AF Chandrashekhar, M. V. S. Chowdhury, Iftekhar Kaminski, Pavel Kozlowski, Roman Klein, P. B. Sudarshan, Tangali TI High Purity Semi-Insulating 4H-SiC Epitaxial Layers by Defect-Competition Epitaxy: Controlling Si Vacancies SO APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION AB Thick, high-purity semi-insulating (SI) homoepitaxial layers on 4H-SiC were demonstrated using a novel compensation scheme controlled by defect-competition epitaxy at C/Si ratios of 1.3-1.5. These showed resistivity of similar to 10(9) Omega cm. Comparison of secondary ion mass spectra between low-doped epilayers grown at C/Si ratio <1.3 and SI epilayers grown at C/Si ratio >1.3 showed little difference in residual impurity concentrations. A reconciliation of impurity concentration with measured resistivity indicated a compensating trap concentration of similar to 10(15) cm(-3) present only in SI epilayers. High-resolution photoinduced transient spectroscopy (HRPITS) identified them as Si vacancy related centers, with no detectable EH6/7 and Z(1/2) levels. Recombination lifetimes of similar to 5 ns suggest application in fast-switching power devices. (C) 2012 The Japan Society of Applied Physics C1 [Chandrashekhar, M. V. S.; Chowdhury, Iftekhar; Sudarshan, Tangali] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Kaminski, Pavel; Kozlowski, Roman] Inst Elect Mat Technol, PL-01919 Warsaw, Poland. [Klein, P. B.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chandrashekhar, MVS (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. FU ONR [N000141010530] FX The authors thank contract monitor Dr. H. Scott Coombe of ONR for his support (Grant No. N000141010530) of this research, and Drs. Kurt Gaskill and Rachael Myers-Ward at the Naval Research Laboratory for their assistance with the SIMS measurements. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 9 PU JAPAN SOC APPLIED PHYSICS PI TOKYO PA KUDAN-KITA BUILDING 5TH FLOOR, 1-12-3 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0073, JAPAN SN 1882-0778 J9 APPL PHYS EXPRESS JI Appl. Phys. Express PD FEB PY 2012 VL 5 IS 2 AR 025502 DI 10.1143/APEX.5.025502 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 897DV UT WOS:000300624900038 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Allafort, A Atwood, WB Baldini, L Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Bhat, PN Blandford, RD Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Briggs, MS Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Burgess, JM Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Connaughton, V Conrad, J Cutini, S Dennis, BR de Palma, F Dermer, CD Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Dubois, R Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Fortin, P Fukazawa, Y Fusco, P Gargano, F Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grillo, L Grove, JE Gruber, D Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Hayashida, M Hays, E Horan, D Iafrate, G Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, WN Kamae, T Kippen, RM Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Meegan, C Mehault, J Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Murphy, R Naumann-Godo, M Nuss, E Nymark, T Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Paciesas, WS Panetta, JH Parent, D Pesce-Rollins, M Petrosian, V Pierbattista, M Piron, F Pivato, G Poon, H Porter, TA Preece, R Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Ritz, S Sbarra, C Schwartz, RA Sgro, C Share, GH Siskind, EJ Spinelli, P Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Tanaka, Y Thayer, JB Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Tolbert, AK Tosti, G Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vitale, V von Kienlin, A Waite, AP Wilson-Hodge, C Wood, DL Wood, KS Yang, Z AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Allafort, A. Atwood, W. B. Baldini, L. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Bhat, P. N. Blandford, R. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Briggs, M. S. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Burgess, J. M. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Connaughton, V. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Dennis, B. R. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Dubois, R. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Fortin, P. Fukazawa, Y. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grillo, L. Grove, J. E. Gruber, D. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Horan, D. Iafrate, G. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Kippen, R. M. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Meegan, C. Mehault, J. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Murphy, R. Naumann-Godo, M. Nuss, E. Nymark, T. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Paciesas, W. S. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pesce-Rollins, M. Petrosian, V. Pierbattista, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Poon, H. Porter, T. A. Preece, R. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Ritz, S. Sbarra, C. Schwartz, R. A. Sgro, C. Share, G. H. Siskind, E. J. Spinelli, P. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Tanaka, Y. Thayer, J. B. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Tolbert, A. K. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. von Kienlin, A. Waite, A. P. Wilson-Hodge, C. Wood, D. L. Wood, K. S. Yang, Z. TI FERMI DETECTION OF gamma-RAY EMISSION FROM THE M2 SOFT X-RAY FLARE ON 2010 JUNE 12f SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; Sun: flares; Sun: particle emission; Sun: X-rays, gamma rays ID ACCELERATED-PARTICLE INTERACTIONS; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; HIGH-ENERGY-NEUTRON; SOLAR-FLARES; BURST MONITOR; ELECTRONS; SPECTROSCOPY; CALIBRATION; ABUNDANCES; COMPTON AB The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) M2-class solar flare, SOL2010-06-12T00: 57, was modest in many respects yet exhibited remarkable acceleration of energetic particles. The flare produced an similar to 50 s impulsive burst of hard X-and gamma-ray emission up to at least 400 MeV observed by the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor and Large Area Telescope experiments. The remarkably similar hard X-ray and high-energy gamma-ray time profiles suggest that most of the particles were accelerated to energies greater than or similar to 300 MeV with a delay of similar to 10 s from mildly relativistic electrons, but some reached these energies in as little as similar to 3 s. The gamma-ray line fluence from this flare was about 10 times higher than that typically observed from this modest GOES class of X-ray flare. There is no evidence for time-extended >100 MeV emission as has been found for other flares with high-energy gamma-rays. C1 [Ackermann, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Blandford, R. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Dubois, R.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Grillo, L.; Hayashida, M.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Panetta, J. H.; Petrosian, V.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Blandford, R. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Dubois, R.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Grillo, L.; Hayashida, M.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Panetta, J. H.; Petrosian, V.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Tinivella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Iafrate, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.; Sbarra, C.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Pivato, G.; Poon, H.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bhat, P. N.; Briggs, M. S.; Burgess, J. M.; Connaughton, V.; Guiriec, S.; Paciesas, W. S.; Preece, R.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.; Hadasch, D.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEE CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Casandjian, J. M.; Naumann-Godo, M.; Pierbattista, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, La AIM, CEA IRFU, CNRS,Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Chekhtman, A.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Cutini, S.] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Mehault, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Nymark, T.; Yang, Z.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Dennis, B. R.; Ferrara, E. C.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Schwartz, R. A.; Tolbert, A. K.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Murphy, R.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Gruber, D.; Orlando, E.; von Kienlin, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Hayashida, M.] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Iafrate, G.] Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astron Trieste, I-34143 Trieste, Italy. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Kippen, R. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Knoedlseder, J.] IRAP, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knoedlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, GAHEC, UPS OMP, IRAP, Toulouse, France. [Latronico, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Lott, B.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McEnery, J. E.; Share, G. H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Meegan, C.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Nymark, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ohno, M.; Okumura, A.; Tanaka, Y.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Parent, D.; Razzaque, S.] George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Wilson-Hodge, C.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Wood, D. L.] Praxis Inc, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA. RP Ackermann, M (reprint author), Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. EM michael.briggs@nasa.gov; dgruber@mpe.mpg.de; francesco.longo@trieste.infn.it; nicola.omodei@gmail.com; gerald.share@nrl.navy.mil RI Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Dennis, Brian/C-9511-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 OI Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; FU K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Fermi GI program FX Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research Fellow, funded by a grant from the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation.; We thank the referee for suggesting a more detailed examination of the delay between the hard X-ray bremsstrahlung and >30 MeV emission observed by LAT. The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden.; Co-authors Briggs, Murphy, Schwartz, Share, and Tolbert were partially funded by the Fermi GI program to conduct the joint spectroscopic studies presented in this paper. NR 45 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2012 VL 745 IS 2 AR 144 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/745/2/144 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 893AI UT WOS:000300326800042 ER PT J AU Finch, CT Zacharias, N Boyd, MR Henry, TJ Hambly, NC AF Finch, Charlie T. Zacharias, Norbert Boyd, Mark R. Henry, Todd J. Hambly, Nigel C. TI UCAC3 PROPER MOTION SURVEY. II. DISCOVERY OF NEW PROPER MOTION STARS IN UCAC3 WITH 0.'' 40 yr(-1) > mu >= 0.'' 18 yr(-1) BETWEEN DECLINATIONS-47 degrees and 00 degrees SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrometry; solar neighborhood; stars: distances; stars: statistics; surveys ID CCD ASTROGRAPH CATALOG; SUPERCOSMOS SKY SURVEY; SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD; NEARBY STARS; SOUTHERN SKY; -47-DEGREES; -90-DEGREES; ASTROMETRY; DWARFS AB We present 474 new proper motion stellar systems in the southern sky having no previously known components, with 0.'' 40 yr(-1) > mu >= 0.'' 18 yr(-1) between declinations -47 degrees and 0 degrees. In this second paper utilizing the U. S. Naval Observatory third CCD Astrograph Catalog (UCAC3) we complete our sweep of the southern sky for objects in the proper motion range targeted by this survey with R magnitudes ranging from 9.80 to 19.61. The new systems contribute a similar to 16% increase in the number of new stellar systems for the same region of sky reported in previous SuperCOSMOS Research Consortium On Nearby Stars (RECONS) surveys. Among the newly discovered stellar systems are 16 multiples, plus an additional ten components that are new common proper motion companions to previously known objects. A comparison of UCAC3 proper motions to those from Hipparcos, Tycho-2, Southern Proper Motion, and SuperCOSMOS indicates that all proper motions are consistent to similar to 10 mas yr(-1), with the exception of SuperCOSMOS. Distance estimates are derived for all stellar systems having SuperCOSMOS Sky Survey B-J, R-59F, and I-IVN plate magnitudes and Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) infrared photometry. We find five new red dwarf systems estimated to be within 25 pc. These discoveries support results from previous proper motion surveys suggesting that more nearby stellar systems are to be found, particularly in the fainter, slower moving samples. In this second paper utilizing the UCAC3 we complete our sweep of the southern sky for objects in the proper motion range targeted by this survey with R magnitudes ranging from 9.80 to 19.61. C1 [Finch, Charlie T.; Zacharias, Norbert] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. [Boyd, Mark R.; Henry, Todd J.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. [Hambly, Nigel C.] Univ Edinburgh, Scottish Univ Phys Alliance, Inst Astron, Royal Observ, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Finch, CT (reprint author), USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. EM finch@usno.navy.mil FU RECONS team at Georgia State University FX We thank the entire UCAC team for making this proper motion survey possible, and the USNO summer students, who helped with tagging HPM stars in the UCAC3 catalog. Special thanks go to members of the RECONS team at Georgia State University for their support, and John Subasavage in particular for assistance with the SCR searches. This work has made use of the SIMBAD, VizieR, and Aladin databases operated at the CDS in Strasbourg, France. We have also made use of data from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, SuperCOSMOS Science Archive, and the Southern Proper Motion catalog. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2012 VL 745 IS 2 AR 118 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/745/2/118 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 893AI UT WOS:000300326800016 ER PT J AU Razzaque, S Dermer, CD Finke, JD AF Razzaque, Soebur Dermer, Charles D. Finke, Justin D. TI LOWER LIMITS ON ULTRAHIGH-ENERGY COSMIC RAY AND JET POWERS OF TeV BLAZARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic rays; galaxies: active; gamma rays: galaxies; gamma rays: general; gamma rays: ISM ID EXTRAGALACTIC MAGNETIC-FIELDS; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; BL-LAC OBJECTS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; AIR-SHOWER ARRAY; VHE GAMMA-RAYS; SCALE ANISOTROPY; BACKGROUND LIGHT; BURSTS; CONSTRAINTS AB Lower limits on the power emitted in ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), which are assumed to be protons with energy greater than or similar to 10(17)-10(20) eV, are derived for TeV blazars with the assumption that the observed TeV gamma-rays are generated due to interactions of these protons with cosmic microwave photons. The limits depend on the spectrum of the injected UHECR protons. While for a -2.2 injection spectrum the lower limits on the powers emitted in UHECRs by 1ES 0229+200, 1ES 1101-232, and 1ES 0347-121 are lower than their respective synchrotron luminosities (similar to 10(46) erg s(-1)), in the case of 1ES 1426+428 it exceeds the corresponding synchrotron luminosity by up to an order of magnitude. The proposed Auger North Observatory should be able to detect 4 x 10(19) eV cosmic-ray (CR) protons from 1ES 1426+428 within a few years of operation and test the TeV gamma-ray production model by UHECR energy losses while propagating along the line of sight or constrain the intergalactic magnetic field to be larger than similar to 10(-16) G in case of no detection. The lower limits on the apparent-isotropic jet power from accelerated 10(10)-10(20) eV proton spectra in the blazar jet is of the order of the Eddington luminosity of a 10(9) M-circle dot black hole for a CR injection spectrum -2.2 or harder for all blazars considered except for 1ES 1426+428. In the case of the latter, the apparent-isotropic jet power exceeds the Eddington luminosity by an order of magnitude. For an injection spectrum softer than -2.2, as is required to fit the observed CR data above similar to 10(17)-10(18) eV, the Eddington luminosity is exceeded by the lower limits on the jet power for all blazars considered. C1 [Razzaque, Soebur; Dermer, Charles D.; Finke, Justin D.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Razzaque, Soebur] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Razzaque, S (reprint author), USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM srazzaqu@gmu.edu FU NASA; Office of Naval Research; U.S. Naval Research Laboratory FX We thank M. Bottcher, C. C. Cheung, L. Costamante, M. Mostafa, and K. Murase for helpful comments and discussion. We also thank the anonymous referee for a constructive report. This work is supported by grants from the NASA Fermi Cycle 3 guest investigator program and by the Office of Naval Research. The work of S. R. was funded while under contract with the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. NR 69 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2012 VL 745 IS 2 AR 196 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/745/2/196 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 893AI UT WOS:000300326800094 ER PT J AU Montgomery, MT Davis, C Dunkerton, T Wang, Z Velden, C Torn, R Majumdar, SJ Zhang, FQ Smith, RK Bosart, L Bell, MM Haase, JS Heymsfield, A Jensen, J Campos, T Boothe, MA AF Montgomery, Michael T. Davis, Christopher Dunkerton, Timothy Wang, Zhuo Velden, Christopher Torn, Ryan Majumdar, Sharanya J. Zhang, Fuqing Smith, Roger K. Bosart, Lance Bell, Michael M. Haase, Jennifer S. Heymsfield, Andrew Jensen, Jorgen Campos, Teresa Boothe, Mark A. TI THE PRE-DEPRESSION INVESTIGATION OF CLOUD-SYSTEMS IN THE TROPICS (PREDICT) EXPERIMENT Scientific Basis, New Analysis Tools, and Some First Results SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; WAVE CRITICAL LAYER; SAHARAN AIR LAYER; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; DATA ASSIMILATION; FIELD EXPERIMENT; EASTERLY WAVES; TYPHOON NURI; GENESIS; ATLANTIC C1 [Montgomery, Michael T.; Bell, Michael M.; Boothe, Mark A.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Dunkerton, Timothy] NW Res Associates Inc, Bellevue, WA 98009 USA. [Davis, Christopher; Heymsfield, Andrew; Jensen, Jorgen; Campos, Teresa] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Wang, Zhuo] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL USA. [Velden, Christopher] Univ Wisconsin, CIMSS, Madison, WI USA. [Torn, Ryan; Bosart, Lance] SUNY Albany, Dept Atmospher & Environm Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Majumdar, Sharanya J.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Zhang, Fuqing] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Smith, Roger K.] Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, D-8000 Munich, Germany. [Haase, Jennifer S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Montgomery, Michael T.; Bell, Michael M.] NOAA, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL USA. RP Montgomery, MT (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, 1 Univ Circle, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM mtmontgo@nps.edu RI Bell, Michael/B-1144-2009; Heymsfield, Andrew/E-7340-2011; Zhang, Fuqing/E-6522-2010 OI Bell, Michael/0000-0002-0496-331X; Zhang, Fuqing/0000-0003-4860-9985 FU National Science Foundation [ATM-0733380, 0850709, 0851077, 0840651, 1016095]; NASA [NNH09AK561, NNG09HG031]; NOAA's Hurricane Research Division; NOAA/AOML; IFEX; GRIP; Earth Observing Laboratory of NCAR FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation Grants ATM-0733380, 0850709, 0851077, 0840651, and 1016095; NASA Grants NNH09AK561 and NNG09HG031; and a grant to MTM from NOAA's Hurricane Research Division. The scientists from the PREDICT team wish to express their gratitude to Stephen Nelson and Bradley Smull at NSF-ATM for providing helpful guidance through the planning stages of this experiment. The team expresses also their many thanks to Frank Marks Jr., of NOAA/AOML and Ramesh Kakar of NASA and the corresponding science teams of IFEX and GRIP for their enthusiastic collaboration and support. The authors thank the many members of the Earth Observing Laboratory of NCAR for their fantastic support of PREDICT. While there were too many people involved to list all of them, scientists Jose Meitin, Greg Stossmeister, Al Schanot, Al Cooper, Dave Rogers, Jeff Stith, Julie Haggerty, Cindy Twohy, and Darin Toohey were vital to the success of the project, as were operations managers Brigitte Baeuerle and Vidal Salazar. Pilots Henry Boynton, Scotty McClain, Steve Thompson, Ed Ringleman, and Lowell Genzlinger provided expert operation of the GV and were eager to work with the PIs to optimize the flight track given weather and air space restrictions. We wish to thank Gerald Thomsen and the German Weather Service for providing the ECMWF data. Numerous research scientists provided field support as well, including Tony Wimmers and Derrick Herndon (CIMSS) and Jason Dunion (NOAA/AOML/HRD). Numerous students and postdocs played a pivotal role in PREDICT, and they have summarized their experiences in a companion article (Evans et al. 2011). Finally, we wish to thank David Raymond and Carlos Lopez for their dedicated participation in the experiment and providing the team with valuable scientific input, debate, flight-planning support, and mission-scientist leadership. NR 61 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 93 IS 2 BP 153 EP 172 DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00046.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 897FP UT WOS:000300632200005 ER PT J AU Noble, SL Wendel, LE Donahue, MM Buzzard, GT Rundell, AE AF Noble, Sarah L. Wendel, Lindsay E. Donahue, Maia M. Buzzard, Gregery T. Rundell, Ann E. TI Sparse-Grid-Based Adaptive Model Predictive Control of HL60 Cellular Differentiation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Biological system; control theory; interpolated dynamics; in vitro experiments; nonunique and fuzzy parameters; tissue engineering ID EXPERIMENTAL-DESIGN; SYSTEMS; VARIABLES AB Quantitative methods such as model-based predictive control are known to facilitate the design of strategies to manipulate biological systems. This study develops a sparse-grid-based adaptive model predictive control (MPC) strategy to direct HL60 cellular differentiation. Sparse-grid sampling and interpolation support a computationally efficient adaptive MPC scheme in which multiple data-consistent regions of the model parameter space are identified and used to calculate a control compromise. The algorithm is evaluated in silico with structural model mismatch. Simulations demonstrate how the multiscenario control strategy more effectively manages the mismatch compared to a single scenario approach. Furthermore, the controller is evaluated in vitro to differentiate HL60 cells in both normal and perturbed environments. The controller-derived input sequence successfully achieves and sustains the specified target level of granulocytes when implemented in the laboratory. The results and analysis given here imply that adoption of this experiment planning technique to direct cell differentiation within more complex tissue engineered constructs will require the use of a reasonably accurate mathematical model and an extension of this algorithm to multiobjective controller design. C1 [Rundell, Ann E.] Purdue Univ, Weldon Sch Biomed Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Noble, Sarah L.] USN Acad, Weapons & Syst Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. [Wendel, Lindsay E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Donahue, Maia M.] Dow AgroSci, Indianapolis, IN 46268 USA. [Buzzard, Gregery T.] Purdue Univ, Dept Math, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Rundell, AE (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Weldon Sch Biomed Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM noble@usna.edu; lwendel2@jhmi.edu; MMDonahue@dow.com; gbuzzard@purdue.edu; rundell@purdue.edu RI Rundell, Ann/P-1822-2014; Clegg, Lindsay/D-5945-2014 OI Clegg, Lindsay/0000-0001-8558-9341 FU National Science Foundation (NSF); American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) [ECCS-0846572] FX Manuscript received May 27, 2011; revised September 19, 2011; accepted October 15, 2011. Date of publication November 1, 2011; date of current version January 20, 2012. This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (NSF) CAREER Award and funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) under the grant ECCS-0846572. All work was performed at Purdue University. Asterisk indicates corresponding author. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9294 J9 IEEE T BIO-MED ENG JI IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 59 IS 2 BP 456 EP 463 DI 10.1109/TBME.2011.2174361 PG 8 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 895PF UT WOS:000300507800019 PM 22057041 ER PT J AU Chung, TH Burdick, JW AF Chung, Timothy H. Burdick, Joel W. TI Analysis of Search Decision Making Using Probabilistic Search Strategies SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ROBOTICS LA English DT Article DE Autonomous systems; expected time to decision; probabilistic search; robotic decision making; search theory ID SEQUENTIAL SEARCH; DISCRETE SEARCH; PATH; COMPLEXITY; SENSORS; PURSUIT; TARGET; COST AB In this paper, we propose a formulation of the spatial search problem, where a mobile searching agent seeks to locate a stationary target in a given search region or declare that the target is absent. The objective is to minimize the expected time until this search decision of target's presence (and location) or absence is made. Bayesian update expressions for the integration of observations, including false-positive and false-negative detections, are derived to facilitate both theoretical and numerical analyses of various computationally efficient (semi-)adaptive search strategies. Closed-form expressions for the search decision evolution and analytic bounds on the expected time to decision are provided under assumptions on search environment and/or sensor characteristics. Simulation studies validate the probabilistic search formulation and comparatively demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed search strategies. C1 [Chung, Timothy H.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Burdick, Joel W.] CALTECH, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Chung, TH (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM thchung@nps.edu; jwb@robotics.caltech.edu NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1552-3098 J9 IEEE T ROBOT JI IEEE Trans. Robot. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 28 IS 1 BP 132 EP 144 DI 10.1109/TRO.2011.2170333 PG 13 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA 891AJ UT WOS:000300188300011 ER PT J AU Comon-Lundh, H Meadows, C AF Comon-Lundh, Hubert Meadows, Catherine TI Special Issue on Security and Rewriting Foreword SO JOURNAL OF AUTOMATED REASONING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Comon-Lundh, Hubert] LSV Ecole Normale Super Cachan, F-94235 Cachan, France. [Meadows, Catherine] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Comon-Lundh, H (reprint author), LSV Ecole Normale Super Cachan, 61 Ave President Wilson, F-94235 Cachan, France. EM comon@lsv.ens-cachan.fr; catherine.meadows@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-7433 J9 J AUTOM REASONING JI J. Autom. Reasoning PD FEB PY 2012 VL 48 IS 2 SI SI BP 133 EP 134 DI 10.1007/s10817-011-9242-1 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA 895KL UT WOS:000300495000001 ER PT J AU Rudinsky, SL Matteucci, MJ AF Rudinsky, Sherri L. Matteucci, Michael J. TI EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT PRESENTATION OF SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY SYNDROME: TWO CASES IN MARINE CORPS RECRUITS SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE superior mesenteric artery (SMA); intestinal obstruction; duodenum; abdominal pain; Marine Corps recruits ID UNCOMMON CAUSE AB Background: Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a relatively rare etiology of proximal intestinal obstruction. Obstruction results from marked narrowing of the angle between the SMA and aorta, causing compression of the third portion of the duodenum, most commonly as a result of precipitous weight loss. Intermittent non-specific symptoms at presentation often result in a delayed diagnosis, thus the importance of being aware of this condition. Objective: To familiarize emergency physicians with the presentation of SMA syndrome and discuss its diagnosis and management in the emergency department (ED). Case Report: We present two cases of SMA syndrome identified in Marine Corps recruits presenting to our ED. Conclusion: Emergency physicians should include SMA syndrome in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain and vomiting in individuals with predisposing factors. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Rudinsky, Sherri L.; Matteucci, Michael J.] USN, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Rudinsky, SL (reprint author), USN, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego Med Ctr, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0736-4679 J9 J EMERG MED JI J. Emerg. Med. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 42 IS 2 BP 155 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.jemermed.2008.07.029 PG 4 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 895ZS UT WOS:000300535800005 PM 19111427 ER PT J AU Nordt, SP Minns, A Carstairs, S Kreshak, A Campbell, C Tomaszweski, C Hayden, SR Clark, RF Joshua, A Ly, BT AF Nordt, Sean Patrick Minns, Alicia Carstairs, Shaun Kreshak, Allyson Campbell, Colleen Tomaszweski, Christian Hayden, Stephen R. Clark, Richard F. Joshua, Alfred Ly, Binh T. TI MASS SOCIOGENIC ILLNESS INITIALLY REPORTED AS CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE mass sociogenic illness; mass psychogenic illness; transitional situational disturbance; oximeter; poisoning ID ELEMENTARY-SCHOOL; TOXIC EXPOSURE; EPIDEMIC; OUTBREAK AB Background: Mass sociogenic illness (MSI) is a rare occurrence involving a constellation of physical signs and symptoms in a group of individuals that are exhibited subconsciously and have no corresponding organic etiology. Objectives: To describe an outbreak of MSI initially attributed to carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. Case Reports: While attending a church service, one child fainted, followed by another. This led to multiple individuals reporting a constellation of symptoms. A total of 22 individuals presented to emergency departments (EDs) with neurologic, gastrointestinal, and respiratory complaints. The onset of symptoms followed evacuation in most of these patients. Prehospital personnel obtained carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels with a portable oximeter device, identifying levels up to 19% in 6 patients; 17 were taken to a tertiary hospital with a hyperbaric oxygen chamber, and the other 5 to a local ED. All other attendees were asymptomatic. Within the 15-min transport time, all patients were asymptomatic and had normal physical examinations. The mean age of patients was 13 years; 7 were male and 10 were female. Venous blood gas identified normal COHb levels in all patients. Pulse oximetry in the ED was normal. Another handheld oximeter device in the ED found normal COHb and methemoglobin levels. Conclusion: Varying complaints with onset after removal from the church suggest MSI. The hazardous materials team reproduced the scenario and no toxic gases were detected. Escalation of symptoms and an increased number of persons being affected along with increasing ambulance presence are common in MS'. We suspect that field oximeter readings were either aberrant from an inexperienced operator or were false-positive COHb readings. Clinicians should consider MSI after mass outbreaks of illness, particularly with rapid onset, rapid resolution of symptoms, and normal physical examinations and laboratory analyses. However, the diagnosis of MSI should be entertained only after potential toxicologic etiologies have been excluded. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. C1 [Nordt, Sean Patrick] Univ So Calif, Dept Emergency Med, Keck Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Minns, Alicia; Kreshak, Allyson; Tomaszweski, Christian; Clark, Richard F.; Ly, Binh T.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Med Toxicol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Minns, Alicia; Kreshak, Allyson; Campbell, Colleen; Tomaszweski, Christian; Hayden, Stephen R.; Clark, Richard F.; Joshua, Alfred; Ly, Binh T.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Carstairs, Shaun] USN, Dept Emergency Med, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Tomaszweski, Christian; Hayden, Stephen R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Hyperbar Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Hayden, Stephen R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Off Grad Med Educ, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Nordt, SP (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Emergency Med, Keck Sch Med, 1200 N State St,Unit 1,Room 1011, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. OI Carstairs, Shaun/0000-0003-4558-9704 NR 14 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0736-4679 J9 J EMERG MED JI J. Emerg. Med. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 42 IS 2 BP 159 EP 161 DI 10.1016/j.jemermed.2011.01.028 PG 3 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 895ZS UT WOS:000300535800006 PM 21658882 ER PT J AU Edwankar, RV Edwankar, CR Namjoshi, OA Deschamps, JR Cook, JM AF Edwankar, Rahul V. Edwankar, Chitra R. Namjoshi, Ojas A. Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Cook, James M. TI Bronsted Acid Mediated Cyclization of Enaminones. Rapid and Efficient Access to the Tetracyclic Framework of the Strychnos Alkaloids SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS LA English DT Article ID PICTET-SPENGLER REACTION; FUNCTIONALIZED ASPIDOSPERMA ALKALOIDS; ENANTIOSPECIFIC TOTAL-SYNTHESIS; VELLOZO BAILLON APOCYNACEES; GENERAL SYNTHETIC PATHWAY; C-H BONDS; INDOLE ALKALOIDS; GEISSOSPERMUM-VELLOSII; LA GEISSOSPERMINE; ETUDE PHARMACODYNAMIQUE AB The development of an efficient diastereoselective method that permits rapid construction of the tetracyclic core 17 of the Strychnos-Aspidosperma alkaloids is described. Enaminone 16, synthesized in high yield, has been cyclized under the influence of a Bronsted acid to provide the core tetracyclic framework 17 of the Strychnos alkaloids in optically active form or alternatively to the beta-ketoester tetrahydro-beta-carboline (THBC) unit 18, by varying the equivalents of acid and the molar concentration. Attempts to utilize 18 to form the C(7)-C(16) bond of the akuammiline related alkaloids represented by strictamine (22), using metal-carbenoid chemistry, are also described. C1 [Edwankar, Rahul V.; Edwankar, Chitra R.; Namjoshi, Ojas A.; Cook, James M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biochem, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Cook, JM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biochem, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. EM capncook@uwm.edu OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010; Namjoshi, Ojas/0000-0002-2142-3702 FU NIMH; Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation; NIDA-NRL [Y1-DA1101] FX We wish to acknowledge the NIMH (in part) and the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation for support of this work. X-ray crystallographic studies were supported by NIDA-NRL Interagency Agreement Number Y1-DA1101. NR 69 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0163-3864 EI 1520-6025 J9 J NAT PROD JI J. Nat. Prod. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 75 IS 2 BP 181 EP 188 DI 10.1021/np200759h PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 896WG UT WOS:000300601500011 PM 22257244 ER PT J AU Colosi, JA Duda, TF Lin, YT Lynch, JF Newhall, AE Cornuelle, BD AF Colosi, John A. Duda, Timothy F. Lin, Ying-Tsong Lynch, James F. Newhall, Arthur E. Cornuelle, Bruce D. TI Observations of sound-speed fluctuations on the New Jersey continental shelf in the summer of 2006 SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SHALLOW-WATER; OCEAN; PROPAGATION AB Environmental sensors moored on the New Jersey continental shelf tracked constant density surfaces (isopycnals) for 35 days in the summer of 2006. Sound-speed fluctuations from internal-wave vertical isopycnal displacements and from temperature/salinity variability along isopycnals (spiciness) are analyzed using frequency spectra and vertical covariance functions. Three varieties of internal waves are studied: Diffuse broadband internal waves (akin to waves fitting the deep water Garrett/Munk spectrum), internal tides, and, to a lesser extent, nonlinear internal waves. These internal-wave contributions are approximately distinct in the frequency domain. It is found that in the main thermocline spicy thermohaline structure dominates the root mean square sound-speed variability, with smaller contributions coming from (in order) nonlinear internal waves, diffuse internal waves, and internal tides. The frequency spectra of internal-wave displacements and of spiciness have similar form, likely due to the advection of variable-spiciness water masses by horizontal internal-wave currents, although there are technical limitations to the observations at high frequency. In the low-frequency, internal-wave band the internal-wave spectrum follows frequency to the -1.81 power, whereas the spice spectrum shows a -1.73 power. Mode spectra estimated via covariance methods show that the diffuse internal-wave spectrum has a smaller mode bandwidth than Garrett/Munk and that the internal tide has significant energy in modes one through three. (C) 2012 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3666014] C1 [Colosi, John A.] USN, Dept Oceanog, Postgrad Sch Monterey, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Duda, Timothy F.; Lin, Ying-Tsong; Lynch, James F.; Newhall, Arthur E.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Cornuelle, Bruce D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Colosi, JA (reprint author), USN, Dept Oceanog, Postgrad Sch Monterey, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RI Duda, Timothy/A-7282-2010; OI Duda, Timothy/0000-0002-5797-5955; Cornuelle, Bruce/0000-0003-2110-3319 FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Postgraduate School's Undersea Warfare Chair FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research, and Professor Colosi gratefully acknowledges his additional support from the Naval Postgraduate School's Undersea Warfare Chair that he holds. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 131 IS 2 BP 1733 EP 1748 DI 10.1121/1.3666014 PN 2 PG 16 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 895IG UT WOS:000300489100007 PM 22352602 ER PT J AU Colosi, JA Duda, TF Morozov, AK AF Colosi, John A. Duda, Timothy F. Morozov, Andrey K. TI Statistics of low-frequency normal-mode amplitudes in an ocean with random sound-speed perturbations: Shallow-water environments SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID INTERNAL WAVE SPECTRUM; ACOUSTIC TRANSMISSIONS; COHERENCE; GUIDE; FIELD; PROPAGATION; SHELF; SOLITONS; PACKETS AB Second-and fourth-moment mode-amplitude statistics for low-frequency ocean sound propagation through random sound-speed perturbations in a shallow-water environment are investigated using Monte Carlo simulations and a transport theory for the cross-mode coherence matrix. The acoustic observables of mean and mean square intensity are presented and the importance of adiabatic effects and cross-mode coherence decay are emphasized. Using frequencies of 200 and 400 Hz, transport theory is compared with Monte Carlo simulations in a canonical shallow-water environment representative of the summer Mid-Atlantic Bight. Except for ranges less than a horizontal coherence length of the sound structure, the intensity moments from the two calculations are in good agreement. Corrections for the short range behavior are presented. For these frequencies the computed mode coupling rates are extremely small, and the propagation is strongly adiabatic with a rapid decay of cross-mode coherence. Coupling effects are predicted to be important at kilohertz frequencies. Decay of cross-mode coherence has important implications for acoustic interactions with nonlinear internal waves: For the case in which the acoustic path is not at glancing incidence with a nonlinear internal-wave front, adiabatic phase randomizing effects lead to a significantly reduced influence of the nonlinear waves on both mean and mean square intensity. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3666002] C1 [Colosi, John A.] USN, Dept Oceanog, Postgrad Sch Monterey, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Duda, Timothy F.; Morozov, Andrey K.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Appl Ocean Phys & Engn, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Colosi, JA (reprint author), USN, Dept Oceanog, Postgrad Sch Monterey, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RI Duda, Timothy/A-7282-2010 OI Duda, Timothy/0000-0002-5797-5955 FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Undersea Warfare Center's Under-Sea Warfare chair at the Naval Postgraduate School FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and the Naval Undersea Warfare Center's Under-Sea Warfare chair at the Naval Postgraduate School. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 131 IS 2 BP 1749 EP 1761 DI 10.1121/1.3666002 PN 2 PG 13 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 895IG UT WOS:000300489100008 PM 22352603 ER PT J AU Wells, TS Ryan, MAK Jones, KA Hooper, TI Boyko, EJ Jacobson, IG Smith, TC Gackstetter, GD AF Wells, Timothy S. Ryan, Margaret A. K. Jones, Kelly A. Hooper, Tomoko I. Boyko, Edward J. Jacobson, Isabel G. Smith, Tyler C. Gackstetter, Gary D. TI A comparison of mental health outcomes in persons entering U.S. military service before and after September 11, 2001 SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES; US MILITARY; COMBAT DEPLOYMENT; MILLENNIUM COHORT; PRIMARY-CARE; ALCOHOL-USE; PRIME-MD; UTILITY; RISK AB It has been hypothesized that those who entered military service in the pre-September 11, 2001 era might have expectations incongruent with their subsequent experiences, increasing the risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or other mental disorders. A subset of Millennium Cohort Study participants who joined the military during 19951999 was selected and compared with a subset of members who joined the military in 2002 or later. Outcomes included new-onset symptoms of PTSD, depression, panic/anxiety, and alcohol-related problems. Multivariable methods adjusted for differences in demographic and military characteristics. More than 11,000 cohort members were included in the analyses. Those who entered service in the pre-September 11 era had lower odds of new-onset PTSD symptoms (odds ratio [OR] 0.74, 95% CI [0.59, 0.93]) compared with the post-September 11 cohort. There were no statistically significant differences in rates of new-onset symptoms of depression, panic/anxiety, or alcohol-related problems between the groups. The cohort who entered military service in the pre-September 11 era did not experience higher rates of new-onset mental health challenges compared with the cohort who entered service after September 11, 2001. Findings support the concept that the experience of war, and resulting psychological morbidity, is not a function of incongruent expectations. C1 [Wells, Timothy S.; Jones, Kelly A.; Jacobson, Isabel G.; Smith, Tyler C.] USN, Dept Deployment Hlth Res, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Hooper, Tomoko I.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Boyko, Edward J.] Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Dept Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. [Gackstetter, Gary D.] Analyt Serv Inc ANSER, Arlington, VA USA. RP Wells, TS (reprint author), USN, Dept Deployment Hlth Res, Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM tim_wells@broadstripe.net RI Schueter, nicos/A-3625-2014 NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-9867 J9 J TRAUMA STRESS JI J. Trauma Stress PD FEB PY 2012 VL 25 IS 1 BP 17 EP 24 DI 10.1002/jts.21657 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 897VA UT WOS:000300685800004 PM 22354504 ER PT J AU Xu, X Su, M Levy, NB Kaur, P Garcia, R Mohtashamian, A Broome, HE Dell'Aquila, ML Wang, HY AF Xu, X. Su, M. Levy, N. B. Kaur, P. Garcia, R. Mohtashamian, A. Broome, H. E. Dell'Aquila, M. L. Wang, H-Y TI Myeloid Neoplasia with t(3;8)(q26;q24): Report of Four Cases and Review of the English Literature SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 101st Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology (USCAP) CY MAR 17-23, 2012 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol (USCAP) C1 Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 92 SU 1 MA 1598 BP 382A EP 382A PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 885SA UT WOS:000299799902110 ER PT J AU Drake, GW Bolden, S Dailey, J McQuaid, MJ Parrish, D AF Drake, Gregory W. Bolden, Sarah Dailey, Jami McQuaid, Michael J. Parrish, Damon TI New Takes on Nitrate Ester Chemistry: Salts with Oxygen-Rich Ammonium Cations SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE Nitroxy salts; Gibbs free energy calculations ID SET MODEL CHEMISTRY; ENERGETIC SALTS; IONIC LIQUIDS; PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; ORGANIC NITRATES; METHYL NITRATE; TOTAL ENERGIES; DENSITY; HEATS AB Nitrate (anion) salts with nitroxy-functionalized ammonium cations were synthesized. Several revealed surprising thermal and hydrolytic stability. Various physical properties were measured, and Gibbs free energy (?Gr(298)) differences between the salts and postulated products of their thermal decomposition were computed. The computed differences indicate that salts with cations that have more than one nitroxy group are endothermic at 298 K. Nevertheless, the stability observed for some salts with this property indicates that kinetic barriers are sufficient to prevent facile decomposition at this temperature. This is in contrast to the case observed for nitrate salts of nitroxy-functionalized ammonium cations with acidic protons. C1 [Drake, Gregory W.; Bolden, Sarah; Dailey, Jami] USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr RDMR WDP E, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. [Dailey, Jami] ERC Inc, Weap Directorate, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. [McQuaid, Michael J.] USA, Res Lab, RDRL WMD D, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Parrish, Damon] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Drake, GW (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr RDMR WDP E, Bldg 7120 Redstone Rd, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM Gregory.w.drake@us.army.mil FU SERDP [WP-1764]; EQBRD; AMRDEC FX Funding for this study was provided under SERDP project WP-1764 (administered by Mr. J. Hough) and an EQBRD program (administered by Mr. M. Wrazen and Ms. Kristin Dawag, both of the U.S. Army ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ). Most of the computations were conducted with CPU time provided under the High Performance Computing and Modernization Office Challenge project C4C, and were performed at the Air Force Research Laboratory DoD Supercomputing Resource Center, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH. AMRDEC researchers are grateful to Mr. Michael Morrison, Dr. Jamie Neidert, Mr. Paul Turner, Dr. Robin Buckelew, and Mr. Steve Cornelius for their patience and financial support. The authors acknowledge fruitful discussions with Mr. Scott Dawley (Aerojet Corporation), Dr. Ronald Clawson (ATK Corporation), and Dr. Joe Flanagan (Flanagan Enterprises). NR 84 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 37 IS 1 BP 40 EP 51 DI 10.1002/prep.201100039 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 897RB UT WOS:000300671200006 ER PT J AU Sweeney, LM Gut, CP Gargas, ML Reddy, G Williams, LR Johnson, MS AF Sweeney, Lisa M. Gut, Chester P., Jr. Gargas, Michael L. Reddy, Gunda Williams, Larry R. Johnson, Mark S. TI Assessing the non-cancer risk for RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE RDX; Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model; PBPK; Reference dose ID BOBWHITE COLINUS-VIRGINIANUS; CYCLOTRIMETHYLENETRINITRAMINE RDX; EXPOSURE; 1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE; TOXICITY; RAT AB RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) is an explosive used in military applications. It has been detected in ground water surrounding US military installations and at manufacturing facilities. RDX has been shown to produce hepatotoxicity, testicular, and neurological effects in animals, the latter also in humans. The current chronic oral reference dose (RfD) of 0.003 mg/kg/day was derived based on prostate effects in rats. Here, we provide a reevaluation of the risk associated with RDX exposure by examining old and new data and using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling approaches. Candidate non-cancer endpoints in rodents were evaluated and the most plausible mode(s) of action were determined. A PBPK model was used to derive appropriate internal doses based on the mode of action, and then a benchmark dose (BMD) and the lower confidence limit on the BMD (BMDL) were determined using these internal doses in animals. Uncertainty factors (UF) were applied to the animal BMDL or no-observed effect level and a human PBPK model was used to determine a human equivalent dose resulting in the candidate RfDs (cRfDs). A proposed chronic RfD of 0.07 mg/kg/day, based on multiple effects observed in rats, was selected from among the cRfDs. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Sweeney, Lisa M.; Gut, Chester P., Jr.; Gargas, Michael L.] USN, Med Res Unit Dayton, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Reddy, Gunda; Williams, Larry R.; Johnson, Mark S.] USA, Inst Publ Hlth, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Sweeney, LM (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit Dayton, 2729 R St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM lisa.sweeney.ctr@wpafb.af.mil RI Sweeney, Lisa/K-5114-2012 OI Sweeney, Lisa/0000-0002-4672-7358 FU US Army Environmental Command [61063] FX This work was sponsored by the US Army Environmental Command, Installation Restoration Program, under Work Unit Number 61063; Army personnel who are listed co-authors contributed to the interpretation of the data, the preparation of the manuscript, and the decision to submit the paper for publication. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 62 IS 1 BP 107 EP 114 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.12.007 PG 8 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 887XN UT WOS:000299965400012 PM 22197625 ER PT J AU Hanbicki, AT Cheng, SF Goswami, R van 't Erve, OMJ Jonker, BT AF Hanbicki, A. T. Cheng, S. -F. Goswami, R. van 't Erve, O. M. J. Jonker, B. T. TI Electrical injection and detection of spin accumulation in Ge at room temperature SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Semiconductors; Magnetic films and multilayers; Spin accumulation ID SILICON; SEMICONDUCTORS; METAL; POLARIZATION; CONTACT; BARRIER; LOGIC AB We inject spin-polarized electrons from an Fe/MgO tunnel barrier contact into n-type Ge(001) substrates with electron densities 2 x 10(16) < n < 8 x 10(17) cm(-3), and electrically detect the resulting spin accumulation using three-terminal Hanle measurements. We observe significant spin accumulation in the Ge up to room temperature. We observe precessional dephasing of the spin accumulation (the Hanle effect) in an applied magnetic field for both forward and reverse bias (spin extraction and injection), and determine spin lifetimes and corresponding diffusion lengths for temperatures of 225-300 K. The room temperature spin lifetime increases from tau(s) = 50 ps to 123 ps with decreasing electron concentration, as expected from electron spin resonance work on bulk Ge. The measured spin resistance-area product is in good agreement with values predicted by theory for samples with carrier densities below the metal-insulator transition (MIT), but 10(2) larger for samples above the MIT. These data demonstrate that the spin accumulation measured occurs in the Ge, although dopant-derived interface or band states may enhance the measured spin voltage above the MIT. We estimate the polarization in the Ge to be on the order of 1%. Published by Elsevier Ltd C1 [Hanbicki, A. T.; Cheng, S. -F.; van 't Erve, O. M. J.; Jonker, B. T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Goswami, R.] SAIC Inc, Mclean, VA 22012 USA. RP Hanbicki, AT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Hanbicki@nrl.navy.mil FU NRL FX We would like to acknowledge C.H. Li and G. Kioseoglou for useful conversations. This work was supported by core programs at NRL. NR 33 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 152 IS 4 BP 244 EP 248 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2011.11.033 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 896TA UT WOS:000300593100002 ER PT J AU Eckel, FA Allen, MS Sittel, MC AF Eckel, F. Anthony Allen, Mark S. Sittel, Matthew C. TI Estimation of Ambiguity in Ensemble Forecasts SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article ID PREDICTION SYSTEM; PROBABILISTIC FORECASTS; ECONOMIC VALUE; ECMWF; CALIBRATION; UNCERTAINTY; SKILL; ERROR AB Ambiguity is uncertainty in the prediction of forecast uncertainty, or in the forecast probability of a specific event, associated with random error in an ensemble forecast probability density function. In ensemble forecasting ambiguity arises from finite sampling and deficient simulation of the various sources of forecast uncertainty. This study introduces two practical methods of estimating ambiguity and demonstrates them on 5-day, 2-m temperature forecasts from the Japan Meteorological Agency's Ensemble Prediction System. The first method uses the error characteristics of the calibrated ensemble as well as the ensemble spread to predict likely errors in forecast probability. The second method applies bootstrap resampling on the ensemble members to produce multiple likely values of forecast probability. Both methods include forecast calibration since ambiguity results from random and not systematic errors, which must be removed to reveal the ambiguity. Additionally, use of a more robust calibration technique (improving beyond just correcting average errors) is shown to reduce ambiguity. Validation using a low-order dynamical system reveals that both estimation methods have deficiencies but exhibit some skill, making them candidates for application to decision making the subject of a companion paper. C1 [Eckel, F. Anthony; Allen, Mark S.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Sittel, Matthew C.] Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO USA. RP Eckel, FA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, 408 ATG Bldg,Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM tony.eckel@noaa.gov FU Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California; U.S. Air Force FX This work was made possible by support from the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, and the U.S. Air Force. Ensemble forecast and analysis data were accessed from the THORPEX Interactive Grand Global Ensemble (TIGGE) via the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts interface. We thank three anonymous reviewers for their very helpful contributions. NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0882-8156 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 27 IS 1 BP 50 EP 69 DI 10.1175/WAF-D-11-00015.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 895VW UT WOS:000300525800003 ER PT J AU Allen, MS Eckel, FA AF Allen, Mark S. Eckel, F. Anthony TI Value from Ambiguity in Ensemble Forecasts SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article ID ECONOMIC VALUE; PROBABILISTIC FORECASTS; PREDICTION SYSTEM; WEATHER FORECASTS AB This study explores the objective application of ambiguity information, that is, the uncertainty in forecast probability derived from an ensemble. One application approach, called uncertainty folding, merges ambiguity with forecast uncertainty information for subsequent use in standard risk-analysis decision making. Uncertainty folding is found to be of no practical benefit when tested in a low-order, weather forecast simulation. A second approach, called ulterior motives, attempts to use ambiguity information to aid secondary decision factors not considered in the standard risk analysis, while simultaneously maintaining the primary value associated with the probabilistic forecasts. Following ulterior motives, the practical utility of ambiguity information is demonstrated on real-world ensemble forecasts used to support decisions concerning the preparation for freezing temperatures paired with a secondary desire for the reduction in repeat false alarms. Sample products for communicating ambiguity to the user are also presented. C1 [Allen, Mark S.; Eckel, F. Anthony] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Allen, MS (reprint author), 101 Nelson Dr, Offutt AFB, NE 68113 USA. EM mark.allen@offutt.af.mil FU Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California; U.S. Air Force FX This work was made possible by support from the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, and the U.S. Air Force. Ensemble forecast and analysis data were accessed from the THORPEX Interactive Grand Global Ensemble (TIGGE) via the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast interface. This research represents a portion of the first author's dissertation work. We thank three anonymous reviewers for their very helpful contribution. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0882-8156 EI 1520-0434 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 27 IS 1 BP 70 EP 84 DI 10.1175/WAF-D-11-00016.1 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 895VW UT WOS:000300525800004 ER PT J AU Zhang, L Pu, ZX Lee, WC Zhao, QY AF Zhang, Lei Pu, Zhaoxia Lee, Wen-Chau Zhao, Qingyun TI The Influence of Airborne Doppler Radar Data Quality on Numerical Simulations of a Tropical Cyclone SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article ID DATA ASSIMILATION; HIGH-RESOLUTION; X-BAND; DIFFERENTIAL REFLECTIVITY; HURRICANE INITIALIZATION; CONVECTIVE STORMS; RAIN ATTENUATION; VELOCITY; LANDFALL; SYSTEM AB The impact of airborne Doppler radar data assimilation on improving numerical simulations of tropical cyclones (TCs) has been well recognized. However, the influence of radar data quality on the numerical simulation of tropical cyclones has not been given much attention. It is commonly assumed that higher quality radar data would be more beneficial to numerical simulations of TCs. This study examines the impact of the radar data quality control on assimilation of the airborne Doppler radar reflectivity and radial velocity observations in a numerical simulation of Typhoon Jangmi (2008). It is found that the quality of radar data has a strong influence on the numerical simulation of Typhoon Jangmi in terms of its track, intensity, and precipitation structures. Specifically, results suggest that a trade-off between the data quality and data coverage is necessary for different purposes in practical applications, as the higher quality data contribute to intensity forecast improvements, whereas data of lower quality but having better coverage are more beneficial to accurate track forecasting. C1 [Zhang, Lei; Pu, Zhaoxia] Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Zhao, Qingyun] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Lee, Wen-Chau] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Pu, ZX (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Rm 819,135 S 1460 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM zhaoxia.pu@utah.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N000140810308] FX This study is supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) TCS-08 program through Award N000140810308. The computer time for this study was provided by the Center for High Performance Computing (CHPC) at the University of Utah. Comments from two anonymous reviewers and Prof. Da-lin Zhang (University of Maryland) are greatly appreciated, as they were very helpful in improving the manuscript. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0882-8156 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 27 IS 1 BP 231 EP 239 DI 10.1175/WAF-D-11-00028.1 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 895VW UT WOS:000300525800014 ER PT J AU Babich, YV Feigelson, BN Yelisseyev, AP Chepurov, AI AF Babich, Yu. V. Feigelson, B. N. Yelisseyev, A. P. Chepurov, A. I. TI Nitrogen incorporation in octahedral diamonds grown in the Fe-Ni-C system SO GEOCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE diamond; nitrogen; defects in diamond; IR spectroscopy; diamond synthesis ID HPHT SYNTHETIC DIAMONDS; INFRARED-ABSORPTION; CONTAINING CENTERS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; NICKEL; DEFECTS; AGGREGATION; IMPURITIES; KINETICS; COBALT C1 [Babich, Yu. V.; Yelisseyev, A. P.; Chepurov, A. I.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Geol & Mineral, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Feigelson, B. N.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Babich, YV (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Geol & Mineral, Siberian Branch, Pr Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. EM Babich@igm.nsc.ru RI Yelisseyev, Alexander/A-3846-2014; Babich, Yuri/A-5655-2014; Chepurov, Anatoli/A-6730-2014 NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 0016-7029 J9 GEOCHEM INT+ JI Geochem. Int. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 50 IS 2 BP 179 EP 184 DI 10.1134/S0016702911120032 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 892KF UT WOS:000300284400006 ER PT J AU Santomauro, M Masterson, J Marguet, C Crain, D AF Santomauro, Michael Masterson, James Marguet, Charles Crain, Donald TI DEMOGRAPHICS OF MEN RECEIVING VASECTOMIES IN THE US MILITARY 2000-2009 SO JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Santomauro, Michael; Masterson, James; Marguet, Charles; Crain, Donald] NMCSD, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1743-6095 J9 J SEX MED JI J. Sex. Med. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 9 SU 1 SI SI BP 42 EP 42 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 886BW UT WOS:000299826700135 ER PT J AU Croft, M Jisrawi, N Ignatov, A Holtz, RL Zhong, Z AF Croft, Mark Jisrawi, Najeh Ignatov, Alexander Holtz, Ronald L. Zhong, Zhong TI Fatigue crack growth "overload effect": mechanistic insights from in-situ synchrotron measurements SO JOURNAL OF STRAIN ANALYSIS FOR ENGINEERING DESIGN LA English DT Article DE Fatigue; strain; X-ray; synchrotron; overload ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; FULL-PROFILE ANALYSIS; DELTA-K; STRAIN; FIELDS AB Synchrotron-based, high-energy X-ray diffraction measurements are used to study the local strain fields underlying the transient fatigue crack growth rate retardation produced by a single overload cycle known as the overload effect. Specifically, 4140 steel compact tension specimens fatigued for varying levels of crack growth after an overload cycle have been studied with in-situ diffraction under varying external loads. The load responses of the strain at the overload-position, versus at the crack tip, are focused upon in detail. The large compressive residual strain at the overload-point is observed to remain essentially unchanged even after the overload-point is left in the wake of the propagating crack tip. The differential strain-load response at the crack-tip/overload position before and immediately after the overload is seen to be unchanged. Once the overload point is behind the crack tip, a highly nonlinear behavior is observed in which the load response of the strain field transfers from the overload -point to the crack tip when the load exceeds a critical value. The results are discussed in terms of plasticity-induced crack face contact at the overload point as an important local mechanism contributing to the "overload effect" in this specific system. C1 [Croft, Mark; Jisrawi, Najeh; Ignatov, Alexander] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Croft, Mark; Zhong, Zhong] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Jisrawi, Najeh] Univ Sharjah, Dept Appl Phys, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates. [Holtz, Ronald L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Croft, M (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM croft@physics.rutgers.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-04-1-0194]; DURIP ONR [N00014-02-1-0772]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76CH00016] FX This work was supported by Office of Naval Research (ONR) under contract no. N00014-04-1-0194 and DURIP ONR N00014-02-1-0772. Utilization of the NSLS was supported by US Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76CH00016. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0309-3247 J9 J STRAIN ANAL ENG JI J. Strain Anal. Eng. Des. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 47 IS 2 BP 83 EP 94 DI 10.1177/0309324711435197 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Engineering; Mechanics; Materials Science GA 891MW UT WOS:000300222300003 ER PT J AU Huang, YH Montgomery, MT Wu, CC AF Huang, Yi-Hsuan Montgomery, Michael T. Wu, Chun-Chieh TI Concentric Eyewall Formation in Typhoon Sinlaku (2008). Part II: Axisymmetric Dynamical Processes SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL CYCLONE STRUCTURE; HURRICANE BOUNDARY-LAYER; KALMAN FILTER ENKF; ASSIMILATION; INTENSITY; ENSEMBLE; MODEL; DOTSTAR; TRACK AB In Part I of this study, the association between the secondary eyewall formation (SEF) and the broadening of the outer swirling wind in Typhoon Sinlaku (2008) was documented. The findings from Part I help lay the groundwork for the application of a newly proposed intensification paradigm to SEF. Part IT presents a new model for SEF that utilizes this new paradigm and its axisymmetric view of the dynamics. The findings point to a sequence of structure changes that occur in the vortex's outer-core region, culminating in SEF. The sequence begins with a broadening of the tangential winds, followed by an increase of the corresponding boundary layer (BL) inflow and an enhancement of convergence in the BL where the secondary eyewall forms. The narrow region of strong BL convergence is associated with the generation of supergradient winds in and just above the BL that acts to rapidly decelerate inflow there. The progressive strengthening of BL inflow and the generation of an effective adverse radial force therein leads to an eruption of air from the BL to support convection outside the primary eyewall in a favorable thermodynamic/kinematic environment. The results suggest that the unbalanced response in the BL serves as an important mechanism for initiating and sustaining a ring of deep convection in a narrow supergradient wind zone outside the primary eyewall. This progressive BL control on SEF suggests that the BL scheme and its coupling to the interior flow need to be adequately represented in numerical models to improve the prediction of SEF timing and preferred location. C1 [Huang, Yi-Hsuan; Wu, Chun-Chieh] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Montgomery, Michael T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Montgomery, Michael T.] NOAA, AOML, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL USA. RP Wu, CC (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, 1,Sec 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan. EM cwu@typhoon.as.ntu.edu.tw OI Wu, Chun-Chieh/0000-0002-3612-4537 FU National Science Council of Taiwan [NSC97-2111-M-002-016-MY3, NSC98-2111-M-002-008-MY3, NSC98-2917-I-002-127]; Central Weather Bureau of Taiwan [MOTC-CWB-97-6M-01, MOTC-CWB-98-6M-01]; Office of Naval Research [N00173-08-1-G007]; NOAA's Hurricane Research Division; U.S. Office of Naval Research [N001408WR20129] FX The work of CCW and YHH is supported by the National Science Council of Taiwan through Grants NSC97-2111-M-002-016-MY3, NSC98-2111-M-002-008-MY3, and NSC98-2917-I-002-127, the Central Weather Bureau of Taiwan through Grants MOTC-CWB-97-6M-01 and MOTC-CWB-98-6M-01, and the Office of Naval Research Grant N00173-08-1-G007. The work of MTM was supported by a grant from NOAA's Hurricane Research Division to the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School and the U.S. Office of Naval Research Grant N001408WR20129. The authors thank Roger Smith for his perceptive comments on a near-final draft of the manuscript. Valuable comments from the three reviewers are also appreciated. NR 31 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 69 IS 2 BP 662 EP 674 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-11-0114.1 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 885SI UT WOS:000299800700015 ER PT J AU Lang, STK Jones, SC Leutbecher, M Peng, MS Reynolds, CA AF Lang, Simon T. K. Jones, Sarah C. Leutbecher, Martin Peng, Melinda S. Reynolds, Carolyn A. TI Sensitivity, Structure, and Dynamics of Singular Vectors Associated with Hurricane Helene (2006) SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CONDITIONAL SYMMETRIC INSTABILITY; ENSEMBLE PREDICTION SYSTEM; TROPICAL CYCLONE; DATA ASSIMILATION; PHYSICAL PROCESSES; CORE STRUCTURE; INITIAL TESTS; POTENTIAL USE; PART I; GROWTH AB The sensitivity of singular vectors (SVs) associated with Hurricane Helene (2006) to resolution and diabatic processes is investigated. Furthermore, the dynamics of their growth are analyzed. The SVs are calculated using the tangent linear and adjoint model of the integrated forecasting system (IFS) of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts with a spatial resolution up to TL255 (similar to 80 km) and 48-h optimization time. The TL255 moist (diabatic) SVs possess a three-dimensional spiral structure with significant horizontal and vertical upshear tilt within the tropical cyclone (TC). Also, their amplitude is larger than that of dry and lower-resolution SVs closer to the center of Helene. Both higher resolution and diabatic processes result in stronger growth being associated with the TC compared to other flow features. The growth of the SVs in the vicinity of Helene is associated with baroclinic and barotropic mechanisms. The combined effect of higher resolution and diabatic processes leads to significant differences of the SV structure and growth dynamics within the core and in the vicinity of the TC. If used to initialize ensemble forecasts with the IFS, the higher-resolution moist SVs cause larger spread of the wind speed, track, and intensity of Helene than their lower-resolution or dry counterparts. They affect the outflow of the TC more strongly, resulting in a larger downstream impact during recurvature. Increasing the resolution or including diabatic effects degrades the linearity of the SVs. While the impact of diabatic effects on the linearity is small at low resolution, it becomes large at high resolution. C1 [Lang, Simon T. K.; Jones, Sarah C.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res IMK TRO, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Leutbecher, Martin] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, Berks, England. [Peng, Melinda S.; Reynolds, Carolyn A.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. RP Lang, STK (reprint author), Karlsruhe Inst Technol KIT, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, Campus Sud, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. EM simon.lang@kit.edu RI Jones, Sarah/B-2339-2013; OI Reynolds, Carolyn/0000-0003-4690-4171 FU German Research Foundation (DFG) as part of the research unit PANDOWAE [FOR 896]; Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research FX This project was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) as part of the research unit PANDOWAE (FOR 896). Acknowledgment is made for the use of ECMWF's computing facilities through the special project "The impact of tropical cyclones on extratropical predictability." We thank Jan Barkmejier and Leonhard Scheck for valuable discussions and three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. We are grateful to Carsten Maass and his colleagues at ECMWF user support for technical support. We acknowledge the Naval Research Laboratory and Office of Naval Research Global Visiting Scientist Program for financial support. NR 59 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 EI 1520-0469 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 69 IS 2 BP 675 EP 694 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-11-048.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 885SI UT WOS:000299800700016 ER PT J AU Rolon, JE Wijesundara, KC Ulloa, SE Bracker, AS Gammon, D Stinaff, EA AF Rolon, Juan E. Wijesundara, Kushal C. Ulloa, Sergio E. Bracker, Allan S. Gammon, Daniel Stinaff, Eric A. TI Oscillatory acoustic phonon relaxation of excitons in quantum dot molecules SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB We study electrically tunable self-assembled InAs quantum dot molecules through photoluminescence (PL) and time-resolved PL measurements. For the model we assume quantum dots with cylindrical symmetry, for which the confinement potentials have been modeled as narrow quantum wells in the growth and in-plane directions matched to parabolic potentials. We focus on the hole scattering rates by bulk acoustic phonons, as these rates are the leading contribution for the neutral indirect exciton relaxation rate when the electron localizes primarily on one dot. The hole-phonon scattering structure factor for acoustic phonons is found to contain a phase relationship between the phonon wave and the hole wave function, which can be tuned by an external electric field. The phase relationship leads to interference effects and tunable oscillatory relaxation rates of indirect excitons, in agreement with experiments. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Rolon, Juan E.; Wijesundara, Kushal C.; Ulloa, Sergio E.; Stinaff, Eric A.] Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Rolon, Juan E.; Wijesundara, Kushal C.; Ulloa, Sergio E.; Stinaff, Eric A.] Ohio Univ, Nanoscale & Quantum Phenomena Inst, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Bracker, Allan S.; Gammon, Daniel] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wijesundara, KC (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA. EM jr132405@ohio.edu RI Ulloa, Sergio/F-4621-2011; OI Ulloa, Sergio/0000-0002-3091-4984; Rolon, Juan E/0000-0002-6104-9321 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 12 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 29 IS 2 BP A146 EP A153 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 894DN UT WOS:000300407300019 ER PT J AU Scheibner, M Economou, SE Bracker, AS Gammon, D Ponomarev, IV AF Scheibner, Michael Economou, Sophia E. Bracker, Allan S. Gammon, Daniel Ponomarev, Ilya V. TI Entangled photon pair generation with quantum dot molecules SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Here we propose a mechanism to generate entangled photon pairs that makes use of double dot quantum dot molecules. Molecular biexciton and molecular exciton states allow us to circumvent the which-path problem that, in most cases, makes the use of single quantum dots technologically challenging. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Scheibner, Michael] Univ Calif Merced, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [Economou, Sophia E.; Bracker, Allan S.; Gammon, Daniel] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ponomarev, Ilya V.] Thomson Reuters, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Scheibner, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Merced, 5200 N Lake Rd, Merced, CA 95343 USA. EM mscheibner@ucmerced.edu RI Ponomarev, Ilya/F-5183-2010 OI Ponomarev, Ilya/0000-0002-8584-6034 NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 14 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 29 IS 2 BP A82 EP A85 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA 894DN UT WOS:000300407300012 ER PT J AU Sun, B Yao, W Xu, XD Bracker, AS Gammon, D Sham, LJ Steel, D AF Sun, Bo Yao, Wang Xu, Xiaodong Bracker, Allan S. Gammon, Daniel Sham, L. J. Steel, Duncan TI Persistent optical nuclear spin narrowing in a singly charged InAs quantum dot SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID STATE PREPARATION; ELECTRON-SPIN; SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITATION; LOCKING AB We review the investigation of the hole-assisted dynamical nuclear spin polarization mechanism in a singly charged InAs quantum dot. Using coherent dark state spectroscopy, we measure the locking of the Overhauser field to a value determined only by the laser frequencies. Importantly, we review data that the locking effect can suppress nuclear spin fluctuations. We determine the onset time of the nuclear spin narrowing effect and its persistence absent laser interactions by directly measuring the enhancement of the electron spin coherence. This nuclear field locking effect can be explained in terms of an anisotropic hyperfine coupling between the hole spin and the nuclear spins. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Sun, Bo; Steel, Duncan] Univ Michigan, Harrison M Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Yao, Wang] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Yao, Wang] Univ Hong Kong, Ctr Theoret & Computat Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Xu, Xiaodong] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bracker, Allan S.; Gammon, Daniel] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sham, L. J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Steel, D (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Harrison M Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM dst@eecs.umich.edu RI Yao, Wang/C-1353-2008 OI Yao, Wang/0000-0003-2883-4528 FU United States Army Research Office (USARO) MURI [W911NF0910406]; National Science Foundation (NSF); United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) FX We thank L.-M. Duan and Z.-X. Gong for fruitful discussions. This research was supported by the United States Army Research Office (USARO) MURI award W911NF0910406. The authors would also like to acknowledge the National Science Foundation (NSF), United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR), and Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) for their support. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 29 IS 2 BP A119 EP A126 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 894DN UT WOS:000300407300016 ER PT J AU Xu, X Su, M Levy, NB Kaur, P Garcia, R Mohtashamian, A Broome, HE Dell'Aquila, ML Wang, HY AF Xu, X. Su, M. Levy, N. B. Kaur, P. Garcia, R. Mohtashamian, A. Broome, H. E. Dell'Aquila, M. L. Wang, H-Y TI Myeloid Neoplasia with t(3;8)(q26;q24): Report of Four Cases and Review of the English Literature SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 101st Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 17-23, 2012 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol C1 Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. Dartmonth Hitchcook Med Ctr, Lebanon, NH USA. USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 25 SU 2 MA 1598 BP 382A EP 382A PG 1 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 888EP UT WOS:000299986902110 ER PT J AU Kramida, A Brown, CM Feldman, U Reader, J AF Kramida, A. Brown, C. M. Feldman, U. Reader, J. TI Extension and new level optimization of the Ne IV spectrum SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLY IONIZED NEON; ENERGY-LEVELS; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET; LINES; SPECTROSCOPY; FORBIDDEN AB Spectra of Ne emitted by a Penning discharge were recorded in the extreme ultraviolet region between 140 and 359 angstrom on a 10.7 m grazing-incidence spectrograph with phosphor storage image plates. These spectra provided 33 newly identified lines of Ne IV and improved measurements of an additional 58 lines in this spectral region. In addition, 42 lines were newly identified in the previously observed spectra of a capillary discharge (Gallardo et al 2007 Spectrosc. Lett. 40 879) in the vacuum ultraviolet region between 586 and 1410 angstrom. Combining these new measurements and identifications with those previously reported in the literature, we derived 45 new energy levels of Ne IV and significantly improved the accuracy of most of the previously known ones. C1 [Kramida, A.; Reader, J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20889 USA. [Brown, C. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Feldman, U.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. RP Kramida, A (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20889 USA. EM alexander.kramida@nist.gov OI Kramida, Alexander/0000-0002-0788-8087 FU Office of Fusion Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX We are grateful to G Nave and C Sansonetti for their assistance in conducting this research and to Yu Ralchenko for helpful discussions and help in modeling the line intensities. The work at NIST was supported in part by the Office of Fusion Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy and by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The NRL portion of this work was supported in part by the NASA-funded part of the EIS Solar B program. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-8949 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 85 IS 2 AR 025303 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/85/02/025303 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 894EW UT WOS:000300410800017 ER PT J AU Boris, DR Fernsler, RF Walton, SG AF Boris, D. R. Fernsler, R. F. Walton, S. G. TI A comparative study of dc biased RF impedance probes and Langmuir probes for the measurement of processing plasma parameters SO PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-DENSITY; RESONANCE PROBE; ABSORPTION AB In this work, we compare measurements of electron density (n(e)), plasma potential (phi(p)), electron temperature (T-e), and electron energy distribution function (EEDF or f(E)) made with a dc biased RF probe and a Langmuir probe. The measurements show good agreement between the two probes across an order of magnitude in plasma density. C1 [Boris, D. R.; Fernsler, R. F.; Walton, S. G.] USN, Res Lab, Charge Particle Phys Branch Code 6752, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Boris, DR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Charge Particle Phys Branch Code 6752, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.boris@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory FX The authors thank the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program for supporting this research effort. In addition the authors thank the National Research Council, as this work was carried out while DRB held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0963-0252 J9 PLASMA SOURCES SCI T JI Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 21 IS 1 AR 015011 DI 10.1088/0963-0252/21/1/015011 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 893XL UT WOS:000300390900012 ER PT J AU Lim, AA Allam, KA Taneja, R Kawamoto, HK AF Lim, Alan A. Allam, Karam A. Taneja, Rashimi Kawamoto, Henry K. TI Construction of the Philtral Column Using Palmaris Longus Tendon SO PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Letter ID SECONDARY CLEFT-LIP C1 [Kawamoto, Henry K.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, Santa Monica, CA 90404 USA. [Lim, Alan A.] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Plast & Reconstruct Surg, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Allam, Karam A.] Sohag Univ, Dept Plast Surg, Sohag, Egypt. [Taneja, Rashimi] Fortis Fit Lt Rajan Dhali Hosp, New Delhi, India. RP Kawamoto, HK (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, 1301 20th St,Suite 460, Santa Monica, CA 90404 USA. EM kawamoto@ucla.edu NR 5 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0032-1052 J9 PLAST RECONSTR SURG JI Plast. Reconstr. Surg. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 129 IS 2 BP 374E EP 375E DI 10.1097/PRS.0b013e31823af008 PG 2 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 891TR UT WOS:000300240000034 PM 22286469 ER PT J AU Kasper, MR Blair, PJ Touch, S Sokhal, B Yasuda, CY Williams, M Richards, AL Burgess, TH Wierzba, TF Putnam, SD AF Kasper, Matthew R. Blair, Patrick J. Touch, Sok Sokhal, Buth Yasuda, Chadwick Y. Williams, Maya Richards, Allen L. Burgess, Timothy H. Wierzba, Thomas F. Putnam, Shannon D. TI Infectious Etiologies of Acute Febrile Illness among Patients Seeking Health Care in South-Central Cambodia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; SENTINEL SURVEILLANCE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M; UNKNOWN ORIGIN; SPOTTED-FEVER; DENGUE VIRUS; INFLUENZA; HEPATITIS; CHILDREN; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB The agents of human febrile illness can vary by region and country suggesting that diagnosis, treatment, and control programs need to be based on a methodical evaluation of area-specific etiologies. From December 2006 to December 2009, 9,997 individuals presenting with acute febrile illness at nine health care clinics in south-central Cambodia were enrolled in a study to elucidate the etiologies. Upon enrollment, respiratory specimens, whole blood, and serum were collected. Testing was performed for viral, bacterial, and parasitic pathogens. Etiologies were identified in 38.0% of patients. Influenza was the most frequent pathogen, followed by dengue, malaria, and bacterial pathogens isolated from blood culture. In addition, 3.5% of enrolled patients were infected with more than one pathogen. Our data provide the first systematic assessment of the etiologies of acute febrile illness in south-central Cambodia. Data from syndromic-based surveillance studies can help guide public health responses in developing nations. C1 [Kasper, Matthew R.] USN, Dept Bacteriol, Med Res Unit 6, Lima, Peru. [Blair, Patrick J.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Touch, Sok] Communicable Dis Control Dept, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Sokhal, Buth] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Yasuda, Chadwick Y.] USN, Med Res Unit 2, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Williams, Maya] USN, Dept Virol, Med Res Unit 6, Lima, Peru. [Richards, Allen L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Burgess, Timothy H.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Wierzba, Thomas F.] Int Vaccine Inst, Seoul, South Korea. RP Kasper, MR (reprint author), USN, Dept Bacteriol, Med Res Unit 6, Unit 3230,DPO,AA 34031, Lima, Peru. EM matthew.kasper@med.navy.mil; Patrick.blair@med.navy.mil; touch358@moh.gov.kh; buthsokhal@yahoo.com; chad@namru2.org.kh; Maya.williams@med.navy.mil; Allen.Richards@med.navy.mil; thurgess@idcrp.org; twierzba@ivi.int; Shan.putnam@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU U.S. Department of Defense Global Emerging Infectious Systems (DoD-GEIS); U.S. Department of State; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Defense Global Emerging Infectious Systems (DoD-GEIS), the Biosecurity Engagement Program, U.S. Department of State, and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.; We are grateful to the clinicians and medical staff at the field sites in Cambodia for their assistance in enrolling and sampling patients. We thank laboratory personnel and field staff of NAMRU2-Phnom Penh for the conduct of work performed in support of this study. NR 32 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 86 IS 2 BP 246 EP 253 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0409 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 886PQ UT WOS:000299866700014 PM 22302857 ER PT J AU Brasier, AR Ju, H Garcia, J Spratt, HM Victor, SS Forshey, BM Halsey, ES Comach, G Sierra, G Blair, PJ Rocha, C Morrison, AC Scott, TW Bazan, I Kochel, TJ AF Brasier, Allan R. Ju, Hyunsu Garcia, Josefina Spratt, Heidi M. Victor, Sundar S. Forshey, Brett M. Halsey, Eric S. Comach, Guillermo Sierra, Gloria Blair, Patrick J. Rocha, Claudio Morrison, Amy C. Scott, Thomas W. Bazan, Isabel Kochel, Tadeusz J. CA Venezuelan Dengue Fever Working TI A Three-Component Biomarker Panel for Prediction of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID DISEASE SEVERITY; INFECTION; VIRUS; CHILDREN; AMERICA; ILLNESS; CELLS AB Dengue virus infections are a major cause of morbidity in tropical countries. Early detection of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) may help identify individuals that would benefit from intensive therapy. Predictive modeling was performed using 11 laboratory values of 51 individuals (38 DIP and 13 DHF) obtained on initial presentation using logistic regression. We produced a robust model with an area under the curve of 0.9615 that retained IL-10 levels, platelets, and lymphocytes as the major predictive features. A classification and regression tree was developed on these features that were 86% accurate on cross-validation. The IL-.10 levels and platelet counts were also identified as the most informative features associated with DHF using a Random Forest classifier. In the presence of polymerase chain reaction-proven acute dengue infections, we suggest a complete blood count and rapid measurement of IL-10 can assist in the triage of potential DHF cases for close follow-up or clinical intervention improving clinical outcome. C1 [Brasier, Allan R.] UTMB, Dept Internal Med, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Ju, Hyunsu; Spratt, Heidi M.] UTMB, Dept Prevent Med & Community Hlth, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Garcia, Josefina; Forshey, Brett M.; Halsey, Eric S.; Rocha, Claudio] US Naval Med Res Unit Six Unit 3230, Dpo Aa, FL USA. [Victor, Sundar S.] UTMB, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Comach, Guillermo; Sierra, Gloria; Bazan, Isabel] Univ Carabobo, Inst Invest Biomed, Estado Aragua, Venezuela. [Blair, Patrick J.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Morrison, Amy C.; Scott, Thomas W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kochel, Tadeusz J.] USN, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Brasier, AR (reprint author), UTMB, Dept Internal Med, MRB 8-128,301 Univ Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM arbrasie@utmb.edu; hyju@utmb.edu; Josefina.Garcia@med.navy.mil; hespratt@utmb.edu; ssvictor@utmb.edu; brett.forshey@gmail.com; Eric.halsey@med.navy.mil; gcomach@cantv.net; gmsierrac@yahoo.com; Patrick.Blair@med.navy.mil; claudio.rocha@med.navy.mil; amy.aegypti@gmail.com; twscott@ucdavis.edu; isabelbazana@gmail.com; Tad.kochel@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU NIH/NIAID Clinical Proteomics Center [HHSN272200800048C, 1U54RR02614 UTMB CTSA]; Military Infectious Diseases Research Program work unit [6000RAD1.S.B0302] FX This work was supported by the NIH/NIAID Clinical Proteomics Center, HHSN272200800048C (ARB), 1U54RR02614 UTMB CTSA (ARB) and the Military Infectious Diseases Research Program work unit 6000RAD1.S.B0302. NR 28 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 86 IS 2 BP 341 EP 348 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0460 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 886PQ UT WOS:000299866700029 PM 22302872 ER PT J AU Maina, AN Knobel, DL Jiang, J Halliday, J Feikin, DR Cleaveland, S Ng'ang'a, Z Junghae, M Breiman, RF Richards, AL Njenga, MK AF Maina, Alice N. Knobel, Darryn L. Jiang, Ju Halliday, Jo Feikin, Daniel R. Cleaveland, Sarah Ng'ang'a, Zipporah Junghae, Muthoni Breiman, Robert F. Richards, Allen L. Njenga, M. Kariuki TI Rickettsia fells Infection in Febrile Patients, Western Kenya, 2007-2010 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; SPOTTED-FEVER; TUNISIA; TYPHUS; FELIS AB To determine previous exposure and incidence of rickettsial infections in western Kenya during 2007-2010, we conducted hospital-based surveillance. Antibodies against rickettsiae were detected in 57.4% of previously collected serum samples. In a 2008-2010 prospective study, Rickettsia felis DNA was 2.2x more likely to be detected in febrile than in afebrile persons. C1 [Maina, Alice N.; Ng'ang'a, Zipporah] Jomo Kenyatta Univ Agr & Technol, Nairobi, Kenya. [Maina, Alice N.; Knobel, Darryn L.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Knobel, Darryn L.] Univ Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa. [Jiang, Ju; Richards, Allen L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Halliday, Jo; Cleaveland, Sarah] Univ Glasgow, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Feikin, Daniel R.; Junghae, Muthoni; Breiman, Robert F.; Njenga, M. Kariuki] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Njenga, MK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Global Dis Detect, 2239 St Johns Pl, Woodbury, MN 55129 USA. EM knjenga@ke.cdc.gov FU US State Department Biosecurity Engagement; Wellcome Trust UK [081828/B/06/Z]; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; US Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System Program FX This research was supported by the US State Department Biosecurity Engagement Program, Wellcome Trust UK (grant no. 081828/B/06/Z), the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the US Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System Program. NR 15 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2012 VL 18 IS 2 BP 328 EP 331 DI 10.3201/eid1802.111372 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 889MU UT WOS:000300078600025 PM 22304807 ER PT J AU Haque, A Arnaud, F Teranishi, K Okada, T Kim, B Moon-Massat, PF Auker, C McCarron, R Freilich, D Scultetus, AH AF Haque, Ashraful Arnaud, Francoise Teranishi, Kohsuke Okada, Tomoaki Kim, Bobby Moon-Massat, Paula F. Auker, Charles McCarron, Richard Freilich, Daniel Scultetus, Anke H. TI Pre-hospital Resuscitation with HBOC-201 and rFVIIa Compared to HBOC-201 Alone in Uncontrolled Hemorrhagic Shock in Swine SO ARTIFICIAL CELLS BLOOD SUBSTITUTES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hemorrhage; resuscitation; pre-hospital trauma care; HBOC-201; rFVIIa ID ACTIVATED FACTOR-VII; RECOMBINANT FACTOR VIIA; TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; POLYMERIZED HEMOGLOBIN HBOC-201; DECREASES BLOOD-LOSS; V LIVER-INJURIES; OXYGEN CARRIER; NONCOAGULOPATHIC PIGS; DELAYED EVACUATION; COAGULOPATHY AB In a previous dose escalation study our group found that combining 90 mu g/kg rFVIIa with HBOC-201 reduced blood loss and improved physiologic parameters compared to HBOC alone. In this follow-up study in a swine liver injury model, we found that while there were no adverse hematology effects and trends observed in the previous study were confirmed, statistical significance could not be reached. Additional pre-clinical studies are indicated to identify optimal components of a multifunctional blood substitute for clinical use in trauma. C1 [Haque, Ashraful; Arnaud, Francoise; Teranishi, Kohsuke; Okada, Tomoaki; Kim, Bobby; Moon-Massat, Paula F.; Auker, Charles; McCarron, Richard; Freilich, Daniel; Scultetus, Anke H.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Operat & Undersea Med Directorate, NeuroTrauma Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Arnaud, Francoise; Scultetus, Anke H.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Auker, Charles] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Mil & Emergency Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Auker, Charles] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Haque, A (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Operat & Undersea Med Directorate, NeuroTrauma Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM ashraful.haque@med.navy.mil FU BUMED Core Capability Funding Work Unit [602236N.4426.W26.A0241] FX This work was supported by BUMED Core Capability Funding Work Unit Number 602236N.4426.W26.A0241. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1073-1199 J9 ARTIF CELL BLOOD SUB JI Artif. Cells Blood Substit. Biotechnol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 40 IS 1-2 BP 44 EP 55 DI 10.3109/10731199.2011.585615 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering; Materials Science GA 884HW UT WOS:000299696500006 PM 21806503 ER PT J AU Hartkopf, WI Tokovinin, A Mason, BD AF Hartkopf, William I. Tokovinin, Andrei Mason, Brian D. TI SPECKLE INTERFEROMETRY AT SOAR IN 2010 AND 2011: MEASURES, ORBITS, AND RECTILINEAR FITS SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: general; techniques: interferometric ID VISUAL BINARY STARS; PHASES DIFFERENTIAL ASTROMETRY; LINED SPECTROSCOPIC BINARIES; PROPER-MOTION STARS; ADAPTIVE OPTICS; RECALCULATED ORBITS; RADIAL-VELOCITY; SYSTEM MASSES; 1ST ORBITS; CD-ROM AB We report on the results of speckle observations at the 4.1 m SOAR telescope in 2010 and 2011. A total of 639 objects were observed. We give 562 measurements of 418 resolved binaries, including 21 pairs resolved for the first time, and upper detection limits for 221 unresolved stars. New orbital elements have been determined for 42 physical pairs, of which 22 are first-time calculations; the rest are corrections, sometimes substantial. Linear elements are calculated for nine apparently optical doubles. We comment on new pairs, new orbital solutions, and other remarkable objects. C1 [Hartkopf, William I.; Mason, Brian D.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. [Tokovinin, Andrei] Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, La Serena, Chile. RP Hartkopf, WI (reprint author), USN Observ, 3450 Massachusetts Ave, Washington, DC 20392 USA. EM wih@usno.navy.mil; atokovinin@ctio.noao.edu; bdm@usno.navy.mil OI Tokovinin, Andrei/0000-0002-2084-0782 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the Terrestrial Planet Finder Foundation [NNH06AD70I]; U. S. Naval Observatory FX The USNO speckle interferometry program has been supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant no. NNH06AD70I, issued through the Terrestrial Planet Finder Foundation Science program. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. Thanks are also extended to Ken Johnston and the U. S. Naval Observatory for their continued support of the Double Star Program. NR 144 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 143 IS 2 AR 42 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/143/2/42 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 885TL UT WOS:000299803600017 ER PT J AU Reini, SA Fothergill, DM Gasier, HG Horn, WG AF Reini, Seth A. Fothergill, David M. Gasier, Heath G. Horn, Wayne G. TI Propranolol's Potential to Increase Survival Time in a Disabled Submarine SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE propranolol; submarine; survival; carbon dioxide; cardiac output ID BETA-ADRENERGIC-BLOCKADE; CARDIAC-OUTPUT; HEALTHY-MEN; EXERCISE; HYPERTENSION; ANXIETY AB REINI SA, FOTHERGILL DM, GASIER HG, HORN WG. Propranolol's potential to increase survival time in a disabled submarine. Aviat Space Environ Med 2012; 83:131-5. Background: While awaiting rescue from a disabled submarine, survivors will likely endure an atmosphere of rising CO2 that will result in CO2 toxicity once the available emergency CO2 scrubbing materials are exhausted. Propranolol is a p-blocker that may increase survival time by reducing metabolic CO2 production ((V)over dotCO(2)). The purpose of this study was to determine if propranolol reduces resting (V)over dotCO(2) in healthy men. Methods: Eight healthy men completed a counterbalanced, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded crossover study in which each subject received propranolol (40 mg twice daily) or placebo (lactose pill twice daily) over 72 h. The alternate condition was separated by a minimum 96-h washout period. Resting (V)over dotCO(2), oxygen consumption ((V)over dotCO(2)), ventilation ((V)over dot), respiration rate (RR), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and cardiac output ((Q)over dot) were measured each morning and afternoon. Results: When compared to placebo, propranolol significantly reduced (V)over dotCO(2) (-6.5%), MAP (-3.6%), HR (-10.4%), and 0 (-8.2%); however, there were no significant differences in (V)over dotCO(2), RR, (V)over dot, or RER. Discussion: These results show that 40 mg of propranolol taken twice daily reduces resting (V)over dotCO(2) in healthy men and suggests that this treatment strategy may increase survival time in a disabled submarine scenario. C1 [Reini, Seth A.; Fothergill, David M.; Gasier, Heath G.; Horn, Wayne G.] USN, Submarine Med Res Lab, Groton, CT USA. RP Reini, SA (reprint author), 825 5th Ave,Apt 302, San Diego, CA 92101 USA. EM seth.reini@med.navy.mil NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 83 IS 2 BP 131 EP 135 DI 10.3357/ASEM.3136.2012 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 880IF UT WOS:000299400100007 PM 22303592 ER PT J AU Gerke, TL Scheckel, KG Ray, RI Little, BJ AF Gerke, T. L. Scheckel, K. G. Ray, R. I. Little, B. J. TI Can Dynamic Bubble Templating Play a Role in Corrosion Product Morphology? SO CORROSION LA English DT Article DE iron; mu-x-ray diffraction; mu-x-ray fluorescence mapping; morphologies; tube-shaped corrosion ID WATER DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEM; IRON PIPE CORROSION; CAST-IRON; DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; SCALES; RELEASE; TUBERCLES; GROWTH AB Dynamic templating as a result of cathodic hydrogen gas production is suggested as a possible mechanism for the formation of tube-like corrosion products on an unlined cast iron pipe in a drinking water distribution system. Mounds of corrosion product, with protruding tubes and freestanding tubes, were observed within a single 30 cm section of piping. Internal morphologies for all shapes were texturally complex although mineralogically simple, composed of two iron oxide/oxyhydroxides minerals: alpha-FeOOH (goethite) and Fe3O4 (magnetite). Static templating by either microorganisms or minerals was rejected as a possible mechanism for tube formation in this study. C1 [Gerke, T. L.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Scheckel, K. G.] US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Ray, R. I.; Little, B. J.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Gerke, TL (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM Tammie.Gerke@uc.edu RI Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) - Basic Energy Sciences; NSERC; University of Washington; Simon Fraser University; Advanced Photon Source; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; ONR [61153N, NRL/JA/7330-11-0717] FX PNC/XOR facilities at the Advanced Photon Source, and research at these facilities, are supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) - Basic Energy Sciences, a major facilities access grant from NSERC, the University of Washington, Simon Fraser University, and the Advanced Photon Source. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank S.A. Walley and J.B. Maynard for insightful comments on earlier versions of this paper, M.K. DeSantis for digital images of the iron corrosion products, and A. Lane (ELE, Inc.) for graphic support. The work at NRL was supported by ONR program elements 61153N, NRL/JA/7330-11-0717. The opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official positions and policies of the USEPA. Any mention of product or trade names does not constitute recommendation for use by the USEPA. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU NATL ASSOC CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0010-9312 J9 CORROSION JI Corrosion PD FEB PY 2012 VL 68 IS 2 AR 025004 DI 10.5006/1.3683226 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 882CS UT WOS:000299539600005 ER PT J AU Sharma, S Shi, Y Hou, YT Sherali, HD Kompella, S Midkiff, SF AF Sharma, Sushant Shi, Yi Hou, Y. Thomas Sherali, Hanif D. Kompella, Sastry Midkiff, Scott F. TI Joint Flow Routing and Relay Node Assignment in Cooperative Multi-Hop Networks SO IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Cooperative communications; flow routing; relay assignment; multi-hop; wireless network ID AD HOC NETWORKS; WIRELESS NETWORKS; DIVERSITY; THROUGHPUT; STRATEGIES; ALLOCATION AB It has been shown that cooperative communications (CC) has the potential to significantly increase the capacity of wireless networks. However, most of the existing results are limited to single-hop wireless networks. To explore the behavior of CC in multi-hop wireless networks, we study a joint optimization problem of relay node assignment and flow routing for a group of sessions. We develop a mathematical model and propose a solution procedure based on the branch-and-bound framework augmented with cutting planes (BB-CP). We design several novel components to speed-up the computational time of BB-CP. Via numerical results, we show the potential rate gain that can be achieved by incorporating CC in multi-hop networks. C1 [Sharma, Sushant] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11705 USA. [Sharma, Sushant; Shi, Yi; Hou, Y. Thomas; Sherali, Hanif D.; Midkiff, Scott F.] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Kompella, Sastry] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Sharma, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11705 USA. EM sushant@bnl.gov; yshi@vt.edu; thou@vt.edu; han-ifs@vt.edu; sastry.kompella@nrl.navy.mil; midkiff@vt.edu OI Midkiff, Scott/0000-0003-4933-7360 FU NSF [CNS-1064953]; ONR FX The work of Y.T. Hou, H.D. Sherali, and S.F. Midkiff was supported in part by NSF under grant CNS-1064953. The work of S. Kompella was supported in part by the ONR. NR 24 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0733-8716 J9 IEEE J SEL AREA COMM JI IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 30 IS 2 BP 254 EP 262 DI 10.1109/JSAC.2012.120203 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 881TL UT WOS:000299512000003 ER PT J AU Prasarn, ML Baria, D Milne, E Latta, L Sukovich, W AF Prasarn, Mark L. Baria, Dinah Milne, Edward Latta, Loren Sukovich, William TI Adjacent-level biomechanics after single versus multilevel cervical spine fusion Laboratory investigation SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY-SPINE LA English DT Article DE cervical spine; adjacent level disease; multilevel fusion; fusion; arthrodesis; biomechanics; segmental motion ID INTRADISCAL PRESSURE; ANTERIOR DISKECTOMY; SEGMENTAL MOTION; INTERBODY FUSION; DISC DISEASE; FOLLOW-UP; ARTHRODESIS; RADICULOPATHY; DISLOCATIONS; MYELOPATHY AB Object. Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with spinal fusion are at greater risk for adjacent-segment disease and require additional surgery. It has been postulated that excessive motion of a given motion segment unit (MSU) leads to an increased risk of disc degeneration. It is the authors' hypothesis that a greater increase in adjacent-segment motion will be observed following a 2-level versus a single-level anterior cervical discectomy and instrumented fusion (ACDF). Therefore, they undertook this study to determine the effect of single-level versus 2-level ACDF on the biomechanics of adjacent MSUs. Methods. Ten fresh-frozen human cervical spines were used in this study. The specimens were potted at C-4 and T-1 and tested in flexion and extension. Range of motion (ROM) was 30 degrees of flexion and 15 degrees of extension at a maximum load of 50 N. The specimens were tested intact and then were randomized into 2 groups of 5 specimens each. Group I underwent a single-level ACDF at the C5-6 level first, and Group 2 underwent the procedure at the C6-7 level. After testing, both groups had the fusion extended to include the C5-7 levels, and the testing was repeated. Changes in overall ROM, stiffness, and segmental motion were calculated and statistically analyzed using a paired Student t-test. Results. An increase in sagittal ROM of 31.30% above (p = 0.012) and 33.88% below (p = 0.066) the fused MSU was found comparing a 2-level with a 1-level ACDF. The overall stiffness of the entire spinal construct increased 37.34% (p = 0.051) in extension and 30.59% (p = 0.013) in flexion as the second fusion level was added. As expected, the overall sagittal ROM of the entire spinal construct decreased by 13.68% (p = 0.0014) with a 2-level compared with a 1-level fusion. Conclusions. This study has shown that the biomechanics at adjacent levels to a cervical spine fusion are altered and that there is increased adjacent-segment motion at the levels above and below, after a 2-level compared with a 1-level ACDF. (DOI: 10.3171/2011.10.SPINE11116) C1 [Prasarn, Mark L.] Univ Miami, Dept Orthopaed, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Baria, Dinah] Univ Miami, Dept Biomed Engn, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Milne, Edward; Latta, Loren] Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Max Biedermann Inst Biomech, Miami, FL USA. [Sukovich, William] USN, Med Ctr, Div Spine Surg, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP Prasarn, ML (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Sch Houston, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 6400 Fannin,Suite 1700, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM markprasarn@yahoo.com FU DePuy Spine FX Mr. Milne, Dr. Latta, and Dr. Sukovich report receiving clinical or research support for this study from DePuy Spine. Dr. Sukovich is a consultant for and has direct stock ownership in NuVasive and has direct stock ownership in TranS1. NR 28 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS PI ROLLING MEADOWS PA 5550 MEADOWBROOK DRIVE, ROLLING MEADOWS, IL 60008 USA SN 1547-5654 EI 1547-5646 J9 J NEUROSURG-SPINE JI J. Neurosurg.-Spine PD FEB PY 2012 VL 16 IS 2 BP 172 EP 177 DI 10.3171/2011.10.SPINE11116 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 882TA UT WOS:000299585600012 PM 22136389 ER PT J AU Onate, JA Dewey, T Kollock, RO Thomas, KS Van Lunen, BL DeMaio, M Ringleb, SI AF Onate, James A. Dewey, Thomas Kollock, Roger O. Thomas, Kathleen S. Van Lunen, Bonnie L. DeMaio, Marlene Ringleb, Stacie I. TI REAL-TIME INTERSESSION AND INTERRATER RELIABILITY OF THE FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREEN SO JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE screening; preparticipation examination; functional performance assessment ID LOWER-EXTREMITY INJURY; ERROR SCORING SYSTEM; SCHOOL BASKETBALL PLAYERS; TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY; VISUAL GAIT ANALYSIS; LOW-BACK-PAIN; CEREBRAL-PALSY; BALANCE; STRENGTH; TESTS AB Onate, JA, Dewey, T, Kollock, RO, Thomas, KS, Van Lunen, BL, DeMaio, M, and Ringleb, SI. Real-time intersession and interrater reliability of the functional movement screen. J Strength Cond Res 26(2): 408-415, 2012-The purpose of this study was to examine the real-time intersession and interrater reliability of the functional movement screen (FMS). The overall study consisted of 19 volunteer civilians (12 male, 7 female). The intersession reliability consisted of 12 men and 7 women, whereas 10 men and 6 women participated in the interrater reliability test session. Two raters (A and B) were involved in the interrater reliability aspect of this study. The FMS includes 7 tests: deep squat (DS), hurdle step (HS), in-line lunge (IL), shoulder mobility (SM), active straight leg raise (ASLR), trunk stability push-up (TSPU), and rotary stability (RS). Researchers analyzed the data via intraclass correlation (ICC). To determine the reliability of the intersession scoring of the FMS and the intrasession interrater scoring of the FMS a 2-way mixed effects model intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC3,1) was used for the continuous data, whereas a weighted Cohen's kappa (kappa) was used for the categorical data. The dependent variables were FMS total score (0-21 scale) and associated tests were DS, HS, IL, SM, ASLR, TSPU, and RS. Intersession reliability (ICC, SEM) and kappa were as follows: FMS total score (0.92, 0.51), DS (kappa = 0.69), HS (kappa = 0.16), IL (kappa = 0.69), SM (kappa = 0.84), ASLR (kappa = 0.69), TSPU (kappa = 0.77), and RS (no covariance). Interrater reliability (ICC, SEAM and K were as follows: FMS total score (0.98, 0.25), DS (kappa = 1.0), HS (kappa = 0.33), IL (kappa = 0.88), SM (kappa = 0.90), ASLR (kappa = 0.88), TSPU (kappa = 0.75), and RS (no covariance). The FMS total scores displayed high intersession and interrater reliabilities. Finally, with the exception of HS, all tasks displayed moderate to high intersession reliability and good to high interrater reliability. C1 [Onate, James A.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Allied Med Profess, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Dewey, Thomas; Kollock, Roger O.; Thomas, Kathleen S.; Van Lunen, Bonnie L.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Human Movement Sci, Norfolk, VA USA. [DeMaio, Marlene] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Navy, Norfolk, VA USA. [Ringleb, Stacie I.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Norfolk, VA USA. RP Onate, JA (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Allied Med Profess, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM onate.2@osu.edu RI Onate, James/E-3790-2011 NR 50 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 3 U2 42 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1064-8011 J9 J STRENGTH COND RES JI J. Strength Cond. Res. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 26 IS 2 BP 408 EP 415 PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 886MD UT WOS:000299857600012 PM 22266547 ER PT J AU Lipov, EG Navaie, M Stedje-Larsen, ET Burkhardt, K Smith, JC Sharghi, LH Hickey, AH AF Lipov, Eugene G. Navaie, Maryam Stedje-Larsen, Eric T. Burkhardt, Kevin Smith, Jessica C. Sharghi, Leighla H. Hickey, Anita H. TI A Novel Application of Stellate Ganglion Block: Preliminary Observations for the Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID COMBAT C1 [Lipov, Eugene G.; Burkhardt, Kevin] Adv Pain Ctr SC, Hoffman Estates, IL 60169 USA. [Navaie, Maryam; Smith, Jessica C.; Sharghi, Leighla H.] Advance Hlth Solut LLC, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Stedje-Larsen, Eric T.; Hickey, Anita H.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Lipov, EG (reprint author), Adv Pain Ctr SC, 2260 W Higgins Rd,Suite 101, Hoffman Estates, IL 60169 USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 177 IS 2 BP 125 EP 127 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 886KC UT WOS:000299852300002 PM 22360054 ER PT J AU Brawley, S Fairbanks, K Nguyen, W Blivin, S Frantz, E AF Brawley, Stephen Fairbanks, Keith Nguyen, William Blivin, Steve Frantz, Earl TI Sports Medicine Training Room Clinic Model for the Military SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INJURY; RISK AB A transition from traditional problem-based clinics to the Sports Medicine and Reconditioning Team (SMART) clinic model was completed by January 2009 at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune. The SMART clinic model allows for more patients to be seen and enhances coordinated care between providers. The objective of this research is to show the advantages of implementing a training room team approach for the care of musculoskeletal injuries in active duty members by comparing the number of patients seen, the number of limited duty (LIMDU) periods, the number of physical evaluation boards (PEBs), and the percentage of orthopedic referrals. Electronic medical records for patients seen at sports medicine clinics between January 1, 2007 and December 31. 2010 were reviewed. Naval Hospital Camp Lejeune provided a database of patients placed on LIMDU and PEB from 2007 through 2010. Fifty-eight and twenty-four percent more encounters occurred in 2009 and 2010, respectively. than that in 2007. The percentage of LIMDU referred for PEB in 2010 was reduced to 9% compared to that in 2007. In conclusion. the SMART clinic model allows for more patients to be seen and a reduction in the percentage of patients recommended for PEB from LIMDU. C1 [Brawley, Stephen] US Naval Hosp Naples, Naples, Italy. [Fairbanks, Keith; Nguyen, William; Blivin, Steve; Frantz, Earl] USN, Dept Family Med, Hosp Camp Lejeune, Camp Lejeune, NC 28547 USA. RP Brawley, S (reprint author), US Naval Hosp Naples, Naples, Italy. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 177 IS 2 BP 135 EP 138 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 886KC UT WOS:000299852300004 PM 22360056 ER PT J AU Ritchie, JV Horne, ST Perry, J Gay, D AF Ritchie, James V. Horne, Simon T. Perry, Jonathan Gay, David TI Ultrasound Triage of Ocular Blast Injury in the Military Emergency Department SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OPEN-GLOBE INJURIES; FOREIGN-BODIES; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; OPERATIONS IRAQI; ENDURING FREEDOM; SOFT-TISSUE; ULTRASONOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSIS; PLAIN; SENSITIVITY AB Introduction: Ultrasound (US) provides rapid effective assessment of the globe. In Afghanistan, ocular blast injuries are common. We present a case series demonstrating the value of US in this context. Methods: 29 patients with suspected blast eye injury had both computed tomography (CT) of the head and ocular US as part of their standard care in a military hospital in Afghanistan. The US images were assessed by blinded consultants (emergency department and radiology) and compared with the CT reports. Results: 18 patients had an intraocular injury on either CT or US. CT identified 11 injuries. US detected 18, including all 11 detected by CT. Inter-rater agreement was high (28/29). Discussion: This series suggests that US may be as good as CT at detecting ocular blast injuries. However, inability to follow up local national patients meant that the clinical relevance of these findings cannot be quantified. US is likely to have a role on deployed operations in triaging possible ocular injuries. Conclusions: US is an easy, cheap alternative to CT for the assessment of blast injury to the eye. It appears to have identified all injuries detected by CT in this series and can be accurately interpreted by emergency physicians. C1 [Ritchie, James V.; Gay, David] USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Horne, Simon T.] MDHU Derriford, Plymouth PL6 8DH, Devon, England. [Perry, Jonathan] MDHU Peterborough, Peterborough PE3 9GZ, Cambs, England. RP Ritchie, JV (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 177 IS 2 BP 174 EP 178 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 886KC UT WOS:000299852300011 PM 22360063 ER PT J AU Mao, CY Narang, S Lopreiato, J AF Mao, Chad Y. Narang, Sandeep Lopreiato, Joseph TI Breastfeeding Practices in Military Families: A 12-Month Prospective Population-Based Study in the National Capital Region SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-MILK; WOMEN; DURATION; MOTHERS AB Breastfeeding practices in military families have not been widely investigated. The objective of this study was to measure the prevalence and duration of breast feeding among uniformed families and identify factors associated with breastfeeding. We conducted a prospective study of 253 mothers of new infants from July to December 2004. Initial information gathered included demographic data, feeding choices, and intended duration of breastfeeding. Follow-up surveys were conducted until 12 months postpartum. 51%, of mothers were breastfeeding at 6 months and 25% at I year. Mothers on active duty were equally likely to breastfeed than non active duty mothers. Officer mothers were 3 times more likely to breastfeed compared to enlisted mothers (p = 0.005). Mothers with higher education were twice as likely to breast feed longer (p = 0.015). Families participating in Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women. Infants. and Children (WIC) were 2.5 times less likely to breastfed at 1 year (p < 0.001). Our study shows a higher percentage of women initiating and maintaining breastfeeding compared to national data, but still less than current American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines. Our study suggests that to improve breastfeeding rates among uniformed families, more attention may need to be directed to younger, enlisted mothers and those families in a lower socioeconomic status or receiving WIC assistance. C1 [Mao, Chad Y.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Narang, Sandeep] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pediat, San Antonio, TX 78207 USA. [Lopreiato, Joseph] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Natl Capital Area Med Simulat Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Mao, CY (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 177 IS 2 BP 229 EP 234 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 886KC UT WOS:000299852300020 PM 22360072 ER PT J AU Yaremchuk, M Carrier, M AF Yaremchuk, Max Carrier, Matthew TI On the Renormalization of the Covariance Operators SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID VARIATIONAL ASSIMILATION; DIFFUSION OPERATOR; HEAT KERNEL; SYSTEM; OCEAN AB Many background error correlation (BEC) models in data assimilation are formulated in terms of a smoothing operator B, which simulates the action of the correlation matrix on a state vector normalized by respective BE variances. Under such formulation, B has to have a unit diagonal and requires appropriate renormalization by rescaling. The exact computation of the rescaling factors (diagonal elements of B) is a computationally expensive procedure, which needs an efficient numerical approximation. In this study approximate renormalization techniques based on the Monte Carlo (MC) and Hadamard matrix (HM) methods and on the analytic approximations derived under the assumption of the local homogeneity (LHA) of B are compared using realistic BEC models designed for oceanographic applications. It is shown that although the accuracy of the MC and HM methods can be improved by additional smoothing, their computational cost remains significantly higher than the LHA method, which is shown to be effective even in the zeroth-order approximation. The next approximation improves the accuracy 1.5-2 times at a moderate increase of CPU time. A heuristic relationship for the smoothing scale in two and three dimensions is proposed for the first-order LHA approximation. C1 [Yaremchuk, Max; Carrier, Matthew] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Yaremchuk, M (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Bldg 1009, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM max.yaremchuk@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [0602435N] FX This study was supported by the Office of Naval Research (Program Element 0602435N). NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 140 IS 2 BP 637 EP 649 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-11-00139.1 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 886JI UT WOS:000299850300018 ER PT J AU Iliopoulos, AP Michopoulos, JG Andrianopoulos, NP AF Iliopoulos, A. P. Michopoulos, J. G. Andrianopoulos, N. P. TI Performance Analysis of the Mesh-Free Random Grid Method for Full-Field Synthetic Strain Measurements SO STRAIN LA English DT Article DE digital imaging; displacement measurement; full-field strain measurement; hole specimen; material characterization; orthotropic; simulation ID DIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION; DEFORMATION FUNCTION; ERRORS AB In responding to the needs of the material characterization community, the recently developed mesh-free random grid method (MFRGM) has been exhibiting very promising characteristics of accuracy, adaptability, implementation flexibility and efficiency. To address the design specification of the method according to an intended application, we are presenting a sensitivity analysis that aids into determining the effects of the experimental and computational parameters characterizing the MFRGM in terms of its performance. The performance characteristics of the MFRGM are mainly its accuracy, sensitivity, smoothing properties and efficiency. In this paper, we are presenting a classification of a set of parameters associated with the characteristics of the experimental set-up and the random grid applied on the specimen under measurement. The applied sensitivity analysis is based on synthetic images produced from analytic solutions of specific isotropic and orthotropic elasticity boundary value problems. This analysis establishes the trends in the performance characteristics of the MFRGM that will enable the selection of the user controlled variables for a desired performance specification. C1 [Iliopoulos, A. P.] USN, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci,Res Lab,Code 6934, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Michopoulos, J. G.] USN, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Res Lab,Code 6934, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Andrianopoulos, N. P.] Natl Tech Univ Athens, Sch Appl Math & Phys, Sect Mech, GR-15773 Athens, Hellas, Greece. RP Iliopoulos, AP (reprint author), USN, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci,Res Lab,Code 6934, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 FU Office of Naval Research; NRL [6.1] FX The authors acknowledge the support by the Office of Naval Research and by NRL's 6.1 core-program. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0039-2103 J9 STRAIN JI Strain PD FEB PY 2012 VL 48 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1111/j.1475-1305.2010.00786.x PG 15 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 885MX UT WOS:000299784200001 ER PT J AU Luce-Fedrow, A Wright, C Gaff, HD Sonenshine, DE Hynes, WL Richards, AL AF Luce-Fedrow, Alison Wright, Chelsea Gaff, Holly D. Sonenshine, Daniel E. Hynes, Wayne L. Richards, Allen L. TI In vitro propagation of Candidatus Rickettsia andeanae isolated from Amblyomma maculatum SO FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rickettsia; spotted fever group; Amblyomma ID FEVER GROUP RICKETTSIA; GULF-COAST TICKS; NORTHERN PERU; PARKERI; CELLS; MODEL AB Candidatus Rickettsia andeanae was identified during an investigation of a febrile outbreak in northwestern Peru (2002). DNA sequencing from two ticks (Amblyomma maculatum, Ixodes boliviensis) collected during the investigation revealed a novel Rickettsia agent with similarity to the spotted fever group rickettsiae. Since then, Candidatus R.similar to andeanae has been detected in A.similar to maculatum ticks collected in the southeastern and southcentral United States, Argentina, and Peru. To date, Candidatus R.similar to andeanae has not been successfully cultivated in the laboratory. We present evidence for the continuous cultivation in three cell lines of Candidatus R.similar to andeanae isolated from an A.similar to maculatum tick (Portsmouth, Virginia). C1 [Richards, Allen L.] USN, Rickettsial Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Wright, Chelsea; Gaff, Holly D.; Sonenshine, Daniel E.; Hynes, Wayne L.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Coll Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Richards, AL (reprint author), USN, Rickettsial Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM allen.richards@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; OI Hynes, Wayne/0000-0003-3998-7781 FU Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System; Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, a Division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center [0000188M.0931.001.A0074] FX This work is supported by the Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, a Division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center; work unit number 0000188M.0931.001.A0074. NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0928-8244 J9 FEMS IMMUNOL MED MIC JI FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 64 IS 1 SI SI BP 74 EP 81 DI 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2011.00905.x PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 874LA UT WOS:000298957500011 PM 22098316 ER PT J AU Richards, AL AF Richards, Allen L. TI Worldwide detection and identification of new and old rickettsiae and rickettsial diseases SO FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rickettsia; Orientia; diagnostic assays; surveillance ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; SPECIMENS; DIAGNOSIS; TYPHUS; PCR AB To determine the prevalence and distribution of rickettsial pathogens around the world, scientists have relied more and more upon molecular techniques in addition to serological and culture methods. The ease of use and sensitivity/specificity of molecular techniques such as quantitative real-time PCR assays and multilocus sequence typing have lead to an increase in reports of the detection and identification of new and old rickettsiae in previously known and in new endemic regions. These assays have been successfully used with clinical samples such as serum, blood, and tissue biopsies and with environmental samples such as arthropod vectors including ticks, fleas, lice, and mites, and blood and tissue specimens from small mammal collections and from wild and domestic large animals. These methods have lead to the detection of new and old rickettsial pathogens often in new locations leading investigators to suggest new regions of risk of these rickettsioses. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Rickettsial Dis Res Program, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Richards, AL (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Rickettsial Dis Res Program, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM allen.richards@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, a Division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center [0000188M.0931.001.A0074] FX This work is supported by the Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, a Division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center; work unit number is 0000188M.0931.001.A0074. NR 19 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0928-8244 J9 FEMS IMMUNOL MED MIC JI FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 64 IS 1 SI SI BP 107 EP 110 DI 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2011.00875.x PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 874LA UT WOS:000298957500017 PM 22067055 ER PT J AU Gorantla, SK Kadloor, S Kiyavash, N Coleman, TP Moskowitz, IS Kang, MH AF Gorantla, Siva K. Kadloor, Sachin Kiyavash, Negar Coleman, Todd P. Moskowitz, Ira S. Kang, Myong H. TI Characterizing the Efficacy of the NRL Network Pump in Mitigating Covert Timing Channels SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY LA English DT Article DE Information-theoretic bounds; network security; NRL network pump; queueing theory; timing channels ID CAPACITY; FEEDBACK AB The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Network Pump, or Pump, is a standard for mitigating covert channels that arise in a multilevel secure (MLS) system when a high user (HU) sends acknowledgements to a low user (LU). The issue here is that HU can encode information in the "timings" of the acknowledgements. The Pump aims at mitigating the covert timing channel by introducing buffering between HU and LU, as well as adding noise to the acknowledgment timings. We model the working of the Pump in certain situations, as a communication system with feedback and use then this perspective to derive an upper bound on the capacity of the covert channel between HU and LU in the Pump. This upper bound is presented in terms of a directed information flow over the dynamics of the system. We also present an achievable scheme that can transmit information over this channel. When the support of the noise added by Pump to acknowledgment timings is finite, the achievable rate is nonzero, i.e., infinite number of bits can be reliably communicated. If the support of the noise is infinite, the achievable rate is zero and hence a finite number of bits can be communicated. C1 [Gorantla, Siva K.; Kadloor, Sachin; Kiyavash, Negar; Coleman, Todd P.] Univ Illinois, Coordinated Sci Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Moskowitz, Ira S.; Kang, Myong H.] USN, Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gorantla, SK (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Coordinated Sci Lab, 1101 W Springfield Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM sgorant2@illinois.edu; kadloor1@illinois.edu; kiyavash@illinois.edu; colemant@illinois.edu; ira.moskowitz@nrl.navy.mil; myong.kang@nrl.navy.mil FU MURI [FA9550-10-1-0573]; Naval Research Laboratory [N00173-09-1-G-033]; National Science Foundation Cybertrust [CNS-08-31488, FA9550-11-1-0016] FX Manuscript received December 15, 2010; revised May 16, 2011; accepted July 12, 2011. Date of publication August 01, 2011; date of current version January 13, 2012. This work was supported by Research Grant MURI FA9550-10-1-0573, Research Grant from the Naval Research Laboratory N00173-09-1-G-033, Research Grant from the National Science Foundation Cybertrust program CNS-08-31488, and Research Grant FA9550-11-1-0016. The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Prof. Miodrag Potkonjak. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1556-6013 EI 1556-6021 J9 IEEE T INF FOREN SEC JI IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensic Secur. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 7 IS 1 SI SI BP 64 EP 75 DI 10.1109/TIFS.2011.2163398 PN 1 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 880WA UT WOS:000299438100007 ER PT J AU Haverhals, LM Sulpizio, HM Fayos, ZA Trulove, MA Reichert, WM Foley, MP De Long, HC Trulove, PC AF Haverhals, Luke M. Sulpizio, Hadley M. Fayos, Zane A. Trulove, Matthew A. Reichert, W. Matthew Foley, Matthew P. De Long, Hugh C. Trulove, Paul C. TI Process variables that control natural fiber welding: time, temperature, and amount of ionic liquid SO CELLULOSE LA English DT Article DE Cellulose dissolution; Cellulose fiber; Composite; Ionic liquid; Partial dissolution ID ALL-CELLULOSE COMPOSITES; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SURFACE SELECTIVE DISSOLUTION; MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE; STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; IR AB A systematic study of variables that affect the fiber welding process is presented. Cotton cloth samples are treated with controlled amounts of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate for a series of times and temperatures. Diluting the ionic liquid with a volatile molecular co-solvent allows temporal and spatial control of the welding process not possible with neat ionic liquids. Materials are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and mechanical (tensile) testing. Results suggest careful management of process variables permits controlled, reproducible manipulation of chemical and physical properties. C1 [Haverhals, Luke M.; Sulpizio, Hadley M.; Fayos, Zane A.; Trulove, Matthew A.; Reichert, W. Matthew; Foley, Matthew P.; Trulove, Paul C.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [De Long, Hugh C.] USAF, Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Trulove, PC (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM trulove@usna.edu FU US Air Force Office of Scientific Research; US Naval Academy FX We are grateful to the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research and US Naval Academy for funding portions of this work. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the US Air Force or the US Navy. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0969-0239 J9 CELLULOSE JI Cellulose PD FEB PY 2012 VL 19 IS 1 BP 13 EP 22 DI 10.1007/s10570-011-9605-0 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 874YN UT WOS:000298994600002 ER PT J AU Sutton, JA Williams, BA Fleming, JW AF Sutton, Jeffrey A. Williams, Bradley A. Fleming, James W. TI Investigation of NCN and prompt-NO formation in low-pressure C1-C4 alkane flames SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE NO(x); Prompt NO; Low-pressure flames; Laser-induced fluorescence; NO precursors; NCN ID CH; MECHANISM; CH+N-2; STATE; KINETICS; PROPANE; METHANE; HCN AB Temperature, CH, NCN, and NO profiles were measured for eight low-pressure hydrocarbon flames fueled by methane, ethane, propane, and butane using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) diagnostics. These measurements were used (1) to assess NCN and prompt-NO formation chemistry across a series of fuels of increasing number of carbons at different equivalence ratios (phi, = 1.07 and 1.28); (2) to examine the predictive capabilities of current C1-C4 hydrocarbon and NCN formation/consumption combustion mechanisms on properly capturing prompt-NO formation and (3) to examine the postulation that additional prompt-NO precursors (other than CH) exist for fuels larger than methane. For a given equivalence ratio, the measured peak CH concentration is fairly constant across all four fuels, while both the peak NCN and post-flame NO concentrations steadily increase. Furthermore, it is found that as the fuels increase in number of carbons, i.e., methane to butane, the correlation between the peak NCN and post-flame NO remains high, while the correlation between peak CH and peak NCN and peak CH and post-flame NO becomes increasingly lower. This is especially evident for rich flame cases. The experimental profiles are compared to numerical calculations using two comprehensive kinetic mechanisms suitable for C4 chemistry, where the CH + N(2) --> NCN + H reaction is assumed as the only prompt-NO initiation reaction. For the phi = 1.28 flame cases, CH is over-predicted using both mechanisms for all four fuels and by as much as 60%, while for the phi = 1.07 cases, CH is predicted to within 15% of the experimentally-derived results, although there is some discrepancy concerning the spatial locations of the CH profiles. For both NCN and NO, there is an increasing under-prediction for the phi = 1.28 cases as the fuel increases in number of carbons, while for the phi = 1.07 cases there is a systematic under-prediction of NCN and NO with a weaker (although evident) fuel dependence. From the experimental results and the comparison to modeling predictions, it is apparent that additional work concerning CH formation and consumption kinetics is necessary to accurately capture the CH concentration profiles across a broad range of conditions. Furthermore the comparisons to the modeling predictions using only a single prompt-NO precursor, CH, indicate a reasonable plausibility that (an) additional prompt-NO precursor (s) exist and become important when considering fuels larger than methane, especially under rich flame conditions. Possible precursors in addition to CH are discussed. (C) 2011 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Sutton, Jeffrey A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Williams, Bradley A.; Fleming, James W.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Navy Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Sutton, JA (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM sutton.235@osu.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory; National Research Council FX Portions of this research were supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory core funding. J.A.S. acknowledges the National Research Council for his support as a post-doctoral fellow from 2005-2008. The authors thank Daniel Marrinan for his assistance in preparing the Supplementary material. NR 36 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD FEB PY 2012 VL 159 IS 2 BP 562 EP 576 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.08.023 PG 15 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 875XJ UT WOS:000299068200010 ER PT J AU Gamezo, VN Zipf, RK Sapko, MJ Marchewka, WP Mohamed, KM Oran, ES Kessler, DA Weiss, ES Addis, JD Karnack, FA Sellers, DD AF Gamezo, Vadim N. Zipf, R. Karl, Jr. Sapko, Michael J. Marchewka, Walter P. Mohamed, Khaled M. Oran, Elaine S. Kessler, David A. Weiss, Eric S. Addis, James D. Karnack, Frank A. Sellers, Donald D. TI Detonability of natural gas-air mixtures SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Methane-air; Detonability limits; Detonation cells ID GASEOUS DETONATION; SHOCK-WAVES; METHANE; IGNITION; DEFLAGRATIONS; PROPANE AB Direct initiation experiments were carried out in a 105 cm diameter tube to study detonation properties and evaluate the detonability limits for mixtures of natural gas (NG) with air. The natural gas was primarily methane with 1.5-1.7% of ethane. A stoichiometric methane-oxygen mixture contained in a large plastic bag was used as a detonation initiator. Self-supporting detonations with velocities and pressures close to theoretical CJ values were observed in NG-air mixtures containing from 5.3% to 15.6% of NG at atmospheric pressure. These detonability limits are wider than previously measured in smaller channels, and close to the flammability limits. Detonation cell patterns recorded near the limits vary from large cells of the size of the tube to spiral traces of spin detonations. Away from the limits, detonation cell sizes decrease to about 20 cm for 10% NG, and are consistent with existing data for methane-air mixtures obtained in smaller channels. Observed cell patterns are very irregular, and contain secondary cell structures inside primary cells and fine structures inside spin traces. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Combustion Institute. C1 [Gamezo, Vadim N.; Oran, Elaine S.; Kessler, David A.] USN, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zipf, R. Karl, Jr.; Sapko, Michael J.; Marchewka, Walter P.; Mohamed, Khaled M.; Weiss, Eric S.; Addis, James D.; Karnack, Frank A.; Sellers, Donald D.] NIOSH, OMSHR, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Gamezo, VN (reprint author), USN, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gamezo@lcp.nrl.navy.mil NR 40 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD FEB PY 2012 VL 159 IS 2 BP 870 EP 881 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.08.009 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 875XJ UT WOS:000299068200036 ER PT J AU Wrage, S AF Wrage, Stephen TI Teaching Ethics at a Military Academy SO INTERNATIONAL STUDIES PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE teaching ethics; military academy; John Boehrer; Lawrence Rockwood AB This article offers the reflections of a civilian instructor in ethics after 20 years of teaching at the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis. It describes his efforts to provide the midshipmen in his classes a realistic, practical, yet very demanding preview of the ethical challenges they will face once they are officers deployed to the fleet. C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Wrage, S (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1528-3577 J9 INT STUD PERSPECT JI Int. Stud. Perspect. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 13 IS 1 BP 21 EP 25 DI 10.1111/j.1528-3585.2011.00452.x PG 5 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA 874TV UT WOS:000298981900007 ER PT J AU Oei, JD Zhao, WW Chu, LR DeSilva, MN Ghimire, A Rawls, HR Whang, K AF Oei, James D. Zhao, William W. Chu, Lianrui DeSilva, Mauris N. Ghimire, Abishek Rawls, H. Ralph Whang, Kyumin TI Antimicrobial acrylic materials with in situ generated silver nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Article DE cranioplasty; silver nanoparticles; polymethyl methacrylate; bone cement; antimicrobial ID TOTAL JOINT REPLACEMENT; ANTIBIOTIC BONE-CEMENT; INFECTION; CRANIOPLASTY; BIOMATERIALS; EFFICACY; RISK; IONS AB Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is widely used to treat traumatic head injuries (cranioplasty) and orthopedic injuries (bone cement), but there is a problem with implant-centered infections. With organisms such as Acinetobacter baumannii and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus developing resistance to antibiotics, there is a need for novel antimicrobial delivery mechanisms without risk of developing resistant organisms. Objectives: To develop a novel antimicrobial implant material by generating silver nanoparticles (AgNP) in situ in PMMA. Results: All PMMA samples with AgNP's (AgNP-PMMA) released Ag+ ions in vitro for over 28 days. In vitro antimicrobial assays revealed that these samples (even samples with the slowest release rate) inhibited 99.9% of bacteria against four different strains of bacteria. Long-term antimicrobial assay showed a continued antibacterial effect past 28 days. Some AgNP-loaded PMMA groups had comparable Durometer-D hardness (a measure of degree of cure) and modulus to control PMMA, but all experimental groups had slightly lower ultimate transverse strengths. Conclusions: AgNP-PMMA demonstrated a tremendously broad-spectrum and long-intermediate-term antimicrobial effect with comparable mechanical properties to control PMMA. Current efforts are focused on further improving mechanical properties by reducing AgNP loading and assessing fatigue properties. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 100B: 409415, 2012. C1 [Oei, James D.; Zhao, William W.; Ghimire, Abishek; Rawls, H. Ralph; Whang, Kyumin] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Div Res, Dept Comprehens Dent, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Zhao, William W.; Chu, Lianrui; DeSilva, Mauris N.; Whang, Kyumin] USN, Med Res Unit, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Whang, K (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Div Res, Dept Comprehens Dent, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM whang@uthscsa.edu NR 30 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1552-4973 J9 J BIOMED MATER RES B JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B PD FEB PY 2012 VL 100B IS 2 BP 409 EP 415 DI 10.1002/jbm.b.31963 PG 7 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 872EV UT WOS:000298792500012 PM 22102276 ER PT J AU Edmunds, J Hazelbaker, A Murphy, JG Philipp, BL AF Edmunds, Janet Hazelbaker, Alison Murphy, James G. Philipp, Barbara L. TI Tongue-Tie SO JOURNAL OF HUMAN LACTATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID ANKYLOGLOSSIA; INFANTS C1 [Hazelbaker, Alison] IBCLC, Columbus, OH USA. [Murphy, James G.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Murphy, James G.] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Philipp, Barbara L.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Philipp, Barbara L.] Boston Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0890-3344 J9 J HUM LACT JI J. Hum. Lact. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 28 IS 1 BP 14 EP 17 DI 10.1177/0890334411428588 PG 4 WC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 878PQ UT WOS:000299269400004 PM 22267314 ER PT J AU Dimitrov, NB Plaxton, CG AF Dimitrov, Nedialko B. Plaxton, C. Greg TI Competitive Weighted Matching in Transversal Matroids SO ALGORITHMICA LA English DT Article DE Matching; Online algorithm; Secretary problem; Transversal matroid AB Consider a bipartite graph with a set of left-vertices and a set of right-vertices. All the edges adjacent to the same left-vertex have the same weight. We present an algorithm that, given the set of right-vertices and the number of left-vertices, processes a uniformly random permutation of the left-vertices, one left-vertex at a time. In processing a particular left-vertex, the algorithm either permanently matches the left-vertex to a thus-far unmatched right-vertex, or decides never to match the left-vertex. The weight of the matching returned by our algorithm is within a constant factor of that of a maximum weight matching, generalizing the recent results of Babaioff et al. C1 [Dimitrov, Nedialko B.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Plaxton, C. Greg] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Comp Sci, Austin, TX 78701 USA. RP Dimitrov, NB (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, 1411 Cunningham Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ned@alumni.cs.utexas.edu; plaxton@cs.utexas.edu FU University of Texas at Austin; NSF [CCF-0635203, ANI-0326001] FX N.B. Dimitrov is supported by an MCD Fellowship from the University of Texas at Austin.; C.G. Plaxton is supported by NSF Grants CCF-0635203 and ANI-0326001. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-4617 J9 ALGORITHMICA JI Algorithmica PD FEB PY 2012 VL 62 IS 1-2 BP 333 EP 348 DI 10.1007/s00453-010-9457-2 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 866NQ UT WOS:000298388200014 ER PT J AU Howard, EC Hamdan, LJ Lizewski, SE Ringeisen, BR AF Howard, Erinn C. Hamdan, Leila J. Lizewski, Stephen E. Ringeisen, Bradley R. TI High frequency of glucose-utilizing mutants in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE GASP mutants; Shewanella oneidensis MR-1; glucose use; mutator bacteria; microbial fuel cells ID SP-NOV.; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; STATIONARY-PHASE; GENUS SHEWANELLA; SP. NOV; EVOLUTION; DEEP; SEA; COMPETITION; REDUCTION AB Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 has conventionally been considered unable to use glucose as a carbon substrate for growth. The genome sequence of S. oneidensis MR-1 however suggests the ability to use glucose. Here, we demonstrate that during initial glucose exposure, S. oneidensis MR-1 quickly and frequently gains the ability to utilize glucose as a sole carbon source, in contrast to wild-type S. oneidensis, which cannot immediately use glucose as a sole carbon substrate. High-performance liquid chromatography and 14C glucose tracer studies confirm the disappearance in cultures and assimilation and respiration, respectively, of glucose. The relatively short time frame with which S. oneidensis MR-1 gained the ability to use glucose raises interesting ecological implications. C1 [Howard, Erinn C.] CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. [Howard, Erinn C.; Ringeisen, Bradley R.] USN, Res Lab, Bioenergy & Biofabricat Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hamdan, Leila J.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Biogeochem Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lizewski, Stephen E.] USN, Res Lab, Lab Biosensors & Biomat, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ringeisen, BR (reprint author), 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM bradley.ringeisen@nrl.navy.mil RI Hamdan, Leila/A-4535-2009 OI Hamdan, Leila/0000-0001-7331-0729 FU Office of Naval Research through NRL [62123N]; NRL [61153N] FX We thank Preston A. Fulmer for laboratory assistance. We also thank Russell Kirk Pirlo, Lisa A. Fitzgerald, Justin C. Biffinger, and anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research through NRL Program Element Number 62123N and NRL Program Element Number 61153N. This work was carried out while E.C.H. held a National Research Council Post-Doctoral Associateship. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0378-1097 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 327 IS 1 BP 9 EP 14 DI 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2011.02450.x PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 872ZM UT WOS:000298850100002 PM 22092702 ER PT J AU Shen, YC Hsia, RY AF Shen, Yu-Chu Hsia, Renee Y. TI Does Decreased Access to Emergency Departments Affect Patient Outcomes? Analysis of Acute Myocardial Infarction Population 1996-2005 SO HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Emergency department access; acute myocardial infarction; health outcomes ID DELAYS; TIME; CARE; PAIN AB Objective. We analyze whether decreased emergency department (ED) access results in adverse patient outcomes or changes in the patient health profile for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Data. We merge Medicare claims, American Hospital Association annual surveys, Medicare hospital cost reports, and location information for 1995-2005. Study Design. We define four ED access change categories and estimate a ZIP Code fixed-effects regression models on the following AMI outcomes: mortality rates, age, and probability of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) on day of admission. Principal Findings. We find a small increase in 30-day to 1-year mortality rates among patients in communities that experience a <10-minute increase in driving time. Among patients in communities with >30-minute increases, we find a substantial increase in long-term mortality rates, a shift to younger ages (suggesting that older patients die en route), and a higher probability of immediate PTCA. Most of the adverse effects disappear after the transition years. Conclusions. Deterioration in geographic access to ED affects a small segment of the population, and most adverse effects are transitory. Policy planners can minimize the adverse effects by providing assistance to ensure adequate capacity of remaining EDs, and facilitating the realignment of health care resources during the critical transition periods. C1 [Shen, Yu-Chu] USN, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Shen, Yu-Chu] Natl Bur Econ Res, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hsia, Renee Y.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Emergency Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Shen, YC (reprint author), USN, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Postgrad Sch, 555 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM yshen@nps.edu FU Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Changes in Health Care Financing and Organization initiative [63974]; Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources, University of California, San Francisco Clinical and Translational Science [KL2 RR024130] FX Joint Acknowledgment/Disclosure Statement: We would like to thank Jean Roth (National Bureau of Economic Research) for helping to extract the Medicare data; Shouzu Lin (VA, Menlo Park) for excellent programming assistance; Laurence Baker (Stanford University) for helpful comments throughout the project; Tanja Srebotnjak (Ecologic Institute, Berlin, Germany) for her assistance in the generation of the map; and Amy J. Markowitz (UCSF) for copy editing. This project was supported by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Changes in Health Care Financing and Organization initiative (grant 63974). In addition, Hsia was supported in part by a grant under the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Physician Faculty Scholars Program and the National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources, University of California, San Francisco Clinical and Translational Science (KL2 RR024130). The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funder or authors' affiliated institutions. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0017-9124 J9 HEALTH SERV RES JI Health Serv. Res. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 47 IS 1 BP 188 EP 210 DI 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2011.01319.x PN 1 PG 23 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 875OM UT WOS:000299040600012 PM 22091922 ER PT J AU Walters, RC Marguet, CG Crain, DS AF Walters, R. Chanc Marguet, Charles G. Crain, Donald S. TI Lower Prevalence of Varicoceles in Obese Patients Found on Routine Scrotal Ultrasound SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE scrotum; varicocele; obesity; ultrasonography; physical examination ID BODY-MASS INDEX; INFERTILITY; PARAMETERS; REPAIR; MEN AB Purpose: Research shows that obese patients have a lower incidence of varicoceles. Increased adipose tissue, which makes physical examination difficult, was hypothesized to be the cause. We evaluated the varicocele incidence on routine scrotal ultrasound to see whether difficult physical examination was causative. Materials and Methods: We reviewed all scrotal ultrasounds from the last 2 years for men 18 to 40 years old who had a recorded body mass index. Physical examination findings and the indication for ultrasound were included. We used standard criteria for ultrasound detected varicoceles. National Institutes of Health criteria was used to classify patients as normal-body mass index less than 25 kg/m(2), overweight-25 to 30 or obese-greater than 30. Results: Of the 1,079 patients 330 (30.6%) had an ultrasound detected varicocele. Mean +/- SD body mass index in those with vs without a varicocele was 26.7 +/- 3.8 vs 26.0 +/- 3.7 kg/m(2) (p = 0.04). On physical examination 171 patients (16.0%) had a varicocele. Mean body mass index in those with vs without a varicocele on physical examination was 26.6 +/- 3.7 vs 26.4 +/- 3.9 kg/m(2) (p = 0.09). We calculated varicocele frequency by body mass index for ultrasound detected varicoceles only. Of 374 normal weight patients 129 (34.5%) had a varicocele while in the overweight and obese groups 163 of 535 (30.6%) and 43 of 170 (25.6%), respectively, had a varicocele. The difference between normal and obese patients was statistically significant (p = 0.04). Conclusions: Obese patients have a lower prevalence of varicoceles detected by ultrasound. The lower prevalence is independent of physical examination and more likely due to another factor. C1 [Walters, R. Chanc; Marguet, Charles G.; Crain, Donald S.] USN, Dept Urol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Walters, RC (reprint author), 9747 Stonecrest Blvd, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 187 IS 2 BP 599 EP 601 DI 10.1016/j.juro.2011.10.039 PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 875YC UT WOS:000299070400083 ER PT J AU Briggs, BJ Dickerman, JD AF Briggs, Benjamin J. Dickerman, Joseph D. TI Bleeding disorders in Noonan syndrome SO PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER LA English DT Review DE bleeding disorders; genetics; hemostasis; neurocardiofacialcutaneous syndrome family; Noonan syndrome ID PROTEIN-TYROSINE-PHOSPHATASE; CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE; MUTATIONS CAUSE NOONAN; PLATELET DYSFUNCTION; GENE ANALYSIS; FACTOR-XI; DEFICIENCY; COAGULATION; PHENOTYPE; PTPN11 AB Noonan Syndrome (NS) is a common genetic disease with multiple organ defects including bleeding disorders, which was last reviewed in 1997. Since then significant information has been acquired regarding bleeding problems in NS, specifically on the underlying genetics. Associations between mutated genes and bleeding disorders are reviewed along with prevalence and underlying etiologies. Between 5089% of NS patients will have a bleeding disorder and since a significant number will require surgery it is important to identify which ones are at risk prior to their procedure. Recommendations regarding screening for bleeding disorders and their treatment are discussed. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58: 167172. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Briggs, Benjamin J.] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Dickerman, Joseph D.] Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Briggs, BJ (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM benjamin.briggs@med.navy.mil NR 48 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 6 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN, MA 02148-529 USA SN 1545-5009 J9 PEDIATR BLOOD CANCER JI Pediatr. Blood Cancer PD FEB PY 2012 VL 58 IS 2 BP 167 EP 172 DI 10.1002/pbc.23358 PG 6 WC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics SC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics GA 864RZ UT WOS:000298259000004 PM 22012616 ER PT J AU Johnson-Freese, J Weeden, B AF Johnson-Freese, Joan Weeden, Brian TI Application of Ostrom's Principles for Sustainable Governance of Common-Pool Resources to Near-Earth Orbit SO GLOBAL POLICY LA English DT Article AB Near-Earth orbit is a key global resource, hosting assets critical to governments, militaries and commercial entities and providing services for global communications, remote sensing, national and international security, and accurate positioning and timing. It is also an increasingly crowded, congested and contested environment, at risk from both intentional and unintentional activities and events, and threats natural and human-made. Ensuring the long-term sustainability of the space environment is an increasingly recognized need by all users of space. This article considers the viability of principles regarding sustainable common-pool resources (CPRs) established by Elinor Ostrom for space governance. In this initial consideration, we focus specifically on the issues of boundaries, collective choice arrangements and monitoring. Within those contexts, Ostrom's principles appear most useful for identifying gaps in the current space governance system and mechanisms. Further, while Ostrom provides multiple success stories for her model, they typically include common-pool regimes functioning at a local level, with success stories on a larger scale elusive. Near-Earth orbit is perhaps the largest-scale CPR to consider. Consequently, not only is additional work needed to relate Ostrom's model specifically to space, but to determine the limits of applicability of Ostrom's model and other models that should be considered. C1 [Johnson-Freese, Joan] USN, War Coll, Natl Secur Affairs Dept, Newport, RI USA. RP Johnson-Freese, J (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Natl Secur Affairs Dept, Newport, RI USA. OI Weeden, Brian/0000-0002-7232-5985 NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1758-5880 J9 GLOB POLICY JI Glob. Policy PD FEB PY 2012 VL 3 IS 1 BP 72 EP 81 DI 10.1111/j.1758-5899.2011.00109.x PG 10 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA 061YH UT WOS:000312885700008 ER PT J AU Roach, JA AF Roach, J. Ashley TI The Central Arctic Ocean: Another Global Commons SO GLOBAL POLICY LA English DT Article C1 [Roach, J. Ashley] USN, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Roach, J. Ashley] US Dept State, Washington, DC USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1758-5880 J9 GLOB POLICY JI Glob. Policy PD FEB PY 2012 VL 3 IS 1 BP 82 EP 84 DI 10.1111/j.1758-5899.2011.00149.x PG 3 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA 061YH UT WOS:000312885700009 ER PT J AU Evans, BA Fiser, BL Prins, WJ Rapp, DJ Shields, AR Glass, DR Superfine, R AF Evans, Benjamin A. Fiser, Briana L. Prins, Willem J. Rapp, Daniel J. Shields, Adam R. Glass, Daniel R. Superfine, R. TI A highly tunable silicone-based magnetic elastomer with nanoscale homogeneity SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Magnetic polymer; PDMS; Composite material; Magnetic nanoparticle; Actuator; Microelectromechanical system ID BIOMIMETIC CILIA; NANOPARTICLES; GELS; COMPOSITES; HYDROGELS; BEHAVIOR; FIELD; SOFT; MICROACTUATION; ACTUATORS AB Magnetic elastomers have been widely pursued for sensing and actuation applications. Silicone-based magnetic elastomers have a number of advantages over other materials such as hydrogels, but aggregation of magnetic nanoparticles within silicones is difficult to prevent. Aggregation inherently limits the minimum size of fabricated structures and leads to non-uniform response from structure to structure. We have developed a novel material that is a complex of a silicone polymer (polydimethyl-siloxane-co-aminopropylmethylsiloxane) adsorbed onto the surface of magnetite (gamma-Fe(2)O(3)) nanoparticles 7-10 nm in diameter. The material is homogenous at very small length scales (< 100 nm) and can be crosslinked to form a flexible magnetic material, which is ideally suited for the fabrication of micro-to nanoscale magnetic actuators. The loading fraction of magnetic nanoparticles in the composite can be varied smoothly from 0 to 50 wt% without loss of homogeneity, providing a simple mechanism for tuning actuator response. We evaluate the material properties of the composite across a range of nanoparticle loading, and demonstrate a magnetic-field-induced increase in compressive modulus as high as 300%. Furthermore, we implement a strategy for predicting the optimal nanoparticle loading for magnetic actuation applications, and show that our predictions correlate well with experimental findings. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Evans, Benjamin A.; Prins, Willem J.; Rapp, Daniel J.; Glass, Daniel R.] Elon Univ, Dept Phys, Elon, NC 27244 USA. [Fiser, Briana L.; Superfine, R.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Shields, Adam R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Evans, BA (reprint author), Elon Univ, Dept Phys, CB 2625, Elon, NC 27244 USA. EM ben.evans@elon.edu RI Shields, Adam/A-3575-2012; Superfine, Richard/A-1968-2012 FU NSF NIRT [CMS-0507151]; Virtual Lung Project [NIH R01-HL077546-01A2]; Center for Computer Integrated Systems for Microscopy and Manipulation [NIH P41-EB002025-24A1]; Office of Undergraduate Research at Elon University FX This work was funded in part by NSF NIRT (CMS-0507151), the Virtual Lung Project (NIH R01-HL077546-01A2), the Center for Computer Integrated Systems for Microscopy and Manipulation (NIH P41-EB002025-24A1), and the Office of Undergraduate Research at Elon University. NR 46 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 324 IS 4 BP 501 EP 507 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2011.08.045 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 841TP UT WOS:000296536700024 PM 22184482 ER PT J AU Chun, C Neta, B AF Chun, Changbum Neta, Beny TI A new sixth-order scheme for nonlinear equations SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Newton's method; Iterative methods; Nonlinear equations; Order of convergence; Root-finding methods ID FAMILY; ORDER AB In this paper we present a new efficient sixth-order scheme for nonlinear equations. The method is compared to several members of the family of methods developed by Neta (1979) [B. Neta, A sixth-order family of methods for nonlinear equations, lnt. J. Comput. Math. 7 (1979) 157-161]. It is shown that the new method is an improvement over this well known scheme. Published by Elsevier Ltd C1 [Neta, Beny] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Chun, Changbum] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Math, Suwon 440746, South Korea. RP Neta, B (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM cbchun@skku.edu; bneta@nps.edu OI Neta, Beny/0000-0002-7417-7496 FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2011-0025877] FX The first author's research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2011-0025877). NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0893-9659 J9 APPL MATH LETT JI Appl. Math. Lett. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 25 IS 2 BP 185 EP 189 DI 10.1016/j.aml.2011.08.012 PG 5 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 835MY UT WOS:000296041700019 ER PT J AU Moline, MA Robbins, I Zelenke, B Pegau, WS Wijesekera, H AF Moline, Mark A. Robbins, Ian Zelenke, Brian Pegau, W. Scott Wijesekera, Hemantha TI Evaluation of bio-optical inversion of spectral irradiance measured from an autonomous underwater vehicle SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID ATTENUATION COEFFICIENT; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SURFACE-WAVES; THIN-LAYERS; PHYTOPLANKTON; OCEAN; ABSORPTION; WATER; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; VARIABILITY AB Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) can map water conditions at high spatial (horizontal and vertical) and temporal resolution, including under cloudy conditions when satellite and airborne remote sensing are not feasible. As part of the RADYO program, we deployed a passive radiometer on an AUV in the Santa Barbara Channel and off the coast of Hawaii to apply existing bio-optical algorithms for characterizing the optical constituents of coastal seawater (i.e., dissolved organic material, algal biomass, and other particles). The spectral differences between attenuation coefficients were computed from ratios of downwelling irradiance measured at depth and used to provide estimates of the in-water optical constituents. There was generally good agreement between derived values of absorption and concurrent measurements of this inherent optical property in Santa Barbara Channel. Wave focusing, cloud cover, and low attenuation coefficients influenced results off the coast of Hawaii and are used to evaluate the larger-scale application of these methods in the near surface coastal oceans. C1 [Moline, Mark A.; Robbins, Ian; Zelenke, Brian] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Biol Sci, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. [Moline, Mark A.; Robbins, Ian; Zelenke, Brian] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Ctr Coastal Marine Sci, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. [Pegau, W. Scott] Oil Spill Recovery Inst, Cordova, AK 99574 USA. [Wijesekera, Hemantha] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Moline, MA (reprint author), Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Biol Sci, 1 Grand Ave, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. EM mmoline@calpoly.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-06-1-0070] FX We thank the crew of the R/V Kilo Moana for their assistance in data collection. We also thank Jessica Connolly for assistance in the field effort in the Santa Barbara Channel and Johanna Weston for general assistance. This research was funded through the Office of Naval Research (ONR) project "Variability of near surface optical properties in high sea state conditions" under grant N00014-06-1-0070 to W. S. Pegau and M. Moline. NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JAN 31 PY 2012 VL 117 AR C00H15 DI 10.1029/2011JC007352 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 887TT UT WOS:000299954000006 ER PT J AU Raphael, M Christodoulides, J Byers, J AF Raphael, Marc Christodoulides, Joseph Byers, Jeff TI A New Methodology for Quantitative LSPR Biosensing SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY FEB 25-29, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP Biophys Soc C1 [Raphael, Marc; Christodoulides, Joseph; Byers, Jeff] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN 31 PY 2012 VL 102 IS 3 SU 1 BP 109A EP 109A PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 179ZF UT WOS:000321561200551 ER PT J AU Roche, J Caro, JA Norberto, D Barthe, P Roumestand, C Schlessman, JL Garcia, AE Garcia-Moreno, B Royer, CA AF Roche, Julien Caro, Jose A. Norberto, Douglas Barthe, Philippe Roumestand, Christian Schlessman, Jamie L. Garcia, Angel E. Garcia-Moreno E, Bertrand Royer, Catherine A. TI Cavities in the Hydrophobic Core Govern Pressure Unfolding of Proteins SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY FEB 25-29, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP Biophys Soc C1 [Roche, Julien; Norberto, Douglas; Barthe, Philippe; Roumestand, Christian; Royer, Catherine A.] CNRS, UMR5048, INSERM, U554,Ctr Biochim Struct, Montpellier, France. [Caro, Jose A.; Garcia-Moreno E, Bertrand] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Biophys, Baltimore, MD USA. [Schlessman, Jamie L.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD USA. [Garcia, Angel E.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys & Appl Phys, Troy, NY USA. [Garcia, Angel E.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Ctr Biotechnol & Interdisciplinary Studies, Troy, NY USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN 31 PY 2012 VL 102 IS 3 SU 1 BP 218A EP 218A PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 179ZF UT WOS:000321561201402 ER PT J AU Kim, Y Mittal, J AF Kim, Youngchan Mittal, Jeetain TI Quantitative Theory for Protein-Protein Interactions in a Crowded Environment SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY FEB 25-29, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP Biophys Soc C1 [Kim, Youngchan] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Mittal, Jeetain] Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN 31 PY 2012 VL 102 IS 3 SU 1 BP 473A EP 474A PG 2 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 179ZF UT WOS:000321561203280 ER PT J AU Bewley, WW Canedy, CL Kim, CS Kim, M Merritt, CD Abell, J Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR AF Bewley, William W. Canedy, Chadwick L. Kim, Chul Soo Kim, Mijin Merritt, Charles D. Abell, Joshua Vurgaftman, Igor Meyer, Jerry R. TI Continuous-wave interband cascade lasers operating above room temperature at lambda=4.7-5.6 mu m SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID POWER AB We have substantially improved the performance of interband cascade lasers emitting at lambda = 4.7 and 5.6 mu m, by applying the recently-pioneered approach of heavily doping the injector regions to rebalance the electron and hole concentrations in the active quantum wells. Ridges of approximate to 10 mu m width, 4 mm length, and high-reflectivity back facets achieve maximum continuous wave operating temperatures of 60 degrees C and 48 degrees C, respectively. The threshold power density of approximate to 1 kW/cm(2) at T = 25 degrees C is over an order of magnitude lower than for state-of-the-art quantum cascade lasers emitting in this spectral range. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Bewley, William W.; Canedy, Chadwick L.; Kim, Chul Soo; Merritt, Charles D.; Abell, Joshua; Vurgaftman, Igor; Meyer, Jerry R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kim, Mijin] Sotera Def Solut Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Bewley, WW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil NR 14 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 13 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD JAN 30 PY 2012 VL 20 IS 3 BP 3235 EP 3240 DI 10.1364/OE.20.003235 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 895ME UT WOS:000300499500130 PM 22330561 ER PT J AU Prokes, SM Glembocki, OJ Cleveland, E Caldwell, JD Foos, E Niinisto, J Ritala, M AF Prokes, S. M. Glembocki, O. J. Cleveland, Erin Caldwell, Josh D. Foos, Edward Niinisto, Jaakko Ritala, Mikko TI Spoof-like plasmonic behavior of plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition grown Ag thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NANOSPHERE LITHOGRAPHY; SILVER NANOPARTICLES AB The plasmonic behavior of Ag thin films produced by plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) has been investigated. We show that as-deposited flat PEALD Ag films exhibit unexpected plasmonic properties, and the plasmonic enhancement can differ markedly, depending on the microstructure of the Ag film. Electromagnetic field simulations indicate that this plasmonic behavior is due to air gaps that are an inherent property of the mosaic-like microstructure of the PEALD-grown Ag film, suggesting that this is a metamaterial with behavior very similar to what would be expected in spoof plasmonics where gaps are fabricated in films to create plasmonic-like resonances. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3679106] C1 [Prokes, S. M.; Glembocki, O. J.; Cleveland, Erin; Caldwell, Josh D.; Foos, Edward] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Niinisto, Jaakko; Ritala, Mikko] Univ Helsinki, Inorgan Chem Lab, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. RP Prokes, SM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM prokes@nrl.navy.mil RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008; Ritala, Mikko/N-7268-2013; Niinisto, Jaakko/J-3894-2014 OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168; Ritala, Mikko/0000-0002-6210-2980; NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 49 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 30 PY 2012 VL 100 IS 5 AR 053106 DI 10.1063/1.3679106 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 889HW UT WOS:000300065300062 ER PT J AU Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Alekseev, I Alford, J Anderson, BD Anson, CD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Balewski, J Beavis, DR Behera, NK Bellwied, R Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Borowski, W Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Bridgeman, A Brovko, SG Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Chen, L Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, KE Christie, W Chung, P Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Leyva, AD De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Didenko, L Djawotho, P Dogra, SM Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Estienne, M Eun, L Evdokimov, O Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Fersch, RG Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Geurts, F Ghosh, P Gorbunov, YN Gordon, A Grebenyuk, OG Grosnick, D Gupta, A Gupta, S Guryn, W Haag, B Hajkova, O Hamed, A Han, LX Harris, JW Hays-Wehle, JP Heinz, M Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Huang, B Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jena, C Jin, F Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kizka, V Klein, SR Knospe, AG Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Koralt, I Koroleva, L Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kouchpil, V Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Krus, M Kumar, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, L Li, N Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, ZM Lima, LM Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, H Liu, J Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Lu, Y Lukashov, EV Luo, X Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D McShane, TS Meschanin, A Milner, R Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mitrovski, MK Mohammed, Y Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, B Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Mustafa, MK Naglis, M Nandi, BK Nayak, TK Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Ohlson, A Okorokov, V Oldag, EW Oliveira, RAN Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Pei, H Peitzmann, T Perkins, C Peryt, W Pile, P Planinic, M Ploskon, MA Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potukuchi, BVKS Powell, CB Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Qiu, H Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ruan, L Rusnak, J Sahoo, NR Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schaub, J Schmah, AM Schmitz, N Schuster, TR Seele, J Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Solanki, D Sorensen, P deSouza, UG Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Steadman, SG Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Subba, NL Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Svirida, DN Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Wada, M Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Witzke, W Wu, YF Xiao, Z Xie, W Xu, H Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, W Xu, Y Xu, Z Xue, L Yang, Y Yang, Y Yepes, P Yip, K Yoo, IK Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, JB Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneeva, Y AF Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Anderson, B. D. Anson, C. D. Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Beavis, D. R. Behera, N. K. Bellwied, R. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Borowski, W. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Bridgeman, A. Brovko, S. G. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. de la Barca Sanchez, M. Calderon Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Chen, L. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Choi, K. E. Christie, W. Chung, P. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Leyva, A. Davila De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. de Souza, R. Derradi Didenko, L. Djawotho, P. Dogra, S. M. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Elnimr, M. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Estienne, M. Eun, L. Evdokimov, O. Fatemi, R. Fedorisin, J. Fersch, R. G. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fine, V. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Geurts, F. Ghosh, P. Gorbunov, Y. N. Gordon, A. Grebenyuk, O. G. Grosnick, D. Gupta, A. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hajkova, O. Hamed, A. Han, L-X Harris, J. W. Hays-Wehle, J. P. Heinz, M. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hjort, E. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Jacobs, P. Jacobs, W. W. Jena, C. Jin, F. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kettler, D. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Kizka, V. Klein, S. R. Knospe, A. G. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Koralt, I. Koroleva, L. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kouchpil, V. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Krus, M. Kumar, L. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, L. Li, N. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. M. Lima, L. M. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Liu, H. Liu, J. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Lu, Y. Lukashov, E. V. Luo, X. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Manweiler, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Meschanin, A. Milner, R. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mitrovski, M. K. Mohammed, Y. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, B. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Mustafa, M. K. Naglis, M. Nandi, B. K. Nayak, T. K. Nogach, L. V. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Ohlson, A. Okorokov, V. Oldag, E. W. Oliveira, R. A. N. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Pei, H. Peitzmann, T. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Ploskon, M. A. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Porter, J. Poskanzer, A. M. Potukuchi, B. V. K. S. Powell, C. B. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Sahoo, N. R. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sangaline, E. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schaub, J. Schmah, A. M. Schmitz, N. Schuster, T. R. Seele, J. Seger, J. Selyuzhenkov, I. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Simon, F. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Solanki, D. Sorensen, P. deSouza, U. G. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Steadman, S. G. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Subba, N. L. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Symons, T. J. M. de Toledo, A. Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trainor, T. A. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Trzeciak, B. A. Tsai, O. D. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbaek, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Witzke, W. Wu, Y. F. Xiao, Z. Xie, W. Xu, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xue, L. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkarneeva, Y. CA Star Collaboration TI rho(0) photoproduction in AuAu collisions at root s(NN)=62.4 GeV measured with the STAR detector SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; TIME PROJECTION CHAMBER; PHYSICS; SATURATION; HERA AB Vector mesons may be photoproduced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions when a virtual photon emitted by one nucleus scatters from the other nucleus, emerging as a vector meson. The STAR Collaboration has previously presented measurements of coherent rho(0) photoproduction at center of mass energies of 130 GeV and 200 GeV in AuAu collisions. Here, we present a measurement of the cross section at 62.4 GeV; we find that the cross section for coherent rho(0) photoproduction with nuclear breakup is 10.5 +/- 1.5 +/- 1.6mb at 62.4 GeV. The cross-section ratio between 200 GeV and 62.4 GeV is 4.4 +/- 0.6, less than is predicted by most theoretical models. It is, however, proportionally much larger than the previously observed 15% +/- 55% increase between 130 GeV and 200 GeV. C1 [Bridgeman, A.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Arkhipkin, D.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Burton, T. P.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Guryn, W.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Mitrovski, M. K.; Ogawa, A.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Brovko, S. G.; de la Barca Sanchez, M. Calderon; Cebra, D.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Liu, H.; Mall, O. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.; Salur, S.; Sangaline, E.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cendejas, R.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Shah, N.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Whitten, C., Jr.; Xu, W.; Zhao, F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [de Souza, R. Derradi; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Betts, R. R.; Evdokimov, O.; Hofman, D. J.; Kauder, K.; Pei, H.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Cherney, M.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; McShane, T. S.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Hajkova, O.; Krus, M.; Pachr, M.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, CZ-11519 Prague, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Chung, P.; Kapitan, J.; Kouchpil, V.; Rusnak, J.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Prague, Czech Republic. [Kollegger, T.; Schuster, T. R.; Stock, R.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. [Jena, C.; Mahapatra, D. P.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Behera, N. K.; Nandi, B. K.; Pujahari, P. R.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Stevens, J. R.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Koroleva, L.; Morozov, B.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Dogra, S. M.; Gupta, S.; Potukuchi, B. V. K. S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Agakishiev, G.; Alakhverdyants, A. V.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Kizka, V.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Alford, J.; Anderson, B. D.; Bouchet, J.; Joseph, J.; Keane, D.; Kumar, L.; Margetis, S.; Pandit, Y.; Subba, N. L.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.; Zhang, W. M.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Fatemi, R.; Fersch, R. G.; Korsch, W.; Webb, G.; Witzke, W.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Du, C. M.; Qiu, H.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.; Zhan, W.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Dong, X.; Grosnick, D.; Hjort, E.; Jacobs, P.; Kiryluk, J.; Klein, S. R.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Naglis, M.; Odyniec, G.; Olson, D.; Ploskon, M. A.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Powell, C. B.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Schmah, A. M.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.; Zhang, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balewski, J.; Betancourt, M. J.; Corliss, R.; Hays-Wehle, J. P.; Leight, W.; Milner, R.; Redwine, R.; Seele, J.; Steadman, S. G.; Surrow, B.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Walker, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.; Simon, F.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Tarnowsky, T.; Wang, H.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Lukashov, E. V.; Okorokov, V.; Strikhanov, M.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Braidot, E.; Peitzmann, T.] Univ Utrecht, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Braidot, E.; Peitzmann, T.] NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Anson, C. D.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bueltmann, S.; Koralt, I.; Plyku, D.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Pruthi, N. K.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Eun, L.; Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Meschanin, A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Hirsch, A.; Kikola, D. P.; Konzer, J.; Li, X.; Mustafa, M. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Choi, K. E.; Oh, K.; Yoo, I-K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Solanki, D.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Liu, J.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Lima, L. M.; Munhoz, M. G.; Oliveira, R. A. N.; deSouza, U. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; de Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Huang, B.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Luo, X.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Li, X.; Xu, Q. H.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Chen, J. H.; Han, L-X; Jin, F.; Li, W.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shou, Q. Y.; Tian, J.; Xue, L.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, Y. H.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Borowski, W.; Estienne, M.; Kabana, S.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Cervantes, M. C.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Djawotho, P.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Huo, L.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mohammed, Y.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Leyva, A. Davila; Hoffmann, G. W.; Li, L.; Markert, C.; Oldag, E. W.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; De Silva, L. C.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Gupta, A.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R.; Schaub, J.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Ghosh, P.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Sahoo, N. R.; Singaraju, R. N.; Tribedy, P.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Kisiel, A.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.; Trainor, T. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Chen, J. Y.; Chen, L.; Ke, H. W.; Li, N.; Li, Z. M.; Liu, F.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y. F.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J. B.] CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Heinz, M.; Knospe, A. G.; Majka, R.; Ohlson, A.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Agakishiev, G (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Xu, Wenqin/H-7553-2014; XIAO, Zhigang/C-3788-2015; Aparecido Negrao de Oliveira, Renato/G-9133-2015; Bruna, Elena/C-4939-2014; Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Xue, Liang/F-8077-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Rusnak, Jan/G-8462-2014; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014 OI Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Xu, Wenqin/0000-0002-5976-4991; Bruna, Elena/0000-0001-5427-1461; Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Xue, Liang/0000-0002-2321-9019; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323 FU RHIC Operations Group; RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; Open Science Grid consortium; Office of NP within the US DOE Office of Science; US NSF; Sloan Foundation; DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe" of Germany; CNRS/IN2P3; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM; NWO of the Netherlands; DAE; DST; CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education, and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia; Office of HEP within the US DOE Office of Science FX We thank Mark Strikman, M. Zhalov, and M. V. T. Machado for providing theoretical photoproduction cross sections at 62.4 and 130 GeV. We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the US DOE Office of Science, the US NSF, the Sloan Foundation, the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe" of Germany, CNRS/IN2P3, FAPESP CNPq of Brazil, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FOM and NWO of the Netherlands, DAE, DST, and CSIR of India, Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Korea Research Foundation, Ministry of Science, Education, and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN 30 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 1 AR 014910 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.85.014910 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 887IP UT WOS:000299920400008 ER PT J AU Hull, AJ AF Hull, Andrew J. TI Elastic response of a cylinder containing longitudinal stiffeners SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article ID THIN CYLINDRICAL-SHELL; WAVE-PROPAGATION; FREE-VIBRATION AB This paper develops a three-dimensional analytical model of a cylinder that contains a longitudinal stiffener. The model begins with the equations of motion for a fully elastic solid that produces displacement fields with unknown wave propagation coefficients. These are inserted into stress and displacement equations at the cylinder boundaries and at the location of the stiffener. Orthogonalization of these equations produces an infinite number of indexed algebraic equations that can be truncated and incorporated into a global matrix equation. Solving this equation yields the solution to the wave propagation coefficients and allows the system's displacements and stresses to be calculated. The model is verified by comparison of the results of a plane strain analysis example to a solution generated using finite element theory. A three-dimensional example problem is formulated and the displacement results are illustrated. The inclusion of multiple stiffeners is discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USN, Autonomous & Defens Syst Dept, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Hull, AJ (reprint author), USN, Autonomous & Defens Syst Dept, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM andrew.hull@navy.mil FU Naval Undersea Warfare Center (NUWC) FX This report was funded by the Naval Undersea Warfare Center's (NUWC) In-House Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) Program, program manager Anthony A. Ruffa. The author wishes to thank Anthony S. Poirier for providing the finite element analysis results. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD JAN 30 PY 2012 VL 331 IS 3 BP 588 EP 604 DI 10.1016/j.jsv.2011.09.012 PG 17 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 852YY UT WOS:000297394600007 ER PT J AU Putzke, C Coldea, AI Guillamon, I Vignolles, D McCollam, A LeBoeuf, D Watson, MD Mazin, II Kasahara, S Terashima, T Shibauchi, T Matsuda, Y Carrington, A AF Putzke, C. Coldea, A. I. Guillamon, I. Vignolles, D. McCollam, A. LeBoeuf, D. Watson, M. D. Mazin, I. I. Kasahara, S. Terashima, T. Shibauchi, T. Matsuda, Y. Carrington, A. TI de Haas-van Alphen Study of the Fermi Surfaces of Superconducting LiFeP and LiFeAs SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We report a de Haas-van Alphen oscillation study of the 111 iron pnictide superconductors LiFeAs with T-c approximate to 18 Kand LiFeP with T-c approximate to 5 K. We find that for both compounds the Fermi surface topology is in good agreement with density functional band-structure calculations and has almost nested electron and hole bands. The effective masses generally showsignificant enhancement, up to similar to 3 for LiFeP and similar to 5 for LiFeAs. However, one hole Fermi surface in LiFeP shows a very small enhancement, as compared with its other sheets. This difference probably results from k-dependent coupling to spin fluctuations and may be the origin of the different nodal and nodeless superconducting gap structures in LiFeP and LiFeAs, respectively. C1 [Coldea, A. I.; Watson, M. D.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Putzke, C.; Guillamon, I.; Carrington, A.] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. [Vignolles, D.; LeBoeuf, D.] CNRS, Lab Natl Champs Magnet Intenses, Toulouse, France. [McCollam, A.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMM, High Field Magnet Lab, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Mazin, I. I.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kasahara, S.; Terashima, T.] Kyoto Univ, Res Ctr Low Temp & Mat Sci, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan. [Shibauchi, T.; Matsuda, Y.] Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. RP Coldea, AI (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. EM amalia.coldea@physics.ox.ac.uk; a.carrington@bristol.ac.uk RI Shibauchi, Takasada/B-9349-2008; Kasahara, Shigeru/H-3064-2014; Guillamon, Isabel/C-9744-2014; McCollam, Alix/F-9697-2015; Coldea, Amalia/C-1106-2013 OI Watson, Matthew/0000-0002-0737-2814; Shibauchi, Takasada/0000-0001-5831-4924; Kasahara, Shigeru/0000-0002-6007-9617; Guillamon, Isabel/0000-0002-2606-3355; FU EPSRC (UK); EuroMagNET II under EU [228043]; JSPS; National Science Foundation [DMR-0654118]; State of Florida; U.S. Department of Energy FX We thank E. Kampert, F. Wolff-Fabris, E. A. Yelland, F. Fabrizi, E. Choi, and A. Bangura for technical assistance and S. Borisenko for discussions. This work is supported by EPSRC (UK), EuroMagNET II under the EU Contract No. 228043, and KAKENHI from JSPS. A portion of this work was performed at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, which is supported by National Science Foundation Cooperative Agreement No. DMR-0654118, the State of Florida, and the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 21 TC 43 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 51 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 26 PY 2012 VL 108 IS 4 AR 047002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.047002 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 886CH UT WOS:000299828100018 PM 22400881 ER PT J AU Algar, WR Wegner, D Huston, AL Blanco-Canosa, JB Stewart, MH Armstrong, A Dawson, PE Hildebrandt, N Medintz, IL AF Algar, W. Russ Wegner, David Huston, Alan L. Blanco-Canosa, Juan B. Stewart, Michael H. Armstrong, Anika Dawson, Philip E. Hildebrandt, Niko Medintz, Igor L. TI Quantum Dots as Simultaneous Acceptors and Donors in Time-Gated Forster Resonance Energy Transfer Relays: Characterization and Biosensing SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID INTRACELLULAR DELIVERY; MOLECULAR BEACONS; IN-VIVO; HYBRIDIZATION; NANOCRYSTALS; NANOSENSOR; STRATEGIES; STABILITY; CHEMISTRY; PEPTIDES AB The unique photophysical properties of semiconductor quantum dot (QD) bioconjugates offer many advantages for active sensing, imaging, and optical diagnostics. In particular, QDs have been widely adopted as either donors or acceptors in Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET)based assays and biosensors. Here, we expand their utility by demonstrating that QDs can function in a simultaneous role as acceptors and donors within time-gated FRET relays. To achieve this configuration, the QD was used as a central nanoplatform and coassembled with peptides or oligonucleotides that were labeled with either a long lifetime luminescent terbium(III) complex (Tb) or a fluorescent dye, Alexa Fluor 647 (A647). Within the FRET relay, the QD served as a critical intermediary where (1) an excited-state Tb donor transferred energy to the ground-state QD following a suitable microsecond delay and (2) the QD subsequently transferred that energy to an A647 acceptor. A detailed photophysical analysis was undertaken for each step of the FRET relay. The assembly of increasing ratios of Tb/QD was found to linearly increase the magnitude of the FRET-sensitized time-gated QD photoluminescence intensity. Importantly, the Tb was found to sensitize the subsequent QD A647 donor acceptor FRET pair without significantly affecting the intrinsic energy transfer efficiency within the second step in the relay. The utility of incorporating QDs into this type of time-gated energy transfer configuration was demonstrated in prototypical bioassays for monitoring protease activity and nucleic acid hybridization; the latter included a dual target format where each orthogonal FRET step transduced a separate binding event. Potential benefits of this time-gated FRET approach include: eliminating background fluorescence, accessing two approximately independent FRET mechanisms in a single QD-bioconjugate, and multiplexed biosensing based on spectrotemporal resolution of QD-FRET without requiring multiple colors of QD. C1 [Algar, W. Russ; Medintz, Igor L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Huston, Alan L.; Stewart, Michael H.; Armstrong, Anika] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Algar, W. Russ] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Wegner, David; Hildebrandt, Niko] Univ Paris 11, Inst Elect Fondamentale, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Blanco-Canosa, Juan B.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Blanco-Canosa, Juan B.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Armstrong, Anika] Sotera Def Solut, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil FU DTRA; DARPA; ONR; NRL; NRL-NSI; European Commission; Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) FX The authors thank Lumiphore, Inc. for providing the Lumi4- Tb complex and Invitrogen by Life Technologies for the QDs. The authors acknowledge DTRA, DARPA, ONR, NRL, the NRL-NSI, the European Commission (FP7 project NANOG-NOSTICS), and the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI project OncoTrack) for financial support. W.R.A. is grateful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) for a postdoctoral fellowship. NR 67 TC 123 Z9 123 U1 12 U2 255 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 25 PY 2012 VL 134 IS 3 BP 1876 EP 1891 DI 10.1021/ja210162f PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 903AD UT WOS:000301084400076 PM 22220737 ER PT J AU Bates, JW AF Bates, J. W. TI On the theory of a shock wave driven by a corrugated piston in a non-ideal fluid SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE absolute/convective instability; general fluid mechanics; shock waves ID STEP SHOCKS; STABILITY; PHASE AB In the context of an Eulerian fluid description, we investigate the dynamics of a shock wave that is driven by the steady impulsively initiated motion of a two-dimensional planar piston with small corrugations superimposed on its surface. This problem was originally solved by Freeman (Proc. Royal Soc. A, vol. 228, 1955, pp. 341-362), who showed that piston-driven shocks are unconditionally stable when the fluid medium through which they propagate is an ideal gas. Here, we generalize Freeman's mathematical framework to account for a fluid characterized by an arbitrary equation of state. We find that a sufficient condition for shock stability is -1 < h < h(c), where h is the D'yakov parameter and h(c) is a critical value less than unity. For values of h within this range, linear perturbations imparted to the front by the piston at time t = 0 attenuate asymptotically as t(-3/2). Outside of this range, the temporal behaviour of perturbations is more difficult to determine and further analysis is required to assess the stability of a shock front under such circumstances. As a benchmark of the main conclusions of this paper, we compare our generalized expression for the linearized shock-ripple amplitude with an independent Bessel-series solution derived by Zaidel' (J. Appl. Math. Mech., vol. 24, 1960, pp. 316-327) and find excellent agreement. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bates, JW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jason.bates@nrl.navy.mil FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the United States Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the National Nuclear Security Administration of the United States Department of Energy. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD JAN 25 PY 2012 VL 691 BP 146 EP 164 DI 10.1017/jfm.2011.463 PG 19 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 882VZ UT WOS:000299593300007 ER PT J AU Shulman, I Penta, B Moline, MA Haddock, SHD Anderson, S Oliver, MJ Sakalaukus, P AF Shulman, Igor Penta, Bradley Moline, Mark A. Haddock, Steven H. D. Anderson, Stephanie Oliver, Matthew J. Sakalaukus, Peter TI Can vertical migrations of dinoflagellates explain observed bioluminescence patterns during an upwelling event in Monterey Bay, California? SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; MODEL; ASSIMILATION; ADAPTATIONS; SELECTION; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS AB Extensive AUVs surveys showed that during the development of upwelling, bioluminescent dinoflagellates from the northern part of the Monterey Bay, California (called the upwelling shadow area), were able to avoid advection by southward flowing currents along the entrance to the Bay, while non-bioluminescent phytoplankton were advected by currents. It is known that vertical swimming of dinoflagellates to deeper layers helps them avoid losses due to advection. In the present paper, we investigate if modeling dinoflagellates' vertical swimming can explain the observed dinoflagellates' ability to avoid advection during the upwelling development. The dynamics of a dinoflagellate population is modeled with the tracer model with introduced vertical swimming velocity. Three swimming behaviors are considered: sinking, swimming to the target depth and diel vertical migration. Velocities in all swimming cases are considered in the ranges of documented velocities for the observed dinoflagellates species during the upwelling development in the Monterey Bay. Our modeling confirmed that observed bioluminescent dinoflagellates' avoidance of advection during the upwelling development can be explained by their vertical swimming ability. In the case of swimming with 20 m/day (which is half of observed maximum swimming velocity), around 40% of dinoflagellates population from the northern part of the Bay were advected along the entrance to the Bay in comparison to the case without swimming. This is in agreement with the ratio of around 45% of observed mean bioluminescence intensity at the entrance to the Bay to the observed mean intensity in the northern part of the Bay. This mechanism also helps explain the general persistence of dinoflagellates in this part of the coastline. C1 [Shulman, Igor; Penta, Bradley; Anderson, Stephanie; Sakalaukus, Peter] USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Haddock, Steven H. D.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. [Moline, Mark A.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Biol Sci, Ctr Marine & Coastal Sci, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. [Oliver, Matthew J.] Univ Delaware, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, Lewes, DE 19958 USA. RP Shulman, I (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Bldg 1009, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM igor.shulman@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); Office of Naval Research [N0001411WX20051, N0001410WX20482, N0001409AF00002, N0001410AF00002]; Department of Defense High Performance Computing Initiative FX This research was funded through the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) projects, "Bio-optical studies of predictability and assimilation in the coastal environment (BIOSPACE)" and "Modeling Dynamic Bio-Optical Layers In Coastal Systems (DYaBOLIC)" under program element 61153N and grants N0001411WX20051, N0001410WX20482, N0001409AF00002, and N0001410AF00002 sponsored by the Office of Naval Research, Marine Mammals and Biology Program. We thank the anonymous reviewers, who provided very insightful comments and recommendations to improve the paper. Computer time for the numerical simulations was provided through a grant from the Department of Defense High Performance Computing Initiative. This manuscript is NRL contribution 7330-11-785. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JAN 25 PY 2012 VL 117 AR C01016 DI 10.1029/2011JC007480 PG 10 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 884LG UT WOS:000299706200001 ER PT J AU Stephan, AW Picone, JM Budzien, SA Bishop, RL Christensen, AB Hecht, JH AF Stephan, Andrew W. Picone, J. Michael Budzien, Scott A. Bishop, Rebecca L. Christensen, Andrew B. Hecht, James H. TI Measurement and application of the O II 61.7 nm dayglow SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOIONIZATION CROSS-SECTIONS; ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROMETER; AIRGLOW; OXYGEN; ATMOSPHERE; THRESHOLD; EMISSION; N-2 AB We present the first published measurement of an altitude profile of the O II 61.7 nm emission, a dayglow feature that can be used to monitor photoionization of O in the lower thermosphere. This photoionization process also results in the O II 83.4 nm emission that, unlike 61.7 nm, is resonantly scattered by ionospheric O+. Although ionospheric characteristics can be inferred from the shape and intensity of 83.4 nm altitude profiles, the interpretation can result in nonunique ion density profiles if the intensity of this source of photons that illuminates the ionosphere from below is unknown. The 61.7 nm emission provides a means to test the accuracy of current models used to calculate the intensity of that source. The data presented here were collected by the Remote Atmospheric and Ionospheric Detection System from the International Space Station on 29 October 2009. The measured 61.7 nm profiles show a steeper drop in intensity below 260 km, where the emission peaks, compared to our model calculations. While the current analysis cannot resolve if the discrepancy is caused by inaccuracies in our model thermospheric composition, photoabsorption cross sections, or both, a 15%-20% increase in the effective O-2 photoabsorption at 61.7 nm produces the best qualitative match to the measured profile. Ostensibly, 61.7 nm measurements could replace these model calculations as a more direct measure of the intensity of the 83.4 nm photon source region. In either case, accurate specification of local thermospheric neutral species remains an important component of daytime ionospheric remote sensing. C1 [Stephan, Andrew W.; Budzien, Scott A.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Picone, J. Michael] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Bishop, Rebecca L.; Christensen, Andrew B.; Hecht, James H.] Aerosp Corp, Los Angeles, CA 90009 USA. RP Stephan, AW (reprint author), USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM andrew.stephan@nrl.navy.mil FU NRL Base Program work unit 76-9880; Office of Naval Research; Aerospace Corporation FX This work was supported by NRL Base Program work unit 76-9880. RAIDS is part of the HICO-RAIDS Experiment Payload (HREP), integrated and flown under the direction of the DOD Space Test Program. RAIDS is a joint project of the Naval Research Laboratory and the Aerospace Corporation, with support from the Office of Naval Research and the Aerospace Corporation Independent Research and Development Program. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JAN 25 PY 2012 VL 117 AR A01316 DI 10.1029/2011JA016897 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 884IV UT WOS:000299699000001 ER PT J AU Dong, WD Finkel, P Amin, A Lynch, CS AF Dong, Wen D. Finkel, Peter Amin, Ahmed Lynch, Christopher S. TI Giant electro-mechanical energy conversion in [011] cut ferroelectric single crystals SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC-FIELD; PMN-32-PERCENT-PT CRYSTALS; PIEZOELECTRIC PROPERTIES; STRESS; PHASE; BEHAVIOR AB Giant electro-mechanical energy conversion is demonstrated under a ferroelectric/ferroelectric phase transformation in [011] cut and poled lead titanate-based relaxor perovskite morphotropic single crystals. It is found that under mechanical pre-stress, a relatively small oscillatory stress drives the material reversibly between rhombohedral and orthorhombic phases with a remarkably high polarization and strain jump induced at zero bias electric field and room temperature. The measured electrical output per cycle is more than an order of magnitude larger than that reported for linear piezoelectric materials. Ideal thermodynamic cycles are presented for this electro-mechanical energy conversion followed by a presentation and discussion of the experimental data. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3679644] C1 [Dong, Wen D.; Lynch, Christopher S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Finkel, Peter; Amin, Ahmed] USN, Sensors & Sonar Syst Dept, Undersea Warfare Ctr Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Lynch, CS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM cslynch@seas.ucla.edu RI Lynch, Christopher/A-9886-2013 OI Lynch, Christopher/0000-0001-9989-7097 FU Naval Research Enterprise Intern Program FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Naval Research Enterprise Intern Program. NR 13 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 23 PY 2012 VL 100 IS 4 AR 042903 DI 10.1063/1.3679644 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 889HO UT WOS:000300064500052 ER PT J AU Mahadik, NA Stahlbush, RE Ancona, MG Imhoff, EA Hobart, KD Myers-Ward, RL Eddy, CR Gaskill, DK Kub, FJ AF Mahadik, Nadeemullah A. Stahlbush, Robert E. Ancona, M. G. Imhoff, Eugene A. Hobart, Karl D. Myers-Ward, Rachael L. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. Gaskill, D. Kurt Kub, Fritz J. TI Observation of stacking faults from basal plane dislocations in highly doped 4H-SiC epilayers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SIC PIN DIODES; CURRENT DENSITIES; SILICON-CARBIDE; GROWTH; DEGRADATION; SITES AB Stacking fault (SF) expansion from basal plane dislocations (BPDs) confined in highly doped 4H-SiC buffer layers is observed under high-power ultraviolet illumination (>1000 W/cm(2)). Once the SFs reach the active drift layers, grown above the buffer layers, they are seen to rapidly expand up to the sample surface where they can cause device degradation. BPD faulting in the buffer appears to have a carrier injection threshold. Carrier density simulations under various injection conditions and carrier lifetimes are used to establish the conditions of BPD faulting within the buffer layer that could prevent SF expansion into the drift layer. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3679609] C1 [Mahadik, Nadeemullah A.; Stahlbush, Robert E.; Ancona, M. G.; Imhoff, Eugene A.; Hobart, Karl D.; Myers-Ward, Rachael L.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.; Gaskill, D. Kurt; Kub, Fritz J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mahadik, NA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mahadik@ccs.nrl.navy.mil FU National Research Council FX N. A. Mahadik would like to acknowledge the support of National Research Council's Research Associateship Program. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 27 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 23 PY 2012 VL 100 IS 4 AR 042102 DI 10.1063/1.3679609 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 889HO UT WOS:000300064500033 ER PT J AU Lindsay, L Broido, DA AF Lindsay, L. Broido, D. A. TI Theory of thermal transport in multilayer hexagonal boron nitride and nanotubes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CARBON NANOTUBES; PYROLYTIC-GRAPHITE; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; CONDUCTIVITY; DIAMOND AB We present a theory for the lattice thermal conductivity kappa(L) of single-walled boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) and multilayer hexagonal boron nitride (MLBN), which is based on an exact numerical solution of the phonon Boltzmann equation. Coupling between layers in MLBN and nanotube curvature in BNNTs each break a phonon scattering selection rule found in single-layer hexagonal boron nitride (SLBN), which reduces kappa(L) in these systems. We show that out-of-plane flexural phonons in MLBN and out-of-tube phonons in BNNTs provide large contributions to kappa(L), qualitatively similar to multilayer graphene (MLG) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). However, we find that the kappa(L)'s in BNNTs and MLBN are considerably smaller compared to similar SWCNTs and MLG structures because of stronger anharmonic phonon scattering in the former. A large and strongly temperature-dependent isotope effect is found reflecting the interplay between anharmonic and isotope scattering phonons. Finally, we also demonstrate convergence of BNNTs into SLBN for large-diameter nanotubes and MLBN to bulk hexagonal boron nitride within a few layers. C1 [Lindsay, L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Broido, D. A.] Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. RP Lindsay, L (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM lucas.lindsay.ctr@nrl.navy.mil RI Lindsay, Lucas/C-9221-2012 OI Lindsay, Lucas/0000-0001-9645-7993 FU NRC/NRL; DARPA; National Science Foundation [1066634] FX LL acknowledges support from the NRC/NRL Research Associateship Program and from DARPA. DAB acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1066634. NR 43 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 47 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 23 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 3 AR 035436 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.035436 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 880RP UT WOS:000299424900009 ER PT J AU Johnson, BJ Melde, BJ Peterson, GW Schindler, BJ Jones, P AF Johnson, Brandy J. Melde, Brian J. Peterson, Gregory W. Schindler, Bryan J. Jones, Paulette TI Functionalized organosilicate materials for irritant gas removal SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Sorption; Porous media; Packed bed; Separations; Organosilicate; Mesoporous ID PERIODIC MESOPOROUS ORGANOSILICAS; SILICATE MATERIALS; ORGANIC GROUPS; ADSORPTION; FRAMEWORK; FILMS; OXIDE; SIEVES; FUTURE; PMOS AB Organosilicate materials functionalized through post-synthesis grafting have been evaluated for their potential to remove irritant gases. Organosilicate scaffolds were synthesized through a technique combining surfactant-templating and phase separation to produce a macro-textured scaffold with a combination of micro- and mesopores. This structure facilitates diffusion through the sorbent material providing enhanced access to the available surface area. Post-synthesis grafting was used to incorporate amine and isocyanate groups on the surfaces of the pore walls in an attempt to modify the binding and reactive character of the materials. These modified materials were compared to the unmodified organosilicate scaffold. The removal of irritant gases including ammonia, sulfur dioxide, cyanogen chloride, and octane was evaluated for the materials variants. Results have been compared to the removal of the gases by carbons as well as other materials reported in recent literature. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Johnson, Brandy J.; Melde, Brian J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Peterson, Gregory W.] Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Schindler, Bryan J.; Jones, Paulette] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Gunpowder, MD 21010 USA. RP Johnson, BJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brandy.white@nrl.navy.mil RI Johnson, Brandy/B-3462-2008; Schindler, Bryan/I-1529-2013 OI Johnson, Brandy/0000-0002-3637-0631; Schindler, Bryan/0000-0003-3127-2722 FU U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency's Chemical & Biological Technologies Directorate (DTRA-CB) Physical Science & Technology Division [BA08PRO015] FX The authors would like to thank Dr. A.P. Malanoski for his invaluable insights. This research was sponsored by the U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency's Chemical & Biological Technologies Directorate (DTRA-CB) Physical Science & Technology Division under the topic Protection and Hazard Mitigation (BA08PRO015). We applied the SDC approach ("sequence-determines-credit") for determining the sequence of authors (Tscharntke et al, 2007). The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not represent those of the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. NR 42 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-2509 J9 CHEM ENG SCI JI Chem. Eng. Sci. PD JAN 22 PY 2012 VL 68 IS 1 BP 376 EP 382 DI 10.1016/j.ces.2011.09.048 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 846DC UT WOS:000296876400032 ER PT J AU Cheng, X Zhang, J Olmedo, O Vourlidas, A Ding, MD Liu, Y AF Cheng, X. Zhang, J. Olmedo, O. Vourlidas, A. Ding, M. D. Liu, Y. TI INVESTIGATION OF THE FORMATION AND SEPARATION OF AN EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET WAVE FROM THE EXPANSION OF A CORONAL MASS EJECTION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); waves ID EIT WAVES; MORETON WAVES; QUADRATURE OBSERVATIONS; SOHO/EIT OBSERVATIONS; SOLAR CORONA; STEREO; EUV; SIMULATIONS; SDO/AIA; SECCHI AB We address the nature of EUV waves through direct observations of the formation of a diffuse wave driven by the expansion of a coronal mass ejection (CME) and its subsequent separation from the CME front. The wave and the CME on 2011 June 7 were well observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory. Following the solar eruption onset, marked by the beginning of the rapid increasing of the CME velocity and the X-ray flux of accompanying flare, the CME exhibits a strong lateral expansion. During this impulsive expansion phase, the expansion speed of the CME bubble increases from 100 km s(-1) to 450 km s(-1) in only six minutes. An important finding is that a diffuse wave front starts to separate from the front of the expanding bubble shortly after the lateral expansion slows down. Also a type II burst is formed near the time of the separation. After the separation, two distinct fronts propagate with different kinematic properties. The diffuse front travels across the entire solar disk, while the sharp front rises up, forming the CME ejecta with the diffuse front ahead of it. These observations suggest that the previously termed EUV wave is a composite phenomenon and driven by the CME expansion. While the CME expansion is accelerating, the wave front is cospatial with the CME front, thus the two fronts are indiscernible. Following the end of the acceleration phase, the wave moves away from the CME front with a gradually increasing distance between them. C1 [Cheng, X.; Ding, M. D.] Nanjing Univ, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Cheng, X.; Zhang, J.] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cheng, X.; Ding, M. D.] Nanjing Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Modern Astron & Astrophys, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Olmedo, O.] USN, Res Lab, NRC, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Vourlidas, A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Liu, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cheng, X (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM jzhang7@gmu.edu; dmd@nju.edu.cn RI Cheng, Xin/G-6762-2011; Ding, Mingde/C-7787-2009; Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009; OI Cheng, Xin/0000-0003-2837-7136; Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948; Liu, Ying/0000-0002-3483-5909 FU NSFC [10878002, 10933003, 11025314]; NKBRSF [2011CB811402]; China Scholarship Council (CSC) [2010619071]; NSF [ATM-0748003]; NASA [NNG05GG19G, S-136361-Y] FX We thank P. F. Chen for many valuable comments that helped to improve the manuscript significantly. SDO is a mission of NASA's Living With a Star Program. X.C. and M.D.D. are supported by NSFC under grants 10878002, 10933003, and 11025314 and NKBRSF under grant 2011CB811402. X.C. is also supported by the scholarship granted by the China Scholarship Council (CSC) under file No. 2010619071. J.Z. is supported by NSF grant ATM-0748003 and NASA grant NNG05GG19G. A.V. is supported by NASA contract S-136361-Y. NR 41 TC 49 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JAN 20 PY 2012 VL 745 IS 1 AR L5 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/745/1/L5 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 891PC UT WOS:000300228100005 ER PT J AU Puleo, JA McKenna, TE Holland, KT Calantoni, J AF Puleo, Jack A. McKenna, Thomas E. Holland, K. Todd Calantoni, Joseph TI Quantifying riverine surface currents from time sequences of thermal infrared imagery SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID OF-CONCEPT EXPERIMENT; VELOCITY-FIELDS; VIDEO IMAGERY; SWASH ZONE; TEMPERATURE; DISCHARGE; RADAR; FLOWS; SCALE; SPEED AB River surface currents are quantified from thermal and visible band imagery using two methods. One method utilizes time stacks of pixel intensity to estimate the streamwise velocity at multiple locations. The other method uses particle image velocimetry to solve for optimal two-dimensional pixel displacements between successive frames. Field validation was carried out on the Wolf River, a small coastal plain river near Landon, Mississippi, United States, on 26-27 May 2010 by collecting imagery in association with in situ velocities sampled using electromagnetic current meters deployed 0.1 m below the river surface. Comparisons are made between mean in situ velocities and image-derived velocities from 23 thermal and 6 visible-band image sequences (5 min length) during daylight and darkness conditions. The thermal signal was a small apparent temperature contrast induced by turbulent mixing of a thin layer of cooler water near the river surface with underlying warmer water. The visible-band signal was foam on the water surface. For thermal imagery, streamwise velocities derived from the pixel time stack and particle image velocimetry technique were generally highly correlated to mean streamwise current meter velocities during darkness (r(2) typically greater than 0.9) and early morning daylight (r(2) typically greater than 0.83). Streamwise velocities from the pixel time stack technique had high correlation for visible-band imagery during early morning daylight hours with respect to mean current meter velocities (r(2) > 0.86). Streamwise velocities for the particle image velocimetry technique for visible-band imagery had weaker correlations with only three out of six correlations performed having an r(2) exceeding 0.6. C1 [Puleo, Jack A.] Univ Delaware, Ctr Appl Coastal Res, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Holland, K. Todd; Calantoni, Joseph] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [McKenna, Thomas E.] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Puleo, JA (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Ctr Appl Coastal Res, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM joec@nrlssc.navy.mil; mckennat@udel.edu; tholland@nrlssc.navy.mil; jpuleo@udel.edu RI Holland, K. Todd/A-7673-2011 OI Holland, K. Todd/0000-0002-4601-6097 FU Office of Naval Research [PE 61153N]; University of Delaware FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research and the University of Delaware. Support was provided to the Naval Research Laboratory through base funding from the Office of Naval Research (PE 61153N). We thank Autumn Kidwell, Thijs Lanckriet, Lauren Munoz, Tim Sliwinski, Melissa Stewart, Christine Sutkowski, and Sam Vaughan for field assistance and Christine Sutkowski for additional assistance with imagery analysis. Tim Kooney assisted with static surveys. Joe Feil at Wolf River Canoe and Kayak provided access to the field site. We thank the anonymous reviewers for a detailed review of our manuscript, one of whom prompted us to modify one of the techniques we originally utilized in this work. NR 35 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD JAN 20 PY 2012 VL 48 AR W01527 DI 10.1029/2011WR010770 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 880DU UT WOS:000299385700004 ER PT J AU Schrijver, CJ Brown, JC Battams, K Saint-Hilaire, P Liu, W Hudson, H Pesnell, WD AF Schrijver, C. J. Brown, J. C. Battams, K. Saint-Hilaire, P. Liu, W. Hudson, H. Pesnell, W. D. TI Destruction of Sun-Grazing Comet C/2011 N3 (SOHO) Within the Low Solar Corona SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Observations of comets in Sun-grazing orbits that survive solar insolation long enough to penetrate into the Sun's inner corona provide information on the solar atmosphere and magnetic field as well as on the makeup of the comet. On 6 July 2011, the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) observed the demise of comet C/2011 N3 (SOHO) within the low solar corona in five wavelength bands in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV). The comet penetrated to within 0.146 solar radius (similar to 100,000 kilometers) of the solar surface before its EUV signal disappeared. Before that, material released into the coma-at first seen in absorption-formed a variable EUV-bright tail. During the final 10 minutes of observation by SDO's Atmospheric Imaging Assembly, similar to 6 x 10(8) to 6 x 10(10) grams of total mass was lost (corresponding to an effective nucleus diameter of similar to 10 to 50 meters), as estimated from the tail's deceleration due to interaction with the surrounding coronal material; the EUV absorption by the comet and the brightness of the tail suggest that the mass was at the high end of this range. These observations provide evidence that the nucleus had broken up into a family of fragments, resulting in accelerated sublimation in the Sun's intense radiation field. C1 [Schrijver, C. J.; Liu, W.] Lockheed Martin Adv Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Brown, J. C.; Hudson, H.] Univ Glasgow, Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Battams, K.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Saint-Hilaire, P.; Hudson, H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Liu, W.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Pesnell, W. D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Schrijver, CJ (reprint author), Lockheed Martin Adv Technol Ctr, 3251 Hanover St, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. EM schrijver@lmsal.com RI Pesnell, William/D-1062-2012 OI Pesnell, William/0000-0002-8306-2500 FU NASA SDO/AIA [NNG04EA00C] FX Supported by NASA SDO/AIA contract NNG04EA00C to Lockheed Martin's Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory. The SDO/AIA data can be accessed at http://aia.lmsal.com; the STEREO/SECCHI data can be accessed at http://stereo-ssc.nascom.nasa.gov/data/ins_data/secchi. We thank the four reviewers and the editor for their help in improving the manuscript. NR 10 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 20 PY 2012 VL 335 IS 6066 BP 324 EP 328 DI 10.1126/science.1211688 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 878RE UT WOS:000299273400044 PM 22267810 ER PT J AU Cranch, GA Foster, S AF Cranch, Geoffrey A. Foster, Scott TI Comment on "Probing the Ultimate Limit of Fiber-Optic Strain Sensing" SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID FREQUENCY NOISE; THERMAL NOISE; LASER C1 [Cranch, Geoffrey A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Foster, Scott] Def Sci & Technol Org, Edinburgh, SA 5111, Australia. RP Cranch, GA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM geoff.cranch@nrl.navy.mil; scott.foster@dsto.defence.gov.au NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 26 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 20 PY 2012 VL 335 IS 6066 DI 10.1126/science.1205452 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 878RE UT WOS:000299273400026 PM 22267794 ER PT J AU Lee, WK Yang, MC Laracuente, AR King, WP Whitman, LJ Sheehan, PE AF Lee, Woo-Kyung Yang, Minchul Laracuente, Arnaldo R. King, William P. Whitman, Lloyd J. Sheehan, Paul E. TI Direct-write polymer nanolithography in ultra-high vacuum SO BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE additive lithography; polymer; scanning probe lithography; ultra high vacuum ID DIP-PEN NANOLITHOGRAPHY; LITHOGRAPHY; MICROSCOPE; DEPOSITION; SCALE; TIP AB Polymer nanostructures were directly written onto substrates in ultra-high vacuum. The polymer ink was coated onto atomic force microscope (AFM) probes that could be heated to control the ink viscosity. Then, the ink-coated probes were placed into an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) AFM and used to write polymer nanostructures on surfaces, including surfaces cleaned in UHV. Controlling the writing speed of the tip enabled the control over the number of monolayers of the polymer ink deposited on the surface from a single to tens of monolayers, with higher writing speeds generating thinner polymer nanostructures. Deposition onto silicon oxide-terminated substrates led to polymer chains standing upright on the surface, whereas deposition onto vacuum reconstructed silicon yielded polymer chains aligned along the surface. C1 [Lee, Woo-Kyung; Laracuente, Arnaldo R.; Sheehan, Paul E.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Yang, Minchul] US Patent & Trademark Off, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA. [King, William P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Whitman, Lloyd J.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Sheehan, PE (reprint author), USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM paul.sheehan@nrl.navy.mil RI Sheehan, Paul/B-4793-2010; OI Sheehan, Paul/0000-0003-2668-4124; Whitman, Lloyd/0000-0002-3117-1174 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 10 PU BEILSTEIN-INSTITUT PI FRANKFURT AM MAIN PA TRAKEHNER STRASSE 7-9, FRANKFURT AM MAIN, 60487, GERMANY SN 2190-4286 J9 BEILSTEIN J NANOTECH JI Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. PD JAN 19 PY 2012 VL 3 BP 52 EP 56 DI 10.3762/bjnano.3.6 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 889EJ UT WOS:000300056000001 PM 22428096 ER PT J AU Bassim, ND Dressick, WJ Fears, KP Stroud, RM Clark, TD Petrovykh, DY AF Bassim, Nabil D. Dressick, Walter J. Fears, Kenan P. Stroud, Rhonda M. Clark, Thomas D. Petrovykh, Dmitri Y. TI Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Heterogeneous Modular Nanocomposites SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID POLYELECTROLYTE MULTILAYERS; ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; PLASMON RESONANCES; FILMS; GROWTH; ANION; ASSOCIATION; DEPOSITION; MGSO4(AQ) AB Layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of nanoparticles and polyelectrolyte multilayers into alternating nonrepetitive strata (modules) demonstrates an important advance in heterogeneous nanocomposites from random or repetitive distributions of nanoparticles to a versatile modular design. The morphology and composition for each module are determined by the LbL assembly conditions, as confirmed by cross-section transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Thickness and spacing of the modules are maintained in the 5-50 nm range relevant for nanoscale proximal interactions. C1 [Bassim, Nabil D.; Dressick, Walter J.; Fears, Kenan P.; Stroud, Rhonda M.; Clark, Thomas D.; Petrovykh, Dmitri Y.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Petrovykh, Dmitri Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Petrovykh, DY (reprint author), Int Iberian Nanotechnol Lab, Ave Mestre Jose Veiga, P-4715330 Braga, Portugal. EM dmitri.petrovykh@inl.int RI Petrovykh, Dmitri/A-3432-2008; Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008 OI Petrovykh, Dmitri/0000-0001-9089-4076; Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015 FU Office of Naval Research through the NRL Institute for Nanoscience; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; National Research Council FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research through the NRL Institute for Nanoscience and by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. K.P.F. acknowledges the National Research Council for a postdoctoral fellowship. D.Y.P. and K.P.F. thank Shannon Ball for assistance with troubleshooting the LbL assembly protocols. NR 57 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD JAN 19 PY 2012 VL 116 IS 2 BP 1694 EP 1701 DI 10.1021/jp207912b PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 882SS UT WOS:000299584800008 ER PT J AU Erickson, JS Hashemi, N Sullivan, JM Weidemann, AD Ligler, FS AF Erickson, Jeffrey S. Hashemi, Nastaran Sullivan, James M. Weidemann, Alan D. Ligler, Frances S. TI In Situ Phytoplankton Analysis: There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID SUBMERSIBLE FLOW CYTOMETER; PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY; OPTICAL PLANKTON ANALYZER; HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; SAMPLE PROCESSOR ESP; MICROFLOW CYTOMETER; BACKSCATTERING PROPERTIES; ABSORPTION SIGNATURES; MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; OCEAN C1 [Erickson, Jeffrey S.; Hashemi, Nastaran; Ligler, Frances S.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sullivan, James M.] WET Labs Inc, Dept Res, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Weidemann, Alan D.] USN, Res Lab, Hydroopt Sensors & Syst Sect, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Ligler, FS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Frances.ligler@nrl.navy.mil RI Hashemi, Nastaran/A-7645-2012; Erickson, Jeffrey/F-6273-2011 OI Hashemi, Nastaran/0000-0001-8921-7588; FU ONR/NRL Work Unit [6.2 BE 62.6289] FX This analysis was supported by ONR/NRL Work Unit 6.2 BE 62.6289. N.H. was a postdoctoral fellow of the American Society of Engineering Education. The views are those of the authors and do not reflect opinion or policy of the U.S. Navy or Department of Defense. NR 85 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 40 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JAN 17 PY 2012 VL 84 IS 2 BP 839 EP 850 DI 10.1021/ac201623k PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 876UY UT WOS:000299134400018 PM 21755976 ER PT J AU Kim, H Osofsky, M Miller, MM Qadri, SB Auyeung, RCY Pique, A AF Kim, H. Osofsky, M. Miller, M. M. Qadri, S. B. Auyeung, R. C. Y. Pique, A. TI Room temperature ferromagnetism in transparent Fe-doped In2O3 films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INDIUM-TIN-OXIDE; LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICES; THIN-FILMS; (IN1-XFEX)(2)O3-SIGMA; SEMICONDUCTOR AB Fe-doped In2O3 thin films were deposited on MgO substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The linear decrease in lattice constant with increasing Fe concentration of up to 18% suggests the incorporation of Fe atoms into In2O3 lattice matrix. The PLD grown films exhibited ferromagnetism at room temperature with a strong magnetic anisotropy. The observed anomalous Hall effect (AHE) indicates that spin polarized charge carriers play an important role in the origin of ferromagnetism in these oxides. Our observations, including AHE, magnetic anisotropy, and structural analysis provide strong evidence of intrinsic ferromagnetism at room temperature in these materials. [doi:10.1063/1.3678038] C1 [Kim, H.; Osofsky, M.; Miller, M. M.; Qadri, S. B.; Auyeung, R. C. Y.; Pique, A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kim, H (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM heungsoo.kim@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Peter Lubitz for helpful discussions and valuable suggestions. This work was supported by Office of Naval Research. NR 19 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 16 PY 2012 VL 100 IS 3 AR 032404 DI 10.1063/1.3678038 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 880EE UT WOS:000299386800034 ER PT J AU Martin, TP Orris, GJ AF Martin, Theodore P. Orris, Gregory J. TI Hybrid inertial method for broadband scattering reduction SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ACOUSTIC CLOAKING AB We combine a transformational acoustic (TA) conformal map with a scattering cancellation (SC) layer to produce a hybrid design that reduces the scattering cross-section of an object in an aqueous environment. Our method is an inertial design that does not rely on negative-valued media. Using multiple scattering theory for cylindrical shells, our calculations demonstrate that the hybrid design outperforms both a discretized transformational acoustic superlattice and a scattering cancellation layer over a broad frequency bandwidth. The hybrid method can be utilized to optimize performance over targeted frequency bands. [doi:10.1063/1.3678633] C1 [Martin, Theodore P.; Orris, Gregory J.] USN, Acoust Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Martin, TP (reprint author), USN, Acoust Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ted.martin@nrl.navy.mil RI Martin, Theodore/H-1287-2016 FU U.S. Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 16 PY 2012 VL 100 IS 3 AR 033506 DI 10.1063/1.3678633 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 880EE UT WOS:000299386800065 ER PT J AU Pan, Z Jensen, K O'Shea, P AF Pan, Z. Jensen, K. O'Shea, P. TI Modeling the quantum efficiency of controlled porosity dispenser photocathodes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION; SURFACES; TUNGSTEN AB A theoretical model of diffusion, evaporation, and rejuvenation of cesium on the surface of a controlled porosity dispenser photocathode is developed. The model applies a novel hexagonal meshgrid for increased numerical accuracy. For activation temperatures within the range of 400K-1000K, simulation found differences of less than 5% between the quantum efficiency (QE) maximum and minimum over ideal homogenous surfaces. Simulations suggest more variation for real cases to include real surface non uniformity. Changes in the QE map across the surface suggest that the emittance can change depending on temperature. Extensions to the model as well as connections to experiment are discussed. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3678035] C1 [Pan, Z.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Pan, Z.; Jensen, K.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [O'Shea, P.] Univ Maryland, ECE Dept, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Pan, Z (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM zhigang.pan@nrl.navy.mil RI Jensen, Kevin/I-1269-2015 OI Jensen, Kevin/0000-0001-8644-1680 FU Office of Naval Research; Joint Technology Office FX We thank the Office of Naval Research and the Joint Technology Office for their support, and E. Montgomery and D. Feldman for useful discussions. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 16 PY 2012 VL 100 IS 3 AR 034102 DI 10.1063/1.3678035 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 880EE UT WOS:000299386800069 ER PT J AU Shenenberger, DW AF Shenenberger, Donald W. TI Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma: A Primary Care Perspective SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article ID DIAGNOSIS; BIOPSY; 21ST-CENTURY; MANAGEMENT; WHITES; RISK AB Cutaneous malignant melanoma accounts for 3 to 5 percent of all skin cancers and is responsible for approximately 75 percent of all deaths from skin cancer. Persons with an increased number of moles, dysplastic (also called atypical) nevi, or a family history of the disease are at increased risk compared with the general population. An important tool to assist in the evaluation of potential melanomas for patients and health care professionals is the ABCDE mnemonic, which takes into account asymmetry, border irregularities, color variation, diameter, and evolution. Any suspicious pigmented lesion should be biopsied. Appropriate methods of biopsy can vary, and include deep shave, punch, and excisional biopsy. Regardless of the procedure selected, it is essential that the size of the specimen be adequate to determine the histologic depth of lesion penetration, which is known as the Breslow depth. The Breslow depth is the most important prognostic parameter in evaluating the primary tumor. Because early detection and treatment can lead to identification of thinner lesions, which may increase survival, it is critical that physicians be comfortable with evaluating suspicious pigmented lesions and providing treatment or referral as necessary. (Am Fam Physician. 2012;85(2):161-168. Copyright (C) 2012 American Academy of Family Physicians.) C1 USN, Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Shenenberger, DW (reprint author), USN, Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM donald.shenenberger@med.navy.mil NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD JAN 15 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 2 BP 161 EP 168 PG 8 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 980AX UT WOS:000306867100008 PM 22335216 ER PT J AU Fitzgerald, LA Petersen, ER Gross, BJ Soto, CM Ringeisen, BR El-Naggar, MY Biffinger, JC AF Fitzgerald, Lisa A. Petersen, Emily R. Gross, Benjamin J. Soto, Carissa M. Ringeisen, Bradley R. El-Naggar, Mohamed Y. Biffinger, Justin C. TI Aggrandizing power output from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 microbial fuel cells using calcium chloride SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Shewanella oneidensis MR-1; Microbial fuel cell; Calcium chloride; EIS ID IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY EIS; IONIC-STRENGTH; REDUCTION; ELECTRICITY; GENERATION; CATHODES; BACTERIA; HYDROGEN; SYSTEMS; DSP10 AB There are several interconnected metabolic pathways in bacteria essential for the conversion of carbon electron sources directly into electrical currents using microbial fuel cells (MFCs). This study establishes a direct exogenous method to increase power output from a Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 containing MFC by adding calcium chloride to the culture medium. The current output from each CaCl2 concentration tested revealed that the addition of CaCl2 to 1400 mu M increased the current density by >80% (0.95-1.76 mu A/cm(2)) using sodium lactate as the sole carbon source. Furthermore, polarization curves showed that the maximum power output could be increased from 157 to 330 mu W with the addition of 2080 mu M CaCl2. Since the conductivity of the culture medium did not change after the addition of CaCl2 (confirmed by EIS and bulk conductivity measurements), this increase in power was primarily biological and not based on ionic effects. Thus, controlling the concentration of CaCl2 is a pathway to increase the efficiency and performance of S. oneidensis MR-1 MFCs. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gross, Benjamin J.; El-Naggar, Mohamed Y.] Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Fitzgerald, Lisa A.; Ringeisen, Bradley R.; Biffinger, Justin C.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Petersen, Emily R.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Soto, Carissa M.] USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP El-Naggar, MY (reprint author), Dept Phys & Astron, 920 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM mnaggar@usc.edu; justin.biffinger@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through NRL PE [61153N]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research through MIPR [F1ATA00060G002]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research YIP [FA9550-10-1-0144] FX We would like to thank Yuri Gorby at the University of Southern California for his productive discussions on culturing conditions with the addition of calcium chloride. Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research through NRL PE#61153N and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research through MIPR#F1ATA00060G002. M.E.-N. acknowledges support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research YIP grant FA9550-10-1-0144. NR 37 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-5663 J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON JI Biosens. Bioelectron. PD JAN 15 PY 2012 VL 31 IS 1 BP 492 EP 498 DI 10.1016/j.bios.2011.11.024 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 895AK UT WOS:000300468400077 PM 22154401 ER PT J AU Harsha, SS Melinger, JS Qadri, SB Grischkowsky, D AF Harsha, S. Sree Melinger, Joseph. S. Qadri, S. B. Grischkowsky, D. TI Substrate independence of THz vibrational modes of polycrystalline thin films of molecular solids in waveguide THz-TDS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TIME-DOMAIN SPECTROSCOPY; PREFERRED ORIENTATION; BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES; TERAHERTZ SPECTRA; SINGLE-CRYSTALS AB The influence of the metal substrate on the measurement of high resolution THz vibrational modes of molecular solids with the waveguide THz-TDS technique is investigated. The sample film of salicylic acid is studied using waveguide THz-TDS on three different metal substrates and two-surface passivated substrates. The independence of the observed THz vibrational modes to the metal substrate is demonstrated. Independently, surface passivation is presented as a viable experimental addition to the waveguide THz-TDS technique to aid the characterization of samples with known reactivity to metal surfaces. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3678000] C1 [Harsha, S. Sree; Grischkowsky, D.] Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Melinger, Joseph. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Qadri, S. B.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Grischkowsky, D (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM daniel.grischkowsky@okstate.edu FU National Science Foundation; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [11-2210M]; Office of Naval Research FX The authors thank Alisha J. Shutler of Oklahoma State University for assistance with waveguide measurements. This work was partially supported by the National Science Foundation, the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (11-2210M), and the Office of Naval Research. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 2 AR 023105 DI 10.1063/1.3678000 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 885PX UT WOS:000299792400005 ER PT J AU Kucherov, Y Hubler, G Michopoulos, J Johnson, B AF Kucherov, Yan Hubler, Graham Michopoulos, John Johnson, Brant TI Acoustic waves excited by phonon decay govern the fracture of brittle materials SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID 3-DIMENSIONAL PHOTONIC CRYSTALS; DIAMOND STRUCTURE; GAP; FABRICATION; EMISSION; CAVITY; LIGHT AB The behavior of brittle materials under ballistic impacts is often associated with failure waves that are producing small fracture particles with a surface area requiring large energy input. Numerous attempts to explain this effect since the 1960s did not yield convincing results. Here we propose that failure waves can be interpreted as the result of the decay of the shock-excited phonon continuum into low frequency peaks in the phonon density of states. This results in a situation where pressure amplitude of the localized acoustic waves exceeds a critical fracture quantity such as the tensile strength of the material. Experimental confirmation of this model is presented by using fractured particle size analyses and comparing their results with predicted acoustic wavelengths. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3675274] C1 [Kucherov, Yan; Hubler, Graham; Michopoulos, John] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Johnson, Brant] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Michopoulos, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.michopoulos@nrl.navy.mil RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 FU National Science Foundation of China [61025002, 10979035, 50835007]; National 973-project of China [2009CB623302]; International Science and Technology Collaboration Project of China [2009DFA51820] FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation of China (61025002, 10979035, and 50835007), National 973-project of China (2009CB623302), and International Science and Technology Collaboration Project of China (2009DFA51820). NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 2 AR 023514 DI 10.1063/1.3675274 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 885PX UT WOS:000299792400026 ER PT J AU Paudel, MR Wolfe, CS Pathak, AK Dubenko, I Ali, N Osofsky, MS Prestigiacomo, JC Stadler, S AF Paudel, Moti R. Wolfe, Christopher S. Pathak, Arjun K. Dubenko, Igor Ali, Naushad Osofsky, M. S. Prestigiacomo, Joseph C. Stadler, Shane TI Induced magnetic anisotropy and spin polarization in pulsed laser-deposited Co2MnSb thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELEMENT AB Co2MnSb thin films were grown on glass and GaAs (001) substrates using pulsed laser deposition. The films were grown in magnetic fields (H-G = 500Oe and 0Oe) that were applied in the plane of the substrate during the deposition process. Angle-dependent magneto-optic Kerr effect measurements for films grown on glass revealed a uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in the direction of the applied growth field. Films grown on GaAs (001) exhibited more complicated magnetic anisotropy behavior, due to additional contributions from the substrate. Point contact Andreev reflection spectroscopy measurements indicated that the spin polarizations of the films were about P similar to 50%, with negligible difference between films grown in zero and non-zero applied fields. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3676264] C1 [Prestigiacomo, Joseph C.; Stadler, Shane] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70802 USA. [Paudel, Moti R.; Wolfe, Christopher S.; Pathak, Arjun K.; Dubenko, Igor; Ali, Naushad] So Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Osofsky, M. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Stadler, S (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70802 USA. EM stadler@phys.lsu.edu RI Prestigiacomo, Joseph/A-2782-2014 FU National Science Foundation [NSF-DMR-0545728] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (Grant No. NSF-DMR-0545728). NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 2 AR 023903 DI 10.1063/1.3676264 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 885PX UT WOS:000299792400048 ER PT J AU Restorff, JB Wun-Fogle, M Hathaway, KB Clark, AE Lograsso, TA Petculescu, G AF Restorff, J. B. Wun-Fogle, M. Hathaway, K. B. Clark, A. E. Lograsso, T. A. Petculescu, G. TI Tetragonal magnetostriction and magnetoelastic coupling in Fe-Al, Fe-Ga, Fe-Ge, Fe-Si, Fe-Ga-Al, and Fe-Ga-Ge alloys SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID IRON-GALLIUM ALLOYS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; MAGNETIC-ANISOTROPY; ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE AB This paper presents a comparative study on the tetragonal magnetostriction constant, lambda(gamma,2), [-(3/2) lambda(100)] and magnetoelastic coupling, b(1), of binary Fe(100-x)Z(x) (0 < x < 35, Z - Al, Ga, Ge, and Si) and ternary Fe-Ga-Al and Fe-Ga-Ge alloys. The quantities are corrected for magnetostrains due to sample geometry (the magnetostrictive form effect). Recently published elastic constant data along with magnetization measurements at both room temperature and 77K make these corrections possible. The form effect correction lowers the magnetostriction by similar to 10 ppm for high-modulus alloys and by as much as 30 ppm for low-modulus alloys. The elastic constants are also used to determine the values of the magnetoelastic coupling constant, b(1). With the new magnetostriction data on the Fe-Al-Ga alloy, it is possible to show how the double peak magnetostriction feature of the binary Fe-Ga alloy flows into the single peak binary Fe-Al alloy. The corrected magnetostriction and magnetoelastic coupling data for the various alloys are also compared using the electron-per-atom ratio, e/a, as the common variable. The Hume-Rothery rules link the e/a ratio to the regions of phase stability, which appear to be intimately related to the magnetostriction versus the solute concentration curve in these alloys. Using e/a as the abscissa tends to align the peaks in the magnetostriction and magnetoelastic coupling for the Fe-Ga, Fe-Ge, Fe-Al, Fe-Ga-Al, and Fe-Ga-Ge alloys, but not for the Fe-Si alloys for which the larger atomic size difference may play a greater role in phase stabilization. Corrections for the form effect are also presented for the rhombohedral magnetostriction, lambda(epsilon,2), and the magnetoelastic coupling, b(2), of Fe100-xGax (0 < x < 35) alloys. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3674318] C1 [Restorff, J. B.; Wun-Fogle, M.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Hathaway, K. B.] GJ Associates, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. [Clark, A. E.] Clark Associates, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Lograsso, T. A.] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Petculescu, G.] Univ Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. RP Wun-Fogle, M (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM marilyn.wun-fogle@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; Louisiana Board of Regents; U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division for the binary based studies [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; ONR MURI [N000140610530] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (Code 321MS, Maritime Sensing) and the Louisiana Board of Regents. T. A. L. acknowledges the support of the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division for the binary based studies under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358 and ONR MURI Contract No. N000140610530 for the studies of the ternary alloys. NR 40 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 35 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 2 AR 023905 DI 10.1063/1.3674318 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 885PX UT WOS:000299792400050 ER PT J AU Bashkansky, M Fatemi, FK Vurgaftman, I AF Bashkansky, Mark Fatemi, Fredrik K. Vurgaftman, Igor TI Quantum memory in warm rubidium vapor with buffer gas SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; ATOMIC ENSEMBLES; LINEAR OPTICS AB The realization of quantum memory using warm atomic vapor cells is appealing because of their commercial availability and the perceived reduction in experimental complexity. In spite of the ambiguous results reported in the literature, we demonstrate that quantum memory can be implemented in a single cell with buffer gas using the geometry where the write and read beams are nearly copropagating. The emitted Stokes and anti-Stokes photons display cross-correlation values greater than 2, characteristic of quantum states, for delay times up to 4 mu s. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Bashkansky, Mark; Fatemi, Fredrik K.; Vurgaftman, Igor] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bashkansky, M (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM bashkansky@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work is supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 13 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 15 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 2012 VL 37 IS 2 BP 142 EP 144 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 885YY UT WOS:000299818600008 PM 22854447 ER PT J AU Chun, HM Roediger, MP Hullsiek, KH Thio, CL Agan, BK Bradley, WP Peel, SA Jagodzinski, LL Weintrob, AC Ganesan, A Wortmann, G Crum-Cianflone, NF Maguire, JD Landrum, ML AF Chun, Helen M. Roediger, Mollie P. Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler Thio, Chloe L. Agan, Brian K. Bradley, William P. Peel, Sheila A. Jagodzinski, Linda L. Weintrob, Amy C. Ganesan, Anuradha Wortmann, Glenn Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. Maguire, Jason D. Landrum, Michael L. CA Infect Dis Clinical Res Program TI Hepatitis B Virus Coinfection Negatively Impacts HIV Outcomes in HIV Seroconverters SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; T-CELL RESPONSES; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; C-VIRUS; HOMOSEXUAL-MEN; RAPID PROGRESSION; INFECTED PATIENTS; NATURAL-HISTORY; AIDS; INDIVIDUALS AB Background. Understanding the impact of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection has been limited by heterogeneity of HIV disease. We evaluated HBV coinfection and HIV-related disease progression in a cohort of HIV seroconverters. Methods. Participants with HIV diagnosis seroconversion window of < 3 years and serologically confirmed HBV infection (HB) status were classified at baseline into 4 HB groups. The risk of clinical AIDS/death in HIV seroconverters was calculated by HB status. Results. Of 2352 HIV seroconverters, 474 (20%) had resolved HB, 82 (3%) had isolated total antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAb), and 64 (3%) had chronic HB. Unadjusted rates (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) of clinical AIDS/death for the HB-negative, resolved HB, isolated HBcAb, and chronic HB groups were 2.43 (2.15-2.71); 3.27 (2.71-3.84); 3.75 (2.25-5.25); and 5.41 (3.41-7.42), respectively. The multivariable risk of clinical AIDS/death was significantly higher in the chronic HB group compared to the HB-negative group (hazard ratio [HR], 1.80; 95% CI, 1.20-2.69); while the HRs were increased but nonsignificant for those with resolved HB (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, .94-1.46) and isolated HBcAb (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, .75-1.75). Conclusions. HBV coinfection has a significant impact on HIV outcomes. The hazard for an AIDS or death event is almost double for those with chronic HB compared, with HIV-monoinfected persons. C1 [Chun, Helen M.; Roediger, Mollie P.; Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler; Agan, Brian K.; Bradley, William P.; Peel, Sheila A.; Jagodzinski, Linda L.; Weintrob, Amy C.; Ganesan, Anuradha; Wortmann, Glenn; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Maguire, Jason D.; Landrum, Michael L.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD USA. [Thio, Chloe L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD USA. [Peel, Sheila A.; Jagodzinski, Linda L.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Chun, Helen M.] USN, Dept Def HIV AIDS Prevent Program, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] USN, Infect Dis Clin, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Roediger, Mollie P.; Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Weintrob, Amy C.; Wortmann, Glenn] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Maguire, Jason D.] USN, Div Infect Dis, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Landrum, Michael L.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Chun, HM (reprint author), USN, Dept Def HIV AIDS Prevent Program, Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM helen.chun@med.navy.mil OI Eberly, Lynn/0000-0003-4763-330X; Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 FU Department of Defense through Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [Y1-AI-5072] FX This work was supported by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP; www.idcrp.org), a Department of Defense program executed through Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. This project has been funded in whole, or in part, with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Inter-Agency Agreement Y1-AI-5072. The IDCRP reviewed the study design, collected the data and provided salary support to investigators (M. L. L., K. H. H., M. P. R., N. F. C., A. C. W., A. G., and B. K. A.). The analyses, conclusions, and decision to submit the manuscript are the independent work and decision of the authors. NR 43 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 15 PY 2012 VL 205 IS 2 BP 185 EP 193 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir720 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 866NN UT WOS:000298387900006 PM 22147794 ER PT J AU Assink, JD Waxler, R Drob, D AF Assink, J. D. Waxler, R. Drob, D. TI On the sensitivity of infrasonic traveltimes in the equatorial region to the atmospheric tides SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT STOCHASTIC INVERSION; LATENT-HEAT RELEASE; NATURAL INFRASOUND; RESEARCH SATELLITE; LOWER THERMOSPHERE; SPACED DATA; WIND; MIDDLE; MODEL; TEMPERATURE AB In comparison to the lower atmosphere where comprehensive global atmospheric specifications are commonplace, the ability to perform routine global measurements of the properties of the atmosphere above the stratopause continues to be an active area of scientific research. In this paper, we revisit the use of infrasound as a remote sensing technique for horizontal winds in the upper atmosphere. To use infrasound to monitor the winds in the upper atmosphere, a sufficiently strong and persistent infrasound source is required. In addition, because of the highly attenuating nature of the thermosphere, the signals used must have low enough frequency content to survive. In this paper, impulsive signals from the Tungurahua volcano in Ecuador are used. This volcano has gone through periods of intense activity during which impulsive signals of dominant periods between 3 and 5 s are emitted. Depending on the atmospheric conditions, stratospheric, mesospheric, and thermospheric arrivals are observed. It is found that the traveltimes of the thermospheric arrivals exhibit a coherent variability with periods equal to those of the tidal harmonics. As such, these observations suggest a means of passive atmospheric remote sensing that can be utilized in conjunction with other techniques to routinely measure the state of the upper atmosphere. C1 [Assink, J. D.; Waxler, R.] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Phys Acoust, University, MS 38677 USA. [Drob, D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Assink, JD (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Phys Acoust, 1 Coliseum Dr, University, MS 38677 USA. EM jdassink@olemiss.edu RI Drob, Douglas/G-4061-2014 OI Drob, Douglas/0000-0002-2045-7740 FU NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce [NA08NWS4680044]; Office of Naval Research FX This document was prepared under award NA08NWS4680044 from NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce. The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or the U. S. Department of Commerce. The authors are grateful to David Fee at the University of Hawaii (now at University of Alaska Fairbanks) and Luc Samure at the Canadian National Data Center for assistance with the infrasound data. The effort by D. P. Drob for this research was supported by the Office of Naval Research. Figures were generated with the help of Generic Mapping Tools, as described by Wessel and Smith [1991]. NR 50 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 13 PY 2012 VL 117 AR D01110 DI 10.1029/2011JD016107 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 877LF UT WOS:000299181700002 ER PT J AU Gerber, H Frick, G AF Gerber, H. Frick, G. TI Drizzle rates and large sea-salt nuclei in small cumulus SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID GIANT AEROSOL-PARTICLES; WARM-RAIN INITIATION; TRADE-WIND CUMULUS; EARLY RADAR ECHOES; SHALLOW CUMULUS; CLOUDS; MARITIME; ENTRAINMENT; ENVIRONMENT; CONVECTION AB The role of large sea-salt condensation nuclei generated by wind blowing over the ocean surface is evaluated by applying a Lagrangian parcel model to a range of conditions based on observations made during NCAR research flight RF12 of the Rain in Cumulus over the Ocean (RICO) trade wind cumulus (Cu) study in the Caribbean near Antigua. The model utilizes droplet condensation growth, a simplified droplet sedimentation scheme, and quasi-stochastic coalescence to calculate drizzle rates 1100 m above Cu base. The calculations are repeated without the sea-salt solution droplets to permit calculation of a drizzle rate enhancement factor (Df) owing to the large nuclei. The model predicts a small effect of the large nuclei on the RF12 drizzle rate, as well as suggesting the same for other RICO flights in agreement with radar studies of the same Cu that also show at most a small effect on precipitation due to the large nuclei. These findings are contrary to those some other studies of the Cu. The present study agrees with several previous studies that large nuclei affect the drizzle rate for wind speeds greater than about 10 m s(-1), that the rate increases as wind speed increases, and that the rate increases as droplet concentration becomes larger at constant wind speed. Df values are fit with an analytical expression relating drizzle rate with wind speed and in-cloud droplet concentration. C1 [Gerber, H.] Gerber Sci Inc, Reston, VA 20190 USA. [Frick, G.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gerber, H (reprint author), Gerber Sci Inc, 1643 Bentana Way, Reston, VA 20190 USA. EM hgerber6@comcast.net FU National Science Foundation FX Thanks to Bjorn Stevens, Robert Rauber, Harry Ochs, and Charlie Knight for organizing RICO. Appreciation is expressed to the Research Aviation Facility (RAF) of NCAR for their excellent running of RICO. Louise Nuijens is thanked for providing the radar precipitation data. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 13 PY 2012 VL 117 AR D01205 DI 10.1029/2011JD016249 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 877LF UT WOS:000299181700004 ER PT J AU Glazov, MM Yugova, IA Efros, AL AF Glazov, M. M. Yugova, I. A. Efros, Al L. TI Electron spin synchronization induced by optical nuclear magnetic resonance feedback SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM DOTS AB We predict a new physical mechanism to explain the electron spin precession frequency focusing effect recently observed in singly charged quantum dots exposed to a periodic train of resonant circularly polarized short optical pulses [A. Greilich et al., Science 317, 1896 (2007)]. We show that electron spin precession in an external magnetic field and a field of nuclei creates a Knight field oscillating at the frequency of the nuclear spin resonance. This field drives the projection of the nuclear spin onto the magnetic field to the value that makes the electron spin precession frequency a multiple of the train cyclic repetition frequency, the condition at which the Knight field vanishes. C1 [Glazov, M. M.] Ioffe Phys Tech Inst RAS, RU-194021 St Petersburg, Russia. [Yugova, I. A.] St Petersburg State Univ, Inst Phys, RU-198504 St Petersburg, Russia. [Efros, Al L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Glazov, MM (reprint author), Ioffe Phys Tech Inst RAS, RU-194021 St Petersburg, Russia. RI Glazov, Mikhail/I-7768-2013; Yugova, Irina/F-6823-2011 OI Glazov, Mikhail/0000-0003-4462-0749; Yugova, Irina/0000-0003-0020-3679 FU RFBR; "Dynasty" Foundation-ICFPM; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Office of Naval Research FX Authors thank A. Braker, I. V. Ignatiev, E. L. Ivchenko, and E. I. Rashba for valuable discussions and RFBR, "Dynasty" Foundation-ICFPM, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, and the Office of Naval Research for support. NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 13 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 4 AR 041303 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.041303 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 876PA UT WOS:000299118500001 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Belfiore, A Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Celik, O Charles, E Chaty, S Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Corbel, S Corbet, RHD Cutini, S de Luca, A den Hartog, PR de Palma, F Dermer, CD Digel, SW Silva, EDE Donato, D Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Dubois, R Dubus, G Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Focke, WB Fortin, P Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grove, JE Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Hill, AB Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, TJ Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nakamori, T Naumann-Godo, M Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ozaki, M Paneque, D Parent, D Pesce-Rollins, M Pierbattista, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Ritz, S Romani, RW Roth, M Parkinson, PMS Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Spandre, G Spinelli, P Suson, DJ Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JG Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vianello, G Vitale, V Waite, AP Winer, BL Wood, KS Wood, M Yang, Z Zimmer, S Coe, MJ Di Mille, F Edwards, PG Filipovic, MD Payne, JL Stevens, J Torres, MAP AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Belfiore, A. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe. Charles, E. Chaty, S. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Corbel, S. Corbet, R. H. D. Cutini, S. de Luca, A. den Hartog, P. R. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Donato, D. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Dubois, R. Dubus, G. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Focke, W. B. Fortin, P. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grove, J. E. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hill, A. B. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, T. J. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Naumann-Godo, M. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Parent, D. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Ritz, S. Romani, R. W. Roth, M. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Suson, D. J. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Wood, M. Yang, Z. Zimmer, S. Coe, M. J. Di Mille, F. Edwards, P. G. Filipovic, M. D. Payne, J. L. Stevens, J. Torres, M. A. P. CA Fermi LAT Collaboration TI Periodic Emission from the Gamma-Ray Binary 1FGL J1018.6-5856 SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; LS 5039; MICROQUASAR LS-5039; FERMI; MODULATION; DISCOVERY; PULSARS; CATALOG; STARS; MASS AB Gamma-ray binaries are stellar systems containing a neutron star or black hole, with gamma-ray emission produced by an interaction between the components. These systems are rare, even though binary evolution models predict dozens in our Galaxy. A search for gamma-ray binaries with the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) shows that 1FGL J1018.6-5856 exhibits intensity and spectral modulation with a 16.6-day period. We identified a variable x-ray counterpart, which shows a sharp maximum coinciding with maximum gamma-ray emission, as well as an O6V((f)) star optical counterpart and a radio counterpart that is also apparently modulated on the orbital period. 1FGL J1018.6-5856 is thus a gamma-ray binary, and its detection suggests the presence of other fainter binaries in the Galaxy. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; den Hartog, P. R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kerr, M.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; den Hartog, P. R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kerr, M.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ballet, J.; Chaty, S.; Corbel, S.; Grenier, I. A.; Naumann-Godo, M.; Pierbattista, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, CEA IRFU, Lab AIM,Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Pivato, G.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Belfiore, A.; Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Belfiore, A.; Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Belfiore, A.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Belfiore, A.; Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.; Tinivella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.; Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEE CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Cavazzuti, E.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Celik, Oe.; Corbet, R. H. D.; Ferrara, E. C.; Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe.; Donato, D.] Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe.; Corbet, R. H. D.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Chekhtman, A.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Cheung, C. C.; Johnson, T. J.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ciprini, S.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Universe & Particules Montpellier, Montpellier, France. [Corbel, S.] Inst Univ France, F-75005 Paris, France. [de Luca, A.] Ist Univ Super, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Donato, D.; McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Donato, D.; McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Dubus, G.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, UMR 5274, Inst Planetol & Astrophys Grenoble,INSU, F-38041 Grenoble, France. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Kataoka, J.; Mizuno, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeron Res, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hayashida, M.] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Hill, A. B.; Coe, M. J.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Hughes, R. E.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Katagiri, H.] Ibaraki Univ, Coll Sci, Mito, Ibaraki 3108512, Japan. [Nakamori, T.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.] IRAP, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knoedlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, GAHEC, Toulouse, France. [Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Vitale, V.] Boise State Univ, Dept Phys, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Ohno, M.; Okumura, A.; Ozaki, M.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Parent, D.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Di Mille, F.] Las Campanas Observ, Australian Astron Observ, La Serena, Chile. [Edwards, P. G.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia. [Filipovic, M. D.; Payne, J. L.] Univ Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. [Stevens, J.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Torres, M. A. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Cheung, CC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM teddy.cheung.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; robin.corbet@nasa.gov; kerrm@stanford.edu RI Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013 OI Chaty, Sylvain/0000-0002-5769-8601; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; De Luca, Andrea/0000-0001-6739-687X; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Hill, Adam/0000-0003-3470-4834; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; FU NASA (United States); U.S. Department of Energy (United States); CEA/Irfu (France); IN2P3/CNRS (France); ASI (Italy); INFN (Italy); MEXT (Japan); KEK (Japan); JAXA (Japan); K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; National Space Board (Sweden); CNES in France; European Community [ERC-StG-200911] FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges support from a number of agencies and institutes for both development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include NASA and the U.S. Department of Energy (United States); CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS (France); ASI and INFN (Italy); MEXT, KEK, and JAXA (Japan); and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the National Space Board (Sweden). Additional support from INAF in Italy and CNES in France for science analysis during the operations phase is also gratefully acknowledged. Fermi LAT data are available from the Fermi Science Support Center (http://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/ssc). This work made use of data supplied by the UK Swift Science Data Centre at the University of Leicester. G. D. was supported by European Community contract ERC-StG-200911. NR 26 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 13 PY 2012 VL 335 IS 6065 BP 189 EP 193 DI 10.1126/science.1213974 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 875LZ UT WOS:000299033100045 ER PT J AU Hlaing, S Gilerson, A Harmel, T Tonizzo, A Weidemann, A Arnone, R Ahmed, S AF Hlaing, Soe Gilerson, Alexander Harmel, Tristan Tonizzo, Alberto Weidemann, Alan Arnone, Robert Ahmed, Samir TI Assessment of a bidirectional reflectance distribution correction of above-water and satellite water-leaving radiance in coastal waters SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID REMOTE-SENSING REFLECTANCE; INHERENT OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; OCEANIC WATERS; PHASE FUNCTION; NATURAL PHYTOPLANKTON; DIFFUSE-REFLECTANCE; SHALLOW WATERS; CASE-2 WATERS; MODEL; COLOR AB Water-leaving radiances, retrieved from in situ or satellite measurements, need to be corrected for the bidirectional properties of the measured light in order to standardize the data and make them comparable with each other. The current operational algorithm for the correction of bidirectional effects from the satellite ocean color data is optimized for typical oceanic waters. However, versions of bidirectional reflectance correction algorithms specifically tuned for typical coastal waters and other case 2 conditions are particularly needed to improve the overall quality of those data. In order to analyze the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) of case 2 waters, a dataset of typical remote sensing reflectances was generated through radiative transfer simulations for a large range of viewing and illumination geometries. Based on this simulated dataset, a case 2 water focused remote sensing reflectance model is proposed to correct above-water and satellite water-leaving radiance data for bidirectional effects. The proposed model is first validated with a one year time series of in situ above-water measurements acquired by collocated multispectral and hyperspectral radiometers, which have different viewing geometries installed at the Long Island Sound Coastal Observatory (LISCO). Match-ups and intercomparisons performed on these concurrent measurements show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the algorithm currently in use at all wavelengths, with average improvement of 2.4% over the spectral range. LISCO's time series data have also been used to evaluate improvements in match-up comparisons of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer satellite data when the proposed BRDF correction is used in lieu of the current algorithm. It is shown that the discrepancies between coincident in-situ sea-based and satellite data decreased by 3.15% with the use of the proposed algorithm. This confirms the advantages of the proposed model over the current one, demonstrating the need for a specific case 2 water BRDF correction algorithm as well as the feasibility of enhancing performance of current and future satellite ocean color remote sensing missions for monitoring of typical coastal waters. C1 [Hlaing, Soe; Gilerson, Alexander; Harmel, Tristan; Tonizzo, Alberto; Ahmed, Samir] CUNY City Coll, Opt Remote Sensing Lab, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Weidemann, Alan; Arnone, Robert] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Gilerson, A (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, Opt Remote Sensing Lab, New York, NY 10031 USA. EM gilerson@ccny.cuny.edu RI harmel, tristan/I-1991-2012 OI harmel, tristan/0000-0002-1172-9636 FU NOAA; Office of Naval Research; NASA AERONET team FX This work has been partially supported by grants from NOAA and the Office of Naval Research. We would like to thank the NASA AERONET team for SeaPRISM calibration, data processing, and support of site operations and the NASA Ocean Color Processing Group for satellite imagery. We would also like to thank T. Legbandt and I. Ioannou for help in operating LISCO instruments and useful discussions. We are grateful to the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their comments and useful suggestions. NR 47 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 14 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JAN 10 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 2 BP 220 EP 237 PG 18 WC Optics SC Optics GA 879EY UT WOS:000299313700011 PM 22270520 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Wood, KS DeCesar, ME Gargano, F Giordano, F Ray, PS Parent, D Harding, AK Miller, MC Wood, DL Wolff, MT AF Abdo, A. A. Wood, K. S. DeCesar, M. E. Gargano, F. Giordano, F. Ray, P. S. Parent, D. Harding, A. K. Miller, M. Coleman Wood, D. L. Wolff, M. T. TI PSR J0007+7303 IN THE CTA1 SUPERNOVA REMNANT: NEW GAMMA-RAY RESULTS FROM TWO YEARS OF FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: stars; pulsars: individual: PSR J0007+7303; supernovae: individual (G119.5+10.2) ID X-RAY; EGRET DATA; PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; NEUTRINO EMISSION; LIGHT CURVES; PULSAR; RADIO; SEARCH; CATALOG; NEBULA AB One of the main results of the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope is the discovery of gamma-ray selected pulsars. The high magnetic field pulsar, PSR J0007+7303 in CTA1, was the first ever to be discovered through its gamma-ray pulsations. Based on analysis of two years of Large Area Telescope (LAT) survey data, we report on the discovery of gamma-ray emission in the off-pulse phase interval at the similar to 6 sigma level. The emission appears to be extended at the similar to 2 sigma level with a disk of extension similar to 0.degrees 6. level. The flux from this emission in the energy range E >= 100 MeV is F-100 = (1.73 +/- 0.40(stat) +/- 0.18(sys)) x 10(-8) photons cm(-2) s(-1) and is best fitted by a power law with a photon index of Gamma = 2.54 +/- 0.14(stat) +/- 0.05(sys). The pulsed gamma-ray flux in the same energy range is F-100 = (3.95 +/- 0.07(stat) +/- 0.30(sys)) x 10 (7) photons cm (2) s (1) and is best fitted by an exponentially cutoff power-law spectrum with a photon index of Gamma = 1.41 +/- 0.23(stat) +/- 0.03(sys) and a cutoff energy E-c = 4.04 +/- 0.20(stat) +/- 0.67(sys) GeV. We find no flux variability either at the 2009 May glitch or in the long-term behavior. We model the gamma-ray light curve with two high-altitude emission models, the outer gap and slot gap, and find that the preferred model depends strongly on the assumed origin of the off-pulse emission. Both models favor a large angle between the magnetic axis and observer line of sight, consistent with the nondetection of radio emission being a geometrical effect. Finally, we discuss how the LAT results bear on the understanding of the cooling of this neutron star. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Parent, D.] George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Wood, K. S.; Ray, P. S.; Wolff, M. T.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [DeCesar, M. E.; Harding, A. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [DeCesar, M. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [DeCesar, M. E.; Miller, M. Coleman] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gargano, F.; Giordano, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Giordano, F.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Giordano, F.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Wood, D. L.] Praxis Inc, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RI Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015 OI Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden; Naval Research Laboratory [N000173-08-2-C004] FX The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden.; This work was performed under contract with the Naval Research Laboratory, contract N000173-08-2-C004 and was sponsored under a grant by NASA. NR 35 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2012 VL 744 IS 2 AR 146 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/744/2/146 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 870JW UT WOS:000298666400066 ER PT J AU Baines, EK Armstrong, JT AF Baines, Ellyn K. Armstrong, J. Thomas TI CONFIRMING FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES OF THE EXOPLANET HOST STAR epsilon ERIDANI USING THE NAVY OPTICAL INTERFEROMETER SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; stars: individual (HD 22049); techniques: high angular resolution; techniques: interferometric ID VEGA-LIKE STARS; EFFECTIVE TEMPERATURES; CHROMOSPHERIC EMISSION; BOLOMETRIC CORRECTIONS; AGE; CALIBRATION; PARAMETERS; COLORS; ANALOG; RADII AB We measured the angular diameter of the exoplanet host star epsilon Eridani using the Navy Optical Interferometer. We determined its physical radius, effective temperature, and mass by combining our measurement with the star's parallax, photometry from the literature, and the Yonsei-Yale isochrones, respectively. We used the resulting stellar mass of 0.82 +/- 0.05 M-circle dot plus the mass function from Benedict et al. to calculate the planet's mass, which is 1.53 +/- 0.22 M-Jupiter. Using our new effective temperature, we also estimated the extent of the habitable zone for the system. C1 [Baines, Ellyn K.; Armstrong, J. Thomas] USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Baines, EK (reprint author), USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ellyn.baines@nrl.navy.mil; tarmstr@crater.nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; Oceanographer of the Navy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation FX The Navy Optical Interferometer is a joint project of the Naval Research Laboratory and the U.S. Naval Observatory, in cooperation with Lowell Observatory, and is funded by the Office of Naval Research and the Oceanographer of the Navy. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2012 VL 744 IS 2 AR 138 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/744/2/138 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 870JW UT WOS:000298666400058 ER PT J AU Hainline, LJ Morgan, CW Beach, JN Kochanek, CS Harris, HC Tilleman, T Fadely, R Falco, EE Le, TX AF Hainline, Laura J. Morgan, Christopher W. Beach, Joseph N. Kochanek, C. S. Harris, Hugh C. Tilleman, Trudy Fadely, Ross Falco, Emilio E. Le, Truong X. TI A NEW MICROLENSING EVENT IN THE DOUBLY IMAGED QUASAR Q 0957+561 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion; accretion disks; gravitational lensing: micro; gravitational lensing: strong; quasars: individual (Q0957+561) ID GRAVITATIONAL LENS 0957+561; TIME-DELAY; ACCRETION DISK; LIGHT CURVES; X-RAY; EMISSION REGIONS; MASS FUNCTION; PG 1115+080; Q0957+561; QSO-0957+561 AB We present evidence for ultraviolet/optical microlensing in the gravitationally lensed quasar Q 0957+561. We combine new measurements from our optical monitoring campaign at the United States Naval Observatory, Flagstaff, with measurements from the literature and find that the time-delay-corrected r-band flux ratio m(A) - m(B) has increased by similar to 0.1 mag over a period of five years beginning in the fall of 2005. We apply our Monte Carlo microlensing analysis procedure to the composite light curves, obtaining a measurement of the optical accretion disk size, log{(r(s)/cm)[ cos(i)/0.5](1/2)} = 16.2 +/- 0.5, that is consistent with the quasar accretion disk size-black hole mass relation. C1 [Hainline, Laura J.; Morgan, Christopher W.; Beach, Joseph N.; Le, Truong X.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Kochanek, C. S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Harris, Hugh C.; Tilleman, Trudy] US Naval Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Fadely, Ross] Haverford Coll, Dept Astron, Haverford, PA 19041 USA. [Falco, Emilio E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Hainline, LJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, 572C Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM hainline@usna.edu; cmorgan@usna.edu; m110480@usna.edu; ckochanek@astronomy.ohio-state.edu; hch@nofs.navy.mil; trudy@nofs.navy.mil; rfadely@haverford.edu; falco@cfa.harvard.edu; m113678@usna.edu FU National Science Foundation [AST-0907848, AST-0708082, AST-1009756]; Research Corporation for Science Advancement; Chandrasekhar X-Ray Center [11700501] FX The authors thank L. Goicoechea, E. Turner, and R. McMillan for their assistance in obtaining historical photometric data for Q0957. We also thank the anonymous referee for suggestions which improved the data presented in this paper. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grant no AST-0907848 (to C. W. M.), AST-0708082, and AST-1009756 (to C. S. K.). C. W. M. also gratefully acknowledges support from the Research Corporation for Science Advancement and Chandrasekhar X-Ray Center award 11700501. NR 53 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2012 VL 744 IS 2 AR 104 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/744/2/104 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 870JW UT WOS:000298666400024 ER PT J AU Laming, JM AF Laming, J. Martin TI NON-WKB MODELS OF THE FIRST IONIZATION POTENTIAL EFFECT: THE ROLE OF SLOW MODE WAVES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: abundances; Sun: chromosphere; turbulence; waves ID WIND HELIUM ABUNDANCE; SOLAR-WIND; ALFVEN WAVES; TRANSITION REGION; CHARGE-TRANSFER; ACTIVE-REGION; ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRUM; ENERGETIC PARTICLES; CORONAL ABUNDANCES; RATE COEFFICIENTS AB A model for element abundance fractionation between the solar chromosphere and corona is further developed. The ponderomotive force due to Alfven waves propagating through or reflecting from the chromosphere in solar conditions generally accelerates chromospheric ions, but not neutrals, into the corona. This gives rise to what has become known as the first ionization potential effect. We incorporate new physical processes into the model. The chromospheric ionization balance is improved and the effect of different approximations is discussed. We also treat the parametric generation of slow mode waves by the parallel propagating Alfven waves. This is also an effect of the ponderomotive force, arising from the periodic variation of the magnetic pressure driving an acoustic mode, which adds to the background longitudinal pressure. This can have subtle effects on the fractionation, rendering it quasi-mass independent in the lower regions of the chromosphere. We also briefly discuss the change in the fractionation with Alfven wave frequency, relative to the frequency of the overlying coronal loop resonance. C1 USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Laming, JM (reprint author), USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Code 7674L, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU NASA [NNH10A055I, NNH11AQ23I]; Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by NASA Contracts NNH10A055I, NNH11AQ23I, and by basic research funds of the Office of Naval Research. I am also grateful to Cara Rakowski for a critical reading of an earlier draft of this paper. NR 55 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2012 VL 744 IS 2 AR 115 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/744/2/115 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 870JW UT WOS:000298666400035 ER PT J AU Linford, JD Taylor, GB Romani, RW Helmboldt, JF Readhead, ACS Reeves, R Richards, JL AF Linford, J. D. Taylor, G. B. Romani, R. W. Helmboldt, J. F. Readhead, A. C. S. Reeves, R. Richards, J. L. TI CONTEMPORANEOUS VLBA 5 GHz OBSERVATIONS OF LARGE AREA TELESCOPE DETECTED BLAZARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; galaxies: nuclei; gamma rays: galaxies; radio continuum: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; ALL-SKY SURVEY; POLARIMETRY-SURVEY VIPS; DOUBLE RADIO-SOURCES; GAMMA-RAY; X-RAY; COMPLETE SAMPLE; ACCRETION DISK; EGRET BLAZARS; JET AB The radio properties of blazars detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope have been observed contemporaneously by the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA). In total, 232 sources were observed with the VLBA. Ninety sources that were previously observed as part of the VLBA Imaging and Polarimetry Survey (VIPS) have been included in the sample, as well as 142 sources not found in VIPS. This very large, 5 GHz flux-limited sample of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) provides insights into the mechanism that produces strong gamma-ray emission. In particular, we see that gamma-ray emission is related to strong, uniform magnetic fields in the cores of the host AGN. Included in this sample are non-blazarAGNs such as 3C84, M82, and NGC 6251. For the blazars, the total VLBA radio flux density at 5 GHz correlates strongly with gamma-ray flux. The LAT BL Lac objects tend to be similar to the non-LAT BL Lac objects, but the LAT flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) are significantly different from the non-LAT FSRQs. Strong core polarization is significantly more common among the LAT sources, and core fractional polarization appears to increase during LAT detection. C1 [Linford, J. D.; Taylor, G. B.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Romani, R. W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Helmboldt, J. F.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Readhead, A. C. S.; Reeves, R.; Richards, J. L.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Linford, JD (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, MSC07 4220, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RI Helmboldt, Joseph/C-8105-2012; Reeves, Rodrigo/H-2812-2014 OI Reeves, Rodrigo/0000-0001-5704-271X FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; NASA under FERMI [GSFC 21078/FERMI08-0051]; NRAO [GSSP10-011] FX We thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments on the manuscript. We thank Steve Tremblay, Marcello Giroletti and Bob Hastman for their helpful advice and comments. We also thank Steve Myers and Josh Marvil for their help with obtaining EVLA observations of several sources for polarization angle calibration. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This work made use of the Swinburne University of Technology software correlator, developed as part of the Australian Major National Research Facilities Programme and operated under license. The NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank NASA for support under FERMI grant GSFC 21078/FERMI08-0051 and the NRAO for support under Student Observing Support Award GSSP10-011. NR 64 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2012 VL 744 IS 2 AR 177 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/744/2/177 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 870JW UT WOS:000298666400096 ER PT J AU Pletsch, HJ Guillemot, L Allen, B Kramer, M Aulbert, C Fehrmann, H Ray, PS Barr, ED Belfiore, A Camilo, F Caraveo, PA Celik, O Champion, DJ Dormody, M Eatough, RP Ferrara, EC Freire, PCC Hessels, JWT Keith, M Kerr, M de Luca, A Lyne, AG Marelli, M McLaughlin, MA Parent, D Ransom, SM Razzano, M Reich, W Parkinson, PMS Stappers, BW Wolff, MT AF Pletsch, H. J. Guillemot, L. Allen, B. Kramer, M. Aulbert, C. Fehrmann, H. Ray, P. S. Barr, E. D. Belfiore, A. Camilo, F. Caraveo, P. A. Celik, Oe. Champion, D. J. Dormody, M. Eatough, R. P. Ferrara, E. C. Freire, P. C. C. Hessels, J. W. T. Keith, M. Kerr, M. de Luca, A. Lyne, A. G. Marelli, M. McLaughlin, M. A. Parent, D. Ransom, S. M. Razzano, M. Reich, W. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Stappers, B. W. Wolff, M. T. TI DISCOVERY OF NINE GAMMA-RAY PULSARS IN FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE DATA USING A NEW BLIND SEARCH METHOD SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: stars; pulsars: general; pulsars: individual ID TIME-DIFFERENCING TECHNIQUE; RADIO-CONTINUUM SURVEY; MILLISECOND PULSARS; GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES; FREQUENCY SEARCHES; CATALOG; LAT; SENSITIVITY; ATLAS; SKY AB We report the discovery of nine previously unknown gamma-ray pulsars in a blind search of data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). The pulsars were found with a novel hierarchical search method originally developed for detecting continuous gravitational waves from rapidly rotating neutron stars. Designed to find isolated pulsars spinning at up to kHz frequencies, the new method is computationally efficient and incorporates several advances, including a metric-based gridding of the search parameter space (frequency, frequency derivative, and sky location) and the use of photon probability weights. The nine pulsars have spin frequencies between 3 and 12 Hz, and characteristic ages ranging from 17 kyr to 3 Myr. Two of them, PSRs J1803-2149 and J2111+4606, are young and energetic Galactic-plane pulsars (spin-down power above 6 x 10(35) erg s(-1) and ages below 100 kyr). The seven remaining pulsars, PSRs J0106+4855, J0622+3749, J1620-4927, J1746-3239, J2028+3332, J2030+4415, and J2139+4716, are older and less energetic; two of them are located at higher Galactic latitudes (|b| > 10 degrees). PSR J0106+4855 has the largest characteristic age (3 Myr) and the smallest surface magnetic field (2 x 10(11) G) of all LAT blind-search pulsars. PSR J2139+4716 has the lowest spin-down power (3 x 10(33) erg s(-1)) among all non-recycled gamma-ray pulsars ever found. Despite extensivemulti-frequency observations, only PSR J0106+4855 has detectable pulsations in the radio band. The other eight pulsars belong to the increasing population of radio-quiet gamma-ray pulsars. C1 [Pletsch, H. J.; Allen, B.; Aulbert, C.; Fehrmann, H.] Albert Einstein Inst, Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. [Allen, B.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. [Pletsch, H. J.; Allen, B.; Aulbert, C.; Fehrmann, H.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Gravitat Phys, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. [Guillemot, L.; Kramer, M.; Barr, E. D.; Champion, D. J.; Eatough, R. P.; Freire, P. C. C.; Reich, W.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Kramer, M.; Lyne, A. G.; Stappers, B. W.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Ray, P. S.; Wolff, M. T.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Belfiore, A.; Dormody, M.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Belfiore, A.; Dormody, M.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Belfiore, A.] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis Nucl & Teor, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Belfiore, A.; Caraveo, P. A.; de Luca, A.; Marelli, M.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Camilo, F.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Celik, Oe.; Ferrara, E. C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe.] Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Celik, Oe.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Hessels, J. W. T.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Hessels, J. W. T.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Keith, M.] Australia Telescope Natl Facil, CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Kerr, M.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Kerr, M.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [de Luca, A.] Ist Univ Studi Super IUSS, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [McLaughlin, M. A.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Parent, D.] George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Ransom, S. M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ NRAO, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Razzano, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. RP Pletsch, HJ (reprint author), Albert Einstein Inst, Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. EM holger.pletsch@aei.mpg.de; guillemo@mpifr-bonn.mpg.de RI Allen, Bruce/K-2327-2012; Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; OI Marelli, Martino/0000-0002-8017-0338; Allen, Bruce/0000-0003-4285-6256; Champion, David/0000-0003-1361-7723; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; De Luca, Andrea/0000-0001-6739-687X; Ransom, Scott/0000-0001-5799-9714; Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 FU Max Planck Gesellschaft; U.S. National Science Foundation [0555655, 0970074, 1104902]; National Science Foundation FX This work was partly supported by the Max Planck Gesellschaft and by U.S. National Science Foundation Grants 0555655, 0970074, and 1104902.; The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. NR 67 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2012 VL 744 IS 2 AR 105 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/744/2/105 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 870JW UT WOS:000298666400025 ER PT J AU Wilson, TL Casassus, S Keating, KM AF Wilson, T. L. Casassus, S. Keating, Katie M. TI THE STRUCTURE OF NGC 1976 IN THE RADIO RANGE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE H II regions; ISM: individual objects (NGC 1976, M42, Orion A); radio continuum: ISM; radio lines: ISM ID H-II-REGIONS; RECOMBINATION LINE OBSERVATIONS; ORION NEBULA; PLANETARY-NEBULAE; TEMPERATURE; EMISSION; RESOLUTION; CONTINUUM; ABUNDANCE; DISTANCE AB High angular resolution radio continuum images of NGC 1976 (M42, Orion A) at nu = 330 MHz (lambda = 91 cm), 1.5 GHz (20 cm), and 10.6 GHz (2.8 cm) have been aligned, placed on a common grid, smoothed to common resolutions of 80 '' (=0.16 pc at 420 pc) and 90 '' (=0.18 pc) and compared on a position-by-position basis. The results are not consistent with a single value of T(e). The best fit to the continuum data is a multi-layer model based on radio recombination line data with a monotonic variation, from T(e) = 8500 K in the higher intensity, more compact region at the rear of NGC 1976 to T(e) = 6000 K in the low-intensity, extended region in the foreground. An estimate of temperature fluctuations toward the peak from this model yields t(2) = 0.003. This is a factor of 10 lower than fluctuation values from optical collisionally excited line data. C1 [Wilson, T. L.; Keating, Katie M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Casassus, S.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. RP Wilson, TL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7210, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM tom.wilson@nrl.navy.mil RI Casassus, Simon/I-8609-2016 FU US Naval Research Laboratory; Millennium Science Initiative, Chilean Ministry of Economy: Nucleus from FONDECYT [P10-022-F, 1100221]; CATA [PFB-06] FX We thank W. M. Goss, R. Subrahmanyan, and G. Taylor for providing the digital form of the images used in the analysis. C. R. O'Dell and Y. Tsamis provided useful comments, as did an anonymous referee. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This research was performed while an author held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the US Naval Research Laboratory. S. C. acknowledges support from Millennium Science Initiative, Chilean Ministry of Economy: Nucleus P10-022-F, from FONDECYT grant 1100221, and from the CATA ("Fondo Basal PFB-06, CONICYT"). NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2012 VL 744 IS 2 AR 161 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/744/2/161 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 870JW UT WOS:000298666400081 ER PT J AU Spirkoska, D Efros, AL Lambrecht, WRL Cheiwchanchamnangij, T Morral, AFI Abstreiter, G AF Spirkoska, D. Efros, Al L. Lambrecht, W. R. L. Cheiwchanchamnangij, T. Fontcuberta i Morral, A. Abstreiter, G. TI Valence band structure of polytypic zinc-blende/wurtzite GaAs nanowires probed by polarization-dependent photoluminescence SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID WURTZITE; HETEROSTRUCTURES; SUPERLATTICES; ZINCBLENDE; HOLES AB We conducted temperature-dependent measurements of the photoluminescence (PL) polarization on GaAs nanowires (NWs) with polytypic zinc-blende/wurtzite structure in order to probe the symmetry and energy structure of the valence band in the wurtzite segments of the NWs. The low-temperature measurements revealed that in most of the investigated cases, the ground level of the interface excitons responsible for the PL is formed by the heavy hole. To describe the observed temperature dependence of the degree of PL polarization, we developed a theoretical model that allows an estimation of the splitting between the heavy hole and light hole exciton subbands in these NWs. This splitting is smaller than expected in pure wurtzite on the basis of recent first-principles calculations, which may be attributed to the multiple twinned nature of the wurtzite sections, which effectively behave as a polytype of lower hexagonality. C1 [Spirkoska, D.; Abstreiter, G.] Tech Univ Munich, Walter Schottky Inst, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Spirkoska, D.; Abstreiter, G.] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Efros, Al L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lambrecht, W. R. L.; Cheiwchanchamnangij, T.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Fontcuberta i Morral, A.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lab Mat Semicond, Inst Mat, Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Spirkoska, D (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Walter Schottky Inst, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RI Fontcuberta i Morral, Anna/B-9884-2008; Lambrecht, Walter/O-1083-2016 FU SENFED; DFG excellence initiative Nanosystems Initiative Munich; SFB [631]; Institute of Advanced Study of the Technische Universitat Munchen; Office of Naval Research; Alexander-von-Humboldt Foundation FX The authors thank Prof. J. Arbiol and Prof. J. Morante for the TEM analysis on the nanowires as well as the TEM facilities in the Serveis Cientificotecnics in Universitat de Barcelona. This research was supported by the fundings provided by the Marie Curie Excellence Grant SENFED, the DFG excellence initiative Nanosystems Initiative Munich, and the SFB 631, as well as the Institute of Advanced Study of the Technische Universitat Munchen. A. L. E. acknowledges support of the Office of Naval Research and the Alexander-von-Humboldt Foundation. NR 45 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 35 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 10 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 4 AR 045309 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.045309 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 874WB UT WOS:000298987700001 ER PT J AU Siskind, DE Drob, DP Emmert, JT Stevens, MH Sheese, PE Llewellyn, EJ Hervig, ME Niciejewski, R Kochenash, AJ AF Siskind, David E. Drob, Douglas P. Emmert, John T. Stevens, Michael H. Sheese, Patrick E. Llewellyn, Edward J. Hervig, Mark E. Niciejewski, Rick Kochenash, Andrew J. TI Linkages between the cold summer mesopause and thermospheric zonal mean circulation SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We present the first results from the NCAR thermosphere/ionosphere/electrodynamics general circulation model (TIE-GCM) coupled to a weather forecast/assimilation system of the lower and middle atmosphere. Our results emphasize the importance of a proper representation of the latitudinal temperature variation at the base of the thermosphere for calculating zonal mean zonal winds in the thermosphere. The inclusion of a realistic cold summer mesopause yields significantly improved agreement with climatology in the calculated thermospheric winds in the summer hemisphere. Having established this link between the temperature structure of the mesosphere and the thermospheric circulation, we next present observational evidence that the year-to-year variability of thermospheric winds can be linked to analogous variations in the onset of the cold summer mesopause season. Since these mesopause variations have previously been ascribed to stratospheric weather variability, by extension, our results suggest a new mode of coupling between the stratosphere and thermosphere. Citation: Siskind, D. E., D. P. Drob, J. T. Emmert, M. H. Stevens, P. E. Sheese, E. J. Llewellyn, M. E. Hervig, R. Niciejewski, and A. J. Kochenash (2012), Linkages between the cold summer mesopause and thermospheric zonal mean circulation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L01804, doi:10.1029/2011GL050196. C1 [Siskind, David E.; Drob, Douglas P.; Emmert, John T.; Stevens, Michael H.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sheese, Patrick E.] Univ Toronto, Dept Atmospher Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Llewellyn, Edward J.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada. [Hervig, Mark E.] GATS Inc, Driggs, ID 83422 USA. [Niciejewski, Rick] Univ Michigan, Space Phys Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kochenash, Andrew J.] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. RP Siskind, DE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.siskind@nrl.navy.mil RI Drob, Douglas/G-4061-2014; OI Drob, Douglas/0000-0002-2045-7740; Stevens, Michael/0000-0003-1082-8955 FU Office of Naval Research; NASA FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research and the NASA Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) project. We thank the National Center for Atmospheric Research for the use of the TIE-GCM. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 6 PY 2012 VL 39 AR L01804 DI 10.1029/2011GL050196 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 874BV UT WOS:000298930900005 ER PT J AU Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Alekseev, I Alford, J Anderson, BD Anson, CD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Balewski, J Barnby, LS Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bombara, M Bordyuzhin, IG Borowski, W Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Brovko, SG Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Chen, L Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Chung, P Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Cui, X Leyva, AD De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Dhamija, S Didenko, L Djawotho, P Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Eun, L Evdokimov, O Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Fersch, RG Filip, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gaillard, L Gangadharan, DR Geurts, F Ghosh, P Gliske, S Gorbunov, YN Grebenyuk, OG Grosnick, D Gupta, A Gupta, S Guryn, W Haag, B Hajkova, O Hamed, A Han, LX Harris, JW Hays-Wehle, JP Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Horvat, S Huang, B Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jena, C Jones, PG Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kizka, V Klein, SR Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Koralt, I Koroleva, L Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kumar, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, L Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, ZM Lima, LM Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Lu, Y Lukashov, EV Luo, X Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D McShane, TS Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mitrovski, MK Mohammed, Y Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, B Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Mustafa, MK Naglis, M Nandi, BK Nattrass, C Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Ohlson, A Okorokov, V Oldag, EW Oliveira, RAN Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pan Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Pei, H Perkins, C Peryt, W Pile, P Planinic, M Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Powell, CB Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Qiu, H Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Riley, CK Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ruan, L Rusnak, J Sahoo, NR Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmitz, N Schuster, TR Seele, J Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, B Sharma, M Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Solanki, D Sorensen, P deSouza, UG Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Steadman, SG Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Svirida, DN Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vossen, A Wada, M Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Witzke, W Wu, YF Xiao, Z Xie, W Xu, H Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, W Xu, Y Xu, Z Xue, L Yang, Y Yang, Y Yepes, P Yi, Y Yip, K Yoo, IK Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, JB Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneeva, Y AF Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Anderson, B. D. Anson, C. D. Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Barnby, L. S. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bombara, M. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Borowski, W. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Brovko, S. G. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Chen, L. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Christie, W. Chung, P. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Cui, X. Leyva, A. Davila De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. Derradi de Souza, R. Dhamija, S. Didenko, L. Djawotho, P. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Elnimr, M. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Eun, L. Evdokimov, O. Fatemi, R. Fedorisin, J. Fersch, R. G. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gaillard, L. Gangadharan, D. R. Geurts, F. Ghosh, P. Gliske, S. Gorbunov, Y. N. Grebenyuk, O. G. Grosnick, D. Gupta, A. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hajkova, O. Hamed, A. Han, L. -X. Harris, J. W. Hays-Wehle, J. P. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Horvat, S. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jena, C. Jones, P. G. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kettler, D. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Kizka, V. Klein, S. R. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Koralt, I. Koroleva, L. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kumar, L. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, L. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. M. Lima, L. M. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Lu, Y. Lukashov, E. V. Luo, X. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mitrovski, M. K. Mohammed, Y. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, B. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Mustafa, M. K. Naglis, M. Nandi, B. K. Nattrass, C. Nasim, Md Nayak, T. K. Nogach, L. V. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Ohlson, A. Okorokov, V. Oldag, E. W. Oliveira, R. A. N. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pan Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Porter, J. Poskanzer, A. M. Powell, C. B. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Riley, C. K. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Sahoo, N. R. 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Vossen, A. Wada, M. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Witzke, W. Wu, Y. F. Xiao, Z. Xie, W. Xu, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xue, L. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yi, Y. Yip, K. Yoo, I. -K. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkarneeva, Y. CA STAR Collaboration TI System size and energy dependence of near-side dihadron correlations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTIONS; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; AU+AU COLLISIONS; D+AU COLLISIONS; SPECTRA; RIDGE; P+P AB Two-particle azimuthal (Delta phi) and pseudorapidity (Delta eta) correlations using a trigger particle with large transverse momentum (p(T)) in d+Au, Cu+Cu, and Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 62.4 GeV and 200 GeV from the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider are presented. The near-side correlation is separated into a jet-like component, narrow in both Delta phi and Delta eta, and the ridge, narrow in Delta phi but broad in Delta eta. Both components are studied as a function of collision centrality, and the jet-like correlation is studied as a function of the trigger and associated p(T). The behavior of the jet-like component is remarkably consistent for different collision systems, suggesting it is produced by fragmentation. The width of the jet-like correlation is found to increase with the system size. The ridge, previously observed in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV, is also found in Cu+Cu collisions and in collisions at root s(NN) = 62.4 GeV, but is found to be substantially smaller at root s(NN) = 62.4 GeV than at root s(NN) = 200 GeV for the same average number of participants (< N-part >). Measurements of the ridge are compared to models. C1 [Agakishiev, G.; Alakhverdyants, A. V.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Kizka, V.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Gliske, S.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. 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[Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. [Barnby, L. S.; Bombara, M.; Gaillard, L.; Jones, P. G.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. RP Agakishiev, G (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. RI Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Xu, Wenqin/H-7553-2014; XIAO, Zhigang/C-3788-2015; Aparecido Negrao de Oliveira, Renato/G-9133-2015; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Xue, Liang/F-8077-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Rusnak, Jan/G-8462-2014; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010 OI Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Fisyak, Yuri/0000-0002-3151-8377; Mohanty, Bedangadas/0000-0001-9610-2914; Bhasin, Anju/0000-0002-3687-8179; Ke, Hongwei/0000-0003-1463-7291; Sorensen, Paul/0000-0001-5056-9391; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Xu, Wenqin/0000-0002-5976-4991; Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Xue, Liang/0000-0002-2321-9019; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904 FU RHIC Operations Group; RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; Open Science Grid consortium; Offices of Nuclear Physics and High Energy Physics within the US DOE Office of Science; US NSF; Sloan Foundation; DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe" of Germany; CNRS/IN2P3; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China; GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM and NWO of the Netherlands; DAE, DST, and CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia FX We thank Hannah Petersen, Bjoern Schenke, Derek Teaney, and Li Yan for useful discussions; the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL; the NERSC Center at LBNL and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of Nuclear Physics and High Energy Physics within the US DOE Office of Science; the US NSF; the Sloan Foundation; the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe" of Germany; CNRS/IN2P3; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China; GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM and NWO of the Netherlands; DAE, DST, and CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; and RosAtom of Russia. NR 73 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN 6 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 1 AR 014903 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.85.014903 PG 16 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 873ZM UT WOS:000298924800003 ER PT J AU Porter, KR Ewing, D Chen, L Wu, SJ Hayes, CG Ferrari, M Teneza-Mora, N Raviprakash, K AF Porter, Kevin R. Ewing, Daniel Chen, Lan Wu, Shuenn-Jue Hayes, Curtis G. Ferrari, Marilyn Teneza-Mora, Nimfa Raviprakash, Kanakatte TI Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a vaxfectin-adjuvanted tetravalent dengue DNA vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Dengue; DNA vaccine; Vaxfectin ID PLASMID DNA; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY; VIRUS CHALLENGE; GM-CSF; PROTEIN; MICE; IMMUNIZATION; INCREASES; SEQUENCES; IMMUNITY AB A prototype dengue-1 DNA vaccine was shown to be safe and immunogenic in a previous Phase 1 clinical trial. Anti-dengue-1 neutralizing antibody responses were detectable only in the group of volunteers receiving the high dose of nonadjuvanted vaccine and the antibody titers were low. Vaxfectin (R), a lipid-based adjuvant, enhances the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines. We conducted a nonhuman primate study to evaluate the effect of vaxfectin (R) on the immunogenicity of a tetravalent dengue DNA vaccine. Animals were immunized on days 0, 28 and 84, with each immunization consisting of 3 mg of Vaxfectin (R)-adjuvanted tetravalent dengue DNA vaccine. The use of Vaxfectin (R) resulted in a significant increase in anti-dengue neutralizing antibody responses against dengue-1, -3 and -4. There was little to no effect on T cell responses as measured by interferon gamma ELISPOT assay. Animals immunized with the Vaxfectin (R)-formulated tetravalent DNA vaccine showed significant protection against live dengue-2 virus challenge compared to control animals (0.75 mean days of viremia vs 3.3 days). Animals vaccinated with nonadjuvanted DNA had a mean 2.0 days of viremia. These results support further evaluation of the Vaxfectin (R)-adjuvanted tetravalent dengue DNA vaccine in a Phase 1 clinical trial. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Porter, Kevin R.; Ewing, Daniel; Chen, Lan; Wu, Shuenn-Jue; Hayes, Curtis G.; Teneza-Mora, Nimfa; Raviprakash, Kanakatte] USN, Med Res Ctr, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Ferrari, Marilyn] Vical Inc, San Diego, CA USA. RP Porter, KR (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, Bldg 503,Room 3S04, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM kevin.porter@med.navy.mil FU Naval Medical Research Center work unit [62236 N.4127.3696.A0258]; Office of Naval Research FX This research was supported by Naval Medical Research Center work unit # 62236 N.4127.3696.A0258 and the Agile Vaccine Program, Office of Naval Research. NR 27 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 5 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 2 BP 336 EP 341 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.10.085 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 887YU UT WOS:000299971800034 PM 22085548 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Allafort, A Atwood, WB Baldini, L Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Bregeon, J Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Cutini, S de Angelis, A de Palma, F Dermer, CD Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Focke, WB Fortin, P Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Germani, S Giglietto, N Giommi, P Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grove, JE Guiriec, S Gustafsson, M Hadasch, D Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Garde, ML Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nakamori, T Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Parent, D Pesce-Rollins, M Pierbattista, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Romani, RW Roth, M Sadrozinski, HFW Sbarra, C Schalk, TL Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Spandre, G Spinelli, P Strong, AW Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JG Thayer, JB Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vitale, V Waite, AP Winer, BL Wood, KS Wood, M Yang, Z Zimmer, S AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Allafort, A. Atwood, W. B. Baldini, L. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Focke, W. B. Fortin, P. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giommi, P. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grove, J. E. Guiriec, S. Gustafsson, M. Hadasch, D. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Garde, M. Llena Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Parent, D. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Romani, R. W. Roth, M. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sbarra, C. Schalk, T. L. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strong, A. W. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Wood, M. Yang, Z. Zimmer, S. CA Fermi LAT Collaboration TI Measurement of Separate Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Spectra with the Fermi Large Area Telescope SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RADIATION; ENERGIES; RATIO; SPECTROMETER; ASYMMETRY; COMPONENT; FRACTION; FLIGHT AB We measured separate cosmic-ray electron and positron spectra with the Fermi Large Area Telescope. Because the instrument does not have an onboard magnet, we distinguish the two species by exploiting Earth's shadow, which is offset in opposite directions for opposite charges due to Earth's magnetic field. We estimate and subtract the cosmic-ray proton background using two different methods that produce consistent results. We report the electron-only spectrum, the positron-only spectrum, and the positron fraction between 20 and 200 GeV. We confirm that the fraction rises with energy in the 20-100 GeV range. The three new spectral points between 100 and 200 GeVare consistent with a fraction that is continuing to rise with energy. C1 [Ackermann, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ajello, M.; Allafort, A.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Bouvier, A.; Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Schalk, T. L.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Bouvier, A.; Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Schalk, T. L.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.; Tinivella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Gustafsson, M.; Rando, R.; Sbarra, C.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Pivato, G.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.; Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEE CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Pierbattista, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, IRFU, CEA,Lab AIM,Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Chekhtman, A.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Cheung, C. C.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ciprini, S.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Garde, M. Llena; Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Garde, M. Llena; Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Giommi, P.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ferrara, E. C.; Harding, A. K.; McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Mizuno, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Giroletti, M.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hayashida, M.] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Hughes, R. E.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Katagiri, H.] Ibaraki Univ, Coll Sci, Mito, Ibaraki 3108512, Japan. [Kataoka, J.; Nakamori, T.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.] IRAP, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knoedlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, GAHEC, UPS, OMP,IRAP, Toulouse, France. [Latronico, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Reposeur, T.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Moiseev, A. A.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Phys, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Ohno, M.; Okumura, A.; Ozaki, M.; Takahashi, T.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Orlando, E.; Strong, A. W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Parent, D.; Razzaque, S.] George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. RP Ackermann, M (reprint author), Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. EM markus.ackermann@desy.de; funk@slac.stanford.edu; warit@slac.stanford.edu; carmelo.sgro@pi.infn.it; justinv@stanford.edu RI Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; OI lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Zimmer, Stephan/0000-0002-5735-0082; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726 FU European Community [ERC-StG-259391]; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges support from a number of agencies and institutes for both development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include NASA and DOE in the United States, CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS in France, ASI and INFN in Italy, MEXT, KEK, and JAXA in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support from INAF in Italy and CNES in France for science analysis during the operations phase is also gratefully acknowledged. M. Lemoine-Goumard is funded by contract ERC-StG-259391 from the European Community. J. Conrad is a Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research Fellow, funded by a grant from the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation. E. Troja is a NASA Postdoctoral Program Fellow. NR 39 TC 277 Z9 281 U1 10 U2 31 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 5 PY 2012 VL 108 IS 1 AR 011103 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.011103 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 874AX UT WOS:000298928500005 PM 22304252 ER PT J AU Wojnarowska, Z Roland, CM Swiety-Pospiech, A Grzybowska, K Paluch, M AF Wojnarowska, Z. Roland, C. M. Swiety-Pospiech, A. Grzybowska, K. Paluch, M. TI Anomalous Electrical Conductivity Behavior at Elevated Pressure in the Protic Ionic Liquid Procainamide Hydrochloride SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURAL RELAXATION; DC CONDUCTIVITY; TIME; TEMPERATURE; TRANSPORT; POLYMERS; CRYSTALLIZATION; DYNAMICS; KINETICS; MODULUS AB Using broadband dielectric spectroscopy, we investigated the effect of hydrostatic pressure on the conductivity relaxation time tau(sigma) of the supercooled protic ionic liquid, procainamide hydrochloride, a common pharmaceutical. The pressure dependence of tau(sigma) exhibited anomalous behavior in the vicinity of the glass transition T(g), manifested by abrupt changes in activation volume. This peculiar behavior, paralleling the change in temperature dependence of tau(sigma) near T(g), is a manifestation of the decoupling between electrical conductivity and structural relaxation. Although the latter effectively ceases in the glassy state, free ions retain their mobility but with a reduced sensitivity to thermodynamic changes. This is the first observation of decoupling of ion migration from structural relaxation in a glassy conductor by isothermal densification. C1 [Wojnarowska, Z.; Swiety-Pospiech, A.; Grzybowska, K.; Paluch, M.] Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. [Roland, C. M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wojnarowska, Z (reprint author), Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, Ul Uniwersytecka 4, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. FU Office of Naval Research; Polish State of Committee for Scientific Research [N N202 023440] FX The work at NRL was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The support of the Polish State of Committee for Scientific Research (Grant No. N N202 023440) is gratefully acknowledged. NR 30 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 22 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 5 PY 2012 VL 108 IS 1 AR 015701 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.015701 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 874AX UT WOS:000298928500011 PM 22304270 ER PT J AU Choisne, J Ringleb, SI Sarnaan, MA Bawab, SY Naik, D Anderson, CD AF Choisne, Julie Ringleb, Stacie I. Sarnaan, Michael A. Bawab, Sebastian Y. Naik, Dayanand Anderson, Claude D. TI Influence of kinematic analysis methods on detecting ankle and subtalar joint instability SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Subtalar joint instability; Kinematics; Euler angles; Joint coordinate system; Helical axis ID PASSIVE MOTION CHARACTERISTICS; LATERAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENTS; IN-VIVO; FLEXIBILITY CHARACTERISTICS; 3-DIMENSIONAL KINEMATICS; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; TALOCALCANEAL JOINT; ISB RECOMMENDATION; COORDINATE SYSTEM; STRESS MRI AB Patients with subtalar joint instability may be misdiagnosed with ankle instability, which may lead to chronic instability at the subtalar joint. Therefore, it is important to understand the difference in kinematics after ligament sectioning and differentiate the changes in kinematics between ankle and subtalar instability. Three methods may be used to determine the joint kinematics; the Euler angles, the Joint Coordinate System (JCS) and the helical axis (HA). The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of using either method to detect subtalar and ankle joints instability. 3D kinematics at the ankle and subtalar joint were analyzed on 8 cadaveric specimens while the foot was intact and after sequentially sectioning the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL), the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL), the cervical ligament and the interosseous talocalcaneal ligament (ITCL). Comparison in kinematics calculated from sensor and anatomical landmarks was conducted as well as the influence of Euler angles and JCS rotation sequence (between ISB recommendation and previous research) on the subtalar joint. All data showed a significant increase in inversion when the ITCL was sectioned. There were differences in the data calculated using sensors coordinate systems vs. anatomic coordinate systems. Anatomic coordinate systems were recommended for these calculations. The Euler angle and JCS gave similar results. Differences in Euler angles and JCS sequence lead to the same conclusion in detecting instability at the ankle and subtalar joint. As expected, the HA detected instability in plantarflexion at the ankle joint and in inversion at the subtalar joint. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ringleb, Stacie I.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Ringleb, Stacie I.] Old Dominion Univ, Virginia Modeling Anal & Simulat Ctr, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Anderson, Claude D.] USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP Ringleb, SI (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, 238C Kaufman Hall, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM Sringleb@odu.edu FU American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society FX This research was partially funded by the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society. NR 43 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-9290 J9 J BIOMECH JI J. Biomech. PD JAN 3 PY 2012 VL 45 IS 1 BP 46 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.10.015 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA 880ZG UT WOS:000299448500006 PM 22056198 ER PT J AU Velikovich, AL Huete, C Wouchuk, JG AF Velikovich, A. L. Huete, C. Wouchuk, J. G. TI Effect of shock-generated turbulence on the Hugoniot jump conditions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID FUSION; PROPAGATION; FLUIDS; WAVE AB Interaction of a shock wave with preshock random density nonuniformities is known to generate turbulence in the postshock flow. The turbulent motion, in turn, modifies the shock jump conditions. As first detected in the simulations by Hazak et al. [Phys. Plasmas 5, 4357 (1998)], shock compression of a deuterium-filled foam is less than that predicted for a uniform medium of the same average density. Exact analytical small-amplitude theory of this shock undercompression effect is reported, and explicit formulas for the turbulent corrections to the strong-shock Hugoniot jump conditions are presented. C1 [Velikovich, A. L.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Huete, C.; Wouchuk, J. G.] Univ Castilla La Mancha, ETSII, Inst Invest Energet INEI, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain. RP Velikovich, AL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Huete, Cesar/A-3184-2012; Wouchuk, J. G./F-1449-2016 OI Huete, Cesar/0000-0002-3227-8520; FU US DOE/NNSA; Ministry of Science; MEC [FIS2006-05389]; Junta de CLM, Spain [PAI08-0182-3162] FX The authors are grateful to G. Hazak, V.N. Goncharov, and I.V. Igumenshchev for stimulating discussions. This paper was supported by the US DOE/NNSA (A.L.V.) and by the Ministry of Science, MEC (Grant No. FIS2006-05389) and Junta de CLM (Grant No. PAI08-0182-3162) Spain (J.G.W. and C.H.) NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JAN 3 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 1 AR 016301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.85.016301 PN 2 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 876QZ UT WOS:000299124000003 PM 22400652 ER PT J AU Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Alekseev, I Alford, J Anderson, BD Anson, CD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Balewski, J Beavis, DR Behera, NK Bellwied, R Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Borowski, W Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Bridgeman, A Brovko, SG Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Chen, L Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, KE Christie, W Chung, P Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Cui Leyva, AD De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Didenko, L Djawotho, P Dogra, SM Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Estienne, M Eun, L Evdokimov, O Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Fersch, RG Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Geurts, F Ghosh, P Gorbunov, YN Gordon, A Grebenyuk, OG Grosnick, D Gupta, A Gupta, S Guryn, W Haag, B Hajkova, O Hamed, A Han, LX Harris, JW Hays-Wehle, JP Heinz, M Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Huang, B Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jena, C Jin, F Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Kizka, V Klein, SR Knospe, AG Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Koralt, I Koroleva, L Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kouchpil, V Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Krus, M Kumar, L Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, L Li, N Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, ZM Lima, LM Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, H Liu, J Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Lu, Y Lukashov, EV Luo, X Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D McShane, TS Meschanin, A Milner, R Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mitrovski, MK Mohammed, Y Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, B Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Mustafa, MK Naglis, M Nandi, BK Nayak, TK Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Ohlson, A Okorokov, V Oldag, EW Oliveira, RAN Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Pei, H Peitzmann, T Perkins, C Peryt, W Pile, P Planinic, M Ploskon, MA Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Potukuchi, BVKS Powell, CB Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Qiu, H Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ruan, L Rusnak, J Sahoo, NR Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schaub, J Schmah, AM Schmitz, N Schuster, TR Seele, J Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Solanki, D Sorensen, P deSouza, UG Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Steadman, SG Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Subba, NL Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Svirida, DN Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Videbk, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Wada, M Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Witzke, W Wu, YF Xiao, Z Xie, W Xu, H Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, W Xu, Y Xu, Z Xue, L Yang, Y Yang, Y Yepes, P Yip, K Yoo, IK Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, JB Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneeva, Y AF Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Anderson, B. D. Anson, C. D. Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Beavis, D. R. Behera, N. K. Bellwied, R. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Borowski, W. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Bridgeman, A. Brovko, S. G. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Chen, L. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Choi, K. E. Christie, W. Chung, P. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Cui Leyva, A. Davila De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. Derradi de Souza, R. Didenko, L. Djawotho, P. Dogra, S. M. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Elnimr, M. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Estienne, M. Eun, L. Evdokimov, O. Fatemi, R. Fedorisin, J. Fersch, R. G. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fine, V. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gangadharan, D. R. Geurts, F. Ghosh, P. Gorbunov, Y. N. Gordon, A. Grebenyuk, O. G. Grosnick, D. Gupta, A. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hajkova, O. Hamed, A. Han, L. -X. Harris, J. W. Hays-Wehle, J. P. Heinz, M. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hjort, E. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Jacobs, P. Jacobs, W. W. Jena, C. Jin, F. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kettler, D. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Kizka, V. Klein, S. R. Knospe, A. G. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Koralt, I. Koroleva, L. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kouchpil, V. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Krus, M. Kumar, L. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, L. Li, N. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. M. Lima, L. M. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Liu, H. Liu, J. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Lu, Y. Lukashov, E. V. Luo, X. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Manweiler, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Meschanin, A. Milner, R. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mitrovski, M. K. Mohammed, Y. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, B. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Mustafa, M. K. Naglis, M. Nandi, B. K. Nayak, T. K. Nogach, L. V. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Ohlson, A. Okorokov, V. Oldag, E. W. Oliveira, R. A. N. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Pei, H. Peitzmann, T. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Ploskon, M. A. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Porter, J. Poskanzer, A. M. Potukuchi, B. V. K. S. Powell, C. B. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Sahoo, N. R. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sangaline, E. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schaub, J. Schmah, A. M. Schmitz, N. Schuster, T. R. Seele, J. Seger, J. Selyuzhenkov, I. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Simon, F. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Solanki, D. Sorensen, P. deSouza, U. G. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Steadman, S. G. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Subba, N. L. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Symons, T. J. M. Szanto de Toledo, A. Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Trzeciak, B. A. Tsai, O. D. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbk, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Witzke, W. Wu, Y. F. Xiao, Z. Xie, W. Xu, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xue, L. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yip, K. Yoo, I. -K. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkarneeva, Y. CA STAR Collaboration TI Directed and elliptic flow of charged particles in Cu plus Cu collisions at root s(NN)=22.4 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; TIME PROJECTION CHAMBER; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; COLLECTIVE FLOW; STAR; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE; SIGNATURE AB This paper reports results for directed flow v(1) and elliptic flow v(2) of charged particles in Cu + Cu collisions at root s(NN) = 22.4 GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The measurements are for the 0-60% most central collisions, using charged particles observed in the STAR detector. Our measurements extend to 22.4-GeV Cu + Cu collisions the prior observation that v1 is independent of the system size at 62.4 and 200 GeV and also extend the scaling of v(1) with eta/y(beam) to this system. The measured v(2)(p(T)) in Cu + Cu collisions is similar for root s(NN) throughout the range 22.4 to 200 GeV. We also report a comparison with results from transport model (ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics and multiphase transport model) calculations. The model results do not agree quantitatively with the measured v(1)(eta), v(2)(p(T)), and v(2)(eta). C1 [Agakishiev, G.; Alakhverdyants, A. V.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Kizka, V.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Bridgeman, A.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Arkhipkin, D.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Burton, T. P.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Guryn, W.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Mitrovski, M. K.; Ogawa, A.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbk, F.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Brovko, S. G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Liu, H.; Mall, O. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.; Salur, S.; Sangaline, E.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cendejas, R.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Shah, N.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Whitten, C., Jr.; Xu, W.; Zhao, F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Derradi de Souza, R.; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Betts, R. R.; Evdokimov, O.; Hofman, D. J.; Kauder, K.; Pei, H.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Cherney, M.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; McShane, T. S.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. 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[Hirsch, A.; Kikola, D. P.; Konzer, J.; Li, X.; Llope, W. J.; Mustafa, M. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Choi, K. E.; Oh, K.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Solanki, D.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Liu, J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Lima, L. M.; Munhoz, M. G.; Oliveira, R. A. N.; deSouza, U. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; Szanto de Toledo, A.] Univ Sao Paulo, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Cui; Huang, B.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Luo, X.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Li, X.; Xu, Q. H.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Chen, J. H.; Han, L. -X.; Jin, F.; Li, W.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shou, Q. Y.; Tian, J.; Xue, L.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, Y. H.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Borowski, W.; Estienne, M.; Kabana, S.] SUBATECH, F-44307 Nantes, France. [Cervantes, M. C.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Djawotho, P.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Huo, L.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mohammed, Y.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Leyva, A. Davila; Hoffmann, G. W.; Li, L.; Markert, C.; Oldag, E. W.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; De Silva, L. C.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R.; Schaub, J.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Ghosh, P.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Sahoo, N. R.; Singaraju, R. N.; Tribedy, P.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Kisiel, A.; Pandit, Y.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, PL-00661 Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Chen, J. Y.; Chen, L.; Ke, H. W.; Li, N.; Li, Z. M.; Liu, F.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y. F.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J. B.] CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Heinz, M.; Knospe, A. G.; Majka, R.; Ohlson, A.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Agakishiev, G (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. RI Xue, Liang/F-8077-2013; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Rusnak, Jan/G-8462-2014; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Xu, Wenqin/H-7553-2014; XIAO, Zhigang/C-3788-2015; Aparecido Negrao de Oliveira, Renato/G-9133-2015; Bruna, Elena/C-4939-2014; Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016 OI Xue, Liang/0000-0002-2321-9019; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Xu, Wenqin/0000-0002-5976-4991; Bruna, Elena/0000-0001-5427-1461; Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; FU RHIC Operations Group; RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; Open Science Grid consortium; Office of NP within the US DOE Office of Science; Office of HEP within the US DOE Office of Science; US NSF; Sloan Foundation; DFG of Germany; CNRS/ IN2P3; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; GA; MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM; NWO of the Netherlands; DAE; DST; CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the US DOE Office of Science; the US NSF; the Sloan Foundation; the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe" of Germany; CNRS/ IN2P3, FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China; GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM and NWO of the Netherlands; DAE, DST, and CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; and RosAtom of Russia. NR 34 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN 3 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 1 AR 014901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.85.014901 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 873YT UT WOS:000298922700004 ER PT J AU Delehanty, JB Medintz, IL AF Delehanty, James B. Medintz, Igor L. TI Elaborate Nanoparticle-Based Traps for Catching Cytosolic Players in the Act SO CHEMBIOCHEM LA English DT Editorial Material DE fluorescence; molecular interactions; nanoclusters; proteins; self-assembly C1 [Delehanty, James B.; Medintz, Igor L.] USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1439-4227 J9 CHEMBIOCHEM JI ChemBioChem PD JAN 2 PY 2012 VL 13 IS 1 BP 30 EP 33 DI 10.1002/cbic.201100589 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 867VK UT WOS:000298482700004 PM 22121106 ER PT S AU Aguilar, CO AF Aguilar, Cesar O. GP IEEE TI Local controllability of control-affine systems with quadractic drift and constant control-input vector fields SO 2012 IEEE 51ST ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC) SE IEEE Conference on Decision and Control LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 51st IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) CY DEC 10-13, 2012 CL HI SP IEEE, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Inst Operat Res Management Sci, Japanese Soc Instrument & Control Engineers, European Union Control Assoc, Int Federat Automat Control, Elsevier, GE Global Res, MathWorks, Springer, Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Engn, Univ Texas Dallas, Journal Franklin Inst, Engn & Appl Math, Taylor & Francis Grp, Visual Solut, Wolfram Res ID HOMOGENEOUS SYSTEMS AB In this paper we study the small-time local controllability (STLC) property of polynomial control-affine systems whose drift vector field is a 2-homogeneous polynomial vector field and whose control-input vector fields are constant. Such systems arise in the study of controllability of mechanical control systems. Using control variations and rooted trees, we obtain a combinatorial expression for the Taylor series coefficients of a composition of flows of vector fields and use it to derive a high-order sufficient condition for STLC for these systems. The resulting condition is stated in terms of the image of the control-input subspace under the drift vector field and is therefore invariant under (linear) feedback transformations. C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA USA. RP Aguilar, CO (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA USA. EM coaguila@nps.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0191-2216 BN 978-1-4673-2066-5 J9 IEEE DECIS CONTR P PY 2012 BP 1877 EP 1882 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA BIB20 UT WOS:000327200402043 ER PT S AU Andersson, K Jones, K Dobrokhodov, V Kaminer, I AF Andersson, Klas Jones, Kevin Dobrokhodov, Vladimir Kaminer, Isaac GP IEEE TI Thermal Highs and Pitfall Lows - Notes on the Journey to the First Cooperative Autonomous Soaring Flight SO 2012 IEEE 51ST ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC) SE IEEE Conference on Decision and Control LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 51st IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) CY DEC 10-13, 2012 CL HI SP IEEE, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Inst Operat Res Management Sci, Japanese Soc Instrument & Control Engineers, European Union Control Assoc, Int Federat Automat Control, Elsevier, GE Global Res, MathWorks, Springer, Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Engn, Univ Texas Dallas, Journal Franklin Inst, Engn & Appl Math, Taylor & Francis Grp, Visual Solut, Wolfram Res AB This paper discusses the development and flight testing of an algorithm for cooperative soaring by multiple autonomous gliders. Flight test results confirmed that the algorithm functioned as expected and that the gliders worked cooperatively to find and utilize the same updrafts during the test. However, the flight also indicated that the effectiveness of the strategy depends largely on the existing thermal conditions in combination with how restrictively the limits of separation be tween the cooperating gliders are set. To the best of the authors' knowledge this was the world's first cooperative autonomous thermal soaring flight. C1 [Andersson, Klas; Jones, Kevin; Dobrokhodov, Vladimir; Kaminer, Isaac] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Eng, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. RP Andersson, K (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Eng, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. EM klas.andersson.mil@gmail.com; jones@nps.edu; vldobr@nps.edu; kaminer@nps.edu NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0191-2216 BN 978-1-4673-2066-5 J9 IEEE DECIS CONTR P PY 2012 BP 3392 EP 3397 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA BIB20 UT WOS:000327200403119 ER PT S AU Krener, AJ AF Krener, Arthur J. GP IEEE TI Filtering Boundary Value Continuous Time Invariant Linear Systems SO 2012 IEEE 51ST ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC) SE IEEE Conference on Decision and Control LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 51st IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) CY DEC 10-13, 2012 CL HI SP IEEE, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Inst Operat Res Management Sci, Japanese Soc Instrument & Control Engineers, European Union Control Assoc, Int Federat Automat Control, Elsevier, GE Global Res, MathWorks, Springer, Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Engn, Univ Texas Dallas, Journal Franklin Inst, Engn & Appl Math, Taylor & Francis Grp, Visual Solut, Wolfram Res AB We develop the optimal filter for a linear time invariant boundary value system. A linear time invariant boundary value system is a standard linear system, A, B, C, D with the initial conditions replaced by well-posed boundary conditions. We assume that the system is driven by and observed in white Gaussian noise and the boundary value is an independent Gaussian random vector. The boundary value filter reconstructs the current state from the past observations and the mean and variance of the boundary value. It minimizes the error variance over all possible filters. We show by example that knowledge of the boundary conditions can lead to an order of magnitude reduction in the standard error as compared with a Kalman filter. The boundary value filter for an n dimensional system can be realized by a 2n dimensional system. C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Krener, AJ (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ajkrener@nps.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0191-2216 BN 978-1-4673-2066-5 J9 IEEE DECIS CONTR P PY 2012 BP 3814 EP 3820 PG 7 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA BIB20 UT WOS:000327200404026 ER PT S AU Bordonaro, SV Willett, P Bar-Shalom, Y AF Bordonaro, Steven V. Willett, Peter Bar-Shalom, Yaakov GP IEEE TI Bias Elimination in Tracking with Converted Position and Doppler Measurements SO 2012 IEEE 51ST ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC) SE IEEE Conference on Decision and Control LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 51st IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) CY DEC 10-13, 2012 CL HI SP IEEE, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Inst Operat Res Management Sci, Japanese Soc Instrument & Control Engineers, European Union Control Assoc, Int Federat Automat Control, Elsevier, GE Global Res, MathWorks, Springer, Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Engn, Univ Texas Dallas, Journal Franklin Inst, Engn & Appl Math, Taylor & Francis Grp, Visual Solut, Wolfram Res AB In target tracking, it is natural to describe target motion in Cartesian coordinates. In many cases the measurements require some form of nonlinear conversion prior to use in a Cartesian coordinate tracker. There are two sources of bias that can arise as a result of this conversion. The first occurs when the conversion process introduces a bias in the expected value of the converted measurement. The second is estimation bias that occurs when the estimate of the converted measurement error covariance is correlated with the measurement noise. The conversion and estimation biases of previously proposed conversions, including the recently proposed "Decorrelated Unbiased Converted Measurement (DUCM)", are evaluated for two forms of measurement conversion. The first is the conversion from polar to Cartesian coordinates. The second is range-rate estimation from a moving platform. C1 [Bordonaro, Steven V.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02871 USA. RP Bordonaro, SV (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02871 USA. EM steven.bordonaro@navy.mil; willett@engr.uconn.edu; ybs@engr.uconn.edu OI Willett, Peter/0000-0001-8443-5586 NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0191-2216 BN 978-1-4673-2066-5 J9 IEEE DECIS CONTR P PY 2012 BP 4089 EP 4094 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA BIB20 UT WOS:000327200404069 ER PT S AU Ellis, M Mitchell, L Jackson, SL Zier, JC O'Malley, J Threadgold, JR Clemett, CD Thandi, A Martin, PN AF Ellis, Mark Mitchell, Lee Jackson, Stuart L. Zier, Jacob C. O'Malley, John Threadgold, Jim R. Clemett, Ceri D. Thandi, Amandeep Martin, Philip N. BE Yu, B TI Activation of Sodium Iodide Detectors in an Active Interrogation Environment SO 2012 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE RECORD (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium / Medical Imaging Conference Record (NSS/MIC) / 19th Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detector Workshop CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2012 CL Anaheim, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc AB Applications such as the Active Interrogation of shielded nuclear material that require the detection of specific gamma and neutron signatures in a high mixed radiation field background, require detector materials and device fabrications that are not highly susceptible to neutron or photon activation. This paper presents an activation analysis from Active Interrogation experiments where a pulsed-power accelerator was used to deliver 2.5 MeV protons onto a lithium target to produce a spectrum of neutrons up to 1 MeV. The experimental objectives were to characterize the neutron energy spectrum and spatial distribution produced from the ion beam diode utilized with the pulsed accelerator with a view to its utility for the purposes of active detection. A variety of neutron and gamma detectors were used to record the resulting signatures including sodium iodide (NaI), which is the main focus of this paper, and which is also a candidate detector technology to detect fission signatures from active detection systems. A High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector was used to measure the amount of activation created in the NaI detector. The results showed significant activation of the core detection material, with activation product decay time constants of the order of seconds and minutes. Activation of the detector construction materials was also observed. From this type of analysis, the minimum time between active interrogations can be determined based on the recovery time of the detectors following activation, or alternatively, materials can be sought that are less susceptible to activation. C1 [Ellis, Mark; O'Malley, John; Threadgold, Jim R.; Clemett, Ceri D.; Thandi, Amandeep; Martin, Philip N.] AWE, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. [Mitchell, Lee] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Jackson, Stuart L.; Zier, Jacob C.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ellis, M (reprint author), AWE, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. EM mark.ellis@awe.co.uk; lee.mitchell@nrl.navy.mil; stuartjackson@nrl.navy.mil FU U.K. Home Office and Ministry of Defence FX This work was supported by the U.K. Home Office and Ministry of Defence. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-2030-6; 978-1-4673-2028-3 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2012 BP 11 EP 17 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BHW16 UT WOS:000326814200004 ER PT S AU Mistry, P Hill, C O'Malley, J Precious, J Ellis, M Maddock, R Young, FC Jackson, SL Phipps, DG Woolf, R Phlips, B AF Mistry, P. Hill, C. O'Malley, J. Precious, J. Ellis, M. Maddock, R. Young, F. C. Jackson, S. L. Phipps, D. G. Woolf, R. Phlips, B. BE Yu, B TI Photofission for Active SNM Detection II: Intense Pulsed 19F(p,alpha gamma) 160 Characteristic gamma Source SO 2012 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE RECORD (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium / Medical Imaging Conference Record (NSS/MIC) / 19th Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detector Workshop CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2012 CL Anaheim, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc AB An ongoing programme investigating the active detection of special nuclear material (SNM) is being undertaken by the Atomic Weapons Establishment (A WE) in collaboration with the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). The programme is funded through the UK Home Office, Ministry of Defence and Cabinet Office and the Naval Research Laboratory supported primarily through the US Defence Threat Reduction Agency with support also from the Office of Naval Research and the Defence Nuclear Detection Office. The process by which the UK are applying active detection techniques to border protection and a review of the current challenges and opportunities for this technology as assessed by the authors is provided. As part of this programme, the NRL Mercury IVA was operated in positive polarity mode to produce photons characteristic of the 19F(p,alpha gamma)O-16 reaction, at energies of 6.13, 6.92 and 7.12 MeV. Protons produced by Mercury interact with a thick Teflon (PTFE) target to produce characteristic gamma radiation. These in turn were used to induce photofission in a depleted uranium (DU) sample. Eighteen experiments were fielded in September 2011, in which thirty-five detectors were fielded, including He-3 tubes, NaI detectors, liquid scintillators and high purity germanium detectors, capable of detecting both gamma radiation and neutrons. The results from a selection of those detectors are discussed here. A variety of high-Z (lead) and hydrogenous (borated polyethylene) and hydrogenous shielding configurations was employed and positive detection was made up to the maximum shielding tested, 8.5g/cm2. Effects of secondary reactions in the photon production are visible in the results and some employed reduction techniques are discussed. Monte Carlo modelling has been employed for a subset of the He-3 tubes fielded. The results have been found to agree within an order of magnitude, but have also been found to die away more quickly than observed in the experimental data. C1 [Mistry, P.; Hill, C.; O'Malley, J.] Atom Weap Estab, Hydrodynam Div, Aldermaston, England. [Precious, J.; Ellis, M.] Atom Weap Estab, Natl Nucl Secur Div, Aldermaston, England. [Maddock, R.] Atom Weap Estab, Div Radiat Sci, Aldermaston, England. [Young, F. C.; Jackson, S. L.; Phipps, D. G.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC USA. [Woolf, R.; Phlips, B.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC USA. RP Mistry, P (reprint author), Atom Weap Estab, Hydrodynam Div, Aldermaston, England. EM prina.mistry@awe.co.uk FU U.K. Home Office and Ministry of Defence FX This work was supported by the U.K. Home Office and Ministry of Defence NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-2030-6; 978-1-4673-2028-3 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2012 BP 24 EP 31 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BHW16 UT WOS:000326814200007 ER PT S AU Clemett, CD Ellis, M Hill, C Threadgold, J Martin, PN Jackson, SL Zier, JC Hinshelwood, DD Mitchell, L Woolf, R Mosher, D AF Clemett, C. D. Ellis, M. Hill, C. Threadgold, J. Martin, P. N. Jackson, S. L. Zier, J. C. Hinshelwood, D. D. Mitchell, L. Woolf, R. Mosher, D. BE Yu, B TI Neutrons for active detection of special nuclear material: an intense pulsed Li-7(p, n)Be-7 source SO 2012 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE RECORD (NSS/MIC) SE IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium / Medical Imaging Conference Record (NSS/MIC) / 19th Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detector Workshop CY OCT 29-NOV 03, 2012 CL Anaheim, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc ID THICK TARGET; YIELDS AB An ongoing program me looking at the active detection of special nuclear material (SNM) is being undertaken by the Atomic Weapons Establishment (A WE) in collaboration with the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). As part of this programme, pulsed-power driven neutron experiments were conducted at the NRL Mercury accelerator. Mercury was used in a positive polarity mode to produce and accelerate protons into lithium metal foils, generating neutrons via the Li-7(p,n)Be-7 reaction. 13 shots were carried out at varying machine voltages and over 30 separate neutron and gamma-ray diagnostics were fielded to characterise the angular distribution and energy spectrum of the neutrons generated. Machine performance, neutron, and gamma-ray data are presented and discussed. Neutron yields of up to 10(11) neutrons/steradian were recorded, with yields at 60 degrees off axis being approximately 50% of the on axis yield. Previously published analysis [1] of data has been used to validate GEANT4 modelling of the experiments [2]. Machine performance data has been used in conjunction with modelled neutron spectra to predict the performance of the Mercury Li-7(p,n)Be-7 source as a system for detecting SNM. C1 [Clemett, C. D.; Hill, C.; Threadgold, J.; Martin, P. N.] Atom Weap Estab, Hydrodynam Div, Reading, Berks, England. [Ellis, M.] Atom Weap Estab, Natl Inst Secur Div, Reading, Berks, England. [Jackson, S. L.; Zier, J. C.; Hinshelwood, D. D.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC USA. [Mitchell, L.; Woolf, R.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC USA. RP Clemett, CD (reprint author), Atom Weap Estab, Hydrodynam Div, Reading, Berks, England. EM ceri.clemett@awe.co.uk OI Woolf, Richard/0000-0003-4859-1711 FU UK Home Office and Ministry of Defence FX This work was supported by the UK Home Office and Ministry of Defence. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1082-3654 BN 978-1-4673-2030-6; 978-1-4673-2028-3 J9 IEEE NUCL SCI CONF R PY 2012 BP 44 EP 50 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BHW16 UT WOS:000326814200010 ER PT S AU Majumdar, AK Siegenthaler, J Land, P AF Majumdar, Arun K. Siegenthaler, John Land, Phillip BE VanEijk, AMJ Davis, CC Hammel, SM Majumdar, AK TI Analysis of Optical Communications through the Random Air-Water interface: feasibility for Under-Water Communications SO LASER COMMUNICATION AND PROPAGATION THROUGH THE ATMOSPHERE AND OCEANS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans CY AUG 13-15, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE optical communications; air-water interface; underwater communications; random media ID BEAM WANDER; UPLINK AB New results for investigating optical propagation through the random wavy air-water interface relevant to underwater optical communications are presented. A laser beam propagating through the air-water interface reaching a receiver below the water surface, as well as propagated through the water towards an airborne receiver, is significantly distorted due to the high geometric phase aberrations introduced by the random motion of the water surface waves. This causes a significant reduction in the received communications signal resulting in limiting the data transfer capability and the transmitting and receiving data rates. This research develops probabilistic models for optical propagation at the random air-water interface for both reflection and transmission cases under various wind speed conditions. Preliminary results from a laboratory water tank experiment provide information about histograms or the probability density functions of intensity fluctuations measured by a CCD camera for both reflection and transmission cases. Angular displacements of the centroid of the fluctuating laser beam generates the beam wander effects. Finally preliminary results for BER estimates for an on-off keying (OOK) for air-water interface only are presented for a communication system where random air-water interface is a part of communication channel. C1 [Majumdar, Arun K.; Siegenthaler, John; Land, Phillip] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Majumdar, AK (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM arun.majumdar@navy.mil NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9234-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8517 AR 85170T DI 10.1117/12.928999 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BHT83 UT WOS:000326648200022 ER PT B AU Geder, JD Ramamurti, R Palmisano, J Pruessner, M Ratna, B Sandberg, WC AF Geder, Jason D. Ramamurti, Ravi Palmisano, John Pruessner, Marius Ratna, Banahalli Sandberg, William C. GP ASME TI FOUR-FIN BIO-INSPIRED UUV: MODELING AND CONTROL SOLUTIONS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION 2011, VOL 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE) CY NOV 11-17, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Mech Engn ID MECHANICS; DESIGN AB This paper describes the modeling and control development of a bio-inspired unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) propelled by four pectoral fins. Based on both computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimental fin data, we develop a UUV model that focuses on an accurate representation of the fin-generated forces. Models of these forces span a range of controllable fin parameters, as well as take into account leading-trailing fin interactions and free stream flow speeds. The vehicle model is validated by comparing open-loop simulated responses with experimentally measured responses to identical fin inputs. Closed-loop control algorithms, which command changes in fin kinematics, are tested on the vehicle. Comparison of experimental and simulation results for various maneuvers validates the fin and vehicle models, and demonstrates the precise maneuvering capabilities enabled by the actively controlled curvature pectoral fins. C1 [Geder, Jason D.; Ramamurti, Ravi] US Naval Res Lab, Lab Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam, Washington, DC USA. [Palmisano, John; Pruessner, Marius; Ratna, Banahalli] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC USA. [Sandberg, William C.] Int Corp, Modeling & Anal Div Sci Appl, Mclean, VA USA. RP Geder, JD (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Lab Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam, Washington, DC USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5488-4 PY 2012 BP 799 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Mechanical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BGX47 UT WOS:000324505000117 ER PT J AU Sanghera, JS Shaw, LB Gattass, R Busse, LE Kim, W Bayya, S Gibson, D Nguyen, V Kung, F Chin, G Baker, C Ewing, K Aggarwal, ID AF Sanghera, J. S. Shaw, L. B. Gattass, R. Busse, L. E. Kim, W. Bayya, S. Gibson, D. Nguyen, V. Kung, F. Chin, G. Baker, C. Ewing, K. Aggarwal, I. D. GP IEEE TI Infrared Optical Fibers for Sensors SO 2012 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FIBER OPTICS AND PHOTONICS (PHOTONICS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Fiber Optics and Photonics (PHOTONICS) CY DEC 09-12, 2012 CL Chennai, INDIA C1 Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Sanghera, JS (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Baker, Colin/I-6657-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-4718-1 PY 2012 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BHQ22 UT WOS:000326324000103 ER PT S AU Goodman, J Bertoncini, C Moore, M Nousain, B Cowart, G AF Goodman, Joel Bertoncini, Crystal Moore, Michael Nousain, Bryan Cowart, Gregory BE Huang, B Plaza, AJ Thiebaut, C TI Frequency Position Modulation using Multi-Spectral Projections SO SATELLITE DATA COMPRESSION, COMMUNICATIONS, AND PROCESSING VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Satellite Data Compression, Communications, and Processing VIII CY AUG 12-13, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE ID MULTIPATH CHANNELS AB In this paper we present an approach to harness multi-spectral projections (MSPs) to carefully shape and locate tones in frequency, enabling a new and robust modulation in which a signal's discrete frequency support is used to represent symbols. This method, called Frequency Position Modulation (FPM), is an innovative extension to multi-tone-FSK (MT-FSK) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and can be non-uniformly spread over many GHz of instantaneous bandwidth (IBW), resulting in a communications system that is resilient to interference and difficult to intercept. The FPM symbols are recovered using adaptive projections that in part employ an analog polynomial nonlinearity paired with an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) sampling at a rate that is only a fraction of the IBW of the signal. MSPs also facilitate using commercial of-the-shelf (COTS) ADCs with uniform-sampling, standing in sharp contrast to random linear projections by random sampling, which requires a full Nyquist rate sample-and-hold. Our novel communication system concept provides an order of magnitude improvement in processing gain over conventional LPI/LPD communications (e. g., CDMA) and facilitates the ability to operate in interference-laden environments where conventional compressed sensing receivers would fail. We quantitatively analyze the symbol error rate (SER) and processing gain (PG) for a maximum likelihood (ML) -based FPM demodulator and demonstrate its performance in interference-laden conditions. C1 [Goodman, Joel; Bertoncini, Crystal; Nousain, Bryan; Cowart, Gregory] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Goodman, J (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9231-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8514 AR UNSP 85140C DI 10.1117/12.928871 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BHT13 UT WOS:000326602600011 ER PT S AU Magalhaes, M Smith, TE AF Magalhaes, Marcelo Smith, Terry E. GP IEEE TI Adaptive Node Capability to Assess the Characteristic Tempo in a Wireless Communication Network SO 2012 IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING CONFERENCE (WCNC) SE IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC) CY APR 01-04, 2012 CL Paris, FRANCE SP IEEE DE node capability; maximum information exchange rate ID LINKS AB This paper develops a new expression for a network node capability value used to quantify the node's ability to maintain an optimal information flow in a mobile communication network. The capability value is adaptable and is a function of the bandwidth efficiency, the data rate, the energy-per-bit to noise spectral density power ratio and reflects how effectively the node can receive, process and transmit data. To evaluate the capability expression a generalized connectivity metric is used which integrates the node capability values along with their connections scaled by the length of the routes (including their directionality) in order to measure the maximum information exchange rate (characteristic tempo) of the network. Simulation results are shown for a prototype four-node dynamic scenario to numerically evaluate the node capability values and the resulting network characteristic tempo. C1 [Magalhaes, Marcelo; Smith, Terry E.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Magalhaes, M (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. EM pepace@nps.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1525-3511 BN 978-1-4673-0437-5; 978-1-4673-0436-8 J9 IEEE WCNC PY 2012 BP 3013 EP 3018 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BGY37 UT WOS:000324580703021 ER PT B AU Fu, TC Fullerton, AM Schleicher, CC AF Fu, Thomas C. Fullerton, Anne M. Schleicher, Christine C. GP ASME TI WAVEMAKER LIMITATIONS AND DIFFICULTIES IN MODEL TESTING OF SMALL HIGH SPEED CRAFT SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 31ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING, 2012, VOL 4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st ASME International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL SP Petrobras, ASME, Ocean Offshore & Arct Engn Div AB Model testing of marine platforms has always focused on preserving geometric similitude and Froude number. While Froude scaling does provide a good approximation to true dynamic similitude, there are viscous effects which are not scaled. Additionally, the dynamic testing of small high speed marine craft presents difficulties due to their small size, so while one would prefer to minimize these effects by testing large models, model basin characteristics limit the physical size of the models that can be tested. These issues as they relate to model testing, including sea state scaling and scale effects, are discussed. C1 [Fu, Thomas C.; Fullerton, Anne M.; Schleicher, Christine C.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD USA. RP Fu, TC (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4491-5 PY 2012 BP 333 EP 340 PG 8 WC Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BGZ17 UT WOS:000324655900039 ER PT B AU Bandyopadhyay, PR Fredette, AR Hansen, JC AF Bandyopadhyay, Promode R. Fredette, Albert R. Hansen, Joshua C. GP ASME TI INTERACTION OF BOUNDARY LAYER AND BLADE VIBRATION AT ULTRA-LOW ADVANCE RATIOS AND LOW REYNOLDS NUMBERS IN A NOVEL FLAPPING AND SPINNING PROPULSOR SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 31ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING, 2012, VOL 4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st ASME International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL SP Petrobras, ASME, Ocean Offshore & Arct Engn Div AB The nonlinear thrust properties of a small, near-hovering, conventional-looking propulsor are examined. When the propulsive power versus displacement of large and small manmade underwater vehicles is compared against that of large and small fish (distinguishing their red and white muscle distributions), universal trends are observed for cruising and maneuvering irrespective of size. While there is an overlap in the low displacement range of 0.1 to 1 m(3), manmade propulsors have rotating blades that are fixed, but animals use flapping pectoral fins. With this cue, a small and novel propulsor has been built where the fins/blades can both flap and spin. The blade pitch can also be varied, allowing the production of reverse thrust. The nondimensional parameter range of thrust production in both the flapping and spinning modes is determined. When the advance ratio (J) and Reynolds number (Re-c) are ultra-low in the spinning mode, the blade boundary layer couples with small pitch oscillations, and a bimodal behavior ensues. Boundary layer fence and rough blade surfaces shift the behavior to higher effective pitch angles, but the bi-modal behavior persists. A quasi-steady thrust modeling is carried out of the spin mode when the boundary layer couples with the inadvertent small pitch oscillation and when it does not. Temporal modeling indicates that, at ultra-low values of J and Re, the boundary layer and blade vibration interaction can be described as a Lienard (nonlinear) oscillator. The potential mechanism of interaction between blade vibration and rotation, and of their modeling, is discussed. C1 [Bandyopadhyay, Promode R.; Fredette, Albert R.; Hansen, Joshua C.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI USA. RP Bandyopadhyay, PR (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4491-5 PY 2012 BP 623 EP 630 PG 8 WC Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BGZ17 UT WOS:000324655900067 ER PT B AU Jiang, M Lien, V Lesar, D Engle, A Lewis, R AF Jiang, Minyee Lien, Van Lesar, Douglas Engle, Allen Lewis, Richard GP ASME TI A Validation of Various Codes Using Hydrodynamic Wedge Impact Data SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 31ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING, 2012, VOL 4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st ASME International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL SP Petrobras, ASME, Ocean Offshore & Arct Engn Div AB It is well known that slamming and whipping can significantly contribute to a ship's structural loading which can severely impact a ship's operational safety. Therefore, a method of predicting severe transient structural loads is needed, especially for the design of future high-speed patrol boats and high-speed ferries. A number of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes have demonstrated the ability to cope with complex body shapes and to numerically capture the nonlinear effect of hydro-elasticity. However, validation is scarce both due to a lack of experimental data and the computational intensity of the problem. This paper describes a validation study of a Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) code (STAR-CCM+) and a Lagrangian-Eulerian fluid structure interaction (FSI) code (DYSMAS) using 10 degree wedge drop test experimental data obtained at the Naval Warfare Center, Carderock Division, December 2010. C1 [Jiang, Minyee] US Navy, Hydromech Dept, Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div NSWCCD, West Bethesda, MD USA. RP Jiang, M (reprint author), US Navy, Hydromech Dept, Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div NSWCCD, West Bethesda, MD USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4491-5 PY 2012 BP 743 EP 752 PG 10 WC Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BGZ17 UT WOS:000324655900080 ER PT B AU Minnick, L Bassler, C Percival, S AF Minnick, Lisa Bassler, Christopher Percival, Scott GP ASME TI ANALYSIS OF THE PHYSICS OF BILGE KEEL VORTEX GENERATION SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 31ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING, 2012, VOL 4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st ASME International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL SP Petrobras, ASME, Ocean Offshore & Arct Engn Div ID ROLL AB A 2D forced roll oscillation experiment was performed to examine and characterize the physics of vortex generation from ship bilge keels. Measurements included ship model motions, normal force on the bilge keels, and flow field visualizations using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Data was collected for a range of roll oscillation amplitudes, including large amplitudes where the bilge keels interacted with the free surface and for three roll oscillation frequencies. This paper presents analysis and description of the observed phenomena, and examines whether a functional relationship can be established between the force measured on the bilge keel and the flow field generated by the bilge keel. A qualitative discussion of the observed flow characteristics, including the vortex generation at the tip of the bilge keel, detachment, and interaction with the free-surface, is presented. In addition, the circulation in front and behind the bilge keel was calculated, analyzed, and compared to the measured bilge keel force. The analysis conducted was intended to provide improved understanding of the phenomena which occur during bilge keel vortex generation and aid in the development of improved roll damping and bilge keel force models for the prediction of ship motions. C1 [Minnick, Lisa; Bassler, Christopher; Percival, Scott] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD USA. RP Minnick, L (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4491-5 PY 2012 BP 761 EP 779 PG 19 WC Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BGZ17 UT WOS:000324655900082 ER PT S AU Lee, JS Kelly, RG AF Lee, J. S. Kelly, R. G. BE Kish, JR Frankel, GS Davenport, AJ Birbilis, N Zavadil, K TI Factors Controlling the Location of Crevice Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels SO CRITICAL FACTORS IN LOCALIZED CORROSION 7 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th Symposium on Critical Factors in Localized Corrosion held during the 220th Electrochemical-Society (ECS) Meeting CY OCT 10-13, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Bio-Logic ID CORROSION; ELECTRODE; ALLOYS; NI AB Microfabrication techniques and computational modeling were employed to examine the factors controlling the spatial distribution of crevice corrosion of 316L stainless steel in ferric chloride environments. Crevice fabrication consisted of a structural material surrounding a sacrificial material, the latter of which was selectively etched to form a rigorously defined hollow structure over the 316L substrate. For crevice gaps below 3 microns, the site of greatest attack down the crevice length was independent of gap size. A multivariable surface was used to model the variations in the electrochemical boundary condition as a function of chloride concentration. Modeling results predicted the location of greatest attack and that neither ohmic drop nor chemistry change models are suitable for austenitic stainless in acidic chloride environments. Instead, results showed that a chemistry dependent potential-current behavior is the factor that controls the spatial distribution of crevice corrosion attack in this system. C1 [Lee, J. S.] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Lee, JS (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-324-7; 978-1-56677-965-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2012 VL 41 IS 25 BP 17 EP 29 DI 10.1149/1.3697574 PG 13 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA BHG95 UT WOS:000325392600002 ER PT S AU Natishan, PM O'Grady, WE Martin, FJ Rayne, RJ Kahn, H Heuer, AH AF Natishan, P. M. O'Grady, W. E. Martin, F. J. Rayne, R. J. Kahn, H. Heuer, A. H. BE Kish, JR Frankel, GS Davenport, AJ Birbilis, N Zavadil, K TI The Effect of Chloride on Passive Oxide Film Breakdown on Stainless Steels and Aluminum SO CRITICAL FACTORS IN LOCALIZED CORROSION 7 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th Symposium on Critical Factors in Localized Corrosion held during the 220th Electrochemical-Society (ECS) Meeting CY OCT 10-13, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Bio-Logic ID X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON; PITTING CORROSION; FE-26CR ALLOY; AES ANALYSIS; XPS; SPECTROSCOPY; SIMS; ION; METALS; MODEL AB The evidence for adsorption or incorporation of chloride ions (Cl-) in the passive oxide film on stainless steels and Fe-Cr alloys appears to be contradictory, with some investigators reporting Cl- in the oxide and others reporting its absence. We consider this issue by determining Cl- adsorption and/or incorporation as a function of potential (below the pitting potential) on 316L stainless steel using Xray photoelectron spectroscopy and compare our results to the literature on uptake of Cl- by stainless steels and to studies on uptake of Cl- on aluminum. The important finding is that no Cl- is observed in the oxide film on 316L stainless steel whereas in the case of aluminum, Cl- is incorporated into the oxide film. We present the case for those instances where Cl- is observed in the oxide films on stainless steels and Fe-Cr alloys, these observations are a result of the experimental procedures employed. C1 [Natishan, P. M.; O'Grady, W. E.; Martin, F. J.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC USA. RP Natishan, PM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC USA. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-324-7; 978-1-56677-965-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2012 VL 41 IS 25 BP 49 EP 57 DI 10.1149/1.3697577 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA BHG95 UT WOS:000325392600005 ER PT S AU Tailleart, NR Martin, FJ Rayne, RJ Kahn, H Heuer, AH Natishan, PM AF Tailleart, N. R. Martin, F. J. Rayne, R. J. Kahn, H. Heuer, A. H. Natishan, P. M. BE Kish, JR Frankel, GS Davenport, AJ Birbilis, N Zavadil, K TI Passive Film Observations on Interstitially Hardened 316L Stainless Steel with Nitrogen for Improved Corrosion Resistance SO CRITICAL FACTORS IN LOCALIZED CORROSION 7 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th Symposium on Critical Factors in Localized Corrosion held during the 220th Electrochemical-Society (ECS) Meeting CY OCT 10-13, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Bio-Logic ID CREVICE CORROSION; CARBON SUPERSATURATION; NATURAL SEAWATER; CARBURIZATION; ALLOY-625; XPS AB A low temperature (420 degrees C and below), plasma-based interstitial hardening (IH) with nitrogen process on 316L austenitic stainless steels (UNS S31603) was investigated. The IH-treatment significantly improved the hardness and wear resistance for all treatment temperatures. The pitting and crevice corrosion resistance of IH-N samples treated at 370 and 395 degrees C in 0.6 M NaCl solutions was improved compared to untreated samples. XPS analysis after crevice corrosion experiments indicated that no chloride was incorporated into the passive film and a TOF-SIMS experiment showed that the IH-N surface are less reactive to oxygen than untreated 316 stainless steel. C1 [Tailleart, N. R.] NRL, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Tailleart, NR (reprint author), NRL, Washington, DC 20036 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 11 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-324-7; 978-1-56677-965-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2012 VL 41 IS 25 BP 59 EP 66 DI 10.1149/1.3697578 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA BHG95 UT WOS:000325392600006 ER PT S AU Lee, YT Cooper, P AF Lee, Yu-Tai Cooper, Paul GP ASME TI A MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION FOR A CENTRIFUGAL FAN IMPELLER SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME FLUIDS ENGINEERING DIVISION SUMMER MEETING, 2012, VOL 1, PTS A AND B, SYMPOSIA SE ASME Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting (FEDSM) CY JUL 08-12, 2012 CL Rio Grande, PR SP ASME, Fluids Engn Div ID DESIGN AB A reduced-order flow analysis method is developed to predict impeller flow field and impeller performance characteristics for a high-specific-speed centrifugal fan attached with a double-discharge volute. The method is validated by comparing its performance prediction for a baseline fan with measurements. The flow analysis calculation not only predicts impeller flow field, but also generates impeller configurations based on given impeller design parameters. A multi-objective genetic algorithm is also developed and coupled with the reduced-order flow analysis to perform a direct online search of the nominal (deterministic) optimum impeller design envelope. An existing fan serving as the baseline fan was reverse engineered to regenerate its geometry using the current method. The optimization calculations were used to explore design variables including blade inlet and outlet angles, shroud angle and blade leading-edge span as 2, 3 and 4-variable design calculations. The 2-variable prediction concludes that the fan is limited in its performance improvement if only the blade shape is changed, which agrees with early CFD prediction results of the baseline fan. Comparing 3 and 4-variable predictions with the 2-variable predictions, larger ranges of improvement in fan performance are feasible by only considering fan aerodynamics. Furthermore the conflicting nature of design variables with regard to the fan performance improvement is also demonstrated by the prediction results. C1 [Lee, Yu-Tai] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD USA. RP Lee, YT (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD USA. EM yu.lee@navy.mil; paul.cooper@verizon.net NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1093-4928 BN 978-0-7918-4475-5 J9 ASME FLUID ENG DIV PY 2012 BP 153 EP 165 PG 13 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BGX48 UT WOS:000324506700016 ER PT J AU Tsurutani, BT Verkhoglyadova, OP Mannucci, AJ Lakhina, GS Huba, JD AF Tsurutani, Bruce T. Verkhoglyadova, Olga P. Mannucci, Anthony J. Lakhina, Gurbax S. Huba, Joseph D. TI Extreme changes in the dayside ionosphere during a Carrington-type magnetic storm SO JOURNAL OF SPACE WEATHER AND SPACE CLIMATE LA English DT Article DE ionosphere (equatorial); ionosphere (mid latitude); electric field; coronal mass ejection (CME); flares ID LOW-LATITUDE IONOSPHERE; ELECTRIC-FIELDS; PENETRATION; SYSTEM; ORIGIN; SECTOR; MODEL; SAMI2 AB It is shown that during the 30 October 2003 superstorm, dayside O+ ions were uplifted to DMSP altitudes (similar to 850 km). Peak densities were similar to 9 x 10(5) cm(-3) during the magnetic storm main phase (peak Dst = -390 nT). By comparison the 1-2 September 1859 Carrington magnetic storm (peak Dst estimated at -1760 nT) was considerably stronger. We investigate the impact of this storm on the low- to mid-latitude ionosphere using a modified version of the NRL SAMI2 ionospheric code. It is found that the equatorial region (LAT = 0 degrees +/- 15 degrees) is swept free of plasma within 15 min (or less) of storm onset. The plasma is swept to higher altitudes and higher latitudes due to E x B convection associated with the prompt penetration electric field. Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) O+ density enhancements are found to be located within the broad range of latitudes similar to +/- (25 degrees-40 degrees) at similar to 500-900 km altitudes. Densities within these peaks are similar to 6 x 10(6) oxygen ions-cm(-3) at similar to 700 km altitude, approximately +600% quiet time values. The oxygen ions at the top portions (850-1000 km) of uplifted EIAs will cause strong low-altitude satellite drag. Calculations are currently being performed on possible uplift of oxygen neutrals by ion-neutral coupling to understand if there might be further significant satellite drag forces present. C1 [Tsurutani, Bruce T.; Verkhoglyadova, Olga P.; Mannucci, Anthony J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Verkhoglyadova, Olga P.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Lakhina, Gurbax S.] Indian Inst Geomagnetism, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [Huba, Joseph D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Tsurutani, BT (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM bruce.tsurutani@jpl.nasa.gov OI Lakhina, Gurbax /0000-0002-8956-486X; Verkhoglyadova, Olga/0000-0002-9295-9539 FU NASA; Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi; NRL 6.1 Base Funds FX Portions of this research effort were performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under contract with the NASA. GSL thanks the Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi for support under the Senior Scientist Scheme. JDH thanks NRL 6.1 Base Funds for support of this research. We gratefully acknowledge the Center for Space Sciences at the University of Texas at Dallas and the U. S. Air Force for providing the DMSP thermal plasma data. NR 39 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2115-7251 J9 J SPACE WEATHER SPAC JI J. Space Weather Space Clim. PY 2012 VL 2 AR UNSP A05 DI 10.1051/swsc/2012004 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 226AY UT WOS:000325007800005 ER PT B AU Michopoulos, J Sriram, R AF Michopoulos, John Sriram, Ram GP ASME TI 31ST COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE (CIE) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2011, VOL 2, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Internationl Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 28-31, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Design Engn Div, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Comp & Informat Engn Div C1 [Michopoulos, John] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Michopoulos, J (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5479-2 PY 2012 BP 1 EP 2 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BGU92 UT WOS:000324221200001 ER PT B AU Wimmer, SA Pan, MJ AF Wimmer, Stephanie A. Pan, Ming-Jen GP ASME TI COMPUTATIONAL MODELING OF FUGITIVE PHASE ROTATIONS WITHIN TAPE CAST CERAMICS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2011, VOL 2, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Internationl Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 28-31, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Design Engn Div, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Comp & Informat Engn Div AB For complex ceramic parts, new fabrication methods, such as the fugitive phase approach, are required. A common problem in the creation of ceramic parts is obtaining accurate dimensions of the final part. The sintering process makes it very difficult to create precise complex geometries. Tolerances achieved with green ceramics do not carry over to acceptable tolerances on the finished part due to non-uniform shrinkage and warping. The authors are investigating the application of the fugitive phase processing method, which might be able to fabricate topologically complex monolithic ceramic parts with precise tolerances. This paper is a continuation of previous work and examines the lamination step of the fugitive phase approach ceramic fabrication process; the step in which the fugitive phase material is integrated with the green ceramic material. In this step, the pressing along with the geometric layout of the fugitive phase material create an uneven pressure distribution in the green ceramic. Of particular concern is the rotation of the fugitive phase materials during the lamination step. A computational model of the lamination process is used to examine how the plasticity of the fugitive phase material along with computational boundary conditions affect the geometry of the green ceramic produced at the end of the lamination step prior to sintering. The resulting stress, strain energy, and deformed shapes are examined and compared. This information will be used to adjust the experimental investigations of the fugitive phase approach ceramic fabrication process that is working to create topologically complex ceramic components. C1 [Wimmer, Stephanie A.; Pan, Ming-Jen] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wimmer, SA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5479-2 PY 2012 BP 23 EP 29 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BGU92 UT WOS:000324221200004 ER PT B AU Huang, LL Shabaev, A Lambrakos, SG Bernstein, N Jacobs, VL Finkenstadt, D Massa, L AF Huang, Lulu Shabaev, Andrew Lambrakos, Samuel G. Bernstein, Noam Jacobs, Verne L. Finkenstadt, Daniel Massa, Lou GP ASME TI DIELECTRIC RESPONSE OF beta-HMX AT THZ FREQUENCIES CALCULATED BY DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2011, VOL 2, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 28-31, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Design Engn Div, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Comp & Informat Engn Div ID GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS AB We present calculations of ground state resonance structure associated with the high explosives beta-HMX using density functional theory (DFT), which is for the construction of parameterized dielectric response functions for excitation by electromagnetic waves at compatible frequencies. These dielectric functions provide for different types of analyses concerning the dielectric response of explosives. In particular, these dielectric response functions provide quantitative initial estimates of spectral response features for subsequent adjustment with respect to additional information such as laboratory measurements and other types of theory based calculations. With respect to qualitative analysis, these spectra provide for the molecular level interpretation of response structure. The DFT software GAUSSIAN was used for the calculations of ground state resonance structure presented here. C1 [Huang, Lulu; Lambrakos, Samuel G.; Bernstein, Noam; Jacobs, Verne L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Huang, LL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5479-2 PY 2012 BP 83 EP 89 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BGU92 UT WOS:000324221200011 ER PT B AU Wimmer, SA DeGiorgi, VG AF Wimmer, Stephanie A. DeGiorgi, Virginia G. GP ASME TI INITIAL MODELING OF MATERIAL PHASE DRIVEN LOCALIZED CORROSION SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2011, VOL 2, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Internationl Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 28-31, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Design Engn Div, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Comp & Informat Engn Div AB Localized corrosion often occurs when regions of a single material demonstrate a difference in electrochemical potential. Cathodic and anodic regions can develop in a component comprised of a single material. This variation is one cause of localized corrosion damage. This phenomenon of localized anode and cathode regions is well documented but not well understood. In this work the authors are examining variations in electrochemical response of individual grains within a metallic material. The objective is to determine if the distinct electrochemical response associated with austenite and ferrite phases in steel are sufficient to create a localized electrochemical corrosion cell. In this paper the authors present the first of a series of models that capture localized electrochemical corrosion driven by variations in grain polarization response. C1 [Wimmer, Stephanie A.; DeGiorgi, Virginia G.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wimmer, SA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5479-2 PY 2012 BP 155 EP 160 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BGU92 UT WOS:000324221200018 ER PT B AU DeGiorgi, VG Wimmer, SA AF DeGiorgi, Virginia G. Wimmer, Stephanie A. GP ASME TI REVIEW OF SENSITIVITY STUDIES FOR IMPRESSED CURRENT CATHODIC PROTECTION SYSTEMS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2011, VOL 2, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Internationl Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 28-31, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Design Engn Div, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Comp & Informat Engn Div ID DESIGN AB The Naval Research Laboratory has conducted investigations into the computational simulations of shipboard cathodic protection systems for several decades providing a scientific basis for the application of computational modeling to corrosion and signature systems. This work has expanded to other facilities and organizations, several of which are commercial in nature. However, much of the individual sensitivity studies which have led to an increased understanding of the behavior of cathodic protection systems have not had a high visibility. In this paper the authors review selected critical studies with notes towards future work. Because of their impact on modeling accuracy and means of defining components the authors have selected variations in electrolyte conductivity, damage modeling approaches, material characterization and paint characterization for review. C1 [DeGiorgi, Virginia G.; Wimmer, Stephanie A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP DeGiorgi, VG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 6353,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM virginia.degiorgi@nrl.navy.mil; stephanie.wimmer@nrl.navy.mil NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5479-2 PY 2012 BP 181 EP 190 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BGU92 UT WOS:000324221200021 ER PT B AU Michopoulos, JG Iliopoulos, A AF Michopoulos, John G. Iliopoulos, Athanasios GP ASME TI SYMBOLIC ALGEBRA AND THEOREM PROVING FOR FAILURE CRITERIA REDUCTION SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2011, VOL 2, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Internationl Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 28-31, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Design Engn Div, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Comp & Informat Engn Div ID UNIFIED PROCEDURE; DEFORMABLE MEDIA; QUANTIFIER ELIMINATION; CONSTRUCTION; STRENGTH; CONTINUA AB The present paper reports on recent efforts of utilizing symbolic computing for identifying failure criteria cross reducibility from the perspective of theorem proving. Utilizing equational theorem proving algorithms and Grobner Basis polynomial theorem provers implemented in Mathematica we have proven a number of interesting theorems related to the area of structural failure criteria for anisotropic and particularly orthotropic materials. The main contribution of this work is the demonstration of the tremendous utility of symbolic algebra for engineering applications as well as the demonstration of the idea that all failure criteria presented in the literature up to know can be proven under certain conditions to be special forms of general criteria relating to the strain energy density function associated with material continua. Two specific examples are presented and discussed along with a theorem proving the existence of a dual form of all stress space based criteria to equivalent one expressed in strain space. C1 [Michopoulos, John G.] Naval Res Lab, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Michopoulos, JG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5479-2 PY 2012 BP 201 EP 211 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BGU92 UT WOS:000324221200023 ER PT B AU Michopoulos, JG Lambrakos, S Iliopoulos, A AF Michopoulos, John G. Lambrakos, Samuel Iliopoulos, Athanasios GP ASME TI FRICTION STIR WELDING PROCESS PARAMETER EFFECTS ON WORKPIECE WARPAGE DUE TO RESIDUAL STRAINS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2011, VOL 2, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 28-31, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Design Engn Div, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Comp & Informat Engn Div ID ALUMINUM-ALLOY 6061-T6; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; HEAT-TRANSFER; STRESSES; MODEL; OPTIMIZATION; ZONE AB An important performance measure of the quality of a weld is the permanent deformation developed during welding processes due to the thermally activated residual strains. This paper presents the results of a sensitivity analysis that determines the effects of processing parameters -such as the speed of rotation and the traveling speed of a rotating friction stir welding (FSW) tool- on the resulting residual strain fields. The problem has been modeled as a thermostructurally coupled problem via Finite Element Analysis of an elastoplastic workpiece under the influence of heat generated from the stirring process and taking into account the temperature dependent yield strength of the material. Results are presented and discussed in the context of our future plans. C1 [Michopoulos, John G.; Lambrakos, Samuel] Naval Res Lab, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Michopoulos, JG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5479-2 PY 2012 BP 233 EP 240 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BGU92 UT WOS:000324221200026 ER PT B AU Iliopoulos, A Michopoulos, JG AF Iliopoulos, Athanasios Michopoulos, John G. GP ASME TI uBlasCL: ARCHITECTURE AGNOSTIC MASSIVELY PARALLEL LINEAR ALGEBRA SYSTEM SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2011, VOL 2, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Internationl Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 28-31, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Design Engn Div, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Comp & Informat Engn Div AB The need for more efficient, more abstract and easier to use parallel programming interfaces has been recently intensified with the introduction and remarkable evolution of technologies such as the General Purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPG-PUs) and multi-core Central Processing Units (CPUs). In the present paper we present the introduction of the uBlasCL system as a Domain Specific Embedded Language within C++ that implements a Basic Linear Algebra Interface for OpenCL. The system is architecture agnostic, in the sense that it can be programmed independently of the targeted architecture, is massively parallel, and achieves efficiency that tracks well the increase in hardware performance advances. Our effort is based on the utilization of template metaprogramming and domain specific languages fundamentals, for developing a system that has the syntactic flexibility of a symbolic term processing system for expressing mathematics, and the semantic and executional power to exploit the parallelism offered by the hardware in an automated, transparent to the user and efficiently mapped on the hardware manner We also describe its relation to C++, template programming, domain specific languages and OpenCL. In the effort to develop uBlasCL we also developed a middleware library named CL++, as a convenient C++ interface to OpenCL. After the architectural and the implementation descriptions of the system, we present performance testing results demonstrating its potential power C1 [Iliopoulos, Athanasios] Naval Res Lab, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Iliopoulos, A (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5479-2 PY 2012 BP 357 EP 370 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BGU92 UT WOS:000324221200040 ER PT B AU Michopoulos, JG Iliopoulos, A AF Michopoulos, John G. Iliopoulos, Athanasios GP ASME TI COMPLETE HIGH DIMENSIONAL INVERSE CHARACTERIZATION OF FRACTAL SURFACES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2011, VOL 2, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Internationl Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 28-31, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Design Engn Div, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Comp & Informat Engn Div ID INTERFACIAL TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION; WEIERSTRASS-MANDELBROT FUNCTION; ELASTIC-PLASTIC CONTACT; SLOW SLIDING REGIME; ROUGH SURFACES; MULTISCALE ROUGHNESS; PROFILES; SIMULATION; MODELS AB The present paper describes a methodology for the inverse identification of the complete set of parameters associated with the Weirstrass-Mandelbrot (W-M) function that can describe any rough surface known by its profilometric or topographic data. Our effort is motivated by the need to determine the mechanical, electrical and thermal properties of contact surfaces between deformable materials that conduct electricity and heat and require an analytical representation of the surfaces involved. Our method involves utilizing a refactoring of the W-M function that permits defining the characterization problem as a high dimensional singular value decomposition problem for the determination of the so-called phases of the function. Coupled with this process is a second level exhaustive search that enables the determination of the density of the frequencies involved in defining the trigonometric functions involved in the definition of the W-M function. Our approach proves that this is the only additional parameter that needs to be determined for full characterization of the W-M function as the rest can be selected arbitrarily. Numerical applications of the proposed method on both synthetic and actual elevation data, validate the efficiency and the accuracy of the proposed approach. This approach constitutes a radical departure from the traditional fractal dimension characterization studies and opens the road for a very large number of applications. C1 [Michopoulos, John G.] Naval Res Lab, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Michopoulos, JG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5479-2 PY 2012 BP 447 EP 456 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BGU92 UT WOS:000324221200049 ER PT B AU Michopoulos, JG Iliopoulos, A AF Michopoulos, John G. Iliopoulos, Athanasios GP ASME TI A COMPUTATIONAL WORKBENCH FOR REMOTE FULL FIELD 3D DISPLACEMENT AND STRAIN MEASUREMENTS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2011, VOL 2, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Internationl Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 28-31, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Design Engn Div, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Comp & Informat Engn Div AB The present paper reports on the progress towards the development of a computational workbench infrastructure that implements the Meshless Random Grid (MRG) method for the remote (non contact) measurement of displacement and strain fields in 3D space. The method is applicable to structures bounded by flat surfaces that deform under various mechanical and generalized loading conditions in and out of plane. A brief description of the 3D MRG method is followed by the description of the current prototype of a software workbench developed for the computational implementation of the algorithms involved with the analysis display and export of the experimental results associated with any specific applications of the method. C1 [Michopoulos, John G.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Michopoulos, JG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5479-2 PY 2012 BP 489 EP 498 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BGU92 UT WOS:000324221200054 ER PT B AU Michopoulos, JG Hermanson, JG Iliopoulos, A Lambrakos, S Furukawa, T AF Michopoulos, John G. Hermanson, John G. Iliopoulos, Athanasios Lambrakos, Samuel Furukawa, Tomonari GP ASME TI ON THE CONSTITUTIVE RESPONSE CHARACTERIZATION FOR COMPOSITE MATERIALS VIA DATA-DRIVEN DESIGN OPTIMIZATION SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2011, VOL 2, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Internationl Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 28-31, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Design Engn Div, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Comp & Informat Engn Div ID VIRTUAL FIELDS METHOD; NEURAL-NETWORKS; ELASTIC CHARACTERIZATION; MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION; ANISOTROPIC MATERIALS; MULTIAXIAL TESTS; MODEL; DISPLACEMENT; STIFFNESSES; SENSITIVITY AB In the present paper we focus on demonstrating the use of design optimization for the constitutive characterization of anisotropic material systems such as polymer matrix composites, with or without damage. All approaches are based on the availability of experimental data originating from mechatronic material testing systems that can expose specimens to multidimensional loading paths and can automate the acquisition of data representing the excitation and response behavior of the specimens involved. Material characterization is achieved by minimizing the difference between experimentally measured and analytically computed system responses as described by strain fields and surface strain energy densities. A one dimensional model is presented first to elucidate the design optimization for the general non-linear constitutive response. Small and large strain formulations based on strain energy density decompositions are developed and utilized for determining the constitutive behavior of composite materials. Examples based on both synthetic and actual data demonstrate the successful application of design optimization for constitutive characterization. C1 [Michopoulos, John G.; Lambrakos, Samuel] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Michopoulos, JG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5479-2 PY 2012 BP 499 EP 511 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BGU92 UT WOS:000324221200055 ER PT B AU Iliopoulos, A Michopoulos, JG Orifici, AC Thomson, RS AF Iliopoulos, Athanasios Michopoulos, John G. Orifici, Adrian C. Thomson, Rodney S. GP ASME TI EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION OF THE 2D MESHLESS RANDOM GRID METHOD SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2011, VOL 2, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Internationl Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 28-31, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Design Engn Div, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Comp & Informat Engn Div AB This paper presents the first systematic effort for the experimental validation of the 2D Meshless Random Grid Method (MRGM) for the frill field measurement of displacement and strain fields. Although the MRGM has been demonstrating very promising characteristics of accuracy, performance and ease of application based on previously conducted sensitivity analysis supported by virtual data, extensive experimental validation was not available until now This work comes to fill this gap and presents preliminary validation results against strain gauge data collected from open hole tension experiments of composite specimens. In addition, strain and displacement field verification is performed by comparison studies with finite element analysis results. C1 [Iliopoulos, Athanasios] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Iliopoulos, A (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5479-2 PY 2012 BP 513 EP 520 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BGU92 UT WOS:000324221200056 ER PT B AU Caguiat, D AF Caguiat, Daniel GP ASME TI GAS TURBINE PERFORMANCE AND ENERGY CONSERVATION ON DDG-51 CLASS US NAVY SHIPS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2012, VOL 5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo 2012 CY JUN 11-15, 2012 CL Copenhagen, DENMARK SP Int Gas Turine Inst AB On DDG-51 Class US Navy ships, maximum power and propulsion loads do not require all four main gas turbine engines nor all three electric generator engines to be operating simultaneously: U.S. Navy fleet guidance does not mandate a particular plant configuration at any given time. Therefore, the configuration being used on a given ship to support a particular mission is partially at the discretion of the ship's crew. This paper focuses on an effort to utilize real-time data from the ship's power and propulsion plants and auxiliary equipment to assess fuel efficiency and configuration options available, and suggest operating profiles conducive to energy savings. Current Phase I project deliverables, preliminary results, and potential way-forward topics are addressed. C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Caguiat, D (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4471-7 PY 2012 BP 223 EP 233 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Engineering; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BHC48 UT WOS:000324956100025 ER PT B AU Dick, A Diamond, P AF Dick, Adam Diamond, Peter GP ASME TI REDESIGNING THE AUXILIARY POWER UNIT BLEED AIR VENTURI SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2012, VOL 5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo 2012 CY JUN 11-15, 2012 CL Copenhagen, DENMARK SP Int Gas Turine Inst DE T62T-40-7; APU; Landing Craft Air Cushion; Venturi Sizing Analysis; Air Cushion Vehicles AB This paper examines the analysis of redesigning the Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) bleed air spool piece used on the Landing Craft, Air Cushion (LCAC). The APU supplies bleed air for main engine (ME) starting, anti-icing of the propeller shrouds during cold weather conditions and anti-icing of the filtration system that supplies both ME compartment cooling air and the APU gas turbine combustion air. An air-blast cockpit windshield cleaning system is also powered by APU bleed air. A spool piece is a venturi whose function is to limit a specific amount of airflow as it passes through a system. The current spool piece venturi dimensions allow an excess in APU bleed air to on-craft components, resulting in an exhaust gas temperature (EGT) over-temp in the gas turbine power producer. Such operating conditions occur during cold weather testing, when port and starboard propeller shroud anti-ice systems and APU combustion air/main engine compartment cooling air anti-ice systems are operating. In order to rectify this issue, a model analysis was created, determining the proper dimension of the spool piece venturi. Because spool piece venturies have been implemented fleet wide, it was a priority to reduce fabrication expenses of new materials. To best achieve this, the analysis will determine the size of a plain venturi that can be installed within the existing spool pieces. Referring to engine specifications, APU bleed air was limited to a certain flow rate. However, anti-ice components also required a specific mass flow rate in order to operate properly. It is within these boundaries that the proper diameter of the venturi was determined. This issue further expands upon the analysis of thermal testing, inlet and outlet pressures and the mass flow rate of the new venturi dimension. C1 [Dick, Adam; Diamond, Peter] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Branch 935, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Dick, A (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Branch 935, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4471-7 PY 2012 BP 265 EP 269 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Engineering; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BHC48 UT WOS:000324956100029 ER PT B AU Shifler, DA Aprigliano, LF Groghan, D AF Shifler, David A. Aprigliano, Louis F. Groghan, Dan GP ASME TI EVALUATING MATERIALS AND FUELS USING AN ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE LOW-VELOCITY BURNER RIG: FACTORS TO CONSIDER TO AVOID UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2012, VOL 5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo 2012 CY JUN 11-15, 2012 CL Copenhagen, DENMARK SP Int Gas Turine Inst ID HOT CORROSION; SODIUM; SULFIDATION; SUPERALLOYS; NICKEL; TESTS AB The availability of petroleum-derived fuels is declining and the cost of petroleum can fluctuate wildly from $60 to $140 per barrel. These factors are causing a global desire to develop and use alternative fuels. While hydrogen, ethanol, and other non-hydrocarbon fuels are practical alternative fuels for the commercial sector, only liquid hydrocarbons meet the stringent needs of the military in terms of energy content, safety, handling and multi-platform use over the full range of operational conditions. Synthetic fuels will need to meet the current Naval petroleum-based physical, combustion, and chemistry specifications. Therefore, these fuels must be certified to meet Navy requirements and not have an adverse impact on current engine lives or performance. It has been established that low-velocity, atmospheric-pressure burner rigs, when operated properly, simulate the corrosion and degradation of materials operating in Navy shipboard gas turbines. To evaluate new fuels to determine whether or not they will cause accelerated corrosion in a gas turbine, the corrosion of standard coated superalloys representative of materials in the hot section of gas turbines are exposed to the combustion gaseous products of the new fuels or fuel blends in the burner rig and compared to that of a standard Navy fuel. The control of parameters in all tests is critical if proper evaluation and interpretation is to be achieved. Failure to control the parameters leads to questions that could require more testing or deliver unsupportable, indeterminate conclusions. Two case studies will be presented on how these principles were used to conduct successful burner rig tests and how the learning from those cases were applied to make a decision as to how to conduct an alternate fuels test in a third case. C1 [Shifler, David A.] Off Naval Res, Naval Mat Div, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Shifler, DA (reprint author), Off Naval Res, Naval Mat Div, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4471-7 PY 2012 BP 305 EP 314 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Engineering; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BHC48 UT WOS:000324956100033 ER PT B AU Quinones, M Leung, R Williams, S AF Quinones, Martin Leung, Richard Williams, Sherry GP ASME TI ALGAE BASED HYDROPROCESSED FUEL USE ON A MARINE GAS TURBINE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2012, VOL 5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo 2012 CY JUN 11-15, 2012 CL Copenhagen, DENMARK SP Int Gas Turine Inst AB The Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division (NSWCCD) Philadelphia conducted a full scale gas turbine engine test using Rolls Royce engine models 501-K34 and 250-KS4 to assess engine performance and fuel combustion characteristics of an algae based hydroprocessed fuel. The fuel, hereafter described as alternate fuel, consisted of a 50/50 blend of NATO F-76 fuel and the algae based formulation. It is the first time that the U.S. Navy uses a non-petroleum based fuel on a marine gas turbine. The test was conducted at the DDG 51 Land Based Engineering Site (LBES) of NSWCCD during 16-21 January 2011. The alternate fuel test conducted on the 501-K34 engine consisted of 7 cycles of engine operation, one using NATO F-76 fuel to develop a baseline run and six cycles using alternate fuel. Each cycle was 7 hours, twenty minutes in duration and was composed of 27 distinct load scenarios. The total duration of the test was forty four hours. The 250-KS4 engine was used as the starter mechanism for the 501-K34 engine. During the test, parameters for combustion temperature, fuel demand, fuel manifold pressure, engine start time, and operation under various load conditions were recorded. This paper discusses the results of the above test by comparing engine operation using alternate fuel to engine performance using NATO F-76 fuel. C1 [Quinones, Martin] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Quinones, M (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4471-7 PY 2012 BP 397 EP 407 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Engineering; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BHC48 UT WOS:000324956100043 ER PT B AU Kelly, MM Pan, MJ Atre, S Rancourt, G Heyes, A Vick, MJ AF Kelly, Matthew M. Pan, Ming-Jen Atre, Sundar Rancourt, Gregory Heyes, Andrew Vick, Michael J. GP ASME TI CERAMIC MICRO CHANNEL RECUPERATOR FABRICATION METHODS FOR SMALL GAS TURBINE ENGINES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2012, VOL 5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo 2012 CY JUN 11-15, 2012 CL Copenhagen, DENMARK SP Int Gas Turine Inst AB Recuperators can greatly improve the fuel efficiency of gas turbine engines, but they are normally heavy, bulky, expensive, and susceptible to high temperature creep, oxidation, and thermal stresses. One way to alleviate these problems is to make them from ceramic materials rather than metal alloys. However, fabricating these complex structures is a challenge. The technique investigated in this study was to laser-cut thin sheets of tapecast material into complex patterns, laminate them together into stacks, and sinter at high temperature. The layers were laminated together by applying heat, pressure, chemical solvents, and varying combinations of the three. This paper presents the results of all fabrication tests, describes the method used to successfully laminate and sinter one 33-layer stack, and summarizes other possible fabrication techniques for future investigation that would facilitate lamination the process. C1 [Kelly, Matthew M.; Pan, Ming-Jen; Vick, Michael J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kelly, MM (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4471-7 PY 2012 BP 581 EP 587 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Engineering; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BHC48 UT WOS:000324956100061 ER PT B AU Drazen, D Terrill, E Walker, D Hazard, J Cook, T Scott, S AF Drazen, David Terrill, Eric Walker, Don Hazard, Joel Cook, Tom Scott, Shannon GP ASME TI FULL-SCALE MEASUREMENTS OF WAVE IMPACT LOADING ON A FLAT PLATE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 31ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARTIC ENGINEERING, VOL 1 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st ASME International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL SP Petrobras, ASME, Ocean Offshore & Arct Engn Div AB Full scale measurements of wave impact loads and their statistics in real sea states are desirable for validation of numerical simulations and for application to marine engineering design problems. Measuring and/or estimating wave forces on flat plates are especially problematic due to statistics of large waves in a given sea state, the intermittent statistics of wave breaking, the sensitivity of the loading relative to the phase of the incoming wave and scaling issues when translating from model scale data to full-scale. To increase our understanding of wave hydrodynamic pressures on a flat plate, an instrumented plate was deployed from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography's research pier. The instrumented plate is exposed to a wide range of wave conditions with H-s ranging from 3-4 m in the winter and with Hs in the 1-2 m range in the summer The instrumented flat plate is composed of three discrete modules containing 6 pressure gages. Data are being collected over a extended period, nominally 12 months, to characterize extreme value distributions due to wave impact loading. C1 [Drazen, David; Walker, Don] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD USA. RP Drazen, D (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4488-5 PY 2012 BP 449 EP 458 PG 10 WC Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BGY22 UT WOS:000324565000047 ER PT B AU Carr, MA AF Carr, Matthew A. GP ASME TI RECIPROCATING STEAM TURNS 300 SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION, 2011, VOL 5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE) CY NOV 11-17, 2011 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Mech Engn DE Thomas Newcomen; reciprocating steam pump; atmospheric engine; indicator graph; Westfield Engine at Parkgate; mine dewatering AB The year 2012 marks the 300th anniversary of the first successful reciprocating steam engine, which was built by Thomas Newcomen of Dartmouth, England to dewater a coal mine near Tipton, West Midlands, England. With over 1400 built during the 18th Century, Newcomen engines enabled the Industrial Revolution. This paper: (1) commemorates this achievement through an overview of the development of this remarkable machine; (2) describes the operation of the Newcomen steam engine; and, (3) provides modern thermofluids analyses using authentic historical data of the Westfield Engine at Parkgate, an engine that was constructed in 1823 and dismantled in 1934. The overarching goal of this paper is to encourage teaching about this fascinating historical technology in today's classrooms by providing the background knowledge and pertinent calculations for integration into current thermofluids courses. C1 US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Carr, MA (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM macarr@usna.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5491-4 PY 2012 BP 249 EP 258 PG 10 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Mechanical SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA BGZ18 UT WOS:000324656200032 ER PT B AU Sun, MTW Wescott, CG Jones, LR AF Sun, Milan Tung-Wen Wescott, Clay G. Jones, L. R. BE Sun, MTW Wescott, CG Jones, LR TI Exploring the Dilemma of Trust and Governance PEFACE SO TRUST AND GOVERNANCE INSTITUTIONS: ASIAN EXPERIENCES SE Research in Public Management LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Sun, Milan Tung-Wen] Natl Chi Nan Univ, Dept Publ Policy & Adm, Puli, Taiwan. [Wescott, Clay G.] World Bank, Washington, DC USA. [Wescott, Clay G.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Jones, L. R.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA USA. RP Sun, MTW (reprint author), Natl Chi Nan Univ, Dept Publ Policy & Adm, Puli, Taiwan. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMATION AGE PUBLISHING-IAP PI CHARLOTTE PA PO BOX 79049, CHARLOTTE, NC 28271-7047 USA BN 978-1-61735-947-7 J9 RES PUBLIC MANAG PY 2012 BP VII EP XI PG 5 WC Area Studies; Public Administration SC Area Studies; Public Administration GA BGL27 UT WOS:000323394800001 ER PT J AU Karbhari, VM Love, CT AF Karbhari, V. M. Love, C. T. BE Gao, F TI Processing of nanotube-based nanocomposites SO ADVANCES IN POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES: TYPES AND APPLICATIONS SE Woodhead Publishing in Materials LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE carbon nanotubes; composites; alignment; processing; performance attributes ID MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT POLYETHYLENE; SITU EMULSION POLYMERIZATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ELECTRIC-FIELD; CHEMICAL FUNCTIONALIZATION; POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE); COMPOSITE FILMS; NATURAL-RUBBER; LOAD-TRANSFER AB With the continuing developments in materials synthesis and characterization at the nanoscale the potential of true materials tailoring has been enhanced substantially. In general this class of materials involves structures that have at least one dimension at the nanometer scale (usually taken to be up to 100 nanometers). The utilization of nanoscale fibers in polymer composites not only enables the development of uniquely created structures but also provides a means for the development of unique properties and functionalities at levels not possible with conventional fiber reinforced composites. It is the goal of this chapter to introduce the advances in carbon nanotube (CNT) nanocomposite research with specific emphasis on processing routes used to disperse, align and fabricate carbon nanotube reinforced polymer nanocomposites for enhanced physical and mechanical properties. Acknowledging that the potential for CNTs as reinforcement and conductive media has not yet been fully realized, a discussion on future trends is also given. C1 [Karbhari, V. M.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Love, C. T.] US Naval Res Lab, Alternate Energy Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Karbhari, VM (reprint author), Univ Alabama, 366 Shelbie King Hall, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. EM vistasp.karbhari@uah.edu; corey.love@nrl.navy.mil NR 112 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-85709-624-1 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL MATER PY 2012 BP 3 EP 32 D2 10.1533/9780857096241 PG 30 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Polymer Science SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Polymer Science GA BGH70 UT WOS:000323033800002 ER PT J AU Hamilton, R Raghupathi, M AF Hamilton, Ryan Raghupathi, Mrinal TI The Toeplitz Corona Problem for Algebras of Multipliers on a Nevanlinna-Pick Space SO INDIANA UNIVERSITY MATHEMATICS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Nevanlinna-Pick interpolation; reproducing kernel; corona theorem; multiplier algebra ID KERNEL HILBERT-SPACES; INTERPOLATION; FACTORIZATION; SUBALGEBRAS; REFLEXIVITY; INFINITY; THEOREM; BALL AB Suppose U is an algebra of operators on a Hilbert space H and A(1), ... , A(n) is an element of U. If the row operator [A(1), ..., A(n)] has a right inverse, the Toeplitz corona problem asks if a right inverse can be found with entries in U. When H is a complete Nevanlinna-Pick space and U is a weakly closed algebra of multiplication operators on H, we show that under a stronger hypothesis, the Toeplitz corona problem for U has a solution. When U is the full multiplier algebra of H, the Toeplitz corona theorems of Arveson, Schubert, and Ball-Trent-Vinnikov are obtained. A tangential interpolation result for these algebras is introduced in order to solve the Toeplitz corona problem. C1 [Hamilton, Ryan] Univ Waterloo, Dept Pure Math, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Raghupathi, Mrinal] USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Hamilton, R (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Dept Pure Math, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. EM rhamilto@math.uwaterloo.ca; raghupat@usna.edu FU NSERC FX First author has been partially supported by an NSERC graduate scholarship. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU INDIANA UNIV MATH JOURNAL PI BLOOMINGTON PA SWAIN HALL EAST 222, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47405 USA SN 0022-2518 J9 INDIANA U MATH J JI Indiana Univ. Math. J. PY 2012 VL 61 IS 4 BP 1393 EP 1405 PG 13 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 202BE UT WOS:000323187700001 ER PT S AU Bailey, JK Schweitzer, JA Ubeda, F Fitzpatrick, BM Genung, MA Pregitzer, CC Zinkgraf, M Whitham, TG Keith, A O'Reilly-Wapstra, JM Potts, BM Rehill, BJ Leroy, CJ Fischer, DG AF Bailey, Joseph K. Schweitzer, Jennifer A. Ubeda, Francisco Fitzpatrick, Benjamin M. Genung, Mark A. Pregitzer, Clara C. Zinkgraf, Matthew Whitham, Thomas G. Keith, Arthur O'Reilly-Wapstra, Julianne M. Potts, Bradley M. Rehill, Brian J. Leroy, Carri J. Fischer, Dylan G. BE Iason, GR Dicke, M Hartley, SE TI From genes to ecosystems: emerging concepts bridging ecological and evolutionary dynamics SO ECOLOGY OF PLANT SECONDARY METABOLITES: FROM GENES TO GLOBAL PROCESSES SE Ecological Reviews LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID COMMUNITY ECOLOGY; LOCAL ADAPTATION; PLANT GENOTYPE; CONTEMPORARY MICROEVOLUTION; NATURAL HYBRIDIZATION; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; RAPID EVOLUTION; MODERN LIFE; HERBIVORE; SELECTION C1 [Bailey, Joseph K.; Schweitzer, Jennifer A.; Ubeda, Francisco; Fitzpatrick, Benjamin M.; Genung, Mark A.; Pregitzer, Clara C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Zinkgraf, Matthew; Whitham, Thomas G.; Keith, Arthur] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [O'Reilly-Wapstra, Julianne M.; Potts, Bradley M.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Plant Sci, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Rehill, Brian J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Leroy, Carri J.; Fischer, Dylan G.] Evergreen State Coll, Environm Studies Program, Olympia, WA 98505 USA. RP Bailey, JK (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM Joe.Bailey@utk.edu; Jen.Schweitzer@utk.edu; fubeda@utk.edu; benfitz@utk.edu; mgenung@utk.edu; cpregitz@utk.edu; msz2@nau.edu; Thomas.Whitham@nau.edu; Arthur.Keith@NAU.EDU; Julianne.OReilly@utas.edu.au; B.M.Potts@utas.edu.au; rehill@usna.edu; LeRoyC@evergreen.edu; fischerd@evergreen.edu RI Potts, Brad/C-6489-2013 OI Potts, Brad/0000-0001-6244-289X NR 84 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 20 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1992-3295 BN 978-0-521-19326-9 J9 ECOL REV JI Ecol. Rev. PY 2012 BP 269 EP 286 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511675751 PG 18 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BFZ30 UT WOS:000321954600015 ER PT S AU Romano, M AF Romano, Marcello BE Guerman, AD Bainum, PM Contant, JM TI CONCISE FORM OF THE DYNAMIC AND KINEMATIC SOLUTIONS OF THE EULER-POINSOT PROBLEM SO FIRST IAA CONFERENCE ON DYNAMICS AND CONTROL OF SPACE SYSTEMS 2012, PTS I AND II SE Advances in the Astronautical Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International-Academy-of-Astronautics Conference on Dynamics and Control of Space Systems (DyCoSS) CY MAR 19-21, 2012 CL Porto, PORTUGAL SP Int Acad Astronaut AB The spontaneous motion (or torque-free motion) of a triaxial rigid body, also known as Euler-Poinsot motion, is defined as the rotation of a rigid body under no external torques. Previously known exact solutions of the Euler-Poinsot problem are here presented in an original form. The solutions for both the dynamics (angular velocity components) and for the kinematics (in terms of elements of the rotation matrix) are here presented as a sequence of self-contained theorems. In particular, the dynamic solution, discovered by Jacobi, is formulated in a new universal form which is advantageous with respect to previously proposed forms: in fact the new form proposed here is very compact and it is universal, in the sense that all of the possible cases of initial conditions and body geometries are treated in a single statement and no branching in different solutions, as a discrete function of time, is necessary. Furthermore, the kinematic solution in terms of rotation matrix, initially proposed by Jacobi, is re-written here in modern notation, and, for the first time, given in a universal form. The here proposed formulations, because of their compactness and universality, are appealing for use in both graduate students' education and in the engineering practice: in fact, they are particularly suitable for software implementation. C1 US Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA USA. RP Romano, M (reprint author), US Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIVELT INC PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 28130, SAN DIEGO, CA 92128 USA SN 1081-6003 BN 978-0-87703-587-9 J9 ADV ASTRONAUT SCI PY 2012 VL 145 BP 55 EP 68 PG 14 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BFX62 UT WOS:000321808100005 ER PT J AU Augier, M Knudsen, T AF Augier, Mie Knudsen, Thorbjorn BE Arena, R Festre, A Lazaric, N TI The architecture and management of knowledge in organizations SO HANDBOOK OF KNOWLEDGE AND ECONOMICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES; POLYARCHIES; HIERARCHIES; SYSTEMS; FALLIBILITY; INFORMATION; COMMITTEES; ECONOMICS; ASSETS C1 [Augier, Mie] Naval Postgrad Sch, Ctr New Secur Econ & Net Assessment, Monterey, CA USA. [Knudsen, Thorbjorn] Univ Southern Denmark, Strateg Org Design Unit SOD, Odense, Denmark. RP Augier, M (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Ctr New Secur Econ & Net Assessment, Monterey, CA USA. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD PI CHELTENHAM PA GLENSANDA HOUSE, MONTPELLIER PARADE, CHELTENHAM GL50 1UA, GLOS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84376-404-5 PY 2012 BP 435 EP 457 PG 23 WC Business; Economics SC Business & Economics GA BFW75 UT WOS:000321700000019 ER PT S AU Kanaev, AV AF Kanaev, A. V. BE Stein, K Gonglewski, J TI Multi-frame Restoration of Turbulence Degraded Underwater Images SO OPTICS IN ATMOSPHERIC PROPAGATION AND ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS XV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optics in Atmospheric Propagation and Adaptive Systems XV CY SEP 25, 2012 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE, SELEX GALILEO, THALES DE underwater imaging; optical flow; confidence measure; imaging through turbulence AB The ability to image underwater is highly desired for scientific and military applications, including optical communications, situational awareness, diver visibility, and mine detection. However, underwater imaging is severely impaired by scattering and optical turbulence associated with refraction index fluctuations. Naturally, the approaches taken to solve the underwater image restoration problem have their origin in atmospheric turbulence compensation algorithms. There is certain similarity between the atmospheric and underwater image degradations but the difference in the scales of refraction index fluctuations in two media brings out the need for significant modifications of atmospheric techniques to be applicable to underwater imagery. Significantly stronger underwater image distortions resulting in large local shifts and warping of the image features require robust tracking using, for example optical flow estimation, even under relatively benign underwater conditions. Comparative performance of multi-frame nonlinear gain "lucky patch" algorithms with variable degree of optical flow technique sophistication is presented for underwater imagery collected in a laboratory tank and in a field exercise. Reliance of image restoration on accuracy of the optical flow algorithm is revealed and one approach to enhance restored image quality using confidence measures of optical flow estimation is proposed. C1 Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kanaev, AV (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9275-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8535 AR 85350N DI 10.1117/12.980433 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics GA BGG95 UT WOS:000322909200017 ER PT S AU Sprangle, P Penano, JR Markov, V Khizhnyak, A Ting, A Hafizi, B Davis, CC DeSandre, L AF Sprangle, P. Penano, J. R. Markov, V. Khizhnyak, A. Ting, A. Hafizi, B. Davis, C. C. DeSandre, L. BE Stein, K Gonglewski, J TI Nonlinear OPC Technique for Laser Beam Control in Turbulent Atmosphere SO OPTICS IN ATMOSPHERIC PROPAGATION AND ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS XV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optics in Atmospheric Propagation and Adaptive Systems XV CY SEP 25, 2012 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE, SELEX GALILEO, THALES DE laser beam control; optical phase conjugation; atmospheric propagation ID PHASE CONJUGATION; ACTIVE TRACKING; TARGET; PROPAGATION AB This paper discusses a novel type of beam director for effective laser beacon formation in deep turbulence conditions. The concept of the proposed beam director is based on an innovative approach employing a Brillouin enhanced four-wave mixing (BEFWM) mechanism for generating a tight (small spot size) laser beacon on a remote image-resolved target. The BEFWM technique enables both amplification and total (phase and amplitude) conjugation of the beacon-forming beam without the need for wavefront sensors, deformable mirrors or predictive feedback algorithms. Total conjugation is critical for beam control in the presence of strong turbulence, whereas conventional adaptive optics methods do not have this capability. The phase information retrieved from the beacon beam can be used in conjunction with an AO system to propagate laser beams in deep turbulence. C1 [Sprangle, P.; Penano, J. R.; Ting, A.] Naval Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Sprangle, P (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Plasma Phys Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9275-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8535 AR 85350F DI 10.1117/12.974256 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics GA BGG95 UT WOS:000322909200010 ER PT B AU DeGiorgi, VG AF DeGiorgi, Virginia G. GP ASME TI PATHWAYS INTO CORROSION RELATED NAVAL APPLICATIONS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME CONFERENCE ON SMART MATERIALS, ADAPTIVE STRUCTURES AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS (SMASIS 2011), VOL 1 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Annual Meeting of the ASME/AIAA Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems (SMASIS) CY SEP 18-21, 2011 CL Scottsdale, AZ SP ASME, AIAA ID PITTING CORROSION AB The cost of corrosion to the US military is huge. In 2006-2007 the US Navy spent $3.2 Billion on corrosion related maintenance on ships alone. Additional funds were expended maintaining US Navy aircraft, helicopters and land vehicles. The cost of corrosion must be controlled. It is apparent that extraordinary cost reductions are needed to bring the problem under control. In order to achieve such dramatic improvements changes from conventional methods of construction, inspection and monitoring are necessary. There are ample opportunities for active material technologies if the researcher understands the fundamental corrosion problem. In this paper the author outlines information on US Navy corrosion concerns including examples of recent request for information data calls. It is hoped that this paper will help researchers in the SMASIS community understand the needs associated with US naval corrosion. C1 Naval Res Lab, Code 6353, Syst Design & Integrat Sect, Washington, DC USA. RP DeGiorgi, VG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 6353, Syst Design & Integrat Sect, Washington, DC USA. EM Virginia.DeGiorgi@nrl.navy.mil NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5471-6 PY 2012 BP 695 EP 701 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BGA73 UT WOS:000322090400088 ER PT S AU Huhman, BM Neri, JM AF Huhman, B. M. Neri, J. M. BE Hegeler, F TI Design of a Compact, Battery-Powered Rep-Rate Charger for an 88-kJ Capacitor Bank for EML Applications SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL POWER MODULATOR AND HIGH VOLTAGE CONFERENCE SE IEEE International Power Modulator and High Voltage Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Power Modulator and High Voltage Conference (IPMHVC) CY JUN 03-07, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Dielectr & Elect Insulat Soc, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, IEEE Electron Devices Soc, Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Navy, Naval Res Lab, GE, INP Greifswald, L3 Appl Technologies, Pulse Sci, Lockheed Martin, Ness Engn Inc DE Electromagnetic launchers; rep-rate; batteries; LLC converter ID LLC RESONANT CONVERTER AB The Materials Testing Facility (MTF) at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) is developing a battery-powered, rep-rate charger for an 88-kJ capacitor bank. The goal is to charge a 7000-mu F capacitor to 5-kV in four seconds for a fifty shot burst. A bank of LiFePO4 batteries is used with a full H-bridge converter, a transformer, and a rectifier to transform the 500V battery voltage to a 5-kV secondary voltage. A key parameter is to minimize the converter weight and volume; therefore the switching frequency needs to be as high as possible to reduce the size of filter components and transformers. However, as the frequency increases, switching losses will begin to dominate and a practical limit will be reached before the device switching maximum is reached. In addition to the design of stable battery packs, most of the work has been focused on switch design and driver optimization, utilizing techniques such as resonate switching and active feedback control systems. This paper will present simulation data and results from experiments. C1 [Huhman, B. M.; Neri, J. M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC USA. RP Huhman, BM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC USA. EM brett.huhman@nrl.navy.mil NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2380-808X BN 978-1-4673-1225-7; 978-1-4673-1222-6 J9 IEEE INT POWER MODUL PY 2012 BP 88 EP 91 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BGB05 UT WOS:000322131200022 ER PT S AU Hegeler, F Myers, MC Wolford, MF Sethian, JD Fielding, AM AF Hegeler, Frank Myers, Matthew C. Wolford, Matthew F. Sethian, John D. Fielding, Andrew M. BE Hegeler, F TI Low Jitter, High Voltage, Repetitive Laser Triggered SF6 Gas Insulated Spark Gaps SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL POWER MODULATOR AND HIGH VOLTAGE CONFERENCE SE IEEE International Power Modulator and High Voltage Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Power Modulator and High Voltage Conference (IPMHVC) CY JUN 03-07, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Dielectr & Elect Insulat Soc, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, IEEE Electron Devices Soc, Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Navy, Naval Res Lab, GE, INP Greifswald, L3 Appl Technologies, Pulse Sci, Lockheed Martin, Ness Engn Inc DE Laser triggered gas switches; SF6; pulse power system ID FUSION ENERGY; PULSED-POWER; SWITCHES AB The Electra pulsed power system at the Naval Research Laboratory uses four laser triggered SF6 gas switches to transfer the stored pulse forming line energy to the load. Each switch has a hold-off voltage of more than 1 MV and transfers a charge of up to 10.5 mC per shot, with a switch current peak amplitude of 60 kA. The gas switches were originally constructed with hemispherical shaped electrodes. Continuous operations at repetition rates of up to 5 pulses per second showed increases in the switch jitter and switch misfire rates. A redesign with flat electrodes, which provide a more uniform electric field in the switch gap, showed a decrease in switch jitter. C1 [Myers, Matthew C.; Wolford, Matthew F.; Sethian, John D.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hegeler, F (reprint author), Commonwealth Technol Inc, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. OI Wolford, Matthew/0000-0002-8624-1336 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2380-808X BN 978-1-4673-1225-7; 978-1-4673-1222-6 J9 IEEE INT POWER MODUL PY 2012 BP 128 EP 131 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BGB05 UT WOS:000322131200031 ER PT S AU Allen, RJ Boyer, CN Huhman, BM Neri, JM Veracka, MJ AF Allen, Raymond J. Boyer, Craig N. Huhman, Brett M. Neri, Jesse M. Veracka, Michael J. BE Hegeler, F TI Progress Toward a Self-Contained Rapid Capacitor Charger for a Small Railgun in Burst Mode Operation at 3 RPS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL POWER MODULATOR AND HIGH VOLTAGE CONFERENCE SE IEEE International Power Modulator and High Voltage Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Power Modulator and High Voltage Conference (IPMHVC) CY JUN 03-07, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Dielectr & Elect Insulat Soc, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, IEEE Electron Devices Soc, Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Navy, Naval Res Lab, GE, INP Greifswald, L3 Appl Technologies, Pulse Sci, Lockheed Martin, Ness Engn Inc AB In previous work, one module of a battery powered rapid charger was created which was able to charge the capacitor bank of a low velocity railgun [1] to 2 kV at 1 Hz in burst mode [2][3]. A second module has recently been added to the system which has demonstrated how these modules can be combined in parallel to increase both the power and energy available. Also, some additions to the circuit have improved the robustness of the system. Further improvements to the railgun now allow us to reduce the required charge voltage to 1.8 kV although the capacitance of the bank will increase to keep the stored energy the same. The rapid charger has now demonstrated 2 RPS operation. Methods to further increase the charge rate are discussed. Research into alternative battery types reveals that our current drycell lead-acid batteries compare favorably to newer battery types. C1 [Allen, Raymond J.; Huhman, Brett M.; Neri, Jesse M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Allen, RJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2380-808X BN 978-1-4673-1225-7; 978-1-4673-1222-6 J9 IEEE INT POWER MODUL PY 2012 BP 218 EP 220 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BGB05 UT WOS:000322131200053 ER PT B AU Carr, MA Caton, PA Hamilton, LJ Cowart, JS Mehl, M Pitz, WJ AF Carr, Matthew A. Caton, Patrick A. Hamilton, Leonard J. Cowart, Jim S. Mehl, Marco Pitz, William J. GP ASME TI AN EXPERIMENTAL AND MODELING-BASED STUDY INTO THE IGNITION DELAY CHARACTERISTICS OF DIESEL SURROGATE BINARY BLEND FUELS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DIVISION FALL TECHNICAL CONFERENCE (ICEF) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference CY SEP 02-05, 2011 CL Morgantown, WV SP ASME, Internal Combust Engine Div ID HYDROCARBONS AB This study examines the combustion characteristics of a binary mixture surrogate for possible future diesel fuels using both a single-cylinder research engine and a homogeneous reactor model using detailed chemical reaction kinetics. Binary mixtures of a normal straight-chain alkane (pure n-hexadecane, also known as n-cetane, C16H34) and an alkyl aromatic (toluene, C7H8) were tested in a single-cylinder research engine. Pure n-hexadecane was tested as a baseline reference, followed by 50%, 70%, and 80% toluene in hexadecane blends. Testing was conducted at fixed engine speed and constant indicated load. As references, two conventional petroleum-based fuels (commercial diesel and US Navy JP-5 jet fuel) and five synthetic Fischer-Tropsch-based fuels were also tested. The ignition delay of the binary mixture surrogate increased with increasing toluene fraction and ranged from approximately 1.3 ms (pure hexadecane) to 3.0 ms (80% toluene in hexadecane). While ignition delay changed substantially, the location of 50% mass fraction burned did not change as significantly due to a simultaneous change in the premixed combustion fraction. Detailed chemical reaction rate modeling using a constant pressure, adiabatic, homogeneous reactor model predicts a chemical ignition delay with a similar trend to the experimental results, but shorter overall magnitude. The difference between this predicted homogeneous chemical ignition delay and the experimentally observed ignition delay is defined as the physical ignition delay due to processes such as spray formation, entrainment, mixing, and vaporization. On a relative basis, the addition of 70% toluene to hexadecane causes a nearly identical relative increase in both physical and chemical ignition delay of approximately 50%. The chemical kinetic model predicts that, even though the addition of toluene delays the global onset of ignition, the initial production of reactive precursors such as HO2 and H2O2 may be faster with toluene due to the weakly bound methyl group. However, this initial production is insufficient to lead to wide-scale chain branching and ignition. The model predicts that the straight-chain alkane component (hexadecane) ignites first, causing the aromatic component to be consumed shortly thereafter. Greater ignition delay observed with the high toluene fraction blends is due to consumption of OH radicals by toluene. Overall, the detailed kinetic model captures the experimentally observed trends well and may be able to provide insight as to the relationship between bulk properties and physical ignition delay. C1 [Carr, Matthew A.; Caton, Patrick A.; Hamilton, Leonard J.; Cowart, Jim S.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD USA. RP Carr, MA (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD USA. EM patcaton@usna.edu; cowart@usna.edu NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4442-7 PY 2012 BP 95 EP 108 PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BGA66 UT WOS:000322089700010 ER PT S AU Caban, JJ Rosebrock, A Yoo, TS AF Caban, Jesus J. Rosebrock, Adrian Yoo, Terry S. GP IEEE TI AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION OF PRESCRIPTION DRUGS USING SHAPE DISTRIBUTION MODELS SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING (ICIP 2012) SE IEEE International Conference on Image Processing ICIP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) CY SEP 30-OCT 03, 2012 CL Lake Buena Vista, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers (IEEE), IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE Feature extraction; Image classification; Image retrieval; Object Recognition; Image Processing AB Medication errors are one of the safety problems most frequently seen in hospital organizations. It is estimated that 12.2% of all hospitalized patients are involved in some form of adverse drug event (ADE) [1]. A significant amount of ADEs result from handing the incorrect drug to a patient or prescribing the wrong medication. This paper introduces a simple yet robust classification technique that can be used to automatically identify prescriptions drugs within images. The system uses a modified shape distribution technique to examine the shape, color, and imprint of a pill and create an invariant descriptor that can be used to recognize the same drug under different viewing conditions. The proposed technique has been successfully evaluated with 568 of the most prescribed drugs in the United States and has shown a 91.13% accuracy in automatically identifying the correct medication. C1 [Caban, Jesus J.] USN, Natl Intrepid Ctr Excellence NICoE, Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. RP Caban, JJ (reprint author), USN, Natl Intrepid Ctr Excellence NICoE, Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-4880 BN 978-1-4673-2533-2 J9 IEEE IMAGE PROC PY 2012 BP 1005 EP 1008 PG 4 WC Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BFE17 UT WOS:000319334901021 ER PT S AU Karpenko, M Bhatt, S Bedrossian, N Ross, IM AF Karpenko, M. Bhatt, S. Bedrossian, N. Ross, I. M. BE Schaub, H Gunter, BC Russell, RP Cerven, WT TI DESIGN AND FLIGHT IMPLEMENTATION OF OPERATIONALLY RELEVANT TIME-OPTIMAL SPACECRAFT MANEUVERS SO ASTRODYNAMICS 2011, PTS I - IV SE Advances in the Astronautical Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AAS/AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference CY JUL 31-AUG 04, 2011 CL AK SP AAS, AIAA ID FEEDBACK LINEARIZABLE SYSTEMS; PSEUDOSPECTRAL METHODS; RIGID SPACECRAFT; REORIENTATION AB This paper presents the flight implementation of an operationally relevant time-optimal maneuver experiment on the TRACE spacecraft. The objective is to demonstrate time-optimal maneuvering capabilities within the context of a typical operational scenario, such as scientific data collection, in which a spacecraft is required slew to various orientations in succession. The time-optimal maneuvers are designed by constructing an appropriate optimal control problem formulation based on a detailed model of the reaction wheel spacecraft dynamics. The high-dimensional optimization model includes practical constraints on the spacecraft performance including the nonlinear reaction wheel torque-momentum envelope and is solved using the Legendre pseudospectral method. The flight results demonstrate that time-optimal maneuvers can be designed and predictably executed within the specified limits. Moreover, the results of the flight experiment show clearly that the application of Legendre pseudospectral method for time-optimal maneuver design can extend the capabilities of the spacecraft over a wide envelope without the need to reconfigure or otherwise modify the existing spacecraft attitude control system. C1 [Karpenko, M.; Ross, I. M.] USN, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Karpenko, M (reprint author), USN, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIVELT INC PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 28130, SAN DIEGO, CA 92128 USA SN 1081-6003 BN 978-0-87703-577-0 J9 ADV ASTRONAUT SCI PY 2012 VL 142 BP 2875 EP 2891 PG 17 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BFY99 UT WOS:000321933401047 ER PT S AU Ciarcia, M Romano, M AF Ciarcia, Marco Romano, Marcello BE Schaub, H Gunter, BC Russell, RP Cerven, WT TI SPACECRAFT PROXIMITY MANEUVER GUIDANCE BASED ON INVERSE DYNAMIC AND SEQUENTIAL GRADIENT-RESTORATION ALGORITHM SO ASTRODYNAMICS 2011, PTS I - IV SE Advances in the Astronautical Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AAS/AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference CY JUL 31-AUG 04, 2011 CL AK SP AAS, AIAA ID OPTIMIZATION; TRAJECTORIES AB In this work the inverse dynamic in the virtual domain technique is coupled with the sequential gradient-restoration algorithm to generate, in real-time, suboptimal trajectories for close proximity maneuvers between a chaser and a moving non-cooperative target. The inverse dynamic in the virtual domain technique allow a simple analytical description of the prototype trajectory, on the other hand, the fast convergence performances of the sequential gradient-restoration algorithm guarantee a quick computation of the near-optimal solution trajectory. This method is implemented to an in-plane case in which a chaser spacecraft docks with a target spacecraft that is independently rotating. Both minimum fuel and minimum energy optimization criteria are considered. Exhaustive sets of simulations have proven the suitability of the presented approach. C1 [Ciarcia, Marco; Romano, Marcello] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Ciarcia, M (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, 700 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIVELT INC PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 28130, SAN DIEGO, CA 92128 USA SN 1081-6003 BN 978-0-87703-577-0 J9 ADV ASTRONAUT SCI PY 2012 VL 142 BP 3679 EP 3697 PG 19 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BFY99 UT WOS:000321933401094 ER PT S AU Branstetter, BK Trickey, JS Finneran, JJ AF Branstetter, Brian K. Trickey, Jennifer S. Finneran, James J. BE Popper, AN Hawkins, A TI On the Relationship Between Environmental Noise, Critical Ratios, and Comodulation Masking Release in the Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) SO EFFECTS OF NOISE ON AQUATIC LIFE SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article ID DELPHINAPTERUS-LEUCAS; CRITICAL BANDWIDTH C1 [Branstetter, Brian K.] Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Trickey, Jennifer S.] G2 Software Syst Inc, San Diego, CA 92110 USA. [Finneran, James J.] US Navy Marine Mammal Program, Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr Pacific, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Branstetter, BK (reprint author), Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM brian.branstetter@nmmpfoundation.org; trickey@g2ss.com; james.finneran@navy.mil OI Trickey, Jennifer/0000-0002-6080-8744 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0065-2598 BN 978-1-4419-7310-8 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2012 VL 730 BP 29 EP 31 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7311-5_5 PG 3 WC Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine GA BFV95 UT WOS:000321592700005 PM 22278442 ER PT S AU Schlundt, CE Finneran, JJ AF Schlundt, Carolyn E. Finneran, James J. BE Popper, AN Hawkins, A TI Direct Measurements of Subjective Loudness in a Bottlenose Dolphin SO EFFECTS OF NOISE ON AQUATIC LIFE SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article ID TEMPORARY THRESHOLD SHIFT; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; HEARING THRESHOLDS; REACTION-TIME; TONES C1 [Schlundt, Carolyn E.] ITT Corp, San Diego, CA 92154 USA. [Finneran, James J.] US Navy Marine Mammal Program, Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr Pacific, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Schlundt, CE (reprint author), ITT Corp, San Diego, CA 92154 USA. EM carolyn.melka@itt.com; james.finneran@navy.mil NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0065-2598 BN 978-1-4419-7310-8 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2012 VL 730 BP 33 EP 36 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7311-5_6 PG 4 WC Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine GA BFV95 UT WOS:000321592700006 PM 22278443 ER PT S AU Mulsow, J Reichmuth, C Houser, D Finneran, JJ AF Mulsow, Jason Reichmuth, Colleen Houser, Dorian Finneran, James J. BE Popper, AN Hawkins, A TI Auditory Evoked Potential Measurement of Hearing Sensitivity in Pinnipeds SO EFFECTS OF NOISE ON AQUATIC LIFE SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article C1 [Mulsow, Jason; Finneran, James J.] US Navy Marine Mammal Program, Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr Pacific, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Reichmuth, Colleen] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Long Marine Lab, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Houser, Dorian] Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Mulsow, J (reprint author), US Navy Marine Mammal Program, Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr Pacific, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM jason.mulsow@gmail.com; coll@ucsc.edu; dorian.houser@nmmfoundation.org; james.finneran@navy.mil NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0065-2598 BN 978-1-4419-7310-8 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2012 VL 730 BP 73 EP 76 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7311-5_16 PG 4 WC Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine GA BFV95 UT WOS:000321592700016 PM 22278453 ER PT S AU Finneran, JJ AF Finneran, James J. BE Popper, AN Hawkins, A TI Auditory Effects of Underwater Noise in Odontocetes SO EFFECTS OF NOISE ON AQUATIC LIFE SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article ID DOLPHIN TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; TEMPORARY THRESHOLD SHIFT; INDUCED HEARING-LOSS; BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; RECOVERY; MODELS; TONES C1 Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr Pacific, US Navy Marine Mammal Program, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Finneran, JJ (reprint author), Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr Pacific, US Navy Marine Mammal Program, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM james.finneran@navy.mil NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0065-2598 BN 978-1-4419-7310-8 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2012 VL 730 BP 197 EP 202 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7311-5_44 PG 6 WC Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine GA BFV95 UT WOS:000321592700044 PM 22278481 ER PT S AU Houser, D Yeates, L Crocker, D Martin, SW Finneran, JJ AF Houser, Dorian Yeates, Laura Crocker, Daniel Martin, Stephen W. Finneran, James J. BE Popper, AN Hawkins, A TI Controlled Exposure Study of Dolphins and Sea Lions to Midfrequency Sonarlike Signals SO EFFECTS OF NOISE ON AQUATIC LIFE SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article ID BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; TEMPORARY THRESHOLD SHIFT; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; WHALES; TONES C1 [Houser, Dorian; Yeates, Laura] Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Crocker, Daniel] Sonoma State Univ, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Martin, Stephen W.; Finneran, James J.] US Navy Marine Mammal Program, Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr Pacific, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Houser, D (reprint author), Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM dorian.houser@nmmfoundation.org; laura.yeates@nmmfoundation.org; crocker@sonoma.edu; stephen.w.martin@navy.mil; james.finneran@navy.mil NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0065-2598 BN 978-1-4419-7310-8 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2012 VL 730 BP 269 EP 272 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7311-5_59 PG 4 WC Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine GA BFV95 UT WOS:000321592700059 PM 22278496 ER PT S AU Gisiner, R Frisk, G AF Gisiner, Robert Frisk, George BE Popper, AN Hawkins, A TI Workshop Two: Long-Term and Cumulative Effects of Acoustic Exposure Along With Other Stressors SO EFFECTS OF NOISE ON AQUATIC LIFE SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article C1 [Gisiner, Robert] Naval Postgrad Sch, Naval Operat Energy Installat & Environm Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Gisiner, Robert] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Frisk, George] Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Ocean & Mech Engn, Dania, FL 33004 USA. RP Gisiner, R (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Naval Operat Energy Installat & Environm Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM bob.gisiner@navy.mil; gfrisk@.seatech.fau.edu NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0065-2598 BN 978-1-4419-7310-8 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2012 VL 730 BP 661 EP 664 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7311-5_150 PG 4 WC Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine GA BFV95 UT WOS:000321592700150 PM 22278587 ER PT B AU Hamilton, LJ Williams, SA Kamin, RA Carr, MA Caton, PA Cowart, JS AF Hamilton, Leonard J. Williams, Sherry A. Kamin, Richard A. Carr, Matthew A. Caton, Patrick A. Cowart, Jim S. GP ASME TI RENEWABLE FUEL PERFORMANCE IN A LEGACY MILITARY DIESEL ENGINE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY SUSTAINABILITY 2011, PTS A-C LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability CY AUG 07-10, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP ASME, Adv Energy Syst Div, ASME, Solar Energy Div AB A new Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) from the camelina plant has been processed into a Hydrotreated Renewable Jet (HRJ) fuel. This HRJ fuel was tested in an extensively instrumented legacy military diesel engine along with conventional Navy jet fuel JP-5. Both fuels performed well across the speed-load range of this HMMWV engine. The high cetane value of the HRJ leads to modestly shorter ignition delay. The longer ignition delay of JP-5 delivers shorter overall combustion durations, with associated higher indicated engine torque levels. Both brake torque and brake fuel consumption are better with conventional JP-5 by up to ten percent, due to more ideal combustion characteristics. C1 [Hamilton, Leonard J.; Carr, Matthew A.; Caton, Patrick A.; Cowart, Jim S.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD USA. RP Hamilton, LJ (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5468-6 PY 2012 BP 1095 EP 1107 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BFR72 UT WOS:000321076700129 ER PT S AU Danilov, C Henderson, TR Goff, T Brewer, O Kim, JH Macker, J Adamson, B AF Danilov, Claudiu Henderson, Thomas R. Goff, Thomas Brewer, Orlie Kim, Jae H. Macker, Joseph Adamson, Brian GP IEEE TI Adaptive Routing for Tactical Communications SO 2012 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (MILCOM 2012) SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY OCT 29-NOV 01, 2012 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE, AFCEA Int, IEEE Commun Soc DE MANET; Wireless; Routing AB We present a new approach to performing adaptive, loop-free, destination-based unicast forwarding in an IP-based network. The approach is an integration of several well-known techniques, including broadcast-based flooding, on-demand route discovery, and link state routing. In this approach, routers are not universally in one routing mode, such as a 'link-state', for all destinations but instead apply different forwarding strategies depending on the current route availability and quality on a perdestination basis. Furthermore, this approach extends well to traffic prioritized networks, since different forwarding mechanisms can be employed based on the priority of the flow. It also does not require tight coordination between routers on the routing mode being applied for a given destination. This allows parts of the topology to adapt to the local environment as it changes. In this paper we introduce the Adaptive Routing mechanism, evaluate its performance in a thirty-node mobile networking scenario, and discuss its applicability to tactical communications. C1 [Danilov, Claudiu; Henderson, Thomas R.; Goff, Thomas; Brewer, Orlie; Kim, Jae H.] Boeing Res & Technol, POB 3707,MC 7L-49, Seattle, WA 98124 USA. [Macker, Joseph; Adamson, Brian] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Danilov, C (reprint author), Boeing Res & Technol, POB 3707,MC 7L-49, Seattle, WA 98124 USA. FU Office of Naval Research [N00173-09-C-4012] FX This work was supported by Office of Naval Research contract N00173-09-C-4012. The authors would like to thank Dr. Santanu Das and Mr. John Moniz (ONR Program Managers) for their support, as well as Dr Richard Edell for his guidance into the applicability of the protocols, and David Claypool for designing the benchmark scenario. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4673-1729-0; 978-1-4673-1730-6 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2012 PG 7 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BEY60 UT WOS:000318702900265 ER PT S AU Danilov, C Henderson, TR Brewer, O Kim, JH Macker, J Adamson, B AF Danilov, Claudiu Henderson, Thomas R. Brewer, Orlie Kim, Jae H. Macker, Joseph Adamson, Brian GP IEEE TI Elastic Multicast for Tactical Communications SO 2012 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (MILCOM 2012) SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY OCT 29-NOV 01, 2012 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE, AFCEA Int, IEEE Commun Soc DE Group Multicast; MANET; Routing AB This paper presents a multicast routing mechanism supporting the classical IP multicast service model that can dynamically use redundant forwarding in the parts of the network affected by a high rate of topology changes, while converging to regular multicast distribution trees where or when the network becomes relatively stable. The rationale is that intermittent connectivity directly affects the ability of routers to synchronize on their view of the network, thus making it difficult to converge on efficient distribution trees, while network wide broadcast may be prohibitively expensive for relatively sparse groups. We describe a hybrid approach, called Elastic Multicast, which dynamically expands to limited scope broadcast when needed, and converges single path forwarding if the network is stable, through independent routing decisions made at each node. C1 [Danilov, Claudiu; Henderson, Thomas R.; Brewer, Orlie; Kim, Jae H.] Boeing Res & Technol, POB 3707,MC 7L-49, Seattle, WA 98124 USA. [Macker, Joseph; Adamson, Brian] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Danilov, C (reprint author), Boeing Res & Technol, POB 3707,MC 7L-49, Seattle, WA 98124 USA. FU Office of Naval Research [N00173-09-C-4012] FX This work was supported by Office of Naval Research contract N00173-09-C-4012. The authors would like to thank Dr. Santanu Das and Mr. John Moniz (ONR Program Managers) for their support, as well as Dr Richard Edell for his guidance into the applicability of the protocols, and David Claypool for designing the benchmark scenario. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4673-1729-0; 978-1-4673-1730-6 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2012 PG 6 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BEY60 UT WOS:000318702900264 ER PT S AU Islam, MN Balasubramanian, S Mandayam, NB Seskar, I Kompella, S AF Islam, Muhammad Nazmul Balasubramanian, Shantharam Mandayam, Narayan B. Seskar, Ivan Kompella, Sastry GP IEEE TI Implementation of Distributed Time Exchange Based Cooperative Forwarding SO 2012 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (MILCOM 2012) SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY OCT 29-NOV 01, 2012 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE, AFCEA Int, IEEE Commun Soc DE Resource Delegation; Cooperative Forwarding; Global Control Plane; Testbed Implementation; GNUradio ID NETWORKS AB In this paper, we design and implement time exchange (TE) based cooperative forwarding where nodes use transmission time slots as incentives for relaying. We focus on distributed joint time slot exchange and relay selection in the sum goodput maximization of the overall network. We formulate the design objective as a mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem and provide a polynomial time distributed solution of the MINLP. We implement the designed algorithm in the software defined radio enabled USRP nodes of the ORBIT indoor wireless testbed. The ORBIT grid is used as a global control plane for exchange of control information between the USRP nodes. Experimental results suggest that TE can significantly increase the sum goodput of the network. We also demonstrate the performance of a goodput optimization algorithm that is proportionally fair. C1 [Islam, Muhammad Nazmul; Balasubramanian, Shantharam; Mandayam, Narayan B.; Seskar, Ivan] Rutgers State Univ, Wireless Informat & Networking Lab, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. [Kompella, Sastry] Naval Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC USA. RP Islam, MN (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Wireless Informat & Networking Lab, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. EM mnislam@winlab.rutgers.edu; shantharampsg@gmail.com; narayan@winlab.rutgers.edu; seskar@winlab.rutgers.edu; sk@ieee.org FU Office of Naval Research [N00014- 11- 1- 0132] FX This work is supported by the Office of Naval Research under grant N00014- 11- 1- 0132. We thank Kush Patel, Sid Paradkar and Hakim Ergaibi for their assistance in GNUradio coding and testbed implementation. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4673-1729-0; 978-1-4673-1730-6 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2012 PG 6 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BEY60 UT WOS:000318702900182 ER PT S AU Kam, C Kompella, S Nguyen, GD Wieselthier, JE Ephremides, A AF Kam, Clement Kompella, Sastry Nguyen, Gam D. Wieselthier, Jeffrey E. Ephremides, Anthony GP IEEE TI Wireless Multicast with Cooperative Relaying SO 2012 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (MILCOM 2012) SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY OCT 29-NOV 01, 2012 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE, AFCEA Int, IEEE Commun Soc ID MULTIPACKET RECEPTION; THROUGHPUT ANALYSIS; STABLE THROUGHPUT; PROTOCOL DESIGN; SLOTTED ALOHA; STABILITY; ACCESS; CAPABILITY AB In this work, we model a random access multicast network with cooperative relaying and analyze its throughput. The network consists of two source nodes and two destination nodes, where both source nodes generate data that needs to be transmitted to both destination nodes. We study the possibility that one of the sources can also act as a cooperative relay by transmitting some of the packets originating at the other source node. It is assumed that the destination nodes are equipped with multiuser detectors, and hence are capable of successfully decoding transmissions from multiple source nodes simultaneously (multipacket reception). We derive the achievable service rates for packets originating at each node in a system with cooperative relaying, and thereby compute the overall throughput region. Further analysis of the system (stability region) is reserved for future work. C1 [Kam, Clement; Kompella, Sastry; Nguyen, Gam D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wieselthier, Jeffrey E.] Wieselthier Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Ephremides, Anthony] Univ Maryland, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, College Pk, MD USA. RP Kam, C (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4673-1729-0; 978-1-4673-1730-6 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2012 PG 6 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BEY60 UT WOS:000318702900115 ER PT S AU Liu, ZQ Yang, TC AF Liu, Zhiqiang Yang, T. C. GP IEEE TI Time Reversal Multicarrier Communications over Long Multipath Fading Channels SO 2012 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (MILCOM 2012) SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY OCT 29-NOV 01, 2012 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE, AFCEA Int, IEEE Commun Soc AB Time-reversed orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (TR-OFDM) has recently received attention as a promising scheme for supporting single-input multiple-output (SIMO) communications over time-dispersive fading channels In TR-OFDM, the time reversal processing cleverly converts multiple time-dispersive fading channels associated with SIMO-OFDM into a single channel with generally smaller time dispersion and less fading. As a result, a moderate cyclic-prefix (CP) length can be used without inducing much inter-block interference (IBI) even when the original channels are long. This paper tackles a technical challenge critical to the success of TR-OFDM, that is, how to minimize the CP length while satisfying certain performance requirements. Based on a data model derived for TR-OFDM, a quantitative relationship between the CP length and error performance is first established and a design procedure is then proposed. Our design reveals that the optimal CP length depends on the power delay profiles of underlying channels. Both theoretical analysis and numerical simulations confirm the merits of our design. C1 [Liu, Zhiqiang; Yang, T. C.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Liu, ZQ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4673-1729-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2012 PG 6 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BEY60 UT WOS:000318702900001 ER PT S AU Macker, JP Claypool, DJ AF Macker, Joseph P. Claypool, David J. GP IEEE TI Dynamic Communities in Evolving Network Graphs SO 2012 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (MILCOM 2012) SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY OCT 29-NOV 01, 2012 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE, AFCEA Int, IEEE Commun Soc AB This work presents applied research using spectral graph partitioning to examine potential community structures in evolving graphs. In our early experiments, evolving graphs represent time varying models of mobile wireless communication networks but they could also represent more abstract architectural representations such as middleware topologies or social network dynamics. While in its technical infancy, mobile network community analysis is an important capability in network planning, management, and adaptation strategies. We first present some discussion and technical background required to describe the analytical components and dynamic network modeling techniques. A set of mobile network scenarios are then described and applied to demonstrate the use of the dynamic spectral partitionign methods. We also develop and present a potential aid to dynamically establish partition set size and introduce a heuristic metric for partitioning quality. Our dynamic network experiments are represented by a series of evolving weighted graphs with dynamic attribute data that we plan to use in future work to represent network neighbor quality effects or other metrics as deemed appropriate to the scenario. We conclude by reviewing results and discussing future work. C1 [Macker, Joseph P.; Claypool, David J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Macker, JP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joseph.macker@nrl.navy.mil; david.claypool@nrl.navy.mil NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4673-1729-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2012 PG 6 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BEY60 UT WOS:000318702900055 ER PT S AU Macker, JP Adamson, B Claypool, DJ AF Macker, Joseph P. Adamson, Brian Claypool, David J. GP IEEE TI Temporal Stability for Dynamic Network Relay Sets SO 2012 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (MILCOM 2012) SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY OCT 29-NOV 01, 2012 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE, AFCEA Int, IEEE Commun Soc AB Distributed relay set election instability within mobile networks can cause backbone topology changes that affect the performance of both unicast and multicast data routing algorithms. We discuss stability improvements to such relay set election by adding a "resistance to change" weighting factor to help reduce change in election results. In particular, we examine a proposed extension to the Essential Connected Dominating Set (ECDS) algorithm that has been specified for use by both present mobile ad hoc network unicast and multicast protocols. We demonstrate temporal stability improvements in the ECDS relay set membership that can be achieved with a simple modification to the election algorithm. Our results are particularly important when dealing with frequently changing election metrics represented in the priority field such as density or link quality as a weight metric. By using several mobile models of networks undergoing link quality fluctuations we demonstrate significant improvements in stability of the backbone set. Our results also indicate that we can maintain good stability results while maintaining a small relay set membership size as compared to the unmodified algorithm. C1 [Macker, Joseph P.; Adamson, Brian; Claypool, David J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Macker, JP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joseph.macker@nrl.navy.mil; brian.adamson@nrl.navy.mil; david.claypool@nrl.navy.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4673-1729-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2012 PG 6 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BEY60 UT WOS:000318702900056 ER PT S AU Robertson, A Molnar, J AF Robertson, Andrew Molnar, Joseph GP IEEE TI The False Positive Congestion Problem and Probabilistic Spectrum Sensing SO 2012 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (MILCOM 2012) SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY OCT 29-NOV 01, 2012 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE, AFCEA Int, IEEE Commun Soc DE spectrum sensing; dynamic spectrum access; clustering; cognitive radio ID DETECTOR; SIZE AB We assess the problem of band congestion due to spectrum sensing false positives combined with a guard-band policy. We calculate the size distribution of spectral white spaces to find that large fractions of a band can be wasted even for small probabilities of false positives in single bins. To ameliorate this problem, we propose an algorithm consisting of random bin sampling followed by density clustering. The clustering algorithm yields a dramatic enhancement of the false positive rejection rate due to large differences between the densities of true and false detections. Simultaneously, a reduction in sensing time is possible due to the fact that the number of randomly sampled bins need only be a small fraction of the total number of bins. We explain the theory behind this method, compare to simulation, and derive heuristic guidelines for its implementation. C1 [Robertson, Andrew; Molnar, Joseph] USN, Res Lab, Networks & Commun Syst Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Robertson, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Networks & Commun Syst Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4673-1729-0; 978-1-4673-1730-6 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2012 PG 6 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BEY60 UT WOS:000318702900229 ER PT S AU Rohrer, JP Pathapati, KS Nguyen, TAN Sterbenz, JPG AF Rohrer, Justin P. Pathapati, Kamakshi Sirisha Nguyen, Truc Anh N. Sterbenz, James P. G. GP IEEE TI Opportunistic Transport for Disrupted Airborne Networks SO 2012 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (MILCOM 2012) SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY OCT 29-NOV 01, 2012 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE, AFCEA Int, IEEE Commun Soc AB Due to the challenging network conditions posed by a highly-dynamic airborne telemetry environment, it is essential for the transport protocol to provide automated mechanisms that dynamically adapt to changing end-to-end performance on any path. The AeroTP multi-mode transport protocol provides service tailored to the requirements of the telemetry mission control and data packets, achieving better performance compared to the traditional TCP and UDP. We use ns-3 to simulate the AeroTP protocol's reliable and quasi-reliable modes and demonstrate the performance tradeoffs between the modes, as well as comparing their performance with TCP and UDP. C1 [Rohrer, Justin P.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Grad Sch Operat & Informat Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Pathapati, Kamakshi Sirisha; Nguyen, Truc Anh N.; Sterbenz, James P. G.] Univ Kansas, Informat & Telecommun Technol Ctr, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. RP Rohrer, JP (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Grad Sch Operat & Informat Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jprohrer@nps.edu; kamipks@ittc.ku.edu; annguyen@ittc.ku.edu; jpgs@ittc.ku.edu FU Test Resource Management Center ( TRMC) Testt and Evaluation/ Science and Technology; T& E/ S& T Program through the Army PEO STRI Contracting Office for AeroNP and AeroTP [W900KK- 09C- 0019]; International Foundation for Telemetering ( IFT) FX The authors would like to thank the Test Resource Management Center ( TRMC) Test and Evaluation/ Science and Technology ( T& E/ S& T) Program for their support. This work was funded in part by the T& E/ S& T Program through the Army PEO STRI Contracting Office, contract number W900KK- 09C- 0019 for AeroNP and AeroTP: Aeronautical Network and Transport Protocols for iNET ( ANTP). The Executing Agent and Program Manager work out of the AFFTC. This work was also funded in part by the International Foundation for Telemetering ( IFT). We would like to thank Kip Temple and the membership of the iNET working group for discussions that led to this work. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4673-1729-0; 978-1-4673-1730-6 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2012 PG 9 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BEY60 UT WOS:000318702900020 ER PT S AU Rosenfeld, AM Lass, RN Ingram, DS Regli, WC Macker, JP AF Rosenfeld, Aaron M. Lass, Robert N. Ingram, Dustin S. Regli, William C. Macker, Joseph P. GP IEEE TI A Comparison of Group-based Data Persistence Techniques in MANETs SO 2012 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (MILCOM 2012) SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY OCT 29-NOV 01, 2012 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE, AFCEA Int, IEEE Commun Soc AB Maintaining a consistent set of state information across applications in tactical edge, mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) is a challenging, yet mission-critical task. This paper analyzes the performance and effectiveness of eight approaches to data persistence with three different persistence requirements. This is done by introducing COPE, a middleware framework for reliable data delivery that allows different protocols to be configured at runtime. Our empirical results provide a roadmap for selecting the best protocol for a given scenario. C1 [Rosenfeld, Aaron M.; Lass, Robert N.; Ingram, Dustin S.; Regli, William C.] Drexel Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Macker, Joseph P.] Div Informat Technol, Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Rosenfeld, AM (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM ar374@cs.drexel.edu; urlass@cs.drexel.edu; dustin@cs.drexel.edu; regli@cs.drexel.edu; joseph.macker@nrl.navy.mil NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4673-1729-0; 978-1-4673-1730-6 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2012 PG 6 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BEY60 UT WOS:000318702900037 ER PT S AU Shahan, P Heide, DA Cohen, AE AF Shahan, Patrick Heide, David A. Cohen, Aaron E. GP IEEE TI COMPARISON OF TSVCIS VOICE AT 8000 AND 12000 BPS VERSUS CVSD AT 16000 BPS SO 2012 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (MILCOM 2012) SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY OCT 29-NOV 01, 2012 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE, AFCEA Int, IEEE Commun Soc AB In this paper a novel technique for implementing heavily bit error protected 8 and 12 kilobits per second (kbps) voice coder (vocoder) based on a 2.4 kbps vocoder specified in Tactical Secure Voice Cryptographic Interoperability Specification (TSVCIS) is compared to the current 16 kbps Continuously Variable Slope Delta Modulation (CVSD) used in several legacy military radios and the Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System (SINCGARS). TSVCIS voice significantly outscored CVSD in terms of quality, using the Mean Opinion Score (MOS) and Diagnostic Acceptability Measure (DAM), and intelligibility, from the Diagnostic Rhyme Test (DRT). These tests show that TSVCIS voice delivers significantly higher quality and intelligibility than CVSD when transmitted over noisy communication channels. C1 [Shahan, Patrick; Heide, David A.; Cohen, Aaron E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington Dc, DC 20375 USA. RP Shahan, P (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5555,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington Dc, DC 20375 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4673-1729-0 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2012 PG 4 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BEY60 UT WOS:000318702900005 ER PT S AU Wu, ZQ Yang, TC Liu, ZQ Chakarvarthy, V AF Wu, Zhiqiang Yang, T. C. Liu, Zhiqiang Chakarvarthy, Vasu GP IEEE TI Modulation Detection of Underwater Acoustic Communication Signals Through Cyclostationary Analysis SO 2012 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (MILCOM 2012) SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM) CY OCT 29-NOV 01, 2012 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE, AFCEA Int, IEEE Commun Soc ID SEQUENCE SPREAD-SPECTRUM AB Modulation detection is important to many military communication and electronic warfare applications. Cyclostationary analysis has been proven to be an effective means to detect and identify modulation types of RF signals. It is highly desired to apply cyclostationary analysis to underwater acoustic communication signals to conduct modulation detection. However, due to the complex environment encountered by underwater acoustic communication, the cyclostationary features of such signals are significantly different from those of their RF counterparts. In this paper, we analyze the applicability of cyclotationay analysis in underwater acoustic communication signals for modulation detection purpose. Due to the severe and varying Doppler shift and phase noise, the cyclostationary features of underwater acoustic communication signals require very high resolution. Employing previously developed low-complexity short-term dynamic resolution cyclostationary analysis algorithm, we first obtain a meaningful spectrum correlation function (SCF) feature with sufficient resolution in the cyclic frequency range of interest. We then extract a simple parameter, namely the cyclic frequency/frequency peak ratio (CFFPR), to identify the modulation schemes of the signals. This feature proves to be statistically significant and stable in distinguishing BPSK modulation and QPSK modulation. Real experimental data collected at sea are used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. C1 [Wu, Zhiqiang] Wright State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Yang, T. C.] Sun Yet Sen Univ, Appl Marine Phys & Undersea Tech, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Liu, Zhiqiang] Naval Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Chakarvarthy, Vasu] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wu, ZQ (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. FU Office of Naval Research; Air Force Research Laboratory FX This work is supported by the Office of Naval Research and the Air Force Research Laboratory. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4673-1729-0; 978-1-4673-1730-6 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2012 PG 6 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BEY60 UT WOS:000318702900272 ER PT J AU Nardon, L Aten, K AF Nardon, Luciara Aten, Kathryn TI Valuing Virtual Worlds: The Role of Categorization in Technology Assessment SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Virtual Worlds; Virtual Collaboration; Virtual Work; Technology Acceptance; Technology Adoption; Categorization; Cognition ID INFORMATION-TECHNOLOGY; USER ACCEPTANCE; PERCEIVED EASE; MODEL; KNOWLEDGE; PRODUCTS; ANALOGY; FUTURE; FRAMES AB Virtual worlds offer great potential for supporting the collaborative work of geographically distributed teams. However, reports indicate the existence of substantial barriers to the acceptance and use of virtual worlds in business settings. In this paper, we explore how individuals' interpretations of virtual worlds influence their judgments of the value of the technology. We conducted a qualitative analysis set in the context of a large computer and software company that was in the process of adopting virtual worlds for distributed collaboration. We identified interpretations of virtual worlds that suggest three mental categories: virtual worlds as a medium, virtual worlds as a place, and virtual worlds as an extension of reality. We associated these mental categories with different criteria for assessing the value of virtual worlds in a business setting. This study contributes particularly to the acceptance of virtual worlds but also more generally to the understanding of technology acceptance by demonstrating that the relative importance of the criteria for assessing a technology varies with potential users' interpretations and mental categorizations. C1 [Nardon, Luciara] Carleton Univ, Sprott Sch Business, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Aten, Kathryn] Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA USA. RP Nardon, L (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Sprott Sch Business, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. EM Luciara_nardon@carleton.ca; kjaten@nps.edu OI Nardon, Luciara/0000-0001-8935-198X NR 69 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 20 PU ASSOC INFORMATION SYSTEMS PI ATLANTA PA GEORGIA STATE UNIV, 35 BROAD STREET, STE 916-917, ATLANTA, GA 30303 USA SN 1536-9323 J9 J ASSOC INF SYST JI J. Assoc. Inf. Syst. PY 2012 VL 13 IS 10 SI SI BP 772 EP 796 PG 25 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA 183LH UT WOS:000321815700004 ER PT J AU Gray, R Tummala, M McEachen, J Scrofani, J Garren, D AF Gray, Ryan Tummala, Murali McEachen, John Scrofani, James Garren, David BE Wysocki, BJ Wysocki, TA TI Identification and Classification of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access Signals SO 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SIGNAL PROCESSING AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (ICSPCS'2012) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS) CY DEC 12-14, 2012 CL Gold Coast, AUSTRALIA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Univ Nebraska, Peter Kiewit Inst DE Cyclostationary Feature Extraction; IEEE 802.16e; OFDMA; Signal Classification; WiMAX ID SYSTEMS AB This paper proposes a scheme for identification and classification of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) signals. Specifically, the cyclostationary pilot signature of an IEEE 802.16e standard compliant waveform is investigated. The proposed scheme performs waveform identification through a preamble cross-correlation technique. Classification is achieved through the use of a pilot cross-correlation technique in combination with cyclostationary feature extraction in order to determine the cyclic prefix of the IEEE 802.16e waveform. Similar methods are then used for determining other OFDMA waveform parameters, such as the FFT size, Segment number and IDcell. MATLAB simulation results validate the preamble cross-correlation and pilot cross-correlation techniques as effective methods of signal identification and classification, respectively. C1 [Gray, Ryan; Tummala, Murali; McEachen, John; Scrofani, James; Garren, David] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Gray, R (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM rmgray@nps.edu; mtummala@nps.edu; mceachen@nps.edu; jwscrofa@nps.edu; dagarren@nps.edu NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-2393-2 PY 2012 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BFJ63 UT WOS:000320132400030 ER PT J AU Henderson, J Tummala, M McEachen, J Scrofani, J AF Henderson, Jason Tummala, Murali McEachen, John Scrofani, James BE Wysocki, BJ Wysocki, TA TI Scheme for Enhanced Tracking of Mobile Subscribers in a WiMAX Network SO 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SIGNAL PROCESSING AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (ICSPCS'2012) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS) CY DEC 12-14, 2012 CL Gold Coast, AUSTRALIA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Univ Nebraska, Peter Kiewit Inst DE Geolocation; WiMAX; IEEE 802.16; Timing Adjust; hidden Markov model; tracking AB In this paper, the base station identification and timing adjust measurements are used to geolocate mobile subscribers in a WiMAX network. The uplink and downlink subframes of the physical layer and management messages of the medium access control layer are examined to extract the necessary data for geolocation. Using a hidden Markov model [1] based algorithm to estimate the track of the mobile subscriber, we demonstrate that the position error can be further reduced by incorporating timing adjust measurements. Simulation results of the proposed scheme are included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the combined use of base station ID and timing adjust measurements. C1 [Henderson, Jason; Tummala, Murali; McEachen, John; Scrofani, James] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Henderson, J (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-2393-2 PY 2012 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BFJ63 UT WOS:000320132400020 ER PT B AU Inglis, RPS Brenner, RP Puzo, EL Walker, TO Anderson, CR Thomas, RW Martin, RK AF Inglis, Robert Paul S. Brenner, Ryan P. Puzo, Erin L. Walker, T. Owens, III Anderson, Christopher R. Thomas, Ryan W. Martin, Richard K. BE Wysocki, BJ Wysocki, TA TI A Secure Wireless Network for Roadside Surveillance using Radio Tomographic Imaging SO 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SIGNAL PROCESSING AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (ICSPCS'2012) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS) CY DEC 12-14, 2012 CL Gold Coast, AUSTRALIA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc (ComSoc), Univ Nebraska, Peter Kiewit Inst DE wireless sensor network (WSN); wireless security; radio tomographic imaging (RTI); network tomography; jamming mitigation; node authentication; transmission encryption AB This paper proposes and demonstrates the novel application of a secure wireless sensor network for roadside surveillance and vehicular detection using radio tomographic imaging. Network architecture is based on the well-established Zigbee standard and medium access is provided through a time division multiple access scheme. Wireless security vulnerabilities are considered and a four-part security scheme is presented. Field test results are provided to validate both the baseline radio tomographic imaging functionality and the accompanying wireless sensor network security mechanisms. C1 [Inglis, Robert Paul S.; Brenner, Ryan P.; Puzo, Erin L.; Walker, T. Owens, III; Anderson, Christopher R.] USN Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Thomas, Ryan W.; Martin, Richard K.] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Inglis, RPS (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM ofc23258@usna.edu; owalker@usna.edu; canderso@usna.edu; richard.martin@afit.edu NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-2393-2; 978-1-4673-2392-5 PY 2012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BFJ63 UT WOS:000320132400015 ER PT J AU McClintic, JQ Tummala, M McEachen, J AF McClintic, J. Q. Tummala, M. McEachen, J. BE Wysocki, BJ Wysocki, TA TI Correcting Refractive Dilution of Precision in Wireless Network Geolocation Estimates SO 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SIGNAL PROCESSING AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (ICSPCS'2012) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS) CY DEC 12-14, 2012 CL Gold Coast, AUSTRALIA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, Univ Nebraska, Peter Kiewit Inst ID EQUATIONS; LOCATION AB Obtaining precise geolocation estimates for mobile devices requires knowledge of the local propagation velocity of light. Under common atmospheric conditions, incorrect propagation velocity estimates introduce systemic dilution of precision using time difference of arrival techniques. Modeling local propagation velocity as a function of common local meteorological variables yields corrected velocity estimates directly applicable to existing algorithms. In a simulated wireless network, matching the refractivity assumed in computing estimated positions to the simulated environmental refractivity shows some evidence that gains in accuracy and precision are achievable. C1 [McClintic, J. Q.; Tummala, M.; McEachen, J.] USN, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Grad Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP McClintic, JQ (reprint author), USN, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Grad Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jqmcclin@nps.edu; mtummala@nps.edu; mceachen@nps.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-2393-2 PY 2012 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BFJ63 UT WOS:000320132400031 ER PT B AU Simmonds, KE Bagchi, A Matic, P Leung, AC Pogue, WM Thompson, AK Strain, JC Gauvin, JE AF Simmonds, K. E. Bagchi, A. Matic, P. Leung, A. C. Pogue, W. M. Thompson, A. K. Strain, J. C. Gauvin, J. E. GP ASME TI BLAST RESPONSE OF PROTECTIVE ARMOR CONCEPTS USING AN ARM SURROGATE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION 2010, VOL 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE) CY NOV 12-18, 2010 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers ID AMPLIFICATION C1 [Simmonds, K. E.; Bagchi, A.; Matic, P.; Leung, A. C.; Pogue, W. M.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Thompson, A. K.; Strain, J. C.] Alliant Tech Syst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Gauvin, J. E.] SAIC, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Simmonds, KE (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4426-7 PY 2012 BP 115 EP 117 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering GA BFJ68 UT WOS:000320140200017 ER PT B AU Ford, M Bagchi, A Simmonds, K Gauvin, J Matic, P AF Ford, Matthew Bagchi, Amit Simmonds, Kirth Gauvin, John Matic, Peter GP ASME TI SURROGATE SKULL-BRAIN RESPONSE TO A PRESSURE WAVE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION 2010, VOL 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE) CY NOV 12-18, 2010 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers C1 [Ford, Matthew; Gauvin, John] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Bagchi, Amit; Simmonds, Kirth; Matic, Peter] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Ford, M (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, Washington, DC 20001 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4426-7 PY 2012 BP 119 EP 121 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering GA BFJ68 UT WOS:000320140200018 ER PT B AU Hashemi, N Howell, PB Ligler, FS AF Hashemi, Nastaran Howell, Peter B., Jr. Ligler, Frances S. GP ASME TI MICROFLOW CYTOMETER: HYDRODYNAMIC FOCUSING AND SEPARATION OF SAMPLE STREAM SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION 2010, VOL 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE) CY NOV 12-18, 2010 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers ID CELLS; MICROCHANNELS; SYSTEMS; GROOVES; CHANNEL; FORCE; MIXER; CHIP AB Using grooves in the walls of a microchannel and two sheath streams, we have passively focused a sample stream in the center of the microchannel for optical analysis. Even though the sample stream is completely surrounded by sheath fluid, reversing the orientation of the grooves in the channel walls returns the sample stream to its original position with respect to the sheath streams. The use of this sheathing technique has already been demonstrated in a sensitive microflow cytometer; the unsheathing capability now provides the opportunity to recover particles from the sensor with minimal dilution or to recycle the sheath fluid for long-term unattended operation. The ability to reverse focused laminar flows opens a variety of options for combining target transport, processing and analysis procedures. C1 [Hashemi, Nastaran; Howell, Peter B., Jr.; Ligler, Frances S.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hashemi, N (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM nastaran.hashemi.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; peter.howell@nrl.navy.mil; fran.ligler@nrl.navy.mil RI Hashemi, Nastaran/A-7645-2012 OI Hashemi, Nastaran/0000-0001-8921-7588 NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4426-7 PY 2012 BP 291 EP 296 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering GA BFJ68 UT WOS:000320140200044 ER PT B AU Driscoll, MJ McFetridge, EM Patterson, JS See, CA AF Driscoll, Matthew J. McFetridge, Eric M. Patterson, Jeffrey S. See, Craig A. GP ASME TI Removals for Cause: A 35 Year Assessment of LM2500 Engine Removals by the United States Navy SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2011, VOL 4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo 2011 CY JUN 06-10, 2011 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP ASME, Int Gas Turbine Inst AB The United States (US) Navy has operated the General Electric LM2500 gas turbine on all its surface combatants for the past 35 years. The LM2500 is utilized as the propulsion engine aboard the US Navy's newest surface combatants including the FFG 7, CG 47 and DDG 51 Class ships. The US Navy owns and operates 400 LM2500 engines. An on-condition maintenance philosophy is employed whereby engines are run-to-failure rather than removed from service upon achieving some operating milestone. This paper assesses the reasons for the removal of the US Navy's LM2500s over their entire service life with a focus on how fleet maintenance capabilities have impacted and affected the cause for engine replacements over time. C1 [Driscoll, Matthew J.; McFetridge, Eric M.; Patterson, Jeffrey S.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Driscoll, MJ (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5464-8 PY 2012 BP 799 EP 808 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BFO07 UT WOS:000320677400076 ER PT B AU Halpin, R Sapienza, F AF Halpin, Richard Sapienza, Frank GP ASME TI Integrating A Hybrid Electric Drive Propulsion System with the Existing DDG 51 Class Machinery Control System SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2011, VOL 4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo 2011 CY JUN 06-10, 2011 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP ASME, Int Gas Turbine Inst AB The destroyers of the USS Arleigh Burke Class all have 4 propulsion gas turbines and 3 gas turbine generators (GTGs). A typical at-sea "condition 3" operating profile consists of having 2 gas turbine generators running at approximately 50% capacity, and one propulsion gas turbine online at low to intermediate ship speeds. Having 2 GTGs online at all times at 50% load each provides the obvious advantage of maintaining all electric loads should one GTG shut down unexpectedly. This luxury does come at the cost of fuel efficiency, as gas turbines efficiency improves continuously as they move away from idle. On the propulsion end, a single gas turbine is capable of generating enough horsepower to propel the ship at speeds in excess of 20 knots. Depending upon the specific mission that the destroyer may be on, however, quite a bit of operating profile may be at speeds below 15 knots where the LM2500 is operating at less than 20% capacity. In this range of operation specific fuel consumption ratios are also relatively low. The proposed Hybrid Electric Drive (HED) system has the potential to address both of these inefficient ranges of operation. By installing one 2000 horsepower electric motor on each shaft, the electric motors can be used to propel the ship at speeds below 14 knots (projected) while running the GTGs up to 90% operating range where they are most efficient. The LM2500 is shut down completely at this range, and the potential fuel savings in this configuration is substantial. While there are many engineering challenges with installing such a HED system on board an in-service DDG, the focus of this paper is on how to integrate HED with the existing Machinery Control System (MCS). Such challenges include interfacing MCS to the HED supervisory controller, developing a new HED control interface for the propulsion control operator, integrating HED into the existing shaft speed control algorithm, transitioning to and from HED propulsion, and updating data logging to include HED. Managing the interface between current electric load, changing electric loads, and current available BED power will also be addressed. C1 [Halpin, Richard; Sapienza, Frank] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Halpin, R (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5464-8 PY 2012 BP 853 EP 859 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BFO07 UT WOS:000320677400082 ER PT B AU Volino, RJ AF Volino, Ralph J. GP ASME TI COMBINED EFFECTS OF WAKES AND PULSED VORTEX GENERATOR JET FLOW CONTROL ON BOUNDARY LAYER SEPARATION ON A VERY HIGH LIFT LOW PRESSURE TURBINE AIRFOIL SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2011, VOL 5, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo 2011 CY JUN 06-10, 2011 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP ASME, Int Gas Turbine Inst ID TRANSITION; BLADE; SURFACE; REGION AB Boundary layer separation control with pulsed vortex generator jets (VGJs) has been studied on a very high lift, low-pressure turbine airfoil in the presence of unsteady wakes. Experiments were done under low (0.6%) and high (4%) freestream turbulence conditions on a linear cascade in a low speed wind tunnel. Cases were considered at Reynolds numbers (based on the suction surface length and the nominal exit velocity from the cascade) of 25,000 and 50,000. Wakes were produced from moving rods upstream of the cascade with flow coefficient 1.13 and rod spacing equal 2 blade pitches, resulting in a dimensionless wake passing frequency F=fL(j-te)/U-ave=0.14, where f is the frequency, Lj-te is the length of the adverse pressure gradient region on the suction surface, and U-ave is the average freestream velocity. The VGJs were injected at the beginning of the adverse pressure gradient region on the suction surface with maximum jet velocity in each pulse equal to the local freestream velocity and a jet duty cycle of 10%. Several different timings of the VGJs with respect to the wakes were considered. Pressure surveys on the airfoil surface and downstream total pressure loss surveys were documented. Instantaneous velocity profile measurements were acquired in the suction surface boundary layer and downstream of the cascade. In cases without VGJs, the boundary layer momentarily reattached in response to the wake passing, but separated between wakes. The VGJs also caused reattachment, and if the VGJ pulsing frequency was sufficiently high, separation was largely suppressed for the full wake passing cycle. The timing of the VGJs with respect to the wakes was not very important. The jet pulsing frequency needed for separation control was about the same as found previously in cases without wakes. The background freestream turbulence effect was negligible in the presence of the larger wake and VGJ disturbances. C1 USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Volino, RJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM volino@usna.edu NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5465-5 PY 2012 BP 1847 EP 1858 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BFR71 UT WOS:000321076300163 ER PT J AU Meger, RA Cairns, R Douglass, S Huhman, B Neri, J Jones, H Cooper, K Feng, J Brintlinger, T Sprague, J Michopoulos, J Young, M DeGiorgi, V Leung, A Baucom, J Wimmer, S AF Meger, R. A. Cairns, R. Douglass, S. Huhman, B. Neri, J. Jones, H. Cooper, K. Feng, J. Brintlinger, T. Sprague, J. Michopoulos, J. Young, M. DeGiorgi, V. Leung, A. Baucom, J. Wimmer, S. BE Fair, HD TI EM Gun Bore Life Experiments at the Naval Research Laboratory SO 2012 16TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCH TECHNOLOGY (EML) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch (EML) Technology CY MAY 15-19, 2012 CL Inst Strateg & Innovat Technologies (ISIT), Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE, China Electrotechn Soc (CES), IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc HO Inst Strateg & Innovat Technologies (ISIT) ID ARMATURE; TRANSITION; RAIL AB The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) performs basic and applied research on high power railguns as part of the US Navy EM Launcher program. The understanding of damage mechanisms as a function of armature and barrel materials, launch parameters, and bore geometry is of primary interest to the development of a viable high power railgun. Research is performed on a 6-m, 1.5 MJ railgun located at NRL. Barrel studies utilize in situ diagnostics coupled with detailed ex situ analysis of rail materials to provide clues to the conditions present during launch. Results are compared with coupled 3-D electromagnetic and mechanical Finite Element Analysis (FEA) models of railgun operation. Results of several experiments on rail wear will be discussed. C1 [Meger, R. A.; Huhman, B.; Neri, J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Meger, RA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0305-7 PY 2012 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BFM95 UT WOS:000320580800171 ER PT J AU Meger, RA Huhman, B Neri, J Brintlinger, T Jones, H Cairns, R Douglass, S Lockner, T Sprague, J AF Meger, R. A. Huhman, B. Neri, J. Brintlinger, T. Jones, H. Cairns, R. Douglass, S. Lockner, T. Sprague, J. BE Fair, HD TI NRL Materials Testing Facility SO 2012 16TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCH TECHNOLOGY (EML) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch (EML) Technology CY MAY 15-19, 2012 CL Inst Strateg & Innovat Technologies (ISIT), Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE, China Electrotechn Soc (CES), IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc HO Inst Strateg & Innovat Technologies (ISIT) AB The Naval Research Laboratory performs basic research on high power railgun electric launchers. The program uses a 1.5-MJ, 2.5 km/s launch velocity railgun located in NRL's Materials Testing Facility. The railgun consists of an 11-MJ capacitive energy store configured as 22, 0.5-MJ modules. Each bank module has an independently triggered thyristor switch, series inductor, and crowbar diode and is joined to the railgun breech with coaxial cables. Individual bank timing and charge levels can be set to produce up to 1.5 MA peak current and 4-5 ms long current pulses. The 6-m long railgun used a nominally 5 cm bore diameter with steel or copper rails and epoxy laminate insulators. The muzzle contains a Tungsten-Copper arc horn to minimize damage from residual drive current upon launch. Aluminum armatures with acrylic bore riders are used for the launch package. Launch data is recorded digitally and analyzed using in-house computer codes. The system design and operation will be discussed. C1 [Meger, R. A.; Huhman, B.; Neri, J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Meger, RA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0305-7 PY 2012 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BFM95 UT WOS:000320580800172 ER PT S AU Severinghaus, R Tummala, M McEachen, J AF Severinghaus, Robert Tummala, Murali McEachen, John BE Matthews, MB TI Performance of Asymmetric Antenna Configurations in Polarized Channels SO 2012 CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE FORTY SIXTH ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS (ASILOMAR) SE Conference Record of the Asilomar Conference on Signals Systems and Computers LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 46th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers CY NOV 04-07, 2012 CL Pacific Grove, CA SP Naval Postgraduate Sch, ATK Miss Res, IEEE Signal Proc Soc ID WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS; DIVERSITY AB Small receivers can use dual polarization antennas to maximize received energy from single polarization transmitters. This paper analyzes the performance of these asymmetric MIMO antenna configurations in polarized, uncorrelated Rayleigh fading channels. Because the receiver can have knowledge of the channel's cross polar ratio, a polarization reciprocity scheme is developed. This is shown to maximize signal energy at the uplink receiver for all polarized channels. Simulations then show the symbol error probability and relationships to the channel cross-polar ratio and the number of transmitting antennas. Also, the use of Alamouti coding in a dual polarization uplink and in combination with the polarization reciprocity scheme is analyzed. C1 [Severinghaus, Robert; Tummala, Murali; McEachen, John] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Severinghaus, R (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM rseverin@nps.edu; mtummala@nps.edu; mceachen@nps.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1058-6393 BN 978-1-4673-5051-8 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 2012 BP 499 EP 503 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BFO76 UT WOS:000320768400092 ER PT S AU Bordonaro, SV Willett, P Bar-Shalom, Y AF Bordonaro, Steven V. Willett, Peter Bar-Shalom, Yaakov BE Matthews, MB TI Consistent Linear Tracker with Position and Range Rate Measurements SO 2012 CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE FORTY SIXTH ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS (ASILOMAR) SE Conference Record of the Asilomar Conference on Signals Systems and Computers LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 46th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers CY NOV 04-07, 2012 CL Pacific Grove, CA SP Naval Postgraduate Sch, ATK Miss Res, IEEE Signal Proc Soc AB In active sonar and radar applications measurements consist of range, bearing and often range rate. When tracking using range and bearing measurements only, the performance of a Converted Measurement Kalman Filter (CMFK) exceeds that of a mixed coordinate Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) if an unbiased conversion from polar to Cartesian coordinates is used. Performance is further enhanced if estimation bias is eliminated by evaluating the converted measurement error covariance using the state prediction. The extension of the CMKF to use range rate as a linear measurement is possible, but limited to cases with small bearing errors. The use of range rate as a nonlinear measurement requires the use of an EKF. Due to the poor performance of the EKF in some situations, various modifications have been proposed, including use of a pseudo measurement, an alternative linearization of the measurement prediction function, and sequentially processing the converted position and range rate measurements (applied to the EKF and the Unscented Kalman Filter). Common to these approaches is that the measurement prediction function remains nonlinear. The goal of this work is to develop a measurement conversion from range, bearing and range rate to Cartesian position and velocity that is unbiased and consistent. The approach is then applied to a CMKF with appropriate elimination of conversion bias and estimation bias. Performance is compared to the conventional EKF and the EKF with alternative linearization (AEKF). C1 [Bordonaro, Steven V.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Willett, Peter; Bar-Shalom, Yaakov] Univ Connecticut, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Bordonaro, SV (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM steven.bordonaro@navy.mil; willett@engr.uconn.edu; ybs@engr.uconn.edu OI Willett, Peter/0000-0001-8443-5586 FU [ARO-W911NF-10-1-0369]; [ONR-N00014-09-1-0613]; [ONR-N00014-10-1-0029]; [ONR-N00014-10-1-0412] FX Supported in part by Grants ARO-W911NF-10-1-0369, ONR-N00014-09-1-0613, ONR-N00014-10-1-0029 and ONR- N00014-10-1-0412. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1058-6393 BN 978-1-4673-5051-8 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 2012 BP 880 EP 884 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BFO76 UT WOS:000320768400163 ER PT S AU Wagner, KT Doroslovacki, MI AF Wagner, Kevin T. Doroslovacki, Milos I. BE Matthews, MB TI COMPLEX COLORED WATER-FILLING ALGORITHM FOR GAIN ALLOCATION IN PROPORTIONATE ADAPTIVE FILTERING SO 2012 CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE FORTY SIXTH ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS (ASILOMAR) SE Conference Record of the Asilomar Conference on Signals Systems and Computers LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 46th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers CY NOV 04-07, 2012 CL Pacific Grove, CA SP Naval Postgraduate Sch, ATK Miss Res, IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE Adaptive Estimation; Adaptive Filters; Least Mean Square Methods AB A complex colored water-filling algorithm is derived for gain allocation in proportionate-type NLMS filtering under the assumption that the input signal is Gaussian and the covariance and pseudo-covariance are known. The algorithm is derived by minimizing the mean square weight deviation at every time instance, where the weight deviation is defined as the difference between the unknown impulse response and the estimated impulse response at the current time. A single real-valued gain is used to simultaneously update both the real and imaginary parts of the estimated impulse response. The performance of the new algorithm is compared with the performance of several standard proportionate-type normalized least mean square algorithms for colored input. C1 [Wagner, Kevin T.] USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Doroslovacki, Milos I.] George Washington Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Wagner, KT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1058-6393 BN 978-1-4673-5051-8 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 2012 BP 1802 EP 1806 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BFO76 UT WOS:000320768400335 ER PT S AU Tan, S Piepmeier, JA Kriebel, DL AF Tan, Sam Piepmeier, Jenelle Armstrong Kriebel, David L. BE Matthews, MB TI A Computer Vision System for Monitoring Vessel Motion in Conjunction with Vessel Wake Measurements SO 2012 CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE FORTY SIXTH ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS (ASILOMAR) SE Conference Record of the Asilomar Conference on Signals Systems and Computers LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 46th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers CY NOV 04-07, 2012 CL Pacific Grove, CA SP Naval Postgraduate Sch, ATK Miss Res, IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE vision-based vessel tracking; wave measurements AB This study seeks to establish a new and efficient method of conducting vessel wake studies by means of a vision-based vessel tracking tool that computes vessel parameters such as speed and length. When correlated with wave height measurements, the data facilitates a unified formulation of equations to calculate ship-generated wave heights over a broader range of vessel sizes and boating speeds than previous models. Using this tool, a sizable database of vessel types and wave height measurements are acquired to provide additional data points to improve existing prediction models. C1 [Tan, Sam; Piepmeier, Jenelle Armstrong; Kriebel, David L.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD USA. RP Tan, S (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1058-6393 BN 978-1-4673-5051-8 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 2012 BP 1830 EP 1834 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BFO76 UT WOS:000320768400340 ER PT B AU Cavallaro, PV Sadegh, AM AF Cavallaro, Paul V. Sadegh, Ali M. GP ASME TI CRIMP-IMBALANCED PROTECTIVE (CRIMP) FABRICS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (IMECE 2010), VOL 9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE) CY NOV 12-18, 2010 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers ID BALLISTIC IMPACT BEHAVIOR; ENERGY-ABSORPTION; WOVEN FABRICS; ANALYTICAL-MODEL; PERFORMANCE; FRICTION; ARMOR; PERFORATION; SYSTEM AB This report documents research that was conducted to explore the unique concept of using crimp imbalance, which is a simple architectural modification achieved during the weaving process, as a potential mechanism to enhance fragmentation and ballistic protection levels of single-ply woven fabrics. It is shown in this report that crimp imbalance (1) can substantially influence the energy-absorption levels of single-ply fabrics for select fragment simulating projectile (FSP) velocities and friction coefficients; (2) can be tailored to controllably delay stress-wave propagations among yarn directions; and (3) can minimize reflections at the yarn crossover regions. This research, which used numerical models of single ply, plain-woven fabric, demonstrated that deviations in crimp contents can have significant effects on energy absorptions and projectile residual velocities; in short, optimal levels of crimp imbalance may exist for a specific ballistic threat type. C1 [Cavallaro, Paul V.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Cavallaro, PV (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4446-5 PY 2012 BP 331 EP 349 PG 19 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA BFM23 UT WOS:000320481000041 ER PT B AU Qidwai, MAS DeGiorgi, VG AF Qidwai, M. A. Siddiq DeGiorgi, Virginia G. GP ASME TI FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS INCORPORATING NONLINEAR MATERIAL BEHAVIOR SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (IMECE 2010), VOL 9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE) CY NOV 12-18, 2010 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers ID BIMORPHS AB There is always the question of choosing the appropriate constitutive model when simulating and analyzing piezoelectric material performance. Linear material modeling typically requires less computational resources; however this approach may not accurately capture the performance. In this paper, the scope of linear predictive modeling was analyzed by comparison with nonlinear modeling. Monomorph and bimorph actuators were modeled with each approach, and their respective performances were compared. It was found that even under small magnitudes of electric field, differences arise between the two approaches. The magnitude of the deviations depended upon actuator composition, applied electric field and boundary conditions. The impact of these differences can be considerable, such as for precision-based applications and cyclic applications where initial design errors could compound. C1 [Qidwai, M. A. Siddiq] USN, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Qidwai, MAS (reprint author), USN, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Res Lab, Code 6350 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM muhammad.a.qidwai@nrl.navy.mil; virginia.g.degiorgi@nrl.navy.mil NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4446-5 PY 2012 BP 405 EP 416 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA BFM23 UT WOS:000320481000050 ER PT J AU Ancona, MG AF Ancona, M. G. GP IEEE TI Fully Coupled Thermoelectroelastic Simulations of GaN Devices SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL ELECTRON DEVICES MEETING (IEDM) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM) CY DEC 10-13, 2012 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE AB The continuum equations describing the fully coupled electrical, mechanical and thermal behaviors of GaN devices are presented and illustrated with a variety of examples from RF and power electronics. C1 Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Ancona, MG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 6876, Washington, DC USA. EM ancona@estd.nrl.navy.mil NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-4870-6 PY 2012 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BFN41 UT WOS:000320615600080 ER PT B AU Cai, LW Orris, GJ Calvo, DC Nicholas, M AF Cai, Liang-Wu Orris, Gregory J. Calvo, David C. Nicholas, Michael GP ASME TI ACOUSTICAL SCATTERING BY SPHERICAL OBJECTS CONTAINING ELECTRORHEOLOGICAL FLUID LAYERS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION 2010, VOL 13 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE) CY NOV 12-18, 2010 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers AB In an effort to explore the mechanism to exert control over the band gap in phononic structures or acoustic metamaterials, a layer of electrorheological (ER) fluid is introduced into a spherical scatterer The ER fluids have the capability of changing the mechanical properties from fluid-like into a solid-like material in a matter of milliseconds. It is expected that such significant changes in the material properties would afford a range of significant opportunities for tuning the band gap. In this study, numerical analysis of acoustical scattering characteristics of such scatterers in a underwater environment is explored The ER fluid layer is encased between a solid steel core and a steel shell, which provide electrodes to electrify the ER fluid The ER fluid, both before and after the electrification is modeled as viscoelastic solid in order to account for its capability for sustaining the shear wave. Effects of externally applied electric field on the scattering characteristics are observed C1 [Cai, Liang-Wu] Kansas State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Orris, Gregory J.; Calvo, David C.; Nicholas, Michael] Naval Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Cai, LW (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM cai@ksu.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N000140910546] FX The work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research under Grant No. N000140910546. The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions by their former colleague Dr. Dacio K. Dacol, who retired from the Naval Research Laboratory in 2009. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4450-2 PY 2012 BP 413 EP + PG 3 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BFJ73 UT WOS:000320140700054 ER PT B AU Wimmer, SA DeGiorgi, VG Pan, MJ AF Wimmer, Stephanie A. DeGiorgi, Virginia G. Pan, Ming-Jen GP ASME TI COMPUTATIONAL MODELING OF LAMINATION OF TAPE CASTED CERAMICS WITH A FUGITIVE PHASE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION 2010, VOL 3, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE) CY NOV 12-18, 2010 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers AB The complex geometries required for new and novel ceramic parts require new fabrication methods such as the fugitive phase approach. This paper examines the lamination step of fugitive phase approach ceramic fabrication process. The lamination step integrates the fugitive phase with the green ceramic material. The pressing used along with the geometric layout of the fugitive phase during the lamination step creates an uneven pressure distribution in the green ceramic. This pressure distribution causes density gradients and warping in the final ceramic part. A preliminary computational model of the lamination process is modeled and the resulting stress, strain energy, and deformed shape are examined. C1 [Wimmer, Stephanie A.; DeGiorgi, Virginia G.; Pan, Ming-Jen] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wimmer, SA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4427-4 PY 2012 BP 185 EP 190 PG 6 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BFK76 UT WOS:000320286400023 ER PT B AU Woolf, RS Phlips, BF Hutcheson, AL Mitchell, LJ Wulf, EA AF Woolf, Richard S. Phlips, Bernard F. Hutcheson, Anthony L. Mitchell, Lee J. Wulf, Eric A. GP IEEE TI An Active Interrogation Detection System (ACTINIDES) Based on a Dual Fast Neutron/Gamma-Ray Coded Aperture Imager SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR HOMELAND SECURITY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Homeland Security (HST) CY NOV 13-15, 2012 CL Waltham, MA SP IEEE, IEEE Biometr Council, IEEE Boston Sect, IEEE USA, Massport, L3 Commun, Global Secur Finance, Homeland Secur Jobs, Market Res Media DE Neutron Imaging; Gamma-Ray Imaging; Coded Aperture; Active Interrogation ID UNIFORMLY REDUNDANT ARRAYS AB We report on the initial characterization efforts for an active interrogation detection system (ACTINIDES) for applications in maritime security. The ACTINIDES concept is based on neutron/gamma-ray detection, measurement and imaging using a coded aperture mask and an array of liquid scintillator detectors. The coded mask is based on a modified uniformly redundant array (MURA) with hybrid mask elements comprised of high-density polyethylene and lead. The detector array is composed of thirty liquid scintillators. Liquid scintillator detectors are sensitive to both neutrons and gamma rays, with discrimination between the two accomplished by measurement of differences in the de-excitation light pulses. The proof-of-concept study of the instrument has been conducted passively in the laboratory; ultimately, the fully scaled-up instrument is designed to be used in tandem with an active interrogator. Results from the full laboratory test campaign will be presented, along with future prospects for work with an active interrogator. C1 [Woolf, Richard S.] CNR, 500 5th St NW, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Phlips, Bernard F.; Hutcheson, Anthony L.; Mitchell, Lee J.; Wulf, Eric A.] US Naval Res Lab, High Energy Space Environm Branch, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Woolf, RS (reprint author), CNR, 500 5th St NW, Washington, DC 20001 USA. OI Woolf, Richard/0000-0003-4859-1711 FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-2709-1; 978-1-4673-2708-4 PY 2012 BP 30 EP 35 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BEZ20 UT WOS:000318851500006 ER PT B AU Gabriel, JG Singh, G Steckler, B AF Gabriel, James Gregory Singh, Gurminder Steckler, Brian GP IEEE TI An Evaluation Methodology for Rapidly Deployable Information and Communications Technologies in HA/DR SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR HOMELAND SECURITY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Homeland Security (HST) CY NOV 13-15, 2012 CL Waltham, MA SP IEEE, IEEE Biometr Council, IEEE Boston Sect, IEEE USA, Massport, L3 Commun, Global Secur Finance, Homeland Secur Jobs, Market Res Media DE HA/DR; information and communications technology; ICT; evaluation methodology; disaster response AB One of the most significant technological challenges after major humanitarian disasters is the rapid deployment of information and communications technologies (ICT) for initial responders. Reliance on ICT-particularly wireless communications-is essential to a coordinated response. This is especially true in international disasters due to the large number and diversity of responding organizations. Therefore, choosing the most effective ICT systems for disaster response is a critical factor for ensuring success of the response effort. This paper proposes a method to select and rapidly deploy ICT resources for disaster responders by evaluating ICT challenges that are unique to the post-disaster environment and identifying essential characteristics of rapidly deployable ICT systems. Further, the authors will develop a quantifiable methodology based on essential characteristics to evaluate and compare commercially-available ICT systems in order to identify technologies best suited for the disaster environment. Revelations will contribute to potential policy recommendations and follow-on research that will facilitate determination of the best ICT options, resulting in more effective cooperative utilization of these technologies to improve post-disaster responsiveness. C1 [Gabriel, James Gregory; Steckler, Brian] USN, Dept Informat Sci, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Singh, Gurminder] USN, Dept Comp Sci, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Gabriel, JG (reprint author), USN, Dept Informat Sci, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM james.gabriel@navy.mil; gsingh@nps.edu; steckler@nps.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-2709-1; 978-1-4673-2708-4 PY 2012 BP 232 EP 237 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BEZ20 UT WOS:000318851500038 ER PT B AU Auslander, B Gupta, KM Aha, DW AF Auslander, Bryan Gupta, Kalyan Moy Aha, David W. GP IEEE TI Maritime Threat Detection using Plan Recognition SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR HOMELAND SECURITY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Homeland Security (HST) CY NOV 13-15, 2012 CL Waltham, MA SP IEEE, IEEE Biometr Council, IEEE Boston Sect, IEEE USA, Massport, L3 Commun, Global Secur Finance, Homeland Secur Jobs, Market Res Media ID SYSTEM AB Existing algorithms for maritime threat detection employ a variety of normalcy models that are probabilistic and/or rule-based. Unfortunately, they can be limited in their ability to model the subtlety and complexity of multiple vessel types and their spatio-temporal events, yet their representation is needed to accurately detect anomalies in maritime scenarios. To address these limitations, we apply plan recognition algorithms for maritime anomaly detection. In particular, we examine hierarchical task network (HTN) and case-based algorithms for plan recognition, which detect anomalies by generating expected behaviors for use as a basis for threat detection. We compare their performance with a behavior recognition algorithm on simulated riverine maritime traffic. On a set of simulated maritime scenarios, these plan recognition algorithms outperformed the behavior recognition algorithm, except for one reactive behavior task in which the inverse occurred. Furthermore, our case-based plan recognizer outperformed our HTN algorithm. On the short-term reactive planning scenarios, the plan recognition algorithms outperformed the behavior recognition algorithm on routine plan following. However, they are significantly outperformed on the anomalous scenarios. C1 [Auslander, Bryan; Gupta, Kalyan Moy] Knexus Res Corp, 163 Waterfront St, Natl Harbor, MD 20745 USA. [Aha, David W.] Navy Ctr Appl Res Artificial Intelligence, Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Auslander, B (reprint author), Knexus Res Corp, 163 Waterfront St, Natl Harbor, MD 20745 USA. EM bryan.auslander@knexusresearch.com; kalyan.gupta@knexusresearch.com; david.aha@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX We thank the Office of Naval Research for funding this research. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-2709-1; 978-1-4673-2708-4 PY 2012 BP 249 EP 254 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BEZ20 UT WOS:000318851500041 ER PT J AU Estabridis, K AF Estabridis, Katia GP IEEE TI Face Recognition and Learning via Adaptive Dictionaries SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR HOMELAND SECURITY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Homeland Security (HST) CY NOV 13-15, 2012 CL Waltham, MA SP IEEE, IEEE Biometr Council (BIO), IEEE Boston Sect, IEEE USA, Massport, L3 Commun, Global Secur Finance, Homeland Secur Jobs, Market Res Media DE single sample per person; face recognition; unsupervised learning; l(1) minimization AB This paper proposes an adaptive face recognition algorithm to jointly classify and learn from unlabeled data. It presents an efficient design that specifically addresses the case when only a single sample per person is available for training. A dictionary composed of regional descriptors serves as the basis for the recognition system while providing a flexible framework to augment or update dictionary atoms. The algorithm is based on l(1) minimization techniques and the decision to update the dictionary is made in an unsupervised mode via non-parametric Bayes. The dictionary learning is done via reverse-OMP to select atoms that are orthogonal or near orthogonal to the current dictionary elements. The proposed algorithm was tested with two face databases showing the capability to handle illumination, scale, and some moderate pose and expression variations. Classification results as high as 96% were obtained with the Georgia Tech database and 94% correct classification rates for the Multi-PIE database for the frontal-view scenarios. C1 USN, Res & Intelligence Dept, Air Weap Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Estabridis, K (reprint author), USN, Res & Intelligence Dept, Air Weap Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM katia.estabridis@navy.mil NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-2709-1 PY 2012 BP 280 EP 285 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BEZ20 UT WOS:000318851500046 ER PT B AU Shtessel, Y Edwards, C Menon, P Cosby, A Bordetsky, A AF Shtessel, Yuri Edwards, Christopher Menon, Prathyush Cosby, Alan Bordetsky, Alex GP IEEE TI Predictive modeling and retaining connectivity for mobile wireless communication network SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR HOMELAND SECURITY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Homeland Security (HST) CY NOV 13-15, 2012 CL Waltham, MA SP IEEE, IEEE Biometr Council, IEEE Boston Sect, IEEE USA, Massport, L3 Commun, Global Secur Finance, Homeland Secur Jobs, Market Res Media ID CONSENSUS; SYSTEMS AB The problem of maintaining connectivity in a mobile communication network is considered. The agents consist of two classes: one class of agents, which is termed primary mission agents, performs surveillance operations that may or may not be coordinated efforts. The second class of agents, which is termed relay agents, is controlled to maintain the connectivity. Two control algorithms are proposed to retain the connectivity of the network. Sliding mode observers are employed to predict the trajectories of the primary mission agents, when only their positions are known from blue force messages, and this information is used to construct state dependent graphs encapsulating the measure of connectivity. An optimal model predictive control is employed to develop the control policies for the relay agents to maximize connectivity. Also, the hybrid system approach is used to retain the connectivity of the communication network. The efficacy of the proposed control algorithms is confirmed on a case study of Riverine detection and interdiction operation. C1 [Shtessel, Yuri; Cosby, Alan] Univ Alabama, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Edwards, Christopher] Univ Leicester, Dept Engn, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Menon, Prathyush] Univ Exeter, Ctr Syst Dynam & Control, Exeter EX4 4QF, Devon, England. [Bordetsky, Alex] Naval Postgraduate Sch, Dept Informat Technol, Monterey, CA USA. RP Shtessel, Y (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. EM shtessel@ece.uah.edu; chris.edwards@le.ac.uk; P.M.Prathyush@exeter.ac.uk; jac0014@uah.edu; abordets@nps.edu NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-2709-1; 978-1-4673-2708-4 PY 2012 BP 568 EP 573 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BEZ20 UT WOS:000318851500095 ER PT B AU Millett, M Whitlock, R Geelhood, B AF Millett, Marshall Whitlock, Robert Geelhood, Bruce GP IEEE TI Improving Gamma Radiation Detection through Exploitation of Temporal Data SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR HOMELAND SECURITY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Homeland Security (HST) CY NOV 13-15, 2012 CL Waltham, MA SP IEEE, IEEE Biometr Council, IEEE Boston Sect, IEEE USA, Massport, L3 Commun, Global Secur Finance, Homeland Secur Jobs, Market Res Media DE temporal domain; integration period; dynamic source encounter; signal-to-noise ratio AB Though some encounters with potentially illicit radiological or nuclear material involve a stationary or dwell survey, many of the conceivable encounters are dynamic in nature. In the general unshielded or homogeneously shielded dynamic encounter, the mean detectable source signature strength will follow a well behaved curve with time: increasing on approach, peaking at the point-of-closest-approach, and then decreasing. Despite this well understood phenomenon, many currently available detection systems are set up to optimally detect an arbitrary step function that may or may not be representative of the anticipated dynamics of the encounter. Of course, the fact that radiation emission generally follows a Poisson process requires a signal integration time. For example, the dynamic scanning mode of many detection systems considers discrete and independent one second response data. Such a system is only optimized for a one second dwell. This approach can be improved upon. It will be shown that if the dynamics (meaning range and relative velocity) are understood, the integration period can be optimized to yield maximum signal to noise ratio. An analytical expression describing gamma radiation signature strength will be provided that may be used as the basis for studies of the effectiveness of temporally aware approaches to source detection in a dynamic encounter. C1 [Millett, Marshall] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Geelhood, Bruce] NCAE, Beacon, NY USA. RP Millett, M (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM milleight@gmail.com; RRWhitlock6005@gmail.com; Bruce.Geelhood@NCAEinc.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-2709-1; 978-1-4673-2708-4 PY 2012 BP 643 EP 647 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BEZ20 UT WOS:000318851500108 ER PT B AU Merrill, MH AF Merrill, Marriner H. GP ASME TI LARGE-SCALE ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION METHODS FOR NANOCOATING APPLICATION SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION 2010, VOL 12 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE) CY NOV 12-18, 2010 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers ID THIN-FILMS; DEPOSITION; EVAPORATION; NANOPARTICLES; NANOELECTROSPRAY; EMISSION; SURFACES; FISSION; CHARGE; MODEL AB A scalable nano-coating process is needed that can be applied at atmospheric temperatures and pressures with low waste. This would enable the efficient production of advanced thin-film materials from solar cells to super-hydrophobic surfaces. Unfortunately, current methods for producing nanoparticle or nano-structured macromolecular coatings often require substrate immersion, specific atmospheres, and/or long growth times. One potential technique to overcome these challenges would be to use electrospray ionization (ESI) to first disperse large numbers of nanoparticles or polymers in air at standard conditions, and then deposit these on a substrate. ESI is a relatively mature technology, and although it has been developed largely for processing microliter volumes in mass spectrometry, it is believed that the fundamental science can be scaled up. This work presents a model for an ESI deposition method. It combines scaling laws for charged jets with spray and fission models to capture relevant charge, spray, fission, and evaporation phenomena. The developed model is shown to be very simple and efficient while still matching published experimental results. Using the model, current ESI techniques are compared such as NanoESI and Flow-Focusing ESI. A significant technological challenge to ESI deposition is discovered to be the trapping of the majority of the solute in a few primary droplets. Different solutions to this challenge are examined and used to define the direction for future work. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Merrill, MH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4449-6 PY 2012 BP 177 EP 186 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BFJ72 UT WOS:000320140600026 ER PT S AU Hernandez, AS Lucas, TW Sanchez, PJ AF Hernandez, Alejandro S. Lucas, Thomas W. Sanchez, Paul J. BE Laroque, C Himmelspach, J Pasupathy, R TI SELECTING RANDOM LATIN HYPERCUBE DIMENSIONS AND DESIGNS THROUGH ESTIMATION OF MAXIMUM ABSOLUTE PAIRWISE CORRELATION SO 2012 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference (WSC) CY DEC 09-12, 2012 CL Berlin, GERMANY ID CONSTRUCTION METHOD; INPUT VARIABLES AB Latin hypercubes are the most widely used class of design for high-dimensional computer experiments. However, the high correlations that can occur in developing these designs can complicate subsequent analyses. Efforts to reduce or eliminate correlations can be complex and computationally expensive. Consequently, researchers often use uncorrected Latin hypercube designs in their experiments and accept any resulting multicollinearity issues. In this paper, we establish guidelines for selecting the number of runs and/or the number of variables for random Latin hypercube designs that are likely to yield an acceptable degree of correlation. Applying our policies and tools, analysts can generate satisfactory random Latin hypercube designs without the need for complex algorithms. C1 [Hernandez, Alejandro S.; Lucas, Thomas W.; Sanchez, Paul J.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. RP Hernandez, AS (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, 1 Univ Circle, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. EM ahernand@nps.edu; twlucas@nps.edu; pjsanche@nps.edu NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4673-4779-2 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2012 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BFD03 UT WOS:000319225501078 ER PT S AU Hyland, JC Smith, CM AF Hyland, John C. Smith, Cheryl M. BE Laroque, C Himmelspach, J Pasupathy, R TI EFFECTS OF STOCHASTIC TRAFFIC FLOW MODEL ON EXPECTED SYSTEM PERFORMANCE SO 2012 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference (WSC) CY DEC 09-12, 2012 CL Berlin, GERMANY AB In 2010 Naval Surface Warfare Center - Panama City Division (NSWC-PCD) developed a System Performance and Layered Analysis Tool (SPLAT) that evaluates candidate threat detection systems. Given a sensor deployment pattern, SPLAT combines sensor performances, scenario data, and pedestrian flow to analytically compute expected probability of detection (pd) and false alarm (pfa). Because the 2010 pedestrian flow model describes all possible trips through the detection area as straight-line paths, SPLAT can enumerate all possible trips and explicitly determine the maximum pd along each trip. NSWC-PCD's new 2011 flow model now accommodates stochastic pedestrian motion defined as a Markov process. However, stochastic flow modeling has created a combinatorial explosion; there are now too many paths to explicitly enumerate. Addressing this problem, NSWC-PCD has developed a unique expected maximum probability technique which approximates results obtained by enumerating all possible paths while still preserving spatial correlations created by sensor deployment patterns. C1 [Hyland, John C.; Smith, Cheryl M.] USN, Surface Warfare Ctr, Panama City Div, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. RP Hyland, JC (reprint author), USN, Surface Warfare Ctr, Panama City Div, 110 Vernon Ave, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4673-4779-2 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2012 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BFD03 UT WOS:000319225502043 ER PT S AU Powers, MJ Sanchez, SM Lucas, TW AF Powers, Matthew J. Sanchez, Susan M. Lucas, Thomas W. BE Laroque, C Himmelspach, J Pasupathy, R TI THE EXPONENTIAL EXPANSION OF SIMULATION IN RESEARCH SO 2012 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference (WSC) CY DEC 09-12, 2012 CL Berlin, GERMANY ID OPTIMIZATION; EFFICIENT AB Simulation has overcome critical obstacles to become a valuable method for obtaining insights about the behavior of complex systems. George Box's famous assessment that "all models are wrong, some are useful" referred to statistical models, but should now be reimagined to reflect that many simulation models are "right enough" to aid in decision making for important practical problems. Over the past fifty years, simulation has transformed from its beginnings as a brute-force numerical integration method into an attractive and sophisticated option for decision makers. This is due, in part, to the exponential growth of computing power. Although other analytic approaches also benefit from this trend, keyword searches of several scholarly search engines reveal that the reliance on simulation is increasing more rapidly. A descriptive analysis paints a compelling picture: simulation is frequently a researcher's preferred method for supporting decision makers and may often be the "first resort" for complex real world issues. C1 [Powers, Matthew J.; Sanchez, Susan M.; Lucas, Thomas W.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Powers, MJ (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM mjpowers@nps.edu; ssanchez@nps.edu; twlucas@nps.edu NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4673-4779-2 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2012 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BFD03 UT WOS:000319225502006 ER PT S AU Sanchez, SM Wan, H AF Sanchez, Susan M. Wan, Hong BE Laroque, C Himmelspach, J Pasupathy, R TI WORK SMARTER, NOT HARDER: A TUTORIAL ON DESIGNING AND CONDUCTING SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS SO 2012 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference (WSC) CY DEC 09-12, 2012 CL Berlin, GERMANY AB Simulation models are integral to modern scientific research, national defense, industry and manufacturing, and in public policy debates. These models tend to be extremely complex, often with thousands of factors and many sources of uncertainty. To understand the impact of these factors and their interactions on model outcomes requires efficient, high-dimensional design of experiments. Unfortunately, all to often, many large-scale simulation models continue to be explored in ad hoc ways. This suggests that more simulation researchers and practitioners need to be aware of the power of experimental design in order to get the most from their simulation studies. In this tutorial, we demonstrate the basic concepts important for design and conducting simulation experiments, and provide references to other resources for those wishing to learn more. This tutorial (an update of previous WSC tutorials) will prepare you to make your next simulation study a simulation experiment. C1 [Sanchez, Susan M.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Sanchez, SM (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ssanchez@nps.edu; hwan@purdue.edu NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4673-4779-2 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2012 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BFD03 UT WOS:000319225504001 ER PT S AU Tolk, A Adam, NR Cayirci, E Pickl, S Shumaker, R Sullivan, JA Waite, WF AF Tolk, Andreas Adam, Nabil R. Cayirci, Erdal Pickl, Stefan Shumaker, Randall Sullivan, Joseph A. Waite, William F. BE Laroque, C Himmelspach, J Pasupathy, R TI DEFENSE AND SECURITY APPLICATIONS OF MODELING AND SIMULATION - GRAND CHALLENGES AND CURRENT EFFORTS SO 2012 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference (WSC) CY DEC 09-12, 2012 CL Berlin, GERMANY AB This paper presents the positions of seven international experts regarding current and future grand challenges for modeling and simulation (M&S) supporting the defense and security domain. Topics addressed include new interoperability issues, real-time analysis challenges, evolving military and training exercises, the future role and importance of Operations Research and M&S, modeling human teams and cultural behavior challenges, how to support successful co-evolving of research and academic programs, and the implications of enterprise postures and operational concepts of future M&S. In summary, all contributions focus on a particular facet that in summary help to understand the conceptual, technical, and organizational challenges we are currently facing. C1 [Tolk, Andreas] Old Dominion Univ, Engn Management & Syst Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Adam, Nabil R.] US Dept Homeland Secur Sci & Technol, IDD, Washington, DC USA. [Cayirci, Erdal] Univ Stavanger, Elect & Comp Engn, Stavanger, Norway. [Pickl, Stefan] Univ Fed Armed Forces, Core Competence Ctr OR, Munich, Germany. [Shumaker, Randall] Inst Simulat & Training, Orlando, FL USA. [Sullivan, Joseph A.] MOVES Inst, Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Waite, William F.] AEgis Technol Grp, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Tolk, A (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Engn Management & Syst Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM atolk@odu.edu; nabil.adam@hq.dhs.gov; erdal.cayirci@uis.no; stef-an.pickl@unibw.de; shumaker@ist.ucf.edu; sullivan@nps.edu; bwaite@aegistg.com FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science ( JSPS) [23593129] FX The authors wish to express sincere gratitude to the staff of the Kohnan Hospital Group. This research was supported by " Grant- in- Aid for Scientific Research ( C) ( 23593129)" of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science ( JSPS). NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4673-4779-2; 978-1-4673-4780-8 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2012 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BFD03 UT WOS:000319225503043 ER PT J AU Cornis-Pop, M Mashima, PA Roth, CR MacLennan, DL Picon, LM Hammond, CS Goo-Yoshino, S Isaki, E Singson, M Frank, EM AF Cornis-Pop, Micaela Mashima, Pauline A. Roth, Carole R. MacLennan, Donald L. Picon, Linda M. Hammond, Carol Smith Goo-Yoshino, Shari Isaki, Emi Singson, Maile Frank, Elaine M. TI Cognitive-communication rehabilitation for combat-related mild traumatic brain injury SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID OF-THE-LITERATURE; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; THERAPEUTIC WORKING ALLIANCE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; HEAD-INJURY; ADULT ONSET; MEMORY; IRAQ; INTERVENTION; AFGHANISTAN C1 [Cornis-Pop, Micaela] Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Med Ctr, Richmond, VA USA. [Mashima, Pauline A.; Goo-Yoshino, Shari] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Roth, Carole R.] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [MacLennan, Donald L.] Minnevolis VA Hlth Care Syst, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Picon, Linda M.] James A Haley Vet Hosp, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. [Picon, Linda M.] Univ S Florida, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Coll Behav & Community Sci, Tampa, FL USA. [Hammond, Carol Smith] Durham VA Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Hammond, Carol Smith] Duke Univ, Div Gen Internal Med, Sch Med, Durham, NC USA. [Isaki, Emi] No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Singson, Maile] VA Pacific Islands Hlth Care Syst, Honolulu, HI USA. [Frank, Elaine M.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Cornis-Pop, M (reprint author), Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Med Ctr, Richmond, VA USA. EM pauline.mashima@us.army.mil NR 112 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 10 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PY 2012 VL 49 IS 7 BP XI EP XXXI DI 10.1682/JRRD.2012.03.0048 PG 21 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 149EZ UT WOS:000319303100002 PM 23341288 ER PT S AU Bloom, MA White, RW Porter, MA Derickson, DJ Weatherford, TR AF Bloom, M. A. White, R. W. Porter, M. A. Derickson, D. J. Weatherford, T. R. GP IEEE TI Small-Signal and DC Characterization of Stressed GaN-on-Si HEMTs SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATED RELIABILITY WORKSHOP FINAL REPORT SE IEEE International Integrated Reliability Workshop Final Report LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Integrated Reliability Workshop (IIRW) CY OCT 14-18, 2012 CL S Lake Tahoe, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devices Soc (EDS), IEEE Reliabil Soc DE GaN-on-Si; high-electron mobility transistor; HEMT; degradation; critical voltage; electron trapping; electron detrapping; small-signal model; thermal stress AB Shifts in GaN-on-Si HEMT device characteristics due to the combined effects of high electrical field stress, thermal stress, and electron trapping are reported. A stressing experiment is carried out to analyze the effects of high symmetrical electric field distributions upon device degradation for four groups of commercial GaN-on-Si devices. Characterization of degradation involved analyzing I-V characteristics, transfer characteristics, and S-parameters before and after stressing. Results from these experiments show an expected increase in gate leakage, but also return an increase in saturation drain current, a negative shift in threshold voltage, and a decrease in reverse transmission gain and associated small signal gate-to-drain capacitance after stressing under a symmetrical electric field distribution. C1 [Bloom, M. A.; White, R. W.; Derickson, D. J.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Elect Engn, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. [Porter, M. A.; Weatherford, T. R.] Naval Postgraduate Sch, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Monterey, CA USA. RP Bloom, MA (reprint author), Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Elect Engn, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-8841 BN 978-1-4673-2752-7; 978-1-4673-2749-7 J9 INT INTEG REL WRKSP PY 2012 BP 187 EP 190 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BFE19 UT WOS:000319340400052 ER PT S AU Geoghegan, KB Siddiqui, JJ Weatherford, TR AF Geoghegan, K. B. Siddiqui, J. J. Weatherford, T. R. GP IEEE TI y PMOS NBTI analysis of a 45nm CMOS-SOI Process with Nitrided Gate Dielectric SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATED RELIABILITY WORKSHOP FINAL REPORT SE IEEE International Integrated Reliability Workshop Final Report LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Integrated Reliability Workshop (IIRW) CY OCT 14-18, 2012 CL S Lake Tahoe, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devices Soc (EDS), IEEE Reliabil Soc AB As a consequence of the semiconductor industry chasing Moore's Law, device scaling and changes to the transistor's material system has introduced significant emerging reliability concerns which have the potential for drastically shortening device and hence product lifetimes. Given that semiconductor technologies leveraged for analog and mixed-signal designs in military and aerospace systems tend to lag behind industry, the extent and potential ramifications of the impending reliability problem has yet to be fully appreciated by the respective communities. Radiation effects and extended operating conditions, commonplace in military and aerospace systems, exacerbate the situation. In this paper, the initial results and analysis of the reliability concern of Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) in p-channel Metal Oxide Semiconductors (PMOS) devices fabricated in a 45nm CMOS-SOI process will be presented. In addition, the prospect of ionizing space-radiation on PMOS NBTI device reliability will be introduced progressing to the topic of further proposed research, PMOS NBTI in an ionizing radiation environment. C1 [Geoghegan, K. B.; Weatherford, T. R.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA USA. [Geoghegan, K. B.; Siddiqui, J. J.] Def MicroElect Activ, Monterey, CA USA. RP Geoghegan, KB (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA USA. FU DMEA; DoD SMART FX The authors would like recognize the contributions of A. J. Sandhu, T. J. Shepherd, J. Lloyd, K Mangat, and D. Flowers at the Defense Microelectronics Activity (DMEA) in support of this work and the generous support of the DMEA and the DoD SMART program. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-8841 BN 978-1-4673-2752-7; 978-1-4673-2749-7 J9 INT INTEG REL WRKSP PY 2012 BP 199 EP 202 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BFE19 UT WOS:000319340400055 ER PT S AU Lewis, TG Darken, RP Mackin, T Dudenhoeffer, D AF Lewis, Ted G. Darken, Rudolph P. Mackin, Thomas Dudenhoeffer, Donald BE Flammini, F TI Model-based risk analysis for critical infrastructures SO CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECURITY: ASSESSMENT, PREVENTION, DETECTION, RESPONSE SE WIT Transactions on State of the Art in Science and Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Critical Infrastructure; Risk; Probabilistic Risk Assessment; Network Science; Optimal Risk Reduction; System Risk; Risk Minimization; Attacker-Defender Model; Stackelberg Game ID COMPLEX NETWORKS AB This chapter describes a risk-informed decision-making process for analysing and protecting large-scale critical infrastructure and key resource (CI/KR) systems, and a Model-Based Risk Analysis (MBRA) tool for modelling risk, quantifying it and optimally allocating fixed resources to reduce system vulnerability. MBRA is one of the first tools to adopt a systems approach to risk-informed decision-making. It applies network science metrics, height, degree, betweeness and contagiousness to a network of interdependent infrastructure assets across multiple sectors. Resource allocation is applied across entire networks to reduce risk and to determine threat, vulnerability and consequence values using Stackelberg game theory. MBRA is compared with non-network assessment tools: CARVER, Maritime Security Risk Analysis Model (MSRAM) and Knowledge Display and Aggregation System (KDAS) - three leading infrastructure analysis tools currently in use by practitioners. MBRA has been used successfully to model a variety of sectors, ranging from water, power, energy and telecommunications to transportation. C1 [Lewis, Ted G.; Darken, Rudolph P.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Ctr Homeland Def & Secur, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Mackin, Thomas] CalPoly Univ, Dept Mech Engn, San Luis Obispo, CA 93402 USA. [Dudenhoeffer, Donald] Prior 5 Holdings Inc, Boston, MA 02109 USA. RP Lewis, TG (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Ctr Homeland Def & Secur, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU WIT PRESS PI SOUTHAMPTON PA ASHURST LODGE, SOUTHAMPTON SO40 7AA, ASHURST, ENGLAND SN 1755-8336 BN 978-1-84564-562-5 J9 WIT T STATE ART SCI PY 2012 VL 54 BP 3 EP 19 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BEZ50 UT WOS:000318898700002 ER PT S AU Rowe, NC Reed, AA Schwamm, R Cho, J Flores, JJ Das, A AF Rowe, Neil C. Reed, Ahren A. Schwamm, Riqui Cho, Jeehee Flores, Jose J. Das, Arijit BE Flammini, F TI Networks of simple sensors for detecting emplacement of improvised explosive devices SO CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECURITY: ASSESSMENT, PREVENTION, DETECTION, RESPONSE SE WIT Transactions on State of the Art in Science and Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Improvised Explosive Device; IED; Emplacement; Sensors; Networks; Suspicion; Terrain; Probability; Anomaly AB Detection of improvised explosive devices is difficult and requires a wide spectrum of strategies. Detection during emplacement is the best hope. Nonimaging sensors provide several advantages over cameras in expense, robustness, and processing simplicity for this task. We describe experiments with inexpensive commercial sensors and show how data can be combined to provide monitoring for suspicious pedestrian behavior at a 1-10 meter scale. Our approach preanalyzes terrain to rate likelihood of emplacement. We install sensors and monitor the terrain, seeking direct clues to suspicious behavior such as loitering and odd sounds such as excavation. We also use sensor data to track people by inferring their probability distributions and use this to detect significant accelerations and atypical velocity vectors, both of which can indicate suspicious behavior. We describe experiments we have conducted with a prototype sensor network of eight kinds of sensors, from which it appears that motion and sonar sensors are the most helpful for this task. C1 [Rowe, Neil C.; Reed, Ahren A.; Schwamm, Riqui; Cho, Jeehee; Flores, Jose J.; Das, Arijit] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Rowe, NC (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WIT PRESS PI SOUTHAMPTON PA ASHURST LODGE, SOUTHAMPTON SO40 7AA, ASHURST, ENGLAND SN 1755-8336 BN 978-1-84564-562-5 J9 WIT T STATE ART SCI PY 2012 VL 54 BP 233 EP 246 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BEZ50 UT WOS:000318898700016 ER PT S AU Haverhals, LM Foley, MP Brown, EK Fox, DM De Long, HC Trulove, PC AF Haverhals, Luke M. Foley, Matthew P. Brown, E. Kate Fox, Douglas M. De Long, Hugh C. Trulove, Paul C. BE Visser, AE Bridges, NJ Rogers, RD TI Natural Fiber Welding: Ionic Liquid Facilitated Biopolymer Mobilization and Reorganization SO IONIC LIQUIDS: SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Ionic Liquids - Science and Applications / 243rd National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 25-29, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Ind & Engn Chem, Amer Chem Soc ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SILICATE NANOCOMPOSITES; CELLULOSE COMPOSITES; DISSOLUTION; SILK; POLYMER; FLAMMABILITY; SOLVENTS; C-13 AB In this report, we discuss "natural fiber welding" - an ionic liquid-based methodology that enables the generation of complex, functionalized composites from natural fibrous materials. A unique feature of fiber welding is the ability to selectively open and mobilize biopolymer structures while simultaneously preserving a portion of the biopolymer (micro and meso structures) in the native state. By precisely regulating process variables such as the purity, type, amount, and placement of ionic liquid solvent as well as the duration and temperature of treatment, controlled reorganization of natural material hydrogen bonding networks is achieved. The end result is often dramatic enhancement and modification of physical and chemical properties without disruption to many desirable properties intrinsic to natural materials. C1 [Haverhals, Luke M.; Foley, Matthew P.; Brown, E. Kate; Trulove, Paul C.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Fox, Douglas M.] Amer Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [De Long, Hugh C.] Air Force Off Sci Res, Directorate Math & Life Sci, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Haverhals, LM (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM trulove@usna.edu FU US Air Force Office of Scientific Research; US Naval Academy FX We are grateful to the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research and US Naval Academy for funding portions of this work. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this work are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the US Air Force or the US Navy. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2763-7 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2012 VL 1117 BP 145 EP + PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA BFA68 UT WOS:000319021900006 ER PT J AU Macera, CA Aralis, HJ MacGregor, AJ Rauh, MJ Galarneau, MR AF Macera, Caroline A. Aralis, Hilary J. MacGregor, Andrew J. Rauh, Mitchell J. Galarneau, Michael R. TI Postdeployment symptom changes and traumatic brain injury and/or posttraumatic stress disorder in men SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE blasts; deployment; males; military; odds ratio; percent change; Post-Deployment Health Assessment; posttraumatic stress disorder; symptoms; traumatic brain injury ID HEALTH PROBLEMS; IRAQ; MILITARY; AFGHANISTAN; DEPLOYMENT; VETERANS; CARE; CHALLENGES; OUTCOMES; PROGRAM AB In Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom, blast-related injuries associated with combat are frequent and can result in traumatic brain injury (TBI) symptoms that may be difficult to distinguish from psychological problems. Using data from the Post-Deployment Health Assessment and Reassessment, we identified 12,046 male U.S. Navy sailors and Marines with reported combat exposure from 2008 to 2009. Symptoms potentially associated with blast-related TBI and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) that were reported immediately after deployment were compared with symptoms present several months later. Our study supports others that have found that subjects with blast-related injuries may experience the development or worsening of symptoms during the months following deployment. Additionally, our study found that those who screened positive for PTSD and TBI formed a unique group, with the presence of TBI exacerbating development of PTSD symptoms at reassessment. Providers should recognize the late development of symptoms, consider the possibility of comorbidity, and be prepared to treat multiple symptoms rather than a specific diagnostic category. C1 [Macera, Caroline A.; Aralis, Hilary J.; Rauh, Mitchell J.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Warfighter Performance Dept, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [MacGregor, Andrew J.; Galarneau, Michael R.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Med Modeling Simulat & Mission Support Dept, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Aralis, HJ (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Warfighter Performance Dept, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM Hilary.Aralis@gmail.com RI Schueter, nicos/A-3625-2014 FU U.S. Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery [60818] FX This material was based on work supported by the U.S. Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, under Work Unit No. 60818. NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 6 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PY 2012 VL 49 IS 8 BP 1197 EP 1208 DI 10.1682/JRRD.2011.07.0131 PG 12 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 149FA UT WOS:000319303200007 PM 23341312 ER PT S AU Dolk, D Granat, J AF Dolk, Daniel Granat, Janusz BE Dolk, D Granat, J TI Modeling for Decision Support in Network-Based Services SO MODELING FOR DECISION SUPPORT IN NETWORK-BASED SERVICES: THE APPLICATION OF QUANTITATIVE MODELING TO SERVICE SCIENCE SE Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Conference of the IFIP Working Group 7.6 on Advanced Analytics CY AUG 29-31, 2012 CL Aachen, GERMANY DE Network-based services; decision support; modeling; optimization; knowledge science AB In this introduction to the book, we discuss our current motivation for modeling and optimization applications involving network-based services. Our conceptual model of service science management and engineering (SSME) as the basis for better understanding network-based services embraces the confluence of network science, computational and analytical modeling, knowledge science and decision support. We segment the contributed articles into these four categories and provide a capsule summary of each paper. C1 [Dolk, Daniel] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Informat Sci, Fac Elect, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Granat, Janusz] Warsaw Univ Technol, Inst Control & Computat Engn, Warsaw, Poland. [Granat, Janusz] Natl Inst Telecommun Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. RP Dolk, D (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Informat Sci, Fac Elect, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM drdolk@nps.edu; J.Granat@itl.waw.pl RI Granat, Janusz/G-2812-2015 OI Granat, Janusz/0000-0003-3130-5555 NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1865-1348 BN 978-3-642-27611-8; 978-3-642-27612-5 J9 LECT NOTES BUS INF P PY 2012 VL 42 BP 1 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BFD23 UT WOS:000319240600001 ER PT S AU Bui, T Dolk, D Gachet, A Sebastian, HJ AF Bui, Tung Dolk, Daniel Gachet, Alexandre Sebastian, Hans-Juergen BE Dolk, D Granat, J TI Virtual Environments for Computational and Analytical Modeling: A Telemedicine Application SO MODELING FOR DECISION SUPPORT IN NETWORK-BASED SERVICES: THE APPLICATION OF QUANTITATIVE MODELING TO SERVICE SCIENCE SE Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Conference of the IFIP Working Group 7.6 on Advanced Analytics CY AUG 29-31, 2012 CL Aachen, GERMANY DE Information Systems Modeling; simulation and decision support; service system; SSME; virtual environments; telemedicine ID SYSTEMS AB Virtualization is commonly known in computer science as an abstraction technique of computer resources physical platforms and resources - so that applications or end-users can seamlessly interact with these resources without the needs to deal with physical requirements. Going beyond the simulation of computer environments and resources, this paper proposes a paradigm for designing complex information systems based upon the concept of virtual modeling. The idea is to allow modelers use a virtual environment that is composed of real modeling platforms to replicate complex real problems, and explore new and virtual problems that might have high potential for real life applications. Modeling here is not just an effort to find (new) solutions to an existing problem, rather it is also a discovery process seeking to create new (problems). We see this approach as vital in addressing the applications emerging from service science, management and engineering (SSME), which will rely upon computational modeling approaches as much, if not more, than traditional supply-chain based analytical modeling. We illustrate our design methodology with a telemedicine application using Brahms, a multi-agent programming language developed by the NASA. C1 [Bui, Tung; Gachet, Alexandre] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Dolk, Daniel] Naval Postgraduate Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Sebastian, Hans-Juergen] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Deutsch Post Chair Optimizat Distribut Networks, Aachen, Germany. RP Bui, T (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM Tung.Bui@hawaii.edu; drdolk@nps.edu; Gachet@hawaii.edu; Sebastian@or.rwth-aachen.de NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1865-1348 BN 978-3-642-27611-8; 978-3-642-27612-5 J9 LECT NOTES BUS INF P PY 2012 VL 42 BP 169 EP + PG 4 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BFD23 UT WOS:000319240600008 ER PT B AU Burrage, D Wesson, J Wang, D Garrison, J Quindara, N Ganoe, G Katzberg, S AF Burrage, Derek Wesson, Joel Wang, David Garrison, James Quindara, Nicole Ganoe, George Katzberg, Stephen GP IEEE TI Airborne Observation of Ocean Surface Roughness Variations Using a Combination of Microwave Radiometer and Reflectometer Systems The Second Virginia Offshore (Virgo II) Experiment SO 2012 WORKSHOP ON REFLECTOMETRY USING GNSS AND OTHER SIGNALS OF OPPORTUNITY (GNSS+R) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Reflectometry Using GNSS and Other Signals of Opportunity (GNSS+R) CY OCT 10-11, 2012 CL Purdue Univ, West Lafayette, IN SP Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm (NASA), Inst Elect & Elect Engineers-Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc (IEEE-GRSS), Int Assoc Geodesy (IAG) Sub-Commiss 4.6 HO Purdue Univ DE sea surface salinity; sea surface roughness; microwave radiometry and reflectometry; brightness temperatures; bi-static radar; delay Doppler map ID SALINITY; WATER; MODEL AB Airborne and satellite retrieval of Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) using L-band microwave radiometers requires accurate corrections for the influence of wind-induced Sea Surface Roughness (SSR) on the retrievals. We describe an airborne experiment, Virgo II, that combined an L-band microwave radiometer for retrieving SSS, with L- and S-band reflectometer systems for retrieving SSR descriptors including Mean Square Slope (MSS) and Wind Speed (WS) under a range of surface wind and wave conditions. The research objective is to use the SSR descriptors derived from the reflectometers to correct the brightness temperatures observed by the L-band radiometer, and produce more accurate SSS retrievals. Here we describe our experimental investigations to assess the feasibility of this approach. Preliminary comparisons of WS data retrieved from the reflectometers with coincident WS data from in situ platforms and an atmospheric circulation model indicate that after correcting for apparent biases, the reflectometry-derived SSR descriptors could, indeed, provide reliable corrections for the L- band radiometer salinity retrieval. C1 [Burrage, Derek; Wesson, Joel; Wang, David] USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Garrison, James; Quindara, Nicole] Purdue Univ, Radio Nav Lab, W Lafayette, IN USA. [Ganoe, George; Katzberg, Stephen] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA USA. RP Burrage, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM derek.burrage@nrlssc.navy.mil; jgarriso@ecn.purdue.edu; Stephen.j.katzberg@nasa.gov FU Rick Aviation Inc. (Newport News, VA) FX The expert support of Rick Aviation Inc. (Newport News, VA) for aircraft operations is gratefully acknowledged. Philip Chu of NRL provided COAMPS data. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-2883-8; 978-1-4673-2884-5 PY 2012 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BEZ72 UT WOS:000318915700008 ER PT J AU Siegel, PH Alberti, S Williams, DF Shaw, S Beigang, R Davies, AG East, J Gallerano, GP Grossman, EN Jepsen, PU Kawase, K Koch, M Llombart, N Mehdi, I Park, GS Walker, C AF Siegel, Peter H. Alberti, Stefano Williams, Dylan F. Shaw, Sharri Beigang, Rene Davies, A. Giles East, Jack Gallerano, Gian Piero Grossman, Erich N. Jepsen, Peter Uhd Kawase, Kodo Koch, Martin Llombart, Nuria Mehdi, Imran Park, Gun-Sik Walker, Christopher TI Untitled SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TERAHERTZ SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Siegel, Peter H.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Alberti, Stefano] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Williams, Dylan F.] NIST, Electromagnet Fields Div, Boulder, CO USA. [Shaw, Sharri] Aquinas Coll, Grand Rapids, MI USA. [Beigang, Rene] Univ Kaiserslautern, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany. [Davies, A. Giles] Univ Leeds, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. [East, Jack] Univ Michigan, Elect Engn & Comp Sci Dept, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Gallerano, Gian Piero] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Hannover, Germany. [Grossman, Erich N.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX USA. [Jepsen, Peter Uhd] Univ Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. [Kawase, Kodo] RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan. [Mehdi, Imran] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Park, Gun-Sik] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Siegel, PH (reprint author), Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-342X J9 IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN JI IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 2 IS 1 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1109/TTHZ.2011.2178650 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 141ZP UT WOS:000318765500001 ER PT S AU Xu, N Cai, GW Kang, W Chen, BM AF Xu, Nathan Cai, Guowei Kang, Wei Chen, Ben M. GP IEEE TI Minimum-Time Trajectory Planning for Helicopter UAVs using Computational Dynamic Optimization SO PROCEEDINGS 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS (SMC) SE IEEE International Conference on Systems Man and Cybernetics Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC) CY OCT 14-17, 2012 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Soc (SMC), IEEE, Korea Univ, Korean Soc Cognit Sci (KSCS), Korean Inst Informat Scientists and Engineers Soc Computat Intelligence (KSCI), Hi Seoul, Korea Tourism Org, Asian Off Aerosp Res and Dev (AOARD), Natl Res Fdn Korea (NRF), World Class Univ, Korea Univ, WCU Res Div Brain and Cognit Engn DE Minimum-time control; Helicopter UAV; computational optimal control; obstacle avoidance ID PSEUDOSPECTRAL METHODS; CONVERGENCE AB In this paper, we apply pseudospectral optimal control, a computational algorithm of dynamic optimization, to the problem of helicopter UAV for minimum-time trajectory planning in the presence of obstacles. The problem is formulated as a nonlinear optimal control subject to the dynamics and limitations of helicopter UAVs, in which the obstacles are formulated as inequality constraints by using p-norms. The dynamical system is defined by a set of fifteen states nonlinear differential equations developed for HeLion, a helicopter UAV constructed in National University of Singapore (NUS). The problem does not have an analytic solution. We numerically solve the problem using a pseudospectral method. Various terrain scenarios were tested, from a single obstacle to multiple obstacles. We found bifurcation points of minimum-time trajectories near obstacles. The bifurcation points and their relationship with the distance to the obstacle are analyzed. C1 [Xu, Nathan] USN, Summer Intern Program, Dept Appl Math, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Xu, N (reprint author), USN, Summer Intern Program, Dept Appl Math, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. EM nxu@stevensonschool.org; tslcaig@nus.edu.sg; wkang@nps.edu; bmchen@nus.edu.sg OI Chen, Ben M./0000-0002-3839-5787 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1062-922X BN 978-1-4673-1714-6 J9 IEEE SYS MAN CYBERN PY 2012 BP 2732 EP 2737 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BEJ33 UT WOS:000316869202148 ER PT S AU Martinson, E Lawson, W Blisard, S Harrison, A Trafton, G AF Martinson, E. Lawson, W. Blisard, S. Harrison, A. Trafton, G. GP IEEE Robotics Society of Japan TI Fighting Fires with Human Robot Teams SO 2012 IEEE/RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS (IROS) SE IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE\RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) CY OCT 07-12, 2012 CL Algarve, PORTUGAL SP IEEE Robot & Automat Soc (RAS), IEEE Ind Elect Soc (IES), Robot Soc Japan (RSJ), Soc Instrument & Control Engineers (SICE), New technol Fdn (NTF), Inst Control Robot & Syst (ICROS), IEEE, Adept MobileRobots, Willow Garage, Aldebaran Robot, Natl Instruments, Reflexxes GmbH, Schunk Intec S L U AB This video submission demonstrates cooperative human-robot firefighting. A human team leader guides the robot to the fire using a combination of speech and gesture. C1 [Martinson, E.; Lawson, W.; Blisard, S.; Harrison, A.; Trafton, G.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Martinson, E (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM eric.martinson.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; ed.lawson@nrl.navy.mil; sam.blisard@nrl.navy.mil; tony.harrison@nrl.navy.mil; greg.trafton@nrl.navy.mil NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-0858 BN 978-1-4673-1736-8 J9 IEEE INT C INT ROBOT PY 2012 BP 2682 EP 2683 PG 2 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Robotics GA BEK21 UT WOS:000317042703040 ER PT S AU Yau, J Chung, TH AF Yau, Joses Chung, Timothy H. GP IEEE Robotics Society of Japan TI Search-theoretic and Ocean Models for Localizing Drifting Objects SO 2012 IEEE/RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS (IROS) SE IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE\RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) CY OCT 07-12, 2012 CL Algarve, PORTUGAL SP IEEE Robot & Automat Soc (RAS), IEEE Ind Elect Soc (IES), Robot Soc Japan (RSJ), Soc Instrument & Control Engineers (SICE), New technol Fdn (NTF), Inst Control Robot & Syst (ICROS), IEEE, Adept MobileRobots, Willow Garage, Aldebaran Robot, Natl Instruments, Reflexxes GmbH, Schunk Intec S L U AB This paper investigates the combined use of ocean models, such as idealized surface current flows, and search models, including expanding area and discrete myopic search methods, to improve the probability of detecting a near-surface, drifting object over time. Enhanced search effectiveness is facilitated by the use of robotic search agents, such as a tactical unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), leveraging simulation methods to inform the search process. The presented work investigates the impact of using naive vs. optimized search patterns on localizing a drifting object, including a surrogate ocean model using idealized flow with Weibull-distributed perturbations. Numerical studies and extensive analysis using different permutations of model parameters (including the relative speed of the drifting object, time late in the searcher's arrival to the search area, sensor sweep width, and duration of the search mission) identify the significant factors affecting the overall probability of detection. Such insights enable further explorations using empirical datasets for specific oceanographic regions of interest. C1 [Yau, Joses] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Yau, J (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM myau@nps.edu; thchung@nps.edu NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-0858 BN 978-1-4673-1736-8 J9 IEEE INT C INT ROBOT PY 2012 BP 4749 EP 4755 PG 7 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Robotics GA BEK21 UT WOS:000317042705052 ER PT S AU Parker, JF Cheek, GT Roeper, DF O'Grady, WE AF Parker, J. F. Cheek, G. T. Roeper, D. F. O'Grady, W. E. BE Trulove, PC DeLong, HC Mantz, RA TI Electronic Absorption and Voltammetric Analysis of Ni(II) Coordination in the Room Temperature Ionic Liquid 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidizolium Chloride/Aluminum Chloride SO PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL ELECTROCHEMISTRY IN IONIC LIQUIDS 2 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry in Ionic Liquids 2 held during the 220th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY OCT 09-14, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry ID MOLTEN ALUMINUM-CHLORIDE; TETRAHEDRAL NICL4= ION; NICKEL CHLORIDE; SILICATE MELTS; METAL IONS; LICL-KCL; SPECTRA; ELECTRODEPOSITION; BEHAVIOR; SALT AB The coordination chemistry of Ni(II) in the ionic liquid aluminum chloride : 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride (EMIC) has been determined using visible absorption spectrophotometry. By dissolving nickel chloride (NiCl2) in Lewis acidic and basic ionic liquids and observing the resultant spectra and voltammetric information, one can determine the coordination and electron-transfer properties of Ni(II) at the various acidities. The optical data indicate the formation of tetrahedral NiCl42- in the ionic liquid with excess EMIC (basic melt, N-AlCl3 < 0.5) with absorption maxima at 659 and 707 nm. In acidic melts (N-AlCl3 > 0.5), the wavelength of maximum absorbance shifts to 462 nm. This dramatic change in the visible spectrum is indicative of a change in the coordination of Ni(II) from tetrahedral (basic) to octahedral (acidic) geometry, changes which are mirrored in the cyclic voltammetry data of the same samples. Studies in the neutral melt are also presented here. C1 [Parker, J. F.; O'Grady, W. E.] USN, Res Lab, Code 6130, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cheek, G. T.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Roeper, D. F.] CEXCET Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. RP Parker, JF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6130, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research; National Research Council (NRC) FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Office of Naval Research and the National Research Council (NRC). J.P. also thanks James Wynne and Jeffrey Lundin for the use of the Agilent UV-Vis system. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 15 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-335-3; 978-1-56677-976-0 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2012 VL 41 IS 36 BP 23 EP 33 DI 10.1149/1.4703919 PG 11 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BEW49 UT WOS:000318405300004 ER PT S AU Cheek, GT AF Cheek, G. T. BE Trulove, PC DeLong, HC Mantz, RA TI Voltammetric Investigations of the Fries Rearrangement in an Ionic Liquid SO PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL ELECTROCHEMISTRY IN IONIC LIQUIDS 2 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry in Ionic Liquids 2 held during the 220th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY OCT 09-14, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry AB The electrochemical behavior of phenyl benzoate (PB) in the neutral AlCl3 : 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid has been studied. Addition of HfCl4 to phenyl benzoate in this medium produces a positive potential shift for the phenyl benzoate reduction process. Heating the solution to 80 degrees C for 30 hours gives 4-hydroxybenzophenone as the major product. Cyclic voltammetric studies show that HfCl4 reacts with the ionic liquid to produce relatively small amounts of Al2Cl7-, so that HfCl4 is still the principal Lewis acid in this system. Comparison studies using added AlCl3 in place of HfCl4 show similar behavior, with a somewhat different potential shift for the AlCl3 : PB interaction. C1 USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Cheek, GT (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-335-3 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2012 VL 41 IS 36 BP 35 EP 41 DI 10.1149/1.4703920 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BEW49 UT WOS:000318405300005 ER PT J AU Khan, F Legler, PM Mease, RM Duncan, EH Bergmann-Leitner, ES Angov, E AF Khan, Farhat Legler, Patricia M. Mease, Ryan M. Duncan, Elizabeth H. Bergmann-Leitner, Elke S. Angov, Evelina TI Histidine affinity tags affect MSP1(42) structural stability and immunodominance in mice SO BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Histidine tag; Immune deviation; Immunodominance; Neo-epitope; Protein structure ID MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-1; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; RECOMBINANT PROTEINS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FINE-SPECIFICITY; SERUM ANTIBODIES; MALARIA VACCINE; TAGGED PROTEIN; BINDING-SITE AB Inclusion of affinity tags has greatly facilitated process development for protein antigens, primarily for their recovery from complex mixtures. Although generally viewed as supportive of product development, affinity tags may have unintended consequences on protein solubility, susceptibility to aggregation, and immunogenicity. Merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1), an erythrocytic stage protein of Plasmodium falciparum and a candidate malaria vaccine, was used to evaluate the impact of a metal ion affinity-tag on both protein structure and the induction of immunity. To this end, codon harmonized gene sequences from the P. falciparum MSP1(42) of FVO and 3D7 parasites were cloned and purified with and without a histidine (His) tag. We report on the influence of His-affinity tags on protein expression levels, solubility, secondary structure, thermal denaturation, aggregation and the impact on humoral and cellular immune responses in mice. While the overall immunogenicity induced by His-tagged MSP1(42) proteins is greater, the fine specificity of the humoral and cellular immune responses is altered relative to anti-parasitic antibody activity and the breadth of T-cell responses. Thus, the usefulness of protein tags may be outweighed by their potential impact on structure and function, stressing the need for caution in their use. C1 [Khan, Farhat; Mease, Ryan M.; Duncan, Elizabeth H.; Bergmann-Leitner, Elke S.; Angov, Evelina] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Mil Malaria Res Program, Malaria Vaccine Branch, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Legler, Patricia M.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Angov, E (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Mil Malaria Res Program, Malaria Vaccine Branch, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Evelina.angov@us.army.mil RI Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/B-3548-2011 OI Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/0000-0002-8571-8956 FU U.S. Agency for International Development [936-3118, GHA-T-00-08-00007-01]; United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command FX We thank Dr. Carissa M. Soto at the Naval Research Laboratories for assistance and use of the NanoSight particle tracking system. This work was supported by the U.S. Agency for International Development under project number 936-3118, award number GHA-T-00-08-00007-01, and by the United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command. NR 56 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1860-6768 J9 BIOTECHNOL J JI Biotechnol. J. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 7 IS 1 SI SI BP 133 EP 147 DI 10.1002/biot.201100331 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 133PS UT WOS:000318151900006 PM 22076863 ER PT B AU Rue, JPH Dickens, JF Kilcoyne, KG AF Rue, John-Paul H. Dickens, Jonathan F. Kilcoyne, Kelly G. BE Ma, CB Feeley, BT TI MANAGEMENT OF THE BICEPS TENDON IN THE SETTING OF ROTATOR CUFF TEARS SO BASIC PRINCIPLES AND OPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF THE ROTATOR CUFF LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LONG-HEAD; FOLLOW-UP; SUBSCAPULARIS TENDON; IMPINGEMENT SYNDROME; ARTHROSCOPIC REPAIR; SLAP LESIONS; ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS; GLENOHUMERAL JOINT; INTERFERENCE SCREW; PROSPECTIVE COHORT C1 [Rue, John-Paul H.] USN Acad, Dept Orthoped Surg & Sports Med, Naval Hlth Clin Annapolis, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Rue, John-Paul H.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Dickens, Jonathan F.; Kilcoyne, Kelly G.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med, Dept Orthoped, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Rue, JPH (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Orthoped Surg & Sports Med, Naval Hlth Clin Annapolis, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 86 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE ROAD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086-9447 USA BN 978-1-61711-004-7 PY 2012 BP 223 EP 241 PG 19 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA BEI55 UT WOS:000316713000018 ER PT S AU Hackman, C Matsakis, D AF Hackman, Christine Matsakis, Demetrios GP IEEE TI Precision and Accuracy of USNO GPS Carrier Phase Time Transfer: 2012 Update SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM (FCS) SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS) CY MAY 21-24, 2012 CL Baltimore, MD SP IEEE, UFFC AB The United States Naval Observatory (USNO) produces GPS carrier-phase time-transfer (GPSCPTT) estimates for approximately 100 receiver clocks daily. All estimates are available with 16-h latency; a subset of approximately 34 are available every 6 h with 3-h latency plus 24 h of predictions. The once-per-day post-processed estimates are referred to as. rapids. (USR); the four-times-per/day estimates/predictions are referred to as. ultra-rapids. (USU). The ultra-rapids are suitable for real-time applications. We investigate the uncertainty of USR and the first 6 h of USU predictions by comparing them to four weeks of IGS Final Clock solutions along 4-6 timing links. No day-boundary discontinuities (DBDs) were removed. USR exhibited a 60-100 ps RMS difference and a few to tens of picoseconds time stability with respect to the IGS Finals, supporting an estimate of 125 ps USR standalone time stability. White FM characterized the USR-IGS difference for most averaging times observed, with USR-IGS frequency stabilities of 0.9-2.10(-15) at averaging time tau = 1 d. DBD removal would likely improve that value. USU clock predictions exhibited bi-modal performance with respect to IGS Finals, with links to site WES2 exhibiting noticeably worse behavior than links not utilizing it. USU-IGS differences were 139-220 and 470-584 ps RMS. USU-IGS time stabilities of 133 ps or better were observed for non-WES2 links, supporting an estimate of 153 ps time stability for USU clock predictions. Non-WES2 USU-IGS frequency stabilities exhibited 8.10(-1)4 - 8.10(-15) frequency stabilities for tau < 6 h (the prediction length). C1 [Hackman, Christine; Matsakis, Demetrios] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. RP Hackman, C (reprint author), USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. EM christine.hackman@usno.navy.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1075-6787 BN 978-1-4577-1819-9 J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT PY 2012 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BEJ76 UT WOS:000316994400013 ER PT S AU Hanssen, JL Crane, SG Ekstrom, CR AF Hanssen, J. L. Crane, S. G. Ekstrom, C. R. GP IEEE TI One-Way Two-Color Fiber Link for Frequency Transfer SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM (FCS) SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS) CY MAY 21-24, 2012 CL Baltimore, MD SP IEEE, UFFC AB We discuss our work on two-color one-way frequency transfer over optical fiber. We have expanded on our previous work by extending the wavelength separation by using one channel in the C band at 1553nm and the other channel in the O band at 1310nm. Both wavelengths have low loss and are well suited to use in optical fiber networks. We present measurements of the improved two-color phase delay as a function of temperature and compare that to the actual phase delay brought about by temperature induced length changes in the link. We also show improved closed loop performance of the link, including the dependence on the total length of the link. C1 [Hanssen, J. L.; Crane, S. G.; Ekstrom, C. R.] USN Observ, Time Serv Dept, Washington, DC 20392 USA. RP Hanssen, JL (reprint author), USN Observ, Time Serv Dept, Washington, DC 20392 USA. EM james.hanssen@usno.navy.mil NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1075-6787 BN 978-1-4577-1819-9 J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT PY 2012 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BEJ76 UT WOS:000316994400096 ER PT S AU Peil, S Crane, S Hanssen, J Swanson, TB Ekstrom, CR AF Peil, Steven Crane, Scott Hanssen, James Swanson, Thomas B. Ekstrom, Christopher R. GP IEEE TI An Ensemble of Atomic Fountains SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM (FCS) SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS) CY MAY 21-24, 2012 CL Baltimore, MD SP IEEE, UFFC AB Four rubidium fountains have been in operation for the past 1.2 years at USNO. Individual fountain performance, applications to timekeeping and to tests of Local Position Invariance are presented. C1 [Peil, Steven; Crane, Scott; Hanssen, James; Swanson, Thomas B.; Ekstrom, Christopher R.] USN Observ, Clock Dev Div, Washington, DC 20392 USA. RP Peil, S (reprint author), USN Observ, Clock Dev Div, Washington, DC 20392 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1075-6787 BN 978-1-4577-1819-9 J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT PY 2012 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BEJ76 UT WOS:000316994400092 ER PT S AU Yamamoto, KK Vecherin, SN Wilson, DK Borden, CT Bettencourt, E Pettit, CL AF Yamamoto, Kenneth K. Vecherin, Sergey N. Wilson, D. Keith Borden, Christian T. Bettencourt, Elizabeth Pettit, Chris L. BE Pritchard, DA TI General Software for Multimodal Signal Modeling and Optimal Sensor Placement Environmental Awareness for Sensor and Emitter Employment (EASEE) SO 46TH ANNUAL 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CARNAHAN CONFERENCE ON SECURITY TECHNOLOGY SE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST) CY OCT 15-18, 2012 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, Chung Shan Inst Sci, IEEE Aerosp & Elect Syst Soc (AESS), Natl Cent Univ, Sandia Natl Labs, Volpe Ctr, FLIR, US Amer, Dept Transformat DE intrusion detection; sensors; surveillance; signal modeling; environmental effects; decision-support tool; homeland security; mission planning; battlefield command and control (C2); object-oriented programming ID CONCENTRATION FLUCTUATIONS; SOUND-PROPAGATION; PLUMES AB The Environmental Awareness for Sensor and Emitter Employment (EASEE) software is designed to help in surveillance planning by predicting detection performance of sensors and optimizing sensor selection and placement for intrusion detection around any controlled area, including power plants, dams, borders, prisons, military bases, combat outposts, etc. By its flexible, object-oriented software architecture, EASEE can simulate the performance of a wide variety of sensor modalities-including optical, acoustic, seismic, magnetic, radio-frequency, chemical, and biological-in the realistic terrain and weather conditions of the surveillance environment. EASEE characterizes complex terrain and weather effects on target signatures, signal propagation, and sensor systems, using an expansive library of realistic physics models. Statistical methodologies are also used to account for uncertainties from random signal-generation and propagation mechanisms. A built-in sensor placement algorithm optimizes sensor selections and placements based on sensor supply limitations, coverage priorities, overlapping sensor coverage preferences, and wireless sensor communication requirements. C1 [Yamamoto, Kenneth K.; Vecherin, Sergey N.; Wilson, D. Keith] USA, ERDC CRREL, Hanover, NH 02420 USA. [Borden, Christian T.; Bettencourt, Elizabeth] AER Inc, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. [Pettit, Chris L.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Yamamoto, KK (reprint author), USA, ERDC CRREL, Hanover, NH 02420 USA. EM Kenneth.K.Yamamoto@usace.army.mil RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 FU U.S. Army ERDC Geospatial Research and Engineering; Military Engineering; ASA(ALT) Deployable Force Protection S&T Program Leaders Mission Planning Tool (LMPT); Postgraduate Research Participation Program at the U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL); Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE); U.S. Department of Energy; CRREL FX Funding for this effort was provided by the U.S. Army ERDC Geospatial Research and Engineering, and Military Engineering business areas, and by the ASA(ALT) Deployable Force Protection S&T Program Leaders Mission Planning Tool (LMPT) project. Development of the EASEE- Raptor interface described in Section V is part of the LMPT project, which is led by the U.S. Army Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate. Dr. Vecherin's work was performed during an appointment to the Postgraduate Research Participation Program at the U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) administrated by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and CRREL. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1071-6572 BN 978-1-4673-2451-9 J9 INT CARN CONF SECU PY 2012 BP 66 EP 77 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BEJ66 UT WOS:000316952800010 ER PT S AU Lock, EH North, SH Wojciechowski, J Taitt, CR Walton, SG AF Lock, E. H. North, S. H. Wojciechowski, J. Taitt, C. R. Walton, S. G. BE Vaseashta, A Braman, E Susmann, P TI Exploring the Mechanism of Biomolecule Immobilization on Plasma-Treated Polymer Substrates Biomolecule Immobilization on Plasma-Treated Polymer SO TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS IN SENSING AND DETECTION OF CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, NUCLEAR THREATS AND ECOLOGICAL TERRORISM SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series A-Chemistry and Biology LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Technological Innovations in Detection and Sensing of Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear Threats and Ecological Terrorism CY JUN 06-17, 2010 CL Chisinau, MOLDOVA SP NATO Adv Study Inst ID BEAM-GENERATED PLASMAS; SURFACE AB An electron beam-generated plasma source developed at NRL was used to modify polystyrene microtitre plates. A combination of complementary surface analytical and biochemical techniques was applied to evaluate the relationship between the biotic and abiotic layers, with particular emphasis on the efficiency of the preparation of polymer surfaces and its effectiveness for bioimmobilization. We conclude that the development of novel interface materials with superior transducing capabilities is dependent on the deeper understanding of the complex physicochemical, nanoscale interactions between the substrate surface and the biological components attached to it. C1 [Lock, E. H.; Walton, S. G.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [North, S. H.; Wojciechowski, J.; Taitt, C. R.] US Naval Acad, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC USA. RP Lock, EH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM evgeniya.lock@nrl.navy.mil FU Joint Science & Technology Office for Chemical & Biological Defense/ Defense Threat Reduction Agency; Offi ce of Naval Research FX J. W. is recipient of an American Society of Engineering Education postdoctoral fellowship. This work is funded by Joint Science & Technology Office for Chemical & Biological Defense/ Defense Threat Reduction Agency and the Offi ce of Naval Research. The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not represent the opinions of the U. S. Navy, the U. S. Department of Defense, or the U. S. government. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-6489 BN 978-94-007-2488-4; 978-94-007-2487-7 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC A JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. A-Chem. Biol. PY 2012 BP 237 EP 244 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-2488-4_26 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BEL55 UT WOS:000317232300026 ER PT S AU Bewley, WW Kim, CS Kim, M Merritt, CD Canedy, CL Vurgaftman, I Abell, J Meyer, JR AF Bewley, William W. Kim, Chul Soo Kim, Mijin Merritt, Charles D. Canedy, Chadwick L. Vurgaftman, Igor Abell, Joshua Meyer, Jerry R. GP IEEE TI Epitaxial-Side-Down-Mounted Interband Cascade Lasers SO 2012 23RD IEEE INTERNATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR LASER CONFERENCE (ISLC) SE IEEE International Semiconductor Laser Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd IEEE International Semiconductor Laser Conference (ISLC) CY OCT 07-10, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE C1 [Bewley, William W.; Kim, Chul Soo; Merritt, Charles D.; Canedy, Chadwick L.; Vurgaftman, Igor; Abell, Joshua; Meyer, Jerry R.] US Naval, Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kim, Mijin] Sotera Def Solut, v, MacLean, VA 22102 USA. RP Bewley, WW (reprint author), US Naval, Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2326-5442 BN 978-1-4577-0828-2 J9 IEEE INT SEMICONDUCT PY 2012 BP 26 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BEJ09 UT WOS:000316820100014 ER PT S AU Brutzman, D McGhee, R Davis, D AF Brutzman, Don McGhee, Robert Davis, Duane GP IEEE TI An Implemented Universal Mission Controller with Run Time Ethics Checking for Autonomous Unmanned Vehicles-a UUV Example SO 2012 IEEE/OES AUTONOMOUS UNDERWATER VEHICLES (AUV) SE IEEE OES Autonomous Underwater Vehicles LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/OES Autonomous Underwater Vehicles Conference (AUV) CY SEP 24-27, 2012 CL Southampton, ENGLAND SP Inst Elect and Elect Engineers (IEEE), Oceanic Engn Soc (OES), Natl Oceanog Ctr, KONGSBERG, Hydroid, Ocean Business, RS Aqua, Teledyne RD Instruments, EdgeTech, Seebyte, Sonardyne DE AUV; UUV; autonomous robot control; ethical robot control; Turing machine AB The authors have been involved for several decades in the development and testing of both remotely controlled and autonomous subsea and ground vehicles. This experience has led us to view autonomous mobile robot control problems from both a bottom up and a top down perspective. Specifically, in our work, we have developed and tested a three-level software architecture called Rational Behavior Model (RBM), in which a top (strategic) level mission control finite state machine (FSM) orders the rational execution, at an intermediate (tactical) level, of vehicle behaviors in such a way as to carry out a specified mission. This implementation experience and these principles have led us to believe that human-like intelligence and judgment are not required to achieve a useful operational capability in autonomous mobile robots. Furthermore, we are convinced that a primitive but useful type of robot ethical behavior can also be attained, even in hazardous or military environments, without invoking concepts of artificial intelligence. To support our views, we present a software invention called a mission execution engine (MEE), implemented in the Prolog logic programming language. This MEE can be shown to represent an extension of the idea of a universal Turing machine and is therefore well grounded in existing mathematical automata theory. We further show how human readable mission orders, also written in Prolog, can specialize an MEE to any desired mission control FSM. An important aspect of our work is that mission orders can be tested exhaustively in human executable form before being translated into robot executable form. This provides the kind of transparency and accountability needed for after action review of missions, and possible legal proceedings in case of loss of life or property resulting from errors in mission orders. C1 [Brutzman, Don; McGhee, Robert; Davis, Duane] USN, Postgrad Sch, Modeling Virtual Environm & Simulat MOVES Inst, Monterey, CA USA. RP Brutzman, D (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Modeling Virtual Environm & Simulat MOVES Inst, Monterey, CA USA. EM brutzman@nps.edu; robertbmcghee@gmail.com; dtdavi1@nps.edu NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3167 BN 978-1-4577-2056-7 J9 IEEE AUTO UNDER VEH PY 2012 PG 7 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA BEJ37 UT WOS:000316895100027 ER PT S AU Horner, D Xie, G AF Horner, Douglas Xie, Geoffrey GP IEEE TI Undersea Acoustic Communication Maps for Collaborative Navigation SO 2012 IEEE/OES AUTONOMOUS UNDERWATER VEHICLES (AUV) SE IEEE OES Autonomous Underwater Vehicles LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/OES Autonomous Underwater Vehicles Conference (AUV) CY SEP 24-27, 2012 CL Southampton, ENGLAND SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers (IEEE), Oceanic Engn Soc (OES), Natl Oceanog Ctr, KONGSBERG, Hydroid, Ocean Business, RS Aqua, Teledyne RD Instruments, EdgeTech, Seebyte, Sonardyne AB Communications play a key role in collaborative navigation algorithms. A better understanding of the ability to send and receive messages permits greater navigational flexibility and system robustness. This paper focuses on the building of an underwater acoustic communications map for collaborative navigation. The emphasis is in two areas - a local and global communications map. The local communications is defined with respect to a single destination reference point. Using a sample set of a priori signal to noise ratio acoustic modem data, Kriging techniques are used to create mean and variance map estimates. The global communications map is a compendium of local maps and is defined within a bounded survey space. Bayesian Inferencing is used for building the global map. It is based on REML parameter estimation of an anisotropic covariance function. The paper analyzes acoustic communication signal to noise datasets recently collected in Monterey Harbor, Monterey, CA and is used to demonstrate the above-described techniques. C1 [Horner, Douglas] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Xie, Geoffrey] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Horner, D (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM dphorner@nps.edu; xie@nps.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3167 BN 978-1-4577-2056-7 J9 IEEE AUTO UNDER VEH PY 2012 PG 7 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA BEJ37 UT WOS:000316895100040 ER PT B AU Linderman, MH Chase, G Boury-Brisset, AC Nevitt, J Henley, J Read, R Russell, S Hyden, P AF Linderman, Mark H. Chase, Greg Boury-Brisset, Anne-Claire Nevitt, Justin Henley, Justin Read, Robert Russell, Stephen Hyden, Paul BE Blasch, E Bosse, E Lambert, DA TI The Role of Information Management to Support High-Level Fusion SO HIGH-LEVEL INFORMATION FUSION MANAGEMENT AND SYSTEMS DESIGN SE Artech House Intelligence and Information Operations Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB High-level information fusion (HLIF) processes are critically dependent on quality information sources in order to generate meaningful outcomes. Quality information necessitates the right combination of people, processes, and tools to form an effective information space. This critical task is generally known as Information Management (IM). This chapter overviews IM, discusses IM goals and challenges in a coalition environment, and presents an IM model. The model provides an abstract representation of the important artifacts, actors and services that are required to form an effective IM capability. After a brief exposition of the model, IM best practices are considered. IM issues of particular interest to fusion scenarios are identified, including the information lifecycle that exists between the sensors and information exploitation (IX) systems, interoperability issues, information context, partially structured information, IM as a service, IM workflows, and IM from an agent perspective. C1 [Linderman, Mark H.] USAF, Res Lab, Informat Directorate, Rome, NY 13441 USA. [Chase, Greg] DSTO, Edinburgh, SA 5111, Australia. [Boury-Brisset, Anne-Claire] Def Resarch & Dev Canada Valcartier, Quebec City, PQ G3J 1X5, Canada. [Nevitt, Justin; Russell, Stephen; Hyden, Paul] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Henley, Justin] DSTL, Portsdown West PO17 6AD, Fareham, England. [Read, Robert] DTA, Auckland 0744, New Zealand. RP Linderman, MH (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Informat Directorate, 525Brooks Rd, Rome, NY 13441 USA. EM mark.linderman@rl.af.mil; gregchase@adam.com.au; Anne-Claire.Boury-Brisset@drdc-rddc.gc.ca; justin.nevitt@nrl.navy.mil; JTHENLEY@mail.dstl.gov.uk; r.read@dta.mil.nz; stephen.russell@nrl.navy.mil; paul.hyden@nrl.navy.mil NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARTECH HOUSE PI NORWOOD PA 685 CANTON ST, NORWOOD, MA 02062 USA BN 978-1-60807-151-7 J9 ARTECH HSE INTEL INF PY 2012 BP 105 EP 135 PG 31 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BEL07 UT WOS:000317148000005 ER PT S AU Johannes, MD Hoang, K Allen, JL Gaskell, K AF Johannes, M. D. Khang Hoang Allen, J. L. Gaskell, K. BE Julien, CM Meng, S Zaghib, K Kanno, R TI Formation of small hole polarons in olivine phosphate cathode materials SO INTERCALATION COMPOUNDS FOR RECHARGEA BLE BATTERIES SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Intercalation Compounds for Rechargeable Batteries held during the 220th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS) CY OCT 09-14, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Battery, Energy Technol ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; LITHIUM BATTERIES; BASIS-SET; LICOPO4; CAPACITY; FE AB We investigate small hole polaron formation in olivine phosphate materials, LiMnPO4, LiFePO4, LiCoPO4 and LiNiPO4, using a combination of first principles calculations and experimental XPS spectra. We determine that details of the electronic structure near the Fermi energy, relevant to localization of a hole polaron, are not accurately captured using the standard GGA+U methodology and require a hybrid functional approach. We show that polaron formation is possible in all but the Ni-based compound and discuss the possibility of an electronic instability caused by electron withdrawal during delithiation caused by oxygen evolution. C1 [Johannes, M. D.; Khang Hoang] USN, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Johannes, MD (reprint author), USN, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Hoang, Khang/C-2879-2008 OI Hoang, Khang/0000-0003-1889-0745 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-328-5; 978-1-56677-969-2 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2012 VL 41 IS 29 BP 35 EP 42 DI 10.1149/1.3696682 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BEI36 UT WOS:000316695900006 ER PT S AU Shaw, A Calhoun, RL AF Shaw, A. Calhoun, R. L. BE Mantz, RA Suroviec, A TI Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence with Ruthenium Trisbipyridine and TATP SO PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL ELECTROCHEMISTRY (GENERAL SESSION) - 220TH ECS MEETING SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry General Session held during the 220th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS) CY OCT 09-14, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Phys and Analyt Electrochemistry ID PEROXIDE AB Interaction of the explosive triacetone triperoxide (TATP) with the electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) in acetonitrile was studied. The analyte greatly reduces the light made during the annihilation mechanism yielding ppb level detection. The mechanism is thought to be EEC' during reduction which reduces the light by oxidizing the Ru(bpy)(3)(+) before it can react with Ru(bpy)(3)(3+). C1 [Shaw, A.; Calhoun, R. L.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21412 USA. RP Shaw, A (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21412 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-326-1 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2012 VL 41 IS 27 BP 49 EP 56 DI 10.1149/1.3692523 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BEJ31 UT WOS:000316864800007 ER PT S AU Foley, MP Seo, DM Worosz, CJ Boyle, PD Henderson, WA De Long, HC Trulove, PC AF Foley, M. P. Seo, D. M. Worosz, Christopher J. Boyle, P. D. Henderson, W. A. De Long, H. C. Trulove, P. C. BE Mantz, RA Suroviec, A TI Phase Behavior and Solvation of Lithium Triflate in Ethylene Carbonate SO PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL ELECTROCHEMISTRY (GENERAL SESSION) - 220TH ECS MEETING SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry General Session held during the 220th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS) CY OCT 09-14, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry ID BATTERIES; CATHODE; ION AB Presented here are data describing the phase behavior and solvation of lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiTf) in ethylene carbonate (EC). Data obtained from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses of sample mixtures are correlated to enhance understanding of solvent-salt associations. Thermal analysis by DSC is converted into a binary phase diagram describing the behavior of the solvent-salt interactions. Raman spectroscopy is applied to probe the liquid electrolyte and discover solvent-salt associations in solution. X-ray crystallography reveals that EC-LiTf form a 1:1 aggregated solvate. Raman spectroscopic analysis of mixtures reveals the presence of two aggregated solvates and one contact ion pair. C1 [Foley, M. P.; Worosz, Christopher J.; Trulove, P. C.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Seo, D. M.; Henderson, W. A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Boyle, P. D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [De Long, H. C.] Air Force Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Foley, MP (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-SC0002169, DE-SC0001419] FX The authors wish to express their gratitude to the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering which fully supported this research under Awards DE-SC0002169 and DE-SC0001419. We also wish to thank the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, U.S. Naval Academy and North Carolina State University for personnel. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 8 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-326-1; 978-1-56677-967-8 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2012 VL 41 IS 27 BP 99 EP 105 DI 10.1149/1.3692527 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BEJ31 UT WOS:000316864800011 ER PT S AU Nagareddy, VK Goss, JP Wright, NG Horsfall, AB Hernandez, SC Wheeler, VD Nyakiti, LO Myers-Ward, RL Eddy, CR Walton, SG Gaskill, DK AF Nagareddy, V. K. Goss, J. P. Wright, N. G. Horsfall, A. B. Hernandez, S. C. Wheeler, V. D. Nyakiti, L. O. Myers-Ward, R. L. Eddy, C. R., Jr. Walton, S. G. Gaskill, D. K. GP IEEE TI Oxygen Functionalised Epitaxial Graphene Sensors for Enhanced Polar Organic Chemical Vapour Detection SO 2012 IEEE SENSORS PROCEEDINGS SE IEEE Sensors LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th IEEE Sensors Conference CY OCT 28-31, 2012 CL Taipei, TAIWAN SP IEEE, Sensors Council, Sensirion, Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Nanotechnol & Micro Syst Assoc (NMA), Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Tsinghua Univ, Natl Sci Council, Bur Foreign Trade, Ind Technol Res Inst, Dept Informat & Tourism, Meet Taiwan, Clean Energy Technol (Ce Tech), Phison Elect Corp (PHISON), Everlight, Tong Hsing Elect Ind, Ltd, Natl Ctr High-Performance Comp (NCHC), Natl Appl Res Labs, Minist Foreign Affairs, Natl Program Nano Technol (NPNT) AB Oxygen functionalised epitaxial graphene (OFEG) chemiresistor sensors were fabricated for sensing polar organic analyte vapours in the ambient atmosphere. The electrical characteristics of the sensor showed an increase in resistance to polar protic analytes, whilst the resistance decreased upon exposure to polar aprotic vapours. The OFEG sensors showed a significant increase in response time and an order of magnitude improvement in the recovery time in comparison to non-functionalised epitaxial graphene (NFEG) sensors. A strong correlation between the dipole moment of an analyte and the magnitude of the response was observed, where OFEG sensors showed a large linear increase in the magnitude of response in comparison to a small nonlinear change in resistance for NFEG sensors. C1 [Nagareddy, V. K.; Goss, J. P.; Wright, N. G.; Horsfall, A. B.] Newcastle Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. [Hernandez, S. C.; Wheeler, V. D.; Nyakiti, L. O.; Myers-Ward, R. L.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.; Walton, S. G.; Gaskill, D. K.] US Naval Acad, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Nagareddy, VK (reprint author), Newcastle Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. EM alton.horsfall@newcastle.ac.uk; kurt.gaskill@nrl.navy.mil RI Hernandez, Sandra/C-6724-2013; Wright, Nick/O-1092-2013; Nagareddy, Karthik/F-3380-2014 OI Nagareddy, Karthik/0000-0002-8765-3834 FU BAE Systems Marine; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council ( EPSRC); UK; U. S Naval Research Laboratory Base Program FX This work was supported by BAE Systems Marine, the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council ( EPSRC), UK and the U. S Naval Research Laboratory Base Program. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 12 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-0395 BN 978-1-4577-1766-6; 978-1-4577-1765-9 J9 IEEE SENSOR PY 2012 BP 2126 EP 2129 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Remote Sensing GA BDY72 UT WOS:000315671100509 ER PT J AU Baylog, JG Wettergren, TA AF Baylog, John G. Wettergren, Thomas A. GP IEEE TI Robust Modeling of Navigation Error for UUV Mission Planning SO 2012 OCEANS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE Oceans Conference CY OCT 14-19, 2012 CL Virginia Beach, VA SP IEEE, Marine Technol Soc (MTS), IEEE OES (IEEE/OES) AB In this paper we present an analytical model for incorporating navigational error into a search performance prediction algorithm through the construction of a corresponding utility function. The search space is partitioned into a set of cells over which a utility function formulation is developed for each. The navigational displacement error is assumed to be driven by a Mixed Ornstein Uhlenbeck stochastic process. The evaluation method is based upon our previous work on utility functions as perturbative forms on Bayesian recursion models for search effectiveness modeling with non-trivial dependencies. This paper presents the development of the cell-based probability recursions for the spatially correlated navigational error. From these, a sequential formulation for utility update is developed. C1 [Baylog, John G.; Wettergren, Thomas A.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Baylog, JG (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM john.baylog@navy.mil; t.a.wettergren@ieee.org NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0829-8 PY 2012 PG 9 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDW56 UT WOS:000315350300178 ER PT B AU Clem, TR Sternlicht, DD Fernandez, JE Prater, JL Holtzapple, R Gibson, RP Klose, JP Marston, TM AF Clem, Ted R. Sternlicht, Daniel D. Fernandez, Jose E. Prater, James L. Holtzapple, Richard Gibson, Robert P. Klose, John P. Marston, Timothy M. GP IEEE TI Demonstration of Advanced Sensors for Underwater Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) Detection SO 2012 OCEANS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE Oceans Conference CY OCT 14-19, 2012 CL Virginia Beach, VA SP IEEE, Marine Technol Soc, IEEE Ocean Engn Soc AB The need to detect and localize seabed unexploded ordnance (UXO) at formerly used military test ranges and to discriminate UXO from other natural and man-made objects represents significant technology challenges. The latter discrimination capability, often described as clutter rejection, is very important to minimize unnecessary diver inspections during subsequent operations for UXO removal. Current commercial-off-the-shelf sensors have limited capability to detect UXO and reject clutter. In 2012 advanced sensors developed for mine hunting were fielded for UXO site inspection and shown to demonstrate capability to inspect areas for potential proud and subsurface UXO sized objects. Systems employed include the Office of Naval Research Small Synthetic Aperture MineHunter (SSAM) and the REMUS 600 Buried Mine Identification (BMI) System for shallow water, and the Hydronalix SurfSense Micro Unmanned Surface Vessel (Micro-USV) for the surf zone. C1 [Clem, Ted R.; Sternlicht, Daniel D.; Fernandez, Jose E.; Prater, James L.; Holtzapple, Richard; Gibson, Robert P.; Klose, John P.; Marston, Timothy M.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Panama City Div, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. RP Clem, TR (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Panama City Div, 110 Vernon Ave, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0829-8; 978-1-4673-0830-4 PY 2012 PG 4 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDW56 UT WOS:000315350300343 ER PT B AU Condon, A Veeramony, J AF Condon, Andrew Veeramony, Jay GP IEEE TI Development and Validation of a Coastal Surge and Inundation Prediction System SO 2012 OCEANS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE Oceans Conference CY OCT 14-19, 2012 CL Virginia Beach, VA SP IEEE, Marine Technol Soc, IEEE Ocean Engn Soc DE Storm surge; Inundation; Hydrodynamic modeling; Delft3D; Forecasting ID HIGH WIND SPEEDS; STORM-SURGE; MOMENTUM FLUX; REAL-TIME; MODEL; HURRICANE; DRAG; WAVE; COEFFICIENTS; FORMULATION AB The development and validation of a coastal storm surge and inundation prediction system for operational use by the United States Navy is detailed. The system consists of the Delft3D-FLOW hydrodynamic model coupled with the Delft3D-WAVE wave model and a graphical user interface, the Delft Dashboard. The coupled system is used to model storm surge and inundation produced by Hurricane Ike along the Gulf of Mexico coast in September 2008. The hydrodynamic model is run in 2D depth averaged mode to develop a "best" simulation. The best simulation is developed after hundreds of test runs and it consists of a blended elevation dataset for use as the model bathymetry and topography, a spatially varying Manning's N coefficient, multiple nests, atmospheric forcing from re-analysis wind and pressure fields with directional land masking, an initial water level of 0.11 m, an updated air - sea drag coefficient, and dynamically coupled flow and wave fields. The simulation results compare very favorably with observed water level. To assess the system in an operational forecast environment, the system's sensitivity to the elevation dataset, bottom roughness, domain resolution, atmospheric forcing, drag coefficient, initial water level, and wave coupling was investigated and found to vary widely depending on the component. C1 [Condon, Andrew] Amer Soc Engn Educ, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Veeramony, Jay] Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Condon, A (reprint author), Amer Soc Engn Educ, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0829-8; 978-1-4673-0830-4 PY 2012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDW56 UT WOS:000315350300059 ER PT B AU Eleuterio, DP Sandgathe, S AF Eleuterio, Daniel P. Sandgathe, Scott GP IEEE TI The Earth System Prediction Capability Program SO 2012 OCEANS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE Oceans Conference CY OCT 14-19, 2012 CL Virginia Beach, VA SP IEEE, Marine Technol Soc, IEEE Ocean Engn Soc DE Seamless Prediction; Global Air-Ocean Coupled Models; Intraseasonal to Interannual Forecasts AB The Earth System Prediction Capability (ESPC) inter-agency program was established in 2010 as a coordinating effort to improve collaboration across the federally sponsored environmental research and operational prediction communities for the development and implementation of improved national physical earth system prediction. Towards these goals, a set of five demonstration projects are under development and researchers are invited to participate in the definition and execution of the projects. The goal of the demonstrations is to provide unifying themes and common diagnostics to develop a common modeling environment, establish community data sets & test cases, assess predictability at sub-seasonal to inter-annual timescales, and begin to develop guidelines for the future transition to operational forecasts. C1 [Eleuterio, Daniel P.] Off Naval Res, Code 322 875 N Randolph St, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Sandgathe, Scott] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. RP Eleuterio, DP (reprint author), Off Naval Res, Code 322 875 N Randolph St, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. EM daniel.eleuterio@navy.mil; sandgathe@apl.washington.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0829-8; 978-1-4673-0830-4 PY 2012 PG 3 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDW56 UT WOS:000315350300114 ER PT B AU Incze, ML AF Incze, M. L. GP IEEE TI Designing for Autonomy in Unmanned Underwater Vehicles SO 2012 OCEANS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE Oceans Conference CY OCT 14-19, 2012 CL Virginia Beach, VA SP IEEE, Marine Technol Soc (MTS), IEEE OES (IEEE/OES) C1 USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Incze, ML (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0829-8 PY 2012 PG 9 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDW56 UT WOS:000315350300331 ER PT B AU Kuhner, JT Meredith, RW Taylor, CC AF Kuhner, Joseph T. Meredith, Roger W. Taylor, Casey C. GP IEEE TI Automated Contact Calling Visual Aid Using Sequential Mathematical Processes Using Textural Analysis for Mine-Like Contact Detection SO 2012 OCEANS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE Oceans Conference CY OCT 14-19, 2012 CL Virginia Beach, VA SP IEEE, Marine Technol Soc (MTS), IEEE OES (IEEE/OES) AB This paper presents an automated process for finding mine-like contacts by incorporating sequential mathematical processes: textural analysis, polygon discrimination, and dimensional filtering. These processes define a methodology that requires a minimal amount of user input to visually aid the side scan interpreter. The initial focus of this project was to find mine-like objects in high clutter density areas while maintaining a high probability of detection. In order to meet this requirement, a methodology had to be established to combine multiple analytic algorithms. There was also a concerted effort to create a methodology that could be used on a variety of side scan sonar systems. However, in order to discriminate contacts on multiple sonar systems, certain system specifications would have to be incorporated into the process. The key differences between side scan sonar systems necessary for this study are the optimum operating altitude and the along and across track resolutions of the imagery. Since altitude dictates the pixel area encompassed by contacts and resolution determines distortion of the contacts in the imagery, the iterating texture measurement window was built around these two concepts. Implementing a polygon discrimination algorithm became necessary to locate and find the centroid of polygons in the imagery that met textural analysis threshold requirements for a mine-like contact. The application of these methods has shown the potential for an automated process capable of ingesting different types of side scan sonar data with minimal user input. C1 [Kuhner, Joseph T.; Meredith, Roger W.; Taylor, Casey C.] USN, Mine Warfare Technol Div, Oceanog Off, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39522 USA. RP Kuhner, JT (reprint author), USN, Mine Warfare Technol Div, Oceanog Off, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39522 USA. EM joseph.kuhner@navy.mil; roger.meredith@navy.mil; casey.c.taylor@navy.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0829-8 PY 2012 PG 5 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDW56 UT WOS:000315350300044 ER PT B AU Lever, JA Horn, DC AF Lever, John A. Horn, Dawn C. GP IEEE TI A Systems Engineering Approach for Performance Surface Computational Architectures SO 2012 OCEANS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE Oceans Conference CY OCT 14-19, 2012 CL Virginia Beach, VA SP IEEE, Marine Technol Soc (MTS), IEEE OES (IEEE/OES) DE Integrated Product Team; acquisition; systems engineering AB The Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command (NAVMETOCCOM) produces operational image products referred to as performance surfaces. A performance surface is the projection of numerical values that reflect the performance of a system or phenomenon into a Geographic Coordinate System layer portraying a physical representation of the earth's atmosphere, surface, or ocean. That is, a performance surface is a graphic that indicates optimal performance through visual cues. To date, performance surface algorithms exist for Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) and Piracy, and future performance surfaces are anticipated. A characteristic of performance surfaces is their computational complexity, which can be either deterministic or stochastic in nature. The use of stochastic processes drives a significant computational burden based on the sheer volume of individual simulations that must be run and then combined to form a probabilistic prediction. To mitigate the difficulties imposed by large volume stochastic processes, NAVMETOCCOM chartered an Integrated Product Team (IPT) to characterize a suitable computational architecture for existing and future performance surfaces. The IPT was also tasked to document an engineering process by which emergent performance surfaces could implement suitable architectures. This engineering process used tailored DoD acquisition best practices that were agile and easily repeatable for use by future NAVMETOCCOM IPT efforts. C1 [Lever, John A.; Horn, Dawn C.] USN, Meteorol & Oceanog Command, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Lever, JA (reprint author), USN, Meteorol & Oceanog Command, Code N6, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM john.a.lever@navy.mil; dawn.c.horn@navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0829-8 PY 2012 PG 7 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDW56 UT WOS:000315350300016 ER PT B AU Lim, R Malphurs, DE Lee, KH Kennedy, JL Lopes, JL AF Lim, Raymond Malphurs, David E. Lee, Kwang H. Kennedy, Jermaine L. Lopes, Joseph L. GP IEEE TI Comparisons of SAS Processed Data from Ordnance Replicas over Various Size Scales: Experiments and Acoustic Models SO 2012 OCEANS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE Oceans Conference CY OCT 14-19, 2012 CL Virginia Beach, VA SP IEEE, Marine Technol Soc, IEEE Ocean Engn Soc DE Aspect frequency response; Circular synthetic aperture sonar; Finite element methods; Synthetic aperture sonar; Target strength ID TILTED SOLID CYLINDER; BACKSCATTERING ENHANCEMENTS; RAYLEIGH-WAVES; SCATTERING; WATER AB Sonar has been the Navy's workhorse for detection and discrimination of underwater objects from clutter through analysis of image phenomena. However, new phenomena need to be identified to accommodate a growing class of unexploded ordnance targets with more varied shapes and sizes, and difficulties increase for buried ordnance because the wave attenuation and inhomogeneity in ocean sediments make detection less predictable and high-resolution imaging more difficult. Even when imaging can be done, important image phenomena (e. g., highlight/shadow details) are lost. Therefore, modeling, data collection, and data processing/analysis has been performed at NSWC PCD to build a target response database that could be exploited both for statistical automated target recognition studies based on existing feature types and for isolation of promising physical phenomena that classifiable features could be extracted from without requiring high image resolution. Several methods to build this database have been pursued, including data collection in full-scale field experiments in the Gulf of Mexico, data collection in NSWC PCD's freshwater pond facility, data collection within a small freshwater tank using scaled targets on scaled glass bead sediments, and data generation through finite element simulations. In this paper, results from each of these methods are presented and compared to assess the tradeoffs inherent in them. C1 [Lim, Raymond; Malphurs, David E.; Lee, Kwang H.; Kennedy, Jermaine L.; Lopes, Joseph L.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Panama City Div, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. RP Lim, R (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Panama City Div, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0829-8; 978-1-4673-0830-4 PY 2012 PG 10 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDW56 UT WOS:000315350300342 ER PT J AU Luznik, L Flack, KA Lust, EE Baxter, DP AF Luznik, Luksa Flack, Karen A. Lust, Ethan E. Baxter, David P. GP IEEE TI Hydrodynamic Performance of a Horizontal Axis Tidal Turbine under Steady Flow Conditions SO 2012 OCEANS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE Oceans Conference CY OCT 14-19, 2012 CL Virginia Beach, VA SP IEEE, Marine Technol Soc (MTS), IEEE OES (IEEE/OES) DE tidal turbines; performance characteristics; tow tank experiments; uncertainty analysis ID MARINE CURRENT TURBINES AB Performance characteristics are presented for a two-bladed horizontal axis tidal turbine, representing a 1/25th scale operational turbine. The tests were conducted in a 116 m long tow tank facility at the United States Naval Academy. The performance characteristics of power and thrust coefficient are measured for the turbine for a range of tip speed ratios. The results of the model test are applicable to full scale due to Re number independence of the rotor blades for the tested conditions. A full uncertainty analysis is performed and major sources of uncertainty are identified. Uncertainty levels are 4% and 1% for power and thrust coefficient respectively, and 3% for the tip speed ratio. C1 [Luznik, Luksa; Flack, Karen A.; Lust, Ethan E.; Baxter, David P.] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Luznik, L (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM luznik@usna.edu; flack@usna.edu; lust@usna.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0829-8 PY 2012 PG 4 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDW56 UT WOS:000315350300093 ER PT J AU McCarren, D AF McCarren, David GP IEEE TI National Unified Operational Prediction Capability Common Model Architecture SO 2012 OCEANS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE Oceans Conference CY OCT 14-19, 2012 CL Virginia Beach, VA SP IEEE, Marine Technol Soc (MTS), IEEE OES (IEEE/OES) DE Global Modeling; numerical model architecture; interoperability; ensemble; ESMF; model framework AB NUOPC is a joint effort between NOAA, DOD, and their research partners to improve collaboration and accelerate operational numerical weather prediction. This partnership is focused on leveraging agency resources and existing ensemble systems into a National Unified Ensemble. The multi-model ensemble was implemented in 2011 and brings additional skill to forecasts at ranges of 8 days and beyond. With the exchange of over 70 variables for forecasts out to 16 days with model runs twice a day and fields exchanged on a one degree grid, much coordination is required to meet the operational requirements of the data exchange. Another effort by the NUOPC partners is the creation of a Common Model Architecture for use in the Operational Prediction Centers. An interagency working group developed the original strategy over a series of meetings from 2007 to 2009. Their final report was approved and published in 2009 and established a well-developed plan to implement this strategy across the partners. This effort created agreed to interoperability standards which can be applied to individual model components and allow for relative ease of swapping other components for testing, demonstration and use. C1 USN, Meteorol & Oceanog Command, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP McCarren, D (reprint author), USN, Meteorol & Oceanog Command, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0829-8 PY 2012 PG 3 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDW56 UT WOS:000315350300030 ER PT B AU Moustahfid, H Jech, MM Weise, MJ Horne, JK O'Dor, R Alexander, C AF Moustahfid, Hassan Jech, Michael M. Weise, Michael J. Horne, John K. O'Dor, Ron Alexander, Charles GP IEEE TI Advancing "Bio" Sensor Integration with Ocean Observing Systems to Support Ecosystem Based Approaches SO 2012 OCEANS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE Oceans Conference CY OCT 14-19, 2012 CL Virginia Beach, VA SP IEEE, Marine Technol Soc, IEEE Ocean Engn Soc DE "Bio" sensor; Ocean Observing Systems; US IOOS; Ecosystem-Based Approaches ID IN-SITU; CLASSIFICATION; MANAGEMENT; PREDATOR; PLANKTON AB The vision of the US Integrated Ocean Observing System (U. S. IOOS) is to provide information and services to the nation for enhancing our understanding of the ecosystem and climate; sustaining living marine resources; improving public health and safety; reducing impacts of natural hazards and environmental changes; and expanding support for marine commerce and transportation. In the last decade U. S. IOOS has made considerable progress in advancing physical and chemical observing systems, but only modest progress integrating biological observations from disparate data providers, and there remain challenges to fully integrate biological observing systems into U. S. IOOS. Recent technological advances in miniature, low power "bio" sensor can record everything from plankton greater than 20 micrometer with electro-optical technology, to hydroacoustic sensors that can record meso-zooplankton and nekton from mobile autonomous platforms, to satellite linked recorders that can record the movement and behavior of the largest marine predators. This opens up remarkable opportunities for observing the biotic realm at critical spatio-temporal scales that are most relevant to organisms, which have been out of reach until present. "bio" sensor technology is mature and proven to be operational and biological monitoring should be an integrated component of observing systems. Optimally, it should be clearly defined and implemented in close association with physical oceanographers. The integration of biological observing into U. S IOOS will only strengthen the national observing capabilities to respond to the growing needs for ecosystem observation to support ecosystem-based approaches and sustain our living marine resources. C1 [Moustahfid, Hassan; Alexander, Charles] NOAA, US Integrated Ocean Observing Syst, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Jech, Michael M.] NOAA Fisheries, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Weise, Michael J.] US Navy, Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA USA. [Horne, John K.] Univ Washington, Sch Fisheries, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [O'Dor, Ron] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS, Canada. RP Moustahfid, H (reprint author), NOAA, US Integrated Ocean Observing Syst, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Hassan.Moustahfid@noaa.gov; jhorne@uw.edu NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0829-8; 978-1-4673-0830-4 PY 2012 PG 7 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDW56 UT WOS:000315350300333 ER PT B AU Mullen, L Cochenour, B AF Mullen, Linda Cochenour, Brandon GP IEEE TI Communication over Lasers in Ocean Research (COLOR) Bringing Navy Research to the Classroom SO 2012 OCEANS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE Oceans Conference CY OCT 14-19, 2012 CL Virginia Beach, VA SP IEEE, Marine Technol Soc (MTS), IEEE OES (IEEE/OES) DE STEM; laser; communication; scattering; absorption AB Scientists and engineers in the Electro-Optics and Special Mission Sensors division at NAVAIR have developed a hands-on activity, Communication over Lasers in Ocean Research (COLOR), to bring their Navy research to K-12 classrooms. This activity was created in response to the Navy's interest in increasing the number of US students pursuing careers in Science Technology Engineering and Math (STEM) disciplines. The COLOR activity provides a way for Navy scientists and K-12 educators to excite students about lasers, optics, and how the Navy uses these tools to complete critical missions. The following paper details the various modules of the COLOR activity and how they are used to teach students and faculty about light and how it can be used to see and communicate in the underwater environment. C1 [Mullen, Linda; Cochenour, Brandon] NAVAIR, EO & Special Mission Sensors Div, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Mullen, L (reprint author), NAVAIR, EO & Special Mission Sensors Div, Patuxent River, MD USA. EM linda.mullen@navy.mil NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0829-8 PY 2012 PG 4 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDW56 UT WOS:000315350300110 ER PT B AU Perez, P Jemison, WD Mullen, L Laux, A AF Perez, Paul Jemison, William D. Mullen, Linda Laux, Alan GP IEEE TI Techniques to enhance the performance of hybrid lidar-radar ranging systems SO 2012 OCEANS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE Oceans Conference CY OCT 14-19, 2012 CL Virginia Beach, VA SP IEEE, Marine Technol Soc, IEEE Ocean Engn Soc DE underwater; optical ranging; scattering AB Hybrid lidar-radar uses a combination of lidar and radar techniques to enhance underwater detection, ranging, and imaging. In turbid water, the lidar return signal includes a significant amount of backscatter in addition to the object-reflected light. System performance is highly limited by the backscatter which results from volumetric scattering of the transmitted light signal off the particulates existing in the water channel. A new backscatter reduction techniqu based on spatial frequency filtering will be discussed. The spatia filter algorithm leverages radar techniques developed to enhance through the wall imaging (TTWI) performance. Algorithm validation via experimental data is provided. C1 [Perez, Paul] Clarkson Univ, Dept Phys, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. [Jemison, William D.] Clarkson Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. [Mullen, Linda; Laux, Alan] NAVAIR, EO & Special Mission Sensors Div, Columbia, MD USA. RP Perez, P (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, Dept Phys, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. EM perezpd@clarkson.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0829-8; 978-1-4673-0830-4 PY 2012 PG 6 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDW56 UT WOS:000315350300181 ER PT J AU Rabinovich, W AF Rabinovich, William BE Arnon, S Barry, JR Karagiannidis, GK Schober, R Uysal, M TI Optical modulating retro-reflectors SO ADVANCED OPTICAL WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID QUANTUM-WELL MODULATOR; 1.55 MU-M; FREE-SPACE; RETROREFLECTOR SYSTEM; COMMUNICATION; DESIGN; LINKS C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Rabinovich, W (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-521-19787-8 PY 2012 BP 328 EP 350 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511979187 PG 23 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BEA23 UT WOS:000315871700013 ER PT S AU Shifler, DA AF Shifler, David A. BE Shifler, DA TI Evaluating Materials and Fuels Using an Atmospheric-Pressure Low-Velocity Burner Rig SO HIGH TEMPERATURE CORROSION AND MATERIALS CHEMISTRY 9 - A SYMPOSIUM IN HONOR OF PROFESSOR ROBERT A. RAPP SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on High Temperature Corrosion and Materials Chemistry 9 in Honor of Robert A. Rapp at the 220th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS) CY OCT 09-14, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), High Temperature Mat, Corros ID HOT CORROSION; SODIUM; SULFIDATION; SUPERALLOYS; NICKEL; TESTS AB In order to meet future Naval performance and safety parameters, it is anticipated that synthetic logistics fuels will be required to meet the current Naval petroleum-based physical, combustion, and chemistry specifications. However, before they are used, these fuels must be certified for use by passing through a series of evaluation tests to ascertain whether their chemical, physical, and combustion properties will have an adverse impact on engines, that herebefore have used specified petroleum,-based fuels. It has been established that low-velocity, atmospheric-pressure burner rigs, when operated properly, simulate the corrosion and degradation of materials operating in the shipboard gas turbines. To evaluate whether new fuels will cause accelerated corrosion in a gas turbine, the corrosion of coated superalloy samples representative of materials in the hot section of gas turbines are exposed to the combustion gaseous products of the new fuels or fuel blends in the burner rig and compared to that of a standard petroleum-based fuel. Parameter control in all tests is critical if proper evaluation and interpretation is to be achieved. Failure to control the parameters leads to uncertainities that will require more testing or deliver unsupportable, indeterminate conclusions. The paper will discuss cases where proper test parameters lead to determining supportable, repeatable conclusions and corrective actions and where improper test procedures and parameter control may lead to unintended, unsupportable conclusions. C1 USN, Div Mat, Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Shifler, DA (reprint author), USN, Div Mat, Off Naval Res, 875 N Randolph St, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-343-8 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2012 VL 41 IS 42 BP 85 EP 102 DI 10.1149/1.4718002 PG 18 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA BEB84 UT WOS:000316021500008 ER PT S AU Pique, A AF Pique, A. BE Prudenziati, M Hormadaly, J TI Laser-printed micro- and meso-scale power generating devices SO PRINTED FILMS: MATERIALS SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS IN SENSORS, ELECTRONICS AND PHOTONICS SE Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE laser direct-write (LDW); laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT); laser-printed micro-power sources; embedded microbatteries ID SENSITIZED SOLAR-CELLS; DIRECT-WRITE TECHNIQUES; LI-ION MICROBATTERIES; THIN-FILMS; ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS; METAL-DEPOSITION; RUTHENIUM OXIDE; ELECTRONIC MATERIALS; ABLATION TRANSFER; TIO2 ELECTRODES AB This chapter describes how laser direct-write (LDW) processes can be applied to the rapid prototyping of micro- and meso-scale power sources. The chapter reviews the use of laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) to deposit patterns of complex suspensions comprising the functional materials required for printing ultracapacitors, primary and secondary batteries and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The chapter describes the preparation of embedded microbatteries via LDW and concludes with a discussion on the present and future status of these laser-based digital microfabrication techniques. C1 USN, Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pique, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Code 6364,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM pique@nrl.navy.mil NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-1501 BN 978-0-85709-621-0 J9 WOODH PUB SER ELECT PY 2012 IS 26 BP 526 EP 549 D2 10.1533/9780857096210 PG 24 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA BDX40 UT WOS:000315530300019 ER PT S AU Canedy, CL Kim, CS Merritt, CD Bewley, WW Abell, J Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR Kim, M AF Canedy, C. L. Kim, C. S. Merritt, C. D. Bewley, W. W. Abell, J. Vurgaftman, I. Meyer, J. R. Kim, M. GP IEEE TI Improved Interband Cascade Lasers for lambda=3-5.6 mu m SO 2012 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY MAY 06-11, 2012 CL San Jose, CA AB The cw operating temperature of ICLs emitting at 3.9, 4.7 and 5.6 mu m is extended to 107 degrees C, 60 degrees C, and 48 degrees C, respectively. The threshold powers range from several tens to several hundred mW at 25 degrees C. C1 [Canedy, C. L.; Kim, C. S.; Merritt, C. D.; Bewley, W. W.; Abell, J.; Vurgaftman, I.; Meyer, J. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Canedy, CL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-933-6 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2012 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BCK05 UT WOS:000310362400079 ER PT S AU Flynn, RA Fleet, E Kretzer, C Beadie, G AF Flynn, R. A. Fleet, E. Kretzer, C. Beadie, G. GP IEEE TI Practical Design of a Layered Polymer GRIN Lens SO 2012 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY MAY 06-11, 2012 CL San Jose, CA AB Design of an achromat F/3 singlet lens made of layered polymer GRIN material is presented. Lens outperforms a commercial glass doublet. Optimization requires efficient bounding of refractive index function. A custom material model handles dispersion. C1 [Flynn, R. A.; Fleet, E.; Beadie, G.] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kretzer, C.] Global Inc, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Flynn, RA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM richard.flynn@nrl.navy.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-933-6 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2012 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BCK05 UT WOS:000310362401485 ER PT S AU Hite, JK Twigg, ME Bassim, ND Mastro, MA Freitas, JA Meyer, JR Vurgaftman, I O'Connor, S Condon, NJ Kub, FJ Bowman, SR Eddy, CR AF Hite, Jennifer K. Twigg, Mark E. Bassim, Nabil D. Mastro, Michael A. Freitas, Jaime A., Jr. Meyer, Jerry R. Vurgaftman, Igor O'Connor, Shawn Condon, Nicholas J. Kub, Francis J. Bowman, Steven R. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. GP IEEE TI Development of Periodically Oriented Gallium Nitride SO 2012 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY MAY 06-11, 2012 CL San Jose, CA ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; GAN AB Methods for growing periodically alternating polarities of GaN on GaN substrates have been developed. The resulting periodically oriented samples can be extended to thick growth, allowing their use in non-linear optics. C1 [Hite, Jennifer K.; Twigg, Mark E.; Bassim, Nabil D.; Mastro, Michael A.; Freitas, Jaime A., Jr.; Meyer, Jerry R.; Vurgaftman, Igor; O'Connor, Shawn; Condon, Nicholas J.; Kub, Francis J.; Bowman, Steven R.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hite, JK (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jennifer.hite@nrl.navy.mil RI Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-933-6 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2012 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BCK05 UT WOS:000310362400471 ER PT S AU Nikitin, S Prokes, S Qi, H Glembocki, O Grun, J AF Nikitin, Sergei Prokes, Sharka Qi, Hua Glembocki, Orest Grun, Jacob GP IEEE TI Multi-wavelength Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering from Molecules Adsorbed on Plasmonic Nanowires SO 2012 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY MAY 06-11, 2012 CL San Jose, CA ID IDENTIFICATION AB Multi-wavelength Raman scattering from benzene-thiol adsorbed on randomly distributed silver-coated plasmonic nanowires was measured in the visible optical range to probe the density of states of the chemical, changed due to adsorption. C1 [Nikitin, Sergei] Res Support Instruments Inc, 4325-B Forbes Blvd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Prokes, Sharka; Glembocki, Orest; Grun, Jacob] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Qi, Hua] ASEE, Washington, DC USA. RP Nikitin, S (reprint author), Res Support Instruments Inc, 4325-B Forbes Blvd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. EM nikitins@researchsupport.com FU US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC FX This research was supported by the US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-933-6 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2012 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BCK05 UT WOS:000310362403159 ER PT S AU Pruessner, MW Stievater, TH Goetz, PG Rabinovich, WS Urick, VJ AF Pruessner, M. W. Stievater, T. H. Goetz, P. G. Rabinovich, W. S. Urick, V. J. GP IEEE TI High-Extinction Linear Cascaded-Microcavity Filters SO 2012 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY MAY 06-11, 2012 CL San Jose, CA AB We design cascaded waveguide microcavities. Using realistic design parameters based on previously demonstrated single-stage devices, we model filters with > 60dB extinction, 100GHz FSR and 1GHz bandwidth. Initial experimental results are presented. C1 [Pruessner, M. W.; Stievater, T. H.; Goetz, P. G.; Rabinovich, W. S.; Urick, V. J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pruessner, MW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-933-6 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2012 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BCK05 UT WOS:000310362401181 ER PT S AU Stievater, TH Pruessner, MW Park, D Holmstrom, SA McGill, RA Rabinovich, WS AF Stievater, T. H. Pruessner, M. W. Park, D. Holmstrom, S. A. McGill, R. A. Rabinovich, W. S. GP IEEE TI Evanescent Waveguide Absorption Spectroscopy of Trace Gases SO 2012 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY MAY 06-11, 2012 CL San Jose, CA ID CHIP AB We demonstrate the detection of water vapor adsorbed into a sorbent polymer layer coated onto highly evanescent SiN rib waveguides by measuring the change in absorption as a function of wavelength, polarization, and analyte concentration. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America C1 [Stievater, T. H.; Pruessner, M. W.; Park, D.; McGill, R. A.; Rabinovich, W. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Holmstrom, S. A.] Univ Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA. RP Stievater, TH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM opticalmems@nrl.navy.mil FU German Research Foundation (DFG); German Research Council [DFG SE804/4-1] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding of the Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT) by the German Research Foundation (DFG) in the framework of the German excellence initiative. Additionally we gratefully acknowledge direct funding of the German Research Council (DFG SE804/4-1) for parts of this work. Furthermore, we thank Johannes Kiefer, University of Aberdeen, for the fruitful discussion concerning the LIBS results. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-933-6 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2012 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BCK05 UT WOS:000310362402109 ER PT S AU Stievater, TH Park, D Rabinovich, WS Pruessner, MW Kanakaraju, S Richardson, CJK Khurgin, JB AF Stievater, T. H. Park, D. Rabinovich, W. S. Pruessner, M. W. Kanakaraju, S. Richardson, C. J. K. Khurgin, J. B. GP IEEE TI Ultra-Low V-pi Suspended Quantum Well Waveguides SO 2012 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY MAY 06-11, 2012 CL San Jose, CA AB We demonstrate V pi L values in the optical L-band in suspended quantum well waveguides between 109 and 199 mV-cm, which result from the strong out-of-plane index contrast that tightly confines the mode to the quantum well core. (c) 2011 Optical Society of America C1 [Stievater, T. H.; Park, D.; Rabinovich, W. S.; Pruessner, M. W.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kanakaraju, S.; Richardson, C. J. K.] Lab Phys Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Khurgin, J. B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Stievater, TH (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM opticalmems@nrl.navy.mil RI khurgin, Jacob/A-3278-2010 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-933-6 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2012 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BCK05 UT WOS:000310362401177 ER PT S AU Schroeder, CB Helle, MH AF Schroeder, Carl B. Helle, Michael H. BE Zgadzaj, R Gaul, E Downer, MC TI Summary Report of Working Group 1: Laser-Plasma Accelerators SO ADVANCED ACCELERATOR CONCEPTS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th Workshop on Advanced Accelerator Concepts (AAC) CY JUN 10-15, 2012 CL Univ Texas, Austin Campus, Austin, TX SP U S Dept Energy, Off High Energy Phys, Univ Texas, Bergoz Instrumentat, Coherent Inc, GMW Associates, RadiaBeam Technologies, Amplitude Technologies, Continuum, CVI Melles Griot, Muons Inc, Natl Energet, Thales Optronique, Tech-X Corp, Tech Mfg Corp, Nanolabz HO Univ Texas, Austin Campus DE laser plasma electron acceleration AB A summary is given of the presentations and discussion in the Laser-Plasma Accelerators Working Group at the 2012 Advanced Accelerator Concepts Workshop. The status, future directions, and outlook of research in laser-plasma accelerators is presented. C1 [Schroeder, Carl B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Helle, Michael H.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Schroeder, CB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Schroeder, Carl/0000-0002-9610-0166 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. FX We would like to gratefully acknowledge the many contributions of the participants of Working Group 1: Laser- Plasma Accelerators, and we would like to express our appreciation to the Workshop organizers. Support was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1125-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1507 BP 199 EP 203 DI 10.1063/1.4773694 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDV13 UT WOS:000315058700018 ER PT S AU Piot, P Brau, CA Gabella, WE Choi, BK Jarvis, JD Lewellen, JW Mendenhall, MH Mihalcea, D AF Piot, P. Brau, C. A. Gabella, W. E. Choi, B. K. Jarvis, J. D. Lewellen, J. W. Mendenhall, M. H. Mihalcea, D. BE Zgadzaj, R Gaul, E Downer, MC TI R&D toward a Compact High-Brilliance X-ray Source based on Channeling Radiation SO ADVANCED ACCELERATOR CONCEPTS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th Workshop on Advanced Accelerator Concepts (AAC) CY JUN 10-15, 2012 CL Univ Texas, Austin Campus, Austin, TX SP U S Dept Energy, Off High Energy Phys, Univ Texas, Bergoz Instrumentat, Coherent Inc, GMW Associates, RadiaBeam Technologies, Amplitude Technologies, Continuum, CVI Melles Griot, Muons Inc, Natl Energet, Thales Optronique, Tech-X Corp, Tech Mfg Corp, Nanolabz HO Univ Texas, Austin Campus DE beam dynamics; electron beams; X-rays ID CHARGED-PARTICLES; NANOTUBES; EMISSION; CRYSTAL; DIAMOND AB X-rays have been valuable to a large number of fields including Science, Medicine, and Security. Yet, the availability of a compact high-spectral brilliance X-ray sources is limited. A technique to produce X-rays with spectral brilliance B similar to 10(12) photons.(mm-mrd)(-2).(0.1% BW)(-1).s(-1) is discussed. The method is based on the generation and acceleration of a low-emittance field-emitted electron bunches. The bunches are then focused on a diamond crystal thereby producing channeling radiation. In this paper, after presenting the overarching concept, we discuss the generation, acceleration and transport of the low-emittance bunches with parameters consistent with the production of high-brilliance X-rays through channeling radiation. We especially consider the example of the Advanced Superconducting Test Accelerator (ASTA) currently in construction at Fermilab where a proof-of-principle experiment is in preparation. C1 [Piot, P.; Mihalcea, D.] Northern Illinois Univ, Northern Illinois Ctr Accelerator & Detector Dev, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Piot, P.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Accelerator Phys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Brau, C. A.; Gabella, W. E.; Jarvis, J. D.; Mendenhall, M. H.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Choi, B. K.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Lewellen, J. W.] Naval Postgraduate Sch, Phys Dept Combat Syst, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Piot, P (reprint author), Northern Illinois Univ, Northern Illinois Ctr Accelerator & Detector Dev, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. OI Choi, Bo K./0000-0002-4984-5958 FU DARPA with Vanderbilt University [AXIS N66001-11-1-4196]; DARPA with Northern Illinois University [AXIS N66001-11-1-4196]; LLC with U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11359] FX This work was supported by the DARPA Axis program under contract AXIS N66001-11-1-4196 with Vanderbilt University and Northern Illinois University. The work of P.P. is partially supported by the Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy. We are thankful to R. A. Carrigan, Jr. for useful discussions on channeling radiation and to M. Church and V. Shiltsev for their support. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1125-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1507 BP 734 EP 739 DI 10.1063/1.4773789 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDV13 UT WOS:000315058700113 ER PT S AU Montgomery, EJ Pan, ZG Riddick, BC O'Shea, PG Feldman, DW Jensen, KL Ives, RL Falce, LR AF Montgomery, Eric J. Pan, Zhigang Riddick, Blake C. O'Shea, Patrick G. Feldman, Donald W. Jensen, Kevin L. Ives, R. Lawrence Falce, Louis R. BE Zgadzaj, R Gaul, E Downer, MC TI Enhanced Lifetime Hybrid-Diffuser Cesium Reservoir Photocathode SO ADVANCED ACCELERATOR CONCEPTS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th Workshop on Advanced Accelerator Concepts (AAC) CY JUN 10-15, 2012 CL Univ Texas, Austin Campus, Austin, TX SP U S Dept Energy, Off High Energy Phys, Univ Texas, Bergoz Instrumentat, Coherent Inc, GMW Associates, RadiaBeam Technologies, Amplitude Technologies, Continuum, CVI Melles Griot, Muons Inc, Natl Energet, Thales Optronique, Tech-X Corp, Tech Mfg Corp, Nanolabz HO Univ Texas, Austin Campus DE Controlled porosity reservoir photocathode; dispenser; sintered tungsten wire diffusion barrier; cesium chromate; quantum efficiency; lifetime AB A novel self-healing hybrid-diffuser cesium reservoir photocathode is demonstrated. The model-driven design optimizes operating temperature to match diffusion and evaporation rates and maximize quantum efficiency of the cesiated tungsten surface. A sintered-wire tungsten emitter promotes surface uniformity. Cesium loss is less than 0.023 mu g/cm(2)/hr at 125 degrees C, and conservatively extrapolated reservoir lifetime exceeds 30,000 hours. Contamination robustness to a direct atmospheric leak with room-temperature contamination by over 200 Langmuirs of oxidizing gases is excellent, with 90% of maximum QE repeatedly restored via in situ self-healing recesiation under gentle 90 degrees C heating. C1 [Montgomery, Eric J.; Pan, Zhigang; Riddick, Blake C.; O'Shea, Patrick G.; Feldman, Donald W.] U Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, Bldg 223, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Jensen, Kevin L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ives, R. Lawrence; Falce, Louis R.] Calabazas Creek Res, San Mateo, CA 94404 USA. RP Montgomery, EJ (reprint author), U Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, Bldg 223, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. OI Riddick, Blake/0000-0003-4646-3329 FU Department of Energy [11051285]; Office of Naval Research [N000140911190] FX We acknowledge funding from the Department of Energy ( grant 11051285) and from the Office of Naval Research ( grant N000140911190). We thank D. Marsden for cathode design assistance and mechanical drawings, and S. Khan, A. Day, and S. Eustice for helpful discussions. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1125-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1507 BP 933 EP 938 DI 10.1063/1.4788991 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDV13 UT WOS:000315058700147 ER PT S AU Lee, JS Ainsworth, TL Wang, YT AF Lee, Jong-Sen Ainsworth, Thomas L. Wang, Yanting GP IEEE TI ON POLARIMETRIC SAR SPECKLE FILTERING SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 22-27, 2012 CL Munich, GERMANY SP IEEE, IEEE Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, DLR, ESA DE Polarimetric SAR; speckle reduction ID MODEL AB The advancement of SAR technology with high resolution and quad-polarization data demands better and efficient speckle filtering algorithms. In principle, filtering should be applied to distributed media only. Strong pointed targets should be kept unfiltered. In this paper, we will review some of the recently published PolSAR speckle filtering algorithms, and discuss several important issues that affect the speckle filtering results. C1 [Lee, Jong-Sen; Ainsworth, Thomas L.; Wang, Yanting] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lee, JS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jong_sen_lee@yahoo.com NR 9 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4673-1159-5 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2012 BP 111 EP 114 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2012.6351624 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BDG99 UT WOS:000313189400029 ER PT S AU Arnone, R Fargion, G Wang, MH Martinolich, P Davis, C Trees, C Ladner, S Lawson, A Zibordi, G Lee, ZP Ondrusek, M Ahmed, S AF Arnone, Robert Fargion, Giulietta Wang, Menghua Martinolich, Paul Davis, Curt Trees, Charles Ladner, Sherwin Lawson, Adam Zibordi, Giuseppe Lee, Zhong Ping Ondrusek, Michael Ahmed, Samuel GP IEEE TI OCEAN COLOR PRODUCTS FROM VISIBLE INFARED IMAGER RADIOMETER SUITE (VIIRS) SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 22-27, 2012 CL Munich, GERMANY SP IEEE, IEEE Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, DLR, ESA ID ALGORITHM AB The Ocean Color CAL/VAL team is evaluating the VIIRS bio-optical products for real-time operations. VIIRS ocean data are being processed using standard government algorithms, and channel calibration and product validation evaluation activities are ongoing. A network of 27 global "Golden Regions" has been established to evaluate and validate bio-optical products. Satellite inter-comparison for data consistency with current ocean color products, and real time vicarious adjustment calculation are performed using in situ water leaving radiance propagated to Top of Atmosphere in coastal and open ocean regions. In addition, routine matchups with VIIRS and MODIS-Aqua are done with in situ data collection from ships and real time coastal AERONET-OC sites. The above activities, product evaluation and tracking of channel stability, are being contributed to the JPSS Team to evaluate the overall mission, including calibration and inter-satellite product consistency. Initial NPP VIIRS ocean bio-optical products are demonstrated with other ocean color satellites. C1 [Arnone, Robert; Ladner, Sherwin; Lawson, Adam] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Fargion, Giulietta] San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 2 USA. [Wang, Menghua; Ondrusek, Michael] NOAA NESDIS, STAR, MD USA. [Fargion, Giulietta; Martinolich, Paul] QinetiQ Corp, Stennis Space Ctr, Waltham, MA USA. [Davis, Curt] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR USA. [Trees, Charles] NATO Undersea Res Ctr, La Spezia, Italy. [Zibordi, Giuseppe] Joint Res Ctr, Ispra, Italy. [Lee, Zhong Ping] Univ Massachusetts, Boston, MA USA. [Ahmed, Samuel] CUNY City Coll, New York, NY USA. RP Arnone, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RI Ondrusek, Michael/F-5617-2010; Wang, Menghua/F-5631-2010 OI Ondrusek, Michael/0000-0002-5311-9094; Wang, Menghua/0000-0001-7019-3125 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4673-1159-5 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2012 BP 287 EP 290 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2012.6351581 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BDG99 UT WOS:000313189400071 ER PT S AU Moses, WJ Philpot, WD AF Moses, Wesley J. Philpot, William D. GP IEEE TI EVALUATION OF ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION USING PSEUDO-INVARIANT FEATURES FROM BI-TEMPORAL HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGES SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 22-27, 2012 CL Munich, GERMANY SP IEEE, IEEE Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, DLR, ESA DE Atmospheric correction; hyperspectral; Pseudo-Invariant Features (PIFs); MODTRAN; 6S; FLAASH; TAFKAA_6S; Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF); anisotropy index (ANIX) ID NORMALIZATION; REFLECTANCE AB Atmospheric correction of hyperspectral image data is frequently a requirement for using remote sensing to understand and quantify various phenomena that take place on the Earth. This is particularly true when the analysis requires the use of spectral reflectance. Although sophisticated models for atmospheric correction exist, evaluating the performance of these models is non-trivial. In this study, two atmospheric correction programs, FLAASH (based on MODTRAN 4), and TAFKAA_6S (based on 6S), were applied to a pair of images of the same area but collected six weeks apart. The results of the two atmospheric correction procedures are analyzed based on the expected stability of pseudo-invariant features (PIFs). Although both procedures performed rather well in terms of removing atmospheric absorption features in the infrared region, the analysis identified some anomalous behaviors as well, the most important of which appears to be related to the bidirectional reflectance distribution of the forest pixels selected as PIFs. C1 [Moses, Wesley J.] USN, Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Philpot, William D.] US Navy, Res Lab, Amer Soc Engn Educ, Washington, DC USA. RP Moses, WJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM wesley.moses.ctr.in@narl.navy.mil; philpot@cornell.edu OI Moses, Wesley/0000-0003-3551-6093; Philpot, William/0000-0002-5283-4774 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4673-1159-5 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2012 BP 366 EP 369 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2012.6351562 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BDG99 UT WOS:000313189400091 ER PT S AU Savelyev, IB Maxeiner, E AF Savelyev, Ivan B. Maxeiner, Eric GP IEEE TI LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS OF WAVE-INDUCED TURBULENCE USING THERMAL MARKING VELOCIMETRY SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 22-27, 2012 CL Munich, GERMANY SP IEEE, IEEE Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, DLR, ESA DE Infrared imaging; Laser velocimetry; Sea surface; Surface waves ID SURFACE-WAVE AB Some theoretical considerations suggest an existence of wave-turbulence energy flux without wave breaking, but scarce empirical results struggle to establish the existence of such process. This study utilizes infrared imaging to investigate the effect of wave motion on near-surface turbulence. An active thermography technique called Thermal Marking Velocimetry (TMV) technique was used in a laboratory wave tank. TMV consisted a CO2 10W laser and rotating mirror to create thermal markers on the water surface, and mid-wave infrared camera to trace their motion. The results confirm the turbulence production due to wave motion. The turbulent kinetic energy was found to be a function of time, wave steepness, wave phase, and initial turbulent conditions. Additionally, turbulent motion near the surface was found to be horizontally anisotropic due to the formation of near-surface eddies, elongated in the direction of wave propagation. C1 [Savelyev, Ivan B.; Maxeiner, Eric] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Savelyev, IB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4673-1159-5 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2012 BP 1081 EP 1083 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2012.6351361 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BDG99 UT WOS:000313189401074 ER PT S AU Lee, JS Ainsworth, TL Wang, YT AF Lee, Jong-Sen Ainsworth, Thomas L. Wang, Yanting GP IEEE TI GENERALIZED POLARIMETRIC MODEL-BASED DECOMPOSITIONS USING EXTENDED INCOHERENT SCATTERING MODELS SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 22-27, 2012 CL Munich, GERMANY SP IEEE, IEEE Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc (GRSS), DLR, ESA DE Polarimetric SAR; scattering modeling; target decompositions AB The Freeman and Durden decomposition as original developed is based on three scattering models for volume, surface and double bounce. It is known that the decomposition produces negative scattering powers for a large number of pixels. This implies that the scattering models are inconsistent with the data. In this paper, we investigate the negative power problem and propose two algorithms to mitigate it. To achieve this, alternative scattering models have been adopted, and new families of incoherent scattering models are developed. The effectiveness of these approaches is compared using L-band E-SAR polarimetric data. It will be shown that the negative power problem can be reduced to an insignificant level. C1 [Lee, Jong-Sen; Ainsworth, Thomas L.; Wang, Yanting] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lee, JS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jong_sen_lee@yahoo.com NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4673-1159-5 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2012 BP 1421 EP 1424 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BDG99 UT WOS:000313189401158 ER PT S AU Hwang, PA Anguelova, MD Burrage, DM Wang, DW Wesson, JC AF Hwang, Paul A. Anguelova, Magdalena D. Burrage, Derek M. Wang, David W. Wesson, Joel C. GP IEEE TI EFFECTS OF FOAM AND WIND WAVES ON MICROWAVE OCEAN EMISSION SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 22-27, 2012 CL Munich, GERMANY SP IEEE, IEEE Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, DLR, ESA C1 [Hwang, Paul A.; Anguelova, Magdalena D.] USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Hwang, PA (reprint author), USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4673-1159-5 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2012 BP 2591 EP 2594 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2012.6350949 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BDG99 UT WOS:000313189402191 ER PT S AU Wang, YT Ainsworth, TL Lee, JS AF Wang, Yanting Ainsworth, Thomas L. Lee, Jong-Sen GP IEEE TI A PHYSICAL-BASED UNSUPERVISED CLASSIFICATION AND STATISTICAL UNCERTAINTIES WITH APPLICATION TO POLSAR IMAGERY SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 22-27, 2012 CL Munich, GERMANY SP IEEE, IEEE Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, DLR, ESA DE Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar; Target Classification; Wishart Distribution; Likelihood Test ID MULTIFREQUENCY; SEGMENTATION AB A feature space for scatterer characterization is constructed of the geophysical parameters of scatterers on size, shape, and orientation. Dense divisions are defined to discriminate target classes of possibly subtle distinction. The statistical similarity and uncertainty of overlapping cluster pairs are evaluated with Wishart based likelihood ratio and at a desired level of false classification the dense set of clusters is hierarchically pruned. Wishart based classification is then applied to the whole imagery, accomplishing a physical-based unsupervised classification algorithm. The algorithm is illustrated using an AIRSAR dataset of San Francisco to evaluate its capability in characterizing complex terrains. As an optional step, the K-Means or Expectation-Maximization iteration is performed to further adapt the cluster centers. C1 [Wang, Yanting; Ainsworth, Thomas L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wang, YT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4673-1159-5 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2012 BP 3150 EP 3153 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2012.6350757 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BDG99 UT WOS:000313189403073 ER PT S AU Kruse, FA Clasen, CC Kim, AM Carlisle, SC AF Kruse, Fred A. Clasen, Chris C. Kim, Angela M. Carlisle, Sarah C. GP IEEE TI EFFECTS OF SPATIAL AND SPECTRAL RESOLUTION ON REMOTE SENSING FOR DISASTER RESPONSE SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 22-27, 2012 CL Munich, GERMANY SP IEEE, IEEE Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, DLR, ESA DE Spatial and spectral resolution; multispectral; hyperspectral; spectral mixture analysis; remote sensing; disaster response ID IMAGING SPECTROMETER DATA AB Visible and Near-Infrared (VNIR) Multispectral and hyperspectral data are compared for their potential to assist with disaster response and recovery via detailed mapping of the distribution of specific surface materials. Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data at two spatial resolutions are used to assess the effects of spatial resolution on material mapping capabilities. AVIRIS data are also compared to WorldView-2 (WV-2) 8-band multispectral data with similar spatial resolution to determine the effects of spectral resolution. Initial results illustrate that for urban mapping (buildings, roads, other infrastructure), that high spatial resolution is more critical than high spectral resolution. Decreasing spatial or spectral resolution, however, each increases mapping error. C1 [Kruse, Fred A.; Kim, Angela M.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kruse, FA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4673-1159-5 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2012 BP 7086 EP 7089 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2012.6352030 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BDG99 UT WOS:000313189407008 ER PT B AU Zabecki, DT AF Zabecki, David T. BE Hoffenaar, J Kruger, D TI BLUEPRINTS FOR BATTLE Planning for War in Central Europe, 1948-1968 Foreword SO BLUEPRINTS FOR BATTLE: PLANNING FOR WAR IN CENTRAL EUROPE, 1948-1968 SE Foreign Military Studies LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Zabecki, David T.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Zabecki, David T.] Univ Birmingham, War Studies Programme, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV PRESS KENTUCKY PI LEXINGTON PA 102 LAFFERTY HALL, UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY, LEXINGTON, KY 40506 USA BN 978-0-8131-3652-3 J9 FOREIGN MIL STUD PY 2012 BP VII EP X PG 4 WC History SC History GA BDG07 UT WOS:000313069200001 ER PT S AU Calder, AC Krueger, BK Jackson, AP Townsley, DM Brown, EF Timmes, FX AF Calder, A. C. Krueger, B. K. Jackson, A. P. Townsley, D. M. Brown, E. F. Timmes, F. X. BE Stocks, GM Troparevsky, MC TI On Simulating Type Ia Supernovae SO IUPAP C20 CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS (CCP 2011) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd IUPAP C20 Conference on Computational Physics (CCP) CY OCT 30-NOV 03, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP), Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP), Commiss Computat Phys (C20), Amer Phys Soc, Div Computat Phys (APS-DCOMP), Oak Ridge Natl Lab (ORNL), Ctr Defect Phys (CDP), Univ Tennessee (UT)/ORNL, Joint Inst Computat Sci (JICS), Cray, Inc ID EVALUATING SYSTEMATIC DEPENDENCIES; FLUID DYNAMICAL SIMULATIONS; CHANDRASEKHAR-MASS MODELS; SUBGRID SCALE-MODEL; WHITE-DWARF; LIGHT CURVES; CARBON IGNITION; FRONT PROPAGATION; EXPLOSION MODELS; NUCLEAR FLAMES AB Type Ia supernovae are bright stellar explosions distinguished by standardizable light curves that allow for their use as distance indicators for cosmological studies. Despite their highly successful use in this capacity, the progenitors of these events are incompletely understood. We describe simulating type la supernovae in the paradigm of a thermonuclear runaway occurring in a massive white dwarf star. We describe the multi-scale physical processes that realistic models must incorporate and the numerical models for these that we employ. In particular, we describe a flame-capturing scheme that addresses the problem of turbulent thermonuclear combustion on unresolved scales. We present the results of our study of the systematics of type la supernovae including trends in brightness following from properties of the host galaxy that agree with observations. We also present performance results from simulations on leadership-class architectures. C1 [Calder, A. C.; Krueger, B. K.; Jackson, A. P.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Calder, A. C.] SUNY Stony Brook, New York Ctr Computat Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Jackson, A. P.] Naval Res Lab, Lab Computat Phys Fluid Dynam, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Townsley, D. M.] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Brown, E. F.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brown, E. F.; Timmes, F. X.] Joint Inst Nucl Astrophys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Timmes, F. X.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Calder, AC (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM acalder@mail.astro.sunysb.edu OI Brown, Edward/0000-0003-3806-5339 FU Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER41516, DE-FG02-08ER41570, DE-FG02-08ER41565, DE-FG028 7ER40317]; NASA [NNX09AD19G]; Kavli Institute [PHY055 1164]; ASC/Alliances Center for Astrophysical Thermonuclear Flashes at the University of Chicago; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy [DEA C02-98CH10886] FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy through grants DE-FG02-07ER41516, DE-FG02-08ER41570, and DE-FG02-08ER41565, and by NASA through grant NNX09AD19G. ACC also acknowledges support from the Department of Energy under grant DE-FG028 7ER40317. DMT received support from the Bart J. Bok fellowship at the University of Arizona for part of this work. The authors acknowledge the hospitality of the Kavli Institute PHY055 1164, during the programs "Accretion and Explosion: the Astrophysics of Degenerate Stars" and "Stellar Death and Supernovae. "The software used in this work was in part developed by the DOE-supported ASC/Alliances Center for Astrophysical Thermonuclear Flashes at the University of Chicago. This work was also supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357 and utilized resources at the New York Center for Computational Sciences at Stony Brook University/Brookhaven National Laboratory which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DEA C02-98CH10886 and by the State of New York. Finally, the authors acknowledge and thank the organizers and committees of the Conference on Computational Physics held October 30 November 3, 2011 in Gatlinburg, TN for putting together adelightful and informativeconference. NR 68 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2012 VL 402 AR 012023 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/402/1/012023 PG 13 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA BDS66 UT WOS:000314709800022 ER PT J AU Yu, MC AF Yu, Maochun BE Graff, DA Higham, R TI The Taiping Rebellion: A Military Assessment of Revolution and Counterrevolution SO MILITARY HISTORY OF CHINA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Yu, MC (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV PRESS KENTUCKY PI LEXINGTON PA 102 LAFFERTY HALL, UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY, LEXINGTON, KY 40506 USA BN 978-0-8131-3638-7 PY 2012 BP 135 EP 151 PG 17 WC History SC History GA BDM17 UT WOS:000313788200009 ER PT S AU Currie, M Dianat, P Persano, A Cola, A Martucci, C Quaranta, F Nabet, B AF Currie, Marc Dianat, Pouya Persano, Anna Cola, Adriano Martucci, Concetta Quaranta, Fabio Nabet, Bahram GP IEEE TI High-Speed High-Responsivity Low Temperature Grown GaAs Detector SO 2012 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 23-27, 2012 CL Burlingame, CA SP IEEE, Kotura, Rockley Grp, Intel, Cisco, Oracle Labs, Corning, Google, Luxtera, Fiber Chip, Rambus, Analog Devices, PMC, Sinoora, Soitec, Photon Design, Nat Photon, Commun Technol Roadmap, Simgui C1 [Currie, Marc; Nabet, Bahram] USN, Div Opt Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dianat, Pouya] Drexel Univ, ECE Dept, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Persano, Anna; Cola, Adriano; Martucci, Concetta; Quaranta, Fabio] IMM Inst Consiglio Nazl Ric CNR, I-173100 Lecce, Italy. RP Currie, M (reprint author), USN, Div Opt Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Quaranta, Fabio/C-7417-2013; Cola, Adriano/G-2379-2010; OI PERSANO, ANNA/0000-0002-4239-4074 FU NSF Award [ECCS- 0702716]; Office of Naval Research; ASEE- ONR Summer Faculty Research FX This work was partially supported by NSF Award No. ECCS- 0702716, the Office of Naval Research, and an ASEE- ONR Summer Faculty Research Fellowship. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-0733-9 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2012 BP 312 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BDD75 UT WOS:000312865000158 ER PT S AU Weiblen, RJ Florea, C Docherty, A Menyuk, CR Shaw, B Sanghera, J Busse, L Aggarwal, I AF Weiblen, R. Joseph Florea, Catalin Docherty, Andrew Menyuk, Curtis. R. Shaw, Brandon Sanghera, Jasbinder Busse, Lynda Aggarwal, Ishwar GP IEEE TI Optimizing Motheye Antireflective Structures for Maximum Coupling Through As2S3 Optical Fibers SO 2012 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 23-27, 2012 CL Burlingame, CA SP IEEE, Kotura, Rockley Grp, Intel, Cisco, Oracle Labs, Corning, Google, Luxtera, Fiber Chip, Rambus, Analog Devices, PMC, Sinoora, Soitec, Photon Design, Nat Photon, Commun Technol Roadmap, Simgui AB We study theoretically the transmissivity of As2S3 chalcogenide optical fibers with motheye anti-reflective nanostructures. We show that it is possible to design structures giving greater than 99% transmission from 2-5 mu m. C1 [Weiblen, R. Joseph; Docherty, Andrew; Menyuk, Curtis. R.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Florea, Catalin] Sotera Def Solut, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. [Busse, Lynda; Aggarwal, Ishwar] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sanghera, Jasbinder] Sotera Def Solut, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Weiblen, RJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM ro2@umbc.edu RI Weiblen, Rudi/H-7003-2014 OI Weiblen, Rudi/0000-0002-1737-9817 NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-0733-9 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2012 BP 824 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BDD75 UT WOS:000312865000407 ER PT S AU Li, Y Woodward, RH Srimathi, IR Pung, AJ Poutous, MK Johnson, EG Shori, RK AF Li, Yuan Woodward, Ryan H. Srimathi, Indumathi Raghu Pung, Aaron J. Poutous, Menelaos K. Johnson, Eric G. Shori, Ramesh K. GP IEEE TI 2.78 mu m Fluoride Glass Fiber Laser Using Guided Mode Resonance Filter as External Cavity Mirror SO 2012 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 23-27, 2012 CL Burlingame, CA SP IEEE, Kotura, Rockley Grp, Intel, Cisco, Oracle Labs, Corning, Google, Luxtera, Fiber Chip, Rambus, Analog Devices, PMC, Sinoora, Soitec, Photon Design, Nat Photon, Commun Technol Roadmap, Simgui DE Fiber lasers; Optical filters AB A diode pumped CW Erbium (Er)-doped Zr-Ba-La-Al-Na (ZBLAN) fluoride glass fiber laser operating at 2.78 mu m was demonstrated using a guided mode resonance filter (GMRF) as an external cavity mirror. C1 [Li, Yuan; Woodward, Ryan H.; Srimathi, Indumathi Raghu; Pung, Aaron J.; Poutous, Menelaos K.; Johnson, Eric G.] Clemson Univ, Holcombe Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Riggs Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Shori, Ramesh K.] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA USA. RP Johnson, EG (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Holcombe Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Riggs Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM ejohns8@clemson.edu FU HEL- JTO/ AFOSR MRI - " 3D Meta- Optics for High Energy Lasers [FA9550- 10- 1- 0543] FX This work is supported by: HEL- JTO/ AFOSR MRI - " 3D Meta- Optics for High Energy Lasers" FA9550- 10- 1- 0543 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-0733-9 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2012 BP 826 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BDD75 UT WOS:000312865000408 ER PT J AU Palmisano, JS Geder, JD Ramamurti, R Sandberg, WC Ratna, B AF Palmisano, John S. Geder, Jason D. Ramamurti, Ravi Sandberg, William C. Ratna, Banahalli TI Robotic pectoral fin thrust vectoring using weighted gait combinations SO APPLIED BIONICS AND BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE CFD; controlled curvature; pectoral fin; weighted gait combination; thrust vectoring ID FLAPPING AQUATIC FLIGHT; LINE FLOW SENSORS; LABRIFORM PROPULSION; BIRD WRASSE; DESIGN; FISHES; COMPUTATION; LOCOMOTION; SHAPE AB A method was devised to vector propulsion of a robotic pectoral fin by means of actively controlling fin surface curvature. Separate flapping fin gaits were designed to maximize thrust for each of three different thrust vectors: forward, reverse, and lift. By using weighted combinations of these three pre-determined main gaits, new intermediate hybrid gaits for any desired propulsion vector can be created with smooth transitioning between these gaits. This weighted gait combination (WGC) method is applicable to other difficult-to-model actuators. Both 3D unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimental results are presented. C1 [Palmisano, John S.; Ratna, Banahalli] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Geder, Jason D.; Ramamurti, Ravi; Sandberg, William C.] USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sandberg, William C.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Orat, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. RP Palmisano, JS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM palmisano@gmail.com NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1176-2322 J9 APPL BIONICS BIOMECH JI Appl. Bionics Biomech. PY 2012 VL 9 IS 3 BP 333 EP 345 DI 10.3233/ABB-2012-0064 PG 13 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Robotics SC Engineering; Robotics GA 084CZ UT WOS:000314515400009 ER PT J AU Jones, M AF Jones, Marcus BE Murray, W Mansoor, PR TI Fighting "this nation of liars to the very end" The German Army in the Franco-Prussian War, 1870-1871 SO HYBRID WARFARE: FIGHTING COMPLEX OPPONENTS FROM THE ANCIENT WORLD TO THE PRESENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Jones, M (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 90 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-02608-7 PY 2012 BP 171 EP 198 D2 10.1017/CBO9781139199254 PG 28 WC History SC History GA BDF05 UT WOS:000312992000007 ER PT J AU Maurer, JH AF Maurer, John H. TI 'Winston has gone mad': Churchill, the British Admiralty, and the Rise of Japanese Naval Power SO JOURNAL OF STRATEGIC STUDIES LA English DT Article DE Churchill; Britain between the World Wars; Royal Navy; Japanese Navy; Strategic Assessments AB As Chancellor of the Exchequer during the late 1920s, Winston Churchill was at the center of British strategic decision making about how to respond to the naval challenge posed by Japan's rise as a rival sea power. Churchill downplayed the likelihood of war with Japan. The leadership of the Royal Navy disagreed: they saw Japan as a dangerous threat to the security of the British Empire. Examining this dispute between Churchill and the Admiralty highlights the awkward political, economic, and strategic tradeoffs confronting British leaders between the world wars. C1 USN, War Coll, Strategy & Policy Dept, Newport, RI USA. RP Maurer, JH (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Strategy & Policy Dept, Newport, RI USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0140-2390 J9 J STRATEGIC STUD JI J. Strateg. Stud. PY 2012 VL 35 IS 6 BP 775 EP 798 DI 10.1080/01402390.2012.654648 PG 24 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA 077HP UT WOS:000314018800004 ER PT S AU Gottshall, KR Sessoms, PH Bartlett, JL AF Gottshall, Kim R. Sessoms, Pinata H. Bartlett, Jamie L. GP IEEE TI Vestibular Physical Therapy Intervention: Utilizing a Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment in lieu of Traditional Physical Therapy SO 2012 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS), CAS, SMC, PubMed, MEDLINE ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY AB Advanced technology such as virtual reality or immersive environments increases the complexities and challenges therapists can impose on their patients. In this study, four patients with mild traumatic brain injury utilized a Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment (CAREN) in place of traditional vestibular physical therapy. Patients visited the CAREN twice weekly for 6 weeks. Therapy sessions included a variety of applications that tasked the cognitive and physical capabilities of individual patients. After the 6 weeks, all patients showed improvement on balance, gait and visual measures. Virtual reality based therapy is an engaging and effective tool to treat patients with deficiencies related to a prior brain injury. C1 [Gottshall, Kim R.] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Gottshall, KR (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM kim.gottshall@med.navy.mil; pinata.sessoms@med.navy.mil; Jamie.bartlett@med.navy.mil NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4577-1787-1 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2012 BP 6141 EP 6144 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDH78 UT WOS:000313296506083 ER PT S AU Kam, C Kompella, S Nguyen, GD Ephremides, A Jiang, ZH AF Kam, Clement Kompella, Sastry Nguyen, Gam D. Ephremides, Anthony Jiang, Zaihan GP IEEE TI Optimal Frequency Selection for Energy Efficient Underwater Acoustic Networks SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS (ICC) SE IEEE International Conference on Communications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) CY JUN 10-15, 2012 CL Ottawa, CANADA SP IEEE AB The underwater acoustic channel is characterized by a path loss that is dependent on both the distance and the frequency of communication. Given this dependence, it has been previously demonstrated that for a given communication distance, there is an optimal operating frequency, where conditions for signal propagation and noise are most favorable. In this work, we consider extending this optimal frequency concept to scenarios in which the frequencies that can be employed by the system are constrained. Such constraints are important considerations for practical system design. The first problem we study is to find a single frequency that minimizes the energy over a number of links of varying lengths. An approximate model for this frequency is proposed that is very close to the true optimal. We then generalize this problem to finding the best frequency band, within which the frequency can be tuned for different link lengths. We demonstrate how our model is applied to a 2-D network scenario. We simulate random node placement for such a network, and we observe that the optimal frequencies are very close to the proposed model. C1 [Kam, Clement; Kompella, Sastry; Nguyen, Gam D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kam, C (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1550-3607 BN 978-1-4577-2053-6 J9 IEEE ICC PY 2012 PG 5 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BDD72 UT WOS:000312855700073 ER PT S AU Policastro, SA Eppard, S Lawrence, SH Strom, MJ Rayne, RJ Hansen, D Martin, FJ AF Policastro, S. A. Eppard, S. Lawrence, S. H. Strom, M. J. Rayne, R. J. Hansen, D. Martin, F. J. BE Rohwerder, M Gelling, VJ TI Investigating the Failure Mechanisms for an Epoxy-Polyamide Coating in a Seawater Environment SO COATINGS FOR CORROSION PROTECTION SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Coatings for Corrosion Protection Held During the 220th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS) CY OCT 09-14, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP Electrochem Soc (ECS), Corros ID CORROSION; PROTECTION; SURFACES; METALS AB The results from the first twelve months of alternate seawater immersion for test panels are presented here. After preparation, the test panels were either kept clean or deliberately contaminated with a set amount of NaCl and then coated with varying thicknesses of epoxy-polyamide coating and left at open-circuit or cathodically protected with a Zn anode. Visible corrosion was observed on samples that received chloride contamination but no cathodic protection, but multiple kinetics processes were observed on all the test panels. Though the alternate immersion regimen is not completed, results indicate that, although water uptake by the coating is significant and that the barrier properties of the coating are degrading, anodic dissolution is not proceeding to an appreciable extent on the non-contaminated surfaces. C1 [Policastro, S. A.; Eppard, S.; Lawrence, S. H.; Strom, M. J.; Martin, F. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rayne, R. J.] Mat Sci & Technol Div, Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hansen, D.] Univ Dayton Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Policastro, SA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Office of Naval Research. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-56677-947-0 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2012 VL 41 IS 15 BP 53 EP 74 DI 10.1149/1.3696870 PG 22 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA BDL64 UT WOS:000313673600005 ER PT J AU Jiang, J You, BJ Liu, E Apte, A Yarina, TR Myers, TE Lee, JS Francesconi, SC O'Guinn, ML Tsertsvadze, N Vephkhvadze, N Babuadze, G Sidamonidze, K Kokhreidze, M Donduashvili, M Onashvili, T Ismayilov, A Agayev, N Aliyev, M Muttalibov, N Richards, AL AF Jiang, Ju You, Brian J. Liu, Evan Apte, Anisha Yarina, Tamasin R. Myers, Todd E. Lee, John S. Francesconi, Stephen C. O'Guinn, Monica L. Tsertsvadze, Nikoloz Vephkhvadze, Nino Babuadze, Giorgi Sidamonidze, Ketevan Kokhreidze, Maka Donduashvili, Marina Onashvili, Tinatin Ismayilov, Afrail Agayev, Nigar Aliyev, Mubariz Muttalibov, Nizam Richards, Allen L. TI Development of three quantitative real-time PCR assays for the detection of Rickettsia raoultii, Rickettsia slovaca, and Rickettsia aeschlimannii and their validation with ticks from the country of Georgia and the Republic of Azerbaijan SO TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE R. raoultii; R. slovaca; R. aeschlimannii; Quantitative real-time PCR assays; The country of Georgia ID FEVER GROUP RICKETTSIA; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; SPOTTED-FEVER; ORIENTIA-TSUTSUGAMUSHI; BORNE RICKETTSIOSES; HYALOMMA-MARGINATUM; DISEASE; INFECTION; LYMPHADENOPATHY; IDENTIFICATION AB A previous surveillance study of human pathogens within ticks collected in the country of Georgia showed a relatively high infection rate for Rickettsia raoultii, R. slovaca, and R. aeschlimannii. These 3 spotted fever group rickettsiae are human pathogens: R. raoultii and R. slovaca cause tick-borne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA), and R. aeschlimannii causes an infection characterized by fever and maculopapular rash. Three quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays, Rraoul, Rslov, and Raesch were developed and optimized to detect R. raoultii, R. slovaca, and R. aeschlimannii, respectively, by targeting fragments of the outer membrane protein B gene (ompB) using species-specific molecular beacon or TaqMan probes. The 3 qPCR assays showed 100% specificity when tested against a rickettsiae DNA panel (n = 20) and a bacteria DNA panel (n = 12). The limit of detection was found to be at least 3 copies per reaction for all assays. Validation of the assays using previously investigated tick nucleic acid preparations, which included Rickettsia-free tick samples, tick samples that contain R. raoultii, R. slovaca, R. aeschlimannii, and other Rickettsia spp., gave 100% sensitivity for all 3 qPCR assays. In addition, a total of 65 tick nucleic acid preparations (representing 259 individual ticks) collected from the country of Georgia and the Republic of Azerbaijan in 2009 was tested using the 3 qPCR assays. R. raoultii, R. slovaca, and R. aeschlimannii were not detected in any ticks (n = 31) from the Republic of Azerbaijan, but in the ticks from the country of Georgia (n = 228) the minimal infection rate for R. raoultii and R. slovaca in Dermacentor marginatus was 10% and 4%, respectively, and for R. aeschlimannii in Haemaphysalis sulcata and Hyalomma spp. it was 1.9% and 20%, respectively. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Richards, Allen L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Lee, John S.; O'Guinn, Monica L.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Tsertsvadze, Nikoloz; Babuadze, Giorgi; Sidamonidze, Ketevan] Natl Ctr Dis Control, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Vephkhvadze, Nino; Kokhreidze, Maka; Donduashvili, Marina; Onashvili, Tinatin] Lab Minist Agr, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Ismayilov, Afrail; Agayev, Nigar] Republican Antiplague Stn, Baku, Azerbaijan. [Aliyev, Mubariz] Inst Med Prophylaxis, Baku, Azerbaijan. [Muttalibov, Nizam] Republican Hyg & Epidemiol Ctr, Baku, Azerbaijan. RP Richards, AL (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Allen.Richards@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [B0017 60000.000.0.B0017] FX Funding provided by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Work unit # B0017 60000.000.0.B0017. NR 28 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1877-959X J9 TICKS TICK-BORNE DIS JI Ticks Tick-Borne Dis. PY 2012 VL 3 IS 5-6 BP 326 EP 330 DI 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2012.10.004 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology GA 078EK UT WOS:000314081000014 PM 23182543 ER PT S AU Bernhardt, PA Fliflet, AW AF Bernhardt, Paul A. Fliflet, Arne W. GP IEEE TI Electric Field Glow Discharge inside Externally Excited Porous Spherical Cavity Resonators SO 2012 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM (APSURSI) SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation CY JUL 08-14, 2012 CL Chicago, IL SP Inst Electr Electron Engineers, IEEE Antennas & Propaga Soc AB A porous spherical cavity resonator (PSCR) provides amplification of externally incident electric fields a resonant frequencies corresponding to discrete modes. The PSCR has a mesh surface with a large number of polygon (hexagon and pentagon) holes. The size of the holes is adjusted to maximize the Q of the resonator for production of maximum internal electrical fields. Amplification factors for a PSCR can be over 1000. The high resonator Q, that may exceed 10000, requires precise tuning of the incident wave frequency to a resonant frequency. The PSCR can be placed in a low-pressure (1 T) gas chamber and excited by an external microwave horn to excite a chosen spherical cavity resonator mode. At the resonant frequency, a glow discharge can occur inside the cavity producing a plasma cloud in the shape of electric field modes that are excited. Varying the neutral gas pressure inside the chamber (1) yields variations in the glow discharge light intensity and (2) affects the shapes of the plasma cloud. If the plasma frequency in the electron cloud approaches the incident wave frequency, self-action produces localized regions of dense plasmas. The PSCR apparatus can be used to study cavity resonator modes in the low pressure environment and electromagnetic wave interactions in high pressure plasmas. C1 [Bernhardt, Paul A.; Fliflet, Arne W.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bernhardt, PA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Paul.Bernhardt@nrl.navy.mil NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-4673-0462-7 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2012 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDB29 UT WOS:000312442302049 ER PT S AU Chatterjee, D Rao, SM Kluskens, MS AF Chatterjee, Deb Rao, Sadasiva M. Kluskens, Michael S. GP IEEE TI Numerical Comparison of Exact and Asymptotic Methods for Sommerfeld Integral Evaluation with Applications to Microstrip Antennas SO 2012 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM (APSURSI) SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation CY JUL 08-14, 2012 CL Chicago, IL SP Inst Electr Electron Engineers, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc ID GREENS-FUNCTIONS; LAYERED MEDIA; TAILS; POLES AB In this paper a new method for evaluating Sommerfeld integrals for arbitrary source and receiver location pairs, for a horizontal electric dipole (HED) located at the air-dielectric interface of a PEC-terminated dielectric media, is described. The proposed method is valid for both large and small lateral separations, and for arbitrary receiver locations. Unlike past investigations, the proposed method avoids location, and associated residue calculation of the poles of the integrand through deforming a part of the real-axis in the upper half plane that is free from any pole singularities of the Sommerfeld integrand. Compared to an earlier investigation reported by the present authors, the present approach includes situations when both the source and receiver are exactly on the interface. C1 [Chatterjee, Deb] UMKC, CSEE Dept, 5110 Rockhill Rd, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Rao, Sadasiva M.; Kluskens, Michael S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chatterjee, D (reprint author), UMKC, CSEE Dept, 5110 Rockhill Rd, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. EM chatd@umkc.edu; sadasiva.rao@nrl.navy.mil; michael.kluskens@nrl.navy.mil NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-4673-0462-7 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2012 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDB29 UT WOS:000312442300380 ER PT S AU Ettorre, M Rudolph, SM Grbic, A AF Ettorre, Mauro Rudolph, Scott M. Grbic, Anthony GP IEEE TI A Leaky Radial Waveguide for Generating Propagating Bessel Beams SO 2012 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM (APSURSI) SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation CY JUL 08-14, 2012 CL Chicago, IL SP Inst Electr Electron Engineers, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc AB We report a leaky radial waveguide that can generate propagating Bessel beams by supporting an azimuthally invariant leaky-wave mode. The normal electric-field component of the mode is a truncated, zeroth-order Bessel function. Design relations for the radial waveguide are provided based on a vector field approach in contrast to previous scalar-based approaches. Electric field measurements and their respective Fourier transforms validate the operation of the prototype as a Bessel-beam launcher. In particular, the Fourier transform of the measured electric field exhibits a ring in the spectral domain at the operating frequency, as expected for Bessel beams. The proposed structure can be used for generating arbitrary zeroth-order propagating Bessel beams at microwave or millimeter-wave frequencies. C1 [Ettorre, Mauro] Univ Rennes 1, Inst Elect & Telecommun Rennes, UMR CNRS 6164, F-35042 Rennes, France. [Rudolph, Scott M.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Grbic, Anthony] Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Ettorre, M (reprint author), Univ Rennes 1, Inst Elect & Telecommun Rennes, UMR CNRS 6164, F-35042 Rennes, France. EM mauro.ettorre@univ-rennes1.fr; scott.rudolph@nrl.navy.mil; agrbic@umich.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-4673-0462-7 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2012 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDB29 UT WOS:000312442302079 ER PT S AU Rao, SM Chatterjee, D AF Rao, Sadasiva M. Chatterjee, Deb GP IEEE TI A Simple Procedure to Evaluate Sommefeld Integrals in Layered Media Problems SO 2012 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM (APSURSI) SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation CY JUL 08-14, 2012 CL Chicago, IL SP Inst Electr Electron Engineers, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc AB In this work, we develop a numerical method to evaluate the Sommerfeld Integrals appearing in layered media problems using Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind. Chebyshev polynomials are important in approximation theory because the roots of the Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind can be used for polynomial interpolation to a high degree of accuracy. The resulting algorithm is much simpler than the conventional discrete complex image method. A few representative numerical examples are presented to illustrate the applicability of the new method. C1 [Rao, Sadasiva M.] USN, Div Radar, Res Lab, Code 5314, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Chatterjee, Deb] Univ Missouri Kansas City UMKC, CSEE Dept, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. RP Rao, SM (reprint author), USN, Div Radar, Res Lab, Code 5314, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-4673-0462-7 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2012 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDB29 UT WOS:000312442300179 ER PT S AU Saakian, A AF Saakian, Artem GP IEEE TI CEM Optimization of the HF Antennas Installations Onboard the Aircraft SO 2012 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM (APSURSI) SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation CY JUL 08-14, 2012 CL Chicago, IL SP Inst Electr Electron Engineers, IEEE Antennas & Propaga Soc AB A novel approach is considered for optimal installation of Notch-Fed (NF) and Shunt-Fed (SF) High Frequency (HF) slot-antennas onboard aircraft (a/c). A numerical experiment is employed while the a/c is illuminated by a plane wave incident from the direction of the proposed antenna's desired radiation. This allows identifying the optimal position of the HF antenna by placing it in the areas of maximal induced current density to obtain desired radiation direction, for given polarization, and frequency. For the highest achievable radiation efficiency, the antenna slot must be positioned perpendicular to the surface current lines. In general, this proposed approach is applicable to all cases when the size of the a/c is comparable to a wavelength. C1 USN, Air Syst Command, Radar & Antennas Syst Div 4 5 5, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Saakian, A (reprint author), USN, Air Syst Command, Radar & Antennas Syst Div 4 5 5, Patuxent River, MD USA. EM artem.saakian@navy.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-4673-0462-7 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2012 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDB29 UT WOS:000312442301351 ER PT S AU Wagner, KT Doroslovacki, MI AF Wagner, Kevin T. Doroslovacki, Milos I. GP IEEE TI COMPLEX PROPORTIONATE-TYPE NORMALIZED LEAST MEAN SQUARE ALGORITHMS SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING (ICASSP) SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY MAR 25-30, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Signal Processing Soc, IEEE DE Adaptive filtering; convergence; least mean square algorithms AB A complex proportionate-type normalized least mean square algorithm is derived by minimizing the second norm of the weighted difference between the current estimate of the impulse response and the estimate at the next time step under the constraint that the adaptive filter a posteriori output is equal to the measured output. The weighting function is assumed positive but otherwise arbitrary and it is directly related to the update gains. No assumptions regarding the input signal are made during the derivation. Different weights (i.e., gains) are used for real and imaginary parts of the estimated impulse response. After additional assumptions special cases of the algorithm are obtained: the algorithm with one gain per impulse response coefficient and the algorithm with lower computational complexity. The learning curves of the algorithms are compared for several standard gain assignment laws for white and colored input. It was demonstrated that, in general, the algorithms with separate gains for real and imaginary parts have faster convergence. C1 [Wagner, Kevin T.] USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wagner, KT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4673-0046-9 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2012 BP 3285 EP 3288 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BDA84 UT WOS:000312381403090 ER PT S AU Raj, RG Bovik, AC AF Raj, Raghu G. Bovik, Alan C. GP IEEE TI The Multilinear Compound Gaussian Distribution SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING (ICASSP) SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY MAR 25-30, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Signal Processing Soc, IEEE DE GSM; MICA; MCG; Bayesian; Nonlinear AB We introduce a novel generalization of the compound Gaussian (CG) (or Gaussian Scale Mixture [1]) distribution which extends the Gaussian component of the CG model to a multilinear distribution. The resulting model, which we call the Multilinear Compound Gaussian (MCG) distribution, subsumes both GSM [1] and the previously developed MICA [3-4] distributions as complementary special cases; thereby allowing us to model a richer class of stochastic phenomena. First we derive the structural characterization of the MCG distribution and develop some of its important theoretical properties. Thereafter we describe a parameter estimation algorithm for learning this model from sample data, and then deploy this for modeling textures, including natural (i.e. optical) and SAR images. Our simulation results demonstrate how, for each case, we obtain improved performance over the CG model; thus indicating the versatility of the MCG model in accurately modeling various natural phenomena of interest. C1 [Raj, Raghu G.] USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Raj, RG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Bovik, Alan/B-6717-2012 OI Bovik, Alan/0000-0001-6067-710X NR 9 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4673-0046-9 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2012 BP 3849 EP 3852 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BDA84 UT WOS:000312381403229 ER PT S AU Kirkendall, C AF Kirkendall, Clay BE Liao, Y Jin, W Sampson, DD Yamauchi, R Chung, Y Nakamura, K Rao, Y TI Fiber optic acoustic sensing SO 22ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OPTICAL FIBER SENSORS, PTS 1-3 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors (OFS) CY OCT 15-19, 2012 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Tsinghua Univ, Hong Kong Polytechn Univ, BeiHang Univ, Harbin Engn Univ, Wuhan Univ Technol DE hydrophone; fiber optic; interferometric sensor; fiber laser sensor; vector sensor ID ACCELEROMETERS AB A review of fiber optic acoustic sensors for naval applications is presented. Limitations of fiber interferometric sensors are described and novel acoustic sensor transducers enabled through fiber laser sensor technology are presented. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kirkendall, C (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 13 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9103-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8421 AR 84210P DI 10.1117/12.979484 PG 6 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BDF39 UT WOS:000313011500021 ER PT J AU Jenn, D Ton, C AF Jenn, David Ton, Cuong TI Wind Turbine Radar Cross Section SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article AB The radar cross section (RCS) of a wind turbine is a figure of merit for assessing its effect on the performance of electronic systems. In this paper, the fundamental equations for estimating the wind turbine clutter signal in radar and communication systems are presented. Methods of RCS prediction are summarized, citing their advantages and disadvantages. Bistatic and monostatic RCS patterns for two wind turbine configurations, a horizontal axis three-blade design and a vertical axis helical design, are shown. The unique electromagnetic scattering features, the effect of materials, and methods of mitigating wind turbine clutter are also discussed. C1 [Jenn, David] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Ton, Cuong] USN, Weap Div, Air Warfare Ctr, Point Mugu Nawc, CA 93042 USA. RP Jenn, D (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, 833 Dyer Rd,Room 437, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jenn@nps.edu NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 11 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1687-5869 J9 INT J ANTENN PROPAG JI Int. J. Antennas Propag. PY 2012 AR 252689 DI 10.1155/2012/252689 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 069OM UT WOS:000313446000001 ER PT S AU Dalmasse, K Pariat, E Antiochos, SK DeVore, CR AF Dalmasse, K. Pariat, E. Antiochos, S. K. DeVore, C. R. BE Faurobert, M Fang, C Corbard, T TI CORONAL JETS IN AN INCLINED CORONAL MAGNETIC FIELD: A PARAMETRIC 3D MHD STUDY SO UNDERSTANDING SOLAR ACTIVITY: ADVANCES AND CHALLENGES SE EAS Publications Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th French-Chinese Meeting on Solar Physics CY NOV 15-18, 2011 CL Nice, FRANCE SP CNRS, Programme Natl Soleil-Terre, Univ Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Observ Cote Azur, UNS-CNRS, Lab Fizeau, OCA-CNRS, Lab Cassiopee, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China ID X-RAY JETS; HINODE AB X-ray solar coronal jets are short-duration, fast, well collimated plasma brightenings occurring in the solar corona. To explain and understand the processes driving the jets, one must be able to model an explosive release of free energy. Magnetic reconnection is believed to play a key role in the generation of these energetic bursting events. The model of jets that we have been developing is based on a magnetic field constructed by embedding a vertical magnetic dipole in a uniform open magnetic field. In this study, we investigate the influence of the inclination of the open field on the properties of the jet using numerical simulations. We will show that the inclination of the open field is of critical importance for the properties of the jet such as the energy released. We conclude that the characteristics of the open field at the time of observations are a central criterion that must be taken into account and reported on in observational studies. C1 [Dalmasse, K.; Pariat, E.] Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris 06, LESIA, Observ Paris,CNRS, Paris, France. [Antiochos, S. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Space Weather Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [DeVore, C. R.] Naval Res Lab, Lab Comptuat Phy & Fluid Mech, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dalmasse, K (reprint author), Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris 06, LESIA, Observ Paris,CNRS, Paris, France. EM kevin.dalmasse@laposte.net; etienne.pariat@obspm.fr RI Antiochos, Spiro/D-4668-2012; DeVore, C/A-6067-2015 OI Antiochos, Spiro/0000-0003-0176-4312; DeVore, C/0000-0002-4668-591X NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1633-4760 BN 978-2-7598-0752-9 J9 EAS PUBLICATIONS PY 2012 VL 55 BP 201 EP + DI 10.1051/eas/1255028 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDE82 UT WOS:000312967500028 ER PT S AU Zeller, J Manzur, T AF Zeller, John Manzur, Tariq BE Carapezza, EM TI Free-space optical communication at 1.55 mu m and 4.85 mu m and turbulence measurements in the evaporation layer SO UNMANNED/UNATTENDED SENSORS AND SENSOR NETWORKS IX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unmanned/Unattended Sensors and Sensor Networks IX CY SEP 26-27, 2012 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE, SELEX GALILEO, THALES DE Free-space optics; evaporation layer; communication networks; MODTRAN; quantum cascade lasers ID REFRACTIVE-INDEX; PARAMETER AB Free-space optics (FSO) holds the potential for high bandwidth communication in situations where landline communication is not practical, with relatively low cost and maintenance. The short-wave infrared (SWIR) and mid-wave infrared (MWIR) bands contain atmospheric transmission windows spanning approximately 1.50-1.75 mu m and 4.6-4.9 mu m, respectively. Transmission coefficients and losses were modeled using MODTRAN for optical path lengths of up to 2 km to for various atmospheric conditions. The determination of the refractive index structure parameter C-n(2) is useful in calculating the time-dependent Fried parameter, r(0), which provides an indication of the magnitude of the phase distortion of an optical wavefront by scintillation in accordance with the Kalomogorov model. By better understanding the effects of turbulence and C-n(2) on FSO transmission through modeling and experimental measurements, measures can be implemented to reduce the bit error rate and increase data throughput, enabling more efficient and accurate communication links. FSO beam optimization is achievable using a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor, whereby wavefront distortion of a transmitted beam is measured to compensate in real time for the effects of turbulence to provide optimized FSO reception. Using advanced techniques and compensation methods, limitations associated with infrared FSO transmission and reception in the evaporation layer may be overcome or circumvented to provide high bandwidth communication through turbulence and/or adverse weather conditions. C1 [Zeller, John; Manzur, Tariq] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr NUWC, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Zeller, J (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr NUWC, Newport, RI 02841 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9281-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8540 AR 85400C DI 10.1117/12.978292 PG 12 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BDH73 UT WOS:000313292600008 ER PT S AU Zeller, J Manzur, T Kar, A AF Zeller, John Manzur, Tariq Kar, Aravinda BE Carapezza, EM TI Uncooled MWIR SiC optical detector response dynamics and digital imaging SO UNMANNED/UNATTENDED SENSORS AND SENSOR NETWORKS IX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unmanned/Unattended Sensors and Sensor Networks IX CY SEP 26-27, 2012 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE, SELEX GALILEO, THALES DE Silicon carbide; uncooled detector; wide bandgap; optical detector; response dynamics; mid-wave infrared ID SILICON-CARBIDE AB Crystalline silicon carbide (SiC) is a wide bandgap covalent semiconductor material with excellent thermo-mechanical and optical properties. While the covalent bonding between the Si and C atoms allows n-type or p-type doping by incorporating dopant atoms into both the Si and C sites, the wide bandgap enables fabrication of optical detectors over a wide range of wavelengths. To fabricate a mid-wave infrared (MWIR) detector, an n-type 4H-SiC substrate is doped with Ga using a laser doping technique. The Ga atoms produce an acceptor level of 0.30 eV which corresponds to the MWIR wavelength of 4.21 mu m. Photons of this wavelength excite electrons from the valence band to the acceptor level, thereby modifying the electron density, refractive index, and reflectance of the substrate. This change in reflectance constitutes the detector response. The dynamics of the detector response are studied by placing a chopper at a constant angular velocity between the MWIR radiation source and the detector. The imaging capability of the detector is established by reflecting incoherent light at a wavelength of 633 nm, which is produced by projecting illumination from a light-emitting diode (LED) off the detector towards a CMOS camera and examining the digital output of the camera to determine the relative intensity of the incident radiation. In addition, a mathematical model is presented to analyze the dynamic response and determine the electron density and lifetime in the acceptor level. C1 [Zeller, John; Manzur, Tariq] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Kar, Aravinda] Univ Cent Florida, Coll Optic & Photon, Ctr Res & Educ Optic & Lasers CREOL, Dept Mech, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Zeller, J (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. FU Undersea Warfare Electromagnetic Systems Development Program, Newport, RI, USA FX This research was partially supported by the Undersea Warfare Electromagnetic Systems Development Program, Newport, RI, USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9281-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8540 AR 854007 DI 10.1117/12.2009521 PG 9 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BDH73 UT WOS:000313292600004 ER PT S AU Shaw, JL Yater, JE Jensen, KL Pate, BB Hanna, JM Feygelson, TI AF Shaw, J. L. Yater, J. E. Jensen, K. L. Pate, B. B. Hanna, J. M. Feygelson, T. I. GP IEEE TI Development of a diamond transmitted secondary electron source SO 2012 25TH INTERNATIONAL VACUUM NANOELECTRONICS CONFERENCE (IVNC) SE International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference (IVNC) CY JUL 09-13, 2012 CL Jeju Island, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Korea Univ, Inst Nanotechnol, Korea Univ, WCU Flexible Nanosyst Grp, Korea Univ, BK21 Informat Technol Div, Elect & Telecommun Res Inst (ETRI), Korean Informat Display Soc (KIDS), Korean Carbon Soc, Electron Devices Soc (EDS), AVS DE diamond; NEA; electron beam amplifier ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL AB We are developing a vacuum electron source using electrons transmitted through thin films of diamond. Calculations suggest this cold electron source is capable of providing total average currents in excess of 1A as well as energy spread below 0.5 eV and current densities roughly 100 times higher than conventional dispenser cathodes. We are growing diamond films with excellent quality and developing fabrication and processing methods required to create a transmitted secondary electron source. C1 [Shaw, J. L.; Yater, J. E.; Jensen, K. L.; Pate, B. B.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hanna, J. M.] Beam Wave Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Feygelson, T. I.] SAIC McLean, McLean, VA USA. RP Shaw, JL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jon.shaw@nrl.navy.mil RI Jensen, Kevin/I-1269-2015; Pate, Bradford/B-4752-2010 OI Jensen, Kevin/0000-0001-8644-1680; Pate, Bradford/0000-0002-3288-2947 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 2164-2370 BN 978-1-4673-1983-6; 978-1-4673-1982-9 J9 INT VACUUM NANOELECT PY 2012 BP 56 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BDD81 UT WOS:000312875600017 ER PT J AU Lee, G Bertino, E Rubin, S Khoshgoftaar, TM Thuraisingham, B McCaffrey, J AF Lee, Gordon Bertino, Elisa Rubin, Stuart Khoshgoftaar, Taghi M. Thuraisingham, Bhavani McCaffrey, James BE Zhang, C Joshi, J Bertino, E Thuraisingham, B TI Panel: Using Information Re-Use and Integration Principles in Big Data SO 2012 IEEE 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION REUSE AND INTEGRATION (IRI) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th IEEE International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration (IEEE IRI) / DIM / WICSOC / IEEE EM- RITE / IRI-HI CY AUG 08-10, 2012 CL Las Vegas, NV SP IEEE Syst Man & Cybernet Soc (IEEE SMC), Soc Informat Reuse & Integrat (SIRI), IEEE C1 [Lee, Gordon] San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Bertino, Elisa] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Rubin, Stuart] US Navy, SSC PAC, Washington, DC USA. [Khoshgoftaar, Taghi M.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. [Thuraisingham, Bhavani] Univ Texas Dallas, Dallas, TX USA. [McCaffrey, James] Microsoft, Redmond, WA USA. RP Lee, G (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-2284-3 PY 2012 BP XXVI EP XXVI PG 1 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BDC08 UT WOS:000312540300004 ER PT S AU Ngo, H Shafer, J Ives, R Rakvic, R Broussard, R AF Ngo, Hau Shafer, Jennifer Ives, Robert Rakvic, Ryan Broussard, Randy GP IEEE TI Real Time Iris Segmentation on FPGA SO 2012 IEEE 23RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATION-SPECIFIC SYSTEMS, ARCHITECTURES AND PROCESSORS (ASAP) SE IEEE International Conference on Application-Specific Systems Architectures and Processors LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd IEEE International Conference on Application-Specific Systems, Architectures and Processors (ASAP) CY JUL 09-11, 2012 CL Delft Univ Technol, Delft, NETHERLANDS SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Maxeler Technologies, Synopsys HO Delft Univ Technol DE iris segmentation; iris recognition; Canny edge detection; on-chip buffering; pipeline and parallel architecture; FPGA-based real time processing ID ALGORITHM AB In this paper, a real time FPGA-based iris segmentation system is presented. The segmentation method implements the Canny edge detection algorithm and a circle search to detect an iris in an image or video frame. The proposed high performance architecture utilizes on-chip memory to significantly improve the throughput of the pipelined and parallel structure. A data forwarding technique is incorporated in the design to efficiently utilize the FPGA's embedded resources. The proposed architecture demonstrates a high speed processing capability that will facilitate the use of dedicated hardware to support an iris recognition application for large databases. C1 [Ngo, Hau; Shafer, Jennifer; Ives, Robert; Rakvic, Ryan] USN Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Broussard, Randy] USN Acad, Weap & Syst Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Ngo, H (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM ngo@usna.edu; shafer@usna.edu; ives@usna.edu; rakvic@usna.edu; broussar@usna.edu NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1063-6862 BN 978-0-7695-4768-8 J9 IEEE INT CONF ASAP PY 2012 BP 1 EP 7 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BDD03 UT WOS:000312737700004 ER PT B AU Fischer, TC Crenshaw, DM Kraemer, SB Schmitt, HR Turner, TJ AF Fischer, Travis C. Crenshaw, D. M. Kraemer, S. B. Schmitt, H. R. Turner, T. J. BE Chartas, G Hamann, F Leighly, KM TI AGN Narrow-Line Kinematics: Determining Inclinations via Outflows SO AGN WINDS IN CHARLESTON SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on AGN Winds in Charleston CY OCT 15-18, 2011 CL Coll Charleston, Charleston, SC HO Coll Charleston ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; MASS OUTFLOWS; DUSTY TORI; NGC 4151; REGION; DISK; GAS AB Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are axisymmetric systems in which their observed properties are strong functions of inclination with respect to our line of sight. However, except for a few special cases, the specific inclinations of individual AGN are unknown. We have developed a promising technique for determining the inclinations of nearby AGN by mapping the kinematics of their narrow-line regions (NLRs), which are easily resolved with Hubble Space Telescope (HST) [O III] imaging and long-slit spectra from STIS. Our studies indicate that NLR kinematics dominated by radial outflow can be fit with simple biconical outflow models that can be used to determine the inclination of the bicone axis, and hence the obscuring torus, with respect to our line of sight. Using inclinations determined from models of 17 individual AGN, we can for the first time assess the effect of inclination on other observable parameters in radio-quiet AGN, including the discovery of a distinct correlation between AGN inclination and X-ray column density. As our line of sight with respect to the bicone axis increases, the torus surrounding the AGN becomes closer to edge-on and we see a seamless increase in column density between Seyfert 1 and Seyfert 2 galaxies. C1 [Fischer, Travis C.; Crenshaw, D. M.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Astron Off, 1 Pk Pl S SE,Suite 700, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Kraemer, S. B.] Cathol Univ Amer, Inst Astrophys & Computat Sci Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Schmitt, H. R.] Naval Res Lab, Comp Phys, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. [Turner, T. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. RP Fischer, TC (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Astron Off, 1 Pk Pl S SE,Suite 700, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM fischer@chara.gsu.edu; kraemer@cua.edu; tjturner@umbc.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-802-2 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2012 VL 460 BP 154 EP + PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDA26 UT WOS:000312277500041 ER PT J AU Brown, TS Elster, EA Stevens, K Graybill, JC Gillern, S Phinney, S Salifu, MO Jindal, RM AF Brown, Trevor S. Elster, Eric A. Stevens, Kristin Graybill, J. Christopher Gillern, Suzanne Phinney, Samuel Salifu, Moro O. Jindal, Rahul M. TI Bayesian Modeling of Pretransplant Variables Accurately Predicts Kidney Graft Survival SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Renal allograft; Kidney transplant; United States Renal Data System; Graft failure; Bayesian Belief Network; Multivariate analysis ID NEURAL-NETWORK; TRANSPLANTATION; TECHNOLOGY; NOMOGRAMS; OUTCOMES; DONORS AB Introduction: Machine learning can enable the development of predictive models that incorporate multiple variables for a systems approach to organ allocation. We explored the principle of Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) to determine whether a predictive model of graft survival can be derived using pretransplant variables. Our hypothesis was that pretransplant donor and recipient variables, when considered together as a network, add incremental value to the classification of graft survival. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 5,144 randomly selected patients (age deceased donor kidney only, first-time recipients) from the United States Renal Data System database between 2000 and 2001. Using this dataset, we developed a machine-learned BBN that functions as a pretransplant organ-matching tool. Results: A network of 48 clinical variables was constructed and externally validated using an additional 2,204 patients of matching demographic characteristics. This model was able to predict graft failure within the first year or within 3 years (sensitivity 40%; specificity 80%; area under the curve, AUC, 0.63). Recipient BMI, gender, race, and donor age were amongst the pretransplant variables with strongest association to outcome. A 10-fold internal cross-validation showed similar results for 1-year (sensitivity 24%; specificity 80%; AUC 0.59) and 3-year (sensitivity 31%; specificity 80%; AUC 0.60) graft failure. Conclusion: We found recipient BMI, gender, race, and donor age to be influential predictors of outcome, while wait time and human leukocyte antigen matching were much less associated with outcome. BBN enabled us to examine variables from a large database to develop a robust predictive model. C1 [Brown, Trevor S.; Elster, Eric A.; Stevens, Kristin; Graybill, J. Christopher; Gillern, Suzanne; Phinney, Samuel] USN, Med Res Ctr, Regenerat Med Dept, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Stevens, Kristin] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Surg, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Elster, Eric A.; Graybill, J. Christopher; Gillern, Suzanne; Phinney, Samuel; Jindal, Rahul M.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Elster, Eric A.; Jindal, Rahul M.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Salifu, Moro O.] SUNY Downstate Univ Hosp, Div Transplantat, New York, NY USA. [Jindal, Rahul M.] George Washington Univ, Dept Med, Washington, DC USA. RP Jindal, RM (reprint author), Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Div Transplantat, 8901 Wisconsin Ave,Bldg 9,Room 1655, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM jindalr@msn.com RI Brown, Trevor/K-4703-2012; Brown, Trevor/F-7392-2015 OI Brown, Trevor/0000-0001-7042-785X; Brown, Trevor/0000-0001-7042-785X FU Health Resources and Services Administration [234-2005-37011C] FX Additionally, this work was supported in part by Health Resources and Services Administration contract 234-2005-37011C. The content is the responsibility of the authors alone and does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-8095 J9 AM J NEPHROL JI Am. J. Nephrol. PY 2012 VL 36 IS 6 BP 561 EP 569 DI 10.1159/000345552 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 062JN UT WOS:000312916200010 PM 23221105 ER PT J AU Rutherford, B Montgomery, MT AF Rutherford, B. Montgomery, M. T. TI A Lagrangian analysis of a developing and non-developing disturbance observed during the PREDICT experiment SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SIZE LYAPUNOV EXPONENTS; COHERENT STRUCTURES; HYPERBOLIC TRAJECTORIES; UNSTABLE MANIFOLDS; LOBE DYNAMICS; 2-DIMENSIONAL TURBULENCE; VELOCITY-FIELDS; MEANDERING JET; FLUID EXCHANGE; POLAR VORTEX AB The problem of tropical cyclone formation requires among other things an improved understanding of recirculating flow regions on sub-synoptic scales in a time evolving flow with typically sparse real-time data. This recirculation problem has previously been approached assuming as a first approximation both a layer-wise two-dimensional and nearly steady flow in a co-moving frame with the parent tropical wave or disturbance. This paper provides an introduction of Lagrangian techniques for locating flow boundaries that encompass regions of recirculation in time-dependent flows that relax the steady flow approximation. Lagrangian methods detect recirculating regions from time-dependent data and offer a more complete methodology than the approximate steady framework. The Lagrangian reference frame follows particle trajectories so that flow boundaries which constrain particle transport can be viewed in a frame-independent setting. Finite-time Lagrangian scalar field methods from dynamical systems theory offer a way to compute boundaries from grids of particles seeded in and near a disturbance. The methods are applied to both a developing and non-developing disturbance observed during the recent pre-depression investigation of cloud systems in the tropics (PREDICT) experiment. The data for this analysis is derived from global forecast model output that assimilated the dropsonde observations as they were being collected by research aircraft. Since Lagrangian methods require trajectory integrations, we address some practical issues of using Lagrangian methods in the tropical cyclogenesis problem. Lagrangian diagnostics are used to evaluate the previously hypothesized import of dry air into ex-Gaston, which did not re-develop into a tropical cyclone, and the exclusion of dry air from pre-Karl, which did become a tropical cyclone and later a major hurricane. C1 [Rutherford, B.; Montgomery, M. T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Rutherford, B (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. EM bdruther@nps.edu FU NSF [AGS-0733380, AGS-0851077]; NOAA's Hurricane Research Division in Miami, FL; NASA [NNH09AK561, NNG09HG031] FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of NSF AGS-0733380 and NSF AGS-0851077, NOAA's Hurricane Research Division in Miami, FL, and NASA grants NNH09AK561 and NNG09HG031. The viewpoints presented in this paper are those of BR and MTM and do not necessarily represent the viewpoints of the government funding agencies. We wish to thank Gerald Thomsen and the German Weather Service, as well as Mark Boothe, for providing the ECMWF data. NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 11 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2012 VL 12 IS 23 BP 11355 EP 11381 DI 10.5194/acp-12-11355-2012 PG 27 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 058WK UT WOS:000312665300009 ER PT S AU Cho, M Corredor, A Dribusch, C Park, WH Sheehan, M Johns, M Shectman, S Kern, J Hull, C Kim, YS Bagnasco, J AF Cho, Myung Corredor, Andrew Dribusch, Christoph Park, Won-Hyun Sheehan, Michael Johns, Matt Shectman, Stephen Kern, Jonathan Hull, Charlie Kim, Young-Soo Bagnasco, John BE Stepp, LM Gilmozzi, R Hall, HJ TI Performance Prediction of the Fast Steering Secondary Mirror for the Giant Magellan Telescope SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE TELESCOPES IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Telescopes IV CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE Extremely large telescope; GMT Secondary Mirror; optimum configuration; mirror support; image quality AB The Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) Fast-steering secondary mirror (FSM) is one of the GMT two Gregorian secondary mirrors. The FSM is 3.2 m in diameter and built as seven 1.1 m diameter circular segments conjugated 1: 1 to the seven 8.4m segments of the primary. A parametric study and optimization of the FSM mirror blank and central lateral flexure design were performed. For the optimized FSM configuration, the optical image qualities and structure functions for the axial and lateral gravity print-through cases, thermal gradient effects, and dynamic performances will be discussed. This paper reports performance predictions of the optimized FSM. To validate our lateral flexure design concept, mechanical and optical tests were conducted on test mirrors installed with two different lateral flexures. C1 [Cho, Myung] Natl Opt Astron Observ, GSMT Program Off, 950 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Corredor, Andrew; Dribusch, Christoph] Univ Arizona, Aerosp & Mech Engn Dept, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Park, Won-Hyun] Univ Arizona, Coll Optic Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Sheehan, Michael; Johns, Matt; Shectman, Stephen; Kern, Jonathan; Hull, Charlie] GMT Project Off, Pasadena, CA 91001 USA. [Kim, Young-Soo] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Daejeon, South Korea. [Bagnasco, John] Naval Postgraduate Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Cho, M (reprint author), Natl Opt Astron Observ, GSMT Program Off, 950 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM mcho@noao.edu FU GMT FX This research was carried out at the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, and was sponsored in part by the GMT. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the GMT Project Office. This work was partially contributed by the scientists, engineers, and students from KASI (KASI, KRISS, IAE, GIST) in Korea which is one of the key partners of the GMT. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9145-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8444 AR 844424 DI 10.1117/12.926374 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BDA16 UT WOS:000312276100071 ER PT S AU Johnson, TJ Harding, AK Venter, C Grove, JE AF Johnson, T. J. Harding, A. K. Venter, C. Grove, J. E. CA Fermi LAT Collaboration Pulsar Timing Consortium BE Aharonian, FA Hofmann, W Rieger, FM TI Modeling the Pulse Profiles of Millisecond Pulsars in the Second LAT Catalog of gamma-ray Pulsars SO HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Meeting on High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy CY JUL 09-13, 2012 CL Heidelberg, GERMANY SP Max-Planck-Inst Nucl Phys (MPIK), Springer Verlag, ISEG, W-IE-NE-R GmbH DE gamma rays: observations; pulsars: millisecond ID AREA TELESCOPE; LIGHT CURVES; RADIO AB Significant gamma-ray pulsations have been detected from similar to 40 millisecond pulsars (MSPs) using 3 years of sky-survey data from the Fermi LAT and radio timing solutions from across the globe. We have fit the radio and gamma-ray pulse profiles of these MSPs using geometric versions of slot gap and outer gap gamma-ray emission models and radio cone and core models. For MSPs with radio and gamma-ray peaks aligned in phase we also explore low-altitude slot gap gamma-ray models and caustic radio models. The best-fit parameters provide constraints on the viewing geometries and emission sites. While the exact pulsar magnetospheric geometry is unknown, we can use the increased number of known gamma-ray MSPs to look for significant trends in the population which average over these uncertainties. C1 [Johnson, T. J.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Harding, A. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Venter, C.] Northwest Univ, Ctr Space Res, Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Grove, J. E.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Johnson, TJ (reprint author), Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. EM tyrel.j.johnson@gmail.com FU NASA; DOE in the United States; CEA/Irfu; IN2P3/CNRS in France; ASI; INFN in Italy; MEXT; KEK; JAXA in Japan; Swedish Research Council and the National Space Board in Sweden; INAF in Italy; CNES in France for science analysis; NRL [NASA DPR S-15633-Y] FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges support from a number of agencies and institutes for both development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include NASA and DOE in the United States, CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS in France, ASI and INFN in Italy, MEXT, KEK, and JAXA in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support from INAF in Italy and CNES in France for science analysis during the operations phase is also gratefully acknowledged. Portions of this research performed at NRL are sponsored by NASA DPR S-15633-Y. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1123-4 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1505 BP 325 EP 328 DI 10.1063/1.4772263 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDB83 UT WOS:000312503500050 ER PT S AU Gasparrini, D Cavazzuti, E Cutini, S Dermer, CD Lott, B AF Gasparrini, D. Cavazzuti, E. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. D. Lott, B. CA Fermi-LAT Collaboration BE Aharonian, FA Hofmann, W Rieger, FM TI The Second Fermi-LAT AGN catalogue SO HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Meeting on High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy CY JUL 09-13, 2012 CL Heidelberg, GERMANY SP Max-Planck-Inst Nucl Phys (MPIK), Springer Verlag, ISEG, W-IE-NE-R GmbH DE catalogs; galaxies: active; gamma rays: observations AB The second catalog of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) in two years of scientific operation is presented. The Second LAT AGN Catalog (2LAC) includes 1017 gamma-ray sources located at high Galactic latitudes (vertical bar b vertical bar > 10deg) that are detected with a test statistic (TS) greater than 25 and associated statistically with AGNs. Consequently we define a Clean sample which includes 886 AGNs, comprising 395 BL Lacertae objects (BL Lacs), 310 flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), 157 candidate blazars of unknown type (i.e., with broad-band blazar characteristics but with no optical spectral measurement yet), eight misaligned AGNs, four narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1s), 10 AGNs of other types and two starburst galaxies. The full characterization of the newly detected sources will require more broad-band data. Various properties, such as gamma-ray fluxes and photon power law spectral indices, redshifts are presented and discussed for the different blazar classes. The general trends observed in 1LAC are confirmed. C1 [Gasparrini, D.; Cavazzuti, E.; Cutini, S.] ESRIN, ASDC, ASI Sci Data Ctr, Frascati, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Dermer, C. D.] INAF, Osservatorio astronomico Roma, Rome, Italy. [Dermer, C. D.] Div Space Sci, Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lott, B.] Univ Bordeaux, CNRS, CENBG, F-33175 Gradignan, France. RP Gasparrini, D (reprint author), ESRIN, ASDC, ASI Sci Data Ctr, Frascati, Italy. OI Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495 FU INAF; CNES FX Additional support from INAF in Italy and CNES in France for science analysis during the operations phase is also gratefully acknowledged. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1123-4 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1505 BP 478 EP 481 DI 10.1063/1.4772301 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDB83 UT WOS:000312503500088 ER PT B AU Brooks, DH Warren, HP AF Brooks, David H. Warren, Harry P. BE Sekii, T Watanabe, T Sakurai, T TI Constraints on the Heating Time Scale in Active Regions SO HINODE-3: THE 3RD HINODE SCIENCE MEETING SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Hinode Science Meeting CY DEC 01-04, 2009 CL Tokyo, JAPAN ID EMISSION-MEASURE PROFILES; EUV IMAGING SPECTROMETER; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET; CORONAL LOOPS; MOSS; TRACE; BRIGHTENINGS; TEMPERATURE; HINODE AB Understanding the heating time scale is important for constraining models of active region emission. Hinode observations of moss at the bases of high temperature active region core loops are allowing us to study this problem in unprecedented detail. Here we discuss some of our recent results studying the variability of moss properties such as intensity, magnetic flux. Doppler and non-thermal velocity. We find that most of these quantities are relatively constant. One interpretation is that the heating is therefore effectively steady, i.e., heating events occur with a rapid repetition rate. Alternatively, the heating could be low frequency, but only if it occurs on sub-resolution spatial scales. C1 [Brooks, David H.; Warren, Harry P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Brooks, DH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-790-2 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2012 VL 454 BP 189 EP 192 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDA28 UT WOS:000312283700041 ER PT B AU Vourlidas, A AF Vourlidas, Angelos BE Sekii, T Watanabe, T Sakurai, T TI Science Highlights from the First Three Years of CME Observations from STEREO/SECCHI SO HINODE-3: THE 3RD HINODE SCIENCE MEETING SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Hinode Science Meeting CY DEC 01-04, 2009 CL Tokyo, JAPAN ID SOLAR-CYCLE; MASS; SECCHI AB Since early 2007, the SECCH I experiment aboard the STEREO mission has been observing the Sun and the heliosphere from two varying vantage points using EUV disk imagers, coronagraphs and heliospheric imagers. Despite the prolonged solar minimum, the unprecedented coverage of solar eruptions from the low corona to beyond I AU is providing many new and fundamental insights into the physics of CME formation, initiation and propagation. Here, I highlight a few key results and outline possible scientific synergies between the STEREO and the Hinode payloads. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Vourlidas, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009 OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-790-2 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2012 VL 454 BP 367 EP 374 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDA28 UT WOS:000312283700081 ER PT S AU Cooper, KP Wachter, RF AF Cooper, Khershed P. Wachter, Ralph F. BE Postek, MT Coleman, VA Orji, NG TI High-rate, Roll-to-Roll Nanomanufacturing of Flexible Systems SO INSTRUMENTATION, METROLOGY, AND STANDARDS FOR NANOMANUFACTURING, OPTICS, AND SEMICONDUCTORS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Instrumentation, Metrology, and Standards for Nanomanufacturing, Optics, and Semiconductors VI CY AUG 13-14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Nanomaterials; nanomanufacturing; flexible electronics; system-on-film; roll-to-roll ID FUEL-CELLS AB Since the National Nanotechnology Initiative was first announced in 2000, nanotechnology has developed an impressive catalog of nano-scale structures with building-blocks such as nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanorods, nanopillars, and quantum dots. Similarly, there are accompanying materials processes such as, atomic layer deposition, pulsed layer deposition, nanoprinting, nanoimprinting, transfer printing, nanolithography and nanopatterning. One of the challenges of nanomanufacturing is scaling up these processes reliably and affordably. Roll-to-roll manufacturing is a means for scaling up, for increasing throughput. It is high-speed production using a continuous, moving platform such as a web or a flexible substrate. The adoption of roll-to-roll to nanomanufacturing is novel. The goal is to build structures and devices with nano-scale features and specific functionality. The substrate could be a polymer, metal foil, silk, cloth or paper. The materials to build the structures and multi-level devices could be organic, inorganic or biological. Processing could be solution-based, e. g., ink-jet printing, or vacuum-based, e. g., chemical vapor deposition. Products could be electronics, optoelectronics, membranes, catalysts, microfluidics, lab-on-film, filters, etc. By this means, processing of large and conformal areas is achievable. High-throughput translates into low cost, which is the attraction of roll-to-roll nanomanufacturing. There are technical challenges requiring fundamental scientific advances in materials and process development and in manufacturing and system-integration where achieving nano-scale feature size, resolution and accuracy at high speeds can be major hurdles. We will give an overview of roll-to-roll nanomanufacturing with emphasis on the need to understand the material, process and system complexities, the need for instrumentation, measurement, and process control and describe the concept of cyber-enabled nanomanufacturing for reliable and predictable production. C1 [Cooper, Khershed P.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wachter, Ralph F.] Natl Sci Fdn, Arlington, VA 22230 USA. RP Cooper, KP (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM khershed.cooper@nrl.navy.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 21 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9183-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8466 AR 846602 DI 10.1117/12.940775 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BDE68 UT WOS:000312962300002 ER PT J AU Moses, WJ Philpot, WD AF Moses, Wesley J. Philpot, William D. TI Evaluation of atmospheric correction using bi-temporal hyperspectral images SO ISRAEL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE atmospheric correction; hyperspectral; Pseudo-Invariant Features (PIFs); MODTRAN; 6S; FLAASH; TAFKAA_6S; Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF); anisotropy index (ANIX) ID OCEAN COLOR; LANDSAT TM; RADIOMETRIC NORMALIZATION; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; REFLECTANCE; ALGORITHM; MODTRAN4; MAD; UPGRADES; FEATURES AB Atmospheric correction of hyperspectral image data is frequently a requirement for using remote sensing to understand and quantify various phenomena that take place on the Earth. This is particularly true when the analysis requires the use of spectral reflectance. Although sophisticated models exist that can be used to perform atmospheric correction, evaluating the performance of these procedures is non-trivial. In this study, two atmospheric correction programs, FLAASH (based on MODTRAN 4), and TAFKAA_6S (based on 6S), were applied to a pair of images of the same area but collected six weeks apart. The results of the two atmospheric correction procedures are analyzed based on the expected stability of pseudo-invariant features (PIFs). Although both procedures performed rather well in terms of removing atmospheric absorption features in the infrared region, the analysis identified some anomalous behaviors as well, the most important of which appears to be related to the bidirectional reflectance distribution of the forest pixels selected as PIFs. C1 [Moses, Wesley J.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Philpot, William D.] Cornell Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. RP Moses, WJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM wesley.moses@nrl.navy.mil OI Moses, Wesley/0000-0003-3551-6093; Philpot, William/0000-0002-5283-4774 FU National Research Council; American Society for Engineering Education Senior Faculty Fellowship FX This work was supported in part by the National Research Council Research Associateship awarded to W.J. Moses and the American Society for Engineering Education Senior Faculty Fellowship awarded to W. D. Philpot. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0792-9978 EI 2223-8980 J9 ISR J PLANT SCI JI Isr. J. Plant Sci. PY 2012 VL 60 IS 1-2 BP 253 EP 263 DI 10.1560/IJPS.60.1-2.253 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 060JO UT WOS:000312773500020 ER PT S AU Cleveland, ER Glembocki, O Prokes, SM AF Cleveland, Erin R. Glembocki, Orest Prokes, S. M. BE Kobayashi, NP Talin, AA Islam, MS TI Plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of silver thin films for applications in plasmonics and surface-enhanced Raman scattering SO NANOEPITAXY: MATERIALS AND DEVICES IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nanoepitaxy - Materials and Devices IV CY AUG 15-16, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition; SERS; anodic aluminum oxide; plasmonic; silver ID ANODIC ALUMINA; SPECTROSCOPY AB We have employed plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) as a means to create multi-layered nano-composite structures in order to enhance the plasmonic behavior and SERS response in the detection of benzenethiol (BZT). Ag PEALD films were deposited within nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates of various pore depths, using Ag(fod)(PEt3)(fod= 2,2-dimethyl-6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluorooctane-3,5-dionato) as the precursor. We have examined the polycrystalline microstructure and conformality of the Ag films across the surface of an AAO template as well as into the pores, which varies significantly as thicknesses decrease. Furthermore, we investigated the plasmonic behavior of these films by performing SERS as a function of the Ag microstructure and conformality within the nanopores, using a 785 nm laser excitation and BZT as a test molecule, which forms a self-assembled monolayer on the Ag surface. C1 [Cleveland, Erin R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Glembocki, Orest; Prokes, S. M.] South Naval Res Lab, Electron Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Cleveland, ER (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM erin.cleveland.ctr@nrl.navy.mil NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 24 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9184-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8467 AR 84670H DI 10.1117/12.929033 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics GA BDE69 UT WOS:000312962700006 ER PT S AU Prokes, SM Glembocki, OJ Cleveland, E AF Prokes, S. M. Glembocki, O. J. Cleveland, E. BE Kobayashi, NP Talin, AA Islam, MS TI Novel Optical Properties of Ag films deposited by Plasma Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition (PEALD) SO NANOEPITAXY: MATERIALS AND DEVICES IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nanoepitaxy - Materials and Devices IV CY AUG 15-16, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE ALD; plasmonics; Raman spectroscopy; SERS ID NANOSPHERE LITHOGRAPHY; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; SPECTROSCOPY AB We have deposited Ag metal via plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) and we investigated the novel optical behavior of this material. We have found that as-deposited flat PEALD Ag films exhibit unexpected plasmonic properties and the plasmonic enhancement can differ markedly, depending on the microstructure of the Ag film and the substrate. Electromagnetic field simulations indicate that this plasmonic behavior is due to air gaps that are an inherent property of the mosaic-like microstructure of the PEALD-grown Ag film. We also show that this material is plasmonic by itself. We have also investigated the effect of substrate on the plasmonic enhancement, as well deposition on fabric, which results in a flexible plasmonic material. C1 [Prokes, S. M.; Glembocki, O. J.; Cleveland, E.] USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Prokes, SM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU precursor synthesis; ONR FX The authors would like to thank Ed Foos for help with the precursor synthesis and ONR for funding support. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 18 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9184-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8467 AR 84670F DI 10.1117/12.970437 PG 12 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics GA BDE69 UT WOS:000312962700005 ER PT S AU deRada, S Ladner, S Arnone, RA AF deRada, Sergio Ladner, Sherwin Arnone, Robert A. BE Bostater, CR Mertikas, SP Neyt, X Nichol, C Cowley, DC Bruyant, JP TI Coupling ocean models and satellite derived optical fields to estimate LIDAR penetration and detection performance SO REMOTE SENSING OF THE OCEAN, SEA ICE, COASTAL WATERS, AND LARGE WATER REGIONS 2012 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing of the Ocean, Sea Ice, Coastal Waters and Large Water Regions CY SEP 26-27, 2012 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE, SELEX GALILEO, THALES DE LIDAR; Attenuation Length; Optical Depth; Penetration Depth; Mixed Layer; Gulf of Mexico ID ATTENUATION COEFFICIENT AB A global-scale climatological assessment of the temporal and spatial relationships between physical and optical ocean layers was previously performed to determine LIDAR efficiency for measuring the 3D Ocean. That effort provided estimates of laser sensor penetration depth (PD) in the global oceans and identified critical coupling between Mixed Layer Depth (MLD) and Optical Depth (OD) based on potential laser power and ensuing attenuation. We make use of a Bio-Physical ocean model configured for the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) along with remotely sensed satellite measurements to examine LIDAR performance in the Gulf of Mexico coastal regions. The 4Km GOM ocean model runs in near-real-time and produces physical and bio-optical fields which are coupled to in-house derived satellite bio-optical products such as the Diffuse Attenuation Coefficient at 490 nm (Kd(490)). PD and MLD are coupled to determine laser power efficiency rates across multiple attenuation lengths. The results illustrate the potential utilization of space-borne oceanographic LIDAR to penetrate through the water column, elucidating its applicability for a variety of scientific (characterization of the ocean subsurface layers) and applied (target detection) objectives. C1 [deRada, Sergio; Ladner, Sherwin] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Arnone, Robert A.] Univ Southern Mississippi, Stennis Space Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP deRada, S (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM derada@nrlssc.navy.mil NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9272-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8532 AR 85320T DI 10.1117/12.2007323 PG 8 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BDD80 UT WOS:000312874500026 ER PT J AU Carr, W Eonta, S Tate, C Kamimori, G AF Carr, W. Eonta, S. Tate, C. Kamimori, G. TI EFFECTS OF EXTENDED WAKEFULNESS OBSERVED DURING SPECIALIZED MILITARY TRAINING SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies (APSS) CY JUN 09-13, 2012 CL Boston, MA SP Associated Professi Sleep Soc (APSS) C1 [Carr, W.; Eonta, S.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Tate, C.] New Zealand Def Force, Auckland, New Zealand. [Kamimori, G.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CTR, STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 2012 VL 35 SU S MA 0213 BP A77 EP A77 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 063KH UT WOS:000312996500215 ER PT S AU Tsao, MA Ngo, HT Anderson, CR Sadilek, AC Pisacane, VL Giovane, F Corsaro, R Burchell, MJ Stansberry, EG Liou, JC AF Tsao, Michael A. Ngo, Hau T. Anderson, Christopher R. Sadilek, Albert C. Pisacane, Vincent L. Giovane, Frank Corsaro, Robert Burchell, Mark J. Stansberry, Eugene G. Liou, Jer-Chyi GP IEEE TI Prototyping and Testing a Debris Resistive Acoustic Grid Orbital Navy Sensor SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE (I2MTC) SE IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th Annual IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC) CY MAY 13-16, 2012 CL Graz, AUSTRIA SP IEEE, IEEE Instrumentat & Measurement Soc, IEEE Austria Sect, TU Graz, Virtual Vehicle Competence Ctr, Obuda Univ, European Acad Sci & Arts, Austrian Acad Sci, Int Soc Petr Engineers, Drilling Syst Automat Tech Sect, Arbeitskreis Hochschullehrer Messtechnik e.V. (AHMT), Joanneum Res, Austrian Ctr Competence Mechatron (ACCM), Platform Artemis Austria AB The Debris Resistive Acoustic Grid Orbital Navy Sensor (DRAGONS) is a spacecraft-mounted instrument designed to detect microscopic sized particles in polar and sun-synchronous orbits at 800-900 km which are currently undetectable by ground-based systems. Current orbital debris detection systems are dependent on ground based radars, which only have the capabilities to detect particles with a characteristic size greater than 0.5-1 cm at ranges less than 1000-2000 km [2]. Microscopic orbital debris can travel at relative velocities of 14 km/sec, which have the ability to severely damage subsystems of spacecrafts [1]. DRAGONS will provide quantitative information on microscopic orbital debris by combining two systems for particle detection, an acoustic subsystem as the primary system and a resistive grid subsystem as the secondary system. The acoustic subsystem measures the characteristic waveforms of impacting particles at the surface of the spacecraft. This impact is then verified simultaneously using the resistive grid subsystem, which changes in resistance as resistive lines break due to impacts on the surface of the spacecraft. The goal of the DRAGONS project is to use low power and inexpensive equipment that will update current debris models that have not accounted for these microscopic sized particles. C1 [Tsao, Michael A.; Ngo, Hau T.; Anderson, Christopher R.; Sadilek, Albert C.; Pisacane, Vincent L.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21412 USA. [Giovane, Frank] Virginia Tech Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Corsaro, Robert] Satera Def Solut, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Burchell, Mark J.] Univ Kent, Ctr Astrophy & Planetary Sci, Canterbury CT27NH, Kent, England. [Stansberry, Eugene G.; Liou, Jer-Chyi] NASA, Johnson Space Ctr Orbital Debris Off, Houston, TX 77058 USA. RP Tsao, MA (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21412 USA. OI Burchell, Mark/0000-0002-2680-8943 NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1091-5281 BN 978-1-4577-1771-0 J9 IEEE IMTC P PY 2012 BP 274 EP 279 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BCA46 UT WOS:000309449100054 ER PT S AU Huang, CF Yang, TC Liu, JY Burchfield, T Schindall, J AF Huang, Chen-Fen Yang, T. C. Liu, Jin-Yuan Burchfield, Tom Schindall, Jeff BE Zhou, J Li, Z Simmen, J TI Ocean Current Mapping Using Networked Distributed Sensors SO ADVANCES IN OCEAN ACOUSTICS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Ocean Acoustics (OA) CY MAY 21-25, 2012 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP U S Off Naval Res, Chinese Acad Sci (CAS), Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Acoust Soc Amer, Chinese Soc Oceanography, Acoust Soc China, Chinese Acad Sci (CAS), Inst Acoust (IOA), State Key Lab Acoust, Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab DE ocean acoustic tomography; current estimate; networked sensors ID ACOUSTIC TOMOGRAPHY; STRAIT; MODEL AB Distributed underwater sensors are expected to provide environmental (oceanographic) monitoring over large areas. As fabrication technology advances, low cost sensors will be available for many applications. The sensors communicate to each other and are networked using acoustic communications. This paper proposes a method for ocean current tomography using distributed networked sensors and presents preliminary experimental results by this approach. Conventional acoustic tomography uses the acoustic sensors distributed on the periphery of an area of interest. Environmental reconstruction requires solving a challenging high dimensional inverse problem, typically requiring substantial computational effort. Given distributed sensors, currents can be constructed locally based on data from neighboring sensors. It is shown using simulated data that results obtained by the proposed method are similar to those obtained by a conventional tomographic method based on peripheral sensors. In addition, one finds that the distributed sensors consume much less energy than that by the conventional tomographic approach. An acoustic communication and networking experiment was conducted near the Sizihwan Bay in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, in May 2011. The communication signals are analyzed to measure currents as a function of space and time. The procedure is simple and can be implemented in real-time using in-buoy processing. C1 [Huang, Chen-Fen] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Yang, T. C.; Liu, Jin-Yuan] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Appl Marine Phys & Undersea Technol, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan. [Liu, Jin-Yuan] Natl Taitung Univ, Taitung, Taiwan. [Burchfield, Tom; Schindall, Jeff] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Huang, CF (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. FU Office of Naval Research, USA; National Science Council of Taiwan [101-2611-M-002-007, 101-2218-E-110-001] FX This work is supported by the Office of Naval Research, USA, and National Science Council of Taiwan through contracts 101-2611-M-002-007 & 101-2218-E-110-001. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1107-4 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1495 BP 400 EP 407 DI 10.1063/1.4765935 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Acoustics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BDA04 UT WOS:000312258400032 ER PT J AU Samimi, A Scales, WA Bernhardt, PA Briczinski, SJ Selcher, CA McCarrick, MJ AF Samimi, A. Scales, W. A. Bernhardt, P. A. Briczinski, S. J. Selcher, C. A. McCarrick, M. J. TI On ion gyro-harmonic structuring in the stimulated electromagnetic emission spectrum during second electron gyro-harmonic heating SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE LA English DT Article DE Ionosphere; Active experiments; Plasma waves and instabilities ID DOWNSHIFTED PEAK; UPPER HYBRID; IONOSPHERE; FREQUENCY; INSTABILITY; WAVES AB Recent observations show that, during ionospheric heating experiments at frequencies near the second electron gyro-harmonic, discrete spectral lines separated by harmonics of the ion-gyro frequency appear in the stimulated electromagnetic emission (SEE) spectrum within 1 kHz of the pump frequency. In addition to the ion gyro-harmonic structures, on occasion, a broadband downshifted emission is observed simultaneously with these spectral lines. Parametric decay of the pump field into upper hybrid/electron Bernstein (UH/EB) and low-frequency ion Bernstein (IB) and oblique ion acoustic (IA) modes is considered responsible for generation of these spectral features. Guided by predictions of an analytical model, a two-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) computational model is employed to study the nonlinear processes during such heating experiments. The critical parameters that affect the spectrum, such as whether discrete gyroharmonic on broadband structures is observed, include angle of the pump field relative to the background magnetic field, pump field strength, and proximity of the pump frequency to the gyro-harmonic. Significant electron heating along the magnetic field is observed in the parameter regimes considered. C1 [Samimi, A.; Scales, W. A.] Virginia Tech, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Bernhardt, P. A.; Briczinski, S. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Selcher, C. A.] USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland, NM 87417 USA. [McCarrick, M. J.] Marsh Creek LLC, Gakona, AK USA. RP Samimi, A (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM arsamimi@vt.edu FU National Science Foundation; NRL 6.1 base program; NRC postdoc program FX The work at Virginia Tech is supported by the National Science Foundation. The work at the Naval Research Laboratory was supported by the NRL 6.1 base program. S. J. Briczinski is sponsored by the NRC postdoc program. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 0992-7689 J9 ANN GEOPHYS-GERMANY JI Ann. Geophys. PY 2012 VL 30 IS 11 BP 1587 EP 1594 DI 10.5194/angeo-30-1587-2012 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 058WT UT WOS:000312666300003 ER PT J AU Carman, JK Rossiter, DL Khelif, D Jonsson, HH Faloona, IC Chuang, PY AF Carman, J. K. Rossiter, D. L. Khelif, D. Jonsson, H. H. Faloona, I. C. Chuang, P. Y. TI Observational constraints on entrainment and the entrainment interface layer in stratocumulus SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CLOUD-TOP ENTRAINMENT; NOCTURNAL MARINE STRATOCUMULUS; MIXED LAYERS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; INSTABILITY; INVERSION; INTERFEROMETRY; AIRCRAFT; VELOCITY; PACIFIC AB Aircraft sampling of the stratocumulus-topped boundary layer (STBL) during the Physics of Stratocumulus Top (POST) experiment was primarily achieved using sawtooth flight patterns, during which the atmospheric layer 100 m above and below cloud top was sampled at a frequency of once every 2 min. The large data set that resulted from each of the 16 flights document the complex structure and variability of this interfacial region in a variety of conditions. In this study, we first describe some properties of the entrainment interface layer (EIL), where strong gradients in turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), potential temperature and moisture can be found. We find that defining the EIL by the first two properties tends to yield similar results, but that moisture can be a misleading tracer of the EIL. These results are consistent with studies using large-eddy simulations. We next utilize the POST data to shed light on and constrain processes relevant to entrainment, a key process in the evolution of the STBL that to-date is not well-represented even by high resolution models. We define "entrainment efficiency" as the ratio of the TKE consumed by entrainment to that generated within the STBL (primarily by cloud-top cooling). We find values for the entrainment efficiency that vary by 1.5 orders of magnitude, which is even greater than the one order magnitude that previous modeling results have suggested. Our analysis also demonstrates that the entrainment efficiency depends on the strength of the stratification of the EIL, but not on the TKE in the cloud top region. The relationships between entrainment efficiency and other STBL parameters serve as novel observational contraints for simulations of entrainment in such systems. C1 [Carman, J. K.; Rossiter, D. L.; Chuang, P. Y.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Khelif, D.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. [Jonsson, H. H.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Ctr Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft S, Monterey, CA USA. [Faloona, I. C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Chuang, PY (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM pchuang@ucsc.edu FU Physical Meteorology program of the National Science Foundation [0736046]; NSF/Physical Meteorology FX J. Carman, D. Rossiter and P. Chuang thank the Physical Meteorology program of the National Science Foundation (#0736046) for their support and encouragement for this project. D. Khelif also thanks NSF/Physical Meteorology for supporting his effort. The authors are very grateful to the CIRPAS Twin Otter pilots and technical staff for their hard work to ensure that the flights were successful. We also thank the rest of the POST science team, especially Herman Gerber, for their contributions and discussions before, during and after the field campaign. Lastly, we thank Rob Wood and Jonathan Petters for helpful discussions. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 15 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2012 VL 12 IS 22 BP 11135 EP 11152 DI 10.5194/acp-12-11135-2012 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 055JG UT WOS:000312411300033 ER PT S AU Prel, F Moreau, L Lantagne, S Bullis, RD Roy, C Vallieres, C Levesque, L AF Prel, Florent Moreau, Louis Lantagne, Stephane Bullis, Ritchie D. Roy, Claude Vallieres, Christian Levesque, Luc BE Kamerman, GW Steinvall, O Lewis, KL Hollins, RC Merlet, TJ Gruneisen, MT Dusek, M Rarity, JG Bishop, GJ Gonglewski, J TI Standoff Aircraft IR Characterization with ABB dual-band Hyper Spectral Imager SO ELECTRO-OPTICAL REMOTE SENSING, PHOTONIC TECHNOLOGIES, AND APPLICATIONS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Electro-Optical Remote Sensing, Photonic Technologies, and Applications VI CY SEP 24-26, 2012 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE, SELEX GALILEO, THALES AB Remote sensing infrared characterization of rapidly evolving events generally involves the combination of a spectro-radiometer and infrared camera(s) as separated instruments. Time synchronization, spatial coregistration, consistent radiometric calibration and managing several systems are important challenges to overcome; they complicate the target infrared characterization data processing and increase the sources of errors affecting the final radiometric accuracy. MR-i is a dual-band Hyperspectal imaging spectro-radiometer, that combines two 256 x 256 pixels infrared cameras and an infrared spectro-radiometer into one single instrument. This field instrument generates spectral datacubes in the MWIR and LWIR. It is designed to acquire the spectral signatures of rapidly evolving events. The design is modular. The spectrometer has two output ports configured with two simultaneously operated cameras to either widen the spectral coverage or to increase the dynamic range of the measured amplitudes. Various telescope options are available for the input port. Recent platform developments and field trial measurements performances will be presented for a system configuration dedicated to the characterization of airborne targets. C1 [Prel, Florent; Moreau, Louis; Lantagne, Stephane; Roy, Claude; Vallieres, Christian; Levesque, Luc] ABB, Remote Sensing Grp, 585 Charest Blvd E,Suite 300, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9H4, Canada. [Bullis, Ritchie D.] Patuxent River Infrared Signature Measurement P, Atlant Test Ranges Aircraft Signature Avion Measu, NAVAIR, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Prel, F (reprint author), ABB, Remote Sensing Grp, 585 Charest Blvd E,Suite 300, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9H4, Canada. EM florent.m.prel@ca.abb.com NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9283-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8542 AR 85422A DI 10.1117/12.974775 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BDA59 UT WOS:000312346500061 ER PT J AU Pizarro, M Iturriaga, R Silva, A Gallegos, S AF Pizarro, Marlene Iturriaga, Rodolfo Silva, Alejandro Gallegos, Sonia TI Unusual bloom of Tetraselmis sp in the Valparaiso Bay, Chile SO GAYANA BOTANICA LA Spanish DT Article ID RADIATION AB A bloom of Tetraselmis sp. was observed during the first days of January of 2006 in the Valparaiso Bay (32 degrees 57'S; 71 degrees 33'W), producing green coloration of sea and exclusion of phytoplankton species. Previous blooms of Tetraselmis sp. have not been observed in this bay. C1 [Pizarro, Marlene] Univ Valparaiso, Ctr Invest & Gest Recursos Nat, Fac Ciencias, Valparaiso, Chile. [Iturriaga, Rodolfo] Univ So Calif, Dept Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Silva, Alejandro] Pontificia Univ Catolica Valparaiso, Dept Oceanog Fis, Valparaiso, Chile. [Gallegos, Sonia] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Pizarro, M (reprint author), Univ Valparaiso, Ctr Invest & Gest Recursos Nat, Fac Ciencias, Gran Bretana 1111, Valparaiso, Chile. EM manepizarro@gmail.com NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDICIONES UNIV, CONCEPCION PI CONCEPCION PA COMITE DE PUBLICACION, CASILLA 2407, CONCEPCION, 00000, CHILE SN 0016-5301 J9 GAYANA BOT JI Gayana Bot. PY 2012 VL 69 IS 2 BP 369 EP 372 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 056CG UT WOS:000312465400014 ER PT S AU Marr, KD Englert, CR Harlander, JM AF Marr, Kenneth D. Englert, Christoph R. Harlander, John M. BE Schmit, J Creath, K Towers, CE Burke, J TI Measurement and modeling of the thermal behavior of a laboratory DASH interferometer SO INTERFEROMETRY XVI: TECHNIQUES AND ANALYSIS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Interferometry XVI - Techniques and Analysis CY AUG 13-15, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Interferometry; fringe analysis; thermal drift; DASH interferometer ID SPATIAL HETERODYNE SPECTROSCOPY; ATMOSPHERE RESEARCH SATELLITE; NM EMISSION; WIND; DYNAMICS AB A Doppler Asymmetric Spatial Heterodyne ( DASH) interferometer is a device that is suited to making line-of-sight measurements of thermospheric wind speeds from either ground-or space-based platforms. However, DASH interferometer characteristics are sensitive to temperature changes. These instrument changes can be tracked with calibration sources and subsequently corrected during data analysis. Even though these thermal effects can be corrected, a quantitative understanding of the physics driving them is important for future instrument designs. A previous study of the thermal behavior of a monolithic DASH system [Harlander et al, Opt. Express, 2010] measured a thermal response that was not consistent with a simplified model. It was suggested that this discrepancy was a result of the rotation of various optical components caused by the thermoelastic distortion of the monolithic interferometer elements which were cemented together yet had different coefficients of thermal expansion. This distortion effect was not included in the simplified model. In this study we assemble an interferometer with separate optical components which are allowed to expand independently with changes in temperature and therefore eliminates any distortion due to stresses induced by different coefficients of thermal expansion. Thus, by measuring the thermally induced change to the interference pattern generated by this interferometer, we may characterize the thermal behavior of the system and verify whether all the relevant physics is included in the simplified model. We find that the thermal drift measured by the experimental interferometer closely matches that predicted by the model. This important result will help in the material selection and overall design of future monolithic interferometers. C1 [Marr, Kenneth D.] USN, Res Lab, NRC Associate Residence, Div Space Sci, Code 7630,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Englert, Christoph R.] Naval Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Harlander, John M.] St Cloud State Univ, Dept Phys, Toyono, Osaka 56301, Japan. RP Marr, KD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, NRC Associate Residence, Div Space Sci, Code 7630,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kenneth.marr.ctr@nrl.navy.mil OI Englert, Christoph/0000-0002-2145-6168 FU Office of Naval research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval research. The authors would like to thank Pat Bell, Kevin Newsome, and Patrick Serengulian for their time and support. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9210-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8493 AR 849302 DI 10.1117/12.928984 PG 7 WC Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Spectroscopy GA BCZ60 UT WOS:000312212400002 ER PT J AU Wang, J Kalivoda, M Guan, JY Theodore, A Sharby, J Wu, CY Paulson, K Es-Said, O AF Wang, Jun Kalivoda, Mark Guan, Jianying Theodore, Alexandros Sharby, Jessica Wu, Chang-Yu Paulson, Kathleen Es-Said, Omar TI Double Shroud Delivery of Silica Precursor for Reducing Hexavalent Chromium in Welding Fume SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE hexavalent chromium; silica precursor; welding fume ID PARTICLE-SIZE DISTRIBUTION; TOXIC METAL EMISSIONS; SORBENT PRECURSORS; EXPOSURE; GAS; REDUCTION; AEROSOLS; STEEL; NANOPARTICLES; VENTILATION AB The welding process yields a high concentration of nanoparticles loaded with hexavalent chromium (Cr6+), a known human carcinogen. Previous studies have demonstrated that using tetramethylsilane (TMS) as a shielding gas additive can significantly reduce the Cr6+ concentration in welding fume particles. In this study, a novel insulated double shroud torch (IDST) was developed to further improve the reduction of airborne Cr6+ concentration by separating the flows of the primary shielding gas and the TMS carrier gas. Welding fumes were collected from a welding chamber in the laboratory and from a fixed location near the welding arc in a welding facility. The Cr6+ content was analyzed with ion chromatography and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results from the chamber sampling demonstrated that the addition of 3.2 5.1% of TMS carrier gas to the primary shielding gas resulted in more than a 90% reduction of airborne Cr6+ under all shielding gas flow rates. The XPS result confirmed complete elimination of Cr6+ inside the amorphous silica shell. Adding 100 1000 ppm of nitric oxide or carbon monoxide to the shielding gas could also reduce Cr6+ concentrations up to 57% and 35%, respectively; however, these reducing agents created potential hazards from the release of unreacted agents. Results of the field test showed that the addition of 1.6% of TMS carrier gas to the primary shielding gas reduced Cr6+ concentration to the limitation of detection (1.1 mu g/m3). In a worst-case scenario, if TMS vapor leaked into the environment without decomposition and ventilation, the estimated TMS concentration in the condition of field sampling would be a maximum 5.7 ppm, still well below its flammability limit (1%). Based on a previously developed cost model, the use of TMS increases the general cost by 3.8%. No visual deterioration of weld quality caused by TMS was found, although further mechanical testing is necessary. C1 [Wang, Jun; Kalivoda, Mark; Guan, Jianying; Wu, Chang-Yu] Univ Florida, Engn Sch Sustainable Infrastruct & Environm, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Theodore, Alexandros; Sharby, Jessica] Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Wu, Chang-Yu] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Paulson, Kathleen] USN, Facil Engn Command, Engn & Expeditionary Warfare Ctr, Port Hueneme, CA USA. [Es-Said, Omar] Loyola Marymount Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. RP Wu, CY (reprint author), Univ Florida, Engn Sch Sustainable Infrastruct & Environm, Dept Environm Engn Sci, 406 Black Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM cywu@ufl.edu RI Wang, Jun/J-6108-2012; Wang, Jun/K-3482-2013 OI Wang, Jun/0000-0003-1690-0460 FU U.S. Department of Defense through the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) [WP-0903]; University Scholarship Program at University of Florida FX T he authors appreciate Tooele Army Depot (TEAD) providing the field test platform, and Major Analytical Instrumentation Center (MAIC) at the University of Florida providing access to the XPS. Financial support of this study was provided by the U.S. Department of Defense through the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) under Grant No. WP-0903. The authors would like to thank Dr. David Phillips at Ohio State University for assisting with the cost assessment. Jianying Guan acknowledges the University Scholarship Program at University of Florida for supporting undergraduate students involved in the study. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2012 VL 9 IS 12 BP 733 EP 742 DI 10.1080/15459624.2012.733576 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 057XC UT WOS:000312596700009 PM 23113576 ER PT J AU Chu, PY Jacobs, GA Cambazoglu, MK Linzell, RS AF Chu, Philip Y. Jacobs, Gregg A. Cambazoglu, M. Kemal Linzell, Robert S. TI Multi-Model Validation of Currents in the Chesapeake Bay Region in June 2010 SO MARINE GEODESY LA English DT Article DE Chesapeake Bay; model validation; coastal models; currents; water levels; NCOM; Delft3D; ADCIRC ID MODEL AB In this paper, we discuss the validation of water level and current predictions from three coastal hydrodynamic models and document the resource and operational requirements for each modeling system. The ADvanced CIRCulation Model (ADCIRC), the Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM), and Delft3D have been configured and validated for the Chesapeake Bay region during a Navy exercise. Water level predictions are compared with a NOAA/NOS water level gauge at the Chesapeake Bay Bridge Tunnel location while current predictions are validated with Acoustic Doppler Profiler (ADP) measurement records at three locations in the lower Chesapeake Bay. Statistical metrics such as correlation coefficient and root mean square error (RMSE) are computed. Both the vertically-integrated currents and currents at varying water depths are compared as well. The model-data comparisons for surface elevation indicate all three models agreed well with water level gauge data. The two-dimensional version of ADCIRC, ADCIRC2D, and NCOM yield better statistics, in terms of correlation and RMSE, than Delft3D. For vertically-integrated currents, ADCIRC2D has the smallest RMSE at Thimble Shoal and Naval Station locations while NCOM has the smallest RMSE at Cape Henry. For the horizontal currents over the water column, the fully three-dimensional, baroclinic ADCIRC model, ADCIRC3D, and NCOM both showed better agreement with the ADP measurements. C1 [Chu, Philip Y.; Jacobs, Gregg A.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Cambazoglu, M. Kemal] Univ So Mississippi, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Linzell, Robert S.] QinetiQ N Amer Inc, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. RP Chu, PY (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM chu@nrlssc.navy.mil NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-0419 J9 MAR GEOD JI Mar. Geod. PY 2012 VL 35 IS 4 BP 399 EP 428 DI 10.1080/01490419.2012.709477 PG 30 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA 055TD UT WOS:000312439600005 ER PT S AU Ko, YK Tylka, AJ Ng, CK Wang, YM AF Ko, Yuan-Kuen Tylka, Allan J. Ng, Chee K. Wang, Yi-Ming BE Hu, Q Li, G Zank, GP Ao, X Verkhoglyadova, O Adams, JH TI On the Relationship Between Heavy-Ion Composition Variability in Gradual SEP Events and the Associated IMF Source Regions SO SPACE WEATHER: THE SPACE RADIATION ENVIRONMENT SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual International Astrophysics Conference (AIAC) CY MAR 19-23, 2012 CL Palm Springs, CA SP Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeronom Res DE Solar Energetic Particles; Solar Magnetic Field; Abundances ID SOLAR-WIND AB We investigated the relationship between heavy-ion composition variability in gradual solar energetic particle (SEP) events and the source regions of the associated interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) along which these SEPs are transported. In particular, we found that the SEP elemental composition has a positive correlation with the unsigned photospheric magnetic field strength around the IMF footpoints. Furthermore, the IMF source region can be generally categorized into two classes, depending on whether the associated solar wind, and correspondingly the footpoints of the open magnetic field along which the SEPs are transported, are from a coronal hole (CH) near an active region (an 'AR field-source') or from a CH without an AR in its close proximity (a 'CH field-source'). This study is based on 24 events observed in years 1998 and 2003-2006. We present in this paper the results for Fe/O as an example, and show that the observed SEP Fe/O ratio at 3-30 MeV/nucleon is preferentially enhanced in the case of AR field-source. By contrast, the distributions of Fe/O for the in-situ solar-wind thermal particles in these time intervals are essentially indistinguishable between the two field-sources. Our results suggest that suprathermal ions are the preferred seed particles for shock acceleration, and the composition of these suprathermals depends on the magnetic field where they are generated, with suprathermals associated with active regions, i.e. stronger photospheric magnetic field, having larger heavy-ion enhancements than suprathermals associated with coronal holes with weak magnetic field. These results open a new window in understanding the origin and production of the suprathermal seed particles for SEPs. C1 [Ko, Yuan-Kuen; Tylka, Allan J.; Wang, Yi-Ming] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ng, Chee K.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA USA. RP Ko, YK (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Tylka, Allan/G-9592-2014 FU Office of Naval Research; NASA [DPR NNH09AK79I, NNH10AO82I] FX We thank Nathan Rich and the SOHO/EIT team for providing the EIT synoptic maps. The MDI synoptic maps are provided by the SOHO/ MDI consortium. SOHO is a project of international cooperation between ESA and NASA. We thank Don Reames for providing Wind/ EPACT data, and the ACE instrument teams and the ACE Science Center for providing the ACE data. This work has been supported by the Office of Naval Research, and by NASA grants DPR NNH09AK79I and NNH10AO82I. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1114-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1500 BP 26 EP 31 DI 10.1063/1.4768740 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BDB00 UT WOS:000312410500004 ER PT S AU Wu, CC Wu, ST Liou, K Plunkett, S AF Wu, C. -C. Wu, S. T. Liou, K. Plunkett, S. BE Hu, Q Li, G Zank, GP Ao, X Verkhoglyadova, O Adams, JH TI Evolution of a Magnetohydrodynamic Coronal Shock SO SPACE WEATHER: THE SPACE RADIATION ENVIRONMENT SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual International Astrophysics Conference (AIAC) CY MAR 19-23, 2012 CL Palm Springs, CA SP Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeronom Res DE Coronal Mass Ejection; Interplanetary Shock; 3-D MHD simulation ID 3-DIMENSIONAL MHD SIMULATION; MAGNETIC-FIELD CHANGES; MASS EJECTION; SOLAR-WIND; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; SLOW SHOCKS; 1 AU; EARTH; PROPAGATION; TIME AB We present results from a study of the CME event that occurred in May 1997 using a data-driven three-dimensional (3-D), time-dependent, magnetohydrogynamic (MHD) numerical simulation model [1]. We focus on the initiation and evolution of the coronal mass ejection (CME) and its driven shock in the corona. The model takes the line-of-sight magnetic field at the photosphere as input to build the background corona and solar wind. A pressure pulse is applied to the simulation domain at the observed flare site to initiate a CME. A wave tracing method [2] is used to determine and trace the shock. It is found that the CME-driven shock starts forming at similar to 1.5 solar radii (Rs) from the center of the Sun. The strength of the shock (Mach no. of fast shock) is found to increase with increasing heights (between 1.5 and 3.2 Rs). The increase in the shock strength is due to a decrease in the fast wave speed. In contrast, the density compression ratio of the shock is found to decrease as the shock propagates away from the Sun. C1 [Wu, C. -C.; Plunkett, S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wu, S. T.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL USA. [Liou, K.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA. RP Wu, CC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Liou, Kan/C-2089-2016 OI Liou, Kan/0000-0001-5277-7688 FU National Space Science Data Center at Goddard Space Flight Center; NRL 6.1 program; (CCW, and SP); STW; NSF [AGS-1153323, NSF ATM0754278, AGS-0964396]; NASA/EPSCoR [(NNNX09AP74A)] FX We thank the Wind PI team and National Space Science Data Center at Goddard Space Flight Center for management and providing Wind plasma and magnetic field solar wind data. This study is supported partially by NRL 6.1 program (CCW, and SP). STW is supported by NSF AGS-1153323, NSF ATM0754278, and NASA/EPSCoR (NNNX09AP74A) Grant. KL is supported by the NSF AGS-0964396 Grant. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1114-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1500 BP 50 EP 55 DI 10.1063/1.4768744 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BDB00 UT WOS:000312410500008 ER PT S AU Aguilar, CO Krener, AJ AF Aguilar, Cesar O. Krener, Arthur J. GP IEEE TI High-order numerical solutions to Bellman's equation of optimal control SO 2012 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (ACC) SE Proceedings of the American Control Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT American Control Conference (ACC) CY JUN 27-29, 2012 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Boeing, Bosch, Corning, Eaton, GE Global Res, Honeywell, MathWorks, Mitsubishi Elect Res Lab, Natl Instruments, Xerox, Adept MobileRobots, Momentum Press, Quanser, SIAM, Springer, Taylor & Francis, United Technologies Res Ctr, Visual Solut, Wiley-Blackwell AB In this paper we develop a numerical method to compute high-order approximate solutions to Bellman's dynamic programming equation that arises in the optimal regulation of discrete-time nonlinear control systems. The method uses a patchy technique to build Taylor polynomial approximations defined on small domains which are then patched together to create a piecewise-smooth approximation. Using the values of the computed cost function as the step-size, levels of patches are constructed such that their radial boundaries are level sets of the computed cost functions and their lateral boundaries are invariants sets of the closed-loop dynamics. To minimize the computational effort, an adaptive scheme is used to determine the number of patches on each level depending on the relative error of the computed solutions. C1 [Aguilar, Cesar O.; Krener, Arthur J.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM coaguila@nps.edu; ajkrener@nps.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 0743-1619 BN 978-1-4577-1096-4 J9 P AMER CONTR CONF PY 2012 BP 1832 EP 1837 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BCN53 UT WOS:000310776202021 ER PT S AU O'Brien, RT Watkins, RJ Thorp, OG AF O'Brien, Richard T., Jr. Watkins, R. Joseph Thorp, Owen G. GP IEEE TI Cross-coupling estimation for optical beam stabilization SO 2012 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (ACC) SE Proceedings of the American Control Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT American Control Conference (ACC) CY JUN 27-29, 2012 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Boeing, Bosch, Corning, Eaton, GE Global Res, Honeywell, MathWorks, Mitsubishi Elect Res Lab, Natl Instruments, Xerox, Adept MobileRobots, Momentum Press, Quanser, SIAM, Springer, Taylor & Francis, United Technologies Res Ctr, Visual Solut, Wiley-Blackwell AB This paper presents a real-time algorithm for estimating the cross-coupling coefficients in a fast-steering mirror that serves as the actuator for an optical beam stabilization system. The algorithm computes the cross-coupling coefficients estimates by comparing the measured beam position with the predicted beam position from the uncoupled system model. This algorithm provides a means for estimating the relative orientation between the beam source platform and target platform as well. The algorithm is verified using experimental data from the United States Naval Academy Directed Energy Laboratory. C1 [O'Brien, Richard T., Jr.; Thorp, Owen G.] USN Acad, Weap & Syst Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP O'Brien, RT (reprint author), USN Acad, Weap & Syst Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM riobrien@usna.edu; rwatkins@usna.edu; thorp@usna.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 0743-1619 BN 978-1-4577-1096-4 J9 P AMER CONTR CONF PY 2012 BP 3944 EP 3949 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BCN53 UT WOS:000310776204040 ER PT S AU O'Brien, RT Watkins, RJ Thorp, OG AF O'Brien, Richard T., Jr. Watkins, R. Joseph Thorp, Owen G. GP IEEE TI Experimental verification of an optical beam stabilizing controller SO 2012 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (ACC) SE Proceedings of the American Control Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT American Control Conference (ACC) CY JUN 27-29, 2012 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Boeing, Bosch, Corning, Eaton, GE Global Res, Honeywell, MathWorks, Mitsubishi Elect Res Lab, Natl Instruments, Xerox, Adept MobileRobots, Momentum Press, Quanser, SIAM, Springer, Taylor & Francis, United Technologies Res Ctr, Visual Solut, Wiley-Blackwell AB This paper presents experimental verification for a H-infinity stabilizing controller for an optical beam subject to tonal disturbances. The proposed controller forces the power density at all disturbance frequencies below a prescribed level. Furthermore, the effect of significant input saturation on stability and performance is investigated. C1 [O'Brien, Richard T., Jr.; Thorp, Owen G.] USN Acad, Weap & Syst Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP O'Brien, RT (reprint author), USN Acad, Weap & Syst Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM riobrien@usna.edu; rwatkins@usna.edu; thorp@usna.edu NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 0743-1619 BN 978-1-4577-1096-4 J9 P AMER CONTR CONF PY 2012 BP 3950 EP 3955 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BCN53 UT WOS:000310776204041 ER PT J AU Walters, R Kraig, RP Medintz, I Delehanty, JB Stewart, MH Susumu, K Huston, AL Dawson, PE Dawson, G AF Walters, Ryan Kraig, Richard P. Medintz, Igor Delehanty, James B. Stewart, Michael H. Susumu, Kimihiro Huston, Alan L. Dawson, Philip E. Dawson, Glyn TI Nanoparticle targeting to neurons in a rat hippocampal slice culture model SO ASN NEURO LA English DT Article DE cell targeting; drug delivery; nanoparticle; neuronal uptake; pyramidal neuron; quantum dot ID SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS; SPREADING DEPRESSION; BIOCOMPATIBLE SEMICONDUCTOR; PHARMACOLOGICAL CHAPERONES; ORGAN-CULTURE; IN-VIVO; DELIVERY; LIGANDS; STABILITY; PROTEINS AB We have previously shown that CdSe/ZnS core/shell luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals or QDs (quantum dots) coated with PEG [poly(ethylene glycol)]-appended DHLA (dihydrolipoic acid) can bind AcWG(Pal) VKIKKP(9)GGH(6) (Palm1) through the histidine residues. The coating on the QD provides colloidal stability and this peptide complex uniquely allows the QDs to be taken up by cultured cells and readily exit the endosome into the soma. We now show that use of a polyampholyte coating [in which the neutral PEG is replaced by the negatively heterocharged CL4 (compact ligand)], results in the specific targeting of the palmitoylated peptide to neurons in mature rat hippocampal slice cultures. There was no noticeable uptake by astrocytes, oligodendrocytes or microglia (identified by immunocytochemistry), demonstrating neuronal specificity to the overall negatively charged CL4 coating. In addition, EM (electron microscopy) images confirm the endosomal egress ability of the Palm1 peptide by showing a much more disperse cytosolic distribution of the CL4 QDs conjugated to Palm1 compared with CL4 QDs alone. This suggests a novel and robust way of delivering neurotherapeutics to neurons. C1 [Walters, Ryan; Kraig, Richard P.; Dawson, Glyn] Univ Chicago, Comm Neurobiol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Kraig, Richard P.] Univ Chicago, Dept Neurol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Medintz, Igor; Delehanty, James B.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stewart, Michael H.; Susumu, Kimihiro; Huston, Alan L.] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Dawson, Glyn] Univ Chicago, Dept Pediat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Dawson, Glyn] Univ Chicago, Dept Biochem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Dawson, Glyn] Univ Chicago, Dept Mol Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Dawson, G (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Comm Neurobiol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM dawg@uchicago.edu FU USPHS (United States Public Health Service) [NS36866-38, NS-19108]; P50 Grant [HD09402]; Childrens Brain Disease Foundation; NRL (Naval Research Laboratory); NRL NSI (Naval Research Laboratory Nanoscience Institute); ONR (Office of Naval Research); DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Project Agency); DTRA (Defense Threat Research Agency) JSTO (Joint Science and Technology Office) MIPR (Military Interdepartmental Purchase Request) [B112582M]; [GM098871] FX This work was supported by USPHS (United States Public Health Service) [grant numbers NS36866-38 (to G. D.) NS-19108 (to R. K.)] and P50 Grant [grant number HD09402 (to G. D. and R. K.)], as well as the Childrens Brain Disease Foundation. Philip Dawson was supported by [GM098871]. I. M. and A. H. were supported by NRL (Naval Research Laboratory), the NRL NSI (Naval Research Laboratory Nanoscience Institute), ONR (Office of Naval Research), DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Project Agency) and DTRA (Defense Threat Research Agency) JSTO (Joint Science and Technology Office) MIPR (Military Interdepartmental Purchase Request) [grant number B112582M]. NR 38 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 28 PU PORTLAND PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA THIRD FLOOR, EAGLE HOUSE, 16 PROCTER STREET, LONDON WC1V 6 NX, ENGLAND SN 1759-0914 J9 ASN NEURO JI ASN Neuro PY 2012 VL 4 IS 6 AR e00099 DI 10.1042/AN20120042 PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 052PO UT WOS:000312210600003 PM 22973864 ER PT S AU Hendriks, A Naidoo, D Roux, FS Lopez-Mariscal, C Forbes, A AF Hendriks, Adriaan Naidoo, Darryl Roux, Filippus S. Lopez-Mariscal, Carlos Forbes, Andrew BE Forbes, A Lizotte, TE TI The generation of flat-top beams by complex amplitude modulation with a phase-only spatial light modulator SO LASER BEAM SHAPING XIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Beam Shaping XIII CY AUG 13, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Flat-top beams; spatial light modulator; complex amplitude modulation ID INTENSITY PROFILE; LASER; TRANSFORMATION; DESIGN; IRRADIANCE; SYSTEMS; MIRROR AB Phase-only spatial light modulators are now ubiquitous tools in modern optics laboratories, and are often used to generate so-called structured light. In this work we outline the use of a phase-only spatial light modulator to achieve full complex amplitude modulation of the light, i.e., in amplitude and phase. We outline the theoretical concept, and then illustrate its use with the example of the laser beam shaping of Gaussian beams into flat-top beams. We quantify the performance of this approach for the creation of such fields, and compare the results to conventional lossless approaches to flat-top beam generation. C1 [Hendriks, Adriaan; Naidoo, Darryl; Roux, Filippus S.; Forbes, Andrew] CSIR Natl Laser Ctr, POB 395, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa. [Hendriks, Adriaan; Naidoo, Darryl; Forbes, Andrew] Univ Stellenbosch, Laser Res Inst, ZA-7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Lopez-Mariscal, Carlos] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Forbes, Andrew] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Phys, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa. RP Forbes, A (reprint author), CSIR Natl Laser Ctr, POB 395, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa. EM aforbes1@csir.co.za OI Forbes, Andrew/0000-0003-2552-5586; Roux, Filippus/0000-0001-9624-4189 NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9207-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8490 AR 849006 DI 10.1117/12.932224 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCZ55 UT WOS:000312205700005 ER PT S AU Penado, FE Clark, JH Dugdale, J AF Penado, F. Ernesto Clark, James H., III Dugdale, Joel BE Sasian, J Youngworth, RN TI A support structure for a compliant deformable mirror SO OPTICAL SYSTEM ALIGNMENT, TOLERANCING, AND VERIFICATION VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical System Alignment, Tolerancing, and Verification VI CY AUG 12-13, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE optical interferometry; adaptive optics; static deformable mirror; wavefront distortion; NPOI; mirror deformations; finite element analysis; single force actuator ID PROTOTYPE OPTICAL INTERFEROMETER AB The Navy's ground-based optical interferometer requires 10 discrete reflections for each of its six stations that transport stellar radiation into a six-way beam combiner where the modulated beams are overlapped in a collinear fashion and fringes obtained for analysis. Wavefront aberrations, introduced at each reflection from non-perfect mirrors, reduce the quality of fringe contrast and adversely affect the final science results. In practice, mirror fabrication and mounting methods generate small surface irregularities that produce aberrations in the reflected wavefront beam. Under multiple reflection scenarios, these errors do not necessarily cancel one another, and can increase the resultant wavefront distortion. In a previous paper, we showed a single-force actuator acting on the back surface of an 8-inch diameter Zerodur (R) mirror will achieve a canceling deformation in the reflective surface that substantially reduces the combined wavefront aberrations resulting from a 7-reflection beam. Our finite element model demonstrated that the peak-to-valley difference can be reduced from 210 nm to 55 nm. In this paper, we extend our previous work to include a support structure to contain the deforming mirror and analyze its interaction and effect on the corrected wavefront. Our design used the mechanical advantage gained from a tuned flexure plate with a simple motorized screw actuator applied to the back mirror surface to achieve an 87: 1 deflection ratio on the front mirror surface. A practical design is proposed, the support structure and mirror analyzed using the finite element method, and the results presented and discussed. C1 [Penado, F. Ernesto; Dugdale, Joel] No Arizona Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Clark, James H., III] NPOI, Naval Res Lab, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Penado, FE (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM Ernesto.Penado@nau.edu NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9208-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8491 AR 84910D DI 10.1117/12.930008 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA BCZ57 UT WOS:000312209900010 ER PT J AU Coneski, PN Fulmer, PA Wynne, JH AF Coneski, Peter N. Fulmer, Preston A. Wynne, James H. TI Thermal polycondensation of poly(diol citrate)s with tethered quaternary ammonium biocides SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION; BIODEGRADABLE ELASTOMERS; ALIPHATIC POLYESTERS; BIOMATERIALS; DEGRADATION; CHEMISTRY; POLYMERS AB The synthesis and characterization of a series of novel, antimicrobial, aliphatic polyesters based on citric acid, alkanediols, and quaternary ammonium salt (QAS) diols is described. These materials possess a wide range of mechanical and thermal properties (storage modulus, E' = 1.03-17.53 MPa at 25 degrees C; T-g = 215.7-38.6 degrees C) primarily dictated by alkanediol selection and the presence of biocide. Surface analysis via contact angle and FTIR-ATR studies indicate the presence of biocide at the material/air interface providing high antimicrobial activity (5-7 log kill of S. aureus over controls) for all materials containing tethered QAS. Hydrolysis of these cross-linked materials was also highly controlled based on the QAS, alkanediol structure, and curing duration; and significant hydrolysis occurs in as little as 4 weeks. C1 [Coneski, Peter N.; Fulmer, Preston A.; Wynne, James H.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Coneski, PN (reprint author), USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Code 6100,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM james.wynne@nrl.navy.mil RI Fulmer, Preston/L-7702-2014 OI Fulmer, Preston/0000-0002-2981-576X FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Research Laboratory FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research and the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 16 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2012 VL 2 IS 33 BP 12824 EP 12834 DI 10.1039/c2ra21286b PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 051TF UT WOS:000312149600045 ER PT S AU McNelley, TR Menon, ES AF McNelley, Terry R. Menon, E. Sarath BE Chandra, T Ionescu, M Mantovani, D TI Friction Stir Processing (FSP) of Cast Metals: Processing - Microstructure - Property Relationships SO THERMEC 2011, PTS 1-4 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Processing and Manufacturing of Advanced Materials CY AUG 01-05, 2011 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP Minerals, Metals & Mat Soc DE Friction stir processing; Homogenization; Microstructure refinement; Mechanical properties; Superplasticity ID SUPERPLASTIC AA5083 MATERIALS; NIAL BRONZE; DEFORMATION; MECHANISMS; FAILURE AB FSP is an allied technology of friction stir welding (FSW). These processes are reviewed and the additional considerations such as processing pattern and step over distance in FSP are introduced. The application of FSP to cast metals including AA5083, Al-7Si and NiAl bronze is summarized. As-cast microstructures may be converted to a wrought condition in the absence of external shape change and the extent of grain refinement and homogenization of microstructure is documented. The FSP-induced superplastic response of AA5083, enhanced ductility of Al-7Si and surface hardening of NiAl bronze are summarized as examples of properties developed by FSP. C1 [McNelley, Terry R.; Menon, E. Sarath] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP McNelley, TR (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, 700 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM tmcnelley@nps.edu; skmeno1@nps.edu NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI STAFA-ZURICH PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2012 VL 706-709 BP 194 EP 201 DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.706-709.194 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BBW89 UT WOS:000308517300027 ER PT S AU Fonda, RW Reynolds, AP Feng, CR Knipling, KE Rowenhorst, DJ AF Fonda, Richard W. Reynolds, Anthony P. Feng, C. R. Knipling, Keith E. Rowenhorst, David J. BE Chandra, T Ionescu, M Mantovani, D TI Material Flow in Aluminum Friction Stir Welds SO THERMEC 2011, PTS 1-4 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Processing and Manufacturing of Advanced Materials CY AUG 01-05, 2011 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP Minerals, Metals & Mat Soc DE Friction stir welding; texture ID GRAIN-STRUCTURE; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC TEXTURE; MICROSTRUCTURE; ALLOY AB A detailed examination of the textural evolution occurring within a friction stir weld of AA2195 reveals features that are not consistent with current models of material flow in friction stir welds. While the deposited weld is dominated by a B ideal shear texture component, this texture periodically alternates with a (B) over bar texture, indicating a reversal in the sense of the shear deformation. In addition, the observed rotation of the orientation of these shear textures, and their replacement by a distinct, new shear texture orientation to correct for the misorientation that develops, reveals a heretofore unobserved characteristic of friction stir welds that provides further details about material flow during friction stir welding. C1 [Fonda, Richard W.; Feng, C. R.; Knipling, Keith E.; Rowenhorst, David J.] USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Reynolds, Anthony P.] Univ South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Fonda, RW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM richard.fonda@nrl.navy.mil; apr@sc.edu; jerry.feng@nrl.navy.mil; keith.knipling@nrl.navy.mil; david.rowenhorst@nrl.navy.mil NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2012 VL 706-709 BP 983 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.706-709.983 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BBW89 UT WOS:000308517300161 ER PT S AU Sandhu, R Gambin, V Poust, B Smorchkova, I Lewis, G Elmadjian, R Li, D Geiger, C Heying, B Wojtowicz, M Oki, A Feygelson, T Hobart, K Bozorg-Grayeli, E Goodson, K AF Sandhu, Rajinder Gambin, Vincent Poust, Benjamin Smorchkova, Ioulia Lewis, Gregg Elmadjian, Raffi Li, Danny Geiger, Craig Heying, Ben Wojtowicz, Mike Oki, Aaron Feygelson, Tatyana Hobart, Karl Bozorg-Grayeli, Elah Goodson, Kenneth GP IEEE TI Diamond Materials for GaN HEMT Near Junction Heat Removal SO 2012 IEEE COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT SYMPOSIUM (CSICS) SE IEEE Compound Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Symposium Technical Digest LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Compound Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Symposium (CSICS) CY OCT 14-17, 2012 CL La Jolla, CA SP IEEE AB GaN HEMT technology is transforming applications in communications, radar, and electronic warfare by offering more than 5x higher RF transmit power over the existing GaAs-based technologies. The high breakdown voltage and current handling capability of GaN HEMTs enables, for the same device size, a 10x increase in RF power using GaN-based devices in place of conventional GaAs-based devices. However the ultimate power and performance of GaN technology cannot be exploited in real applications due to thermal limitations on performance and reliability. The high power density in GaN HEMTs translates to mega-Watts/cm(2) heat dissipation at the device gate region. Increasing the heat conductance near the GaN device junction is critical to reduce device junction temperature for reliable operation and performance. NGAS will report on revolutionary methods being developed to directly integrate high quality, high thermal conductivity diamond materials with more than 4x greater thermal conductivity over existing state-of-the-art GaN HEMT technology. C1 [Sandhu, Rajinder; Gambin, Vincent; Poust, Benjamin; Smorchkova, Ioulia; Lewis, Gregg; Elmadjian, Raffi; Li, Danny; Geiger, Craig; Heying, Ben; Wojtowicz, Mike; Oki, Aaron] Northrop Grumman Aerosp Syst, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA. [Feygelson, Tatyana; Hobart, Karl] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bozorg-Grayeli, Elah; Goodson, Kenneth] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Sandhu, R (reprint author), Northrop Grumman Aerosp Syst, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1550-8781 BN 978-1-4673-0929-5 J9 COMP SEMICOND INTEGR PY 2012 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BCY16 UT WOS:000311948600067 ER PT B AU Booth, A AF Booth, Allyson BE Piette, A Rawlinson, M TI THE TRENCHES SO EDINBURGH COMPANION TO TWENTIETH-CENTURY BRITISH AND AMERICAN WAR LITERATURE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Booth, A (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDINBURGH UNIV PRESS PI EDINBURGH PA 22 GEORGE SQUARE, EDINBURGH EH8 9JY, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND BN 978-0-7486-5391-1 PY 2012 BP 431 EP 438 PG 8 WC Literary Theory & Criticism SC Literature GA BCG02 UT WOS:000310137400047 ER PT S AU Pique, A Charipar, NA Kim, H Kirleis, MA Auyeung, RCY Smith, AT Metkus, KM Mathews, SA AF Pique, Alberto Charipar, Nicholas A. Kim, Heungsoo Kirleis, Matthew A. Auyeung, Ray C. Y. Smith, Andrew T. Metkus, Kristin M. Mathews, Scott A. BE Boardman, AD Engheta, N Noginov, MA Zheludev, NI TI Realization of Metamaterial Structures by Non-Lithographic Processes SO METAMATERIALS: FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS V SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Metamaterials - Fundamentals and Applications V CY AUG 12-16, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Non-Lithographic Processes; Laser Direct-Write; Laser Decal Transfer; Digital Light Processor; Metamaterials; Split Ring Resonators; Electrically Small Antennas ID LASER DIRECT-WRITE AB The opportunities presented by the use of metamaterials have been the subject of extensive discussions. However, a large fraction of the work available to date has been limited to simulations and proof-of-principle demonstrations. One reason for the limited success inserting these structures into functioning systems and real-world applications is the high level of complexity involved in their fabrication. Most approaches to the realization of metamaterial structures utilize traditional lithographic processing techniques to pattern the required geometries and then rely on separate steps to assemble the final design. Obviously, composite structures with arbitrary and/or 3-D geometries present a challenge for their implementation with these approaches. Non-lithographic processes are ideally suited for the fabrication of arbitrary periodic and aperiodic structures needed to implement many of the metamaterial designs being proposed. Furthermore, non-lithographic techniques are true enablers for the development of conformal or 3-D metamaterial designs. This article will show examples of metamaterial structures developed at the Naval Research Laboratory using non-lithographic processes. These processes have been applied successfully to the fabrication of complex 2-D and 3-D structures comprising different types of materials. C1 [Pique, Alberto; Charipar, Nicholas A.; Kim, Heungsoo; Kirleis, Matthew A.; Auyeung, Ray C. Y.; Metkus, Kristin M.; Mathews, Scott A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Code 6364, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Smith, Andrew T.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Pique, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Code 6364, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM pique@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9172-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8455 AR 845514 DI 10.1117/12.932649 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA BCY18 UT WOS:000311964300008 ER PT S AU Lane, PA Wolak, MA Cunningham, PD Melinger, JS AF Lane, Paul A. Wolak, Mason A. Cunningham, Paul D. Melinger, Joseph S. BE So, F Adachi, C TI Energy Transfer and Excitation Migration in Organic Semiconductors SO ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING MATERIALS AND DEVICES XVI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Organic Light Emitting Materials and Devices XVI CY AUG 12-15, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE AB Energy transfer plays a key role in various applications of organic semiconductors such as electroluminescence, photovoltaics, and sensors. We have carried out a study combining transient and continuous wave (CW) optical spectroscopy with modeling. The fluorescence spectra and dynamics of a functionalized pentacene doped into a fluorescent host (Alq3) were measured and simulated by a Monte Carlo model incorporating distributed dopants and exciton migration. For nonluminescent materials, transient absorption spectroscopy provides insight into excitation migration. Singlet diffusion rates in C60 were determined by probing delayed charge transfer to ZnPc in films with a layered nanostructure. C1 [Lane, Paul A.; Wolak, Mason A.; Cunningham, Paul D.; Melinger, Joseph S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lane, PA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 15 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9193-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8476 AR 84760I DI 10.1117/12.930055 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA BCY45 UT WOS:000312027600008 ER PT J AU Gaglione, AM Lipschutz, S Spellman, D AF Gaglione, Anthony M. Lipschutz, Seymour Spellman, Dennis TI NOTE ON A QUESTION OF REINHOLD BAER ON PREGROUPS II SO PUBLICATIONS DE L INSTITUT MATHEMATIQUE-BEOGRAD LA English DT Article ID STALLINGS PREGROUP AB Reinhold Baer asked the relationship between certain properties in a nonempty set P with a partial operation (called an "add" by Baer [1]). The first paper in our sequence [Paper I] answered his question for a special type of an add called a pregroup by Stallings [12]. This paper [Paper II] answers an analogous question for a wider class of adds. C1 [Gaglione, Anthony M.] USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Lipschutz, Seymour] Temple Univ, Dept Math, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Spellman, Dennis] Temple Univ, Dept Stat, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. RP Gaglione, AM (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM amg@usna.edu; seymour@temple.edu; dennis.spellman@temple.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLICATIONS L INSTITUT MATHEMATIQUE MATEMATICKI PI BEOGRAD PA KNEZA MIHAILA 36, BEOGRAD, 1101, SERBIA SN 0350-1302 J9 PUBL I MATH-BEOGRAD JI Publ. Inst. Math.-Beograd PY 2012 VL 92 IS 106 BP 109 EP 115 DI 10.2298/PIM1206109G PG 7 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 051HM UT WOS:000312117200008 ER PT J AU Choi, W Rho, J Han, DK Ko, H AF Choi, Woohyun Rho, Jinsang Han, David K. Ko, Hanseok GP IEEE TI Selective Background Adaptation Based Abnormal Acoustic Event Recognition for Audio Surveillance SO 2012 IEEE NINTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED VIDEO AND SIGNAL-BASED SURVEILLANCE (AVSS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal-Based Surveillance (AVSS) CY SEP 18-21, 2012 CL Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Automat, Natl Lab Pattern Recognit, Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Signal Proc Soc HO Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Automat, Natl Lab Pattern Recognit DE Audio surveillance; abnormal acoustic event recognition; background adaptation AB In this paper, a method for abnormal acoustic event recognition in an audio surveillance system is presented. We propose a recognition scheme based on a hierarchical structure using a feature combination of Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC), timbre, and spectral statistics. A selective background adaptation is proposed for robust abnormal acoustic event recognition in real-world situations. For training, we use a database containing 9 abnormal events (scream, glass breaking, and etc.) and 6 background noise types collected under various surveillance situations. Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) is considered for classifying the representative abnormal acoustic events and for selecting the background noise for adaptation. Effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated via representative experimental results. C1 [Choi, Woohyun; Rho, Jinsang; Ko, Hanseok] Korea Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Seoul, South Korea. [Han, David K.] Off Naval Res, Ocean Engn & Marine Syst, Arlington, VA USA. RP Choi, W (reprint author), Korea Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Seoul, South Korea. EM whchoi@ispl.korea.ac.kr; jsrho@ispl.korea.ac.kr; ctmkhan@gmail.com; hsko@korea.ac.kr FU Seoul R BD Program [WR080951] FX This research was supported by Seoul R& BD Program (WR080951). NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 978-0-7695-4797-8 PY 2012 BP 118 EP 123 DI 10.1109/AVSS.2012.65 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BCX63 UT WOS:000311849200021 ER PT J AU Bae, J Ku, B Han, DK Ko, H AF Bae, Jeongmin Ku, Bonwha Han, David K. Ko, Hanseok GP IEEE TI Combining Infrared and Visible Images using Novel Transform and Statistical Information SO 2012 IEEE NINTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED VIDEO AND SIGNAL-BASED SURVEILLANCE (AVSS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal-Based Surveillance (AVSS) CY SEP 18-21, 2012 CL Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Automat, Natl Lab Pattern Recognit, Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Signal Proc Soc HO Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Automat, Natl Lab Pattern Recognit DE Image fusion; Image processing; LWIR ID PERFORMANCE AB This paper proposes a novel combining method of infrared (IR) and visible images based on a Discrete Wavelet Frame (DWF) approach. In contrast to existing methods, IR image is transformed first using statistical information of the visible image to emphasize relevant information. In a multiscale domain, we then assign appropriate weights to each pixel of sub-band approximation images through pixel level weighted average for emphasizing relevant information of the IR image while keeping texture information of the visible image. Representative experiments show that the proposed method outperforms exiting methods in image quality. C1 [Bae, Jeongmin] Korea Univ, Dept Visual Informat Proc, Seoul, South Korea. [Han, David K.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA USA. [Ku, Bonwha; Ko, Hanseok] Korea Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Seoul, South Korea. RP Bae, J (reprint author), Korea Univ, Dept Visual Informat Proc, Seoul, South Korea. EM jmbae@ispl.korea.ac.kr; bhku@ispl.korea.ac.kr; ctmkhan@gmail.com; hsko@korea.ac.kr FU Seoul R BD Program [WR080951] FX This research was supported by Seoul R& BD Program (WR080951) NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 978-0-7695-4797-8 PY 2012 BP 149 EP 153 DI 10.1109/AVSS.2012.24 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BCX63 UT WOS:000311849200026 ER PT J AU Edwankar, CR Edwankar, RV Deschamps, JR Cook, JM AF Edwankar, Chitra R. Edwankar, Rahul V. Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Cook, James M. TI Nature-Inspired Stereospecific Total Synthesis of P-(+)-Dispegatrine and Four Other Monomeric Sarpagine Indole Alkaloids SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE alkaloids; biaryls; C-C coupling; natural product synthesis; thallium ID BIOLOGY-ORIENTED SYNTHESIS; BIARYL COUPLING REACTION; THALLIUM(III) TRIFLUOROACETATE; AROMATIC NUCLEI; PRODUCTS; DISCOVERY; BIOSYNTHESIS; MACROLINE; WELL C1 [Edwankar, Chitra R.; Edwankar, Rahul V.; Cook, James M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biochem, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Cook, JM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biochem, 3210 N Cramer St, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. EM capncook@uwm.edu OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010 FU NIMH; Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation; NIDA-NRL Interagency [Y1-DA1101] FX We wish to acknowledge the NIMH (in part) and the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation for support of this work. X-ray crystallographic studies were carried out at the Naval Research Laboratory and supported by NIDA-NRL Interagency Agreement Number Y1-DA1101. NR 50 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 33 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2012 VL 51 IS 47 BP 11762 EP 11765 DI 10.1002/anie.201206015 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 045MY UT WOS:000311702000017 PM 23073985 ER PT J AU Bertozzi, AL Flenner, A AF Bertozzi, Andrea L. Flenner, Arjuna TI DIFFUSE INTERFACE MODELS ON GRAPHS FOR CLASSIFICATION OF HIGH DIMENSIONAL DATA SO MULTISCALE MODELING & SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE Nystrom extension; diffuse interfaces; image processing; high dimensional data ID CAHN-HILLIARD EQUATION; NYSTROM METHOD; SEGMENTATION; REGULARIZATION; DECONVOLUTION; ALGORITHM; JUNCTIONS; IMAGES AB There are currently several communities working on algorithms for classification of high dimensional data. This work develops a class of variational algorithms that combine recent ideas from spectral methods on graphs with nonlinear edge/region detection methods traditionally used in the PDE-based imaging community. The algorithms are based on the Ginzburg-Landau functional which has classical PDE connections to total variation minimization. Convex-splitting algorithms allow us to quickly find minimizers of the proposed model and take advantage of fast spectral solvers of linear graph-theoretic problems. We present diverse computational examples involving both basic clustering and semisupervised learning for different applications. Case studies include feature identification in images, segmentation in social networks, and segmentation of shapes in high dimensional datasets. C1 [Bertozzi, Andrea L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Math, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Flenner, Arjuna] USN, Air Weap Ctr, China Lake, CA USA. RP Bertozzi, AL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Math, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM bertozzi@math.ucla.edu; arjuna.flenner@navy.mil RI Bertozzi, Andrea/A-1831-2012 OI Bertozzi, Andrea/0000-0003-0396-7391 FU ONR [N000140810363, N000141010221, N000141210040, N0001411AF00002]; NSF [DMS-0914856, DMS-1118971]; AFOSR MURI [FA9550-10-1-0569] FX This research was supported by ONR grants N000140810363, N000141010221, N000141210040, and N0001411AF00002; NSF grants DMS-0914856 and DMS-1118971; and AFOSR MURI grant FA9550-10-1-0569. This work was performed by an employee of the U.S. Government or under U.S. Government contract. The U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. Copyright is owned by SIAM to the extent not limited by these rights. NR 57 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1540-3459 EI 1540-3467 J9 MULTISCALE MODEL SIM JI Multiscale Model. Simul. PY 2012 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1090 EP 1118 DI 10.1137/11083109X PG 29 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 044NX UT WOS:000311628100017 ER PT J AU Lumb, MP Yakes, MK Gonzalez, M Hoheisel, R Baile, CG Yoon, W Walters, RJ AF Lumb, M. P. Yakes, M. K. Gonzalez, M. Hoheisel, R. Baile, C. G. Yoon, W. Walters, R. J. GP IEEE TI Development of Tunnel Junctions with High Peak Tunneling Currents for InP-based Multi-junction Solar Cells SO 2012 38TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE tunneling; photovoltaic cells; III-V semiconductor materials; quantum wells AB In this work we developed lattice-matched InAIGaAs tunnel junctions for an InP-based multi-junction cell. We discuss the design and modeling of the device architecture and present results from the growth and characterization of a range of test structures. The impact of dopant diffusion during the overgrowth of subcells on the performance of the tunnel junctions was characterized using both electrical measurements and SIMS. We investigated different structures to mitigate the effects of dopant diffusion and maximize the peak tunnel current, achieving a peak tunnel current of 28.9 A/cm(2) using a bulk, double heterostructure design, compared to the baseline bulk device with a peak tunnel current of 2.3 A/cm(2). We have also investigated a structure incorporating two InGaAs quantum wells to facilitate the interband tunneling via the confined electron and hole states in the quantum wells. This improved the tunneling current to 113 A/cm(2) with only a small impact on the transparency of the tunnel junction. C1 [Lumb, M. P.; Hoheisel, R.] George Washington Univ, 2121 I St NW, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Lumb, M. P.; Yakes, M. K.; Gonzalez, M.; Hoheisel, R.; Baile, C. G.; Yoon, W.; Walters, R. J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Gonzalez, M.] Sotera Def Solut, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Lumb, MP (reprint author), George Washington Univ, 2121 I St NW, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RI Yakes, Michael/E-5510-2011; Yoon, Woojun/H-9734-2013 OI Yoon, Woojun/0000-0002-1946-5372 FU Office of Naval Research FX The author would like to thank Josh Abell, Chaffra Affouda and Joe Tischler for valuable contributions to this work. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0066-7 PY 2012 BP 949 EP 953 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Physics GA BCD90 UT WOS:000309917801053 ER PT J AU Jenkins, P Messenger, S Trautz, K Maximenko, S Goldstein, D Scheiman, D Walters, R AF Jenkins, Phillip Messenger, Scott Trautz, Kelly Maximenko, Sergey Goldstein, David Scheiman, David Walters, Robert GP IEEE TI High Band Gap Solar Cells for Underwater Photovoltaic Applications SO 2012 38TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE photovoltaic cell; III-V semiconductor materials; spectral shape; underwater technology AB The use of autonomous systems to provide situational awareness and long-term environment monitoring is increasing. Photovoltaics (PV) has been favored as a long-endurance power source for many of these applications. To date the use of PV has been limited to space and terrestrial (dry land) installations. The need for an extended power source also exists for underwater (UW) systems, which currently rely on surface PV arrays or batteries. In this paper we demonstrate that high band gap InGaP solar cells can provide useful power underwater. C1 [Jenkins, Phillip; Messenger, Scott; Trautz, Kelly; Goldstein, David; Scheiman, David; Walters, Robert] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Jenkins, P (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0066-7 PY 2012 BP 2061 EP 2064 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Physics GA BCD90 UT WOS:000309917802079 ER PT J AU Yoon, W Foos, EE Lumb, MP Tischler, JG AF Yoon, W. Foos, E. E. Lumb, M. P. Tischler, J. G. GP IEEE TI Solution Processing of CdTe Nanocrystals for Thin-film Solar Cells SO 2012 38TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE solution; nanocrystal; thin-film; CdTe; heterostructure; photovoltaic ID LAYER AB We describe solution-processed sintered nanocrystal solar cells. As the absorber layer, thin-films of CdTe nanocrystals were deposited using a layer-by-Iayer spin coating process. For Schottky barrier solar cells (ITO/CdTe/Ca/AI), an efficiency of 3.0+/-0.3% with V-oc= 0.53+/-0.03 V, J(sc)= 13.2+/-0. 2 mA/cm(2), and FF= 43.1+/-4.2% was measured under AM1.5G conditions. In order to overcome the limitations associated with the Schottky barrier structure, heterojunction solar cells incorporating solution-processed CdSe nanocrystals as an n-type layer were fabricated and characterized. Under darkness, heterojunction devices (ITO/CdTe/CdSe/AI) showed an improved current rectification ratio of 4.53x10(2) at +/-1 V in comparison to Schottky barrier solar cells, indicating that a well-defined junction is formed between CdSe and CdTe. Under illumination (AM1.5G), the devices exhibited an average efficiency of similar to 2% with V-oc= 0.50+/-0.02 V. C1 [Yoon, W.; Foos, E. E.; Lumb, M. P.; Tischler, J. G.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yoon, W (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Yoon, Woojun/H-9734-2013 OI Yoon, Woojun/0000-0002-1946-5372 NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0066-7 PY 2012 BP 2621 EP 2624 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Physics GA BCD90 UT WOS:000309917802207 ER PT J AU Yakes, MK Cress, CD Lumb, MP Warner, JH Bailey, CG Hoheisel, R Walters, RJ AF Yakes, M. K. Cress, C. D. Lumb, M. P. Warner, J. H. Bailey, C. G. Hoheisel, R. Walters, R. J. GP IEEE TI Bandgap Engineering Achieved with Doping Superlattices SO 2012 38TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE nipi; doping superlattice; band structure engineering; GaAs photovoltaic ID ENHANCEMENT; ABSORPTION AB Tailoring bandgaps by introducing quantum wells into the intrinsic region of a solar cell has been shown to improve the energy conversion of these devices. Doping superlattices are a potential way to achieve sub-bandgap absorption in a photovoltaic device without the need to introduce additional materials or strain balancing. In this paper we investigate the inclusion of doping superlattices in between the base and emitter regions of a photodiode. External quantum efficiency measurements of these devices demonstrate increased absorption below the GaAs band edge with respect to a GaAs reference cell. AM0 Illuminated J-V measurements of these devices exhibited variable results with PN configuration resulting in 0.81 V open circuit voltage and 7.7 mA/cm(2) short circuit current density. Dark J-V curves show a negative differential resistance region indicating tunneling between the n and p doped regions of the doping superlattice. These results suggest that doping induced superlattices may be an effective way to promote subgap photocurrent in a single junction GaAs cell. Additionally, a subcell in a multi-junction stack could employ this structure utilizing the increased design flexibility as compared to conventional heterojunction quantum well solar cells. C1 [Yakes, M. K.; Cress, C. D.; Lumb, M. P.; Warner, J. H.; Bailey, C. G.; Hoheisel, R.; Walters, R. J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yakes, MK (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Yakes, Michael/E-5510-2011; OI Cress, Cory/0000-0001-7563-6693 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0066-7 PY 2012 BP 2979 EP 2984 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Physics GA BCD90 UT WOS:000309917803059 ER PT J AU Frantz, JA Bekele, RY Myers, JD Nguyen, VQ Sanghera, JS Maximenko, SI Gonzalez, M Tischler, JG Walters, RJ Leite, MS Bruce, A Frolov, SV Cyrus, M AF Frantz, Jesse A. Bekele, Robel Y. Myers, Jason D. Nguyen, Vinh Q. Sanghera, Jasbinder S. Maximenko, Sergey I. Gonzalez, Maria Tischler, Joseph G. Walters, Robert J. Leite, Marina S. Bruce, Allan Frolov, Sergey V. Cyrus, Michael GP IEEE TI Structural and Electronic Characteristics of Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 Thin Films Sputtered From Quaternary Targets SO 2012 38TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE copper compounds; grain size; photovoltaic cells; solar energy; sputtering; thin film devices; thin films AB Although the advantages of sputter deposition for large area, uniform deposition are well known, it has long been believed that sputtering Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 (CIGS) from a quaternary sputtering target yields films with morphological and electronic properties that make them unsuitable for use in high-efficiency photovoltaic devices. Recent work, however, has demonstrated that this deposition method can produce dense, polycrystalline, highly oriented films with the desired stoichiometry. Devices built with these films exhibit efficiencies >10%. While effective parameters for target composition and deposition conditions have been achieved, variation from these conditions can result in a wide array of morphologies, even while composition remains near that of stoichiometric CIGS. In this paper, we review the broad range of structural and electronic properties that result from various sets of target compositions and deposition conditions. Films deposited under some conditions are similar in important respects - their composition, a dense structure composed of similar to 1 mu m sized grains, and the presence of a MoSe2 layer - to those of evaporated CIGS. We discuss how these results point towards the possibility of higher-efficiency sputtered CIGS. C1 [Frantz, Jesse A.; Myers, Jason D.; Nguyen, Vinh Q.; Sanghera, Jasbinder S.; Tischler, Joseph G.; Walters, Robert J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bekele, Robel Y.] Univ Res Fdn, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Maximenko, Sergey I.; Gonzalez, Maria] Sotera Def Solut, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. [Leite, Marina S.] CNST, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Leite, Marina S.] Univ Maryland, Maryland Nanoctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Bruce, Allan; Frolov, Sergey V.; Cyrus, Michael] Sunlight Photon Inc, South Plainfield, NJ 07080 USA. RP Frantz, JA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 9 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0066-7 PY 2012 BP 3098 EP 3101 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Physics GA BCD90 UT WOS:000309917803085 ER PT J AU Bittner, ZS Forbes, DV Bailey, CG Polly, SJ Slocum, MA Kerestes, C Hubbard, SM AF Bittner, Zachary S. Forbes, David V. Bailey, Christopher G. Polly, Stephen J. Slocum, Michael A. Kerestes, Christopher Hubbard, Seth M. GP IEEE TI Characterization of InGaP Heterojunction Emitter Quantum Dot Solar Cells SO 2012 38TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE GaAs; InAs Quantum Dot; Heterojunction; InGaP; Photovoltaics ID EFFICIENCY AB Heterojunction emitter InAs/GaAs quantum dot solar cells (QDSC) with an In0.48Ga0.52P (InGaP) n-type emitter and p-type GaAs base were fabricated along with homojunction nip solar cells in order to enable sub-cell polarity compatibility of InAs/GaAs QDSCs with current state-of-the-art monolithic InGaP/GaAs/Ge triple junction solar cells for space applications and to investigate potential dark current suppression effects and electronic field enhancement effects on carrier collection in InAs/GaAs QDSC. Quantum dot solar cells with one-Sun AM0 open circuit voltages greater than 970 mV were fabricated as compared to a 1.020 V heterojunction emitter 'control' sample. Preliminary testing showed a reduction in short circuit current density from homojunction to heterojunction GaAs solar cells, primarily from changes in reflection and uncollected absorption in the InGaP emitter. C1 [Bittner, Zachary S.; Forbes, David V.; Polly, Stephen J.; Slocum, Michael A.; Kerestes, Christopher; Hubbard, Seth M.] Rochester Inst Technol, NanoPower Res Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Bailey, Christopher G.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Bittner, ZS (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, NanoPower Res Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RI Slocum, Michael/B-9063-2013; Polly, Stephen/C-1776-2015 OI Slocum, Michael/0000-0002-0434-8632; Polly, Stephen/0000-0002-7563-6738 FU U.S. Government, the Department of Energy [DE-FG36-08GO18012]; NASA [SAA3 844] FX The author of this work would like to thank Elias Fernandez for assistance in fabrication of the devices in this study, and Matthew Lumb for providing optical parameters for AlInP. This work was supported by the U.S. Government, the Department of Energy (DE-FG36-08GO18012) as well as NASA through SAA3 844. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0066-7 PY 2012 BP 3158 EP 3161 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Physics GA BCD90 UT WOS:000309917803098 ER PT J AU Messenger, SR Jackson, EA Warner, JH Walters, RJ AF Messenger, Scott R. Jackson, Eric A. Warner, Jeffrey H. Walters, Robert J. GP IEEE TI Advancements to SCREAM: Multiple Spectrum Input and ShielDDDose Options SO 2012 38TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE displacement damage; modelling; nonionizing energy loss; radiation effects; photovoltaic cells; space technology ID NONIONIZING ENERGY-LOSS; DISPLACEMENT DAMAGE; DEVICE APPLICATIONS; SPACE; NIEL AB The SCREAM (Solar Cell Radiation Environment Analysis Models) software package, developed by the US Naval Research Laboratory implementing the displacement damage dose (DDD) modelling methodology for space solar cell radiation degradation analyses, has several new features to help in solar array design. The ShielDDDose and multispectrum input improvements are described. C1 [Messenger, Scott R.; Jackson, Eric A.; Warner, Jeffrey H.; Walters, Robert J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Messenger, SR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0066-7 PY 2012 BP 3281 EP 3286 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Physics GA BCD90 UT WOS:000309917803125 ER PT J AU Dai, YS Bailey, CG Kerestes, C Forbes, DV Hubbard, SM AF Dai, Yushuai Bailey, Christopher G. Kerestes, Christopher. Forbes, David V. Hubbard, Seth M. GP IEEE TI Investigation of Carrier Escape Mechanism in InAs/GaAs Quantum Dot Solar Cells SO 2012 38TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE carrier escape; thermal escape; tunneling; photovoltaic cells AB In order to enhance understanding of the short circuit improvement in InAs/GaAs quantum dot (QD) solar cells, the thermally assisted and tunneling mechanisms of carrier escape from the QD quantum confinement are investigated. The dependence of voltage biased spectral responsivity for QD solar cells at room temperature is studied to analyze carrier extraction through tunneling. Photoexcited carrier confinement and escape were also studied by means of temperature dependent spectral response (TDSR) and temperature dependent photoluminescence (TDPL). Energy required to move a carrier from the ground state to the first excited state, thermal activation energy (Ea), in a quantum dot is calculated from TDPL to be 114 meV. It is found that at room temperature carrier escape from the quantum dot confinement is affected by both thermal assisted escape and tunneling while at low temperature tunneling is the dominant in carrier escape from both wetting layer and QDs. For all temperature ranges, carrier exchange between ground states and excited states and carrier escape from ground states (GS) is first thermal escape to excited states (ES) then tunneling C1 [Dai, Yushuai; Kerestes, Christopher.; Forbes, David V.; Hubbard, Seth M.] Rochester Inst Technol, NanoPower Res Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Bailey, Christopher G.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dai, YS (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, NanoPower Res Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. FU National Science Foundation [DMR- 0955752]; Department of Energy [DE-FG36-08G0l8012]; NASA [SAA3-844] FX The authors would like to thank Chelsea Mackos (now with Emcore Corporation) and the staff of the NanoPower Research Laboratory at Rochester Institute of Technology. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (DMR- 0955752) and the Department of Energy (DE-FG36-08G0l8012) as well as NASA through SAA3-844. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0066-7 PY 2012 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Physics GA BCD90 UT WOS:000309917800010 ER PT J AU Polly, SJ Bittner, ZS Bailey, CG Forbes, DV Dai, Y Hubbard, SM AF Polly, Stephen J. Bittner, Zachary S. Bailey, Christopher G. Forbes, David V. Dai, Yushuai Hubbard, Seth M. GP IEEE TI Low Temperature Analysis of Quantum Dot Solar Cells SO 2012 38TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE In As; Quantum Dot; Tunneling; Two-Photon ID DIODES AB he low temperature operation of GaAs solar cells incorporating a superlattice ofInAs quantum dots (QD) was studied to explore carrier removal mechanisms. Dark currentvoltage characteristics of QD devices did not show a temperature dependence, which suggests a tunneling-dominated recombination mechanism. Two-photon extraction was investigated using a pump-probe method, but no evidence of twophoton was observed. Finally, I-sun measurements revealed a resonant-tunneling contribution to the current in the QD devices, which became prominent as temperature was reduced. C1 [Polly, Stephen J.; Bittner, Zachary S.; Forbes, David V.; Dai, Yushuai; Hubbard, Seth M.] Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Bailey, Christopher G.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Polly, SJ (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RI Polly, Stephen/C-1776-2015 OI Polly, Stephen/0000-0002-7563-6738 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-0066-7 PY 2012 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Physics GA BCD90 UT WOS:000309917800138 ER PT J AU Aravinda, S Shamala, N Karle, IL Balaram, P AF Aravinda, Subrayashastry Shamala, Narayanaswamy Karle, Isabella L. Balaram, Padmanabhan TI Characterization of bent helical conformations in polymorphic forms of a designed 18-residue peptide containing a central gly-pro segment SO BIOPOLYMERS LA English DT Article DE Pro kink; bent helices; peptide helices; polymorphs; crystal structures; X-ray diffraction ID ALPHA-AMINOISOBUTYRIC-ACID; PROLINE RESIDUES; TRANSMEMBRANE HELICES; AIB RESIDUES; PROTEINS; AGGREGATION; DYNAMICS; GEOMETRY; CRYSTAL; CHANNEL AB An 18-residue sequence Boc-Aib-Val-Ala-Leu-Aib-Val-Ala-Leu-Gly-Pro-Val-Ala-Leu-Aib-Val-Ala-Leu-Aib-OMe (UK18) was designed to examine the effect of introducing a Gly-Pro segment into the middle of a potentially helical peptide. The crystal structures of two polymorphic forms yielded a view of the conformation of three independent molecules. Form 1 (space group P212121, a = 14.620 angstrom; b = 26.506 angstrom, c = 28.858 angstrom, Z = 4) has one molecule in the asymmetric unit, with one cocrystallized water molecule. Form 2 (space group P212121, a = 9.696 angstrom; b = 19.641 angstrom, c = 114.31 angstrom, Z = 8) has two molecules in the asymmetric unit with four cocrystallized water molecules. In Form 1, residues 1 to 18 adopt phi,psi values that lie in the right-handed helical (alpha R) region of the Ramachandran map. Two residues, Leu (8) (phi = -92.0 degrees,psi = -7.5 degrees) and Leu (17) (phi = -94.7 degrees, psi = -1.7 degrees) adopt conformations that deviate significantly from helical values. In Form 2, molecule A, residues 2 to 16 lie in the alpha R region of phi,psi space, with Leu (8) (phi = -94.9 degrees, psi = -2.9 degrees) deviating significantly from helical values. Aib (1) and Aib (18) adopt left-handed (alpha L) helical conformation. Significant distortion is observed at Leu (17) (phi = -121.3 degrees, psi = -31.3 degrees). Molecule B, Form 2, adopts a right-handed helix over residues 1 to 17. In all three molecules, a distinct bend in the helix is observed, with the bend angle values varying from 40.8 degrees to 58.9 degrees (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 98: 7686, 2012. C1 [Shamala, Narayanaswamy] Indian Inst Sci, Dept Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. [Karle, Isabella L.] USN, Struct Matter Lab, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Aravinda, Subrayashastry; Balaram, Padmanabhan] Indian Inst Sci, Mol Biophys Unit, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. RP Shamala, N (reprint author), Indian Inst Sci, Dept Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. EM shamala@physics.iisc.ernet.in; pb@mbu.iisc.ernet.in FU SERC FAST Track Young Scientist Fellowship From the Department of Science and Technology; Department of Biotechnology, India FX Contract grant sponsor: SERC FAST Track Young Scientist Fellowship From the Department of Science and Technology; Contract grant sponsor: Department of Biotechnology, India NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3525 J9 BIOPOLYMERS JI Biopolymers PY 2012 VL 98 IS 1 BP 76 EP 86 DI 10.1002/bip.21697 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 040QW UT WOS:000311339000009 PM 21792844 ER PT J AU Qi, H Rendell, RW Glembocki, OJ Prokes, SM AF Qi, Hua Rendell, R. W. Glembocki, O. J. Prokes, S. M. TI Polarization Dependence of Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering on a Single Dielectric Nanowire SO JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; SILVER; SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULE; ORIENTATION; FILMS; PHTHALOCYANINE; NANOSTRUCTURE; MICROSCOPY AB Our measurements of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) on Ga2O3 dielectric nanowires (NWs) core/silver composites indicate that the SERS enhancement is highly dependent on the polarization direction of the incident laser light. The polarization dependence of the SERS signal with respect to the direction of a single NW was studied by changing the incident light angle. Further investigations demonstrate that the SERS intensity is not only dependent on the direction and wavelength of the incident light, but also on the species of the SERS active molecule. The largest signals were observed on an NW when the incident 514.5 nm light was polarized perpendicular to the length of the NW, while the opposite phenomenon was observed at the wavelength of 785 nm. Our theoretical simulations of the polarization dependence at 514.5 nm and 785 nm are in good agreement with the experimental results. C1 [Qi, Hua; Rendell, R. W.; Glembocki, O. J.; Prokes, S. M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Qi, H (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM qhqihua@yahoo.com FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) and Nanoscience Institute (NSI) of the US Naval Research Laboratory FX This work was partially supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) and Nanoscience Institute (NSI) of the US Naval Research Laboratory. The authors thank Dr. D.A. Alexson for his help during some data collections. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1687-4110 J9 J NANOMATER JI J. Nanomater. PY 2012 AR 946868 DI 10.1155/2012/946868 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 041YQ UT WOS:000311438400001 ER PT S AU Armstrong, JT Jorgensen, AM Neilson, HR Mozurkewich, D Baines, EK Schmitt, HR AF Armstrong, J. T. Jorgensen, A. M. Neilson, H. R. Mozurkewich, D. Baines, E. K. Schmitt, H. R. BE Delplancke, F Rajagopal, JK Malbet, F TI Precise Stellar Diameters from Coherently Averaged Visibilities SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry III CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE, Amer Astron Soc, Netherlands Inst Radio Astron (ASTRON), Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, Canadian Astron Soc (CASCA), European Astron Soc, European So Observ (ESO), Int Astron Union, Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst (KASI), Natl Radio Astron Observ, POPSud, TNO DE optical interferometry; NPOI; stellar diameters ID PROGRAM AB Optical interferometry is the only means of directly measuring the sizes of stars. The most precise angular diameter measurements, however, depend on measuring complex fringe visibilities V at spatial frequencies where Re(V) crosses zero. We can then use the spatial frequency B-perpendicular to/lambda(0) of the zero crossing as a measure of the stellar diameter via theta(UD,0) approximate to 1.22 lambda(0)/B-perpendicular to, where lambda(0) and is the wavelength at which Re(V) = 0 when observed with a baseline length B. projected toward the star, and theta(UD,0) is the equivalent uniform disk diameter. The variation in limb darkening with wavelength leads to a corresponding variation in theta(UD,0) with lambda, even at fixed B, which allows us to measure the limb darkening in detail and probe the structure of the atmosphere. However, in order to take meaningful data at those spatial frequencies, we need some form of bootstrapping, in wavelength, baseline length, or both. Reduction of these bootstrapped data benefits greatly from the increase in SNR offered by coherent averaging. We demonstrate the effect of limb darkening on theta(UD,0)(lambda) with simulated observations based on model atmospheres, and compare them to coherently averaged NPOI data. C1 [Armstrong, J. T.; Baines, E. K.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Armstrong, JT (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 7215,4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC USA. EM tom.armstrong@nrl.navy.mil OI Neilson, Hilding/0000-0002-7322-7236 NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9146-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8445 AR 84453K DI 10.1117/12.926508 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA BCB30 UT WOS:000309579600115 ER PT J AU Langland, RH Maue, RN AF Langland, Rolf H. Maue, Ryan N. TI Recent Northern Hemisphere mid-latitude medium-range deterministic forecast skill SO TELLUS SERIES A-DYNAMIC METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE numerical weather prediction; anomaly correlation coefficient; forecast skill; Arctic Oscillation ID OSCILLATION; PREDICTION; WINTER; MODEL; VERIFICATION; VARIABILITY; PERFORMANCE; IMPACT AB A multi-model archive of global deterministic forecasts and analyses from three operational systems is constructed to analyse recent Northern Hemisphere mid-latitude forecast skill from 2007 to 2012 and its relation to large-scale atmospheric flow anomalies defined by the Arctic Oscillation (AO) index. We find that the anomaly correlation coefficient (ACC) in 120-hr forecasts of 500 hPa geopotential height has similar variability on synoptic, monthly, and seasonal time scales in each of the three forecast systems examined here: the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Global Forecast System, and the U. S. Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System. The results indicate that forecast skill as measured by the ACC is significantly correlated with the AO index and its transitions between negative and positive phase. Intervals of exceptionally high ACC skill during the 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 winters are associated with periods in which the AO remained in a persistent negative phase pattern. Episodes of low ACC, including so-called 'forecast skill dropouts' most frequently occur during transitions between negative and positive AO index and with positive AO index. The root mean square error (RMSE) of 120-hr forecast 500 hPa height is also modulated by the AO index, but to a lesser extent than the ACC. In two recent winters, the RMSE indicates lower 120-hr forecast accuracy during periods with negative AO index, which is opposite to 'skill' patterns provided by the ACC. These results suggest that the ACC is not in all situations an optimal metric with which to quantify model forecast skill, since the ACC can be higher when the large-scale atmospheric flow contains strong anomalies even if there is no actual improvement in model forecasts of that atmospheric state. C1 [Langland, Rolf H.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. [Maue, Ryan N.] CNR, Postdoctoral Res Associate, Washington, DC 20418 USA. RP Langland, RH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. EM rolf.langland@nrlmry.navy.mil FU National Research Council at the Naval Research Laboratory in Monterey, California; ONR [PE-601153N]; NRL Base Program [PE 0602435N] FX This research was performed while the second author held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory in Monterey, California from 2010 to 2012. ECMWF deterministic forecast model data was obtained from the THORPEX Interactive Grand Global Ensemble (TIGGE) ECMWF portal. NCEP GFS and CFSR datasets were obtained from the NCDC NOAA Operational Model Archive and Distribution System (NOMADS). Support from the sponsor ONR PE-601153N for the first author is gratefully acknowledged. This research is supported by the NRL Base Program, PE 0602435N. The helpful comments of three manuscript reviewers are gratefully acknowledged. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU CO-ACTION PUBLISHING PI JARFALLA PA RIPVAGEN 7, JARFALLA, SE-175 64, SWEDEN SN 0280-6495 J9 TELLUS A JI Tellus Ser. A-Dyn. Meteorol. Oceanol. PY 2012 VL 64 AR 17531 DI 10.3402/tellusa.v64i0.17531 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA 039XD UT WOS:000311280500001 ER PT J AU Bachmann, ER Zmuda, M Calusdian, J Yun, XP Hodgson, E Waller, D AF Bachmann, Eric R. Zmuda, Michael Calusdian, James Yun, Xiaoping Hodgson, Eric Waller, David BE Mehdi, Q Elmaghraby, A Marshall, I Moreton, R Ragade, R Zapirain, BG Chariker, J ElSaid, M Yampolskiy, R Zhigiang, NL TI Going Anywhere Anywhere Creating a Low Cost Portable Immersive VE System SO 2012 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER GAMES (CGAMES) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on Computer Games (CGAMES) - AI, Animation, Mobile, Interactive Multimedia, Educational and Serious Games CY JUL 30-AUG 01, 2012 CL Louisville, KY SP Univ Wolverhampton, Sch Technol, Univ Louisville, J B Speed Sch Engn, IEEE Soc, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Simulat (TCSIM), IEEE Comp Soc (Louisville Chapter), Digital Games Res Assoc (DiGRA), Int Journal Intelligent Games & Simulat (IJIGS), Inst Gaming & Animat DE Immersive Virtual Environment; Zero Velocity Updates; SLAM; Redirected Walking AB In general, the use of VE (Virtual Environment) systems has required users to travel to specialized facilities in which an expensive infrastructure has been pre-installed. Often these facilities allow only one user at a time, and users usually move through virtual worlds by means of an artificial interface device or a movement metaphor. In short, most VR facilities are centralized, specialized, and expensive, and have thus been relatively unavailable to a great majority of the population. This paper reports on the development of an innovative immersive VE system that is completely portable. The proposed system would allow multiple users to be immersed simultaneously and could be used in any large indoor or outdoor area such as a gymnasium or parking lot. Users will move through virtual worlds naturally, and will be able to walk for miles in a virtual world without ever becoming aware of the physical limits of the tracking space or the locations of other users. The portable system will cost far less than current systems. The research hinges on three emerging techniques. The first is redirected walking (RDW). The second is self-contained inertial position tracking (SCIPT). The last is the use of ultrasonic and/or laser ranging systems to simultaneously localize and map (SLAM) within an unfamiliar tracking area. The paper describes the effort that is underway and reports preliminary results which have been obtained in each of these areas over the last few years. C1 [Bachmann, Eric R.; Zmuda, Michael] Miami Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Software Engn, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Calusdian, James; Yun, Xiaoping] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Hodgson, Eric; Waller, David] Miami Univ, Dept Psychol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. RP Bachmann, ER (reprint author), Miami Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Software Engn, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. EM Eric.Bachmann@muohio.edu; zmudam@muohio.edu; jcalusdi@nps.edu; yun@nps.edu; Eric.Hodgson@muohio.edu; wallerda@muohio.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF); Army Research Office (ARO) FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the Army Research Office (ARO). The authors would like to acknowledge the work of Jeannette Holm, David Vincent, Joshua Wonser, and Chuan Hao Yang, and thank them for their exception al efforts in helping to make this research possible. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 978-1-4673-1119-9 PY 2012 BP 108 EP 115 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BCL54 UT WOS:000310619400017 ER PT S AU Tian, YD Narasimhan, SG Vannevel, AJ AF Tian, Yuandong Narasimhan, Srinivasa G. Vannevel, Alan J. GP IEEE TI Depth from Optical Turbulence SO 2012 IEEE CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION AND PATTERN RECOGNITION (CVPR) SE IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) CY JUN 16-21, 2012 CL Providence, RI SP IEEE AB Turbulence near hot surfaces such as desert terrains and roads during the summer, causes shimmering, distortion and blurring in images. While recent works have focused on image restoration, this paper explores what information about the scene can be extracted from the distortion caused by turbulence. Based on the physical model of wave propagation, we first study the relationship between the scene depth and the amount of distortion caused by homogenous turbulence. We then extend this relationship to more practical scenarios such as finite extent and height-varying turbulence, and present simple algorithms to estimate depth ordering, depth discontinuity and relative depth, from a sequence of short exposure images. In the case of general non-homogenous turbulence, we show that a statistical property of turbulence can be used to improve long-range structure-from-motion (or stereo). We demonstrate the accuracy of our methods in both laboratory and outdoor settings and conclude that turbulence (when present) can be a strong and useful depth cue. C1 [Tian, Yuandong; Narasimhan, Srinivasa G.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Vannevel, Alan J.] US Naval, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA USA. RP Tian, YD (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM yuandong@cs.cmu.edu; srinivas@cs.cmu.edu; alan.vannevel@navy.mil NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1063-6919 BN 978-1-4673-1228-8 J9 PROC CVPR IEEE PY 2012 BP 246 EP 253 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BBZ37 UT WOS:000309166200032 ER PT J AU Roesler, JR Cervantes, VG Amirkhanian, AN AF Roesler, Jeffery R. Cervantes, Victor G. Amirkhanian, Armen N. TI Accelerated performance testing of concrete pavement with short slabs SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAVEMENT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE concrete pavements; short slab geometry; full-scale testing; accelerated testing ID ULTRATHIN; MINNESOTA; FRACTURE; PLAIN AB A new concept for designing concrete pavements by optimising the slab geometry in order to reduce the slab thickness as well as to minimise the mechanical load transfer devices has recently been proposed. Theoretically, the reduced slab size lowers the load and curling-induced tensile stresses and concomitantly a thinner concrete slab can be constructed. Full-scale test sections were constructed and tested under accelerated pavement loading conditions to validate this design concept hypothesis. The design and concrete material factors studied in this research were concrete thickness of 9, 15 or 20 cm; granular or asphalt concrete base layer; and plain or fibre-reinforced concrete (FRC). A methodology was presented to convert the channelised traffic loading to equivalent single axle loads (ESALs) so that comparisons could be made between the various test sections. The accelerated pavement testing showed that shorter slab sizes can sustain a significant number of overloads and greater number of ESALs before developing cracking relative to standard jointed concrete pavements. The most prevalent distress observed was corner cracking which occurred twice as much as longitudinal cracks, whereas only 3 out of 46 cracking distresses were transverse cracks. The 20 cm concrete slabs on granular base did not experience fatigue cracking for trafficking up to 51 million ESALs. The 15 cm concrete slabs on granular base began cracking on an average of 11 million ESALs. As expected, the concrete slabs on asphalt base resisted a significant larger number of ESALs relative to the same concrete thickness on granular base. The cracking performance of the 9 cm concrete slabs on granular base varied with the stiffness of the soil. For the 9 cm slab thickness, structural fibres provided a longer fatigue life and extended service life relative to the plain concrete slabs. Finally, the smaller slab sizes maintained a medium-to-high load transfer efficiency over the accelerated loading period for all slab thicknesses without the development of any faulting. As expected, these slab systems resulted in higher deflections, and, therefore, the granular base and subgrade layers as well as lateral drainage system must be designed and specified to reduce the rate of permanent deformation and minimise the possibility of support erosion. C1 [Roesler, Jeffery R.; Amirkhanian, Armen N.] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL USA. [Cervantes, Victor G.] USN, NAVFAC, Facil Engn Serv Ctr, Port Hueneme, CA USA. RP Amirkhanian, AN (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL USA. EM amirkha1@illinois.edu OI Amirkhanian, Armen/0000-0002-8436-8958 FU TCPavements Ltd. FX The authors would like to acknowledge TCPavements Ltd. for their financial support of this research. TCPavements is patented technology in Chile (44820-2009), the USA (757,1581) and international application PCT/EP2006/064732. The contents of this report reflect the view of the authors, who are responsible for the facts and accuracy of the data presented herein. NR 49 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1029-8436 J9 INT J PAVEMENT ENG JI Int. J. Pavement Eng. PY 2012 VL 13 IS 6 BP 494 EP 507 DI 10.1080/10298436.2011.575134 PG 14 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science GA 032RB UT WOS:000310735600002 ER PT J AU Rossi, RA McDowell, LK Aha, DW Neville, J AF Rossi, Ryan A. McDowell, Luke K. Aha, David W. Neville, Jennifer TI Transforming Graph Data for Statistical Relational Learning SO JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MARKOV LOGIC-NETWORKS; P-ASTERISK MODELS; WORLD-WIDE-WEB; LINK-PREDICTION; SOCIAL NETWORKS; METABOLIC NETWORKS; COLLECTIVE CLASSIFICATION; RECOMMENDER SYSTEMS; PROBABILISTIC MODEL; FEATURE-SELECTION AB Relational data representations have become an increasingly important topic due to the recent proliferation of network datasets (e. g., social, biological, information networks) and a corresponding increase in the application of Statistical Relational Learning (SRL) algorithms to these domains. In this article, we examine and categorize techniques for transforming graph-based relational data to improve SRL algorithms. In particular, appropriate transformations of the nodes, links, and/or features of the data can dramatically affect the capabilities and results of SRL algorithms. We introduce an intuitive taxonomy for data representation transformations in relational domains that incorporates l ink transformation and nod e transformation as symmetric representation tasks. More specifically, the transformation tasks for both nodes and links include (i) predicting their existence, (ii) predicting their label or type, (iii) estimating their weight or importance, and (iv) systematically constructing their relevant features. We motivate our taxonomy through detailed examples and use it to survey competing approaches for each of these tasks. We also discuss general conditions for transforming links, nodes, and features. Finally, we highlight challenges that remain to be addressed. C1 [Rossi, Ryan A.; Neville, Jennifer] Purdue Univ, Dept Comp Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [McDowell, Luke K.] USN Acad, Dept Comp Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Aha, David W.] USN, Res Lab Code 5514, Navy Ctr Appl Res Artificial Intelligence, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rossi, RA (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Comp Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM RROSSI@PURDUE.EDU; LMCDOWEL@USNA.EDU; DAVID.AHA@NRL.NAVY.MIL; NEVILLE@PURDUE.EDU OI Rossi, Ryan/0000-0001-9758-0635 FU ASEE/ONR NREIP; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship; NSF [1116439, IIS-1149789]; ONR FX We thank all the reviewers for many helpful suggestions and feedback. The majority of this work was completed at the Naval Research Laboratory, where Ryan Rossi was supported by an ASEE/ONR NREIP summer internship in 2010 and by a NSF Graduate Research Fellowship (at Purdue University). Luke McDowell was supported in part by NSF award number 1116439 and by a grant from ONR. This research was also partly supported by the NSF under the contract number IIS-1149789. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of ONR, NSF, or the U.S. Government. NR 287 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 7 PU AI ACCESS FOUNDATION PI MARINA DEL REY PA USC INFORMATION SCIENCES INST, 4676 ADMIRALITY WAY, MARINA DEL REY, CA 90292-6695 USA SN 1076-9757 EI 1943-5037 J9 J ARTIF INTELL RES JI J. Artif. Intell. Res. PY 2012 VL 45 BP 363 EP 441 PG 79 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA 033MT UT WOS:000310801900001 ER PT J AU Henderson, WA Fylstra, P De Long, HC Trulove, PC Parsons, S AF Henderson, Wesley A. Fylstra, Paul De Long, Hugh C. Trulove, Paul C. Parsons, Simon TI Crystal structure of the ionic liquid EtNH3NO3-Insights into the thermal phase behavior of protic ionic liquids SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; SOLID METHYLAMMONIUM BROMIDE; ORDER-DISORDER TRANSITION; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ETHYLAMMONIUM NITRATE; INFRARED-SPECTRA; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; AMMONIUM HALIDES; SELF-DIFFUSION AB The crystal structure of the salt ethylammonium nitrate (EtNH3NO3) has been determined. EtNH3NO3 is one of the most widely studied protic ionic liquids (PILs)-ILs formed by proton transfer from a Bronsted acid to a Bronsted base. The structural features from the crystal structure, in concert with a Raman spectroscopic analysis of the ions, provide direct insight as to why EtNH3NO3 melts below ambient temperature, while other related salts (such as EtNH3Cl) do not. C1 [Henderson, Wesley A.; Fylstra, Paul; Trulove, Paul C.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Henderson, Wesley A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Ion Liquids & Electrolyte Energy Technol ILEET La, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [De Long, Hugh C.] USAF, Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Parsons, Simon] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Chem, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Henderson, WA (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM whender@ncsu.edu; hugh.delong@afosr.af.mil; trulove@usna.edu; s.parsons@ed.ac.uk FU U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX The U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research is gratefully acknowledged for funding portions of this work. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Air Force or Navy. NR 61 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 57 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 EI 1463-9084 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PY 2012 VL 14 IS 46 BP 16041 EP 16046 DI 10.1039/c2cp43079g PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 032SS UT WOS:000310740000012 PM 23099473 ER PT S AU Zhilyaev, AP McNelley, TR Ruano, OA AF Zhilyaev, A. P. McNelley, T. R. Ruano, O. A. BE Palmiere, EJ Wynne, BP TI Microstructure and texture evolution in metals and alloys during intense plastic deformation SO RECRYSTALLIZATION AND GRAIN GROWTH IV SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Recrystallization and Grain Growth (ReX & GG 2010) CY JUL 04-09, 2010 CL Sheffield, ENGLAND DE Microstructure; texture; high-pressure torsion; equal channel angular pressing ID HIGH-PRESSURE TORSION; COMMERCIAL PURITY ALUMINUM; NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; GRAIN-REFINEMENT; HOMOGENEITY AB Intense plastic deformation is generally effective in producing grain refinement. IPD methods include equal channel angular pressing/extrusion (ECAP/ECAE), high-pressure torsion (HPT), accumulative roll bonding (ARB), and friction stir processing (FSP), among others. In this work, we summarize the main results on grain refinement by these processing methods and present our own data on microstructure and texture evolution in metals and alloys during ECAP, HPT and FSP. Whereas ECAP and HPT are usually performed with the work piece material initially at room temperature or even at liquid nitrogen temperature to enhance refinement, FSP involves a brief but complex thermomechanical cycle with peak temperatures up to 0.7 - 0.9 T-Melt. Apparently, materials undergo dynamic recrystallization (DRX) during ESP. DRX also occurs also in metals and alloys of low T-Melt due to adiabatic heating during HPT performed at room temperature. The paper is devoted to revisiting of previous as well as new results and a comparative analysis of microstructure and texture evolution in commercially pure aluminum and selected pure metals and alloys during ECAP, HPT and FSP in order to illustrate the limits of grain refinement. C1 [Zhilyaev, A. P.; Ruano, O. A.] CSIC, Dept Met Phys, Ctr Nacl Invest Met CENIM, Av Gregorio del Amo 8, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Zhilyaev, A. P.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Metals Superplastic Problem, Ufa 450001, Russia. [McNelley, T. R.] US Navy, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Zhilyaev, AP (reprint author), CSIC, Dept Met Phys, Ctr Nacl Invest Met CENIM, Av Gregorio del Amo 8, Madrid 28040, Spain. EM zhilyaev@cenim.csic.es; TMcNelley@nps.edu; ruano@cenim.csic.es RI Zhilyaev, Alexander/E-5624-2010; Ruano, Oscar/H-1835-2015; OI Ruano, Oscar/0000-0001-6368-986X; Zhilyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1902-8703 FU MICINN of Spain [MAT2009-14452-C02-01] FX The work was partially support by MICINN (MAT2009-14452-C02-01) of Spain. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 BN 978-3-03785-390-0 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2012 VL 715-716 BP 51 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.715-716.51 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BCA42 UT WOS:000309430800006 ER PT S AU Klein, PB AF Klein, P. B. BE Devaty, RP Dudley, M Chow, TP Neudeck, PG TI Long Carrier Lifetimes in n-type 4H-SiC Epilayers SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2011, PTS 1 AND 2 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials (ICSCRM 2011) CY SEP 11-16, 2011 CL Cleveland, OH SP Cree, Keithley Instruments, AIXTRON, Dow Corn Elect Solut, Gen Elect, CuttingEdgeIons com, Off Naval Res Global (ONRG), NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Infineon, SemiSouth, Microsemi, OAI DE 4H-SiC; carrier lifetime; defects; recombination ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ENERGY-ELECTRON IRRADIATION; EPITAXIAL LAYERS; DEEP LEVELS; DEFECTS; GROWTH AB Recent advances in preparing n-type 4H-SiC with long carrier lifetimes have greatly enhanced the possibility of realizing commercially available, very high voltage and high power solid state switching diodes. For the range > several kV, vertical bipolar structures are required with drift layers exhibiting carrier lifetimes >= several mu sec. Recently, low-doped epilayers with carrier lifetimes in excess of this have been demonstrated, thus approaching a goal that has been pursued for over a decade. Historically, the short lifetimes in early epitaxial layers (a few hundred nsec) were eventually identified with the V-c-related Z(1/2) lifetime killer. Current strategies to minimize this defect are an essential ingredient in the procedure for obtaining long-lifetime material. In order to optimize the attainable lifetimes, it has been shown that in addition to low Z(1/2) levels, very thick layers are required to minimize the effects of recombination in the substrate and surface passivation is also necessary to minimize surface recombination (S < 1000 cm/sec). C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Klein, PB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM paul.klein@nrl.navy.mil NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI STAFA-ZURICH PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 BN 978-3-03785-419-8 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2012 VL 717-720 BP 279 EP 284 DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.717-720.279 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BCA44 UT WOS:000309431000065 ER PT S AU Mahadik, NA Stahlbush, RE Caldwell, JD O'Loughlin, M Burk, A AF Mahadik, Nadeemullah A. Stahlbush, Robert E. Caldwell, Joshua D. O'Loughlin, Michael Burk, Albert BE Devaty, RP Dudley, M Chow, TP Neudeck, PG TI Correlation of Extended Defects on Carrier Lifetime in Thick SiC Epilayers SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2011, PTS 1 AND 2 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials (ICSCRM 2011) CY SEP 11-16, 2011 CL Cleveland, OH SP Cree, Keithley Instruments, AIXTRON, Dow Corn Elect Solut, Gen Elect, CuttingEdgeIons com, Off Naval Res Global, NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Infineon, SemiSouth, Microsemi, OAI DE Carrier Lifetime; Extended Defects; High power ID DISLOCATIONS AB The effect of extended defects on carrier lifetime was investigated in 140 pm thick 4H-SiC epilayers using whole wafer ultraviolet photoluminescence (UVPL) and microwave photoconductive decay (mu PCD) mapping. Half-loop arrays (HLA) seen in the UVPL images showed a corresponding lifetime degradation in the same region, even before expansion of the HLAs to form SFs. Lifetime lowering was also seen for a defect comprising of a small 3C-SiC inclusion with a larger misoriented 4H-SiC region. Additionally, formation of slip planes after high temperature annealing was observed, which consequently shows a lifetime reduction in that region. C1 [Mahadik, Nadeemullah A.; Stahlbush, Robert E.; Caldwell, Joshua D.] USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [O'Loughlin, Michael; Burk, Albert] Creare Res & Dev Inc, Durham, NC 27703 USA. RP Mahadik, NA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mahadik@ccs.nrl.navy.mil RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008 OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 BN 978-3-03785-419-8; 978-3-03813-833-4 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2012 VL 717-720 BP 297 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.717-720.297 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BCA44 UT WOS:000309431000069 ER PT S AU Stahlbush, RE Zhang, Q Agarwal, A Mahadik, NA AF Stahlbush, Robert E. Zhang, Qingchun (Jon) Agarwal, Anant Mahadik, Nadeemullah A. BE Devaty, RP Dudley, M Chow, TP Neudeck, PG TI Effect of Stacking Faults Originating from Half Loop Arrays on Electrical Behavior of 10 kV 4H-SiC PiN Diodes SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2011, PTS 1 AND 2 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials (ICSCRM 2011) CY SEP 11-16, 2011 CL Cleveland, OH SP Cree, Keithley Instruments, AIXTRON, Dow Corn Elect Solut, Gen Elect, CuttingEdgeIons com, Off Naval Res Global, NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Infineon, SemiSouth, Microsemi, OAI DE PiN degradation; half-loop array; stacking fault; basal plane dislocation; BPD ID DISLOCATIONS; EPITAXY AB The effects of Shockley stacking faults (SSFs) that originate from half loop arrays (HLAs) on the forward voltage and reverse leakage were measured in 10 kV 4H-SiC PiN diodes. The presence of HLAs and basal plane dislocations in each diode in a wafer was determined by ultraviolet photoluminescence imaging of the wafer before device fabrication. The SSFs were expanded by electrical stressing under forward bias of 30 A/cm(2), and contracted by annealing at 550 degrees C. The electrical stress increased both the forward voltage and reverse leakage. Annealing returned the forward voltage and reverse leakage to nearly their original behavior. The details of SSF expansion and contraction from a HLA and the effects on the electrical behavior of the PiN diodes are discussed. C1 [Stahlbush, Robert E.; Mahadik, Nadeemullah A.] USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zhang, Qingchun (Jon); Agarwal, Anant] Cree Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Stahlbush, RE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM stahlbush@nrl.navy.mil NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 BN 978-3-03785-419-8; 978-3-03813-833-4 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2012 VL 717-720 BP 387 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.717-720.387 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BCA44 UT WOS:000309431000091 ER PT S AU Mahadik, NA Stahlbush, RE Caldwell, JD Hobart, KD AF Mahadik, Nadeemullah A. Stahlbush, R. E. Caldwell, J. D. Hobart, K. D. BE Devaty, RP Dudley, M Chow, TP Neudeck, PG TI Ultraviolet Photoluminescence Imaging of Stacking Fault Contraction in 4H-SiC Epitaxial Layers SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2011, PTS 1 AND 2 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials (ICSCRM 2011) CY SEP 11-16, 2011 CL Cleveland, OH SP Cree, Keithley Instruments, AIXTRON, Dow Corn Elect Solut, Gen Elect, CuttingEdgeIons com, Off Naval Res, NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Infineon, SemiSouth, Microsemi, OAI DE UVPL Imaging; Stacking fault contraction; Basal Plane Dislocations ID DIODES; DEFECTS AB Shockley stacking fault (SSF) contraction in 4H-SiC was investigated, in-situ, under varying temperature and ultraviolet (UV) intensity. Contraction of single SSFs at room temperature was observed for the first time under low power UV excitation of 0.04 W/cm(2). At temperatures above 150 degrees C, complete SSF contraction occurred for UV power at 0.2 W/cm(2). In contrast to expansion, SSF contraction occurred in discrete jumps between pinning sites along existing C-core partials. Luminescence from the pinning sites suggest they may be local concentrations of point defects. Additionally, a change in the line direction of the Si-core partials by similar to 25 degrees off the <11<(2)over bar> 0> direction was observed. C1 [Mahadik, Nadeemullah A.; Stahlbush, R. E.; Caldwell, J. D.; Hobart, K. D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mahadik, NA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mahadik@ccs.nrl.navy.mil RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008 OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168 NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI STAFA-ZURICH PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 BN 978-3-03785-419-8 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2012 VL 717-720 BP 391 EP 394 DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.717-720.391 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BCA44 UT WOS:000309431000092 ER PT S AU Caldwell, JD Lombez, L Delamarre, A Guillemoles, JF Bourgoin, B Hull, BA Verhaegen, M AF Caldwell, Joshua D. Lombez, Laurent Delamarre, Amaury Guillemoles, Jean-Francois Bourgoin, Brice Hull, Brett A. Verhaegen, Marc BE Devaty, RP Dudley, M Chow, TP Neudeck, PG TI ii Luminescence Imaging of Extended Defects in SiC via Hyperspectral Imaging SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2011, PTS 1 AND 2 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials (ICSCRM 2011) CY SEP 11-16, 2011 CL Cleveland, OH SP Cree, Keithley Instruments, AIXTRON, Dow Corn Elect Solut, Gen Elect, CuttingEdgeIons com, Off Naval Res Global, NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Infineon, SemiSouth, Microsemi, OAI DE hyperspectral imaging; photoluminescence; electroluminescence; pin diode; stacking faults ID STACKING-FAULTS; INCLUSIONS; DIODES AB Over the past decade, improvements in silicon carbide growth and materials have led to the development of commercialized unipolar devices such as Schottky diodes and MOSFETs. However, much work remains to realize the goal of wide-scale commercialization of both unipolar and bipolar devices, such as pin diodes or IGBTs, for applications requiring high powers, operating at elevated temperatures or in radiation environments or for many fast switching applications. Despite the great strides that have been made in reducing extended and point defect densities during this period, such defects still remain and, with the push to lower off-cut angle substrates, are in many cases seeing increases in prevalence. Thus, spectroscopic and imaging techniques for locating and identifying these defects are in high demand. Luminescence imaging and spectroscopy have both been utilized heavily in such work, yet simultaneously obtaining corresponding spectroscopic and spatial information from such defects is problematic. Here we report on hyperspectral imaging of electroluminescence from SiC pin diodes, whereby a stack of luminescence images are collected over a wide spectral range (400-900 nm), thereby providing the ability to simultaneously image distinct features and identify their corresponding spectral properties. This process is also equally applicable to collecting either photo- or electroluminescence from other materials or devices emitting in either the UV-Vis or NIR spectral range, as well as to reflectance, transmission or other imaging techniques. C1 [Caldwell, Joshua D.] USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lombez, Laurent; Delamarre, Amaury; Guillemoles, Jean-Francois] Ecole Natl Super, Chim ParisTech, F-75231 Paris, France. [Hull, Brett A.] Cree Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Bourgoin, Brice; Verhaegen, Marc] Photon Etc, Quebec City H2S 2X3, PQ, Canada. RP Caldwell, JD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joshua.caldwell@nrl.navy.mil; laurent-lombez@chimie-paristech.fr; amaury-delamarre@chimie-paristech.fr; jf-guillemoles@chimie-paristech.fr; bbourgoin@photonetc.com; brett_hull@cree.com; marc.verhaegen@photonetc.com RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008; Guillemoles, JF/I-5166-2013; OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168; Guillemoles, Jean-Francois/0000-0003-0114-8624 FU ONR; DARPA FX This work was supported by ONR and DARPA. The authors thank Dr. Rachael Myers-Ward, Dr. Robert Stahlbush and Dr. Orest Glembocki for helpful conversations. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 BN 978-3-03785-419-8; 978-3-03813-833-4 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2012 VL 717-720 BP 403 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.717-720.403 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BCA44 UT WOS:000309431000095 ER PT S AU Cheiwchanchamnangij, T Birkel, T Lambrecht, WRL Efros, AL AF Cheiwchanchamnangij, Tawinan Birkel, Thomas Lambrecht, Walter R. L. Efros, Al. L. BE Devaty, RP Dudley, M Chow, TP Neudeck, PG TI GaAs Nanowires: A New Place to Explore Polytype Physics SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2011, PTS 1 AND 2 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials (ICSCRM 2011) CY SEP 11-16, 2011 CL Cleveland, OH SP Cree, Keithley Instruments, AIXTRON, Dow Corn Elect Solut, Gen Elect, CuttingEdgeIons com, Off Naval Res Global, NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Infineon, SemiSouth, Microsemi, OAI DE polytypism; GW calculations; nanowire; GaAs AB Recently, polytypism has been observed in nanowires in materials (e.g. GaAs) for which normally only one crystal structure is stable. Here we provide band structure parameters for wurzite and 4H GaAs and use them for modeling the nanowire electronic states. The band gap, crystal field splitting, and its strain dependence are calculated using the quasiparticle self-consistent GW method. The nanowire electronic states are obtained in the envelope function approximation within a simplified cylindrical model. The crystal field splitting of the wurtzite GaAs valence band is found to bc 180 meV while in 4H-GaAs it is 69 mcV, suggesting a downward bowing as a function of hexagonality. The conduction band minimum at F changes symmetry character under strain. We discuss the consequences for nanowires and determine the conditions under which a polarization reversal of photoluminescence can occur from mostly perpendicular to parallel to the wire. C1 [Cheiwchanchamnangij, Tawinan; Birkel, Thomas; Lambrecht, Walter R. L.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Efros, Al. L.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lambrecht, WRL (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM walter.lambrecht@case.edu RI Lambrecht, Walter/O-1083-2016; OI Lambrecht, Walter/0000-0002-5377-0143 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 BN 978-3-03785-419-8; 978-3-03813-833-4 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2012 VL 717-720 BP 565 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.717-720.565 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BCA44 UT WOS:000309431000135 ER PT S AU Anderson, TJ Hobart, KD Nyakiti, LO Wheeler, VD Myers-Ward, RL Caldwell, JD Bezares, FJ Gaskill, DK Eddy, CR Kub, FJ Jernigan, GG Tadjer, MJ Imhoff, EA AF Anderson, T. J. Hobart, K. D. Nyakiti, L. O. Wheeler, V. D. Myers-Ward, R. L. Caldwell, J. D. Bezares, F. J. Gaskill, D. K. Eddy, C. R., Jr. Kub, F. J. Jernigan, G. G. Tadjer, M. J. Imhoff, E. A. BE Devaty, RP Dudley, M Chow, TP Neudeck, PG TI Electrical Characterization of the Graphene-SiC Heterojunction SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2011, PTS 1 AND 2 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials (ICSCRM 2011) CY SEP 11-16, 2011 CL Cleveland, OH SP Cree, Keithley Instruments, AIXTRON, Dow Corn Elect Solut, Gen Elect, CuttingEdgeIons com, Off Naval Res Global, NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Infineon, SemiSouth, Microsemi, OAI DE Graphene; p-SiC; n-SiC; heterojunction AB Graphene, a 2D material, has motivated significant research in the study of its in-plane charge carrier transport in order to understand and exploit its unique physical and electrical properties. The vertical graphene-semiconductor system, however, also presents opportunities for unique devices, yet there have been few attempts to understand the properties of carrier transport through the graphene sheet into an underlying substrate. In this work, we investigate the epitaxial graphene/4H-SiC system, studying both p and n-type SiC substrates with varying doping levels in order to better understand this vertical heterojunction. C1 [Anderson, T. J.; Hobart, K. D.; Myers-Ward, R. L.; Caldwell, J. D.; Gaskill, D. K.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.; Kub, F. J.; Jernigan, G. G.; Imhoff, E. A.] USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nyakiti, L. O.; Wheeler, V. D.; Bezares, F. J.] American Soc Engn Educ, Washington, DC USA. [Tadjer, M. J.] Univ Politecn Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. RP Anderson, TJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM travis.anderson@nrl.navy.mil; karl.hobart@nrl.navy.mil; luke.nyakiti.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; virginia.wheeler.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; rachael.myers-ward@nrl.navy.mil; joshua.caldwell@nrl.navy.mil; francisco.bezares.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; kurt.gaskill@nrl.navy.mil; chip.eddy@nrl.navy.mil; fritz.kub@nrl.navy.mil; glenn.jernigan@nrl.navy.mil; mtadjer@die.upm.es; gene.imhoff@nrl.navy.mil RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008 OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 BN 978-3-03785-419-8; 978-3-03813-833-4 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2012 VL 717-720 BP 641 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.717-720.641 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BCA44 UT WOS:000309431000153 ER PT S AU Walton, SG Hernandez, SC Baraket, M Wheeler, VD Nyakiti, LO Myers-Ward, RL Eddy, CR Gaskill, DK AF Walton, S. G. Hernandez, S. C. Baraket, M. Wheeler, V. D. Nyakiti, L. O. Myers-Ward, R. L. Eddy, C. R., Jr. Gaskill, D. K. BE Devaty, RP Dudley, M Chow, TP Neudeck, PG TI Plasma-based chemical modification of epitaxial graphene SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2011, PTS 1 AND 2 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials (ICSCRM 2011) CY SEP 11-16, 2011 CL Cleveland, OH SP Cree, Keithley Instruments, AIXTRON, Dow Corn Elect Solut, Gen Elect, CuttingEdgeIons com, Off Naval Res Global, NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Infineon, SemiSouth, Microsemi, OAI DE Epitaxial Graphene; Functionalization; Plasma; Oxygen ID BEAM-GENERATED PLASMAS; ELECTRON; SPECTROSCOPY; GRAPHITE; CARBON AB In this work, the chemical modification of epitaxial graphene on SiC using electron beam generated plasmas produced in mixtures of argon and oxygen is demonstrated. The treatment imparts oxygen functional groups on the surface with concentrations ranging up to about 12 at.%, depending on treatment parameters. Surface characterization shows the incorporation of oxygen leads to a disruption of pi-bonds, and an altering of bulk electrical properties. C1 [Walton, S. G.; Hernandez, S. C.; Baraket, M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wheeler, V. D.; Nyakiti, L. O.; Myers-Ward, R. L.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.; Gaskill, D. K.] Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Walton, SG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM scott.walton@nrl.navy.mil; sandra.hangarter.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; mira.baraket.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; virginia.wheeler.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; luke.nyakiti.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; rachael.myers-ward@nrl.navy.mil; chip.eddy@nrl.navy.mil; kurt.gaskill@nrl.navy.mil RI Hernandez, Sandra/C-6724-2013 FU Naval Research Laboratory base program; National Research Council; American Society of Engineering Education FX This work is supported by the Naval Research Laboratory base program. MB and SCH acknowledge postdoctoral fellowship support from the National Research Council. VDW and LON acknowledge postdoctoral fellowship support from the American Society of Engineering Education. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 11 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 BN 978-3-03785-419-8; 978-3-03813-833-4 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2012 VL 717-720 BP 657 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.717-720.657 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BCA44 UT WOS:000309431000157 ER PT S AU Nagareddy, VK Gaskill, DK Tedesco, JL Myers-Ward, RL Eddy, CR Goss, JP Wright, NG Horsfall, AB AF Nagareddy, V. K. Gaskill, D. K. Tedesco, J. L. Myers-Ward, R. L. Eddy, C. R., Jr. Goss, J. P. Wright, N. G. Horsfall, A. B. BE Devaty, RP Dudley, M Chow, TP Neudeck, PG TI Temperature Dependent Chemical Sensitivity of Epitaxial Graphene SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2011, PTS 1 AND 2 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials (ICSCRM 2011) CY SEP 11-16, 2011 CL Cleveland, OH SP Cree, Keithley Instruments, AIXTRON, Dow Corn Elect Solut, Gen Elect, CuttingEdgeIons com, Off Naval Res Global, NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Infineon, SemiSouth, Microsemi, OAI DE Epitaxial Graphene; Chemical Sensing; Polar Protic; Polar Aprotic; Dipole Moment ID SENSORS AB We investigated the chemical sensing mechanism of epitaxial graphene grown on 6H-SiC (0001) to different polar solvents and their behavior at higher temperatures. We show that at 300 K the sensitivity of the graphene sensor increases with the dipole moment of a solvent and decreases significantly as the temperature increased to 42.5 K. Using electrical measurements, we also show that graphene can effectively discriminate between polar protic and polar aprotic solvents with the shift in device electrical resistance at 300 K. C1 [Nagareddy, V. K.; Goss, J. P.; Wright, N. G.; Horsfall, A. B.] Newcastle Univ, Sch Elect Elect & Comp Engn, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. [Gaskill, D. K.; Tedesco, J. L.; Myers-Ward, R. L.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Nagareddy, VK (reprint author), Newcastle Univ, Sch Elect Elect & Comp Engn, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. EM v.k.nagareddy@ncl.ac.uk; kurt.gaskill@nrl.navy.mil; rachael.myers-ward@nrl.navy.mil; chip.eddy@nrl.navy.mil; j.p.goss@ncl.ac.uk; n.g.wright@ncl.ac.uk; alton.horsfall@ncl.ac.uk RI Hernandez, Sandra/C-6724-2013; Wright, Nick/O-1092-2013; Nagareddy, Karthik/F-3380-2014; OI Nagareddy, Karthik/0000-0002-8765-3834; Wright, Nicholas/0000-0003-3169-4159 FU ASEE; U.S. Office of Naval Research and the EPSRC, UK FX VKN is grateful for studentship support from BAE Systems through the DHPA scheme. JLT is grateful for postdoctoral support from ASEE. Portions of this work were supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research and the EPSRC, UK NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 BN 978-3-03785-419-8; 978-3-03813-833-4 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2012 VL 717-720 BP 691 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.717-720.691 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BCA44 UT WOS:000309431000165 ER PT S AU Hobart, KD Imhoff, EA Kub, FJ Hefner, AR Duong, TH Ortiz-Rodriguez, JM Ryu, SH Grider, D Leslie, S Sherbondy, J Ray, B AF Hobart, K. D. Imhoff, E. A. Kub, F. J. Hefner, A. R., Jr. Duong, T. H. Ortiz-Rodriguez, J. M. Ryu, S. -H. Grider, D. Leslie, S. Sherbondy, J. Ray, B. BE Devaty, RP Dudley, M Chow, TP Neudeck, PG TI Performance of Hybrid 4.5 kV SiC JBS Freewheeling Diode and Si IGBT SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2011, PTS 1 AND 2 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials (ICSCRM 2011) CY SEP 11-16, 2011 CL Cleveland, OH SP Cree, Keithley Instruments, AIXTRON, Dow Corn Elect Solut, Gen Elect, CuttingEdgeIons com, Off Naval Res Global, NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Infineon, SemiSouth, Microsemi, OAI DE JBS diode; Schottky diode; IGBT; freewheeling diode AB The performance of Junction Barrier Schottky (JBS) diodes developed for medium voltage hard-switched Naval power conversion is reported. Nominally 60 A, 4.5kV rated JBS freewheeling diodes were paired with similarly rated Si IGBTs and evaluated for temperature dependent static and dynamic characteristics as well as HTRB and surge capability. The SiC JBS/Si IGBT pair was also directly compared to Si PiN diode/Si IGBT with similar ratings. Compared to Si, the SiC freewheeling diode produced over twenty times lower reverse recovery charge leading to approximately a factor-of-four-reduction in turn-on loss. Alternatively, for equivalent total switching loss, the SiC JBS/Si IGBT hybrid configuration allows for at least a 50% increase in specific switched power density. Reliability testing showed the devices to be robust with zero failures. C1 [Hobart, K. D.; Imhoff, E. A.; Kub, F. J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hefner, A. R., Jr.; Duong, T. H.; Ortiz-Rodriguez, J. M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Ryu, S. -H.; Grider, D.] Cree Inc, Durham, NC 27703 USA. [Leslie, S.; Sherbondy, J.] Powerex Inc, Youngwood, PA 15697 USA. [Ray, B.] Bloomsburg Univ Penn, Bloomsburg, PA 17815 USA. RP Hobart, KD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM karl.hobart@nrl.navy.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 BN 978-3-03785-419-8; 978-3-03813-833-4 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2012 VL 717-720 BP 941 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.717-720.941 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BCA44 UT WOS:000309431000224 ER PT S AU Imhoff, EA Hobart, KD Kub, FJ Ancona, MG Myers-Ward, RL Garces, NY Wheeler, VD Nyakiti, LO Eddy, CR Gaskill, DK AF Imhoff, E. A. Hobart, K. D. Kub, F. J. Ancona, M. G. Myers-Ward, R. L. Garces, N. Y. Wheeler, V. D. Nyakiti, L. O. Eddy, C. R., Jr. Gaskill, D. K. BE Devaty, RP Dudley, M Chow, TP Neudeck, PG TI Positive Temperature Coefficient SiC PiN Diodes SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2011, PTS 1 AND 2 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials (ICSCRM 2011) CY SEP 11-16, 2011 CL Cleveland, OH SP Cree, Keithley Instruments, AIXTRON, Dow Corn Elect Solut, Gen Elect, CuttingEdgeIons com, Off Naval Res, NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Infineon, SemiSouth, Microsemi, OAI DE PiN diode; rectifier; temperature-dependence ID SILICON-CARBIDE; VOLTAGE AB Integration of patterned ballast resistance into the anode of SiC PiNs is a solution to the dilemma of negative dV(f)/dT for such diodes. In fabricated 4H-SiC PiN diodes, We demonstrate a cross-over from negative to positive temperature coefficient for current densities as low as 80 A/cm(2). Adjusting the percentage of the patterned anode area, the positive or neutral dV(f)/dT can be achieved over a wide current-density range without substantial penalty in the forward voltage drop. This characteristic is crucial for high-power SiC packages with ganged-parallel rectifier arrays. C1 [Imhoff, E. A.; Hobart, K. D.; Kub, F. J.; Ancona, M. G.; Myers-Ward, R. L.; Garces, N. Y.; Wheeler, V. D.; Nyakiti, L. O.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.; Gaskill, D. K.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Imhoff, EA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM imhoff@nrl.navy.mil; hobart@nrl.navy.mil NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI STAFA-ZURICH PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 BN 978-3-03785-419-8 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2012 VL 717-720 BP 981 EP 984 DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.717-720.981 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BCA44 UT WOS:000309431000234 ER PT S AU Veliadis, V Hearne, H Chang, W Caldwell, JD Stewart, EJ Snook, M Howell, RS Urciuoli, D Lelis, A Scozzie, C AF Veliadis, V. Hearne, H. Chang, W. Caldwell, J. D. Stewart, E. J. Snook, M. Howell, R. S. Urciuoli, D. Lelis, A. Scozzie, C. BE Devaty, RP Dudley, M Chow, TP Neudeck, PG TI Recovery of Bipolar-Current Induced Degradations in High-Voltage Implanted-Gate Junction Field Effect Transistors SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2011, PTS 1 AND 2 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials (ICSCRM 2011) CY SEP 11-16, 2011 CL Cleveland, OH SP Cree, Keithley Instruments, AIXTRON, Dow Corn Elect Solut, Gen Elect, CuttingEdgeIons com, Off Naval Res Global, NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Infineon, SemiSouth, Microsemi, OAI DE JFET; stacking faults; bipolar degradation; silicon carbide; stressing; annealing; stacking fault shrinking ID STACKING-FAULTS; DIODES AB Electron-hole recombination-induced stacking faults have been shown to degrade the electrical characteristics of SiC power pin and MPS diodes and DMOSFETs with thick drift epitaxial layers. In this paper, we investigate the effects of bipolar injection induced stacking faults on the electrical characteristics of p+ ion-implanted high-voltage vertical-channel JFETs with 100-mu m drift epilayers. The JFETs were stressed at a fixed gate-drain bipolar current density of 100 A/cm(2) for five hours, which led to degradation of the forward gate-drain p-n junction and on-state conduction. The degradation was fully reversed by annealing at 350 degrees C for 96 hours. Forward and reverse gate-source, transfer, reverse gate-drain, and blocking voltage JFET characteristics exhibit no degradation with bipolar stress. Non-degraded characteristics remain unaffected by annealing events. Consequently, should minority carrier injection occur in JFETs operating at elevated temperatures no stacking fault induced degradations are expected. This eliminates the need for specialty substrates with suppressed densities of basal plane dislocations in the fabrication of high-voltage SiC JFETs for high temperature applications. C1 [Veliadis, V.; Hearne, H.; Stewart, E. J.; Snook, M.; Howell, R. S.] Northrop Grumman Elect Syst, 1212 Winterson Rd, Linthicum, MD 21090 USA. [Chang, W.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Caldwell, J. D.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Urciuoli, D.; Lelis, A.; Scozzie, C.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Veliadis, V (reprint author), Northrop Grumman Elect Syst, 1212 Winterson Rd, Linthicum, MD 21090 USA. EM victor.veliadis@ngc.com; joshua.caldwell@nrl.navy.mil; damian.p.urciuoli.civ@mail.mil RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008 OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168 FU Army Research Laboratory and was accomplished under Cooperative Agreement [W911NF-06-2-0002] FX Research was sponsored by the Army Research Laboratory and was accomplished under Cooperative Agreement Number W911NF-06-2-0002. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Army Research Laboratory or the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 BN 978-3-03785-419-8; 978-3-03813-833-4 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2012 VL 717-720 BP 1013 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.717-720.1013 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA BCA44 UT WOS:000309431000242 ER PT J AU Speck, S Derschum, H Damdindorj, T Dashdavaa, O Jiang, J Kaysser, P Jigjav, B Nyamdorj, E Baatar, U Munkhbat, E Choijilsuren, O Gerelchuluun, O Romer, A Richards, AL Kiefer, D Scholz, H Wolfel, R Zoller, L Dobler, G Essbauer, S AF Speck, Stephanie Derschum, Henri Damdindorj, Tserennorov Dashdavaa, Otgonbaatar Jiang, Ju Kaysser, Philipp Jigjav, Battsetseg Nyamdorj, Erdenebat Baatar, Undraa Munkhbat, Enkhtuya Choijilsuren, Otgonchimeg Gerelchuluun, Otgonsuren Roemer, Angelika Richards, Allen L. Kiefer, Daniel Scholz, Holger Woelfel, Roman Zoeller, Lothar Dobler, Gerhard Essbauer, Sandra TI Rickettsia raoultii, the predominant Rickettsia found in Mongolian Dermacentor nuttalli SO TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Rickettsia raoultii; Rickettsia sibirica; Ixodes persulcatus; Dermacentor nuttalli; Mongolia ID TICK-BORNE RICKETTSIOSES; FEVER GROUP RICKETTSIAE; GERMANY; SLOVACA; MEMBERS; RUSSIA AB Since the year 2005, clinical patterns resembling tick-borne rickettsioses have been noticed in Mongolia. Epidemiological data regarding species of the aetiological agent, tick vector, prevalence, and distribution as well as incidence of human cases throughout Mongolia are still sparse to date. In order to identify Rickettsia species occurring in Mongolia, we investigated Dermacentor nuttalli (n = 179) and Ixodes persulcatus (n = 374) collected in 4 selected provinces. Rickettsia raoultii was the predominant Rickettsia (82% prevalence) found in D. nuttalli and was also detected in I. persulcatus (0.8%). The Rickettsia prevalence in D. nuttalli from different provinces varied between 70% and 97%. In addition, R. sibirica was identified in approximately 4% of D. nuttalli, but solely from Arkhanghai province. The results of this study extend the common knowledge about the geographic distribution of R. raoultii and its high prevalence in D. nuttalli. Although the pathogenicity of this Rickettsia is still unclear, it should be considered in Mongolian patients suspected of having tick-borne rickettsiosis. (c) 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Speck, Stephanie] Bundeswehr Inst Microbiol, Dept Virol & Rickettsiol, D-80937 Munich, Germany. [Damdindorj, Tserennorov; Dashdavaa, Otgonbaatar; Jigjav, Battsetseg; Baatar, Undraa; Munkhbat, Enkhtuya] NCIDNF, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep. [Jiang, Ju; Richards, Allen L.] USN, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Nyamdorj, Erdenebat; Choijilsuren, Otgonchimeg; Gerelchuluun, Otgonsuren] Local Branch Selenge Aimak, NCIDNF, Sukhbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep. [Roemer, Angelika] Univ Munich, Munich, Germany. RP Speck, S (reprint author), Bundeswehr Inst Microbiol, Dept Virol & Rickettsiol, Neuherbergstr 11, D-80937 Munich, Germany. EM stephaniespeck@bundeswehr.org RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 21 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1877-959X J9 TICKS TICK-BORNE DIS JI Ticks Tick-Borne Dis. PY 2012 VL 3 IS 4 BP 227 EP 231 DI 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2012.04.001 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology GA 028DI UT WOS:000310402600005 PM 22784401 ER PT S AU Donohue, C Shadforth, S AF Donohue, Cam Shadforth, Scott GP IEEE TI Evaluation and Lessons Learned Through the Developmental Test of the AH-1W Helicopter Helmet Display and Tracker System SO 2012 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 03-10, 2012 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE, AIAA, Phmsoc, AESS AB Developmental testing (DT) of the Helmet Display and Tracker System (HDTS) as installed on the United States Marine Corps (USMC) AH-1W attack helicopter was conducted to evaluate its performance and effectiveness for the attack helicopter mission. Developmental testing of the HDTS helmet mounted display system (HMDS) as a replacement for the legacy Helmet Sight Subsystem (HSS) and Gideon Aviators Night Vision Imaging System Head-Up Display (ANVIS HUD) was conducted November 2010- July 2011 in the Naval Air Station (NAS) Patuxent River, Maryland local area. HDTS system accuracy, 20mm gun weapon delivery accuracy (WDA), weapons compatibility with Hellfire and 2.75 inch rockets, and human factors were evaluated under mission representative profiles. HDTS demonstrated a number of improvements and increases in capability over the legacy HSS: the capability to boresight the system in the aircraft provided significantly increased convenience over the legacy system; the elimination of the obsolete rail linkage system improved head mobility and increased aircrew safety; the accurate pilot line-of-sight improved 20-mm gun weapon delivery accuracy; and the HDTS symbol set offered significantly increased "heads-up" capability to greatly improve situational awareness in the battlefield. The HDTS demonstrated satisfactory performance for the USMC Attack helicopter mission; however completion of its developmental test series included overcoming numerous aircraft integration, hardware integration, human factors, and system performance issues. The process of addressing these issues and making warranted system re-designs, molded the HDTS into a highly suitable and desirable system for the AH-1W. This paper will address the HDTS developmental test and evaluation methodology including innovative test techniques using an unmanned aerial system (UAS) for range scoring, discuss improvements afforded as well as issues that generally plague HMDS experienced with HDTS, and highlight lessons learned during the system's growth through developmental testing. C1 [Donohue, Cam; Shadforth, Scott] USN, Air Stn Patuxent River, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Donohue, C (reprint author), USN, Air Stn Patuxent River, AIR 5-1-2-2 RW Mission Syst Bldg 111,Suite 3A,227, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. EM Cam.donohue@navy.mil; Scott.shadforth@navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4577-0557-1 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2012 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BBZ12 UT WOS:000309105303040 ER PT S AU Ganguli, G Crabtree, C Rudakov, L Chappie, S AF Ganguli, Gurudas Crabtree, Christopher Rudakov, Leonid Chappie, Scott GP IEEE TI Active Debris Removal by Micron-Scale Dust Injection SO 2012 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 03-10, 2012 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE, AIAA, Phmsoc, AESS AB In response to the recent National Research Council report concerning orbital debris hazards and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration study suggesting active removal of small-scale (1mm - cm) 'mission-ending' orbital debris, we discuss concepts for small debris elimination through deployment of micron scale dust. Dust, which naturally fills the near-earth environment, can be deployed artificially in a narrow altitude band to enhance drag on debris and force reentry. The injected dust will also reenter the earth's atmosphere. Orbital and suborbital dust deployment concepts for actively removing debris that (i) has uniformly spread around the earth or (ii) remains localized over a small volume, as well as the system risks and their possible mitigation are discussed. C1 [Ganguli, Gurudas; Crabtree, Christopher] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ganguli, G (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Code 6756, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gurudas.ganguli@nrl.navy.mil; chris.crabtree@nrl.navy.mil; lrudakov@gmail.com; scott.chappie@nrl.navy.mil NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4577-0557-1 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2012 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BBZ12 UT WOS:000309105300081 ER PT S AU Henshaw, CG AF Henshaw, Carl Glen GP IEEE TI Touch Sensing for Space Robotics SO 2012 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 03-10, 2012 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE, AIAA, Phmsoc, AESS AB We describe the design of a spaceflight-traceable tactile skin suitable for use with robotic manipulators and the algorithms necessary to make use of it. In order to perform robustly in the presence of orbital thermal and radiation extremes, the skin is based on relatively large discrete force sensors arranged sparsely on a rigid substrate. In order to compensate for the resulting lack of spatial resolution, we have developed a signal reconstruction algorithm based on Basis Pursuit Denoising (BPDN), a sparse reconstruction technique which is shown to provide an effective resolution approximately twenty-five times greater than the Nyquist-Shannon Sampling Theorem suggests is possible for a skin of this type. The signal processing algorithm is robust to white noise and simultaneously performs environmental contact classification. C1 USN, Res Lab, Naval Ctr Space Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Henshaw, CG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Naval Ctr Space Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM glen.henshaw@nrl.navy.mil NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4577-0557-1 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2012 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BBZ12 UT WOS:000309105300051 ER PT S AU Jaffe, P Hodkin, J Harrington, F AF Jaffe, Paul Hodkin, Jason Harrington, Forest GP IEEE TI Development of a Sandwich Module Prototype for Space Solar Power SO 2012 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 03-10, 2012 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE, AIAA, Phmsoc, AESS AB Space Solar Power (SSP) is broadly defined to be the collection of solar energy in space and its wireless transmission for use on earth. It has been observed that the implementation of such a system could offer energy security, environmental, and technological advantages to those who would undertake its development. Among recent implementations commonly proposed for SSP, the Modular Symmetrical Concentrator (MSC) concept has received considerable attention. It employs an array of modules for performing conversion of concentrated sunlight into microwaves for transmission to earth. While prototypes of such modules have been designed and developed previously by several groups, none have been subjected to the challenging conditions inherent to the space environment and possible solar concentration levels in which an array of modules would be required to operate. The research described herein details our team's efforts to resolve trade studies associated with the development of a "sandwich" module and its planned implementation and testing under realistic operating conditions. C1 [Jaffe, Paul; Hodkin, Jason; Harrington, Forest] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Jaffe, P (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Paul.jaffe@nrl.navy.mil; Jason.Hodkin@nrl.navy.mil; Forest.Harrington@nrl.navy.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4577-0557-1 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2012 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BBZ12 UT WOS:000309105301003 ER PT S AU Jungwirth, MEL Wilcox, CC Romeo, RC Wick, DV Dereniak, EL Martin, RN Baker, MS AF Jungwirth, Matthew E. L. Wilcox, Christopher C. Romeo, Robert C. Wick, David V. Dereniak, Eustace L. Martin, Robert N. Baker, Michael S. GP IEEE TI Actuation for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Active Optical Mirrors SO 2012 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 03-10, 2012 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE, AIAA, Phmsoc, AESS AB Adaptive or active elements can alter their shape to remove aberrations or shift focal points. Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) material improves upon current active mirror materials, such as Zerodur, in several ways: low stiffness-to-weight ratio, very low hysteresis, and greater dynamic range of correction. In this paper, we present recent developments in CFRP mirror actuation, i.e., changing the mirror's shape in an accurate and repeatable fashion. Actuation methods are studied both theoretically, using finite element analysis, and experimentally, using interferometric testing. We present results using two annular rings to push against the mirror's back, producing a wavefront with less than 20 waves of total error. Applications for this work include active telescope secondaries, phase diversity, and adaptive zoom systems. C1 [Jungwirth, Matthew E. L.] Sandia Natl Labs, 1515 Eubank Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Wilcox, Christopher C.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Romeo, Robert C.] Composite Mirror Appl, Tucson, AZ USA. [Dereniak, Eustace L.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Jungwirth, MEL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 1515 Eubank Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM mejungw@sandia.gov; Chris.wilcox@gmail.com; robertromeo@compositemirrors.com; dvwick@sandia.gov; eustace@optics.arizona.edu; robertmartin@compositemirrors.com; msbaker@sandia.gov FU Office of Naval Research; Sandia Labs; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors would like to thank the invaluable assistance of Brian Clark and Jared Milinazzo, and useful discussions with Freddie Santiago and Brett Bagwell. M. Jungwirth would like to thank E. Jungwirth for helpful comments on the manuscript.; This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research (Michael Duncan program manager) and the Sandia Labs LDRD program.; Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4577-0557-1 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2012 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BBZ12 UT WOS:000309105301088 ER PT S AU Qiu, D Lynch, R Blasch, E Yang, C AF Qiu, Di Lynch, Robert Blasch, Erik Yang, Chun GP IEEE TI Underwater Navigation Using Location-Dependent Signatures SO 2012 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 03-10, 2012 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE, AIAA, Phmsoc, AESS DE underwater navigation; multisensor; location signature; geotag; control; MUSNav ID SIGNALS AB This paper investigates the benefits of a multisensor fusion methodology for underwater navigation using location-dependent signatures, or geotags. The proposed coordinate-free system uses both natural and man-made signals, as well as transient events to extract location-dependent signatures for navigation and guidance. Natural signals include the geomagnetic field, gravity field, bathymetric features, and naturally-occurring very low frequency radio signals. Man-made acoustic sources of opportunity include drainage outlets and pump stations in littoral zones and particularly in harbors, which can be explored to serve as underwater beacons for navigation. This paper models a multisensor coordinate-free system, characterizes various signals for underwater navigation, and evaluates the Multisensor Underwater Signature-based Navigation (MUSNav) system in terms of accuracy, availability, and continuity of the navigation solution. C1 [Qiu, Di; Yang, Chun] Sigtem Technol Inc, San Mateo, CA 94402 USA. [Lynch, Robert] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI USA. [Blasch, Erik] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Qiu, D (reprint author), Sigtem Technol Inc, San Mateo, CA 94402 USA. EM diqiu@sigtem.com; robert.s.lynch@navy.mil; erik.blasch@wpafb.af.mil; chunyang@sigtem.com NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4577-0557-1 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2012 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BBZ12 UT WOS:000309105302015 ER PT S AU Strand, TE Ennis, MJ AF Strand, Trevor E. Ennis, Maj John GP IEEE TI MV-22B High Density Altitude Handling Qualities SO 2012 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 03-10, 2012 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE, AIAA, Phmsoc, AESS AB All rotary wing aircraft suffer from degraded handling qualities while operating at high density altitudes (DA). (1 2 3) It was predicted that the V-22 Osprey would also suffer degraded flying qualities at high DA; however no testing in the low airspeed regime had been conducted above 6000 ft DA, and predictions and simulation were unreliable at high rotor thrust coefficients. To expand the aircraft operating envelope, and evaluate the unique handling qualities of a tilt rotor, a test program was conducted to evaluate aircraft operational effectiveness specifically in the low airspeed regime (below 50 knots). Flight control frequency response and bandwidth were evaluated in all axes. Paced critical azimuth was conducted to evaluate trim conditions and control margins. Multi-axis inputs were evaluated to determine attitude response. Mission Task Elements (MTE's) were evaluated to characterize operational effectiveness, and validated current tilt rotor techniques and procedures. This paper presents the test method, scope, and planning efforts, presents results and conclusions, and also identifies recommendations and lessons learned from the evaluation. C1 [Strand, Trevor E.] Naval Air Syst Command, ISEET Detachment, Hangar 109,RM 255,22347 Cedar Point Rd,Unit 6, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. [Ennis, Maj John] USMC, Dept Navy, AITEVRON 21 HX-21, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Strand, TE (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, ISEET Detachment, Hangar 109,RM 255,22347 Cedar Point Rd,Unit 6, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. EM trevor.strand@navy.mil; john.ennis@navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4577-0557-1 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2012 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BBZ12 UT WOS:000309105303030 ER PT S AU Warner, JG Middour, JW AF Warner, John G. Middour, Jay W. GP IEEE TI Radar Transmitter Geolocation via Novel Observation Technique and Particle Swarm Optimization SO 2012 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 03-10, 2012 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE, AIAA, Phmsoc, AESS ID PASSIVE LOCALIZATION; CONFIDENCE-REGIONS AB The ability to precisely determine the location of radar transmitters can be crucially important in maintaining domain awareness. This, however, may be problematic with traditional methods when used with a distributed network of disparate sensors. A novel geolocation technique for circularly scanning radar transmitters is introduced. This technique uses the differenced central times of arrival (DCTOA) of the main beam as an observable. The solution for the transmitters position and scan rate are given using a weighted least squares approach as well as a particle swarm optimizer. Experimental results show this technique is able to locate a radar transmitter within 11 meters, while maintaining minimal complexity. This technique has the advantage of requiring orders of magnitude less timing synchronization among receivers, an order of magnitude less data transfer, and it does not require simultaneous illumination of receivers. C1 [Warner, John G.; Middour, Jay W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Warner, JG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4577-0557-1 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2012 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BBZ12 UT WOS:000309105302009 ER PT S AU Kunapareddy, N Grun, J Lunsford, R Gillis, D Nikitin, S Wang, Z AF Kunapareddy, Nagapratima Grun, Jacob Lunsford, Robert Gillis, David Nikitin, Sergei Wang, Zheng BE Fountain, AW TI Multi-wavelength resonance Raman spectroscopy of bacteria to study the effects of growth condition SO CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, NUCLEAR, AND EXPLOSIVES (CBRNE) SENSING XIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing XIII CY APR 24-27, 2012 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Multi-wavelength spectroscopy; Resonance Raman spectroscopy; bacteria identification; UV ID DEEP UV; SPECTRA; IDENTIFICATION; NM; EXCITATION; COLI AB We will examine the use of multi-wavelength UV resonance-Raman signatures to identify the effects of growth phase on different types of bacteria. Gram positive and gram-negative species, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Citrobacter koseri and Citrobacter braakii were grown to logarithmic and stationary phases in different culture media. Raman spectra of bacteria were obtained by sequential illumination of samples between 220 and 260 nm; a range which encompasses the resonance frequencies of cellular components. In addition to the information contained in the single spectrum, this two-dimensional signature contains information reflecting variations in resonance cross sections with illumination wavelength. Results of our algorithms in identifying the differences between these germs are discussed. Preliminary results indicate that growth affects the Raman signature, but not to an extent that would negate identification of the species. C1 [Kunapareddy, Nagapratima; Nikitin, Sergei] Res Support Instruments, Lanham, MD USA. [Lunsford, Robert; Gillis, David] US Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC USA. [Gillis, David] US Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC USA. [Wang, Zheng] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC USA. RP Kunapareddy, N (reprint author), Res Support Instruments, Lanham, MD USA. EM pratima@ccs.nrl.navy.mil FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) FX This work was funded and supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA). DTRA was founded in 1998 to integrate and focus the capabilities of the Department of Defense that address the weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) threat. The mission of the DTRA is to safeguard America and its allies from WMD threat (e.g. chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and high yield explosives) by providing capabilities to reduce, eliminate and counter the threat and mitigate its effects. Under DTRA, Department of Defense resources, expertise and capabilities are combined to ensure the United States remains ready and able to address the present and future WMD threats. For more information on DTRA, visit www.dtra.mil/. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9036-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8358 AR 83580B DI 10.1117/12.918652 PG 7 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BBY46 UT WOS:000308737700008 ER PT S AU Lunsford, R Grun, J Gump, J AF Lunsford, Robert Grun, Jacob Gump, Jared BE Fountain, AW TI High-Resolution Optical Signatures of Fresh and Aged Explosives in the 420nm to 620nm Illumination Range SO CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, NUCLEAR, AND EXPLOSIVES (CBRNE) SENSING XIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing XIII CY APR 24-27, 2012 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE ID VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; RAMAN-SPECTRA; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE; PRODUCTS AB Optical signatures of fresh and aged explosives are measured and compared to determine whether there exist differences in the signatures that can be exploited for detection. The explosives examined are RDX, TNT, and HMX, which have been heated for two weeks at 75 degrees centigrade or irradiated for two weeks with a 15-Watt ultraviolet lamp (254nm). The optical signatures are obtained by illuminating the samples with a sequence of laser wavelengths between 420nm and 620nm in 10 nm steps and measuring the spectra of light scattered from the sample at each laser wavelength. The measurements are performed on the Naval Research Laboratory's SWOrRD instrument. SWOrRD is capable of illuminating a sample with laser wavelength between 210nm and 2000nm, in steps of 0.1nm, and measuring the spectrum of light scattered from the sample at each wavelength. SWOrRD's broad tuning range, high average power (1-300mW), narrow line width (<4cm(-1)), and rapid wavelength tunability enable these measurements. Results, based on more than 80 measurements - each at 21 sequential laser wavelengths, indicate that the variation in spectral line amplitude observed when altering laser illumination wavelength differs between fresh and aged explosives. Thus, an instrument for rapid and reagent-less differentiation between aged and fresh explosives, based on illumination with a few appropriately chosen laser wavelengths appears feasible. C1 [Lunsford, Robert; Grun, Jacob] USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Grun, Jacob] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC USA. [Gump, Jared] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Lunsford, R (reprint author), USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9036-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8358 AR 83580L DI 10.1117/12.918621 PG 12 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BBY46 UT WOS:000308737700016 ER PT J AU Drusinsky, D AF Drusinsky, Doron TI Behavioral and Temporal Pattern Detection within Financial Data with Hidden Information SO JOURNAL OF UNIVERSAL COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Hidden Markov Models; UML; statecharts; monitoring; patterns; hidden data ID TIME-SERIES; VERIFICATION AB This paper describes a technique for behavioral and temporal pattern detection within financial data, such as credit card and bank account data, where the required information is only partially visible. Typically, transaction amount, transaction date, merchant name and type, and location of transaction are all visible data items, i.e., they are readily available in the financial institutions database. In contrast, the transaction status as a business transaction (using a personal card), a personal transaction, an investment related transaction, or perhaps a suspicious transaction, is information not explicitly available in the database. Our behavioral pattern detection technique combines well-known Hidden Markov Model (HMM) techniques for learning and subsequent identification of hidden artifacts, with run-time pattern detection of probabilistic UML-based formal specifications. The proposed approach entails a process in which the end-user first develops his or her deterministic patterns, s/he then identifies hidden artifacts in those patterns. Those artifacts induce the state set of the identifying HMM, whose remaining parameters are learned using standard frequency analysis techniques. In the run-time pattern detection phase, the system emits visible information, used by the HMM to deduce invisible information, and sequences thereof; both types of information are then used by a probabilistic pattern detector to monitor the pattern. C1 [Drusinsky, Doron] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Drusinsky, D (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ddrusins@nps.edu FU U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) FX This research was funded by a grant from the U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA). NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU GRAZ UNIV TECHNOLGOY, INST INFORMATION SYSTEMS COMPUTER MEDIA-IICM PI GRAZ PA INFFELDGASSE 16C, GRAZ, A-8010, AUSTRIA SN 0948-695X J9 J UNIVERS COMPUT SCI JI J. Univers. Comput. Sci. PY 2012 VL 18 IS 14 BP 1950 EP 1966 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 028OB UT WOS:000310430600004 ER PT B AU Martin, K AF Martin, Keye BE Abramsky, S Mislove, M TI The Scope of a Quantum Channel SO MATHEMATICAL FOUNDATIONS OF INFORMATION FLOW SE Proceedings of Symposia in Applied Mathematics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Clifford Lectures Information Flow in Physics, Geometry, Logic and Computation CY MAR 12-15, 2008 CL Tulane Univ, Math Dept, New Orleans, LA SP Us Off Naval Res HO Tulane Univ, Math Dept DE Capacity; scope; channel; information theory; quantum communication ID MATHEMATICAL-THEORY; COMMUNICATION; MAPS AB The capacity of a classical channel is a single number that to a large extent captures its ability to transmit information. Though analogous notions exist for quantum channels, the use of a single number is not particularly informative. For instance, any basis of the state space can be used to represent classical bits, and each representation leads to a classical channel with a capacity all its own. So the ability of a quantum channel to transmit information should minimally depend on all of the different ways classical bits can be represented: instead of a single number, we should measure it with a set of numbers. We call this set, which consists of the range of achievable classical capacities, the scope. For unital channels on qubits, we establish that scope is in fact a compact interval, provide an exact characterization of it and then show how to systematically calculate it. These results, which rely extensively on the algebraic structure of quantum channels, are then used to design an adaptive scheme for communication in which the participants can maximize the information transmitted after first determining the state of the environment (which we show how to do) and then performing a scope calculation. When this technique is applied to quantum cryptography, it becomes possible to minimize the error rate over any time interval where the environment remains stable. For familiar forms of noise, like bit flipping, the error rate is cut in half. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Martin, K (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kmartin@itd.nrl.navy.mil NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER MATHEMATICAL SOC PI PROVIDENCE PA P.O. BOX 6248, PROVIDENCE, RI 02940 USA BN 978-0-8218-4923-1 J9 PROC SYM AP PY 2012 VL 71 BP 183 EP 211 PG 29 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA BCI84 UT WOS:000310253500007 ER PT B AU Martin, K Panangaden, P AF Martin, Keye Panangaden, Prakash BE Abramsky, S Mislove, M TI Spacetime geometry from causal structure and a measurement SO MATHEMATICAL FOUNDATIONS OF INFORMATION FLOW SE Proceedings of Symposia in Applied Mathematics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Clifford Lectures Information Flow in Physics, Geometry, Logic and Computation CY MAR 12-15, 2008 CL Tulane Univ, Math Dept, New Orleans, LA SP Us Off Naval Res HO Tulane Univ, Math Dept DE Causal structure; topology; geometry; spacetime; domain theory; measurement ID COMPACTNESS; CURVES; DOMAIN AB The causal structure of spacetime defines a partial order on the events of spacetime. In an earlier paper, using techniques from domain theory, we showed that for globally hyperbolic spacetimes one could reconstruct the topology from the causal structure. However, the causal structure determines the metric only up to a local rescaling (a conformal transformation); in a four dimensional spacetime, the metric tensor has ten components, and thus effectively only nine are determined by the causal structure. After establishing the relationship between measurement in domain theory, the concept of global time function and the Lorentz distance, we are able to domain theoretically recover the final tenth component of the metric tensor, thereby obtaining causal reconstruction of not only the topology of spacetime, but also its geometry. C1 [Martin, Keye] USN, Res Lab, Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Martin, K (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst, Code 5540, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kmartin@itd.nrl.navy.mil; prakash@cs.mcgill.ca NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER MATHEMATICAL SOC PI PROVIDENCE PA P.O. BOX 6248, PROVIDENCE, RI 02940 USA BN 978-0-8218-4923-1 J9 PROC SYM AP PY 2012 VL 71 BP 213 EP 232 PG 20 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA BCI84 UT WOS:000310253500008 ER PT S AU McGill, RA Simonson, D Ta, JH Nguyen, V Ozten, Y Kendziora, C Stievater, TH AF McGill, R. Andrew Simonson, Duane Ta, Julie H. Viet Nguyen Ozten, Yasar Kendziora, Chris Stievater, Todd H. BE Lendlein, A Behl, M Feng, Y Guan, Z Xie, T TI Solutochromic Molecular Spectroscopy with a Reference Hydrogen-Bond Acid Dendrimer SO MULTIFUNCTIONAL POLYMER-BASED MATERIALS SE Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium V on Multifunctional Polymer-based Materials at the MRS Fall Meeting and Exhibit CY NOV 28-DEC 02, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP IBM Zurich, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht GmbH, MRS ID SOLVATOCHROMIC COMPARISON METHOD; CHEMICAL SENSORS; COATINGS; POLYMER; SCALE AB A zeroth order dendritic carbosilane structure, SiFA4H with four hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) functional groups attached via propyl ligand arms to a central silicon atom, has been developed as a model hydrogen-bond (HB) acid sorbent coating and candidate reference HB acid. The HB donor interaction, through the hydroxyl of the HFIP moiety, with a solute HB base can be monitored by observing the hydroxyl stretching frequency through measurements of SiFA4H FTIR spectra before and during vapor exposure. HFIP hydroxyl stretch shifts, upwards of 700 cm(-1) have been observed depending on the HB base. For a range of HB bases, the resulting hydroxyl stretch shifts correlate directly with the solute HB basicity scale, "B", developed by Abraham et al [1]. A variety of techniques exist to measure solute HB basicity, however, the applicability to examine HB bases delivered as vapors or gases and the simplicity of the measurements described herein, with a reusable reference HB acid sorbent coating and standard FTIR spectrophotometer techniques is attractive for some applications including those with hazardous chemicals. Moreover, as an extension of this work we propose employing SiFA4H or related sorbents as molecular sensing coatings, where the semi-selective sorbent is examined by various infrared (IR) spectroscopic techniques to monitor and identify hazardous chemicals, taking advantage of molecular binding phenomena which occur in the sorbent [2]. C1 [McGill, R. Andrew; Simonson, Duane; Ta, Julie H.; Viet Nguyen; Ozten, Yasar; Kendziora, Chris; Stievater, Todd H.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP McGill, RA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Codes 6365, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 978-1-60511-380-7 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2012 VL 1403 BP 229 EP 234 DI 10.1557/opl.2012.776 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BCB15 UT WOS:000309561200034 ER PT J AU Wei, M De Pondeca, MSFV Toth, Z Parrish, D AF Wei, M. De Pondeca, M. S. F. V. Toth, Z. Parrish, D. TI Estimation and calibration of observation impact signals using the Lanczos method in NOAA/NCEP data assimilation system SO NONLINEAR PROCESSES IN GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ENSEMBLE DATA ASSIMILATION; TRANSFORM KALMAN FILTER; ANALYSIS-PERTURBATION SCHEME; THEORETICAL ASPECTS; PREDICTION SYSTEM; FORECAST SYSTEM; ANALYSIS ERROR; NCEP; ECMWF; FORMULATION AB Despite the tremendous progress that has been made in data assimilation (DA) methodology, observing systems that reduce observation errors, and model improvements that reduce background errors, the analyses produced by the best available DA systems are still different from the truth. Analysis error and error covariance are important since they describe the accuracy of the analyses, and are directly related to the future forecast errors, i.e., the forecast quality. In addition, analysis error covariance is critically important in building an efficient ensemble forecast system (EFS). Estimating analysis error covariance in an ensemble-based Kalman filter DA is straightforward, but it is challenging in variational DA systems, which have been in operation at most NWP (Numerical Weather Prediction) centers. In this study, we use the Lanczos method in the NCEP (the National Centers for Environmental Prediction) Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI) DA system to look into other important aspects and properties of this method that were not exploited before. We apply this method to estimate the observation impact signals (OIS), which are directly related to the analysis error variances. It is found that the smallest eigenvalue of the transformed Hessian matrix converges to one as the number of minimization iterations increases. When more observations are assimilated, the convergence becomes slower and more eigenvectors are needed to retrieve the observation impacts. It is also found that the OIS over data-rich regions can be represented by the eigenvectors with dominant eigenvalues. Since only a limited number of eigenvectors can be computed due to computational expense, the OIS is severely underestimated, and the analysis error variance is consequently overestimated. It is found that the mean OIS values for temperature and wind components at typical model levels are increased by about 1.5 times when the number of eigenvectors is doubled. We have proposed four different calibration schemes to compensate for the missing trailing eigenvectors. Results show that the method with calibration for a small number of eigenvectors cannot pick up the observation impacts over the regions with fewer observations as well as a benchmark with a large number of eigenvectors, but proper calibrations do enhance and improve the impact signals over regions with more data. When compared with the observation locations, the method generally captures the OIS over regions with more observation data, including satellite data over the southern oceans. Over the tropics, some observation impacts may be missed due to the smaller background errors specified in the GSI, which is not related to the method. It is found that a large number of eigenvectors are needed to retrieve impact signals that resemble the banded structures from satellite observations, particularly over the tropics. Another benefit from the Lanczos method is that the dominant eigenvectors can be used in preconditioning the conjugate gradient algorithm in the GSI to speed up the convergence. C1 [Wei, M.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [De Pondeca, M. S. F. V.; Parrish, D.] NOAA NWS NCEP EMC, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA. [Toth, Z.] NOAA OAR ESRL GSD, Forecast Applicat Branch, Boulder, CO USA. RP Wei, M (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM mozheng.wei@nrlssc.navy.mil RI Toth, Zoltan/I-6624-2015 OI Toth, Zoltan/0000-0002-9635-9194 FU SEMESTER 6.2 project at NRL; Office of Naval Research [0602435N] FX We thank John Derber and Jim Purser for their careful reviews of the manuscript with many helpful suggestions and comments which have improved the presentation. We are grateful to many colleagues at NCEP/EMC for their help during this work, particularly, Wan-Shu Wu, Russ Treadon, Xiujuan Su and Daryl Kleist for helpful discussions about GSI system. We thank Steve Lord for his constant support and encouragement during this work, Mary Hart for improving the presentation, and Carolyn Reynolds and Craig Bishop at NRL for helpful discussion and sharing the FNMOC analysis error estimates with us. M. Wei was funded through SEMESTER 6.2 project at NRL and supported by the Office of Naval Research (Program Element 0602435N). NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1023-5809 J9 NONLINEAR PROC GEOPH JI Nonlinear Process Geophys. PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 BP 541 EP 557 DI 10.5194/npg-19-541-2012 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 029FG UT WOS:000310479600006 ER PT J AU Martin, J Wilcox, LC Burstedde, C Ghattas, O AF Martin, James Wilcox, Lucas C. Burstedde, Carsten Ghattas, Omar TI A STOCHASTIC NEWTON MCMC METHOD FOR LARGE-SCALE STATISTICAL INVERSE PROBLEMS WITH APPLICATION TO SEISMIC INVERSION SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE MCMC; Stochastic Newton; inverse problems; uncertainty quantification; Langevin dynamics; low-rank Hessian ID PDE-CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION; MONTE-CARLO METHODS; MODEL-REDUCTION; UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION; COLLOCATION APPROACH; ALGORITHMS; POSTERIOR; APPROXIMATION; DISTRIBUTIONS; SIMULATIONS AB We address the solution of large-scale statistical inverse problems in the framework of Bayesian inference. The Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method is the most popular approach for sampling the posterior probability distribution that describes the solution of the statistical inverse problem. MCMC methods face two central difficulties when applied to large-scale inverse problems: first, the forward models (typically in the form of partial differential equations) that map uncertain parameters to observable quantities make the evaluation of the probability density at any point in parameter space very expensive; and second, the high-dimensional parameter spaces that arise upon discretization of infinite-dimensional parameter fields make the exploration of the probability density function prohibitive. The challenge for MCMC methods is to construct proposal functions that simultaneously provide a good approximation of the target density while being inexpensive to manipulate. Here we present a so-called Stochastic Newton method in which MCMC is accelerated by constructing and sampling from a proposal density that builds a local Gaussian approximation based on local gradient and Hessian (of the log posterior) information. Thus, the method exploits tools (adjoint-based gradients and Hessians) that have been instrumental for fast (often mesh-independent) solution of deterministic inverse problems. Hessian manipulations (inverse, square root) are made tractable by a low-rank approximation that exploits the compact nature of the data misfit operator. This is analogous to a reduced model of the parameter-to-observable map. The method is applied to the Bayesian solution of an inverse medium problem governed by 1D seismic wave propagation. We compare the Stochastic Newton method with a reference black box MCMC method as well as a gradient-based Langevin MCMC method, and observe at least two orders of magnitude improvement in convergence for problems with up to 65 parameters. Numerical evidence suggests that a 1025 parameter problem converges at the same rate as the 65 parameter problem. C1 [Martin, James] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Computat Engn & Sci, Computat Sci Engn & Math Grad Program, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Wilcox, Lucas C.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Ghattas, Omar] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Computat Engn & Sci, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ghattas, Omar] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Martin, J (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Inst Computat Engn & Sci, Computat Sci Engn & Math Grad Program, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM jmartin@ices.utexas.edu; me@lucaswilcox.com; carsten@ices.utexas.edu; omar@ices.utexas.edu FU AFOSR [FA9550-09-1-0608]; NSF [DMS-0724746, ARC-0941678, CMMI-1028889, TG-MCA04N026]; DOE [DE-FG02-08ER25860, DE-SC0002710, DE-FC52-08NA28615]; DOE CSGF [DE-FG02-97ER25308] FX This research was supported by AFOSR grant FA9550-09-1-0608, NSF grants DMS-0724746, ARC-0941678, and CMMI-1028889, DOE grants DE-FG02-08ER25860, DE-SC0002710, and DE-FC52-08NA28615, and NSF TeraGrid award TG-MCA04N026.; This author's research was supported by the DOE CSGF under grant DE-FG02-97ER25308. NR 47 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 4 U2 25 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 EI 1095-7197 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PY 2012 VL 34 IS 3 BP A1460 EP A1487 DI 10.1137/110845598 PG 28 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 029DG UT WOS:000310474400010 ER PT J AU Kang, W Xu, L AF Kang, Wei Xu, Liang TI Optimal placement of mobile sensors for data assimilations SO TELLUS SERIES A-DYNAMIC METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE sensor placement; observability; optimisation; data assimilation; 4D-Var ID VARIATIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; OBSERVATION IMPACT; ADJOINT SENSITIVITY; SYSTEM; MODEL; FORECAST; 4D-VAR AB We explore the theoretical framework as well as the associated algorithms for the problem of optimally placing mobile observation platforms to maximise the improvement of estimation accuracy. The approach in this study is based on the concept of observability, which is a quantitative measure of the information provided by sensor data and user-knowledge. To find the optimal sensor locations, the observability is maximised using a gradient projection method. The Burgers equation is used to verify this approach. To prove the optimality of the sensor locations, Monte Carlo experimentations are carried out using standard 4D-Var algorithms based on two sets of data, one from equally spaced sensors and the other from the optimal sensor locations. The results show that, relative to equally spaced sensors, the 4D-Var data assimilation achieves significantly improved estimation accuracy if the sensors are placed at the optimal locations. A robustness study is also carried out in which the error covariance matrix is varied by 50% and the sensor noise covariance is varied by 100%. In addition, both Gaussian and uniform probability distributions are used for the sensor noise and initial estimation errors. In all cases, the optimal sensor locations result in significantly improved estimation accuracy. C1 [Xu, Liang] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Kang, Wei] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Xu, L (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. EM liang.xu@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory; Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX Supporting sponsors, Naval Research Laboratory and Air Force Office of Scientific Research, are gratefully acknowledged. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU CO-ACTION PUBLISHING PI JARFALLA PA RIPVAGEN 7, JARFALLA, SE-175 64, SWEDEN SN 0280-6495 J9 TELLUS A JI Tellus Ser. A-Dyn. Meteorol. Oceanol. PY 2012 VL 64 AR 17133 DI 10.3402/tellusa.v64i0.17133 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA 027KH UT WOS:000310350600001 ER EF