FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT S AU Singh, G Young, CPJ Rowe, NC Anderson, TS AF Singh, Gurminder Young, Capt. Peter J. Rowe, Neil C. Anderson, Thomas S. BE Dianat, SA Zoltowski, MD TI Inexpensive Seismic Sensors for Early Warning of Military Sentries SO WIRELESS SENSING, LOCALIZATION, AND PROCESSING V SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Wireless Sensing, Localization, and Processing V CY APR 08-09, 2010 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE sensor; smartphone; seismic; surveillance; footstep; detection; sentry; warning AB Small military units operate under stressful conditions with limited resources. A lightweight mobile surveillance system could reduce the effort to conduct sentry duties, and could help prevent ambushes or other types of attacks. We explore the use of built-in sensors and networking abilities of modern "smartphones" to fill this gap. Current smartphones use accelerometers to sense changes in orientation of the phone. This same capability can be used to detect vibrations in the ground produced by approaching footsteps or vehicles. We discuss the sensitivity of the phone, the filtering techniques, and the footstep signatures registered by the phone. We then discuss the possible deployment configurations of single and multiple sensors to create a sensor grid that can be networked together. Key concerns are ground noise, sensitivity of the phone, and distance between networked phones. C1 [Singh, Gurminder; Young, Capt. Peter J.; Rowe, Neil C.; Anderson, Thomas S.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Singh, G (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-8170-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2010 VL 7706 AR 77060J DI 10.1117/12.850347 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BSS87 UT WOS:000285718100015 ER PT S AU Harris, DE Massaro, F Cheung, CC AF Harris, D. E. Massaro, F. Cheung, C. C. BE Comastri, A Cappi, M Angelini, L TI The Classification of Extragalactic X-ray Jets SO X-RAY ASTRONOMY-2009: PRESENT STATUS, MULTI-WAVELENGTH APPROACH AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES, PROCEEDINGS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on X-Ray Astronomy-2009: Present Status, Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future Perspectives CY SEP 07-11, 2009 CL Bologna, ITALY SP NASA, European Space Agcy, Italian Natl Inst Astrophys, Univ Bologna, Astron Dept DE relativistic jets ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI AB The overall classification of X-ray jets has clung to that prevalent in the radio: FRI vs. FRII (including quasars). Indeed, the common perception is that X-ray emission from FRI's is synchrotron emission whereas that from FRII's may be IC/CMB and/or synchrotron. Now that we have a sizable collection of sources with detected X-ray emission from jets and hotspots, it seems that a more unbiased study of these objects could yield additional insights on jets and their X-ray emission. The current contribution is a first step in the process of analyzing all of the relevant parameters for each detected component for the sources collected in the XJET website. This initial effort involves measuring the ratio of X-ray to radio fluxes and evaluating correlations with other jet parameters. For single zone synchrotron X-ray emission, we anticipate that larger values of fx/fr should correlate inversely with the average magnetic field strength (if the acceleration process is limited by loss time equals acceleration time). Beamed IC/CMB X-rays should produce larger values of fx/fr for smaller values of the angle between the jet direction and the line of sight but will also be affected by the low frequency radio spectral index. C1 [Harris, D. E.; Massaro, F.] SAO, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Cheung, C. C.] Naval Res Lab, NRC, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Harris, DE (reprint author), SAO, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Massaro, Francesco/L-9102-2016 OI Massaro, Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850 FU NASA [AR6-7013X]; BLANCEFLOR Boncompagni-Ludovisi, n'ee Bildt FX We are indebted to a number of colleagues who have generously donated radio maps for our use, and for public access via the XJET webpage. Other radio maps were downloaded from the NRAO VLA Archive Survey. The work at SAO was partially supported by NASA grant AR6-7013X. FM acknowledges the Foundation BLANCEFLOR Boncompagni-Ludovisi, n'ee Bildt for the grant awarded him in 2009. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0795-4 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2010 VL 1248 BP 355 EP + DI 10.1063/1.3475257 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BSA02 UT WOS:000284017700113 ER PT J AU Kaplan, DM Halle, C Paduan, J Largier, JL AF Kaplan, David M. Halle, Chris Paduan, Jeff Largier, John L. TI Surface currents during anomalous upwelling seasons off central California SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID OCEAN DYNAMICS EXPERIMENT; COASTAL TRANSITION ZONE; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; MONTEREY BAY; SEA-LEVEL; BOUNDARY-LAYER; WEST-COAST; HF RADAR; TRANSPORT AB An extensive spatiotemporal surface currents data set from central California is used to examine in detail 2 extreme years in the California Current. The year 2006 is characterized by an extended period of calm winds during the critical early months of the upwelling season (April and May). This leads to little or no upwelling over this period, essentially delaying the onset of the upwelling season. The year 2007 is characterized by extremely strong alongshore wind stress during the first quarter of the year and during the early part of the upwelling season. This produced monthly mean alongshore current velocities over the midshelf for April 2007 in excess of 0.7 m s(-1), which has not been previously observed in this region for periods of more than a few days since the installation of the HF radar instruments in 2001. Both of these extremes appear to have had important consequences for the coastal ecosystem that have been documented elsewhere, including the collapse of parts of the trophic web (2006) and the presence of large quantities of water of deep origin over the continental shelf (2007). Understanding and describing circulation and transport patterns during these extremes is important in light of predictions from global climate change, which may cause these extreme conditions to occur more frequently. C1 [Kaplan, David M.] Inst Rech Dev, Ctr Rech Halieut Mediterraneen & Trop, UMR EME 212, F-34203 Sete, France. [Halle, Chris; Largier, John L.] Univ Calif Davis, Bodega Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA. [Paduan, Jeff] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kaplan, DM (reprint author), Inst Rech Dev, Ctr Rech Halieut Mediterraneen & Trop, UMR EME 212, Av Jean Monnet,BP 171, F-34203 Sete, France. EM david.kaplan@ird.fr RI Kaplan, David M./G-5230-2010 OI Kaplan, David M./0000-0001-6087-359X FU California State Coastal Conservancy FX We thank Dan Atwater, Julio Figueroa, Mike Cook, Regan Long, Deedee Shideler, and Marcel Losekoot for assistance with obtaining data. D. M. K. would like to thank Sylvain Bonhommeau for help with statistical analyses. Two anonymous reviewers provided numerous helpful comments on the first draft of this manuscript. This work was supported by the Coastal Ocean Currents Monitoring Program (COCMP) funded by the California State Coastal Conservancy. At present, funding has been discontinued, and the fate of the COCMP program is unclear. Unless the difficult financial situation of the state of California can be resolved or other sources of financing can be found, we may lose this valuable network. This study provides a testament to the potential of this ocean-observing network for playing a key role in understanding and predicting the functioning of the California Current large marine ecosystem. NR 43 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD DEC 30 PY 2009 VL 114 AR C12026 DI 10.1029/2009JC005382 PG 17 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 539MA UT WOS:000273257500002 ER PT J AU Mikulski, PT Knippenberg, MT Harrison, JA AF Mikulski, Paul T. Knippenberg, M. Todd Harrison, Judith A. TI Merging bond-order potentials with charge equilibration SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE bonds (chemical); charge exchange ID ELECTRONEGATIVITY EQUALIZATION METHOD; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; CONTINUUM-DIELECTRIC SOLVENT; REACTIVE FORCE-FIELD; ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIALS; DIPOLE-MOMENT; HYDROCARBONS; VACUUM; REAXFF; ENERGY AB A method is presented for extending any bond-order potential (BOP) to include charge transfer between atoms through a modification of the split-charge equilibration (SQE) formalism. Variable limits on the maximum allowed charge transfer between atomic pairs are defined by mapping bond order to an amount of shared charge in each bond. Charge transfer is interpreted as an asymmetry in how the shared charge is distributed between the atoms of the bond. Charge equilibration (QE) assesses the asymmetry of the shared charge, while the BOP converts this asymmetry to the actual amount of charge transferred. When applied to large molecules, this BOP/SQE method does not exhibit the unrealistic growth of charges that is often associated with QE models. C1 [Mikulski, Paul T.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Knippenberg, M. Todd; Harrison, Judith A.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Mikulski, PT (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM jah@usna.edu FU ONR [N00014-09-WR20155]; AFOSR [F1ATA09086G002, F1ATA09086G003] FX T. K., P. T. M., and J. A. H. acknowledge support from the ONR under Contract No. N00014-09-WR20155. M. T. K. and J. A. H. also acknowledge support from the AFOSR under Contract Nos. F1ATA09086G002 and F1ATA09086G003. NR 31 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD DEC 28 PY 2009 VL 131 IS 24 AR 241105 DI 10.1063/1.3271798 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 538XG UT WOS:000273217000005 PM 20059047 ER PT J AU Lu, ML Sorooshian, A Jonsson, HH Feingold, G Flagan, RC Seinfeld, JH AF Lu, Miao-Ling Sorooshian, Armin Jonsson, Haflidi H. Feingold, Graham Flagan, Richard C. Seinfeld, John H. TI Marine stratocumulus aerosol-cloud relationships in the MASE-II experiment: Precipitation susceptibility in eastern Pacific marine stratocumulus SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID BOUNDARY-LAYER CLOUDS; DROPLET CONCENTRATION; STRATIFORM CLOUDS; WARM RAIN; DRIZZLE; MODEL; MICROPHYSICS; MACROPHYSICS; RESOLUTION; SYSTEM AB Observational data on aerosol-cloud-drizzle relationships in marine stratocumulus are presented from the second Marine Stratus/Stratocumulus Experiment (MASE-II) carried out in July 2007 over the eastern Pacific near Monterey, California. Observations, carried out in regions of essentially uniform meteorology with localized aerosol enhancements due to ship exhaust ("ship tracks''), demonstrate, in accord with those from numerous other field campaigns, that increased cloud drop number concentration N-c and decreased cloud top effective radius r(e) are associated with increased subcloud aerosol concentration. Modulation of drizzle by variations in aerosol levels is clearly evident. Variations of cloud base drizzle rate R-cb are found to be consistent with the proportionality, R-cb proportional to H-3/N-c, where H is cloud depth. Simultaneous aircraft and A-Train satellite observations are used to quantify the precipitation susceptibility of clouds to aerosol perturbations in the eastern Pacific region. C1 [Lu, Miao-Ling; Flagan, Richard C.; Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Sorooshian, Armin; Feingold, Graham] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, RE CSD2, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Sorooshian, Armin] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Jonsson, Haflidi H.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93933 USA. [Flagan, Richard C.; Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Dept Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Lu, ML (reprint author), CALTECH, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, 1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM seinfeld@caltech.edu RI Feingold, Graham/B-6152-2009; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; OI Sorooshian, Armin/0000-0002-2243-2264 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-04-1-0018]; Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere Postdoctoral Research Program FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research grant N00014-04-1-0018. A. S. acknowledges support from the Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere Postdoctoral Research Program. G. F. acknowledges NOAA's Climate Goal. The authors acknowledge Robert Wood for helpful comments. NR 33 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD DEC 22 PY 2009 VL 114 AR D24203 DI 10.1029/2009JD012774 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 536LL UT WOS:000273045800005 ER PT J AU Fischer, R Ting, A DiComo, G Prosser, J Penano, J Hafizi, B Sprangle, P AF Fischer, Richard Ting, Antonio DiComo, Gregory Prosser, John Penano, Joseph Hafizi, Bahman Sprangle, Phillip TI Absorption and scattering of 1.06 mu m laser radiation from oceanic aerosols SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-CONSTANTS; SEA-WATER; PROPAGATION; REGION; LIGHT AB The absorption and scattering of oceanic aerosols are characterized using low- and high-power lasers in the near IR (1.064 mu m). The imaginary part of the refractive index of sea salt inferred from low- power absorption measurements is 200 x less than the commonly accepted value from the literature. The measured absorption coefficients of natural and artificial saltwater are within 5% of the absorption of pure water (0.14 cm(-1)). High-power aerosol experiments are consistent with low- power liquid absorption measurements, which yield comparable absorption coefficients for pure water and saltwater. High-power illumination of test aerosols (CuSO4 center dot 5H(2)O) with an absorption coefficient alpha >= 0.19 cm(-1) and a dwell time of 100 ms results in a consistent reduction in scattering from the aerosol column. The high-powemr laser scattering measurements are in good agreement with the theory, which accounts for the absorption, heating, and vaporization of the water-based aerosols. The measured absorption of oceanic aerosols in the laboratory is much less than the literature values at 1.064 mu m and should result in reduced heating and thermal blooming in open ocean atmospheres. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Fischer, Richard; Ting, Antonio; Penano, Joseph; Sprangle, Phillip] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [DiComo, Gregory] Res Support Instruments, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Hafizi, Bahman] Icarus Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20824 USA. RP Fischer, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Rich.Fischer@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) and Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA). The authors would like to thank Eldridge Briscoe, Dr. Amy Bauer, Herrick Chang, Dr. Ray Burris, and Hannah Blankenship for technical contributions to this work. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD DEC 20 PY 2009 VL 48 IS 36 BP 6990 EP 6999 DI 10.1364/AO.48.006990 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 538QJ UT WOS:000273198700018 PM 20029602 ER PT J AU Landi, E Young, PR AF Landi, E. Young, P. R. TI NEW Fe IX LINE IDENTIFICATIONS USING SOLAR AND HELIOSPHERIC OBSERVATORY/SOLAR ULTRAVIOLET MEASUREMENT OF EMITTED RADIATION AND HINODE/EIS JOINT OBSERVATIONS OF THE QUIET SUN SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic data; instrumentation: spectrographs; line: identification; Sun: corona; Sun: UV radiation; techniques: spectroscopic ID ELECTRON-IMPACT EXCITATION; ATOMIC DATA; EMISSION-LINES; IMAGING SPECTROMETER; IRON PROJECT; SUMER; SPECTRUM; DATABASE; CHIANTI; WAVELENGTHS AB In this work, we study joint observations of Hinode/EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) and Solar and Heliospheric Observatory/Solar Ultraviolet Measurement of Emitted Radiation of Fe IX lines emitted by the same level of the high energy configuration 3s(2)3p(5)4p. The intensity ratios of these lines are dependent on atomic physics parameters only and not on the physical parameters of the emitting plasma, so that they are excellent tools to verify the relative intensity calibration of high-resolution spectrometers that work in the 170-200 angstrom and 700-850 angstrom wavelength ranges. We carry out extensive atomic physics calculations to improve the accuracy of the predicted intensity ratio, and compare the results with simultaneous EIS-SUMER observations of an off-disk quiet Sun region. We were able to identify two ultraviolet lines in the SUMER spectrum that are emitted by the same level that emits one bright line in the EIS wavelength range. Comparison between predicted and measured intensity ratios, wavelengths and energy separation of Fe IX levels confirms the identifications we make. Blending and calibration uncertainties are discussed. The results of this work are important for cross-calibrating EIS and SUMER, as well as future instrumentation. C1 [Landi, E.; Young, P. R.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Young, P. R.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Landi, E (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Landi, Enrico/H-4493-2011 FU Enrico Landi [NNH06CD24C, NNG04ED07P, NNH09AL49I]; NASA FX The work of Enrico Landi is supported by the NNH06CD24C, NNG04ED07P, NNH09AL49I, and other NASA grants. We would like to warmly thank Dr. Werner Curdt for his assistance in the determination of the SUMER pointing and intensity calibration. NR 32 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2009 VL 707 IS 2 BP 1191 EP 1200 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/1191 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 528RW UT WOS:000272465400031 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Baring, MG Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Celik, O Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Conrad, J Cutini, S de Angelis, A de Palma, F di Bernardo, G Silva, EDE Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Dubois, R Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Finke, J Focke, WB Fortin, P Foschini, L Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giavitto, G Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giommi, P Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Hayashida, M Hays, E Horan, D Hughes, RE Jackson, MS Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kocian, ML Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Makeev, A Mazziotta, MN McConville, W McEnery, JE Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Reyes, LC Ritz, S Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Roth, M Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Schalk, TL Sellerholm, A Sgro, C Shaw, MS Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Tanaka, Y Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. di Bernardo, G. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Finke, J. Focke, W. B. Fortin, P. Foschini, L. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giavitto, G. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giommi, P. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Horan, D. Hughes, R. E. Jackson, M. S. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocian, M. L. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. N. McConville, W. McEnery, J. E. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Reyes, L. C. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Schalk, T. L. Sellerholm, A. Sgro, C. Shaw, M. S. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Tanaka, Y. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI FERMI OBSERVATIONS OF TeV-SELECTED ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: observations ID GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; SIMULTANEOUS MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT; RADIO GALAXY M87; BLAZAR 3C 66A; PKS 2155-304; LAC OBJECTS; CHERENKOV TELESCOPES; VERITAS OBSERVATIONS AB We report on observations of TeV-selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs) made during the first 5.5 months of observations with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on-board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi). In total, 96 AGNs were selected for study, each being either (1) a source detected at TeV energies (28 sources) or (2) an object that has been studied with TeV instruments and for which an upper limit has been reported (68 objects). The Fermi observations show clear detections of 38 of these TeV-selected objects, of which 21 are joint GeV-TeV sources, and 29 were not in the third EGRET catalog. For each of the 38 Fermi-detected sources, spectra and light curves are presented. Most can be described with a power law of spectral index harder than 2.0, with a spectral break generally required to accommodate the TeV measurements. Based on an extrapolation of the Fermi spectrum, we identify sources, not previously detected at TeV energies, which are promising targets for TeV instruments. Evidence for systematic evolution of the gamma-ray spectrum with redshift is presented and discussed in the context of interaction with the extragalactic background light. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.; Finke, J.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Shaw, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Shaw, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Sellerholm, A.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmo Particle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; di Bernardo, G.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CEA IRFU CNRS, Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Giavitto, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.; Giebels, B.; Horan, D.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.; Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Giommi, P.] Sci Data Ctr, ASI, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [Celik, Oe.; Moiseev, A. A.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, CNRS, IN2P3, Montpellier, France. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Conrad, J.; Jackson, M. S.; Meurer, C.; Sellerholm, A.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Foschini, L.] Osserv Astron Brera, INAF, I-23807 Merate, Italy. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; McConville, W.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hughes, R. E.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kataoka, J.; Kawai, N.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Cosm Radiat Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] CNRS UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ozaki, M.; Takahashi, T.; Tanaka, Y.; Uchiyama, Y.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reyes, L. C.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] IEEC CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM sfegan@llr.in2p3.fr; dsanchez@llr.in2p3.fr RI Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Foschini, Luigi/H-3833-2012; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; OI Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Foschini, Luigi/0000-0001-8678-0324; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924 FU Fermi-LAT Collaboration; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariata l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique / Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K.A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database; JPL; Caltech; SIMBAD; CDS, Strasbourg, France FX The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges the generous support of a number of agencies and institutes that have supported the Fermi-LAT Collaboration. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariata l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique / Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K.A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services, the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database, operated by JPL, Caltech, under contract from NASA, and the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. NR 93 TC 90 Z9 90 U1 4 U2 15 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2009 VL 707 IS 2 BP 1310 EP 1333 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/1310 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 528RW UT WOS:000272465400039 ER PT J AU Wang, YM Robbrecht, E Sheeley, NR AF Wang, Y. -M. Robbrecht, E. Sheeley, N. R., Jr. TI ON THE WEAKENING OF THE POLAR MAGNETIC FIELDS DURING SOLAR CYCLE 23 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE interplanetary medium; Sun: activity; Sun: corona; Sun: magnetic fields; Sun: photosphere; sunspots ID FLUX-TRANSPORT DYNAMO; RING-DIAGRAM ANALYSIS; UPPER CONVECTION ZONE; HIGH-SPEED STREAMS; MERIDIONAL FLOW; LARGE-SCALE; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; SUNSPOT CYCLE-21; CORONAL HOLES; WIND AB The Sun's polar fields are currently similar to 40% weaker than they were during the previous three sunspot minima. This weakening has been accompanied by a corresponding decrease in the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) strength, by a similar to 20% shrinkage in the polar coronal-hole areas, and by a reduction in the solar-wind mass flux over the poles. It has also been reflected in coronal streamer structure and the heliospheric current sheet, which only showed the expected flattening into the equatorial plane after sunspot numbers fell to unusually low values in mid-2008. From latitude-time plots of the photospheric field, it has long been apparent that the polar fields are formed through the transport of trailing-polarity flux from the sunspot latitudes to the poles. To address the question of why the polar fields are now so weak, we simulate the evolution of the photospheric field and radial IMF strength from 1965 to the present, employing a surface transport model that includes the effects of active region emergence, differential rotation, supergranular convection, and a poleward bulk flow. We find that the observed evolution can be reproduced if the amplitude of the surface meridional flow is varied by as little as 15% (between 14.5 and 17 m s(-1)), with the higher average speeds being required during the long cycles 20 and 23. C1 [Wang, Y. -M.; Robbrecht, E.; Sheeley, N. R., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Robbrecht, E.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Wang, YM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM yi.wang@nrl.navy.mil; eva.robbrecht@oma.be; neil.sheeley@nrl.navy.mil FU NASA; Office of Naval Research FX We are indebted to R. K. Ulrich (MWO) and J.T. Hoeksema (WSO) for making available the photospheric field data used in this paper; we also thank the referee for helpful comments. This work was supported by NASA and the Office of Naval Research. NR 74 TC 112 Z9 112 U1 3 U2 16 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2009 VL 707 IS 2 BP 1372 EP 1386 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/1372 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 528RW UT WOS:000272465400042 ER PT J AU Edmondson, JK Lynch, BJ Antiochos, SK DeVore, CR Zurbuchen, TH AF Edmondson, J. K. Lynch, B. J. Antiochos, S. K. DeVore, C. R. Zurbuchen, T. H. TI RECONNECTION-DRIVEN DYNAMICS OF CORONAL-HOLE BOUNDARIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE MHD; solar wind; Sun: corona; Sun: magnetic fields ID OPEN MAGNETIC-FIELD; SOLAR-WIND; SUN; BREAKOUT; MODELS; NULLS; FLUX AB We investigate the effect of magnetic reconnection on the boundary between open and closed magnetic field in the solar corona. The magnetic topology for our numerical study consists of a global dipole that gives rise to polar coronal holes and an equatorial streamer belt, and a smaller active-region bipole embedded inside the closed-field streamer belt. The initially potential magnetic field is energized by a rotational motion at the photosphere that slowly twists the embedded-bipole flux. Due to the applied stress, the bipole field expands outward and reconnects with the surrounding closed flux, eventually tunneling through the streamer boundary and encountering the open flux of the coronal hole. The resulting interchange reconnection between closed and open field releases the magnetic twist and free energy trapped inside the bipole onto open field lines, where they freely escape into the heliosphere along with the entrained closed-field plasma. Thereafter, the bipole field relaxes and reconnects back down into the interior of the streamer belt. Our simulation shows that the detailed properties of magnetic reconnection can be crucial to the coronal magnetic topology, which implies that both potential-field source-surface and quasi-steady magnetohydrodynamic models may often be an inadequate description of the corona and solar wind. We discuss the implications of our results for understanding the dynamics of the boundary between open and closed field on the Sun and the origins of the slow wind. C1 [Edmondson, J. K.; Antiochos, S. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Edmondson, J. K.; Zurbuchen, T. H.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Lynch, B. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [DeVore, C. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Edmondson, JK (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM jkedmond@umich.edu RI Antiochos, Spiro/D-4668-2012; Lynch, Benjamin/B-1300-2013; DeVore, C/A-6067-2015; OI Antiochos, Spiro/0000-0003-0176-4312; DeVore, C/0000-0002-4668-591X; Lynch, Benjamin/0000-0001-6886-855X FU NASA HTP and SRT; NASA GSRP; NSF SHINE [ATM-0621725]; NASA HGI [NNX08AJ04G]; DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program FX This work was supported in part by the NASA HTP and SR&T programs. J.K.E. acknowledges support from the NASA GSRP Program. B.J.L. acknowledges support from the NSF SHINE ATM-0621725 and NASA HGI NNX08AJ04G. The numerical simulation was performed under a grant of time from the DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program. NR 35 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2009 VL 707 IS 2 BP 1427 EP 1437 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/1427 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 528RW UT WOS:000272465400046 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Celik, O Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Cutini, S Dermer, CD de Palma, F Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Focke, WB Foschini, L Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Fusco, P Gargano, F Gehrels, N Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hayashida, M Hays, E Horan, D Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, WN Kadler, M Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Makeev, A Mazziotta, MN McConville, W McEnery, JE Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Pelassa, V Pepe, M Persic, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sambruna, R Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Sgro, C Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tagliaferri, G Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tibolla, O Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M Ghisellini, G Maraschi, L Tavecchio, F AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Celik, O. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. D. de Palma, F. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Focke, W. B. Foschini, L. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Horan, D. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, W. N. Kadler, M. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. N. McConville, W. McEnery, J. E. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Persic, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sambruna, R. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Sgro, C. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tagliaferri, G. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, O. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. Ghisellini, G. Maraschi, L. Tavecchio, F. CA Fermi LAT Collaboration TI RADIO-LOUD NARROW-LINE SEYFERT 1 AS A NEW CLASS OF GAMMA-RAY ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: Seyfert; gamma rays: observations; quasars: general ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; ALL-SKY SURVEY; RELATIVISTIC JETS; PMN J0948+0022; GALAXIES; EMISSION; BLAZARS; QUASARS; RADIATION; SAMPLE AB We report the discovery with Fermi/LAT of gamma-ray emission from three radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies: PKS 1502+036 (z = 0.409), 1H 0323+342 (z = 0.061), and PKS 2004-447 (z = 0.24). In addition to PMN J0948+0022 (z = 0.585), the first source of this type to be detected in gamma rays, they may form an emerging new class of gamma-ray active galactic nuclei (AGNs). These findings can have strong implications on our knowledge about relativistic jets and the unified model of the AGN. C1 [Foschini, L.; Tagliaferri, G.; Ghisellini, G.; Maraschi, L.; Tavecchio, F.] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Brera, I-23807 Merate, Italy. [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Cheung, C. C.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.; Cheung, C. C.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Rochester, L. S.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Rochester, L. S.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, CEA IRFU, Lab AIM,Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.; Persic, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Giebels, B.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caliandro, G. A.; Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencias Espai, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Celik, O.; Gehrels, N.; Hays, E.; Kadler, M.; McConville, W.; McEnery, J. E.; Sambruna, R.; Thompson, D. J.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, O.; Kadler, M.; Vasileiou, V.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, O.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Celik, O.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Cutini, S.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Lott, B.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Lott, B.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Fukazawa, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Gehrels, N.; McConville, W.; McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gehrels, N.; McConville, W.; McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Giroletti, M.] Ist Radioastron, INAF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Guillemot, L.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hughes, R. E.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kadler, M.] Dr Remeis Sternwarte Bamberg, D-96049 Bemberg, Germany. [Kadler, M.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Kadler, M.] USRA, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Persic, M.] Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astron Trieste, I-34143 Trieste, Italy. [Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Takahashi, T.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Tibolla, O.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Foschini, L (reprint author), INAF, Osservatorio Astron Brera, I-23807 Merate, Italy. EM luigi.foschini@brera.inaf.it RI Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Foschini, Luigi/H-3833-2012; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; OI Tagliaferri, Gianpiero/0000-0003-0121-0723; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Kadler, Matthias/0000-0001-5606-6154; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Foschini, Luigi/0000-0001-8678-0324; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Ghisellini, Gabriele/0000-0002-0037-1974; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and of data obtained from the High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC), provided by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. NR 42 TC 114 Z9 115 U1 7 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 20 PY 2009 VL 707 IS 2 BP L142 EP L147 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/L142 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 528RZ UT WOS:000272465800008 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Anderson, B Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Dereli, H Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Di Bernardo, G Dormody, M Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Edmonds, Y Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Focke, WB Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gaggero, D Gargano, F Gehrels, N Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kocian, ML Kuehn, F Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Makeev, A Mazziotta, MN McConville, W McEnery, JE Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Rodriguez, AY Roth, M Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Sellerholm, A Sgro, C Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Starck, JL Stecker, FW Striani, E Strickman, MS Strong, AW Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Anderson, B. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Dereli, H. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. Di Bernardo, G. Dormody, M. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Edmonds, Y. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Focke, W. B. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gaggero, D. Gargano, F. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocian, M. L. Kuehn, F. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. N. McConville, W. McEnery, J. E. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Sellerholm, A. Sgro, C. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Starck, J. -L. Stecker, F. W. Striani, E. Strickman, M. S. Strong, A. W. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. CA Fermi LAT Collaboration TI Fermi Large Area Telescope Measurements of the Diffuse Gamma-Ray Emission at Intermediate Galactic Latitudes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EGRET OBSERVATIONS; SPECTRA; GALAXY AB The diffuse galactic gamma-ray emission is produced by cosmic rays (CRs) interacting with the interstellar gas and radiation field. Measurements by the Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) instrument on the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory indicated excess gamma-ray emission greater than or similar to 1 GeV relative to diffuse galactic gamma-ray emission models consistent with directly measured CR spectra (the so-called "EGRET GeV excess"). The Large Area Telescope (LAT) instrument on the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope has measured the diffuse gamma-ray emission with improved sensitivity and resolution compared to EGRET. We report on LAT measurements for energies 100 MeV to 10 GeV and galactic latitudes 10 degrees <|b|< 20 degrees. The LAT spectrum for this region of the sky is well reproduced by a diffuse galactic gamma-ray emission model that is consistent with local CR spectra and inconsistent with the EGRET GeV excess. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Edmonds, Y.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Edmonds, Y.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Anderson, B.; Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Anderson, B.; Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Sellerholm, A.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmo Particle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Di Bernardo, G.; Gaggero, D.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Starck, J. -L.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CEA, IRFU,CNRS,Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Dereli, H.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Baughman, B. M.; Chekhtman, A.; Hughes, R. E.; Kuehn, F.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Giebels, B.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.; Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Moiseev, A. A.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, CNRS, IN2P3, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.; Sellerholm, A.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Johnson, T. J.; McConville, W.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Kataoka, J.; Kawai, N.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Cosm Radiat Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Morselli, A.; Striani, E.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Okumura, A.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Orlando, E.; Strong, A. W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Striani, E.; Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Uchiyama, Y.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Starck, Jean-Luc/D-9467-2011; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Stecker, Floyd/D-3169-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; OI Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Starck, Jean-Luc/0000-0003-2177-7794; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018 FU NASA [NNX09AC15G]; DOE in the United States; CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS in France; ASI and INFN in Italy; MEXT; KEK; JAXA in Japan; K.A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; National Space Board in Sweden; INAF in Italy FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges support from a number of agencies and institutes for both development and the operation of the LATas well as scientific data analysis. These include NASA and DOE in the United States, CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS in France, ASI and INFN in Italy, MEXT, KEK, and JAXA in Japan, and the K.A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support from INAF in Italy for science analysis during the operations phase is also gratefully acknowledged. GALPROP development is partially funded via NASA Grant No. NNX09AC15G. Some of the results in this Letter have been derived using the HEALPix[17] package. NR 26 TC 111 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD DEC 18 PY 2009 VL 103 IS 25 AR 251101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.251101 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 535HP UT WOS:000272958300005 PM 20366246 ER PT J AU Abelev, BI Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baumgart, S Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Benedosso, F Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Biritz, B Bland, LC Bnzarov, I Bonner, BE Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Bridgeman, A Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Burton, TP Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Catu, O Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, KE Christie, W Chung, P Clarke, RF Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cormier, TM Cosentino, MR Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Dash, S Daugherity, M De Silva, LC Dedovich, TG DePhillips, M Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Didenko, L Djawotho, P Dzhordzhadze, V Dogra, SM Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Efimov, LG Elhalhuli, E Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Eun, L Fachini, P Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Feng, A Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Ganti, MS Garcia-Solis, EJ Geromitsos, A Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gorbunov, YN Gordon, A Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Grube, B Guertin, SM Guimaraes, KSFF Gupta, A Gupta, N Guryn, W Haag, B Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Harris, JW Heinz, M Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffman, AM Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Iordanova, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jakl, P Jena, C Jin, F Jones, CL Jones, PG Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kajimoto, K Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Khodyrev, VY Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klein, SR Knospe, AG Kocoloski, A Koetke, DD Konzer, J Kopytine, M Koralt, I Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kouchpil, V Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Krus, M Kumar, L Kurnadi, P Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, CH Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, N Li, Y Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, H Liu, J Liu, L Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McDonald, D McShane, TS Meschanin, A Milner, R Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mischke, A Mohanty, B Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nattrass, C Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Ng, MJ Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okada, H Okorokov, V Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Phatak, SC Pile, P Planinic, M Ploskon, MA Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Poskanzer, AM Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Russcher, MJ Sahoo, R Sakai, S Sakrejda, I Sakuma, T Salur, S Sandweiss, J Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Seele, J Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Semertzidis, Y Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shi, SS Shi, XH Sichtermann, EP Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Staszak, D Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Subba, NL Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, A Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Timoshenko, S Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Tram, VN Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Wada, M Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, X Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, Y Xie, W Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, Y Xu, Z Yang, Y Yepes, P Yip, K Yoo, IK Yue, Q Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, Y Zhong, C Zhou, J Zhu, X Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zuo, JX AF Abelev, B. I. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Anderson, B. D. Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Barannikova, O. Barnby, L. S. Baumgart, S. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Benedosso, F. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Biritz, B. Bland, L. C. Bnzarov, I. Bonner, B. E. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Bridgeman, A. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Burton, T. P. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Catu, O. Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chajecki, Z. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Choi, K. E. Christie, W. Chung, P. Clarke, R. F. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cormier, T. M. Cosentino, M. R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Das, D. Dash, S. Daugherity, M. De Silva, L. C. Dedovich, T. G. DePhillips, M. Derevschikov, A. A. de Souza, R. Derradi Didenko, L. Djawotho, P. Dzhordzhadze, V. Dogra, S. M. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. 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Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Timoshenko, S. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Tram, V. N. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tsai, O. D. Ulery, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbaek, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xie, W. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K. Yue, Q. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, Y. Zhong, C. Zhou, J. Zhu, X. Zoulkarneev, R. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zuo, J. X. CA STAR Collaboration TI Azimuthal Charged-Particle Correlations and Possible Local Strong Parity Violation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; HOT QCD AB Parity-odd domains, corresponding to nontrivial topological solutions of the QCD vacuum, might be created during relativistic heavy-ion collisions. These domains are predicted to lead to charge separation of quarks along the system's orbital momentum axis. We investigate a three-particle azimuthal correlator which is a P even observable, but directly sensitive to the charge separation effect. We report measurements of charged hadrons near center-of-mass rapidity with this observable in Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at s(NN)=200 GeV using the STAR detector. A signal consistent with several expectations from the theory is detected. We discuss possible contributions from other effects that are not related to parity violation. C1 [Abelev, B. I.; Arkhipkin, D.; Barannikova, O.; Beavis, D. R.; Betts, R. R.; Bland, L. C.; Cai, X. Z.; Choi, K. E.; Christie, W.; DePhillips, M.; Didenko, L.; Dzhordzhadze, V.; Dunlop, J. C.; Eun, L.; Fachini, P.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Garcia-Solis, E. J.; Gordon, A.; Grube, B.; Guryn, W.; Hallman, T. J.; Heppelmann, S.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Iordanova, A.; Jin, F.; Kauder, K.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, C-H.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Love, W. A.; Ludlam, T.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Ogawa, A.; Okada, H.; Perevoztchikov, V.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Semertzidis, Y.; Shi, X-H.; Sorensen, P.; Suarez, M. C.; Tang, A. H.; Tian, J.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Xu, Q. H.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.; Yoo, I-K.; Zhang, S.; Zhong, C.; Zuo, J. X.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Bridgeman, A.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Barnby, L. S.; Burton, T. P.; Elhalhuli, E.; Jones, P. G.; Nelson, J. M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Arkhipkin, D.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Christie, W.; DePhillips, M.; Didenko, L.; Dzhordzhadze, V.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fachini, P.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Guryn, W.; Hallman, T. J.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Love, W. A.; Ludlam, T.; Ogawa, A.; Okada, H.; Perevoztchikov, V.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Semertzidis, Y.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Ng, M. J.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Das, D.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Liu, H.; Mall, O. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Biritz, B.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Ghazikhanian, V.; Guertin, S. M.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Kurnadi, P.; Sakai, S.; Staszak, D.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Whitten, C., Jr.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [de Souza, R. Derradi; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Cherney, M.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; McShane, T. S.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Krus, M.; Pachr, M.] Czech Tech Univ, Fac Nucl Sci & Phys Engn, CR-11519 Prague, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Chung, P.; Jakl, P.; Kapitan, J.; Kouchpil, V.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Rez 25068, Czech Republic. [Dash, S.; Jena, C.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Phatak, S. C.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Pujahari, P. R.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Sowinski, J.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Bhasin, A.; Dogra, S. M.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, N.; Mangotra, L. K.; Potukuchi, B. V. K. S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Alakhverdyants, A. V.; Averichev, G. S.; Bnzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneev, R.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Anderson, B. D.; Bouchet, J.; Chen, J. H.; Joseph, J.; Keane, D.; Kopytine, M.; Margetis, S.; Pandit, Y.; Subba, N. L.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.; Zhang, W. M.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Fatemi, R.; Korsch, W.; Webb, G.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Yang, Y.; Zhan, W.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Dong, X.; Grebenyuk, O.; Jacobs, P.; Kikola, D. P.; Kiryluk, J.; Klein, S. R.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Odyniec, G.; Olson, D.; Ploskon, M. A.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Ritter, H. G.; Rose, A.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Tram, V. N.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, Y.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balewski, J.; Betancourt, M. J.; Corliss, R.; Hoffman, A. M.; Jones, C. L.; Kocoloski, A.; Leight, W.; Milner, R.; Redwine, R.; Sakuma, T.; Seele, J.; Surrow, B.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Walker, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.; Simon, F.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Tarnowsky, T.; Wang, H.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Okorokov, V.; Ridiger, A.; Strikhanov, M.; Timoshenko, S.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Lindenbaum, S. J.] CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Benedosso, F.; Braidot, E.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.] Univ Utrecht, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Benedosso, F.; Braidot, E.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.] NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Chajecki, Z.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bueltmann, S.; Koralt, I.; Plyku, D.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Eun, L.; Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Khodyrev, V. Yu.; Kravtsov, V. I.; Matulenko, Yu. A.; Meschanin, A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Hirsch, A.; Hjort, E.; Konzer, J.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Ulery, J.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Choi, K. E.; Grube, B.; Lee, C-H.; Yoo, I-K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Bonner, B. E.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Liu, J.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Yepes, P.; Zhou, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Cosentino, M. R.; Guimaraes, K. S. F. F.; Munhoz, M. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; de Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.; Zhao, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Xu, Q. H.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Jin, F.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shi, X-H.; Tian, J.; Zhang, S.; Zhong, C.; Zuo, J. X.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Erazmus, B.; Estienne, M.; Geromitsos, A.; Kabana, S.; Roy, C.; Sahoo, R.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Cervantes, M. C.; Clarke, R. F.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Djawotho, P.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Huo, L.; Mioduszewski, S.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Daugherity, M.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Kajimoto, K.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, X.; Wang, Y.; Yue, Q.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Webb, J. C.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta; Ganti, M. S.; Ghosh, P.; Mohanty, B.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Singaraju, R. N.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. [Kisiel, A.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bellwied, R.; Cormier, T. M.; De Silva, L. C.; Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Chen, J. Y.; Feng, A.; Li, N.; Liu, F.; Liu, L.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y.] CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Baumgart, S.; Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Catu, O.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Heinz, M.; Knospe, A. G.; Lin, G.; Majka, R.; Nattrass, C.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Abelev, BI (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RI Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Semertzidis, Yannis K./N-1002-2013; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Cosentino, Mauro/L-2418-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/H-4587-2016; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; OI Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Cosentino, Mauro/0000-0002-7880-8611; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/0000-0003-0578-9533; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Fisyak, Yuri/0000-0002-3151-8377; Bhasin, Anju/0000-0002-3687-8179; Sorensen, Paul/0000-0001-5056-9391; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536 FU Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; Sloan Foundation; DFG cluster of excellence; CNRS/IN2P3; STFC and EPSRC of the United Kingdom; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Ed. and Sci. of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM and NOW of the Netherlands; DAE; DST; CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Sci. and Higher Ed.; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Sci., Ed. and Sports of the Rep. Of Croatia; Russian Ministry of Sci. and Tech; RosAtom of Russia FX We thank D. Kharzeev for many helpful discussions. We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, the Sloan Foundation, the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe'', CNRS/IN2P3, STFC and EPSRC of the United Kingdom, FAPESP CNPq of Brazil, Ministry of Ed. and Sci. of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FOM and NOW of the Netherlands, DAE, DST, and CSIR of India, Polish Ministry of Sci. and Higher Ed., Korea Research Foundation, Ministry of Sci., Ed. and Sports of the Rep. Of Croatia, Russian Ministry of Sci. and Tech, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 24 TC 238 Z9 239 U1 2 U2 52 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD DEC 18 PY 2009 VL 103 IS 25 AR 251601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.251601 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 535HP UT WOS:000272958300007 PM 20366248 ER PT J AU Vurgaftman, I Canedy, CL Kim, CS Kim, M Bewley, WW Lindle, JR Abell, J Meyer, JR AF Vurgaftman, I. Canedy, C. L. Kim, C. S. Kim, M. Bewley, W. W. Lindle, J. R. Abell, J. Meyer, J. R. TI Mid-infrared interband cascade lasers operating at ambient temperatures SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-WELL LASERS; HIGH-POWER; MU-M; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; CONTINUOUS-WAVE; NARROW-RIDGE; EMISSION AB We discuss the state-of-the-art performance of interband cascade lasers emitting in the 3-5 mu m spectral band. Broad-area devices with five active stages display pulsed threshold current densities as low as 400 A cm(-2) at room temperature. Auger decay rates are extracted from the analysis of threshold current densities and differential slope efficiencies of nearly 30 lasers, and found to be significantly lower than was anticipated based on prior information. New designs also produce ICLs with room-temperature internal losses as low as approximate to 6 cm(-1). The combination of these advances with improvements to the processing of narrow ridges has led to the fabrication of a 4.4-mu m-wide ridge emitting at 3.7 mu m that lased to 335 K in continuous mode. This is the highest continuous-wave (cw) operating temperature for any semiconductor laser in the 3.0-4.6 mu m spectral range. A 10-mu m-wide ridge with high-reflection and antireflection facet coatings produced up to 59 mW of cw power at 298 K, and displayed a maximum wall-plug efficiency of 3.4%. C1 [Vurgaftman, I.; Canedy, C. L.; Kim, C. S.; Kim, M.; Bewley, W. W.; Lindle, J. R.; Abell, J.; Meyer, J. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Vurgaftman, I (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jerry.meyer@nrl.navy.mil NR 29 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD DEC 17 PY 2009 VL 11 AR 125015 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/11/12/125015 PG 13 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 537AT UT WOS:000273085900004 ER PT J AU Tian, YD Peters-Lidard, CD Eylander, JB Joyce, RJ Huffman, GJ Adler, RF Hsu, KL Turk, FJ Garcia, M Zeng, J AF Tian, Yudong Peters-Lidard, Christa D. Eylander, John B. Joyce, Robert J. Huffman, George J. Adler, Robert F. Hsu, Kuo-lin Turk, F. Joseph Garcia, Matthew Zeng, Jing TI Component analysis of errors in satellite-based precipitation estimates SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID RAINFALL ESTIMATION; PASSIVE MICROWAVE; INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT; CLIMATOLOGY PROJECT; LAND; ALGORITHMS; PRODUCTS; SCALES; VARIABILITY; RESOLUTION AB Satellite-based precipitation estimates have great potential for a wide range of critical applications, but their error characteristics need to be examined and understood. In this study, six (6) high-resolution, satellite-based precipitation data sets are evaluated over the contiguous United States against a gauge-based product. An error decomposition scheme is devised to separate the errors into three independent components, hit bias, missed precipitation, and false precipitation, to better track the error sources associated with the satellite retrieval processes. Our analysis reveals the following. (1) The three components for each product are all substantial, with large spatial and temporal variations. (2) The amplitude of individual components sometimes is larger than that of the total errors. In such cases, the smaller total errors are resulting from the three components canceling one another. (3) All the products detected strong precipitation (>40 mm/d) well, but with various biases. They tend to overestimate in summer and underestimate in winter, by as much as 50% in either season, and they all miss a significant amount of light precipitation (<10 mm/d), up to 40%. (4) Hit bias and missed precipitation are the two leading error sources. In summer, positive hit bias, up to 50%, dominates the total errors for most products. (5) In winter, missed precipitation over mountainous regions and the northeast, presumably snowfall, poses a common challenge to all the data sets. On the basis of the findings, we recommend that future efforts focus on reducing hit bias, adding snowfall retrievals, and improving methods for combining gauge and satellite data. Strategies for future studies to establish better links between the errors in the end products and the upstream data sources are also proposed. C1 [Tian, Yudong; Huffman, George J.; Adler, Robert F.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Tian, Yudong] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Eylander, John B.] USAF, Weather Agcy, Air & Space Models Integrat Branch, Offutt AFB, NE 68113 USA. [Joyce, Robert J.] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, NCEP, NWS, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA. [Huffman, George J.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA. [Adler, Robert F.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hsu, Kuo-lin] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ctr Hydrometeorol & Remote Sensing, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Turk, F. Joseph] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Zeng, Jing] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Tian, YD (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Mail Code 614-3, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM yudong.tian@nasa.gov RI Garcia, Matthew/K-9286-2013; Huffman, George/F-4494-2014; Measurement, Global/C-4698-2015; Peters-Lidard, Christa/E-1429-2012 OI Garcia, Matthew/0000-0002-9637-4204; Huffman, George/0000-0003-3858-8308; Peters-Lidard, Christa/0000-0003-1255-2876 FU NASA; Terrestrial Hydrology Program [NRA-02-OES-05]; Air Force Weather Agency [MIPR F2BBAJ6033GB01] FX This research was supported in part by the NASA Precipitation Measurement Missions Program and the Terrestrial Hydrology Program under solicitation NRA-02-OES-05 (PI: Peters-Lidard) and the Air Force Weather Agency MIPR F2BBAJ6033GB01 (PI: Peters-Lidard). The authors wish to thank Mathew Sapiano, Dan Braithwaite, Ying Lin, Pingping Xie, and Yelena Yarosh for assistance with data access and questions and three anonymous reviewers for their in-depth comments and suggestions. NR 44 TC 96 Z9 97 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD DEC 16 PY 2009 VL 114 AR D24101 DI 10.1029/2009JD011949 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 535CN UT WOS:000272944300001 ER PT J AU Yim, PB Clarke, ML McKinstry, M Lacerda, SHD Pease, LF Dobrovolskaia, MA Kang, HG Read, TD Sozhamannan, S Hwang, JS AF Yim, Peter B. Clarke, Matthew L. McKinstry, Michael Lacerda, Silvia H. De Paoli Pease, Leonard F., III Dobrovolskaia, Marina A. Kang, HyeongGon Read, Timothy D. Sozhamannan, Shanmuga Hwang, Jeeseong TI Quantitative Characterization of Quantum Dot-Labeled Lambda Phage for Escherichia coli Detection SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE phage; bacteria detection; fluorescence; nanocrystal; microscopy; electron-spray differential mobility assay ID DIFFERENTIAL MOBILITY ANALYSIS; BACTERIOPHAGE-LAMBDA; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; RAPID DETECTION; O157-H7; PROTEIN; PATHOGENS; SURFACE AB We characterize CdSe/ZnS quantum dot (QD) binding to genetically modified bacteriophage as a model for bacterial detection. Interactions among QDs, lambda (lambda) phage, and Escherichia coli are examined by several cross-validated methods. Flow and image-based cytometry clarify fluorescent labeling of bacteria, with image-based cytometry additionally reporting the number of decorated phage bound to cells. Transmission electron microscopy, image-based cytometry, and electrospray differential mobility analysis allow quantization of QDs attached to each phage (4-17 QDs) and show that lambda phage used in this study exhibits enhanced QD binding to the capsid by nearly a factor of four compared to bacteriophage T7. Additionally, the characterization methodology presented can be applied to the quantitative characterization of other fluorescent nanocrystal-biological conjugates. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009; 104: 1059-1067. Published 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Yim, Peter B.; Clarke, Matthew L.; Lacerda, Silvia H. De Paoli; Pease, Leonard F., III; Kang, HyeongGon; Hwang, Jeeseong] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [McKinstry, Michael; Sozhamannan, Shanmuga] USN, Biol Def Res Directorate, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Pease, Leonard F., III] Univ Utah, Dept Chem Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Dobrovolskaia, Marina A.] SAIC Frederick NCI Frederick, Nanotechnol Characterizat Lab, Frederick, MD USA. [Read, Timothy D.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hwang, JS (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Mailstop 8443, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM jch@nist.gov RI Read, Timothy/E-6240-2011; Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, NCL/K-8454-2012 FU National Institute of Standards and Technology Advanced Technology Program; NRC postdoctoral fellowship program; Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Department of Defense of the U.S. Government [8.10084_08_NM_B] FX The authors thank Dr. Georgeta Crivat, Dr. Zhenping Zhou, Dr. Jianyong Tang, Dr. John Woodward, Dr. Lori Goldner, Dr. Garnett Bryant, and Dr. Paul DeRose at NIST; and Dr. Anil Patri at the Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory (NCL) at SAIC-Frederick/NCI-Frederick and Daniel Nelson at the University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute for useful discussions and acknowledge Mike Zachariah, Mike Tarlov, and De-Hao Tsai for their assistance with ES-DMA training. JH was supported by the National Institute of Standards and Technology Advanced Technology Program. MC was supported by the NRC postdoctoral fellowship program. This work was supported by funds from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Department of Defense of the U.S. Government (BDRD authors; grant # 8.10084_08_NM_B). NR 31 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 30 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 104 IS 6 BP 1059 EP 1067 DI 10.1002/bit.22488 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 546LX UT WOS:000273813400002 PM 19634184 ER PT J AU Crum-Cianflone, NF Blair, PJ Faix, D Arnold, J Echols, S Sherman, SS Tueller, JE Warkentien, T Sanguineti, G Bavaro, M Hale, BR AF Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. Blair, Patrick J. Faix, Dennis Arnold, John Echols, Sara Sherman, Sterling S. Tueller, John E. Warkentien, Tyler Sanguineti, Gabriela Bavaro, Mary Hale, Braden R. TI Clinical and Epidemiologic Characteristics of an Outbreak of Novel H1N1 (Swine Origin) Influenza A Virus among United States Military Beneficiaries SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; APRIL-MAY; HUMANS; INFECTION; TRANSMISSIBILITY; SURVEILLANCE; VACCINATION; CALIFORNIA; WISCONSIN AB Background. A novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus was identified in March 2009 and subsequently caused worldwide outbreaks. The San Diego region was an early focal point of the emerging pandemic. We describe the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of this novel strain in a military population to assist in future outbreak prevention and control efforts. Methods. We performed an epidemiologic evaluation of novel H1N1 virus infections diagnosed in San Diego County among 96,258 local US military beneficiaries. The structured military medical system afforded the ability to obtain precise epidemiologic information on the impact on H1N1 virus infection in a population. The novel H1N1 virus was confirmed using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Results. From 21 April through 8 May 2009, 761 patients presented with influenza-like illness and underwent rRT-PCR testing. Of these patients, 97 had confirmed novel H1N1 virus infection, with an incidence rate of 101 cases per 100,000 persons. The median age of H1N1 patients with H1N1 virus infection was 21 years (interquartile range, 15-25 years). Fever was a universal symptom in patients with H1N1 virus infection; other symptoms included cough (present in 96% of patients), myalgia or arthralgia (57%), and sore throat (51%). Sixty-eight (70%) of our patients had an identifiable epidemiologic link to another confirmed patient. The largest cluster of cases of H1N1 virus infection occurred on a Navy ship and involved 32 (8%) of 402 crew members; the secondary attack rate was 6%-14%. The rapid influenza testing that was used during this outbreak had a sensitivity of 51% and specificity of 98%, compared with rRT-PCR. Only 1 patient was hospitalized, and there were no deaths. Conclusions. A novel H1N1 influenza A virus caused a significant outbreak among military beneficiaries in San Diego County, including a significant cluster of cases onboard a Navy ship. The outbreak described here primarily affected adolescents and young adults and resulted in a febrile illness without sequelae. C1 [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Echols, Sara; Warkentien, Tyler; Sanguineti, Gabriela; Bavaro, Mary; Hale, Braden R.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Arnold, John] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Sherman, Sterling S.; Tueller, John E.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Blair, Patrick J.; Faix, Dennis] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Echols, Sara; Sanguineti, Gabriela; Hale, Braden R.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Hale, BR (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM braden.hale@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; Chiang, Vincent, Ming-Hsien/D-4312-2016 OI Chiang, Vincent, Ming-Hsien/0000-0002-2029-7863 FU US Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System; Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health [Y1-AI-5072] FX US Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System; the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, a Department of Defense program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (interagency agreement Y1-AI-5072). NR 35 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 12 BP 1801 EP 1810 DI 10.1086/648508 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 523KA UT WOS:000272070800005 PM 19911946 ER PT J AU Montgomery, MT Boyd, TJ Osburn, CL Plummer, RE Masutani, SM Coffin, RB AF Montgomery, M. T. Boyd, T. J. Osburn, C. L. Plummer, R. E. Masutani, S. M. Coffin, R. B. TI Desalination technology waste streams: Effect of pH and salinity on metabolism of marine microbial assemblages SO DESALINATION LA English DT Article DE Hydrates; Bacterial production; pH; Salinity; Depressurization ID NATURAL AQUATIC SYSTEMS; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; WATER; GROWTH; TEMPERATURE; COMMUNITIES; EFFICIENCY; BACTERIA; SEDIMENT AB Effluents from desalination technologies may influence natural bacterial assemblages due to changes in salinity, pH, dissolved organic carbon concentration (DOC), DOC quality and cellular hydrostatic pressure. Salinity, pH, and pressure change effects on heterotrophic bacterial production (as measured by leucine incorporation) were examined in experiments with surface water from the Delaware Bay, Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean. Bacterial production decreased by 57-67% when salinity of Atlantic Ocean and Delaware Bay surface water samples were increased from ambient to 60 PSU. Decreasing ambient seawater pH from 8.0 to below 5.0 with CO(2) gas reduced production by 96-100%. Decreasing seawater pH by 1.5 units at 33 PSU caused equivalent inhibition to increasing salinity by 27 PSU (pH 8.0). Bacterial production in Pacific Ocean surface water pressurized for 72 h was decreased 40% by increasing salinity, when measured I h after decompression. However, production increased 43% with increasing salinity when, measured 24 h after decompression. One explanation for these divergent effects between the 1- and 24-h sampling at ambient pH may be community adaptation. Strains amongst the natural assemblage that survived the pressurization by saturating their membrane phospholipids would likely be better adapted to compete for available nutrients under elevated salinity. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Montgomery, M. T.; Boyd, T. J.; Osburn, C. L.; Coffin, R. B.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Biogeochem Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Plummer, R. E.] SAIC, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Masutani, S. M.] Univ Hawaii, HNEI, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Montgomery, MT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Biogeochem Sect, Code 6114,4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mike.montgomery@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors thank Charles Nelson at UH for technical support, Dave Kirchman for helpful discussions, and to two anonymous reviewers for critical review and comments that improved the manuscript. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0011-9164 J9 DESALINATION JI Desalination PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 249 IS 2 BP 861 EP 864 DI 10.1016/j.desal.2009.03.018 PG 4 WC Engineering, Chemical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 522RK UT WOS:000272015800065 ER PT J AU Weintrob, AC Grandits, GA Agan, BK Ganesan, A Landrum, ML Crum-Cianflone, NF Johnson, EN Ordonez, CE Wortmann, GW Marconi, VC AF Weintrob, Amy C. Grandits, Greg A. Agan, Brian K. Ganesan, Anuradha Landrum, Michael L. Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. Johnson, Erica N. Ordonez, Claudia E. Wortmann, Glenn W. Marconi, Vincent C. CA IDCRP HIV Working Grp TI Virologic Response Differences Between African Americans and European Americans Initiating Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy With Equal Access to care SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE virologic response; HIV HAART; ethnicity; African Americans; European Americans ID SELF-REPORTED ADHERENCE; HIV-1 INFECTION; HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS; LYMPHOCYTE COUNTS; MILITARY COHORT; REGIMENS; EFAVIRENZ; FAILURE; RISK; PHARMACOGENETICS AB Objective: Studies comparing virologic response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) between African Americans (AA) and European Americans (EA) have been confounded by differences in duration of HIV infection and access to health care. We evaluated virologic response to HAART between ethnicities in a large cohort with fewer confounders. Methods: The odds of attaining viral suppression at 6- and 12-months post-HAART were determined by multivariate logistic regression for HIV infected AA and EA prospectively followed in a large US military cohort. Time-to-event methods were used to compare maintenance of suppression. Results: A total of 1363 subjects (51% AA, 92% men) with viral load results available 6 months after HAART initiation were included. There was no difference. between ethnicities in time from seroconversion to HIV diagnosis or HAART initiation or in HAART regimens. Adjusted for multiple demographic and HIV-related factors, AA had significantly lower odds of obtaining undetectable viral loads after 6 (odds ratio 0.6, 95% confidence interval 0.4-0.8, P < 0.001) and 12 months (odds ratio 0.6, 95% confidence interval 0.4-0.8, P = 0.002) of HAART Once undetectable, there was no difference in time to virologic failure between AA and EA. Conclusions: Despite similar durations of HIV infection and equal access to health care, AAs were significantly less likely to achieve viral suppression compared with EA. C1 [Weintrob, Amy C.; Wortmann, Glenn W.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Weintrob, Amy C.; Grandits, Greg A.; Agan, Brian K.; Ganesan, Anuradha; Landrum, Michael L.; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Johnson, Erica N.; Wortmann, Glenn W.; Marconi, Vincent C.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Grandits, Greg A.] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. [Landrum, Michael L.; Johnson, Erica N.; Marconi, Vincent C.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Weintrob, AC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2,Ward 63,Room 6312, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Amy.Weintrob@amedd.army.mil RI Marconi, Vincent/N-3210-2014; OI Marconi, Vincent/0000-0001-8409-4689; Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 FU Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; IDCRP; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine; HHS/NIH/NIAID/DCR [HU0001-05-2-0011] FX Supported by Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. The IDCRP is a Department of Defense tri-service program executed through Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, in collaboration with HHS/NIH/NIAID/DCR through Interagency Agreement HU0001-05-2-0011. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors, and are not to be construed as official, or as reflecting the views of the Departments of the Army, Navy, Air Force, or the Department of Defense. The authors have no commercial or other association that might pose a conflict of interest. NR 30 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 52 IS 5 BP 574 EP 580 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 526SO UT WOS:000272314100007 PM 19755913 ER PT J AU Bennett, BR Ancona, MG Champlain, JG Papanicolaou, NA Boos, JB AF Bennett, Brian R. Ancona, Mario G. Champlain, James G. Papanicolaou, Nicolas A. Boos, J. Brad TI Demonstration of high-mobility electron and hole transport in a single InGaSb well for complementary circuits SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE Molecular beam epitaxy; Quantum wells; Semiconducting III-V materials; Field-effect transistors; High electron mobility transistors ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; STRAINED-QUANTUM-WELL; P-CHANNEL; HIGH-SPEED; N-CHANNEL; HETEROSTRUCTURE; TECHNOLOGY; HFETS AB Heterostructures consisting of an InGaSb quantum well situated between AlGaSb barriers were grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Calculations indicate a type-I band structure with substantial valence and conduction band offsets that can allow for the confinement of either electrons or holes in the InGaSb. Quantum wells with n-type conduction were achieved using modulation doping, with Te located in the barrier above the quantum well. A set of barrier layers was found which resulted in a sample with an In(0.2)Ga(0.8)Sb quantum well that exhibited an electron mobility of 3900 cm(2)/V S as grown. After removal of upper barrier layers including the Te by selective etching, the conductivity switched to p-type, with hole mobilities near 800 cm(2)/Vs. This design could allow the integration of low-power n- and p-channel field-effect transistors for complementary logic applications. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Bennett, Brian R.; Ancona, Mario G.; Champlain, James G.; Papanicolaou, Nicolas A.; Boos, J. Brad] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bennett, BR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brian.bennett@nrl.navy.mil RI Bennett, Brian/A-8850-2008 OI Bennett, Brian/0000-0002-2437-4213 FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was partially supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 312 IS 1 BP 37 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2009.09.047 PG 4 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 534MG UT WOS:000272900800007 ER PT J AU Chin-Bing, SA Warn-Varnas, A King, DB Hawkins, J Lamb, K AF Chin-Bing, S. A. Warn-Varnas, A. King, D. B. Hawkins, J. Lamb, K. TI Effects on acoustics caused by ocean solitons, Part B: Acoustics SO NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-THEORY METHODS & APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Solitons; Nonlinear wave ID INTERNAL SOLITONS; SOUND; WAVE AB Large amplitude internal solitary waves in the ocean can interfere with underwater acoustic signals. For certain acoustic parameters (source depth, receiver depth, and frequency) a redistribution of acoustical energy to higher-order acoustic modes can occur as the acoustic signal propagates through the solitary wave train. Depending on the ocean bottom composition, this can result in a significant loss in acoustical signal intensity. In order to simulate and understand this phenomena, it is necessary to generate a solitary wave train that is realistic and contains the spectral components that will interact with the acoustic signal. This requires a primitive equation nonhydrostatic ocean model. Part A [A.C.Warn-Varnas, S.A. Chin-Bing, D. King, J. Hawkins, K. Lamb, Effects on acoustics caused by ocean solitons: Part A. Oceanography, Nonlinear Anal., in press (doi:10.1016/j.na.2009.02.104)] of this two-part article addressed that issue. In this work we use acoustic model simulations to demonstrate the mode linkage between the solitary wave train and the acoustic signal that can result in a large signal loss. Understanding the linkage allows for pre-examination of the solitary wave characteristics to determine if they could affect propagating acoustic signals. The procedure has the advantage that only a few computer runs are required from the ocean model and no lengthy computer runs are required from acoustic propagation models. Only a quick calculation of the acoustic mode eigenvalues is needed. Published by Elsevier Ltd C1 [Chin-Bing, S. A.; Warn-Varnas, A.; King, D. B.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Hawkins, J.] Planning Syst Inc, Slidell, LA 70458 USA. [Lamb, K.] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. RP Chin-Bing, SA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM chinbing@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [PE 62435] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under PE 62435, with technical management provided by the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0362-546X J9 NONLINEAR ANAL-THEOR JI Nonlinear Anal.-Theory Methods Appl. PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 71 IS 12 BP E2194 EP E2204 DI 10.1016/j.na.2009.04.069 PG 11 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 599ZJ UT WOS:000277952800133 ER PT J AU Norton, GV AF Norton, Guy V. TI Numerical solution of the wave equation describing acoustic scattering and propagation through complex dispersive moving media SO NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-THEORY METHODS & APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Time domain; Dispersion; Finite difference ID TIME-DOMAIN SIMULATION; FREQUENCY POWER-LAW; INCLUDING DISPERSION; PULSE-PROPAGATION; ATTENUATION; SOUND AB The numerical solution of acoustic pulse propagation through dispersive moving media requires the inclusion of attenuation and its causal companion, phase velocity. For acoustic propagation in a linear medium, Szabo [T.L. Szabo, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 96 (1994) 491] introduced the concept of a convolutional propagation operator that plays the role of a casual propagation factor in the time domain. This operator was originally proposed to replace the term responsible for including losses from thermal conduction and viscosity of the fluid in the Westervelt equation. The operator has been successfully used in the linear wave equation for quiescent media. Development of the linear wave equation for sound in dispersive fluids with inhomogeneous flow will be described, along with a one-dimensional example. The resulting modified linear wave equation is solved via the method of finite differences. Published by Elsevier Ltd C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Norton, GV (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM guy.norton@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [61153N]; DoD High Performance Computing Shared Resource Center (NRL-DC) FX This work has been supported by the Office of Naval Research, (Program Element No. 61153N) and by a grant of computer time at the DoD High Performance Computing Shared Resource Center (NRL-DC). NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0362-546X J9 NONLINEAR ANAL-THEOR JI Nonlinear Anal.-Theory Methods Appl. PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 71 IS 12 BP E849 EP E854 DI 10.1016/j.na.2008.12.009 PG 6 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 599ZJ UT WOS:000277952800260 ER PT J AU Statnikov, R Bordetsky, A Statnikov, A AF Statnikov, Roman Bordetsky, Alex Statnikov, Alexander TI Management of constraints in optimization problems SO NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-THEORY METHODS & APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Design variable constraints; Functional constraints; Criteria constraints; Feasible solution set; Pareto optimal set; Parameter Space Investigation (PSI) method AB Optimization problems are encountered in all scientific disciplines and in many aspects of everyday life. Application of established optimization methods assumes that an expert can state the optimization problem correctly. Unfortunately, this is not the case in reality. Below we consider how to help an expert state and solve optimization problems. The proposed technique splits constraints of an optimization problem into "soft" (manageable) and "rigid" constraints and modifies the "soft" constraints in an interactive mode with the expert. The technique is illustrated with a numeric example devoted to the optimization of a real-life nonlinear system. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Statnikov, Roman; Bordetsky, Alex] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Statnikov, Roman] Russian Acad Sci, Mech Engn Res Inst, Moscow 117901, Russia. [Statnikov, Alexander] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. RP Statnikov, R (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM rstatnik@nps.edu; abordets@nps.edu; alexander.statnikov@vanderbilt.edu NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0362-546X J9 NONLINEAR ANAL-THEOR JI Nonlinear Anal.-Theory Methods Appl. PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 71 IS 12 BP E967 EP E971 DI 10.1016/j.na.2009.01.170 PG 5 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 599ZJ UT WOS:000277952800272 ER PT J AU Warn-Varnas, A Chin-Bing, SA King, DB Hawkins, J Lamb, K AF Warn-Varnas, A. Chin-Bing, S. A. King, D. B. Hawkins, J. Lamb, K. TI Effects on acoustics caused by ocean solitons, Part A: Oceanography SO NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-THEORY METHODS & APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Solitary waves; Model parameters; Scaling parameters; Wave amplitude; Wavelength and phase speed; Parameter space regimes; Nonhydrostatic models ID INTERNAL SOLITONS AB Our work addresses the link between internal solitary waves and acoustics. The location of the study is in the Yellow Sea south of the Shandong peninsula. Previously in this region, we have performed internal solitary wave generation and propagation simulations with the Lamb nonhydrostatic model [K.Lamb, Numerical experiments of internal waves generated by strong tidal flow across a finite amplitude bank edge, J. Geophys. Res. 99 (c1) (1994) 848-864; A. Warn-Varnas, S.A. Chin-Bing, D.B. King, J.A. Hawkins, K.G. Lamb, M. Teixeira, Yellow Sea ocean-acoustic solitary wave modeling studies, J. Geophys. Res. 110 (2005) C08001, doi:10.1029/2004JC002801]. The model parameters were tuned to SAR data. Here, we consider variations of solitary wave characteristics in parameter space. We introduce scaling parameters for a two-layer analogue configuration. This analogue is applied to predicted numerical solutions with the full nonlinear non hydrostatic Lamb model in the first of the above-mentioned references. Variations of density difference across the pycnocline, tidal forcing and topographic height are considered. Characteristics of solitary waves are analyzed as the parameters deviate from a tuned case to data. Changes of solitary wave functional form, amplitude, wavelength, and phase speed are tracked. We consider oceanographic and acoustical parameters that describe the physical ocean-acoustic environment and its associated variability. For certain source, receiver, and acoustical frequency configurations, are distribution of acoustical energy to higher modes can occur and result in acoustical intensity loss in the presence of solitary wave trains [A.Warn-Varnas, S.A. Chin-Bing, D.B. King, J.A. Hawkins, K.G. Lamb, M. Teixeira, Yellow Sea internal solitary wave variability, in: N.G. Pace, Finn B. Jensen (Eds.), Impact of Littoral Environmental Variability on Acoustic Predictions and Sonar Performance, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 2002]. This will be considered in part B. Published by Elsevier Ltd C1 [Warn-Varnas, A.; Chin-Bing, S. A.; King, D. B.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Hawkins, J.] Planning Syst Inc, Slidell, LA 70458 USA. [Lamb, K.] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. RP Warn-Varnas, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM varnas@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [PE62435] FX We gratefully acknowledge the many helpful comments made by colleagues. The work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under PE62435, with technical management provided by the Naval Research Laboratory NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0362-546X J9 NONLINEAR ANAL-THEOR JI Nonlinear Anal.-Theory Methods Appl. PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 71 IS 12 BP E1807 EP E1817 DI 10.1016/j.na.2009.02.104 PG 11 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 599ZJ UT WOS:000277952800091 ER PT J AU Baird, L Ang, GH Low, CH Haegel, NM Talin, AA Li, QM Wang, GT AF Baird, Lee Ang, G. H. Low, C. H. Haegel, N. M. Talin, A. A. Li, Qiming Wang, G. T. TI Imaging minority carrier diffusion in GaN nanowires using near field optical microscopy SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th International Conference on Defects in Semiconductors CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL St Petersburg, RUSSIA SP Russian Fdn Basic Res, Russian Acad Sci DE Transport imaging; Minority carrier; GaN nanowires; Diffusion length; Near-field scanning optical microscopy; NSOM AB A novel system has been developed for the imaging of carrier transport within semiconductor nanostructures by operating a near field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) within a scanning electron microscope. Luminescence associated with carrier recombination is collected with high spatial resolution to monitor the motion and recombination of charge generated by use of an electron beam as an independent point source. Light is collected in the near field from a scanning fiber using tuning fork feedback in an open architecture combined AFM/NSOM system allowing independent motion of sample and tip. From a single image, it is possible to obtain a direct measure of minority carrier diffusion length. This technique has been used in the near-field collection mode to image the diffusion of holes in n-type GaN-AlGaN core-shell nanowires, grown via Ni-catalyzed MOCVD. Measurements were made on tapered nanowires ranging in diameter from 500 to 800 nm, with lengths up to similar to 30 mu m. The average 1-dimensional carrier diffusion length was measured to be 1.2 +/- 0.2 mu m in the low injection limit. In addition, it is possible to map the luminescence that is waveguided to the end of the structure, imaging waveguide modes. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Baird, Lee; Ang, G. H.; Low, C. H.; Haegel, N. M.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Talin, A. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. [Li, Qiming; Wang, G. T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Haegel, NM (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM nmhaegel@nps.edu RI Wang, George/C-9401-2009 OI Wang, George/0000-0001-9007-0173 NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 404 IS 23-24 BP 4933 EP 4936 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2009.08.280 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 574YE UT WOS:000276029300119 ER PT J AU Haegel, NM Williams, SE Frenzen, C Scandrett, C AF Haegel, Nancy M. Williams, Scott E. Frenzen, C. Scandrett, C. TI Imaging charge transport and dislocation networks in ordered GaInP SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th International Conference on Defects in Semiconductors CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL St Petersburg, RUSSIA SP Russian Fdn Basic Res, Russian Acad Sci DE Transport imaging; Cathodoluminescence; Dislocations; GaInP; Minority carrier diffusion ID DIFFUSION AB An optical technique is used to measure local variations in minority carrier diffusion length associated with dislocation networks in ordered GaInP. Two-dimensional images of the luminescence resulting from carrier generation along a line source are obtained using an optical microscope coupled to a scanning electron microscope. Minority carrier diffusion lengths are determined from the spatial distribution of the recombination luminescence. The use of double heterostructures of AlGaInP/GaInP/AlGaInP restricts diffusion to the plane of the epilayer. Because the technique offers high spatial resolution, it is possible to measure variations in carrier transport associated with the dislocation bands produced due to lattice mismatch with the substrate. Minority carrier diffusion lengths have been correlated to the intensity fluctuations commonly observed in cathodoluminescence across several light and dark bands. In multiple regions of the sample, increased cathodoluminescence intensity occurs in areas of decreased diffusion length. Modeling shows that increased luminescence intensity can correspond to regions of decreased effective minority carrier lifetime, due to the combined effect of variations in non-radiative and radiative recombination rates. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Haegel, Nancy M.; Williams, Scott E.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Frenzen, C.; Scandrett, C.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA USA. RP Haegel, NM (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM nmhaegel@nps.edu NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD DEC 15 PY 2009 VL 404 IS 23-24 BP 4963 EP 4966 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2009.08.219 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 574YE UT WOS:000276029300127 ER PT J AU Kaminski, K Kaminska, E Pawlus, S Wlodarczyk, P Paluch, M Ziolo, J Kasprzycka, A Szeja, W Ngai, KL Pilch, J AF Kaminski, Kamil Kaminska, Ewa Pawlus, Sebastian Wlodarczyk, Patryk Paluch, Marian Ziolo, Jerzy Kasprzycka, Anna Szeja, Wieslaw Ngai, K. L. Pilch, Jerzy TI Dielectric properties of two diastereoisomers of the arabinose and their equimolar mixture SO CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Dielectric spectroscopy; D-Arabinose; L-Arabinose; Diastereoisomers; Molecular dynamics ID GLASS-TRANSITION; SECONDARY RELAXATION; TEMPERATURE RANGE; BETA-RELAXATION; C-13 NMR; SUCROSE; GLUCOSE; SPECTROSCOPY; DYNAMICS; STATES AB Dielectric relaxation measurements were performed on two enantiomers, D- and L-arabinose and their equimolar mixture, and compared to dielectric data obtained for D-ribose. D-Arabinose differs from D-ribose by having the opposite configuration at C2. This study reveals that both D- and L- of arabinose exhibit alpha-relaxation peaks with the same shape for the same alpha-relaxation time tau(alpha), and the same steepness index for the T(g)-scale T-dependence of tau(alpha). However, the two isomers have slightly different glass transition temperatures T(g)'s, and their secondary gamma-relaxation times also differ slightly from the previously observed gamma-relaxation in D-ribose at the same temperature. However, when samples of both investigated monosaccharides are annealed at higher temperatures, their glass transition temperatures become nearly identical. This is an effect of the mutarotation process, which leads to the formation of pairs of the enantiomers and accordingly they should have the same physical properties. The width of the alpha-relaxation Of D- and L-arabinose is broader than that Of D-ribose, as reflected by the smaller stretch exponent in the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts function used to fit the data of the former (beta(KWW) = 0.46 +/- 0.01) than the latter (beta(KWW) = 0.55 +/- 0.01). The width of the alpha-relaxation of racemic mixture of the D- and L-arabinose is slightly broader than that of the pure isomers. While the dielectric loss data Of D-ribose in the glassy state at ambient and elevated pressures show an inflexion indicating the presence of the JG beta-relaxation, the data Of D- and L-arabinose show no such feature for identification of the supposedly universal JG beta-relaxation. Nevertheless, on comparing the loss spectra of D-arabinose with that Of D-ribose, the presence of the JG beta-relaxation in D-arabinose has been rationalized. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kaminski, Kamil; Kaminska, Ewa; Pawlus, Sebastian; Wlodarczyk, Patryk; Paluch, Marian; Ziolo, Jerzy] Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. [Kasprzycka, Anna; Szeja, Wieslaw] Silesian Tech Univ, Dept Chem, Div Organ Chem Biochem & Biotechnol, PL-44100 Gliwice, Poland. [Ngai, K. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Pilch, Jerzy] Acad Phys Educ Raciborska 1, Dept Biol Sci, PL-40074 Katowice, Poland. RP Kaminski, K (reprint author), Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, Ul Uniwersytecka 4, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. EM kaminski@us.edu.pl FU EU; European Economic Area Financial Mechanism; FNP FX The authors are deeply thankful for the financial support within the framework of the project entitled 'From Study of Molecular Dynamics in Amorphous Medicines at Ambient and Elevated Pressure to Novel Applications in Pharmacy', which is operated within the Foundation for Polish Science Team Program co-financed by the EU European Regional Development Fund. Work carried out at the Naval Research Laboratory was supported by the Office of Naval Research. S. Pawlus acknowledges the financial assistance from FNP HOMING program (2008) supported by the European Economic Area Financial Mechanism. KX and EX acknowledge financial support from FNP (Start 2009). NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0008-6215 J9 CARBOHYD RES JI Carbohydr. Res. PD DEC 14 PY 2009 VL 344 IS 18 BP 2547 EP 2553 DI 10.1016/j.carres.2009.10.001 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 533XW UT WOS:000272860500017 PM 19857861 ER PT J AU Mohammad, SN AF Mohammad, S. Noor TI For nanowire growth, vapor-solid-solid (vapor-solid) mechanism is actually vapor-quasisolid-solid (vapor-quasiliquid-solid) mechanism SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE catalysis; drops; gallium compounds; gold; III-V semiconductors; indium compounds; liquid-vapour transformations; nanowires; nickel; semiconductor growth; semiconductor quantum wires; solid-vapour transformations; wide band gap semiconductors ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; GALLIUM NITRIDE NANOWIRES; ELECTRICAL-TRANSPORT PROPERTIES; SILICON NANOWIRES; GAAS NANOWIRES; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; GAN NANOWIRES; EUTECTIC TEMPERATURE; GERMANIUM NANOWIRES; ROOM-TEMPERATURE AB Vapor-phase mechanisms [e.g., vapor-liquid-solid (VLS), vapor-solid-solid, oxide-assisted growth, and the self-catalytic growth mechanisms] for the unidirectional nanowire (NW) growth are not yet well understood. For this understanding, growths of GaN and InN NWs in our laboratory, without and with the assistance of foreign element catalytic agents (FECAs), such as Au and In, were performed. GaN NW growth, in the presence of FECA equivalent to Ni, was possible at temperatures below the Ni/Ga eutectic temperature. InN NWs were grown, in the presence of Au, and at temperatures in the vicinity of Au/In eutectic temperature. They were found to have Au at the NW tip, NW base, and NW sidewalls. Extensive investigation of the fundamentals underlying these anomalies has been carried out. The temperature dependence of the VLS mechanism has also been elucidated. A large number of available elemental and compound semiconductor NWs exhibiting similar characteristics have been considered for the investigation. Based on this investigation, a chemicophysical mechanism called the vapor-quasisolid-solid (VQS) (or vapor-semisolid-solid, or vapor-quasiliquid-solid, or vapor-semiliquid-solid) mechanism has been proposed. The cause of temperature dependence of the VLS growth under different growth conditions and growth environments, and the possible relationship between the VLS and the VQS mechanisms has been presented. To better describe the vapor-phase mechanisms, including the VQS mechanism, a unified definition of droplets has been proposed. A series of experimental evidences has been set forth to substantiate the validity of the proposed mechanism, and to justify the definition of the unified droplet model. They together appear to explain the fundamental basis of the NW growth by various mechanisms, including the VQS mechanisms. They also provide solutions of many known problems, conflicts, confusions, and controversies involving NW growth. C1 [Mohammad, S. Noor] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mohammad, S. Noor] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mohammad, SN (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM snmohammad2002@yahoo.com NR 106 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 10 U2 91 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD DEC 14 PY 2009 VL 131 IS 22 AR 224702 DI 10.1063/1.3246169 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 533DO UT WOS:000272803000059 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Celik, O Chaty, S Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Conrad, J Corbel, S Corbet, R Dermer, CD de Palma, F Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dubus, G Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Focke, WB Fortin, P Frailis, M Fusco, P Gargano, F Gehrels, N Germani, S Giavitto, G Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Hill, AB Hjalmarsdotter, L Horan, D Hughes, RE Jackson, MS Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kocian, ML Koerding, E Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Makeev, A Marchand, L Marelli, M Max-Moerbeck, W Mazziotta, MN McColl, N McEnery, JE Meurer, C Michelson, PF Migliari, S Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Ong, RA Ormes, JF Paneque, D Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pooley, G Porter, TA Pottschmidt, K Raino, S Rando, R Ray, PS Razzano, M Rea, N Readhead, A Reimer, A Reimer, O Richards, JL Rochester, LS Rodriguez, J Rodriguez, AY Romani, RW Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spinelli, P Starck, JL Stevenson, M Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tomsick, JA Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Wilms, J Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe Chaty, S. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Conrad, J. Corbel, S. Corbet, R. Dermer, C. D. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dubus, G. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Focke, W. B. Fortin, P. Frailis, M. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giavitto, G. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hill, A. B. Hjalmarsdotter, L. Horan, D. Hughes, R. E. Jackson, M. S. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocian, M. L. Koerding, E. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Marchand, L. Marelli, M. Max-Moerbeck, W. Mazziotta, M. N. McColl, N. McEnery, J. E. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Migliari, S. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Ong, R. A. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pooley, G. Porter, T. A. Pottschmidt, K. Raino, S. Rando, R. Ray, P. S. Razzano, M. Rea, N. Readhead, A. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Richards, J. L. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, J. Rodriguez, A. Y. Romani, R. W. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spinelli, P. Starck, J. -L. Stevenson, M. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tomsick, J. A. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Wilms, J. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. CA Fermi LAT Collaboration TI Modulated High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission from the Microquasar Cygnus X-3 SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; CYG X-3; BINARIES; PULSARS; SEARCH AB Microquasars are accreting black holes or neutron stars in binary systems with associated relativistic jets. Despite their frequent outburst activity, they have never been unambiguously detected emitting high-energy gamma rays. The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) has detected a variable high-energy source coinciding with the position of the x-ray binary and microquasar Cygnus X-3. Its identification with Cygnus X-3 is secured by the detection of its orbital period in gamma rays, as well as the correlation of the LAT flux with radio emission from the relativistic jets of Cygnus X-3. The gamma-ray emission probably originates from within the binary system, opening new areas in which to study the formation of relativistic jets. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Cheung, C. C.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Ray, P. S.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.; Cheung, C. C.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Axelsson, M.; Hjalmarsdotter, L.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; Hjalmarsdotter, L.; Jackson, M. S.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Chaty, S.; Corbel, S.; Grenier, I. A.; Koerding, E.; Rodriguez, J.; Starck, J. -L.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, CEA Saclay, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Giavitto, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Giavitto, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.; Takahashi, H.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.; Giebels, B.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caliandro, G. A.; Rea, N.; Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.; Marelli, M.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Celik, Oe; Corbet, R.; Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; Johnson, T. J.; McEnery, J. E.; Pottschmidt, K.; Thompson, D. J.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe; Vasileiou, V.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe; Corbet, R.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Celik, Oe; Corbet, R.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Corbel, S.] Inst Univ France, F-75005 Paris, France. [Dubus, G.; Hill, A. B.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, UMR 5571, Lab Astrophys Grenoble LAOG, F-38041 Grenoble 09, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Smith, D. A.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, UMR 5797, IN2P3, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Gehrels, N.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Gehrels, N.; Johnson, T. J.; McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gehrels, N.; Johnson, T. J.; McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Guillemot, L.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeron Res, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Jackson, M. S.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Kawai, N.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Cosm Radiat Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Vilchez, N.] UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Knoedlseder, J.; Marchand, L.; McColl, N.; Ong, R. A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Max-Moerbeck, W.; Readhead, A.; Richards, J. L.; Stevenson, M.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Migliari, S.] ESAC, Madrid 28691, Spain. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Pooley, G.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Rea, N.] Sterrenkundig Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1095 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tomsick, J. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Wilms, J.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM stephane.corbel@cea.fr; Robin.Corbet@nasa.gov; Guillaume.Dubus@obs.ujf-grenoble.fr RI Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Rea, Nanda/I-2853-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Starck, Jean-Luc/D-9467-2011; Wilms, Joern/C-8116-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; OI Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Rea, Nanda/0000-0003-2177-6388; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Chaty, Sylvain/0000-0002-5769-8601; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Hill, Adam/0000-0003-3470-4834; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Rodriguez, Jerome/0000-0002-4151-4468; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Starck, Jean-Luc/0000-0003-2177-7794; Wilms, Joern/0000-0003-2065-5410; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 FU NASA; Department of Energy in the United States; CEA/Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers and l'Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules/CNRS in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; National Laboratory for High Energy Physics; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency in Japan; Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; National Space Board in Sweden; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; European Community [ERC-StG-200911] FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges support from a number of agencies and institutes for both development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include NASA and the Department of Energy in the United States; CEA/Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers and l'Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules/CNRS in France; the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, National Laboratory for High Energy Physics (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency in Japan; and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, Swedish Research Council and National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France for science analysis during the operations phase is also gratefully acknowledged. J. C. is a Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research Fellow, funded by a grant from the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation. G. D. and A. B. H. are funded by contract ERC-StG-200911 from the European Community. NR 27 TC 115 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD DEC 11 PY 2009 VL 326 IS 5959 BP 1512 EP 1516 DI 10.1126/science.1182174 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 530WS UT WOS:000272623600051 ER PT J AU Pichyangkul, S Tongtawe, P Kum-Arb, U Yongvanitchit, K Gettayacamin, M Hollingdale, MR Limsalakpletch, A Stewart, VA Lanar, DE Dutta, S Angov, E Ware, LA Bergmann-Leitner, ES House, B Voss, G Dubois, MC Cohen, JD Fukuda, MM Heppner, DG Miller, RS AF Pichyangkul, S. Tongtawe, P. Kum-Arb, U. Yongvanitchit, K. Gettayacamin, M. Hollingdale, M. R. Limsalakpletch, A. Stewart, V. A. Lanar, D. E. Dutta, S. Angov, E. Ware, L. A. Bergmann-Leitner, E. S. House, B. Voss, G. Dubois, M. C. Cohen, J. D. Fukuda, M. M. Heppner, D. G. Miller, R. S. TI Evaluation of the safety and immunogenicity of Plasmodium falciparum apical membrane antigen 1, merozoite surface protein 1 or RTS,S vaccines with adjuvant system AS02(A) administered alone or concurrently in rhesus monkeys SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium falciparum; Combination malaria vaccines ID INSTITUTE-OF-RESEARCH; MALARIA-NAIVE ADULTS; BLOOD-STAGE MALARIA; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PRIME-BOOST IMMUNIZATION; PHASE I/IIA SAFETY; T-CELL RESPONSES; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE-PROTEIN; PRECLINICAL EVALUATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI AB In an effort to broaden the immune response induced by the RTS,S/AS02(A),vaccine, we have evaluated the immunogenicity of the RTS,S antigen when combined with MSP1(42) and with AMA1, antigens derived from the asexual blood stage. The objectives of this study were (i) to determine whether MSP1(42) and AMA1 vaccines formulated with the AS02(A) Adjuvant System were safe and immunogenic in the rhesus monkey model; (ii) to investigate whether MSP1(42) or AMA1 induced immune interference to each other, or to RTS,S, when added singly or in combinations at a single injection site; (iii) in the event of immune interference, to determine if this could be reduced when antigens were administered at separate sites. We found that MSP1(42) and AMA1 were safe and immunogenic, eliciting antibodies, and Th1 and Th2 responses using IFN-gamma and IL-5 as markers. When malaria antigens were delivered together in one formulation, MSP1(42) and RTS,S reduced AMA1-specific antibody responses as measured by ELISA however, only MSP1(42) lowered parasite growth inhibitory activity of anti-AMA1 antibodies as measured by in vitro growth inhibition assay. Unlike RTS,S, MSP1(42) significantly reduced AMA1 IFN-gamma and IL-5 responses. MSPI 42 suppression of AMA1 IFN-gamma responses was not seen in animals receiving RTS,S + AMA1 + MSP1(42) suggesting that RTS,S restored IFN-gamma responses. Conversely, AMAII had no effect on MSP1(42) antibody and IFN-gamma and IL-5 responses. Neither AMA1 alone or combined with MISP1(42) affected RTS,S antibody or IFN-gamma and IL-5 responses. Immune interference by MSP1(42) on AMA1 antibody responses was also evident when AMA1, MSP1(42) and RTS,S were administered concurrently at separate sites. These results suggest that immune interference may be complex and should be considered for the design of multi-antigen, multi-stage vaccines against malaria. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pichyangkul, S.] AFRIMS, Dept Immunol & Med, USAMC, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Tongtawe, P.] Thammasat Univ, Fac Allied Hlth Sci, Pathum Thani, Thailand. [Gettayacamin, M.] AFRIMS, Dept Vet Med, Bangkok, Thailand. [Hollingdale, M. R.; Stewart, V. A.; Lanar, D. E.; Dutta, S.; Angov, E.; Ware, L. A.; Bergmann-Leitner, E. S.; Heppner, D. G.] WRAIR, Div Malaria Vaccine Dev, Silver Spring, MD USA. [House, B.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Voss, G.; Dubois, M. C.; Cohen, J. D.] GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Rixensart, Belgium. RP Pichyangkul, S (reprint author), AFRIMS, Dept Immunol & Med, USAMC, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM SathitP@afrims.org RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011; Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/B-3548-2011 OI Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/0000-0002-8571-8956 FU Military Infectious Diseases Research Program, Fort Detrick, MD FX This work was funded by the Military Infectious Diseases Research Program, Fort Detrick, MD. The views of the authors do not purport to reflect official positions or policy of the U.S. Department of the Army or the Department of Defense. NR 62 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD DEC 11 PY 2009 VL 28 IS 2 BP 452 EP 462 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.10.022 PG 11 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 559YS UT WOS:000274869300023 PM 19857448 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Cannon, A Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Celik, O Charles, E Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Colafrancesco, S Conrad, J Costamante, L Cutini, S Davis, DS Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Donato, D Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Edmonds, Y Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Finke, J Focke, WB Fortin, P Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Georganopoulos, M Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giommi, P Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Horan, D Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kocian, ML Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Makeev, A Mazziotta, MN McConville, W McEnery, JE Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Romani, RW Roth, M Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sambruna, R Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Sgro, C Shaw, MS Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Taylor, GB Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Waite, AP Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M Harris, DE Massaro, F Stawarz, L AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Cannon, A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe Charles, E. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Colafrancesco, S. Conrad, J. Costamante, L. Cutini, S. Davis, D. S. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. Donato, D. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Edmonds, Y. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Finke, J. Focke, W. B. Fortin, P. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Georganopoulos, M. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giommi, P. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Horan, D. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocian, M. L. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. N. McConville, W. McEnery, J. E. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Romani, R. W. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sambruna, R. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Sgro, C. Shaw, M. S. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Taylor, G. B. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. Harris, D. E. Massaro, F. Stawarz, L. TI FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE GAMMA-RAY DETECTION OF THE RADIO GALAXY M87 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (M87); galaxies: jets; gamma rays: observations; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SYNCHROTRON-PROTON BLAZAR; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; TEV EMISSION; UNIFIED SCHEMES; LAC OBJECTS; SOURCE LIST; EGRET DATA; JET; VARIABILITY AB We report the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) discovery of high-energy (MeV/GeV) gamma-ray emission positionally consistent with the center of the radio galaxy M87, at a source significance of over 10 sigma in 10 months of all-sky survey data. Following the detections of Cen A and Per A, this makes M87 the third radio galaxy seen with the LAT. The faint point-like gamma-ray source has a >100 MeV flux of 2.45 (+/-0.63) x 10(-8) photons cm(-2) s(-1) (photon index = 2.26 +/- 0.13) with no significant variability detected within the LAT observation. This flux is comparable with the previous EGRET upper limit (<2.18 x 10-8 photons cm(-2) s(-1), 2 sigma), thus there is no evidence for a significant MeV/GeV flare on decade timescales. Contemporaneous Chandra and Very Long Baseline Array data indicate low activity in the unresolved X-ray and radio core relative to previous observations, suggesting M87 is in a quiescent overall level over the first year of Fermi-LAT observations. The LAT gamma-ray spectrum is modeled as synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission from the electron population producing the radio-to-X-ray emission in the core. The resultant SSC spectrum extrapolates smoothly from the LAT band to the historical-minimum TeV emission. Alternative models for the core and possible contributions from the kiloparsec-scale jet in M87 are considered, and cannot be excluded. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Cheung, C. C.; Dermer, C. D.; Finke, J.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Costamante, L.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Edmonds, Y.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Shaw, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Costamante, L.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Edmonds, Y.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Shaw, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.; Giebels, B.; Horan, D.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.; Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Celik, Oe; Moiseev, A. A.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Cannon, A.] Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Caraveo, P. A.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Colafrancesco, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Giommi, P.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [Celik, Oe; Davis, D. S.; Georganopoulos, M.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Johnson, T. J.; McConville, W.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Kataoka, J.; Kawai, N.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Cosm Radiat Lab, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ozaki, M.; Uchiyama, Y.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Taylor, G. B.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. [Harris, D. E.; Massaro, F.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Stawarz, L.] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Teddy.Cheung.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; wmcconvi@umd.edu RI Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Massaro, Francesco/L-9102-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013 OI Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Massaro, Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; FU NASA [GO8-9116X, GO9-0108X]; Foundation BLANCEFLOR Boncompagni-Ludovisi, n'ee Bildt FX C. C. C. was supported by an appointment to the NASA Post-doctoral Program at Goddard Space Flight Center, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. Support from NASA grants GO8-9116X and GO9-0108X (D. E. H. and F. M.) and the Foundation BLANCEFLOR Boncompagni-Ludovisi, n'ee Bildt (F. M.) are acknowledged. This research has made use of data from the MOJAVE database that is maintained by theMOJAVE team (Lister et al. 2009). We thank F. Owen for providing the VLA 90 cm image. NR 61 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2009 VL 707 IS 1 BP 55 EP 60 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/55 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 524SJ UT WOS:000272162900004 ER PT J AU Young, PR Landi, E AF Young, P. R. Landi, E. TI CHIANTI-AN ATOMIC DATABASE FOR EMISSION LINES. XI. EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET EMISSION LINES OF Fe VII, Fe VIII, AND Fe IX OBSERVED BY HINODE/EIS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic data; line: identification; Sun: corona; Sun: transition region; Sun: UV radiation ID ELECTRON-IMPACT EXCITATION; COLLISIONAL IONIZATION EQUILIBRIUM; EUV IMAGING SPECTROMETER; OPTICALLY THIN PLASMAS; TRANSITION-REGION; RATE COEFFICIENTS; CORONAL LOOPS; RECOMBINATION RATES; TRACE OBSERVATIONS; IRON PROJECT AB A detailed study of emission lines from Fe VII, Fe VIII, and Fe IX observed by the EUV Imaging Spectrometer on board the Hinode satellite is presented. Spectra in the ranges 170-212 angstrom and 246-292 angstrom show strongly enhanced lines from the upper solar transition region (temperatures 5.4 <= log T <= 5.9) allowing a number of new line identifications to be made. Comparisons of Fe VII lines with predictions from a new atomic model reveal new plasma diagnostics, however there are a number of disagreements between theory and observation for emission line ratios insensitive to density and temperature, suggesting improved atomic data are required. Line ratios for Fe VIII also show discrepancies with theory, with the strong lambda 185.21 and lambda 186.60 lines underestimated by 60%-80% compared to lines between 192 and 198 angstrom. A newly identified multiplet between 253.9 and 255.8 angstrom offers excellent temperature diagnostic opportunities relative to the lines between 185 and 198 angstrom, however the atomic model underestimates the strength of these lines by factors of 3-6. Two new line identifications are made for Fe IX at wavelengths 176.959 angstrom and 177.594 angstrom, while seven other lines between 186 and 200 angstrom are suggested to be due to Fe IX but for which transition identifications cannot be made. The new atomic data for Fe VII and Fe IX are demonstrated to significantly modify models for the response function of the Transition Region And Coronal Explorer 195 angstrom imaging channel, affecting temperature determinations from this channel. The data will also affect the response functions for other solar EUV imaging instruments such as SOHO/EIT, STEREO/EUVI, and the upcoming AIA instrument on the Solar Dynamics Observatory. C1 [Young, P. R.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Young, P. R.; Landi, E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Young, PR (reprint author), George Mason Univ, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RI Landi, Enrico/H-4493-2011 FU NASA [NNG06EA14I, NNH06CD24C] FX The work of E. L. is supported by the NNG06EA14I, NNH06CD24C, and other NASA grants. Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA, with NAOJ as domestic partner and NASA and STFC (UK) as international partners. It is operated by these agencies in co-operation with ESA and NSC (Norway). NR 48 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2009 VL 707 IS 1 BP 173 EP 192 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/173 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 524SJ UT WOS:000272162900015 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Asano, K Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Band, DL Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Bhat, PN Bissaldi, E Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Bregeon, J Brez, A Briggs, MS Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Chaplin, V Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Connaughton, V Conrad, J Cutini, S Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Focke, WB Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Gibby, L Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Goldstein, A Granot, J Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kocevski, D Komin, N Kouveliotou, C Kuehn, F Kuss, M Latronico, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Makeev, A Mazziotta, MN McBreen, S McEnery, JE McGlynn, S Meegan, C Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monte, C Monzani, ME Moretti, E Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nakamori, T Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paciesas, WS Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Preece, R Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Roth, M Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Stamatikos, M Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL van der Horst, AJ Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V von Kienlin, A Waite, AP Wang, P Wilson-Hodge, C Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Asano, K. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Band, D. L. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bhat, P. N. Bissaldi, E. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Briggs, M. S. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Chaplin, V. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Connaughton, V. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Focke, W. B. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Gibby, L. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Goldstein, A. Granot, J. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocevski, D. Komin, N. Kouveliotou, C. Kuehn, F. Kuss, M. Latronico, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. N. McBreen, S. McEnery, J. E. McGlynn, S. Meegan, C. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paciesas, W. S. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Preece, R. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stamatikos, M. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. van der Horst, A. J. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. von Kienlin, A. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Wilson-Hodge, C. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI FERMI OBSERVATIONS OF HIGH-ENERGY GAMMA-RAY EMISSION FROM GRB 080825C SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: bursts ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; SPECTRAL COMPONENT; COMPTON EMISSION; BURST SPECTRA; GRB-941017; AFTERGLOWS; LIMITS; BATSE AB The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has opened a new high-energy window in the study of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Here we present a thorough analysis of GRB 080825C, which triggered the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM), and was the first firm detection of a GRB by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). We discuss the LAT event selections, background estimation, significance calculations, and localization for Fermi GRBs in general and GRB 080825C in particular. We show the results of temporal and time-resolved spectral analysis of the GBM and LAT data. We also present some theoretical interpretation of GRB 080825C observations as well as some common features observed in other LAT GRBs. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Razzaque, S.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.; Razzaque, S.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocevski, D.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocevski, D.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Asano, K.; Kataoka, J.; Kawai, N.; Nakamori, T.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Asano, K.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Interact Res Ctr Sci, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Atwood, W. B.; Porter, T. A.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Porter, T. A.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; McGlynn, S.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmo Particle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Komin, N.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, CEA Saclay, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Band, D. L.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.; Moretti, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.; Moretti, E.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bhat, P. N.; Briggs, M. S.; Chaplin, V.; Connaughton, V.; Goldstein, A.; Guiriec, S.; Paciesas, W. S.; Preece, R.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Bissaldi, E.; McBreen, S.; Orlando, E.; von Kienlin, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Giebels, B.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.; Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Komin, N.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; McGlynn, S.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, IN2P3, CNRS, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gibby, L.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Granot, J.] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Hughes, R. E.; Kuehn, F.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Cosm Radiat Lab, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Kouveliotou, C.; van der Horst, A. J.; Wilson-Hodge, C.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [McBreen, S.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Meegan, C.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Moretti, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Moretti, E.] Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Ohno, M.; Ozaki, M.; Uchiyama, Y.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM bouvier@stanford.edu; j.granot@herts.ac.uk; Alexander.J.VanDerHorst@nasa.gov RI Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Komin, Nukri/J-6781-2015; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; OI lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Komin, Nukri/0000-0003-3280-0582; Preece, Robert/0000-0003-1626-7335; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785; McBreen, Sheila/0000-0002-1477-618X; Moretti, Elena/0000-0001-5477-9097; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517 FU K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award; NASA FX Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research Fellow, funded by a grant from the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation.; NASA Postdoctoral Program Fellow; J.G. gratefully acknowledges a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award. A. J. v. d. H. was supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the MSFC, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. NR 40 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2009 VL 707 IS 1 BP 580 EP 592 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/580 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 524SJ UT WOS:000272162900045 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Celik, O Celotti, A Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Collmar, W Conrad, J Costamante, L Cutini, S de Angelis, A de Palma, F Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Focke, WB Fortin, P Foschini, L Frailis, M Fuhrmann, L Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gehrels, N Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Hays, E Hughes, RE Jackson, MS Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, WN Kadler, M Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kocian, ML Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Makeev, A Max-Moerbeck, W Mazziotta, MN McConville, W McEnery, JE McGlynn, S Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Nestoras, I Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Parent, D Pavlidou, V Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Readhead, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Richards, JL Rodriguez, AY Roth, M Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Sgro, C Shaw, MS Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tagliaferri, G Tajima, H Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tibolla, O Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Wehrle, AE Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Zensus, JA Ziegler, M Angelakis, E Bailyn, C Bignall, H Blanchard, J Bonning, EW Buxton, M Canterna, R Carraminana, A Carrasco, L Colomer, F Doi, A Ghisellini, G Hauser, M Hong, X Isler, J Kino, M Kovalev, YY Kovalev, YA Krichbaum, TP Kutyrev, A Lahteenmaki, A van Langevelde, HJ Lister, ML Macomb, D Maraschi, L Marchili, N Nagai, H Paragi, Z Phillips, C Pushkarev, AB Recillas, E Roming, P Sekido, M Stark, MA Szomoru, A Tammi, J Tavecchio, F Tornikoski, M Tzioumis, AK Urry, CM Wagner, S AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe. Celotti, A. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Collmar, W. Conrad, J. Costamante, L. Cutini, S. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Focke, W. B. Fortin, P. Foschini, L. Frailis, M. Fuhrmann, L. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Hays, E. Hughes, R. E. Jackson, M. S. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, W. N. Kadler, M. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocian, M. L. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Max-Moerbeck, W. Mazziotta, M. N. McConville, W. McEnery, J. E. McGlynn, S. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Nestoras, I. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Parent, D. Pavlidou, V. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Readhead, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Richards, J. L. Rodriguez, A. Y. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Sgro, C. Shaw, M. S. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tagliaferri, G. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, O. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Wehrle, A. E. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Zensus, J. A. Ziegler, M. Angelakis, E. Bailyn, C. Bignall, H. Blanchard, J. Bonning, E. W. Buxton, M. Canterna, R. Carraminana, A. Carrasco, L. Colomer, F. Doi, A. Ghisellini, G. Hauser, M. Hong, X. Isler, J. Kino, M. Kovalev, Y. Y. Kovalev, Yu. A. Krichbaum, T. P. Kutyrev, A. Lahteenmaki, A. van Langevelde, H. J. Lister, M. L. Macomb, D. Maraschi, L. Marchili, N. Nagai, H. Paragi, Z. Phillips, C. Pushkarev, A. B. Recillas, E. Roming, P. Sekido, M. Stark, M. A. Szomoru, A. Tammi, J. Tavecchio, F. Tornikoski, M. Tzioumis, A. K. Urry, C. M. Wagner, S. CA Fermi LAT Collaboration TI MULTIWAVELENGTH MONITORING OF THE ENIGMATIC NARROW-LINE SEYFERT 1 PMN J0948+0022 IN 2009 MARCH-JULY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; gamma rays: observations; infrared: galaxies; quasars: individual (PMN J0948+0022); radio continuum: galaxies; ultraviolet: galaxies; X-rays: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; RADIO; GALAXIES; JETS; VARIABILITY; CALIBRATION; RADIATION; MISSION AB Following the recent discovery of gamma rays from the radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy PMN J0948+0022 (z = 0.5846), we started a multiwavelength campaign from radio to gamma rays, which was carried out between the end of 2009 March and the beginning of July. The source displayed activity at all the observed wavelengths: a general decreasing trend from optical to gamma-ray frequencies was followed by an increase of radio emission after less than two months from the peak of the gamma-ray emission. The largest flux change, about a factor of about 4, occurred in the X-ray band. The smallest was at ultraviolet and near-infrared frequencies, where the rate of the detected photons dropped by a factor 1.6-1.9. At optical wavelengths, where the sampling rate was the highest, it was possible to observe day scale variability, with flux variations up to a factor of about 3. The behavior of PMN J0948+0022 observed in this campaign and the calculated power carried out by its jet in the form of protons, electrons, radiation, and magnetic field are quite similar to that of blazars, specifically of flat-spectrum radio quasars. These results confirm the idea that radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies host relativistic jets with power similar to that of average blazars. C1 [Foschini, L.; Tagliaferri, G.; Ghisellini, G.; Maraschi, L.; Tavecchio, F.] Osserv Astron Brera, INAF, I-23807 Merate, Italy. [Abdo, A. A.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Costamante, L.; Do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Reimer, O.; Shaw, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Costamante, L.; Do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Reimer, O.; Shaw, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; Jackson, M. S.; McGlynn, S.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CEA IRFU CNRS, Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.; Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Cutini, S.] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [Celik, Oe.; Kadler, M.; Moiseev, A. A.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe.; Vasileiou, V.; Kutyrev, A.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Celotti, A.] SISSA, I-34014 Trieste, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, CNRS, IN2P3, Montpellier, France. [Collmar, W.; Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Conrad, J.; Jackson, M. S.; Meurer, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Guillemot, L.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Guillemot, L.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Fuhrmann, L.; Nestoras, I.; Zensus, J. A.; Angelakis, E.; Kovalev, Y. Y.; Krichbaum, T. P.; Marchili, N.; Pushkarev, A. B.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; McConville, W.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Giroletti, M.] Ist Radioastron, INAF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Jackson, M. S.; McGlynn, S.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Kadler, M.] Dr Remeis Sternwarte Bamberg, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Kadler, M.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Kadler, M.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Kataoka, J.; Kawai, N.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Cosm Radiat Lab, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Max-Moerbeck, W.; Pavlidou, V.; Readhead, A.; Richards, J. L.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai, IEEC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Div Space Sci, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tibolla, O.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Uchiyama, Y.; Doi, A.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, JAXA, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Wehrle, A. E.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. [Bailyn, C.; Bonning, E. W.; Buxton, M.; Isler, J.; Urry, C. M.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Bailyn, C.; Bonning, E. W.; Buxton, M.; Isler, J.; Urry, C. M.] Yale Univ, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Bignall, H.] Curtin Univ Technol, Curtin Inst Radio Astron, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Blanchard, J.] Univ Tasmania, Dept Phys, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Canterna, R.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Carraminana, A.; Carrasco, L.; Recillas, E.] Inst Nacl Astrofis Opt & Electr, Puebla 72840, Mexico. [Colomer, F.] Observ Astron Nacl, E-28803 Alcala De Henares, Spain. [Hauser, M.; Wagner, S.] Heidelberg Univ, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Hong, X.] Shanghai Astron Observ, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Kino, M.; Nagai, H.] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Kovalev, Y. Y.; Kovalev, Yu. A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Ctr Astro Space, Moscow 117810, Russia. [Lahteenmaki, A.; Tammi, J.; Tornikoski, M.] Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, FIN-02540 Kylmala, Finland. [van Langevelde, H. J.; Paragi, Z.; Szomoru, A.] Joint Inst VLBI Europe, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [van Langevelde, H. J.] Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Lister, M. L.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Macomb, D.] Boise State Univ, Dept Phys, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Paragi, Z.] MPA Res Grp Phys Geodesy & Geodynam, H-1585 Budapest, Hungary. [Phillips, C.; Tzioumis, A. K.] CSIRO, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Pushkarev, A. B.] Crimean Astrophys Observ, UA-98409 Nauchnyi, Crimea, Ukraine. [Pushkarev, A. B.] Pulkovo Observ, St Petersburg 196140, Russia. [Roming, P.; Stark, M. A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Sekido, M.] Kashima Space Res Ctr, Natl Inst Informat & Communicat Technol, Kashima, Ibaraki 314, Japan. [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Foschini, L (reprint author), Osserv Astron Brera, INAF, I-23807 Merate, Italy. EM luigi.foschini@brera.inaf.it RI Urry, Claudia/G-7381-2011; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Foschini, Luigi/H-3833-2012; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Bignall, Hayley/B-2867-2013; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Lahteenmaki, Anne/L-5987-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Kovalev, Yuri/J-5671-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Pavlidou, Vasiliki/C-2944-2011; Tammi, Joni/G-2959-2012; Kovalev, Yuri/N-1053-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Pushkarev, Alexander/M-9997-2015; OI Urry, Claudia/0000-0002-0745-9792; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Foschini, Luigi/0000-0001-8678-0324; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Bignall, Hayley/0000-0001-6247-3071; van Langevelde, Huib Jan/0000-0002-0230-5946; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Angelakis, Emmanouil/0000-0001-7327-5441; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Ghisellini, Gabriele/0000-0002-0037-1974; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Kovalev, Yuri/0000-0001-9303-3263; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Pavlidou, Vasiliki/0000-0002-0870-1368; Tammi, Joni/0000-0002-9164-2695; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Tagliaferri, Gianpiero/0000-0003-0121-0723 FU NASA [NAS500136]; Cycle 1 Fermi GI [011283]; Academy of Finland; EC DG-INFSO funded [02662]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [01-02-16812, 08-02-00545]; National Science Foundation [0807860-AST]; NASA-Fermi [NNX08AV67G]; BMBF/PT-DESY; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; [SFB 439] FX This work is sponsored at PSU by NASA contract NAS500136. The SMARTS observations were supported by Cycle 1 Fermi GI grant number 011283. The Metsahovi team acknowledges the support from the Academy of Finland. e-VLBI developments in Europe are supported by the EC DG-INFSO funded Communication Network Developments project "EXPReS," Contract No. 02662. The European VLBI Network is a joint facility of European, Chinese, South African, and other radio astronomy institutes funded by their national research councils.; The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. RATAN-600 observations are supported in part by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (projects 01-02-16812 and 08-02-00545). This research has made use of data from the MOJAVE database that is maintained by the MOJAVE team (Lister et al. 2009). The MOJAVE project is supported under National Science Foundation grant 0807860-AST and NASA-Fermi grant NNX08AV67G. Also based on observations with the 100 m telescope of the Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie (MPIfR) at Effelsberg.; M. H. and S. W. acknowledge financial support through SFB 439 and BMBF/PT-DESY. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and of data obtained from the High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC), provided by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. NR 46 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2009 VL 707 IS 1 BP 727 EP 737 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/727 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 524SJ UT WOS:000272162900059 ER PT J AU Laming, JM Hwang, U AF Laming, J. Martin Hwang, Una TI THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY AND ELEMENT FRACTIONATION IN EV Lac SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE conduction; stars: abundances; stars: flare ID XMM-NEWTON VIEW; X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; STAR EV-LACERTAE; STELLAR CORONAE; FLARE PLASMAS; SOLAR-FLARE; II-PEGASI; ABUNDANCES; EMISSION; ASCA AB We present a 100 ks Suzaku observation of the dMe flare star EV Lac, in which the star was captured undergoing a moderate 1500 s flare. During the flare, the count rate increased by about a factor of 50 and the spectrum showed overall enhanced element abundances relative to quiescence. While the quiescent element abundances confirm the inverse first ionization potential (FIP) effect previously documented for EV Lac, with relatively higher depletions for low FIP elements, abundances during the flare spectra show a composition closer to that of the stellar photosphere. We discuss these results in the context of models that explain abundance fractionation in the stellar chromosphere as a result of the ponderomotive force due to Alfven waves. Stars with FIP or inverse FIP effects arising from differently directed ponderomotive forces may have quite different abundance signatures in their evaporated chromospheric plasma during flares, if the same ponderomotive force also affects thermal conduction downward from the corona. The regulation of the thermal conductivity by the ponderomotive force requires a level of turbulence that is somewhat higher than is normally assumed, but plausible in filamentary conduction models. C1 [Laming, J. Martin] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hwang, Una] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Hwang, Una] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Laming, JM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Code 7674L, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Una.Hwang-1@nasa.gov RI XRAY, SUZAKU/A-1808-2009 FU NASA [NNG05HL39I, NNG04GB78A]; Office of Naval Research FX J. M. L. is supported by NASA Contract NNG05HL39I and by basic research funds of the Office of Naval Research. U. H. acknowledges support from NASA grant NNG04GB78A. We thank Uri Feldman and Ken Phillips for advice and discussion, and are grateful to the referee for helpful comments. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 10 PY 2009 VL 707 IS 1 BP L60 EP L63 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/L60 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 525MV UT WOS:000272221100013 ER PT J AU Das, S Ghanem, R Finette, S AF Das, Sonjoy Ghanem, Roger Finette, Steven TI Polynomial chaos representation of spatio-temporal random fields from experimental measurements SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Karhunen-Loeve expansion; Non-Gaussian random process; Non-homogeneous/non-stationary random process; Polynomial chaos expansion; Probability density function estimation; Rosenblatt transformation; Spearman's rank correlation coefficient ID STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; DENSITY-ESTIMATION; FINITE-ELEMENTS; SYSTEMS; UNCERTAINTIES; DISTRIBUTIONS; SIMULATION; MARGINALS AB Two numerical techniques are proposed to construct a polynomial chaos (PC) representation of an arbitrary second-order random vector. In the first approach, a PC representation is constructed by matching a target joint probability density function (pdf) based on sequential conditioning (a sequence of conditional probability relations) in conjunction with the Rosenblatt transformation. In the second approach, the PC representation is obtained by having recourse to the Rosenblatt transformation and simultaneously matching a set of target marginal pdfs and target Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (SRCC) matrix. Both techniques are applied to model an experimental spatio-temporal data set, exhibiting strong non-stationary and non-Gaussian features. The data consists of a set of oceanographic temperature records obtained from a shallow-water acoustics transmission experiment [1]. The measurement data, observed over a finite denumerable subset of the indexing set of the random process, is treated as a collection of observed samples of a second-order random vector that can be treated as a finite-dimensional approximation of the original random field. A set of properly ordered conditional pdfs, that uniquely characterizes the target joint pdf, in the first approach and a set of target marginal pdfs and a target SRCC matrix. in the second approach, are estimated from available experimental data. Digital realizations sampled from the constructed PC representations based on both schemes capture the observed statistical characteristics of the experimental data with sufficient accuracy. The relative advantages and disadvantages of the two proposed techniques are also highlighted. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Das, Sonjoy; Ghanem, Roger] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Finette, Steven] USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Das, S (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Kaprielian Hall 210, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM sdas@usc.edu; ghanem@usc.edu; steve.finette@nrl.navy.mil RI Das, Sonjoy/A-8568-2009; Ghanem, Roger/B-8570-2008 OI Ghanem, Roger/0000-0002-1890-920X NR 50 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD DEC 10 PY 2009 VL 228 IS 23 BP 8726 EP 8751 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2009.08.025 PG 26 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 518DS UT WOS:000271671100012 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Lee, YS Rothman, RB Dersch, CM Deschamps, JR Jacobson, AE Rice, KC AF Zhang, Yi Lee, Yong Sok Rothman, Richard B. Dersch, Christina M. Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Jacobson, Arthur E. Rice, Kenner C. TI Probes for Narcotic Receptor Mediated Phenomena. 39. Enantiomeric N-Substituted Benzofuro[2,3-c]pyridin-6-ols: Synthesis and Topological Relationship to Oxide-Bridged Phenylmorphans SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PHENETHYL ANALOGS; AFFINITY; ISOMERS; INVERSION AB Enantiomers of N-substituted benzofuro[2,3-c]pyridin-6-ols have been synthesized, and the subnanomolar affinity and potent agonist activity of the known racemic N-phenethyl substituted benzofuro[2,3-c]pyridin-6-ol can now be ascribed to the 4aS,9aR enantiomer. The energy-minimized structures suggest that the active enantiomer bears a greater three-dimensional resemblance to morphine than to an ostensibly structurally similar oxide-bridged phenylmorphan. Structural features of the conformers of N-substituted benzofuro[2,3-c]pyridin-6-ols were compared to provide the rationale for their binding affinity. C1 [Zhang, Yi; Jacobson, Arthur E.; Rice, Kenner C.] NIDA, Drug Design & Synth Sect, Chem Biol Res Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Zhang, Yi; Jacobson, Arthur E.; Rice, Kenner C.] NIAAA, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Rothman, Richard B.; Dersch, Christina M.] NIDA, Clin Psychopharmacol Sect, Chem Biol Res Branch, Addict Res Ctr,NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lee, Yong Sok] NIH, Ctr Mol Modeling, Div Computat Biosci, CIT,DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Rice, KC (reprint author), NIDA, Drug Design & Synth Sect, Chem Biol Res Branch, 5625 Fishers Lane,Room 4N03, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM kr21f@nih.gov OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010 FU National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) [Y1-DA6002]; National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; NIH Intramural Research Program through the Center for Information Technology FX The research of the Drug Design and Synthesis Section, CBRB, NIDA and NIAAA, was supported by the NIH Intramural Research Programs of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA),and the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, and NIDA supported the research of the Clinical Psychopharmacology Section. We thank Dr. John Lloyd (NIDDK) for the mass spectral data, Dr. Amy Newman (NIDA) for the use of her laboratory for some of this work, and NIDA for Support Of the X-ray crystallographic studies (NIDA Contract Y1-DA6002). The quantum chemical study utilized PC/Linux clusters at the Center for Molecular Modeling of the NIH (http://cit.nih.gov), and this research was Supported by the NIH Intramural Research Program through the Center for Information Technology. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD DEC 10 PY 2009 VL 52 IS 23 BP 7570 EP 7579 DI 10.1021/jm9004225 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 527AK UT WOS:000272338000024 PM 19627147 ER PT J AU Haefele, A De Wachter, E Hocke, K Kampfer, N Nedoluha, GE Gomez, RM Eriksson, P Forkman, P Lambert, A Schwartz, MJ AF Haefele, A. De Wachter, E. Hocke, K. Kaempfer, N. Nedoluha, G. E. Gomez, R. M. Eriksson, P. Forkman, P. Lambert, A. Schwartz, M. J. TI Validation of ground-based microwave radiometers at 22 GHz for stratospheric and mesospheric water vapor SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID SPECTRAL-LINE CATALOG; MILLIMETER; SUBMILLIMETER; TEMPERATURE; RETRIEVAL; SATELLITE AB We present a detailed intercomparison of five ground-based 22 GHz microwave radiometers for stratospheric and mesospheric water vapor. Four of these instruments are members of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC). The global measurements of middle atmospheric water vapor of the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) onboard the Aura satellite serve as reference and allow intercomparison of the ground-based systems that are located between 45 degrees S and 57 degrees N. The retrievals of water vapor profiles from the ground-based radiation measurements have been made consistent to a large extent: for the required temperature profiles, we used the global temperature measurements of MLS and we agreed on one common set of spectroscopic parameters. The agreement with the reference measurements is better than +/- 8% in the altitude range from 0.01 to 3 hPa. Strong correlation is found between the ground-based and the reference data in the mesosphere with respect to seasonal cycle and planetary waves. In the stratosphere the measurements are generally more noisy and become sensitive to instrumental instabilities toward lower levels (pressures greater than 3 hPa). We further present a compilation of a NDACC data set based on the retrieval parameters described herein but using a temperature climatology derived from the MLS record. This makes the ground-based measurements independent of additional information and allows extension of the data set for years in a homogeneous manner. C1 [Haefele, A.; De Wachter, E.; Hocke, K.; Kaempfer, N.] Univ Bern, Inst Appl Phys, Dept Microwave Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Hocke, K.; Kaempfer, N.] Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Nedoluha, G. E.; Gomez, R. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Eriksson, P.; Forkman, P.] Chalmers, Dept Radio & Space Sci, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Lambert, A.; Schwartz, M. J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Haefele, A (reprint author), Univ Bern, Inst Appl Phys, Dept Microwave Phys, Sidlerstr 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. EM haefele@iap.unibe.ch RI Eriksson, Patrick/A-5321-2009; Schwartz, Michael/F-5172-2016 OI Eriksson, Patrick/0000-0002-8475-0479; Schwartz, Michael/0000-0001-6169-5094 FU Swiss National Science foundation [200020-115882/1]; MeteoSwiss within GAW; European Commission [FOP6-2005-Global-4-036677]; NASA FX This work has been supported by the Swiss National Science foundation under grant 200020-115882/1 as well as through the project SHOMING financed by MeteoSwiss within GAW. We acknowledge the support of the European Commission through the GEOMON Integrated Project under the 6th Framework Program (contract FOP6-2005-Global-4-036677) and the support by NASA under the Upper Atmosphere Research Program and by the Naval Research Laboratory. We also would like to thank the teams at Lauder, Mauna Loa, and Seoul for their technical support to run the instruments. Work at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, was carried out under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 31 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD DEC 8 PY 2009 VL 114 AR D23305 DI 10.1029/2009JD011997 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 532AC UT WOS:000272714200001 ER PT J AU Kim, CS Kim, M Bewley, WW Lindle, JR Canedy, CL Abell, J Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR AF Kim, C. S. Kim, M. Bewley, W. W. Lindle, J. R. Canedy, C. L. Abell, J. Vurgaftman, I. Meyer, J. R. TI Corrugated-sidewall interband cascade lasers with single-mode midwave-infrared emission at room temperature SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THERMOELECTRIC COOLER TEMPERATURES; NARROW-RIDGE; HIGH-POWER AB We report interband cascade lasers operating in a single spectral mode (lambda approximate to 3.6 mu m) at -5-30 degrees C. A corrugated pattern etched into both sidewalls of the 6- and 9-mu m-wide ridges serves to suppress higher-order lateral modes by increasing their loss, and also provides a fourth-order distributed-feedback grating for longitudinal mode selection. Despite the grating's weak coupling strength, the 9 mu m ridge produced up to 12 mW per facet of single-mode cw output power at 25 degrees C, with a side-mode suppression ratio of >30 dB. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3272676] C1 [Kim, C. S.; Kim, M.; Bewley, W. W.; Lindle, J. R.; Canedy, C. L.; Abell, J.; Vurgaftman, I.; Meyer, J. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kim, CS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil NR 12 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD DEC 7 PY 2009 VL 95 IS 23 AR 231103 DI 10.1063/1.3272676 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 530YA UT WOS:000272627700003 ER PT J AU Haycraft, JJ AF Haycraft, James J. TI The elastic constants and related properties of the epsilon polymorph of the energetic material CL-20 determined by Brillouin scattering SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-SCATTERING; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; TEMPERATURE; SENSITIVITY; FILMS; HNIW AB The acoustic phonons of the epsilon polymorph of 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazatetracyclo [5.5.0.0(5,9).0(3,11)] dodecane (epsilon-CL-20) have been studied using Brillouin scattering spectroscopy. Analysis of the acoustic phonon velocities allowed determination of the complete stiffness tensor for this energetic material. The results are compared to a theoretical determination of the epsilon-CL-20 elastic constants, bulk moduli, and shear moduli. The observed ordering of elastic constants, C(22) > C(33) > C(11), is noted to be different from other nitramine energetic materials. Finally, the elasticity of epsilon-CL-20 is compared to recently published reports on cyclotrimethylene trinitramine's (RDX) elasticity and the beta polymorph of cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine's (beta-HMX) elasticity. [doi: 10.1063/1.3244981] C1 Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, Energet Res Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Haycraft, JJ (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, Energet Res Div, Code 474300D, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM james.j.haycraft@navy.mil FU NAVAIR ILIR program FX This work was sponsored by the NAVAIR ILIR program, managed at ONR by the N*Star program (Naval S&T for America's Readiness). The author wishes to thank A. Chafin and R. Hollins for providing crystalline CL-20 samples, and R. Albro, J. Davis, M. Decker, A. Nelson, and L. Stevens for technical assistance. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD DEC 7 PY 2009 VL 131 IS 21 AR 214501 DI 10.1063/1.3244981 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 529CV UT WOS:000272494300017 PM 19968345 ER PT J AU Schermer, RT Bucholtz, F Villarruel, CA Gil, JG Andreadis, TD Williams, KJ AF Schermer, Ross T. Bucholtz, Frank Villarruel, Carl A. Gil, Jesus Gil Andreadis, Tim D. Williams, Keith J. TI Investigation of electrooptic modulator disruption by microwave-induced transients SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID PROPAGATION AB This paper presents a detailed investigation of the physical mechanisms underlying the disruption of a lithium niobate electrooptic modulator by RF pulses. It is shown that short-term modulator disruption is a direct consequence of resistive heating within the metal conductor of the coplanar waveguide electrode, which leads to a thermo-optic optical phase shift in the waveguides of the modulator. Resistive heating is also shown to contribute to permanent modulator damage at higher RF power. These results indicate that short-term RF disruption, and possibly RF damage, can be mitigated through improved thermal management. They also predict that short-term photonic link disruption can be reduced, if not eliminated, by use of a phase modulated photonic link. C1 [Schermer, Ross T.; Bucholtz, Frank; Villarruel, Carl A.; Gil, Jesus Gil; Andreadis, Tim D.; Williams, Keith J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Schermer, RT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU DARPA FX This work was sponsored by DARPA. The authors would like to thank Marc Currie and Nicholas J. Condon for helpful discussions on nonlinear optic and thermal phenomena. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD DEC 7 PY 2009 VL 17 IS 25 BP 22586 EP 22602 DI 10.1364/OE.17.022586 PG 17 WC Optics SC Optics GA 532PG UT WOS:000272761300035 PM 20052184 ER PT J AU Nedoluha, GE Gomez, RM Hicks, BC Wrotny, JE Boone, C Lambert, A AF Nedoluha, Gerald E. Gomez, R. Michael Hicks, Brian C. Wrotny, Jonathan E. Boone, Chris Lambert, Alyn TI Water vapor measurements in the mesosphere from Mauna Loa over solar cycle 23 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID HALOGEN OCCULTATION EXPERIMENT; MILLIMETER-WAVE SPECTROMETER; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; VALIDATION; OZONE; TEMPERATURE; RETRIEVAL; TRANSPORT; SATELLITE; CLOUDS AB The Water Vapor Millimeter-wave Spectrometer (WVMS) system has been making measurements from the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change site at Mauna Loa, Hawaii (19.5 degrees N, 204.4 degrees E), since 1996, covering nearly the complete period of solar cycle 23. The WVMS measurements are compared with Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) (1992-2005), Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) (2004 to present), and Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) Fourier transform spectrometer (2004 to present) measurements in the mesosphere. In the upper mesosphere Lyman alpha radiation photodissociates water vapor; hence, water vapor in the upper mesosphere varies with the solar cycle. We calculate fits to the WVMS and HALOE water vapor data in this region using the Lasp Interactive Solar Irradiance Datacenter Lyman alpha data set. This is, to our knowledge, the only published validation of the sensitivity of HALOE water vapor measurements to the solar cycle, and the HALOE and WVMS water vapor measurements show a very similar sensitivity to the solar cycle. Once the solar cycle variations are taken into account, the primary water vapor variations at all of these altitudes from 1992 to the present are an increase from 1992 to 1996, a maximum in water vapor in 1996, and small changes from 1997 to the present. Measurements from 2004 to 2008, which are available from WVMS, MLS, and ACE, show not only good agreement in interannual variations but also excellent agreement in their absolute measurements (to within better than 3%) of the water vapor mixing ratio from 50 to 80 km. C1 [Nedoluha, Gerald E.; Gomez, R. Michael; Hicks, Brian C.; Wrotny, Jonathan E.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Boone, Chris] Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Lambert, Alyn] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Nedoluha, GE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7227,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM nedoluha@nrl.navy.mil FU Canadian Space Agency; NASA; Naval Research Laboratory FX We wish to thank S. McDermid, D. Walsh, and T. LeBlanc at Mauna Loa for their technical assistance. Thanks also to the HALOE team for making their data readily available and to E. Remsberg for helpful discussions on HALOE data. Work at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, was carried out under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Work at the University of Waterloo was funded by the Canadian Space Agency. This project was funded by NASA under the Upper Atmosphere Research Program and by the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD DEC 4 PY 2009 VL 114 AR D23303 DI 10.1029/2009JD012504 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 528KO UT WOS:000272443900005 ER PT J AU Saenz, AW AF Saenz, A. W. TI Determination of stresses from their stress trajectories in plane elastic systems: the five constant theorem SO ACTA MECHANICA LA English DT Article ID PRINCIPAL STRESSES; ORIENTATIONS AB Let K be a cylindrical region of finite height, having a generator parallel to the z-axis and a bounded, simply connected cross section S whose boundary is a sufficiently smooth Jordan curve. Moreover, let the material in K be elastic and isotropic, and in a state of plane stress or plane strain of elastic equilibrium, under the action of a conservative, z-independent body-force field and appropriate boundary tractions. We prove that at each z the principal stress-trajectory net corresponding to the stresses tau (xx) , tau (xy) , tau (yy) is a 2-5 real-parameter family, as conjectured by Nem,nyi. C1 [Saenz, A. W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Saenz, A. W.] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Saenz, AW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM saenz@dave.nrl.navy.mil NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0001-5970 J9 ACTA MECH JI Acta Mech. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 208 IS 3-4 BP 215 EP 225 DI 10.1007/s00707-008-0118-3 PG 11 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 509NM UT WOS:000271024700006 ER PT J AU Smith, B Wong, CA Smith, TC Boyko, EJ Gackstetter, GD Ryan, MAK AF Smith, Besa Wong, Charlene A. Smith, Tyler C. Boyko, Edward J. Gackstetter, Gary D. Ryan, Margaret A. K. CA Millennium Cohort Study Team TI Newly Reported Respiratory Symptoms and Conditions Among Military Personnel Deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan: A Prospective Population-based Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE longitudinal studies; lung diseases; military personnel; signs and symptoms; respiratory ID GULF-WAR VETERANS; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; CHARACTERIZING MINERAL DUSTS; MILLENNIUM COHORT; HEALTH-STATUS; US MILITARY; OCCUPATIONAL DUST; EXPOSURE; PREVALENCE; ILLNESS AB Concerns about respiratory conditions have surfaced among persons deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan. Data on 46,077 Millennium Cohort Study participants who completed baseline (July 2001-June 2003) and follow-up (June 2004-February 2006) questionnaires were used to investigate 1) respiratory symptoms (persistent or recurring cough or shortness of breath), 2) chronic bronchitis or emphysema, and 3) asthma. Deployers had a higher rate of newly reported respiratory symptoms than nondeployers (14% vs. 10%), while similar rates of chronic bronchitis or emphysema (1% vs. 1%) and asthma (1% vs. 1%) were observed. Deployment was associated with respiratory symptoms in both Army (adjusted odds ratio = 1.73, 95% confidence interval: 1.57, 1.91) and Marine Corps (adjusted odds ratio = 1.49, 95% confidence interval: 1.06, 2.08) personnel, independently of smoking status. Deployment length was linearly associated with increased symptom reporting in Army personnel (P < 0.0001). Among deployers, elevated odds of symptoms were associated with land-based deployment as compared with sea-based deployment. Although respiratory symptoms were associated with deployment, inconsistency in risk with cumulative exposure time suggests that specific exposures rather than deployment in general are determinants of postdeployment respiratory illness. Significant associations seen with land-based deployment also imply that exposures related to ground combat may be important. C1 [Smith, Besa; Wong, Charlene A.; Smith, Tyler C.] USN, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Boyko, Edward J.] Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Dept Vet Affairs Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Seattle, WA USA. [Gackstetter, Gary D.] Analyt Serv Inc, Arlington, VA USA. [Gackstetter, Gary D.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Ryan, Margaret A. K.] USN, Dept Occupat Hlth, Hosp Camp Pendleton, Camp Pendleton, CA USA. RP Smith, B (reprint author), USN, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM besa.smith@med.navy.mil FU US Department of Defense; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, Maryland.; [NHRC.2000.007] FX This research (Naval Health Research Center report 08-33) was supported by the US Department of Defense and was conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (protocol NHRC.2000.007). Additional support was provided by the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, Maryland. NR 47 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 170 IS 11 BP 1433 EP 1442 DI 10.1093/aje/kwp287 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 523JR UT WOS:000272069900014 PM 19850627 ER PT J AU Kiefer, D Keeler, S Peltier, M Muscat, J Rust, O Hanna, N Vintzileos, A AF Kiefer, Daniel Keeler, Sean Peltier, Morgan Muscat, Jolene Rust, Orion Hanna, Nazeeh Vintzileos, Anthony TI Cytokine inflammatory score predicts pregnancy outcome in women with midtrimester short cervix SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Maternal-Fetal-Medicine CY FEB 01-06, 2010 CL Chicago, IL SP Soc Maternal Fetal Med, Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Obstetrics & Gynecology C1 [Kiefer, Daniel; Muscat, Jolene] Stony Brook Winthrop Univ Hosp, Long Isl City, NY USA. [Keeler, Sean] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Peltier, Morgan; Hanna, Nazeeh; Vintzileos, Anthony] Winthrop Univ Hosp, Mineola, NY 11501 USA. [Rust, Orion] Lehigh Valley Hlth Network, Allentown, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 201 IS 6 SU 1 MA 123 BP S60 EP S61 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 621FA UT WOS:000279559500123 ER PT J AU Kiefer, D Keeler, S Rust, O Demishev, M Muscat, J Bornstein, E Hanna, N AF Kiefer, Daniel Keeler, Sean Rust, Orion Demishev, Michael Muscat, Jolene Bornstein, Eran Hanna, Nazeeh TI Is fetal fibronectin (FFN) a marker of intra-amniotic inflammation in patients with midtrimester short cervix? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Maternal-Fetal-Medicine CY FEB 01-06, 2010 CL Chicago, IL SP Soc Maternal Fetal Med, Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Obstetrics & Gynecology C1 [Kiefer, Daniel; Demishev, Michael; Muscat, Jolene] Stony Brook Winthrop Univ Hosp, Long Isl City, NY USA. [Keeler, Sean] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Rust, Orion] Lehigh Valley Hlth Network, Allentown, PA USA. [Bornstein, Eran] NYU, New York, NY USA. [Hanna, Nazeeh] Winthrop Univ Hosp, Mineola, NY 11501 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 201 IS 6 SU 1 MA 122 BP S60 EP S60 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 621FA UT WOS:000279559500122 ER PT J AU Kiefer, D Peltier, M Keeler, S Rust, O Ananth, C Hanna, N Vintzileos, A AF Kiefer, Daniel Peltier, Morgan Keeler, Sean Rust, Orion Ananth, Cande Hanna, Nazeeh Vintzileos, Anthony TI Does intra-amniotic inflammation influence pregnancy outcome after cerclage or progesterone (17OHP-C) therapy for midtrimester short cervix? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Maternal-Fetal-Medicine CY FEB 01-06, 2010 CL Chicago, IL SP Soc Maternal Fetal Med C1 [Kiefer, Daniel] Stony Brook Winthrop Univ Hosp, Long Isl City, NY USA. [Peltier, Morgan; Hanna, Nazeeh; Vintzileos, Anthony] Winthrop Univ Hosp, Mineola, NY 11501 USA. [Keeler, Sean] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Rust, Orion] Lehigh Valley Hlth Network, Allentown, PA USA. [Ananth, Cande] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 201 IS 6 SU 1 MA 124 BP S61 EP S61 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 621FA UT WOS:000279559500124 ER PT J AU Denardo, BC Puda, JJ Larraza, A AF Denardo, Bruce C. Puda, Joshua J. Larraza, Andres TI A water wave analog of the Casimir effect SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Casimir effect; surface tension; surface waves (fluid); water waves ID RADIATION PRESSURE; HYDRODYNAMIC SOLITON; FORCE; VACUUM AB Two rigid plates are vertically suspended by thread such that they are parallel to and opposite each other. The plates are partially submerged in a dish of liquid that is attached to the top of a vertical shake table. When the shake table is driven with noise in a frequency band, random surface waves are parametrically excited, and the plates move toward each other. The reason for this attraction is that the waves carry momentum, and the wave motion between the plates is visibly reduced. The behavior is analogous to the Casimir effect, in which two conducting uncharged parallel plates attract each other due to the zero-point spectrum of electromagnetic radiation. The water wave analog can be readily demonstrated and offers a visual demonstration of a Casimir-type effect. Measurements of the force agree with the water wave theory even at large wave amplitudes, where the theory is expected to break down. The water wave analog applies to side-by-side ships in a rough sea and is distinct from the significant attraction that can be caused by a strong swell. C1 [Denardo, Bruce C.; Puda, Joshua J.; Larraza, Andres] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Denardo, BC (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM denardo@nps.edu NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICS TEACHERS AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 77 IS 12 BP 1095 EP 1101 DI 10.1119/1.3211416 PG 7 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA 521HN UT WOS:000271911400001 ER PT J AU Smith, BR AF Smith, B. R., Jr. TI First-order partial differential equations in classical dynamics SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE calculus; harmonic oscillators; physics education; Poisson equation AB Carathegraveodory's classic work on the calculus of variations explores in depth the connection between ordinary differential equations and first-order partial differential equations. The n second-order ordinary differential equations of a classical dynamical system reduce to a single first-order differential equation in 2n independent variables. The general solution of first-order partial differential equations touches on many concepts central to graduate-level courses in analytical dynamics including the Hamiltonian, Lagrange and Poisson brackets, and the Hamilton-Jacobi equation. For all but the simplest dynamical systems the solution requires one or more of these techniques. Three elementary dynamical problems (uniform acceleration, harmonic motion, and cyclotron motion) can be solved directly from the appropriate first-order partial differential equation without the use of advanced methods. The process offers an unusual perspective on classical dynamics, which is readily accessible to intermediate students who are not yet fully conversant with advanced approaches. C1 [Smith, B. R., Jr.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Smith, B. R., Jr.] Anne Arundel Community Coll, Dept Phys Sci, Arnold, MD 21012 USA. RP Smith, BR (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM brsmith@usna.edu NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICS TEACHERS AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 77 IS 12 BP 1147 EP 1153 DI 10.1119/1.3223358 PG 7 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA 521HN UT WOS:000271911400010 ER PT J AU Hawksworth, JS Stojadinovic, A Gage, FA Tadaki, DK Perdue, PW Forsberg, J Davis, TA Dunne, JR Denobile, JW Brown, TS Elster, EA AF Hawksworth, Jason S. Stojadinovic, Alexander Gage, Frederick A. Tadaki, Doug K. Perdue, Philip W. Forsberg, Jonathan Davis, Thomas A. Dunne, James R. Denobile, John W. Brown, Trevor S. Elster, Eric A. TI Inflammatory Biomarkers in Combat Wound Healing SO ANNALS OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM; HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; EXTREMITY WOUNDS; ENDURING FREEDOM; INJURIES; FAILURE; BLAST; INTERLEUKIN-6; MECHANISMS; EXPRESSION AB Background: Modem war ballistics and blast injuries inflict devastating extremity injuries, violating soft tissue, bone, and neurovascular structures. Despite advances in complex wound management, appropriate timing of war wound closure remains subjective. In addition, the pathophysiology of acute wound failure is poorly defined. Methods: Patients with penetrating extremity wounds sustained during combat were prospectively studied and followed for 30 days after definitive wound closure. The primary outcome was wound healing. Wound dehiscence was defined as spontaneous partial or complete wound disruption after closure. Serum, wound effluent, and wound bed tissue biopsy were collected at each surgical wound debridement. Serum and wound effluent were analyzed with a multiplex array of 22 cytokines and chemokines, and wound tissue for corresponding gene transcript expression. Results: Fifty-two penetrating extremity war wounds in 33 male patients were investigated. Nine (17%) wounds dehisced. Concomitant vascular injury, increased wound size, and higher injury severity score correlated with wound dehiscence. Both serum and wound effluent cytokine and chemokine protein profiles were statistically associated with healing outcome at various time points. Wound biopsy gene transcript expression demonstrated increased tissue inflammation associated with wound failure. Multiple protein and gene transcript biomarkers predictive of wound healing were identified. Conclusions: The cytokine and chemokine protein and gene transcript expression patterns demonstrate a condition of inflammatory dysregulation associated with war wound failure. A molecular biomarker panel may predict combat wound healing outcome and warrants prospective validation. C1 [Hawksworth, Jason S.; Gage, Frederick A.; Tadaki, Doug K.; Forsberg, Jonathan; Davis, Thomas A.; Brown, Trevor S.; Elster, Eric A.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Dept Regenerat Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Hawksworth, Jason S.; Stojadinovic, Alexander] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Stojadinovic, Alexander; Forsberg, Jonathan; Elster, Eric A.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Perdue, Philip W.; Dunne, James R.; Denobile, John W.; Elster, Eric A.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. [Forsberg, Jonathan] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Bethesda, MD USA. [Forsberg, Jonathan] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC USA. RP Elster, EA (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Dept Regenerat Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM eric.elster@med.navy.mil FU US Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery [PE 0604771N] FX Supported (in part) by the US Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery under the Medical Development Program (PE 0604771N). Office of Naval Research work unit number 604771N.0933.001.A0604. NR 36 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0003-4932 J9 ANN SURG JI Ann. Surg. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 250 IS 6 BP 1002 EP 1007 DI 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181b248d9 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 526SM UT WOS:000272313700023 PM 19953718 ER PT J AU Tomita, SS Wojtczak, H Pickard, R Vazquez, WD AF Tomita, Sandra S. Wojtczak, Henry Pickard, Ralph Vazquez, W. David TI Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation and Bronchogenic Cyst in a 4-Month-Old Infant SO ANNALS OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article DE congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation; bronchogenic cyst; foregut duplication cyst; foregut cyst ID ESOPHAGEAL DUPLICATION CYST; BRONCHIAL ATRESIA; BRONCHOPULMONARY SEQUESTRATION; EXTRALOBAR SEQUESTRATION; LUNG LESIONS; COMMON; CHILDREN AB Congenital cystic disease of the lung and mediastinum encompasses a continuum of entities, and a histological overlap of many of these anomalies is acknowledged. Moreover, it is possible for different lesions to coexist in the same patient. Careful evaluation prior to surgical resection will alert the surgeon to the possible presence of multiple lesions in one patient. (Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009; 15: 394-396) C1 [Tomita, Sandra S.; Vazquez, W. David] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Div Pediat Surg, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Wojtczak, Henry] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Pediat Pulmonol Div, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Pickard, Ralph] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Tomita, SS (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MEDICAL TRIBUNE INC PI CHIYODA-KU PA ED COMM ANNALS THORACIC CARDIOVASCULAR SURG, 2-1 NIBANCHO, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO 102-0084, JAPAN SN 1341-1098 J9 ANN THORAC CARDIOVAS JI Ann. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 15 IS 6 BP 394 EP 396 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Surgery GA 538TU UT WOS:000273207700008 PM 20081749 ER PT J AU Kwon, YW Marron, A AF Kwon, Y. W. Marron, A. TI Scarf Joints of Composite Materials: Testing and Analysis SO APPLIED COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Scarf joints; Interface strength; Hybrid composite; Mixed mode fracture AB The objective of this study is to develop a reliable computational model in order to investigate joint strengths of scarf joint configurations constructed from carbon-fiber and glass-fiber woven fabric laminates with different material combinations like glass/glass, glass/carbon, carbon/glass, and carbon/carbon under various loading conditions such as axial, bending moment and shear loading. Both experimental and computational studies are conducted. For the experimental study, specimens made of hybrid scarf joints using carbon-fiber and glass-fiber woven fabrics are tested under compressive loadings to determine their joint failure strengths. Computational models are then developed using the discrete resin layer model along with fracture mechanics and virtual crack closure techniques. The numerical models are validated against the experimental data. The validate models are used to predict the joint strengths under different loading conditions such as axial, shear, and bending moment loadings. C1 [Kwon, Y. W.; Marron, A.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kwon, YW (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ywkwon@nps.edu FU Naval Surface Warfare Center at Carderock Division FX The authors acknowledge D. C. Loup, S. Bartlett, and E. A. Rasmussen with Naval Surface Warfare Center at Carderock Division for their support and valuable discussion. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-189X J9 APPL COMPOS MATER JI Appl. Compos. Mater. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 16 IS 6 BP 365 EP 378 DI 10.1007/s10443-009-9104-8 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 522DN UT WOS:000271978100003 ER PT J AU Zhuang, Y Ural, SO Gosain, R Tuncdemir, S Amin, A Uchino, K AF Zhuang, Yuan Ural, Seyit O. Gosain, Rohan Tuncdemir, Safakcan Amin, Ahmed Uchino, Kenji TI High Power Piezoelectric Transformers with Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3-PbTiO3 Single Crystals SO APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID GROWTH AB Plate-shaped piezoelectric transformers were designed and manufactured with Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3-PbTiO3 single crystals (PMN-PT). Theoretical analysis was performed using Mason's equivalent circuit model and finite element method (FEM) simulations. In the experiment, transformer performances, especially the power density, were compared among different materials, including lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics, undoped PMN-PT, and manganese-doped PMN-PT (Mn-PMN-PT). High power density of 38 W/cm(3) was obtained using single crystals, which was 5 times that of hard PZT ceramics. The power level of the single crystal transformer showed a significant dependence on doping, poling direction, and cutting orientation. Results also verified that the high power performance was mainly determined by the electromechanical coupling coefficient and mechanical quality factor of the material. (C) 2009 The Japan Society of Applied Physics DOI: 10.1143/APEX.2.121402 C1 [Zhuang, Yuan; Ural, Seyit O.; Gosain, Rohan; Tuncdemir, Safakcan; Uchino, Kenji] Penn State Univ, Int Ctr Actuators & Transducers, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Amin, Ahmed] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Zhuang, Y (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Int Ctr Actuators & Transducers, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM yuz128@psu.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-08-1-0912] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Office of Naval Research for supporting this project through Contract N00014-08-1-0912. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 13 PU JAPAN SOC APPLIED PHYSICS PI TOKYO PA KUDAN-KITA BUILDING 5TH FLOOR, 1-12-3 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0073, JAPAN SN 1882-0778 J9 APPL PHYS EXPRESS JI Appl. Phys. Express PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 12 AR 121402 DI 10.1143/APEX.2.121402 PG 2 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 541KC UT WOS:000273412700009 ER PT J AU McLay, RN Spira, JL AF McLay, Robert N. Spira, James L. TI Use of a Portable Biofeedback Device to Improve Insomnia in a Combat Zone, a Case Report SO APPLIED PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY AND BIOFEEDBACK LA English DT Article DE Anxiety; Combat disorders; Depression; Post traumatic stress disorder; Sleep; War ID SLEEP; VARIABILITY; DISORDER; PTSD; WAR AB Insomnia is a common problem in situations of stress. Some forms of stress, however, may contraindicate the use of traditional, pharmacological interventions. Working in a combat zone is such a situation. Alternative means of improving sleep are clearly needed for Service Members. We report a case involving a medical provider who was serving in a military, emergency-services facility in Iraq, and who presented with anxiety, depressed mood, and insomnia. Symptoms were sub-threshold for major depressive disorder or acute stress disorder. Mood and anxiety symptoms responded to traditional therapy techniques, but problems with insomnia remained. The patient was given a portable biofeedback device that employs an infrared sensor photoplethysmograph to measure heart rate variability (HRV) from peripheral finger pulse. One week later, sleep was significantly improved. Symptom improvement lasted to at least 6 weeks while in theater. One year later, a check-in with the patient revealed that after returning home, he had been diagnosed with post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD symptoms had resolved after 6 months of psychopharmacology and cognitive behavioral therapy. These results indicate that biofeedback may be a useful means of improving sleep in a combat zone, but that such improvements may not necessarily prevent the development of more serious symptoms later. No clear causality can be inferred from a single case, and further study is needed to determine if this finding have wider applicability. C1 [McLay, Robert N.; Spira, James L.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Spira, James L.] RTI Internat, Unit 5, San Diego, CA 92130 USA. [McLay, Robert N.] Naval Medical Center San Diego, Clin Investigat Department KCA, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP McLay, RN (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM rmclay1@yahoo.com NR 16 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 13 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-0586 J9 APPL PSYCHOPHYS BIOF JI Appl. Psychophysiol. Biofeedback PD DEC PY 2009 VL 34 IS 4 BP 319 EP 321 DI 10.1007/s10484-009-9104-3 PG 3 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 524QR UT WOS:000272158300008 PM 19655243 ER PT J AU Klenk, M Forbus, K AF Klenk, Matthew Forbus, Ken TI Analogical model formulation for transfer learning in AP Physics SO ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE Transfer learning; Analogical reasoning; Model formulation; Case-based reasoning ID ACQUISITION; EVENTS AB Transfer learning is the ability to apply previously learned knowledge to new problems or domains. In qualitative reasoning, model formulation is the process of moving from the unruly, broad set of concepts used in everyday life to a concise, formal vocabulary of abstractions, assumptions, causal relationships, and models that support problem-solving. Approaching transfer learning from a model formulation perspective, we found that analogy with examples can be used to learn how to solve AP Physics style problems. We call this process analogical model formulation and implement it in the Companion cognitive architecture. A Companion begins with some basic mathematical skills, a broad common sense ontology, and some qualitative mechanics, but no equations. The Companion uses worked solutions, explanations of example problems at the level of detail appearing in textbooks, to learn what equations are relevant, how to use them, and the assumptions necessary to solve physics problems. We present an experiment, conducted by the Educational Testing Service, demonstrating that analogical model formulation enables a Companion to learn to solve AP Physics style problems. Across six different variations of relationships between base and target problems, or transfer levels, a Companion exhibited a 63% improvement in initial performance. While already a significant result, we describe an in-depth analysis of this experiment to pinpoint the causes of failures. Interestingly, the sources of failures were primarily due to errors in the externally generated problem and worked solution representations as well as some domain-specific problem-solving strategies, not analogical model formulation. To verify this, we describe a second experiment which was performed after fixing these problems. In this second experiment, a Companion achieved a 95.8% improvement in initial performance due to transfer, which is nearly perfect. We know of no other problem-solving experiments which demonstrate performance of analogical learning over systematic variations of relationships between problems at this scale. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Klenk, Matthew; Forbus, Ken] Northwestern Univ, Qualitat Reasoning Grp, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Klenk, M (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM matthew.klenk.ctr@nrl.navy.mil RI Forbus, Kenneth/B-7146-2009 NR 47 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0004-3702 J9 ARTIF INTELL JI Artif. Intell. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 173 IS 18 BP 1615 EP 1638 DI 10.1016/j.artint.2009.09.003 PG 24 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA 526PN UT WOS:000272304200004 ER PT J AU Benedict, GF McArthur, BE Napiwotzki, R Harrison, TE Harris, HC Nelan, E Bond, HE Patterson, RJ Ciardullo, R AF Benedict, G. Fritz McArthur, Barbara E. Napiwotzki, Ralf Harrison, Thomas E. Harris, Hugh C. Nelan, Edmund Bond, Howard E. Patterson, Richard J. Ciardullo, Robin TI ASTROMETRY WITH THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE: TRIGONOMETRIC PARALLAXES OF PLANETARY NEBULA NUCLEI NGC 6853, NGC 7293, ABELL 31, AND DeHt 5 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrometry; planetary nebulae: general; stars: distances; stars: fundamental parameters; white dwarfs ID FINE GUIDANCE SENSOR; DA WHITE-DWARFS; BALMER LINE PROBLEM; CENTRAL STARS; INTERFEROMETRIC ASTROMETRY; OLD PLANETARIES; CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES; PROXIMA CENTAURI; SIRIUS-B; MASS AB We present absolute parallaxes and relative proper motions for the central stars of the planetary nebulae NGC 6853 (The Dumbbell), NGC 7293 (The Helix), Abell 31, and DeHt 5. This paper details our reduction and analysis using DeHt 5 as an example. We obtain these planetary nebula nuclei (PNNi) parallaxes with astrometric data from Fine Guidance Sensors FGS 1r and FGS 3, white-light interferometers on the Hubble Space Telescope. Proper motions, spectral classifications and VJHKT(2)M and DDO51 photometry of the stars comprising the astrometric reference frames provide spectrophotometric estimates of reference star absolute parallaxes. Introducing these into our model as observations with error, we determine absolute parallaxes for each PNN. Weighted averaging with previous independent parallax measurements yields an average parallax precision, sigma(pi)/pi = 5%. Derived distances are: d(NGC6853) = 405(-25)(+28) pc, d(NGC7293) = 216(-12)(+14) pc, d(Abell 31) = 621(-70)(+91) pc, and d(DeHt 5) = 345(-17)(+19) pc. These PNNi distances are all smaller than previously derived from spectroscopic analyses of the central stars. To obtain absolute magnitudes from these distances requires estimates of interstellar extinction. We average extinction measurements culled from the literature, from reddening based on PNNi intrinsic colors derived from model SEDs, and an assumption that each PNN experiences the same rate of extinction as a function of distance as do the reference stars nearest (in angular separation) to each central star. We also apply Lutz-Kelker bias corrections. The absolute magnitudes and effective temperatures permit estimates of PNNi radii through both the Stefan-Boltzmann relation and Eddington fluxes. Comparing absolute magnitudes with post-AGB models provides mass estimates. Masses cluster around 0.57 M-circle dot, close to the peak of the white dwarf mass distribution. Adding a few more PNNi with well-determined distances and masses, we compare all the PNNi with cooler white dwarfs of similar mass, and confirm, as expected, that PNNi have larger radii than white dwarfs that have reached their final cooling tracks. C1 [Benedict, G. Fritz; McArthur, Barbara E.] Univ Texas Austin, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Napiwotzki, Ralf] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, STRI, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Harrison, Thomas E.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Astron, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Harris, Hugh C.] USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Nelan, Edmund; Bond, Howard E.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Patterson, Richard J.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Ciardullo, Robin] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Benedict, GF (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RI Patterson, Richard/F-5690-2013 OI Patterson, Richard/0000-0003-1494-8399 FU NASA [NAG5-1603, GO-10432, GO-10611, NAS5-26555]; NSF FX Support for this work was provided by NASA through grants NAG5-1603, GO-10432, and GO-10611 from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by AURA, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. These results are based partially on observations obtained with the Apache Point Observatory 3.5 m telescope, which is owned and operated by the Astrophysical Research Consortium. Washington/DDO photometry was secured at Las Campanas Observatory (Carnegie Institute of Washington) and Fan Mountain Observatory ( University of Virginia). This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by NASA and the NSF. This research has made use of the SIM-BAD database and Aladin, both developed at CDS, Strasbourg, France; the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by JPL, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA; and NASA's Astrophysics Data System Abstract Service. We thank an anonymous referee for a careful reading and suggestions that improved the presentation. NR 80 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 138 IS 6 BP 1969 EP 1984 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1969 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 517PZ UT WOS:000271630200032 ER PT J AU van Weeren, RJ Rottgering, HJA Bruggen, M Cohen, A AF van Weeren, R. J. Rottgering, H. J. A. Brueggen, M. Cohen, A. TI A search for steep spectrum radio relics and halos with the GMRT SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Review DE radio continuum: galaxies; galaxies: active; galaxies: clusters: general; cosmology: large-scale structure of Universe ID GALACTIC-PLANE SURVEY; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; SIMULATING COSMIC-RAYS; FREQUENCY SKY SURVEY; SHOCK-WAVES; GALAXY CLUSTERS; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; REACCELERATION MODEL; MAGNETIC-FIELD; LINE SPECTRA AB Context. Diffuse radio emission, in the form of radio halos and relics, traces regions in clusters with shocks or turbulence, probably produced by cluster mergers. The shocks and turbulence are important for the total energetics and detailed temperature distribution within the intracluster medium (ICM). Only a small fraction of clusters exhibit diffuse radio emission, whereas a large majority of well-studied clusters shows clear substructure in the ICM. Some models of diffuse radio emission in clusters indicate that virtually all clusters should contain diffuse radio sources with a steep spectrum. External accretion shocks associated with filamentary structures of galaxies could also accelerate electrons to relativistic energies and hence produce diffuse synchrotron emitting regions. The detection of radio emission from such filaments is important for our understanding of the origin of the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM), and relativistic electrons and magnetic fields in the cosmic web. Here we report on Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) observations of a sample of steep spectrum sources from the 74 MHz VLSS survey. These sources are diffuse on scales greater than or similar to 15 '', and not clearly associated with nearby (z less than or similar to 0.1) galaxies. Aims. The main aim of the observations is to search for diffuse radio emission associated with galaxy clusters or the cosmic web. Methods. We have carried out GMRT 610 MHz continuum observations of unidentified diffuse steep spectrum sources. Results. We have constructed a sample of diffuse steep spectrum sources, selected from the 74 MHz VLSS survey. We identified eight diffuse radio sources probably all located in clusters. We found five radio relics, one cluster with a giant radio halo and a radio relic, and one radio mini-halo. The giant radio halo has the highest radio power (P(1.4)) known to date. By complementing our observations with measurements from the literature we find correlations between the physical size of relics and the spectral index, in the sense that smaller relics have steeper spectra. Furthermore, larger relics are mostly located in the outskirts of clusters while smaller relics are located closer to the cluster center. C1 [van Weeren, R. J.; Rottgering, H. J. A.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Brueggen, M.] Jacobs Univ Bremen, D-28725 Bremen, Germany. [Cohen, A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP van Weeren, RJ (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM rvweeren@strw.leidenuniv.nl OI van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660 NR 119 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 508 IS 1 BP 75 EP 92 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200912501 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 528CI UT WOS:000272417700013 ER PT J AU Krzesinski, J Kleinman, SJ Nitta, A Hugelmeyer, S Dreizler, S Liebert, J Harris, H AF Krzesinski, J. Kleinman, S. J. Nitta, A. Huegelmeyer, S. Dreizler, S. Liebert, J. Harris, H. TI A hot white dwarf luminosity function from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: luminosity function, mass function; white dwarfs ID 1ST DATA RELEASE; MASS-DISTRIBUTION; STARS; CATALOG; TELESCOPE; MONITOR; SYSTEM; SDSS AB Aims. We present a hot white dwarf (WD) luminosity function (LF) using data taken from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 4. We present and discuss a combined LF, along with separate DA and non-DA as LFs. We explore the completeness of our LFs and interpret a sudden drop in the non-DA LF near 2 M(bol) as a transition of the non-DA WD atmosphere into the DA one during WD evolution. Our LF extends roughly between -0.5 < M(bol) < 7 or equivalently, similar to 120 000 K > T(eff) > similar to 25 000 K. Our LF should now be useful for estimates of recent star formation and for studies of neutrino and other potential particle emission losses in hot WDs. Methods. To create a sample whose completeness can be characterized fully, we used stars whose spectra were obtained via the SDSS's "hot standard" target selection criteria. The hot standard stars were purposefully targeted to a high level of completeness by the SDSS for calibration purposes. We are fortunate that many of them are hot white dwarfs stars. We further limited the sample to stars with fitted temperatures exceeding 23 500 K and log g > 7.0. We determined stellar distances for our sample based on their absolute SDSS g filter magnitudes, derived from WD stellar atmosphere model fits to the SDSS stellar spectra. Results. We compared our LF with those of other researchers where overlap occurs; however, our LFs are unique in their extension to the most luminous/hottest WDs. The cool end of our LF connects with the hot end of previously determined SDSS WD LFs and agreement here is quite good. It is also good with previous non-SDSS WD LFs. We note distinct differences between the DA and non-DA LFs and discuss the reliability of the DA LF at its hot end. We have extended the range of luminosities covered in the most recent WD LFs. The SDSS sample is understood quite well and its exploration should contribute to a number of new insights into early white dwarf evolution. C1 [Krzesinski, J.] Cracow Pedag Univ, Mt Suhora Observ, PL-30084 Krakow, Poland. [Krzesinski, J.] Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. [Kleinman, S. J.; Nitta, A.] Gemini Observ, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Huegelmeyer, S.; Dreizler, S.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Liebert, J.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA. [Harris, H.] USN Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. RP Krzesinski, J (reprint author), Cracow Pedag Univ, Mt Suhora Observ, Ul Podchorazych 2, PL-30084 Krakow, Poland. EM jk@astro.as.up.krakow.pl; anitta@gemini.edu; shuegelm@astro.physik.uni-goettingen.de; dreizler@astro.physik.uni-goettingen.de; liebert@as.arizona.edu; hch@nofs.navy.mil FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Participating Institutions; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England FX Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the US Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS Web Site is http://www.sdss.org/.; The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, University of Cambridge, Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington. NR 48 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 508 IS 1 BP 339 EP 344 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200912094 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 528CI UT WOS:000272417700036 ER PT J AU van Weeren, RJ Intema, HT Oonk, JBR Rottgering, HJA Clarke, TE AF van Weeren, R. J. Intema, H. T. Oonk, J. B. R. Rottgering, H. J. A. Clarke, T. E. TI The discovery of diffuse steep spectrum sources in Abell 2256 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE radio continuum: general; galaxies: clusters: individual: Abell 2256; large-scale structure of Universe ID SCALE STRUCTURE FORMATION; RAY-CLUSTER ABELL-2256; SHOCK-WAVES; RADIO-EMISSION; GALAXIES; ACCELERATION; A2256; RELICS; PARTICLES; PLASMA AB Context. Hierarchical galaxy formation models indicate that during their lifetime galaxy clusters undergo several mergers. An example of such a merging cluster is Abell 2256. Here we report on the discovery of three diffuse radio sources in the periphery of Abell 2256, using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT). Aims. The aim of the observations was to search for diffuse ultra-steep spectrum radio sources within the galaxy cluster Abell 2256. Methods. We have carried out GMRT 325 MHz radio continuum observations of Abell 2256. V, R and I band images of the cluster were taken with the 4.2 m William Herschel Telescope (WHT). Results. We have discovered three diffuse elongated radio sources located about 1 Mpc from the cluster center. Two are located to the west of the cluster center, and one to the southeast. The sources have a measured physical extent of 170, 140 and 240 kpc, respectively. The two western sources are also visible in deep low-resolution 115-165 MHz Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT) images, although they are blended into a single source. For the combined emission of the blended source we find an extreme spectral index (alpha) of -2.05 +/- 0.14 between 140 and 351 MHz. The extremely steep spectral index suggests these two sources are most likely the result of adiabatic compression of fossil radio plasma due to merger shocks. For the source to the southeast, we find that alpha < -1.45 between 1369 and 325 MHz. We did not find any clear optical counterparts to the radio sources in the WHT images. Conclusions. The discovery of the steep spectrum sources implies the existence of a population of faint diffuse radio sources in (merging) clusters with such steep spectra that they have gone unnoticed in higher frequency (greater than or similar to 1 GHz) observations. Simply considering the timescales related to the AGN activity, synchrotron losses, and the presence of shocks, we find that most massive clusters should possess similar sources. An exciting possibility therefore is that such sources will determine the general appearance of clusters in low-frequency high resolution radio maps as will be produced by for example LOFAR or LWA. C1 [van Weeren, R. J.; Intema, H. T.; Oonk, J. B. R.; Rottgering, H. J. A.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Clarke, T. E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Clarke, T. E.] Interferometrics Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. RP van Weeren, RJ (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM rvweeren@strw.leidenuniv.nl RI Intema, Huib/D-1438-2012; OI Intema, Huib/0000-0002-5880-2730; van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660 FU Netherlands Foundation for Scientific Research (NWO); 6.1 Base funding; Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences FX We thank the anonymous referee for useful comments. We would like to thank Michiel Brentjens for providing the 351 MHz WSRT map. We thank the staff of the GMRT who have made these observations possible. GMRT is run by the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research. The Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope is operated by the ASTRON (Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy) with support from the Netherlands Foundation for Scientific Research (NWO). The William Herschel Telescope is operated on the island of La Palma by the Isaac Newton Group in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. Basic research in radio astronomy at the NRL is supported by 6.1 Base funding. R.J.v.W. acknowledges funding from the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 508 IS 3 BP 1269 EP 1273 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200912934 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 536PW UT WOS:000273057300017 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Baring, MG Bastieri, D Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Camilo, F Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cognard, I Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J de Angelis, A de Palma, F Dormody, M Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Frailis, M Freire, PCC Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gehrels, N Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Halpern, J Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Hobbs, G Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Johnston, S Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kocian, ML Kramer, M Kuehn, F Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Lyne, AG Makeev, A Manchester, RN Marelli, M Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Norris, JP Noutsos, A Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Ransom, SM Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Romani, RW Roth, M Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Stappers, BW Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Theureau, G Thompson, DJ Thorsett, SE Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Van Etten, A Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Wang, N Watters, K Weltevrede, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. G. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Camilo, F. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cognard, I. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Dormody, M. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Frailis, M. Freire, P. C. C. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Halpern, J. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hobbs, G. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Johnston, S. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocian, M. L. Kramer, M. Kuehn, F. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Lyne, A. G. Makeev, A. Manchester, R. N. Marelli, M. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Noutsos, A. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Ransom, S. M. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Romani, R. W. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stappers, B. W. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Theureau, G. Thompson, D. J. Thorsett, S. E. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Van Etten, A. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Wang, N. Watters, K. Weltevrede, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE DETECTION OF PULSED gamma-RAYS FROM THE VELA-LIKE PULSARS PSR J1048-5832 AND PSR J2229+6114 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: observations; pulsars: general; pulsars: individual (PSR J1048-5832, PSr J222+6114) ID SOURCE 3EG J2227+6122; SOUTHERN PULSARS; SPACE-TELESCOPE; GALACTIC-PLANE; LIGHT CURVES; SOURCE LIST; EGRET DATA; WIND TORI; YOUNG; DISCOVERY AB We report the detection of gamma-ray pulsations (>= 0.1GeV) from PSR J2229+ 6114 and PSR J1048-5832, the latter having been detected as a low-significance pulsar by EGRET. Data in the gamma-ray band were acquired by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) aboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, while the radio rotational ephemerides used to fold the gamma-ray light curves were obtained using the Green Bank Telescope, the Lovell telescope at Jodrell Bank, and the Parkes Telescope. The two young radio pulsars, located within the error circles of the previously unidentified EGRET sources 3EG J1048-5840 and 3EG J2227+6122, present spin-down characteristics similar to the Vela pulsar. PSR J1048-5832 shows two sharp peaks at phases 0.15 +/- 0.01 and 0.57 +/- 0.01 relative to the radio pulse confirming the EGRET light curve, while PSR J2229+ 6114 presents a very broad peak at phase 0.49 +/- 0.01. The gamma-ray spectra above 0.1 GeV of both pulsars are fit with power laws having exponential cutoffs near 3 GeV, leading to integral photon fluxes of (2.19 +/- 0.22 +/- 0.32) x 10(-7) cm(-2) s(-1) for PSR J1048-5832 and (3.77 +/- 0.22 +/- 0.44) x 10(-7) cm(-2) s(-1) for PSR J2229+6114. The first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. PSR J1048-5832 is one of the two LAT sources whichwere entangled together as 3EG J1048-5840. These detections add to the growing number of young gamma-ray pulsars that make up the dominant population of GeV gamma-ray sources in the Galactic plane. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Brez, A.; Chekhtman, A.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Van Etten, A.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.; Watters, K.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Van Etten, A.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.; Watters, K.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Thorsett, S. E.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Thorsett, S. E.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, IRFU, CNRS,Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Kuehn, F.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dept Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Giebels, B.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Camilo, F.; Halpern, J.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.; Marelli, M.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Moiseev, A. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Cognard, I.; Theureau, G.] CNRS, UMR 6115, LPCE, F-45071 Orleans 02, France. [Cognard, I.; Theureau, G.] CNRS, INSU, Observ Paris, Stn Radioastron Nancay, F-18330 Nancay, France. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, CNRS, IN2P3, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Freire, P. C. C.] Arecibo Observ, Arecibo, PR 00612 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Johnson, T. J.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hobbs, G.; Johnston, S.; Manchester, R. N.; Weltevrede, P.] CSIRO, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Kataoka, J.; Kawai, N.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Cosm Radiat Lab, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Kerr, M.; Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Kramer, M.; Lyne, A. G.; Noutsos, A.; Stappers, B. W.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Kramer, M.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Orlando, E.; Vitale, V.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ozaki, M.; Uchiyama, Y.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Ransom, S. M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Wang, N.] Natl Astron Observ CAS, Urumqi 830011, Peoples R China. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ahardingx@yahoo.com; parent@cenbg.in2p3.fr; massimiliano.razzano@pi.infn.it RI Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013 OI Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Thorsett, Stephen/0000-0002-2025-9613; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; FU Commonwealth Government; Associated Universities, Inc.; Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom FX The Parkes Radio Telescope is part of the Australia Telescope which is funded by the Commonwealth Government for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO. We thank our colleagues for their assistance with the radio timing observations.; The Green Bank Telescope is operated by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.; The Lovell Telescope is owned and operated by the University of Manchester as part of the Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics with support from the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom. NR 59 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 706 IS 2 BP 1331 EP 1340 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/1331 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 520TY UT WOS:000271872900032 ER PT J AU Titarchuk, L Seifina, E AF Titarchuk, Lev Seifina, Elena TI DISCOVERY OF PHOTON INDEX SATURATION IN THE BLACK HOLE BINARY GRS 1915+105 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; black hole physics; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; stars: individual (GRS 1915+105) ID QUASI-PERIODIC OSCILLATIONS; X-RAY BINARIES; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; NEUTRON-STAR; SPECTRAL INDEX; FREQUENCY CORRELATION; SYNCHROTRON EMISSION; INTRINSIC SIGNATURE; ACCRETION DISKS; QPO FREQUENCY AB We present a study of the correlations between spectral, timing properties, and mass accretion rate observed in X-rays from the Galactic black hole (BH) binary GRS 1915+105 during the transition between hard and soft states. We analyze all transition episodes from this source observed with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer, coordinated with Ryle Radio Telescope observations. We show that broadband energy spectra of GRS 1915+105 during all these spectral states can be adequately presented by two bulk motion Comptonization (BMC) components: a hard component (BMC1, photon index Gamma(1) = 1.7-3.0) with turnover at high energies and soft thermal component (BMC2, Gamma(2) = 2.7-4.2) with characteristic color temperature <= 1 keV, and the redskewed iron-line (LAOR) component. We also present observable correlations between the index and the normalization of the disk "seed" component. The use of "seed" disk normalization, which is presumably proportional to mass accretion rate in the disk, is crucial to establish the index saturation effect during the transition to the soft state. We discovered the photon index saturation of the soft and hard spectral components at values of less than or similar to 4.2 and 3, respectively. We present a physical model which explains the index-seed photon normalization correlations. We argue that the index saturation effect of the hard component (BMC1) is due to the soft photon Comptonization in the converging inflow close to the BH and that of soft component is due to matter accumulation in the transition layer when mass accretion rate increases. Furthermore, we demonstrate a strong correlation between equivalent width of the iron line and radio flux in GRS 1915+105. In addition to our spectral model components we also find a strong feature of "blackbody (BB)-like" bump whose color temperature is about 4.5 keV in eight observations of the intermediate and soft states. We discuss a possible origin of this "BB-like" emission. C1 [Titarchuk, Lev] Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Titarchuk, Lev] ICRANET, I-65122 Pescara, Italy. [Titarchuk, Lev] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Titarchuk, Lev] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Titarchuk, Lev] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Seifina, Elena] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Sternberg Astron Inst, Moscow 119992, Russia. RP Titarchuk, L (reprint author), Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, Via Saragat 1, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. EM titarchuk@fe.infn.it; seif@sai.msu.ru NR 59 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 706 IS 2 BP 1463 EP 1483 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/2/1463 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 520TY UT WOS:000271872900040 ER PT J AU Marin, VMM Delgado, RMG Schmitt, HR Fernandes, RC Perez, E AF Munoz Marin, Victor M. Gonzalez Delgado, Rosa M. Schmitt, Henrique R. Fernandes, Roberto Cid Perez, Enrique TI Stellar clusters in the nuclear regions of AGN with the Advanced Camera for Surveys SO ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Young Massive Star Clusters - Initial Conditions and Environments CY SEP 11-14, 2007 CL Inst Astrofis Andaluc, Granada, SPAIN HO Inst Astrofis Andaluc DE Galaxies: active; Galaxies: star clusters; Galaxies: nuclei; Galaxies: photometry ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; LOW-LUMINOSITY; STAR-CLUSTERS; SPIRAL GALAXIES; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; NEARBY GALAXIES; ULTRAVIOLET; MORPHOLOGY; POPULATIONS AB We explore the role of star clusters in the nuclear regions of galaxies through their connection with active galactic nuclei (AGN). Nuclear star clusters (NCs) are conspicuous in the centers of most nearby galaxies, all along the Hubble sequence. These clusters are probably the faint-end distribution of the central supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in massive bulges. On the other hand, star formation is known to be ongoing in the majority of Seyfert nuclei and in many low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (LLAGN). We study two samples of AGN galaxies (75 Seyferts and 26 LLAGN) in the near-ultraviolet with the Hubble Space Telescope's Advanced Camera for Surveys. We aim to better understand the connection between the growing of the SMBH and the build-up of the bulge, and we also intend to make statistical progress and determine the properties of the population of NCs coexisting with growing SMBHs. C1 [Munoz Marin, Victor M.; Gonzalez Delgado, Rosa M.; Perez, Enrique] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Granada, Spain. [Schmitt, Henrique R.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schmitt, Henrique R.] Interferometrics Inc, Herdon, VA 20171 USA. [Fernandes, Roberto Cid] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Fis, CFM, BR-88040900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. RP Marin, VMM (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Granada, Spain. EM manuel@iaa.es RI Fernandes, Roberto/M-7334-2014; OI Fernandes, Roberto/0000-0001-9672-0296; Perez, Enrique/0000-0001-9737-4559 NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0004-640X EI 1572-946X J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SCI JI Astrophys. Space Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 324 IS 2-4 BP 253 EP 258 DI 10.1007/s10509-009-0115-6 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 522SJ UT WOS:000272018700030 ER PT J AU Campbell, JS Moore, JL Poythress, NG Kennedy, CH AF Campbell, Justin S. Moore, Jeffrey L. Poythress, Norman G. Kennedy, Carrie H. TI Personality Traits in Clinically Referred Aviators: Two Clusters Related to Occupational Suitability SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE personality; cluster analysis; naval aviation; five-factor model ID 5-FACTOR MODEL; SELECTION; PILOTS AB CAMPBELL IS, MOORE JL, POYTHRESS NG, KENNEDY CH. Personality traits in clinically referred aviators: two clusters related to occupational suitability. Aviat Space Environ Med 2009; 80:1049-54. Background: The Five Factor Model (FFM) of normal personality provides a compelling framework for investigating personality subtypes in large military populations. The FFM was used to determine whether a sample of clinically referred military aviators exhibited commonly occurring personality clusters, Methods: The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) was used to evaluate 956 clinically referred U.S. Naval aviators and flight officers oil the domains of neuroticism (N), extroversion (E), openness (O), agreeableness (A), and conscientiousness (C). The scores were subjected to model-based cluster analysis and emergent clusters were compared with respect to their scores and clinical outcomes. Results: A two-cluster model provided the best fit to the data. MANOVA indicated significant differences between the two cluster groups with respect to four of the five factors (N, E, A, and C). The greatest differences were for N and E, with the smaller group (Group 1, N = 291) being significantly more neurotic and less extroverted than Group 2 (N = 665). Cluster membership had more specificity (0.74) than sensitivity (0.59) for predicting adverse clinical outcome, with file probability of an adverse clinical outcome increasing from 0.14 to 0.28 for those in the neurotic and introverted Group 1. Conclusions: Elevated neuroticism and depressed extraversion were the defining traits of the personality Cluster less suited for aviation duty (Group 1). Results support assessment of neuroticism and extroversion during clinical mental health evaluations related to military aviation duty. C1 [Campbell, Justin S.; Moore, Jeffrey L.; Poythress, Norman G.; Kennedy, Carrie H.] USN, Aerosp Med Inst, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA. RP Campbell, JS (reprint author), USN, Aerosp Med Inst, 340 Hulse Rd, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA. EM Justin.S.Campbell@med.navy.mil OI Campbell, Justin/0000-0002-3471-9430 NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 12 BP 1049 EP 1054 DI 10.3357/ASEM.2491.2009 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 530ZV UT WOS:000272632400009 PM 20027853 ER PT J AU Weber, PW Murray, MM Howle, LE Fish, FE AF Weber, P. W. Murray, M. M. Howle, L. E. Fish, F. E. TI Comparison of real and idealized cetacean flippers SO BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE; WHALE; DOLPHINS; MAMMALS AB When a phenomenon in nature is mimicked for practical applications, it is often done so in an idealized fashion, such as representing the shape found in nature with convenient, piece-wise smooth mathematical functions. The aim of idealization is to capture the advantageous features of the natural phenomenon without having to exactly replicate it, and it is often assumed that the idealization process does in fact capture the relevant geometry. We explored the consequences of the idealization process by creating exact scale models of cetacean flippers using CT scans, creating corresponding idealized versions and then determining the hydrodynamic characteristics of the models via water tunnel testing. We found that the majority of the idealized models did not exhibit fluid dynamic properties that were drastically different from those of the real models, although multiple consequences resulting from the idealization process were evident. Drag performance was significantly improved by idealization. Overall, idealization is an excellent way to capture the relevant effects of a phenomenon found in nature, which spares the researcher from having to painstakingly create exact models, although we have found that there are situations where idealization may have unintended consequences such as one model that exhibited a decrease in lift performance. C1 [Weber, P. W.; Howle, L. E.] Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Murray, M. M.] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Fish, F. E.] W Chester Univ, Dept Biol, W Chester, PA 19383 USA. RP Weber, PW (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Box 90300, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM laurens.howle@duke.edu FU National Science Foundation; National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (FEF: principal investigator) and the technical support staff of the United States Naval Academy. PWW was supported by the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship. The authors additionally would like to thank the New Bolton Center of the University of Pennsylvania Veterinary School, the New Jersey Marine Mammal Stranding Center, the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, St Joseph Hospital, the Humboldt State University Vertebrate Museum, and specially J Arruda, S Cramer, P Habecker, D Ketten, C Ginter, J Parson, J Reidenberg, R Schoelkopf, J Jacobsen, S Wallis and B Schuelkens for contributions to this work. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-3182 J9 BIOINSPIR BIOMIM JI Bioinspir. Biomim. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 4 IS 4 AR 046001 DI 10.1088/1748-3182/4/4/046001 PG 12 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Biomaterials; Robotics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Robotics GA 525NK UT WOS:000272222600002 PM 19834251 ER PT J AU Gresham, L Ramlawi, A Briski, J Richardson, M Taylor, T AF Gresham, Louise Ramlawi, Assad Briski, Julie Richardson, Mariah Taylor, Terence TI TRUST ACROSS BORDERS: RESPONDING TO 2009 H1N1 INFLUENZA IN THE MIDDLE EAST SO BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FOREIGN-POLICY; PUBLIC-HEALTH; SURVEILLANCE AB Disease surveillance networks in the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and Africa are models for the kind of transnational cooperation that can mount the needed flexible and coordinated response to the spread of 2009 H1N1 influenza and future pandemic threats. For example, members of the Middle East Consortium on Infectious Disease Surveillance (MECIDS), a regional disease surveillance network of public health experts and ministry of health officials from Israel, the Palestinian Authority, and Jordan, have coordinated the screening, laboratory testing, and risk communication strategies to detect and control 2009 H1N1 influenza. This coordination is made possible by trust and by well-exercised national and regional pandemic preparedness policies. The consortium illustrates the value of regional disease surveillance networks in shaping and managing cohesive policies on current and future threats. The MECIDS alliance partnership also exemplifies to other parts of the world that are experiencing conflict-like South Asia-that finding common ground is imperative to promoting health security and cooperation where it is most lacking and needed and that developing cohesive infectious disease control policies can build trust across the most difficult boundaries in the world. This article provides an overview of the history of MECIDS and similar networks and of the MECIDS response to 2009 H1N1 influenza. C1 [Gresham, Louise; Richardson, Mariah; Taylor, Terence] Nucl Threat Initiat, Global Hlth & Secur Initiat, Washington, DC 20006 USA. [Briski, Julie] USN, Med Ctr, Vasc Surg Clin, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Gresham, L (reprint author), Nucl Threat Initiat, Global Hlth & Secur Initiat, 1747 Penn Ave,NW Suite 700, Washington, DC 20006 USA. EM gresham@nti.org NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1538-7135 J9 BIOSECUR BIOTERROR JI Biosecur. Bioterror. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 7 IS 4 BP 399 EP 404 DI 10.1089/bsp.2009.0034 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations GA 535TO UT WOS:000272994400012 PM 20028248 ER PT J AU McClatchie, S Charter, R Watson, W Lo, N Hill, K Manzano-Sarabia, M Goericke, R Collins, C Bjorkstedt, E Schwing, FB Bograd, SJ Kahru, M Mitchell, BG Koslow, JA Ralston, S Field, J Peterson, WT Emmett, R Gomez-Valdes, J Lavaniegos, BE Caxiola-Castro, G Rogers-Bennet, L Gottschalck, J Heureux, ML Xue, Y Munger, L Campbell, G Merkens, K Camacho, D Havron, A Douglas, A Hildebrand, J AF McClatchie, Sam Charter, Richard Watson, William Lo, Nancy Hill, Kevin Manzano-Sarabia, Marlenne Goericke, Ralf Collins, Curtis Bjorkstedt, Eric Schwing, Franklin B. Bograd, Steven J. Kahru, Mati Mitchell, B. Greg Koslow, J. Anthony Ralston, Stephen Field, John Peterson, William T. Emmett, Robert Gomez-Valdes, Jose Lavaniegos, Bertha E. Caxiola-Castro, Gilberto Rogers-Bennet, Laura Gottschalck, Jon Heureux, Michelle L. Xue, Yan Munger, Lisa Campbell, Greg Merkens, Karlina Camacho, Dominique Havron, Andrea Douglas, Annie Hildebrand, John TI THE STATE OF THE CALIFORNIA CURRENT, SPRING 2008-2009 COLD CONDITIONS DRIVE REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN COASTAL PRODUCTION SO CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE OCEANIC FISHERIES INVESTIGATIONS REPORTS LA English DT Article ID ABUNDANCE; CETACEANS; WATERS AB This report describes the state of the California Current system (CCS) between the springs of 2008 and 2009 based on observations taken along the west coast of North America The dominant forcing on the CCS during this time period were La Nina-type conditions that prevailed from the summer of 2007 through early 2009, transitioning to neutral El Nino-Southern Oscillation conditions in the spring of 2009 The Pacific Decadal Oscillation index was negative during this time period and its values had not returned to normal by the spring of 2009 The general effects on the California Current system were stronger thin normal southward winds and upwelling as well as generally colder than normal SST and shallow nitraclines, however, there were repot-ill differences Off alp California sea surface temperatures did not respond to the La Nina conditions, however, concentrations of chlorophyll a (Chl a) were significantly above normal, probably due to the anomalously high upwelling off Baja during most of the year Off southern California there was no clear evidence of increased primary or secondary production, despite observations that previous La Nina conditions affected mixed layer depth, temperatures, nutrients, and nitracline depths In both central and northern California and Oregon, stronger than normal upwelling increased primary production and prevented potential spawning of sardine north of San Francisco In central California the midwater fish community resembled that of recent cool years, and cover by kelp was much reduced along the coast Off Oregon there was evidence of increased abundance of boreal copepods, although the neritic boreal species did not appear to extend as far south is central California Current predictions are for cooler conditions to change to El Nino conditions by the end of 2009, these are expected to last through the Northern Hemisphere wintet of 2009-10 C1 [McClatchie, Sam; Charter, Richard; Watson, William; Lo, Nancy; Hill, Kevin] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Fisheries Resources Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Manzano-Sarabia, Marlenne] CIBNOR, La Paz B C S, Mexico. [Goericke, Ralf; Kahru, Mati; Mitchell, B. Greg; Koslow, J. Anthony] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Integrat Oceanog Div, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Collins, Curtis] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Bjorkstedt, Eric] Humboldt State Univ, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Trinidad, CA 95570 USA. [Bjorkstedt, Eric] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Fisheries Biol, Trinidad, CA 95570 USA. [Schwing, Franklin B.; Bograd, Steven J.] NOAA Fisheries Serv, Div Environm Res, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA. [Ralston, Stephen; Field, John] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Peterson, William T.; Emmett, Robert] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Gomez-Valdes, Jose; Lavaniegos, Bertha E.; Caxiola-Castro, Gilberto] Ctr Invest Cient & Educ Super Ensenada, Div Oceanol, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico. [Rogers-Bennet, Laura] Univ Calif Davis, Calif Dept Fish & Game, Bodgi Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA. [Gottschalck, Jon; Heureux, Michelle L.; Xue, Yan] NCEP NWS NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA. RP McClatchie, S (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Fisheries Resources Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8304 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RI Merkens, Karlina/I-9062-2012; Gomez-Valdes, Jose/B-9846-2016; OI Merkens, Karlina/0000-0002-5314-6148; Gomez-Valdes, Jose/0000-0002-8528-7826; Manzano-Sarabia, Marlenne/0000-0002-3466-9592 FU NOAA (NOAA/JIMO) [NA17RJ1231]; CICESE; SEMARNAT-CONACYT [23804]; UC-MEXUS [CN07-125]; SEP-CONACYT [23947]; Bonneville Power Administration; NOAA FX CalCOFI cruises off southern California were supported by NOAA (NOAA/JIMO NA17RJ1231) We thank the NOAA and Scripps CalCOFI technicians Dave Griffith, Amy Betcher, Dimitry Abremenkoff, Noelle Bowlin, Sue Manion, Bryan Overcash, Dave Wolgast, Jennifer Rodgers-Wolgast, Jim Wilkinson, Dave Faber, and Grant Susner-and volunteers who collected data at sea and who processed the data ashore The IMECOCAL program thanks officials and crew of the CICESE RV Francisco de Ulloa, as well as students and technicians participating in the surveys of 2008 Special thanks to Martin de la Cruz for assistance in cruise coordination and chlorophyll analysis, Jose Luis Cadena for help in zooplankton counting, and Erasmo Miranda, Joaquin Garcia, and H J Vazquez for CTD data processing IMECOCAL surveys were supported by CICESE, SEMARNAT-CONACYT 23804, UC-MEXUS (CN07-125), and SEP-CONACYT 23947 projects Observations along the Trinidad Head Line were ably assisted by Captain Scott Martin and crew of the RV Coral Sea The Oregon work is supported by the NOAA-Stock Assessment Improvement Program (Newport Line) and the Bonneville Power Administration (pelagic fish surveys) The NOAA ERD group wishes to acknowledge Xuemei Qiu of NOAA for graphics assistance This year the State of the California Current was reviewed for the first time We thank the two anonymous reviewers for the thorough and insightful reviews they provided NR 27 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 11 PU SCRIPPS INST OCEANOGRAPHY PI LA JOLLA PA A-003, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA SN 0575-3317 J9 CAL COOP OCEAN FISH JI Calif. Coop. Ocean. Fish. Invest. Rep. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 50 BP 43 EP 68 PG 26 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 677FI UT WOS:000283974100003 ER PT J AU Bianco, S Shaw, LB Schwartz, IB AF Bianco, Simone Shaw, Leah B. Schwartz, Ira B. TI Epidemics with multistrain interactions: The interplay between cross immunity and antibody-dependent enhancement SO CHAOS LA English DT Article ID DENGUE VIRUS SEROTYPES; TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS; STRAINS; COEXISTENCE; PERSISTENCE; INFECTION; INFLUENZA; BANGKOK; DISEASE; MODELS AB This paper examines the interplay of the effect of cross immunity and antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) in multistrain diseases. Motivated by dengue fever, we study a model for the spreading of epidemics in a population with multistrain interactions mediated by both partial temporary cross immunity and ADE. Although ADE models have previously been observed to cause chaotic outbreaks, we show analytically that weak cross immunity has a stabilizing effect on the system. That is, the onset of disease fluctuations requires a larger value of ADE with small cross immunity than without. However, strong cross immunity is shown numerically to cause oscillations and chaotic outbreaks even for low values of ADE. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3270261] C1 [Bianco, Simone; Shaw, Leah B.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Schwartz, Ira B.] USN, Res Lab, Nonlinear Syst Dynam Sect, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bianco, S (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. EM sbianco@wm.edu RI Schwartz, Ira/A-8073-2009 FU Jeffress Memorial Trust; Office of Naval Research; Armed Forces Medical Intelligence Center FX L.B.S. and S B. were partially supported by the Jeffress Memorial Trust. I. B.S. was supported by the Office of Naval Research and the Armed Forces Medical Intelligence Center. The authors acknowledge helpful discussions with Derek Cummings. NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1054-1500 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD DEC PY 2009 VL 19 IS 4 AR 043123 DI 10.1063/1.3270261 PG 9 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 538YX UT WOS:000273221500024 PM 20059219 ER PT J AU Forgoston, E Billings, L Schwartz, IB AF Forgoston, Eric Billings, Lora Schwartz, Ira B. TI Accurate noise projection for reduced stochastic epidemic models SO CHAOS LA English DT Article ID NORMAL FORMS; DYNAMICS; BIFURCATION; SYSTEMS; OUTBREAKS; CHAOS; RATES AB We consider a stochastic susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered (SIER) epidemiological model. Through the use of a normal form coordinate transform, we are able to analytically derive the stochastic center manifold along with the associated, reduced set of stochastic evolution equations. The transformation correctly projects both the dynamics and the noise onto the center manifold. Therefore, the solution of this reduced stochastic dynamical system yields excellent agreement, both in amplitude and phase, with the solution of the original stochastic system for a temporal scale that is orders of magnitude longer than the typical relaxation time. This new method allows for improved time series prediction of the number of infectious cases when modeling the spread of disease in a population. Numerical solutions of the fluctuations of the SEIR model are considered in the infinite population limit using a Langevin equation approach, as well as in a finite population simulated as a Markov process. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3247350] C1 [Forgoston, Eric; Schwartz, Ira B.] USN, Res Lab, Nonlinear Dynam Syst Sect, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Billings, Lora] Montclair State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA. RP Forgoston, E (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Nonlinear Dynam Syst Sect, Div Plasma Phys, Code 6792, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM eric.forgoston.ctr@nrl.navy.mil RI Schwartz, Ira/A-8073-2009 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01GM090204, R01 GM090204] NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1054-1500 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD DEC PY 2009 VL 19 IS 4 AR 043110 DI 10.1063/1.3247350 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 538YX UT WOS:000273221500011 PM 20059206 ER PT J AU Denning, PJ Freeman, PA AF Denning, Peter J. Freeman, Peter A. TI Computing's Paradigm SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM LA English DT Editorial Material ID SCIENCE C1 [Denning, Peter J.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Informat Innovat & Super, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Denning, PJ (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Informat Innovat & Super, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM pjd@nps.edu; peter.freeman@mindspring.com NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 3 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0001-0782 J9 COMMUN ACM JI Commun. ACM PD DEC PY 2009 VL 52 IS 12 BP 28 EP 30 DI 10.1145/1610252.1610265 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 530WI UT WOS:000272622600016 ER PT J AU Beecroft, AJ Michael, JB AF Beecroft, Alexander J. Michael, James Bret TI Passive Fingerprinting of Network Reconnaissance Tools SO COMPUTER LA English DT Article DE Fingerprint recognition; Reconnaissance; IP networks; Data visualization; History; Data mining; Security; Reconnaissance fingerprinting; Network defense C1 [Michael, James Bret] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Monterey, CA USA. EM ajbeecro@gmail.com; bmichael@nps.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9162 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD DEC PY 2009 VL 42 IS 12 BP 91 EP 93 DI 10.1109/MC.2009.405 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 533RM UT WOS:000272842300022 ER PT J AU Okamoto, F Rasmussen, CW Zhang, P AF Okamoto, Futaba Rasmussen, Craig W. Zhang, Ping TI Set vertex colorings and joins of graphs SO CZECHOSLOVAK MATHEMATICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE neighbor-distinguishing coloring; set coloring; neighborhood color set AB For a nontrivial connected graph G, let c: V (G) -> a"center dot be a vertex coloring of G where adjacent vertices may be colored the same. For a vertex v of G, the neighborhood color set NC(v) is the set of colors of the neighbors of v. The coloring c is called a set coloring if NC(u) not equal NC(v) for every pair u, v of adjacent vertices of G. The minimum number of colors required of such a coloring is called the set chromatic number x (s) (G). A study is made of the set chromatic number of the join G+H of two graphs G and H. Sharp lower and upper bounds are established for x (s) (G + H) in terms of x (s) (G), x (s) (H), and the clique numbers omega(G) and omega(H). C1 [Okamoto, Futaba] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Math, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA. [Rasmussen, Craig W.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Zhang, Ping] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Math, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. RP Okamoto, F (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Math, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA. EM ping.zhang@wmich.edu NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0011-4642 EI 1572-9141 J9 CZECH MATH J JI Czech. Math. J. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 59 IS 4 BP 929 EP 941 DI 10.1007/s10587-009-0064-9 PG 13 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 517TT UT WOS:000271641800005 ER PT J AU Michalowicz, JV Olson, CC Bucholtz, F Nichols, JM AF Michalowicz, Joseph V. Olson, Colin C. Bucholtz, Frank Nichols, Jonathan M. TI Calculation of Entropy for a Sinusoid with Beta-Distributed Phase SO ENTROPY LA English DT Article DE differential entropy; sine wave; Beta distribution; phase noise ID PROBABILITY-DENSITY-FUNCTION; MATHEMATICAL-THEORY; NOISE; INTERFEROMETER; COMMUNICATION AB In this paper, an analytical expression is developed for the differential entropy of a sinusoid with a Beta-distributed phase angle. This particular signal model is prevalent in optical communications, however an expression for the associated differential entropy does not currently exist. The expression we derive is approximate as it relies on a series expansion for one of the key terms needed in the derivation. However, we are able to show that the approximation is accurate (error <= 5%) for a wide variety of Beta parameter choices. C1 [Olson, Colin C.] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, NRC, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Olson, CC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, NRC, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM georgiamsa@yahoo.com; colin.olson@ctr.nrl.navy.mil; frank.bucholtz@nrl.navy.mil; jonathan.nichols@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory FX The authors would like to thank the Naval Research Laboratory for providing funding for this work. The authors would also like to thank an anonymous reviewer for providing us with an alternative derivation for the uniform distributed phase case that provided a clear connection to the Beta-distributed phase case. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INTERNATIONAL-MDPI PI BASEL PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1099-4300 J9 ENTROPY JI Entropy PD DEC PY 2009 VL 11 IS 4 BP 949 EP 958 DI 10.3390/e11040949 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 536FF UT WOS:000273028300028 ER PT J AU Gable, MS Gavali, S Radner, A Tilley, DH Lee, B Dyner, L Collins, A Dengel, A Dalmau, J Glaser, CA AF Gable, M. S. Gavali, S. Radner, A. Tilley, D. H. Lee, B. Dyner, L. Collins, A. Dengel, A. Dalmau, J. Glaser, C. A. TI Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: report of ten cases and comparison with viral encephalitis SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PARANEOPLASTIC LIMBIC ENCEPHALITIS; POTASSIUM CHANNEL ANTIBODY; IMMATURE OVARIAN TERATOMA; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; DIAGNOSIS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; HYPOFUNCTION; INFECTIONS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; SYMPTOMS AB The California Encephalitis Project (CEP), established in 1998 to explore encephalitic etiologies, has identified patients with N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies, the likely etiology of their encephalitis. This study compares the presentation of such patients to those with viral encephalitis, so that infectious disease clinicians may identify individuals with this treatable disorder. Patients were physician-referred, and standardized forms were used to gather demographic, clinical, and laboratory data. Features of anti-NMDAR+ patients were compared with the viral encephalitides of enteroviral (EV), rabies, and herpes simplex-1 (HSV-1) origins. Sixteen cases with confirmed viral etiologies were all negative on NMDAR antibody testing. Ten anti-NMDAR+ patients were profiled with a median age of 18.5 years (range 11-31 years). None were Caucasian. They had a characteristic progression with prominent psychiatric symptoms, autonomic instability, significant neurologic abnormalities, and seizures. Two had a teratoma, and, of the remaining eight, four had serologic evidence of acute Mycoplasma infection. The clinical and imaging features of anti-NMDAR+ patients served to differentiate this autoimmune disorder from HSV-1, EV, and rabies. Unlike classic paraneoplastic encephalitis, anti-NMDAR encephalitis affects younger patients and is often treatable. The association of NMDAR antibodies in patients with possible Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection warrants further study. C1 [Gable, M. S.; Glaser, C. A.] Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Lab, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Gable, M. S.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, Fresno, CA USA. [Gavali, S.; Glaser, C. A.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Lab, Div Communicable Dis Control, Ctr Infect Dis, Richmond, CA USA. [Radner, A.] Salinas Valley Mem Hosp, Salinas, CA USA. [Tilley, D. H.] USN, Div Infect Dis, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Lee, B.] Childrens Hosp & Res Ctr Oakland, Div Infect Dis, Oakland, CA USA. [Dyner, L.] Lucile Packard Childrens Hosp, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Collins, A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Pediat, Sect Child Neurol, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Dengel, A.] Loma Linda Univ, Med Ctr, Loma Linda, CA USA. [Dalmau, J.] Univ Penn, Dept Neurol, Div Neurooncol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Gable, MS (reprint author), Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Lab, 850 Marina Bay Pkwy, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. EM ms2gable@yahoo.com; Carol.glaser@cdph.ca.gov OI Dalmau, Josep/0000-0001-5856-2813 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infections Program [*U50/CCU915546-09).09]; National Institute of Health [2RO1CA89054-06A2] FX Financial support was obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infections Program *U50/CCU915546-09).09 (CG), and there was additional support, in part, from the National Institute of Health 2RO1CA89054-06A2 (JD). There are no conflicts of interest. NR 35 TC 126 Z9 139 U1 1 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0934-9723 J9 EUR J CLIN MICROBIOL JI Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 28 IS 12 BP 1421 EP 1429 DI 10.1007/s10096-009-0799-0 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 516GW UT WOS:000271531200003 PM 19718525 ER PT J AU Jensen, RJ Ziv, OR Rizzo, JF Scribner, D Johnson, L AF Jensen, Ralph J. Ziv, Ofer R. Rizzo, Joseph F., III Scribner, Dean Johnson, Lee TI Spatiotemporal aspects of pulsed electrical stimuli on the responses of rabbit retinal ganglion cells SO EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE retinal ganglion cell; electrophysiology; electrical stimulation; retinal prosthesis; multielectrode array ID ISOLATED CHICKEN RETINA; RECEPTIVE-FIELD SIZE; MAMMALIAN RETINA; PROSTHESIS; ACTIVATION; THRESHOLDS; MICROELECTRODE AB Implanted intraocular microelectrode arrays are being used to provide sight to individuals who are blind due to photoreceptor degeneration. it is envisioned that this retinal prosthesis will create the illusion of motion by stimulating focal areas of the retina in a sequential fashion through neighboring electrodes, much like the rapid succession of still images in movies and computer animation gives rise to apparent motion. Using a high-density microelectrode array, we examined the extracellularly recorded responses of rabbit retinal ganglion cells to a bar-shaped electrode array that was stepped at 50 gm increments at different rates across the retina and compared these respons2es to the responses generated to a similarly shaped light stimulus that was stepped across the retina. When the retina was stimulated at 1 step/s, retinal ganglion cells gave robust bursts of action potentials to both the electrode array and the light stimulus. The responses to the 'moving' electrode array decreased progressively with increasing stepping frequency. At 16 steps/s (highest frequency tested), the number of spikes per sweep and the number of bursts per sweep were reduced 75% and 67% respectively. In contrast, when the retina was stimulated at 16 steps/s with the 'moving' light stimulus, the number of spikes per sweep and the number of bursts per sweep were reduced only 43% and 25% respectively. These findings suggest that simple translation of object motion to sequential stimulation through neighboring electrodes may not be the best way to convey the perception of object motion in a patient with a retinal prosthesis. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Jensen, Ralph J.; Ziv, Ofer R.; Rizzo, Joseph F., III] VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Ctr Innovat Visual Rehabil, Boston, MA 02130 USA. [Rizzo, Joseph F., III] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirm, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Scribner, Dean; Johnson, Lee] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Appl Opt Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Jensen, RJ (reprint author), VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Ctr Innovat Visual Rehabil, Mail Stop 151E,150 S Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02130 USA. EM ralph.jensen@va.gov FU DARPA NeoVision Program; Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service FX This research was funded by the DARPA NeoVision Program and the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0014-4835 J9 EXP EYE RES JI Exp. Eye Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 89 IS 6 BP 972 EP 979 DI 10.1016/j.exer.2009.08.015 PG 8 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 523WR UT WOS:000272106000020 PM 19766116 ER PT J AU Lovich, RE Grismer, LL Danemann, G AF Lovich, Robert E. Grismer, L. Lee Danemann, Gustavo TI CONSERVATION STATUS OF THE HERPETOFAUNA OF BAJA CALIFORNIA, MEXICO AND ASSOCIATED ISLANDS IN THE SEA OF CORTEZ AND PACIFIC OCEAN SO HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE amphibians; Baja California; conservation; Mexico; reptiles; Sea of Cortez ID GEOGRAPHIC-VARIATION; WESTERN RATTLESNAKE; SPECIES BOUNDARIES; CROTALUS-VIRIDIS; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; COMPLEX; EXTINCTION; COLUBRIDAE; VIPERIDAE; PATTERNS AB The herpetofauna of the Baja California Peninsula represent a unique assemblage of the biodiversity and heritage of Mexico. Pressure from increasing development and land conversion of the second longest peninsula in the world, and its islands, requires a modern synthesis of the conservation status of the herpetofauna. Herein, we evaluate the herpetofauna by assessing regulatory protections, natural protected land areas, and maintenance of ex situ species in accredited zoos. We also summarize recent changes to the taxonomy and nomenclature for this herpetofauna, as well as range extensions that further our understanding of species distributions, many of which are poorly understood. Recommendations are given to enhance and further strengthen conservation actions in Baja California, Mexico. C1 [Lovich, Robert E.] Loma Linda Univ, Dept Earth & Biol Sci, Loma Linda, CA 92350 USA. [Grismer, L. Lee] LaSierra Univ, Dept Biol, Riverside, CA 92515 USA. [Danemann, Gustavo] Pronatura Noroeste, Zona Ctr, Ensenada 22800, Baja California, Mexico. RP Lovich, RE (reprint author), USN, Facil Engn Command, SW 1220 Pacific Highway, San Diego, CA 92132 USA. EM rlovich@gmail.com NR 55 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 10 PU HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION & BIOLOGY PI CORVALLIS PA C/O R BRUCE BURY, USGS FOREST & RANGELAND, CORVALLIS, OR 00000 USA SN 2151-0733 J9 HERPETOL CONSERV BIO JI Herpetol. Conserv. Biol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 4 IS 3 BP 358 EP 378 PG 21 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA V15RX UT WOS:000207820200011 ER PT J AU Seely, JF Szabo, CI Audebert, P Brambrink, E Tabakhoff, E Holland, GE Hudson, LT Henins, A Indelicato, P Gumberidze, A AF Seely, J. F. Szabo, C. I. Audebert, P. Brambrink, E. Tabakhoff, E. Holland, G. E. Hudson, L. T. Henins, A. Indelicato, P. Gumberidze, A. TI Hard X-ray spectroscopy of inner-shell K transitions generated by MeV electron propagation from intense picosecond laser focal spots SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE MeV electron propagation; K-shell transitions; X-ray spectroscopy ID RESONANT-INTERACTION REGION; 2-DIMENSIONAL DISTRIBUTION; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; RETURN-CURRENT; PLASMA; ENERGY; SPECTROMETERS; TRANSMISSION; TRANSPORT; SPECTRA AB The propagation of energetic electrons from the focal spots of intense picosecond laser pulses was studied using targets consisting of planar foils and fine metal wires. High-resolution K-shell spectra of elements with atomic numbers in the range 46-74 (Pd to W) and with energies from 21 key to 69 key were recorded by a Cauchois-type spectrometer using a curved transmission crystal. The K-shell spectra resulted from the collisional ionization of 1 s electrons by energetic electrons that were generated in the laser focal spot and propagated into the planar foil region beyond the focal spot or into the metal wires adjacent to an irradiated wire. The lateral spread of the energetic electrons from the focal spot was determined from the source broadening of the K spectral lines and from the relative intensities of the K spectra from an irradiated wire and neighboring wires of different metals. The propagation distances up to 1 mm in a variety of materials indicated electron energies up to 1 MeV were generated in the laser focal spot. Inhibited propagation in an electrically insulating material was observed that results from a weak return current and incomplete space charge neutralization. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Seely, J. F.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Szabo, C. I.; Indelicato, P.; Gumberidze, A.] Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Ecole Normale Super, Lab Kastler Brossel, F-75252 Paris 05, France. [Audebert, P.; Brambrink, E.; Tabakhoff, E.] Ecole Polytech, LULI, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Holland, G. E.] N Amer Inc, Global Strategies Grp, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. [Hudson, L. T.; Henins, A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Seely, JF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.seely@nrl.navy.mil RI Indelicato, Paul/D-7636-2011 OI Indelicato, Paul/0000-0003-4668-8958 FU Office of Naval Research; Helmholtz Association [HA216/EMMI] FX We thank the LULI laser operations staff for their expert technical assistance. The work at the Naval Research Laboratory was supported by the Office of Naval Research. Certain commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are identified in this paper in order to specify the experimental procedure adequately. Such identification is not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by the US government, nor is it intended to imply that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose. The Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB) is "Unite Mixte de Recherche du CNRS, de l'ENS et de l'UPMC no 8552". The LKB group was supported by the Helmholtz Alliance Program of the Helmholtz Association, contract HA216/EMMI "Extremes of Density and Temperature: Cosmic Matter in the Laboratory". NR 29 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1818 EI 1878-0563 J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS JI High Energy Density Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 5 IS 4 BP 263 EP 269 DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2009.04.012 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 660BV UT WOS:000282614400006 ER PT J AU Busquet, M Colombant, D Klapisch, M Fyfe, D Gardner, J AF Busquet, M. Colombant, D. Klapisch, M. Fyfe, D. Gardner, J. TI Improvements to the RADIOM non-LTE model SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Non- LTE; RADIOM ID LASER-CREATED PLASMAS; IONIZATION TEMPERATURE; HOT PLASMAS; EQUILIBRIUM; RADIATION; TRANSITION; TARGETS; FUSION AB In 1993, we proposed the RADIOM model [M. Busquet, Phys. Fluids 85 (1993) 4191] where an ionization temperature T(Z) is used to derive non-LIE properties from LTE data. T(Z) is obtained from an "extended Saha equation" where unbalanced transitions, like radiative decay, give the non-LTE behavior. Since then, major improvements have been made. T(Z) has been shown to be more than a heuristic value, but describes the actual distribution of excited and ionized states and can be understood as an "effective temperature". Therefore we complement the extended Saha equation by introducing explicitly the auto-ionization/dielectronic capture. Also we use the SCROLL model to benchmark the computed values of T(Z). (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Busquet, M.; Klapisch, M.] ARTEP Inc, Ellicott City, MD USA. [Busquet, M.] Observ Paris, LERMA, Meudon, France. [Colombant, D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fyfe, D.] USN, Res Lab, LCP & FD, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gardner, J.] Berkeley Res Associates Inc, Springfield, VA USA. RP Busquet, M (reprint author), ARTEP Inc, Ellicott City, MD USA. EM busquet@this.nrl.navy.mil FU USDOE; Laser Plasma Branch, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC FX This work was supported by USDOE under a contract with Laser Plasma Branch, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1818 J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS JI High Energy Density Phys. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 5 IS 4 BP 270 EP 275 DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2009.05.005 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 660BV UT WOS:000282614400007 ER PT J AU Anderson, TJ Tadjer, MJ Mastro, MA Hite, JK Hobart, KD Eddy, CR Kub, FJ AF Anderson, Travis J. Tadjer, Marko J. Mastro, Michael A. Hite, Jennifer K. Hobart, Karl D. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. Kub, Francis J. TI An AlN/Ultrathin AlGaN/GaN HEMT Structure for Enhancement-Mode Operation Using Selective Etching SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE GaN; high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT); normally off; wet etch ID HIGH BREAKDOWN VOLTAGE; THRESHOLD VOLTAGE; GAN; POWER; PERFORMANCE; DEFECTS AB A novel device structure incorporating an ultrathin AlGaN barrier layer capped by an AlN layer in the source-drain access regions has been implemented to reliably control threshold voltage in AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors. A recessed-gate structure has been used to decrease 2-D electron gas (2DEG) density under the gate, thus controlling threshold voltage while maintaining low on-resistance and high current density. The structure presented in this letter implements an ultrathin AlGaN structure grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition capped with AlN to maintain a high 2DEG density in the access regions. A selective wet etch using heated photoresist developer is used to selectively etch the AlN layer in the gate region to the AlGaN barrier. We have demonstrated a repeatable threshold voltage of +0.21 V with 4-nm AlGaN barrier layer thickness. C1 [Anderson, Travis J.; Mastro, Michael A.; Hite, Jennifer K.; Hobart, Karl D.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.; Kub, Francis J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Tadjer, Marko J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Anderson, TJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM travis.anderson@nrl.navy.mil RI Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory; U.S. Office of Naval Research; ASEE FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory and in part by the U.S. Office of Naval Research (with Dr. P. Maki as the Program Manager). The works of T. J. Anderson and J. K. Hite were supported in part by ASEE. The review of this letter was arranged by Editor J. A. del Alamo. NR 16 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 44 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0741-3106 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 30 IS 12 BP 1251 EP 1253 DI 10.1109/LED.2009.2033083 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 523BB UT WOS:000272044500001 ER PT J AU Loyola, DG Hilsenrath, E Reid, JS Braathen, G AF Loyola R, Diego G. Hilsenrath, Ernest Reid, Jeffrey S. Braathen, Geir TI Introduction to the Issue on Fostering Applications of Earth Observations of the Atmosphere-Part II SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Loyola R, Diego G.] German Aerosp Ctr, Remote Sensing Technol Inst, D-82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Wessling, Germany. [Hilsenrath, Ernest] NASA Headquarters, Div Earth Sci, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Reid, Jeffrey S.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Braathen, Geir] World Meteorol Org, Environm Div, CH-1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland. RP Loyola, DG (reprint author), German Aerosp Ctr, Remote Sensing Technol Inst, D-82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Wessling, Germany. EM diego.loyola@dlr.de; ernest.hilsenrath@nasa.gov; jeffrey.reid@nrlmry.navy.mil; gbraathen@wmo.int OI Loyola R., Diego G./0000-0002-8547-9350 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1939-1404 J9 IEEE J-STARS JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4 BP 270 EP 270 DI 10.1109/JSTARS.2009.2039911 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 546BY UT WOS:000273784400006 ER PT J AU Ding, HP Chen, G Majumdar, AK Sadler, BM Xu, ZY AF Ding, Haipeng Chen, Gang Majumdar, Arun K. Sadler, Brian M. Xu, Zhengyuan TI Modeling of Non-Line-of-Sight Ultraviolet Scattering Channels for Communication SO IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Multiple scattering; non-line-of-sight; ultraviolet; Monte Carlo; photon tracing ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; AVALANCHE PHOTODIODES; PERFORMANCE; ATMOSPHERE; AUREOLE AB A stochastic non-line-of-sight (NLOS) ultraviolet (UV) communication channel model is developed using a Monte Carlo simulation method based on photon tracing. The expected channel impulse response is obtained by computing photon arrival probabilities and associated propagation delay at the receiver. This method captures the multiple scattering effects of UV signal propagation in the atmosphere, and relaxes the assumptions of single scattering theory. The proposed model has a clear advantage in reliable prediction of NLOS path loss, as validated by outdoor experiments at small to medium elevation angles. A Gamma function is shown to agree well with the predicted impulse response, and this provides a simple means to determine the channel bandwidth. The developed model is employed to study the characteristics of NLOS UV scattering channels, including path loss and channel bandwidth, for a variety of scattering conditions, source wavelength, transmitter and receiver optical pointing geometries, and range. C1 [Ding, Haipeng; Chen, Gang; Xu, Zhengyuan] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Elect Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Majumdar, Arun K.] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] USA, Res Lab, RDRL CIN T, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ding, HP (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Elect Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM arun.majumdar@navy.mil; bsadler@arl.army.mil; dxu@ee.ucr.edu RI Ding, Haipeng/B-7742-2014 FU Army Research Office [W911NF-06-1-0364, W911NF-06-1-0173]; Army Research Laboratory [DAAD19-01-2-0011] FX This work was supported in part by the Army Research Office under Grants W911NF-06-1-0364 and W911NF-06-1-0173, and the Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0011. NR 32 TC 99 Z9 112 U1 2 U2 12 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0733-8716 J9 IEEE J SEL AREA COMM JI IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 27 IS 9 BP 1535 EP 1544 DI 10.1109/JSAC.2009.091203 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 526SX UT WOS:000272315200003 ER PT J AU Qiu, JX Levush, B Pasour, J Katz, A Armstrong, CM Whaley, DR Tucek, J Kreischer, K Gallagher, D AF Qiu, Joe X. Levush, Baruch Pasour, John Katz, Allen Armstrong, Carter M. Whaley, David R. Tucek, Jack Kreischer, Kenneth Gallagher, David TI Vacuum Tube Amplifiers SO IEEE MICROWAVE MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID TRAVELING-WAVE TUBES; MICROWAVE-POWER MODULE; PERFORMANCE; STABILITY; CATHODE; DESIGN C1 [Qiu, Joe X.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Levush, Baruch; Pasour, John] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Katz, Allen] Coll New Jersey, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Ewing, NJ USA. [Katz, Allen] Linearizer Technol Inc, Hamilton, NJ 08619 USA. [Armstrong, Carter M.; Whaley, David R.] Electron Devices Div, San Carlos, CA 94070 USA. [Tucek, Jack; Kreischer, Kenneth; Gallagher, David] Northrop Grumman Corp, Rolling Meadows, IL 60008 USA. RP Qiu, JX (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM joe.qiu@arl.army.mil RI Vage, Lars/D-2602-2010 NR 47 TC 39 Z9 43 U1 5 U2 21 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1527-3342 EI 1557-9581 J9 IEEE MICROW MAG JI IEEE Microw. Mag. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 10 IS 7 BP 38 EP 51 DI 10.1109/MMM.2009.934517 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 521VP UT WOS:000271953200005 ER PT J AU Kindt, RW Kragalott, M Parent, MG Tavik, GC AF Kindt, Rick W. Kragalott, Mark Parent, Mark G. Tavik, Gregory C. TI Preliminary Investigations of a Low-Cost Ultrawideband Array Concept SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE Ultrawideband (UWB) antenna arrays AB A design concept is presented that achieves ultra-wideband (UWB) array performance with significantly fewer elements than the traditional approach of using a single wideband antenna element type to fully populate the array. Starting from a conventional 8: 1 bandwidth array design of a given aperture size, an array of equivalent aperture and bandwidth is created using scaled elements of three different sizes. This wavelength-scaled equivalent array has fewer than 18% of the original element count, i.e., roughly 6-times fewer elements, a similar reduction in weight, and most importantly, a significant reduction in electronics required to feed the array. If proven viable, array architectures of this type could make UWB arrays significantly more cost effective. In this preliminary numerical study, rigorous full-wave simulation tools are used to test the performance of small but informative wavelength-scaled array configurations of flared-notch radiators for the single-polarization case. C1 [Kindt, Rick W.; Kragalott, Mark; Parent, Mark G.; Tavik, Gregory C.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kindt, RW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM rick.kindt@nrl.navy.mil NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 57 IS 12 BP 3791 EP 3799 DI 10.1109/TAP.2009.2027210 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 526SK UT WOS:000272313500016 ER PT J AU Rakvic, RN Ulis, BJ Broussard, RP Ives, RW Steiner, N AF Rakvic, Ryan N. Ulis, Bradley J. Broussard, Randy P. Ives, Robert W. Steiner, Neil TI Parallelizing Iris Recognition SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY LA English DT Article DE Biometrics; field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs); iris recognition; parallel computing ID SYSTEM AB Iris recognition is one of the most accurate biometric methods in use today. However, the iris recognition algorithms are currently implemented on general purpose sequential processing systems, such as generic central processing units (CPUs). In this work, we present a more direct and parallel processing alternative using field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), offering an opportunity to increase speed and potentially alter the form factor of the resulting system. Within the means of this project, the most time-consuming operations of a modern iris recognition algorithm are deconstructed and directly parallelized. In particular, portions of iris segmentation, template creation, and template matching are parallelized on an FPGA-based system, with a demonstrated speedup of 9.6, 324, and 19 times, respectively, when compared to a state-of-the-art CPU-based version. Furthermore, the parallel algorithm on our FPGA also greatly outperforms our calculated theoretical best Intel CPU design. Finally, on a state-of-the-art FPGA, we conclude that a full implementation of a very fast iris recognition algorithm is more than feasible, providing a potential small form-factor solution. C1 [Rakvic, Ryan N.; Ulis, Bradley J.; Broussard, Randy P.; Ives, Robert W.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Steiner, Neil] Univ So Calif, Inst Informat Sci, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Rakvic, RN (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM rakvic@usna.edu; bjulis@nps.edu; broussar@usna.edu; ives@usna.edu; neil.steiner@east.isi.edu FU Department of Defense and in part by the Information Sciences Institute-East FX Manuscript received February 16, 2009; revised July 23, 2009. First published September 22, 2009; current version published November 18, 2009. This work was supported in part by the Department of Defense and in part by the Information Sciences Institute-East. The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Prof. Vijaya Kumar Bhagavatula. NR 25 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1556-6013 J9 IEEE T INF FOREN SEC JI IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensic Secur. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 4 IS 4 BP 812 EP 823 DI 10.1109/TIFS.2009.2032012 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 522AG UT WOS:000271968200006 ER PT J AU Kobayashi, D Hirose, K Ferlet-Cavrois, V McMorrow, D Makino, T Ikeda, H Arai, Y Ohno, M AF Kobayashi, Daisuke Hirose, Kazuyuki Ferlet-Cavrois, Veronique McMorrow, Dale Makino, Takahiro Ikeda, Hirokazu Arai, Yasuo Ohno, Morifumi TI Device-Physics-Based Analytical Model for Single-Event Transients in SOI CMOS Logic SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE CMOS devices; digital circuits; heavy ions; lasers; semiconductor device radiation effects; SOI technology; single-event effect (SEE); single-event modeling; single-event transient (SETs); soft errors; silicon-on-insulator (SOI) ID SEU RESISTANCE; HEAVY-ION; CIRCUITS; PROPAGATION; TECHNOLOGY; CURRENTS; TRANSISTORS; NEUTRON; UPSETS; PULSES AB An analytical model is developed to calculate the single-event transient (SET) pulse widths in advanced silicon-on-insulator (SOI) CMOS logic. Waveform analysis reveals that the width of the pulses is large enough to exhibit rail-to-rail trapezoidal waveforms, which are a typical shape for SET pulses in SOI CMOS logic irradiated by ions hitting the center of MOS gates at normal incidence, consisting of two time components. Based on their physical mechanisms, they are modeled as functions of the irradiation and device parameters. The widths and their trends predicted by the model are in good agreement with numerical device simulations and pulsed-laser experimental results. C1 [Kobayashi, Daisuke; Hirose, Kazuyuki; Ikeda, Hirokazu] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Dept Spacecraft Engn, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Ferlet-Cavrois, Veronique] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. [McMorrow, Dale] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Makino, Takahiro] Grad Univ Adv Studies, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Arai, Yasuo] High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Ohno, Morifumi] OKI Semicond Co Ltd, Tokyo 1938550, Japan. RP Kobayashi, D (reprint author), Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Dept Spacecraft Engn, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. EM d.kobayashi@isas.jaxa.jp; hirose@isas.jaxa.jp; veronique.ferlet@cea.fr; mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; makino.takahiro@jaea.go.jp; ikeda.hirokazu@jaxa.jp; yasuo.arai@kek.jp; morifumi-ohno@aist.go.jp NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3043 EP 3049 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2034004 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900006 ER PT J AU Amusan, OA Casey, MC Bhuva, BL McMorrow, D Gadlage, MJ Melinger, JS Massengill, LW AF Amusan, O. A. Casey, M. C. Bhuva, B. L. McMorrow, D. Gadlage, M. J. Melinger, J. S. Massengill, L. W. TI Laser Verification of Charge Sharing in a 90 nm Bulk CMOS Process SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Charge collection; charge sharing; guard-diodes; guard-rings; NMOS; nodal spacing; single event characterization; single event charge collection ID 2-PHOTON ABSORPTION; SINGLE; TECHNOLOGY; MITIGATION; COLLECTION; UPSETS AB Charge-collection circuits were designed and fabricated in a 90 nm bulk CMOS process to examine the effects of charge sharing in sub-100 nm bulk CMOS processes. Laser interrogation of the charge-collection circuits provide the first direct verification of sub-100 nm charge sharing effects and show the nodal spacing dependence of charge sharing. 3-D TCAD simulations corroborate the laser data and also show the use of guard-diodes as an effective charge sharing mitigation technique. C1 [Amusan, O. A.; Casey, M. C.; Bhuva, B. L.; Gadlage, M. J.; Massengill, L. W.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [McMorrow, D.; Melinger, J. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Amusan, OA (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM oluwole.a.amusan@van-derbilt.edu; megan.c.casey@vanderbilt.edu; mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3065 EP 3070 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2032285 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900009 ER PT J AU Pellish, JA Reed, RA McMorrow, D Vizkelethy, G Cavrois, VF Baggio, J Paillet, P Duhamel, O Moen, KA Phillips, SD Diestelhorst, RM Cressler, JD Sutton, AK Raman, A Turowski, M Dodd, PE Alles, ML Schrimpf, RD Marshall, PW LaBel, KA AF Pellish, Jonathan A. Reed, Robert A. McMorrow, Dale Vizkelethy, Gyorgy Cavrois, Veronique Ferlet Baggio, Jacques Paillet, Philippe Duhamel, Olivier Moen, Kurt A. Phillips, Stanley D. Diestelhorst, Ryan M. Cressler, John D. Sutton, Akil K. Raman, Ashok Turowski, Marek Dodd, Paul E. Alles, Michael L. Schrimpf, Ronald D. Marshall, Paul W. LaBel, Kenneth A. TI Heavy Ion Microbeam- and Broadbeam-Induced Transients in SiGe HBTs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Heavy ion; real-time oscilloscope; silicon-germanium heterojunction bipolar transistor (SiGe HBT); transient ID SINGLE-EVENT UPSET; ENERGY-DEPOSITION; CHARGE-COLLECTION; SEU; CIRCUIT; SILICON; LOGIC; SIMULATION; TRACK; ELECTRON AB Silicon-germanium heterojunction bipolar transistor (SiGe HBT) heavy ion-induced current transients are measured using Sandia National Laboratories' microbeam and high- and low-energy broadbeam sources at the Grand Accelerateur National d'Ions Lourds, Caen, France, and the University of Jyvaskyla, Finland. The data were captured using a custom broadband IC package and real-time digital phosphor oscilloscopes with at least 16 GHz of analog bandwidth. These data provide detailed insight into the effects of ion strike location, range, and LET. C1 [Pellish, Jonathan A.; LaBel, Kenneth A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Flight Data Syst & Radiat Effects Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Reed, Robert A.; Alles, Michael L.; Schrimpf, Ronald D.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [McMorrow, Dale] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Vizkelethy, Gyorgy; Dodd, Paul E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Cavrois, Veronique Ferlet; Baggio, Jacques; Paillet, Philippe; Duhamel, Olivier] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. [Moen, Kurt A.; Phillips, Stanley D.; Diestelhorst, Ryan M.; Cressler, John D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Sutton, Akil K.] IBM Corp, Semicond Res & Dev Ctr, Hopewell Jct, NY 12533 USA. [Raman, Ashok; Turowski, Marek] CFD Res Corp, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Marshall, Paul W.] NASA, Brookneal, VA 24528 USA. RP Pellish, JA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Flight Data Syst & Radiat Effects Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM jonathan.a.pellish@nasa.gov RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013; OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701; Moen, Kurt/0000-0001-7697-8636 NR 36 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3078 EP 3084 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2034158 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900011 ER PT J AU Chen, DK Buchner, SP Phan, AM Kim, HS Sternberg, AL McMorrow, D LaBel, KA AF Chen, Dakai Buchner, Stephen P. Phan, Anthony M. Kim, Hak S. Sternberg, Andrew L. McMorrow, Dale LaBel, Kenneth A. TI The Effects of Elevated Temperature on Pulsed-Laser-Induced Single Event Transients in Analog Devices SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Analog integrated circuits; bipolar circuits; elevated temperature effects; lasers; radiation hardness assurance; single event transients (SETs) ID OPERATIONAL-AMPLIFIER; INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS; DEPENDENCE; TRANSISTORS AB We present results of laser-induced analog SETs at elevated temperatures. We found increasing pulse widths with increasing temperature for the LM124. We also observed increasing pulse amplitudes with increasing temperature for several sensitive transistors in the LM139. However the response from the input transistor was a rapidly shrinking SET, suggesting that the SET threshold increases at elevated temperatures for the input stage transistors. In addition we observed increases in the SET leading edge fall times with increasing temperature for the LM139 that are consistent with independently measured slew rates. Simulations revealed that the dominant mechanism is bipolar current gain enhancement at elevated temperatures. These temperature-induced changes to the SETs may have critical implications for radiation hardness assurance. C1 [Chen, Dakai; Buchner, Stephen P.; Phan, Anthony M.; Kim, Hak S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, MEI Technol Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Sternberg, Andrew L.] Vanderbilt Univ, ISDE, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [McMorrow, Dale] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Chen, DK (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, MEI Technol Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM dakai.chen-1@nasa.gov; stephen.buchner@globalgroup.us.com; anthony.m.phan@nasa.gov; hak.s.kim@nasa.gov; an-drew.sternberg@vanderbilt.edu; mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; ken-neth.a.label@nasa.gov NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3138 EP 3144 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2032763 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900019 ER PT J AU Park, H Cummings, DJ Arora, R Pellish, JA Reed, RA Schrimpf, RD McMorrow, D Armstrong, SE Roh, U Nishida, T Law, ME Thompson, SE AF Park, Hyunwoo Cummings, Daniel J. Arora, Rajan Pellish, Jonathan A. Reed, Robert A. Schrimpf, Ronald D. McMorrow, Dale Armstrong, Sarah E. Roh, Ukjin Nishida, Toshikazu Law, Mark E. Thompson, Scott E. TI Laser-Induced Current Transients in Strained-Si Diodes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Current transient; pulsed laser; silicon diode; single event transient (SET); single event upset (SEU); strained-silicon; uniaxial stress ID PIEZORESISTANCE COEFFICIENTS; SILICON; COLLECTION; MICROELECTRONICS; ABSORPTION; MOBILITY; STRESS; CHARGE; CMOS AB Laser-induced current transients are measured on uniaxially stressed silicon (Si) N+/P diodes using a high speed measurement system. Controlled external mechanical stress along the < 110 > direction is applied via a four-point bending jig while the samples are irradiated using a cavity-dumped dye laser with a wavelength of 590 nm. A decrease in the peak current is observed for increasing tensile stress applied to the diode. Unlike tensile stress, compressive stress increases the peak current. Charge collection is observed to decrease with tensile and increase with compressive stress. These results suggest that uniaxial mechanical stress alters the current transients due to strain-induced changes in electron mobility along the < 001 > direction. The average effective electron mass along the < 001 > direction increases with tensile and decreases with compressive stress resulting from the splitting of degenerate conduction band valleys and the repopulation of electrons from higher to lower valleys. The Florida object oriented device simulator (FLOODS) is used to explain the mechanism of current transients in unstressed and stressed diodes. FLOODS is also used to predict results for values of applied stress (similar to 1 GPa) beyond those that can be obtained using the bending jig (similar to 240 MPa). C1 [Park, Hyunwoo; Cummings, Daniel J.; Roh, Ukjin; Nishida, Toshikazu; Law, Mark E.; Thompson, Scott E.] Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Arora, Rajan; Reed, Robert A.; Schrimpf, Ronald D.; Armstrong, Sarah E.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Pellish, Jonathan A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [McMorrow, Dale] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Park, H (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM hwpark76@ufl.edu; danieljc@ufl.edu; rajan.arora@vanderbilt.edu; Jonathan.A.Pellish@nasa.gov; robert.reed@vanderbilt.edu; ron.schrimpf@vander-bilt.edu; mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; sarah.armstrong@vanderbilt.edu; ukroh@ufl.edu; nishida@ufl.edu; law@tec.ufl.edu; thompson@ece.ufl.edu RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013 OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701 NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3203 EP 3209 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2033361 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900029 ER PT J AU Casey, MC Armstrong, SE Arora, R King, MP Ahlbin, JR Francis, SA Bhuva, BL McMorrow, D Hughes, HL McMarr, PJ Melinger, JS Massengill, LW AF Casey, Megan C. Armstrong, Sarah E. Arora, Rajan King, Michael P. Ahlbin, Jonathan R. Francis, S. Ashley Bhuva, Bharat L. McMorrow, Dale Hughes, Harold L. McMarr, Patrick J. Melinger, Joseph S. Massengill, Lloyd W. TI Effect of Total Ionizing Dose on a Bulk 130 nm Ring Oscillator Operating at Ultra-Low Power SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE CMOS circuits; digital circuits; radiation effects; radiation effects in ICs; single-event charge collection; single-event effects; single-event transients; single-event upset; total dose effects ID HIGHER HARMONIC-GENERATION; 2-PHOTON ABSORPTION; THROUGH-WAFER; DESIGN AB Total ionizing dose experiments showed an increase in operating frequency (and therefore, power consumption) in bulk CMOS ring oscillators when operated at ultra-low power supply voltages. Combined-environment experiments showed the single-event susceptibility of ULP circuits increases with total dose exposure. To operate ULP circuits in a total dose environment and ensure there is little change in their circuit characteristics, the supply voltage should be greater than 400 mV. C1 [Casey, Megan C.; Armstrong, Sarah E.; Arora, Rajan; King, Michael P.; Ahlbin, Jonathan R.; Francis, S. Ashley; Bhuva, Bharat L.; Massengill, Lloyd W.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Armstrong, Sarah E.] NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47533 USA. [McMorrow, Dale; Hughes, Harold L.; McMarr, Patrick J.; Melinger, Joseph S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Casey, MC (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM megan.c.casey@vanderbilt.edu NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3262 EP 3266 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2033919 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900038 ER PT J AU Weaver, BD Aifer, EH AF Weaver, B. D. Aifer, E. H. TI Radiation Effects in Type-Two Antimonide Superlattice Infrared Detectors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Antimonide-based superlattices; infrared detectors; displacement damage; space characterization AB One-MeV proton irradiation of antimonide superlattice infrared detectors intended for use in space decreases the quantum efficiency, increases leakage and decreases the activation energy for carrier diffusion. Still, the devices show high radiation tolerance: The fluence at which noticable degradation is observed, 5 X 10(11) H(+)/cm(2), is equivalent to about 1 Mrad(Si). C1 [Weaver, B. D.; Aifer, E. H.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Weaver, BD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM bradley.weaver@nrl.navy.mil; aifer@estd.nrl.navy.mil NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3307 EP 3309 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2033996 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900045 ER PT J AU Ladbury, RL Benedetto, J McMorrow, D Buchner, SP Label, KA Berg, MD Kim, HS Sanders, AB Friendlich, MR Phan, A AF Ladbury, Ray L. Benedetto, Joe McMorrow, Dale Buchner, Stephen P. Label, Kenneth A. Berg, Melanie D. Kim, Hak S. Sanders, Anthony B. Friendlich, Mark R. Phan, Anthony TI TPA Laser and Heavy-Ion SEE Testing: Complementary Techniques for SDRAM Single-Event Evaluation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Quality assurance; reliability estimation; SDRAMs; single-event effects ID 2-PHOTON ABSORPTION; THROUGH-WAFER AB We report on complementary use of two-photon absorption laser and heavy-ion SEE testing to evaluate the single-event response of SDRAMs. The tandem testing technique helps disentangle the response of devices exhibiting multiple SEE modes. C1 [Ladbury, Ray L.; Label, Kenneth A.; Berg, Melanie D.; Kim, Hak S.; Sanders, Anthony B.; Friendlich, Mark R.; Phan, Anthony] NASA, MEI Technol Inc, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Benedetto, Joe] Radiat Assured Devices, Colorado Springs, CO 80919 USA. [McMorrow, Dale] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Buchner, Stephen P.] Global Strategies Grp, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Ladbury, RL (reprint author), NASA, MEI Technol Inc, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM raymond.L.Ladbury.1@gsfc.nasa.gov; jbenedetto@radiationassureddevices.com; mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; stephen.buchner.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; kenneth.a.label@nasa.gov; Melanie.D.Berg@nasa.gov; hak.s.kim@nasa.gov; anthony.b.sanders@nasa.gov; mark.r.friendlich@nasa.gov; anthony.m.phan@nasa.gov NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3334 EP 3340 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2033690 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900049 ER PT J AU Armstrong, SE Olson, BD Popp, J Braatz, J Loveless, TD Holman, WT McMorrow, D Massengill, LW AF Armstrong, S. E. Olson, B. D. Popp, J. Braatz, J. Loveless, T. D. Holman, W. T. McMorrow, D. Massengill, L. W. TI Single-Event Transient Error Characterization of a Radiation-Hardened by Design 90 nm SerDes Transmitter Driver SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Serializer-deserializer; single-event effects; single-event transients; space applications; two-photon absorption ID 2-PHOTON ABSORPTION; THROUGH-WAFER AB The analysis and measurement of a radiation hardened by design 3.125 Gbps SerDes transmitter driver fabricated in commercial 90 nm CMOS is presented. The transmit driver is implemented in thick oxide 2.5 V devices. Testing and simulation of laser-induced single-event transients of a fabricated driver section are discussed. A highly-flexible data collection technique that allows post-processing of data for different error types and thresholds within a single data set is presented. This effort represents the first single-event effects measurement and analysis on a highly-scaled analog/RF CMOS circuit element operating at GHz frequencies. Sensitive nodes are identified through experiment and simulation. C1 [Armstrong, S. E.] NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA. [Armstrong, S. E.; Olson, B. D.; Loveless, T. D.; Holman, W. T.; Massengill, L. W.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Radiat Effects Grp, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Popp, J.; Braatz, J.] Boeing Co, Solid State Elect Dev Grp, Seattle, WA 98124 USA. [McMorrow, D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Armstrong, SE (reprint author), NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA. EM sarah.armstrong@vanderbilt.edu; b.olson@vanderbilt.edu; jeremy.popp@boeing.com; mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil RI Loveless, Thomas/G-9420-2011; Loveless, Thomas/C-7132-2016 NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3463 EP 3468 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2033924 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900068 ER PT J AU Gouker, PM Gadlage, MJ McMorrow, D McMarr, P Hughes, H Wyatt, P Keast, C Bhuva, BL Narasimham, B AF Gouker, Pascale M. Gadlage, Matthew J. McMorrow, Dale McMarr, Patrick Hughes, Harold Wyatt, Peter Keast, Craig Bhuva, Bharat L. Narasimham, Balaji TI Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Digital Single Event Transients in a 180-nm Fully Depleted SOI Process SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference CY JUL 20-24, 2009 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE DE Floating body; fully depleted silicon-on-insulator; gamma radiation; heavy ions; ionizing radiation; laser irradiation; single-event transients; total ionizing dose ID PROPAGATION; LOGIC AB Effects of ionizing radiation on single event transients are reported for Fully Depleted SOI (FDSOI) technology using experiments and simulations. Logic circuits, i.e. CMOS inverter chains, were irradiated with cobalt-60 gamma radiation. When charge is induced in the n-channel FET with laser-probing techniques, laser-induced transients widen with increased total dose. This is because radiation causes charge to be trapped in the buried oxide, and reduces the p-channel FET drive current. When the p-channel FET drive current is reduced, the time required to restore the output of the laser-probed FET back to its original condition is increased, i.e. the upset transient width is increased. A widening of the transient pulse is also observed when a positive bias is applied to the wafer without any exposure to radiation. This is because a positive wafer bias reproduces the shifts in FET threshold voltages that occur during total dose irradiation. Results were also verified with heavy ion testing and mixed mode simulations. C1 [Gouker, Pascale M.; Wyatt, Peter; Keast, Craig] MIT, Lincoln Lab, Adv Silicon Technol Grp, Lexington, MA 02450 USA. [Gadlage, Matthew J.] NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA. [Gadlage, Matthew J.; Bhuva, Bharat L.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [McMorrow, Dale; McMarr, Patrick; Hughes, Harold] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Narasimham, Balaji] Broadcom Inc, Irvine, CA 92617 USA. RP Gouker, PM (reprint author), MIT, Lincoln Lab, Adv Silicon Technol Grp, Lexington, MA 02450 USA. EM pgouker@ll.mit.edu; matthew.j.gad-lage@vanderbilt.edu; mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; riskater@aol.com; hughes@estd.nrl.navy.mil; wyatt@ll.mit.edu; keast@ll.mit.edu; Bhuva@eecsmail.vuse.vanderbilt.edu; balajin@broadcom.com NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3477 EP 3482 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2034153 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PN UT WOS:000272604900070 ER PT J AU Krawczynski, H Garson, A Martin, J Li, Q Beilicke, M Dowkontt, P Lee, K Wulf, E Kurfess, J Novikova, EI De Geronimo, G Baring, MG Harding, AK Grindlay, J Hong, JS AF Krawczynski, H. Garson, A., III Martin, J. Li, Q. Beilicke, M. Dowkontt, P. Lee, K. Wulf, E. Kurfess, J. Novikova, E. I. De Geronimo, G. Baring, M. G. Harding, A. K. Grindlay, J. Hong, J. S. TI HX-POLA Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Gamma-ray astronomy; gamma-ray astronomy detectors; polarization; semiconductor radiation detectors; X-ray astronomy; X-ray astronomy detectors ID POLARIZATION; CMOS; PULSARS; PROSPECTS; SPECTRUM; BURST AB We report on the design and estimated performance of a balloon-borne hard X-ray polarimeter called HX-POL. The experiment uses a combination of Si and Cadmium Zinc Telluride detectors to measure the polarization of 50 keV-400 keV X-rays from cosmic sources through the dependence of the angular distribution of Compton scattered photons on the polarization direction. On a one-day balloon flight, HX-POL would allow us to measure the polarization of bright Crab-like sources for polarization degrees well below 10%. On a longer (15-30 day) flight from Australia or Antarctica, HX-POL would be be able to measure the polarization of bright galactic X-ray sources down to polarization degrees of a few percent. Hard X-ray polarization measurements provide unique venues for the study of particle acceleration processes by compact objects and relativistic outflows. In this paper, we discuss the overall instrument design and performance. Furthermore, we present results from laboratory tests of the Si and CZT detectors. C1 [Krawczynski, H.; Garson, A., III; Martin, J.; Li, Q.; Beilicke, M.; Dowkontt, P.; Lee, K.] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Krawczynski, H.; Garson, A., III; Martin, J.; Li, Q.; Beilicke, M.; Dowkontt, P.; Lee, K.] McDonnel Ctr Space Sci, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Wulf, E.; Novikova, E. I.] USN, Res Lab, High Energy Space Environm Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kurfess, J.] Praxis Inc, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA. [De Geronimo, G.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77001 USA. [Harding, A. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Grindlay, J.; Hong, J. S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Krawczynski, H (reprint author), Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RI Wulf, Eric/B-1240-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012 FU Washington University; NASA [NNX07AH37G] FX The work of the Washington University group was supported by NASA under Grant NNX07AH37G. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3607 EP 3613 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2034523 PN 2 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 530PR UT WOS:000272605300006 ER PT J AU Singleton, DR Sinibaldi, JO Brophy, CM Kuthi, A Gundersen, MA AF Singleton, Daniel R. Sinibaldi, Jose O. Brophy, Christopher M. Kuthi, Andras Gundersen, Martin A. TI Compact Pulsed-Power System for Transient Plasma Ignition SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Combustion; deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT); pseudospark; pulse detonation engine (PDE); streamers; transient plasma ID COMBUSTION; DISCHARGE; MIXTURES; DESIGN AB The use of a compact solid-state pulse generator and compact igniters for transient plasma ignition in a pulse detonation engine (PDE) is reported and compared with previous results using a pseudospark pulse generator and threaded rod electrode. Transient plasma is attractive as a technology for the ignition of PDEs and other engine applications because it results in reductions in ignition delay and has been shown to ignite leaner mixtures which allows for lower specific fuel consumption, high-repetition rates, high-altitude operation, and reduced NOx emissions. It has been applied effectively to the ignition of PDEs as well as internal combustion engines. Nonequilibrium transient plasma discharges are produced by applying high-voltage nanosecond pulses that generate streamers, which generate radicals and other electronically excited species over a volume. The pulse generator used is in this experiment is capable of delivering 180 mJ into a 200-Omega load, in the form of a 60-kV 12-ns pulse. Combined with transient plasma igniters comparable with traditional spark plugs, the system was successfully tested in a PDE, resulting in similar ignition delays to those previously reported while using a smaller electrode geometry and delivering an order of magnitude less energy. C1 [Singleton, Daniel R.; Kuthi, Andras; Gundersen, Martin A.] Univ So Calif, Dept Elect Engn Electrophys, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Sinibaldi, Jose O.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Brophy, Christopher M.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Mech & Astronaut Engn Dept, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Singleton, DR (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Elect Engn Electrophys, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM dsinglet@usc.edu; josiniba@nps.edu; cmbrophy@nps.edu; kuthi@usc.edu; mag@usc.edu OI Sinibaldi, Jose/0000-0002-9871-0590 FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 37 IS 12 BP 2275 EP 2279 DI 10.1109/TPS.2009.2024672 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 530PW UT WOS:000272605800002 ER PT J AU Engel, TG Veracka, MJ Neri, JM Boyer, CN AF Engel, Thomas G. Veracka, Michael J. Neri, Jesse M. Boyer, Craig N. TI Design of Low-Current High-Efficiency Augmented Railguns SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Electromagnetic launching; linear motors; railguns AB Properly designed augmented railguns (ARGs) can operate at significantly lower currents and higher efficiency than conventional non-ARGs. This paper analyzes the performance of a two-turn and a three-turn ARG showing the design parameters that are needed to achieve low-current high-efficiency operation. The ARG of this paper has a 40-mm square bore and is 820 mm long. Typical operating currents are from 150 to 300 kA with pulsewidths of approximately 6 to 8 ms. Projectile mass is typically in the range of 130 to 400 g. Projectile velocity is variable from 50 to 250 m/s. Experimental performance is compared with the theoretical predictions of the recently developed electromagnetic launcher (EML) equation. There is a good agreement between measured efficiency and theoretical predictions providing further confirmation of the EML equation. Deviations between measured efficiency and theoretical predictions are attributed to a poor sliding contact. The data also provide further evidence of the recently reported velocity-skin-effect in the contact. C1 [Engel, Thomas G.] Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Veracka, Michael J.] USN, Res Lab, TEW Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Neri, Jesse M.; Boyer, Craig N.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Boyer, Craig N.] L3 Commun, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. RP Engel, TG (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM engelt@missouri.edu FU U.S. Naval Research Laboratory [N00173-02-C-2012] FX Manuscript received May 13, 2009; revised August 17, 2009 and September 16, 2009. Current version published December 11, 2009. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory under Contract N00173-02-C-2012. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 37 IS 12 BP 2385 EP 2389 DI 10.1109/TPS.2009.2032914 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 530PY UT WOS:000272606000010 ER PT J AU Gao, XS Zhang, TT Hayden, M Roe, C AF Gao, Xiaosheng Zhang, Tingting Hayden, Matthew Roe, Charles TI Effects of the stress state on plasticity and ductile failure of an aluminum 5083 alloy SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY LA English DT Article DE Hydrostatic stress; Lode angle; Third invariant J(3); Plasticity; Ductile failure ID DEFORMATION-BEHAVIOR; VOID GROWTH; FRACTURE CHARACTERISTICS; HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; ELLIPSOIDAL CAVITIES; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; NONSPHERICAL VOIDS; APPROXIMATE MODELS; RUPTURE MECHANISMS; COMBINED TENSION AB The experimental and numerical work presented in this paper reveals that stress state has strong effects on both the plastic response and the ductile fracture behavior of an aluminum 5083 alloy. As a result, the hydrostatic stress and the third invariant of the stress deviator (which is related to the Lode angle) need to be incorporated in the material modeling. These findings challenge the classical J(2) plasticity theory and provide a blueprint for the establishment of the stress state dependent plasticity and ductile fracture models for aluminum structural reliability assessments. Further investigations are planned to advance, calibrate and validate the new plasticity and ductile fracture models. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gao, Xiaosheng; Zhang, Tingting] Univ Akron, Dept Mech Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Hayden, Matthew; Roe, Charles] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Alloy Dev & Mech Branch, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Gao, XS (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Mech Engn, 302 Buchtel Common, Akron, OH 44325 USA. EM xgao@uakron.edu NR 55 TC 77 Z9 80 U1 3 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0749-6419 EI 1879-2154 J9 INT J PLASTICITY JI Int. J. Plast. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 25 IS 12 BP 2366 EP 2382 DI 10.1016/j.ijplas.2009.03.006 PG 17 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA 522NH UT WOS:000272004400006 ER PT J AU Marten, K Johnson, TH Mason, MC AF Marten, Kimberly Johnson, Thomas H. Mason, M. Chris TI Misunderstanding Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Area? SO INTERNATIONAL SECURITY LA English DT Letter C1 [Marten, Kimberly] Columbia Univ Barnard Coll, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Johnson, Thomas H.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Johnson, Thomas H.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Program Culture & Conflict Studies, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. RP Marten, K (reprint author), Columbia Univ Barnard Coll, New York, NY 10027 USA. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU M I T PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN STREET, STE 500, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142-1046 USA SN 0162-2889 J9 INT SECURITY JI Int. Secur. PD WIN PY 2009 VL 33 IS 3 BP 180 EP 185 DI 10.1162/isec.2009.33.3.180 PG 6 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA 405GS UT WOS:000263211600006 ER PT J AU Cheney, M Borden, B AF Cheney, Margaret Borden, Brett TI Problems in synthetic-aperture radar imaging SO INVERSE PROBLEMS LA English DT Review ID WAVE-FORM DESIGN; INVERSE BACKSCATTERING; CLUTTER REJECTION; TARGET DETECTION; MOVING TARGETS; SAR; SCATTERING; FOREST; NOISE; RECONSTRUCTION AB The purpose of this review is to explain the basics of synthetic-aperture radar imaging to the Inverse Problems audience, and to list a variety of associated open problems. C1 [Cheney, Margaret] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Borden, Brett] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Cheney, M (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. FU Naval Postgraduate School; Air Force Office of Scientific Research3 [FA9550-09-1-0013] FX The authors would like to thank the Naval Postgraduate School and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research3, which supported this work under agreement no. FA9550-09-1-0013. NR 118 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0266-5611 J9 INVERSE PROBL JI Inverse Probl. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 25 IS 12 AR 123005 DI 10.1088/0266-5611/25/12/123005 PG 18 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 561SI UT WOS:000274998800006 ER PT J AU Boisvert, C Beverly, DT McClatchey, SK AF Boisvert, Chantal Beverly, David T. McClatchey, Scott K. TI Theoretical strategy for choosing piggyback intraocular lens powers in young children SO JOURNAL OF AAPOS LA English DT Article ID CHILDHOOD; CATARACT AB INTRODUCTION The normal growth of a young child's pseudophakic eye can result in a large myopic shift. Temporary polypseudophakia using piggyback intraocular lenses (IOLs) has been proposed as a means to reduce the amount of myopic shift by removing the anterior IOL when the eve becomes sufficiently myopic. Since the rate of refractive growth can be used to predict the refractive curve over time in pseudophakic children, we used this knowledge to develop a theoretical strategy for choosing IOL power combinations for temporary polypseudophakia. METHODS We used a novel Pediatric Piggyback IOL Calculator to develop a strategy for choosing the powers of the anterior and posterior IOLs. We graphed the predicted results for several combinations of piggyback IOL powers and chose the combination of IOL powers that appeared to give the best results, based on the known rate of refractive growth (5.4 D) and its standard deviation (2.4 D). We aimed for a combination to minimize the hyperopic or myopic refractive error during the first 6 years of life to facilitate amblyopia management and minimize the refractive error at age 20 years. RESULTS We found optimal results when the initial postoperative goal refraction with polypseudophakia was moderate hyperopia and the anterior IOL had approximately 20% of the total required IOL power. CONCLUSIONS This theoretical strategy can be used to determine piggyback IOL powers to use in children. (J AAPOS 2009;13:555-557) C1 [McClatchey, Scott K.] USN, Naval Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Boisvert, Chantal] Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [McClatchey, Scott K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [McClatchey, Scott K.] Loma Linda Univ, Loma Linda, CA 92350 USA. RP McClatchey, SK (reprint author), USN, Naval Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, Suite 202,34520 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM Scott.McClatchey@med.navy.mil NR 6 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1091-8531 J9 J AAPOS JI J. AAPOS PD DEC PY 2009 VL 13 IS 6 BP 555 EP 557 DI 10.1016/j.jaapos.2009.10.001 PG 3 WC Ophthalmology; Pediatrics SC Ophthalmology; Pediatrics GA 542QU UT WOS:000273510700006 PM 20006815 ER PT J AU McCarthy, T AF McCarthy, Tom TI Autophobia: Love and Hate in the Automotive Age SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [McCarthy, Tom] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP McCarthy, T (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGANIZATION AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47408 USA SN 0021-8723 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 96 IS 3 BP 875 EP 875 PG 1 WC History SC History GA 544JK UT WOS:000273652200079 ER PT J AU Kim, CS Kim, M Larrabee, DC Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR Lee, SH Kafafi, ZH AF Kim, C. S. Kim, M. Larrabee, D. C. Vurgaftman, I. Meyer, J. R. Lee, S. H. Kafafi, Z. H. TI Enhanced performance of organic light-emitting diodes using two-dimensional zinc sulfide photonic crystals SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE brightness; II-VI semiconductors; organic light emitting diodes; photonic crystals; zinc compounds ID EXTRACTION-EFFICIENCY; PHOSPHORESCENCE AB The light extraction efficiency of an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) was significantly enhanced upon incorporating a photonic-crystal (PC) pattern consisting of ZnS pillars residing on top of the transparent anode-glass substrate. The luminance efficiency of the PC-OLED is enhanced by a factor of 2.1 to 2.4 depending on the periodicity of the PC structure, when compared to that of a control OLED operating under the same conditions. C1 [Kim, C. S.; Kim, M.; Larrabee, D. C.; Vurgaftman, I.; Meyer, J. R.] USN, Res Lab, Quantum Elect Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lee, S. H.; Kafafi, Z. H.] USN, Res Lab, Organ Optoelect Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kim, CS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Quantum Elect Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM igor.vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil; zkafafi@nsf.gov NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 11 AR 113105 DI 10.1063/1.3264886 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533QF UT WOS:000272838600005 ER PT J AU Murthy, OVSN Venkataraman, V Sharma, RK Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR AF Murthy, Oruganty V. S. N. Venkataraman, V. Sharma, R. K. Vurgaftman, I. Meyer, J. R. TI Multicarrier conduction and Boltzmann transport analysis of heavy hole mobility in HgCdTe near room temperature SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Boltzmann equation; electrical conductivity; electrical resistivity; galvanomagnetic effects; hole mobility; II-VI semiconductors; impurity scattering; mercury compounds; phonons; semiconductor growth; valence bands ID MERCURY-CADMIUM-TELLURIDE; P-TYPE HGCDTE; SCATTERING MECHANISMS; ELECTRON-MOBILITY; VALENCE-BAND; HG1-XCDXTE; SEMICONDUCTORS; STATE AB Magnetotransport measurements in pulsed fields up to 15 T have been performed on mercury cadmium telluride (Hg(1-x)Cd(x)Te, x similar to 0.2) bulk as well as liquid phase epitaxially grown samples to obtain the resistivity and conductivity tensors in the temperature range 220-300 K. Mobilities and densities of various carriers participating in conduction have been extracted using both conventional multicarrier fitting (MCF) and mobility spectrum analysis. The fits to experimental data, particularly at the highest magnetic fields, were substantially improved when MCF is applied to minimize errors simultaneously on both resistivity and conductivity tensors. The semiclassical Boltzmann transport equation has been solved without using adjustable parameters by incorporating the following scattering mechanisms to fit the mobility: ionized impurity, polar and nonpolar optical phonons, acoustic deformation potential, and alloy disorder. Compared to previous estimates based on the relaxation time approximation with outscattering only, polar optical scattering and ionized impurity scattering limited mobilities are shown to be larger due to the correct incorporation of the inscattering term taking into account the overlap integrals in the valence band. C1 [Murthy, Oruganty V. S. N.; Venkataraman, V.] Indian Inst Sci, Dept Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. [Sharma, R. K.] Solid State Phys Lab, Delhi 110054, India. [Vurgaftman, I.; Meyer, J. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Murthy, OVSN (reprint author), Indian Inst Sci, Dept Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. EM murthy@physics.iisc.ernet.in FU CSIR FX We would like to thank DST for the use of optical facility at the National Low Temperature and High Magnetic Field Facility in India. O. V. S. N. M. would like to acknowledge support from CSIR during his tenure. Thanks are also due to Professor B. M. Arora (IITB, Mumbai) for critical reading of the manuscript. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 11 AR 113708 DI 10.1063/1.3266015 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 533QF UT WOS:000272838600062 ER PT J AU Weissmann, M Dornbrack, A Doyle, JD AF Weissmann, Martin Doernbrack, Andreas Doyle, James D. TI Vorticity from Line-of-Sight Lidar Velocity Scans SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION DOPPLER LIDAR; DYNAMICS; TERRAIN; ROTOR; FLOW AB A method is presented to compute the spanwise vorticity in polar coordinates from 2D vertical cross sections of high-resolution line-of-sight Doppler wind lidar observations. The method uses the continuity equation to derive the velocity component perpendicular to the observed line-of-sight velocity, which then yields the spanwise vorticity component. The results of the method are tested using a ground-based Doppler lidar, which was deployed during the Terrain-Induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX). The resulting fields can be used to identify and quantify the strength and size of vortices, such as those associated with atmospheric rotors. Furthermore, they may serve to investigate the dynamics and evolution of vortices and to evaluate numerical simulations. A demonstration of the method and comparison with high-resolution numerical simulations reveals that the derived vorticity can explain 66% of the mean-square vorticity fluctuations, has a reasonably skillful magnitude, exhibits no significant bias, and is in qualitative agreement with model-derived vorticity. C1 [Weissmann, Martin; Doernbrack, Andreas] Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt, Inst Phys Atmosphare, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany. [Doyle, James D.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. RP Weissmann, M (reprint author), DLR, D-82230 Oberpfaffenhofen, Wessling, Germany. EM martin.weissmann@dlr.de RI Weissmann, Martin/C-9084-2013 FU National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR); U. S. National Science Foundation (NSF); Austrian Science Foundation (FWF); DLR; ONR [PE 0601153N] FX The efforts of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Field Project Support (FPS) and the T-REX staff are greatly appreciated. The primary sponsor of T-REX is the U. S. National Science Foundation (NSF); furthermore, the DLR lidar observations were sponsored by funds from the Austrian Science Foundation (FWF) and internal funds of DLR. COAMPS is a registered trademark of the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). The third author acknowledges support through ONR PE 0601153N. The Doppler lidar operated by DLR was leased from Lockheed Martin Coherent Technologies, and the technical support by Mark Vercauteren and Keith Barr is acknowledged. The assistance of Andreas Wieser (Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe) for DLR lidar observations, Matlab software from Ron Calhoun (ASU) and Christian Kuhnlein (DLR) that provided the basis for the analysis of DLR lidar data, and help from Qingfang Jiang (NRL) with the formulation of the vorticity equation in polar coordinates are highly appreciated. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 26 IS 12 BP 2683 EP 2690 DI 10.1175/2009JTECHA1260.1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 530WW UT WOS:000272624200014 ER PT J AU Tokish, JM McBratney, CM Solomon, DJ LeClere, L Dewing, CB Provencher, MT AF Tokish, John M. McBratney, Colleen M. Solomon, Daniel J. LeClere, Lance Dewing, Christopher B. Provencher, Matthew T. TI Arthroscopic Repair of Circumferential Lesions of the Glenoid Labrum SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article ID POSTERIOR SHOULDER INSTABILITY; GLENOHUMERAL INSTABILITY; SLAP LESIONS; FOLLOW-UP; ANTERIOR; STABILIZATION; DISLOCATIONS; JOINT; PATHOLOGY; 1ST-TIME AB Background: Symptomatic pan-labral or circumferential (360 degrees) tears of the glenohumeral labrum are an uncommon injury. The purpose of the present study was to report the results of surgical treatment of circumferential lesions of the glenoid labrum with use of validated outcome instruments. Methods: From July 2003 to May 2006, forty-one shoulders in thirty-nine patients (thirty-four men and five women) with a mean age of 25.1 years were prospectively enrolled in a multicenter study and were managed for a circumferential (360 degrees) lesion of the glenoid labrum. All patients had a primary diagnosis of pain and recurrent shoulder instability, and all underwent arthroscopic repair of the circumferential labral tear with a mean of 7.1 suture anchors. The outcomes for thirty-nine of the forty-one shoulders were assessed after a mean duration of follow-up of 31.8 months on the basis of the rating of pain and instability on a scale of 0 to 10, a physical examination, and three outcome instruments (the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation score, the modified American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, and the Short Form-12 score). Results: Significant improvement was noted in terms of the mean pain score (from 4.3 to 1.1), the mean instability score (from 7.3 to 0.2), the mean modified American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score (from 55.5 to 89.6), the mean Short Form-12 score (from 75.7 to 90.0), and the mean Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation score (from 36.7 to 88.5). Six shoulders required revision surgery because of recurrent instability (two), recalcitrant biceps tendinitis (two), or postoperative tightness (two). All patients returned to their preinjury activity level. Conclusions: Pan-labral or circumferential lesions are an uncommon yet extensive injury of the glenohumeral joint that may result in recurrent instability and pain. The present study demonstrates that arthroscopic capsulolabral repair with suture anchor fixation can restore the stability of the glenohumeral joint and can provide a reliable improvement in subjective and objective outcome measures. C1 [Tokish, John M.] USAF Acad, Dept Orthoped, Med Grp 10, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Tokish, JM (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Orthoped, Med Grp 10, 4102 Pinon Dr,Suite 100, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM jtoke95@aol.com NR 31 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 91A IS 12 BP 2795 EP 2802 DI 10.2106/JBJS.H.01241 PG 8 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 530DE UT WOS:000272568300003 PM 19952240 ER PT J AU Spalding, A Kernan, J Lockette, W AF Spalding, Aaron Kernan, Joseph Lockette, Warren TI The Metabolic Syndrome: A Modern Plague Spread by Modern Technology SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article ID STIMULATED INSULIN-SECRETION; DIABETES-MELLITUS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ARSENIC EXPOSURE; RISK-FACTORS; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; UNITED-STATES; DUTCH FAMINE; IN-VIVO; PREVALENCE AB Malnutrition and infectious disease represent the most common health threats facing the developing world. However, increasing technological developments and the expansion of western culture have contributed to the increasing prevalence of the metabolic syndrome. The epidemiologic significance and potential costs to governmental health care systems of an increasing incidence of metabolic syndrome could become high. The role of environmental influences that lead to the development of the metabolic syndrome needs to be explored. Because the metabolic syndrome becomes more common as nations develop, investigations into the ramifications of this disease often come too late. C1 [Lockette, Warren] Univ Calif San Diego, Int House & Dept Internal Med Geriatr, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Spalding, Aaron] Norton Canc Inst, Dept Radiat Oncol, Louisville, KY USA. [Kernan, Joseph; Lockette, Warren] USN, Forces So Command, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Lockette, Warren] Univ Michigan, Dept Physiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Lockette, W (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Int House & Dept Internal Med Geriatr, 200 W Arbor Dr,MC8415, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. EM wlockette@ucsd.edu NR 44 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1524-6175 J9 J CLIN HYPERTENS JI J. Clin. Hypertens. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 11 IS 12 BP 755 EP 760 DI 10.1111/j.1751-7176.2009.00191.x PG 6 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 524FR UT WOS:000272129700011 PM 20021537 ER PT J AU Sliman, JA Metzgar, D Asseff, DC Coon, RG Faix, DJ Lizewski, S AF Sliman, Joseph A. Metzgar, David Asseff, David C. Coon, Robert G. Faix, Dennis J. Lizewski, Stephen TI Outbreak of Acute Respiratory Disease Caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae on Board a Deployed US Navy Ship SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRUISE SHIPS; INFLUENZA; PCR; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTIONS AB We identified 179 cases of acute respiratory illness including 50 cases of radiographically confirmed pneumonia over the course of 4 months on a deployed U. S. Navy vessel. Laboratory tests showed Mycoplasma pneumoniae to be the etiological agent. This report represents the first published description of a shipboard outbreak of this pathogen. C1 [Metzgar, David; Coon, Robert G.; Faix, Dennis J.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Resp Dis Res, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Sliman, Joseph A.; Faix, Dennis J.] USN, Environm & Prevent Med Unit 6, Honolulu, HI USA. [Asseff, David C.; Lizewski, Stephen] USN, Environm & Prevent Med Unit 5, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Metzgar, D (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Resp Dis Res Code 166, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM david.metzgar@med.navy.mil NR 25 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 47 IS 12 BP 4121 EP 4123 DI 10.1128/JCM.01926-09 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 525QD UT WOS:000272230500047 PM 19846632 ER PT J AU Chen, XM Rogers, JCW Means, SL Szymczak, WC AF Chen, Xuemei Rogers, Joel C. W. Means, Steven L. Szymczak, William C. TI AN ALGORITHM FOR DIRECT SIMULATION OF LINEAR WAVE PROPAGATION IN IRREGULAR REGIONS SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL ACOUSTICS LA English DT Article DE Linear wave propagation; bubbles in fluid; homogeneous boundary conditions; Green's function ID CYLINDRICAL WATER JETS; BREAKING WAVES; BUBBLE AB A numerical algorithm has been developed to simulate linear wave propagation in media containing irregular inhomogeneities, especially irregular voids in fluids. The computational domain is extended to include the regions occupied by the inhomogeneities through replacing the boundaries with properly chosen sources. The solution corresponding to Dirichlet boundary conditions on the inhomogeneities is presented. This algorithm can be used to calculate linear wave propagation in a fluid medium with multiple bubbles. C1 [Chen, Xuemei; Means, Steven L.; Szymczak, William C.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rogers, Joel C. W.] NYU, Polytech Inst, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. RP Chen, XM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM xuemeichn@yahoo.com NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-396X J9 J COMPUT ACOUST JI J. Comput. Acoust. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 17 IS 4 BP 331 EP 356 PG 26 WC Acoustics; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Acoustics; Mathematics GA 554VB UT WOS:000274462200001 ER PT J AU McDonald, BE AF McDonald, B. Edward TI CAUSAL FREQUENCY-LINEAR ATTENUATION ALGORITHM FOR TIME DOMAIN PROBLEMS SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL ACOUSTICS LA English DT Article DE Frequency-linear attenuation; porous media; numerical integration ID MARINE-SEDIMENTS; PROPAGATION AB Attenuation which is linear in frequency (as opposed to quadratic as for laminar viscosity) occurs in porous media wave propagation and biomedical applications. Straight forward use of Fourier transforms, for frequency-linear attenuation violates causality. We give a causal time domain algorithm with numerical stability criteria and verify its accuracy. For acoustic wave propagation in ocean sediment, the algorithm results in a mild increase of phase speed with frequency as a result of the Kramers-Kronig relation. The algorithm gives results in good agreement with in situ data for sandy sediment. C1 US Naval Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP McDonald, BE (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mcdonald@ccs.nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX Work supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-396X J9 J COMPUT ACOUST JI J. Comput. Acoust. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 17 IS 4 BP 357 EP 364 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Acoustics; Mathematics GA 554VB UT WOS:000274462200002 ER PT J AU Dutta, I Raj, R Kumar, P Chen, T Nagaraj, CM Liu, J Renavikar, M Wakharkar, V AF Dutta, I. Raj, R. Kumar, P. Chen, T. Nagaraj, C. M. Liu, J. Renavikar, M. Wakharkar, V. TI Liquid Phase Sintered Solders with Indium as Minority Phase for Next Generation Thermal Interface Material Applications SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Liquid phase sintering; lead-free solder; thermal interface material; indium ID SN; COMPOSITE AB Because of their high thermal conductivity (K), low melting point (T (m)), and low shear strength, indium-based materials are excellent candidates for thermal interface material (TIM) applications. However, high In-content solders are expensive and possess low compressive creep strength, which may lead to structural instability following heat-sink attachment. Here, a radically different approach for producing microelectronic solder TIMs based on liquid phase sintering (LPS) is presented, which not only addresses the above problems, but also paves the way for the development of solder TIMs with even higher K than that of In for next generation packages. LPS Sn-In solders, the microstructure of which consists of particles of the high melting phase (HMP) Sn and a smaller amount of intergranular low melting phase (LMP) In, were processed and characterized. Flow stresses close to that of pure In, and electrical/thermal conductivities approximately half that of pure In, were obtained. LPS solder joints between Cu substrates were produced via a single step process combining LPS with joining. The contact thermal resistance of the internal grain boundaries was estimated, and it is inferred that, because of the numerous internal boundaries, the solder/substrate interfaces have a rela- tively small effect on the joint resistance. Based on the estimated boundary resistance, a previously developed model was utilized to predict the thermal conductivity of the LPS solder as a function of HMP type, volume fraction, and particle size. Preliminary results for LPS solders with Cu as the HMP phase are also presented. C1 [Dutta, I.; Kumar, P.; Liu, J.] Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Raj, R.; Nagaraj, C. M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Chen, T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Renavikar, M.; Wakharkar, V.] Intel Corp, Assembly Technol Dev, Chandler, AZ 85226 USA. RP Dutta, I (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM idutta@wsu.edu RI Kumar, Praveen/C-5362-2009; Kumar, Praveen/C-2011-2015 OI Kumar, Praveen/0000-0002-8890-9969 NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 EI 1543-186X J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 38 IS 12 BP 2735 EP 2745 DI 10.1007/s11664-009-0898-9 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 526OZ UT WOS:000272301900037 ER PT J AU Gutmann, JL Baumgartner, JC Gluskin, AH Hartwell, GR Walton, RE AF Gutmann, James L. Baumgartner, J. Craig Gluskin, Alan H. Hartwell, Gary R. Walton, Richard E. TI Identify and Define All Diagnostic Terms for Periapical/Periradicular Health and Disease States SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Review DE Apical; periapical and periradicular disease; diagnostic categories; diagnostic terms ID PERIAPICAL LESIONS; APICAL PERIODONTITIS; PAIN; CLASSIFICATION; RELIABILITY; INFECTION; PULPAL; ENDOTOXINS; VALIDITY; PATHOSIS AB Introduction: The purpose of this in-depth investigation was to identify, clarify, and substantiate clinical terminology relative to apical/periapical/periradicular diagnostic states, which is used routinely in the provision of endodontic care. Furthermore, the information gleaned from this investigation was used to link diagnostic categories to symptoms, pathogenesis, treatment and prognosis wherever possible, along with establishing the basis for the metrics used in this diagnostic process. Materials and Methods: Diagnostic terminologies and their relevance to clinical situations were procured from extensive historic and electronic searches and correlated with contemporary concepts in disease processes, clinical assessments, histologic findings (if appropriate), and standardized definitions that have been promulgated and promoted for use in the last 25 years in educational programs and test constructions and for third-party concerns. Results: In general, clinical terminology that is used routinely in the practice of endodontics is not based on the findings of scientific investigations. The diagnostic terms are based on assumptions by correlating certain signs, symptoms, and radiographic findings with what is presumed (not proven) to be the underlying disease process of a given clinical state. There were no studies that specifically tried to assess the accuracy of the metrics used contemporarily for the classification of clinical disease states. Conclusion: A succinct diagnostic scheme that could be described thoroughly, agreed on unanimously, coded succinctly for easy electronic input, and ultimately used for follow-up analysis would not only drive treatment modalities more accurately, but would also allow for future outcomes assessment and validation. (J Endod 2009;35:1658-1674) C1 [Gutmann, James L.] Baylor Coll Dent, Dallas, TX 75246 USA. [Baumgartner, J. Craig] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Gluskin, Alan H.] Univ Pacific, Dept Endodont, San Francisco, CA USA. [Hartwell, Gary R.] USN, Sch Postgrad Dent, Fairfax, VA USA. [Walton, Richard E.] Univ Iowa, Coll Dent, Dept Endodont, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Gutmann, JL (reprint author), 1416 Spenwick Terrace, Dallas, TX 75204 USA. EM jlgutmann@earthlink.net NR 108 TC 25 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 35 IS 12 BP 1658 EP 1674 DI 10.1016/j.joen.2009.09.028 PG 17 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 617KF UT WOS:000279278900005 PM 19932340 ER PT J AU Eddy, J Price, T AF Eddy, Jennifer Price, Trent TI Diabetic foot care: Tips and tools to streamline your approach SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Article C1 [Eddy, Jennifer] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Eau Claire, WI 54701 USA. [Price, Trent] USN, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Eddy, J (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, 617 W Clairemont Ave, Eau Claire, WI 54701 USA. EM Jennifer.eddy@fammed.wisc.edu NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU DOWDEN HEALTH MEDIA PI MONTVALE PA 110 SUMMIT AVE, MONTVALE, NJ 07645-1712 USA SN 0094-3509 J9 J FAM PRACTICE JI J. Fam. Pract. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 58 IS 12 BP 646 EP 653 PG 8 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA V18IV UT WOS:000207999400010 PM 19961818 ER PT J AU Jordan, SA AF Jordan, Stephen A. TI Improving the Spatial Resolution and Stability by Optimizing Compact Finite Differencing Templates SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID TURBULENT-BOUNDARY-LAYER; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; SCHEMES; APPROXIMATIONS; SPECTRA; FLOWS AB Parameter optimization is an excellent path for easily raising the resolution efficiency of compact finite differencing schemes. Their low-resolution errors are attractive for resolving the fine-scale turbulent physics even in complex flow domains with difficult boundary conditions. Most schemes require optimizing closure stencils at and adjacent to the domain boundaries. But these constituents can potentially degrade the local resolution errors and destabilize the final solution scheme. Current practices optimize and analyze each participating stencil separately, which incorrectly quantifies their local resolution errors. The proposed process optimizes each participant simultaneously. The result is a composite template that owns consistent spatial resolution properties throughout the entire computational domain. Additionally, the optimization technique leads to templates that are numerically stable as understood by an eigenvalue analysis. Finally, the predictive accuracy of the optimized schemes are evaluated using four canonical test problems that involve resolving linear convection, nonlinear Burger wave, turbulence along a flat plate, and circular cylinder wall pressure. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4000576] C1 Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02842 USA. RP Jordan, SA (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02842 USA. EM stephen.jordan@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [N0001408AF00002]; Naval Undersea Warfare Center FX The author gratefully acknowledges the support of the Office of Naval Research (Dr. Ronald D. Joslin, Program Officer) under Contract No. N0001408AF00002 and the Naval Undersea Warfare Center (Dr. Anthony A. Ruffa, ILIR Program Manager). NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0098-2202 J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD DEC PY 2009 VL 131 IS 12 AR 121402 DI 10.1115/1.4000576 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 541DD UT WOS:000273392400008 ER PT J AU Okulicz, JF Marconi, VC Landrum, ML Wegner, S Weintrob, A Ganesan, A Hale, B Crum-Cianflone, N Delmar, J Barthel, V Quinnan, G Agan, BK Dolan, MJ AF Okulicz, Jason F. Marconi, Vincent C. Landrum, Michael L. Wegner, Scott Weintrob, Amy Ganesan, Anuradha Hale, Braden Crum-Cianflone, Nancy Delmar, Judith Barthel, Vincent Quinnan, Gerald Agan, Brian K. Dolan, Matthew J. CA IDCRP HIV Working Grp TI Clinical Outcomes of Elite Controllers, Viremic Controllers, and Long-Term Nonprogressors in the US Department of Defense HIV Natural History Study SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; RNA LEVELS; DISEASE PROGRESSION; VIRAL LOAD; CELL COUNT; COHORT; SEROCONVERTERS; INDIVIDUALS; MECHANISMS AB Durable control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication and lack of disease progression in the absence of antiretroviral therapy were studied in a military cohort of 4586 subjects. We examined groups of elite controllers (ie, subjects with plasma HIV RNA levels of <50 copies/mL; prevalence, 0.55% [95% confidence interval{CI}, 0.35%-0.80%]), viremic controllers ( ie, subjects with plasma HIV RNA levels of 50-2000 copies/mL; prevalence, 3.34% [ 95% CI, 2.83%-3.91%]), and subjects with a lack of disease progression ( ie, long-term nonprogressors [LTNPs]) through 7 years of follow-up (LTNP7s; prevalence, 3.32% [ 95% CI, 2.70%-4.01%]) or 10 years of follow-up (LTNP10s; prevalence, 2.04% [ 95% CI, 1.52%-2.68%]). For elite and viremic controllers, spontaneous virologic control was established early and was typically observed when the initial viral load measurement was obtained within 1 year of estimated seroconversion. Elite controllers had favorable time to development of AIDS (P = .048), a CD4 cell count of 350 cells/mu L (P = .009), and more-stable CD4 cell trends, compared with viremic controllers. LTNPs defined by 10-year versus 7-year criteria had a longer survival time (P = .001), even after adjustment for differing periods of invulnerability (P = .042). Definitions of controllers and LTNPs describe distinct populations whose differing clinical outcomes improve with the stringency of criteria, underscoring the need for comparability between study populations. C1 [Okulicz, Jason F.; Marconi, Vincent C.; Landrum, Michael L.; Wegner, Scott; Weintrob, Amy; Ganesan, Anuradha; Hale, Braden; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy; Barthel, Vincent; Quinnan, Gerald; Agan, Brian K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Bethesda, MD USA. [Okulicz, Jason F.; Marconi, Vincent C.; Landrum, Michael L.; Delmar, Judith; Dolan, Matthew J.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Dolan, Matthew J.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. [Weintrob, Amy] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Hale, Braden; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Barthel, Vincent] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Infect Dis Clin, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP Okulicz, JF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Jason.okulicz@amedd.army.mil RI Marconi, Vincent/N-3210-2014; OI Marconi, Vincent/0000-0001-8409-4689; Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 NR 32 TC 118 Z9 122 U1 4 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 1 PY 2009 VL 200 IS 11 BP 1714 EP 1723 DI 10.1086/646609 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 518AP UT WOS:000271662100014 PM 19852669 ER PT J AU Mathews, SA Mirotznik, M Pique, A AF Mathews, Scott A. Mirotznik, Mark Pique, Alberto TI Development of Novel RF and Millimeter Wave Structures by Laser Direct-write SO JOURNAL OF LASER MICRO NANOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Frequency selective surface; laser direct-write; laser microfabrication; rapid prototyping; Fresnel zone plate; non-lithographic patterning AB In this work we describe the use of laser direct-write for the rapid prototyping of frequency selective Fresnel zone plate lenses. We describe a frequency selective surface which is patterned on two distinct length scales; a smaller scale that exhibits the patterning of a traditional frequency selective surface, and a larger scale that exhibits the structure of a Fresnel zone plate. We demonstrate that laser direct-write is an ideal tool for the rapid prototyping of such spatially varying or aperiodic electromagnetic structures. We present experimental results for the electromagnetic characterization of a prototype frequency selective lens fabricated using non-lithographic, laser processing. C1 [Mathews, Scott A.; Mirotznik, Mark] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Pique, Alberto] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mathews, SA (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. EM mathewss@cua.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU JAPAN LASER PROCESSING SOC PI OSAKA PA OSAKA UNIV, 11-1 MIHOGAOKA, IBARAKI C/O KATAYAMA LAB, JOINING & WELDING RES INST, OSAKA, 567-0047, JAPAN SN 1880-0688 J9 J LASER MICRO NANOEN JI J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 4 IS 3 BP 177 EP 181 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA 540JE UT WOS:000273326700006 ER PT J AU McDowell, LK Gupta, KM Aha, DW AF McDowell, Luke K. Gupta, Kalyan Moy Aha, David W. TI Cautious Collective Classification SO JOURNAL OF MACHINE LEARNING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE collective inference; statistical relational learning; approximate probabilistic inference; networked data; cautious inference ID STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; BELIEF PROPAGATION; NETWORKS; INFERENCE AB Many collective classification (CC) algorithms have been shown to increase accuracy when instances are interrelated. However, CC algorithms must be carefully applied because their use of estimated labels can in some cases decrease accuracy. In this article, we show that managing this label uncertainty through cautious algorithmic behavior is essential to achieving maximal, robust performance. First, we describe cautious inference and explain how four well-known families of CC algorithms can be parameterized to use varying degrees of such caution. Second, we introduce cautious learning and show how it can be used to improve the performance of almost any CC algorithm, with or without cautious inference. We then evaluate cautious inference and learning for the four collective inference families, with three local classifiers and a range of both synthetic and real-world data. We find that cautious learning and cautious inference typically outperform less cautious approaches. In addition, we identify the data characteristics that predict more substantial performance differences. Our results reveal that the degree of caution used usually has a larger impact on performance than the choice of the underlying inference algorithm. Together, these results identify the most appropriate CC algorithms to use for particular task characteristics and explain multiple conflicting findings from prior CC research. C1 [McDowell, Luke K.] USN Acad, Dept Comp Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Gupta, Kalyan Moy] Knexus Res Corp, Springfield, VA 22153 USA. [Aha, David W.] USN, Res Lab, Navy Ctr Appl Res Artificial Intelligence, Code 5514, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP McDowell, LK (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Comp Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM LMCDOWEL@USNA.EDU; KALYAN.GUPTA@KNEXUSRESEARCH.COM; DAVID.AHA@NRL.NAVY.MIL FU U. S. Naval Academy FX Thanks to Doug Downey, Lise Getoor, David Jensen, and Sofus Macskassy for helpful comments on this work, to Prithviraj Sen for the Cora and Citeseer data sets, to Jennifer Neville for helpful discussions and for code that implements LBP, and to Prithviraj Sen and Mustafa Bilgic for clarifications on their work. Thanks also to the anonymous reviewers for many helpful comments that helped to improve this article. Luke McDowell's funding for this research was partly supported by the U. S. Naval Academy Cooperative Program for Scientific Interchange, which is a component of NRL's General Laboratory Scientific Interchange Program. Portions of this analysis were conducted using Proximity, an open-source software environment developed by the Knowledge Discovery Laboratory at the University of Massachusetts Amherst (http://kdl.cs.umass.edu/proximity/). The HepTH data was derived from the Proximity HEP-Th database, which is based on data from the arXiv archive and the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center SPIRES-HEP database provided for the 2003 KDD Cup competition, with additional preparation performed by the Knowledge Discovery Lab. NR 59 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 7 PU MICROTOME PUBL PI BROOKLINE PA 31 GIBBS ST, BROOKLINE, MA 02446 USA SN 1532-4435 J9 J MACH LEARN RES JI J. Mach. Learn. Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 10 BP 2777 EP 2836 PG 60 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science GA 547HK UT WOS:000273877300003 ER PT J AU Lambrakos, SG AF Lambrakos, S. G. TI General Basis Functions for Parametric Representation of Energy Deposition Processes SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE joining; modeling processes; welding ID HEAT-CONDUCTION; WELDS; MODEL AB General basis functions for parametric representation of energy deposition processes are constructed according to the general physical characteristics of energy deposition within a volume of material from a beam energy source. These basis functions include previously constructed source functions as special cases. The construction of a general parameterization of energy deposition processes, e.g., welding and rapid prototyping, is necessary for inverse analysis of such processes. The structure of such a parameterization follows from the concepts of model and data spaces that imply the existence of an optimal parametric representation for a given class of inverse problems. Accordingly, the optimal parametric representation lying within the model space is determined by the characteristics of the available data, i.e., data space, which contain both experimental measurements and numerical simulation data. Experimental measurements include solidification cross-sections, thermocouple measurements, and microstructural changes. Numerical simulation data include general temperature field trend characteristics, response characteristics of materials to volumetric energy deposition, and the relative sensitivity of temperature field characteristics to phenomena occurring on different space and time scales. A general procedure is described for using basis functions with the available experimental and numerical data to construct a multidimensional field representation of a large class of energy deposition processes. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Ctr Computat Mat, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lambrakos, SG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Ctr Computat Mat, Code 6390, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM lambrakos@anvil.nrl.navy.mil NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 18 IS 9 BP 1157 EP 1168 DI 10.1007/s11665-009-9368-z PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 519FJ UT WOS:000271750100002 ER PT J AU Bucaro, JA Houston, BH Simpson, H Dragonette, LR Kraus, L Yoder, T AF Bucaro, J. A. Houston, B. H. Simpson, H. Dragonette, L. R. Kraus, L. Yoder, T. TI Exploiting forward scattering for detecting submerged proud/half-buried unexploded ordnance SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE acoustic wave scattering; echo; underwater sound AB Laboratory underwater bistatic scattering measurements are reported for free, proud, and half-buried unexploded ordnances for 0 degrees and 90 degrees source angles. Forward echoes are larger than backscattered returns, and half burial significantly decreases the latter but not the former. Results agree with analytic predictions borrowed from radar. The forward echo and source signal are separated by measurements made with and without the target, a method not possible in a target search. For this, a method is described that uses knowledge of the source location and the hyperbolic character in time-cross range of the signals received at points along a line. C1 [Bucaro, J. A.] Excet Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. [Houston, B. H.; Simpson, H.; Dragonette, L. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kraus, L.; Yoder, T.] Global Strategies Grp N Amer, Crofton, MD 20815 USA. RP Bucaro, JA (reprint author), Excet Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. EM bucaro@pa.nrl.navy.mil; brian.houston@nrl.navy.mil; harry.simpson@nrl.navy.mil; dragonet@pa.nrl.navy.mil; larry.kraus.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; yoder@pa.nrl.navy.mil FU SERDP; ONR FX This work was supported by the SERDP Program and ONR. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 126 IS 6 BP EL171 EP EL176 DI 10.1121/1.3253683 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 533QH UT WOS:000272838800001 PM 20000890 ER PT J AU Ortiz-Pomales, YT Berndt, K Tomita, S AF Ortiz-Pomales, Yan T. Berndt, Kathryn Tomita, Sandra TI Bilateral Morgagni Hernias in Patient with Cystic Fibrosis SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Ortiz-Pomales, Yan T.; Berndt, Kathryn; Tomita, Sandra] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Ortiz-Pomales, YT (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. OI , Sandra/0000-0002-5472-9361 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 209 IS 6 BP 788 EP 788 DI 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2009.05.032 PG 1 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 534EZ UT WOS:000272880400017 PM 19959051 ER PT J AU Farooq, M Hoffmann, WC Walker, TW Smith, VL Robinson, CA Dunford, JC Sutherland, IW AF Farooq, M. Hoffmann, W. C. Walker, T. W. Smith, V. L. Robinson, C. A. Dunford, J. C. Sutherland, I. W. TI SAMPLERS FOR EVALUATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF ULTRA-LOW VOLUME SPACE SPRAYS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Ultra-low-volume (ULV) sprays; sprayer evaluation; spray flux; samplers; deposition ID COACHELLA VALLEY; VECTOR CONTROL; EQUIPMENT; CALIFORNIA AB A field study was conducted to explore the suitability of 5 pesticide deposition samplers for airborne spray and ground deposits from ultra-low-volume (ULV) space sprays. Samplers included horizontally stretched stationary cotton ribbons at 2 heights, rotating ribbon. rotating Teflon slides, and filter paper. Slides were also used for droplet-size analysis. A set of 7 samplers of each type was placed at 1, 7, 15, 25, 40 65, and 90 in from the spray line along the spray swath. Water and BVA13 oil with fluorescent dyes as tracers were sprayed with the use of a truck-mounted ULV sprayer at dusk and dawn. Results suggest that the horizontal and rotating cotton ribbons are best for quantification of airborne spray and filter paper is best for ground deposition collection. The rotating slide samplers only detected the BVA13 oil-based sprays. C1 [Farooq, M.; Walker, T. W.; Smith, V. L.; Robinson, C. A.; Dunford, J. C.; Sutherland, I. W.] USN, Navy Entomol Ctr Excellence, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. [Hoffmann, W. C.] USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Farooq, M (reprint author), USN, Navy Entomol Ctr Excellence, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. FU US Department of Defense through the Armned Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB) FX This study was supported in part by a grant from the Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program, funded by the US Department of Defense through the Armned Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB). NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 25 IS 4 BP 521 EP 524 DI 10.2987/09-0009R.1 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 536FM UT WOS:000273029300020 PM 20099603 ER PT J AU Lee, J Yang, P Dessler, AE Gao, BC Platnick, S AF Lee, Joonsuk Yang, Ping Dessler, Andrew E. Gao, Bo-Cai Platnick, Steven TI Distribution and Radiative Forcing of Tropical Thin Cirrus Clouds SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CLIMATE MODELS; ICE CRYSTALS; ACCURATE PARAMETERIZATION; AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONS; INFRARED RADIANCES; MODIS; TROPOPAUSE; SCATTERING; RETRIEVAL AB To understand the radiative impact of tropical thin cirrus clouds, the frequency of occurrence and optical depths of these clouds have been derived. "Thin'' cirrus clouds are defined here as being those that are not detected by the operational Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) cloud mask, corresponding to an optical depth value of approximately 0.3 or smaller, but that are detectable in terms of the cirrus reflectance product based on the MODIS 1.375-mu m channel. With such a definition, thin cirrus clouds were present in more than 40% of the pixels flagged as "clear sky'' by the operational MODIS cloud mask algorithm. It is shown that these thin cirrus clouds are frequently observed in deep convective regions in the western Pacific. Thin cirrus optical depths were derived from the cirrus reflectance product. Regions of significant cloud fraction and large optical depths were observed in the Northern Hemisphere during the boreal spring and summer and moved southward during the boreal autumn and winter. The radiative effects of tropical thin cirrus clouds were studied on the basis of the retrieved cirrus optical depths, the atmospheric profiles derived from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) observations, and a radiative transfer model in conjunction with a parameterization of ice cloud spectral optical properties. To understand how these clouds regulate the radiation field in the atmosphere, the instantaneous net fluxes at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) and at the surface were calculated. The present study shows positive and negative net forcings at the TOA and at the surface, respectively. The positive (negative) net forcing at the TOA (surface) is due to the dominance of longwave (shortwave) forcing. Both the TOA and surface forcings are in a range of 0-20 W m(-2), depending on the optical depths of thin cirrus clouds. C1 [Yang, Ping; Dessler, Andrew E.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Lee, Joonsuk] Univ Maryland, Cooperat Inst Climate Studies, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Lee, Joonsuk] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gao, Bo-Cai] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Platnick, Steven] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Yang, P (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM pyang@ariel.met.tamu.edu RI Yang, Ping/B-4590-2011; Dessler, Andrew/G-8852-2012; Platnick, Steven/J-9982-2014 OI Dessler, Andrew/0000-0003-3939-4820; Platnick, Steven/0000-0003-3964-3567 FU NASA [NNX08AF68G]; NASA Radiation Sciences; National Science Foundation (NSF) CAREER Award research [ATM-0239605] FX This research is supported by a research grant from NASA (NNX08AF68G) from the NASA Radiation Sciences Program managed by Dr. Hal Maring and the MODIS Program managed by Dr. Paula Bontempi. This study was also partly supported by a National Science Foundation (NSF) CAREER Award research grant (ATM-0239605). NR 52 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 EI 1520-0469 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 66 IS 12 BP 3721 EP 3731 DI 10.1175/2009JAS3183.1 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 530UA UT WOS:000272616600012 ER PT J AU Callstrom, MR York, JD Gaba, RC Gemmete, JJ Gervais, DA Millward, SF Brown, DB Dupuy, D Goldberg, SN Kundu, S Rose, SC Thomas, JJT Cardella, JF AF Callstrom, Matthew R. York, John D. Gaba, Ron C. Gemmete, Joseph J. Gervais, Debra A. Millward, Steven F. Brown, Daniel B. Dupuy, Damian Goldberg, S. Nahum Kundu, Sanjoy Rose, Steven C. Thomas, John J. T. Cardella, John F. CA Soc Interventional Radiology TI Research Reporting Standards for Image-guided Ablation of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERCUTANEOUS RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION; METASTASES INVOLVING BONE; OSTEOID-OSTEOMA; CT GUIDANCE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; LASER PHOTOCOAGULATION; FOLLOW-UP; PAIN; MANAGEMENT; EXCISION C1 [Callstrom, Matthew R.] Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Gaba, Ron C.] Univ Illinois, Med Ctr Chicago, Dept Radiol, Chicago, IL USA. [Gemmete, Joseph J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Radiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [York, John D.] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Charette Hlth Care Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Gervais, Debra A.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Radiol, Gastrointestinal Genitourinary Div, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Goldberg, S. Nahum] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Millward, Steven F.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Radiol, London, ON, Canada. [Millward, Steven F.] Peterborough Reg Hlth Ctr, Dept Radiol, Peterborough, ON, Canada. [Kundu, Sanjoy] Scarborough Gen Hosp, Dept Radiol, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Brown, Daniel B.] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Intervent Radiol, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. [Cardella, John F.] Geisinger Hlth Syst, Syst Radiol, Danville, PA USA. [Dupuy, Damian] Brown Univ, Rhode Isl Hosp, Dept Diagnost Imaging, Providence, RI 02903 USA. [Rose, Steven C.] Univ Calif San Diego, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Thomas, John J. T.] S Texas Radiol Grp, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Callstrom, MR (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM callstrom.matthew@mayo.edu OI Dupuy, Damian/0000-0003-0524-5982 NR 69 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1051-0443 J9 J VASC INTERV RADIOL JI J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 20 IS 12 BP 1527 EP 1540 DI 10.1016/j.jvir.2009.08.009 PG 14 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 531AX UT WOS:000272636200003 PM 19864161 ER PT J AU Keeling, JJ Gwinn, DE McGuigan, FX AF Keeling, John J. Gwinn, David E. McGuigan, Francis X. TI A comparison of open versus arthroscopic harvesting of osteochondral autografts SO KNEE LA English DT Article DE Osteochondral autograft transfer; OATS; Mosaicplasty ID FOLLOW-UP; KNEE; MOSAICPLASTY; TRANSPLANTATION; CARTILAGE; DEFECT; TALUS; MANAGEMENT; DISSECANS; LESIONS AB Osteochondral autograft transfer is a technique for treatment of traumatic and degenerative cartilage lesions. A graft in which the cartilage cap is oriented perpendicular to the long axis of the graft is ideal because it can both restore the cartilage tidemark and minimize articular step-off at the recipient site. This study determines if osteochondral harvest technique (arthroscopic versus mini-open) or donor site location affects suitable graft harvest. One hundred and twenty eight osteochondral grafts were harvested in 16 cadaver knees utilizing a 7 mm OATS chisel from four donor sites: lateral supracondylar ridge, lateral femoral condyle, lateral intercondylar notch and medial femoral condyle. Mini-open and arthroscopic harvesting techniques were equally employed. Radiographic methods were used to analyze graft perpendicularity. Statistical analysis comparing graft suitability based on technique and donor site location was performed. There were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) in graft suitability regardless of the technique used or donor site location. 69% of arthroscopic and 56% of mini-open graft harvest were considered suitable, possessing a cartilage cap and graft axis angle that would create less than I mm of articular incongruity. Incongruity results when the angle between the subchondral bone plug long axis and cartilage interface is greater than 74 degrees. There is no difference in the quality of osteochondral grafts harvested from the knee regardless of technique or donor site used. Osteochondral graft diameter should be kept at or less than 7 mm because of the high percentage of unacceptable grafts with increasing chisel sizes. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gwinn, David E.] USN, Natl Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [McGuigan, Francis X.] Georgetown Univ Hosp, Dept Orthoped Surg, Washington, DC 20007 USA. RP Gwinn, DE (reprint author), USN, Natl Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM gwinny13@yahoo.com FU National Naval Medical Center [NNMC.2002.0035] FX The manuscript has been read and approved by all identified authors. This project was supported by a grant from the Clinical Investigation Department of the National Naval Medical Center under protocol number NNMC.2002.0035. The authors did not receive payments or other benefits or a commitment or agreement to provide such benefits from a commercial entity. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0968-0160 J9 KNEE JI Knee PD DEC PY 2009 VL 16 IS 6 BP 458 EP 462 DI 10.1016/j.knee.2009.02.010 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences; Surgery GA 520EF UT WOS:000271822200008 PM 19362004 ER PT J AU Mariappan, YK Glaser, KJ Manduca, A Romano, AJ Venkatesh, SK Yin, M Ehman, RL AF Mariappan, Yogesh K. Glaser, Kevin J. Manduca, Armando Romano, Anthony J. Venkatesh, Sudhakar K. Yin, Meng Ehman, Richard L. TI High-Frequency Mode Conversion Technique for Stiff Lesion Detection with Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE MR elastography; high-frequency MRE; mode conversion; stiff lesion detection; stiffness ID ACOUSTIC STRAIN WAVES; BREAST-LESIONS; FIBROSIS; DRIVER AB A novel imaging technique is described in which the mode conversion of longitudinal waves is used for the qualitative detection of stiff lesions within soft tissue using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) methods. Due to the viscoelastic nature of tissue, high-frequency shear waves attenuate rapidly in soft tissues but much less in stiff tissues. By introducing minimally-attenuating longitudinal waves at a significantly high frequency into tissue, shear waves produced at interfaces by mode conversion will be detectable in stiff regions, but will be significantly attenuated and thus not detectable in the surrounding soft tissue. This contrast can be used to detect the presence of stiff tissue. The proposed technique is shown to readily depict hard regions (mimicking tumors) present in tissue-simulating phantoms and ex vivo breast tissue. In vivo feasibility is demonstrated on a patient with liver metastases in whom the tumors are readily distinguished. Preliminary evidence also suggests that quantitative stiffness measurements of stiff regions obtained with this technique are more accurate than those from conventional MRE because of the short shear wavelengths. This rapid, qualitative technique may lend itself to applications in which the localization of stiff, suspicious neoplasms is coupled with more sensitive techniques for thorough characterization. Magn Reson Med 62:1457-1465, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Mariappan, Yogesh K.; Glaser, Kevin J.; Yin, Meng; Ehman, Richard L.] Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Romano, Anthony J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Venkatesh, Sudhakar K.] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Dept Diagnost Radiol, Singapore 117595, Singapore. RP Ehman, RL (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM Ehman.Richard@mayo.edu OI mariappan, Yogesh kannan/0000-0002-8791-3982; Yin, Meng/0000-0001-6778-192X FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [EB001981] FX Contract grant sponsor: National Institutes of Health (NIH); Contract grant number: EB001981. NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0740-3194 J9 MAGN RESON MED JI Magn. Reson. Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 62 IS 6 BP 1457 EP 1465 DI 10.1002/mrm.22091 PG 9 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 523IX UT WOS:000272067600013 PM 19859936 ER PT J AU Kolipaka, A Mcgee, KP Manduca, A Romano, AJ Glaser, KJ Araoz, PA Ehman, RL AF Kolipaka, Arunark McGee, Kiaran P. Manduca, Armando Romano, Anthony J. Glaser, Kevin J. Araoz, Philip A. Ehman, Richard L. TI Magnetic Resonance Elastography: Inversions in Bounded Media SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE MRE inversions; bounded media; MRE; flexural wave; shear stiffness ID MR ELASTOGRAPHY; STIFFNESS; LOCALIZATION; ELASTICITY; TISSUES; MUSCLE; LIVER AB Magnetic resonance elastography is a noninvasive imaging technique capable of quantifying and spatially resolving the shear stiffness of soft tissues by visualization of synchronized mechanical wave displacement fields. However, magnetic resonance elastography inversions generally assume that the measured tissue motion consists primarily of shear waves propagating in a uniform, infinite medium. This assumption is not valid in organs such as the heart, eye, bladder, skin, fascia, bone and spinal cord, in which the shear wavelength approaches the geometric dimensions of the object. The aim of this study was to develop and test mathematical inversion algorithms capable of resolving shear stiffness from displacement maps of flexural waves propagating in bounded media such as beams, plates, and spherical shells, using geometry-specific equations of motion. Magnetic resonance elastography and finite element modeling of beam, plate, and spherical shell phantoms of various geometries were performed. Mechanical testing of the phantoms agreed with the stiffness values obtained from finite element modeling and magnetic resonance elastography data, and a linear correlation of r(2) >= 0.99 was observed between the stiffness values obtained using magnetic resonance elastography and finite element modeling data. In conclusion, we have demonstrated new inversion methods for calculating shear stiffness that may be more appropriate for waves propagating in bounded media. Magn Reson Med 62: 1533-1542, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Kolipaka, Arunark; McGee, Kiaran P.; Manduca, Armando; Glaser, Kevin J.; Araoz, Philip A.; Ehman, Richard L.] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Romano, Anthony J.] Naval Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC USA. RP Mcgee, KP (reprint author), Mayo Clin, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM mcgee.kiaran@mayo.edu FU National Institutes of Health [EB001981] FX Grant sponsor: National Institutes of Health; Grant number: EB001981. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0740-3194 J9 MAGN RESON MED JI Magn. Reson. Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 62 IS 6 BP 1533 EP 1542 DI 10.1002/mrm.22144 PG 10 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 523IX UT WOS:000272067600020 PM 19780146 ER PT J AU Rothenberg, NR AF Rothenberg, Naomi R. TI The interaction among disclosures, competition, and an internal control problem SO MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Voluntary disclosures; Competition; Management control; Capital investments ID INFORMATION-SYSTEMS; COURNOT; INCENTIVES; TECHNOLOGY; OLIGOPOLY; BERTRAND; ESSAYS AB This paper studies the effect of an internal control problem on a firm's disclosure policy where firms compete in non-cooperative investment game, with each firm deciding to invest in its current technology or to invest in a non-proprietary innovation. By adopting the innovation, a firm earns higher revenues at the expense of its non-adopting rival. Each principal decides on a disclosure policy for its firm that entails releasing an agent's internal cost report of the firm's current technology to the rival firm. The agent has private information about the current technology's cost and an incentive to overstate the cost. An effect of disclosures is to increase coordination between the firms, which, without a control problem, increases firm profits. However, under the same conditions that disclosures were beneficial without the control problem, disclosures may be harmful to the principal with the control problem because increased coordination between the firms allows the agent to earn higher rents. Competition substitutes for commitment to an investment policy that limits the agent's rents and this disciplining role of competition is diminished with disclosures. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Rothenberg, NR (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, 555 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM nrrothen@nps.edu NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1044-5005 J9 MANAGE ACCOUNT RES JI Manage. Account. Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 20 IS 4 BP 225 EP 238 DI 10.1016/j.mar.2009.09.002 PG 14 WC Business, Finance; Management SC Business & Economics GA 530EU UT WOS:000272572600001 ER PT J AU Jaeger, J MacVean, C AF Jaeger, Jack MacVean, Charles TI A Look Back at the MTS Journal of June 1990: "A Deepest Ocean Presence" SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [MacVean, Charles] USN, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI COLUMBIA PA 5565 STERRETT PLACE, STE 108, COLUMBIA, MD 21044 USA SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD WIN PY 2009 VL 43 IS 5 BP 63 EP 64 PG 2 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 546TB UT WOS:000273833700012 ER PT J AU Norton, GV AF Norton, Guy V. TI Comparison of homogeneous and heterogeneous modeling of transient scattering from dispersive media directly in the time domain SO MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th IMACS International Conference on Nonlinear Evolution Equations and Wave Phenomena CY APR 16-19, 2007 CL Univ Georgia, Athens, GA SP IMACS HO Univ Georgia DE Finite-difference time domain; Causality; Dispersion; Acoustic ID BUBBLE CLOUDS; PROPAGATION AB Accurate modeling of pulse propagation and scattering in dispersive medium is a problem in many disciplines (i.e. electromagnetics and acoustics). The inclusion of an additional term in the wave equation (the derivative of the convolution between the causal time-domain propagation factor and the acoustic pressure) that takes into account the dispersive nature of the medium is utilized to make these problems tractable. The resulting modified wave equation (either homogeneous or heterogeneous) is applicable to either linear or non-linear propagation. For the case of an acoustic wave propagating in a two-dimensional heterogeneous dispersive medium, a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) representation of the modified linear wave equation can been used to solve for the acoustic pressure. The method is applied to the case of scattering from and propagating through a 2D infinitely long cylinder with real world material properties. It is found that ignoring the heterogeneity in the medium can lead to significant error in the propagated/scattered field. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of IMACS. C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Norton, GV (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM guy.norton@nrlssc.navy.mil NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4754 J9 MATH COMPUT SIMULAT JI Math. Comput. Simul. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 4 BP 682 EP 692 DI 10.1016/j.matcom.2009.08.018 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 538KO UT WOS:000273183600006 ER PT J AU Limbert, J AF Limbert, John TI A History of Modern Iran SO MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Limbert, John] USN Acad, Int Aflairs, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Limbert, J (reprint author), USN Acad, Int Aflairs, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIDDLE EAST INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1761 N ST NW, CIRCULATION DEPT, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2882 USA SN 0026-3141 EI 1940-3461 J9 MIDDLE EAST J JI Middle East J. PD WIN PY 2009 VL 63 IS 1 BP 144 EP 145 PG 2 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA 399UE UT WOS:000262824000009 ER PT J AU Russell, JA AF Russell, James A. TI Environmental Security and Regional Stability in the Persian Gulf SO MIDDLE EAST POLICY LA English DT Article C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Russell, JA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1061-1924 J9 MIDDLE EAST POLICY JI Middle East Policy PD WIN PY 2009 VL 16 IS 4 BP 90 EP 101 PG 12 WC Area Studies; International Relations SC Area Studies; International Relations GA 532UK UT WOS:000272775300007 ER PT J AU Barlow, TK AF Barlow, Thomas K. TI Untitled SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 USN, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Barlow, TK (reprint author), USN, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 174 IS 12 BP XIII EP XIII PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LM UT WOS:000278061000013 PM 20055058 ER PT J AU Skeehan, CD Tribble, DR Sanders, JW Putnam, SD Armstrong, AW Riddle, MS AF Skeehan, Christopher D. Tribble, David R. Sanders, John W. Putnam, Shannon D. Armstrong, Adam W. Riddle, Mark S. TI Nonbattle Injury Among Deployed Troops: An Epidemiologic Study SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES SOLDIERS; BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA; CARE STATISTICS; IRAQI-FREEDOM; OPERATION; DISEASE; ILLNESS; RATES; GUARD AB (n = 150) Nonbattle injury (NBI) continues to be a leading cause of morbidity among troops currently deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan. To assess NBI incidence, impact, and risk factors, a survey was given to soldiers during mid- or postdeployment from Iraq, Afghanistan, and surrounding region, from January 2005 through May 2006. Among 3,367 troops completing a survey, 19.5% reported at least one NB!, and 85% sought care at least once for their symptoms. Service component, rank, and unit type were among factors associated with differential NBI risk. Twenty percent stated that NBI resulted in back-up personnel being called or shift change to cover impacted duties, and among those reported having been grounded from flight status, a third were the result of NBI. NBI continues to be a problem in recent deployments, and given the findings on individual and potential operational impact indicators, NBI should be viewed as a primary force health protection problem. C1 [Skeehan, Christopher D.] New York Med Coll, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. [Tribble, David R.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Sanders, John W.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Amer Embassy Peru Unit Number 3800, APO, AA 34031 USA. [Putnam, Shannon D.] USN, Med Res Unit 2, FPO, AP 96520 USA. [Armstrong, Adam W.] USN, Med Res Unit 3, FPO, AE 09835 USA. [Riddle, Mark S.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Skeehan, CD (reprint author), New York Med Coll, 40 Sunshine Cottage Rd, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. RI Riddle, Mark/A-8029-2011 FU DoD [6000.RAD1.D.E0301] FX The authors thank Hanan) Raafat, Yasmine Farid, Mohamed Fakhry, Noha Effat (data entry); Manal Moustafa (data cleaning); and Jamie Bland (collection of forms). The study was conducted with support of DoD funding under work unit no. 6000.RAD1.D.E0301. NR 17 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 174 IS 12 BP 1256 EP 1262 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LM UT WOS:000278061000020 PM 20055065 ER PT J AU Momen, N AF Momen, Nausheen TI The Effects of Alternative Input Devices and Repeated Exposures on the Test of Basic Aviation Skills (TBAS) Performance SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The use of computer-based, psychomotor testing systems for personnel selection and classification has gained popularity in the civilian and military worlds in recent years. However, several issues need to be resolved before adopting a computerized, psychomotor test. The purpose of this study was to compare the impact of alternative input devices used for the Test Of Basic Aviation Skills (TBAS) as well as to explore the practice effects of the TBAS. In study 1, participants were administered the TBAS tracking tests once with a throttle and once with foot pedals in a classic test retest paradigm. The results confirmed that neither of the input devices provided a significant advantage on TBAS performance. In study 2, participants were administered the TBAS twice with a 24-hour interval between testing. The results demonstrated significant practice effects for all the TBAS subtests except for the dichotic listening tests. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Momen, N (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. FU Naval Operational Medicine Institute (NOMI) [70408] FX Appreciation is extended to CAPT Dave Service for subject matter expert consultation. Appreciation is also extended to the students and staff at the Aviation Preflight Indoctrination School, NAS Pensacola, FL. This study was sponsored by the Naval Operational Medicine Institute (NOMI), Work Unit No. 70408. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 174 IS 12 BP 1282 EP 1286 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LM UT WOS:000278061000024 PM 20055069 ER PT J AU McNally, MP Byrd, KA Duncan, JE Shepps, CD AF McNally, Michael P. Byrd, Kevin A. Duncan, James E. Shepps, Craig D. TI Laparoscopic Versus Open Inguinal Hernia Repair: Expeditionary Medical Facility Kuwait Experience SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HERNIOPLASTY; SURGERY AB Background: Inguinal hernia is a common surgical problem in the active duty population. The decision to perform a hernia repair in the traditional open manner versus a laparoscopic approach is somewhat controversial. Furthermore, the type of repair performed has not been analyzed in a systematic manner within an operational setting. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all inguinal hernia repairs performed at Expeditionary Medical Facility Kuwait (EMFK) over an 18-month period, from April 2007 through October 2008. Operative times and time to return to duty were compared between active duty personnel undergoing open mesh repair and laparoscopic extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair. Results: One hundred seventy-six consecutive patients who underwent inguinal hernia repair by six different surgeons were analyzed. One hundred and four patients had an open repair and 72 patients underwent laparoscopic repair. The mean operative time was significantly longer in the laparoscopic group (20.2 minutes, p < 0.001). The mean time to return to duty was significantly shorter in the laparoscopic group (2.3 days, p = 0.008). Conclusions: Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair is associated with longer operative times but shorter recovery periods. The laparoscopic approach may be a viable option for patients in the expeditionary setting. C1 [McNally, Michael P.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Byrd, Kevin A.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Shepps, Craig D.] USN, Hosp Jacksonville, Dept Surg, Jacksonville, FL 32114 USA. FU Bureau of Medicine and Surgery Clinical Investigation [EMFK.2009-L-H00000-001:A] FX This study has been sponsored and supported by the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery Clinical Investigation Program no. EMFK.2009-L-H00000-001:A. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 174 IS 12 BP 1320 EP 1323 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LM UT WOS:000278061000031 PM 20055075 ER PT J AU Song, YJ Erwin, SC Rutter, GM First, PN Zhitenev, NB Stroscio, JA AF Song, Young Jae Erwin, Steven C. Rutter, Gregory M. First, Phillip N. Zhitenev, Nikolai B. Stroscio, Joseph A. TI Making Mn Substitutional Impurities in InAs using a Scanning Tunneling Microscope SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONAL-EXCITATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SINGLE ATOMS; MANIPULATION; SURFACE AB We describe in detail an atom-by-atom exchange manipulation technique using a scanning tunneling microscope probe. As-deposited Mn adatoms (Mn(ad)) are exchanged one-by-one with surface In atoms (In(su)) to create a Mn surface-substitutional (Mn(In)) and an exchanged In adatom (In(ad)) by an electron tunneling induced reaction Mn(ad) + In(su) -> Mn(In) + In(ad) on the InAs(110) surface. In combination with density-functional theory and high resolution scanning tunneling microscopy imaging, we have identified the reaction pathway for the Mn and In atom exchange. C1 [Song, Young Jae; Rutter, Gregory M.; Zhitenev, Nikolai B.; Stroscio, Joseph A.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Song, Young Jae] Univ Maryland, Maryland NanoCtr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Erwin, Steven C.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [First, Phillip N.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Song, YJ (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM youngjae.song@nist.gov; joseph.stroscio@nist.gov RI Song, Young Jae/A-5422-2013; Zhitenev, Nikolai/N-1780-2014 OI Song, Young Jae/0000-0001-6172-3817; FU Korean Research Foundation; Office of Naval Research; NIST-CNST/UMD-NanoCenter FX This work was supported in part by the Korean Research Foundation, the Office of Naval Research, and the NIST-CNST/UMD-NanoCenter Cooperative Agreement. Computations were performed at the DoD Major Shared Resource Center at AFRL. We thank Young Kuk, Mark Stiles, and Anthony Richardella for valuable comments and Nathan Guisinger, Steve Blankenship, Alan Band, Dave Rutter, and Frank Hess for technical assistance. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 12 BP 4333 EP 4337 DI 10.1021/nl902575g PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 527VC UT WOS:000272395400064 PM 19788272 ER PT J AU Shi, ZS Ziegler, J Duckwiler, GR Jahan, R Frazee, J Ausman, JI Martin, NA Vinuela, F AF Shi, Zhong-Song Ziegler, Jordan Duckwiler, Gary R. Jahan, Reza Frazee, John Ausman, James I. Martin, Neil A. Vinuela, Fernando TI MANAGEMENT OF GIANT MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY ANEURYSMS WITH INCORPORATED BRANCHES: PARTIAL ENDOVASCULAR COILING OR COMBINED EXTRACRANIAL-INTRACRANIAL BYPASS-A TEAM APPROACH SO NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Article DE Cerebral revascularization; Coiling embolization; Endovascular treatment; Giant intracranial aneurysm; Middle cerebral artery ID INDOCYANINE GREEN VIDEOANGIOGRAPHY; ASSISTED NONOCCLUSIVE ANASTOMOSIS; MIDTERM FOLLOW-UP; BIFURCATION ANEURYSMS; NITINOL STENT; STRATEGIES; SURGERY; FLOW; ANGIOGRAPHY; EXPERIENCE AB OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to assess the long-term anatomic and clinical outcomes in patients with giant middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms treated by endovascular coil embolization alone or in combination with cerebral revascularization. METHODS: One hundred twenty-six patients with giant intracranial aneurysms were endovascularly treated at the University of California, Los Angeles, between 1990 and 2007. Of these, 9 patients had partially thrombosed MCA aneurysms with incorporated branches. Five patients presented with symptoms of mass effect, 3 had seizures, 2 had episodes of brain ischemia, and I presented with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage. RESULTS: Three wide-neck saccular aneurysms were almost completely coil occluded, leaving only small neck remnants that were intended to preserve the patency of incorporated MCA branches. The other 6 fusiform aneurysms were effectively treated by superficial temporal artery-MCA or occipital artery-MCA bypass, followed by complete coil occlusion of these aneurysms. Immediate angiograms and mid- or long-tern) neuro-radiological imaging follow-up examinations revealed complete obliteration or near-complete occlusion (90%-99%) of the aneurysms in all 9 patients. Seven patients had a favorable long-term clinical outcome, and 1 patient died as a result of unrelated congestive heart failure. One patient required emergent surgical aneurysm thrombectomy because of inadvertent coil occlusion of the frontal opercular artery, which was not protected by the bypass, and the patient subsequently sustained a moderate neurological disability. CONCLUSION: Giant MCA aneurysms with branch incorporations and other unfavorable features such as intraluminal thrombus, mural calcification, and fusiform configuration can be effectively treated with a team approach, using coil embolization after protective surgical bypass. When aneurysms with MCA branches incorporated into the neck rather than the dome are treated by endovascular techniques alone, long-term angiographic follow-up is necessary to assess and further treat any significant remnant. C1 [Shi, Zhong-Song] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Div Intervent Neuroradiol, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Shi, Zhong-Song] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Neurosurg, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Ziegler, Jordan] USN, Div Diagnost & Intervent Neuroradiol, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Frazee, John; Ausman, James I.; Martin, Neil A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Neurosurg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Shi, ZS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Div Intervent Neuroradiol, David Geffen Sch Med, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM zhongsongshi@gmail.com NR 31 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-396X EI 1524-4040 J9 NEUROSURGERY JI Neurosurgery PD DEC PY 2009 VL 65 IS 6 SU S BP 121 EP 129 DI 10.1227/01.NEU.0000335173.80605.ID PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 522SS UT WOS:000272019600026 PM 19934986 ER PT J AU Statnikov, R Bordetsky, A Matusov, J Sobol, I Statnikov, A AF Statnikov, Roman Bordetsky, Alex Matusov, Josef Sobol, Il'ya Statnikov, Alexander TI Definition of the feasible solution set in multicriteria optimization problems with continuous, discrete, and mixed design variables SO NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-THEORY METHODS & APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th World Congress on Nonlinear Analysts CY JUL 02-09, 2008 CL Orlando, FL DE Multicriteria optimization problems; Continuous, discrete, and mixed design variables; Feasible solution set; PSI method; MOV ID APPROXIMATION; PARAMETERS AB Engineering optimization problems are multicriteria with continuous, discrete, and mixed design variables. Correct definition of the feasible solution set is of fundamental importance in these problems. It is quite difficult for the expert to define this set. For this reason, the results of searching for optimal solutions frequently have no practical meaning. Furthermore, correct definition of this set makes it possible to significantly reduce the time of searching for optimal solutions. This paper describes construction of the feasible solution set with continuous, discrete, and mixed design variables on the basis of Parameter Space Investigation (PSI) method. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Statnikov, Roman; Bordetsky, Alex] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Statnikov, Roman; Matusov, Josef] Russian Acad Sci, Mech Engn Res Inst, Moscow 117901, Russia. [Sobol, Il'ya] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Math Modelling, Moscow 117901, Russia. [Statnikov, Alexander] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. RP Statnikov, R (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM rstatnik@nps.edu; abotdets@nps.edu; alexander.statnikov@vanderbilt.edu NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0362-546X J9 NONLINEAR ANAL-THEOR JI Nonlinear Anal.-Theory Methods Appl. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 71 IS 12 BP E109 EP E117 DI 10.1016/j.na.2008.10.050 PG 9 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 597MY UT WOS:000277763200012 ER PT J AU Lindsay, GA Davis, MC Chafin, AP Fallis, S Hoffman, RC Pritchett, TM Andzelm, J Rawlett, AM Park, D Herman, WN AF Lindsay, Geoffrey A. Davis, Matthew C. Chafin, Andrew P. Fallis, Stephen Hoffman, Robert C. Pritchett, Timothy M. Andzelm, Jan Rawlett, Adam M. Park, Dong Herman, Warren N. TI Electro-optic polymeric films of phenylethynyl dyes with transparency in the blue region of the visible spectrum SO OPTICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Electro-optic; Polymers; Transparent; First hyperpolarizability; Dyes; Nonlinear optic ID NONLINEAR-OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; BENZYLIDENE-ANILINE DERIVATIVES; MOLECULAR-BEAM HETEROEPITAXY; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; MAIN-CHAIN; AROMATIC-COMPOUNDS; ELECTRIC-FIELD; WAVE-GUIDES; CHROMOPHORES; HYPERPOLARIZABILITIES AB Easily processed electro-optic films are reported with potential for >100 GHz switching speeds. Dyes of the general chemical structure 1-(4-[N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-amino]-phenylethynyl)-4-(4-cyanophenylethynyl)-2,5-disubstituted benzene were attached as side groups to a polyimide backbone. Substituents on the central ring of the three-ring dye prevented aggregation at high concentrations of dye. These amorphous films exhibited absorption maxima in the range of 375-395 nm. A film containing 25% dye attached to polyimide was poled to give an electro-optic coefficient (r(33)) of 12 +/- 2 pm/V at 532 nm. Its properties were compared with the measured linear and nonlinear optical properties of several previously published dyes that have transparency in the blue-green part of the visible spectrum. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lindsay, Geoffrey A.; Davis, Matthew C.; Chafin, Andrew P.; Fallis, Stephen] USN, NAWCWD Res Dept, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Hoffman, Robert C.; Pritchett, Timothy M.] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Andzelm, Jan; Rawlett, Adam M.] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM MA, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. [Park, Dong; Herman, Warren N.] Univ Maryland, Lab Phys Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Lindsay, GA (reprint author), USN, NAWCWD Res Dept, C-4L4200D,MS 6303,1900 N Knox Rd, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM geoffrey.lindsay@navy.mil FU Army Research Laboratory, Office of Naval Research FX The authors are grateful for the sponsorship of the Army Research Laboratory, Office of Naval Research, and the encouragement provided by Andrew Mott (ARL). J. Orlicki (ARL) performed film processing, and D. Bliss (NAWCWD) performed DSC and GPC measurements. NR 65 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-3467 EI 1873-1252 J9 OPT MATER JI Opt. Mater. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 32 IS 2 BP 302 EP 310 DI 10.1016/j.optmat.2009.08.008 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA 533GB UT WOS:000272810600008 ER PT J AU Florea, C Bashkansky, M Sanghera, J Aggarwal, I Dutton, Z AF Florea, C. Bashkansky, M. Sanghera, J. Aggarwal, I. Dutton, Z. TI Slow-light generation through Brillouin scattering in As2S3 fibers SO OPTICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Chalcogenide fiber; Stimulated Brillouin scattering; Slow-light ID CHALCOGENIDE FIBER AB We demonstrate efficient generation of slow-light in As2S3 single-mode fibers through stimulated Brillouin scattering using a 1548 nm DFB laser. Sinusoidal pulses with a 40-ns period have been delayed 19 ns with only 31 mW of launched power in 10 m of fiber. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Florea, C.] Global Strategies Grp, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. [Bashkansky, M.; Sanghera, J.; Aggarwal, I.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dutton, Z.] BBN Technol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Florea, C (reprint author), Global Strategies Grp, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. EM catalin.florea@globalgroup.us.com NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-3467 J9 OPT MATER JI Opt. Mater. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 32 IS 2 BP 358 EP 361 DI 10.1016/j.optmat.2009.09.002 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA 533GB UT WOS:000272810600017 ER PT J AU Hatch, BC Hilber, DJ Elledge, JB Stout, JW Lee, RB AF Hatch, Brian C. Hilber, David J. Elledge, James B. Stout, James W. Lee, Robyn B. TI The Effects of Visual Acuity on Target Discrimination and Shooting Performance SO OPTOMETRY AND VISION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE visual acuity; target discrimination; target identification; military; firearms; reference standards; performance based; occupational status; vision readiness; ocular dominance; military personnel; marksmanship; occupational vision requirements; visual angle ID MARKSMANSHIP; MOOD AB Purpose. To explore the effects of visual acuity on target discrimination and marksmanship. Methods. A randomized, single-blind, repeated measures study was conducted to evaluate the effect of visual acuity on target discrimination and marksmanship. Subjects were examined for inclusion criteria and equivalent plus lens over-refractions necessary to obtain the five test visual acuity ranges. Qualified subjects fired at randomized target presentations from 50 to 300 m while wearing customized spectacles to yield the visual acuity levels being evaluated. Subjects then rotated foxholes for target discrimination sequences. Randomized targets marked as friend or enemy were presented in like manner for each of the five visual acuity levels. Results. Subjects at acuities better than 0.2 LogMAR were significantly more likely to hit the target than those with acuities equal to or worse than 0.7 LogMAR. Target discrimination results show subjects with acuities between -0.2 and 0.6 LogMAR were significantly more likely to correctly identify the target than those with acuities equal to or worse than 0.7 LogMAR. In addition, those at acuities of 0.0 LogMAR or better performed significantly better than those with acuities between 0.3 and 0.6 LogMAR. Conclusions. Visual acuity significantly affects target discrimination and marksmanship performance. Results of this study closely mirror expected findings based on visual angles with acuities in the range 0.3 to 0.4 LogMAR (20/40-20/50) being the transition zone where performance begins to deteriorate. This performance-based evidence fully supports a vision classification system that mandates eyewear to maximize visual performance for deployable military members. Based on the results of this study, the current U.S. Army, U.S. Navy, and U.S. Marine Corps vision readiness standards of 20/40 or better uncorrected or corrected vision seems to be a valid choice because it is the transition point for performance in both target discrimination and marksmanship ability. (Optom Vis Sci 2009;86:1359-1367) C1 [Hatch, Brian C.; Hilber, David J.; Elledge, James B.; Stout, James W.; Lee, Robyn B.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Tri Serv Vis Conservat & Readiness Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Hatch, BC (reprint author), USN, Hosp Bremerton, Dept Optometry, 1 Boone Rd, Bremerton, WA 98312 USA. EM brian.hatch@med.navy.mil FU Health Promotion Prevention and Initiatives (HPPI) Program; Directorate of Occupational and EnvironmentalMedicine (DOEM) FX This study was supported by the Health Promotion Prevention and Initiatives (HPPI) Program and the Directorate of Occupational and EnvironmentalMedicine (DOEM), which are administeredby the U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-5488 J9 OPTOMETRY VISION SCI JI Optom. Vis. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 86 IS 12 BP 1359 EP 1367 PG 9 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 529EX UT WOS:000272499900007 ER PT J AU Arnold, JC Singh, KK Milder, E Spector, SA Sawyer, MH Gavali, S Glaser, C AF Arnold, John C. Singh, Kumud K. Milder, Edmund Spector, Stephen A. Sawyer, Mark H. Gavali, Shilpa Glaser, Carol TI Human Metapneumovirus Associated With Central Nervous System Infection in Children SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE human metapneumovirus; encephalitis; seizures; pediatric ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT DISEASE; YOUNG-CHILDREN; ENCEPHALITIS; CALIFORNIA; ADULTS AB Background: Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is an established pathogen of the respiratory tract of children and adults. hMPV is related to other paramyxoviruses known to cause encephalitis. Reports suggest that hMPV may cause disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Methods: Two groups of patients were studied. The first group consisted of children between birth and 18 years from whom nasal scrapings were obtained between January 2004 and October 2005. hMPV RNA amplification by PCR was done and records were reviewed for clinical and demographic data. The second group consisted of patients with encephalitis referred to the California Encephalitis Project (CEP) for comprehensive diagnostic testing between November 2004 and June 2006. Results: In group 1, 1474 specimens were examined for hMPV RNA. Sixty-three evaluable patients were infected with hMPV of whom 4 (6.3%) had seizures, compared with 145 patients infected with RSV of whom I had seizures (0.7%, P = 0.031). Comparing respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and hMPV infections, there was no significant difference in the occurrence of fever. All children with hMPV infections and seizures were hospitalized and 3 were intubated because of status epilepticus. Group 2 consisted of 205 pediatric cases referred to CEP between November 2004 and June 2006 who had hMPV testing done. hMPV was detected in nasopharyngeal swabs of 5 patients. Neither hMPV RNA nor antihMPV specific IgM were detectable in the CSF from the 5 patients for whom CSF was available. Conclusion: Nine cases of CNS illness temporally associated with the presence of hMPV nucleic acid in the upper airway are described. Compared with children infected with RSV, children with hMPV were significantly more likely to have had a seizure. Our data, in conjunction with previously reported cases suggest that hMPV may be associated with a spectrum of CNS disease ranging from febrile seizures to severe, fatal encephalitis. C1 [Arnold, John C.; Milder, Edmund] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Arnold, John C.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Singh, Kumud K.; Spector, Stephen A.; Sawyer, Mark H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat, Ctr AIDS Res, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Gavali, Shilpa; Glaser, Carol] Ctr Infect Dis, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Lab, Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Arnold, JC (reprint author), Childrens Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, 3020 Childrens Way,MC 5041, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. EM jcarnold@ucsd.edu FU Virology Core, Center for AIDS Research, University of California, San Diego, CA [AI-36214] FX Supported in part by AI-36214 (Virology Core, Center for AIDS Research, University of California, San Diego, CA). NR 20 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 28 IS 12 BP 1057 EP 1060 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181acd221 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 525OH UT WOS:000272225200004 PM 19755929 ER PT J AU Krous, HF Grossfeld, P Arnold, J AF Krous, Henry F. Grossfeld, Paul Arnold, John TI Untitled Response SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Letter C1 [Krous, Henry F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pathol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Grossfeld, Paul] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Arnold, John] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Krous, HF (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pathol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 W CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 66 IS 6 BP 714 EP 715 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 522UA UT WOS:000272023200023 ER PT J AU Brown, CM Kramida, AE Feldman, U Reader, J AF Brown, C. M. Kramida, A. E. Feldman, U. Reader, J. TI Extension of the resonance line series of Mg III SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-LEVELS; EXTENDED ANALYSIS; SPECTRUM; ULTRAVIOLET; MAGNESIUM; NEII AB Spectra of Mg emitted by a Penning discharge were recorded in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) on a 10.7-m grazing-incidence spectrograph with phosphor image plates. The spectra provided nine new lines of Mg III between 156 and 166 angstrom and allowed us to improve previous wavelength measurements for another seven lines in this spectral region. C1 [Brown, C. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kramida, A. E.; Reader, J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20889 USA. [Feldman, U.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. RP Brown, CM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7674B, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM charles.brown@nrl.navy.mil; alexander.kramida@nist.gov OI Kramida, Alexander/0000-0002-0788-8087 FU US Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); EIS Solar B program FX We are grateful to G Nave and C Sansonetti for their assistance in conducting this research. The work at NIST was supported in part by the Office of Fusion Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy and by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The NRL portion of this work was supported in part by the NASA funded part of the EIS Solar B program. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-8949 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 065302 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/80/06/065302 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 526FB UT WOS:000272272000021 ER PT J AU Calandra, M Mazin, II Mauri, F AF Calandra, Matteo Mazin, I. I. Mauri, Francesco TI Effect of dimensionality on the charge-density wave in few-layer 2H-NbSe2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE charge density waves; density functional theory; electron-phonon interactions; Fermi surface; niobium compounds; semiconductor materials; semiconductor thin films ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; 2H-TASE2; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; MECHANISM; SURFACE AB We investigate the charge-density wave (CDW) instability in single and double layers, as well as in the bulk 2H-NbSe2. We demonstrate that the density functional theory correctly describes the metallic CDW state in the bulk 2H-NbSe2. We predict that both monolayer and bilayer NbSe2 undergo a CDW instability. However, while in the bulk the instability occurs at a momentum q(CDW)approximate to 2/3 Gamma M, in freestanding layers it occurs at q(CDW)approximate to 1/2 Gamma M. Furthermore, while in the bulk the CDW leads to a metallic state, in a monolayer the ground state becomes semimetallic, in agreement with recent experimental data. We elucidate the key role that an enhancement of the electron-phonon matrix element at q approximate to q(CDW) plays in forming the CDW ground state. C1 [Calandra, Matteo; Mauri, Francesco] CNRS, F-75252 Paris 05, France. [Mazin, I. I.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Calandra, Matteo; Mauri, Francesco] Inst Mineral & Phys Milieux Condenses, F-75252 Paris 05, France. RP Calandra, M (reprint author), CNRS, Case 115,4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris 05, France. RI Calandra, Matteo/B-6161-2014; mauri, francesco/K-5726-2012 OI mauri, francesco/0000-0002-6666-4710 FU IDRIS Supercomputing Center [081202] FX Calculations were performed at the IDRIS Supercomputing Center (Project No. 081202). NR 25 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 45 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 24 AR 241108 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.241108 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BU UT WOS:000273229200008 ER PT J AU Parker, D AF Parker, David TI Proposal to detect plane-parallel nodal lines in Sr2RuO4 via tunneling spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE Fermi surface; ferromagnetic materials; magnetic superconductors; quasiparticles; strontium compounds; tunnelling spectra ID TRIPLET SUPERCONDUCTOR SR2RUO4; DIFFERENTIAL CONDUCTANCE; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; GAP STRUCTURE; TRANSITION; JUNCTIONS; CONTACTS; NODES; STATE AB Since the original proposal of an unconventional chiral order parameter in the ruthenate perovskite superconductor Sr2RuO4, much attention has been given to the possibility of plane-parallel nodal lines on the predominant gamma cylindrical Fermi surface given evidence for low-lying quasiparticle excitations in this material. Here I propose a tunneling spectroscopy experiment to determine whether such nodal lines in fact exist. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Parker, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6390,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 22 AR 220508 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.220508 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 539BN UT WOS:000273228500024 ER PT J AU Abelev, BI Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Baumgart, S Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Benedosso, F Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Biritz, B Bland, LC Bnzarov, I Bombara, M Bonner, BE Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Burton, TP Bystersky, M Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Catu, O Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, KE Christie, W Clarke, RF Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cormier, TM Cosentino, MR Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Dash, S Daugherity, M De Silva, LC Dedovich, TG DePhillips, M Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Didenko, L Djawotho, P Dogra, SM Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Efimov, LG Elhalhuli, E Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Eun, L Fachini, P Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Feng, A Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gaillard, L Gangadharan, DR Ganti, MS Garcia-Solis, EJ Geromitsos, A Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gorbunov, YN Gordon, A Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Grube, B Guertin, SM Guimaraes, KSFF Gupta, A Gupta, N Guryn, W Haag, B Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Harris, JW He, W Heinz, M Heppelmann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffman, AM Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Iordanova, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jakl, P Jena, C Jin, F Jones, CL Jones, PG Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kajimoto, K Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Khodyrev, VY Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klein, SR Knospe, AG Kocoloski, A Koetke, DD Konzer, J Kopytine, M Koralt, I Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kouchpil, V Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Krus, M Kuhn, C Kumar, L Kurnadi, P Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, CH Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, N Li, Y Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, H Liu, J Liu, L Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McDonald, D McShane, TS Meschanin, A Milner, R Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mischke, A Mohanty, B Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nattrass, C Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Ng, MJ Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okada, H Okorokov, V Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Phatak, SC Pile, P Planinic, M Ploskon, MA Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Poskanzer, AM Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Russcher, MJ Sahoo, R Sakai, S Sakrejda, I Sakuma, T Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarsour, M Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Seyboth, P Shabetai, A Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shi, SS Shi, XH Sichtermann, EP Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Staszak, D Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Subba, NL Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Timoshenko, S Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Tram, VN Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Videbaek, F Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Wada, M Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, X Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, Y Xie, W Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, Y Xu, Z Yang, Y Yepes, P Yip, K Yoo, IK Yue, Q Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, Y Zhong, C Zhou, J Zhu, X Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zuo, JX AF Abelev, B. I. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Anderson, B. D. Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Barannikova, O. Barnby, L. S. Baudot, J. Baumgart, S. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Benedosso, F. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Biritz, B. Bland, L. C. Bnzarov, I. Bombara, M. Bonner, B. E. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Burton, T. P. Bystersky, M. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Catu, O. Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chajecki, Z. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Choi, K. E. Christie, W. Clarke, R. F. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cormier, T. M. Cosentino, M. R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Das, D. Dash, S. Daugherity, M. De Silva, L. C. Dedovich, T. G. DePhillips, M. Derevschikov, A. A. de Souza, R. Derradi Didenko, L. Djawotho, P. Dogra, S. M. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Dunlop, J. C. Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta Efimov, L. G. Elhalhuli, E. Elnimr, M. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Erazmus, B. Estienne, M. Eun, L. Fachini, P. Fatemi, R. Fedorisin, J. Feng, A. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fine, V. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gaillard, L. Gangadharan, D. R. Ganti, M. S. Garcia-Solis, E. J. Geromitsos, A. Geurts, F. Ghazikhanian, V. Ghosh, P. Gorbunov, Y. N. Gordon, A. Grebenyuk, O. Grosnick, D. Grube, B. Guertin, S. M. Guimaraes, K. S. F. F. Gupta, A. Gupta, N. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hallman, T. J. Hamed, A. Harris, J. W. He, W. Heinz, M. Heppelmann, S. Hippolyte, B. Hirsch, A. Hjort, E. Hoffman, A. M. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Hollis, R. S. Huang, H. Z. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Iordanova, A. Jacobs, P. Jacobs, W. W. Jakl, P. Jena, C. Jin, F. Jones, C. L. Jones, P. G. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kajimoto, K. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Kauder, K. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kettler, D. Khodyrev, V. Yu. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Klein, S. R. Knospe, A. G. Kocoloski, A. Koetke, D. D. Konzer, J. Kopytine, M. Koralt, I. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kouchpil, V. Kravtsov, P. Kravtsov, V. I. Krueger, K. Krus, M. Kuhn, C. Kumar, L. Kurnadi, P. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, C. -H. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, N. Li, Y. Lin, G. Lindenbaum, S. J. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Liu, H. Liu, J. Liu, L. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Love, W. A. Lu, Y. Ludlam, T. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Mangotra, L. K. Manweiler, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. Matulenko, Yu. A. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Meschanin, A. Milner, R. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mischke, A. Mohanty, B. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Nandi, B. K. Nattrass, C. Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Netrakanti, P. K. Ng, M. J. Nogach, L. V. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Okada, H. Okorokov, V. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Peitzmann, T. Perevoztchikov, V. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Phatak, S. C. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Ploskon, M. A. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Poskanzer, A. M. Potukuchi, B. V. K. S. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Ridiger, A. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Rose, A. Roy, C. Ruan, L. Russcher, M. J. Sahoo, R. Sakai, S. Sakrejda, I. Sakuma, T. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sarsour, M. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Selyuzhenkov, I. Seyboth, P. Shabetai, A. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Shi, X. -H. Sichtermann, E. P. Simon, F. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Sorensen, P. Sowinski, J. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Staszak, D. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Subba, N. L. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Symons, T. J. M. de Toledo, A. Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Timoshenko, S. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trainor, T. A. Tram, V. N. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tsai, O. D. Ulery, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbaek, F. Vigdor, S. E. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xie, W. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yip, K. Yoo, I. -K. Yue, Q. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, Y. Zhong, C. Zhou, J. Zhu, X. Zoulkarneev, R. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zuo, J. X. CA STAR Collaboration TI Long range rapidity correlations and jet production in high energy nuclear collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE; RIDGE AB The STAR Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider presents a systematic study of high-transverse-momentum charged-di-hadron correlations at small azimuthal pair separation Delta phi in d+Au and central Au+Au collisions at s(NN)=200 GeV. Significant correlated yield for pairs with large longitudinal separation Delta eta is observed in central Au+Au collisions, in contrast to d+Au collisions. The associated yield distribution in Delta eta x Delta phi can be decomposed into a narrow jet-like peak at small angular separation which has a similar shape to that found in d+Au collisions, and a component that is narrow in Delta phi and depends only weakly on Delta eta, the "ridge." Using two systematically independent determinations of the background normalization and shape, finite ridge yield is found to persist for trigger p(t)>6 GeV/c, indicating that it is correlated with jet production. The transverse-momentum spectrum of hadrons comprising the ridge is found to be similar to that of bulk particle production in the measured range (2 < p(t)< 4 GeV/c). C1 [Abelev, B. I.; Barannikova, O.; Betts, R. R.; Garcia-Solis, E. J.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Iordanova, A.; Kauder, K.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Barnby, L. S.; Bombara, M.; Burton, T. P.; Elhalhuli, E.; Gaillard, L.; Jones, P. G.; Nelson, J. M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Arkhipkin, D.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Christie, W.; DePhillips, M.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fachini, P.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Guryn, W.; Hallman, T. J.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Love, W. A.; Ludlam, T.; Ogawa, A.; Okada, H.; Perevoztchikov, V.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Das, D.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Liu, H.; Mall, O. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Biritz, B.; Cendejas, R.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Ghazikhanian, V.; Guertin, S. M.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Kurnadi, P.; Sakai, S.; Staszak, D.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Whitten, C., Jr.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [de Souza, R. Derradi; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Cherney, M.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; McShane, T. S.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Krus, M.; Pachr, M.] Czech Tech Univ, Fac Nucl Sci & Phys Engn, CZ-11519 Prague, Czech Republic. [Bielcikova, J.; Bystersky, M.; Chaloupka, P.; Jakl, P.; Jena, C.; Kapitan, J.; Kouchpil, V.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. [Dash, S.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Phatak, S. C.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Pujahari, P. R.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [He, W.; Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Sowinski, J.; Vigdor, S. E.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Baudot, J.; Hippolyte, B.; Kuhn, C.; Shabetai, A.] Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. [Bhasin, A.; Dogra, S. M.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, N.; Mangotra, L. K.; Potukuchi, B. V. K. S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Alakhverdyants, A. V.; Averichev, G. S.; Bnzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneev, R.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. [Anderson, B. D.; Bouchet, J.; Chen, J. H.; Joseph, J.; Keane, D.; Kopytine, M.; Margetis, S.; Pandit, Y.; Subba, N. L.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.; Zhang, W. M.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Fatemi, R.; Korsch, W.; Webb, G.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Yang, Y.; Zhan, W.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Dong, X.; Grebenyuk, O.; Hjort, E.; Jacobs, P.; Kikola, D. P.; Kiryluk, J.; Klein, S. R.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Odyniec, G.; Olson, D.; Ploskon, M. A.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Ritter, H. G.; Rose, A.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Tram, V. N.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balewski, J.; Betancourt, M. J.; Corliss, R.; Hoffman, A. M.; Jones, C. L.; Kocoloski, A.; Leight, W.; Milner, R.; Redwine, R.; Sakuma, T.; Surrow, B.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Walker, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.; Simon, F.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Tarnowsky, T.; Wang, H.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Okorokov, V.; Ridiger, A.; Strikhanov, M.; Timoshenko, S.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Lindenbaum, S. J.] CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Benedosso, F.; Braidot, E.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.] NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Benedosso, F.; Braidot, E.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.] Univ Utrecht, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Chajecki, Z.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bueltmann, S.; Koralt, I.; Plyku, D.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Eun, L.; Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Khodyrev, V. Yu.; Kravtsov, V. I.; Matulenko, Yu. A.; Meschanin, A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Hirsch, A.; Konzer, J.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Ulery, J.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Choi, K. E.; Grube, B.; Lee, C. -H.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Bonner, B. E.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Liu, J.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Yepes, P.; Zhou, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Cosentino, M. R.; Guimaraes, K. S. F. F.; Munhoz, M. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; de Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.; Zhao, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Xu, Q. H.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Jin, F.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shi, X. -H.; Tian, J.; Zhang, S.; Zhong, C.; Zuo, J. X.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Erazmus, B.; Estienne, M.; Geromitsos, A.; Kabana, S.; Roy, C.; Sahoo, R.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Cervantes, M. C.; Clarke, R. F.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Djawotho, P.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Huo, L.; Mioduszewski, S.; Sarsour, M.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Daugherity, M.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Kajimoto, K.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, X.; Wang, Y.; Yue, Q.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Webb, J. C.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta; Ganti, M. S.; Ghosh, P.; Mohanty, B.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Singaraju, R. N.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Kisiel, A.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.; Trainor, T. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bellwied, R.; Cormier, T. M.; De Silva, L. C.; Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Chen, J. Y.; Feng, A.; Li, N.; Liu, F.; Liu, L.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y.] CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Baumgart, S.; Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Catu, O.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Heinz, M.; Knospe, A. G.; Lin, G.; Majka, R.; Nattrass, C.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Abelev, BI (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RI Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/H-4587-2016; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Cosentino, Mauro/L-2418-2014; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013 OI Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/0000-0003-0578-9533; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Fisyak, Yuri/0000-0002-3151-8377; Bhasin, Anju/0000-0002-3687-8179; Sorensen, Paul/0000-0001-5056-9391; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Cosentino, Mauro/0000-0002-7880-8611; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311 NR 32 TC 174 Z9 176 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 064912 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.064912 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700065 ER PT J AU Ollier, J Simpson, J Wang, X Riley, MA Aguilar, A Teal, C Paul, ES Nolan, PJ Petri, M Rigby, SV Thomson, J Unsworth, C Carpenter, MP Janssens, RVF Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Zhu, S Hartley, DJ Darby, IG Ragnarsson, I AF Ollier, J. Simpson, J. Wang, X. Riley, M. A. Aguilar, A. Teal, C. Paul, E. S. Nolan, P. J. Petri, M. Rigby, S. V. Thomson, J. Unsworth, C. Carpenter, M. P. Janssens, R. V. F. Kondev, F. G. Lauritsen, T. Zhu, S. Hartley, D. J. Darby, I. G. Ragnarsson, I. TI Ultrahigh-spin spectroscopy of Er-159,Er-160: Observation of triaxial strongly deformed structures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE-HOLE EXCITATIONS; HIGH ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; WOBBLING EXCITATIONS; ROTATIONAL BANDS; NUCLEI; SUPERDEFORMATION; SHAPES; ER-160; MODE AB Three weakly populated high-spin rotational bands associated with the gamma decay of Er-159 and Er-160 were observed in fusion-evaporation reactions involving a beam of Ca-48 at an energy of 215 MeV incident on a Cd-116 target. The gamma decays were detected using the highly efficient Gammasphere spectrometer. The discovery of these bands, which extend discrete-line spectroscopy in these nuclei to ultrahigh spin of similar to 60h, is consistent with recent observations of high-spin collective structures in isotopes of Er, Yb, and Tm around N=90. Cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations suggest that these bands may arise from well-deformed triaxial configurations with either positive or negative gamma deformation. C1 [Ollier, J.; Simpson, J.] STFC Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. [Wang, X.; Riley, M. A.; Aguilar, A.; Teal, C.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Paul, E. S.; Nolan, P. J.; Petri, M.; Rigby, S. V.; Thomson, J.; Unsworth, C.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Carpenter, M. P.; Janssens, R. V. F.; Kondev, F. G.; Lauritsen, T.; Zhu, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Carpenter, M. P.; Janssens, R. V. F.; Kondev, F. G.; Lauritsen, T.; Zhu, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Hartley, D. J.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Darby, I. G.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Ragnarsson, I.] Lund Univ, LTH, Div Math Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. RP Ollier, J (reprint author), STFC Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; Petri, Marina/H-4630-2016 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Petri, Marina/0000-0002-3740-6106 FU United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council; State of Florida; National Science Foundation [PHY-0554762]; US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-FG02-96ER40963]; Swedish Science Research Council FX We thank Paul Morrall from STFC Daresbury Laboratory for preparing the targets and the staff at Argonne National Laboratory for their excellent support. This work is supported by the United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council, the State of Florida, the National Science Foundation under Contract No. PHY-0554762, the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract Nos. DE-AC02-06CH11357 and DE-FG02-96ER40963, and the Swedish Science Research Council. NR 37 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 064322 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.064322 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700032 ER PT J AU Yadav, RB Ma, WC Hagemann, GB Amro, H Bracco, A Carpenter, MP Domscheit, J Frattini, S Hartley, DJ Herskind, B Hubel, H Janssens, RVF Khoo, TL Kondev, FG Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Million, B Odegard, S Riedinger, LL Schmidt, KA Siem, S Sletten, G Varmette, PG Wilson, JN Zhang, YC AF Yadav, R. B. Ma, W. C. Hagemann, G. B. Amro, H. Bracco, A. Carpenter, M. P. Domscheit, J. Frattini, S. Hartley, D. J. Herskind, B. Huebel, H. Janssens, R. V. F. Khoo, T. L. Kondev, F. G. Lauritsen, T. Lister, C. J. Million, B. Odegard, S. Riedinger, L. L. Schmidt, K. A. Siem, S. Sletten, G. Varmette, P. G. Wilson, J. N. Zhang, Y. C. TI High-spin proton alignments and coexisting coupling schemes in Hf-168 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HIGH ROTATIONAL FREQUENCY; RARE-EARTH NUCLEI; TRIAXIAL SUPERDEFORMATION; WOBBLING EXCITATIONS; BARRIER PENETRATION; SPECTROSCOPY; DECAY; BANDS; ISOMERS; LU-167 AB High-spin states in Hf-168 were populated in the Zr-96(Ge-76,4n) reaction and the decay gamma rays measured with the Gammasphere spectrometer array. Previously known bands were extended to significantly higher spins and seven new bands were established. The results were interpreted within the framework of the cranked shell model with the help of comparisons with neighboring nuclei. The observation of full alignment in band crossings at a rotational frequency h omega similar to 0.55 MeV revealed that these crossings are associated with proton alignments involving h(11/2) and h(9/2) orbitals. The characteristics of one strongly coupled high-K band indicate that the deformation-aligned configuration is built on the same six quasiparticles that constitute the high-spin structure of a rotationally aligned band. This leads to the coexistence of two coupling schemes, deformation and rotation alignment, in six-quasiparticle structures involving the same orbitals. C1 [Yadav, R. B.; Ma, W. C.; Amro, H.; Varmette, P. G.; Zhang, Y. C.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Hagemann, G. B.; Herskind, B.; Schmidt, K. A.; Sletten, G.; Varmette, P. G.; Wilson, J. N.] Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Bracco, A.; Frattini, S.; Million, B.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Carpenter, M. P.; Janssens, R. V. F.; Khoo, T. L.; Lauritsen, T.; Lister, C. J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Domscheit, J.; Huebel, H.] Univ Bonn, Helmholtz Inst Strahlen & Kernphys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Hartley, D. J.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Kondev, F. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Odegard, S.; Siem, S.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. [Riedinger, L. L.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Yadav, RB (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 44 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 064306 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.064306 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 539DC UT WOS:000273232700016 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Atwood, WB Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Burnett, TH Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Celik, O Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J de Palma, F Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Focke, WB Fortin, P Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gehrels, N Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hays, E Horan, D Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Makeev, A Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Roth, M Sadrozinski, HFW Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Sgro, C Share, GH Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Atwood, W. B. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Burnett, T. H. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Focke, W. B. Fortin, P. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hays, E. Horan, D. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Roth, M. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sgro, C. Share, G. H. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI Fermi large area telescope observations of the cosmic-ray induced gamma-ray emission of the Earth's atmosphere SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HELIUM SPECTRA; RADIATION; ALBEDO; PROTON; MODEL; SATELLITE; OSO-3; EGRET; ANGLE AB We report on measurements of the cosmic-ray induced gamma-ray emission of Earth's atmosphere by the Large Area Telescope on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. The Large Area Telescope has observed the Earth during its commissioning phase and with a dedicated Earth limb following observation in September 2008. These measurements yielded similar to 6.4x10(6) photons with energies > 100 MeV and similar to 250 hours total live time for the highest quality data selection. This allows the study of the spatial and spectral distributions of these photons with unprecedented detail. The spectrum of the emission-often referred to as Earth albedo gamma-ray emission-has a power-law shape up to 500 GeV with spectral index Gamma=2.79 +/- 0.06. 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EM markusa@slac.stanford.edu; funk@slac.stanford.edu; warit@slac.stanford.edu RI Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; OI Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/ Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT); High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/ Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. NR 30 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 12 AR 122004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.122004 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DI UT WOS:000273233300010 ER PT J AU Abelev, BI Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baumgart, S Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Benedosso, F Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Biritz, B Bland, LC Bonner, BE Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Bridgeman, A Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Catu, O Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, KE Christie, W Chung, P Clarke, RF Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Dash, S Leyva, AD Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG DePhillips, M Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Didenko, L Djawotho, P Dogra, SM Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Efimov, LG Elhalhuli, E Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Eun, L Fachini, P Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Fersch, RG Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Ganti, MS Garcia-Solis, EJ Geromitsos, A Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gorbunov, YN Gordon, A Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Grube, B Guertin, SM Gupta, A Gupta, N Guryn, W Haag, B Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Han, LX Harris, JW Hays-Wehle, JP Heinz, M Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffman, AM Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Iordanova, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jakl, P Jena, C Jin, F Jones, CL Jones, PG Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kajimoto, K Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klein, SR Knospe, AG Kocoloski, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Kopytine, M Koralt, I Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kouchpil, V Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Krus, M Kumar, L Kurnadi, P Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, CH Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, L Li, N Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, Z Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, H Liu, J Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Love, WA Lu, Y Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McDonald, D McShane, TS Meschanin, A Milner, R Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mischke, A Mitrovski, MK Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nattrass, C Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Ng, MJ Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okada, H Okorokov, V Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Phatak, SC Pile, P Planinic, M Ploskon, MA Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Poskanzer, AM Potukuchi, BVKS Powell, CB Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Rehberg, JM Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Russcher, MJ Sahoo, R Sakai, S Sakrejda, I Sakuma, T Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schuster, TR Seele, J Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shi, SS Sichtermann, EP Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Staszak, D Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Subba, NL Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Timoshenko, S Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Tram, VN Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Wada, M Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, X Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wingfield, E Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, Y Xie, W Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, W Xu, Y Xu, Z Xue, L Yang, Y Yepes, P Yip, K Yoo, IK Yue, Q Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhou, J Zhou, W Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y AF Abelev, B. 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Peitzmann, T. Perevoztchikov, V. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Phatak, S. C. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Ploskon, M. A. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Poskanzer, A. M. Potukuchi, B. V. K. S. Powell, C. B. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Rehberg, J. M. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Rose, A. Roy, C. Ruan, L. Russcher, M. J. Sahoo, R. Sakai, S. Sakrejda, I. Sakuma, T. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sangaline, E. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmitz, N. Schuster, T. R. Seele, J. Seger, J. Selyuzhenkov, I. Seyboth, P. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Sichtermann, E. P. Simon, F. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Sorensen, P. Sowinski, J. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Staszak, D. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Subba, N. L. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Symons, T. J. M. de Toledo, A. Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Timoshenko, S. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trainor, T. A. Tram, V. N. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tsai, O. D. Ulery, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbaek, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wingfield, E. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xie, W. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xue, L. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K. Yue, Q. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhou, J. Zhou, W. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkarneev, R. Zoulkarneeva, Y. TI Longitudinal double-spin asymmetry and cross section for inclusive neutral pion production at midrapidity in polarized proton collisions at s=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; NUCLEON; PHOTOPRODUCTION; MOMENTUM; HADRONS; JET AB We report a measurement of the longitudinal double-spin asymmetry A(LL) and the differential cross section for inclusive pi(0) production at midrapidity in polarized proton collisions at s=200 GeV. The cross section was measured over a transverse momentum range of 1 < p(T)< 17 GeV/c and found to be in good agreement with a next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculation. The longitudinal double-spin asymmetry was measured in the range of 3.7 < p(T)< 11 GeV/c and excludes a maximal positive gluon polarization in the proton. The mean transverse momentum fraction of pi(0)'s in their parent jets was found to be around 0.7 for electromagnetically triggered events. C1 [Abelev, B. I.; Barannikova, O.; Betts, R. 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A.; Meschanin, A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Hirsch, A.; Konzer, J.; Li, X.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Ulery, J.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Choi, K. E.; Grube, B.; Lee, C. -H.; Yoo, I-K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Bonner, B. E.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Liu, J.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Yepes, P.; Zhou, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Munhoz, M. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; de Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Li, X.; Xu, Q. H.; Zhou, W.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. 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[Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Abelev, BI (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RI Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Xue, Liang/F-8077-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Xu, Wenqin/H-7553-2014; Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017 OI Mohanty, Bedangadas/0000-0001-9610-2914; Bhasin, Anju/0000-0002-3687-8179; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Xue, Liang/0000-0002-2321-9019; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Xu, Wenqin/0000-0002-5976-4991; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345 FU U. S. NSF; Sloan Foundation,; DFG; CNRS/IN2P3; STFC; EPSRC of the United Kingdom; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Ed. and Sci. of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM; NWO of the Netherlands; DAE; DST; CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education, and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; Russian Ministry of Science and Technology; RosAtom of Russia FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U. S. DOE Office of Science, the U. S. NSF, the Sloan Foundation, the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe,'' CNRS/IN2P3, STFC and EPSRC of the United Kingdom, FAPESP CNPq of Brazil, Ministry of Ed. and Sci. of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FOM and NWO of the Netherlands, DAE, DST, and CSIR of India, Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Korea Research Foundation, Ministry of Science, Education, and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, Russian Ministry of Science and Technology, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 35 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 11 AR 111108 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.111108 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DF UT WOS:000273233000008 ER PT J AU Abelev, BI Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alakhverdyants, AV Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baumgart, S Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Benedosso, F Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Biritz, B Bland, LC Bnzarov, I Bonner, BE Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Bridgeman, A Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Burton, TP Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCDB Catu, O Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, KE Christie, W Chung, P Clarke, RF Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Dash, S De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG DePhillips, M Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Didenko, L Djawotho, P Dogra, SM Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Efimov, LG Elhalhuli, E Elnimr, M Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Eun, L Fachini, P Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Fersch, RG Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Ganti, MS Garcia-Solis, EJ Geromitsos, A Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gorbunov, YN Gordon, A Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Grube, B Guertin, SM Gupta, A Gupta, N Guryn, W Haag, B Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Han, LX Harris, JW Hays-Wehle, JP Heinz, M Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffman, AM Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Iordanova, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jakl, P Jena, C Jin, F Jones, CL Jones, PG Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kajimoto, K Kang, K Kapitan, J Kauder, K Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Khodyrev, VY Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klein, SR Knospe, AG Kocoloski, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Kopytine, M Koralt, I Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kouchpil, V Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Krus, M Kumar, L Kurnadi, P Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, CH Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, N Li, X Li, Y Li, Z Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, H Liu, J Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McDonald, D McShane, TS Meschanin, A Milner, R Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mischke, A Mitrovski, MK Mohanty, B Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nattrass, C Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Ng, MJ Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okada, H Okorokov, V Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Phatak, SC Pile, P Planinic, M Ploskon, MA Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Poskanzer, AM Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Rehberg, JM Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Russcher, MJ Sahoo, R Sakai, S Sakrejda, I Sakuma, T Salur, S Sandweiss, J Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Schuster, TR Seele, J Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Seyboth, P Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shi, SS Sichtermann, EP Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Staszak, D Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Subba, NL Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Timoshenko, S Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Tram, VN Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Videbaek, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Wada, M Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, X Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, Y Xie, W Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, W Xu, Y Xu, Z Xue, L Yang, Y Yepes, P Yip, K Yoo, IK Yue, Q Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, Y Zhong, C Zhou, J Zhou, W Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y AF Abelev, B. I. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Anderson, B. D. Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Barannikova, O. Barnby, L. S. Baumgart, S. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Benedosso, F. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Biritz, B. Bland, L. C. Bnzarov, I. Bonner, B. E. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Bridgeman, A. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Burton, T. P. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Catu, O. Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chajecki, Z. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Choi, K. E. Christie, W. Chung, P. Clarke, R. F. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Das, D. Dash, S. De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. DePhillips, M. Derevschikov, A. A. de Souza, R. Derradi Didenko, L. Djawotho, P. Dogra, S. M. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Dunlop, J. C. Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta Efimov, L. G. Elhalhuli, E. Elnimr, M. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Erazmus, B. Estienne, M. Eun, L. Fachini, P. Fatemi, R. Fedorisin, J. Fersch, R. G. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fine, V. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gangadharan, D. R. Ganti, M. S. Garcia-Solis, E. J. Geromitsos, A. Geurts, F. Ghazikhanian, V. Ghosh, P. Gorbunov, Y. N. Gordon, A. Grebenyuk, O. Grosnick, D. Grube, B. Guertin, S. M. Gupta, A. Gupta, N. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hallman, T. J. Hamed, A. Han, L-X. Harris, J. W. Hays-Wehle, J. P. Heinz, M. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hjort, E. Hoffman, A. M. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Hollis, R. S. Huang, H. Z. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Iordanova, A. Jacobs, P. Jacobs, W. W. Jakl, P. Jena, C. Jin, F. Jones, C. L. Jones, P. G. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kajimoto, K. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Kauder, K. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kettler, D. Khodyrev, V. Yu. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Klein, S. R. Knospe, A. G. Kocoloski, A. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Kopytine, M. Koralt, I. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kouchpil, V. Kravtsov, P. Kravtsov, V. I. Krueger, K. Krus, M. Kumar, L. Kurnadi, P. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, C-H. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, N. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Lin, G. Lindenbaum, S. J. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Liu, H. Liu, J. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Love, W. A. Lu, Y. Ludlam, T. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Mangotra, L. K. Manweiler, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. Matulenko, Yu. A. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Meschanin, A. Milner, R. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mischke, A. Mitrovski, M. K. Mohanty, B. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Nandi, B. K. Nattrass, C. Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Netrakanti, P. K. Ng, M. J. Nogach, L. V. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Okada, H. Okorokov, V. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Peitzmann, T. Perevoztchikov, V. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Phatak, S. C. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Ploskon, M. A. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Poskanzer, A. M. Potukuchi, B. V. K. S. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Rehberg, J. M. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Rose, A. Roy, C. Ruan, L. Russcher, M. J. Sahoo, R. Sakai, S. Sakrejda, I. Sakuma, T. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmitz, N. Schuster, T. R. Seele, J. Seger, J. Selyuzhenkov, I. Seyboth, P. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Sichtermann, E. P. Simon, F. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Sorensen, P. Sowinski, J. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Staszak, D. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Subba, N. L. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Symons, T. J. M. de Toledo, A. Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Timoshenko, S. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trainor, T. A. Tram, V. N. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tsai, O. D. Ulery, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbaek, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xie, W. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xue, L. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K. Yue, Q. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, Y. Zhong, C. Zhou, J. Zhou, W. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y-H. Zoulkarneev, R. Zoulkarneeva, Y. TI Longitudinal spin transfer to Lambda and Lambda hyperons in polarized proton-proton collisions at s=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CHARGED CURRENT INTERACTIONS; PP COLLISIONS; (LAMBDA)OVER-BAR POLARIZATION; BARYON PRODUCTION; NOMAD EXPERIMENT; SCATTERING; DECAYS; DEEP AB The longitudinal spin transfer, D-LL, from high energy polarized protons to Lambda and Lambda hyperons has been measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions at s=200 GeV with the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The measurements cover pseudorapidity, eta, in the range |eta|< 1.2 and transverse momenta, p(T), up to 4 GeV/c. The longitudinal spin transfer is found to be D-LL=-0.03 +/- 0.13(stat)+/- 0.04(syst) for inclusive Lambda and D-LL=-0.12 +/- 0.08(stat)+/- 0.03(syst) for inclusive Lambda hyperons with <>=0.5 and << p(T)>>=3.7 GeV/c. The dependence on eta and p(T) is presented. C1 [Abelev, B. I.; Barannikova, O.; Betts, R. R.; Garcia-Solis, E. J.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Iordanova, A.; Kauder, K.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Bridgeman, A.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Barnby, L. S.; Burton, T. P.; Elhalhuli, E.; Jones, P. G.; Nelson, J. M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Arkhipkin, D.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; DePhillips, M.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fachini, P.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Guryn, W.; Hallman, T. J.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Love, W. A.; Ludlam, T.; Ogawa, A.; Okada, H.; Perevoztchikov, V.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Ng, M. J.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sanchez, M. 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N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Hirsch, A.; Konzer, J.; Li, X.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Ulery, J.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Choi, K. E.; Grube, B.; Lee, C-H.; Yoo, I-K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Bonner, B. E.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Liu, J.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Yepes, P.; Zhou, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Munhoz, M. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; de Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.; Zhao, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Xu, Q. H.; Zhou, W.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Chen, J. H.; Han, L-X.; Jin, F.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Tian, J.; Xue, L.; Zhang, S.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, Y-H.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Erazmus, B.; Estienne, M.; Geromitsos, A.; Kabana, S.; Roy, C.; Sahoo, R.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Cervantes, M. C.; Clarke, R. F.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Djawotho, P.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Huo, L.; Mioduszewski, S.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Hoffmann, G. W.; Kajimoto, K.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, X.; Wang, Y.; Yue, Q.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Webb, J. C.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta; Ganti, M. S.; Ghosh, P.; Mohanty, B.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Singaraju, R. N.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. [Kisiel, A.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.; Trainor, T. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bellwied, R.; De Silva, L. C.; Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Chen, J. Y.; Li, N.; Li, Z.; Liu, F.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y.] CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Baumgart, S.; Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Catu, O.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Heinz, M.; Knospe, A. G.; Lin, G.; Majka, R.; Nattrass, C.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Abelev, BI (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RI Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Xue, Liang/F-8077-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Xu, Wenqin/H-7553-2014; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012 OI Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Xue, Liang/0000-0002-2321-9019; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Xu, Wenqin/0000-0002-5976-4991; FU Offices of NP and HEP; U. S. NSF; Sloan Foundation; DFG; CNRS [CNRS/IN2P3]; STFC; EPSRC of the United Kingdom; PESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China, GA; MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM; NOWof The Netherlands; DAE; DST; CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic Of Croatia; Russian Ministry of Science and Technology; RosAtom of Russia FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U. S. DOE Office of Science, the U. S. NSF, the Sloan Foundation, the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe,'' CNRS/IN2P3, STFC, and EPSRC of the United Kingdom, FAPESP CNPq of Brazil, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FOM and NOWof The Netherlands, DAE, DST, and CSIR of India, the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the Korea Research Foundation, the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic Of Croatia, the Russian Ministry of Science and Technology, and RosAtom of Russia. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC PY 2009 VL 80 IS 11 AR 111102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.111102 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 539DF UT WOS:000273233000002 ER PT J AU Lukin, VS AF Lukin, V. S. TI Stationary nontearing inertial scale electron magnetohydrodynamic instability SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article DE eigenvalues and eigenfunctions; magnetic reconnection; plasma instability; plasma magnetohydrodynamics ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; RECONNECTION AB Two-dimensional stationary nontearing inertial scale electron magnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) instability is described. The physical mechanism of the instability is illustrated. Analytical asymptotic estimate of the growth rate is provided and verified with a numerical calculation of the instability, also describing the characteristic structure of the eigenmode. Natural occurrence of the instability is demonstrated in a nonlinear EMHD simulation of a system undergoing magnetic reconnection, where the instability manifests itself on the outflow side of the magnetic field separatrix and may affect the self-determined length of the layer. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lukin, VS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD DEC PY 2009 VL 16 IS 12 AR 122105 DI 10.1063/1.3271160 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 538XI UT WOS:000273217200007 ER PT J AU Luginbuhl, CB Walker, CE Wainscoat, RJ AF Luginbuhl, Christian B. Walker, Constance E. Wainscoat, Richard J. TI Lighting and astronomy SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Article ID NIGHT-SKY; POLLUTION; ARIZONA; BRIGHTNESS; FLAGSTAFF C1 [Luginbuhl, Christian B.] USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. [Wainscoat, Richard J.] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Luginbuhl, CB (reprint author), USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD DEC PY 2009 VL 62 IS 12 BP 32 EP 37 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 526JF UT WOS:000272283600019 ER PT J AU Chavez, DE Tappan, BC Mason, BA Parrish, D AF Chavez, David E. Tappan, Bryce C. Mason, Benjamin Aaron Parrish, Damon TI Synthesis and Energetic Properties of Bis-(Triaminoguanidinium) 3,3 '-Dinitro-5,5 '-Azo-1,2,4-Triazolate (TAGDNAT): A New High-Nitrogen Material SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE Explosives; Propellants ID RICH SALTS AB This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of bis-(triaminoguanidinium)-3,3'-dinitro-5,5'-azo-1,2,4-triazolate (TAGDNAT), a novel high-nitrogen molecule that derives its energy release from both a high heat of formation and intramolecular oxidation reactions. TAGDNAT shows promise as a propellant or explosive ingredient not only due to its high nitrogen content (66.35 wt.-%) but also due to its high hydrogen content (4.34 wt.-%). This new molecule has been characterized with respect to its morphology, sensitivity properties, explosive, and combustion performance. The heat of formation of TAGDNAT was also experimentally determined. The results of these studies show that TAGDNAT has one of the fastest low-pressure burning rates (at 6.9 MPa) measured till date, 6.79 cm s(-1) at 6.9 MPa (39% faster than triaminoguanidinium azotetrazolate (TAGzT), a comparable high-nitrogen/high-hydrogen material). Furthermore, its pressure sensitivity is 0.507, a 33% reduction compared to TAGzT. C1 [Chavez, David E.; Tappan, Bryce C.; Mason, Benjamin Aaron] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Dynam & Energet Mat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Parrish, Damon] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chavez, DE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Dynam & Energet Mat Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dechavez@lanl.gov FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) - Advanced Energetics Initiative FX This work was supported by the joint Department of Defense and the Department of Energy Munitions Technology Development Program with partial funding from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) - Advanced Energetics Initiative. The Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Agency. We also would like to thank Gabriel Avilucea for sensitivity testing, Stephanie Hagelberg for elemental analysis, Jose Archuleta for chemical analysis, and Joe Lloyd for performing the rate stick/plate dent experiments. NR 22 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 34 IS 6 BP 475 EP 479 DI 10.1002/prep.200800081 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 539GV UT WOS:000273242900003 ER PT J AU Carlson, JD AF Carlson, John D. TI CASHING IN ON RELIGION'S CURRENCY?: ETHICAL CHALLENGES FOR A POST-SECULAR MILITARY SO REVIEW OF FAITH & INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS LA English DT Article AB Religion's prominence in this era of globalization is increasingly difficult to deny, and secular institutions are making significant adjustments to the new realities. The U.S. military is one such organization coming to grips with the post-secular world it inhabits. Indeed, we are told, engaging war's spiritual dynamics has become a military necessity. This essay considers the shifting contours of this post-secular landscape and the attendant ethical challenges for a consummately secular organization that rather suddenly discovers the relevance of religion to its mission and operating areas. C1 [Carlson, John D.] Arizona State Univ, Ctr Study Relig & Conflict, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Carlson, John D.] USN Reserve, Washington, DC USA. RP Carlson, JD (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Ctr Study Relig & Conflict, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU COUNCIL FAITH & INT AFFAIRS PI ARLINGTON PA PO BOX 12205, ARLINGTON, VA 22219-2205 USA SN 1557-0274 J9 REV FAITH INT AFF JI Rev. Faith Int. Aff. PD WIN PY 2009 VL 7 IS 4 BP 51 EP 62 PG 12 WC Religion SC Religion GA 542EL UT WOS:000273475000007 ER PT J AU Merritt, TA Deming, DD Boynton, BR AF Merritt, T. Allen Deming, Douglas D. Boynton, Bruce R. TI The 'new' bronchopulmonary dysplasia: challenges and commentary SO SEMINARS IN FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE Bronchopulmonary dysplasia; Chorioamniotitis; Fetal inflammatory response; Respiratory distress syndrome; Surfactant deficiency ID CHRONIC LUNG-DISEASE; ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR; BIRTH-WEIGHT INFANTS; RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; INHALED NITRIC-OXIDE; VENTILATED PRETERM INFANTS; VEGF RECEPTOR INHIBITOR; EARLY FETAL-DEVELOPMENT; WILSON-MIKITY-SYNDROME; INSTITUTES-OF-HEALTH AB Lung development is orchestrated by highly integrated morphogenic programs of interrelated patterns of gene and protein expression. Injury to the developing lung in the canalicular and saccular phases of lung development alters subsequent alveolar and vascular development resulting in simplified alveolar structures, dysmorphic capillary configuration, variable interstitial cellularity and fibroproliferation that are characteristic of the 'new' bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Fetal and neonatal infection, abnormal stretch of the developing airways and alveoli, altered expression Of surfactant proteins (or genetically altered proteins), polymorphisms of genes encoding for vascular endothelial growth factors, and reactive oxygen species result in imparied gas exchange in the developing lung. However, the 'new' BPD represents only one form of neonatal chronic lung disease and the consistent use of both the physiologic definition and severity scale would provide greater accuracy in determining the impact of the disease currently defined by its treatment. Our present labelling of the clinical state of oxygen Supplementation and/or ventilatory support at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age and the histopathologic severity of alveolar arrest and vascular 'simplification' may not always be predictive of the degree of altered lung development and thus longer-term pulmonary function evaluations are needed to determine the impact of this disorder in specific infants. The proposed role of novel molecular therapies, and the combined effects Of Currently established therapies, as well as exogenous surfactant and inhaled nitric oxide or repetitive surfactant dosing, on the severity and incidence of new BPD hold considerable promise for reducing the long-term Pulmonary moribidity among infants delivered prematurely. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Merritt, T. Allen] Loma Linda Univ, Div Neonatol, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA. [Boynton, Bruce R.] United States Navy, Bur Med & Surg, Washington, DC USA. RP Merritt, TA (reprint author), Loma Linda Univ, Div Neonatol, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, 11175 Campus St,Suite 11121, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA. EM tamerritt@llu.edu NR 120 TC 52 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1744-165X J9 SEMIN FETAL NEONAT M JI Semin. Fetal Neonatal Med. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 14 IS 6 BP 345 EP 357 DI 10.1016/j.siny.2009.08.009 PG 13 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 519UC UT WOS:000271793200005 PM 19747889 ER PT J AU Chung, CB Boucher, R Resnick, D AF Chung, Christine B. Boucher, Ronald Resnick, Donald TI MR Imaging of Synovial Disorders of the Knee SO SEMINARS IN MUSCULOSKELETAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE MR imaging; knee; synovium; synovitis; synovial processes ID PIGMENTED VILLONODULAR SYNOVITIS; CALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE DIHYDRATE; ARTICULAR RHEUMATOID NODULE; TUMOR-LIKE LESIONS; GADOPENTETATE DIMEGLUMINE; INTERNAL DERANGEMENT; LIPOMA ARBORESCENS; TOPHACEOUS GOUT; RECURRENT HEMARTHROSIS; PREPATELLAR BURSITIS AB Synovial membranes line the diarthrodial (movable) joints, bursae, and tendon sheaths of the body. The primary function of this specialized, vascular tissue is to serve as a filter system that lubricates and nourishes the articular structures as well as serving as a shock-absorber. The synovium is affected by a variety of disorders that can be localized to a specific articulation or can be systemic in nature. These include inflammatory, infectious, degenerative, traumatic, or neoplastic categories of disease. Further, MR imaging provides an excellent non-invasive tool for the evaluation of the synovium and synovial-based processes. This article will discuss technical considerations pertinent to the MR imaging evaluation of synovial processes in the knee; will review the synovial and bursal anatomy of the knee as well as the imaging characteristics of general synovial abnormalities and their diagnostic implications. In addition, it will review specific synovial processes and their characteristic MR imaging findings. C1 [Chung, Christine B.; Resnick, Donald] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Radiol, La Jolla, CA 92161 USA. [Chung, Christine B.; Resnick, Donald] VA Healthcare Syst, La Jolla, CA USA. [Boucher, Ronald] USN, Dept Radiol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Chung, CB (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Radiol, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr, La Jolla, CA 92161 USA. EM cbchung@ucsd.edu NR 115 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC PI NEW YORK PA 333 SEVENTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA SN 1089-7860 J9 SEMIN MUSCULOSKEL R JI Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 13 IS 4 BP 303 EP 325 DI 10.1055/s-0029-1242186 PG 23 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 522YL UT WOS:000272036100002 PM 19890800 ER PT J AU Mastro, MA Imhoff, EA Freitas, JA Hite, JK Eddy, CR AF Mastro, Michael A. Imhoff, Eugene A. Freitas, Jaime A. Hite, Jennifer K. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. TI Towards a polariton-based light emitter based on non-polar GaN quantum wells SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Quantum wells; Semiconductors; Epitaxy; Optical properties AB A polariton-based light emitter is a extraordinary concept as an alternative to a light-emitting diode (LED) or laser diode. The physics of a polariton laser is fundamentally different from the spontaneous emission process of an LED or the inversion and stimulated emission process of a laser diode. The rapid decay and emission from this polariton-exciton state bypasses the normal irreversible spontaneous emission and associated non-radiative decay mechanisms. An AlGaN/AlN nucleation bilayer was employed on r-plane sapphire to deposit non-polar GaN quantum wells embedded in an AlGaN-based cavity surrounded by top and bottom distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs). The reflectance data show that the exciton and photon states can be tuned (by changing the angle of the sample) to the same energy. The characteristic strong coupling was observed in the reflectance data where the states of the exciton and photon do not overlap: rather they split into an upper polariton state and a lower polariton state. The photoluminescence (PL) showed a strong emission at a low stimulation level at a similar energy and angle. Published by Elsevier Ltd C1 [Mastro, Michael A.; Imhoff, Eugene A.; Freitas, Jaime A.; Hite, Jennifer K.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mastro, MA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.mastro@nrl.navy.mil RI Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 149 IS 45-46 BP 2039 EP 2042 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2009.08.025 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 516NK UT WOS:000271549000013 ER PT J AU Ko, DS Chao, SY Huang, P Lin, SF AF Ko, Dong Shan Chao, Shenn-Yu Huang, Phillip Lin, Sheng Fong TI Anomalous Upwelling in Nan Wan: July 2008 SO TERRESTRIAL ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Nan Wan upwelling; Tide-induced upwelling; Cold-water intrusion; Typhoon-Ocean interaction ID SOUTH CHINA SEA; DATA ASSIMILATION; LUZON STRAIT; OCEAN; CIRCULATION; EDDIES; SYSTEM AB Tidally induced, sudden temperature drops in Nan Wan, particularly pronounced during the spring tide, often bear ecological consequences. We use an Ocean Nowcast/Forecast System (ONFS) at the US Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) to examine a Widely publicized cold-water intrusion event in July 2008, and compare it with what we perceived as a normal intrusion event ill June 2007. For a normal cold-water intrusion, cold anomalies eventually propagate away in forms similar to internal Kelvin waves. For early July Of 2008, the NRL ONFS suggested all anomalous, subtidal and essentially eastward current near Nan Wan. The subtidal Current, Superimposed on the ebb Current, blocks the propagation of cold anomalies ill the direction of internal Kelvin waves, inducing anomalous and inefficient cold-water dispersal. The NRL ONFS also Suggested the anomalous subtidal current as a post-typhoon response to the passage of Typhoon Fengshen. C1 [Ko, Dong Shan] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Chao, Shenn-Yu] Univ Maryland, Horn Point Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA. [Huang, Phillip] Seawatch Co, Taipei 10366, Taiwan. [Lin, Sheng Fong] Univ New Orleans, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Ko, DS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM ko@nrlssc.navy.mil FU US Office of Naval Research [N00014-08WX-2-0930, N00014-08WX-2-1170, N00014-05-1-0279] FX DSK is supported by the US Office of Naval Research, code 322 PO under contracts N00014-08WX-2-0930 and N00014-08WX-2-1170. SYC is supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research, code 322 PO under contract N00014-05-1-0279. Taipower Company sponsored the continuous measurement of bottom water temperature and sea level in Nan Wan. This is a NRL contribution JA/7320-08-8258 and an UMCES contribution 4235. NR 21 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU CHINESE GEOSCIENCE UNION PI TAIPEI PA PO BOX 23-59, TAIPEI 10764, TAIWAN SN 1017-0839 J9 TERR ATMOS OCEAN SCI JI Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 20 IS 6 BP 839 EP 852 DI 10.3319/TAO.2008.11.25.01(Oc) PG 14 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA 542NY UT WOS:000273502600008 ER PT J AU Stoops, AC Barbara, KA Indrawan, M Ibrahim, IN Petrus, WB Wijaya, S Farzeli, A Antonjaya, U Sin, LW Hidayatullah, N Kristanto, I Tampubolon, AM Purnama, S Supriatna, A Burgess, TH Williams, M Putnam, SD Tobias, S Blair, PJ AF Stoops, Arthur C. Barbara, Katie A. Indrawan, Mochamad Ibrahim, Ima N. Petrus, Wicaksana B. Wijaya, Susan Farzeli, Arik Antonjaya, Ungke Sin, Lim W. Hidayatullah, N. Kristanto, Ige Tampubolon, A. M. Purnama, S. Supriatna, Adam Burgess, Timothy H. Williams, Maya Putnam, Shannon D. Tobias, Steve Blair, Patrick J. TI H5N1 Surveillance in Migratory Birds in Java, Indonesia SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Field studies; Influenza; Zoonosis ID PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA; VIRUS-INFECTION; WILD BIRDS; NORTH-AMERICA; HONG-KONG; A VIRUS; HEMAGGLUTININ; EVOLUTION; ASIA; REEMERGENCE AB We sought to elucidate the role of migratory birds in transmission of H5N1 in an enzoonotic area. Resident, captive, and migratory birds were sampled at five sites in Java, Indonesia. Mist nets were used to trap birds. Birds were identified to species. RNA was extracted from swabs and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) conducted for the HA and M genes of H5N1. Antibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and hemagglutination inhibition test. Between October 2006 and September 2007, a total of 4,067 captive, resident, and migratory birds comprising 98 species in 23 genera were sampled. The most commonly collected birds were the common sandpiper (6% of total), striated heron (3%), and the domestic chicken (14%). The overall prevalence of H5N1 antibodies was 5.3%. A significantly higher percentage of captive birds (16.1%) showed antibody evidence of H5N1 exposure when compared to migratory or resident birds. The greatest number of seropositive birds in each category were Muschovy duck (captive), striated heron (resident), and the Pacific golden plover (migratory). Seven apparently well captive birds yielded molecular evidence of H5N1 infection. Following amplification, the HA, NA, and M genes were analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis of the HA gene showed that the isolates were 97% similar to EU124153.1 A/chicken/West Java/Garut May 2006, an isolate obtained in a similar region of West Java. While no known markers of neuraminidase inhibitor resistance were found within the NA gene, M segment analysis revealed the V27A mutation known to confer resistance to adamantanes. Our results demonstrate moderate serologic evidence of H5N1 infection in captive birds, sampled in five sites in Java, Indonesia, but only occasional infection in resident and migratory birds. These data imply that in an enzoonotic region of Indonesia the role of migratory birds in transmission of H5N1 is limited. C1 [Stoops, Arthur C.; Barbara, Katie A.; Petrus, Wicaksana B.; Wijaya, Susan; Farzeli, Arik; Antonjaya, Ungke; Burgess, Timothy H.; Williams, Maya; Putnam, Shannon D.; Tobias, Steve; Blair, Patrick J.] Naval Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Indrawan, Mochamad] PILI Pusat Informasi Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia, IdOU Indonesian Ornithol Union, Jawa Barat 16155, Indonesia. [Sin, Lim W.; Hidayatullah, N.; Kristanto, Ige; Tampubolon, A. M.; Purnama, S.; Supriatna, Adam] Yayasan Kutilang Indonesia, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. [Ibrahim, Ima N.] Natl Inst Hlth Res & Dev, Ecol & Hlth Status Res & Dev Ctr, Jakarta, Indonesia. RP Blair, PJ (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM Patrick.blair@med.navy.mil FU U.S. Department of Defenses' Global Emerging Infection Systems (DoD-GEIS); United States Agency for International Development (USAID); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The authors are grateful for the assistance of the field staff at the Indonesian Ornithologists' Union, Yayasan Kutilang Indonesia, PILI- NGO Movement and the Animal Rescue Centers' Network. We thank the laboratory staff at the National Institute of Health Research and Development and the Naval Medical Research Unit # 2 for processing and analyzing samples and Christian Hansen for statistical analysis. This work was supported by grants from the U.S. Department of Defenses' Global Emerging Infection Systems (DoD-GEIS), the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not represent official policy of the U.S. Department of Defense or Department of the Navy. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 9 IS 6 BP 695 EP 702 DI 10.1089/vbz.2008.0183 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 530GE UT WOS:000272576300018 PM 19271996 ER PT J AU DeMaria, M Knaff, JA Knabb, R Lauer, C Sampson, CR DeMaria, RT AF DeMaria, Mark Knaff, John A. Knabb, Richard Lauer, Chris Sampson, Charles R. DeMaria, Robert T. TI A New Method for Estimating Tropical Cyclone Wind Speed Probabilities SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article ID PREDICTION; SYSTEM AB The National Hurricane Center (NHC) Hurricane Probability Program (HPP) was implemented in 1983 to estimate the probability that the center of a tropical cyclone would pass within 60 n mi of a set of specified points out to 72 h. Other than periodic updates of the probability distributions, the HPP remained unchanged through 2005. Beginning in 2006, the HPP products were replaced by those from a new program that estimates probabilities of winds of at least 34, 50, and 64 kt, and incorporates uncertainties in the track, intensity, and wind structure forecasts. This paper describes the new probability model and a verification of the operational forecasts from the 2006-07 seasons. The new probabilities extend to 120 h for all tropical cyclones in the Atlantic and eastern, central, and western North Pacific to 100 degrees E. Because of the interdependence of the track, intensity, and structure forecasts, a Monte Carlo method is used to generate 1000 realizations by randomly sampling from the operational forecast center track and intensity forecast error distributions from the past 5 yr. The extents of the 34-, 50-, and 64-kt winds for the realizations are obtained from a simple wind radii model and its underlying error distributions. Verification results show that the new probability model is relatively unbiased and skillful as measured by the Brier skill score, where the skill baseline is the deterministic forecast from the operational centers converted to a binary probabilistic forecast. The model probabilities are also well calibrated and have high confidence based on reliability diagrams. C1 [DeMaria, Mark] Colorado State Univ, NESDIS, NOAA, CIRA,StAR, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Knabb, Richard] NOAA, NWS, Cent Pacific Hurricane Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. [Lauer, Chris] NOAA, NCEP, Natl Hurricane Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. [Sampson, Charles R.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. RP DeMaria, RT (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, NESDIS, NOAA, CIRA,StAR, 1375 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM mark.demaria@noaa.gov RI Knaff, John /F-5599-2010; Sampson, Charles/F-5684-2010; DeMaria, Mark/F-5583-2010 OI Knaff, John /0000-0003-0427-1409; FU NOAA Joint Hurricane Testbed; Insurance Friends of the National Hurricane Center; Office of Naval Research FX This research was partially supported by the NOAA Joint Hurricane Testbed and the Insurance Friends of the National Hurricane Center. C. Sampson was also partially supported by the Office of Naval Research. The authors thank Ed Rappaport, Max Mayfield, Jim Gross, Chris Landsea, Chris Sisko, James Franklin, Alison Krautkramer, and Christopher Juckins for their support of and valuable input to this research. Two anonymous reviews also provided valuable suggestions. The views, opinions, and findings in this report are those of the authors and should not be construed as an official NOAA or U. S. government position, policy, or decision. NR 18 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0882-8156 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 24 IS 6 BP 1573 EP 1591 DI 10.1175/2009WAF2222286.1 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 534CE UT WOS:000272872300009 ER PT J AU Ear, S Caceres, SB AF Ear, S. Caceres, S. Burgos TI Livelihoods and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Cambodia SO WORLDS POULTRY SCIENCE JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE livelihoods; poultry; Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza; HPAI; Cambodia ID RURAL CAMBODIA; POULTRY; HUMANS AB Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) Type A subtype H5N1 is a viral zoonotic disease that has infected and killed birds and humans since late 2003. Cambodia's experience with HPAI since the disease was discovered on a farm outside Phnom Penh in January 2004 reveals important aspects of how a developing country, with limited resources and capabilities, has responded to a crisis that has global public health implications and, vice-versa, how this global response in turn affected Cambodia. Qualitative research methodologies consisting of mostly one-on-one semi-structured interviews by Sophal Ear across various government offices, the private sector and the non-govern mental sectors, and online surveys sent to individuals deeply involved in HPAI work in Cambodia can render interesting insights related to livelihood issues. Results from these methodologies suggest there is a non-alignment of interests among the government, donors, implementing agencies and rural smallholder farmers that have important implications for effectiveness of disease mitigation measures and livelihood impacts. C1 [Ear, S.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Caceres, S. Burgos] Food & Agr Org United Nations, Anim Prod & Hlth Div, Livestock Informat Sector Anal & Policy Branch, PPLPI,AGAL, Rome, Italy. RP Ear, S (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Glasgow 364,1411 Cunningham Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM sear@nps.edu NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0043-9339 J9 WORLD POULTRY SCI J JI Worlds Poult. Sci. J. PD DEC PY 2009 VL 65 IS 4 BP 633 EP 639 DI 10.1017/S0043933909000440 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 539WF UT WOS:000273289200006 ER PT J AU Alldredge, LMB Chang, W Kirchoefer, SW Pond, JM AF Alldredge, L. M. B. Chang, Wontae Kirchoefer, Steven W. Pond, Jeffrey M. TI Microwave dielectric properties of BaTiO3 and Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 thin films on (001) MgO SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE barium compounds; compressive strength; dielectric losses; dielectric polarisation; ferroelectric thin films; microwave materials; permittivity; piezoelectricity; strontium compounds ID DEPENDENCE AB The microwave properties of BaTiO3 and Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 films were characterized as a function of in-plane film strain, crystallographic direction, film distortion, and dc bias. The strain dependence of BaTiO3 and Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 films showed an opposite pattern at room temperature, going from compression to tension, or vice versa. At zero bias, the dielectric constant and dielectric loss showed little dependence on direction ([100] and [110]). However, the tunability was consistently smaller along the [110] direction than along [100]. These observations agreed well with our previous work on how polarizations (both ionic and spontaneous) form and contribute to the nonlinear dielectric behavior. C1 [Alldredge, L. M. B.; Chang, Wontae; Kirchoefer, Steven W.; Pond, Jeffrey M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Alldredge, LMB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM wontae.chang@nrl.navy.mil FU National Research Council Research Associateship Award FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The research was performed while one of the authors (L. M. B. A.) held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award. NR 19 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 30 PY 2009 VL 95 IS 22 AR 222902 DI 10.1063/1.3264051 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 530XZ UT WOS:000272627600056 ER PT J AU Knipling, KE Daniil, M Willard, MA AF Knipling, Keith E. Daniil, Maria Willard, Matthew A. TI Fe-based nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloys for high-temperature applications SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE boron alloys; cobalt alloys; coercive force; copper alloys; Curie temperature; iron alloys; nanostructured materials; nickel alloys; soft magnetic materials; zirconium alloys AB We report on improved high-temperature soft magnetic properties in Fe(88-2x)Co(x)Ni(x)Zr(7)B(4)Cu(1) nanocrystalline alloys. Substituting 5.5 at. % Co and Ni for Fe enhances the magnetization by 5% at ambient temperature and by 30% at 650 degrees C. The Curie temperature of the residual amorphous phase is also raised significantly (from 67 degrees C for x=0 to 298 degrees C for x=5.5), resulting in low coercivities (< 30 A m(-1)) for Fe(77)Co(5.5)Ni(5.5)Zr(7)B(4)Cu(1) over the temperature range 50-500 degrees C. The higher magnetization and Curie temperature as compared with other Fe-based alloys, and smaller Co content as compared with (Fe,Co)-based alloys, make this alloy attractive as an affordable high-temperature soft magnetic material. C1 [Knipling, Keith E.; Daniil, Maria; Willard, Matthew A.] USN, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Knipling, KE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM knipling@anvil.nrl.navy.mil RI Willard, Matthew/A-8492-2009 OI Willard, Matthew/0000-0001-5052-8012 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-09-WX-2-0658] FX This research is supported by the Office of Naval Research under contract N00014-09-WX-2-0658 NR 17 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 6 U2 30 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 30 PY 2009 VL 95 IS 22 AR 222516 DI 10.1063/1.3268471 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 530XZ UT WOS:000272627600054 ER PT J AU Mohammad, SN AF Mohammad, S. Noor TI Substrate-mediated diffusion-induced growth of single-crystal nanowires SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE adsorption; catalysis; crystal growth from vapour; desorption; diffusion; nanowires; surface scattering ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; LIQUID-SOLID MECHANISM; SILICON NANOWIRES; INAS NANOWIRES; CATALYST-FREE; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; ASSISTED GROWTH; GAAS NANOWIRES; GAN NANOWIRES; MOVPE AB Theoretical investigations of the growth and growth rates of single-crystal nanowires (NWs) by vapor phase mechanisms have been carried out. Substrate-induced processes are assumed to dominate this growth. The modeling for growth takes adsorption, desorption, surface scattering, and diffusion into account. It takes into consideration also the retarding electric field arising from the scattering of the NW vapor species by both the substrate and the NW sidewalls. Growth characteristics under the influence of the retarding electric field have been studied. Competitive roles of adatom diffusivity and the electric field in the NW growth are elucidated. Influence of the growing NW length and the adatom impingement rate on the NW growth rate has been described. The effect of adatom collection area around each NW has been examined. The NW tapering and kinking have been explained. The fundamentals of the substrate induction and details of the growth parameters have been analyzed. The influence of foreign element catalytic agents in the vapor-liquid-solid mechanism has been presented. All these have led to the understanding and resolution of problems, controversies, and contradictions involving substrate-induced NW growths. C1 [Mohammad, S. Noor] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mohammad, S. Noor] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mohammad, SN (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM snmohammad2002@yahoo.com FU DRTA through U.S. Army Research Office FX The author wishes to thank Arif Khan, Albert Davydov, and Chip (Charles) Eddy for discussions. The research was supported by DRTA through U.S. Army Research Office, and monitored by Dr. Stephen NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD NOV 28 PY 2009 VL 131 IS 20 AR 204703 DI 10.1063/1.3254382 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 534KG UT WOS:000272894500032 PM 19947700 ER PT J AU Xiao, B Liu, HR Avrutin, V Leach, JH Rowe, E Liu, HY Ozgur, U Morkoc, H Chang, W Alldredge, LMB Kirchoefer, SW Pond, JM AF Xiao, Bo Liu, Hongrui Avrutin, Vitaliy Leach, Jacob H. Rowe, Emmanuel Liu, Huiyong Ozgur, Umit Morkoc, Hadis Chang, W. Alldredge, L. M. B. Kirchoefer, S. W. Pond, J. M. TI Epitaxial growth of (001)-oriented Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 thin films on a-plane sapphire with an MgO/ZnO bridge layer SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE barium compounds; epitaxial growth; magnesium compounds; molecular beam epitaxial growth; reflection high energy electron diffraction; sputter deposition; strontium compounds; thin films; X-ray diffraction; zinc compounds ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY AB High quality (001)-oriented Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 (BST) thin films have been grown on a-plane sapphire (1120) by rf magnetron sputtering using a double bridge layer consisting of (0001)-oriented ZnO (50 nm) and (001)-oriented MgO (10 nm) prepared by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. X-ray diffraction revealed the formation of three sets of in-plane BST domains, offset from one another by 30 degrees, which is consistent with the in-plane symmetry of the MgO layer observed by in situ reflective high electron energy diffraction. The in-plane epitaxial relationship of BST, MgO, and ZnO has been determined to be BST [110]//MgO [110]//ZnO [1120] and BST [110]/MgO [110]//ZnO [1100]. Capacitance-voltage measurements performed on BST coplanar interdigitated capacitor structures revealed a high dielectric tunability of up to 84% at 1 MHz. C1 [Xiao, Bo; Liu, Hongrui; Avrutin, Vitaliy; Leach, Jacob H.; Rowe, Emmanuel; Liu, Huiyong; Ozgur, Umit; Morkoc, Hadis] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Chang, W.; Alldredge, L. M. B.; Kirchoefer, S. W.; Pond, J. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Xiao, B (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Med Coll Virginia Campus, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM xiaob@vcu.edu RI Liu, Huiyong/C-7715-2012 FU Office of Naval Research FX This work is funded by the Office of Naval Research under the directions of Dr. I. Mack and Dr. D. Green. NR 16 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 23 PY 2009 VL 95 IS 21 AR 212901 DI 10.1063/1.3266862 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 534KL UT WOS:000272895100028 ER PT J AU Landi, E Young, PR AF Landi, E. Young, P. R. TI CHIANTI-AN ATOMIC DATABASE FOR EMISSION LINES. X. SPECTRAL ATLAS OF A COLD FEATURE OBSERVED WITH HINODE/EUV IMAGING SPECTROMETER SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic data; line: identification; Sun: corona; Sun: transition region; Sun: UV radiation ID EXPERIMENTAL LEVEL VALUES; FINE-STRUCTURE LINES; ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCES; SOLAR CORONA; FE-IX; CONFIGURATIONS; DIAGNOSTICS; PLASMA; REGION; N=2 AB In this work, we report on a cold, bright portion of an active region observed by the Hinode/EUV Imaging Spectrometer. The emitting plasma was very bright at transition region temperatures, and the intensities of lines of ions formed between 10(5) and 10(6) K were enhanced over normal values. The data set constitutes an excellent laboratory where the emission of transition region ions can be tested. We first determine the thermal structure of the observed plasma, and then we use it (1) to develop a spectral atlas, and (2) to assess the quality of CHIANTI atomic data by comparing predicted emissivities with observed intensities. We identify several lines never observed before in solar spectra, and find an overall very good agreement between CHIANTI-predicted emissivities and observations. C1 [Landi, E.; Young, P. R.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Young, P. R.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Landi, E (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Landi, Enrico/H-4493-2011 FU NASA; [NNG06EA14I]; [NNH06CD24C] FX The work of E. L. is supported by the NNG06EA14I, NNH06CD24C and other NASA grants. NR 42 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2009 VL 706 IS 1 BP 1 EP 20 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/1 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 516JS UT WOS:000271538900001 ER PT J AU Aschwanden, MJ Nitta, NV Wuelser, JP Lemen, JR Sandman, A Vourlidas, A Colaninno, RC AF Aschwanden, Markus J. Nitta, Nariaki V. Wuelser, Jean-Pierre Lemen, James R. Sandman, Anne Vourlidas, Angelos Colaninno, Robin C. TI FIRST MEASUREMENTS OF THE MASS OF CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS FROM THE EUV DIMMING OBSERVED WITH STEREO EUVI A plus B SPACECRAFT SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: UV radiation ID SOLAR; DISTURBANCES; TRANSIENTS; ENERGETICS; INFLOWS AB The masses of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) have traditionally been determined from white-light coronagraphs (based on Thomson scattering of electrons), as well as from extreme ultraviolet (EUV) dimming observed with one spacecraft. Here we develop an improved method of measuring CME masses based on EUV dimming observed with the dual STEREO/EUVI spacecraft in multiple temperature filters that includes three-dimensional volume and density modeling in the dimming region and background corona. As a test, we investigate eight CME events with previous mass determinations from STEREO/COR2, of which six cases are reliably detected with the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUVI) using our automated multi-wavelength detection code. We find CME masses in the range of m(CME) = (2-7) x 10(15) g. The agreement between the two EUVI/A and B spacecraft is m(A)/m(B) = 1.3 +/- 0.6 and the consistency with white-light measurements by COR2 is m(EUVI)/m(COR2) = 1.1 +/- 0.3. The consistency between EUVI and COR2 implies no significant mass backflows (or inflows) at r < 4 R(circle dot) and adequate temperature coverage for the bulk of the CME mass in the range of T approximate to 0.5-3.0 MK. The temporal evolution of the EUV dimming allows us to also model the evolution of the CME density n(e) (t), volume V (t), height-time h(t), and propagation speed v(t) in terms of an adiabatically expanding self-similar geometry. We determine e-folding EUV dimming times of t(D) = 1.3 +/- 1.4 hr. We test the adiabatic expansion model in terms of the predicted detection delay (Delta t approximate to 0.7 hr) between EUVI and COR2 for the fastest CME event (2008 March 25) and find good agreement with the observed delay (Delta t approximate to 0.8 hr). C1 [Aschwanden, Markus J.; Nitta, Nariaki V.; Wuelser, Jean-Pierre; Lemen, James R.; Sandman, Anne] Org ADBS, Solar & Astrophys Lab, Lockheed Martin Adv Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Vourlidas, Angelos] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Colaninno, Robin C.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Aschwanden, MJ (reprint author), Org ADBS, Solar & Astrophys Lab, Lockheed Martin Adv Technol Ctr, Bldg 252,3251 Hanover St, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. EM aschwanden@lmsal.com; vourlidas@nrl.navy.mil; robin.colannino@nrl.navy.mil RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009 OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948 FU NASA [N00173-02-C-2035]; UK institutions by the Science & Technology Facility Council; German institutions by Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V.; Belgian Science Policy Office; French institutions by Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); USAF Space Test Program; Office of Naval Research FX We thank the anonymous referee for very constructive comments that helped to improve the manuscript. This work is supported by the NASA STEREO under NRL contract N00173-02-C-2035. The STEREO/SECCHI data used here are produced by an international consortium of the Naval Research Laboratory (USA), Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Lab (USA), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK), University of Birmingham (UK), Max-Planck-Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung (Germany), Centre Spatiale de Lige (Belgium), Institut d'Optique Theorique et Applique (France), and Institute d'Astrophysique Spatiale (France). The USA institutions were funded by NASA; the UK institutions by the Science & Technology Facility Council; the German institutions by Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR); the Belgian institutions by Belgian Science Policy Office; the French institutions by Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS). The NRL effort was also supported by the USAF Space Test Program and the Office of Naval Research. NR 39 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2009 VL 706 IS 1 BP 376 EP 392 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/376 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 516JS UT WOS:000271538900028 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Asano, K Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Baring, MG Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Bhat, PN Bissaldi, E Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Bregeon, J Brez, A Briggs, MS Brigida, M Bruel, P Burgess, JM Burrows, DN Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Celik, O Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Connaughton, V Conrad, J Cutini, S d'Elia, V Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Dingus, BL Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Finke, J Fishman, G Focke, WB Fortin, P Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gehrels, N Germani, S Giavitto, G Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Goldstein, A Granot, J Greiner, J Grenier, IA Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Horan, D Hughes, RE Jackson, MS Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Kippen, RM Knodlseder, J Kocevski, D Komin, N Kouveliotou, C Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Makeev, A Mazziotta, MN McBreen, S McEnery, JE McGlynn, S Meegan, C Meszaros, P Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Moretti, E Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nakamori, T Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paciesas, WS Paneque, D Panetta, JH Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Petrosian, V Piron, F Porter, TA Preece, R Raino, S Rando, R Rau, A Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Roming, PWA Roth, M Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Schalk, TL Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, PD Spinelli, P Stamatikos, M Stecker, FW Stratta, G Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Swenson, CA Tajima, H Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Uehara, T Usher, TL van der Horst, AJ Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V von Kienlin, A Waite, AP Wang, P Wilson-Hodge, C Winer, BL Wood, KS Yamazaki, R Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Asano, K. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bhat, P. N. Bissaldi, E. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Briggs, M. S. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burgess, J. M. Burrows, D. N. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Connaughton, V. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. d'Elia, V. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. Dingus, B. L. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Finke, J. Fishman, G. Focke, W. B. Fortin, P. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giavitto, G. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Goldstein, A. Granot, J. Greiner, J. Grenier, I. A. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Horan, D. Hughes, R. E. Jackson, M. S. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Kippen, R. M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocevski, D. Komin, N. Kouveliotou, C. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. N. McBreen, S. McEnery, J. E. McGlynn, S. Meegan, C. Meszaros, P. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paciesas, W. S. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Petrosian, V. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Preece, R. Raino, S. Rando, R. Rau, A. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Roming, P. W. A. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Schalk, T. L. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, P. D. Spinelli, P. Stamatikos, M. Stecker, F. W. Stratta, G. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Swenson, C. A. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Uehara, T. Usher, T. L. van der Horst, A. J. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. von Kienlin, A. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Wilson-Hodge, C. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Yamazaki, R. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI FERMI OBSERVATIONS OF GRB 090902B: A DISTINCT SPECTRAL COMPONENT IN THE PROMPT AND DELAYED EMISSION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: bursts ID GAMMA-RAY BURST; HIGH-ENERGY; BATSE OBSERVATIONS; REDSHIFT; BEHAVIOR; PHOTONS; 080514B; MISSION; 080916C; ESCAPE AB We report on the observation of the bright, long gamma-ray burst (GRB), GRB 090902B, by the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) and Large Area Telescope (LAT) instruments on-board the Fermi observatory. This was one of the brightest GRBs to have been observed by the LAT, which detected several hundred photons during the prompt phase. With a redshift of z = 1.822, this burst is among the most luminous detected by Fermi. Time-resolved spectral analysis reveals a significant power-law component in the LAT data that is distinct from the usual Band model emission that is seen in the sub-MeV energy range. This power-law component appears to extrapolate from the GeV range to the lowest energies and is more intense than the Band component, both below similar to 50 keV and above 100 MeV. The Band component undergoes substantial spectral evolution over the entire course of the burst, while the photon index of the power-law component remains constant for most of the prompt phase, then hardens significantly toward the end. After the prompt phase, power-law emission persists in the LAT data as late as 1 ks post-trigger, with its flux declining as t(-1.5). The LAT detected a photon with the highest energy so far measured from a GRB, 33.4(-3.5)(+ 2.7) GeV. This event arrived 82 s after the GBM trigger and similar to 50 s after the prompt phase emission had ended in the GBM band. We discuss the implications of these results for models of GRB emission and for constraints on models of the extragalactic background light. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Cheung, C. C.; Dermer, C. D.; Finke, J.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Razzaque, S.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.; Cheung, C. C.; Finke, J.; Razzaque, S.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocevski, D.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Petrosian, V.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocevski, D.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Petrosian, V.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Asano, K.; Kataoka, J.; Kawai, N.; Nakamori, T.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Asano, K.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Interact Res Ctr Sci, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; Jackson, M. S.; McGlynn, S.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. 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[Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.; Giebels, B.; Horan, D.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burrows, D. N.; Gehrels, N.; Meszaros, P.; Roming, P. W. A.; Swenson, C. A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Celik, Oe.; Cheung, C. C.; Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Stamatikos, M.; Stecker, F. W.; Thompson, D. J.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe.; Moiseev, A. A.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Komin, N.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Conrad, J.; Jackson, M. S.; Meurer, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Cutini, S.; d'Elia, V.; Stratta, G.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Grp Coll Udine, Sez Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dingus, B. L.; Kippen, R. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Dumora, D.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Reposeur, T.] Univ Bordeaux, CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Reposeur, T.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Fishman, G.; Kouveliotou, C.; van der Horst, A. J.; Wilson-Hodge, C.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.; Uehara, T.; Yamazaki, R.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Granot, J.] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Guillemot, L.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Hughes, R. E.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Stamatikos, M.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Jackson, M. S.; McGlynn, S.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Cosm Radiat Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Kerr, M.; Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] CNRS UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [McBreen, S.] Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Meegan, C.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Ohno, M.; Uchiyama, Y.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Komin, Nukri/J-6781-2015; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Stratta, Maria Giuliana/L-3045-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Stecker, Floyd/D-3169-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; OI Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Dingus, Brenda/0000-0001-8451-7450; D'Elia, Valerio/0000-0002-7320-5862; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Komin, Nukri/0000-0003-3280-0582; Preece, Robert/0000-0003-1626-7335; Burgess, James/0000-0003-3345-9515; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Stratta, Maria Giuliana/0000-0003-1055-7980; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785; Moretti, Elena/0000-0001-5477-9097; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726 FU NASA and DOE in the United States; CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS in France; ASI and INFN in Italy; MEXT, KEK, and JAXA in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council and the National Space Board in Sweden; INAF in Italy; CNES in France FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges support from a number of agencies and institutes for both development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include NASA and DOE in the United States, CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS in France, ASI and INFN in Italy, MEXT, KEK, and JAXA in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support from INAF in Italy and CNES in France for science analysis during the operations phase is also gratefully acknowledged. NR 49 TC 249 Z9 252 U1 1 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD NOV 20 PY 2009 VL 706 IS 1 BP L138 EP L144 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/L138 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 516HP UT WOS:000271533200029 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Celik, O Chaty, S Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Conrad, J Corbel, S Corbet, R Cutini, S Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dubus, G Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Focke, WB Fortin, P Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Hill, AB Horan, D Hughes, RE Jackson, MS Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kocian, ML Kuehn, F Kuss, M Lande, J Larsson, S Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Makeev, A Marelli, M Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Ray, PS Razzano, M Rea, N Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Romani, RW Roth, M Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Sgro, C Sierpowska-Bartosik, A Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Tanaka, Y Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vasileiou, V Venter, C Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wallace, E Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe Chaty, S. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Conrad, J. Corbel, S. Corbet, R. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. do Couto E Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dubus, G. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Focke, W. B. Fortin, P. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hill, A. B. Horan, D. Hughes, R. E. Jackson, M. S. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocian, M. L. Kuehn, F. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Marelli, M. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Ray, P. S. Razzano, M. Rea, N. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Romani, R. W. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Sgro, C. Sierpowska-Bartosik, A. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Tanaka, Y. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vasileiou, V. Venter, C. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wallace, E. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI FERMI/LAT OBSERVATIONS OF LS 5039 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE binaries: close; gamma rays: observations; stars: variables: other; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: individual (LS 5039) ID GAMMA-RAY BINARIES; X-RAY; ORBITAL MODULATION; PULSAR WIND; LS-5039; EMISSION; VARIABILITY; ABSORPTION; LAT; J1826.2-1450 AB The first results from observations of the high-mass X-ray binary LS 5039 using the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope data between 2008 August and 2009 June are presented. Our results indicate variability that is consistent with the binary period, with the emission being modulated with a period of 3.903 +/- 0.005 days; the first detection of this modulation at GeV energies. The light curve is characterized by a broad peak around superior conjunction in agreement with inverse Compton scattering models. The spectrum is represented by a power law with an exponential cutoff, yielding an overall flux ( 100 MeV-300 GeV) of 4.9 +/- 0.5(stat) +/- 1.8(syst) x 10(-7) photon cm(-2) s(-1), with a cutoff at 2.1 +/- 0.3(stat) +/- 1.1(syst) GeV and photon index G = 1.9 +/- 0.1(stat) +/- 0.3(syst). The spectrum is observed to vary with orbital phase, specifically between inferior and superior conjunction. We suggest that the presence of a cutoff in the spectrum may be indicative of magnetospheric emission similar to the emission seen in many pulsars by Fermi. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Ray, P. S.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto E Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto E Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Porter, T. A.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Porter, T. A.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Chaty, S.; Corbel, S.; Grenier, I. A.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CEA IRFU, CNRS,Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Kuehn, F.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astro Particle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.; Giebels, B.; Horan, D.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.; Roth, M.; Wallace, E.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.; Marelli, M.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [Celik, Oe; Moiseev, A. A.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe; Corbet, R.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Conrad, J.; Jackson, M. S.; Larsson, S.; Meurer, C.] Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dubus, G.; Hill, A. B.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, Lab Astrophys Grenoble LAOG, UMR 5571, F-38041 Grenoble 09, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Johnson, T. J.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Kataoka, J.; Kawai, N.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Cosm Radiat Lab, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] CNRS UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ozaki, M.; Takahashi, T.; Tanaka, Y.; Uchiyama, Y.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Rea, N.; Rodriguez, A. Y.; Sierpowska-Bartosik, A.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai, IEEC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Rea, N.] Sterrenkundig Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] AlbaNova, Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Venter, C.] North West Univ, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Robin.Corbet@nasa.gov; adam.hill@obs.ujf-grenoble.fr; richard@slac.stanford.edu; ttanaka@slac.stanford.edu RI Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Venter, Christo/E-6884-2011; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Rea, Nanda/I-2853-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; OI Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Chaty, Sylvain/0000-0002-5769-8601; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Hill, Adam/0000-0003-3470-4834; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785; Venter, Christo/0000-0002-2666-4812; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278; Marelli, Martino/0000-0002-8017-0338; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Rea, Nanda/0000-0003-2177-6388; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden; Spanish CSIC and MICINN; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France FX The Fermi/LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States; the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden.; Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Spanish CSIC and MICINN, the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. NR 35 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD NOV 20 PY 2009 VL 706 IS 1 BP L56 EP L61 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/L56 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 516HP UT WOS:000271533200012 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Baring, MG Bastieri, D Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Celik, O Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Conrad, J Cutini, S Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Dormody, M Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Focke, WB Fortin, P Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giavitto, G Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Hughes, RE Jackson, MS Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Katsuta, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kocian, ML Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Makeev, A Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nakamori, T Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Rodriguez, AY Romani, RW Roth, M Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Schalk, TL Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tibolla, O Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vasileiou, V Venter, C Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Yamazaki, R Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. G. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. Dormody, M. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Focke, W. B. Fortin, P. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giavitto, G. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. E. Jackson, M. S. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Katsuta, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocian, M. L. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Romani, R. W. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Schalk, T. L. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, O. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vasileiou, V. Venter, C. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Yamazaki, R. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI FERMI LAT DISCOVERY OF EXTENDED GAMMA-RAY EMISSION IN THE DIRECTION OF SUPERNOVA REMNANT W51C SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; ISM: individual (W51C); radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID MOLECULAR CLOUD; SHOCK ACCELERATION; AREA TELESCOPE; COSMIC-RAYS; HIGH-ENERGY; SOURCE LIST; EGRET DATA; ORIGIN; RADIO; COMPLEX AB The discovery of bright gamma-ray emission coincident with supernova remnant (SNR) W51C is reported using the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. W51C is a middle-aged remnant (similar to 10(4) yr) with intense radio synchrotron emission in its shell and known to be interacting with a molecular cloud. The gamma-ray emission is spatially extended, broadly consistent with the radio and X-ray extent of SNR W51C. The energy spectrum in the 0.2-50 GeV band exhibits steepening toward high energies. The luminosity is greater than 1 x 10(36) erg s(-1) given the distance constraint of D > 5.5 kpc, which makes this object one of the most luminous gamma-ray sources in our Galaxy. The observed gamma-rays can be explained reasonably by a combination of efficient acceleration of nuclear cosmic rays at supernova shocks and shock-cloud interactions. The decay of neutral pi mesons produced in hadronic collisions provides a plausible explanation for the gamma-ray emission. The product of the average gas density and the total energy content of the accelerated protons amounts to (n) over bar W-H(p) similar or equal to 5 x 10(51) (D/6 kpc)(2) erg cm(-3). Electron density constraints from the radio and X-ray bands render it difficult to explain the LAT signal as due to inverse Compton scattering. The Fermi LAT source coincident with SNR W51C sheds new light on the origin of Galactic cosmic rays. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CEA IRFU, CNRS,Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Giavitto, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Fortin, P.; Giebels, B.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.; Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF, Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Celik, Oe; Moiseev, A. A.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Gehrels, N.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, CNRS, IN2P3, Montpellier, France. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Conrad, J.; Jackson, M. S.; Meurer, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Jackson, M. S.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00014 Rome, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dormody, M.; Porter, T. A.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Dormody, M.; Porter, T. A.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.; Yamazaki, R.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Johnson, T. J.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Jackson, M. S.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] AlbaNova, Dept Phys, Royal Inst Technol KTH, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Kataoka, J.; Kawai, N.; Nakamori, T.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Katsuta, J.; Takahashi, T.; Uchiyama, Y.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Katsuta, J.; Okumura, A.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Grad Sch Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Cosm Radiat Lab, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] CNRS UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai, IEEC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tibolla, O.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Venter, C.] North West Univ, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM funk@slac.stanford.edu; htajima@slac.stanford.edu; ttanaka@slac.stanford.edu; uchiyama@slac.stanford.edu RI Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Venter, Christo/E-6884-2011; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012 OI Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Venter, Christo/0000-0002-2666-4812; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; FU INAF in Italy; CNES in France; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges support from a number of agencies and institutes for both development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include NASA and DOE in the United States, CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS in France, ASI and INFN in Italy, MEXT, KEK, and JAXA in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support from INAF in Italy and CNES in France for science analysis during the operations phase is also gratefully acknowledged. NR 31 TC 150 Z9 150 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD NOV 20 PY 2009 VL 706 IS 1 BP L1 EP L6 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/L1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 516HP UT WOS:000271533200001 ER PT J AU Urick, VJ Devgan, PS McKinney, JD Bucholtz, F Williams, KJ AF Urick, V. J. Devgan, P. S. McKinney, J. D. Bucholtz, F. Williams, K. J. TI Channelisation of radio-frequency signals using optoelectronic oscillator SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CLOCK AB The concept of channelising radio-frequency signals with multimode optoelectronic oscillators is presented. Measured results demonstrate the principle of operation and applications of the technique are indicated. C1 [Urick, V. J.; Devgan, P. S.; McKinney, J. D.; Bucholtz, F.; Williams, K. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Urick, VJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD NOV 19 PY 2009 VL 45 IS 24 BP 1242 EP 1243 DI 10.1049/el.2009.1633 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 524TC UT WOS:000272164900030 ER PT J AU McDermitt, CS Dorsey, WM Godinez, ME Bucholtz, F Parent, MG AF McDermitt, C. S. Dorsey, W. M. Godinez, M. E. Bucholtz, F. Parent, M. G. TI Performance of 16-channel, photonic, phased-array antenna calibration system SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Experimental results from a 16-channel photonic phased-array calibration system are presented. The calibrator utilises an array of fibrepigtailed, zero-biased photodiodes as optical transducers to transmit an RF signal from an electrically-shorted dipole integrated in each unit cell of a frequency-selective surface radome. RF phase and amplitude stability, along with the overall RF transparency of the hardware, are presented. The system successfully demonstrates a solution with performance suitable for in situ real-time calibration of phased-array antennas. C1 [McDermitt, C. S.; Bucholtz, F.] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dorsey, W. M.; Parent, M. G.] USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Godinez, M. E.] Joint IED Defeat Org, TRID Detect Ground, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP McDermitt, CS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM chris.mcdermitt@nrl.navy.mil NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD NOV 19 PY 2009 VL 45 IS 24 BP 1249 EP U81 DI 10.1049/el.2009.2607 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 524TC UT WOS:000272164900034 ER PT J AU He, L Tao, GH Parrish, DA Shreeve, JM AF He, Ling Tao, Guo-Hong Parrish, Damon A. Shreeve, Jean'ne M. TI Slightly Viscous Amino Acid Ionic Liquids: Synthesis, Properties, and Calculations SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE MOLTEN-SALTS; IMIDAZOLIUM CATIONS; GLASS-TRANSITION; RECOGNITION; CHEMISTRY; CATALYSIS; DYNAMICS; AMMONIUM; SOLVENTS; DENSITY AB Slightly viscous N-alkyl-substituted glycine ester ionic liquids were prepared via alkylation of glycine ethyl esters with appropriate haloalkanes followed by anion exchange with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide. These ionic liquids have been characterized by IR, NMR, elemental analysis, thermal stability, phase behavior, viscosity, and density. Compound 9 crystallizes in the monoclinic system, P2(1)/c. The viscosities of the N,N,N-trialkyl-substituted glycine ester ionic liquids (6, 8, 10) are in the similar to 200 to 400 cP range at 25 degrees C. While exhibiting liquid characteristics analogous to the traditional heterocyclic ionic liquids, these new liquids are much less viscous than known amino acid ionic liquids. The correlation of viscosity and temperature was determined. To understand the influence of the alkyl and ester-substituted groups on viscosity, the electronic distributions and the electrostatic potential surfaces of the glycine-based cations, including glycine (Gly(+)), glycine ethyl ester (GlyET(+)), N,N-dinlethyl glycine (DMGly(+)), N,N-dimethyl glycine ethyl ester (DMGlyET(+)), N,N-dimethyl-N-propyl glycine ethyl ester (DMPGlyET(+)), N,N-dimethyl-N-3-fluoropropyl glycine ethyl ester (DMPFGlyET(+)), and N-butyl-N,N-dimethyl glycine ethyl ester (DMBGlyET(+)) cations have been investigated and analyzed. The possible effects oil the viscosity coming from the intermolecular interactions arising from Coulomb interactions, hydrogen bonding, polarizability effects, and van der Waals interactions are considered. C1 [He, Ling; Tao, Guo-Hong; Shreeve, Jean'ne M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Parrish, Damon A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shreeve, JM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM jshreeve@uidaho.edu FU DTRA [HDTRA1-07-1-0024]; NSF [CHE-0315275]; ONR [N00014-06-1-1032] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of DTRA (HDTRA1-07-1-0024), NSF (CHE-0315275), and ONR (N00014-06-1-1032). NR 56 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 5 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD NOV 19 PY 2009 VL 113 IS 46 BP 15162 EP 15169 DI 10.1021/jp905079e PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 516YY UT WOS:000271580700007 PM 19856931 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Asano, K Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Baring, MG Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Bhat, PN Bissaldi, E Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Bonnell, J Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Bregeon, J Brez, A Briggs, MS Brigida, M Bruel, P Burgess, JM Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Celik, O Chaplin, V Charles, E Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Connaughton, V Conrad, J Cutini, S Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Dingus, BL Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Finke, J Fishman, G Focke, WB Foschini, L Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Gibby, L Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Granot, J Greiner, J Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Grupe, D Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Hoversten, EA Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Kippen, RM Knodlseder, J Kocevski, D Kouveliotou, C Kuehn, F Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Makeev, A Mazziotta, MN McBreen, S McEnery, JE McGlynn, S Meszaros, P Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Moretti, E Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nakamori, T Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paciesas, WS Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Petrosian, V Piron, F Porter, TA Preece, R Raino, S Ramirez-Ruiz, E Rando, R Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Roth, M Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Schalk, TL Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Stamatikos, M Stecker, FW Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Toma, K Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Uchiyama, Y Uehara, T Usher, TL van der Horst, AJ Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V von Kienlin, A Waite, AP Wang, P Wilson-Hodge, C Winer, BL Wood, KS Wu, XF Yamazaki, R Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Asano, K. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bhat, P. N. Bissaldi, E. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Bonnell, J. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Briggs, M. S. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burgess, J. M. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe Chaplin, V. Charles, E. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Connaughton, V. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. Dingus, B. L. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Finke, J. Fishman, G. Focke, W. B. Foschini, L. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Gibby, L. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Granot, J. Greiner, J. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Grupe, D. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hoversten, E. A. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Kippen, R. M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocevski, D. Kouveliotou, C. Kuehn, F. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. N. McBreen, S. McEnery, J. E. McGlynn, S. Meszaros, P. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paciesas, W. S. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Petrosian, V. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Preece, R. Raino, S. Ramirez-Ruiz, E. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Schalk, T. L. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stamatikos, M. Stecker, F. W. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Toma, K. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Uchiyama, Y. Uehara, T. Usher, T. L. van der Horst, A. J. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. von Kienlin, A. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Wilson-Hodge, C. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Wu, X. F. Yamazaki, R. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI A limit on the variation of the speed of light arising from quantum gravity effects SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; HIGH-ENERGY; VIOLATION; EMISSION; PHOTONS; LORENTZ; TESTS; FOAM AB A cornerstone of Einstein's special relativity is Lorentz invariance-the postulate that all observers measure exactly the same speed of light in vacuum, independent of photon-energy. While special relativity assumes that there is no fundamental length-scale associated with such invariance, there is a fundamental scale (the Planck scale, l(Planck) approximate to 1.62 x 10(-33) cm or E-Planck = M(Planck)c(2) approximate to 1.22 x 10(19) GeV), at which quantum effects are expected to strongly affect the nature of space-time. There is great interest in the (not yet validated) idea that Lorentz invariance might break near the Planck scale. A key test of such violation of Lorentz invariance is a possible variation of photon speed with energy(1-7). Even a tiny variation in photon speed, when accumulated over cosmological light-travel times, may be revealed by observing sharp features in gamma-ray burst (GRB) light-curves(2). Here we report the detection of emission up to similar to 31GeV from the distant and short GRB090510. We find no evidence for the violation of Lorentz invariance, and place a lower limit of 1.2E(Planck) on the scale of a linear energy dependence (or an inverse wavelength dependence), subject to reasonable assumptions about the emission (equivalently we have an upper limit of l(Planck)/1.2 on the length scale of the effect). Our results disfavour quantum-gravity theories(3,6,7) in which the quantum nature of space-time on a very small scale linearly alters the speed of light. C1 [Granot, J.] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Abdo, A. A.; Cheung, C. C.; Dermer, C. D.; Finke, J.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Razzaque, S.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.; Cheung, C. C.; Finke, J.; Razzaque, S.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocevski, D.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Petrosian, V.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocevski, D.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Petrosian, V.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Asano, K.; Kataoka, J.; Kawai, N.; Nakamori, T.; Troja, E.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Asano, K.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Interact Res Ctr Sci, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Ritz, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Ramirez-Ruiz, E.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Univ Calif Observ, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; McGlynn, S.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; McGlynn, S.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU,CNRS, Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.; Moretti, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.; Moretti, E.] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bhat, P. N.; Briggs, M. S.; Burgess, J. M.; Chaplin, V.; Connaughton, V.; Guiriec, S.; Paciesas, W. S.; Preece, R.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Bissaldi, E.; Greiner, J.; McBreen, S.; Orlando, E.; von Kienlin, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonnell, J.; Celik, Oe; Cheung, C. C.; Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Stamatikos, M.; Stecker, F. W.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bonnell, J.; Gehrels, N.; Moiseev, A. A.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.] Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Giebels, B.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.; Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Celik, Oe; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dingus, B. L.; Kippen, R. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, UMR 5797, IN2P3, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Fishman, G.; Kouveliotou, C.; van der Horst, A. J.; Wilson-Hodge, C.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Space Sci Off, VP62, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Foschini, L.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, I-23807 Merate, Italy. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.; Uehara, T.; Yamazaki, R.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gibby, L.] Jacobs Technol, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Grupe, D.; Hoversten, E. A.; Meszaros, P.; Toma, K.; Wu, X. F.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Guillemot, L.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Hughes, R. E.; Kuehn, F.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Stamatikos, M.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Cosm Radiat Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [McBreen, S.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Ohno, M.; Ozaki, M.; Takahashi, T.; Uchiyama, Y.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Wu, X. F.] Chinese Acad Sci, Joint Ctr Particle Nucl Phys & Cosmol, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. [Wu, X. F.] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Granot, J (reprint author), Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, Coll Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. EM j.granot@herts.ac.uk; sylvain.guiriec@nasa.gov; ohno@astro.isas.jaxa.jp; pelassa@lpta.in2p3.fr RI Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Wu, Xuefeng/G-5316-2015; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Stecker, Floyd/D-3169-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Foschini, Luigi/H-3833-2012; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012 OI Moretti, Elena/0000-0001-5477-9097; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Dingus, Brenda/0000-0001-8451-7450; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Preece, Robert/0000-0003-1626-7335; Burgess, James/0000-0003-3345-9515; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Wu, Xuefeng/0000-0002-6299-1263; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Foschini, Luigi/0000-0001-8678-0324; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888 FU Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award; NASA United States; DRL Germany; Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Canon Foundation in Europe FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges support from a number of agencies and institutes for both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include NASA and DOE in the United States, CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS in France, ASI and INFN in Italy, MEXT, KEK, and JAXA in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support from INAF in Italy for science analysis during the operations phase is also acknowledged. J. Granot gratefully acknowledges a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award. The Fermi GBM Collaboration acknowledges the support of NASA in the United States and DRL in Germany. J. Conrad is a Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research Fellow, funded by a grant from the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation. E. T. is a NASA Postdoctoral Program Fellow and a Canon Foundation in Europe Fellow. A. J. v. d. H. is a NASA Postdoctoral Program Fellow. We thank J. Ellis for comments. NR 25 TC 267 Z9 272 U1 5 U2 41 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD NOV 19 PY 2009 VL 462 IS 7271 BP 331 EP 334 DI 10.1038/nature08574 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 521DF UT WOS:000271899300039 PM 19865083 ER PT J AU Lasry, A Richter, A Lutscher, F AF Lasry, Arielle Richter, Anke Lutscher, Frithjof TI Recommendations for increasing the use of HIV/AIDS resource allocation models SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT OptAIDS Workshop 2009 CY JUL 29, 2009 CL Toronto, CANADA ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED DISEASES; EFFECTIVENESS LEAGUE TABLES; HIV-PREVENTION; PUBLIC-HEALTH; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; AIDS; TRANSMISSION; PROGRAMS; AFRICA AB Background: Resource allocation models have not had a substantial impact on HIV/AIDS resource allocation decisions in spite of the important, additional insights they may provide. In this paper, we highlight six difficulties often encountered in attempts to implement such models in policy settings; these are: model complexity, data requirements, multiple stakeholders, funding issues, and political and ethical considerations. We then make recommendations as to how each of these difficulties may be overcome. Results: To ensure that models can inform the actual decision, modellers should understand the environment in which decision-makers operate, including full knowledge of the stakeholders' key issues and requirements. HIV/AIDS resource allocation model formulations should be contextualized and sensitive to societal concerns and decision-makers' realities. Modellers should provide the required education and training materials in order for decision-makers to be reasonably well versed in understanding the capabilities, power and limitations of the model. Conclusion: This paper addresses the issue of knowledge translation from the established resource allocation modelling expertise in the academic realm to that of policymaking. C1 [Lasry, Arielle] Univ Toronto, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Richter, Anke] USN, Postgrad Sch, Def Resources Management Inst, Monterey, CA USA. [Lutscher, Frithjof] Univ Ottawa, Dept Math & Stat, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Lasry, A (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Toronto, ON, Canada. EM alasry@cdc.gov; arichter@nps.edu; flutsche@uottawa.ca RI Lutscher, Frithjof/C-9484-2012; Richter, Anke/I-9050-2012 OI Lutscher, Frithjof/0000-0001-7380-7647; NR 76 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD NOV 18 PY 2009 VL 9 SU 1 AR S8 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-9-S1-S8 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 604BB UT WOS:000278251200008 PM 19922692 ER PT J AU Higgins, JC Arnold, MJ AF Higgins, James C. Arnold, Michael J. TI Headache in a Well-Appearing Young Woman SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Higgins, James C.; Arnold, Michael J.] USN Hosp, Jacksonville, FL USA. RP Higgins, JC (reprint author), USN Hosp, Jacksonville, FL USA. EM James.Higgins@med.navy.mil NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD NOV 15 PY 2009 VL 80 IS 10 BP 1143 EP 1144 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 529RI UT WOS:000272534500014 PM 19904900 ER PT J AU Leski, TA Caswell, CC Pawlowski, M Klinke, DJ Bujnicki, JM Hart, SJ Lukomski, S AF Leski, Tomasz A. Caswell, Clayton C. Pawlowski, Marcin Klinke, David J. Bujnicki, Janusz M. Hart, Sean J. Lukomski, Slawomir TI Identification and Classification of bcl Genes and Proteins of Bacillus cereus Group Organisms and Their Application in Bacillus anthracis Detection and Fingerprinting SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COLLAGEN-LIKE REGION; SPORE SURFACE; STREPTOCOCCAL SCL1; EXOSPORIUM; GLYCOPROTEIN; STRAINS; DISCRIMINATION; POLYMORPHISMS; THURINGIENSIS; SPORULATION AB The Bacillus cereus group includes three closely related species, B. anthracis, B. cereus, and B. thuringiensis, which form a highly homogeneous subdivision of the genus Bacillus. One of these species, B. anthracis, has been identified as one of the most probable bacterial biowarfare agents. Here, we evaluate the sequence and length polymorphisms of the Bacillus collagen-like protein bcl genes as a basis for B. anthracis detection and fingerprinting. Five genes, designated bclA to bclE, are present in B. anthracis strains. Examination of bclABCDE sequences identified polymorphisms in bclB alleles of the B. cereus group organisms. These sequence polymorphisms allowed specific detection of B. anthracis strains by PCR using both genomic DNA and purified Bacillus spores in reactions. By exploiting the length variation of the bcl alleles it was demonstrated that the combined bclABCDE PCR products generate markedly different fingerprints for the B. anthracis Ames and Sterne strains. Moreover, we predict that bclABCDE length polymorphism creates unique signatures for B. anthracis strains, which facilitates identification of strains with specificity and confidence. Thus, we present a new diagnostic concept for B. anthracis detection and fingerprinting, which can be used alone or in combination with previously established typing platforms. C1 [Lukomski, Slawomir] W Virginia Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Cell Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Klinke, David J.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Lukomski, Slawomir] W Virginia Univ, Mary Babb Randolph Canc Ctr, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Leski, Tomasz A.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Pawlowski, Marcin; Bujnicki, Janusz M.] Int Inst Mol & Cell Biol, Lab Bioinformat & Prot Engn, PL-02109 Warsaw, Poland. [Bujnicki, Janusz M.] Adam Mickiewicz Univ Poznan, Fac Biol, Inst Mol Biol & Biotechnol, Bioinformat Lab, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. [Hart, Sean J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6112, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lukomski, S (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Cell Biol, 2095 Hlth Sci N,Box 9177, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM slukomski@hsc.wvu.edu RI Leski, Tomasz/K-6916-2013; OI Leski, Tomasz/0000-0001-7688-9887; Klinke, David/0000-0003-3299-4938 FU NIH [5P20RR016477, AI50666, CA132124, GM081680-01] FX Chris Garton and Stephanie Boblett were supported by NIH grant 5P20RR016477 to the West Virginia IDeA Network for Biomedical Research Excellence. This work was supported in part by NIH grants AI50666 (S. L.) and CA132124 (D. J. K.), by the PhRMA Foundation (D. J. K.), and by a West Virginia University Health Science Center internal grant from the Office of Research and Graduate Education (S. L.). J. M. B. and M. P. were supported by NIH grant GM081680-01. NR 49 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD NOV 15 PY 2009 VL 75 IS 22 BP 7163 EP 7172 DI 10.1128/AEM.01069-09 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 516FG UT WOS:000271526800025 PM 19767469 ER PT J AU Cook, LP Cavicchi, RE Bassim, N Eustis, S Wong-Ng, W Levin, I Kattner, UR Campbell, CE Montgomery, CB Egelhoff, WF Vaudin, MD AF Cook, L. P. Cavicchi, R. E. Bassim, N. Eustis, S. Wong-Ng, W. Levin, I. Kattner, U. R. Campbell, C. E. Montgomery, C. B. Egelhoff, W. F. Vaudin, M. D. TI Enhanced mass transport in ultrarapidly heated Ni/Si thin-film multilayers SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION AB We investigated multilayer and bilayer Ni/Si thin films by nanodifferential scanning calorimetry (nano-DSC) at ultrarapid scan rates, in a temperature-time regime not accessible with conventional apparatus. DSC experiments were completed at slower scan rates. as well, where it was possible to conduct parallel rapid thermal annealing experiments for comparison. Postexperimental characterization was accomplished by x-ray diffraction, and by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-filtered TEM of thin cross sections prepared by focused ion beam milling. We found that rate of heating has a profound effect on the resulting microstructure, as well as on the DSC signal. After heating to 560 degrees C at 120 degrees C/s, the general microstructure of the multilayer was preserved, in spite of extensive interdiffusion of Ni and Si. By contrast, after heating to 560 degrees C at 16 000 degrees C/s, the multilayer films were completely homogeneous with no evidence of the original multilayer microstructure. For the slower scan rates, we interpret the results as indicating a solid state diffusion-nucleation-growth process. At the higher scan rates, we suggest that the temperature increased so rapidly that a metastable liquid was first formed, resulting in complete intermixing of the multilayer, followed by crystallization to form solid phases. The integrated DSC enthalpies for both multilayer and bilayer films are consistent with this interpretation, which is further supported by thermodynamic predictions of metastable Ni/Si melting and solid state Ni/Si interdiffusion. Our results suggest that use of heating rates >10 000 degrees C/s may open new avenues for intermetallic micro- and nanofabrication, at temperatures well below those prevailing during explosive silicidation. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3254225] C1 [Cook, L. P.; Cavicchi, R. E.; Bassim, N.; Eustis, S.; Wong-Ng, W.; Levin, I.; Kattner, U. R.; Campbell, C. E.; Montgomery, C. B.; Egelhoff, W. F.; Vaudin, M. D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Cook, L. P.] PhazePro Technol LLC, Hustontown, PA 17229 USA. [Bassim, N.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Eustis, S.] Directed Vapor Technol Int Inc, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. RP Cook, LP (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM rcavicchi@nist.gov RI Levin, Igor/F-8588-2010 NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 15 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 10 AR 104909 DI 10.1063/1.3254225 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 534YB UT WOS:000272932300146 ER PT J AU Mohammad, SN AF Mohammad, S. Noor TI Why droplet dimension can be larger than, equal to, or smaller than the nanowire dimension SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; OXIDE-ASSISTED GROWTH; DIAMETER-CONTROLLED SYNTHESIS; INDIUM NITRIDE NANOWIRES; LIQUID-SOLID MECHANISM; GAN NANOWIRES; SILICON NANOWIRES; INP NANOWIRES; CATALYST-FREE; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES AB Droplets play central roles in the nanowire (NW) growth by vapor phase mechanisms. These mechanisms include vapor-liquid-solid (VLS), vapor-solid-solid or vapor-solid (VSS), vapor-quasisolid-solid or vapor-quasiliquid-solid (VQS), oxide-assisted growth (OAG), and self-catalytic growth (SCG) mechanisms. Fundamentals of the shape, size, characteristics, and dynamics of droplets and the impacts of them on the NW growth, have been studied. The influence of growth techniques, growth parameters (e.g., growth temperature, partial pressure, gas flow rates, etc.), thermodynamic conditions, surface and interface energy, molar volume, chemical potentials, etc. have been considered on the shapes and sizes of droplets. A model has been presented to explain why droplets can be larger than, equal to, or smaller than the associated NWs. Various growth techniques have been analyzed to understand defects created in NWs. Photoluminescence characteristics have been presented to quantify the roles of droplets in the creation of NW defects. The study highlights the importance of the purity of the droplet material. It attests to the superiority of the SCG mechanism, and clarifies the differences between the VSS, VQS, VLS, and SCG mechanisms. It explains why droplets produced by some mechanisms are visible but droplets produced by some other mechanisms are not visible. It elucidates the formation mechanisms of very large and very small droplets, and discusses the ground rules for droplets creating necked NWs. It puts forth reasons to demonstrate that very large droplets may not behave as droplets. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3253570] C1 [Mohammad, S. Noor] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mohammad, S. Noor] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mohammad, SN (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM snmohammad2002@yahoo.com NR 93 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 15 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 10 AR 104311 DI 10.1063/1.3253570 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 534YB UT WOS:000272932300118 ER PT J AU Ewing, CP Andreishcheva, E Guerry, P AF Ewing, Cheryl P. Andreishcheva, Ekaterina Guerry, Patricia TI Functional Characterization of Flagellin Glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni 81-176 SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEIN; MOTILITY; GENE; SITE; AUTOAGGLUTINATION; LOCALIZATION; MUTAGENESIS; VIRULENCE AB The major flagellin of Campylobacter jejuni strain 81-176, FlaA, has been shown to be glycosylated at 19 serine or threonine sites, and this glycosylation is required for flagellar filament formation. Some enzymatic components of the glycosylation machinery of C. jejuni 81-176 are localized to the poles of the cell in an FlhF-independent manner. Flagellin glycosylation could be detected in flagellar mutants at multiple levels of the regulatory hierarchy, indicating that glycosylation occurs independently of the flagellar regulon. Mutants were constructed in which each of the 19 serine or threonines that are glycosylated in FlaA was converted to an alanine. Eleven of the 19 mutants displayed no observable phenotype, but the remaining 8 mutants had two distinct phenotypes. Five mutants (mutations S417A, S436A, S440A, S457A, and T481A) were fully motile but defective in autoagglutination (AAG). Three other mutants (mutations S425A, S454A, and S460A) were reduced in motility and synthesized truncated flagellar filaments. The data implicate certain glycans in mediating filament-filament interactions resulting in AAG and other glycans appear to be critical for structural subunit-subunit interactions within the filament. C1 [Ewing, Cheryl P.; Andreishcheva, Ekaterina; Guerry, Patricia] USN, Enter Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Guerry, P (reprint author), USN, Enter Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM patricia.guerry@med.navy.mil RI Guerry, Patricia/A-8024-2011 FU NIAID [RO1 AI043559]; Military Infectious Disease Research Program [6000.RAD1.DA3.A0308] FX This study was supported by RO1 AI043559 from NIAID and Work Unit 6000.RAD1.DA3.A0308 from the Military Infectious Disease Research Program. NR 42 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD NOV 15 PY 2009 VL 191 IS 22 BP 7086 EP 7093 DI 10.1128/JB.00378-09 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 511UO UT WOS:000271195300033 PM 19749047 ER PT J AU Holm, ER Kavanagh, CJ Orihuela, B Rittschof, D AF Holm, Eric R. Kavanagh, Christopher J. Orihuela, Beatriz Rittschof, Daniel TI Phenotypic variation for adhesive tenacity in the barnacle Balanus amphitrite SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Balanus amphitrite; Barnacle; Phenotypic variation; Tenacity ID FOULING-RELEASE COATINGS; SILICONE COATINGS; MARINE ORGANISMS; SURFACES; MECHANISMS; STRENGTH; CEMENT; REATTACHMENT; ATTACHMENT; DETACHMENT AB Silicone fouling-release coatings represent a non-toxic alternative to biocide-containing ship hull paints. These coatings allow fouling organisms to attach to the hull surface, but prevent firm adhesion. Adhesive tenacity to fouling-release materials varies both among and within species. We quantified broad-sense genetic and environmental sources of intraspecific variation in tenacity to two silicone substrata, for the barnacle Balanus amphitrite. For both materials tenacity varied over an order of magnitude; however, the partitioning of this variation differed between the substrata. For International Veridian, a commercially-available fouling-release coating, removal stress varied significantly among maternal families and replicate barnacle cultures. Variation among the maternal families was associated with previously observed differences among these families in the condition of the adhesive plaque. Additional experiments suggested that variation among the replicate cultures arose from heterogeneity between replicate coatings in properties that affect tenacity. We could not attribute variation in removal stress for Dow Corning Silastic T-2, a silicone rubber used for mold-making, to any of the genetic or environmental sources tested. Instead, variation may have been due to measurement error or heterogeneity within replicate coatings in properties affecting tenacity. Differences among maternal families in removal stress may stem from variation in the interaction between the adhesive and the substratum, or in the viscoelastic properties of the adhesive plaque. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Holm, Eric R.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Kavanagh, Christopher J.] Florida Inst Technol, Dept Marine & Environm Syst, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Orihuela, Beatriz; Rittschof, Daniel] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA. RP Holm, ER (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bldg 60,Room 334,9500 MacArthur Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM eric.holm@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This research was funded by a grant from the Office of Naval Research to ERH. Suggestions from colleagues M. Callow and T. Brennan resulted in our employing the Veridian coating and Silastic T-2 material. J. Tonge (Dow Coming) supplied the Silastic T-2. C. Belch (Naval Surface Warfare Center) painted the Veridian panels used in 2003. G. Swain (Florida Institute of Technology) provided facilities for coating of the Silastic T-2 panels. R. Lennen measured the water contact angles. T. Estes assisted with the execution of experiments carried out in 2003. The manuscript benefited from discussions with M. Schultz and I. Singer. [SS] NR 54 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PD NOV 15 PY 2009 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 61 EP 67 DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2009.06.026 PG 7 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 518IG UT WOS:000271683900008 ER PT J AU Vogt, PR Jung, WY AF Vogt, P. R. Jung, W. Y. TI Treitel Ridge: A unique inside corner hogback on the west flank of extinct Aegir spreading ridge, Norway basin SO MARINE GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Treitel Ridge; Aegir Ridge; Norway Basin; extinct spreading axis; plate boundary reorganization; inside corner high; ultraslow spreading; Iceland hotspot ID NORWEGIAN-GREENLAND SEA; MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE; V-SHAPED RIDGES; PLATE TECTONIC EVOLUTION; ICELAND HOTSPOT TRACK; OCEANIC-CRUST; CONTINENTAL-MARGIN; LABRADOR SEA; HOT-SPOT; NORTH AB Detailed shipborne mapping (sidescan sonar, swath bathymetry, seismic reflection, 3.5 kHz profiling, gravity and magnetics) of the extinct Aegir spreading axis (ca.55-25 Ma) in the Norway Basin revealed a highly unusual (in a MOR setting), narrow, 130 km long, asymmetrical basement hogback (Treitel Ridge; TR) on the southern west flank of the extinct rift, close to its junction with the Iceland-Faeroe aseismic ridge and the putative paleo-Iceland hotspot center. The ridge seems to continue north another 130 km in the form of a wider, more irregular basement rise, for a combined length of ca. 260 km. The southern, narrow part of TR, approximately following or slightly younger than chron 18n (ca. 39 Ma), attains a basement relief of ca. 1000 m in the south, its summit descending gradually (1.7:100) towards the NE. Although an east-flank conjugate appears generally lacking along both northern and southern parts of TR, asymmetry of the southern portion (steeper slope facing towards the extinct rift valley) suggests volcanic formation and axially dipping normal faulting at or near the active plate boundary. The possibility of continental crust extending close to the southern end of TR may also be important, because some of this crust may have been remelted at depth, contributing magma to feed TR eruptions. Southern TR may record a brief(0.1-1 m.y.) inside-corner tectonic event (probably a flexurally compensated normal-faulted offset), in effect a "mega-abyssal hili". We suggest TR was probably not an expression of change in Iceland hotspot activity or somehow related to nearby continental crust, but rather represents the volcano-tectonic response of the Aegir accretion axis-at the time it became the eastern edge of the new Jan Mayen micro-plate-to extinction of the Mid-Labrador Sea spreading center. As proposed by Nunns (1983), the annexation of the Greenland plate by the North American plate forced a plate boundary reorganization east of Greenland-with northward propagation of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge rift along the Greenland margin to form the Jan Mayen micro-plate. Simultaneously, two ca. 107 degrees trending transforms developed from the previously 146 degrees trending Faeroes Fracture Zone. Both TR formation and fracture zone trend changes may record Aegir Ridge response to this major plate kinematic reorganization. Because TR was formed during a short interval, spreading along the Mid-Labrador Sea ridge may have ceased abruptly as well. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Vogt, P. R.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Jung, W. Y.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Vogt, PR (reprint author), 3555 Alder Rd, Port Republic, MD 20676 USA. EM ptr_vogt@yahoo.com FU Office of Naval Research [PE 61153N] FX We thank the officers and crew of R/V Maurice Ewing and the NRL chief scientist (H. Fleming). C. Nishimura, M. Czarnecki, and A.N. Shor also played leading shipboard roles. C. Nishimura produced the SeaMARC II sidescan sonar mosaics. We thank our colleagues at the British Antarctic Survey for permission to publish the inset map in Fig. 1. We are indebted to the late Dr. Leo Treitel, namesake of Treitel Ridge, for making this and other expeditions possible. We thank Garrett Ito, anonymous reviewer, and co-Editor in Chief (David Piper) for their thoughtful reviews. We especially thank Garrett Ito for his careful review, suggestions for manuscript improvement, and new ideas on interpreting our data. This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research, PE #61153N. NR 84 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0025-3227 J9 MAR GEOL JI Mar. Geol. PD NOV 15 PY 2009 VL 267 IS 1-2 BP 86 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2009.09.006 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA 524CO UT WOS:000272121600007 ER PT J AU Finkenstadt, D Johnson, DD AF Finkenstadt, Daniel Johnson, D. D. TI Analysis of nonequilibrium hcp precipitate growth in fcc matrices: Application to Al-Ag SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Kinetics; Precipitation; Phase transformations ID LEDGED INTERPHASE BOUNDARIES; PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; ATOMIC MECHANISMS; KINETICS; DIFFUSION; ALLOY; PLATES; STEPS; SHEAR; TRAIN AB Hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) gamma-precipitates with large aspect ratios form rapidly in some face-centered cubic (fcc) solid-solutions. No model explains the observed time-dependent increase in aspect ratio, nor irregular intermediate growth shapes. We propose a nonequilibrium process involving trape-zoidal offshoots (controlled only by energetics) that governs the growth behavior (kinetics) and yields nonequilibrium structures in agreement with observation. Then, combining nucleation theory and diffusion-limited growth both of secondary nuclei and ledges, we derive a general growth equation for gamma-precipitates due to solute-segregation to precipitate-matrix interfaces that includes our modification of the Jones-Trivedi model for thickening to account for the slow growth of coherent interfaces compared to incoherent interfaces. The analytic form of nucleation rate agrees in various limits with forms used to fit experimental data, which were not derived from general arguments. In contrast to previous theories, our model yields quantitative agreement to the observed time-dependent increase of aspect ratio, if estimated from the solute supersaturation in the precipitate as well as the dependence on precipitate-matrix interphase energies. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Johnson, D. D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys & Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Finkenstadt, Daniel] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Johnson, D. D.] Univ Illinois, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Finkenstadt, Daniel] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Johnson, DD (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys & Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM finkenst@usna.edu; duanej@illinois.edu OI Johnson, Duane/0000-0003-0794-7283 NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD NOV 15 PY 2009 VL 525 IS 1-2 BP 174 EP 180 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2009.07.004 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 504QY UT WOS:000270633400025 ER PT J AU Mikhailov, EE Novikova, I Havey, MD Narducci, FA AF Mikhailov, Eugeniy E. Novikova, I. Havey, M. D. Narducci, F. A. TI Magnetic field imaging with atomic Rb vapor SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETOMETRY AB We demonstrate the possibility of dynamic imaging of magnetic fields using electromagnetically induced transparency in an atomic gas. As an experimental demonstration we employ an atomic Rb gas confined in a glass cell to image the transverse magnetic field created by a long straight wire. In this arrangement, which clearly reveals the essential effect, the field of view is about 2 X 2 mm(2) and the field detection uncertainty is 0.14 mG per 10 mu m X 10 mu m image pixel. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Mikhailov, Eugeniy E.; Novikova, I.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Havey, M. D.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Narducci, F. A.] USN, EO Sensors Div, Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Novikova, I (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. EM inovikova@physics.wm.edu RI Novikova, Irina/B-9041-2008; Havey, Mark/B-1334-2009 OI Havey, Mark/0000-0002-4034-2553 FU NSF [PHY-0758010, PHY-0654226]; Jeffress Research [J-847]; ONR [N0001409WX20679]; In-House Laboratory Innovative Research (ILIR) FX The authors thank D. Malyarenko, S. Aubin, and J. P. Davis for valuable contributions. This research was supported by NSF grants PHY-0758010 and PHY-0654226, Jeffress Research grant J-847, ONR grants N0001409WX20679 and an In-House Laboratory Innovative Research (ILIR). NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD NOV 15 PY 2009 VL 34 IS 22 BP 3529 EP 3531 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 521XC UT WOS:000271958700024 PM 19927200 ER PT J AU Castaneda, CA Fitch, CA Majumdar, A Khangulov, V Schlessman, JL Garcia-Moreno, BE AF Castaneda, Carlos A. Fitch, Carolyn A. Majumdar, Ananya Khangulov, Victor Schlessman, Jamie L. Garcia-Moreno, Bertrand E. TI Molecular determinants of the pK(a) values of Asp and Glu residues in staphylococcal nuclease SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE staphylococcal nuclease; NMR; dynamics; pK(a) values; electrostatics ID AMINO-ACID RESIDUES; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; CONTINUUM ELECTROSTATIC MODEL; BROWNIAN DYNAMICS PROGRAM; MULTIPLE-SITE TITRATION; SIDE-CHAIN RESONANCES; OVOMUCOID 3RD DOMAIN; L-ALA-OH; CONFORMATIONAL FLEXIBILITY; IONIZABLE GROUPS AB Prior computational studies of the acid-unfolding behavior of staphylococcal nuclease (SNase) suggest that the pK(a) values of its carboxylic groups are difficult to reproduce with electrostatics calculations with continuum methods. To examine the molecular determinants of the pK(a) values of carboxylic groups in SNase, the pK(a) values of all 20 Asp and Glu residues were measured with multidimensional and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy in an acid insensitive variant of SNase. The crystal structure of the protein was obtained to describe the microenvironments of the carboxylic groups. Fourteen Asp and Glu residues titrate with relatively normal pK(a) values that are depressed by less than 1.1 units relative to the normal pK(a) of Asp and Glu in water. Only six residues have pK(a) values shifted by more than 1.5 units. Asp-21 has an unusually high pK(a) of 6.5, which is probably the result of interactions with other carboxytic groups at the active site. The most perturbed pK(a) values appear to be governed by hydrogen bonding and not by Coulomb interactions. The pK(a) values calculated with standard continuum electrostatics methods applied to static structures are more depressed than the measured values because Coulomb effects are exaggerated in the calculations. The problems persist even when the protein is treated with the dielectric constant of water. This can be interpreted to imply that structural relaxation is an important determinant of the pK(a) values; however, no major pH-sensitive conformational reorganization of the backbone was detected using NMR spectroscopy. Proteins 2009; 77:570-588. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Castaneda, Carlos A.; Fitch, Carolyn A.; Khangulov, Victor; Garcia-Moreno, Bertrand E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Biophys, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Majumdar, Ananya] Johns Hopkins Univ, Biomol NMR Facil, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Schlessman, Jamie L.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Garcia-Moreno, BE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Biophys, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM bertrand@jhu.edu FU NSF [MCB-0743422]; Burroughs-Wellcome Fund; The US Naval Academy Joint F. Crowley Fellowship; DOE Institute of Multiscale Modeling of Biological Interactions FX Grant sponsors: NSF, Grant number MCB-0743422 (BGME); The Burroughs-Wellcome Fund (CAC); The US Naval Academy Joint F. Crowley Fellowship (CAC); and DOE Institute of Multiscale Modeling of Biological Interactions (VK). NR 90 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 2 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD NOV 15 PY 2009 VL 77 IS 3 BP 570 EP 588 DI 10.1002/prot.22470 PG 19 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 507JR UT WOS:000270849900008 PM 19533744 ER PT J AU Brown, J MacMahan, J Reniers, A Thornton, E AF Brown, Jeff MacMahan, Jamie Reniers, Ad Thornton, Ed TI Surf zone diffusivity on a rip-channeled beach SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID 2-DIMENSIONAL TURBULENCE; GEORGES BANK; DISPERSION; DRIFTER; STATISTICS; WAVES; ESTUARIES; ATLANTIC; CURRENTS; MODELS AB Absolute and relative diffusivity are measured on a rip-channeled beach using 30 position-tracking drifters released in clusters (4-12 drifters) deployed on 7 days with different wave forcing and tidal elevations at Sand City, Monterey Bay, California. Diffusivity and dispersion were found to be larger on days with rip current flow patterns and larger waves. Rip currents cause material to diffuse quickly for t < 90 s in the cross shore (k(xx) = 5.4-6.1 m(2)/s) before decreasing to an asymptotic oscillation (k(xx) = 0.9-2.2 m(2)/s), while alongshore material diffusion is initially (t < 170 s) smaller than cross-shore diffusion and asymptotes at a larger value (k(yy) = 2.8-3.8 m(2)/s). The cross-and alongshore absolute diffusivity modulate at similar to 300 s corresponding to the average circulation time for a rip current. Two-particle relative dispersion (D-p) grows like D-p(2) similar to t(4/3) and the relative diffusivity (K-p) is scale dependent, K-p similar to d(0.2) (d is particle separation). Cluster relative diffusion (K-e) ranged from 1.0 to 4.5 m(2)/s and cluster relative dispersions (D-e) are significantly correlated with two-particle relative dispersions (D-S) [R-2 > 0.9]. Two independent methods are used to measure the small-scale turbulent diffusion contribution (k(xy)), which are found significantly correlated (R-2 = 0.95) with each other and calculated surf zone wave breaking induced turbulent eddy viscosity. Here kxy is small relative to the total dispersion (K-e/k(xy) = 3-30), indicating that the shear flow is the primary mechanism responsible for dispersion in a rip current system. C1 [Brown, Jeff] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [MacMahan, Jamie; Thornton, Ed] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Reniers, Ad] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Reniers, Ad] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Hydraul Engn, Delft, Netherlands. RP Brown, J (reprint author), Univ Delaware, 301 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM jhmacmah@nps.edu FU Office of Naval Research Coastal Geosciences Program; Delaware Sea Grant; California State Coastal Conservancy; National Science Foundation [OCE 0728324]; ONR [N0001407WR20226, N0001408WR20006, N00014-05-1-0154, N00014-05-1-0352, N000140710556]; California State Coastal Conservancy [04-034]; University of Miami FX We extend our appreciation to the many folks who assisted in obtaining drifter data set: Tim Stanton, Jenna Brown, Jon Morrison, Edie Gallagher, Jim Stockel, Rob Wyland, Keith Wyckoff, Ron Cowen, Natalie Lauder, Mark Orzech, Nick Dodd, Jim Lambert, and Lance Valenzuela. This work was funded through the Office of Naval Research Coastal Geosciences Program, Delaware Sea Grant, California State Coastal Conservancy, and National Science Foundation. The field experiment, travel support, and PI and staff support ( Stanton, Stockel, Wyland, Wyckoff, and Cowen) was provided by ONR N0001407WR20226 and N0001408WR20006. Supporting experimental infrastructure ( directional wave and video observed) was funded in part by the California State Coastal Conservancy as part of the Coastal Ocean Circulation Monitoring Program-Northern California under contract 04-034. J.M. was supported by ONR contracts N00014-05-1-0154, N00014-05-1-0352, N0001407WR20226, and N0001408WR20006 and the National Science Foundation OCE 0728324. J.B. was supported by the Delaware Sea Grant, University of Delaware, and ONR N0001407WR20226 and N0001408WR20006. A. R. was supported by ONR N000140710556 and the University of Miami. E. T. was supported by ONR N0001407WR20226. Constructive suggestions from two anonymous reviewers are greatly appreciated. NR 46 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD NOV 14 PY 2009 VL 114 AR C11015 DI 10.1029/2008JC005158 PG 20 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 520QU UT WOS:000271862100001 ER PT J AU Currie, M Lou, JW Eversole, JD AF Currie, Marc Lou, Janet W. Eversole, Jay D. TI Broadband optical pulse scattering from a glass fiber SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-SCATTERING; LASER-PULSES AB We report results of scattering measurements using femtosecond pulses to collect a wealth of information in a single experiment. Potential issues with particle scattering, such as variation in particle size, were avoided by using 9 and 50 mu m diameter glass fibers. We first establish an angular scattering intensity baseline, and we show that the spectral width of very short pulses leads to smoothing of the angular scattering pattern, consistent with continuous broadband illumination. We then measure the angular scattering pattern from short pulses with a spectrometer and reveal an underlying spectral periodicity of broadband scattered light that is consistent with narrowband cw scattering. Our experimental results compare well with existing theory. We show that such two-dimensional experimental data and derived analytic solution can provide robust characterization of scattering objects even in the presence of noise. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Currie, Marc; Lou, Janet W.; Eversole, Jay D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Currie, M (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM marc.currie@nrl.navy.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD NOV 10 PY 2009 VL 48 IS 32 BP 6223 EP 6228 DI 10.1364/AO.48.006223 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 517WM UT WOS:000271649700018 PM 19904320 ER PT J AU Brooks, DH Warren, HP Williams, DR Watanabe, T AF Brooks, David H. Warren, Harry P. Williams, David R. Watanabe, Tetsuya TI HINODE/EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET IMAGING SPECTROMETER OBSERVATIONS OF THE TEMPERATURE STRUCTURE OF THE QUIET CORONA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona; Sun: UV radiation; techniques: spectroscopic ID ACTIVE-REGION LOOPS; 3-DIMENSIONAL STEREOSCOPIC ANALYSIS; EMISSION MEASURE STRUCTURE; SOLAR TRANSITION REGION; DIAGNOSTIC SPECTROMETER; RATE COEFFICIENTS; ATOMIC DATABASE; ADAS ANALYSIS; SOHO EIT; FE-XII AB We present a differential emission measure (DEM) analysis of the quiet solar corona on disk using data obtained by the Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on Hinode. We show that the expected quiet-Sun DEM distribution can be recovered from judiciously selected lines, and that their average intensities can be reproduced to within 30%. We present a subset of these selected lines spanning the temperature range log T = 5.6-6.4 K that can be used to derive the DEM distribution reliably, including a subset of iron lines that can be used to derive the DEM distribution free of the possibility of uncertainties in the elemental abundances. The subset can be used without the need for extensive measurements, and the observed intensities can be reproduced to within the estimated uncertainty in the pre-launch calibration of EIS. Furthermore, using this subset, we also demonstrate that the quiet coronal DEM distribution can be recovered on size scales down to the spatial resolution of the instrument (1 '' pixels). The subset will therefore be useful for studies of small-scale spatial inhomogeneities in the coronal temperature structure, for example, in addition to studies requiring multiple DEM derivations in space or time. We apply the subset to 45 quiet-Sun data sets taken in the period 2007 January to April, and show that although the absolute magnitude of the coronal DEM may scale with the amount of released energy, the shape of the distribution is very similar up to at least log T similar to 6.2 K in all cases. This result is consistent with the view that the shape of the quiet-Sun DEM ismainly a function of the radiating and conducting properties of the plasma and is fairly insensitive to the location and rate of energy deposition. This universal DEM may be sensitive to other factors such as loop geometry, flows, and the heating mechanism, but if so they cannot vary significantly from quiet-Sun region to region. C1 [Brooks, David H.; Warren, Harry P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Brooks, David H.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22020 USA. [Williams, David R.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [Watanabe, Tetsuya] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. RP Brooks, DH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Code 7673, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM dhbrooks@ssd5.nrl.navy.mil RI Williams, David/E-6676-2011 OI Williams, David/0000-0001-9922-8117 FU NASA Hinode program FX We thank John Mariska and Peter Young for helpful comments and suggestions. We also thank the referee for constructive suggestions on how to physically interpret the results. D.H.B. and H.P.W. acknowledge funding support from the NASA Hinode program. CHIANTI is a collaborative project involving the NRL (USA), RAL (UK), and the following Universities: College London (UK), Cambridge (UK), George Mason (USA), and Florence (Italy). Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA, with NAOJ as domestic partner and NASA and STFC (UK) as international partners. It is operated by these agencies in cooperation with ESA and NSC (Norway). NR 37 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 2009 VL 705 IS 2 BP 1522 EP 1532 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/705/2/1522 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 511FQ UT WOS:000271149700039 ER PT J AU Short, M Kessler, DA AF Short, Mark Kessler, David A. TI Asymptotic and numerical study of variable-density premixed flame propagation in a narrow channel SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID HEAT-LOSS; COMBUSTION; TUBES; DUCTS; ACCELERATION; DYNAMICS; THIN AB The influence of thermal expansion on the dynamics of thick to moderately thick premixed flames (flame thickness less than or comparable to the channel height) for a variable-density flow in a narrow, rectangular channel is explored. The study is conducted within the framework of the zero-Mach-number, variable-density Navier-Stokes equations. Both adiabatic and non-adiabatic channel walls are considered. A small Peclet number asymptotic solution is developed for steady, variable-density flame propagation in the narrow channel. The dynamics of channel flames are also examined numerically for O(1) Peclet numbers in configurations which include flame propagation in a semi-closed channel from the closed to the open end of the channel, flame propagation in a semi-closed channel towards the closed end of the channel and flame propagation in an open channel in which a Poiseuille flow (flame assisting or flame opposing) is imposed at the channel inlet. Comparisons of the finite-Peclet-number dynamics are made with the behaviour of the small-Peclet-number solutions. We also compare how thermal expansion modifies the flow dynamics from those determined by a constant-density model. The small-Peclet-number variable-density solution for a flame propagating in a circular pipe is given in the Appendix. C1 [Short, Mark] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Shock & Detonat Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kessler, David A.] USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Short, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Shock & Detonat Phys Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM short1@lanl.gov NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD NOV 10 PY 2009 VL 638 BP 305 EP 337 DI 10.1017/S0022112009990966 PG 33 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 522EB UT WOS:000271979500014 ER PT J AU Hwang, PA AF Hwang, Paul A. TI Estimating the effective energy transfer velocity at air-sea interface SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID WIND-GENERATED WAVES; BREAKING WAVES; OCEAN SURFACE; DRAG COEFFICIENT; GRAVITY-WAVES; MOMENTUM FLUX; DISSIPATION; FIELD; PARAMETERIZATION; ROUGHNESS AB An analytical expression of the effective energy transfer velocity relating surface wind stress and energy dissipation is derived from the parameterization functions of wave energy dissipation and ocean surface friction coefficient. The equation is applied to analyses from two field experiments at very different stages of wave development. Discussions on relevant issues such as the effect of wind field steadiness, scaling, and spectral resolution are presented. A key result from this investigation is that the effective energy transfer velocity is confined in a narrow range, with the majority of data points within 1.5 and 3 m/s, over a wide range of wind speed (5-16 m/s) and dimensionless frequency (0.8-4.2) of the wavefield. A sharp increase in the energy transfer coefficient and effective energy transfer velocity occurs at a wind speed near 6 or 7 m/s. Data points that deviated significantly from the parameterization prediction appear to be associated with wind field unsteadiness, which is not accounted for in the formulation of parameterization function. The breaking process is local in space or time as well as in wave number or frequency. Global (mean) quantities such as dominant wave speed and wind friction velocity are not the proper scaling factor for the breaking velocity or energy transfer coefficient. The scaling factor should reflect the local characteristics (steepness, acceleration, or orbital velocity) of the wavefield that lead to waveform instability. C1 USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hwang, PA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM paul.hwang@nrl.navy.mil NR 40 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD NOV 7 PY 2009 VL 114 AR C11011 DI 10.1029/2009JC005497 PG 9 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 516ZZ UT WOS:000271583800002 ER PT J AU Landerville, AC Oleynik, II White, CT AF Landerville, A. C. Oleynik, I. I. White, C. T. TI Reactive Molecular Dynamics of Hypervelocity Collisions of PETN Molecules SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE CRYSTAL; ENERGY-TRANSFER RATES; HOT-SPOT FORMATION; UNIMOLECULAR DECOMPOSITION; AB-INITIO; EXPLOSIVE DECOMPOSITION; SEMIEMPIRICAL METHODS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CLASSICAL DYNAMICS; SHOCK SENSITIVITY AB Born-Oppenheimer direct dynamics classical trajectory simulations of biomolecular collisions of PETN molecules have been performed to investigate the fundamental mechanisms of hypervelocity chemistry relevant to initiating reactions immediately behind the shock wavefront in energetic molecular crystals. The solidstate environment specifies the initial orientations of colliding molecules. The threshold velocities for initiating chemistry for a variety of crystallographic orientations were correlated with available experimental data oil anisotropic shock sensitivity of PETN. Collisions normal to the planes (001) and (110) were found to be most sensitive with threshold velocities oil the order of characteristic particle velocities in detonating PETN. The production of NO2 is the dominant reaction pathway in most of the reactive cases. The simulations show that the reactive chemistry, driven by dynamics rather than temperature during hypervelocity collisions, can occur at a very short time scale (10-(13) s) under highly nonequilibrium conditions. C1 [Landerville, A. C.; Oleynik, I. I.] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [White, C. T.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Landerville, AC (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. RI Oleynik, Ivan/R-5004-2016 OI Oleynik, Ivan/0000-0002-5348-6484 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); NSF TeraGrid facilities [DRM070018N, TG-MCA08X040]; ARO DURIP [W911NF-07-1-0212] FX The work performed at the University of South Florida was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and partly by the Army Research Office through the Multi-University Research Initiative on Insensitive Munitions. The work at NRL was supported by ONR both directly and through NRL. Calculations were performed using NSF TeraGrid facilities (Grants TG-DRM070018N and TG-MCA08X040), USF Research Computing Cluster, and computational facilities of Materials Simulation Laboratory at the University of South Florida funded by ARO DURIP (Grant No. W911NF-07-1-0212). Visualizations and video rendering were done using Jmol (http//jmol sourceforge net/) and RasMol (http //www rasmol org/) molecular visualization software I I O and A C L thank Prof M A Kozhushner for discussions of nonequilibrium chemistry. NR 73 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD NOV 5 PY 2009 VL 113 IS 44 BP 12094 EP 12104 DI 10.1021/jp905969y PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 510QO UT WOS:000271105800008 PM 19817467 ER PT J AU Morrill, PL Sleep, BE Seepersad, DJ McMaster, ML Hood, ED LeBron, C Major, DW Edwards, EA Lollar, BS AF Morrill, P. L. Sleep, B. E. Seepersad, D. J. McMaster, M. L. Hood, E. D. LeBron, C. Major, D. W. Edwards, E. A. Lollar, B. Sherwood TI Variations in expression of carbon isotope fractionation of chlorinated ethenes during biologically enhanced PCE dissolution close to a source zone SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL); Tetrachloroethene (PCE); Chlorinated ethene degradation products; Enhanced dissolution; Biodegradation; Stable carbon isotope fractionation ID IN-SITU BIODEGRADATION; VINYL-CHLORIDE; REDUCTIVE DECHLORINATION; MICROBIAL DECHLORINATION; TETRACHLOROETHENE DNAPL; CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; CIS-DICHLOROETHENE; SP-NOV; TRICHLOROETHENE AB The stable carbon isotope values of tetrachloroethene (PCE) and its degradation products were monitored during studies of biologically enhanced dissolution of PCE dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) to determine the effect of PCE dissolution on observed isotope values. The degradation of PCE was monitored in a 2-dimensional model aquifer and in a pilot test cell (PTC) at Dover Air Force Base, both with emplaced PCE DNAPL sources. Within the plume down gradient from the source, the isotopic fractionation of dissolved PCE and its degradation products were consistent with those observed in biodegradation laboratory studies. However, close to the source zone significant shifts in the isotope values of dissolved PCE were not observed in either the model aquifer or PTC due to the constant input of newly dissolved, non fractionated PCE, and the small isotopic fractionation associated with PCE reductive dechlorination by the mixed microbial culture used. Therefore the identification of reductive dechlorination in the presence of PCE DNAPL was based upon the appearance of daughter products and the isotope values of those daughter products. An isotope model was developed to simulate isotope values of PCE during the dissolution and degradation of PCE adjacent to a DNAPL source zone. With the exception of very high degradation rate constants (>1/day) stable carbon isotope values of PCE estimated by the model remained within error of the isotope value of the PCE DNAPL, consistent with measured isotope values in the model aquifer and in the PTC. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Morrill, P. L.; Lollar, B. Sherwood] Univ Toronto, Dept Geol, Toronto, ON M5S 3B1, Canada. [Sleep, B. E.] Univ Toronto, Dept Civil Engn, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada. [Seepersad, D. J.; Edwards, E. A.] Univ Toronto, Dept Chem Engn & Appl Chem, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada. [McMaster, M. L.; Major, D. W.] GeoSyntec Consultans, Guelph, ON N1G 5G3, Canada. [Hood, E. D.] Golder Associates, Toronto, ON M5H 3L5, Canada. [LeBron, C.] USN, Facil Engn Serv Ctr, Port Hueneme, CA 93043 USA. RP Morrill, PL (reprint author), Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Earth Sci, St John, NF A1B 3X5, Canada. EM pmorrill@mun.ca OI Sleep, Brent/0000-0003-1591-609X; Edwards, Elizabeth/0000-0002-8071-338X FU Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); U.S. Department of Defence (DOD); Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) [ER0008] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding provided by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Strategic Projects Program and the partial funding of this work by the U.S. Department of Defence (DOD) Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) (project # ER0008). The authors would also like to thank Christina Heidom for all of her help maintaining the model aquifers. NR 61 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD NOV 3 PY 2009 VL 110 IS 1-2 BP 60 EP 71 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2009.08.006 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 520IG UT WOS:000271836600006 PM 19818530 ER PT J AU Borghard, WG Calabro, DC DiSanzo, FP Disko, MM Diehl, JW Fried, JC Markowitz, MA Zeinali, M Melde, BJ Riley, AE AF Borghard, W. G. Calabro, D. C. DiSanzo, F. P. Disko, M. M. Diehl, J. W. Fried, J. C. Markowitz, M. A. Zeinali, M. Melde, B. J. Riley, A. E. TI Characterization and Testing of Periodic Mesoporous Organosilicas as Potential Selective Benzene Adsorbents SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; NANOPOROUS ORGANOSILICAS; ADSORPTION PROPERTIES; SILICA PARTICLES; AQUEOUS SAMPLES; ORGANIC GROUPS; GEL MATERIALS; TRACE-LEVEL; PRECONCENTRATION; EXPLOSIVES AB The effects of surface imprinting oil the adsorption and desorption properties of benzene- and diethylbenzene-bridged periodic mesoporous organosilicas (PMOs) acting as GC stationary-phase preconcentration sorbents for benzene and xylene were examined. Surface-imprinted and nonimprinted PMOs with diethylbenzene (DEB), benzene (BENZ), and ethane (BTSE) bridges and nonimprinted mesoporous silica (MCM-41) were prepared via well-establislied surfactant templating synthetic methods. The imprinted materials were synthesized using a surfactant demonstrated to produce trinitrotoluene (TNT) selective sorbents with increased adsorption capacity for cresol and 4-nitrophenol as well as TNT. Powder XRD and nitrogen sorption measurements revealed that all of the materials were mesoporous with the DEB materials having a random pore structure and lower surface area than the other materials which had ordered pore structures. Result, for maximum uptake of benzene and p-xylene indicate a small but consistent positive effect on the adsorption of benzene and p-xylene due to surface imprinting. Comparing the surface area normalized uptakes (mg/m(2)) for materials having the same organic bridge with and without imprinting (DEB vs TDMI-DEB and BENZ vs TDMI-BENZ) shows that in seven of eight comparisons the imprinted analogue had a higher aromatic uptake. The imprinted samples showed higher weight normalized uptakes (mg/g) in five of eight cases. When used as a GC stationary phase, the organosilica materials yield more symmetrical chromatographic peaks and better separation than MCM-41, indicating superior trapping of BTX analytes, particularly at low concentrations. Additionally, these materials rapidly desorb the preconcentrated compounds. C1 [Borghard, W. G.; Calabro, D. C.; DiSanzo, F. P.; Disko, M. M.; Diehl, J. W.; Fried, J. C.; Riley, A. E.] ExxonMobil Res & Engn Co, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA. [Markowitz, M. A.; Zeinali, M.; Melde, B. J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM dccalabro@exxonmobil.com; mike.markowitz@science.doe.gov; brian.melde@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Kirk Schmitt for suggesting the testing of these materials as stationary GC phases, and the helpful assistance of Doug Colmyerand Richard Ernstin collecting the adsorption isotherm, XRD, TGA, and SEM data for this report. M. A. Markowitz, M. Zeinali, and B. J. Melde were supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 39 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD NOV 3 PY 2009 VL 25 IS 21 BP 12661 EP 12669 DI 10.1021/la901334z PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 510QW UT WOS:000271106600040 PM 19788277 ER PT J AU Martin, TP Fairbanks, MS Scannell, BC Marlow, CA Linke, H Taylor, RP AF Martin, T. P. Fairbanks, M. S. Scannell, B. C. Marlow, C. A. Linke, H. Taylor, R. P. TI Investigation of electron wave function hybridization in Ga0.25In0.75As/InP arrays SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE energy states; fluctuations; gallium arsenide; III-V semiconductors; indium compounds; magnetoresistance; semiconductor quantum dots; wave functions ID BALLISTIC QUANTUM DOTS; PHASE BREAKING; CONDUCTANCE; TRANSPORT; MOLECULE AB We present a measurement technique for quantifying coupling between semiconductor quantum dots in an array. This technique employs magnetoconductance fluctuations to probe the decrease in the average spacing of the quantum energy levels as the electron wave functions in the dots undergo hybridization. Focusing on Ga0.25In0.75As dots, we investigate hybridization as the coupling strength is varied and the number of dots in the array is increased. Our technique reveals a significant drop in the average energy level spacing for multiple dot arrays, which is strong evidence for wave function hybridization. C1 [Martin, T. P.; Fairbanks, M. S.; Scannell, B. C.; Marlow, C. A.; Linke, H.; Taylor, R. P.] Univ Oregon, Dept Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Martin, T. P.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Linke, H.] Lund Univ, Div Solid State Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Taylor, R. P.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. RP Martin, TP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mfairban@uoregon.edu RI Linke, Heiner/A-5825-2010; Marlow, Colleen/A-2532-2012; Martin, Theodore/H-1287-2016 OI Linke, Heiner/0000-0003-4451-4006; FU AFRL [FA8650-05-1-5041]; ONR through the Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies Institute; Swedish Research Council; NSF IGERT program; Cottrell Scholar of the Research Corporation FX We acknowledge support from the AFRL (Agreement No. FA8650-05-1-5041), the ONR through the Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies Institute, the Swedish Research Council, and the NSF IGERT program (M. S. F. and T. P. M.). R. P. T. is a Cottrell Scholar of the Research Corporation. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 2 PY 2009 VL 95 IS 18 AR 182105 DI 10.1063/1.3258495 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 518CD UT WOS:000271666800038 ER PT J AU Jiang, JC He, J Meletis, EI Chen, CL Lin, Y Horwitz, JS Jacobson, AJ AF Jiang, Jiechao He, Jie Meletis, Efstahios I. Chen, Chonglin Lin, Yuan Horwitz, James S. Jacobson, Allan J. TI Two-dimensional interface structures of epitaxial (Ba,Sr)TiO3 film on miscut (001) MgO SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE Electron diffraction; Electron microscopy; Epitaxy; Interfaces; Oxides; Dielectric properties ID SRRUO3 THIN-FILMS; GROWTH-TEMPERATURE; ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; MICROSTRUCTURE; THICKNESS; SRTIO3; SUPERLATTICES; PEROVSKITE; BEHAVIOR; LAALO3 AB We report on the effect of substrate miscut on the 2-dimensional interfacial structure and dielectric properties of the epitaxial Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3/MgO. Epitaxial Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 films on vicinal (001) MgO grown by pulsed-laser ablation were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Plan-view TEM showed that the films grown on the substrate with miscut angles of 1.2 degrees 3.5 degrees and 5.3 degrees have lattice mismatches of -5.6%, -6.0% and -5.7% at the interface, larger than the values (-5.4%, -5.7% and -5.5%, respectively) obtained using cross-section TEM. The films grown on 1.2 degrees and 5.3 degrees miscut substrates consist of commensurate domains with sizes about 30 to 40 nm at the interface, significantly larger than those of 10 to 20 nm obtained for the films grown on the 3.5 degrees miscut substrate. The films with larger commensurate domains at the interface exhibit about 30% higher dielectric constant and dielectric tunability than those with smaller commensurate domains. Initial measurements show that their interfacial differences have a tremendous effect on the dielectric properties of the films. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jiang, Jiechao; He, Jie; Meletis, Efstahios I.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Chen, Chonglin; Lin, Yuan] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Phys & Astron, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. [Chen, Chonglin; Lin, Yuan] Univ Houston, TcSUH, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Chen, Chonglin; Lin, Yuan] Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Horwitz, James S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Jacobson, Allan J.] Univ Houston, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RP Jiang, JC (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. EM jiang@uta.edu RI lin, yuan/B-9955-2013 FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-0709293, CMS-0528873, DMR-0821745]; State of Texas, Advanced Research Program Award; State of Texas through the Texas Center FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under Awards NSF/CMMI-0709293, NSF/CMS-0528873 and NSF/DMR-0821745 and State of Texas, Advanced Research Program Award. C.L. Chen acknowledges the support by the State of Texas through the Texas Center for Superconductivity. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD NOV 2 PY 2009 VL 518 IS 1 BP 147 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2009.06.021 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 504PI UT WOS:000270628800026 ER PT J AU Acosta, RD Cash, BD AF Acosta, Ruben D. Cash, Brooks D. TI Clinical Effects of Colonic Cleansing for General Health Promotion: A Systematic Review SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Review ID COFFEE ENEMAS; IRRIGATION; AUTOINTOXICATION; CONSTIPATION AB The practice of colonic cleansing to promote general health and well-being continues to generate interest among the lay population. These practices are widely touted as adjuncts to improve vitality and as therapeutic modalities to minimize the symptoms, or prevent the actual development, of a variety of chronic disease states. The data supporting colonic cleansing and body "detoxification" have not been studied well in a systematic manner. This report describes a systematic review of the published literature of both the traditional and complementary and alternative medicine arenas that was performed in an attempt to qualify and quantify the value of colonic cleansing. The investigators concluded that there are no methodologically rigorous controlled trials of colonic cleansing to support the practice for general health promotion. Conversely, there are multiple case reports and case series that describe the adverse effects of colonic cleansing. The practice of colonic cleansing to improve or promote general health is not supported in the published literature and cannot be recommended at this time. C1 [Cash, Brooks D.] USN, Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RP Cash, BD (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 8901 Wisconsin Ave,Bldg 9, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM brooks.cash@med.navy.mil NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 12 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 104 IS 11 BP 2830 EP 2836 DI 10.1038/ajg.2009.494 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 519YC UT WOS:000271805100028 PM 19724266 ER PT J AU Mungan, CE AF Mungan, Carl E. TI REPAIRING AN ELEMENTARY EXPLANATION OF RADIATION PRESSURE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Letter DE physics education C1 USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Mungan, CE (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICS TEACHERS AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 77 IS 11 BP 965 EP 965 DI 10.1119/1.3184151 PG 1 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA 506BZ UT WOS:000270749500001 ER PT J AU Boling, MC Padua, DA Marshall, SW Guskiewicz, K Pyne, S Beutler, A AF Boling, Michelle C. Padua, Darin A. Marshall, Stephen W. Guskiewicz, Kevin Pyne, Scott Beutler, Anthony TI A Prospective Investigation of Biomechanical Risk Factors for Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome The Joint Undertaking to Monitor and Prevent ACL Injury (JUMP-ACL) Cohort SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE incidence; anterior knee pain; risk factors ID ANTERIOR KNEE PAIN; LOWER-EXTREMITY BIOMECHANICS; TRACKING DEVICE; FOLLOW-UP; ADOLESCENTS; STRENGTH; RUNNERS; GAIT AB Background: Patellofemoral pain syndrome is one of the most common chronic knee injuries; however, little research has been done to determine the risk factors for this injury. Hypothesis: Altered lower extremity kinematics and kinetics, decreased strength, and altered postural measurements will be risk factors. Study Design: Cohort study ( prognosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 1597 participants were enrolled in this investigation and prospectively followed from the date of their enrollment ( July 2005, July 2006, or July 2007) through January 2008, a maximum of 2.5 years of follow-up. Each participant underwent baseline data collection during their pre-freshman summer at the United States Naval Academy. Baseline data collection included 3-dimensional motion analysis during a jump-landing task, 6 lower extremity isometric strength tests, and postural alignment measurements ( navicular drop and Q angle). Results: Risk factors for the development of patellofemoral pain syndrome included decreased knee flexion angle, decreased vertical ground-reaction force, and increased hip internal rotation angle during the jump-landing task. Additionally, decreased quadriceps and hamstring strength, increased hip external rotator strength, and increased navicular drop were risk factors for the development of patellofemoral pain syndrome. Conclusion: Multiple modifiable risk factors for patellofemoral pain syndrome pain have been identified in this investigation. To decrease the incidence of this chronic injury, the risk factors for patellofemoral pain syndrome need to be targeted in injury prevention programs. C1 [Boling, Michelle C.] Univ N Florida, Dept Athlet Training & Phys Therapy, Jacksonville, FL 32246 USA. [Boling, Michelle C.; Padua, Darin A.; Marshall, Stephen W.; Guskiewicz, Kevin] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Pyne, Scott] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Beutler, Anthony] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Boling, MC (reprint author), Univ N Florida, Dept Athlet Training & Phys Therapy, 1 UNF Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32246 USA. EM m.boling@unf.edu OI Guskiewicz, Kevin/0000-0002-8682-2130; Marshall, Stephen/0000-0002-2664-9233 FU National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; National Institutes of Health [R01-AR054061001]; National Academy of Sports Medicine FX The Joint Undertaking to Monitor and Prevent ACL Injury (JUMP-ACL) study is funded by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health (R01-AR054061001). Additional funding was provided by the National Academy of Sports Medicine. The JUMP-ACL research team includes the following doctors: Brent Arnold, Shrikant Bangdiwala, Barry Boden, Kenneth Cameron, Thomas DeBerardino, David Keblish, Marjorie King, Robert Sullivan, John Tokish, Dean Taylor, and William E. Garrett Jr, and Ms. Susanne Wolf. NR 30 TC 132 Z9 137 U1 4 U2 53 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 37 IS 11 BP 2108 EP 2116 DI 10.1177/0363546509337934 PG 9 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 512BF UT WOS:000271216600003 PM 19797162 ER PT J AU Raj, R Guerra, D Sehli, S Nipp, R Perdue, N Alalawi, R Jager, L Nugent, K AF Raj, Rishi Guerra, Diana Sehli, Sharmila Nipp, Ryan Perdue, Natalie Alalawi, Raed Jager, Leah Nugent, Kenneth TI One Hundred-Foot Walk Test for Functional Assessment of Clinic Patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Scientific Meeting of the Southern-Society-for-Clinical-Investigation CY FEB 21-23, 2008 CL New Orleans, LA SP SE Soc Clin Investigat DE Gait speed; Balance; Hand strength; Functional assessment ID OLDER-ADULTS; MOBILITY LIMITATION; ELDERLY SUBJECTS; PERFORMANCE; RELIABILITY; DISABILITY AB Background: Gait velocity measurements provide functional assessment of patients with diverse diseases and allow predictions about future adverse events. The optimal distance for patient classification is uncertain. Methods: Participants were identified in internal medicine clinics and had to be independently ambulatory. Study investigators collected medical information, used a qualitative test to assess gait and balance (G and B score), and measured gait velocity with a timed 100-foot walk. Results: One hundred eighty-four patients participated in this study. The mean age was 57.8 +/- 12.7 years; 50% of the participants were men. The mean gait speed was 3.33 +/- 0.71 ft/sec. Gait speed decreased with age and with body mass index (BMI) and increased with height and male sex. Patients with more comorbidities had decreased speed (P < 0.01). There were significant correlations between gait speed and grip strength (P < 0.01) and between lower G and B scores and slower gait speeds (P < 0.01). G and B scores were negatively correlated with age, BMI, and certain diagnoses. They also predicted risk for past falls. The mean heart rate change during the test was 8 beats per minute. Patients in the highest quartile for heart rate change had lower gait speeds than patients in the other 3 quartiles, suggesting physiologic impairment. Conclusions: A 100-foot walk test in clinic patients provides a practical functional assessment. Gait speed was slower in patients with multiple comorbidities and poor balance. Patients with increased heart rate responses during this test seem to have physiologic impairment. This test has the potential to predict adverse events and to quantitatively determine responses to therapeutic interventions but needs prospective evaluation in clinical studies. C1 [Raj, Rishi; Guerra, Diana; Sehli, Sharmila; Nipp, Ryan; Perdue, Natalie; Alalawi, Raed; Nugent, Kenneth] Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. [Jager, Leah] USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Raj, R (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Internal Med, 3601 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. EM rishi.raj@ttuhsc.edu NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-9629 J9 AM J MED SCI JI Am. J. Med. Sci. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 338 IS 5 BP 361 EP 367 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 521JS UT WOS:000271917900005 PM 19794306 ER PT J AU Ching, WM Chen, HW Chao, CC Huber, E Glennon, EG Esteban, MT Zhang, ZW AF Ching, Wei-Mei Chen, Hua-Wei Chao, Chien-Chung Huber, Erin Glennon, Erin G. Esteban, Margarita T. Zhang, Zhiwen TI IMPROVEMENT OF SEROLOGICAL ASSAYS FOR RICKETTSIAL AND RICKETTSIAL RELATED DISEASES BY RECOMBINANT ANTIGENS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Ching, Wei-Mei; Chen, Hua-Wei; Chao, Chien-Chung; Huber, Erin; Glennon, Erin G.; Esteban, Margarita T.; Zhang, Zhiwen] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 14 BP 4 EP 5 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956700015 ER PT J AU Bernal, M Cepeda, D Canal, E Gregory, MJ Meza, R Ocana, VR Hall, ER Maves, RC AF Bernal, Maria Cepeda, David Canal, Enrique Gregory, Michael J. Meza, Rina Ocana, Victor R. Hall, Eric R. Maves, Ryan C. TI CHANGING PATTERNS OF SHIGELLOSIS IN AN ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM IN PERU, 2005-2008 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Bernal, Maria; Cepeda, David; Canal, Enrique; Gregory, Michael J.; Meza, Rina; Maves, Ryan C.] USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment Peru, Lima, Peru. [Ocana, Victor R.] Ctr Salud 14 Pachitea, Piura, Peru. [Hall, Eric R.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 78 BP 22 EP 22 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956700079 ER PT J AU Maves, RC Cepeda, D Gregory, MJ Vasquez, J Burga, R Meza, Y Perez, J Acosta, L Hall, ER AF Maves, Ryan C. Cepeda, David Gregory, Michael J. Vasquez, Jessica Burga, Rosa Meza, Yocelinda Perez, Juan Acosta, Luis Hall, Eric R. TI TRENDS IN ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AMONG BACTERIAL ENTEROPATHOGENS IN A MILITARY POPULATION IN THE PERUVIAN AMAZON, 2003-2009 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Maves, Ryan C.; Cepeda, David; Gregory, Michael J.; Meza, Yocelinda; Perez, Juan] USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment Peru, Lima, Peru. [Vasquez, Jessica; Burga, Rosa] USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment Peru, Iquitos, Peru. [Acosta, Luis] Vargas Guerra Army Base, Iquitos, Peru. [Hall, Eric R.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 79 BP 22 EP 22 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956700080 ER PT J AU Fryauff, DJ Atuguba, F Koram, KA Anyorigiya, T Adjuik, M Oduro, AR Ansah, P Hodgson, A Etego, LA Nkrumah, F AF Fryauff, David J. Atuguba, Frank Koram, Kwadwo A. Anyorigiya, Thomas Adjuik, Martin Oduro, Abraham R. Ansah, Patrick Hodgson, Abraham Etego, Lucas Amenga Nkrumah, Francis TI IMPACT OF BEDNET USE, INTERMITTENT PREVENTIVE TREATMENT (IPT), AND ANTENATAL CARE (ANC) DURING PREGNANCY ON THE HEALTH OF NEWBORNS IN THE KASSENA NANKANA DISTRICT OF NORTHERN GHANA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Fryauff, David J.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Atuguba, Frank; Anyorigiya, Thomas; Adjuik, Martin; Oduro, Abraham R.; Ansah, Patrick; Hodgson, Abraham; Etego, Lucas Amenga] Navrongo Hlth Res Ctr, Navrongo, Ghana. [Koram, Kwadwo A.; Nkrumah, Francis] Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Accra, Ghana. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 225 BP 64 EP 64 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956700225 ER PT J AU Jiang, J Richards, AL AF Jiang, Ju Richards, Allen L. TI DEVELOPMENT OF A QUANTITATITVE REAL-TIME PCR (QPCR) ASSAY FOR RICKETTSIA PARKERI SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Jiang, Ju; Richards, Allen L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 412 BP 118 EP 118 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956700412 ER PT J AU Widjaja, S Williams, M Ibrahim, IN Winoto, IL Farzeli, A Yunianto, A Perwitasari, D Jaya, UA Pepi, D Richards, AL Barbara, KA Stoops, CA Blair, PJ AF Widjaja, Susana Williams, Maya Ibrahim, Ima N. Winoto, Imelda L. Farzeli, Arik Yunianto, Andre Perwitasari, Dian Jaya, Ungke A. Pepi, Deni Richards, Allen L. Barbara, Katie A. Stoops, Craig A. Blair, Patrick J. TI GEOGRAPHICAL ASSESSMENT OF RICKETTSIAL INFECTIONS IN RODENTS IN INDONESIA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Widjaja, Susana; Williams, Maya; Winoto, Imelda L.; Farzeli, Arik; Jaya, Ungke A.; Pepi, Deni; Barbara, Katie A.; Stoops, Craig A.; Blair, Patrick J.] US Naval Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Ibrahim, Ima N.; Yunianto, Andre; Perwitasari, Dian] Minist Hlth, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Richards, Allen L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 420 BP 120 EP 120 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956700420 ER PT J AU Leski, TA Gregory, M Lin, BC Malanoski, A Stenger, D AF Leski, Tomasz A. Gregory, Michael Lin, Baochuan Malanoski, Anthony Stenger, David TI APPLICATION OF HIGH DENSITY RESEQUENCING MICROARRAY RPM-TEI V. 1.0 FOR ANALYSIS OF SOIL AND DUST SAMPLES FROM THE MIDDLE EAST SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Leski, Tomasz A.; Gregory, Michael; Lin, Baochuan; Malanoski, Anthony; Stenger, David] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Malanoski, Anthony/C-7814-2011; Lin, Baochuan/A-8390-2009 OI Malanoski, Anthony/0000-0001-6192-888X; Lin, Baochuan/0000-0002-9484-0785 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 455 BP 130 EP 130 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956700455 ER PT J AU Durand, S Santolalla, M Salas, C Soberon, V Antonio, CA Montalvan, C Montoya, MG McCollum, A Green, MD Lucas, C Udhayakumar, V Graf, PC Bacon, DJ AF Durand, Salomon Santolalla, Meddly Salas, Carola Soberon, Valeria Alvares Antonio, Carlos Montalvan, Carmen Galves Montoya, Mariella McCollum, Andrea Green, Michael D. Lucas, Carmen Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam Graf, Paul C. Bacon, David J. TI A PROBABLE CASE OF CHLOROQUINE-RESISTANT PLASMODIUM VIVAX IN THE PERUVIAN AMAZON SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Durand, Salomon; Santolalla, Meddly; Salas, Carola; Soberon, Valeria; Lucas, Carmen; Graf, Paul C.] Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. [Alvares Antonio, Carlos; Montalvan, Carmen; Galves Montoya, Mariella] Reg Hlth Directorate, Loreto, Peru. [McCollum, Andrea; Green, Michael D.; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bacon, David J.] USN, Environm & Preventat Med Unit 2, Norfolk, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 529 BP 150 EP 150 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956700527 ER PT J AU Koram, KA Fryauff, DJ Atuguba, F Hodgson, A Anyorigiya, T Asoala, V Adjuik, M Oduro, AR Richie, TL Nkrumah, F AF Koram, Kwadwo A. Fryauff, David J. Atuguba, Frank Hodgson, Abraham Anyorigiya, Thomas Asoala, Victor Adjuik, Martin Oduro, Abraham R. Richie, Thomas L. Nkrumah, Francis TI MALARIA IN THE FIRST YEARS OF LIFE AT A TIME OF BEDNET USE AND ARTESUNATE COMBINATION THERAPY IN THE KASSENA-NANKANA DISTRICT OF NORTHERN GHANA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Koram, Kwadwo A.; Nkrumah, Francis] Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Accra, Ghana. [Fryauff, David J.; Richie, Thomas L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Atuguba, Frank; Hodgson, Abraham; Anyorigiya, Thomas; Asoala, Victor; Adjuik, Martin; Oduro, Abraham R.] Navrongo Hlth Res Ctr, Navrongo, Ghana. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 549 BP 156 EP 156 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956700547 ER PT J AU Tapia, LL Chenet, SM Lucas, CM Witzig, RS Graf, PC Bacon, DJ AF Tapia, Laura L. Chenet, Stella M. Lucas, Carmen M. Witzig, Richard S. Graf, Paul C. Bacon, David J. TI EVALUATION OF CYTOKINE LEVELS AND DISEASE SEVERITY IN PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM MALARIA PATIENTS FROM THE PERUVIAN AMAZON BASIN SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Tapia, Laura L.; Lucas, Carmen M.; Graf, Paul C.] Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. [Chenet, Stella M.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA. [Witzig, Richard S.] Tulane Univ, Sch Med, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Bacon, David J.] USN, Environm & Prevent Med Unit 2, Norfolk, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 554 BP 158 EP 158 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956700552 ER PT J AU Linthicum, KJ Britch, SC Wynn, WW Clark, JW Ng'nonga, D Ngere, F Kibet, C Walker, TW Farooq, M Robinson, CA Smith, VL Dunford, JC Anyamba, A AF Linthicum, Kenneth J. Britch, Seth C. Wynn, Willard W. Clark, Jeffrey W. Ng'nonga, Daniel Ngere, Francis Kibet, Clifford Walker, Todd W. Farooq, Muhammad Robinson, Cathy A. Smith, Vincent L. Dunford, James C. Anyamba, Assaf TI INSECTICIDE TREATED CAMOUFLAGE SCREENING REDUCES SAND FLY NUMBERS IN LEISHMANIA-ENDEMIC REGIONS IN KENYA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Linthicum, Kenneth J.; Britch, Seth C.; Wynn, Willard W.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Clark, Jeffrey W.; Ng'nonga, Daniel; Ngere, Francis; Kibet, Clifford] US Army Med Res Unit Kenya, Kisumu, Kenya. [Walker, Todd W.; Farooq, Muhammad; Robinson, Cathy A.; Smith, Vincent L.; Dunford, James C.] USN, Entomol Ctr Excellence, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Anyamba, Assaf] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 578 BP 165 EP 165 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956700576 ER PT J AU Chen, HW Zhang, ZW Huber, E Mutumanje, E Chao, CC Ching, WM AF Chen, Hua-Wei Zhang, Zhiwen Huber, Erin Mutumanje, Elissa Chao, Chien-Chung Ching, Wei-Mei TI COMPARISON OF THE KINETICS AND MAGNITUDE OF ANTIBODY RESPONSES AGAINST THE CONSERVED 47 KDA ANTIGEN VERSUS THE VARIABLE 56 KDA ANTIGEN IN SCRUB TYPHUS PATIENTS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Chen, Hua-Wei; Zhang, Zhiwen; Huber, Erin; Mutumanje, Elissa; Chao, Chien-Chung; Ching, Wei-Mei] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 608 BP 173 EP 173 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956701024 ER PT J AU Soliman, A Azab, A Mohareb, E Saad, M Tjaden, J El-Mohamady, H Shuck-Lee, D Earhart, K Yingst, S AF Soliman, Atef Azab, Adel Mohareb, Emad Saad, Magdi Tjaden, Jeffrey El-Mohamady, Hanan Shuck-Lee, Deidra Earhart, Kenneth Yingst, Samuel TI FURTHER EVALUATION OF RVF MP12 LIVE-ATTENUATED VACCINE IN CATTLE AND SHEEP IN EGYPT SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Soliman, Atef; Mohareb, Emad; Saad, Magdi; Tjaden, Jeffrey; El-Mohamady, Hanan; Shuck-Lee, Deidra; Earhart, Kenneth] USN, Med Res Unit 3, New York, NY 09527 USA. [Azab, Adel] Vet Serum & Vaccine Res Inst, Cairo, Egypt. [Yingst, Samuel] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RI Shucklee, Deidra/B-8926-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 649 BP 185 EP 185 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956701065 ER PT J AU Atuguba, F Fryauff, DJ Koram, KA Anyorigiya, T Adjuik, M Ansah, P Asoala, V Oduro, AR Hodgso, A Etego, LA Nkrumah, F AF Atuguba, Frank Fryauff, David J. Koram, Kwadwo A. Anyorigiya, Thomas Adjuik, Martin Ansah, Patrick Asoala, Victor Oduro, Abraham R. Hodgso, Abraham Etego, Lucas Amenga Nkrumah, Francis TI LOW BIRTH WEIGHT, ILLNESS, AND DEATH AMONG YOUNG CHILDREN OF THE KASSENA-NANAKANA DISTRICT OF NORTHERN GHANA: WHO, WHERE, WHEN, AND SOMETIMES, WHY? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Atuguba, Frank; Anyorigiya, Thomas; Adjuik, Martin; Ansah, Patrick; Asoala, Victor; Oduro, Abraham R.; Hodgso, Abraham; Etego, Lucas Amenga] Navrongo Hlth Res Ctr, Navrongo, Ghana. [Fryauff, David J.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Koram, Kwadwo A.] Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Accra, Ghana. [Nkrumah, Francis] Navrongo Hlth Res Ctr, Accra, Ghana. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S BP 192 EP 192 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956701085 ER PT J AU Mansour, AM Hafez, A Shaheen, HI El Alkamy, S Hassan, K Riddle, M Sanders, J Armstrong, A Kandeel, A El Sayed, N AF Mansour, Adel M. Hafez, A. Shaheen, Hind I. El Alkamy, S. Hassan, Khaled Riddle, Mark Sanders, John Armstrong, Adam Kandeel, A. El Sayed, Nasr TI BURDEN OF ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI (ETEC) DIARRHEA AMONG CHILDREN LESS THAN TWO YEARS IN A RURAL EGYPTIAN COMMUNITY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Mansour, Adel M.; Shaheen, Hind I.; Hassan, Khaled] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Hafez, A.; El Alkamy, S.; Kandeel, A.; El Sayed, Nasr] Minist Hlth Cairo, Cairo, Egypt. [Riddle, Mark; Armstrong, Adam] USN, Med Res Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. [Sanders, John] US Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. RI Riddle, Mark/A-8029-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 712 BP 205 EP 205 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956701128 ER PT J AU Rivera, FP Bernal, M Ochoa, TJ Meza, R Barletta, F Mercado, E Riveros, M Cepeda, D Maves, RC Hall, ER Svennerholm, AM Lanata, CF AF Rivera, Fulton P. Bernal, Maria Ochoa, Theresa J. Meza, Rina Barletta, Francesca Mercado, Erik Riveros, Maribel Cepeda, David Maves, Ryan C. Hall, Eric R. Svennerholm, Ann-Mari Lanata, Claudio F. TI IDENTIFICATION OF COLONIZATION FACTOR ANTIGEN IN NON-ENTEROTOXIGENIC E. COLI STRAINS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Rivera, Fulton P.; Ochoa, Theresa J.; Barletta, Francesca; Mercado, Erik; Riveros, Maribel] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. [Bernal, Maria; Meza, Rina; Cepeda, David; Maves, Ryan C.] US Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. [Hall, Eric R.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Svennerholm, Ann-Mari] Gothenburg Univ, Gothenburg, Sweden. [Lanata, Claudio F.] Inst Invest Nutr, Lima, Peru. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 713 BP 205 EP 205 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956701129 ER PT J AU Yarina, TR Myers, TE Lee, JS O'Guinn, ML Tsertsvadze, N Vephkhvadze, N Babuadze, G Sidamonidze, K Kokhreidze, M Donduashvili, M Richards, AL AF Yarina, Tamasin R. Myers, Todd E. Lee, John S. O'Guinn, Monica L. Tsertsvadze, Nicolas Vephkhvadze, Nino Babuadze, Giorgi Sidamonidze, Ketevan Kokhreidze, Maka Donduashvili, Marina Richards, Allen L. TI SURVEILLANCE OF RICKETTSIAL PATHOGENS ISOLATED FROM TICKS IN THE REPUBLIC OF GEORGIA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Yarina, Tamasin R.; Myers, Todd E.; Richards, Allen L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [O'Guinn, Monica L.] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. [Tsertsvadze, Nicolas; Babuadze, Giorgi; Sidamonidze, Ketevan] Natl Ctr Dis Control, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Vephkhvadze, Nino; Kokhreidze, Maka; Donduashvili, Marina] Lab Minist Agr, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 754 BP 218 EP 218 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956701170 ER PT J AU Maves, RC Cepeda, D Gregory, MJ Bernal, M Burga, R Vasquez, J Perez, J Aguayo, N Ocana, VR Gotuzzo, E Hall, ER Kochel, TJ AF Maves, Ryan C. Cepeda, David Gregory, Michael J. Bernal, Maria Burga, Rosa Vasquez, Jessica Perez, Juan Aguayo, Nicolas Ocana, Victor R. Gotuzzo, Eduardo Hall, Eric R. Kochel, Tadeusz J. TI ETIOLOGY OF FEBRILE DIARRHEA IN PERU AND PARAGUAY, 2001-2009 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Maves, Ryan C.; Cepeda, David; Gregory, Michael J.; Bernal, Maria; Perez, Juan; Kochel, Tadeusz J.] US Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. [Burga, Rosa; Vasquez, Jessica] US Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Iquitos, Peru. [Aguayo, Nicolas] Rayos Sol, Asuncion, Paraguay. [Ocana, Victor R.] Ctr Salud & 4 Pachitea, Piura, Peru. [Gotuzzo, Eduardo] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. [Hall, Eric R.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 768 BP 222 EP 222 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956701184 ER PT J AU Gutteridge, CE Sadowski, BW Baxter, MC O'Neil, MT McCalmont, WF Gerena, L AF Gutteridge, Clare E. Sadowski, Brett W. Baxter, Michael C. O'Neil, Michael T. McCalmont, William F. Gerena, Lucia TI IDENTIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL CHEMICAL SERIES WITH ACTIVITY AGAINST BOTH BLOOD- AND LIVER-STAGES OF PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Gutteridge, Clare E.; Sadowski, Brett W.; Baxter, Michael C.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [O'Neil, Michael T.; McCalmont, William F.; Gerena, Lucia] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S BP 251 EP 251 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956701289 ER PT J AU Graf, PC Mundal, KD Lucas, CM Bacon, DJ Espinosa, BJ Alvarado, A Vadivia, RS Campos, LJ Gonzales, RG Olaya, WV Suclupe, EP Ockenhouse, CF Richie, TL Fryauff, DJ AF Graf, Paul C. Mundal, Kirk D. Lucas, Carmen M. Bacon, David J. Espinosa, Benjamin J. Alvarado, Arturo Santillan Vadivia, Rosa Jimenez Campos, Lourdes Garrido Gonzales, Rommel Vegas Olaya, Walter Pozo Suclupe, Edwar Ockenhouse, Chris F. Richie, Thomas L. Fryauff, David J. TI ENTOMOLOGICAL SUPPORT FROM PERU TOWARD DEVELOPMENT OF A SAFE AND REPRODUCIBLE PLASMODIUM VIVAX CHALLENGE SYSTEM IN THE US MILITARY MALARIA VACCINE PROGRAM SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Graf, Paul C.; Mundal, Kirk D.; Lucas, Carmen M.; Bacon, David J.; Espinosa, Benjamin J.] Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. [Alvarado, Arturo; Santillan Vadivia, Rosa; Vegas Olaya, Walter; Pozo Suclupe, Edwar] Sub Reg Hlth Luciano Castillo Colonna, Sullana, Peru. [Jimenez Campos, Lourdes; Garrido Gonzales, Rommel] Bellavista Hlth Ctr, Sullana, Peru. [Ockenhouse, Chris F.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Richie, Thomas L.; Fryauff, David J.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 942 BP 271 EP 272 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956701356 ER PT J AU Thomas, NM Epstein, J Chakravarty, S Hoffman, SL AF Thomas, Nicole M. Epstein, Judith Chakravarty, Sumana Hoffman, Stephen L. TI ROUTES OF MALARIA VACCINE AND CHALLENGE ADMINISTRATION: TRANSITION FROM MOSQUITO TO NEEDLE AND SYRINGE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Thomas, Nicole M.; Epstein, Judith] USN, Med Res Ctr, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Chakravarty, Sumana; Hoffman, Stephen L.] Sanaria Inc, Rockville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 941 BP 271 EP 271 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956701355 ER PT J AU Aguiar, JC Bolton, J Wanga, J Urquhart, A Sacci, JB Limbach, K Tsuboi, T Ockenhouse, C Richie, TL AF Aguiar, Joao Carlos Bolton, Jessica Wanga, Joyce Urquhart, AnneMarie Sacci, John B. Limbach, Keith Tsuboi, Takafumi Ockenhouse, Chris Richie, Thomas L. TI DISCOVERING NOVEL PRE-ERYTHROCYTIC ANTIGENS FOR MALARIA VACCINES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Aguiar, Joao Carlos; Bolton, Jessica; Wanga, Joyce; Limbach, Keith; Richie, Thomas L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Urquhart, AnneMarie; Ockenhouse, Chris] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Sacci, John B.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Tsuboi, Takafumi] Ehime Univ, Cell Free Sci & Technol Res Ctr, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 1009 BP 290 EP 291 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956701423 ER PT J AU Chuang, I Prachumsri, J Fryauff, D Murphy, J Saunders, D Richardson, J Tosh, D Williams, J Bethell, D Richie, TL Ware, L Spring, M Fukuda, M Tamminga, C Cummings, J Kathcart, A Yadava, A Komisar, J O'Neil, M Polhemus, M Ockenhouse, CF AF Chuang, Ilin Prachumsri, Jetsumon Fryauff, David Murphy, Jitta Saunders, David Richardson, Jason Tosh, Donna Williams, Jack Bethell, Delia Richie, Thomas L. Ware, Lisa Spring, Michele Fukuda, Mark Tamminga, Cindy Cummings, James Kathcart, April Yadava, Anjali Komisar, Jack O'Neil, Mike Polhemus, Mark Ockenhouse, Christian F. TI DEVELOPMENT OF A SAFE AND REPRODUCIBLE HUMAN SPOROZOITE CHALLENGE MODEL FOR PLASMODIUM VIVAX IN HEALTHY ADULTS IN THE UNITED STATES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Chuang, Ilin; Fryauff, David; Richie, Thomas L.; Tamminga, Cindy] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Prachumsri, Jetsumon; Saunders, David; Richardson, Jason; Bethell, Delia; Fukuda, Mark] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Murphy, Jitta; Tosh, Donna; Williams, Jack; Ware, Lisa; Spring, Michele; Cummings, James; Kathcart, April; Yadava, Anjali; Komisar, Jack; O'Neil, Mike; Polhemus, Mark; Ockenhouse, Christian F.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RI Richardson, Jason/A-9441-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 1079 BP 311 EP 312 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956701493 ER PT J AU Tamminga, C Sedegah, M Chuang, I Regis, D Epstein, JE Spring, M Mendoza-Silveiras, J Steinbeiss, V Fedders, C Reyes, S Parekh, F Williams, F Smith, K Maiolatesi, S Doolan, DL Limbach, K Patterson, NB Bruder, J King, CR Soisson, L Diggs, C Ockenhouse, C Richie, TL AF Tamminga, C. Sedegah, M. Chuang, I. Regis, D. Epstein, J. E. Spring, M. Mendoza-Silveiras, J. Steinbeiss, V. Fedders, C. Reyes, S. Parekh, F. Williams, F. Smith, K. Maiolatesi, S. Doolan, D. L. Limbach, K. Patterson, N. B. Bruder, J. King, C. R. Soisson, L. Diggs, C. Ockenhouse, C. Richie, T. L. TI SAFETY, TOLERABILITY, IMMUNOGENICITY AND PROTECTIVE EFFICACY OF AN ADENOVIRUS-VECTORED PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM MALARIA VACCINE IN HEALTHY, MALARIA-NAIVE ADULTS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 18-22, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Tamminga, C.; Sedegah, M.; Chuang, I.; Regis, D.; Epstein, J. E.; Spring, M.; Mendoza-Silveiras, J.; Steinbeiss, V.; Fedders, C.; Reyes, S.; Parekh, F.; Smith, K.; Maiolatesi, S.; Doolan, D. L.; Limbach, K.; Patterson, N. B.; Ockenhouse, C.; Richie, T. L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Williams, F.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Bruder, J.; King, C. R.] GenVec Inc, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Soisson, L.; Diggs, C.] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. RI Doolan, Denise/F-1969-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 SU S MA 1078 BP 311 EP 311 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WK UT WOS:000271956701492 ER PT J AU Herrera, S Fernandez, O Manzano, MR Murrain, B Vergara, J Blanco, P Palacios, R Velez, JD Epstein, JE Chen-Mok, M Reed, ZH Arevalo-Herrera, M AF Herrera, Socrates Fernandez, Olga Manzano, Maria R. Murrain, Bermans Vergara, Juana Blanco, Pedro Palacios, Ricardo Velez, Juan D. Epstein, Judith E. Chen-Mok, Mario Reed, Zarifah H. Arevalo-Herrera, Myriam TI Case Report: Successful Sporozoite Challenge Model in Human Volunteers with Plasmodium vivax Strain Derived from Human Donors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN MALARIA; FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; ANOPHELES-ALBIMANUS; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; AOTUS MONKEYS; VACCINE; PROTEIN; MOSQUITOS; IMMUNOGENICITY; EXPRESSION AB Successful establishment of a Plasmodium vivax sporozoite challenge model in humans is described. Eighteen healthy adult, malaria-naive volunteers were randomly allocated to Groups A-C and exposed to 3 +/- 1, 6 +/- 1, and 9 +/- 1 bites of Anopheles albimanus mosquitoes infected with P vivax, respectively. Seventeen volunteers developed signs and symptoms consistent with malaria, and geometric mean prepatent periods of 11.1 days (9.3-11) for Group A; 10.8 days (9.8-11.9) for Group B; and 10.6 days (8.7-12.4) for Group C, with no statistically significant difference among groups (Kruskal-Wallis, P = 0.70). One volunteer exposed to eight mosquito bites did not develop a parasitemia. No differences in parasite density were observed and all individuals successfully recovered after anti-malarial treatment. None of the volunteers developed parasite relapses within an 18-month follow-up. In conclusion, malaria-naive volunteers can be safely and reproducibly infected with bites of 2-10 An. albimanus mosquitoes carrying P vivax. sporozoites. This challenge method is suitable for vaccine and anti-malarial drug testing. C1 [Herrera, Socrates; Fernandez, Olga; Murrain, Bermans; Vergara, Juana; Blanco, Pedro; Arevalo-Herrera, Myriam] Ctr Int Vacunas, Cali 26020, Colombia. [Herrera, Socrates; Fernandez, Olga; Murrain, Bermans; Vergara, Juana; Blanco, Pedro; Arevalo-Herrera, Myriam] Univ Valle, Fac Salud, Inst Inmunol, Cali 25574, Colombia. [Manzano, Maria R.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Ciencias Agr, Palmira 2253, Colombia. [Palacios, Ricardo] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Div Infect Dis, BR-04002400 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Velez, Juan D.] Fdn Clin Valle Lili, Cali 020338, Colombia. [Epstein, Judith E.] USN, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Med Res Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. USN, Malaria Program, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Chen-Mok, Mario] Family Hlth Int, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Reed, Zarifah H.] Reg Emerging Dis Intervent REDI Ctr, Singapore 138670, Singapore. WHO, Initiat Vaccine Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Herrera, S (reprint author), Ctr Int Vacunas, Cali 26020, Colombia. EM sherrera@inmuno.org; olgalufe@yahoo.com; mrmanzano@palmira.unal.edu.co; ber_mansmurrain@yahoo.com; jvergara@inmuno.org; pblancot@gmail.com; ricardopalacios@gmx.net; jdvelez@telesat.com.co; mchen@fhi.org; zareed@redi.org.sg; marevalo@inmuno.org RI Manzano, Maria/D-3955-2011; OI Manzano, Maria/0000-0002-0858-2426 FU World Health Organization Initiative for Vaccine Research [LA35735G]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases NIAID [AI49486-05/TMRC]; Colombian National Research Council; COLCIENCIAS; Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center Foundation FX This work was supported by World Health Organization Initiative for Vaccine Research (grant no. LA35735G), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID grant no. AI49486-05/TMRC), Colombian National Research Council, COLCIENCIAS, and the Malaria Vaccine and Drug Development Center Foundation. The contribution of U.S. Navy staff was supported by Work Unit Number 6000.RAD1.F.A309. NR 26 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 81 IS 5 BP 740 EP 746 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2009.09-0194 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 521WI UT WOS:000271956500003 PM 19861603 ER PT J AU Kelso, JM Lin, FL AF Kelso, John M. Lin, Fang L. TI SKIN TESTING FOR SCOMBROID POISONING SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID HISTAMINE C1 [Kelso, John M.] Scripps Clin, Div Allergy Asthma & Immunol, San Diego, CA USA. [Lin, Fang L.] USN, Div Allergy, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Kelso, JM (reprint author), Scripps Clin, Div Allergy Asthma & Immunol, San Diego, CA USA. EM kelso.john@scrippshealth.org NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 103 IS 5 BP 447 EP 447 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 521IE UT WOS:000271913400017 PM 19927547 ER PT J AU Seely, JF Kjomrattanawanich, B Bremer, JC Kowalski, M Feng, Y AF Seely, John F. Kjomrattanawanich, Benjawan Bremer, James C. Kowalski, Michael Feng, Yan TI Radiometry and metrology of a phase zone plate measured by extreme ultraviolet synchrotron radiation SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-CONSTANTS AB The diffraction efficiency, focal length, and other radiometric and metrology properties of a phase zone plate were measured by using monochromatic synchrotron radiation in the 7-18.5 nm wavelength range. The zone plate was composed of molybdenum zones having a 4 mm outer diameter and 70 nm nominal thickness and supported on a 100 nm thick silicon nitride membrane. The diffraction efficiency was enhanced by the phase shift of the radiation passing through the zones. The measured first-order efficiency was in good agreement with the calculated efficiency. The properties of the zone plate, particularly the small variation of the efficiency with off-axis angle, make it suitable for use in a radiometer to accurately measure the absolutely calibrated extreme ultraviolet emission from the Sun. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Seely, John F.; Kowalski, Michael] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kjomrattanawanich, Benjawan] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Beamline X24C, Univ Space Res Assoc, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Bremer, James C.] Res Support Instruments Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Feng, Yan] Xradia Inc, Concord, CA 94596 USA. RP Seely, JF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.seely@nrl.navy.mil FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNH09A-K12I]; Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) grant NNH09A-K12I and by the Office of Naval Research. We thank Michael Feser and Alan Lyon of Xradia Inc. for valuable discussions. We thank Glenn Holland for expert technical assistance. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD NOV 1 PY 2009 VL 48 IS 31 BP 5970 EP 5977 DI 10.1364/AO.48.005970 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 514DH UT WOS:000271374000038 PM 19881664 ER PT J AU Auyeung, RCY Kim, H Birnbaum, AJ Zalalutdinov, M Mathews, SA Pique, A AF Auyeung, R. C. Y. Kim, H. Birnbaum, A. J. Zalalutdinov, M. Mathews, S. A. Pique, A. TI Laser decal transfer of freestanding microcantilevers and microbridges SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID PROPERTY MEASUREMENT AB Freestanding silver microcantilevers and microbridges were fabricated over trenches in Si substrates by the laser decal transfer process without the use of sacrificial layers or subsequent etch processes. Single laser pulses (355 nm, 30 ns FWHM) were used to directly transfer 200 nm thick silver nanopaste layers (5 ?m widex25 ?m long) over prepatterned Si substrates with 15 ?m wide trenches. By adjusting the position of the laser spot over the substrate, it was possible to directly deposit freestanding microcantilevers 7 to 9 ?m in length or 15-?m long microbridges over the trenches. Subsequent oven curing at 250A degrees C resulted in sintering of the Ag nanoparticles without greatly affecting the shape and form of the transfers. Laser vibrometry experiments yielded fundamental resonance frequencies in vacuum of ?1-2 MHz for the microcantilevers and ?3 MHz for the microbridges. The fitted Q-factors averaged 1500 for the microcantilevers and 1400 for the microbridges. Overall, the measured resonances of the microbridges deviated from theoretical predictions in a manner suggesting a tensile residual stress state. C1 [Auyeung, R. C. Y.; Kim, H.; Birnbaum, A. J.; Zalalutdinov, M.; Mathews, S. A.; Pique, A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pique, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM pique@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 15 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 97 IS 3 BP 513 EP 519 DI 10.1007/s00339-009-5433-6 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 515NY UT WOS:000271480300001 ER PT J AU Huber, AR Shikle, JF AF Huber, Aaron R. Shikle, James F. TI Benign Fibroblastic Polyps of the Colon SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS; PERINEURIOMA; MUCOSAL; RECTUM AB Benign fibroblastic polyps of the colon are a recently described entity among mucosal polyps found in the colorectum. These polyps are typically discovered on routine screening colonoscopy within the distal colon. Benign fibroblastic polyps occur most commonly in adult women in the sixth decade of life. Histologically, benign fibroblastic polyps are bland spindle cell lesions that fill the lamina propria and displace the surrounding crypts. The spindle cell proliferation lacks atypia and significant mitotic activity. Hyperplastic changes are frequently present both in the adjacent epithelium and within the lesions. Immunohistochemically, the cells of benign fibroblastic polyps are invariably positive for vimentin with rare focal positivity for CD34 and smooth muscle actin. They are negative for CD117 and S100 protein. Ultrastructurally, benign fibroblastic polyps have features of fibroblastic differentiation. These polyps are benign with no reports, to our knowledge, of recurrence or metastasis. (Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2009; 133: 1872-1876) C1 [Shikle, James F.] Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. [Huber, Aaron R.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Shikle, JF (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, 300 Hosp Rd, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM jfshikle@yahoo.com NR 15 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 133 IS 11 BP 1872 EP 1876 PG 5 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 520WP UT WOS:000271880500022 PM 19886727 ER PT J AU Camilo, F Ray, PS Ransom, SM Burgay, M Johnson, TJ Kerr, M Gotthelf, EV Halpern, JP Reynolds, J Romani, RW Demorest, P Johnston, S van Straten, W Parkinson, PMS Ziegler, M Dormody, M Thompson, DJ Smith, DA Harding, AK Abdo, AA Crawford, F Freire, PCC Keith, M Kramer, M Roberts, MSE Weltevrede, P Wood, KS AF Camilo, F. Ray, P. S. Ransom, S. M. Burgay, M. Johnson, T. J. Kerr, M. Gotthelf, E. V. Halpern, J. P. Reynolds, J. Romani, R. W. Demorest, P. Johnston, S. van Straten, W. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Ziegler, M. Dormody, M. Thompson, D. J. Smith, D. A. Harding, A. K. Abdo, A. A. Crawford, F. Freire, P. C. C. Keith, M. Kramer, M. Roberts, M. S. E. Weltevrede, P. Wood, K. S. TI RADIO DETECTION OF LAT PSRs J1741-2054 AND J2032+4127: NO LONGER JUST GAMMA-RAY PULSARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: observations; ISM: individual (TeV J2032+4130); open clusters and associations: individual (Cyg OB2); pulsars: individual (PSR J1741-2054, PSR J2032+4127); X-rays: individual (Swift J174157.6-205411) ID SOURCE TEV J2032+4130; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; X-RAY; CYGNUS OB2; SOURCE TEV-J2032+4130; CYG-OB2 ASSOCIATION; SPACE-TELESCOPE; MASSIVE STARS; NEUTRON-STAR; LIGHT CURVES AB Sixteen pulsars have been discovered so far in blind searches of photons collected with the Large Area Telescope on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. We here report the discovery of radio pulsations from two of them. PSR J1741-2054, with period P = 413 ms, was detected in archival Parkes telescope data and subsequently has been detected at the Green Bank Telescope (GBT). Its received flux varies greatly due to interstellar scintillation and it has a very small dispersion measure of DM = 4.7 pc cm(-3), implying a distance of approximate to 0.4 kpc and possibly the smallest luminosity of any known radio pulsar. At this distance, for isotropic emission, its gamma-ray luminosity above 0.1 GeV corresponds to 28% of the spin-down luminosity of (E) over dot = 9.4 x 10(33) erg s(-1). The gamma-ray profile occupies 1/3 of pulse phase and has three closely spaced peaks with the first peak lagging the radio pulse by delta = 0.29 P. We have also identified a soft Swift source that is the likely X-ray counterpart. In many respects PSR J1741-2054 resembles the Geminga pulsar. The second source, PSR J2032+4127, was detected at the GBT. It has P = 143 ms, and its DM = 115 pc cm(-3) suggests a distance of approximate to 3.6 kpc, but we consider it likely that it is located within the Cyg OB2 stellar association at half that distance. The radio emission is nearly 100% linearly polarized, and the main radio peak precedes by delta = 0.15 P the first of two narrow gamma-ray peaks that are separated by Delta = 0.50 P. The second peak has a harder spectrum than the first one, following a trend observed in young gamma-ray pulsars. Faint, diffuse X-ray emission in a Chandra image is possibly its pulsar wind nebula. The wind of PSR J2032+4127 is responsible for the formerly unidentified HEGRA source TeV J2032+4130. PSR J2032+4127 is coincident in projection with MT91 213, a Be star in Cyg OB2, although apparently not a binary companion of it. C1 [Camilo, F.; Gotthelf, E. V.; Halpern, J. P.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Ray, P. S.; Abdo, A. A.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ransom, S. M.; Demorest, P.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Burgay, M.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, I-09012 Capoterra, Italy. [Johnson, T. J.; Thompson, D. J.; Harding, A. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Johnson, T. J.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kerr, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Reynolds, J.; Johnston, S.; Keith, M.; Weltevrede, P.] CSIRO, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Reynolds, J.] Parkes Observ, CSIRO, Parkes, NSW 2870, Australia. [Romani, R. W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [van Straten, W.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. [Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.; Dormody, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.; Dormody, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Smith, D. A.] Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, IN2P3, CNRS, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Crawford, F.] Franklin & Marshall Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Lancaster, PA 17604 USA. [Freire, P. C. C.] Arecibo Observ, NAIC, Arecibo, PR 00612 USA. [Kramer, M.] MPIfR, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Kramer, M.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Roberts, M. S. E.] Eureka Sci Inc, Oakland, CA 94602 USA. RP Camilo, F (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. RI Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; OI Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; Burgay, Marta/0000-0002-8265-4344; Roberts, Mallory/0000-0002-9396-9720; Ransom, Scott/0000-0001-5799-9714; van Straten, Willem/0000-0003-2519-7375; Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 FU CSIRO; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden FX Facilities: CXO (ACIS-I), Fermi (LAT), GBT (BCPM, GUPPI), Hiltner (RETROCAM), Parkes (PMDAQ), Swift (XRT) NR 70 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2009 VL 705 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/705/1/1 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 508CA UT WOS:000270903200001 ER PT J AU Behr, BB Hajian, AR Cenko, AT Murison, M McMillan, RS Hindsley, R Meade, J AF Behr, Bradford B. Hajian, Arsen R. Cenko, Andrew T. Murison, Marc McMillan, Robert S. Hindsley, Robert Meade, Jeff TI STELLAR ASTROPHYSICS WITH A DISPERSED FOURIER TRANSFORM SPECTROGRAPH. I. INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION AND ORBITS OF SINGLE-LINED SPECTROSCOPIC BINARIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: spectroscopic; instrumentation: spectrographs; techniques: radial velocities ID PRECISION RADIAL-VELOCITIES; ECHELLE SPECTROGRAPH; ASTROMETRIC ORBITS; SUPER-EARTH; STARS; PARAMETERS; CATALOG; SEARCH; SYSTEM; CELL AB We have designed and constructed a second-generation version of the dispersed Fourier transform spectrograph, or dFTS. This instrument combines a spectral interferometer with a dispersive spectrograph to provide high-accuracy, high-resolution optical spectra of stellar targets. The new version, dFTS2, is based upon the design of our prototype, with several modifications to improve the system throughput and performance. We deployed dFTS2 to the Steward Observatory 2.3 m Bok Telescope from 2007 June to 2008 June, and undertook an observing program on spectroscopic binary stars, with the goal of constraining the velocity amplitude K of the binary orbits with 0.1% accuracy, a significant improvement over most of the orbits reported in the literature. We present results for radial velocity reference stars and orbit solutions for single-lined spectroscopic binaries. C1 [Behr, Bradford B.; Hajian, Arsen R.; Cenko, Andrew T.; Meade, Jeff] Univ Waterloo, Dept Syst Design Engn, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Behr, Bradford B.] Eureka Sci, Oakland, CA 94602 USA. [Murison, Marc] USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [McMillan, Robert S.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Hindsley, Robert] USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Behr, BB (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Dept Syst Design Engn, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2009 VL 705 IS 1 BP 543 EP 553 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/705/1/543 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 508CA UT WOS:000270903200045 ER PT J AU Taylor, MK Mujica-Parodi, LR Potterat, EG Momen, N Ward, MDD Padilla, GA Markham, AE Evans, KE AF Taylor, Marcus K. Mujica-Parodi, Lilianne R. Potterat, Eric G. Momen, Nausheen Ward, Michael D. Dial Padilla, Genieleah A. Markham, Amanda E. Evans, Katherine E. TI Anger Expression and Stress Responses in Military Men SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE stress; survival; evasion; PTSD ID UNCONTROLLABLE STRESS; TRAUMA EXPOSURE; NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; SYMPTOMS; PERFORMANCE; CORTISOL; DISSOCIATION; ANXIETY; ASSOCIATIONS; DEPLOYMENT AB TAYLOR MK, MUJICA-PARODI LR, POTTTERAI EG, MOMEN N, DIAL WARD MD, PADILLA GA, MARKHAM AE, EVANS KE. Anger expression and stress responses in military men. Aviat Space Environ Med 2009; 80:962-7. Introduction: A better understanding of individual differences in the human stress response may enhance prevention and treatment of operational stress reactions In this study, we examined the relationships of anger experience and expression to stress indices during daily living and ill response to military survival training in 4.5 men Methods. Prior to participation in survival training, subjects completed self-report measures of perceived stress and anger. The revised Impact of Event Scale was then administered 24 h after the conclusion of training. Results: As expected, outward anger expression was positively associated with perceived stress during free living (P < 0 0125) outward anger expression, inward anger expression, and angry temperament then combined to account for 25%, of the variance in psychological impact of a stressful mock-captivity challenge Conclusion: Anger characteristics are associated with human stress endpoints, both during daily living and in response to all ecologically valid stressor These findings may assist in the prevention and treatment of operational stress reactions. C1 [Taylor, Marcus K.] USN, Aerosp Med Res Lab, Operat Stress & Resilience Program, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA. [Mujica-Parodi, Lilianne R.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biomed Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Potterat, Eric G.] USN, Special Warfare Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Momen, Nausheen; Padilla, Genieleah A.; Markham, Amanda E.; Evans, Katherine E.] USN, Dept 162, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Ward, Michael D. Dial] Learning Site SERE W, Ctr Secur Forces, San Diego, CA USA. RP Taylor, MK (reprint author), USN, Aerosp Med Res Lab, Operat Stress & Resilience Program, 280 Fred Bauer St, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA. OI Mujica-Parodi, Lilianne/0000-0002-3752-5519 FU Office of Naval Research Stress Physiology and Force Health Protection Programs FX This study was supported by grants from the Office of Naval Research Stress Physiology and Force Health Protection Programs. All opinions expressed in this article, report, etc are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect upon the official Policy of the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Department of the Navy, or Department of Defense. Thus research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 80 IS 11 BP 962 EP 967 DI 10.3357/ASEM.2536.2009 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 512RI UT WOS:000271267500007 PM 19911520 ER PT J AU Alford, JS AF Alford, Joseph S. TI Principles of Bioprocess Control SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PROGRESS LA English DT Article C1 [Alford, Joseph S.] Eli Lilly & Co, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Alford, Joseph S.] USN, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 3 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5901 USA SN 0360-7275 J9 CHEM ENG PROG JI Chem. Eng. Prog. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 105 IS 11 BP 44 EP 51 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 522JI UT WOS:000271993400020 ER PT J AU Pearson, JD Gao, GT Zikry, MA Harrison, JA AF Pearson, James D. Gao, Guangtu Zikry, Mohammed A. Harrison, Judith A. TI Nanoindentation of model diamond nanocomposites: Hierarchical molecular dynamics and finite-element simulations SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Molecular dynamics (MD); Finite-element (FE); Simulations; Nanoindentation; Nanocomposite; Model nanocomposite diamond; Hierarchical MD-FE modeling; Surface roughness; Diamond grains ID ATOMISTIC MECHANISMS; THIN-FILMS; ULTRANANOCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND; DISLOCATION NUCLEATION; CONTINUUM METHOD; LENGTH SCALES; INDENTATION; SILICON; DEFORMATION; SURFACES AB Complementary molecular dynamics (MD) and finite-element (FE) simulations of model diamond nanocomposites (MDN) subjected to nanoindentation were undertaken to understand how contact behavior pertaining to the surface morphology of MDN surfaces can be spanned from the molecular to the continuum scale. The MD simulations determined that the behavior inside the contact region is influenced by atomic-scale features on the tip and surface, indent location, grain tilt and roughness of the MDN surfaces. In addition, if the atomic-scale surface morphology is treated as a surface roughness within the FE simulations, the same grain orientations, and similar elastic properties are used for both MD and FE simulations, there is reasonable agreement between the contact pressures for relatively low indentation loads and shallow substrates. For larger loads, the contact pressures from the FE simulations deviate somewhat from the MD results near the center of the contact. The contact behavior for length scales that are prohibitive for MD models (e.g., deep substrates) was also examined using FE simulations. This allowed for a detailed investigation of how contact conditions and stick-slip events within the contact evolve as a function of contact pressure and continuum surface stresses. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gao, Guangtu; Harrison, Judith A.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Pearson, James D.; Zikry, Mohammed A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Harrison, JA (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM jah@usna.edu RI Gao, Guangtu/F-4541-2012 FU Air Force office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [F1ATA09086G003]; AFOSR [F1ATA09086G002]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-09-WR20155] FX JDP, MAZ, GAO, and JAH acknowledge support from the Air Force office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) as part of the Extreme Friction MURI (Contract No. F1ATA09086G003). JAH also acknowledges partial support from AFOSR under Contract No. F1ATA09086G002 and the Office of Naval Research (Contract No. N00014-09-WR20155). NR 68 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 EI 1879-0801 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 47 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2009.06.007 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 524OG UT WOS:000272152000001 ER PT J AU Ray, R Lee, J Little, B AF Ray, R. Lee, J. Little, B. TI Factors Contributing to Corrosion of Steel Pilings in Duluth-Superior Harbor SO CORROSION LA English DT Article DE bacteria; carbon steel; corrosion; Duluth-Superior Harbor; microbiologically influenced corrosion; pilings ID MICROBIOLOGICALLY INFLUENCED CORROSION; BACTERIOGENIC IRON-OXIDES; WATER CORROSION; LAKE-SUPERIOR; COPPER; SEDIMENT; SYSTEMS; GROWTH AB Field observations and laboratory testing were used to conclude that aggressive localized corrosion of carbon steel pilings in Duluth-Superior Harbor, Minnesota and Wisconsin, is caused by the following sequence of biological, chemical. and physical events. Iron-oxidizing bacteria colonize the carbon steel sheet pilings and produce tubercles, made up of intact and/or partly degraded remains of bacterial cells mixed with amorphous hydrous ferric oxides. The reducing conditions beneath the tubercles cause copper dissolved in the water to precipitate. A galvanic couple is established between the copper layer and the iron substratum. Ice scouring breaks the tubercles. Exposure of the copper-covered iron to oxygen causes the galvanic current to increase. The result is aggressive localized corrosion. C1 [Ray, R.; Lee, J.; Little, B.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Lee, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7332, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM jason.lee@nrlssc.navy.mil FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Detroit District [0601153N] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Detroit District, Duluth Seaway Port Authority, and NRL 6.1 Program Element number 0601153N. XRD data were collected by A. Falster, MicroBeam Laboratory in the Department of Geology and Geophysics at the University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana. TEM images were obtained by K. Curry, Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi. NRL Publication number JA 7330/09/9285. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL ASSOC CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0010-9312 J9 CORROSION JI Corrosion PD NOV PY 2009 VL 65 IS 11 BP 707 EP 717 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 518HX UT WOS:000271682900001 ER PT J AU Nelson, AP Parrish, DA Cambrea, LR Baldwin, LC Trivedi, NJ Mulfort, KL Farha, OK Hupp, JT AF Nelson, Andrew P. Parrish, Damon A. Cambrea, Lee R. Baldwin, Lawrence C. Trivedi, Nirupam J. Mulfort, Karen L. Farha, Omar K. Hupp, Joseph T. TI Crystal to Crystal Guest Exchange in a Mixed Ligand Metal-Organic Framework SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN LA English DT Article ID MN2+ COORDINATION SITES; HYDROGEN STORAGE; SORPTION PROPERTIES; ADSORPTION; BINDING; SEPARATION; CATALYSIS; POLYMERS; SOLIDS; MIL-53 AB The occluded solvent in a mixed ligand metal-organic framework has been displaced by n-hexanol, chloroform, and nitrobenzene in a crystal to crystal guest exchange. The X-ray structures of the three new solvent addticts of Zn(2)NDC(2)DPNI(2) reveal the complete replacement of N',N-dimethylformamide with the new guest. Structural changes to the framework geometry in response to the size of the incoming guest are also exhibited. These new frameworks are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis coupled with infrared spectroscopy, and cross-polarization magic angle spinning NMR. C1 [Nelson, Andrew P.; Cambrea, Lee R.; Baldwin, Lawrence C.; Trivedi, Nirupam J.] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Parrish, Damon A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mulfort, Karen L.; Farha, Omar K.; Hupp, Joseph T.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Mulfort, Karen L.; Farha, Omar K.; Hupp, Joseph T.] Northwestern Univ, Int Inst Nanotechnol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Nelson, AP (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM andrew.p.nelson@navy.mil RI Hupp, Joseph/K-8844-2012; Farha, Omar/B-5512-2014 OI Hupp, Joseph/0000-0003-3982-9812; Farha, Omar/0000-0002-9904-9845 FU NAVAIR ILTR program; N*Star program (Naval S&T for America's Readiness); DTRA; U.S. Dept. of Energy; Northwestern NSEC FX This work was sponsored by the NAVAIR ILTR program, managed at ONR by the N*Star program (Naval S&T for America's Readiness). Work at Northwestern was sponsored by DTRA, the U.S. Dept. of Energy, and the Northwestern NSEC. NR 36 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 6 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1528-7483 J9 CRYST GROWTH DES JI Cryst. Growth Des. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 9 IS 11 BP 4588 EP 4591 DI 10.1021/cg900735n PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA 512TG UT WOS:000271272900003 ER PT J AU Porter, CK Tribble, DR Halvorson, H Putnam, SD Sanders, JW Riddle, MS AF Porter, Chad K. Tribble, David R. Halvorson, Heather Putnam, Shannon D. Sanders, John W. Riddle, Mark S. TI Cross-sectional survey of anthrax vaccine coverage and KAP among deployed US military SO HUMAN VACCINES LA English DT Article DE anthrax; vaccine; attitudes; military; questionnaire ID SERVICE MEMBERS; ARMED-FORCES; IMMUNIZATION; SURVEILLANCE; HEALTH AB The recently refocused effort on anthrax (AVA) vaccination has been the source of much ethical and legal deliberation. However, the factors affecting one's decision to receive any or all of the vaccine doses are poorly understood. Using a self-administered questionnaire, we sought to evaluate AVA coverage among a cross-section of deployed active duty US military personnel and identify factors associated with receipt of the vaccine. A questionnaire was distributed to U. S. military personnel deployed to Iraq, Afghanistan and surrounding areas. Questions solicited demographic information, AVA vaccination status, and agreement to several questions attempting to assess the respondent's knowledge and attitudes regarding anthrax and the AVA vaccine. Of the 1,743 participants, 40.6% reported receiving all AVA vaccine doses. Older age and service in the Army were associated with an increased likelihood of AVA vaccination. Additionally, those who neither agreed nor disagreed with specific questions commonly rejected the AVA vaccine compared to those who agreed or disagreed to the same question. The only factor clearly associated with receipt or rejection of the AVA vaccine was whether the respondent thought that the anthrax vaccine is as safe as other vaccines. The individual decision to receive the AVA vaccine is most likely a multifactorial decision process even in a military population. Targeted educational interventions should be developed to increase AVA coverage and further understand drivers of vaccine receipt. C1 [Porter, Chad K.; Riddle, Mark S.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Tribble, David R.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Putnam, Shannon D.] Naval Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Sanders, John W.] Naval Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. RP Porter, CK (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM chad.porter@med.navy.mil RI Porter, Chad/A-8026-2011; Riddle, Mark/A-8029-2011 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1002 WEST AVENUE, 2ND FLOOR, AUSTIN, TX 78701 USA SN 1554-8619 J9 HUM VACCINES JI Hum. Vaccines PD NOV PY 2009 VL 5 IS 11 BP 765 EP 769 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 543HF UT WOS:000273563900009 PM 19829070 ER PT J AU Granado, NS Smith, TC Swanson, GM Harris, RB Shahar, E Smith, B Boyko, EJ Wells, TS Ryan, MAK AF Granado, Nisara S. Smith, Tyler C. Swanson, G. Marie Harris, Robin B. Shahar, Eyal Smith, Besa Boyko, Edward J. Wells, Timothy S. Ryan, Margaret A. K. CA Millennium Cohort Study Team TI Newly Reported Hypertension After Military Combat Deployment in a Large Population-Based Study SO HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE hypertension; incidence; stressful events; cohort studies; military personnel ID AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; BLOOD-PRESSURE CONTROL; GULF-WAR VETERANS; BODY-MASS INDEX; MILLENNIUM COHORT; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; RESISTANCE EXERCISE; US MILITARY; ARTERIAL STIFFNESS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING AB High-stress situations, such as combat deployments, are a potential risk factor for hypertension. Although stress is postulated to increase blood pressure, the underlying role of stress on hypertension is not well established. We sought to determine the relations between combat deployment-induced stress and hypertension. The Millennium Cohort baseline questionnaire (2001-2003) was completed by 77 047 US active-duty and Reserve/National Guard members. Follow-up was completed by 55 021 responders approximate to 3 years later (2004-2006). Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the 3-year risk of newly reported hypertension, adjusting for general and mental health, demographics, and occupational and behavioral characteristics. After applying exclusion criteria, our analyses included 36 061 service members. Subanalyses of deployers included 8829 participants. Newly reported hypertension was identified in 6.9% of the cohort between baseline and follow-up, many of whom had deployed on military operations in support of the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. After adjusting, deployers who experienced no combat exposures were less likely to report hypertension than nondeployers (odds ratio: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.67 to 0.89). Among deployers, those reporting multiple combat exposures were 1.33 times more likely to report hypertension compared with noncombat deployers (95% CI: 1.07 to 1.65). Although military deployers, in general, had a lower incidence of hypertension than nondeployers, deployment with multiple stressful combat exposures appeared to be a unique risk factor for newly reported hypertension. (Hypertension. 2009; 54: 966-973.) C1 [Granado, Nisara S.; Smith, Tyler C.; Smith, Besa] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Swanson, G. Marie] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Harris, Robin B.; Shahar, Eyal] Univ Arizona, Mel & Enid Zuckerman Coll Publ Hlth, Tucson, AZ USA. [Boyko, Edward J.] Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. [Smith, Tyler C.] USAF, Res Lab, Dayton, OH USA. [Ryan, Margaret A. K.] USN, Hosp Camp Pendleton, Dept Occupat Hlth, Camp Pendleton, CA USA. RP Granado, NS (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM nisara.granado@med.navy.mil FU Military Operational Medicine Research Program; United States Army Medical Research and Material Command FX The Millennium Cohort Study is funded through the Military Operational Medicine Research Program, United States Army Medical Research and Material Command (Fort Detrick, MD). NR 43 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0194-911X J9 HYPERTENSION JI Hypertension PD NOV PY 2009 VL 54 IS 5 BP 966 EP 973 DI 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.132555 PG 8 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 509CW UT WOS:000270992100010 PM 19752293 ER PT J AU Masiero, J Jedicke, R Durech, J Gwyn, S Denneau, L Larsen, J AF Masiero, Joseph Jedicke, Robert Durech, Josef Gwyn, Stephen Denneau, Larry Larsen, Jeff TI The Thousand Asteroid Light Curve Survey SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Asteroids ID FRANCE-HAWAII TELESCOPE; BINARY ASTEROIDS; SLOW ROTATION; YORP; EVOLUTION; SYSTEM; LIGHTCURVES; POPULATION; PARTICLES; OBJECTS AB We present the results of our Thousand Asteroid Light Curve Survey (TALCS) conducted with the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope in September 2006. Our untargeted survey detected 828 Main Belt asteroids to a limiting magnitude of g' similar to 22.5 corresponding to a diameter range of 0.4 km <= D <= 10 km. Of these, 278 objects had photometry of sufficient quality to perform rotation period fits. We debiased the observations and light curve fitting process to determine the true distribution of rotation periods and light curve amplitudes of Main Belt asteroids. We confirm a previously reported excess in the fraction of fast rotators but find a much larger excess of slow rotating asteroids (similar to 15% of our sample). A few percent of objects in the TALCS size range have large light Curve amplitudes of similar to 1 mag. Fits to the debiased distribution of light curve amplitudes indicate that the distribution of triaxial ellipsoid asteroid shapes is proportional to the square of the axis ratio, (b/a)(2), and may be bi-modal. Finally, we find six objects with rotation periods that may be less than 2 h with diameters between 400 m and 1.5 km, well above the break-up limit for a gravitationally-bound aggregate. Our debiased data indicate that this population represents <4% of the Main Belt in the 1-10 km size range. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Masiero, Joseph; Jedicke, Robert; Denneau, Larry] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Durech, Josef] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Astron Inst, CR-18000 Prague, Czech Republic. [Gwyn, Stephen] Canadian Astron Data Ctr, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Larsen, Jeff] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Masiero, J (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM masiero@ifa.hawaii.edu; jedicke@ifi.hawaii.edu; durech@sirrah.troja.mff.cuni.cz; Stephen.Gwyn@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca; denneau@ifa.hawaii.edu; larsen@usna.edu RI Durech, Josef/C-5634-2017; OI Durech, Josef/0000-0003-4914-3646; Masiero, Joseph/0000-0003-2638-720X FU CFHT; CEA/DAPNIA; Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT); National Research Council (NRC) of Canada; Institute National des Sciences de l'Univers of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique of France; University of Hawaii FX Based on observations obtained with MegaPrime/MegaCam, a joint project of CFHT and CEA/DAPNIA, at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) which is operated by the National Research Council (NRC) of Canada, the Institute National des Sciences de l'Univers of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique of France, and the University of Hawaii. NR 47 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD NOV PY 2009 VL 204 IS 1 BP 145 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2009.06.012 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 507VT UT WOS:000270884100011 ER PT J AU Hastings, AS Tulchinsky, DA Williams, KJ AF Hastings, Alexander S. Tulchinsky, David A. Williams, Keith J. TI Photodetector Nonlinearities Due to Voltage-Dependent Responsivity SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Harmonic distortion; nonlinearity; photodiode; responsivity ID I-N PHOTODETECTORS; PHOTODIODE AB A newly quantified photodiode nonlinearity is derived from a previously known bias voltage-dependent responsivity. For an InGaAs p-i-n photodiode, measured harmonic distortion is shown to be dominated by this derived nonlinearity mechanism. It is also shown that electron ionization in the depletion region of the photodiode is the source of the voltage-dependent responsivity. C1 [Hastings, Alexander S.; Tulchinsky, David A.; Williams, Keith J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hastings, AS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM alex.hastings@nrl.navy.mil; david.tulchinsky@nrl.navy.mil; keith.williams@nrl.navy.mil NR 12 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD NOV 1 PY 2009 VL 21 IS 21 BP 1642 EP 1644 DI 10.1109/LPT.2009.2031165 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 508QD UT WOS:000270947000003 ER PT J AU Georgiou, C Musial, PM Shvartsman, AA AF Georgiou, Chryssis Musial, Peter M. Shvartsman, Alexander A. TI Developing a Consistent Domain-Oriented Distributed Object Service SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th IEEE International Symposium on Network Computing and Applications (NCA 2005) CY JUL 27-29, 2005 CL Cambridge, MA SP IEEE Comp Soc, Tech Comm Distributed Proc, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE DE Distributed systems; specifying and verifying and reasoning about programs; algorithm and design analysis; reliability and robustness ID MEMORY AB This paper presents a new algorithm for a reconfigurable distributed domain-oriented atomic object service, called DO-RAMBO, which stands for Domain-Oriented Reconfigurable Atomic Memory for Basic Objects. This service is suitable for inclusion as a middleware system service for distributed applications requiring atomic read/write data. The implementation substantially extends and refines the abstract RAMBO algorithm of Lynch and Shvartsman that supports individual atomic objects. In this paper, domains are introduced to allow the users to group related atomic objects. The new implementation manages configurations on the basis of domains, significantly improving the utility and the performance of the resulting service. DO-RAMBO guarantees consistency under asynchrony, message loss, node crashes, new node arrivals, and node departures. We present the formal algorithm development for DO-RAMBO and give analytical and empirical results that illustrate the benefit of the new approach. C1 [Georgiou, Chryssis] Univ Cyprus, Dept Comp Sci, CY-1678 Nicosia, Cyprus. [Musial, Peter M.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Shvartsman, Alexander A.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Georgiou, C (reprint author), Univ Cyprus, Dept Comp Sci, POB 20537, CY-1678 Nicosia, Cyprus. EM chryssis@cs.ucy.ac.cy; pmmusial@gmail.com; aas@cse.uconn.edu OI Georgiou, Chryssis/0000-0003-4360-0260 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1045-9219 EI 1558-2183 J9 IEEE T PARALL DISTR JI IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 20 IS 11 BP 1567 EP 1585 DI 10.1109/TPDS.2008.243 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 497WS UT WOS:000270095700002 ER PT J AU Canedy, CL Aifer, EH Warner, JH Vurgaftman, I Jackson, EM Tischler, JG Powell, SP Olver, K Meyer, JR Tennant, WE AF Canedy, C. L. Aifer, E. H. Warner, J. H. Vurgaftman, I. Jackson, E. M. Tischler, J. G. Powell, S. P. Olver, K. Meyer, J. R. Tennant, W. E. TI Controlling dark current in type-II superlattice photodiodes SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Quantum Structure Infrared Photodetector CY JAN 18-23, 2009 CL Yosemite, CA SP NASA, Jet Propuls Lab, NASA, AF Res Lab, NASA, Army Res Lab, NASA, Defense Adv Res Projects Agcy, NASA, Missile Defense Agcy, Calif Inst Technol, Georgia Inst Technol, FLIR, QWIPT Technol, QmagiQ Wafer Technol DE Semiconductor superlattices; Strained layer superlattice; GaSb; III-V semiconductors; IR detector; Photodiode AB Limiting the defect-mediated dark currents in type-II superlattice (T2SL) IR photodiodes remains the key challenge to focal plane arrays (FPAs) based on this material system. In spite of its larger effective mass to suppress tunneling and more than an order of magnitude longer Auger lifetime, the T2SL photodiode performance still lags behind that of the incumbent HgCdTe-based technology. The tunneling and generation-recombination currents can be strongly suppressed by employing a "W" T2SL structure and gradually increasing the energy gap in the depletion region. For maximum quantum efficiency, this graded-gap geometry is combined in a hybrid structure with two-constituent T2SL absorbers that exhibit roughly twice the diffusion length of the "W" structure. Finally. if the etch used to isolate neighboring pixels is stopped just beyond the junction in the graded-gap device, narrow-gap regions are not exposed and the total sidewall area is reduced by a factor of 20. We have combined all of these approaches to produce a 10.5 mu m cutoff FPA with diffusion-limited performance and noise-equivalent differential temperature (NEDT) of 35 mK at 70 K. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Canedy, C. L.; Aifer, E. H.; Warner, J. H.; Vurgaftman, I.; Jackson, E. M.; Tischler, J. G.; Meyer, J. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Powell, S. P.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Olver, K.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Tennant, W. E.] Teledyne Imaging Sensors, Camarillo, CA 93212 USA. RP Canedy, CL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM canedy@sisyphus.nrl.navy.mil NR 16 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 52 IS 6 BP 326 EP 334 DI 10.1016/j.infrared.2009.09.004 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 539GB UT WOS:000273240700024 ER PT J AU Andrews, J Jang, WY Pezoa, JE Sharma, YD Lee, SJ Noh, SK Hayat, MM Restaino, S Teare, SW Krishna, S AF Andrews, Jonathan Jang, Woo-Yong Pezoa, Jorge E. Sharma, Yagya D. Lee, Sang Jun Noh, Sam Kyu Hayat, Majeed M. Restaino, Sergio Teare, Scott W. Krishna, Sanjay TI Demonstration of a bias tunable quantum dots-in-a-well focal plane array SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Quantum Structure Infrared Photodetector CY JAN 18-23, 2009 CL Yosemite, CA SP NASA, Jet Propuls Lab, NASA, AF Res Lab, NASA, Army Res Lab, NASA, Defense Adv Res Projects Agcy, NASA, Missile Defense Agcy, Calif Inst Technol, Georgia Inst Technol, FLIR, QWIPT Technol, QmagiQ Wafer Technol DE Quantum Dots; Quantum Wells; III-V Semiconductors; Photodetectors; Infrared Imaging; Multispectral Imaging AB Infrared detectors based on quantum wells and quantum dots have attracted a lot of attention in the past few years. Our previous research has reported on the development of the first generation of quantum dots-in-a-well (DWELL) focal plane arrays, which are based on InAs quantum dots embedded in an InGaAs well having GaAs barriers. This focal plane array has successfully generated a two-color imagery in the mid-wave infrared (i.e. 3-5 mu m) and the long-wave infrared (i.e. 8-12 mu m) at a fixed bias voltage, Recently, the DWELL device has been further modified by embedding InAs quantum dots in InGaAs and GaAs double wells with AlGaAs barriers, leading to a less strained InAs/InGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure. This is expected to improve the operating temperature while maintaining a low dark current level. This paper examines 320 x 256 double DWELL based focal plane arrays that have been fabricated and hybridized with an Indigo 9705 read-out integrated circuit using Indium-bump (flip-chip) technology. The spectral tunability is quantified by examining images and determining the transmittance ratio (equivalent to the photocurrent ratio) between mid-wave and long-way infrared filter targets. Calculations were performed for a bias range from 0.3 to 1.0 V. The results demonstrate that the mid-wave transmittance dominates at these low bias voltages, and the transmittance ratio continuously varies over different applied biases. Additionally, radiometric characterization, including array uniformity and measured noise equivalent temperature difference for the double DWELL devices is computed and compared to the same results from the original first generation DWELL. Finally, higher temperature operation is explored. Overall, the double DWELL devices had lower noise equivalent temperature difference and higher uniformity, and worked at higher temperature (70 K and 80 K) than the first generation DWELL device. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Andrews, Jonathan; Restaino, Sergio] USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. [Andrews, Jonathan; Jang, Woo-Yong; Pezoa, Jorge E.; Sharma, Yagya D.; Hayat, Majeed M.; Krishna, Sanjay] Univ New Mexico, ECE Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Andrews, Jonathan; Jang, Woo-Yong; Pezoa, Jorge E.; Sharma, Yagya D.; Hayat, Majeed M.; Krishna, Sanjay] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Lee, Sang Jun; Noh, Sam Kyu] Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Taejon, South Korea. [Teare, Scott W.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RP Andrews, J (reprint author), USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Code 7216,AFRL,3550 Aberdeen Ave SE, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA. EM jonathan.andrews@kirtland.af.mil RI Krishna, Sanjay /C-5766-2009; Hayat, Majeed/E-4924-2010; Sharma, Yagya/E-4921-2010; Pezoa, Jorge E./G-1604-2014 OI Pezoa, Jorge E./0000-0002-5225-5334 NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 52 IS 6 BP 380 EP 384 DI 10.1016/j.infrared.2009.05.018 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 539GB UT WOS:000273240700033 ER PT J AU Fricker, RD AF Fricker, Ronald D., Jr. TI Editorial: The Eighth Rothkopf Rankings of Universities' Contributions to the INFORMS Practice Literature SO INTERFACES LA English DT Editorial Material DE professional: comments on ID INTERFACES RANKING AB Continuing and expanding on the original work that Michael H. Rothkopf established in 1996, this paper presents the eighth ranking of universities according to their contributions to the INFORMS practice literature. Fittingly, we have named them the "Rothkopf Rankings" in honor of their originator, a scholar and practitioner with a passion for applied, effective, and influential operations research. The rankings assigned are based on two metrics: one measures visibility (the number of times a university is listed as the primary academic affiliation in the INFORMS practice literature), and the second measures yield (the equivalent number of INFORMS practice papers attributable to each university based on author primary academic affiliation). For US universities, the Naval Postgraduate School earns the top ranking for visibility and the second for yield, and the Colorado School of Mines earns the top ranking for yield and the second for visibility. For non-US universities, the University of Chile earns the top ranking for both visibility and yield. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Fricker, RD (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM rdfricker@nps.edu NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU INFORMS PI HANOVER PA 7240 PARKWAY DR, STE 310, HANOVER, MD 21076-1344 USA SN 0092-2102 J9 INTERFACES JI Interfaces PD NOV-DEC PY 2009 VL 39 IS 6 BP 533 EP 539 DI 10.1287/inte.1090.0458 PG 7 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 517OB UT WOS:000271623600004 ER PT J AU Holtz, R Pommier, S Bache, M Morrissey, R Urban, M AF Holtz, Ronald Pommier, Sylvie Bache, Martin Morrissey, Ryan Urban, Michael TI The Seventh International Conference on Fatigue Damage of Structural Materials Preface SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Holtz, Ronald] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Pommier, Sylvie] LMT Cachan, Cachan, France. [Bache, Martin] Swansea Univ, Swansea, W Glam, Wales. [Morrissey, Ryan] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Holtz, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM ronald.holtz@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-1123 J9 INT J FATIGUE JI Int. J. Fatigue PD NOV-DEC PY 2009 VL 31 IS 11-12 BP 1629 EP 1629 DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2009.02.006 PG 1 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 500RP UT WOS:000270322400001 ER PT J AU Sadananda, K Sarkar, S Kujawski, D Vasudevan, AK AF Sadananda, K. Sarkar, S. Kujawski, D. Vasudevan, A. K. TI A two-parameter analysis of S-N fatigue life using Delta sigma and sigma(max) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fatigue Damage in Structural Materials CY SEP 14-19, 2008 CL Hyannis, MA DE Stress controlled fatigue; Kitagawa diagram; Crack nucleation and growth; Aluminum and steel alloys; Mean stress effects ID CRACK GROWTH-BEHAVIOR; STRESS DIAGRAM; PROPAGATION; MECHANISMS; PREDICTION; FAILURE; METALS; ALLOYS; DAMAGE; STEEL AB The effect of the load ratio, R, or the mean-stress on fatigue life has been recognized for more than a hundred years. In considering the mean-stress effects in the stress-life (S-N) approach, research efforts have been mostly concentrated in establishing correlating functions in terms of the flow stress or yield stress or the ultimate tensile stress, etc., by taking, say, R = -1 test results as a reference. Very little effort has been made towards understanding the role of stress range Delta sigma and the maximum stress sigma(max), (or sigma(mean)) in the fatigue crack nucleation and propagation and also how to relate this to both the stress-life and the fracture-mechanics descriptions. In this paper we first examine crack nucleation based on the stress-life approach using a two-parameter requirement in terms of Delta sigma and sigma(max) and then connect it to crack propagation using the Kitagawa diagram as the incipient crack grows to become a long crack. Since stress-life data include both nucleation and propagation, the connection of the safe-life approach to the fracture-mechanics analysis is pertinent. Comparison of the present analysis with experimental data taken from the literature demonstrates that a two-parameter approach in terms of Delta sigma and sigma(max). forms a basis for the S-N analysis. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Vasudevan, A. K.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Kujawski, D.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. RP Vasudevan, AK (reprint author), Off Naval Res, 875 N Randolph St, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. EM vasudea@onr.navy.mil NR 41 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 4 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-1123 J9 INT J FATIGUE JI Int. J. Fatigue PD NOV-DEC PY 2009 VL 31 IS 11-12 BP 1648 EP 1659 DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2009.03.007 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 500RP UT WOS:000270322400005 ER PT J AU Croft, M Shukla, V Jisrawi, NM Zhong, Z Sadangi, RK Holtz, RL Pao, PS Horvath, K Sadananda, K Ignatov, A Skaritka, J Tsakalakos, T AF Croft, M. Shukla, V. Jisrawi, N. M. Zhong, Z. Sadangi, R. K. Holtz, R. L. Pao, P. S. Horvath, K. Sadananda, K. Ignatov, A. Skaritka, J. Tsakalakos, T. TI Mapping and load response of overload strain fields: Synchrotron X-ray measurements SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fatigue Damage in Structural Materials CY SEP 14-19, 2008 CL Hyannis, MA DE Fatigue; Strain; X-ray; Synchrotron; Overload ID FATIGUE-CRACK GROWTH; FULL-PROFILE ANALYSIS; DIFFRACTION DATA; PROPAGATION AB High energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements have been performed to provide quantitative microscopic guidance for modeling of fatigue crack growth. Specifically we report local strain mapping, along with in situ loading strain response, results on 4140 steel fatigue specimens exhibiting the crack growth retardation "overload effect". Detailed, 2D, epsilon(yy)-strain field mapping shows that a single overload (OL) cycle creates a compressive strain field extending millimeters above and below the crack plane. The OL strain field structures are shown to persist after the crack tip has grown well beyond the OL position. The specimen exhibiting the maximal crack growth rate retardation following overload exhibits a tensile residual strain region at the crack tip. Strain field results, on in situ tensile loaded specimens, show a striking critical threshold load. F(c), phenomenon in their strain response. At loads below F(c) the strain response is dominated by a rapid suppression of the compressive OL feature with modest response at the crack tip. At loads above F(c) the strain response at the OL position terminates and the response at the crack tip becomes large. This threshold load response behavior is shown to exhibit lower F(c) values, and dramatically enhanced rates of strain change with load as the crack tip propagates farther beyond the OL position. The OL strain feature behind the crack tip also is shown to be suppressed by removing the opposing crack faces via an electron discharge cut passing through the crack tip. Finally unique 2D strain field mapping (imaging) results, through the depth of the specimen, of the fatigue crack front and the OL feature in the wake are also presented. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Croft, M.; Horvath, K.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Croft, M.; Zhong, Z.; Skaritka, J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Shukla, V.; Jisrawi, N. M.; Sadangi, R. K.; Ignatov, A.; Tsakalakos, T.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Jisrawi, N. M.] Univ Sharjah, Dept Basic Sci, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates. [Holtz, R. L.; Pao, P. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sadananda, K.] Tech Data Anal Inc, Falls Church, VA 22046 USA. RP Croft, M (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM croft@physics.rutgers.edu NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-1123 J9 INT J FATIGUE JI Int. J. Fatigue PD NOV-DEC PY 2009 VL 31 IS 11-12 BP 1669 EP 1677 DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2009.01.020 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 500RP UT WOS:000270322400007 ER PT J AU Pao, PS Holtz, RL Jones, HN Feng, CR AF Pao, P. S. Holtz, R. L. Jones, H. N. Feng, C. R. TI Effect of environment on fatigue crack growth in ultrafine grain Al-Mg SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fatigue Damage in Structural Materials CY SEP 14-19, 2008 CL Hyannis, MA DE Fatigue crack growth; Fatigue crack growth threshold; Ultrafine grained material; Microstructure; Environmental effect; Aluminum ID NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS; NANOCRYSTALLINE METALS; ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; PROPAGATION; DEFLECTION; EXTENSION; STABILITY; CLOSURE AB The fatigue crack growth rates, obtained in high vacuum and in ambient air, of ultrafine grain (UFG) Al-7.5Mg (grain size similar to 250 nm) at various load ratios were compared to those of powder-metallurgy (P/M) Al-7Mg (grain size similar to 2 mu m) and ingot-metallurgy (I/M) Al-7Mg (grain size similar to 100 mu m). In both vacuum and ambient air, fatigue crack growth rates at all stress ratios decrease with increasing grain size. The fatigue crack growth threshold (Delta K(th)) follows the reverse order, increasing with increasing grain size. These trends are interpreted in terms of fracture surface roughness effects that are correlated with grain size. In vacuum, the thresholds of all three materials exhibit no load ratio dependency at load ratios from 0.1 to 0.5. In air, the threshold of UFG Al-7.5Mg exhibits weak load ratio dependency, while P/M and I/M Al-7Mg exhibit modest load ratio dependency. The environmental effect on the fatigue crack growth rates is assessed by determining the difference in crack growth driving force (Delta K) between air and vacuum. It was found that the environmental contribution to the driving force of all three materials is similar, nearly independent of grain size. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pao, P. S.; Holtz, R. L.; Jones, H. N.; Feng, C. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pao, PS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM pao@anvil.nrl.navy.mil NR 28 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-1123 J9 INT J FATIGUE JI Int. J. Fatigue PD NOV-DEC PY 2009 VL 31 IS 11-12 BP 1678 EP 1683 DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2009.03.018 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 500RP UT WOS:000270322400008 ER PT J AU Vasudevan, AK Sadananda, K AF Vasudevan, A. K. Sadananda, K. TI Classification of environmentally assisted fatigue crack growth behavior SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fatigue Damage in Structural Materials CY SEP 14-19, 2008 CL Hyannis, MA DE Fatigue crack growth with two loading parameters; Environmental effects; Damage mechanisms; Classification scheme; Trajectory maps; Unified approach to fatigues ID UNIFIED APPROACH; STRESS-RATIO; THRESHOLD; ALLOYS AB Fatigue crack growth is represented using fracture mechanics parameters, Delta K and K(max). Environmental effects that depend on time and stress affect the fatigue behavior predominantly through K(max) parameter. The superimposed effects of environment and stress are seemingly complex. We have developed a methodology for classifying and separating the effects of environment on fatigue crack growth. A "crack growth trajectory map" is constructed from the behavior of Delta K versus K(max) for various constant crack growth rate curves. A "pure fatigue" behavior is defined, in terms of environment-free behavior, such as in high vacuum. Deviation from this "pure fatigue" reference of the trajectory map is associated with either monotonic mode of fracture or to the superimposed environmental effects on crack growth. Using such an approach, called "Unified Damage Approach", we classify the environmental effects in almost all materials into only five types. Each of these types shows the combination of time and stress affecting the crack tip driving force, and thus Delta K and K(max). The trajectory map depicts the changing material resistance due to the changing crack growth mechanisms with increasing crack growth rate, as reflected in terms of the applied stress intensities, Delta K and K(max). Thus the trajectory map provides a useful tool to separate the contributions from pure fatigue and superimposed monotonic modes and the governing crack growth mechanisms as a function of load-ratio, crack growth rate and environment. Understanding and quantification of the governing mechanisms would help in developing a more fundamental and reliable life prediction method. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Vasudevan, A. K.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. [Sadananda, K.] TDA Inc, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Vasudevan, AK (reprint author), Off Naval Res, 875 N Randolph St, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. EM vasudea@onr.navy.mil NR 30 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 5 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-1123 J9 INT J FATIGUE JI Int. J. Fatigue PD NOV-DEC PY 2009 VL 31 IS 11-12 BP 1696 EP 1708 DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2009.03.019 PG 13 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 500RP UT WOS:000270322400010 ER PT J AU Lee, EU Glinka, G Vasudevan, AK Iyyer, N Phan, ND AF Lee, E. U. Glinka, G. Vasudevan, A. K. Iyyer, N. Phan, N. D. TI Fatigue of 7075-T651 aluminum alloy under constant and variable amplitude loadings SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fatigue Damage in Structural Materials CY SEP 14-19, 2008 CL Hyannis, MA DE Fatigue crack growth; Constant and variable amplitude loadings; Stress ratio; Frequency; Load spectrum ID CRACK-GROWTH BEHAVIOR; STRESS INTENSITIES; CORROSION FATIGUE; ENVIRONMENT; MECHANISMS; STEELS; DAMAGE; PROPAGATION; TI-6AL-4V; VACUUM AB The fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior of 7075-T651 aluminum alloy was studied under constant and variable amplitude loadings in vacuum, air and 1% NaCl solution. In the study of constant amplitude loading fatigue, the stress ratios were 0.1 and 0.85 and the loading frequency was 10 Hz. In the study of variable amplitude loading fatigue, the load spectrums were tension type and tension-compression type, and the average loading frequency was about 5 Hz. The results of FCG tests, under constant and variable amplitude loadings, validated the unified two parameter driving force model, accounting for the residual stress and stress ratio effects on fatigue crack growth. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lee, E. U.; Phan, N. D.] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. [Glinka, G.] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Vasudevan, A. K.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Iyyer, N.] Tech Data Anal Inc, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Lee, EU (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. EM eun.lee@navy.mil NR 44 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-1123 J9 INT J FATIGUE JI Int. J. Fatigue PD NOV-DEC PY 2009 VL 31 IS 11-12 BP 1858 EP 1864 DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2008.11.013 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 500RP UT WOS:000270322400028 ER PT J AU Lee, EU Vasudevan, AK Glinka, G AF Lee, E. U. Vasudevan, A. K. Glinka, G. TI Environmental effects on low cycle fatigue of 2024-T351 and 7075-T651 aluminum alloys SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fatigue Damage in Structural Materials CY SEP 14-19, 2008 CL Hyannis, MA DE Low cycle fatigue; Environmental effect; Strain amplitude; Fractographic features ID CRACK-GROWTH; CORROSION FATIGUE; DAMAGE; STEELS; ARREST AB The environmental effects on the low cycle fatigue (LCF) behavior of 2024-T351 and 7075-T651 aluminum alloys were studied at room temperature. The specimens were subjected to identical LCF tests at strain ratio R of -1 and frequency of 5 Hz in three environments: vacuum, air and 1% NaCl solution pH 2. A separate group of specimens was pre-corroded in 1% NaCl solution and then LCF-tested in air. Their strain-life relations and cyclic stress-strain responses were investigated and compared. Furthermore, the fracture surface morphology was evaluated to find the association of LCF behavior and fractographic features under different environmental conditions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lee, E. U.] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. [Vasudevan, A. K.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Glinka, G.] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. RP Lee, EU (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. EM enu.lee@navy.mil NR 25 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-1123 J9 INT J FATIGUE JI Int. J. Fatigue PD NOV-DEC PY 2009 VL 31 IS 11-12 BP 1938 EP 1942 DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2008.11.012 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 500RP UT WOS:000270322400038 ER PT J AU Robinson, GE AF Robinson, Glenn E. TI A Possible Peace between Israel and Palestine: An Insider's Account of the Geneva Initiative SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES LA English DT Book Review C1 [Robinson, Glenn E.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Robinson, GE (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM grobinson@nps.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0020-7438 J9 INT J MIDDLE E STUD JI Int. J. Middle East Stud. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 41 IS 4 BP 671 EP 672 DI 10.1017/S0020743809990122 PG 2 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA 519CE UT WOS:000271741800011 ER PT J AU Limbert, J AF Limbert, John TI The Persian Gulf: Its Past and Present SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES LA English DT Book Review C1 [Limbert, John] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Limbert, J (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM Limbert@comcast.net NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0020-7438 J9 INT J MIDDLE E STUD JI Int. J. Middle East Stud. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 41 IS 4 BP 686 EP 687 DI 10.1017/S0020743909990201 PG 2 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA 519CE UT WOS:000271741800019 ER PT J AU Kwak, YH Smith, BM AF Kwak, Young Hoon Smith, Brian M. TI Managing risks in mega defense acquisition projects: Performance, policy, and opportunities SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Project management; Risk management; Department of Defense; Cost estimating; Future Combat Systems; Case study ID IMPLEMENTING STRATEGY; MANAGEMENT AB This research explores key aspects involved in the process of managing risk associated with acquisition projects within the US Department of Defense (DOD). First, various US Government Accountability Office reports are analyzed to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the DOD's overall program management practices, as well as individual projects. Then, the evolution and progress of United States Army's Future Combat Systems project is examined in detail as a case study to substantiate the argument that insufficient risk management has contributed to project delays and cost overruns significantly. Poor risk management performance and practices are not unique to the Army, but arises from a system bred into the process of gaining approval to implement projects in the DOD. Incorporating a comprehensive risk management plan in the planning phase and filling key project management positions with personnel trained to recognize sound proposals from contractors would make significant strides toward improving overall project management practices in the DOD. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd and IPMA. All rights reserved. C1 [Kwak, Young Hoon] George Washington Univ, Sch Business, Dept Decis Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Smith, Brian M.] USN, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Kwak, YH (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Sch Business, Dept Decis Sci, Funger Hall 411,2201 G St NW, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM kwak@gwu.edu; smith_brian@earthlink.net RI Kwak, Young Hoon/A-9002-2009 OI Kwak, Young Hoon/0000-0003-3042-4130 NR 47 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0263-7863 EI 1873-4634 J9 INT J PROJ MANAG JI Int. J. Proj. Manag. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 27 IS 8 BP 812 EP 820 DI 10.1016/j.ijproman.2009.02.002 PG 9 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA 511TT UT WOS:000271192600007 ER PT J AU Bienek, DR Chang, CK AF Bienek, D. R. Chang, C. K. TI Evaluation of an interferon-gamma release assay, T-SPOT (R).TB, in a population with a low prevalence of tuberculosis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; T-SPOT.TB; latent TB; TST; interferon-gamma ID LINKED IMMUNOSPOT ASSAY; SKIN-TEST; T-CELLS; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; RAPID DETECTION; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; ENUMERATION; DIAGNOSIS; INDIVIDUALS AB SETTING: Great Lakes, Illinois, USA. OBJECTIVE: To compare the performance of an interferon-gamma release assay (T-SPOT (R).TB) and tuberculin skin test (TST) in a population with a low prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) that was predominantly US-born and not bacille Calmette-Guerin-vaccinated. DESIGN: A total of 414 subjects with absence of a previous positive TST were enrolled, of whom 326 yielded analyzable results for both TST and T-SPOT.TB. RESULTS: Overall agreement between T-SPOT.TB and TST was 98.2% (95% CI 96.0-99.3). The specificity of T-SPOT.TB in individuals judged to be at low risk for TB infection was 98.9% (95% CI 96.9-99.8). Of 326 subjects, 8 (2.5%) had a positive T-SPOT.TB result, six of which occurred in the absence of a positive TST. Of these, at least three appeared to have risk factors, suggesting the possibility of a false-negative TST result. CONCLUSION: Because of the excellent agreement between the TSPOT.TB and the TST, either test can serve as an effective diagnostic tool in populations at low risk for TB. As the tests have specific advantages and disadvantages, health care providers have leeway in choosing the most appropriate test for the population they are treating. C1 [Bienek, D. R.; Chang, C. K.] USN, Inst Dent & Biomed Res, Great Lakes, IL USA. [Bienek, D. R.; Chang, C. K.] Gen Dynam Informat Technol, Frederick, MD USA. RP Bienek, DR (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit San Antonio, 8315 Navy Rd, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 USA. EM diane.bienek@med.navy.mil FU Bureau of Medicine and Surgery; Naval Medical Development Program; Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA); Oxford Immunotec Ltd. [NMR05-2127] FX This work was supported by the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Naval Medical Development Program and a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) with Oxford Immunotec Ltd. (CRADA# NMR05-2127). The statement of work associated with this CRADA Outlined Oxford Immunotech Ltd. responsibilities as follows: 1) supply of recombinant lyophilised TB antigens (i.e., ESAT-6 and CHP10) and T-SPOT (R).TB assay kits for feasibility testing; 2) assisting in the preparation of applications/protocols that were required by the Institutional Review Board; and 3) supporting training of laboratory personnel for the collection of specimens and testing of blood samples; however, data generated during training were not included in the analyses or this report. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 13 IS 11 BP 1416 EP 1421 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 520XR UT WOS:000271883400018 PM 19861016 ER PT J AU Eller, M Valdivia, NP AF Eller, Matthias Valdivia, Nicolas P. TI Acoustic source identification using multiple frequency information SO INVERSE PROBLEMS LA English DT Article ID INVERSE SOURCE PROBLEM; IMAGE FORMATION; EQUATIONS; TOMOGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY; FIELDS AB We consider the inverse problem of identifying the location and shape of a finitely supported acoustic source function, separable with respect to space and frequency, from measurements of the acoustic field on a closed surface for many frequencies. A simple uniqueness proof and an error estimate for the unknown source function are presented. From the uniqueness proof an efficient numerical algorithm for the solution is developed. The algorithm is tested using numerically generated data in dimensions 2 and 3. C1 [Eller, Matthias] Georgetown Univ, Dept Math, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [Valdivia, Nicolas P.] USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Eller, M (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Dept Math, Washington, DC 20057 USA. EM mme4@georgetown.edu; valdivia@pa.nrl.navy.mil FU National Science Foundation [DMS-0308731] FX Research of M E supported by the National Science Foundation through grant DMS-0308731. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0266-5611 J9 INVERSE PROBL JI Inverse Probl. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 25 IS 11 AR 115005 DI 10.1088/0266-5611/25/11/115005 PG 20 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 515OK UT WOS:000271481500005 ER PT J AU Sinclair, JA Marzalik, P AF Sinclair, John A. Marzalik, Penny TI Suspected Appendicitis in the Pregnant Patient SO JOGNN-JOURNAL OF OBSTETRIC GYNECOLOGIC AND NEONATAL NURSING LA English DT Article DE abdominal pain; pregnancy; appendicitis; diagnostic imaging ID LOWER-QUADRANT PAIN; ABDOMINAL-PAIN; SEPTIC SHOCK; MANAGEMENT; OBSTETRICS; DIAGNOSIS; WOMEN; CT AB Appendicitis is the most common nonobstetric cause of abdominal pain in pregnancy. Pregnant patients may present with an atypical examination, thereby challenging clinicians. National specialty organizations recommend that nonionizing imaging options be pursued to aid in early diagnosis. Multiple studies suggest that magnetic resonance imaging technology is a safe and accurate alternative to ionizing imaging such as X-ray or computerized tomography imaging. A standard protocol that incorporates magnetic resonance imaging technology in the evaluation of the pregnant patient is proposed. C1 [Marzalik, Penny] Loyola Univ Chicago, Niehoff Sch Nursing, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. [Sinclair, John A.] USN, Nurse Corps, Naval Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP Marzalik, P (reprint author), Loyola Univ Chicago, Niehoff Sch Nursing, 2160 S 1st Ave,Bldg 105,Room 2856, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. EM pmarzal@luc.edu FU U.S. Navy Nurse Corps FX The authors thank the U.S. Navy Nurse Corps for educational opportunity and support. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0884-2175 J9 JOGNN-J OBST GYN NEO JI JOGNN PD NOV-DEC PY 2009 VL 38 IS 6 BP 723 EP 729 DI 10.1111/j.1552-6909.2009.01074.x PG 7 WC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 516EZ UT WOS:000271526000012 PM 19930288 ER PT J AU Ballin, JS Uebelhoer, NS AF Ballin, Jason S. Uebelhoer, Nathan S. TI The Use of the Low-Fluence 1064 nm Nd:YAG Laser in a Female With Contraindications to Systemic Anti-Acne Therapy SO JOURNAL OF DRUGS IN DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FACIAL ACNE; VULGARIS AB To date, reports on the safe and effective treatment of severe inflammatory facial acne with the low-fluence 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser are limited-The authors report a case of treatment for severe inflammatory acne in a pregnant Asian female (Fitzpatrick skin type IV) with the low fluence 1064 nm Nd-YAG laser. These findings suggest that this modality may be a safe, effective, and well-tolerated alternative for patients with acne who have contraindications to the use of systemic anti-acne therapies. C1 [Ballin, Jason S.] Training Air Wing TWO, Dept Aviat Med, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. [Uebelhoer, Nathan S.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Ballin, JS (reprint author), Training Air Wing TWO, Dept Aviat Med, 614 McCain St,Suite 310, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. EM Jason.ballin@med.navy.mil NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL OF DRUGS IN DERMATOLOGY PI NEW YORK PA 377 PARK AVE SOUTH, 6TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA SN 1545-9616 J9 J DRUGS DERMATOL JI J. Drugs Dermatol. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 8 IS 11 BP 1025 EP 1026 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 571ID UT WOS:000275744600007 PM 19894370 ER PT J AU Dickinson, GH Vega, IE Wahl, KJ Orihuela, B Beyley, V Rodriguez, EN Everett, RK Bonaventura, J Rittschof, D AF Dickinson, Gary H. Vega, Irving E. Wahl, Kathryn J. Orihuela, Beatriz Beyley, Veronica Rodriguez, Eva N. Everett, Richard K. Bonaventura, Joseph Rittschof, Daniel TI Barnacle cement: a polymerization model based on evolutionary concepts SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE barnacle cement; bioadhesive; polymerization; coagulation; trypsin-like serine protease; transglutaminase; Balanus amphitrite; biofouling ID CHTHAMALUS FRAGILIS DARWIN; GASTROPOD PREDATION SITES; FRESH-WATER CRAYFISH; PROTEOLYTIC-ENZYMES; BALANUS-AMPHITRITE; MARINE ORGANISMS; CROSS-LINKING; PACIFASTACUS-LENIUSCULUS; BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION; HEMOLYMPH COAGULATION AB Enzymes and biochemical mechanisms essential to survival are under extreme selective pressure and are highly conserved through evolutionary time. We applied this evolutionary concept to barnacle cement polymerization, a process critical to barnacle fitness that involves aggregation and cross-linking of proteins. The biochemical mechanisms of cement polymerization remain largely unknown. We hypothesized that this process is biochemically similar to blood clotting, a critical physiological response that is also based on aggregation and cross-linking of proteins. Like key elements of vertebrate and invertebrate blood clotting, barnacle cement polymerization was shown to involve proteolytic activation of enzymes and structural precursors, transglutaminase cross-linking and assembly of fibrous proteins. Proteolytic activation of structural proteins maximizes the potential for bonding interactions with other proteins and with the surface. Transglutaminase cross-linking reinforces cement integrity. Remarkably, epitopes and sequences homologous to bovine trypsin and human transglutaminase were identified in barnacle cement with tandem mass spectrometry and/or western blotting. Akin to blood clotting, the peptides generated during proteolytic activation functioned as signal molecules, linking a molecular level event ( protein aggregation) to a behavioral response (barnacle larval settlement). Our results draw attention to a highly conserved protein polymerization mechanism and shed light on a long-standing biochemical puzzle. We suggest that barnacle cement polymerization is a specialized form of wound healing. The polymerization mechanism common between barnacle cement and blood may be a theme for many marine animal glues. C1 [Dickinson, Gary H.; Orihuela, Beatriz; Bonaventura, Joseph; Rittschof, Daniel] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Nicholas Sch Environm, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA. [Vega, Irving E.; Beyley, Veronica; Rodriguez, Eva N.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA. [Vega, Irving E.; Beyley, Veronica; Rodriguez, Eva N.] Univ Puerto Rico, Coll Nat Sci, Prot Mass Spectrometry Facil, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA. [Everett, Richard K.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wahl, Kathryn J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bonaventura, Joseph] Univ Puerto Rico, Prot Res & Dev Ctr, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. RP Rittschof, D (reprint author), Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Nicholas Sch Environm, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA. EM ritt@duke.edu OI Everett, Richard/0000-0002-6725-9442; Rodriguez Cruz, Eva Nilda/0000-0002-7408-7001; Wahl, Kathryn/0000-0001-8163-6964; Dickinson, Gary/0000-0003-1073-1483 FU US Office of Naval Research [N00014-0810158, N00014-07-1-0949, N00014-08-WX20863]; Naval Research Laboratory; NIH-National Center for Research Resources [P20RR16439] FX This research was supported by the US Office of Naval Research (N00014-0810158, N00014-07-1-0949 and N00014-08-WX20863) and the basic research program of the Naval Research Laboratory. The Protein Mass Spectrometry Facility was supported by a grant from NIH-National Center for Research Resources (P20RR16439). We gratefully acknowledge Dan Barlow, David Lo, Jenna Williams and Wai Hung for assistance with data collection. Deposited in PMC for release after 12 months. NR 81 TC 54 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 35 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0022-0949 EI 1477-9145 J9 J EXP BIOL JI J. Exp. Biol. PD NOV 1 PY 2009 VL 212 IS 21 BP 3499 EP 3510 DI 10.1242/jeb.029884 PG 12 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 507XM UT WOS:000270889100022 PM 19837892 ER PT J AU Greene, ES Chiu, WKS Burke, AA Medeiros, MG Carreiro, LG AF Greene, Eric S. Chiu, Wilson K. S. Burke, A. Alan Medeiros, Maria G. Carreiro, Louis G. TI Modeling and Verification of Steady State Operational Changes on the Performance of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell SO JOURNAL OF FUEL CELL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE solid oxide fuel cells ID EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION; SENSITIVITY; SOFC AB Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) offer many potential benefits as an energy conversion device. This paper addresses experimental validation of a numerical SOFC model that has been developed. Results are compared at steady state operation for temperatures ranging from 1073 K to 1173 K and for H(2) gas concentrations fuel supplies of 10-90% with a balance of N(2). The results agree well with a maximum of 13.3% difference seen between the numerical and experimental results, which is within the limit of the experimental uncertainties and the material constants that are measured, with most comparisons well below this level. It is concluded that since the model is very sensitive to material properties and temperature that for the best results they should be as specific as possible to the experiment. These specific properties were demonstrated in this paper and a validation of a full fuel cell model, with a concentration on the anode, was presented. C1 [Greene, Eric S.; Chiu, Wilson K. S.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Mech Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Burke, A. Alan; Medeiros, Maria G.; Carreiro, Louis G.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Chiu, WKS (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Mech Engn, 191 Auditorium Rd, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM wchiu@engr.uconn.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) University FX Financial support is provided by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) University/Laboratory Initiative (ULI) program. Specifically, thanks are due to Richard Carlin, Michele Anderson, and David Drumheller at ONR, Eric Dow, Russell Bessette, Craig Deschenes, Steven Tucker, Erik Koep, and Delmas Atwater at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, RI. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1550-624X J9 J FUEL CELL SCI TECH JI J. Fuel Cell Sci. Technol. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 6 IS 4 AR 041001 DI 10.1115/1.3080811 PG 4 GA 491AJ UT WOS:000269548900001 ER PT J AU Dunn, AS Green, BN Gilford, S AF Dunn, Andrew S. Green, Bart N. Gilford, Scott TI AN ANALYSIS OF THE INTEGRATION OF CHIROPRACTIC SERVICES WITHIN THE UNITED STATES MILITARY AND VETERANS' HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS SO JOURNAL OF MANIPULATIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE Chiropractic; Military medicine; Hospitals; veterans; Military personnel; Health policy; Delivery of health care; Integrated ID MEDICAL-CENTER; IRAQI FREEDOM; PAIN AB Objectives: The purpose of this article is to compare chiropractic integration within the health care systems of the Department of Defense and Department of Veterans Affairs and to identify practices and policies that may either Support or challenge the extent of chiropractic integration within those systems. Methods: As subject matter experts and providers within these systems, our team reviewed enacted legislation, policies, and the literature pertinent to chiropractic practice in Department of Defense and Department of Veterans Affairs medical facilities, and identified opportunities and threats pertinent to integration. Results: We identified 9 areas wherein potential opportunities and threats to integration existed, including legislative history, programmatic growth, leadership structure, employment status of providers, clinical work duties, patient access, patient demographics, academic affiliations, and research. Conclusion: These findings provide a higher level of understanding regarding the current state and future direction of chiropractic set-vice integration within these integrated health care systems. (J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2009;32:749-757) C1 [Dunn, Andrew S.] VA Western New York Hlth Care Syst, Buffalo, NY 14215 USA. [Dunn, Andrew S.] New York Chiropract Coll, New York, NY USA. [Green, Bart N.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Phys & Occupat Therapy, MCAS Miramar Branch,Med Clin,Chiropract Div, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Green, Bart N.] Natl Univ Hlth Sci, Lombard, IL USA. [Gilford, Scott] USN Hosp, Sports Med & Rehabil Team, Camp Pendleton, CA USA. RP Dunn, AS (reprint author), VA Western New York Hlth Care Syst, 3495 Bailey Ave, Buffalo, NY 14215 USA. EM andrew.dunn@va.gov; bart.green@med.navy.mil; scott.gilford@med.navy.mil OI Green, DC, MSEd, PhD, Bart N./0000-0002-9906-6397 NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0161-4754 J9 J MANIP PHYSIOL THER JI J. Manip. Physiol. Ther. PD NOV-DEC PY 2009 VL 32 IS 9 BP 749 EP 757 DI 10.1016/j.jmpt.2009.10.009 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Rehabilitation SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Rehabilitation GA 542RC UT WOS:000273511600006 PM 20004802 ER PT J AU Goldberg, KF Green, B Moore, J Wyatt, M Boulanger, L Belnap, B Harsch, P Donaldson, DS AF Goldberg, Kathy F. Green, Bart Moore, Jacqueline Wyatt, Marilynn Boulanger, Lynn Belnap, Brian Harsch, Peter Donaldson, David S. TI INTEGRATED MUSCULOSKELETAL REHABILITATION CARE AT A COMPREHENSIVE COMBAT AND COMPLEX CASUALTY CARE PROGRAM SO JOURNAL OF MANIPULATIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Editorial Material DE Military Medicine; Hospitals; Veterans; Military Personnel; Delivery of Health Care; Integrated; Physical Medicine; Chiropractic; Physical Therapy (Specialty); Occupational Therapy ID BACK-PAIN; POLYTRAUMA; INJURIES; AMPUTEE AB Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe the musculoskeletal rehabilitation model used to care for combat and severely wounded or ill US military service members at an integrated Comprehensive Combat and Complex Casualty Care center located at Naval Medical Center San Diego. Methods: Through a collaborative and iterative process, providers from the various services included at the Comprehensive Combat and Complex Casualty Care program developed a description of the integration of services provided at this location. Results: After construction of the facility in 2007, the program has provided services for approximately 2 years. Eighteen different health care providers from 10 different specialties provide integrated musculoskeletal services, which include primary care, physical therapy, occupational therapy, vestibular therapy, gait analysis, prosthetics, recreational therapy, and chiropractic care. At the time of this writing (early 2009), the program had provided musculoskeletal rehabilitation care to approximately 500 patients, 58 with amputations, from the operational theater, Veterans Affairs, other military treatment facilities, and local trauma centers. Conclusion: The complex nature of combat wounded and polytrauma patients requires an integrated and interdisciplinary team that is innovative, adaptable, and focused on the needs of the patient. This article presents a description of the model and the experiences of our musculoskeletal rehabilitation team; it is our hope that this article will assist other centers and add to the small but emerging literature on this topic. (J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2009;32:781-791) C1 [Goldberg, Kathy F.; Green, Bart; Moore, Jacqueline; Wyatt, Marilynn; Boulanger, Lynn; Belnap, Brian; Harsch, Peter; Donaldson, David S.] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Green, Bart] Natl Univ Hlth Sci, Lombard, IL USA. RP Green, B (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM bart.green@med.navy.mil OI Green, DC, MSEd, PhD, Bart N./0000-0002-9906-6397 NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0161-4754 J9 J MANIP PHYSIOL THER JI J. Manip. Physiol. Ther. PD NOV-DEC PY 2009 VL 32 IS 9 BP 781 EP 791 DI 10.1016/j.jmpt.2009.10.010 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Rehabilitation SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Rehabilitation GA 542RC UT WOS:000273511600011 ER PT J AU Burrage, DM Book, JW Martin, PJ AF Burrage, D. M. Book, J. W. Martin, P. J. TI Eddies and filaments of the Western Adriatic Current near Cape Gargano: Analysis and prediction SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Eddies; Filaments; Upwelling; Temperature; Salinity; Chlorophyll; Italy, Central Adriatic Sea; (Lat. 40-44 degrees N., Long. 14-19 degrees E) ID SEA GENERAL-CIRCULATION; GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; HEADLANDS; WATER; EDDY; SEPARATION; IMAGERY; WIND; FLOW AB Remote sensing and in situ observations, and model simulations made during the Dynamics of the Adriatic in Real Time (DART) project in the central Adriatic Sea during 2006 reveal intense mesoscale eddy activity in the West Adriatic Current (WAC) system, that flows along the Italian coast. We investigate the origin, scale and rate of evolution of these features, and consider their potential contributions to across-shelf exchange, as a basis for planning future operational coastal prediction and monitoring programs. Predictions from a regional Adriatic Sea implementation of the Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) are assessed using observations from satellites, current meter moorings, and ship hydrographic transects. Near Cape Gargano in summer, mesoscale eddies and filaments observed in remote sensing imagery and in situ data exhibit horizontal and vertical scales of about 30 km and 25 m, respectively. The observed eddies develop along the WAC front under transient wind conditions, while a quasi-permanent anti-cyclonic circulation appears downstream of the cape. NCOM model predictions show that well-organized, multiple-eddy features appear, grow in unison, then dissipate along the coast West of Cape Gargano in response to transient along-shelf wind forcing, while east of it individual eddies are generated by interaction of the WAC main stream with the bathymetry surrounding the cape. The eddies evolve over time scales of a few days to a week in response to forcing transients. Moderate to strong northwest winds compress the WAC coastward and suppress the instabilities, while relaxing northwest winds or shifts to southeast winds expand the WAC and enhance instability growth. Together with entrained filaments of coastal water, the eddies translate, stretch and rotate in response to WAC horizontal advection and shear. The qualitative character and evolution of the modeled features agree with the observations, and model statistics reveal patterns of variability on monthly and seasonal time scales that are consistent with the appearance of individual eddies in both the model results and observations. In the model, patterns of upwelling and downwelling associated with the WAC main stream and eddies may be linked to dynamical characteristics of the WAC flow and specific bathymetric features. Under wintertime conditions, theoretical arguments predict an upwelling response as flow divergence changes absolute vorticity where the WAC rounds the cape, while Ekman pumping driven by surface winds or bottom stress and associated secondary circulation could explain upwelling and downwelling patches appearing around the rims of individual eddies. The upwelling dynamics are complicated by seasonal stratification effects and bathymetric features, and more work is needed to elucidate these processes. Based on their frequent occurrence, large size compared to the shelf width, high intensity and current shear, and secondary circulations, the eddies and filaments could contribute significantly to across-shelf exchange and coastal/deep-ocean mixing, with important implications for coastal monitoring and prediction. Their generation and evolution present special challenges for coastal prediction, but our results demonstrate that combined use of remote sensing imagery and numerical model simulations can yield valuable insight into such processes, and thereby help plan future monitoring and prediction efforts. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Burrage, D. M.; Book, J. W.; Martin, P. J.] USN, Res Lab, Ocean Sci Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Burrage, DM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Oceanog Branch, Code 7332, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM burrage@nrlssc.navy.mil; book@nrlssc.navy.mil; martin@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [0602435N, 0601153N] FX Outstanding ship operations and support from the captains, crews and scientists of R/V G. Dallaporta, R/V Alliance, and R/V Universitatis for instrument deployment and recovery during the Dynamics of the Adriatic in Real Time (DART) experiments are gratefully acknowledged. The success of the field work, including extensive instrument deployment and recovery operations, was greatly facilitated by the dedicated efforts of Mark Hulbert, Andrew Quaid, and Wesley Goode of the NRL technical team. Michel Rixen of the NATO Undersea Research Centre (NURC) led and organized the larger international DART collaborative project and contributed in many ways to the work. The NRL DART project greatly benefited from participation in the NURC/NRL joint Research Project and from contributions by many international partners. ALADIN wind products were provided by Martina Tudor through the Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service. The SEPTR moorings were developed through a cooperative agreement between NRL and NURC and we thank Vittorio Grandi, Lavinio Gualdesi, Alessandro Carta, and Emanuel Coelho for their contributions. Po River discharge data were provided courtesy of ARPA-SIM Emilia Romagna. David Walsh developed the initial AquaShuttle software and processed the wintertime data. Remote sensing images were acquired from NASA and processed by Sherwin Ladner of Planning Systems Incorporated at NRL, Stennis Space Center. A summer student, Aspen Nero assisted with the compilation, editing and interpretation of these images through the Science and Engineering Apprentice Program of the American Society of Engineering Education. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research as part of the "Dynamics of the Adriatic in Real Time" and the "Global Remote Littoral Forcing via Deep Water Pathways" research programs under Program Element Numbers 0602435N and 0601153N, respectively. This is NRL contribution NRL/JA/7330-08-8152. NR 44 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-7963 J9 J MARINE SYST JI J. Mar. Syst. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 78 BP S205 EP S226 DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2009.01.024 PG 22 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 520TW UT WOS:000271872700016 ER PT J AU Casagrande, G Varnas, AW Stephan, Y Folegot, T AF Casagrande, Gaelle Varnas, Alex Warn Stephan, Yann Folegot, Thomas TI Genesis of the coupling of internal wave modes in the Strait of Messina SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Internal solitary waves; Empirical orthogonal function analysis; Scatter diagram; Thermistor chain data; SAR images; Italy, Sicily, Strait of Messina ID SOLITARY WAVE; GENERATION; NORTHERN; CURRENTS AB The internal waves in the south of the Strait of Messina (Italy) are studied using observational data and numerical simulations. The observational data consisted of SAR images, XBT probes, CTD yoyos and thermistor string profiles from the Coastal Ocean Acoustic Changes at High Frequencies (COACH06) cruise. The numerical Lamb model was used to solve the fully nonlinear, nonhydrostatic Boussinesq equations on an f-plane. The model is 2.5 dimensional with spatial variation in a vertical plane extending along depth and in along-stream direction, and neglects derivatives in cross-stream direction. Eleven out of fifteen SAR images contained internal wave events for the month of October 2006. From these images, we estimated some of the internal wave characteristics: a least square fit of the front positions of the southwards propagating internal wave trains gives a propagation speed of 1.00 m s(-1) and a time of release of the bore of about 2 h after maximum northwards tidal flow at Punta Pezzo. Nonhydrostatic dispersion leads to a wavelength increase between the first two internal solitary waves of the trains of 40 m km(-1). Our in-situ data were used to initialize and evaluate the Lamb model. An EOF analysis was applied to the data and the model outputs. The first three empirical functions contain over 99% of the variability. The data and the model results are in very good qualitative and quantitative agreement, giving a propagation depth of the internal solitary wave train around 90 m with a pycnocline oscillating from 80 to 130 m. Using the first two EOFs, an original method for detecting internal waves was developed by analyzing the scatter diagram of the first EOF projection coefficient versus the second EOF projection coefficient. This distribution has a specific "crescent shape" showing that the first two projection coefficients are not independent in the presence of internal wave events. The "crescent shape" signature of the internal waves can be used as an internal wave detector. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Casagrande, Gaelle; Stephan, Yann] Serv Hydrog & Oceanog Marine, F-29200 Brest, France. [Varnas, Alex Warn] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Folegot, Thomas] NATO Undersea Res Ctr, I-19126 La Spezia, Italy. RP Casagrande, G (reprint author), Serv Hydrog & Oceanog Marine, 13 Rue Le Chatellier, F-29200 Brest, France. EM gaelle.casagrande@shom.fr; varnas@nrlssc.navy.mil; yann.stephan@shom.fr; folegot@nurc.nato.int FU Office of Naval Research [PE 62435N] FX This study was carried out thanks to the joint Research Program (JRP) COACH between NURC, SHOM and NRL. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under PE 62435N with technical management provided by the Naval Research Laboratory and by the French Armament Procurement Agency DGA under project ERE06C0052. We thank ESA and CSA for supplying the SAR images and SHOM for providing the oceanographic in-situ data from R/V Beautemps-Beaupre. Special thanks to Jim Hawkins for his real-time support! NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-7963 J9 J MARINE SYST JI J. Mar. Syst. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 78 BP S191 EP S204 DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2009.01.017 PG 14 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 520TW UT WOS:000271872700015 ER PT J AU Coelho, E Peggion, G Rowley, C Jacobs, G Allard, R Rodriguez, E AF Coelho, Emanuel Peggion, Germana Rowley, Clark Jacobs, Gregg Allard, Richard Rodriguez, Elaina TI A note on NCOM temperature forecast error calibration using the ensemble transform SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Ocean ensembles; Forecasting; Ocean models; Forecasting errors; Environmental assessment; (43-45N, 9-10.5E) ID OCEAN; PREDICTION; IMPLEMENTATION; ASSIMILATION; STATISTICS; SYSTEM AB During the MREA07 trial, off the NW coast of Italy in the late spring and summer of 2007, Navy Coastal Ocean Modeling (NCOM) multiple nests free-run ensembles were made available in real-time for the LASIE07 and BP07 events and a fairly complete set of observations were collected inside the inner nests domains. This note addresses the problem of predicting NCOM local unbiased 0-24 h forecast errors by perturbing a limited number of possible error sources through Monte-Carlo simulations, without local data assimilation. It discusses preliminary results using the Ensemble Transform [Bishop, C.H., and Toth. Z., 1999: Ensemble transformation and adaptive observations. journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 56,1748-1765] to calibrate the ensemble spread by adjusting its characteristics (spread-skill relationship and magnitude) to an observed or pre-estimated error field. A small (10 members) ensemble of free runs was used for water column temperature forecast Root Mean Square (RMS) error prediction. After being post-processed they were compared with observed errors and those estimated using time variability as an error proxy. The ensemble runs were generated through atmospheric forcing perturbations using the space-time deformation method as proposed by [Hong, H.X., Bishop, C., 2007. Ensemble and probabilistic forecasting. IUGG XXIV General Assembly 2007, Perugia, Italy. 2-13 July], keeping independent initial conditions. Because at the starting time all runs shared the same IC, the ensemble was run for roughly two weeks for spinning up and then used during the following 10 days for data comparisons, during which the ensemble spread did not diverge and was consistent with the observed dynamics. Comparisons of ensemble spread of temperature profiles with local observed errors and time variability (assumed as an error proxy) showed that they were consistent through this 10 day analysis period, with performances above the non-calibrated ensemble estimates and time-variability used as error proxy. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Coelho, Emanuel; Peggion, Germana; Rowley, Clark; Jacobs, Gregg; Allard, Richard] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Coelho, Emanuel] Univ So Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Peggion, Germana; Rodriguez, Elaina] Univ New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. RP Coelho, E (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM emanuel.coelho.ctr.po@nrlssc.navy.mil OI Rowley, Clark/0000-0003-3496-6404; Allard, Richard/0000-0002-6066-2722 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-08-2-1146] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under the grant N00014-08-2-1146. The authors thank the MREA07 technical and science teams and the ships' crews that carried the in-situ data collection. NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-7963 J9 J MARINE SYST JI J. Mar. Syst. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 78 BP S272 EP S281 DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2009.01.028 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 520TW UT WOS:000271872700021 ER PT J AU Dykes, JD Wang, DW Book, JW AF Dykes, J. D. Wang, D. W. Book, J. W. TI An evaluation of a high-resolution operational wave forecasting system in the Adriatic Sea SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Adriatic Sea; Atmospheric forcing; Model validation; Operational forecasting; Wave forecasting; Wave modeling ID MEDITERRANEAN SEA; PREDICTION MODEL; COASTAL REGIONS; SWAN MODEL; WIND; FIELDS; VERIFICATION; HINDCAST AB The SWAN (Simulating Waves Nearshore) wave model using wind inputs generated by the ALADIN 8-km, operational high-resolution, atmospheric model was run in real-time to provide surface waves forecast for the semi-enclosed Adriatic Sea in support of the "Dynamics of the Adriatic in Real-Time" (DART) field experiments. Together with predictions from other wave and wind models, the successful prediction of a high sea-state event by this model led to a real-time shifting of planned operations while at sea, allowing five ADCP moorings to be deployed just before a bora storm and associated storm waves arrived. The model was also able to simulate the spatial gradients in significant wave height observed by in-situ and remote-sensing measurements for a particular sirocco storm case study, providing an additional perspective in aiding interpretation of the model output of features. To further quantify prediction skill, the wave forecast performance over a 12-month period was evaluated against in-situ and altimeter measurements over the region. Correlation coefficients between forecast and in-situ measured significant wave heights were from 0.82 to 0.91 for the 24-h forecast and from 0.78 to 0.88 for the 48-h forecast. However, best-fit slope comparisons with in-situ wave data at five coastal locations show the forecast wave heights were underpredicted by 10% to 30%. Best-fit slope comparisons between modeled wind speeds, U(10), and significant wave heights, H(s), and altimeter-derived measurements show that model U(10) was about 4% underpredicted, but H(s) was underpredicted by an average of 30%. The underprediction of SWAN H(s) has a very significant location-dependent geographical variation ranging from 10% to over 50%. In addition, the wave model comparison with altimeter H(s) shows a broad region of scatter index exceeding 0.4 along and offshore of the central Croatian coast. Elsewhere the scatter index is generally around 0.3. Compared to previous studies we found that using higher-resolution wind forcing with realistic orography decreased the U(10) underestimation bias, but the magnitude of H(s) underestimation bias did not correspondingly decrease, suggesting that wave model dynamics or wind-wave Coupling deserves further investigation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Dykes, J. D.; Wang, D. W.; Book, J. W.] USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Dykes, JD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, 1009 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM james.dykes@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [0602435 N] FX Thanks to the captains, crews, and scientists of R/V G. Dallaporta, R/V Alliance, and R/V Universitatis. The success of the field work was in large part due to the dedicated efforts of Mark Hulbert, Andrew Quaid, and Wesley Goode of the NRL technical team. Michel Rixen of the NATO Undersea Research Centre (NURC) led and organized the larger international DART collaborative project and contributed in many ways to this work. The NRL DART project greatly benefited from being part of a NURC/NRL joint Research Project and from contributions from many international partners. ALADIN products were from the Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service and were provided through the work of Martina Tudor. We thank APAT for sharing RON wave buoy data. We thank Jacopo Chiggiato and Servizio Idro-Meteo-Clima ARPA-SIMC of Emilia Romagna Region, Bologna, Italy for allowing us to use a snapshot of their SWAN model in the paper; we thank Anneta Mantziafou and the University of Athens for allowing us to use a snapshot of their WAM model in the paper; and we thank Luigi Cavaleri and the Marine Science Institute of the Italian National Research Council for allowing us to use a snapshot of their WAM model in the paper. The research in this paper was supported by the Office of Naval Research as part of the "Dynamics of the Adriatic in Real-Time" and research programs under Program Element Number 0602435 N. This is NRL contribution NRL JA/7320-2008-8156. Finally, we thank the reviewers for their thoughtful and constructive comments to help improve this manuscript. NR 42 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-7963 J9 J MARINE SYST JI J. Mar. Syst. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 78 SU S SI SI BP S255 EP S271 DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2009.01.027 PG 17 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 520TW UT WOS:000271872700020 ER PT J AU Elmore, PA Avera, WE Harris, MM AF Elmore, Paul A. Avera, Will E. Harris, Michael M. TI Use of the AN/AQS-20A tactical mine-hunting system for on-scene bathymetry data SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Bathymetry; Mine countermeasures; Multi-beam sonar AB The effectiveness of mine countermeasures is dependent, in part, on how well warfighters know the ocean environment. Often, knowledge is outdated, in error or absent, requiring rapid environmental assessment on-scene. One way to obtain this assessment is to make dual use of the tactical data from military sensors to extract environmental information. Here, we discuss calibration and data uncertainty associated with using the multibeam volume search sonar onboard a AN/AQS-20A towed mine hunting system to extract multibeam bathymetry data based on data sets obtained from five demonstration flights conducted off the coast of Panama City, Florida. We compare the extracted bathymetry to overlapping data sets from dedicated multibeam echo-sounder systems and find a bias correction for the system. We also identify inaccurate knowledge of the sound velocity profile as a source of measurement error, discuss mitigation of it where possible, and assess how this error affects the uncertainty of the bias correction. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Elmore, Paul A.; Avera, Will E.; Harris, Michael M.] USN, Res Lab, Mapping Charting & Geodesy Branch, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Elmore, PA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Mapping Charting & Geodesy Branch, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM pelmore@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research and Program [0602435N]; Office of the Oceanographer of the Navy [0603704N] FX This work was sponsored under Program Element 0602435N by the Office of Naval Research and Program Element 0603704N by the Office of the Oceanographer of the Navy, with Program management provided by PEO C41 PMW-120 with Capt. Mike Huff (Program Manager), along with Assistant Program Manager, Dr. Ed Mozley. The authors acknowledge and thank NAVOCEANO personnel Doug Cronin for leading the August 2006 Bertram survey, Gail Smith and David Fabre for providing the processed 2006 multibeam bathymetry data and uncertainty estimates, and Mr. Dave Morgerson for transition support. We also thank Dr. J.V. Gardner for his discussions of the 2001 data set, and Mr. Kevin Duvieilh for data processing support. Finally, the many dedicated engineers and scientists at the Naval Surface Weapons Center Panama City (Florida, USA) and Raytheon (Waltham, Massachusetts, USA) are all acknowledged by the authors for their test support, requirements and other assistance. The mention of commercial products or the use of company names does not in any way imply endorsement by the U.S. Navy. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-7963 J9 J MARINE SYST JI J. Mar. Syst. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 78 BP S425 EP S432 DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2009.01.040 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 520TW UT WOS:000271872700035 ER PT J AU Helber, RW Kara, AB Barron, CN Boyer, TP AF Helber, Robert W. Kara, A. Birol Barron, Charlie N. Boyer, Timothy P. TI Mixed layer depth in the Aegean, Marmara, Black and Azov Seas: Part II: Relation to the sonic layer depth SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Sound transmission; Mixed layer depth; Climatology ID SURFACE CIRCULATION; PACIFIC-OCEAN; VARIABILITY; FILTERS; MODEL AB This paper provides the first analysis of the seasonal evolution of the sonic layer depth (SLD) relative to the mixed layer depth (MILD) for the Aegean, Marmara, Black, and Azov Seas. SLID identifies the acoustic ducting capabilities of the upper ocean and is of interest to investigations of upper ocean acoustics. A monthly SLID climatology on a regular 0.25 degrees x 0.25 degrees grid is constructed from interpolation of available quality-controlled ocean temperature and salinity profiles using the kriging methodology. A four step pre-processing procedure is designed to reduce noise and the effects of sampling irregularities. Monthly SLD fields are then compared relative to the much more widely studied MILD as computed using four different methods from the recent scientific literature. The goals of this analysis are to characterize the SLID relative to the MILD and provide a means for computing SLID from limited hydrographic information and/or MLD estimates. Very deep SLID values are found during winter. in the Aegean and Black Seas, when the near surface temperature values become lower than the temperature below the permanent pycnocline. When this occurs, the SLD drops to the bottom while the MLD remains much shallower at the seasonal pycnocline. For the months of May through October the SLID tends to be less than 25 In for the entire region. It is demonstrated that MILD obtained from the four methodologies have high correlations with SLID over the annual cycle, indicating a robust relationship. As a result, SLID can be estimated using least squares regression coefficients when salinity is unavailable or when observation profiles do not extend to deeper levels. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Helber, Robert W.; Kara, A. Birol; Barron, Charlie N.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Boyer, Timothy P.] NOAA, NODC, SSMC 3, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Helber, RW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM robert.helber@nrlssc.navy.mil; birol.kara@nrlssc.navy.mil; charlie.barron@nrlssc.navy.mil; boyer@nodc.noaa.gov RI Barron, Charlie/C-1451-2008 FU Office of Naval Research [602345N] FX This work is a contribution to the Improved Synthetic Ocean Profiles project supported by the Office of Naval Research (program element 602345N). The authors thank the three anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions and comments. This paper is contribution NRL/JA/7320/07/8045 and has been approved for public release. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-7963 J9 J MARINE SYST JI J. Mar. Syst. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 78 SU S SI SI BP S181 EP S190 DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2009.01.023 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 520TW UT WOS:000271872700014 ER PT J AU Incze, ML AF Incze, Michael L. TI Optimized deployment of autonomous underwater vehicles for characterization of coastal waters SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE AUV; Environment; Survey; Optimization; Mission; Planner AB Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV) have evolved most often with specific mission focus areas determined by the defense sponsor or commercial customer. These focus areas have driven platform design and capabilities, as well as the mission planners delivered with these vehicles. While these mission planners have a broad spectrum of sophistication in the interfaces, none provide substantial guidance to the operator in designing a track plan optimized for the physical environment. For some mission areas, survey design is relatively straight-forward. If 100% sensor coverage or over-sampling of an area are required. as is often the case for mine-clearance or industrial reconnaissance, the area of responsibility determines the boundaries, and an estimate of sensor sweep width determines the track spacing. There are other mission areas, however, where area boundaries are too large, and the dynamic parameters too variable, to allow full sensor coverage in a synoptic sense. In these cases, compromises in survey extent and resolution demand track optimization that is driven by vehicle number, speed and endurance trade-offs, spatial and temporal variability of the measured parameters, and environmental factors that physically influence AUV performance. Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) is one critical mission area where survey optimization is essential, and the selection of waypoints, depths, and geometries to best characterize the changing physical environment with limited platforms and time becomes a critical challenge. Researchers at the Naval Undersea Warfare Division, Newport are using commercially available AUVs from OceanServer Technologies, Inc. (OSTI) with YSI oceanographic sensors to conduct REA surveys in shallow waters. Dynamic Graphics, Inc. (DGI) software is used to establish a 3-D grid and compare the incoming data log files from the AUV sensors with the developing detail of the oceanographic characterization. Confidence estimates are generated in near real-time to represent cost versus benefit of continued survey effort. On-board adjustments to initial survey design, such as increased track spacing, can result from this evaluation to reduce the survey effort and still meet the tactical requirements for accuracy and precision. Field experiments with OSTI AUVs in Lake Champlain, NY and South Watuppa Pond, MA in July, 2007 demonstrated that DGI software could develop high-fidelity data-centric 2-D and 3-D characterizations of environmental parameters with irregular trackline data. The characterizations were suitable for statistical evaluation in near-real time to assess the return on continued survey effort and to recognize dynamic areas for subsequent survey focus. For these environments, reductions in total survey effort of 50%-70% could be achieved with little loss in 2D- and 3D-grid fidelity or feature definition. While the potential for reduction in survey effort is a function of environmental variability, the strength of this approach lies in the ability to establish in-stride the minimum effort required for a fidelity threshold without a first-guess field or a priori knowledge. Processing times and results support future on-board, in-stride analysis by AUVs for survey re-planning to optimize track and depth plans. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, Newport, RI 02842 USA. RP Incze, ML (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02842 USA. EM inczeml@npt.nuwc.navy.mil NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-7963 J9 J MARINE SYST JI J. Mar. Syst. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 78 BP S415 EP S424 DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2009.01.039 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 520TW UT WOS:000271872700034 ER PT J AU Kara, AB Helber, RW Boyer, TP Elsner, JB AF Kara, A. Birol Helber, Robert W. Boyer, Timothy P. Elsner, James B. TI Mixed layer depth in the Aegean, Marmara, Black and Azov Seas: Part I: General features SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Mixed layer depth; The Aegean and Black Seas; Kriging; Climatology ID BARRIER LAYER; OCEAN; VARIABILITY; WATER AB Climatological fields of mixed layer depth (MLD) are presented over the Aegean, Marmara, Black and Azov Seas. Monthly fields of MLD are formed by historical individual temperature and salinity profiles from combination of various data sets with additional quality control procedures applied. Various definitions that are based solely on temperature (T) or those that include the impact of salinity (S) are applied to investigate the robustness in the pattern and values of the MLDs. Interpolation of the MLD fields to a 0.25 degrees x 0.25 degrees regular grid over the region is accomplished using a combination of median filter and ordinary kriging. Strong seasonal variability is noted in all regions. Given a density-based MLD criterion that includes both T and S, deep mixed layers (>200 m) are noted in the Aegean Sea, especially eastern part of the region during winter while MLDs are generally much shallower (<60 m) in the Black Sea. A criterion based on curvature method, which determines MILD according to first maximum of curvature of T may fail in representing deep MLDs in the Aegean Sea when the water column is well mixed. MLD fields obtained from all definitions are found to be strongly correlated to each other over the seasonal cycle, confirming the strong seasonal cycle. While the curvature method gives shallow MLDs only during winter, it has relatively large skill in comparison to the density-based MLD criterion. In general. MLD fields suffer from lack of input T and S profiles in the Marmara and Azov Seas, thus they may not be representative. Monthly MLD fields presented in this paper are available for various applications, such as mixed layer studies, ocean biology, ocean modeling and acoustic propagation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kara, A. Birol; Helber, Robert W.] USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Boyer, Timothy P.] NOAA, Natl Oceanog Data Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Elsner, James B.] Florida State Univ, Dept Geog, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Kara, AB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM birol.kara@nrlssc.navy.mil; robert.helber@nrlssc.navy.mil; tim.boyer@nodc.noaa.gov; jelsner@fsu.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX This work is supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) under The 6.2 project, HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model and Advanced Data Assimilation. We would like to thank A. Wallcraft and C. Barron for their helpful discussions. Appreciation is extended to reviewers for their comments. This paper is contribution NRL/JA/7320/07/8046 and has been approved for public release. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-7963 EI 1879-1573 J9 J MARINE SYST JI J. Mar. Syst. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 78 SU S SI SI BP S169 EP S180 DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2009.01.022 PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 520TW UT WOS:000271872700013 ER PT J AU Kara, AB Wallcraft, AJ Martin, PJ Pauley, RL AF Kara, A. Birol Wallcraft, Alan J. Martin, Paul J. Pauley, Randal L. TI Optimizing surface winds using QuikSCAT measurements in the Mediterranean Sea during 2000-2006 SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Mediterranean Sea; Coastal winds; QuikSCAT; Land contamination; HYCOM ID SEAWINDS SCATTEROMETER; BASIN; SCALE; LAYER AB Interannual variability of wind speed at 10 m above the sea surface is investigated over the Mediterranean Sea, with a particular focus near land-sea boundaries. For this purpose, monthly mean winds are formed at a resolution of 0.25 degrees using twice-daily, rain-free, wind measurements calibrated to equivalent neutral winds from the QuikSCAT satellite during 2000-2006. A stability correction applied to these satellite-based winds reveals that the equivalent neutral winds are typically stronger by 0.2 ms(-1), and can even be stronger by >0.5 ms(-1) in some regions, including the Adriatic and Aegean Seas. Thus, the impact of air-sea stratification on the winds cannot be neglected, even on monthly time scales. Winds from a numerical weather prediction (NWP) model, the 0.5 degrees-resolution Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS), are found to have close agreement with the satellite-based winds. However, major differences arise near coastal boundaries where the winds from NOGAPS over the sea are contaminated by wind values over the land. Land-sea mask values from NOGAPS are introduced to examine the extent of the contamination, which can be severe (e.g., 2 ms(-1) weaker) in comparison with QuikSCAT winds, especially near the northern boundaries. A creeping sea-fill methodology applied to the NOGAPS winds typically results in better agreement with the satellite winds. The accuracy of the NOGAPS winds is further improved by correcting them based on the satellite winds using a linear regression analysis. Finally, a 3.5-km-resolution HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) is forced with these original, sea-filled and regression-corrected NOGAPS winds. Sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) simulated by HYCOM demonstrate that the land-contaminated original winds from NOGAPS result in a relatively warm SST bias of >2 degrees C in comparison to a satellite-SST analysis near the coastal boundaries. Sea-filled and regression-corrected winds significantly improve the accuracy of the SSTs from the model. The results presented in this paper clearly reveal that (I) stability dependence in the satellite winds cannot be ignored and (2) winds from a NWP product (NOGAPS here) over the sea may not be accurate near land-sea boundaries due to contamination by land values and can be improved either locally or via a regression against QuikSCAT winds. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kara, A. Birol; Wallcraft, Alan J.; Martin, Paul J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Pauley, Randal L.] FNMOC, Monterey, CA USA. RP Kara, AB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM birol.kara@nrlssc.navy.mil; alan.wallcraft@nrlssc.navy.mil; paul.martin@nrlssc.navy.mil; randal.pauley@navy.mil NR 21 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-7963 J9 J MARINE SYST JI J. Mar. Syst. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 78 BP S119 EP S131 DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2009.01.020 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 520TW UT WOS:000271872700010 ER PT J AU Rixen, M Book, JW Carta, A Grandi, V Gualdesi, L Stoner, R Ranelli, P Cavanna, A Zanasca, P Baldasserini, G Trangeled, A Lewis, C Trees, C Grasso, R Giannechini, S Fabiani, A Merani, D Berni, A Leonard, M Martin, P Rowley, C Hulbert, M Quaid, A Goode, W Preller, R Pinardi, N Oddo, P Guarnieri, A Chiggiato, J Carniel, S Russo, A Tudor, M Lenartz, F Vandenbulcke, L AF Rixen, Michel Book, Jeffrey W. Carta, Alessandro Grandi, Vittorio Gualdesi, Lavinio Stoner, Richard Ranelli, Peter Cavanna, Andrea Zanasca, Pietro Baldasserini, Gisella Trangeled, Alex Lewis, Craig Trees, Chuck Grasso, Rafaelle Giannechini, Simone Fabiani, Alessio Merani, Diego Berni, Alessandro Leonard, Michel Martin, Paul Rowley, Clark Hulbert, Mark Quaid, Andrew Goode, Wesley Preller, Ruth Pinardi, Nadia Oddo, Paolo Guarnieri, Antonio Chiggiato, Jacopo Carniel, Sandro Russo, Aniello Tudor, Martina Lenartz, Fabian Vandenbulcke, Luc TI Improved ocean prediction skill and reduced uncertainty in the coastal region from multi-model super-ensembles SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Ocean prediction skill; Uncertainties; Multi model super-ensembles; Coastal environments; Kalman Filter; Particle Filter ID SURFACE DRIFT PREDICTION; DATA ASSIMILATION; ADRIATIC SEA; SATELLITE PRODUCTS; CLIMATE FORECASTS; SHORT-RANGE; PART II; MODEL; SUPERENSEMBLE; PARAMETERIZATION AB The use of Multi-model Super-Ensembles (SE) which optimally combine different models, has been shown to significantly improve atmospheric weather and climate predictions. In the highly dynamic coastal ocean, the presence of small-scales processes. the lack of real-time data, and the limited skill of operational models at the meso-scale have so far limited the application of SE methods. Here, we report results from state-of-the-art super-ensemble techniques in which SEPTR (a trawl-resistant bottom mounted instrument platform transmitting data in near real-time) temperature profile data are combined with outputs from eight ocean models run in a coastal area during the Dynamics of the Adriatic in Real-Time (DART) experiment in 2006. New Kalman filter and particle filter based SE methods, which allow for dynamic evolution of weights and associated uncertainty, are compared to standard SE techniques and numerical models. Results show that dynamic SE are able to significantly improve prediction skill. In particular, the particle fitter SE copes with non-Gaussian error statistics and provides robust and reduced uncertainty estimates. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rixen, Michel; Carta, Alessandro; Grandi, Vittorio; Gualdesi, Lavinio; Stoner, Richard; Ranelli, Peter; Cavanna, Andrea; Zanasca, Pietro; Baldasserini, Gisella; Trangeled, Alex; Lewis, Craig; Trees, Chuck; Grasso, Rafaelle; Giannechini, Simone; Fabiani, Alessio; Merani, Diego; Berni, Alessandro; Leonard, Michel] NATO Undersea Res Ctr NURC, La Spezia, Italy. [Book, Jeffrey W.; Martin, Paul; Rowley, Clark; Hulbert, Mark; Quaid, Andrew; Goode, Wesley; Preller, Ruth] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Pinardi, Nadia; Oddo, Paolo; Guarnieri, Antonio] INGV, Bologna, Italy. [Chiggiato, Jacopo; Carniel, Sandro] CNR, ISMRA, Venice, Italy. [Russo, Aniello] Univ Politecn Marche, Ancona, Italy. [Tudor, Martina] Meteorol & Hydrol Serv, Zagreb, Croatia. [Lenartz, Fabian; Vandenbulcke, Luc] Univ Liege, MARE GHER, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. RP Rixen, M (reprint author), NATO Undersea Res Ctr NURC, La Spezia, Italy. EM rixen@nurc.nato.int RI Russo, Aniello/A-2319-2010; Carniel, Sandro/J-9278-2012; CNR, Ismar/P-1247-2014; OI Russo, Aniello/0000-0003-3651-8146; Carniel, Sandro/0000-0001-8317-1603; CNR, Ismar/0000-0001-5351-1486; Pinardi, Nadia/0000-0003-4765-0775; Rowley, Clark/0000-0003-3496-6404; Chiggiato, Jacopo/0000-0002-0998-6473; Tudor, Martina/0000-0002-2683-2652 FU Office of Naval Research [0602435N] FX This work was performed by the NURC funded by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in the framework of the DART joint Research Program with the Naval Research Laboratory at Stennis Space Center, and in collaboration with 33 partner institutions whose contribution is gratefully acknowledged. Funding for the Naval Research Laboratory work was provided by the Office of Naval Research under Program Element Number 0602435N. NR 52 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-7963 J9 J MARINE SYST JI J. Mar. Syst. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 78 SU S SI SI BP S282 EP S289 DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2009.01.014 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 520TW UT WOS:000271872700022 ER PT J AU Rixen, M Book, JW Orlic, M AF Rixen, Michel Book, Jeffrey W. Orlic, Mirko TI Coastal processes: Challenges for monitoring and prediction Preface SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Rixen, Michel] NURC NATO Undersea Res Ctr, I-19126 La Spezia, Italy. [Book, Jeffrey W.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Orlic, Mirko] Univ Zagreb, Fac Sci, Andrija Mohorovicic Geophys Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. RP Rixen, M (reprint author), NURC NATO Undersea Res Ctr, Viale San Bartolomeo 400, I-19126 La Spezia, Italy. EM rixen@nurc.nato.int; book@nrlssc.navy.mil; orlic@irb.hr RI Orlic, Mirko/J-3861-2012 OI Orlic, Mirko/0000-0002-1978-7208 NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-7963 J9 J MARINE SYST JI J. Mar. Syst. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 78 BP S1 EP S2 DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2009.01.006 PG 2 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 520TW UT WOS:000271872700001 ER PT J AU Vilibic, I Book, JW Paklar, GB Orlic, M Dadic, V Tudor, M Martin, PJ Pasaric, M Grbec, B Matic, F Mihanovic, H Morovic, M AF Vilibic, Ivica Book, Jeffrey W. Paklar, Gordana Beg Orlic, Mirko Dadic, Vlado Tudor, Martina Martin, Paul J. Pasaric, Miroslava Grbec, Branka Matic, Frano Mihanovic, Hrvoje Morovic, Mira TI West Adriatic coastal water excursions into the East Adriatic SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Ocean circulation; In situ measurements; Modelling; Topographic features; Atmospheric forcing; Adriatic Sea ID SEA GENERAL-CIRCULATION; SURFACE CIRCULATION; OCEAN MODEL; SHELF; DYNAMICS; VARIABILITY; TRANSPORT; MASSES; PLUME; FIELD AB A pool of less saline surface waters was observed in late June 2006 at the northern edge of the South Adriatic Pit (SAP). Three possible sources were considered: (1) Albanian rivers, (2) local Croatian rivers, or (3) relatively fresh West Adriatic Current (WAC) waters. Available CTD and ADCP data, together with satellite images indicate that WAC waters are the most likely source. This requires an excursion of WAC water across the width of the Adriatic and is especially Surprising as low winds and stable atmospheric conditions prevailed in mid/late June. However, quite strong NNW winds occurred during the first 12 days of June, with peak winds close to the western shore. These winds were the result of the translation of the Azorean high to the British Isles, producing strong pressure gradients over the Adriatic. The winds enhanced the WAC during early June 2006, preconditioning a cross-basin eddy circulation that appeared during the wind relaxation and calm conditions. As the unusually calm conditions persisted for more than two weeks, the WAC eddies and filaments grew freely and had enough time to reach middle cast Adriatic waters. Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) simulations, using high-resolution Adriatic bathymetry and realistic atmospheric forcing show that such excursions are plausible and can occur when eddies and instabilities push WAC waters across the hyperbolic flow point separating the WAC and Eastern Adriatic Currents near the Palagruza Sill. During the latter half of June 2006, NCOM simulations show that the hyperbolic point was particularly well formed as an anticyclonic WAC, a cyclonic SAP rim flow, an anticyclonic cell Southeast of Lastovo Island, and a cyclonic cell over the centre of the Palagruza Sill all bordered on each other. A simplified channel model suggests that the presence of the escarpment is a critical factor for producing cross-basin exchange of the coastal current following the relaxation of strong winds with a cyclonic wind-stress curl. However, the introduction of the Gargano Peninsula in the simulations was critical to the production of mesoscale eddies in the exchange flow, and such eddies qualitatively agree with the convoluted structures observed in satellite images. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Vilibic, Ivica; Paklar, Gordana Beg; Dadic, Vlado; Grbec, Branka; Matic, Frano; Morovic, Mira] Inst Oceanog & Fisheries, Split 21000, Croatia. [Book, Jeffrey W.; Martin, Paul J.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Orlic, Mirko; Pasaric, Miroslava] Univ Zagreb, Fac Sci, Andrija Mohorovici Geophys Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. [Tudor, Martina] Meteorol & Hydrol Serv, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. [Mihanovic, Hrvoje] Hydrog Inst Republ Croatia, Split 21000, Croatia. RP Vilibic, I (reprint author), Inst Oceanog & Fisheries, Setaliste 1,Mestrovica 63, Split 21000, Croatia. EM vilibic@izor.hr RI Dadic, Vlado/C-4329-2012; Orlic, Mirko/J-3861-2012; Matic, Frano/F-7532-2011; OI Orlic, Mirko/0000-0002-1978-7208; Matic, Frano/0000-0003-0392-4172; Tudor, Martina/0000-0002-2683-2652 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-05-1-0698]; Ministry of Science, Education, and Sports (MSES) of the Republic of Croatia [001-0013077-1122, 001-0013077-1118, 119-1193086-3085, 004-1193086-3036] FX We thank the crews of R/Vs Alliance, Bios, and Palagruza for taking part in the Internal Tidal Hydrodynamics and Ambient Characteristics of the Adriatic (ITHACA) and Dynamics of the Adriatic in Real Time (DART) experiments and for their professional and efficient contributions to the field-work phase. We are also indebted to all of the scientists, engineers, and technicians for participating in deployment and recovery of the instruments in a highly competent and motivated manner. The Meteorological and Hydrological Service of the Republic of Croatia kindly provided meteorological data at the synoptic stations, and river discharges and heights for the Croatian rivers. Daily Po River discharges were supplied by the Agenzia Regionale Prevenzione e Ambiente (ARPA) dell'Emilia Romagna - Struttura Oceanografica Daphne. CTD measurements at the PA and DU transects were taken within the Croatian national monitoring programme "Jadran". Mean surface air pressure and anomaly fields over the Europe were taken from the National Centres for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) website, http://www.ncep.noaa.gov. Satellite images were processed by the Gruppo di Oceanografia da Satellite and taken from the http://gos.ifa.rm.cnr.it website. The ITHACA project has been supported by the Office of Naval Research (grant N00014-05-1-0698) and the Ministry of Science, Education, and Sports (MSES) of the Republic of Croatia. The work of J.W. Book and P.J. Martin was funded by the Office of Naval Research as part of the DART and Global Remote Littoral Forcing via Deep Water Pathways research programs under respective Program Element Numbers 0602435N and 0601153N. Additional support given by MSES is also acknowledged (grants 001-0013077-1122,001-0013077-1118,119-1193086-3085 and 004-1193086-3036). NR 59 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-7963 J9 J MARINE SYST JI J. Mar. Syst. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 78 BP S132 EP S156 DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2009.01.015 PG 25 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 520TW UT WOS:000271872700011 ER PT J AU Kostoff, RN Koytcheff, RG Lau, CGY AF Kostoff, Ronald N. Koytcheff, Raymond G. Lau, Clifford G. Y. TI Seminal Nanotechnology Literature: A Review SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Nanoparticle; Nanotube; Nanostructure; Nanocomposite; Nanowire; Nanocrystal; Nanotechnology; Nanomaterial; Nanoscience; Information Technology; Text Mining; Bibliometrics; Citation Analysis; Computational Linguistics; Document Clustering; Correlation Map; Factor Matrix; Instrument; Instrumentation; X-ray Diffraction; Microscopy; Spectroscopy; Raman Spectroscopy; Calorimetry; XRD; TEM; SEM; STM; AFM ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; LAYERED SILICATE NANOCOMPOSITES; QUANTUM-DOT SUPERLATTICES; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; NANOWIRE BUILDING-BLOCKS; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPE; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES AB This paper uses complementary text mining techniques to identify and retrieve the high impact (seminal) nanotechnology literature over a span of time. Following a brief scientometric analysis of the seminal articles retrieved, these seminal articles are then used as a basis for a comprehensive literature survey of nanoscience and nanotechnology. The paper ends with a global analysis of the relation of seminal nanotechnology document production to total nanotechnology document production. C1 [Lau, Clifford G. Y.] Inst Def Anal, Alexandria, VA 22311 USA. [Kostoff, Ronald N.; Koytcheff, Raymond G.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Kostoff, RN (reprint author), Mitre Corp, 7515 Colshire Dr, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. NR 290 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 42 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI VALENCIA PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA SN 1533-4880 EI 1533-4899 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 9 IS 11 BP 6239 EP 6270 DI 10.1166/jnn.2009.1465 PG 32 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 502OZ UT WOS:000270471100001 PM 19908521 ER PT J AU Dartyge, C Luca, F Stanica, P AF Dartyge, Cecile Luca, Florian Stanica, Pantelimon TI On digit sums of multiples of an integer SO JOURNAL OF NUMBER THEORY LA English DT Article DE Sum of digits; Carmichael lambda function; Sturdy numbers AB Let g > 1 be an integer and s(g)(m) be the sum of digits in base g of the positive integer M. In this paper, we study the positive integers n such that s(g)(n) and s(g)(kn) satisfy certain relations for a fixed, or arbitrary positive integer k. In the first part of the paper, we prove that if n is not a power of g, then there exists a nontrivial multiple of n say kn such that s(g)(n) = s(g)(kn) In the second part of the paper, we show that for any K > 0 the set of the integers n satisfying s(g)(n) <= K s(g)(kn) for all k is an element of N is of asymptotic density 0. This gives an affirmative answer to a question of W.M Schmidt (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved C1 [Luca, Florian] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Dartyge, Cecile] Univ Nancy 1, Inst Eli Cartan, F-54506 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. [Stanica, Pantelimon] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Luca, F (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. FU NPS FX Work by the second author was done in the Spring of 2007 while he visited the Naval Postgraduate School He would like to thank this institution for its hospitality The third author was supported by a RIP grant from NPS NR 14 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-314X J9 J NUMBER THEORY JI J. Number Theory PD NOV PY 2009 VL 129 IS 11 BP 2820 EP 2830 DI 10.1016/j.jnt.2009.04.003 PG 11 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 576OT UT WOS:000276154900016 ER PT J AU Kartuzova, O Danila, D Ibrahim, MB Volino, RJ AF Kartuzova, Olga Danila, Daniel Ibrahim, Mounir B. Volino, Ralph J. TI Computational Simulation of Cylindrical Film Hole with Jet Pulsation on Flat Plates SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article ID MODEL; FLOW AB Film cooling of flat plates with pulsation were simulated using FLUENT (TM) commercial code with realizable k-epsilon turbulence model. The simulations were done for nominal blowing ratios 0.5 and 1.5, duty cycle = 50%, and Strouhal number ranging from 0.0119 to 1.0. Pulsation helps to lower the amount of cool air from the compressor, which is desirable for film-cooling applications. Pulsed jets performance significantly depends on geometry and blowing ratio. From the cases studied and for steady flow with attached jets, pulsation considerably decreases the film-cooling effectiveness. On the other hand, for steady flow cases where jet liftoff occurs (e.g., higher blowing ratios), pulsation helps to increase the film-cooling effectiveness. C1 [Kartuzova, Olga; Danila, Daniel; Ibrahim, Mounir B.] Cleveland State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. [Volino, Ralph J.] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Kartuzova, O (reprint author), Cleveland State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. EM m.ibrahim@csuohio.edu; volino@usna.edu RI Volino, Ralph/G-9293-2011 FU U.S. Department of Energy; Department of Energy [DE-FC26-06NT42853]; Zonta International Amelia Earhart Fellowship FX This work was performed under partial sponsorship from the U.S. Department of Energy with Michael Knaggs as contract monitor. Department of Energy grant number DE-FC26-06NT42853. The first author gratefully acknowledges support from Zonta International Amelia Earhart Fellowship. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD NOV-DEC PY 2009 VL 25 IS 6 BP 1249 EP 1258 DI 10.2514/1.40299 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 529DY UT WOS:000272497300011 ER PT J AU Symonds, CL AF Symonds, Craig L. TI If By Sea: The Forging of the American Navy-From the American Revolution to the War of 1812 SO JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Symonds, Craig L.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Symonds, CL (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN HISTORICAL ASSOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, HISTORY DEPT, ATHENS, GA 30602 USA SN 0022-4642 J9 J SOUTHERN HIST JI J. South. Hist. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 75 IS 4 BP 1042 EP 1043 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 520KD UT WOS:000271842000015 ER PT J AU McCamish, SB Romano, M Nolet, S Edwards, CM Miller, DW AF McCamish, Shawn B. Romano, Marcello Nolet, Simon Edwards, Christine M. Miller, David W. TI Flight Testing of Multiple-Spacecraft Control on SPHERES During Close-Proximity Operations SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference CY AUG 18-21, 2008 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut ID AUTONOMOUS DOCKING; ALGORITHM; PROGRAM AB A multiple-spacecraft close-proximity control algorithm was implemented and tested with the Synchronized Position Hold Engage and Reorient Experimental Satellites (SPHERES) facility onboard the International Space Station. During flight testing, a chaser satellite successfully approached a virtual target satellite while avoiding collision with a virtual obstacle satellite. This research contributes to the control of multiple spacecraft for emerging missions, which may require simultaneous gathering, rendezvous, and docking. The unique control algorithm was developed at the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School and integrated onto the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's SPHERES facility. The control algorithm implemented combines the efficiency of the linear quadratic regulator (used for attraction toward goal positions) and the robust collision-avoidance capability of the artificial potential field method (used for repulsion from moving obstacles). The amalgamation of these two control methods into a multiple-spacecraft close-proximity control algorithm yielded promising results, as demonstrated by simulations. Comprehensive simulation evaluation enabled implementation and ground testing of the spacecraft control algorithm on the SPHERES facility. Successful ground testing led to the execution of flight experiments onboard the International Space Station, which demonstrated the proposed algorithm in a microgravity environment. C1 [McCamish, Shawn B.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Romano, Marcello] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Nolet, Simon; Edwards, Christine M.] MIT, Space Syst Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Miller, David W.] MIT, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP McCamish, SB (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 700 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM shanomar1@yahoo.com; mromano@nps.edu; snolet@alum.mit.edu; cmedwards@alum.mit.edu; millerd@mit.edu RI Romano, Marcello/C-7972-2013 NR 42 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD NOV-DEC PY 2009 VL 46 IS 6 BP 1202 EP 1213 DI 10.2514/1.43563 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 534NE UT WOS:000272903600014 ER PT J AU Means, SL Siderius, M AF Means, Steven L. Siderius, Martin TI Effects of sea-surface conditions on passive fathometry and bottom characterization SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID NOISE CROSS-CORRELATION; AMBIENT NOISE; GREENS-FUNCTION; EMERGENCE AB Recently, a method has been developed that exploits the correlation properties of the ocean's ambient noise to measure water depth (a passive fathometer) and seabed layering [M. Siderius et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 120, 1315-1323 (2006)]. This processing is based on the cross-correlation between the surface noise and the echo return from the seabed. To quantitatively study the dependency between processing and environmental factors such as wind speed, measurements were made using a fixed hydrophone array while simultaneously characterizing the environment. The measurements were made in 2006 in the shallow waters (25 m) approximately 75 km off the coast of Savannah, GA. A Navy tower about 100 m from the array was used to measure wind speed and to observe the sea-surface using a video camera. Data were collected in various environmental conditions with wind speeds ranging from 5 to 21 m/s and wave heights of 1-3.4 m. The data are analyzed to quantify the dependency of passive fathometer results on wind speeds, wave conditions, and averaging times. One result shows that the seabed reflection is detectable even in the lowest wind conditions. Further, a technique is developed to remove the environmental dependency so that the returns estimate seabed impedance. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3216915] C1 [Means, Steven L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Siderius, Martin] Portland State Univ, Maseeh Coll Engn & Comp Sci, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Means, SL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7120,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM steve.means@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by Office of Naval Research base funding at the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 126 IS 5 BP 2234 EP 2241 DI 10.1121/1.3216915 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 515XU UT WOS:000271507000022 PM 19894804 ER PT J AU Finette, S AF Finette, Steven TI A stochastic response surface formulation of acoustic propagation through an uncertain ocean waveguide environment SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID POLYNOMIAL CHAOS; TRANSMISSION LOSS; INVERSION AB Stochastic basis expansions are applied to formulate and solve the problem of including uncertainty in numerical models of acoustic wave propagation within ocean waveguides. As an example, a constrained least-squares approach is used to estimate the intensity of an acoustic field whose waveguide environment has uncertainty in both source depth and sound speed. The mean intensity, a second moment of the field, and its probability distribution are computed and compared with independent Monte-Carlo computations of these quantities. Very good agreement is obtained, indicating the potential of stochastic basis expansions for describing multiple sources of uncertainty and their effect on acoustic propagation. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3212918] C1 USN, Acoust Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Finette, S (reprint author), USN, Acoust Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX The author would like to thank Dr. Dennis Creamer for development of an algorithm to compute the chaos basis functionals as well as several useful discussions. This work was supported by funding from the Office of Naval Research under the NRL base funded program on Acoustic Field Uncertainty. NR 13 TC 14 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 126 IS 5 BP 2242 EP 2247 DI 10.1121/1.3212918 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 515XU UT WOS:000271507000023 PM 19894805 ER PT J AU Bucaro, JA Simpson, H Kraus, L Dragonette, LR Yoder, T Houston, BH AF Bucaro, J. A. Simpson, H. Kraus, L. Dragonette, L. R. Yoder, T. Houston, B. H. TI Bistatic scattering from submerged unexploded ordnance lying on a sediment SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB The broadband bistatic target strengths (TSs) of two submerged unexploded ordnance (UXO) targets have been measured in the NRL sediment pool facility. The targets-a 5 in. rocket and a 155 mm projectile-were among the targets whose monostatic TSs were measured and reported previously by the authors. Bistatic TS measurements were made for 0 degrees (target front) and 90 degrees (target side) incident source directions, and include both backscattered and forward scattered echo angles over a complete 360 degrees with the targets placed proud of the sediment surface. For the two source angles used, each target exhibits two strong highlights: a backscattered specular-like echo and a forward scattered response. The TS levels of the former are shown to agree reasonably well with predictions, based on scattering from rigid disks and cylinders, while the levels of the latter with predictions from radar cross section models, based on simple geometric optics appropriately modified. The bistatic TS levels observed for the proud case provide comparable or higher levels of broadband TS relative to free-field monostatic measurements. It is concluded that access to bistatic echo information in operations aimed at detecting submerged UXO targets could provide an important capability. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3212920] C1 [Bucaro, J. A.; Simpson, H.; Kraus, L.; Dragonette, L. R.; Yoder, T.; Houston, B. H.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Bucaro, JA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM bucaro@pa.nrl.navy.mil FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP); ONR FX This work was carried out under support from the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) and ONR. J.A.B. is an on-site contractor for EX-CET, Inc. (Springfield, VA 22151). L. K. and T.Y. are on-site contractors for Global Strategies Group. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 126 IS 5 BP 2315 EP 2323 DI 10.1121/1.3212920 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 515XU UT WOS:000271507000032 PM 19894814 ER PT J AU Kircher, SS Murray, LE Juliano, ML AF Kircher, Sara S. Murray, Len E. Juliano, Michael L. TI Minimizing Trauma to the Upper Airway: A Ferret Model of Neonatal Intubation SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; ANIMAL-MODELS; LIFE-SUPPORT; SORE THROAT; DEXAMETHASONE; MANAGEMENT; OBSTRUCTION; INFECTION; VACCINE; SKILLS AB Our objective was to determine whether an adult ferret can be intubated as many as 10 times per training session without resulting in trauma to the upper airway. In this program, 8 male ferrets rotated through intubation laboratories, limiting the use of each animal to once every 3 mo. Animals were examined by the veterinary staff after intubations to assess for trauma to upper airway tissue. Each examination was given a trauma grade of 0 for no visible signs of trauma, 1 if erythema of the larynx was present, 2 if visible excoriation of the mucus membranes was present, and 3 if bleeding (frank hemorrhage) was observed. The number of intubation attempts was restricted to 10 per animal per training session. A total of 170 intubations were completed on the ferrets during a 12-mo period. The average number of intubations per laboratory was 8.1 intubations per ferret. In addition, 1.8% of the intubations resulted in erythema (score, 1) after training, and 0.6% of the intubations resulted in excoriation (score, 2). Frank hemorrhage (score, 3) was not noted. The overall percentage of intubations resulting in any trauma during a training session was 0.02%. None of the animals have experienced any major complications to date. This ongoing training program has been used to teach neonatal intubation skills to emergency medicine residents for the past 12 mo. Ensuring the health and safety of the ferrets was paramount. Our results suggest that as many as 10 intubation attempts per session can be performed safely on each ferret without causing excessive trauma. C1 [Kircher, Sara S.; Juliano, Michael L.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Murray, Len E.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest & Res, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP Kircher, SS (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Portsmouth, VA USA. EM sara.kircher@med.navy.mil NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 48 IS 6 BP 780 EP 784 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 522OR UT WOS:000272008100013 PM 19930827 ER PT J AU Chen, JH Peng, MS Reynolds, CA Wu, CC AF Chen, Jan-Huey Peng, Melinda S. Reynolds, Carolyn A. Wu, Chun-Chieh TI Interpretation of Tropical Cyclone Forecast Sensitivity from the Singular Vector Perspective SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID POTENTIAL VORTICITY DIAGNOSTICS; ADAPTIVE OBSERVING GUIDANCE; TARGETED OBSERVATIONS; HURRICANE MOVEMENT; DROPWINDSONDE OBSERVATIONS; MIDLATITUDE TROUGH; BINARY INTERACTION; STEERING VECTOR; TRACK; IMPACT AB In this study, the leading singular vectors (SVs), which are the fastest-growing perturbations (in a linear sense) to a given forecast, are used to examine and classify the dynamic relationship between tropical cyclones (TCs) and synoptic-scale environmental features that influence their evolution. Based on the 72 two-day forecasts of the 18 western North Pacific TCs in 2006, the SVs are constructed to optimize perturbation energy within a 208 3 208 latitude-longitude box centered on the 48-h forecast position of the TCs using the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS) forecast and adjoint systems. Composite techniques are employed to explore these relationships and highlight how the dominant synoptic-scale features that impact TC forecasts evolve on seasonal time scales. The NOGAPS initial SVs show several different patterns that highlight the relationship between the TC forecast sensitivity and the environment during the western North Pacific typhoon season in 2006. In addition to the relation of the SV maximum to the inward flow region of the TC, there are three patterns identified where the local SV maxima collocate with low-radial-wind-speed regions. These regions are likely caused by the confluence of the flow associated with the TC itself and the flow from other synoptic systems, such as the subtropical high and the midlatitude jet. This is the new finding beyond the previous NOGAPS SV results on TCs. The subseasonal variations of these patterns corresponding to the dynamic characteristics are discussed. The SV total energy vertical structures for the different composites are used to demonstrate the contributions from kinetic and potential energy components of different vertical levels at initial and final times. C1 [Chen, Jan-Huey; Wu, Chun-Chieh] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Peng, Melinda S.; Reynolds, Carolyn A.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. RP Chen, JH (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, 1,Sec 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan. EM cwuchen@typhoon.as.ntu.edu.tw OI Reynolds, Carolyn/0000-0003-4690-4171; Wu, Chun-Chieh/0000-0002-3612-4537 FU National Science Council of Taiwan through Graduate Students Study Abroad Program [NSC96-2917-I-002-004, NSC95-2119-M-002-039-MY2]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-05-1-0672, N00173-08-1-G007]; National Taiwan University [97R0302]; Office of Naval Research (ONR) through Program Element; [0601153N] FX The work is supported by the National Science Council of Taiwan through Graduate Students Study Abroad Program (Grant NSC96-2917-I-002-004) and Grant NSC95-2119-M-002-039-MY2, the Office of Naval Research Grants N00014-05-1-0672 and N00173-08-1-G007, and National Taiwan University Grant 97R0302. M. S. Peng and C. A. Reynolds gratefully acknowledge the support of the sponsor, the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through Program Element and 0601153N. The DoD High Performance Computing Program at NAVO MSRC provided part of the computing resources. NR 45 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 66 IS 11 BP 3383 EP 3400 DI 10.1175/2009JAS3063.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 518KG UT WOS:000271689700009 ER PT J AU Reinecke, PA Durran, DR AF Reinecke, Patrick A. Durran, Dale R. TI Initial-Condition Sensitivities and the Predictability of Downslope Winds SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; AMPLITUDE MOUNTAIN WAVES; DATA ASSIMILATION; GRAVITY-WAVES; FLOW; TOPOGRAPHY; SIMULATION; TURBULENCE; STABILITY; EVOLUTION AB The sensitivity of downslope wind forecasts to small changes in initial conditions is explored by using 70-member ensemble simulations of two prototypical windstorms observed during the Terrain-Induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX). The 10 weakest and 10 strongest ensemble members are composited and compared for each event. In the first case, the 6-h ensemble-mean forecast shows a large-amplitude breaking mountain wave and severe downslope winds. Nevertheless, the forecasts are very sensitive to the initial conditions because the difference in the downslope wind speeds predicted by the strong-and weak-member composites grows to larger than 28 m s(-1) over the 6-h forecast. The structure of the synoptic-scale flow one hour prior to the windstorm and during the windstorm is very similar in both the weak-and strong-member composites. Wave breaking is not a significant factor in the second case, in which the strong winds are generated by a layer of high static stability flowing beneath a layer of weaker mid-and upper-tropospheric stability. In this case, the sensitivity to initial conditions is weaker but still significant. The difference in downslope wind speeds between the weak-and strong-member composites grows to 22 m s(-1) over 12 h. During and one hour before the windstorm, the synoptic-scale flow exhibits appreciable differences between the strong-and weak-member composites. Although this case appears to be more predictable than the wave-breaking event, neither case suggests that much confidence should be placed in the intensity of downslope winds forecast 12 or more hours in advance. C1 [Reinecke, Patrick A.; Durran, Dale R.] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Reinecke, PA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM alex.reinecke@nrlmry.navy.mil RI Durran, Dale/G-3677-2015 OI Durran, Dale/0000-0002-6390-2584 FU Office of Naval Research [N-00014-06-1-0827]; Department of Defense Major Shared Resource Center at Wright Patterson Air Force Base, OH FX We thank Ryan Torn and Greg Hakim for the use of their EnKF code. Comments from two anonymous reviewers helped improve the manuscript. This research was supported by Office of Naval Research Grant N-00014-06-1-0827. Computational resources were supported in part by a grant of HPC time from the Department of Defense Major Shared Resource Center at Wright Patterson Air Force Base, OH. COAMPS is a registered trademark of the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 40 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 66 IS 11 BP 3401 EP 3418 DI 10.1175/2009JAS3023.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 518KG UT WOS:000271689700010 ER PT J AU Breakah, TM Bausano, JP Williams, RC AF Breakah, Tamer M. Bausano, Jason P. Williams, R. Christopher TI Integration of Moisture Sensitivity Testing with Gyratory Mix Design and Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design SO JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB Moisture damage is one of the major problems that can be faced by a pavement during its design life. It can tremendously reduce a pavement's strength and consequently its life. The test predominately specified to evaluate the moisture sensitivity of an asphalt concrete mixture is the modified Lottman test, currently specified as AASHTO T283. The problem with this test is that it assists in minimizing the problem, but it does not provide an accurate estimate of the anticipated moisture damage and in some cases it provides false results. The methodology used in this paper utilizes mixture dynamic modulus test methods, which are complimentary to the mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide (M-E PDG), in evaluating moisture damage in asphalt concrete pavements. Dynamic modulus tests are performed on both moisture conditioned and unconditioned samples and used as input parameters in the M-E PDG for estimating pavement performance. The methodology was applied on two projects and the results were compared to the results achieved using the AASHTO T283 methodology and dynamic modulus test results. The dynamic modulus test results show consistency with AASHTO T283 in identifying moisture sensitivity of a mixture. This paper outlines a method for evaluating hot mix asphalt moisture susceptibility using dynamic modulus testing and is compatible with the proposed performance testing for accompanying Superpave volumetric mix design. The results of the proposed mixture dynamic modulus moisture susceptibility method can also be used in the new M-E PDG for evaluating the moisture susceptibility effects of the tested mixtures. This in part allows for the evaluation of this environmental effect in the M-E PDG. C1 [Breakah, Tamer M.; Williams, R. Christopher] Iowa State Univ, Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Bausano, Jason P.] USN, Facil Engn Command, Waterfront Mat Div, Port Hueneme, CA 93043 USA. RP Breakah, TM (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn, 174 Town Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM breakah@iastate.edu; jasonbausano@hotmail.com; rwilliam@iastate.edu NR 24 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-947X J9 J TRANSP ENG-ASCE JI J. Transp. Eng.-ASCE PD NOV PY 2009 VL 135 IS 11 BP 852 EP 857 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2009)135:11(852) PG 6 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 508FE UT WOS:000270913500007 ER PT J AU Ngo, HT Asari, VK AF Ngo, Hau T. Asari, Vijayan K. TI Partitioning and gating technique for low-power multiplication in video processing applications SO MICROELECTRONICS JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Microelectronics CY DEC 29-31, 2007 CL Cairo, EGYPT SP IEEE DE Low-power multiplication; Partitioning and gating; Dynamic power; 2D convolution; Switching activities AB In this paper, we propose a partitioning and gating technique for the design of a high performance and low-power multiplier for kernel-based operations such as 2D convolution in video processing applications. The proposed technique reduces dynamic power consumption by analyzing the bit patterns in the input data to reduce switching activities. Special values of the pixels in the video streams such as zero, repeated values or repeated bit combinations are detected and data paths in the architecture design are disabled appropriately to eliminate unnecessary switching. Input pixels in the video stream are partitioned into halves to increase the possibility of detecting special values. It is observed that the proposed scheme helps to reduce dynamic power consumption in the 2D convolution operations up to 33%. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ngo, Hau T.] USN Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Asari, Vijayan K.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Ngo, HT (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM hngo@odu.edu NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0026-2692 EI 1879-2391 J9 MICROELECTRON J JI Microelectron. J. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 40 IS 11 SI SI BP 1582 EP 1589 DI 10.1016/j.mejo.2009.03.006 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 526DC UT WOS:000272266900012 ER PT J AU Wood, DP Webb-Murphy, J Center, K McLay, R Koffman, R Johnston, S Spira, J Pyne, JM Wiederhold, BK AF Wood, Dennis Patrick Webb-Murphy, Jennifer Center, Kristy McLay, Robert Koffman, Robert Johnston, Scott Spira, James Pyne, Jeffrey M. Wiederhold, Brenda K. TI Combat-Related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Case Report Using Virtual Reality Graded Exposure Therapy With Physiological Monitoring With a Female Seabee SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MENTAL-HEALTH PROBLEMS; PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY; INTERVENTION; DEPRESSION; SOLDIERS; ISSUES; WOMEN; PTSD; IRAQ; FEAR AB In this report we describe virtual reality graded exposure therapy (VRGET) for the treatment of combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In addition, we summarize the outcomes of a case study, from an Office Of Naval Research (ONR)-funded project of VRGET with an active duty female Seabee who completed three combat tours to Iraq. Details of the collaborative program involving this ONR-funded project at Naval Medical Center San Diego (NMCSD) and Naval Hospital Camp Pendleton (NHCP) are also discussed. C1 [Wood, Dennis Patrick; Center, Kristy; Spira, James; Wiederhold, Brenda K.] Virtual Real Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Webb-Murphy, Jennifer; Johnston, Scott] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, NCCOSC, Mental Hlth Directorate, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Koffman, Robert] Bur Med & Surg, Washington, DC 20372 USA. [Pyne, Jeffrey M.] Cent Arkansas Vet Healthcare Syst, Ctr Mental Healthcare & Outcomes Res, N Little Rock, AR 72114 USA. RP Wood, DP (reprint author), Virtual Real Med Ctr, 6155 Cornerstone Court E,210, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-05-C-0136] FX This study was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) Contract (N00014-05-C-0136) to the Virtual Reality Medical Center San Diego, CA. NR 42 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 12 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 174 IS 11 BP 1215 EP 1222 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LL UT WOS:000278060900016 PM 19960832 ER PT J AU Wallace, S Mecklenburg, B Hanling, S AF Wallace, Scott Mecklenburg, Brian Hanling, Steven TI Profound Reduction in Sedation and Analgesic Requirements Using Extended Dexmedetomidine Infusions in a Patient With an Open Abdomen SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; HYPERALGESIA; WITHDRAWAL; MORPHINE AB We present a 20-year-old previously healthy male who suffered a gunshot wound to the abdomen and underwent multiple surgeries because of abdominal abscess and fistula formation. Pain control was difficult to achieve despite high-dose opioid therapy. Post-traumatic stress disorder was a confounding factor in treating this patient's pain. Ten months after the original injury, the patient returned to the operating room for an exploratory laparotomy with restoration of bowel continuity and abdominal wall closure. The patient presented to the intensive care unit after a 12-hour operation with an open abdomen and the requirement of mechanical ventilation, sedation, and analgesia. Sedation and analgesia were difficult to achieve and maintain with combinations of extremely high doses of midazolam, lorazepam, propofol, and fentanyl (motor assessment activity scale [MAAS] scores of 5), but profoundly achievable with dexmedetomidine. Dexmedetomidine also improved the patient's mental stability, which resulted in improved patient care through compliance with physicians, nurses, and physical therapists. C1 [Wallace, Scott; Mecklenburg, Brian; Hanling, Steven] USN, Dept Anesthesiol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Wallace, S (reprint author), USN, Dept Anesthesiol, San Diego Med Ctr, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 174 IS 11 BP 1228 EP 1230 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LL UT WOS:000278060900018 PM 19960834 ER PT J AU Kuo, HC Chang, CP Yang, YT Jiang, HJ AF Kuo, Hung-Chi Chang, Chih-Pei Yang, Yi-Ting Jiang, Hau-Jang TI Western North Pacific Typhoons with Concentric Eyewalls SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL CYCLONE; HURRICANE INTENSITY; PRIMARY CIRCULATION AB This study examines the intensity change and moat dynamics of typhoons with concentric eyewalls using passive microwave data and best-track data in the western North Pacific between 1997 and 2006. Of the 225 typhoons examined, 55 typhoons and 62 cases with concentric eyewalls have been identified. The data indicate that approximately 57% of category 4 and 72% of category 5 typhoons possessed concentric eyewalls at some point during their lifetime. While major typhoons are most likely to form concentric eyewalls, the formation of the concentric structure may not be necessarily at the lifetime maximum intensity. Approximately one-third of concentric eyewall cases are formed at the time of maximum intensity. The moat is known to be heavily influenced by the subsidence forced by the two eyewalls. Rozoff et al. proposed that the rapid filamentation dynamics may also contribute to the organization of the moat. This paper examines the possibility of rapid filamentation dynamics by devising a filamentation moat width parameter. This parameter can be computed from the best-track typhoon intensity and the passive microwave satellite-estimated inner eyewall radius for each typhoon with concentric eyewalls. The filamentation moat width explains 40% of the variance of the satellite-observed moat width in the group with concentric eyewall formation intensity greater than 130 kt. The typhoon intensity time series in both the concentric and nonconcentric composites are studied. The time series of intensity is classified according to the 24-h intensity change before and after the concentric eyewalls formation. The averaged concentric eyewall formation latitudes in the groups with negative intensity change before concentric eyewall formation are at higher latitudes than that of the positive intensity change groups. Intensity of the concentric typhoons tends to peak at the time of secondary eyewall formation, but the standard model of intensification followed by weakening is valid for only half of the cases. Approximately 74% of the cases intensify 24 h before secondary eyewall formation and approximately 72% of the cases weaken 24 h after formation. The concentric composites have a much slower intensification rate 12 h before the peak intensity (time of concentric formation) than that of the nonconcentric composites. For categories 4 and 5, the peak intensity of the concentric typhoons is comparable to that of the nonconcentric typhoons. However, 60 h before reaching the peak the concentric composites are 25% more intense than the nonconcentric composites. So a key feature of concentric eyewall formation appears to be the maintenance of a relatively high intensity for a longer duration, rather than a rapid intensification process that can reach a higher intensity. C1 [Kuo, Hung-Chi; Yang, Yi-Ting; Jiang, Hau-Jang] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Chang, Chih-Pei] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kuo, HC (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, 1,Sec 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. EM kuo@as.ntu.edu.tw OI KUO, HUNG-CHI/0000-0001-9102-5104 FU Taiwan's National Research Council [NSC96-2111-M-002-002, NSC97-2628-M-002023, 97R0066-69, MOTC-CWB-96-2M-01]; U.S. Office of Naval Research [N0001408WR20125] FX We thank Jeffrey Hawkins, B. McNoldy, Yu-Ming Tsai, and reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions. We thank Drs. M. DeMaria and J. A. Knaff for providing the Statistical Hurricane Intensity Prediction Scheme (SHIPS) data. The satellite microwave images were made available by the Naval Research Laboratory Marine Meteorology Division in Monterey, California. This research was supported by Taiwan's National Research Council through Grants NSC96-2111-M-002-002, NSC97-2628-M-002023, 97R0066-69, and MOTC-CWB-96-2M-01 to National Taiwan University, and by the U.S. Office of Naval Research to Naval Postgraduate School, under Award N0001408WR20125. NR 23 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 137 IS 11 BP 3758 EP 3770 DI 10.1175/2009MWR2850.1 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 524JL UT WOS:000272139500008 ER PT J AU Jiang, QF Doyle, JD AF Jiang, Qingfang Doyle, James D. TI The Impact of Moisture on Mountain Waves during T-REX SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID OROGRAPHIC PRECIPITATION; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; LEE WAVES; FLOW; MODEL; MESOSCALE; DYNAMICS; RIDGE AB The impact of moist processes on mountain waves over Sierra Nevada Mountain Range is investigated in this study. Aircraft measurements over Owens Valley obtained during the Terrain-induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX) indicate that mountain waves were generally weaker when the relative humidity maximum near the mountaintop level was above 70%. Four moist cases with a RH maximum near the mountaintop level greater than 90% have been further examined using a mesoscale model and a linear wave model. Two competing mechanisms governing the influence of moisture on mountain waves have been identified. The first mechanism involves low-level moisture that enhances flow-terrain interaction by reducing windward flow blocking. In the second mechanism, the moist airflow tends to damp mountain waves through destratifying the airflow and reducing the buoyancy frequency. The second mechanism dominates in the presence of a deep moist layer in the lower to middle troposphere, and the wave amplitude is significantly reduced associated with a smaller moist buoyancy frequency. With a shallow moist layer and strong low-level flow, the two mechanisms can become comparable in magnitude and largely offset each other. C1 [Jiang, Qingfang; Doyle, James D.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. [Jiang, Qingfang] Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Monterey, CA USA. RP Jiang, QF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. EM jiang@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [0601153 N]; National Science Foundation [ATM-0749011] FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) Program Element 0601153 N. The first author was partially funded by National Science Foundation (Grant ATM-0749011). The simulations were made using the Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS) developed by the U. S Naval Research Laboratory. NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 137 IS 11 BP 3888 EP 3906 DI 10.1175/2009MWR2985.1 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 524JL UT WOS:000272139500017 ER PT J AU McCormick, C Prokes, S AF McCormick, Colin Prokes, Sharka TI Molecular Gastronomy: Materials Science in the Kitchen SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Prokes, Sharka] Naval Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 14 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 34 IS 11 BP 802 EP 803 DI 10.1557/mrs2009.224 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 519YD UT WOS:000271805200014 ER PT J AU Debray, P Rahman, SMS Wan, J Newrock, RS Cahay, M Ngo, AT Ulloa, SE Herbert, ST Muhammad, M Johnson, M AF Debray, P. Rahman, S. M. S. Wan, J. Newrock, R. S. Cahay, M. Ngo, A. T. Ulloa, S. E. Herbert, S. T. Muhammad, M. Johnson, M. TI All-electric quantum point contact spin-polarizer SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONDUCTANCE; SYSTEMS AB The controlled creation, manipulation and detection of spin-polarized currents by purely electrical means remains a central challenge of spintronics. Efforts to meet this challenge by exploiting the coupling of the electron orbital motion to its spin, in particular Rashba spin-orbit coupling, have so far been unsuccessful. Recently, it has been shown theoretically that the confining potential of a small current-carrying wire with high intrinsic spin-orbit coupling leads to the accumulation of opposite spins at opposite edges of the wire, though not to a spin-polarized current. Here, we present experimental evidence that a quantum point contact-a short wire-made from a semiconductor with high intrinsic spin-orbit coupling can generate a completely spin-polarized current when its lateral confinement is made highly asymmetric. By avoiding the use of ferromagnetic contacts or external magnetic fields, such quantum point contacts may make feasible the development of a variety of semiconductor spintronic devices. C1 [Debray, P.; Rahman, S. M. S.; Newrock, R. S.; Muhammad, M.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Phys, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Wan, J.; Cahay, M.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Elect Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Ngo, A. T.; Ulloa, S. E.] Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Herbert, S. T.] Xavier Univ, Dept Phys, Cincinnati, OH 45207 USA. [Johnson, M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Debray, P (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Phys, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM Philippe.Debray@uc.edu RI Ulloa, Sergio/F-4621-2011 OI Ulloa, Sergio/0000-0002-3091-4984 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [ECCS 0725404, DMR 0710581] FX P.D. would like to thank J.J. Krich for interesting and useful discussions. The authors are thankful to J. Marcus and R. Schrott for technical help. This work was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) awards ECCS 0725404 and DMR 0710581. NR 30 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 20 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1748-3387 EI 1748-3395 J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL JI Nat. Nanotechnol. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 4 IS 11 BP 759 EP 764 DI 10.1038/NNANO.2009.240 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 528AW UT WOS:000272413500020 PM 19893512 ER PT J AU Marshall, S Hawley, JS Nyquist, PA DeGraba, T AF Marshall, Scott Hawley, Jason S. Nyquist, Paul A. DeGraba, Thomas TI The "Ivy Sign" of Adult Moyamoya Disease SO NEUROLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Moyamoya; vasculopathy; vasculitis; puff of smoke; stroke in the young; ivy sign; external carotid internal carotid bypass ID CHILDHOOD; IMAGES AB We report all under recognized magnetic. resonance postcontrast and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence finding characteristic of adult Moyamoya disease in a young woman who presented with new onset headache and a history of migraine. The imaging finding of the "ivy sign" is presented, along with a brief discussion of the pathophysiology of this radiologic presentation of adult Moyamoya disease. C1 [Marshall, Scott; Nyquist, Paul A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Neurosci Crit Care, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. [Marshall, Scott; Hawley, Jason S.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Nyquist, Paul A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Neurol, Cerebrovasc Div, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. [DeGraba, Thomas] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Marshall, S (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Anesthesia Crit Care Med, SOM, Meyer 8-140,600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. EM smarsh15@jhmi.edu NR 4 TC 3 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1074-7931 J9 NEUROLOGIST JI Neurologist PD NOV PY 2009 VL 15 IS 6 BP 367 EP 368 DI 10.1097/NRL.0b013e3181963d05 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 518KA UT WOS:000271688900016 PM 19901723 ER PT J AU Gordon, DF Hafizi, B Ting, A AF Gordon, D. F. Hafizi, B. Ting, A. TI Nonlinear conversion of photon spin to photon orbital angular momentum SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT AB A relativistically intense, ultrashort laser pulse with purely spin angular momentum produces second-harmonic radiation with equal parts of both spin and orbital angular momentum when focused into a plasma. The orbital contribution is due to an azimuthal phase variation that arises in the nonlinear current density. This phase variation is associated with the radial nonuniformity driven by ponderomotive blowout. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Gordon, D. F.; Ting, A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hafizi, B.] Icarus Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20824 USA. RP Gordon, DF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM daniel.gordon@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR). We acknowledge discussions with P. Bernhardt, D. F. DuBois, D. Kaganovich, and M. H. Helle. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD NOV 1 PY 2009 VL 34 IS 21 BP 3280 EP 3282 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 514DN UT WOS:000271374600011 PM 19881567 ER PT J AU Agassi, YD Oates, DE Moeckly, BH AF Agassi, Y. D. Oates, D. E. Moeckly, B. H. TI Evidence for non-s-wave symmetry of the pi gap in MgB2 from intermodulation distortion measurements SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE crystal symmetry; Green's function methods; Meissner effect; penetration depth (superconductivity); superconducting energy gap; superconducting thin films ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; REACTIVE EVAPORATION; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; THIN-FILMS; OVERLAPPING BANDS; SUPERCONDUCTORS; NONLINEARITY; VORTEX; STATE; YBCO AB We present low-temperature low-power intermodulation-distortion (IMD) measurements of high-quality MgB2 thin films that are inconsistent with presumed s-wave symmetry of the order parameter. The measurements were carried out in a stripline resonator at approximately 2 GHz between 1.8 K and T-c. The IMD arises from the nonlinear Meissner effect in which the penetration depth is dependent on the RF magnetic field. Specifically, the observed IMD vs temperature T for T < T-c/2 varies as T-2, while for an s-wave gap symmetry in the clean limit, the low-temperature IMD decreases exponentially with decreasing temperature. We calculate the IMD from first principles for different order-parameter symmetries using a Green's function approach and compare the results with the measured data. We propose that the observed upturn in the low-temperature IMD implies an admixture of an order parameter with nodal lines into the energy gaps of MgB2. Most likely, this admixture is prominent for the pi gap. Within the constraints of the hexagonal crystal symmetry of MgB2, the best fit with our IMD measurements is obtained with a gap Delta(phi,T)=Delta(0)(T)sin(6 phi), where phi is the azimuthal angle in the ab (&) over cap plane, and Delta(0)(T) is the amplitude, weakly temperature dependent at low temperatures. This gap symmetry entails six nodal lines. We also present low-temperature penetration-depth measurements that are consistent with the proposed nodal gap symmetry. To relate our proposition with existing literature, we review other low-temperature probes of the order-parameter symmetry. The literature presents conflicting results, some of which are in direct support of the symmetry proposed here. C1 [Agassi, Y. D.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Oates, D. E.] MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. [Moeckly, B. H.] STI Inc, Santa Barbara, CA 92111 USA. RP Agassi, YD (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 87 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2009 VL 80 IS 17 AR 174522 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.174522 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 526RL UT WOS:000272310400093 ER PT J AU Yi, M Lu, DH Analytis, JG Chu, JH Mo, SK He, RH Hashimoto, M Moore, RG Mazin, II Singh, DJ Hussain, Z Fisher, IR Shen, ZX AF Yi, M. Lu, D. H. Analytis, J. G. Chu, J-H. Mo, S-K. He, R-H. Hashimoto, M. Moore, R. G. Mazin, I. I. Singh, D. J. Hussain, Z. Fisher, I. R. Shen, Z-X. TI Unconventional electronic reconstruction in undoped (Ba,Sr)Fe2As2 across the spin density wave transition SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE band structure; barium compounds; density functional theory; high-temperature superconductors; iron compounds; magnetic moments; photoelectron spectra; spin density waves; strontium compounds ID IRON-PNICTIDES; ORDER AB Through a systematic high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission study of the iron pnictide compounds (Ba,Sr)Fe2As2, we show that the electronic structures of these compounds are significantly reconstructed across the spin density wave transition, which cannot be described by a simple folding scenario of conventional density wave ordering. Moreover, we find that LDA calculations with an incorporated suppressed magnetic moment of 0.5 mu(B) can match well the details in the reconstructed electronic structure, suggesting that the nature of magnetism in the pnictides is more itinerant than local, while the origin of suppressed magnetic moment remains an important issue for future investigations. C1 [Yi, M.; Analytis, J. G.; Chu, J-H.; He, R-H.; Fisher, I. R.; Shen, Z-X.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Yi, M.; Analytis, J. G.; Chu, J-H.; He, R-H.; Fisher, I. R.; Shen, Z-X.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Yi, M.; Analytis, J. G.; Chu, J-H.; He, R-H.; Fisher, I. R.; Shen, Z-X.] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Lu, D. H.; Moore, R. G.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Mo, S-K.; Hashimoto, M.; Hussain, Z.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mazin, I. I.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Singh, D. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Yi, M (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM zxshen@stanford.edu RI He, Ruihua/A-6975-2010; Yi, Ming/E-3145-2010; Singh, David/I-2416-2012; Mo, Sung-Kwan/F-3489-2013 OI Mo, Sung-Kwan/0000-0003-0711-8514 FU DOE Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; NSF FX We thank E. Cappelluti, T. P. Devereaux, W. S. Lee, B. Moritz, H. Yao, and Y. Yin for helpful discussions. ARPES experiments were performed at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource and the Advanced Light Source, which are both operated by the Office of Basic Energy Science, U. S. Department of Energy. The Stanford work is supported by DOE Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. Work at ORNL was supported by the DOE, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. M. Y. thanks the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program for financial support. NR 58 TC 94 Z9 94 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV PY 2009 VL 80 IS 17 AR 174510 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.174510 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 526RL UT WOS:000272310400081 ER PT J AU Batchelder, JC Wood, JL Garrett, PE Green, KL Rykaczewski, KP Bilheux, JC Bingham, CR Carter, HK Fong, D Grzywacz, R Hamilton, JH Hartley, DJ Hwang, JK Krolas, W Kulp, WD Larochelle, Y Piechaczek, A Ramayya, AV Spejewski, EH Stracener, DW Tantawy, MN Winger, JA Zganjar, EF AF Batchelder, J. C. Wood, J. L. Garrett, P. E. Green, K. L. Rykaczewski, K. P. Bilheux, J. -C. Bingham, C. R. Carter, H. K. Fong, D. Grzywacz, R. Hamilton, J. H. Hartley, D. J. Hwang, J. K. Krolas, W. Kulp, W. D. Larochelle, Y. Piechaczek, A. Ramayya, A. V. Spejewski, E. H. Stracener, D. W. Tantawy, M. N. Winger, J. A. Zganjar, E. F. TI Collective and noncollective states in Cd-116 studied via the beta decays of Ag-116(m1,m2,gs) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID OCTUPOLE STATES; AG ISOTOPES; NUCLEI; SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITATIONS; SCATTERING; MODEL; TE; PD AB We have reinvestigated the beta decay of the three isomers of Ag-116 at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF). Through the use of half-life information, we have been able to construct individual decay schemes for each isomer and correct what was a puzzling inconsistency with the published data, namely the beta feeding of 2(+) states by a 5(+) isomer. Our results indicate that the feeding of these levels arises from a 3(+) isomer in Ag-116. A total of 271 gamma-ray transitions (159 new) were assigned to 148 levels (94 new) from the beta decay of Ag-116(m1,m2,gs). Significant deviations are observed from IBM-2 calculations for the decay of the 0(+) and 2(+) members of the previously assigned three-phonon quintuplet. Candidate states for the quadrupole-octupole quintuplet states and pi g(9/2)-pi p(1/2), pi g(9/2)-pi p(3/2), nu h(11/2)-nu s(1/2), nu h(11/2)-nu d(3/2), and nu h(11/2)-nu d(5/2) broken-pair states are assigned. C1 [Batchelder, J. C.; Carter, H. K.; Spejewski, E. H.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wood, J. L.; Kulp, W. D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Garrett, P. E.; Green, K. L.] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 3W1, Canada. [Rykaczewski, K. P.; Bilheux, J. -C.; Bingham, C. R.; Stracener, D. W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37931 USA. [Bingham, C. R.; Grzywacz, R.; Hartley, D. J.; Larochelle, Y.; Tantawy, M. N.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Fong, D.; Hamilton, J. H.; Hwang, J. K.; Krolas, W.; Ramayya, A. V.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Hartley, D. J.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Krolas, W.] Joint Inst Heavy Ion Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Krolas, W.] H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Piechaczek, A.; Zganjar, E. F.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Winger, J. A.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Batchelder, JC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Associated Univ, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Krolas, Wojciech/N-9391-2013; Bilheux, Jean/A-2823-2016 OI Bilheux, Jean/0000-0003-2172-6487 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76OR00033, DOE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-FG02-96ER40958, DE-FG02-96ER41006, DE-FG05-88ER40407, DE-FG02-96ER40983, DE-FG02-96ER40978, W-7405-ENG-48]; Joint Institute for Heavy Ion Physics; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (Canada) FX This work has been supported by the US Department of Energy under Contracts DE-AC05-76OR00033 (UNIRIB), DOE-AC05-00OR22725 (ORNL), DE-FG02-96ER40958 (Georgia Institute of Technology), DE-FG02-96ER41006 (Mississippi State University), DE-FG05-88ER40407 (Vanderbilt University), DE-FG02-96ER40983 (University of Tennessee), DE-FG02-96ER40978 (Louisiana State University), and W-7405-ENG-48 (LLNL) and the Joint Institute for Heavy Ion Physics. Work also supported in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (Canada). NR 53 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD NOV PY 2009 VL 80 IS 5 AR 054318 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.054318 PG 28 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 526SG UT WOS:000272313000032 ER PT J AU Samanta, G Housiadas, KD Handler, RA Beris, AN AF Samanta, Gaurab Housiadas, Kostas D. Handler, Robert A. Beris, Antony N. TI Effects of viscoelasticity on the probability density functions in turbulent channel flow SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Review ID FULLY-DEVELOPED TURBULENCE; DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; HIGH REYNOLDS-NUMBER; DRAG-REDUCING FLOW; POLYMER-SOLUTION; SURFACTANT ADDITIVES; COHERENT STRUCTURES; WALL TURBULENCE; BOUNDARY-LAYERS; PIPE-FLOW AB The probability density functions (PDFs) of the velocity fluctuations and their derivatives of a viscoelastic turbulent channel flow are calculated and compared against those for a Newtonian fluid at a friction Reynolds number 180. The velocity fields in both cases are provided from previous and new direct numerical simulations In the viscoelastic case, the Giesekus model is used at a friction Weissenberg number 50, a mobility parameter 1/900, and viscosity ratio 0.9, corresponding to 37.4% drag reduction. The skewness and the flatness factors, which are also calculated and presented as functions of the distance from the wall, further reveal and quantify the non-Gaussian characteristics of the turbulent structures and how they are distributed in the flow domain. With the presence of viscoelasticity the non-Gaussian character of the PDFs is typically further enhanced. In particular, larger asymmetries and much longer tails are typically observed in the viscoelastic PDFs. This indicates higher intermittency in the viscoelastic turbulent flow versus the Newtonian one. along with strong correlations between all scales of turbulence. Furthermore, we have also seen significant qualitative changes regarding the distribution of the non-Gaussian characteristics of the PDFs as a function of the distance from the wall. The most notable differences are seen in the PDFs of the shear and spanwise velocity components in the buffer and log-law regions, as well as in most of the components of the first and second order velocity derivatives. It is also found that in the log-law layer the PDFs of the logarithm of the dissipation and the pseudodissipation rate, as well as of the enstrophy, are almost Gaussian. In contrast, in the viscous sublayer and the buffer layer, significant deviations from the Gaussian shape are observed. Whereas the deviations from Gaussianity are more enhanced with viscoelasticity next to the wall, with the PDFs even more negatively skewed, away from the wall sometimes (i.e., for the logarithm of the enstrophy) they are decreased. All these findings are pointing out to a fairly complex picture for the interaction of viscoelasticity with turbulence that makes the task of developing turbulent viscoelastic models even more challenging. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3258758] C1 [Samanta, Gaurab; Beris, Antony N.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Housiadas, Kostas D.] Univ Aegean, Dept Math, Karlovassi 83200, Samos, Greece. [Handler, Robert A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Beris, AN (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. FU National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) [TG-MCA96N005] FX We are grateful to the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) for providing the extensive computational resources needed for this work through a Teragrid proposal Grant No. TG-MCA96N005. K.D.H. Would like to thank the Department of Mathematics at the University of the Aegean, Greece for the sabbatical leave of absence in the fall semester of the academic year 2008. 2009, during which the present work was conducted. The authors would also like to acknowledge the constructive comments received by two anonymous referees of a previous version of the manuscript that greatly contributed in improving its final presentation. NR 104 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD NOV PY 2009 VL 21 IS 11 AR 115106 DI 10.1063/1.3258758 PG 23 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 534XX UT WOS:000272931900030 ER PT J AU Guarda, S AF Guarda, Sylvain TI George Buchner's Revolution's Drama Dantons Tod: A Holistic Child Play with Eros or a Maternal Regression? SO SEMINAR-A JOURNAL OF GERMANIC STUDIES LA German DT Article C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Guarda, S (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV TORONTO PRESS INC PI TORONTO PA JOURNALS DIVISION, 5201 DUFFERIN ST, DOWNSVIEW, TORONTO, ON M3H 5T8, CANADA SN 0037-1939 J9 SEMINAR-J GER STUD JI Semin.-J. Ger. Stud. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 45 IS 4 BP 339 EP 352 PG 14 WC Literature, German, Dutch, Scandinavian SC Literature GA 528YH UT WOS:000272482400001 ER PT J AU Gage, F Leeser, DB Porterfield, N Graybill, JC Gillern, S Hawksworth, JS Jindal, RM Thai, N Falta, EM Tadaki, DK Brown, TS Elster, EA AF Gage, F. Leeser, D. B. Porterfield, Nx Graybill, J. C. Gillern, S. Hawksworth, J. S. Jindal, R. M. Thai, N. Falta, E. M. Tadaki, D. K. Brown, T. S. Elster, E. A. TI Room Temperature Pulsatile Perfusion of Renal Allografts With Lifor Compared With Hypothermic Machine Pump Solution SO TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article ID VIVO WARM PERFUSION; EX-VIVO; ORGAN PRESERVATION; COLD-STORAGE; KIDNEYS AB This pilot study compared the use of the Lifor Organ Preservation Medium (RTLF) at room temperature with hypothermic Belzer machine preservation solution (CMPS) and room in vitro temperature Belzer machine preservation solution (RTMPS) in a porcine model of uncontrolled donation after cardiac death (DCD). In this study, 5 porcine kidneys for each perfusate group were recovered under a DCD protocol. The kidneys were recovered, flushed, and placed onto a renal preservation system following standard perfusion procedures. The average flow rate for CMPS was 36.2 +/- 7.2549 mL/min, RTMPS was 90.2 +/- 9.7159 mL/min, and RTLF was 103.1 +/- 5.1108 mL/min. The average intrarenal resistance for CMPS was 1.33 +/- 0.1709 mm Hg/mL per minute, RTMPS was 0.84 +/- 0.3586 and RTLF was 0.39 +/- 0.04. All perfusion parameters were statistically significant (P < .05) at all time points for the CMPS when compared with both RTMPS and RTLF. All perfusion parameters for RTMPS and RTLF were equivalent for the first 12 hours; thereafter, RTLF became significantly better than RTMPS at 18 and 24 hours. It appears that both RTMPS and RTLF have equivalent perfusion characteristic for the initial 12 hours of perfusion, but LF continues to maintain a low resistance and high flow up to 24 hours. The results of this pilot study indicate that RTLF may represent a better alternative to pulsatile perfusion with CMPS and requires validation in an in vivo large animal transplant model. C1 [Gage, F.; Leeser, D. B.; Porterfield, Nx; Graybill, J. C.; Gillern, S.; Hawksworth, J. S.; Jindal, R. M.; Thai, N.; Falta, E. M.; Tadaki, D. K.; Brown, T. S.; Elster, E. A.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Dept Navy, Regenerat Med Operat & Undersea Med Directorate, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Elster, EA (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Dept Navy, Regenerat Med Operat & Undersea Med Directorate, 503 Robert Grant Ave,2W123, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Brown, Trevor/K-4703-2012 OI Brown, Trevor/0000-0001-7042-785X FU [602227D.0483.01.A0518] FX This work was supported by work unit number: 602227D.0483.01.A0518 (MFEL). NR 15 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0041-1345 J9 TRANSPL P JI Transplant. Proc. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 41 IS 9 BP 3571 EP 3574 DI 10.1016/j.transproceed.2009.06.228 PG 4 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 524DL UT WOS:000272123900008 PM 19917346 ER PT J AU Brown, JA Riddle, MS Putnam, SD Schlett, CD Armstrong, AW Jones, JJ Tribble, DR Sanders, JW AF Brown, Jamey A. Riddle, Mark S. Putnam, Shannon D. Schlett, Carey D. Armstrong, Adam W. Jones, James J. Tribble, David R. Sanders, John W. TI Outcomes of diarrhea management in operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom SO TRAVEL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Travelers' diarrhea; Empiric therapy; US military; Middle East AB Introduction: Among deployed U.S. military personnel, a sub-population of international travelers, acute infectious diarrhea continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and a potential threat to military effectiveness. Methods: To assess outcomes and satisfaction of diarrhea management in the field, a systematic survey was given to military personnel during mid- or post-deployment from Iraq or Afghanistan, from January through August 2004. Results: Sixty-three percent of those surveyed reported at least one episode of diarrhea, while less than half sought care for their symptoms. Overall, trends of decreased post-treatment duration were noted as traveler's diarrhea therapy modalities grew more complex, controlling for severity of illness at presentation. Among those reporting diarrhea, the greatest level of satisfaction was seen in treatment with IV fluids (59%) followed by antibiotics (46%) and loperamide (40%). The greatest amount of dissatisfaction was seen in treatments with oral fluids only. Conclusion: While current standard of care is self-treatment of diarrhea in civilian travelers, the U.S. military lacks standards outlining self-treatment of personnel at the individual level. Further research is needed to develop treatment guidelines on diarrhea management during military deployment. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Riddle, Mark S.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Brown, Jamey A.] Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. [Putnam, Shannon D.] USN, Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Schlett, Carey D.; Armstrong, Adam W.] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Jones, James J.] Army Cent Command, Troop Med Clin, Doha, Qatar. [Tribble, David R.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Sanders, John W.] Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. RP Riddle, MS (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM mark.riddle@med.navy.mil RI Riddle, Mark/A-8029-2011 NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1477-8939 J9 TRAVEL MED INFECT DI JI Travel Med. Infect. Dis. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 7 IS 6 BP 337 EP 343 DI 10.1016/j.tmaid.2009.09.001 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA V17IV UT WOS:000207931800002 PM 19945010 ER PT J AU House, BL Hollingdale, MR Sacci, JB Richiel, TL AF House, Brent L. Hollingdale, Michael R. Sacci, John B., Jr. Richiel, Thomas L. TI Functional immunoassays using an in-vitro malaria liver-stage infection model: where do we go from here? SO TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; HEPATOMA-CELL LINE; NATURALLY ACQUIRED ANTIBODIES; SPOROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-2; CD8(+) T-CELLS; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE-PROTEIN; CULTURED-CELLS; EXOERYTHROCYTIC STAGE; PROTECTIVE ANTIBODIES; BERGHEI SPOROZOITES AB For more than 25 years, the ISI assay and ILSDA have been used to study the development of the malaria parasite in the liver, to discover and characterize sporozoite and liver-stage antigens, to support the development of malaria vaccine candidates, and to search for immunological correlates of protection in animals and in humans. Although both assays have been limited by low sporozoite invasion rates, significant biological variability, and the subjective nature of manually counting hepatocytes containing parasites as the read-out, they have nevertheless been useful tools for exploring parasite biology. This review describes the origin, application and current status of these assays, critically discusses the need for improvements, and explores the roles of these assays in supporting the development of an effective vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum malaria. C1 [House, Brent L.; Hollingdale, Michael R.; Richiel, Thomas L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD 21737 USA. [Sacci, John B., Jr.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Richiel, TL (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD 21737 USA. EM thomas.richie@med.navy.mil RI Richie, Thomas/A-8028-2011; OI Richie, Thomas/0000-0002-2946-5456 FU US Army Medical Research & Material Command FX Because of restrictions in the number of references permitted, not all relevant citations have been included. All protocols reported herein involving human subjects that were conducted by the Naval Medical Research Center were reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Naval Medical Research Center in accordance with the US Navy regulations (SECNAVINST 3900.39B) governing the use of human subjects in medical research. The opinions and assertions herein are those of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the US Navy or the Department of Defense. This work was supported by funds allocated to the Naval Medical Research Center by the US Army Medical Research & Material Command. NR 87 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-4922 J9 TRENDS PARASITOL JI Trends Parasitol. PD NOV PY 2009 VL 25 IS 11 BP 525 EP 533 DI 10.1016/j.pt.2009.08.004 PG 9 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 521LW UT WOS:000271923900008 PM 19747878 ER PT J AU Ward, WH Platz, TA Pond, KT Southern, FA Moore, EM AF Ward, William H. Platz, Timothy A. Pond, Kathryn T. Southern, Frederick A. Moore, Erin M. TI Iatrogenic Venous Pseudoaneurysm: Case Report and Review of the Literature SO VASCULAR LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Conference of the Society-for-Military-Vascular-Surgeons CY DEC 03-04, 2007 CL Bethesda, MD SP Soc Military Vasc Surg DE pseudoaneurysm; venous ID VEIN PSEUDOANEURYSM; FEMORAL VEIN; COMPLICATION; EMBOLIZATION; MANAGEMENT AB Iatrogenic venous pseudoaneurysm following venipuncture is an extremely rare complication of a very common medical procedure. A review of the vascular surgical literature revealed that only two cases of venous pseudoaneurysm secondary to venipuncture have been reported in the past half-century. We report the case of a 64-year-old anticoagulated male with a 7-month history of right arm swelling after venipuncture. The patient, on warfarin therapy for chronic atrial fibrillation, described progressive swelling at a previous venipuncture site. He eventually underwent limited two-dimensional ultrasonography, performed for a suspected hematoma, revealing a 4.3 x 3.3 x 2.0 cm pseudoaneurysm of the right basilic vein. These findings were later confirmed by a formal venous duplex sonogram. Similar to other forms of aneurysm and focal vascular dilation, the risks of venous psuedoaneurysm include embolism, thrombosis, and the compression of adjacent structures. Although both thrombin injection and coil embolization have been described as nonsurgical treatment options for arterial pseudoaneurysms, surgical resection may be the most appropriate approach for those with a venous equivalent. The segment of basilic vein containing the pseudoaneurysm was resected. This case demonstrates the need for physicians to consider venous pseudoaneurysm as a possible complication of venipuncture in individuals undergoing anticoagulation therapy. C1 [Ward, William H.; Platz, Timothy A.; Pond, Kathryn T.; Southern, Frederick A.; Moore, Erin M.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Vasc & Endovasc Surg, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Moore, EM (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Vasc & Endovasc Surg, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM VascularMD@gmail.com NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU B C DECKER INC PI HAMILTON PA 50 KING STREET EAST, 2ND FLOOR, PO BOX 620, L C D 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 1708-5381 J9 VASCULAR JI Vascular PD NOV-DEC PY 2009 VL 17 IS 6 BP 355 EP 358 DI 10.2310/6670.2009.00045 PG 4 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 535JW UT WOS:000272965500009 PM 19909684 ER PT J AU Miliotis, A Murali, K Sinha, S Ditto, WL Spano, ML AF Miliotis, Abraham Murali, K. Sinha, Sudeshna Ditto, William L. Spano, Mark L. TI A simple nonlinear dynamical computing device SO CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS LA English DT Article ID LOGIC; IMPLEMENTATION; COMPUTATION; CIRCUIT; CHAOS; GATE AB We propose and characterize an iterated map whose nonlinearity has a simple (i.e., minimal) electronic implementation. We then demonstrate explicitly how all the different fundamental logic gates can be implemented and morphed using this nonlinearity. These gates provide the full set of gates necessary to construct a general-purpose, reconfigurable computing device. As an example of how such chaotic computing devices can be exploited, we use an array of these maps to encode data and to process information. Each map can store one of M items, where M is variable and can be large. This nonlinear hardware stores data naturally in different bases or alphabets. We also show how this method of storing information can serve as a preprocessing tool for exact or inexact pattern-matching searches. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Miliotis, Abraham; Murali, K.; Ditto, William L.] Arizona State Univ, Harrington Dept Bioengn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Murali, K.] Anna Univ, Dept Phys, Madras 600025, Tamil Nadu, India. [Sinha, Sudeshna] Inst Math Sci, Madras 600113, Tamil Nadu, India. [Spano, Mark L.] Carderock Lab, NSWC, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Ditto, WL (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Harrington Dept Bioengn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM william.ditto@asu.edu RI Spano, Mark/B-6883-2011; OI Ditto, William/0000-0002-7416-8012 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-02-1-1019, N00014-08-WX21080]; Chaologix, Inc FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the Office of Naval Research [Grants #N00014-02-1-1019 and N00014-08-WX21080] and from Chaologix, Inc. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-0779 J9 CHAOS SOLITON FRACT JI Chaos Solitons Fractals PD OCT 30 PY 2009 VL 42 IS 2 BP 809 EP 819 DI 10.1016/j.chaos.2009.02.010 PG 11 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 477WV UT WOS:000268550600022 ER PT J AU Busemann, H Nguyen, AN Cody, GD Hoppe, P Kilcoyne, ALD Stroud, RM Zega, TJ Nittler, LR AF Busemann, Henner Nguyen, Ann N. Cody, George D. Hoppe, Peter Kilcoyne, A. L. David Stroud, Rhonda M. Zega, Thomas J. Nittler, Larry R. TI Ultra-primitive interplanetary dust particles from the comet 26P/Grigg-Skjellerup dust stream collection SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE interplanetary dust particles; comet Grigg-Skjellerup; interstellar medium; organic matter; solar system formation; presolar grains ID MACROMOLECULAR ORGANIC-MATTER; SCANNING-ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; MOLECULAR-CLOUD MATERIAL; RED GIANT STARS; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITIONS; SILICATE GRAINS; SOLAR-SYSTEM; HALLEY DUST; CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITES; PRESOLAR SILICATE AB Cometary material and pristine interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) best resemble the unaltered components from which our solar system was built because they have remained largely unaltered in a cold undisturbed environment since accretion in the outer protoplanetary disk. IDPs might supply more primitive assemblages for laboratory analysis than Stardust samples from comet 81P/Wild 2 but their individual provenances are typically unknown. We speculate that some IDPs collected by NASA in April 2003 may be associated with comet 26P/Grigg-Skjellerup because their particularly pristine character coincides with the collection period that was predicted to show an enhanced flux of particles from this Jupiter-family comet. Some IDPs from this collection contain the most primitive assembly of interstellar matter found to date including an unusually high abundance of presolar grains and very isotopically anomalous and disordered organic matter as well as fine-grained carbonates and an amphibole associated with a GEMS-like object (glass with embedded metals and sulfides) that potentially imply formation in a nebular rather than planetary environment. The two most primitive IDPs may contain assemblages of molecular cloud material at the percent level which is supported by the presence of four rare O-17-depleted presolar silicate grains possibly of supernova(e) origin within one similar to 70 mu m(2)-sized IDP and the close association of a Group 1 Mg-rich olivine from a low-mass red giant star with a carbonaceous nano-globule of potentially interstellar origin. Our study together with observations of comet 9P/Tempel 1 during the Deep Impact experiment and 81P/Wild 2 dust analyses reveal some compositional variations and many similarities among three Jupiter-family comets. Specifically carbonates and primitive organic matter or amorphous carbon were widespread in the comet-forming regions of the outer protoplanetary disk and not all comets contain as much inner solar system material as has been inferred for comet 81P/Wild 2. The bulk and hotspot hydrogen and nitrogen isotopic anomalies as well as the carbon Raman characteristics of the organic matter in IDPs and the most primitive meteorites are remarkably similar. This implies that the same mixture of molecular cloud material had been transported inward into the meteorite-forming regions of the solar system. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Busemann, Henner; Nguyen, Ann N.; Nittler, Larry R.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Cody, George D.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Hoppe, Peter] Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55020 Mainz, Germany. [Kilcoyne, A. L. David] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Stroud, Rhonda M.; Zega, Thomas J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Busemann, H (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Earth Atmospher & Environm Sci, Williamson Bldg,Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. EM henner.busemann@manchester.ac.uk RI Hoppe, Peter/B-3032-2015; Kilcoyne, David/I-1465-2013; Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008; OI Hoppe, Peter/0000-0003-3681-050X; Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015; Busemann, Henner/0000-0002-0867-6908 FU NASA's Cosmochemistry [NNG004GF61G]; Origins of the Solar System [NNX07AJ71G]; NASA Astrobiology Institute, the Office of Naval Research; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by NASA's Cosmochemistry (NNG004GF61G) and Origins of the Solar System (NNX07AJ71G) programmes (L.R.N.), by the NASA Astrobiology Institute, the Office of Naval Research and by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Constructive and helpful comments by two anonymous reviewers are much appreciated. We thank C. M. O'D. Alexander and S. F. Green for discussions, the NASA Astromaterials Acquisition and Curation Centre for providing the IDPs, and M. Fries and A. Steele for support with the Raman spectroscopy. NR 94 TC 89 Z9 89 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X EI 1385-013X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD OCT 30 PY 2009 VL 288 IS 1-2 BP 44 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2009.09.007 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 532YX UT WOS:000272788500005 ER PT J AU Shlesinger, MF AF Shlesinger, Michael F. TI Random searching SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL LA English DT Article ID RANDOM WALKS; LATTICES; TIMES AB There are a wide variety of searching problems from molecules seeking receptor sites to predators seeking prey. The optimal search strategy can depend on constraints on time, energy, supplies or other variables. We discuss a number of cases and especially remark on the usefulness of Levy walk search patterns when the targets of the search are scarce. C1 [Shlesinger, Michael F.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Shlesinger, Michael F.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Shlesinger, MF (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM mike.shlesinger@navy.mil FU USNA FX Dr Shlesinger would like to thank the James W and Mary T Kinnear Chair in the Physical Sciences at the USNA for support. NR 17 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1751-8113 EI 1751-8121 J9 J PHYS A-MATH THEOR JI J. Phys. A-Math. Theor. PD OCT 30 PY 2009 VL 42 IS 43 AR 434001 DI 10.1088/1751-8113/42/43/434001 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 506BI UT WOS:000270747500002 ER PT J AU Shinyashiki, N Yamamoto, W Yokoyama, A Yoshinari, T Yagihara, S Kita, R Ngai, KL Capaccioli, S AF Shinyashiki, Naoki Yamamoto, Wataru Yokoyama, Ayame Yoshinari, Takeo Yagihara, Shin Kita, Rio Ngai, K. L. Capaccioli, Simone TI Glass Transitions in Aqueous Solutions of Protein (Bovine Serum Albumin) SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID GOLDSTEIN BETA-RELAXATION; INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; WATER MIXTURES; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; STRUCTURAL RELAXATION; DYNAMICAL TRANSITION; FORMING SUBSTANCES; ALPHA-RELAXATION; BINARY-MIXTURES; TEMPERATURE AB Measurements by adiabatic calorimetry of heat capacities and enthalpy relaxation rates of a 20% (w/w) aqueous solution of bovine serum albumin (BSA) by Kawai, Suzuki, and Oguni [Biophys. J. 2006, 90, 3732] have found several enthalpy relaxations at long times indicating different processes undergoing glass transitions. In a quenched sample, one enthalpy relaxation at around 110 K and another over a wide temperature range (120-190 K) were observed. In a sample annealed at 200-240 K after quenching, three separated enthalpy relaxations at 110, 135, and above 180 K were observed. Dynamics of processes probed by adiabatic calorimetric data are limited to long times on the order of 10(3) s. A fuller understanding of the processes can be gained by probing the dynamics over a wider time/frequency range. Toward this goal, we performed broadband dielectric measurements of BSA-water mixtures at various BSA concentrations over a wide frequency range of thirteen decades from 2 mHz to 1.8 GHz at temperatures from 80 to 270 K. Three relevant relaxation processes were detected. For relaxation times equal to 100 s, the three processes are centered approximately at 110, 135, and 200 K, in good agreement with those observed by adiabatic calorimetry. We have made the following interpretation of the molecular origins of the three processes. The fastest relaxation process having relaxation time of 100 or 1000 s at ca. 110 K is due to the secondary relaxation of uncrystallized water (UCW) in the hydration shell. The intermediate relaxation process with 100 s relaxation time at ca. 135 K is due to ice. The slowest relaxation process having relaxation time of 100 s at ca. 200 K is interpreted to originate from local chain conformation fluctuations of protein slaved by water. Experimental evidence supporting these interpretations include the change of temperature dependence of the relaxation time of the UCW at approximately T(gBSA) approximate to 200 K, the glass transition temperature of protein in the hydration shell,,BSA similar to that found for the secondary relaxation of water in a mixture of myoglobin in glycerol and water [Swenson et al. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 2007, 19, 205109; Ngai et al. J. Phys. Chem. B 2008, 112, 3826]. The data all indicate in hydrated BSA or other proteins that the secondary relaxation of water and the conformation fluctuations of the protein in the hydration shell are inseparable or symbiotic processes. C1 [Shinyashiki, Naoki; Yamamoto, Wataru; Yokoyama, Ayame; Yoshinari, Takeo; Yagihara, Shin; Kita, Rio] Tokai Univ, Dept Phys, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan. [Ngai, K. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Capaccioli, Simone] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Capaccioli, Simone] CNR, INFM, PolyLab, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. RP Shinyashiki, N (reprint author), Tokai Univ, Dept Phys, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan. EM naoki-ko@keyaki.cc.u-tokai.ac.jp RI Kita, Rio/F-1164-2011; Capaccioli, Simone/A-8503-2012; OI Capaccioli, Simone/0000-0003-4866-8918; Shinyashiki, Naoki/0000-0003-0486-2911 FU Tokai University [19540429]; Office of Naval Research; Universita' di Pisa by MIUR-FIRB [RBNE03R78E] FX This research was supported at Tokai University by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)(19540429), at NRL by the Office of Naval Research, and at the Universita' di Pisa by MIUR-FIRB 2003 D.D.2186 grant RBNE03R78E. NR 54 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 3 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD OCT 29 PY 2009 VL 113 IS 43 BP 14448 EP 14456 DI 10.1021/jp905511w PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 508EM UT WOS:000270911100048 PM 19799444 ER PT J AU Medintz, IL Pons, T Susumu, K Boeneman, K Dennis, AM Farrell, D Deschamps, JR Melinger, JS Bao, G Mattoussi, H AF Medintz, Igor L. Pons, Thomas Susumu, Kimihiro Boeneman, Kelly Dennis, Allison M. Farrell, Dorothy Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Melinger, Joseph S. Bao, Gang Mattoussi, Hedi TI Resonance Energy Transfer Between Luminescent Quantum Dots and Diverse Fluorescent Protein Acceptors SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID CDSE; CELLS; DELIVERY; LIGANDS; PROBES; PHYCOBILISOMES; FLUOROPHORES; NANOCRYSTALS; STABILITY; MOLECULES AB We characterized the resonance energy-transfer interactions for conjugates consisting of QD donors self-assembled with three distinct fluorescent protein acceptors, two monomeric fluorescent proteins, the dsRed derivative mCherry or yellow fluorescent protein, and the multichromophore b-phycoerythrin light-harvesting complex. Using steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence, we showed that nonradiative transfer of excitation energy in these conjugates can be described within the Forster dipole-dipole formalism, with transfer efficiencies that vary with the degree of spectral overlap, the donor-acceptor separation distance, and the number of acceptors per QD. Comparison between the quenching data and simulation of the conjugate structures indicated that while energy transfer to monomeric proteins was identical to what was measured for QD-dye pairs, interactions with b-phycoerythrin were more complex. For the latter, the overall transfer efficiency results from the cumulative contribution of individual channels between the central QD and the chromophores distributed throughout the protein structure. Due to the biocompatible nature of fluorescent proteins, these QD assemblies may have great potential for use in intracellular imaging and sensing. C1 [Medintz, Igor L.; Boeneman, Kelly] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Pons, Thomas; Susumu, Kimihiro; Farrell, Dorothy; Mattoussi, Hedi] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci Code 5611, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Lab Struct Matter Code 6030, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dennis, Allison M.; Bao, Gang] Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Biomed Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil; mattoussi@chem.fsu.edu RI Pons, Thomas/A-8667-2008; Gemmill, Kelly/G-2167-2012; Dennis, Allison/A-7654-2014; OI Pons, Thomas/0000-0001-8800-4302; Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010 FU CB Directorate/Physical S&T Division (DTRA); ONR; NRL; NRL-NSI; ASEE; NRC; National Heart Lung and Blood Institute [HL80711] FX The authors acknowledge the CB Directorate/Physical S&T Division (DTRA), ONR, NRL, and the NRL-NSI for financial support. K.B. and D.F. acknowledge ASEE and NRC fellowships through NRL, respectively. G.B. and A.M.D. acknowledge support by the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute of the NIH as a Program of Excellence in Nanotechnology (HL80711). NR 44 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 4 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD OCT 29 PY 2009 VL 113 IS 43 BP 18552 EP 18561 DI 10.1021/jp9060329 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 508EP UT WOS:000270911500022 PM 20161358 ER PT J AU Esenturk, O Melinger, JS Lane, PA Heilweil, EJ AF Esenturk, Okan Melinger, Joseph S. Lane, Paul A. Heilweil, Edwin J. TI Relative Photon-to-Carrier Efficiencies of Alternating Nanolayers of Zinc Phthalocyanine and C-60 Films Assessed by Time-Resolved Terahertz Spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC SOLAR-CELLS; PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; PHOTOINDUCED CHARGE; PROBE SPECTROSCOPY; ENERGY; LAYER; PHOTODETECTORS; NANOCLUSTERS; GENERATION; DYNAMICS AB Multilayer and 1:1 blended films of zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and buckminsterfullerene (C-60) were investigated as model active layers for solar cells by time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy (TRTS). Relative photon-to-carrier efficiencies were determined from ultrafast decay dynamics of photogenerated carriers using 400 and 800 nm excitation for delay times up to 0.5 ns. The findings are in good agreement with reported solar-cell device measurements, and the results exhibit a near linear increase of the relative efficiencies with the interface number of multilayer films. The relative photon-to-carrier efficiencies of films composed of alternating layers with an individual layer thickness of less than 20 nm were higher than that of a 1:1 blended film. In contrast, 400 nm excitation of a C-60 only film initially yields a relatively strong THz signal that is followed by a rapid (picosecond) decay almost to its base value and results in a very low carrier density beyond a few picoseconds. For a given film thickness and optical density, our data suggest that the relative photon-to-carrier efficiency of multilayer films increases with increasing total interfacial area, emphasizing the importance of close proximity between the fullerene and phythalocyanine. These findings suggest that the highest photon-to-free-carrier efficiencies can be achieved by designing ultrathin films (having layers a few nanometers thick) with alternating multilayer structures to achieve high photon harvesting and charge separation to opposite layers. C1 [Esenturk, Okan] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Esenturk, Okan; Heilweil, Edwin J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Melinger, Joseph S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lane, Paul A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Esenturk, O (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, Bldg 091, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM esenturk@umd.edu; edwin.heilweil@nist.gov OI Esenturk, Okan/0000-0001-6539-4344 FU NIST Physics Laboratory internal Scientific and Technical Research Support (STRS) FX This work was partially supported by NIST Physics Laboratory internal Scientific and Technical Research Support (STRS) for E.J.H. and O.E. (Guest Researcher). NR 43 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD OCT 29 PY 2009 VL 113 IS 43 BP 18842 EP 18850 DI 10.1021/jp904107x PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 508EP UT WOS:000270911500059 ER PT J AU McCormack, JP Coy, L Hoppel, KW AF McCormack, J. P. Coy, L. Hoppel, K. W. TI Evolution of the quasi 2-day wave during January 2006 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID MIDDLE-ATMOSPHERE; TROPICAL STRATOPAUSE; QUASI-2-DAY WAVE; NORMAL-MODE; OSCILLATION; PARAMETERIZATION; CIRCULATIONS; TEMPERATURE; INSTABILITY; MESOSPHERE AB We examine the evolution of the quasi 2-day wave in the middle atmosphere during the period from 5 January to 5 February 2006 using global synoptic meteorological fields from the high-altitude Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System Advanced Level Physics, High Altitude (NOGAPS-ALPHA) forecast-assimilation system. This period is characterized by a high level of planetary wave activity in the Northern Hemisphere (winter) extratropical stratosphere prior to a sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) on 20 January 2006. Space-time spectral analysis of 6-hourly NOGAPS-ALPHA fields finds the largest quasi 2-day wave amplitudes in the Southern Hemisphere (summer) extratropical upper mesosphere. Eliassen-Palm flux diagnostics indicate that this extratropical quasi 2-day wave is related to baroclinic instability along the equatorward flank of the summer easterly jet. The quasi 2-day wave is also evident in NOGAPS-ALPHA water vapor fields near the tropical stratopause and is related to barotropic instability. We find that the strong planetary wave activity leading up to the SSW produced an enhanced northward component of the residual meridional circulation that influenced the background zonal winds and, by extension, the quasi 2-day wave forcing in both the tropical and extratropical regions. In the tropical region, the combination of enhanced horizontal momentum advection by the residual meridional circulation and inertially unstable circulations related to planetary wave breaking in the subtropics produced conditions favoring barotropic instability. In the extratropical region, the enhanced residual meridional circulation altered the zonal wind tendency through increased Coriolis torque. C1 [McCormack, J. P.; Coy, L.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hoppel, K. W.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP McCormack, JP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.mccormack@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by grants from the Office of Naval Research. High-altitude NOGAPS-ALPHA assimilation runs were made possible by a grant of computer time from the DOD High Performance Computing Modernization Program at the U. S. Air Force Research Laboratory and at the Naval Oceanographic Office. The authors wish to thank the Aura MLS and TIMED SABER groups for providing access to their data. NR 45 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD OCT 28 PY 2009 VL 114 AR D20115 DI 10.1029/2009JD012239 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 513IW UT WOS:000271316900003 ER PT J AU Bae, YS Dubbeldam, D Nelson, A Walton, KS Hupp, JT Snurr, RQ AF Bae, Youn-Sang Dubbeldam, David Nelson, Andrew Walton, Krista S. Hupp, Joseph T. Snurr, Randall Q. TI Strategies for Characterization of Large-Pore Metal-Organic Frameworks by Combined Experimental and Computational Methods SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN STORAGE; SORPTION PROPERTIES; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SURFACE-AREAS; ADSORPTION; DESIGN; SIZE; SEPARATION; METHANE AB A large-pore IRMOF-16-like material (1) was synthesized solvothermally and evacuated by two solvent removal procedures: the original chloroform (CHCl(3)) method and a new supercritical carbon dioxide (SCID) method. Using several experimental and geometric characterization tools, including thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and pore size analysis, we propose that 1 is a mixture of noncatenated IRMOF-16 and the corresponding 2-fold interwoven structure and is partially collapsed during the evacuation, especially some of the larger pores. Adsorption measurements using several gases at 77 and 298 K showed that the new SCD evacuation is superior to the conventional CHCl(3) evacuation for increasing the adsorption kinetics as well as the adsorption capacity. This work illustrates a new strategy that combines several experimental methods, geometric calculations, and molecular simulations for the characterization of metalorganic frameworks (MOFs), especially those with large pores. This combination should be helpful for future characterization of new MOFs that possibly include some imperfections such as nonuniform catenation and partial collapse of the crystalline phase. C1 [Bae, Youn-Sang; Dubbeldam, David; Snurr, Randall Q.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Hupp, Joseph T.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Nelson, Andrew] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Walton, Krista S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Snurr, RQ (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM snurr@northwestern.edu RI Walton, Krista/E-8756-2010; Garcia-Sanchez, Almudena/B-3303-2009; Snurr, Randall/B-6699-2009; Snurr, Randall/E-4900-2011; Bae, Youn-Sang/G-8073-2012; Hupp, Joseph/K-8844-2012; Dubbeldam, David/B-6753-2014 OI Hupp, Joseph/0000-0003-3982-9812; Dubbeldam, David/0000-0002-4382-1509 FU Korea Research Foundation [KRF-2006-352-D00040]; U.S. Dept. of Energy's Office of Science [DE-FG02-01ER15244]; U.S. National Science Foundation [CTS-0507013]; TeraGrid computing facilities FX This work was supported by the Korea Research Foundation Grant funded by the Korean Goverment (MOEHRD) (KRF-2006-352-D00040), the U.S. Dept. of Energy's Office of Science (Grant No. DE-FG02-01ER15244), the U.S. National Science Foundation (CTS-0507013), and by TeraGrid computing facilities. Acknowledgment is also made to the Donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund for partial support of this research. NR 43 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 7 U2 43 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD OCT 27 PY 2009 VL 21 IS 20 BP 4768 EP 4777 DI 10.1021/cm803218f PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 506WM UT WOS:000270807800006 ER PT J AU Li, CH Kioseoglou, G van 't Erve, OMJ Thompson, PE Jonker, BT AF Li, C. H. Kioseoglou, G. van 't Erve, O. M. J. Thompson, P. E. Jonker, B. T. TI Electrical spin injection into Si(001) through a SiO2 tunnel barrier SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SILICON; OXIDATION AB We demonstrate spin polarized tunneling from Fe through a SiO2 tunnel barrier into a Si n-i-p heterostructure. Transport measurements indicate that single step tunneling is the dominant transport mechanism. The circular polarization P-circ of the electroluminescence shows that the tunneling spin polarization reflects Fe majority spin. P-circ tracks the Fe magnetization, confirming that the spin-polarized electrons radiatively recombining in the Si originate from the Fe. A rate equation analysis provides a lower bound of 30% for the electron spin polarization in the Si at 5 K. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.32542280] C1 [Li, C. H.; Kioseoglou, G.; van 't Erve, O. M. J.; Thompson, P. E.; Jonker, B. T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kioseoglou, G.] Univ Crete, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. RP Li, CH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM cli@anvil.nrl.navy.mil; jonker@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [N0001409WX21042]; NRL/George Washington University Research Associates FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research N0001409WX21042 and core programs at NRL. G. K. and O. vtE gratefully acknowledge support as NRL/George Washington University Research Associates. NR 15 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 26 PY 2009 VL 95 IS 17 AR 172102 DI 10.1063/1.3254228 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 513YP UT WOS:000271360400027 ER PT J AU Feng, SM Halterman, K Overfelt, PL Bowling, D AF Feng, Simin Halterman, Klaus Overfelt, Pamela L. Bowling, Donald TI Cyclic Sommerfeld Resonances in Nanorods at Grazing Incidences SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID OBLIQUE-INCIDENCE; DIELECTRIC CYLINDER; PHOTONIC CRYSTALS; SCATTERING; NANOPARTICLES; SURFACE; INDEX; MODES AB We investigate electromagnetic scattering from nanoscale wires and reveal the emergence of a family of exotic resonances for source waves close to grazing incidence. These grazing resonances have a much higher Q-bandwidth product and thus, a much higher Q factor and broader bandwidth than the pure plasmonic resonances found in metal nanowires. Furthermore, these grazing resonances are much less susceptible to material losses than surface plasmon resonances. Contrary to the process of exciting surface plasmon resonances, these grazing resonances can arise in both dielectric and metallic nanowires and appear near to the cutoff wavelength of the circular waveguide. This peculiar resonance effect originates from the excitation of long range guided surface waves through the interplay of coherently scattered continuum modes coupled with first-order azimuthal propagating modes of the cylindrical nanowire. These first-order cyclic Sommerfeld waves and associated cyclic Sommerfeld resonances revealed here opens up the possibility of an alternative scheme of enhanced fields with a better merit (higher Q-bandwidth product and lower loss) than conventional surface plasmon resonances in the nano-regime. This nanowire resonance phenomenon can be utilized in broad scientific areas, including: metamaterial designs, nanophotonic integration, nanoantennas, and nanosensors. C1 [Feng, Simin; Halterman, Klaus; Overfelt, Pamela L.; Bowling, Donald] USN, Res & Intelligence Dept, Div Phys, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Feng, SM (reprint author), USN, Res & Intelligence Dept, Div Phys, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM simin.feng@navy.mil RI Halterman, Klaus/G-3826-2012; OI Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX The authors gratefully acknowledge G. A. Lindsay, Z. Sechrist, and G. Ostrom for valuable discussions and the support from the Office of Naval Research (ONR), as well as NAVAIR's ILIR program from ONR. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD OCT 26 PY 2009 VL 17 IS 22 BP 19823 EP 19841 DI 10.1364/OE.17.019823 PG 19 WC Optics SC Optics GA 517PS UT WOS:000271629200052 PM 19997204 ER PT J AU Lienert, U Brandes, MC Bernier, JV Weiss, J Shastri, SD Mills, MJ Miller, MP AF Lienert, U. Brandes, M. C. Bernier, J. V. Weiss, J. Shastri, S. D. Mills, M. J. Miller, M. P. TI In situ single-grain peak profile measurements on Ti-7Al during tensile deformation SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE High-energy synchrotron diffraction; Electron microscopy; Titanium; Tensile deformation; Deformation microstructure; Stress tensor ID X-RAY OPTICS; REFRACTIVE LENSES; INDIVIDUAL GRAINS; ALUMINUM ALLOYS; CRYSTALS; TITANIUM; STRENGTH; DISLOCATIONS; POLYCRYSTALS; MICROSCOPY AB High-energy three-dimensional X-ray diffraction with medium and high reciprocal space resolution was applied to study in situ tensile deformation of Ti-7Al specimens. Samples with planar and random dislocation microstructures were prepared and characterized by electron microscopy. Stress tensors of individual grains were obtained at several loads up to 2% deformation. The stress tensors were found to rotate, and resolved shear stresses were calculated. High-resolution reciprocal space maps of selected grains were recorded. Azimuthal and radial distributions were visualized and discussed in terms of idealized dislocation structures. Heterogeneous grain rotations were observed for the planar microstructure and found to be consistent with activation of the highest stressed basal slip system. Intra-granular strain gradients were detected in excess of the intrinsic radial dislocation peak broadening. The potential of combining the applied techniques with modeling to obtain multiple length-scale information during deformation of bulk specimens is discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lienert, U.; Shastri, S. D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Brandes, M. C.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bernier, J. V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Weiss, J.] Mech Solut Inc, Whippany, NJ 07981 USA. [Mills, M. J.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Miller, M. P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Lienert, U (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM lienert@aps.anl.gov; ms_brandes@matsceng.ohio-state.edu; bernier2@llnl.gov; jeremy.weiss@mechsol.com; shastri@aps.anl.gov; mills.108@osu.edu; mpm4@cornell.edu RI Mills, Michael/I-6413-2013; Miller, Matthew/D-7903-2017 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Federal Aviation Administration [O8-G-009]; National Science Foundation [CMMI-0800587]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-05-1-0505] FX Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. MCB acknowledges the support of the Federal Aviation Administration under Grant #O8-G-009 and MJM recognizes the support of the National Science Foundation under CMMI-0800587. MPM gratefully acknowledges the Office of Naval Research, Julie Christodoulou, Grant Officer for support of this work as part of the D 3-D Program, contract number N00014-05-1-0505. MPM also thanks the X-ray Science Division of the Advanced Photon Source and the Materials Science and Engineering Department at The Ohio State University for sabbatical support during AY 2007. NR 33 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 4 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD OCT 25 PY 2009 VL 524 IS 1-2 BP 46 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2009.06.047 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 504JJ UT WOS:000270612100008 ER PT J AU Hervig, ME Stevens, MH Gordley, LL Deaver, LE Russell, JM Bailey, SM AF Hervig, Mark E. Stevens, Michael H. Gordley, Larry L. Deaver, Lance E. Russell, James M., III Bailey, Scott M. TI Relationships between polar mesospheric clouds, temperature, and water vapor from Solar Occultation for Ice Experiment (SOFIE) observations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID ARCTIC SUMMER MESOSPHERE; PRESSURE AB The goal of this work is to explore relationships between polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs), temperature, and water vapor and to understand the extent that bulk thermodynamic equilibrium can explain observed PMC characteristics. We use observations from the Solar Occultation for Ice Experiment (SOFIE) and employ a simple PMC model which assumes that ice exists in thermodynamic equilibrium with the local temperature and water vapor. Model results using SOFIE temperatures and water vapor are found to reproduce the observed ice layer altitudes, ice frequency versus time and altitude, ice mass density (expressed as the gas phase equivalent contained in the ice phase, Q(ice)) versus time and altitude, and the vertical column abundance of ice (or ice water content (IWC)). The differences (model - SOFIE) for July 2008 were -0.1 km in the altitude of peak ice mass density (Z(max)), 16% in Q(ice) at Z(max), and 35% in IWC. These results suggest that on average, PMCs can exist in equilibrium with the surrounding environment, and the results also imply that ice nucleation may occur throughout the PMC altitude range. Good correlations were found between ice abundance and temperature (or saturation ratio), although knowledge of both water vapor and temperature is required for a quantitative prediction of observed ice characteristics. Our results indicate that the seasonal dependence of ice abundance is generally controlled by temperature and that in a broad sense, changes in water vapor are a result of changes in ice. We also find that lower temperatures are associated with higher ice mass density, higher ice concentration, and slightly smaller particle radii. This finding indicates that the increase in ice mass density is due to the nucleation of more particles rather than the growth of existing ice, and this finding points to nucleation as an important factor in determining PMC variability. C1 [Hervig, Mark E.] GATS Inc, Driggs, ID 83422 USA. [Stevens, Michael H.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gordley, Larry L.; Deaver, Lance E.] GATS Inc, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Russell, James M., III] Hampton Univ, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Bailey, Scott M.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Hervig, ME (reprint author), GATS Inc, POB 449, Driggs, ID 83422 USA. EM m.e.hervig@gats-inc.com OI Stevens, Michael/0000-0003-1082-8955 FU NASA [NAS5-03132] FX This work was supported by the NASA AIM mission which is funded by NASA's Small Explorers Program under contract NAS5-03132. Many thanks to the AIM and SOFIE teams for years of dedication and service. NR 15 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD OCT 23 PY 2009 VL 114 AR D20203 DI 10.1029/2009JD012302 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 510YZ UT WOS:000271131700005 ER PT J AU Abelev, BI Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Baumgart, S Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Benedosso, F Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Biritz, B Bland, LC Bombara, M Bonner, BE Botje, M Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Burton, TP Bystersky, M Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Catu, O Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, KE Christie, W Clarke, RF Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cormier, TM Cosentino, MR Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Dash, S Daugherity, M De Silva, LC Dedovich, TG DePhillips, M Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Didenko, L Djawotho, P Dogra, SM Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, F Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Elhalhuli, E Elnimr, M Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Eun, L Fachini, P Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Feng, A Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gaillard, L Gangadharan, DR Ganti, MS Garcia-Solis, EJ Geromitsos, A Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gorbunov, YN Gordon, A Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Grube, B Guertin, SM Guimaraes, KSFF Gupta, A Gupta, N Guryn, W Haag, B Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Harris, JW He, W Heinz, M Heppelmann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffman, AM Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Iordanova, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jakl, P Jena, C Jin, F Jones, CL Jones, PG Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kajimoto, K Kang, K Kapitan, J Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Khodyrev, VY Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Knospe, AG Kocoloski, A Koetke, DD Kopytine, M Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kouchpil, V Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Krus, M Kuhn, C Kumar, L Kurnadi, P Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, CH Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, N Li, C Li, Y Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, J Liu, L Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McShane, TS Meschanin, A Milner, R Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mischke, A Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nattrass, C Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Ng, MJ Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okada, H Okorokov, V Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Phatak, SC Planinic, M Pluta, J Poljak, N Poskanzer, AM Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Redwine, R Reed, R Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Russcher, MJ Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Sakuma, T Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarsour, M Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Seyboth, P Shabetai, A Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shi, SS Shi, XH Sichtermann, EP Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stadnik, A Stanislaus, TDS Staszak, D Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Subba, NL Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Timoshenko, S Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Tram, VN Trattner, AL Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Leeuwen, M Molen, AMV Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Videbaek, F Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Wada, M Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, X Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, Y Xie, W Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, Y Xu, Z Yang, Y Yepes, P Yoo, IK Yue, Q Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, Y Zhong, C Zhou, J Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zuo, JX AF Abelev, B. I. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Anderson, B. D. Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Barannikova, O. Barnby, L. S. Baudot, J. Baumgart, S. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Benedosso, F. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Biritz, B. Bland, L. C. Bombara, M. Bonner, B. E. Botje, M. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Burton, T. P. Bystersky, M. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Catu, O. Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chajecki, Z. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Choi, K. E. Christie, W. Clarke, R. F. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cormier, T. M. Cosentino, M. R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Das, D. Dash, S. Daugherity, M. De Silva, L. C. Dedovich, T. G. DePhillips, M. Derevschikov, A. A. de Souza, R. Derradi Didenko, L. Djawotho, P. Dogra, S. M. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, F. Dunlop, J. C. Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta Edwards, W. R. Efimov, L. G. Elhalhuli, E. Elnimr, M. Emelianov, V. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Erazmus, B. Estienne, M. Eun, L. Fachini, P. Fatemi, R. Fedorisin, J. Feng, A. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fine, V. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gaillard, L. Gangadharan, D. R. Ganti, M. S. Garcia-Solis, E. J. Geromitsos, A. Geurts, F. Ghazikhanian, V. Ghosh, P. Gorbunov, Y. N. Gordon, A. Grebenyuk, O. Grosnick, D. Grube, B. Guertin, S. M. Guimaraes, K. S. F. F. Gupta, A. Gupta, N. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hallman, T. J. Hamed, A. Harris, J. W. He, W. Heinz, M. Heppelmann, S. Hippolyte, B. Hirsch, A. Hjort, E. Hoffman, A. M. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Hollis, R. S. Huang, H. Z. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Iordanova, A. Jacobs, P. Jacobs, W. W. Jakl, P. Jena, C. Jin, F. Jones, C. L. Jones, P. G. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kajimoto, K. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kettler, D. Khodyrev, V. Yu. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Knospe, A. G. Kocoloski, A. Koetke, D. D. Kopytine, M. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kouchpil, V. Kravtsov, P. Kravtsov, V. I. Krueger, K. Krus, M. Kuhn, C. Kumar, L. Kurnadi, P. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, C-H. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, N. Li, C. Li, Y. Lin, G. Lindenbaum, S. J. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Liu, J. Liu, L. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Love, W. A. Lu, Y. Ludlam, T. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Mangotra, L. K. Manweiler, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Matis, H. S. Matulenko, Yu. A. McShane, T. S. Meschanin, A. Milner, R. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mischke, A. Mitchell, J. Mohanty, B. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Nandi, B. K. Nattrass, C. Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Netrakanti, P. K. Ng, M. J. Nogach, L. V. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Okada, H. Okorokov, V. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Peitzmann, T. Perevoztchikov, V. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Phatak, S. C. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Poljak, N. Poskanzer, A. M. Potukuchi, B. V. K. S. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Ridiger, A. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Rose, A. Roy, C. Ruan, L. Russcher, M. J. Sahoo, R. Sakrejda, I. Sakuma, T. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sarsour, M. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Selyuzhenkov, I. Seyboth, P. Shabetai, A. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Shi, X-H. Sichtermann, E. P. Simon, F. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Snellings, R. Sorensen, P. Sowinski, J. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stadnik, A. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Staszak, D. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Subba, N. L. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Symons, T. J. M. de Toledo, A. Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Timoshenko, S. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Tram, V. N. Trattner, A. L. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tsai, O. D. Ulery, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Leeuwen, M. Molen, A. M. Vander Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasilevski, I. M. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbaek, F. Vigdor, S. E. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xie, W. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yoo, I-K. Yue, Q. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, Y. Zhong, C. Zhou, J. Zoulkarneev, R. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zuo, J. X. CA STAR Collaboration TI Growth of Long Range Forward-Backward Multiplicity Correlations with Centrality in Au plus Au Collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; MONTE-CARLO MODEL; RAPIDITY CORRELATIONS; LARGE NUCLEI; QUARK; ENERGIES; STRINGS; FUSION; SPS AB Forward-backward multiplicity correlation strengths have been measured with the STAR detector for Au + Au and p + p collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. Strong short- and long-range correlations (LRC) are seen in central Au + Au collisions. The magnitude of these correlations decrease with decreasing centrality until only short-range correlations are observed in peripheral Au + Au collisions. Both the dual parton model (DPM) and the color glass condensate (CGC) predict the existence of the long-range correlations. In the DPM, the fluctuation in the number of elementary (parton) inelastic collisions produces the LRC. In the CGC, longitudinal color flux tubes generate the LRC. The data are in qualitative agreement with the predictions of the DPM and indicate the presence of multiple parton interactions. C1 [Abelev, B. I.; Barannikova, O.; Betts, R. R.; Garcia-Solis, E. J.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Iordanova, A.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Barnby, L. S.; Bombara, M.; Burton, T. P.; Elhalhuli, E.; Gaillard, L.; Jones, P. G.; Nelson, J. M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Christie, W.; DePhillips, M.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fachini, P.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Guryn, W.; Hallman, T. J.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Liu, J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Love, W. A.; Ludlam, T.; Ogawa, A.; Okada, H.; Perevoztchikov, V.; Ruan, L.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. 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[Bueltmann, S.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Eun, L.; Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Khodyrev, V. Yu.; Kravtsov, V. I.; Matulenko, Yu. A.; Meschanin, A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Hirsch, A.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Ulery, J.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Choi, K. E.; Grube, B.; Lee, C-H.; Yoo, I-K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Bonner, B. E.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Llope, W. J.; Mitchell, J.; Roberts, J. B.; Yepes, P.; Zhou, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Cosentino, M. R.; Guimaraes, K. S. F. F.; Munhoz, M. G.; Suaide, A. A. 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[Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, X.; Wang, Y.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Webb, J. C.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta; Ganti, M. S.; Ghosh, P.; Mohanty, B.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Singaraju, R. N.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. [Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bellwied, R.; Cormier, T. M.; De Silva, L. C.; Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Timmins, A. R.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Chen, J. Y.; Feng, A.; Li, N.; Liu, F.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y.] CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Baumgart, S.; Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Catu, O.; Chikanian, A.; Du, F.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Heinz, M.; Knospe, A. G.; Lin, G.; Majka, R.; Nattrass, C.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Abelev, BI (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RI Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Lee, Chang-Hwan/B-3096-2015; Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/H-4587-2016; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Cosentino, Mauro/L-2418-2014; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013 OI Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Lee, Chang-Hwan/0000-0003-3221-1171; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/0000-0003-0578-9533; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Cosentino, Mauro/0000-0002-7880-8611; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900 FU Offices of N.P; U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; Sloan Foundation; DFG cluster of excellence [CNRS/IN2P3]; EMN of France; STFC; EPSRC of the United Kingdom; FAPESP of Brazil; Russian Ministry of Sci. and Tech.; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; IRP; GA of the Czech Republic; FOM of the Netherlands; DAE; DST; CSIR of the Government of India; Polish State Committee for Scientific Research; Korea Sci. and Eng. Foundation FX We express our gratitude to C. Pajares and N. Armesto for many fruitful discussions and providing us with the PSM code. We also thank A. Capella, E. G. Ferreiro, and Larry McLerran for important discussions. We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, and the NERSC Center at LBNL and the resources provided by the Open Science Grid consortium for their support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of N.P. and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, the Sloan Foundation, the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe," CNRS/IN2P3, RA, RPL, and EMN of France, STFC and EPSRC of the United Kingdom, FAPESP of Brazil, the Russian Ministry of Sci. and Tech., the NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, IRP and GA of the Czech Republic, FOM of the Netherlands, DAE, DST, and CSIR of the Government of India, the Polish State Committee for Scientific Research, and the Korea Sci. and Eng. Foundation. NR 33 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 23 PY 2009 VL 103 IS 17 AR 172301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.172301 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 511KW UT WOS:000271164500017 ER PT J AU Dominguez, DD Laskoski, M Keller, TM AF Dominguez, Dawn D. Laskoski, Matthew Keller, Teddy M. TI Modification of Oligomeric Cyanate Ester Polymer Properties with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Containing Particles SO MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE cyanate ester; dynamic mechanical properties; multi-walled carbon nanotube; nanocomposite; thermal properties ID IN-SITU POLYMERIZATION; NANOTUBE/POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE) COMPOSITES; DYNAMIC-MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR; THERMAL-EXPANSION; ESTER/BENTONITE NANOCOMPOSITES; POLYIMIDE COMPOSITES; EPOXY COMPOSITES; MORPHOLOGY; IMPROVEMENT; FABRICATION AB The properties of an oligomeric cyanate ester polymer were modified by the addition of 0.01-3 wt.-% multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) containing particles. The dynamic mechanical behavior and thermal properties of the cyanate ester/MWNT nanocomposites were evaluated. The storage modulus, G', of the nanocomposite with 1 wt.-% MWNT particles was nearly 60 and 600% higher than the neat polymer at 100 and 200 degrees C, respectively. The glass transition temperature of the nanocomposite was also raised by 30 degrees C and its thermal stability in air and nitrogen was increased by 58 and 25 degrees C, respectively. The property improvements are attributed to reinforcement of the cyanate ester as a result of good nanotube dispersion and effective polymer-MWNT interaction. C1 [Dominguez, Dawn D.; Laskoski, Matthew; Keller, Teddy M.] USN, Adv Mat Sect, Code 6127, Div Chem,Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dominguez, DD (reprint author), USN, Adv Mat Sect, Code 6127, Div Chem,Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM dawn.dominguez@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors thank the Office of Naval Research for financial support of this work. NR 65 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 12 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1022-1352 J9 MACROMOL CHEM PHYSIC JI Macromol. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 22 PY 2009 VL 210 IS 20 BP 1709 EP 1716 DI 10.1002/macp.200900343 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 516QD UT WOS:000271556400005 ER PT J AU Coslovich, D Roland, CM AF Coslovich, D. Roland, C. M. TI Density scaling in viscous liquids: From relaxation times to four-point susceptibilities SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GLASS-FORMING LIQUIDS; SPATIALLY HETEROGENEOUS DYNAMICS; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; ALPHA-RELAXATION; TRANSITION; PRESSURE; DEPENDENCE; DISPERSION; DIFFUSION; POLYMERS AB We present numerical calculations of a four-point dynamic susceptibility, chi(4)(t), for the Kob-Andersen Lennard-Jones mixture as a function of temperature T and density rho. Over a relevant range of T and rho, the full t-dependence of chi(4)(t) and thus the maximum in chi(4)(t), which is proportional to the dynamic correlation volume, are invariant for state points for which the scaling variable rho(gamma)/T is constant. The value of the material constant gamma is the same as that which superposes the relaxation time tau of the system versus rho(gamma)/T. Thus, the dynamic correlation volume is a unique function of tau for any thermodynamic condition in the regime where density scaling holds. Finally, we examine the conditions under which the density scaling properties are related to the existence of strong correlations between pressure and energy fluctuations. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3250938] C1 [Coslovich, D.] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Theoret Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Roland, C. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Coslovich, D (reprint author), Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Theoret Phys, Wiedner Hauptstr 8-10, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. EM coslovich@cmt.tuwien.ac.at; roland@nrl.navy.mil FU Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P19890-N16]; Office of Naval Research FX D. C. acknowledges financial support by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) (Project No. P19890-N16). The work at NRL was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 46 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 21 PY 2009 VL 131 IS 15 AR 151103 DI 10.1063/1.3250938 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 512CA UT WOS:000271219000003 PM 20568840 ER PT J AU Marin, VMM Storchi-Bergmann, T Delgado, RMG Schmitt, HR Spinelli, PF Perez, E Fernandes, RC AF Munoz Marin, V. M. Storchi-Bergmann, T. Gonzalez Delgado, R. M. Schmitt, H. R. Spinelli, P. F. Perez, E. Fernandes, R. Cid TI On the nature of the near-UV extended light in Seyfert galaxies SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: nuclei; galaxies: Seyfert; ultraviolet: galaxies ID ULTRAVIOLET IMAGING POLARIMETRY; STAR-FORMATION; RADIO GALAXIES; OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY; ACTIVE GALAXIES; GALACTIC NUCLEI; LINE REGIONS; SPECTROPOLARIMETRY; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; CONTINUUM AB We study the nature of the extended near-UV emission in the inner kiloparsec of a sample of 15 Seyfert (Sy) galaxies which have both near-UV (F330W) and narrow-band [O iii] high-resolution Hubble images. For the majority of the objects, we find a very similar morphology in both bands. From the [O iii] images, we construct synthetic images of the nebular continuum plus the emission-line contribution expected through the F330W filter, which can be subtracted from the F330W images. We find that the emission of the ionized gas dominates the near-UV extended emission in half of the objects. A further broad-band photometric study, in the bands F330W (U), F547M (V) and F160W (H), shows that the remaining emission is dominated by the underlying galactic bulge contribution. We also find a blue component whose nature is not clear in four out of 15 objects. This component may be attributed to scattered light from the active galactic nuclei, to a young stellar population in unresolved star clusters, or to early disrupted clusters. Star-forming regions and/or bright off nuclear star clusters are observed in 4/15 galaxies of the sample. C1 [Munoz Marin, V. M.; Gonzalez Delgado, R. M.; Perez, E.] CSIC, IAA, Granada, Spain. [Storchi-Bergmann, T.; Spinelli, P. F.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Fis, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Schmitt, H. R.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schmitt, H. R.] Interferometrics Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. [Spinelli, P. F.] Univ Sternwarte Munchen, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Fernandes, R. Cid] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. RP Marin, VMM (reprint author), CSIC, IAA, Granada, Spain. EM manuel@iaa.es RI 7, INCT/H-6207-2013; Astrofisica, Inct/H-9455-2013; Fernandes, Roberto/M-7334-2014; OI Fernandes, Roberto/0000-0001-9672-0296; Perez, Enrique/0000-0001-9737-4559 FU Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia [AYA 2007-64712] FX We gratefully thank Clive Tadhunter and Valentina Luridiana for useful comments that helped to improve this paper. We would also like to acknowledge the comments of the referee, Makoto Kishimoto, which in particular helped to shape and present the conclusions of this work. VMMM's research has been funded by the Spanish Research Council (CSIC) under the I3P grant program. This work was supported in part by the Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia under grant AYA 2007-64712. This work was carried out in part at the Instituto de Fisica of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Porto Alegre), where we enjoyed the Brazilian hospitality and made use of the university's facilities. NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD OCT 21 PY 2009 VL 399 IS 2 BP 842 EP 860 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15317.x PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 505AW UT WOS:000270661300031 ER PT J AU Dahlburg, RB Liu, JH Klimchuk, JA Nigro, G AF Dahlburg, R. B. Liu, J. -H. Klimchuk, J. A. Nigro, G. TI EXPLOSIVE INSTABILITY AND CORONAL HEATING SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE methods: numerical; MHD; Sun: corona; turbulence ID MAGNETIC NEUTRAL SHEETS; TANG VORTEX SYSTEM; ENERGY-RELEASE; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE; SECONDARY INSTABILITY; COMPRESSIBLE MEDIUM; EVOLVING FIELDS; SOLAR CORONA; TRANSITION; EVOLUTION AB The observed energy-loss rate from the solar corona implies that the coronal magnetic field has a critical angle at which energy is released. It has been hypothesized that at this critical angle an "explosive instability" would occur, leading to an enhanced conversion of magnetic energy into heat. In earlier investigations, we have shown that a shear-dependent magnetohydrodynamic process called "secondary instability" has many of the distinctive features of the hypothetical "explosive instability." In this paper, we give the first demonstration that this "secondary instability" occurs in a system with line-tied magnetic fields and boundary shearing basically the situation described by Parker. We also show that, as the disturbance due to secondary instability attains finite amplitude, there is a transition to turbulence which leads to enhanced dissipation of magnetic and kinetic energy. These results are obtained from numerical simulations performed with a new parallelized, viscoresistive, three-dimensional code that solves the cold plasma equations. The code employs a Fourier collocation-finite difference spatial discretization, and uses a third-order Runge-Kutta temporal discretization. C1 [Dahlburg, R. B.; Liu, J. -H.] USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Klimchuk, J. A.; Nigro, G.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dahlburg, RB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM rdahlbur@lcp.nrl.navy.mil RI Klimchuk, James/D-1041-2012 OI Klimchuk, James/0000-0003-2255-0305 FU ONR; NASA Heliophysics Theory FX We thank A. F. Rappazzo, G. Einaudi, M. Velli, and S. K Antiochos for helpful conversations. This work was supported by ONR and the NASA Heliophysics Theory, Guest Investigator, and Living With a Star Programs. Computer time was provided by the Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program. NR 31 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 20 PY 2009 VL 704 IS 2 BP 1059 EP 1064 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/704/2/1059 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 502UQ UT WOS:000270486200004 ER PT J AU Roming, PWA Pritchard, TA Brown, PJ Holland, ST Immler, S Stockdale, CJ Weiler, KW Panagia, N Van Dyk, SD Hoversten, EA Milne, PA Oates, SR Russell, B Vandrevala, C AF Roming, P. W. A. Pritchard, T. A. Brown, P. J. Holland, S. T. Immler, S. Stockdale, C. J. Weiler, K. W. Panagia, N. Van Dyk, S. D. Hoversten, E. A. Milne, P. A. Oates, S. R. Russell, B. Vandrevala, C. TI MULTI-WAVELENGTH PROPERTIES OF THE TYPE IIb SN 2008ax SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE radio continuum: stars; supernovae: individual (SN 2008ax); ultraviolet: stars; X-rays: stars ID SWIFT ULTRAVIOLET/OPTICAL TELESCOPE; HOBBY-EBERLY TELESCOPE; X-RAY-EMISSION; LIGHT CURVES; MASS-LOSS; SUPERNOVA; RADIO; 1993J; EVOLUTION; IB AB We present the UV, optical, X-ray, and radio properties of the Type IIb SN 2008ax discovered in NGC 4490. The observations in the UV are one of the earliest of a Type IIb supernova (SN). On approximately day 4 after the explosion, a dramatic upturn in the u and uvw1 (lambda(c) = 2600 angstrom) light curves occurred after an initial rapid decline which is attributed to adiabatic cooling after the initial shock breakout. This rapid decline and upturn is reminiscent of the Type IIb SN 1993J on day 6 after the explosion. Optical/near-IR spectra taken around the peak reveal prominent H alpha, He I, and Ca II absorption lines. A fading X-ray source is also located at the position of SN 2008ax, implying an interaction of the SN shock with the surrounding circumstellar material and a mass-loss rate of the progenitor of (M) over dot = (9 +/- 3) x 10(-6) M(circle dot) yr(-1). The unusual time evolution (14 days) of the 6 cm peak radio luminosity provides further evidence that themass-loss rate is low. Combining the UV, optical, X-ray, and radio data with models of helium exploding stars implies the progenitor of SN 2008ax was an unmixed star in an interacting binary. Modeling of the SN light curve suggests a kinetic energy (E(k)) of 0.5 x 10(51) erg, an ejecta mass (M(ej)) of 2.9 M(circle dot), and a nickel mass (M(Ni)) of 0.06 M(circle dot). C1 [Roming, P. W. A.; Pritchard, T. A.; Brown, P. J.; Hoversten, E. A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Holland, S. T.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Holland, S. T.] Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Immler, S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Immler, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Stockdale, C. J.; Vandrevala, C.] Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Weiler, K. W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Panagia, N.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Panagia, N.] Osserv Astrofis Catania, INAF CT, I-95123 Catania, Italy. [Van Dyk, S. D.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, IPAC, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Milne, P. A.] Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Oates, S. R.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [Russell, B.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Roming, PWA (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM roming@astro.psu.edu OI Van Dyk, Schuyler/0000-0001-9038-9950 FU NASA [NAS5-00136, NNX09AC90G] FX We thank Alicia Soderberg for suggestions regarding this work, which is sponsored at PSU by NASA contract NAS5-00136 and at Marquette by NASA award NNX09AC90G. The HET of UT-Austin, PSU, Stanford, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, and Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen, is named in honor of William Hobby and Robert Eberly. NR 49 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD OCT 20 PY 2009 VL 704 IS 2 BP L118 EP L123 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/704/2/L118 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 508JR UT WOS:000270927500010 ER PT J AU Petrovykh, DY Smith, JC Clark, TD Stine, R Baker, LA Whitman, LJ AF Petrovykh, Dmitri Y. Smith, Jennifer C. Clark, Thomas D. Stine, Rory Baker, Lane A. Whitman, Lloyd J. TI Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiols on InAs SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID RAY-PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; BARE SEMICONDUCTOR SURFACES; SULFUR-PASSIVATED INAS; III-V SEMICONDUCTORS; 50-2000 EV RANGE; MEAN FREE PATHS; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; THERMAL-STABILITY; GALLIUM-ARSENIDE; GAAS SURFACE AB We describe the deposition and properties of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of methyl-terminated alkanethiols on InAs(001) surface. For these model hydrophobic films, we used water contact angle measurements to survey the preparation of alkanethiol monolayers from base-activated ethanolic Solutions as a function of the solution and deposition parameters, including chain length of alkanethiols, deposition time, and solution temperature and pH. We then used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ellipsometry, and electrochemistry to characterize the composition and structure of octadecanethiol (ODT) monolayers deposited on InAs tinder optimized conditions. When applied to a thoroughly degreased InAs(001) wafer surface, the basic ODT solution removes the native oxide without excessively etching the underlying InAs(001) substrate. The resulting Film contains approximately one monolayer of ODT molecules, attached to the InAs surface almost exclusively via thiolate bonds to In atoms, with organic chains extended away from the surface. These ODT monolayers are stable against degradation and oxidation in air, organic solvents, and aqueous buffers. The same base-activated ODT treatment can also be used to passivate exposed InAs/AlSb quantum well (QW) devices, preserving the unique electronic properties of InAs surfaces and allowing the operation of such passivated devices as continuous flow pH-sensors. C1 [Petrovykh, Dmitri Y.; Smith, Jennifer C.; Clark, Thomas D.; Stine, Rory; Baker, Lane A.; Whitman, Lloyd J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Petrovykh, Dmitri Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Petrovykh, DY (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6176, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM dmitri.petrovykh@nrl.navy.mil RI Petrovykh, Dmitri/A-3432-2008; Whitman, Lloyd/G-9320-2011; Stine, Rory/C-6709-2013; Baker, Lane/B-6452-2008 OI Petrovykh, Dmitri/0000-0001-9089-4076; Whitman, Lloyd/0000-0002-3117-1174; FU Office of Naval Research; Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX The authors thank Dr. Cy R. Tarnanaha (N R L) and M ichael Malito (Nova Research, Inc.) for providing the microfluidics setup; Dr. Kendra M. McCoy (NRL) for assistance with electrochemical measurements Dr. James C. Culbertson, Dr. F. Keith Perkins, and Dr. Eric S. Snow (NRL) for providing the QW devices and for assistance with electronic and sensor measurements. D.Y.P. thanks Dr. Christine L. McGuiness (The Pennsylvania State University) for insightful discussions of surface chemistry and SAMs on III-V semiconductors. R.S. is an employee of Nova Research, Inc., Alexandria, VA. Funding for this work was provided by the Office of Naval Research and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. NR 58 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD OCT 20 PY 2009 VL 25 IS 20 BP 12185 EP 12194 DI 10.1021/la804314j PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 504DO UT WOS:000270594500032 PM 19778053 ER PT J AU Nollens, HH Rivera, R Palacios, G Wellehan, JFX Saliki, JT Caseltine, SL Smith, CR Jensen, ED Hui, J Lipkin, WI Yochem, PK Wells, RS St Leger, J Venn-Watson, S AF Nollens, Hendrik H. Rivera, Rebecca Palacios, Gustavo Wellehan, James F. X. Saliki, Jeremiah T. Caseltine, Shannon L. Smith, Cynthia R. Jensen, Eric D. Hui, Jeffrey Lipkin, W. Ian Yochem, Pamela K. Wells, Randall S. St Leger, Judy Venn-Watson, Stephanie TI New recognition of Enterovirus infections in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tursiops; Dolphin; Bovine enterovirus; Virus; Pathogen ID MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE; PICORNAVIRUS; VIRUS AB An enterovirus was cultured from an erosive tongue lesion of a bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). The morphology of virions on negative staining electron microscopy was consistent with those of enteroviruses. Analysis of 2613 bp of the polyprotein gene identified the isolate as a novel enterovirus strain, tentatively named bottlenose dolphin enterovirus (BDEV), that nests within the species Bovine enterovirus. Serologic evidence of exposure to enteroviruses was common in both free-ranging and managed collection dolphins. Managed collection dolphins were more likely to have high antibody levels, although the highest levels were reported in free-ranging populations. Associations between enterovirus antibody levels, and age, sex, complete blood counts, and clinical serum biochemistries were explored. Dolphins with higher antibody levels were more likely to be hyperproteinemic and hyperglobulinemic. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Nollens, Hendrik H.] Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, SACS, Marine Mammal Hlth Program, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Nollens, Hendrik H.; Rivera, Rebecca; Yochem, Pamela K.] Hubbs SeaWorld Res Inst, San Diego, CA 92109 USA. [Palacios, Gustavo; Hui, Jeffrey; Lipkin, W. Ian] Columbia Univ, Ctr Infect & Immun, New York, NY USA. [Saliki, Jeremiah T.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Caseltine, Shannon L.] Receptor Log Ltd, Sch Pharm, TTUHSC, Abilene, TX 79601 USA. [Smith, Cynthia R.; Jensen, Eric D.; Venn-Watson, Stephanie] USN, Marine Mammal Program Fdn, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Wells, Randall S.] Mote Marine Lab, Chicago Zool Soc, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA. [St Leger, Judy] SeaWorld, San Diego, CA 92109 USA. RP Nollens, HH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, SACS, Marine Mammal Hlth Program, POB 100126, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM NollensH@mail.vetmed.ufl.edu RI Palacios, Gustavo/I-7773-2015; OI Palacios, Gustavo/0000-0001-5062-1938; Wellehan, Jim/0000-0001-5692-6134 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL083850, R01 HL083850]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI070411, AI1057158, U01 AI070411, U54 AI057158] NR 19 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD OCT 20 PY 2009 VL 139 IS 1-2 BP 170 EP 175 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.05.010 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 511MG UT WOS:000271168800022 PM 19581059 ER PT J AU Lindmark, B Rompikuntal, PK Vaitkevicius, K Song, TY Mizunoe, Y Uhlin, BE Guerry, P Wai, SN AF Lindmark, Barbro Rompikuntal, Pramod Kumar Vaitkevicius, Karolis Song, Tianyan Mizunoe, Yoshimitsu Uhlin, Bernt Eric Guerry, Patricia Wai, Sun Nyunt TI Outer membrane vesicle-mediated release of cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) from Campylobacter jejuni SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CELL-CYCLE ARREST; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; VIRULENCE; PROTEIN; SURFACE; GENES; HOST; SEQUENCE AB Background: Background: Cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) is one of the well-characterized virulence factors of Campylobacter jejuni, but it is unknown how CDT becomes surface-exposed or is released from the bacterium to the surrounding environment. Results: Our data suggest that CDT is secreted to the bacterial culture supernatant via outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) released from the bacteria. All three subunits (the CdtA, CdtB, and CdtC proteins) were detected by immunogold labeling and electron microscopy of OMVs. Subcellular fractionation of the bacteria indicated that, apart from the majority of CDT detected in the cytoplasmic compartment, appreciable amounts (20-50%) of the cellular pool of CDT proteins were present in the periplasmic compartment. In the bacterial culture supernatant, we found that a majority of the extracellular CDT was tightly associated with the OMVs. Isolated OMVs could exert the cell distending effects typical of CDT on a human intestinal cell line, indicating that CDT is present there in a biologically active form. Conclusion: Our results strongly suggest that the release of outer membrane vesicles is functioning as a route of C. jejuni to deliver all the subunits of CDT toxin ( CdtA, CdtB, and CdtC) to the surrounding environment, including infected host tissue. C1 [Lindmark, Barbro; Rompikuntal, Pramod Kumar; Vaitkevicius, Karolis; Song, Tianyan; Uhlin, Bernt Eric; Wai, Sun Nyunt] Umea Univ, Dept Mol Biol, S-90187 Umea, Sweden. [Mizunoe, Yoshimitsu] Jikei Univ, Sch Med, Dept Bacteriol, Tokyo 1058461, Japan. [Uhlin, Bernt Eric] Umea Univ, Lab Mol Infect Med Sweden, S-90187 Umea, Sweden. [Guerry, Patricia] USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Wai, SN (reprint author), Umea Univ, Dept Mol Biol, S-90187 Umea, Sweden. EM barbro.lindmark@molbiol.umu.se; pramod.rompikuntal@molbiol.umu.se; karolis.vaitkevicius@molbiol.umu.se; tianyan.song@molbiol.umu.se; mizunoe@jikei.ac.jp; bernt.eric.uhlin@molbiol.umu.se; patricia.guerry@med.navy.mil; sun.nyunt.wai@molbiol.umu.se RI Guerry, Patricia/A-8024-2011; rompikuntal, pramod/C-6917-2015; OI rompikuntal, pramod/0000-0002-4754-4676; Song, Tianyan/0000-0003-3155-7699 FU Swedish Research Council; Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education (STINT); Faculty of Medicine, Umea University; Umea Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR); Military Infectious Diseases Research Program [6000.RADI.DA3.A308] FX We thank Mr. Akemi Takade at Kyushu University, Japan for his kind help with the ultrastructural analysis of the OMVs by EM. We also thank Mikael Sellin for advice on thymidine uptake studies and Monica Persson for technical assistance. This work was supported by grants from the Swedish Research Council, the Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education (STINT), the Faculty of Medicine, Umea University and it was performed within the Umea Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR) Linnaeus Program. PG was supported by the Military Infectious Diseases Research Program, work unit #6000.RADI.DA3.A308. NR 46 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD OCT 16 PY 2009 VL 9 AR 220 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-9-220 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 512YU UT WOS:000271289300001 PM 19835618 ER PT J AU Woodman, R Lockette, W AF Woodman, Ryan Lockette, Warren TI Alpha-methyltyrosine inhibits formation of reactive oxygen species and diminishes apoptosis in PC12 cells SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Traumatic brain injury; Chloride channel; Diuretics; Carbonic anhydrase; Allopregnanolone ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; TYROSINE-HYDROXYLASE GENE; SPINAL-CORD INJURY; DOPAMINE-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CATECHOLAMINE SYNTHESIS; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; IN-VITRO; MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION; HEMORRHAGIC NECROSIS AB Objective. Circulating catecholamines; and adrenal steroids are significantly increased following traumatic brain injury, and elevations in plasma catecholamines and cortisol portend a poor outcome. We hypothesize that an increase in the generation of reactive oxygen species from the synthesis of adrenal steroids and catecholamines is responsible for neuronal injury following traumatic brain injury. As a first step in testing this hypothesis, we sought to determine whether or not inhibition of catecholamine synthesis would decrease neuronal damage. Methods and Results. Using PC12 cells as a model of catecholamine synthesizing neurons, and serum deprivation as a method to induce neuronal damage, we show (1) adrenal corticosteroids increase reactive oxygen species formation and apoptosis induced by serum deprivation; (2) the inhibitor of catecholamine synthesis, alpha-methyltyrosine, reduces reactive oxygen species formation and apoptosis in PC12 cells; and (3) that acetazolamide, chlorthalidone, and the neurosteroid, allopregnanolone, which inhibits chloride transport, protect. PC12 cells from apoptosis. Conclusions. it may be possible to protect catecholaminergic neurons from reactive oxygen species-induced apoptotic death by not only blocking catecholamine synthesis, but also, by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase-dependent chloride/bicarbonate exchange with acetazolamide or chlorthalidone. These agents may prove salutary in reducing cell death in patients with traumatic brain injury or stroke. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lockette, Warren] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Lockette, W (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Mail Code KCA, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM Warren.Lockette@med.navy.mil FU Naval Medical Center, San Diego FX These studies were supported by the Naval Medical Center, San Diego. A preliminary report of these findings was presented at the Federation of Societies for Experimental Biology Annual Meeting, 2008, San Diego, CA. The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Navy or Department of Defense. NR 70 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD OCT 16 PY 2009 VL 1296 BP 137 EP 147 DI 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.07.084 PG 11 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 511ME UT WOS:000271168600015 PM 19647721 ER PT J AU Duffy, LD van Bibber, K AF Duffy, Leanne D. van Bibber, Karl TI Axions as dark matter particles SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; STRONG CP PROBLEM; INVISIBLE-AXION; LIGHT PSEUDOSCALARS; GOLDSTONE BOSONS; GLOBAL STRINGS; COSMIC STRINGS; HARMLESS AXION; EARLY UNIVERSE; COSMOLOGY AB We overview the current status of axions as dark matter. The axion is the pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson which arises from the Peccei-Quinn solution to the strong CP problem. Additionally, cold axion populations that can contribute to the dark matter of the universe will be generated via this mechanism. After reviewing these topics, we focus on constraints from the laboratory, astrophysics and cosmology. We discuss the current status of experimental searches and the consequences of the distribution of dark matter axions in the galactic halo for these searches. The axion remains an excellent candidate for the dark matter and future experiments, particularly the Axion Dark Matter eXperiment (ADMX), will cover a large fraction of the axion parameter space. C1 [Duffy, Leanne D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [van Bibber, Karl] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [van Bibber, Karl] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Duffy, LD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lduffy@lanl.gov; kvanbibber@llnl.gov OI Duffy, Leanne/0000-0002-0123-6723 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07-NA27344, LLNL-JRNL-412070, DE-AC52-06NA25396, LA-UR09-02007]; Los Alamos National Laboratory; Lawrence Livermore and Los Alamos National Laboratories FX This work at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC52-07NA27344 and is approved for publication under LLNL-JRNL-412070. At Los Alamos National Laboratory, this work was supported in part by the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC52-06NA25396 and is approved for publication under LA-UR09-02007. The support of the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program for enabling technology development at both Lawrence Livermore and Los Alamos National Laboratories is gratefully acknowledged. NR 83 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD OCT 16 PY 2009 VL 11 AR 105008 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/11/10/105008 PG 20 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 509QP UT WOS:000271033500006 ER PT J AU Hendrickson, J MacMahan, J AF Hendrickson, John MacMahan, Jamie TI Diurnal sea breeze effects on inner-shelf cross-shore exchange SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Sea breeze; Inner-shelf; Stokes drift; Vertical profiles; Waves; Cross-shore exchange ID SURFACE BOUNDARY-LAYER; MONTEREY BAY; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; RIP CURRENTS; VERTICAL STRUCTURE; FINITE DEPTH; WAVE; WIND; DRIVEN AB Cross-shore exchange by strong (cross-shore wind stress, tau(sx) > 0.05 Pa) diurnal (7-25 h) sea breeze events are investigated using two years of continuous wind. wave, and ocean velocity profiles in 13 m water depth on the inner-shelf in Marina. Monterey bay, California. The diurnal Surface wind stress, waves. and currents have spectral peaks at 1, 2, and 3 cpd and the diurnal variability represents about 50% of the total variability. During sea breeze relaxation (-0.05 < tau(sx) < 0.05 Pa), a background wave driven inner-shelf Eulerian undertow profile exists, which is equal and opposite to the Lagrangian Stokes drift profile, resulting in a net zero Lagrangian transport at depth in the presence of a sea breeze (tau(sx) > 005 Pa), a uniform offshore profile develops that is different from the background undertow profile allowing cross-shore Lagrangian transport to develop, while including Lagrangian Stokes drift The diurnal cross-shore current response is similar to subtidal ( > 25 h) cross-shore current response as, found by Fewings et al (2008) The seasonality of waves and winds modify the diurnal sea breeze impact. it is suggested that material is not transported cross-shore except during sea breeze events owing to near zero transport during relaxation periods During sea breeze events, cross-shore exchange of material appears to occur onshore near the Surface and offshore near the sea bed Since sea breeze events last for a few hours. the long-term cross-shore transport is incremental each day Published by Elsevier Ltd C1 [Hendrickson, John; MacMahan, Jamie] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93933 USA. RP MacMahan, J (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93933 USA. FU Office of Naval Research Coastal Geosciences Program; California State Coastal Conservancy; National Science Foundation; Navy; ONR Contracts [N00014-05-1-0154, N00014-05-1-0352, N0001407WR20226, N0001408WR20006] FX We extend our appreciation to many folks who assisted in obtaining the long-term ADCP and wind dataset: Ed Thornton, Tim Stanton, Jim Stockel, Rob Wyland, Mark Orzech, Keith Wyckoff, Ron Cowen, and Dick Lind. We appreciate Mike Cook's time and patience in making us better T-TIDE users. Jenna Brown and Mike Cook assisted with data processing and Matlab tutorials, We thank Ed Thornton for his manuscript comments and valuable input. We also thank Jeff Paduan and Leslie Rosenfield for their discussions. This work was funded through the Office of Naval Research Coastal Geosciences Program, California State Coastal Conservancy, and the National Science Foundation. The ADCP infrastructure was funded in part by the California State Coastal Conservancy as part of the Coastal Ocean Circulation Monitoring Program-Northern California tinder Contract (sic)04-034. Hendrickson was supported by the Navy, while a MS Student at the Naval Postgraduate School. MacMahan was supported by ONR Contracts, (sic)N00014-05-1-0154, N00014-05-1-0352, N0001407WR20226, N0001408WR20006, and the National Science Foundation OCE 0728324. NR 65 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-4343 J9 CONT SHELF RES JI Cont. Shelf Res. PD OCT 15 PY 2009 VL 29 IS 18 BP 2195 EP 2206 DI 10.1016/j.csr.2009.08.011 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 518LP UT WOS:000271694100003 ER PT J AU Pohlman, JW Kaneko, M Heuer, VB Coffin, RB Whiticar, M AF Pohlman, J. W. Kaneko, M. Heuer, V. B. Coffin, R. B. Whiticar, M. TI Methane sources and production in the northern Cascadia margin gas hydrate system SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE methanogenesis; methane; stable isotopes; gas hydrate; Cascadia margin; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) ID CARBON-ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; ORGANIC-MATTER; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; FLUID EXPULSION; ACCRETIONARY PRISMS; CONTINENTAL-MARGIN; VANCOUVER-ISLAND; OFFSHORE OREGON; ACTIVE MARGIN; HYDROGEN AB The oceanographic and tectonic conditions of accretionary margins are well-suited for several potential processes governing methane generation, storage and release. To identify the relevant methane evolution pathways in the northern Cascadia accretionary margin, a four-site transect was drilled during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 311. The delta(13)C values of methane range from a minimum value of -82.2%. on an uplifted ridge of accreted sediment near the deformation front (Site U1326, 1829 mbsl, meters below sea level) to a maximum value of -39.5%. at the most landward location within an area of steep canyons near the shelf edge (Site U1329, 946 mbsl). An interpretation based solely on methane isotope values might conclude the (13)C-enrichment of methane indicates a transition from microbially- to thermogenically-sourced methane. However, the co-existing CO(2) exhibits a similar trend of (13)C-enrichment along the transect with values ranging from -22.5 parts per thousand to +25.7 parts per thousand. The magnitude of the carbon isotope separation between methane and CO(2) (epsilon(c) = 63.8 +/- 5.8) is consistent with isotope fractionation during microbially mediated carbonate reduction. These results, in conjunction with a transect-wide gaseous hydrocarbon content composed of > 99.8% (by volume) methane and uniform delta D(CH4) values (-172 parts per thousand +/- 8) that are distinct from thermogenic methane at a seep located 60 km from the Expedition 311 transect, suggest microbial CO(2) reduction is the predominant methane source at all investigated sites. The magnitude of the intra-site downhole (13)C-enrichment Of CO(2) within the accreted ridge (Site U1326) and a slope basin nearest the deformation front (Site U1325, 2195 mbsl) is similar to 5 parts per thousand. At the mid-slope site (Site U1327, 1304 mbsl) the downhole (13)C-enrichment of the CO(2) is similar to 25 parts per thousand and increases to similar to 40 parts per thousand at the near-shelf edge Site U1329. This isotope fractionation pattern is indicative of more extensive diagenetic alteration at sites with greater (13)C-enrichment. The magnitude of the (13)C-enrichment Of CO(2) correlates with decreasing sedimentation rates and a diminishing occurrence of stratigraphic gas hydrate. We suggest the decreasing sedimentation rates increase the exposure time of sedimentary organic matter to aerobic and anaerobic degradation, during burial, thereby reducing the availability of metabolizable organic matter available for methane production. This process is reflected in the occurrence and distribution of gas hydrate within the northern Cascadia margin accretionary prism. Our observations are relevant for evaluating methane production and the occurrence of stratigraphic gas hydrate within other convergent margins. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pohlman, J. W.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Kaneko, M.] Kyushu Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Fukuoka 8128581, Japan. [Heuer, V. B.] Univ Bremen, Organ Geochem Grp, Dept Geosci, D-28334 Bremen, Germany. [Heuer, V. B.] Univ Bremen, MARUM, Ctr Marine Environm Sci, D-28334 Bremen, Germany. [Coffin, R. B.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Whiticar, M.] Univ Victoria, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. RP Pohlman, JW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Sci Ctr, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. EM jpohlman@usgs.gov RI U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016 FU U.S. National Science Foundation; Joint Oceanographic Institutions (JOI), Inc.; U.S. Science Support Program (USSP); Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (MJW); Joides Resolution FX Samples and data were provided by the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP), which is funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation and participating countries under management of the Joint Oceanographic Institutions (JOI), Inc. Funding for this research was provided by the U.S. Science Support Program (USSP), and Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (MJW). We thank the Captain and the crew of the Joides Resolution and the technical staff for their support at sea: in particular, C. Bennight and L. Brant for tireless assistance in the laboratory. Guidance and support from Tim Collett, Michael Riedel and Mitch Malone are appreciated. We also acknowledge R. Plummer and Paul Eby for technical support and assistance with the isotopic analysis. We thank Jim Bauer, George Claypool, Carolyn Ruppel and Bill Waite for productive discussions and valuable comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. Any use of a trade, product, or firm name is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 58 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 3 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD OCT 15 PY 2009 VL 287 IS 3-4 BP 504 EP 512 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2009.08.037 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 522PQ UT WOS:000272010800023 ER PT J AU Long, JW Sassin, MB Fischer, AE Rolison, DR Mansour, AN Johnson, VS Stallworth, PE Greenbaum, SG AF Long, Jeffrey W. Sassin, Megan B. Fischer, Anne E. Rolison, Debra R. Mansour, Azzam N. Johnson, Valencia S. Stallworth, Phillip E. Greenbaum, Steve G. TI Multifunctional MnO2-Carbon Nanoarchitectures Exhibit Battery and Capacitor Characteristics in Alkaline Electrolytes SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID MANGANESE-DIOXIDE ELECTRODE; LITHIUM HYDROXIDE ELECTROLYTE; ELECTROCHEMICAL-BEHAVIOR; MNO2; RECHARGEABILITY; GAMMA-MNO2; INSERTION; BISMUTH; SYSTEM; OXIDES AB We demonstrate that, when distributed as nanoscale coatings on the walls of carbon nanofoam substrates, manganese oxides exhibit voltammetric signatures in LiOH-containing alkaline electrolytes that are characteristic of either electrochemical capacitors or batteries, depending on the potential range investigated. Pseudocapacitance is observed for positive potential ranges, and ex-situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy confirms that the native layered birnessite MnOx structure is retained as the Mn oxidation state is toggled between 3.72 and 3.43. When the cycling range is extended to more negative potential limits, well-defined reduction and oxidation features are observed, with an associated reversible change in the Mn oxidation state of 0.71 after 25 cycles. For these deep-discharge conditions, high charge-storage capacities are facilitated by the reversible interconversion of birnessite and gamma-MnOOH forms of the nanoscale MnOx coating. Solid-state Li-7 NMR is used to investigate the role of Li+ from the alkaline electrolyte in enhancing the cycling stability of the MnOx-carbon nanofoam. C1 [Long, Jeffrey W.; Sassin, Megan B.; Fischer, Anne E.; Rolison, Debra R.] USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mansour, Azzam N.] NSWC, Carderock Div, Syst & Mat Power & Protect Branch, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Johnson, Valencia S.; Stallworth, Phillip E.; Greenbaum, Steve G.] CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10065 USA. RP Long, JW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Code 6170, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jeffrey.long@nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Office of Naval Research; National Research Council Postdoctoral Associate; National Research Council; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This work is supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research. A.E.F. was a National Research Council Postdoctoral Associate (2006-2007). M.B.S. is currently a National Research Council Postdoctoral Associate (2008-present). Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Katherine A. Pettigrew (Nova Research, Alexandria, VA) provided the TEM image for Figure I and the TOC image. NR 28 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 7 U2 64 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD OCT 15 PY 2009 VL 113 IS 41 BP 17595 EP 17598 DI 10.1021/jp9070696 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 502LA UT WOS:000270459900003 ER PT J AU Sorooshian, A Padro, LT Nenes, A Feingold, G McComiskey, A Hersey, SP Gates, H Jonsson, HH Miller, SD Stephens, GL Flagan, RC Seinfeld, JH AF Sorooshian, Armin Padro, Luz T. Nenes, Athanasios Feingold, Graham McComiskey, Allison Hersey, Scott P. Gates, Harmony Jonsson, Haflidi H. Miller, Steven D. Stephens, Graeme L. Flagan, Richard C. Seinfeld, John H. TI On the link between ocean biota emissions, aerosol, and maritime clouds: Airborne, ground, and satellite measurements off the coast of California SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES LA English DT Review ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; HYGROSCOPIC GROWTH MEASUREMENTS; CENTRAL ARCTIC-OCEAN; MARINE ATMOSPHERE; DIMETHYL SULFIDE; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; SULFUR CYCLE; OXALIC-ACID; DICARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; SURFACE MICROLAYER AB Surface, airborne, and satellite measurements over the eastern Pacific Ocean off the coast of California during the period between 2005 and 2007 are used to explore the relationship between ocean chlorophyll a, aerosol, and marine clouds. Periods of enhanced chlorophyll a and wind speed are coincident with increases in particulate diethylamine and methanesulfonate concentrations. The measurements indicate that amines are a source of secondary organic aerosol in the marine atmosphere. Subsaturated aerosol hygroscopic growth measurements indicate that the organic component during periods of high chlorophyll a and wind speed exhibit considerable water uptake ability. Increased average cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) activity during periods of increased chlorophyll a levels likely results from both size distribution and aerosol composition changes. The available data over the period of measurements indicate that the cloud microphysical response, as represented by either cloud droplet number concentration or cloud droplet effective radius, is likely influenced by a combination of atmospheric dynamics and aerosol perturbations during periods of high chlorophyll a concentrations. C1 [Sorooshian, Armin; Miller, Steven D.; Stephens, Graeme L.] Colorado State Univ, CIRA, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Sorooshian, Armin; Feingold, Graham; McComiskey, Allison] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Padro, Luz T.; Nenes, Athanasios] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Nenes, Athanasios] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [McComiskey, Allison] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Hersey, Scott P.; Gates, Harmony; Flagan, Richard C.; Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Hersey, Scott P.; Gates, Harmony; Flagan, Richard C.; Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Dept Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Jonsson, Haflidi H.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Ctr Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft S, Monterey, CA USA. [Stephens, Graeme L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Sorooshian, A (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, POB 210011, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM armin@email.arizona.edu RI Feingold, Graham/B-6152-2009; McComiskey, Allison/I-3933-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; OI McComiskey, Allison/0000-0002-6125-742X; Sorooshian, Armin/0000-0002-2243-2264 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-04-1-0118]; U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AI02-06ER64215]; Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere Postdoctoral Research Program; Colorado State University FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research grant N00014-04-1-0118 and the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program of the U. S. Department of Energy under grant DE-AI02-06ER64215. A. S. acknowledges support from the Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere Postdoctoral Research Program and Colorado State University. G. F. and A. M. acknowledge support from NOAA's Climate Goal. The images and data used in this study were acquired using the GES-DISC Interactive Online Visualization and Analysis Infrastructure (Giovanni) as part of the NASA's Goddard Earth Sciences (GES) Data and Information Services Center (DISC). The authors gratefully acknowledge the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for provision of the HYSPLIT transport and dispersion model. NR 117 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 4 U2 28 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0886-6236 EI 1944-9224 J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle PD OCT 14 PY 2009 VL 23 AR GB4007 DI 10.1029/2009GB003464 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 508OR UT WOS:000270943200001 ER PT J AU Lu, YC Mansour, AN Yabuuchi, N Shao-Horn, Y AF Lu, Yi-Chun Mansour, Azzam N. Yabuuchi, Naoaki Shao-Horn, Yang TI Probing the Origin of Enhanced Stability of "AIPO(4)" Nanoparticle Coated LiCoO2 during Cycling to High Voltages: Combined XRD and XPS Studies SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID LI-ION BATTERIES; RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRODE-SOLUTION INTERACTIONS; LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERIES; CATHODE MATERIALS; BINDING-ENERGIES; METAL-OXIDES; SURFACE; PERFORMANCE; INTERCALATION AB "AIPO(4)"-coated LiCoO2 was shown to exhibit markedly improved capacity retention and reduced impedance growth relative to bare "LiCoO2" upon cycling to 4.7 V. Scanning electron microscopy imaging showed that file surfaces of the cycled bare "LiCoO2" particles remained very smooth whereas there were many newly formed patches distributed on the surfaces of the cycled coated particles. X-ray powder diffraction analyses revealed that select peak broadening was observed for cycled bare electrodes suggesting that structural damage to LixCoO2 was introduced upon cycling. In contrast, no apparent structural changes to LixCoO2 were found for cycled coated electrodes. Pristine and cycled bare and "AIPO(4)"-coated LiCoO2 electrodes were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. No significant change was detected in the surface chemistry of Co for cycled bare electrodes, but surface LiF and LixPFyOz components were found to considerably increase during cycling, which led to partial surface coverage of LixCoO2. A very small amount of Co-containing oxyfluoride species was detected oil the cycled bare electrodes while considerable amounts of Co-containing and Al-containing fluorides and/or oxyfluorides and species such as PFx(OH)(y) were found oil the cycled coated electrodes, which completely covered the surfaces of the LixCoO2 particles. The mechanism responsible for the enhanced cycling stability and reduced impedance of coated relative to bare electrodes is discussed in detail. C1 [Lu, Yi-Chun; Yabuuchi, Naoaki; Shao-Horn, Yang] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Mansour, Azzam N.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Shao-Horn, Y (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM shaohorn@mit.edu RI Yabuuchi, Naoaki/F-8369-2012; Lu, Yi-Chun/J-1841-2015 OI Yabuuchi, Naoaki/0000-0002-9404-5693; Lu, Yi-Chun/0000-0003-1607-1615 FU National Science Foundation [DMR 02-13282]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SFOO098]; Japanese Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture, Nanotechnology [2007B/BL02B2] FX This work was supported in part by the MRSEC Program of the National Science Foundation under Award No. DMR 02-13282 and the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Freedom CAR and Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SFOO098 with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The authors would like to thank J. Cho for providing bare and coated LiCoO2 samples, A. Appapillai for collecting the electrochernical cycling data shown in Figures 1 a,b and S2, and S. Chen for the assistance in SEM imaging. The synchrotron diffraction experiments were made possible through the support of the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture, Nanotechnology Support Project (Proposal No. 2007B/BL02B2) with the approval of Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI). NR 68 TC 65 Z9 68 U1 11 U2 98 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD OCT 13 PY 2009 VL 21 IS 19 BP 4408 EP 4424 DI 10.1021/cm900862v PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 502LO UT WOS:000270461700012 ER PT J AU Huba, JD Ossakow, SL Joyce, G Krall, J England, SL AF Huba, J. D. Ossakow, S. L. Joyce, G. Krall, J. England, S. L. TI Three-dimensional equatorial spread F modeling: Zonal neutral wind effects SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PEDERSEN CONDUCTIVITY; PLASMA BUBBLES; REGION; IRREGULARITIES; INSTABILITIES; IONOSPHERE; SATELLITE; RADAR AB The NRL SAMI3/ESF three-dimensional simulation code is used to examine the effect of zonal neutral winds on the dynamics and morphology of equatorial spread F (ESF). Three zonal wind models are used: (a) a constant eastward neutral wind of 150 m/s, (b) HWM93, and (c) HWM07. It is shown that the dynamics and morphology of the ESF bubbles depends strongly on the zonal neutral wind. The simulation results are compared with TIMED/GUVI and IMAGE/FUV data. For the conditions studied (F10.7 = 170) it is found that the HWM93 wind model results agree better with the data than those from a constant wind model or HWM07. Specifically, observations of a reversed 'C' shaped FUV image, a westward tilt of the plasma bubble, and a decrease in zonal bubble velocity with increasing latitude are reproduced by SAMI3/ESF. Citation: Huba, J. D., S. L. Ossakow, G. Joyce, J. Krall, and S. L. England (2009), Three-dimensional equatorial spread F modeling: Zonal neutral wind effects, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L19106, doi: 10.1029/2009GL040284. C1 [Huba, J. D.; Krall, J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ossakow, S. L.] Berkeley Res Associates Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Joyce, G.] Icarus Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [England, S. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Huba, JD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Code 6790, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM huba@ppd.nrl.navy.mil FU LWS NASA [NNX07AT80G]; ONR FX This research has been supported by an LWS NASA grant NNX07AT80G (SLE) and ONR. NR 29 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD OCT 13 PY 2009 VL 36 AR L19106 DI 10.1029/2009GL040284 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 508OM UT WOS:000270942700006 ER PT J AU Xiong, C Magi, E Luan, F Tuniz, A Dekker, S Sanghera, JS Shaw, LB Aggarwal, ID Eggleton, BJ AF Xiong, C. Magi, E. Luan, F. Tuniz, A. Dekker, S. Sanghera, J. S. Shaw, L. B. Aggarwal, I. D. Eggleton, B. J. TI Characterization of picosecond pulse nonlinear propagation in chalcogenide As2S3 fiber SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOINDUCED BRAGG GRATINGS; GLASS OPTICAL-FIBERS; PLANAR WAVE-GUIDES; RAMAN GAIN; SUPERCONTINUUM GENERATION; WAVELENGTH CONVERSION; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; AMORPHOUS AS2S3; PHASE-SHIFTS; ABSORPTION AB We characterize the nonlinear propagation of picosecond pulses in chalcogenide As2S3 single-mode fiber using a pump-probe technique. The cross-phase modulation (XPM)-induced sideband broadening and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS)-induced sideband amplification are measured in order to map out the Raman gain spectrum of this glass across the C-band. We extract the Raman response function from the Raman gain spectrum and determine the power and polarization dependence of the SRS. In contrast to previous work using As2Se3 fiber, we find that the As2S3 fiber does not suffer from large two-photon absorption (TPA) in the wavelength range of the telecommunications band. We achieved a 20 dB peak Raman gain at a Stokes shift of 350 cm(-1) in a 205 mm length of As2S3 single-mode fiber. The Raman gain coefficient is estimated to be 4.3 x 10(-12) m/W and the threshold pump peak power is estimated to be 16.2W for the 205 mm As2S3 fiber. We also demonstrate that we can infer the dispersion of the As2S3 fiber and justify the Raman response function by comparing simulation and experimental results. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Xiong, C.; Magi, E.; Luan, F.; Tuniz, A.; Dekker, S.; Eggleton, B. J.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, IPOS, CUDOS, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Sanghera, J. S.; Shaw, L. B.; Aggarwal, I. D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Xiong, C (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, IPOS, CUDOS, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM chunle@physics.usyd.edu.au RI Luan, Feng/A-5109-2011 FU Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence program; ARC Federation Fellowship Program FX We acknowledge the support of the Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence program and the ARC Federation Fellowship Program. The Centre for Ultrahigh-Bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (CUDOS) is an ARC Centre of Excellence. NR 42 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 13 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 10 PY 2009 VL 48 IS 29 BP 5467 EP 5474 DI 10.1364/AO.48.005467 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 505DC UT WOS:000270667800007 PM 19823228 ER PT J AU Windt, DL Bellotti, JA Kjomrattanawanich, B Seely, JF AF Windt, David L. Bellotti, Jeffrey A. Kjomrattanawanich, Benjawan Seely, John F. TI Performance optimization of Si/Gd extreme ultraviolet multilayers SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID GADOLINIUM; MISSION; FILMS AB We compare the performance, stability and microstructure of Si/Gd multilayers containing thin barrier layers of W, B4C, or SiNx, and determine that multilayers containing 0.6 nm thick W barrier layers at each interface provide the best compromise between high peak reflectance in the extreme ultraviolet near lambda = 60 nm and good stability upon heating. The Si/W/Gd films have sharper interfaces and also show vastly superior thermal stability relative to Si/Gd multilayers without barrier layers. We find that these structures have relatively small compressive film stresses, and show good temporal stability thus far. We measured a peak reflectance of 29.7% at lambda = 62.5 nm, and a spectral bandpass of Delta lambda = 9 nm (FWHM), for an optimized Si/W/Gd multilayer having a period d = 32.0 nm. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Windt, David L.; Bellotti, Jeffrey A.] Reflect Xray Opt LLC, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Kjomrattanawanich, Benjawan] Univ Space Res Assoc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Seely, John F.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Windt, DL (reprint author), Reflect Xray Opt LLC, 1361 Amsterdam Ave,Suite 3B, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM davidwindt@gmail.com FU NASA Small Business Innovation Research [NNM07AA41C, NNM08AA24C] FX This research was sponsored by NASA Small Business Innovation Research contract numbers NNM07AA41C and NNM08AA24C. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 10 PY 2009 VL 48 IS 29 BP 5502 EP 5508 DI 10.1364/AO.48.005502 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 505DC UT WOS:000270667800012 PM 19823233 ER PT J AU Caglar, A Liakos, A AF Caglar, Atife Liakos, Anastasios TI Weak imposition of boundary conditions for the Navier-Stokes equations by a penalty method SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE Navier-Stokes equations; Navier's slip law; penalty method; slip with friction boundary conditions ID FINITE-ELEMENT APPROXIMATION; SLIP AB We prove convergence of the finite element method for the Navier-Stokes equations in which the no-slip condition and no-penetration condition on the flow boundary are imposed via a penalty method. This approach has been previously studied for the Stokes problem by Liakos (Weak imposition of boundary conditions in the Stokes problem. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Pittsburgh, 1999). Since, in most realistic applications, inertial effects dominate, it is crucial to extend the validity of the method to the nonlinear Navier-Stokes case. This report includes the analysis of this extension, as well as numerical results validating their analytical counterparts. Specifically, we show that optimal order of convergence can be achieved if the computational boundary follows the real flow boundary exactly. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Caglar, Atife] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Math, Green Bay, WI 54302 USA. [Liakos, Anastasios] USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Caglar, A (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Math, Green Bay, WI 54302 USA. EM caglara@uwgb.edu FU NSF [DMS 9972622, INT 9814115, INT 9805563] FX The authors would like to thank Prof. Volker John for his assistance on the computational part of this paper. Partially supported by NSF grants DMS 9972622, INT 9814115 and INT 9805563. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0271-2091 J9 INT J NUMER METH FL JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids PD OCT 10 PY 2009 VL 61 IS 4 BP 411 EP 431 DI 10.1002/fld.1950 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 509WX UT WOS:000271051100003 ER PT J AU Reniers, AJHM MacMahan, JH Thornton, EB Stanton, TP Henriquez, M Brown, JW Brown, JA Gallagher, E AF Reniers, A. J. H. M. MacMahan, J. H. Thornton, E. B. Stanton, T. P. Henriquez, M. Brown, J. W. Brown, J. A. Gallagher, E. TI Surf zone surface retention on a rip-channeled beach SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID SHEAR INSTABILITIES; VALIDATION; DISPERSION; CURRENTS; MODEL; EVOLUTION; DRIFTERS; WAVES; FLOW AB The retention of floating matter within the surf zone on a rip-channeled beach is examined with a combination of detailed field observations obtained during the Rip Current Experiment and a three-dimensional (3-D) wave and flow model. The acoustic Doppler current profiler-observed hourly vertical cross-shore velocity structure variability over a period of 3 days with normally incident swell is well reproduced by the computations, although the strong vertical attenuation of the subsurface rip current velocities at the most offshore location outside the surf zone in 4 m water depth is not well predicted. Corresponding mean alongshore velocities are less well predicted with errors on the order of 10 cm/s for the most offshore sensors. Model calculations of very low frequency motions (VLFs) with O(10) min timescales typically explain over 60% of the observed variability, both inside and outside of the surf zone. The model calculations also match the mean rip-current surface flow field inferred from GPS-equipped drifter trajectories. Seeding the surf zone with a large number of equally spaced virtual drifters, the computed instantaneous surface velocity fields are used to calculate the hourly drifter trajectories. Collecting the hourly drifter exits, good agreement with the observed surf zone retention is obtained provided that both Stokes drift and VLF motions are accounted for in the modeling of the computed drifter trajectories. Without Stokes drift, the estimated number of virtual drifter exits is O(80)%, almost an order of magnitude larger than the O(20)% of observed exits during the drifter deployments. Conversely, when excluding the VLF motions instead, the number of calculated drifter exits is less than 5%, thus significantly underestimating the number of observed exits. Citation: Reniers, A. J. H. M., J. H. MacMahan, E. B. Thornton, T. P. Stanton, M. Henriquez, J. W. Brown, J. A. Brown, and E. Gallagher (2009), Surf zone surface retention on a rip-channeled beach, J. Geophys. Res., 114, C10010, doi:10.1029/2008JC005153. C1 [Reniers, A. J. H. M.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Appl Marine Phys Dept, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Reniers, A. J. H. M.; Henriquez, M.] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Hydraul Engn, NL-2600 AA Delft, Netherlands. [Brown, J. W.; Brown, J. A.] Univ Delaware, Ctr Appl Coastal Res, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Gallagher, E.] Franklin & Marshall Coll, Dept Biol, Lancaster, PA 17604 USA. [MacMahan, J. H.; Thornton, E. B.; Stanton, T. P.; Brown, J. A.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Reniers, AJHM (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Appl Marine Phys Dept, Miami, FL 33149 USA. EM areniers@rsmas.miami.edu RI Henriquez, Martijn/F-2311-2010 FU Office of Naval Research Coastal Geosciences Program; Delaware Sea Grant; California State Coastal Conservancy; National Science Foundation [OCE 0728324, 0340758]; ONR [N0001407WR20226, N0001408WR20006, N000140710556, N00014-05-1-0154, N00014-05-1-0352, N000140510153]; California State Coastal Conservancy as part of the Coastal Ocean Circulation Monitoring Program - Northern California [04-034]; Delft University of Technology; Technology Foundation STW; NWO [DCB. 7908] FX We extend our appreciation to the many folks who assisted in obtaining drifter data set: Jim Stockel, Rob Wyland, Keith Wyckoff, Ron Cowen, Natalie Lauder, Mark Orzech, Nick Dodd, Jim Lambert, and Lance Valenzuela. This work was funded through the Office of Naval Research Coastal Geosciences Program, Delaware Sea Grant, California State Coastal Conservancy, and the National Science Foundation. The field experiment, travel support, and staff support (Stockel, Wyland, Wyckoff, and Cowen) were provided by ONR N0001407WR20226 and N0001408WR20006. Supporting experimental infrastructure (directional wave and video observations) was funded in part by the California State Coastal Conservancy as part of the Coastal Ocean Circulation Monitoring Program - Northern California under contract 04-034. Reniers was supported by ONR N000140710556. MacMahan was supported by ONR contracts N00014-05-1-0154, N00014-05-1-0352, N0001407WR20226, and N0001408WR20006 and the National Science Foundation OCE 0728324. J. W. Brown was supported by the Delaware Sea Grant, University of Delaware, and ONR N0001407WR20226 and N0001408WR20006. J. A. Brown was supported by Delaware Sea Grant, University of Delaware, and ONR N0001407WR20226 and N0001408WR20006. Thornton was supported by ONR N0001407WR20226. M. Henriquez was funded by Delft University of Technology and the Technology Foundation STW, applied science division of NWO, in the Netherlands, under project DCB. 7908. Gallagher was supported from ONR N000140510153 and from NSF OCE ADVANCE award 0340758. We thank DELTARES for the use of their Delft3D software. We thank the reviewers for their constructive comments, which resulted in an improved paper. NR 44 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD OCT 10 PY 2009 VL 114 AR C10010 DI 10.1029/2008JC005153 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 505OT UT WOS:000270704400001 ER PT J AU Ngai, KL Plazek, DJ Roland, CM AF Ngai, K. L. Plazek, D. J. Roland, C. M. TI Comment on "Resolving the Mystery of the Chain Friction Mechanism in Polymer Liquids" SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Editorial Material ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT POLYSTYRENE; GLASS-TRANSITION; SELF-DIFFUSION; DYNAMICS; TEMPERATURE; RELAXATION; MOTION; MODES C1 [Ngai, K. L.; Roland, C. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Plazek, D. J.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Ngai, KL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 9 PY 2009 VL 103 IS 15 AR 159801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.159801 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 505EK UT WOS:000270672100060 PM 19905671 ER PT J AU Fragiadakis, D Casalini, R Roland, CM AF Fragiadakis, D. Casalini, R. Roland, C. M. TI Density Scaling and Dynamic Correlations in Viscous Liquids SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID GLASS-FORMING LIQUIDS; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; NONLINEAR SUSCEPTIBILITY; CONFIGURATIONAL ENTROPY; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; MOLECULAR LIQUIDS; ALPHA-RELAXATION; HIGH-PRESSURE; LENGTH SCALE; TRANSITION AB We use a recently proposed method (Berthier, L.; Biroli, G.; Bouchaud, J.P.; Cipelletti, L.; El Masri, D.; L'Hote, D.; Ladieu, F.; Pierno, M. Science 2005, 310, 1797) to obtain an approximation to the four-point dynamic correlation function from derivatives of the linear dielectric response function. For four liquids over a range of pressures, we find that the number of dynamically correlated molecules, N-c, depends essentially only on the magnitude of the relaxation time, tau(alpha) independently of temperature and pressure. This result is consistent with the invariance of the shape of the relaxation dispersion at constant tau(alpha) and the density scaling property of the relaxation times, and implies that N-c also conforms to the same scaling behavior. For propylene carbonate and salol, N-c becomes constant with approach to the Arrhenius regime, consistent with the value of unity expected for intermolecularly noncooperative relaxation. C1 [Fragiadakis, D.; Casalini, R.; Roland, C. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Roland, CM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Fragiadakis, Daniel/A-4510-2009 FU National Research Council FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. D.F. acknowledges the National Research Council for it postdoctoral fellowship. NR 50 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD OCT 8 PY 2009 VL 113 IS 40 BP 13134 EP 13137 DI 10.1021/jp907553b PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 501EX UT WOS:000270363500002 PM 19791816 ER PT J AU Chapuran, TE Toliver, P Peters, NA Jackel, J Goodman, MS Runser, RJ McNown, SR Dallmann, N Hughes, RJ McCabe, KP Nordholt, JE Peterson, CG Tyagi, KT Mercer, L Dardy, H AF Chapuran, T. E. Toliver, P. Peters, N. A. Jackel, J. Goodman, M. S. Runser, R. J. McNown, S. R. Dallmann, N. Hughes, R. J. McCabe, K. P. Nordholt, J. E. Peterson, C. G. Tyagi, K. T. Mercer, L. Dardy, H. TI Optical networking for quantum key distribution and quantum communications SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FIBER; CRYPTOGRAPHY; SWITCH AB Modern optical networking techniques have the potential to greatly extend the applicability of quantum communications by moving beyond simple point-to-point optical links and by leveraging existing fibre infrastructures. We experimentally demonstrate many of the fundamental capabilities that are required. These include optical-layer multiplexing, switching and routing of quantum signals; quantum key distribution (QKD) in a dynamically reconfigured optical network; and coexistence of quantum signals with strong conventional telecom traffic on the same fibre. We successfully operate QKD at 1310 nm over a fibre shared with four optically amplified data channels near 1550 nm. We identify the dominant impairment as spontaneous anti-Stokes Raman scattering of the strong signals, quantify its impact, and measure and model its propagation through fibre. We describe a quantum networking architecture which can provide the flexibility and scalability likely to be critical for supporting widespread deployment of quantum applications. C1 [Chapuran, T. E.; Toliver, P.; Peters, N. A.; Jackel, J.; Goodman, M. S.] Telcordia Technol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Runser, R. J.; McNown, S. R.] Lab Telecommun Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Dallmann, N.; Hughes, R. J.; McCabe, K. P.; Nordholt, J. E.; Peterson, C. G.; Tyagi, K. T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Mercer, L.; Dardy, H.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chapuran, TE (reprint author), Telcordia Technol, 1 Telcordia Dr, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM tc@research.telcordia.com RI McCabe, Kevin/H-3381-2013; Peters, Nicholas/F-2530-2010 OI Peters, Nicholas/0000-0002-7215-9630 FU IARPA; Laboratory for Telecommunications Sciences FX We gratefully acknowledge that this work was supported by IARPA, and hosted by the Laboratory for Telecommunications Sciences. NR 41 TC 78 Z9 85 U1 1 U2 13 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD OCT 7 PY 2009 VL 11 AR 105001 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/11/10/105001 PG 19 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 507AJ UT WOS:000270821200001 ER PT J AU Ba, KHT Mastro, MA Hite, JK Eddy, CR Ito, T AF Ba, Khanh Hoa Tran Mastro, Michael A. Hite, Jennifer K. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. Ito, Takashi TI Nitrogen-polar gallium nitride substrates as solid-state pH-selective potentiometric sensors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GAN FILMS; ELECTRODES; BIOSENSORS AB This paper reports pH-selective potentiometric responses of epitaxial nitrogen-polar (0001) GaN films on sapphire substrates. The potential of a nitrogen-polar GaN substrate increased with decreasing solution pH from 10 to 2 in a Nernstian manner, whereas it did not significantly change upon increasing the concentrations of the cationic and anionic interfering species. In particular, the negligible responses to anions marked a sharp contrast with previously reported results on gallium-polar GaN that exhibited Nernstian responses to anions. The potentiometric response to pH probably originates from the adsorption of H(+) onto oxide-coated nitrogen-polar GaN substrates having polarization-induced negative surface charge. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3242356] C1 [Ba, Khanh Hoa Tran; Ito, Takashi] Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Mastro, Michael A.; Hite, Jennifer K.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ito, T (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem, 213 CBC Bldg, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM ito@ksu.edu RI Ito, Takashi/A-4193-2008; Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Ito, Takashi/0000-0001-7443-3157; Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 FU Office of Naval Research; American Society for Engineering Education-Naval Research Laboratory FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. James H. Edgar for his invaluable suggestions, and financial support from Targeted Excellence Funds of Kansas State University. Work at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by the Office of Naval Research. J. K. H. acknowledges the support of the American Society for Engineering Education-Naval Research Laboratory Post-doctoral Fellowship Program. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 5 PY 2009 VL 95 IS 14 AR 142501 DI 10.1063/1.3242356 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 505DW UT WOS:000270670200040 ER PT J AU Wu, DH Ikari, T AF Wu, Dong Ho Ikari, Tomofumi TI Enhancement of the output power of a terahertz parametric oscillator with recycled pump beam SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PRISM COUPLER; RADIATION; GENERATION; LINBO3 AB We report a technique for the terahertz parametric oscillator, in which we recycle the pump beam in order to increase the efficiency and enhance the terahertz beam output. In our experiments, the pump laser beam is injected into a doped LiNbO(3) crystal with 5% MgO, and the exiting pump beam is redirected back through the nonlinear crystal. Our data show that the terahertz beam output power increases almost four times in magnitude, when the pump beam is recycled once in crossed-beam geometry. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3240871] C1 [Wu, Dong Ho] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ikari, Tomofumi] Temple Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. RP Wu, DH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM dhwu@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 5 PY 2009 VL 95 IS 14 AR 141105 DI 10.1063/1.3240871 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 505DW UT WOS:000270670200005 ER PT J AU Yang, YJ Fang, YC Chang, MH Ramp, SR Kao, CC Tang, TY AF Yang, Yiing Jang Fang, Ying Chih Chang, Ming-Huei Ramp, Steven R. Kao, Chih-Chung Tang, Tswen Yung TI Observations of second baroclinic mode internal solitary waves on the continental slope of the northern South China Sea SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID INTERFACIAL GRAVITY CURRENTS; STRATIFIED LAKE; DEEP-WATER; PERMANENT FORM; OCEAN; SOLITONS; GENERATION; TIDE; PROPAGATION; EVOLUTION AB A temperature and current velocity mooring, located on the upper continental slope of the northern South China Sea, recorded a number of second baroclinic mode (mode 2) internal solitary waves (ISWs). These types of waves are seldom observed in nature. The mode 2 ISWs typically showed upward (downward) displacement of isotherms in the upper (lower) water column and three layers of eastward, westward, and eastward current from the uppermost to bottommost portions of a wave. In summer, westward-propagating mode 2 ISWs were observed only occasionally. These waves generally appeared after mode 1 ISWs, a feature that may relate to the diurnal tide with a period of approximately 24 hours. The displacement of isotherms induced by mode 2 ISWs was 20 +/- 14 m at 75 m and -22 +/- 15 m at 240 m, and the characteristic time scale was approximately 8.0 +/- 4.3 min. In winter, mode 2 ISWs were more active but mode 1 ISWs were rarely observed. Isotherm displacement by mode 2 ISWs in winter was 30 +/- 18 m at 75 m and -26 +/- 16 m at 240 m, and the average characteristic time scale was 6.9 +/- 4.6 min. The mode 2 ISWs thus had larger amplitudes and smaller time scales in winter than they did in summer. The observed vertical temperature profile also showed notable seasonal change. The thermocline was shallow in summer and deep in winter. In winter, vertical temperature profiles indicated that the main thermocline was located near middepth over the upper continental slope near the 350 m isobath. Mode 1 ISWs were more active in summer than in winter, reflecting the larger Ursell numbers for mode 1 ISWs in summer. Among mode 2 ISWs in summer, 90% appeared after mode 1 ISWs. These results suggest that mode 2 ISWs could be related to mode 1 ISWs. In contrast, mode 2 ISWs were more active in winter than in summer, with larger mode 2 Ursell numbers also found in winter. Among winter mode 2 ISWs, 72% appeared without mode 1 ISWs. Mode 2 ISWs in winter could be related to the main thermocline being located near middepth. These seasonal variations of mode 2 ISWs were correlated with the seasonal change of local stratification. Further study on the different generating mechanisms of mode 2 ISWs in summer and winter is needed. C1 [Yang, Yiing Jang] Naval Acad, Dept Marine Sci, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan. [Fang, Ying Chih; Chang, Ming-Huei; Tang, Tswen Yung] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Ramp, Steven R.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Kao, Chih-Chung] Fortune Inst Technol, Dept Informat Management, Kaohsiung 831, Taiwan. RP Yang, YJ (reprint author), Naval Acad, Dept Marine Sci, POB 90175, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan. EM yjyang@cna.edu.tw; r94241103@ntu.edu.tw; mhchang@ntou.edu.tw; sramp@mbari.org; kcc7879@center.fotech.edu.tw; tyt@ntu.edu.tw OI Yang, Yiing-Jang/0000-0002-6637-9311; CHANG, MING-HUEI/0000-0002-6409-7652 FU National Science Council, Taiwan [NSC 93-2611-M-012-001, NSC 94-2611-M-012-001, NSC 94-2611-M-268-001, NSC 95-2611-M-268-001, NSC 93-2611-M-002-019, NSC 94-2611-M-002-003] FX This study was supported by the National Science Council, Taiwan, under grants NSC 93-2611-M-012-001 and NSC 94-2611-M-012-001 for Y. J. Y., NSC 94-2611-M-268-001 and NSC 95-2611- M-268-001 for C. C. K., and NSC 93-2611-M-002-019 and NSC 94-2611- M-002-003 for T. Y. T. and the Office of Naval Research, USA, for S. R. R. The authors would like thank the technical support groups at National Taiwan University and the Naval Postgraduate School, who all worked tirelessly to execute the fieldwork at sea. The assistance of the captain and crewmembers of the R/V Ocean Researcher I is greatly appreciated. NR 56 TC 31 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD OCT 3 PY 2009 VL 114 AR C10003 DI 10.1029/2009JC005318 PG 15 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 502ML UT WOS:000270464300001 ER PT J AU Meadows, C AF Meadows, Catherine TI Introduction to ACM TISSEC Special Issue on CCS 2005 SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION AND SYSTEM SECURITY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Meadows, C (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5543, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM meadows@itd.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 1094-9224 J9 ACM T INFORM SYST SE JI ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. Secur. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 13 IS 1 AR 1 DI 10.1145/1609956.1609957 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA 522ZU UT WOS:000272040100001 ER PT J AU Spillmann, CM Naciri, J Anderson, GP Chen, MS Ratna, BR AF Spillmann, Christopher M. Naciri, Jawad Anderson, George P. Chen, Mu-San Ratna, Banahalli R. TI Spectral Tuning of Organic Nanocolloids by Controlled Molecular Interactions SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE liquid crystals; supramolecular assembly; perylene; fluorescent nanocolloids; spectral tuning ID DYES; FLUORESCENCE; PIGMENTS; CRYSTALLOCHROMY; NANOPARTICLES; COLLOIDS; PACKING; ORDER AB The controlled self-assembly of molecules and interactions between them remain a challenge in creating tunable and functional organic nanostructures. One class of molecular systems that has proven useful for incorporating tunable functionality at different length scales is liquid crystals (LCs) due to its ability to inherently self-organize. Here we present a novel approach to utilize the self-assembly of polymerizable liquid crystals to control the molecular aggregation of stable fluorescent chromophores and create a unique class of organic fluorescent nanocolloids, By adjusting the ratio between the dye and LC molecules inside the nanocolloids, we demonstrate the ability to control the molecular interactions and tune the fluorescent emission spectra of nanocolloid populations under single wavelength excitation, The single absorption spectrum and multiple emission spectra are highly desirable and reminiscent of the spectroscopic signature of quantum dots. These novel fluorescent nanocolloids have broad potential applications In fluorescent imaging and biological labeling. C1 [Spillmann, Christopher M.; Naciri, Jawad; Anderson, George P.; Chen, Mu-San; Ratna, Banahalli R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Spillmann, CM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM christopher.spillmann@nrl.navy.mil; jawad.naciri@nrl.navy.mil; ratna@nrl.navy.mil RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011 OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) FX The authors thank the Office of Naval Research (ONR) and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) for financial support. The authors also thank J. Zhou and M. Moore for collecting the absorption spectra of the dye in organic solvent and synthesis of the cross-linking agent DACTP11, respectively. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD OCT PY 2009 VL 3 IS 10 BP 3214 EP 3220 DI 10.1021/nn9007498 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 510QR UT WOS:000271106100046 PM 19775123 ER PT J AU Watanabe, K Lin, RP Krucker, S Murphy, RJ Share, GH Harris, MJ Gros, M Muraki, Y Sako, T Matsubara, Y Sakai, T Shibata, S Valdes-Galicia, JF Gonzalez, LX Hurtado, A Musalem, O Miranda, P Martinic, N Ticona, R Velarde, A Kakimoto, F Tsunesada, Y Tokuno, H Ogio, S AF Watanabe, K. Lin, R. P. Krucker, S. Murphy, R. J. Share, G. H. Harris, M. J. Gros, M. Muraki, Y. Sako, T. Matsubara, Y. Sakai, T. Shibata, S. Valdes-Galicia, J. F. Gonzalez, L. X. Hurtado, A. Musalem, O. Miranda, P. Martinic, N. Ticona, R. Velarde, A. Kakimoto, F. Tsunesada, Y. Tokuno, H. Ogio, S. TI Physics of ion acceleration in the solar flare on 2005 September 7 determines gamma-ray and neutron production SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Solar flare; Solar X-rays and gamma-rays; Solar particle event; Cosmic rays ID NOVEMBER; EVENT AB Relativistic neutrons were observed by the neutron monitors at Mt. Chacaltaya and Mexico City and by the solar neutron telescopes at Chacaltaya and Mt. Sierra Negra in association with an X17.0 flare on 2005 September 7. The neutron signal continued for more than 20 min with high statistical significance. Intense emissions of gamma-rays were also registered by INTEGRAL, and during the decay phase by RHESSI. We analyzed these data using the solar-flare magnetic-loop transport and interaction model of Hua et al. [Hua, X.-M., Kozlovsky, B., Lingenfelter, R.E. et al. Angular and energy-dependent neutron emission from solar flare magnetic loops, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 140, 563-579, 2002], and found that the model could successfully fit the data with intermediate values of loop magnetic convergence and pitch-angle scattering parameters. These results indicate that solar neutrons were produced at the same time as the gamma-ray line emission and that ions were continuously accelerated at the emission site. (C) 2009 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Watanabe, K.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Lin, R. P.; Krucker, S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Murphy, R. J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Share, G. H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Harris, M. J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Gros, M.] CEA Saclay, DSM DAPNIA SAp, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Muraki, Y.] Konan Univ, Nada Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6570000, Japan. [Sako, T.; Matsubara, Y.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Sakai, T.] Nihon Univ, Coll Ind Technol, Chiba 2750005, Japan. [Shibata, S.] Chubu Univ, Coll Engn, Aichi 4878501, Japan. [Valdes-Galicia, J. F.; Gonzalez, L. X.; Hurtado, A.; Musalem, O.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geofis, Coyoacan 04510, DF, Mexico. [Miranda, P.; Martinic, N.; Ticona, R.; Velarde, A.] Univ Mayor San Andres, Inst Invest Fis, La Paz, Bolivia. [Kakimoto, F.; Tsunesada, Y.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Tokuno, H.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. [Ogio, S.] Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka 5588585, Japan. RP Watanabe, K (reprint author), Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. EM watanabe.kyoko@isas.jaxa.jp FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan [11203204]; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [16540242]; Nihon University Multidisciplinary Global Research; DGAP-A-UNAM [115303] FX The authors wish to acknowledge the work of our colleagues to manage and maintain the solar neutron telescopes. We also thank the INTEGRAL team, for their support to the mission and guidance in the analysis of the INTEGRAL satellite data. K. Watanabe's work is supported by the Grant-in-Aid program of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Fellows. This work was supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Area, 11203204, by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan, and the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research, 16540242 by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. This research was partly supported by Nihon University Multidisciplinary Global Research Grant for 2001 and 2002 and DGAP-A-UNAM Grant 115303. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 J9 ADV SPACE RES JI Adv. Space Res. PD OCT 1 PY 2009 VL 44 IS 7 BP 789 EP 793 DI 10.1016/j.asr.2009.06.002 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 493UO UT WOS:000269764000002 ER PT J AU Satter, E AF Satter, Elizabeth TI Floret-Like Multinucleated Giant Cells in a Neurofibroma Outside the Context of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID GYNECOMASTIA C1 [Satter, Elizabeth] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Satter, Elizabeth] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Satter, E (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0193-1091 J9 AM J DERMATOPATH JI Am. J. Dermatopathol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 31 IS 7 BP 724 EP 725 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 503ME UT WOS:000270537600022 PM 19701070 ER PT J AU Reardon, JM Carstairs, KL Rudinsky, SL Simon, LV Riffenburgh, RH Tanen, DA AF Reardon, Jacqueline M. Carstairs, Keri L. Rudinsky, Sherri L. Simon, Leslie V. Riffenburgh, Robert H. Tanen, David A. TI Urinalysis is not reliable to detect a urinary tract infection in febrile infants presenting to the ED SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CHILDREN; FEVER; AGE AB Objective: Urinary tract infections are a common source of serious bacterial infections in febrile infants younger than 2 years. Our objective was to compare urinalysis with urine culture in the emergency department evaluation of febrile infants. Methods: A febrile infant registry was instituted at a tertiary care hospital treating an average of 55000 patients annually (27% children), from December 2002 to December 2003. Patients were eligible if they were younger than 3 months and had a temperature of at least 38 degrees C or if they were between 3 and 24 months of age and had a temperature of at least 39 degrees C. Data abstracted included age, sex, and temperature. Urinalysis (UA) and urine culture (UCx) results were obtained from electronic hospital archives. Results: Nine hundred eighty-five patients were entered into the febrile infant registry. Male patients comprised 55%. The mean age of patients was 12.6 months; median was 12 months. Four hundred thirty-five (78% of eligible patients) had both a UA and UCx from the same specimen, and there were 45 (10.3%) positive UCx result. Females accounted for 33 (73%) of 45 positive results. The sensitivity of UA for predicting a positive UCx result was 64% (95% confidence interval [CI], 49%-78%), whereas the specificity was 91% (95% CI, 88%-94%). The positive predictive value was 46% (95% Cl, 31%-53%), with a negative predictive value of 96% (95% Cl, 93%-97%). Conclusion: Urinalysis is not reliable for the detection of urinary tract infections in febrile infants when compared with urine cultures. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Reardon, Jacqueline M.; Carstairs, Keri L.; Rudinsky, Sherri L.; Simon, Leslie V.; Tanen, David A.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Riffenburgh, Robert H.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Tanen, DA (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM david.tanen@med.navy.mil NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0735-6757 EI 1532-8171 J9 AM J EMERG MED JI Am. J. Emerg. Med. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 27 IS 8 BP 930 EP 932 DI 10.1016/j.ajem.2008.07.015 PG 3 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 503WZ UT WOS:000270573900005 PM 19857409 ER PT J AU Riddle, M Gormley, R Tribble, D Cash, B Porter, C AF Riddle, Mark Gormley, Robert Tribble, David Cash, Brooks Porter, Chad TI Post-infectious Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in the US Military 2009 ACG/Governor's Award for Excellence in Clinical Research SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 74th Annual Scientific Meeting and Postgraduate Course of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology CY OCT 23-28, 2009 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol C1 [Riddle, Mark; Gormley, Robert; Porter, Chad] USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Tribble, David] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Cash, Brooks] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. RI Riddle, Mark/A-8029-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 104 SU 3 MA 1302 BP S485 EP S486 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 507LA UT WOS:000270853601290 ER PT J AU Tucholski, EJ AF Tucholski, E. J. TI Tabletop demonstration of multiple source interference using ultrasonic transducers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Superposition of multiple sources, constructive and destructive interference, and array beam forming are common topics demonstrated in undergraduate acoustic classes. The student learning experience is enhanced by building a system with speakers and measuring the resulting amplitude at various angles with a microphone. This experiment is often performed in an anechoic chamber to achieve quantitative agreement between theory and experiment. We have developed a simple tabletop apparatus using inexpensive ultrasonic transducers that yields comparable results without the need to use an anechoic chamber. [DOI: 10.1119/1.3168976] C1 USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Tucholski, EJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. FU U.S. Naval Academy FX The author is grateful to the Physics Department at the U.S. Naval Academy for supporting this course development and outfitting the Underwater Acoustics studio classroom with student laboratory stations to conduct this experiment. Professor Murray Korman designed the envelope detector for a related experiment and provided valuable discussions. Professor L. Tankersley and Professor C. Mungan lent their insights to improving the manuscript. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICS TEACHERS AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 77 IS 10 BP 938 EP 942 DI 10.1119/1.3168976 PG 5 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA 497XB UT WOS:000270096700018 ER PT J AU Pons, T Mattoussi, H AF Pons, Thomas Mattoussi, Hedi TI Investigating Biological Processes at the Single Molecule Level Using Luminescent Quantum Dots SO ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Review DE Semiconductor; Nanocrystal; Quantum dot; Single molecule; Fluorescence; FRET; Biosensing; Hybridization; Molecular motors ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; CDSE/CDS CORE/SHELL NANOCRYSTALS; HAND-OVER-HAND; IN-VIVO; LIVE CELLS; BIOCOMPATIBLE SEMICONDUCTOR; FLUORESCENCE INTERMITTENCY; MULTIFUNCTIONAL LIGANDS; PHOSPHOLIPID MICELLES; AMPHIPHILIC POLYMER AB In this report we summarize the progress made in the past several years on the use of luminescent QDs to probe biological processes at the single molecule level. We start by providing a quick overview of the basic properties of semiconductor nanocrystals, including synthetic routes, surface-functionalization strategies, along with the main attributes of QDs that are of direct relevance to single molecule studies based on fluorescence detection. We then detail some valuable insights into specific biological processes gained using single QDs. These include progress made in probing biomolecular interactions, tracking of protein receptors both in vitro and in live cells, and single particle resonance energy transfer. We will also discuss the advantages offered and limitations encountered by single QD fluorescence as an investigative tool in biology. C1 [Pons, Thomas] ESPCI, CNRS, Lab Photons & Matiere, UPR5, F-75005 Paris, France. [Mattoussi, Hedi] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mattoussi, H (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM hedi.mattoussi@nrl.navy.mil RI Pons, Thomas/A-8667-2008 OI Pons, Thomas/0000-0001-8800-4302 FU Office of Naval Research, Army Research Office; DTRA FX We acknowledge NRL, the Office of Naval Research, Army Research Office and DTRA for financial support. We also thank Dorothy Farrell at NRL for the assistance with TEM image shown in Fig. 1, and Xavier Michalet at UCLA from the fruitful discussions. NR 115 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 4 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-6964 J9 ANN BIOMED ENG JI Ann. Biomed. Eng. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 37 IS 10 BP 1934 EP 1959 DI 10.1007/s10439-009-9715-0 PG 26 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 495HT UT WOS:000269882400003 PM 19521775 ER PT J AU Mullin, D Jothi, S Healy, D AF Mullin, David Jothi, Sumana Healy, David TI Mycobacterium chelonae Infections Involving the Head and Neck SO ANNALS OF OTOLOGY RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article DE atypical mycobacterium; Mycobacterium chelonae; osteomyelitis ID SKULL BASE OSTEOMYELITIS; SOFT-TISSUE; MASTOIDITIS; ABSCESSUS; THERAPY; BONE AB Objectives: We describe the manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of rare head and neck infections caused by Mycobacterium chelonae, including a case of maxillary osteitis and skull base osteomyelitis. Methods: A comprehensive literature search (MEDLINE from 195 1; BIOSIS from 1969; EMBASE from 1980) was performed formed for the presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and outcomes of patients with M chelonae infections. Results: We report 4 cases of M chelonae infection, including a nasal abscess following septorhinoplasty with a cartilaginous graft, a case of chronic unilateral nasal obstruction, and the first reported cases of skull base osteomyelitis and maxillary osteitis secondary to M chelonae. All 4 cases involved immunocompetent individuals. Conclusions: Mycobacterium chelonae should be considered in cases of abscesses that persist despite broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics, and in cases of maxillary sinusitis with bony involvement that do not respond to traditional treatment methods. C1 [Mullin, David; Healy, David] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Jothi, Sumana] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Otolaryngol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Mullin, D (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, 34520 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ANNALS PUBL CO PI ST LOUIS PA 4507 LACLEDE AVE, ST LOUIS, MO 63108 USA SN 0003-4894 J9 ANN OTO RHINOL LARYN JI Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 118 IS 10 BP 714 EP 720 PG 7 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 509UZ UT WOS:000271045500006 PM 19894399 ER PT J AU Tian, H Curdt, W Teriaca, L Landi, E Marsch, E AF Tian, H. Curdt, W. Teriaca, L. Landi, E. Marsch, E. TI Solar transition region above sunspots SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Sun: UV radiation; Sun: transition region; sunspots; line: profiles ID CORONAL-DIAGNOSTIC-SPECTROMETER; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTRUM; UNRESOLVED FINE-STRUCTURES; QUIET-SUN; EMISSION-LINES; ATOMIC DATABASE; MAGNETIC-FIELD; LY-ALPHA; TEMPERATURE REGION; SUMER OBSERVATIONS AB Aims. We study the transition region (TR) properties above sunspots and the surrounding plage regions, by analyzing several sunspot reference spectra obtained by the SUMER ( Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation) instrument in March 1999 and November 2006. Methods. We compare the SUMER spectra observed in the umbra, penumbra, plage, and sunspot plume regions. The hydrogen Lyman line profiles averaged in each of the four regions are presented. For the sunspot observed in 2006, the electron densities, differential emission measure (DEM), and filling factors of the TR plasma in the four regions are also investigated. Results. The self-reversals of the hydrogen Lyman line profiles are almost absent in sunspots at different locations (at heliocentric angles of up to 49 degrees) on the solar disk. In the sunspot plume, the Lyman lines are also not reversed, whilst the lower Lyman line profiles observed in the plage region are obviously reversed, a phenomenon found also in the normal quiet Sun. The TR densities of the umbra and plume are similar and one order of magnitude lower than those of the plage and penumbra. The DEM curve of the sunspot plume exhibits a peak centered at log(T/K) similar to 5.45, which exceeds the DEM of other regions by one to two orders of magnitude at these temperatures. We also find that more than 100 lines, which are very weak or not observed anywhere else on the Sun, are well observed by SUMER in the sunspot, especially in the sunspot plume. Conclusions. We suggest that the TR above sunspots is higher and probably more extended, and that the opacity of the hydrogen lines is much lower above sunspots, compared to the TR above plage regions. Our result indicates that the enhanced TR emission of the sunspot plume is probably caused by a large filling factor. The strongly enhanced emission at TR temperatures and the reduced continuum ensure that many normally weak TR lines are clearly distinctive in the spectra of sunspot plumes. C1 [Tian, H.; Curdt, W.; Teriaca, L.; Marsch, E.] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. [Tian, H.] Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Landi, E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Tian, H (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, Max Planck Str 2, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. EM tianhui924@gmail.com RI Landi, Enrico/H-4493-2011 FU DLR; CNES; NASA; ESA PRODEX Programme (Swiss contribution); IMPRS; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [40874090]; NASA [NNG06EA14I, NNH06CD24C] FX The SUMER project is financially supported by DLR, CNES, NASA, and the ESA PRODEX Programme (Swiss contribution). SUMER is an instrument onboard SOHO, a mission operated by ESA and NASA. We thank Dr. D. E. Innes and Dr. H. Peter for the helpful comments. Hui Tian is supported by the IMPRS graduate school run jointly by the Max Planck Society and the Universities of Gottingen and Braunschweig. The work of Hui Tian's group at PKU is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under contract 40874090. Enrico Landi acknowledges support from the NNG06EA14I, NNH06CD24C NASA grants. NR 84 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 505 IS 1 BP 307 EP U358 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200912114 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 502DU UT WOS:000270436000029 ER PT J AU Andrei, AH Souchay, J Zacharias, N Smart, RL Martins, RV Neto, DND Camargo, JIB Assafin, M Barache, C Bouquillon, S Penna, JL Taris, F AF Andrei, A. H. Souchay, J. Zacharias, N. Smart, R. L. Martins, R. Vieira da Silva Neto, D. N. Camargo, J. I. B. Assafin, M. Barache, C. Bouquillon, S. Penna, J. L. Taris, F. TI The large quasar reference frame (LQRF) An optical representation of the ICRS SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE catalogs; reference systems; quasars: general; methods: data analysis; astrometry ID CELESTIAL REFERENCE FRAME; CCD ASTROGRAPH CATALOG; GUIDE STAR CATALOG; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; POSITIONS AB Context. The large number and all-sky distribution of quasars from different surveys, along with their presence in large, deep astrometric catalogs, enables us to build of an optical materialization of the International Celestial Reference System (ICRS) following its defining principles. Namely: that it is kinematically non-rotating with respect to the ensemble of distant extragalactic objects; aligned with the mean equator and dynamical equinox of J2000; and realized by a list of adopted coordinates of extragalatic sources. Aims. The Large Quasar Reference Frame (LQRF) was built with the care of avoiding incorrect matches of its constituents quasars, homogenizing the astrometry from the different catalogs and lists in which the constituent quasars are gathered, and attaining a milli-arcsec global alignment with the International Celestial Reference Frame ( ICRF), as well as typical individual source position accuracies higher than 100 milli-arcsec(star). Methods. Starting from the updated and presumably complete Large Quasar Astrometric Catalog (LQAC) list of QSOs, the initial optical positions of those quasars are found in the USNO B1.0 and GSC2.3 catalogs, and from the SDSS Data Release 5. The initial positions are next placed onto UCAC2-based reference frames, This is followed by an alignment with the ICRF, to which were added the most precise sources from the VLBA calibrator list and the VLA calibrator list - when reliable optical counterparts exist. Finally, the LQRF axes are inspected through spherical harmonics, to define right ascension, declination and magnitude terms. Results. The LQRF contains 100,165 quasars, well represented accross the sky, from -83.5 to +88.5 degrees in declination, being 10 arcmin the average distance between adjacent elements. The global alignment with the ICRF is 1.5 mas, and the individual position accuracies are represented by a Poisson distribution that peaks at 139 mas in right ascension and 130 mas in declination. As a by-product, significant equatorial corrections are found for all the catalogs used ( apart from the SDSS DR5), an empirical magnitude correction can be discussed for the GSC2.3 intermediate and faint regimes, both the 2MASS and the preliminary northernmost UCAC2 positions are shown of astrometry consistent with the UCAC2 main catalog, and the harmonic terms are found to be always small. Conclusions. The LQRF contains J2000 referred equatorial coordinates, and is complemented by redshift and photometry information from the LQAC. It is designed to be an astrometric frame, but it is also the basis for the GAIA mission initial quasars' list, and can be used as a test bench for quasars' space distribution and luminosity function studies. The LQRF is meant to be updated when new quasar identifications and newer versions of the astrometric frames used are realized. In the later case, it can itself be used to examine the relations between those frames. C1 [Andrei, A. H.; Martins, R. Vieira; Penna, J. L.] Observ Nacl MCT, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Andrei, A. H.; Martins, R. Vieira; da Silva Neto, D. N.; Camargo, J. I. B.; Assafin, M.] Observ Valongo UFRJ, BR-20080090 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Andrei, A. H.; Souchay, J.; Barache, C.; Bouquillon, S.; Taris, F.] Observ Paris SYRTE, F-75014 Paris, France. [Zacharias, N.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. [Smart, R. L.] Osserv Astron Torino, INAF, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. RP Andrei, AH (reprint author), Observ Nacl MCT, R Gal Jose Cristino 77, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. EM oat1@on.br RI Assafin, Marcelo/C-3188-2013; Bueno de Camargo, Julio Ignacio/C-3145-2013; OI Bueno de Camargo, Julio Ignacio/0000-0002-1642-4065; Smart, Richard/0000-0002-4424-4766 FU CNPq [PQ-307126/2006-0, 151392/2005-6/CNPq, 306028/2005-0, 478318/2007-3]; [E-26/100.229/2008/FAPERJ]; [E-26/170.686/2004/FAPERJ] FX This worrk would have not existed without the effort and fundibg involved in the projects of the USNO B1.0 (US Naval Observatory), the GSC2.3 (Space Telescope Institute and Osservatorio di Torino/IBAF), the Sloan Digitized Sky Survey (Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions), the ICRF ( International Earth Rotation Service), the VLBA Calibrator Survey programs (Goddard Space Flight Center NASA), VLA ( National Radio Astronomy Observatory), the UCAC project ( US Naval Observatory), and the 2MASS-The Two Micron All Sky Survey ( NASA - NSF). The authors acknowledge their use. A. H. A. thanks CNPq grant PQ-307126/2006-0 and the Royal Society International Joint Projects support for a visit to the University of Hertfordshire (Dr. H. Jones). J. I. B. C. acknowledges grant 151392/2005-6/CNPq and grant E-26/100.229/2008/FAPERJ. M. A. acknowledges grant E-26/170.686/2004/FAPERJ and grants 306028/2005-0 and 478318/2007-3 (CNPq). NR 32 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 505 IS 1 BP 385 EP 404 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200912041 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 502DU UT WOS:000270436000036 ER PT J AU Marcaide, JM Marti-Vidal, I Alberdi, A Perez-Torres, MA Ros, E Diamond, PJ Guirado, JC Lara, L Shapiro, II Stockdale, CJ Weiler, KW Mantovani, F Preston, RA Schilizzi, RT Sramek, RA Trigilio, C Van Dyk, SD Whitney, AR AF Marcaide, J. M. Marti-Vidal, I. Alberdi, A. Perez-Torres, M. A. Ros, E. Diamond, P. J. Guirado, J. C. Lara, L. Shapiro, I. I. Stockdale, C. J. Weiler, K. W. Mantovani, F. Preston, R. A. Schilizzi, R. T. Sramek, R. A. Trigilio, C. Van Dyk, S. D. Whitney, A. R. TI A decade of SN 1993J: discovery of radio wavelength effects in the expansion rate SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: individual: M 81; radio continuum: stars; supernovae: general; supernovae: individual: SN 1993J; techniques: interferometric ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; IIB SUPERNOVA 1993J; CIRCUMSTELLAR INTERACTION; OPTICAL-SPECTRA; SN-1993J VLBI; NEBULAR PHASE; LIGHT CURVES; MASS-LOSS; X-RAYS; M81 AB We studied the growth of the shell-like radio structure of supernova SN1993J in M 81 from September 1993 to October 2003 with very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations at the wavelengths of 3.6, 6, and 18 cm. We developed a method to accurately determine the outer radius (R) of any circularly symmetric compact radio structure such as SN1993J. The source structure of SN 1993J remains circularly symmetric (with deviations from circularity under 2%) over almost 4000 days. We characterize the decelerated expansion of SN 1993J until approximately day 1500 after explosion with an expansion parameter m = 0.845 +/- 0.005 (R proportional to t(m)). However, from that day onwards the expansion differs when observed at 6 and 18 cm. Indeed, at 18 cm, the expansion can be well characterized by the same m as before day 1500, while at 6 cm the expansion appears more decelerated, and is characterized by another expansion parameter, m(6) = 0.788 +/- 0.015. Therefore, since about day 1500 onwards, the radio source size has been progressively smaller at 6 cm than at 18 cm. These findings differ significantly from those of other authors in the details of the expansion. In our interpretation, the supernova expands with a single expansion parameter, m = 0.845 +/- 0.005, and the 6 cm results beyond day 1500 are caused by physical effects, perhaps also coupled to instrumental limitations. Two physical effects may be involved: (a) a changing opacity of the ejecta to the 6 cm radiation; and (b) a radial decrease of the magnetic field in the emitting region. We also found that at 6 cm about 80% of the radio emission from the backside of the shell behind the ejecta is absorbed (our average estimate, since we cannot determine any possible evolution of the opacity), and the width of the radio shell is (31 +/- 2)% of the outer radius. The shell width at 18 cm depends on the degree of assumed absorption. For 80% absorption, the width is (33.5 +/- 1.7)%, and for 100% absorption, it is (37.8 +/- 1.3)%. A comparison of our VLBI results with optical spectral line velocities shows that the deceleration is more pronounced in the radio than in the optical. This difference might be due to a progressive penetration of ejecta instabilities into the shocked circumstellar medium, as also suggested by other authors. C1 [Marcaide, J. M.; Marti-Vidal, I.; Perez-Torres, M. A.; Ros, E.; Guirado, J. C.] Univ Valencia, Dept Astron, Valencia, Spain. [Marti-Vidal, I.; Ros, E.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. [Alberdi, A.; Perez-Torres, M. A.] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Granada, Spain. [Diamond, P. J.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observ, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Lara, L.] Univ Granada, Granada, Spain. [Shapiro, I. I.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Stockdale, C. J.] Marquette Univ, Milwaukee, WI 53233 USA. [Weiler, K. W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mantovani, F.] INAF, Ist Radioastron, Bologna, Italy. [Preston, R. A.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Schilizzi, R. T.] Int SKA Project Off, Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Sramek, R. A.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Trigilio, C.] INAF, Ist Radioastron, Noto, Italy. [Van Dyk, S. D.] Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA USA. [Whitney, A. R.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. RP Marcaide, JM (reprint author), Univ Valencia, Dept Astron, Valencia, Spain. EM J.M.Marcaide@uv.es RI Marti-Vidal, Ivan/A-8799-2017; OI Marti-Vidal, Ivan/0000-0003-3708-9611; Ros, Eduardo/0000-0001-9503-4892; Van Dyk, Schuyler/0000-0001-9038-9950 NR 79 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 505 IS 3 BP 927 EP 945 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200912133 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 508DF UT WOS:000270907100001 ER PT J AU van Weeren, RJ Rottgering, HJA Bruggen, M Cohen, A AF van Weeren, R. J. Rottgering, H. J. A. Brueggen, M. Cohen, A. TI Diffuse radio emission in the merging cluster MACS J0717.5+3745: the discovery of the most powerful radio halo SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE radio continuum: galaxies; galaxies: clusters: individual: MACS J0717.5+3745; cosmology: large-scale structure of Universe ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; X-RAY-EMISSION; GALAXY CLUSTERS; SHOCK-WAVES; SKY SURVEY; NONTHERMAL EMISSION; COMA CLUSTER; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; COMPLETE SAMPLE; COSMIC-RAYS AB Context. Hierarchical models of structure formation predict that galaxy clusters grow via mergers of smaller clusters and galaxy groups, as well as through continuous accretion of gas. MACS J0717.5+3745 is an X-ray luminous and complex merging cluster, located at a redshift of 0.5548. The cluster is suspected to host a bright radio relic, but up until now no detailed radio observations have been reported. Here we present Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) radio observations at 610 MHz of this cluster. Aims. The main aim of the observations is to study the diffuse radio emission within the galaxy cluster MACS J0717.5+3745 related to the ongoing merger. Methods. We have carried out GMRT 610 MHz continuum observations of MACS J0717.5+3745. These are complemented by Very Large Array (VLA) archival observations at 1.4, 4.9 and 8.5 GHz. Results. We have discovered a radio halo in the cluster MACS J0717.5+3745 with a size of about 1.2 Mpc. The monochromatic radio power at 1400 MHz (P(1.4)) is 5 x 10(25) W Hz(-1), which makes it the most powerful radio halo known to date. A 700 kpc radio structure, which we classify as a radio relic, is located in between the merging substructures of the system. The global spectral index of radio emission within the cluster is found to be -1.24 +/- 0.05 between 4.9 GHz and 610 MHz. We derive a value of 5.8 mu G for the equipartition magnetic field strength at the location of the radio halo. The location of the relic roughly coincides with regions of the intra-cluster medium (ICM) that have a significant enhancement in temperature as shown by Chandra. The major axis of the relic is also roughly perpendicular to the merger axis. This shows that the relic might be the result of a merger-related shock wave, where particles are accelerated via the diffuse shock acceleration (DSA) mechanism. Alternatively, the relic might trace an accretion shock of a large-scale galaxy filament to the south-east. C1 [van Weeren, R. J.; Rottgering, H. J. A.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Brueggen, M.] Jacobs Univ Bremen, D-28725 Bremen, Germany. [Cohen, A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP van Weeren, RJ (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM rvweeren@strw.leidenuniv.nl OI van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660 FU Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences FX We would like to thank the anonymous referee for useful comments. We thank the staff of the GMRT who have made these observations possible. GMRT is run by the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. We would like to thank H. Ebeling for providing the Chandra X-ray image and temperature map. RJvW acknowledges funding from the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. NR 58 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 505 IS 3 BP 991 EP 997 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200912528 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 508DF UT WOS:000270907100006 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Ampe, J Anderson, B Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Bagagli, R Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bartelt, J Bastieri, D Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bederede, D Bellardi, F Bellazzini, R Belli, F Berenji, B Bisello, D Bissaldi, E Bloom, ED Bogaert, G Bogart, JR Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bourgeois, P Bouvier, A Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Busetto, G Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Campell, M Caraveo, PA Carius, S Carlson, P Casandjian, JM Cavazzuti, E Ceccanti, M Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Chipaux, R Cillis, AN Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Condamoor, S Conrad, J Corbet, R Cutini, S Davis, DS DeKlotz, M Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Dizon, P Dormody, M Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Edmonds, Y Fabiani, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Ferrara, EC Ferreira, O Fewtrell, Z Flath, DL Fleury, P Focke, WB Fouts, K Frailis, M Freytag, D Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Garganov, F Gasparrini, D Gehrelscao, N Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Goodman, J Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hakimi, M Haller, G Hanabata, Y Hart, PA Hascall, P Hays, E Huffer, M Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kavelaars, A Kelly, H Kerr, M Klamra, W Knodlseder, J Kocian, ML Kuehn, F Kuss, M Latronico, L Lavalley, C Leas, B Lee, B Lee, SH Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Lung, DK Madejski, GM Makeev, A Marangelli, B Marchetti, M Massai, MM May, D Mazzenga, G Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE McGlynn, S Meurer, C Michelson, PF Minuti, M Mirizzi, N Mitra, P Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Mongelli, M Monte, C Monzani, ME Moretti, E Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nelson, D Nilsson, L Nishino, S Nolan, PL Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paccagnella, A Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Picozza, P Pinchera, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Rapposelli, E Raynor, W Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Reyes, LC Ritz, S Robinson, S Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Romani, RW Roth, M Ryde, F Sacchetti, A Sadrozinski, HFW Saggini, N Sanchez, D Sander, A Sapozhnikov, L Saxton, OH Parkinson, PMS Sellerholm, A Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Starck, JL Stephens, TE Strickman, MS Strong, AW Sugizaki, M Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Tenze, A Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tibolla, O Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Turri, M Usher, TL Vilchez, N Virmani, N Vitale, V Wai, LL Waite, AP Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, DL Wood, KS Yasuda, H Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Ampe, J. Anderson, B. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Bagagli, R. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bartelt, J. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bederede, D. Bellardi, F. Bellazzini, R. Belli, F. Berenji, B. Bisello, D. Bissaldi, E. Bloom, E. D. Bogaert, G. Bogart, J. R. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bourgeois, P. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Busetto, G. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Campell, M. Caraveo, P. A. Carius, S. Carlson, P. Casandjian, J. M. Cavazzuti, E. Ceccanti, M. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Chipaux, R. Cillis, A. N. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Condamoor, S. Conrad, J. Corbet, R. Cutini, S. Davis, D. S. DeKlotz, M. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. Dizon, P. Dormody, M. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Edmonds, Y. Fabiani, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Ferrara, E. C. Ferreira, O. Fewtrell, Z. Flath, D. L. Fleury, P. Focke, W. B. Fouts, K. Frailis, M. Freytag, D. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Garganov, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrelscao, N. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Goodman, J. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hakimi, M. Haller, G. Hanabata, Y. Hart, P. A. Hascall, P. Hays, E. Huffer, M. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kavelaars, A. Kelly, H. Kerr, M. Klamra, W. Knoedlseder, J. Kocian, M. L. Kuehn, F. Kuss, M. Latronico, L. Lavalley, C. Leas, B. Lee, B. Lee, S. -H. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Lung, D. K. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Marangelli, B. Marchetti, M. Massai, M. M. May, D. Mazzenga, G. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. McGlynn, S. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Minuti, M. Mirizzi, N. Mitra, P. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Mongelli, M. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nelson, D. Nilsson, L. Nishino, S. Nolan, P. L. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paccagnella, A. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Picozza, P. Pinchera, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Rapposelli, E. Raynor, W. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Reyes, L. C. Ritz, S. Robinson, S. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Romani, R. W. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sacchetti, A. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Saggini, N. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Sapozhnikov, L. Saxton, O. H. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sellerholm, A. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Starck, J. -L. Stephens, T. E. Strickman, M. S. Strong, A. W. Sugizaki, M. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Tenze, A. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, O. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Turri, M. Usher, T. L. Vilchez, N. Virmani, N. Vitale, V. Wai, L. L. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, D. L. Wood, K. S. Yasuda, H. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI The on-orbit calibration of the Fermi Large Area Telescope SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE GLAST; Fermi; FGST; LAT; Telescope; Gamma-ray; Calibrations ID RAY-SPACE-TELESCOPE; BEAM TEST; TRACKER; PULSAR; CALORIMETER; DETECTOR; READOUT; DESIGN; MODEL AB The Large Area Telescope (LAT) on-board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope began its on-orbit operations on June 23, 2008. Calibrations, defined in a generic sense, correspond to synchronization of trigger signals, optimization of delays for latching data, determination of detector thresholds, gains and responses, evaluation of the perimeter of the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA), measurements of live time, of absolute time, and internal and spacecraft boresight alignments. Here we describe on-orbit calibration results obtained using known astrophysical sources, galactic cosmic rays, and charge injection into the front-end electronics of each detector. Instrument response functions will be described in a separate publication. This paper demonstrates the stability of calibrations and describes minor changes observed since launch. These results have been used to calibrate the LAT datasets to be publicly released in August 2009. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bartelt, J.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Bogart, J. R.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Campell, M.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Condamoor, S.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Edmonds, Y.; Flath, D. L.; Focke, W. B.; Fouts, K.; Freytag, D.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Goodman, J.; Hakimi, M.; Haller, G.; Hart, P. A.; Huffer, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kavelaars, A.; Kelly, H.; Kocian, M. L.; Lee, S. -H.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitra, P.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nelson, D.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Sapozhnikov, L.; Saxton, O. H.; Sugizaki, M.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Turri, M.; Usher, T. L.; Wai, L. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bartelt, J.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Bogart, J. R.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Campell, M.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Condamoor, S.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Edmonds, Y.; Flath, D. L.; Focke, W. B.; Fouts, K.; Freytag, D.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Goodman, J.; Hakimi, M.; Haller, G.; Hart, P. A.; Huffer, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kavelaars, A.; Kelly, H.; Kocian, M. L.; Lee, S. -H.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitra, P.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nelson, D.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Sapozhnikov, L.; Saxton, O. H.; Sugizaki, M.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Turri, M.; Usher, T. L.; Wai, L. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Abdo, A. A.; Ampe, J.; Chekhtman, A.; Dermer, C. D.; Fewtrell, Z.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Leas, B.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; May, D.; Raynor, W.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, D. L.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Anderson, B.; Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. 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A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Marangelli, B.; Mirizzi, N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Garganov, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Marangelli, B.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Mirizzi, N.; Mongelli, M.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Sacchetti, A.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.; Robinson, S.; Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Carius, S.; Nilsson, L.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. [Carlson, P.; Conrad, J.; Klamra, W.; McGlynn, S.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Cavazzuti, E.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. 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[Kataoka, J.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Moiseev, A. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Nilsson, L.] Matfakta Kalmar AB, S-30477 Kalmar, Sweden. [Ohno, M.; Ozaki, M.; Takahashi, T.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paccagnella, A.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Ingn Informaz, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reyes, L. C.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Robinson, S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Stephens, T. E.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Stephens, T. E.] USRA, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tibolla, O.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Wai, L. L.] Yahoo Inc, Sunnyvale, CA 94089 USA. RP Silva, EDE (reprint author), Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM eduardo@slac.stanford.edu RI Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Starck, Jean-Luc/D-9467-2011; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Chipaux, Remi/G-1145-2010; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013 OI Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Moretti, Elena/0000-0001-5477-9097; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Picozza, Piergiorgio/0000-0002-7986-3321; Stephens, Thomas/0000-0003-3065-6871; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Starck, Jean-Luc/0000-0003-2177-7794; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; FU Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy FX Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy. NR 30 TC 88 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 EI 1873-2852 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD OCT-NOV PY 2009 VL 32 IS 3-4 BP 193 EP 219 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.08.002 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 526GT UT WOS:000272276400005 ER PT J AU Drake, JJ Ratzlaff, PW Laming, JM Raymond, J AF Drake, Jeremy J. Ratzlaff, Peter W. Laming, J. Martin Raymond, John TI AN ABSENCE OF X-RAY ACCRETION SHOCK INSTABILITY SIGNATURES IN TW HYDRAE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; stars: formation; stars: individual (TW hydrae); X-rays: stars ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; TAURI-STARS; MAGNETOSPHERIC ACCRETION; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; EMISSION-LINES; PHOTOMETRIC VARIABILITY; ROTATION PERIODS; RADIATIVE SHOCKS; ATOMIC DATABASE; DISK ACCRETION AB Gas accreting onto T Tauri stars should form shocks that are susceptible to the classical radiative shock instability. The instability should give rise to strong periodic modulation in the X-ray emission from the shock-heated plasma. Time series analysis of soft X-rays thought to arise predominantly in an accretion shock on the classical T Tauri star TW Hydrae reveals no periodic variations and a 99% confidence pulsed fraction limit of 5% over the frequency range 0.0001-6.81 Hz. We find no clear explanation for the absence of X-ray instability signatures, but suggest that existing one-dimensional models are too simple to explain the three-dimensional shock structure, or that preheating and deceleration of the accretion stream by the damping of magnetohydrodynamic waves excited either by the shock itself, or more deeply in the stellar envelope, could ameliorate the instability in the likely case of a sub-Alfvenic shock. C1 [Drake, Jeremy J.; Ratzlaff, Peter W.; Raymond, John] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Laming, J. Martin] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Drake, JJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, MS 3,60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM jdrake@cfa.harvard.edu FU NASA [NAS8-39073]; CXC FX J.D. and P. R. were supported by NASA contract NAS8-39073 to the Chandra X-ray Center during the course of this research and thank the director, H. Tananbaum, and the CXC science staff for advice and support. NR 70 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 1 PY 2009 VL 703 IS 2 BP 1224 EP 1229 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/703/2/1224 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 495XS UT WOS:000269929500005 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Carlson, P Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Celik, O Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Cutini, S Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Focke, WB Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kocian, ML Kuehn, F Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Makeev, A Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pohl, M Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Schalk, TL Sellerholm, A Sgro, C Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Starck, JL Stecker, FW Strickman, MS Strong, AW Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Carlson, P. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Focke, W. B. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocian, M. L. Kuehn, F. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pohl, M. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Schalk, T. L. Sellerholm, A. Sgro, C. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Starck, J. -L. Stecker, F. W. Strickman, M. S. Strong, A. W. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI FERMI LAT OBSERVATION OF DIFFUSE GAMMA RAYS PRODUCED THROUGH INTERACTIONS BETWEEN LOCAL INTERSTELLAR MATTER AND HIGH-ENERGY COSMIC RAYS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic rays; diffuse radiation; gamma rays: observations ID NEAR-EARTH ORBIT; EGRET OBSERVATIONS; GALACTIC PLANE; BESS SPECTROMETER; AREA TELESCOPE; HELIUM SPECTRA; CO SURVEY; EMISSION; GALAXY; RADIATION AB Observations by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on the Fermi mission of diffuse gamma-rays in a mid-latitude region in the third quadrant (Galactic longitude l from 200 degrees to 260 degrees and latitude vertical bar b vertical bar from 22 degrees to 60 degrees) are reported. The region contains no known large molecular cloud and most of the atomic hydrogen is within 1 kpc of the solar system. The contributions of gamma-ray point sources and inverse Compton scattering are estimated and subtracted. The residual gamma-ray intensity exhibits a linear correlation with the atomic gas column density in energy from 100 MeV to 10 GeV. The measured integrated gamma-ray emissivity is (1.63 +/- 0.05) x 10(-26) photons s(-1)sr(-1) H-atom(-1) and (0.66 +/- 0.02) x 10(-26) photons s(-1)sr(-1) H-atom(-1) above 100 MeV and above 300 MeV, respectively, with an additional systematic error of similar to 10%. The differential emissivity from 100 MeV to 10 GeV agrees with calculations based on cosmic ray spectra consistent with those directly measured, at the 10% level. The results obtained indicate that cosmic ray nuclei spectra within 1 kpc from the solar system in regions studied are close to the local interstellar spectra inferred from direct measurements at the Earth within similar to 10%. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Mizuno, T.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Abdo, A. A.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Carlson, P.; Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Sellerholm, A.; Ylinen, T.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmo Particle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Starck, J. -L.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, Lab AIM, CEA IRFU,Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Kuehn, F.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Giebels, B.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Carlson, P.; Conrad, J.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol, KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Guiriec, S.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, IN2P3, CNRS, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.; Sellerholm, A.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] CNRS, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, IN2P3, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Kawai, N.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Cosm Radiat Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] CNRS, UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Moiseev, A. A.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Okumura, A.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Grad Sch Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Orlando, E.; Strong, A. W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ozaki, M.; Takahashi, T.; Uchiyama, Y.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Pohl, M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mizuno@hep01.hepl.hiroshima-u.ac.jp RI Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Starck, Jean-Luc/D-9467-2011; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Stecker, Floyd/D-3169-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013 OI Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785; Starck, Jean-Luc/0000-0003-2177-7794; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase from the following agencies is also gratefully acknowledged: the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation in Sweden. NR 48 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 1 PY 2009 VL 703 IS 2 BP 1249 EP 1256 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/703/2/1249 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 495XS UT WOS:000269929500007 ER PT J AU Martinson, E Schultz, A AF Martinson, Eric Schultz, Alan TI Discovery of sound sources by an autonomous mobile robot SO AUTONOMOUS ROBOTS LA English DT Article DE Mobile robot; Sound source localization; Audition; Microphone array AB In this work, we describe an autonomous mobile robotic system for finding, investigating, and modeling ambient noise sources in the environment. The system has been fully implemented in two different environments, using two different robotic platforms and a variety of sound source types. Making use of a two-step approach to autonomous exploration of the auditory scene, the robot first quickly moves through the environment to find and roughly localize unknown sound sources using the auditory evidence grid algorithm. Then, using the knowledge gained from the initial exploration, the robot investigates each source in more depth, improving upon the initial localization accuracy, identifying volume and directivity, and, finally, building a classification vector useful for detecting the sound source in the future. C1 [Martinson, Eric; Schultz, Alan] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Martinson, E (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ebeowulf@acm.org NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-5593 EI 1573-7527 J9 AUTON ROBOT JI Auton. Robot. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 27 IS 3 BP 221 EP 237 DI 10.1007/s10514-009-9123-1 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics SC Computer Science; Robotics GA 504UO UT WOS:000270643400006 ER PT J AU Terray, A Taylor, JD Hart, SJ AF Terray, Alex Taylor, Joseph D. Hart, Sean J. TI Cascade optical chromatography for sample fractionation SO BIOMICROFLUIDICS LA English DT Article DE biological techniques; bio-optics; chromatography; colloids; microfluidics ID MANIPULATION; PARTICLES; LATTICE; ARRAYS; TRAP AB Optical chromatography involves the elegant combination of opposing optical and fluid drag forces on colloidal samples within microfluidic environments to both measure analytical differences and fractionate injected samples. Particles that encounter the focused laser beam are trapped axially along the beam and are pushed upstream from the laser focal point to rest at a point where the optical and fluid forces on the particle balance. In our recent devices particles are pushed into a region of lower microfluidic flow, where they can be retained and fractionated. Because optical and fluid forces on a particle are sensitive to differences in the physical and chemical properties of a sample, separations are possible. An optical chromatography beam focused to completely fill a fluid channel is operated as an optically tunable filter for the separation of inorganic, polymeric, and biological particle samples. We demonstrate this technique coupled with an advanced microfluidic platform and show how it can be used as an effective method to fractionate particles from an injected multicomponent sample. Our advanced three-stage microfluidic design accommodates three lasers simultaneously to effectively create a sequential cascade optical chromatographic separation system. C1 [Terray, Alex; Taylor, Joseph D.; Hart, Sean J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Terray, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6112,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM sean.hart@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA); American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Office of Naval Research, the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA), and The American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) for funding this research. We would also like to acknowledge Dr. Lisa A. Fitzgerald (NRC Postdoctoral Fellow at the Naval Research Laboratory) for supplying the E. coli samples. NR 20 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1932-1058 J9 BIOMICROFLUIDICS JI Biomicrofluidics PD OCT-DEC PY 2009 VL 3 IS 4 AR 044106 DI 10.1063/1.3262415 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biophysics; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 538XK UT WOS:000273217500006 PM 20216968 ER PT J AU Chu, PC Li, RF AF Chu, Peter C. Li, Rongfeng TI CHINESE OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH Trends in Topical and Geographic Focus SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Chu, Peter C.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Li, Rongfeng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, LASG, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Chu, PC (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM pcchu@nps.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 90 IS 10 BP 1442 EP 1450 DI 10.1175/2009BAMS2633.1 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 517XY UT WOS:000271653500002 ER PT J AU Pandya, RE Smith, DR Charlevoix, DJ Foster, SQ Hart, R Hayes, MJ McGguirk, M Murillo, ST Murphy, KA Stanitski, DM Whittaker, TM AF Pandya, Rajul E. Smith, David R. Charlevoix, Donna J. Foster, Susan Q. Hart, Robert Hayes, Marianne J. McGguirk, Marjirie Murillo, Shirley T. Murphy, Kathleen A. Stanitski, Diane M. Whittaker, Thomas M. TI A SUMMARY OF THE 17TH AMS EDUCATION SYMPOSIUM SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Pandya, Rajul E.; Foster, Susan Q.] Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO USA. [Smith, David R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Charlevoix, Donna J.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hart, Robert] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Hayes, Marianne J.] Fairfax Cty Publ Sch, Springfield, VA USA. [McGguirk, Marjirie] NOAA NESDIS NCDC, Asheville, NC USA. [Murillo, Shirley T.] NOAA AOML HRD, Miami, FL USA. [Stanitski, Diane M.] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Whittaker, Thomas M.] Univ Wisconsin, SSEC, CIMSS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Pandya, RE (reprint author), UCAR SOARS Program, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM pandya@ucar.edu RI Murillo, Shirley/C-3259-2014 OI Murillo, Shirley/0000-0002-2075-8682 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 90 IS 10 BP 1545 EP 1548 DI 10.1175/2009BAMS2862.1 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 517XY UT WOS:000271653500009 ER PT J AU Durkin, M Estok, L Hospenthal, D Crum-Cianflone, N Swartzentruber, S Hackett, E Wheat, LJ AF Durkin, Michelle Estok, Lois Hospenthal, Duane Crum-Cianflone, Nancy Swartzentruber, Samantha Hackett, Emily Wheat, L. Joseph TI Detection of Coccidioides Antigenemia following Dissociation of Immune Complexes SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; DIAGNOSIS; TESTS AB Having reported that pretreatment of serum samples with EDTA at 100 C improved the sensitivity for the detection of Histoplasma antigenemia, we have evaluated this method for the detection of Coccidioides antigenemia. Urine and serum samples from patients with coccidioidomycosis were tested using the MVista Coccidioides enzyme immunoassay, and serum samples with and without EDTA-heat treatment were tested. Antigenemia was detected in 28.6% of patients whose samples were not EDTA-heat treated and in 73.1% of those whose samples were treated. Antigenuria was detected in 50% of patients. Specificity of 100% was obtained in healthy subjects, but cross-reactions were seen in 22.2% of patients with histoplasmosis or blastomycosis. EDTA-heat treatment improves the sensitivity for the detection of Coccidioides antigenemia. C1 [Durkin, Michelle; Swartzentruber, Samantha; Hackett, Emily; Wheat, L. Joseph] MiraVista Diagnost, Indianapolis, IN 46241 USA. [Durkin, Michelle; Swartzentruber, Samantha; Hackett, Emily; Wheat, L. Joseph] MiraBella Technol, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Estok, Lois] El Rio Special Immunol Associates, Tucson, AZ USA. [Hospenthal, Duane] Brook Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Wheat, LJ (reprint author), MiraVista Diagnost, 4444 Decatur Blvd,Suite 300, Indianapolis, IN 46241 USA. EM jwheat@miravistalabs.com NR 9 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 16 IS 10 BP 1453 EP 1456 DI 10.1128/CVI.00227-09 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 501IQ UT WOS:000270375500011 PM 19675225 ER PT J AU Kim, A Francis, J Manos, GH AF Kim, Aileen Francis, Jeremy Manos, Gail H. TI A Case of MELAS Presenting as Anorexia Nervosa SO CNS SPECTRUMS LA English DT Letter ID STROKE-LIKE EPISODES; LACTIC-ACIDOSIS; MITOCHONDRIAL ENCEPHALOMYOPATHY; MYOPATHY; DISEASE C1 [Manos, Gail H.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Kim, Aileen] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Manos, GH (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM ghmanos@mar.med.navy.mil NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU M B L COMMUNICATIONS, INC PI NEW YORK PA 333 HUDSON ST, 7TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-8529 J9 CNS SPECTRUMS JI CNS Spectr. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 14 IS 10 BP 531 EP 534 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 512SF UT WOS:000271270100002 PM 20095365 ER PT J AU Caudle, KA Wegman, E AF Caudle, Kyle A. Wegman, Edward TI Nonparametric density estimation of streaming data using orthogonal series SO COMPUTATIONAL STATISTICS & DATA ANALYSIS LA English DT Article AB Streaming data represent a serious challenge because implicit in the nature of streaming data, data are not exchangeable and are not storable. This means data must be processed on the fly. Density estimation is an essential tool used to make sense of data collected by large scale systems. In this paper, we present a recursive method for constructing and updating an estimate of the nonstationary probability density function. Our approach is shown to work well with simulated data as well as with real data. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wegman, Edward] George Mason Univ, Dept Computat & Data Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Caudle, Kyle A.] USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Wegman, E (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Computat & Data Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM caudle@usna.edu; ewegman@gmail.com NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9473 J9 COMPUT STAT DATA AN JI Comput. Stat. Data Anal. PD OCT 1 PY 2009 VL 53 IS 12 BP 3980 EP 3986 DI 10.1016/j.csda.2009.06.014 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 504NV UT WOS:000270624600008 ER PT J AU Petrakos, N Dinolt, GW Michael, JB Stanica, P AF Petrakos, Nikolaos Dinolt, George W. Michael, James Bret Stanica, Pantelimon TI Cube-Type Algebraic Attacks on Wireless Encryption Protocols SO COMPUTER LA English DT Editorial Material AB Formally evaluating the strengths of a given cryptosystem will ensure that no flaws have crept into the application. C1 [Dinolt, George W.; Michael, James Bret] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Monterey, CA USA. [Stanica, Pantelimon] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA USA. EM npe-trako@gmail.com; gwdinolt@nps.edu; bmichael@nps.edu; pstanica@nps.edu RI Stanica, Pante/D-4017-2009 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9162 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD OCT PY 2009 VL 42 IS 10 BP 103 EP 105 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 501LD UT WOS:000270382500024 ER PT J AU Mazeina, L Picard, YN Maximenko, SI Perkins, FK Glaser, ER Twigg, ME Freitas, JA Prokes, SM AF Mazeina, Lena Picard, Yoosuf N. Maximenko, Serguei I. Perkins, F. Keith Glaser, Evan R. Twigg, Mark E. Freitas, Jaime A., Jr. Prokes, Sharka M. TI Growth of Sn-Doped beta-Ga2O3 Nanowires and Ga2O3-SnO2 Heterostructures for Gas Sensing Applications SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; THIN-FILMS; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; SENSORS; OXIDES; RAMAN; CONDUCTIVITY; SPECTROSCOPY; SENSITIVITY; MECHANISM AB Although beta-Ga2O3 thin films and nanowires (NWs) show promise as very stable and reliable active components for high temperature gas sensors, their use at room temperatures is limited due to poor electrical conductivity. To address this problem, we grew Sn-doped beta-Ga2O3 nanowires by the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) approach. Sn-doped beta-Ga2O3 NWs with diameters of 100-250 nm retained the monoclinic beta-Ga2O3 structure, though photoluminescence (PL) emission was red-shifted by up to 50 nm relative to the deep defect band typically observed for pure beta-Ga2O3 NWs. When higher amounts of Sri were introduced, individual Ga2O3-SnO2 heterostructures (HS) self-assembled, to form three distinctive parts: monocrystalline Sn-doped beta-Ga2O3, poorly crystalline Sn-doped beta-Ga2O3, and polycrystalline Ga-doped SnO2, thus realizing a p-n junction within a single HS. Factors responsible for the self-assembly of Ga2O3-SnO2 HS are the different vapor pressures of Sri and Ga and different growth kinetics of Ga2O3 and SnO2. Inhomogeneity in chemical content and structural composition correlated with distinct optical properties along the length of single HS. When diameters of these HS were less than 100 rim, Sn-doped Ga2O3 sections of the HS exhibited the rarely observed orthorhombic epsilon-Ga2O3 phase. C1 [Mazeina, Lena; Picard, Yoosuf N.; Maximenko, Serguei I.; Perkins, F. Keith; Glaser, Evan R.; Twigg, Mark E.; Freitas, Jaime A., Jr.; Prokes, Sharka M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mazeina, L (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM lena.mazeina@nrl.navy.mil OI Picard, Yoosuf/0000-0002-2853-5213 FU Office of Naval Research; National Research Council (NRC) FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. L.M., Y.N.P., and S.I.M. thank the National Research Council (NRC) program for administrative support. Victor Bermudez, Jeremy Robinson, Steve Arnold, and Antti Makinen are thanked for help with instrumental set-ups, analyses, and useful discussions. NR 42 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 7 U2 53 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1528-7483 J9 CRYST GROWTH DES JI Cryst. Growth Des. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 9 IS 10 BP 4471 EP 4479 DI 10.1021/cg900499c PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA 502LL UT WOS:000270461400041 ER PT J AU Gendernalik, SB Galeckas, KJ AF Gendernalik, Sarah B. Galeckas, Kenneth J. TI Fixed Drug Eruptions: A Case Report and Review of the Literature SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS; PSEUDOEPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; PATTERN AB Fixed drug eruptions (FDEs) have been described since 1889 with continually evolving documentation of implicated agents and clinical presentations. We report a case of FDE as a reaction to naproxen sodium in a 27-year-old woman. We offer an inventory of common causes of FDEs as well as a discussion of the spectrum of clinical presentations and differential diagnoses for this peculiar drug reaction. Cutis. 2009;84:215-219. C1 [Gendernalik, Sarah B.] USN, Air Stn Whidbey Isl, Oak Harbor, WA USA. [Galeckas, Kenneth J.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RP Galeckas, KJ (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 8901 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM kenneth.galeckas@med.navy.mil NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI PARSIPPANY PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD OCT PY 2009 VL 84 IS 4 BP 215 EP 219 PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 515UW UT WOS:000271499400007 PM 19911677 ER PT J AU Densert, R Wood, DP Murphy, J Mclay, R Spira, J Pyne, J Wiederhold, BK AF Densert, Ruchira Wood, Dennis Patrick Murphy, Jennifer Mclay, Robert Spira, James Pyne, Jeff Wiederhold, Brenda K. TI Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Multiple Case Report Using Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy with Physiological Monitoring SO CYBERPSYCHOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Densert, Ruchira] USN, Hosp Camp Pendleton, Dept Mental Hlth, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Wood, Dennis Patrick; Murphy, Jennifer; Spira, James; Wiederhold, Brenda K.] Virtual Real Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Murphy, Jennifer; Mclay, Robert] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Directorate Mental Hlth, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Pyne, Jeff] Ctr Mental Healthcare Outcomes Res, Little Rock, AR USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1094-9313 J9 CYBERPSYCHOL BEHAV JI CyberPsychol. Behav. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 12 IS 5 BP 604 EP 604 PG 1 WC Communication; Psychology, Applied SC Communication; Psychology GA 504ZC UT WOS:000270656000046 ER PT J AU Mclay, RN Wood, DP Rizzo, A Spira, J Perlman, K Rothbaum, B Difede, J Pyne, J Wiederhold, M Wiederhold, BK AF Mclay, Robert N. Wood, Dennis Patrick Rizzo, Albert Spira, James Perlman, Karen Rothbaum, Barbara Difede, JoAnn Pyne, Jeff Wiederhold, Mark Wiederhold, Brenda K. TI Different Methods for Conducting VR Therapy for Combat PTSD, What Studies Show, and Practical Application of VR Treatment in Iraq SO CYBERPSYCHOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID VIRTUAL-REALITY C1 [Mclay, Robert N.] USN, Dept Mental Hlth, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Wood, Dennis Patrick; Spira, James; Wiederhold, Mark; Wiederhold, Brenda K.] Virtual Real Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Rizzo, Albert] Univ So Calif, Inst Creat Technol, Marina Del Rey, CA USA. [Rothbaum, Barbara] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. [Difede, JoAnn] Cornell Univ, Dept Psychiat, Weill Med Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Pyne, Jeff] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Psychiat, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1094-9313 J9 CYBERPSYCHOL BEHAV JI CyberPsychol. Behav. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 12 IS 5 BP 636 EP 636 PG 1 WC Communication; Psychology, Applied SC Communication; Psychology GA 504ZC UT WOS:000270656000084 ER PT J AU Wood, DP Murphy, J McLay, R Koffman, R Spira, J Obrecht, RE Pyne, J Wiederhold, BK AF Wood, Dennis Patrick Murphy, Jennifer McLay, Robert Koffman, Robert Spira, James Obrecht, Robert E. Pyne, Jeff Wiederhold, Brenda K. TI Cost Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Graded Exposure Therapy with Physiological Monitoring for the Treatment of Combat Related Post Traumatic Stress Disorder SO CYBERPSYCHOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wood, Dennis Patrick; Spira, James; Wiederhold, Brenda K.] Virtual Real Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Murphy, Jennifer] USN, Naval Ctr Combat & Operat Stress Control, San Diego Med Ctr, Monterey, CA USA. [McLay, Robert] USN, Med Ctr, Directorate Mental Hlth, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Koffman, Robert] Bur Med & Surg, Washington, DC USA. [Obrecht, Robert E.] USN, Naval Special Warfare Grp 1, Amphibious Base Coronado, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Pyne, Jeff] Cent Arkansas Vet Healthcare Syst, Ctr Mental Healthcare Outcomes Res, N Little Rock, AR USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1094-9313 J9 CYBERPSYCHOL BEHAV JI CyberPsychol. Behav. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 12 IS 5 BP 669 EP 670 PG 2 WC Communication; Psychology, Applied SC Communication; Psychology GA 504ZC UT WOS:000270656000123 ER PT J AU Gorham, ED Barrett-Connor, E Highfill-McRoy, RM Mohr, SB Garland, CF Garland, FC Ricordi, C AF Gorham, E. D. Barrett-Connor, E. Highfill-McRoy, R. M. Mohr, S. B. Garland, C. F. Garland, F. C. Ricordi, C. TI Incidence of insulin-requiring diabetes in the US military SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Incidence rates; Insulin-requiring diabetes; Race; Seasonality; Sex; Vitamin D; Young adults ID VITAMIN-D; MELLITUS; TYPE-1; AMERICANS AB The aim of the study was to determine age- and race-related, and overall incidence rates of insulin-requiring diabetes in adults in the US military. Electronic records for admissions to US military and Tricare hospitals during 1990-2005 and visits to military clinics during 2000-2005 were identified using the Career History Archival Medical and Personnel System at the Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA. Population data were obtained from the Defense Manpower Data Center and Defense Medical Epidemiology Database. In men there were 2,918 new cases of insulin-requiring diabetes in 20,427,038 person-years at ages 18-44 years (median age 28 years) for a total age-adjusted incidence rate of 17.5 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI 16.4-18.6). Incidence rates were twice as high in black men as in white men (31.5 vs 14.5 per 100,000, p < 0.001). In women there were 414 new cases in 3,285,000 person-years at ages 18-44 years (median age 27 years), for a total age-adjusted incidence rate of 13.6 per 100,000 (95% CI 12.4-14.9). Incidence rates were twice as high in black women as in white women (21.8 vs 9.7 per 100,000, p < 0.001). In a regression model, incidence of insulin-requiring diabetes peaked annually in the winter-spring season (OR 1.46, p < 0.01). Race and seasonal differences persisted in the multivariate analysis. Differences in incidence rates by race and season suggest a need for further research into possible reasons, including the possibility of a contribution from vitamin D deficiency. Cohort studies using prediagnostic serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D should be conducted to further evaluate this relationship. C1 [Gorham, E. D.; Barrett-Connor, E.; Mohr, S. B.; Garland, C. F.; Garland, F. C.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Gorham, E. D.; Highfill-McRoy, R. M.; Mohr, S. B.; Garland, F. C.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Ricordi, C.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Diabet Res Inst, Miami, FL 33136 USA. RP Gorham, ED (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM edward.gorham@med.navy.mil OI Ricordi, Camillo/0000-0001-8092-7153 FU Congressional allocation to the Diabetes Research Institute; University of Miami; Miller School of Medicine in Miami, FL, USA through the Department of the Navy, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery FX This research was supported by a Congressional allocation to the Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine in Miami, FL, USA, through the Department of the Navy, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, under Work Unit No. 60126. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not represent an official position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense or the US Government. The study has been approved for public release with unlimited distribution. The authors express their gratitude to: R. Guerin, Director, Tricare Health Programs Analysis and Evaluation Branch; S. Jenkins of the Tricare Management Activity Privacy Office; the Tricare Chief Information Officer and the staff of the Tricare Executive Information and Decision Support System. We also thank our Naval Health Research Center colleague E. E. K. Gunderson, who brought together the system of medical databases that were used to perform this study, M. Miller and T. Nedellec for maintaining the data sets that were used to perform the study, and S. Hilton for consultation on SPSS programming methods. Thanks are also extended to D. Washington of Tricare and Axion, who helped the authors obtain access to Tricare medical data, to M. Dove, V. Lauter and S. Seggerman of the Management Information and Analysis Division, Defense Manpower Data Center-West, who provided data on population denominators, and to the Defense Medical Epidemiology Database of the Army, whose DMED online website provided denominator data for some analyses. We also thank A. A. Burgi ( Naval Health Research Center), who read and commented on the manuscript. NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0012-186X J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PD OCT PY 2009 VL 52 IS 10 BP 2087 EP 2091 DI 10.1007/s00125-009-1449-x PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 494VT UT WOS:000269848100014 PM 19629431 ER PT J AU Broquet, G Edwards, CA Moore, AM Powell, BS Veneziani, M Doyle, JD AF Broquet, G. Edwards, C. A. Moore, A. M. Powell, B. S. Veneziani, M. Doyle, J. D. TI Application of 4D-Variational data assimilation to the California Current System SO DYNAMICS OF ATMOSPHERES AND OCEANS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Modeling and Data Assimilation in Support of Coastal Ocean Observing Systems CY APR 03-05, 2007 CL Corvallis, OR SP NOAA Cooperat Inst Ocean Satellite Studies DE In situ/surface data assimilation; 4DVAR; California Current System; ROMS; Hindcasts/analysis ID OCEAN-MODELING-SYSTEM; VARIATIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; BACKGROUND ERROR COVARIANCE; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; DYNAMICS EXPERIMENT; SHELF CIRCULATION; ROMS; PARAMETERIZATION; SIMULATIONS; TEMPERATURE AB The Incremental Strong constraint 4D-Variational (IS4DVAR) data assimilation system of the Regional Ocean Model System (ROMS) is used to study the controllability of a realistic, high resolution configuration of the California Current System. The configuration and results of assimilating both satellite-derived surface observations along with in situ data are presented. Results show consequent improvements in many characteristics of the model circulation, and some of the strengths of the adjoint method for data assimilation are highlighted. General issues of the sensitivity of the results to the configuration of ROMS-IS4DVAR are also discussed. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Broquet, G.; Powell, B. S.; Veneziani, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Edwards, C. A.; Moore, A. M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ocean Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Doyle, J. D.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Broquet, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM gbroquet@pmc.ucsc.edu NR 48 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0265 J9 DYNAM ATMOS OCEANS JI Dyn. Atmos. Oceans PD OCT PY 2009 VL 48 IS 1-3 BP 69 EP 92 DI 10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2009.03.001 PG 24 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA 496QA UT WOS:000269988900005 ER PT J AU Sutto, TE Duncan, TT Wong, TC AF Sutto, Thomas E. Duncan, Teresa T. Wong, Tiffany C. TI X-ray diffraction studies of electrochemical graphite intercalation compounds of ionic liquids SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Review DE Ionic liquid; Intercalation; X-ray; Electrochemical; Imidazolium ID POLYMER GEL ELECTROLYTES; LITHIUM; BATTERIES AB Electrochemical intercalation studies are used to characterize a series of ionic liquids composed of a variety of cationic and anionic species. Electrochemically, the ionic liquids are characterized by cyclic voltammograms and charge-discharge experiments for the intercalation and de-intercalation of the various cationic and anionic species into graphite. X-ray structure analysis is also performed to determine the relationship between the electrochemical behaviour of the ionic liquids, and the formation of intercalated graphitic compounds. Two different types of imidazolium cations are studied, specifically the di- and trisubstituted imidazolium. These cations are paired with the following anions: tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, bis(perfluoroethanesulfonyl)imide, nitrate and hydrogen sulfate. Results indicate stronger intercalation chemistry for the trisubstituted imidazoliums, correlating with the greater charge-discharge efficiencies found for these types of ionic liquids. Many of the anions exhibit very poor charge-discharge efficiencies, correlating to very poorly formed graphite intercalates. The exception to this is the hydrogen sulfate intercalate, which had low charge-discharge efficiencies but formed a well defined graphite intercalate. Only the imide based anions exhibited both high charge-discharge efficiencies and the formation of a clearly defined graphite intercalate. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sutto, Thomas E.; Wong, Tiffany C.] USN, Res Lab, Mat S&T, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Duncan, Teresa T.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Sutto, TE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Mat S&T, Code 6364,Bldg 3,Rm 225,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM thomas.sutto@nrl.navy.mil NR 16 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 7 U2 55 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD OCT 1 PY 2009 VL 54 IS 24 BP 5648 EP 5655 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.05.026 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 475QJ UT WOS:000268374900007 ER PT J AU Delehanty, JB Boeneman, K Bradburne, CE Robertson, K Medintz, IL AF Delehanty, James B. Boeneman, Kelly Bradburne, Christopher E. Robertson, Kelly Medintz, Igor L. TI Quantum dots: a powerful tool for understanding the intricacies of nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery SO EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG DELIVERY LA English DT Review DE biosensor; diagnostics; drug delivery; endocytosis; imaging; nanocrystal; nanoparticle; peptide; pharmacology; quantum dot; semiconductor ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; CELL-PENETRATING PEPTIDES; BREAST-CANCER CELLS; IN-VIVO; INTRACELLULAR DELIVERY; LIVE CELLS; PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY; LIVING CELLS; SURFACE-COATINGS; SELF AB Nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery (NMDD) is an emerging research area that seeks to address many of the pharmacokinetic issues encountered with traditional systemically administered drug therapies. Although the field is still in its infancy, recent research has already highlighted the potential for improved drug delivery and targeted therapeutics; however, the real promise lies in combining drug therapy with diagnostic imaging, nucleic acid delivery/gene therapy and/or biosensing applications all in one engineered nanoparticle vector. In this review, the authors discuss the unique contributions that luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals or quantum dots (QDs) offer for NMDD, how they can function as a powerful nanoscale platform to understand this process at its most basic level, and even provide drug-related properties in certain circumstances. Selected examples from the current literature are utilized to describe both their potential and the contributions they have already made towards the design and implementation of NMDD vectors. Important related issues such as QD biofunctionalization and toxicity are also discussed. The paper concludes with a perspective of how this field can be expected to develop in the future. C1 [Delehanty, James B.; Boeneman, Kelly; Bradburne, Christopher E.; Robertson, Kelly; Medintz, Igor L.] USN, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), USN, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Code 6900,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil RI Gemmill, Kelly/G-2167-2012 FU CB Directorate/Physical S&T Division (ARO/DTRA); ONR; NRL; NRL-NSI FX The authors acknowledge the CB Directorate/Physical S&T Division (ARO/DTRA), ONR, NRL and the NRL-NSI for financial support. K Boeneman acknowledges an ASEE fellowship and CE Bradburne and K Robertson acknowledge NRC fellowships all through NRL. NR 138 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 4 U2 54 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1742-5247 EI 1744-7593 J9 EXPERT OPIN DRUG DEL JI Expert Opin. Drug Deliv. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 6 IS 10 BP 1091 EP 1112 DI 10.1517/17425240903167934 PG 22 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 515RT UT WOS:000271491200007 PM 19691443 ER PT J AU Thorsos, EI Richardson, MD Lynch, JF AF Thorsos, Eric I. Richardson, Michael D. Lynch, James F. TI Special Issue on Sediment Acoustic Processes: Part II SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Thorsos, Eric I.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Richardson, Michael D.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Lynch, James F.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Thorsos, EI (reprint author), Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. EM eit@apl.washington.edu; mike.richardson@nrlssc.navy.mil; jlynch@whoi.edu NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 34 IS 4 BP 369 EP 371 DI 10.1109/JOE.2009.2035574 PG 3 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 527RI UT WOS:000272383800001 ER PT J AU Williams, KL Jackson, DR Tang, DJ Briggs, KB Thorsos, EI AF Williams, Kevin L. Jackson, Darrell R. Tang, Dajun Briggs, Kevin B. Thorsos, Eric I. TI Acoustic Backscattering From a Sand and a Sand/Mud Environment: Experiments and Data/Model Comparisons SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Acoustic propagation; acoustic scattering; underwater acoustics ID BIOT THEORY; MODEL; SCATTERING; SEDIMENTS; FLUID AB The results from two bottom backscattering experiments are described in this paper. These experiments occurred within about 1 km of each other but were separated by approximately five years (1999 and 2004). The experimental methods used in the second experiment were changed based on lessons learned in the first experiment. These changes and the motivation for them are discussed. The sediment at each experiment site would generally be classified as the same (as a well-sorted medium sand sediment) before the weather events (Hurricane Ivan and Tropical Storm Matthew) that occurred in late September and early October 2004. As a result of these weather events, the sediment present during the October 18, 2004 experiments was much more complicated than that in 1999 and in many places had a mud/sand surface layer. The environmental measurements in both experiments were sufficient to separate physical mechanisms responsible for scattering. For shallow grazing angles (less than 45 degrees), backscattering at frequencies between 20 and 150 kHz was attributable to sediment interface roughness in 1999, whereas volume scattering dominated in 2004. Furthermore, in 2004, volume heterogeneity within the mud/sand surface layer is a probable mechanism for the scattering feature seen in the data in the 20 degrees-30 degrees region. Above 200 kHz, the frequency dependence of both the 1999 data and the 2004 data indicates that a new scattering mechanism is coming into play. Other results within this issue [Ivakin, IEEE J. Ocean. Eng., vol. 34, no. 4, Oct. 2009] indicate that scattering from shells is a viable candidate for explaining the data above 200 kHz. C1 [Williams, Kevin L.; Jackson, Darrell R.; Tang, Dajun; Thorsos, Eric I.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Coll Ocean & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Briggs, Kevin B.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Williams, KL (reprint author), Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Coll Ocean & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. EM williams@apl.washington.edu; drj@apl.washington.edu; djtang@apl.washington.edu; kbriggs@nrlssc.navy.mil; eit@apl.washington.edu RI williams, kevin/H-2224-2011 FU U.S. Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Ocean Acoustics program of the U.S. Office of Naval Research. NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 34 IS 4 BP 388 EP 398 DI 10.1109/JOE.2009.2018335 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 527RI UT WOS:000272383800003 ER PT J AU Jackson, DR Richardson, MD Williams, KL Lyons, AP Jones, CD Briggs, KB Tang, DJ AF Jackson, Darrell R. Richardson, Michael D. Williams, Kevin L. Lyons, Anthony P. Jones, Christopher D. Briggs, Kevin B. Tang, Dajun TI Acoustic Observation of the Time Dependence of the Roughness of Sandy Seafloors SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Acoustic scattering; bioturbation; diffusion processes; seafloor; sediment transport ID TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; MIXING RATES; SEDIMENTS; TRACER; REVERBERATION; MATHEMATICS; SCATTERING; SAX99; BAY AB A statistical model for the time evolution of seafloor roughness due to biological activity is applied to photographic and acoustic data. In this model, the function describing small scale seafloor topography obeys a tune-evolution equation with a random forcing term that creates roughness and a diffusion term that degrades roughness. When compared to acoustic data from the 1999 and 2004 Sediment Acoustics Experiments (SAX99 and SAX04), the model yields diffusivities in the range from 3.5 x 10(-11) to 2.5 x 10(-10) m(2)s(-1) (from 10 to 80 cm(2)yr(-1)), with the larger values occurring at sites where bottom-feeding fish were active. While the experimental results lend support to the model, a more focused experimental and simulation effort is required to test several assumptions intrinsic to the model. C1 [Jackson, Darrell R.; Williams, Kevin L.; Jones, Christopher D.; Tang, Dajun] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Richardson, Michael D.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Lyons, Anthony P.] Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, State Coll, PA 16804 USA. RP Jackson, DR (reprint author), Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. EM drj@apl.washington.edu; mrichardson@nrlssc.navy.mil; williams@apl.washington.edu; apl2@psu.edu; cjones@apl.washington.edu; kbriggs@urlssc.navy.mil; djtang@apl.washington.edu RI williams, kevin/H-2224-2011 FU U.S. Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 34 IS 4 BP 407 EP 422 DI 10.1109/JOE.2009.2021287 PG 16 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 527RI UT WOS:000272383800005 ER PT J AU Piper, JE Lim, R Thorsos, EI Williams, KL AF Piper, John E. Lim, Raymond Thorsos, Eric I. Williams, Kevin L. TI Buried Sphere Detection Using a Synthetic Aperture Sonar SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Buried object detection; sediment acoustics; synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) ID SUBCRITICAL PENETRATION; SANDY BOTTOM; INTERFACE; SEDIMENT AB This paper presents observations of a buried sphere detected with a low-frequency (5-35-kHz) synthetic aperture sonar (SAS). These detections were made with good signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) at both above and below the critical grazing angle. The raw data for the below-critical-grazing angle detection shows that the acoustic penetration is skewed by the 29 degrees offset of the ripple field relative to the sonar path. This observed skew is in agreement with T-matrix calculations carried out to model penetration into the bottom via ripple diffraction. Additionally, measured SNRs over different frequency bands are compared to predictions made using both first- and second-order perturbation theory for ripple diffraction. Both the data and the models indicate a peak detection region around 25 kHz for the environmental conditions present during the test. These results confirm that ripple diffraction can play a critical role in long range (subcritical angle) buried target detection. C1 [Piper, John E.; Lim, Raymond] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Panama City, FL 32408 USA. [Thorsos, Eric I.; Williams, Kevin L.] Univ Washington, Coll Ocean & Fishery Sci, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. RP Piper, JE (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Panama City, FL 32408 USA. EM john.e.piper@navy.mil; raymond.lim@navy.mil; eit@apl.washington.edu; williams@apl.washington.edu RI williams, kevin/H-2224-2011 FU U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR); Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) and the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP). NR 24 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 34 IS 4 BP 485 EP 494 DI 10.1109/JOE.2009.2030971 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 527RI UT WOS:000272383800013 ER PT J AU Vaughan, WC Briggs, KB Kim, JW Bianchi, TS Smith, RW AF Vaughan, W. Chad Briggs, Kevin B. Kim, Jin-Wook Bianchi, Thomas S. Smith, Richard W. TI Storm-Generated Sediment Distribution Along the Northwest Florida Inner Continental Shelf SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Lignin; seafloor imagery; sedimentation; sediments ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; NORTHERN GULF; OXIDATION-PRODUCTS; COASTAL MARGIN; ORGANIC-CARBON; LIGNIN; USA; PRESERVATION; ORIGIN AB Hurricane Ivan made landfall along the Alabama-Florida coastline on September 16, 2004 as a category 3 storm. Ivan provided a rare opportunity to quantify surficial sediment changes following a significant storm event. Sidescan sonar imagery was collected immediately offshore Santa Rosa Island, FL, five days before and after Ivan's landfall 100 km west of the study area. Particle-size, multisensor core logger, X-radiography, photography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) grain shape, direct shear, radiocarbon isotope, and lignin-phenol analyses were performed on grab or vibracore samples collected after the storm. Sonar observations before Ivan's landfall revealed a mostly sand bottom with uniform, small-scale wind-wave ripple morphology, and a distinct area of low backscatter trending NW-SE that was interpreted to be a mud swale. Ivan introduced new material to the relict sediments and resulted in the deposition of fine-grained material across the shelf that settled in the bathymetric lows and formed mud flaser deposits. Hardbottoms were draped by sand in some locations, but exposed in others. Ripple morphology changes occurred along sand ridges. Hurricane Ivan created major sediment distribution changes along the near-shore shelf, yet served to reinforce and to maintain the ridge-and-swale topography of the northeastern Gulf of Mexico near-shore continental shelf. C1 [Vaughan, W. Chad; Briggs, Kevin B.; Kim, Jin-Wook] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Bianchi, Thomas S.; Smith, Richard W.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Vaughan, WC (reprint author), Minerals Management Serv, New Orleans, LA 70123 USA. EM Chad.Vaughan@mms.gov FU U.S. Office of Naval Research; U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Program [0601153N, JA/7430-07-11] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research and the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Program Element 0601153N. The NRL contribution number is JA/7430-07-11. NR 56 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 34 IS 4 BP 495 EP 515 DI 10.1109/JOE.2009.2014660 PG 21 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 527RI UT WOS:000272383800014 ER PT J AU Ohta, K Okabe, K Morishita, I Frisk, GV Turgut, A AF Ohta, Kazuhiko Okabe, Kouki Morishita, Itaru Frisk, George V. Turgut, Altan TI Modal Inversion Analysis for Geoacoustic Properties of the New Jersey Continental Shelf in the SWAT Experiments SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Geoacoustic properties; inversion methods; shallow-water acoustics; sound propagation ID SHALLOW-WATER; PARAMETERS AB In this paper, inversion for bottom sediment properties at a site on the New Jersey continental shelf is studied as part of the Shallow Water Acoustic Technology (SWAT) project. A source towed at a constant water depth over a range of some tens of kilometers transmitted low-frequency continuous wave (cw) signals, which were measured on a bottom-moored vertical line array of receivers. For the along-shelf geometry, the zeroth-order asymptotic Hankel transform is then applied to the acoustic field at 50 Hz measured on the resulting synthetic aperture horizontal array created at each receiver depth. The resulting horizontal wave number spectra, which have peaks corresponding to the mode eigenvalues, are observed to have slightly different values at different receiver depths, and therefore, stochastic mode inversion is exploited to utilize all of the observed peak position information. The estimated sound-speed profile (SSP) foe the upper 10 m of sediment is then compared with an inversion result obtained using midfrequency (2-16 kHz) chirp sonar pulses reflected at normal incidence from the sediment. Although obtained using totally different inversion techniques, both estimated profiles are shown to be in good agreement in the top 10 m of sediment. The acoustic field simulated using the inverted SSP also agrees well with the measured acoustic field at each receiver depth. Furthermore, simulated sound fields which use this profile as input data are shown to be effective in predicting the measurements obtained at a different frequency (125 Hz) and for a different (cross-shelf) geometry. C1 [Ohta, Kazuhiko; Okabe, Kouki] Japan Def Agcy, TRDI, Res Ctr 5, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2390826, Japan. [Morishita, Itaru] OKI Elect Ind Co Ltd, Numazu 4100873, Japan. [Turgut, Altan] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Frisk, George V.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Ocean Engn, Dania, FL 33004 USA. RP Ohta, K (reprint author), MOD, TRDI, Naval Syst Res Ctr, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2390826, Japan. EM kohta@cs.trdi.mod.go.jp; okabekou@mod.go.jp; morishita555@oki.com; gfrisk@seatech.fau.edu; turgut@wave.nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 34 IS 4 BP 526 EP 538 DI 10.1109/JOE.2009.2027395 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 527RI UT WOS:000272383800016 ER PT J AU Collis, JM Siegmann, WL Zampolli, M Collins, MD AF Collis, Jon M. Siegmann, William L. Zampolli, Mario Collins, Michael D. TI Extension of the Rotated Elastic Parabolic Equation to Beach and Island Propagation SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Parabolic equation method; range dependence; sea-to-land propagation; seismoacoustics ID MEDIA; ACOUSTICS; RAYLEIGH; BOTTOM AB Improvements in the capability of handling sloping interfaces and boundaries with the parabolic equation method have been an active area of research. Recent progress in accurately treating range-dependent seismoacoustic problems has involved coordinate transformation techniques. The variable-rotated parabolic equation is among recent advances in this area. The solution rotates the coordinate axes to achieve greater accuracy in the presence of range-dependent bathymetry. At points of slope change the rotated solution interpolates and extrapolates the field into adjacent regions. This approach is extended to solve problems involving variable topography (above-ocean-surface sediments) by accounting for the transition and boundary conditions at the water/solid/air interfaces. It is applied to range-dependent problems of sound transmission up a beach and through an island. The method is benchmarked for accuracy against a finite-element solution. C1 [Collis, Jon M.; Siegmann, William L.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Zampolli, Mario] NATO Undersea Res Ctr, I-19126 La Spezia, Italy. [Collins, Michael D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Collis, JM (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM jcollis@mines.edu; siegmw@rpi.edu; mario.zampolli@tno.nl; collins@nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research, including ONR Ocean Acoustics Graduate Traineeship and Postdoctoral Fellowship Grants to J. M. Collis. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 34 IS 4 BP 617 EP 623 DI 10.1109/JOE.2009.2031060 PG 7 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 527RI UT WOS:000272383800024 ER PT J AU Dorsey, WM Zaghloul, AI AF Dorsey, W. Mark Zaghloul, Amir I. TI Dual-Substrate Capacitive Loading for Size Reduction in Shorted Annular Ring Antennas SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE Capacitive loading; printed circuit antennas; shorted annular ring; size reduction AB This communication presents a capacitive loading technique capable of providing significant size reduction in shorted annular ring antennas. Capacitive loading techniques are utilized in many antenna geometries to reduce the size of the radiator. Many such structures generate capacitance between parallel conducting planes. The new loading structure utilizes two separate microwave substrates. One substrate is contained beneath the radiator, and a high dielectric substrate is present between the parallel conductors to increase the capacitive effect. The new loading technique is verified with simulations and measurements with excellent agreement between the two. C1 [Dorsey, W. Mark; Zaghloul, Amir I.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Dorsey, W. Mark] USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zaghloul, Amir I.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Dorsey, WM (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM dorsey@radar.nrl.navy.mil; amirz@vt.edu NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 57 IS 10 BP 3339 EP 3342 DI 10.1109/TAP.2009.2029391 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 505UP UT WOS:000270723600047 ER PT J AU Nguyen, GD AF Nguyen, Gam D. TI Fast CRCs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS LA English DT Article DE Fast CRC; low-complexity CRC; checksum; error-detection code; Hamming code; period of polynomial; fast software implementation ID ERROR-DETECTION CODES; WEIGHTED SUM CODES; EXISTING CODES; IMPLEMENTATION AB CRCs have desirable properties for effective error detection. But their software implementation, which relies on many steps of the polynomial division, is typically slower than other codes such as weaker checksums. A relevant question is whether there are some particular CRCs that have fast implementation. In this paper, we introduce such fast CRCs as well as an effective technique to implement them. For these fast CRCs, even without using table lookup, it is possible either to eliminate or to greatly reduce many steps of the polynomial division during their computation. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Nguyen, GD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gam.nguyen@nrl.navy.mil FU US Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported in part by the US Office of Naval Research. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9340 J9 IEEE T COMPUT JI IEEE Trans. Comput. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 58 IS 10 BP 1321 EP 1331 DI 10.1109/TC.2009.83 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 485OB UT WOS:000269131900003 ER PT J AU van't Erve, OMJ Awo-Affouda, C Hanbicki, AT Li, CH Thompson, PE Jonker, BT AF van't Erve, Olaf M. J. Awo-Affouda, Chaffra Hanbicki, Aubrey T. Li, Connie H. Thompson, Phillip E. Jonker, Berend T. TI Information Processing With Pure Spin Currents in Silicon: Spin Injection, Extraction, Manipulation, and Detection SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article DE Electrical spin detection; electrical spin injection; silicon; spintronics ID METAL/TUNNEL BARRIER CONTACT; SEMICONDUCTOR HETEROSTRUCTURE; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; TRANSPORT; JUNCTIONS; VALVE; METAL AB We demonstrate that information can be transmitted and processed with pure spin currents in silicon. Fe/Al(2)O(3) tunnel barrier contacts are used to produce significant electron spin polarization in the silicon, generating a spin current which flows outside of the charge current path. The spin orientation of this pure spin current is controlled in one of three ways: 1) by switching the magnetization of the Fe contact; 2) by changing the polarity of the bias on the Fe/Al(2)O(3) "injector" contact, which enables the generation of either majority or minority spin populations in the Si, providing a way to electrically manipulate the injected spin orientation without changing the magnetization of the contact itself; and 3) by inducing spin precession through the application of a small perpendicular magnetic field. Spin polarization by electrical extraction is as effective as that achieved by the more common electrical spin injection. The output characteristics of a planar silicon three-terminal device are very similar to those of nonvolatile giant magnetoresistance metal spin-valve structures. C1 [van't Erve, Olaf M. J.; Awo-Affouda, Chaffra; Hanbicki, Aubrey T.; Li, Connie H.; Jonker, Berend T.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Thompson, Phillip E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP van't Erve, OMJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM olaf.vanterve.ctr.nl@nrl.navy.mil; jonker@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research and in part by Core Programs at the U. S. Naval Research Laboratory. The review of this brief was arranged by Editor M. Reed. NR 34 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 14 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD OCT PY 2009 VL 56 IS 10 BP 2343 EP 2347 DI 10.1109/TED.2009.2027975 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 497DT UT WOS:000270036300023 ER PT J AU Flynn, MJ Sarkani, S Mazzuchi, TA AF Flynn, Michael J. Sarkani, Shahram Mazzuchi, Thomas A. TI Regression Analysis of Automatic Measurement Systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 43rd Annual IEEE AUTOTESTCON Conference CY SEP 08-11, 2008 CL Salt Lake City, UT SP IEEE Aerosp & Elect Syst Soc DE Automatic test equipment; avionics; consolidated automated support system (CASS); reconfigurable-transportable consolidated automated support system (RTCASS); test program sets AB In this paper, regression analysis is presented to analyze the comparative performance capability between two functionally equivalent but technologically different automatic measurement systems for acceptance testing of a unit under test (UUT). Since the pass/fail criteria of a UUT are contingent upon repeatable and reproducible accurate measurements, a methodology is presented to examine if there is a statistically significant difference between two functionally equivalent automatic measurement systems. The purpose of which is to reduce the technical risk of transportability issues that occur when a UUT is in transition from the legacy measurement system to an emerging measurement system. C1 [Flynn, Michael J.] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. [Sarkani, Shahram; Mazzuchi, Thomas A.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Flynn, MJ (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9456 J9 IEEE T INSTRUM MEAS JI IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 58 IS 10 BP 3373 EP 3379 DI 10.1109/TIM.2009.2025467 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 493XP UT WOS:000269772900003 ER PT J AU Jalli, J Hong, YK Bae, S Abo, GS Lee, JJ Sur, JC Gee, SH Kim, SG Erwin, SC Moitra, A AF Jalli, Jeevan Hong, Yang-Ki Bae, Seok Abo, Gavin S. Lee, Jae-Jin Sur, Jung-Chul Gee, Sung-Hoon Kim, Seong-Gon Erwin, Steven C. Moitra, Amitava TI Conversion of Nano-Sized Spherical Magnetite to Spherical Barium Ferrite Nanoparticles for High Density Particulate Recording Media SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Magnetics Conference 2009 (INTERMAG) CY MAY 04-08, 2009 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE DE Barium ferrite; dynamic remanent coercivity; inter-particle interaction; particulate recording media; thermal stability ID TAPE; PARTICLES; SHAPE AB We report 24-30 nm spherical barium ferrite (S-BaFe) particles having extremely narrow size distribution without any superparamagnetic phase. We have converted spherical magnetite (S-Mag) nanoparticles to S-BaFe nanoparticles using a unique adsorption-diffusion process. The synthesized S-BaFe nanoparticles were characterized by x-ray diffractometer, Mossbauer spectrometer, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and vibrating magnetometer (VSM) for magnetic and physical properties. Saturation magnetization and coercivity of the S-BaFe nanoparticles were found to be 41.4 emu/g and 4075 Oe, respectively. The thermal stability of K(u)V/k(B)T approximate to 107 was estimated for the S-BaFe nanoparticles from time-dependent remanent coercivity measurement. C1 [Jalli, Jeevan; Hong, Yang-Ki; Bae, Seok; Abo, Gavin S.; Lee, Jae-Jin] Univ Alabama, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Jalli, Jeevan; Bae, Seok; Abo, Gavin S.; Lee, Jae-Jin] Univ Alabama, MINT Ctr, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Sur, Jung-Chul] Wonkwang Univ, Div Phys, Iksan 570749, Joen Book, South Korea. [Gee, Sung-Hoon] Seagate Technol, Bloomington, MN 55435 USA. [Kim, Seong-Gon; Moitra, Amitava] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. [Erwin, Steven C.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hong, YK (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM ykhong@eng.ua.edu NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 10 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 45 IS 10 SI SI BP 3590 EP 3593 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2009.2022496 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 498OA UT WOS:000270149700049 ER PT J AU Wun-Fogle, M Restorff, JB Cuseo, JM Garshelis, IJ Bitar, S AF Wun-Fogle, Marilyn Restorff, James B. Cuseo, James M. Garshelis, Ivan J. Bitar, Sami TI Magnetostriction and Magnetization of Common High Strength Steels SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Magnetics Conference 2009 (INTERMAG) CY MAY 04-08, 2009 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE DE Magnetic materials; magnetostriction; steel; transducers AB Some common high strength steels possess enough magnetostriction to serve as the active material in sensors, e. g. torque sensors, while simultaneously performing their usual structural role. The magnetization and magnetostriction of six common high strength steels have been measured as a function of stress. Measurements were made in a hydraulic load frame at compressive stresses of -1, -50, -100, and -150 MPa with fields up to 135 kA/m (1700 Oe). With two exceptions, all of the samples displayed "normal" strain-field curves. The exceptions were Maraging 300 steel whose magnetostriction was continuing to increase with stress even at -150 MPa and an SAE 4130 steel that showed an "inverted V" shape. B - H curves of all of the samples showed some small dependencies on stress but were otherwise unremarkable. The saturation magnetostrictions (mu S = 1 x 10(-6)) and saturation magnetization (tesla) were: AerMet 100 [30 mu S, 1.68 T]; HP 9-4-20 [23 mu S, 1.68 T]; SAE 4130 [10 mu S, 1.81 T]; Maraging 300 [32 mu S (at - 150 MPa), 1.67 T]; SAE 4340 [5 mu S, 1.58 T]; SAE 9310 (heat treatment I) [10 mu S, 1.77 T]; and SAE 9310 (heat treatment II) [12 mu S, 1.82 T]. Details of the heat treatments are given. C1 [Wun-Fogle, Marilyn; Restorff, James B.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Cuseo, James M.; Garshelis, Ivan J.; Bitar, Sami] MagCanica Inc, San Diego, CA 92117 USA. [Garshelis, Ivan J.] Magnova, Pittsfield, MA 01201 USA. RP Wun-Fogle, M (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM marilyn.wun-fogle@navy.mil NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 45 IS 10 SI SI BP 4112 EP 4115 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2009.2021531 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 498OA UT WOS:000270149700181 ER PT J AU Sablik, MJ Casey, JP Burkhardt, GL AF Sablik, Martin J. Casey, John P. Burkhardt, Gary L. TI Evaluation of Electromagnetic Radiative Noise Magnetostrictively Coupled to Elastic Vibrations in Steel Pipes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Magnetics Conference 2009 (INTERMAG) CY MAY 04-08, 2009 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE DE Elastic vibrations; electromagnetic radiative noise; steel pipe; stress effects ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; STRESS; HYSTERESIS; FIELD; MODEL AB An experimental and theoretical study was conducted on the generation of electromagnetic radiative noise produced by elastic wave vibrations in a steel pipe. Vibrations were introduced into the pipe, which in turn introduced current in a coil wrapped around the pipe inside a larger coil that produced a bias field. Based on the current developed by the vibrations, it was established, using modeling, that the predicted radiative noise agreed with the general range of radiative noise measured by others in similar situations where elastic vibrations were present, even in the presence of stress. C1 [Sablik, Martin J.] Appl Magnet & Phys Modeling LLC, San Antonio, TX 78240 USA. [Sablik, Martin J.; Burkhardt, Gary L.] SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. [Casey, John P.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Sablik, MJ (reprint author), Appl Magnet & Phys Modeling LLC, San Antonio, TX 78240 USA. EM msablik@satx.rr.com NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 45 IS 10 SI SI BP 4116 EP 4119 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2009.2024542 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 498OA UT WOS:000270149700182 ER PT J AU Du, Y Xing, Q Wun-Fogle, M Restorff, JB Clark, AE Huang, M McQueeney, RJ Lograsso, TA AF Du, Y. Xing, Q. Wun-Fogle, M. Restorff, J. B. Clark, A. E. Huang, M. McQueeney, R. J. Lograsso, T. A. TI Determination of Structural Anisotropy of Stress-Annealed Fe80.5Ga19.5 SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Magnetics Conference 2009 (INTERMAG) CY MAY 04-08, 2009 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE DE Galfenol alloy; induced magnetic anisotropy; magnetostriction; stress annealing ID FE-GA ALLOYS AB The origin of the induced magnetic anisotropy in stress-annealed single crystalline Fe80.5Ga19.5 was investigated by high energy X-ray diffuse scattering. A compressive stress was applied along [010] during annealing. Superlattice reflections associated with D0(3) chemical order were analyzed to clarify the origin of the stress-annealing-induced magnetic anisotropy. Results showed that the D0(3) precipitates in the microstructure exhibited long range ordering of Ga. These clusters were found not to have a crystallographic preference relative to the applied stress axis and no structural anisotropy could be detected. The results indicate that the induced anisotropy following stress annealing likely comes from the anisotropy of the magnetic domain alignment and is not related to the underlying microstructural features of the alloy. C1 [Du, Y.; McQueeney, R. J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Du, Y.; Xing, Q.; Huang, M.; McQueeney, R. J.; Lograsso, T. A.] Ames Lab, Div Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wun-Fogle, M.; Restorff, J. B.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Clark, A. E.] Clark Associates, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Du, Y (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM yzdu@iastate.edu RI McQueeney, Robert/A-2864-2016 OI McQueeney, Robert/0000-0003-0718-5602 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 EI 1941-0069 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 45 IS 10 SI SI BP 4142 EP 4144 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2009.2024160 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 498OA UT WOS:000270149700188 ER PT J AU Yoo, JH Na, SM Restorff, JB Wun-Fogle, M Flatau, AB AF Yoo, J. -H. Na, S. -M. Restorff, J. B. Wun-Fogle, M. Flatau, A. B. TI The Effect of Field Annealing on Highly Textured Polycrystalline Galfenol Strips SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Magnetics Conference 2009 (INTERMAG) CY MAY 04-08, 2009 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE DE Crystallographic orientation; highly textured polycrystalline; Iron-Gallium alloy; magnetic field annealing ID FE-GA; ALLOYS; MAGNETOSTRICTION; STRESS AB Iron-Gallium alloys (Galfenol) possess a body centered cubic (BCC) alpha-Fe structure with the gallium atoms substituted throughout the lattice structure. Polycrystalline metals are often isotropic due to their overall random crystallographic orientation, however single crystal and strongly textured polycrystalline BCC metals exhibit a high degree of anisotropy in their physical characteristics. Galfenol has an anisotropic magnetostriction with the maximum performance achieved in the < 100 > direction. Previous field annealing experiments on polycrystalline Galfenol strips have shown a great disparity in the results. This paper uses EBSD to examine the influence of crystal orientation of grains on magnetostriction under various stresses to determine if the disparity is due to the number and/or orientation of the crystals comprising the strip. The saturation magnetostrictions and elastic moduli for each grain are predicted based on the crystal angle measured using EBSD, and the averaged maximum magnetostriction for each sample is calculated with the force balanced between each grain in a sample. The experimental saturation magnetostrictions at 700 Oe agree well with the calculated results. The highest built-in uniaxial anisotropy after magnetic annealing is about 1 kJ/m(3) and all the samples in this study showed performance improvement after field annealing. C1 [Yoo, J. -H.; Na, S. -M.; Flatau, A. B.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Restorff, J. B.; Wun-Fogle, M.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Yoo, JH (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM jhyoo@umd.edu RI NA, SUOK MIN/Q-2499-2015 OI NA, SUOK MIN/0000-0002-7066-0616 NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 12 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 45 IS 10 SI SI BP 4145 EP 4148 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2009.2021669 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 498OA UT WOS:000270149700189 ER PT J AU Petculescu, G LeBlanc, JB Wun-Fogle, M Restorff, JB Burton, WC Cao, JX Wu, RQ Yuhasz, WM Lograsso, TA Clark, AE AF Petculescu, G. LeBlanc, J. B. Wun-Fogle, M. Restorff, J. B. Burton, W. C. Cao, J. X. Wu, R. Q. Yuhasz, W. M. Lograsso, T. A. Clark, A. E. TI Magnetoelasticity of Fe100-xGex(5 < x < 18) Single Crystals From 81 K to 300 K SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Magnetics Conference 2009 (INTERMAG) CY MAY 04-08, 2009 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE DE Elastic constants; gallium alloys; germanium alloys; iron alloys; magnetoelasticity; magnetostriction ID SURFACES; ALLOYS; MAGNETOSTRICTION; CONSTANTS AB Temperature dependent magnetoelastic properties of Fe100-xGex(5 < x < 18) single crystals have been measured. Tetragonal magnetostriction (3/2)lambda(100) measurements at x = 5.7, 12.1, 14.9, and 17.7 were performed between 78 K and 426 K and resonant ultrasound spectroscopy measurements were used to determine the shear elastic constant c' from 5 K to 300 K for x = 6.4, 7.2, 10.8, 14.6, 17.7, and 17.9. A clear distinction was observed between the temperature dependencies of lambda(100) for the A2 and D0(3) phases of Fe100-xGex. The elastic constant c' displays a monotonic decrease with concentration through the different phases (6 < x < 18) and at all temperatures. Experimental values of the tetragonal magnetoelastic coupling constant -b(1) at 81 K were remarkably consistent with theoretical values determined by density functional calculations at 0 K. C1 [Petculescu, G.; LeBlanc, J. B.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Phys, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. [Wun-Fogle, M.; Restorff, J. B.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Burton, W. C.] Montgomery Blair Magnet Program, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA. [Cao, J. X.; Wu, R. Q.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Yuhasz, W. M.; Lograsso, T. A.] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Clark, A. E.] Clark Associates, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Petculescu, G (reprint author), Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Phys, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. EM gp@louisiana.edu RI Yuhasz, William/C-9418-2009; Wu, Ruqian/C-1395-2013; Cao, Juexian/C-7345-2015 OI Wu, Ruqian/0000-0002-6156-7874; NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 45 IS 10 SI SI BP 4149 EP 4152 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2009.2025969 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 498OA UT WOS:000270149700190 ER PT J AU Jiang, WH Weber, B Mankowski, J AF Jiang, Weihua Weber, Bruce Mankowski, John TI Special Issue for Selected Papers From the 17th International Conference on High-Power Particle Beams SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Jiang, Weihua] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Weber, Bruce] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mankowski, John] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lubbock, TX 79404 USA. RP Jiang, WH (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM wjiang@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn; bruce.weber@nrl.navy.mil; john.mankowski@ttu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 37 IS 10 BP 1878 EP 1878 DI 10.1109/TPS.2009.2029080 PN 1 PG 1 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 508RA UT WOS:000270949500001 ER PT J AU Nichols, JM Olson, CC Michalowicz, JV Bucholtz, F AF Nichols, Jonathan M. Olson, Colin C. Michalowicz, Joseph V. Bucholtz, Frank TI The Bispectrum and Bicoherence for Quadratically Nonlinear Systems Subject to Non-Gaussian Inputs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Bicoherence; bispectrum; polyspectra ID HIGHER-ORDER SPECTRA; POLYSPECTRA; VARIABLES; DENSITY; SIGNALS; SERIES AB In the analysis of data from nonlinear systems both the bispectrum and the bicoherence have emerged as useful tools. Both are frequently used to detect the influence of a nonlinear system on the joint probability distribution of the system input. Previous work has provided an analytical expression for the bispectrum of a quadratically nonlinear system output if the input is stationary, jointly Gaussian distributed. This work significantly generalizes the previous analysis by providing an analytical expression for the bispectrum of the response of quadratically nonlinear systems subject to stationary, jointly non-Gaussian inputs possessing arbitrary auto-correlation function. The expression is then used to determine the optimal input probability density function for detecting a quadratic nonlinearity in a second-order system. It is also shown how the expression can be used to design an optimal nonlinear filter for detecting deviations from normality in the probability density of a signal. C1 [Nichols, Jonathan M.; Olson, Colin C.; Michalowicz, Joseph V.; Bucholtz, Frank] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Michalowicz, Joseph V.] Global Strategies Grp, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Nichols, JM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research [N00014-08-WX-2-1107] FX This work was supported in part by the Naval Research Laboratory and by the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-08-WX-2-1107. NR 34 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1053-587X EI 1941-0476 J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 57 IS 10 BP 3879 EP 3890 DI 10.1109/TSP.2009.2024267 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 494SZ UT WOS:000269838300012 ER PT J AU Anderson, CR Venkatesh, S Ibrahim, JE Buehrer, RM Reed, JH AF Anderson, Christopher R. Venkatesh, Swaroop Ibrahim, Jihad E. Buehrer, R. Michael Reed, Jeffrey H. TI Analysis and Implementation of a Time-Interleaved ADC Array for a Software-Defined UWB Receiver SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Analog-to-digital converter (ADC); pilot-based matched filter; software-defined radio (SDR); time-interleaved (TI) sampling; ultrawideband (UWB) ID BREAST-CANCER; CHANNELS; SYSTEM; PROPAGATION; CONVERTER; SIGNALS AB A software-defined radio (SDR) for ultrawideband (UWB) communication systems places several stringent requirements on the analog-to-digital converter (ADC). One alternative to using a single ADC is to sample the received signal with an array of lower speed ADCs that were driven by interleaved sampling clocks; however, mismatches among the ADCs will result in signal distortion. This paper makes three important contributions to overcoming this problem: 1) analytical quantification of the impact of ADC gain, offset, and timing mismatches on the performance of a time-interleaved sampling ADC array for UWB signals; 2) demonstration of the efficacy of using a pilot-based matched-filter architecture to mitigate the impact of timing mismatches in the presence of multipath; and 3) implementation of an 8-ADC time-interleaved UWB SDR testbed that operates at an effective sampling frequency of 6.4 GHz. In addition, our findings allow for the design specification of the number of pilots required to obtain a desired system performance. The simulation and measured performance results from this paper demonstrate that ADC mismatches can be controlled to within +/-10%, yielding acceptable levels of distortion and bit-error-rate (BER) performance on the UWB SDR testbed. Both analytical and simulation results also demonstrate the efficacy of a pilot-based matched filter in mitigating the impact of timing mismatch errors, even in the presence of multipath. C1 [Anderson, Christopher R.] USN Acad, Wireless & Elect Res Grp, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Venkatesh, Swaroop] Marvell Semicond Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. [Ibrahim, Jihad E.] Mathworks Inc, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Buehrer, R. Michael; Reed, Jeffrey H.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24062 USA. RP Anderson, CR (reprint author), USN Acad, Wireless & Elect Res Grp, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM canderso@usna.edu; vswaroop@marvell.com; buehrer@vt.edu; reedjh@vt.edu FU U. S. Office of Naval Research [N0001405-1-179]; Virginia Polytechnic Institute; State University (Virginia Tech); Wireless @ Virginia Tech Affiliates FX This work was supported in part by the U. S. Office of Naval Research under Grant N0001405-1-179, by the Bradley Endowment from the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), and by the Wireless @ Virginia Tech Affiliates. This paper was presented in part at the 2005 Software-Defined Radio Forum. The review of this paper was coordinated by Dr. Y.-C. Liang. NR 52 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9545 EI 1939-9359 J9 IEEE T VEH TECHNOL JI IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 58 IS 8 BP 4046 EP 4063 DI 10.1109/TVT.2009.2021268 PG 18 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Telecommunications; Transportation GA 503OU UT WOS:000270547800018 ER PT J AU Murhandarwati, EEH Wang, LN Black, CG Nhan, DH Richie, TL Coppel, RL AF Murhandarwati, E. Elsa Herdiana Wang, Lina Black, Casilda G. Nhan, Doan Hanh Richie, Thomas L. Coppel, Ross L. TI Inhibitory Antibodies Specific for the 19-Kilodalton Fragment of Merozoite Surface Protein 1 Do Not Correlate with Delayed Appearance of Infection with Plasmodium falciparum in Semi-Immune Individuals in Vietnam SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID C-TERMINAL FRAGMENT; MALARIA MORBIDITY; 19-KDA FRAGMENT; PARASITE GROWTH; BLOOD STAGES; MECHANISMS; PROTECTION; RESPONSES; CHILDREN; ANTIGEN AB Inhibitory antibodies specific for the 19-kDa fragment of merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1(19)) are a significant component of inhibitory responses in individuals immune to malaria. Nevertheless, conflicting results have been obtained in determining whether this antibody specificity correlates with protection in residents of areas where malaria is endemic. In this study, we examined sera collected from a population of semi-immune individuals living in an area of Vietnam with meso-endemicity during a 6-month period. We used two Plasmodium falciparum parasite lines that express either endogenous MSP1(19) or the homologous region from Plasmodium yoelii to measure the MSP1(19)-specific inhibitory activity. We showed that (i) the level of MSP1(19)-specific inhibitory antibodies was not associated with a delay in P. falciparum infection, (ii) MSP1(19)-specific inhibitory antibodies declined significantly during the convalescent period after infection, and (iii) there was no significant correlation between the MSP1(19)-specific inhibitory antibodies and the total antibodies measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. These results have implications for understanding naturally acquired immunity to malaria and for the development and evaluation of MSP1(19)-based vaccines. C1 [Murhandarwati, E. Elsa Herdiana; Wang, Lina; Black, Casilda G.; Coppel, Ross L.] Monash Univ, Dept Microbiol, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Nhan, Doan Hanh] Inst Malariol Parasitol & Entomol, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Richie, Thomas L.] USN, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Med Res Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Coppel, RL (reprint author), Monash Univ, Dept Microbiol, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. EM ross.coppel@med.monash.edu.au RI Richie, Thomas/A-8028-2011; Coppel, Ross/A-6626-2008; Black, Casilda/B-1519-2008 OI Coppel, Ross/0000-0002-4476-9124; Richie, Thomas/0000-0002-2946-5456; Black, Casilda/0000-0002-0424-4593 FU National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia; National Institutes of Health [DK-32094]; AusAID scholarship FX This work was supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia and the National Institutes of Health (grant DK-32094). The field component of this study was conducted as a collaboration between the Institute for Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Hanoi, Vietnam, and U. S. Naval Medical Research Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia, in accordance with U. S. Navy regulations governing the protection of human subjects in medical research. E. E. H. M. is a recipient of an AusAID scholarship. NR 33 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 77 IS 10 BP 4510 EP 4517 DI 10.1128/IAI.00360-09 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 496ER UT WOS:000269952800037 PM 19620342 ER PT J AU Rusk, DT Hoppe, W AF Rusk, D. T. Hoppe, W. TI Fatigue life prediction of corrosion-damaged high-strength steel using an equivalent stress riser (ESR) model Part I: Test development and results SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE LA English DT Article DE Corrosion fatigue; Fatigue initiation; Life prediction; Notches; Probabilistic analysis AB The fatigue life of metallic aircraft structural components can be significantly reduced by environmentally induced corrosion. As part of a NAVAIR High Strength Steel Corrosion-Fatigue Assessment Program, methods were studied to predict the impact that corrosion-induced surface roughness has on the fatigue life of high-strength steel aircraft components. In order to adequately capture the corrosion damage features that cause fatigue cracking, a representative set of well-characterized corrosion-fatigue test results were generated to be used for model development. The test specimens fabricated for this program consisted of bare, unnotched AF1410 steel flat plates with a 25.4 mm diameter corrosion patch on one side. Two sets of test specimens were fabricated and tested, with one set abrasive blasted after heat treatment, and the other set hand polished after heat treatment. A method of growing corrosion in the laboratory was developed that consisted of filter paper soaked in a 3.5% NaCl solution and placed at the center of the test plate gage section, with a voltage applied across the filter paper to accelerate corrosion growth. High-resolution 3D surface topography data was collected from the corroded region on each test plate prior to fatigue testing using a commercial white-light interference microscope. Constant-amplitude fatigue tests were performed on corroded and uncorroded test plates at several different stress levels, for three different corrosion exposure levels. Post-test fractographic analysis of the corroded specimens indicate that all of the critical cracks originated from small corrosion notches on the order of 10-200 mu m in width, 10-120 mu m in height and 2-100 mu m in depth. These notches were not considered to be pits in that the depth dimension was less than the surface dimensions. The repeatability of the fatigue initiating mechanism for corrosion damaged surfaces in this material indicates that it should be possible to develop a single modeling approach that reasonably captures the effects of corrosion notches in reducing fatigue life. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rusk, D. T.] USN, Struct Div, Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. [Hoppe, W.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45419 USA. RP Rusk, DT (reprint author), USN, Struct Div, Air Syst Command, Bldg 2187,Suite 2340A,48110 Shaw Rd,Unit 5, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. EM david.rusk@navy.mil NR 15 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-1123 J9 INT J FATIGUE JI Int. J. Fatigue PD OCT PY 2009 VL 31 IS 10 BP 1454 EP 1463 DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2009.05.006 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 487KA UT WOS:000269271100002 ER PT J AU Rusk, DT Hoppe, W Braisted, W Powar, N AF Rusk, D. T. Hoppe, W. Braisted, W. Powar, N. TI Fatigue life prediction of corrosion-damaged high-strength steel using an equivalent stress riser (ESR) model. Part II: Model development and results SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE LA English DT Article DE Corrosion fatigue; Fatigue initiation; Life prediction; Notches; Probabilistic analysis AB The fatigue life of metallic aircraft structural components can be significantly reduced by environmentally induced corrosion. However, there have historically been no analytical methods to quantify the specific fatigue life reduction of individual unfailed corroded components with any reasonable degree of confidence. As part of a NAVAIR high-strength steel corrosion-fatigue assessment program, methods were studied to predict the impact that corrosion-induced surface roughness has on the fatigue life of high-strength steel aircraft components. The steels of interest produce general corrosion in patches as well as localized material loss similar to pitting. In addition, this type of corrosion has characteristic features over a wide range of scales. Consequently, traditional finite element analysis approaches are not well suited to this problem, since the mesh required to accurately reflect the fine details distributed over the entire corrosion patch make computation unrealistic. Therefore, approximate methods were developed that allow localized regions of interest of high stress to be identified. Subsequently, a simple notch metric formula is employed to approximate the stress riser in these regions of interest. Finally, an extension of Peterson's fatigue notch sensitivity theory is applied to these small "notches" that has the result of suppressing the effect of smaller notches compared to larger notches in the prediction of life. Each region of interest is assigned a probability of crack initiation as a function of fatigue cycles, based on a probabilistic strain-life analysis using the predicted notch factor. The net life (to crack initiation) for the component is then the product of the survivabilities of all of the individual regions of interest on the component surface. Tests on corroded fatigue specimens have been conducted to both calibrate the parameters in the Peterson model as well as to test the life prediction capability of the approach. Predictions from the resulting model have demonstrated that an empirical approach to corrosion surface damage can be utilized to generate probabilistic life predictions that have substantial engineering value in assessing the residual fatigue life of corroded AF1410 steel components, and that the modeling technique can capture the significant corrosion features that cause fatigue cracking in most cases, especially for more severely corroded surfaces. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rusk, D. T.] USN, Struct Div, Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. [Hoppe, W.; Braisted, W.; Powar, N.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45419 USA. RP Rusk, DT (reprint author), USN, Struct Div, Air Syst Command, Bldg 2187,Suite 2340A,48110 Shaw Rd,Unit 5, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. EM david.rusk@navy.mil NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-1123 J9 INT J FATIGUE JI Int. J. Fatigue PD OCT PY 2009 VL 31 IS 10 BP 1464 EP 1475 DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2009.06.008 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 487KA UT WOS:000269271100003 ER PT J AU Garg, P Alvarado, JL Marsh, C Carlson, TA Kessler, DA Annamalai, K AF Garg, Paritosh Alvarado, Jorge L. Marsh, Charles Carlson, Thomas A. Kessler, David A. Annamalai, Kalyan TI An experimental study on the effect of ultrasonication on viscosity and heat transfer performance of multi-wall carbon nanotube-based aqueous nanofluids SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE Convective heat transfer; Nanofluids; Multi-walled; Carbon nanotubes; Thermal conductivity; Viscosity; Heat transfer enhancement; Non-Newtonian fluid; TEM ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY ENHANCEMENT; LAMINAR-FLOW; SUSPENSIONS; PARTICLES; FLUIDS; WATER AB Four samples of 1 wt% multi-walled carbon nanotube-based (MWCNT) aqueous nanofluids prepared via ultrasonication were thermally characterized. Direct imaging was done using a newly developed wet-TEM technique to assess the dispersion state of carbon nanotubes (CNT) in suspension. The effect of dispersing energy (ultrasonication) on viscosity, thermal conductivity, and the laminar convective heat transfer was studied. Results indicate that thermal conductivity and heat transfer enhancement increased until an optimum ultrasonication time was reached, and decreased on further ultrasonication. The suspensions exhibited a shear thinning behavior, which followed the Power Law viscosity model. The maximum enhancements in thermal conductivity and convective heat transfer were found to be 20% and 32%, respectively. The thermal conductivity enhancement increased considerably at temperatures greater than 24 degrees C. The enhancement in convective heat transfer was found to increase with axial distance. A number of mechanisms related to boundary layer thickness, micro-convective effect, particle rearrangement, possible induced convective effects due to temperature and viscosity variations in the radial direction, and the non-Newtonian nature of the samples are discussed. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Alvarado, Jorge L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Engn Technol & Ind Distribut, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Garg, Paritosh; Annamalai, Kalyan] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Marsh, Charles; Carlson, Thomas A.] USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. [Marsh, Charles] Dept Nucl Plasma & Radiol Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kessler, David A.] USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Alvarado, JL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Engn Technol & Ind Distribut, 117 Thompson Hall,3367 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM alvarado@entc.tamu.edu OI Alvarado, Jorge/0000-0002-4059-6588 FU National Science Foundation; SBIR/STTR; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers FX The authors express their deepest thanks to Alex Hays and Ryan Franks of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Construction Engineering Research Laboratory: Guillermo Soriano and Landon Sommer from Texas A&M University: Professor B. Jones of the Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering Department, and Jianguo Wen, Dongxiang Liao of the Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign for their Support. The project was supported by the National Science Foundation, SBIR/STTR program, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. NR 32 TC 187 Z9 188 U1 5 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0017-9310 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 52 IS 21-22 BP 5090 EP 5101 DI 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2009.04.029 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 498SS UT WOS:000270164200047 ER PT J AU Christodoulou, J AF Christodoulou, Julie TI Dynamic 3-Dimensional Digital Structure: A Program Review SO JOM LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Off Naval Res, Naval Mat Div, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Christodoulou, J (reprint author), Off Naval Res, Naval Mat Div, 875 N Randolph St,Suite 1475,Code 332, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. EM julie.christodoulou@navy.mil NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD OCT PY 2009 VL 61 IS 10 BP 21 EP 21 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 504RD UT WOS:000270633900004 ER PT J AU Robandt, PV Klette, KL Sibum, M AF Robandt, P. V. Klette, K. L. Sibum, M. TI Automated Solid-Phase Extraction-Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis of 11-nor-Delta(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol-9-Carboxylic Acid in Human Urine Specimens: Application to a High-Throughput Urine Analysis Laboratory SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID THC-COOH; BENZOYLECGONINE; QUANTIFICATION C1 [Robandt, P. V.; Klette, K. L.] USN, Drug Screening Lab, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Sibum, M.] Spark Holland, NL-7825 VE Emmen, Netherlands. RP Robandt, PV (reprint author), USN, Drug Screening Lab, 34425 Farenholt Ave,Bldg 26-2B,Suite 40, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 7 PU PRESTON PUBL INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 33 IS 8 BP 456 EP 460 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 502ZN UT WOS:000270500000008 PM 19874652 ER PT J AU Li, Q Farmer, DM Duda, TF Ramp, S AF Li, Qiang Farmer, David M. Duda, Timothy F. Ramp, Steve TI Acoustical Measurement of Nonlinear Internal Waves Using the Inverted Echo Sounder SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEA-SURFACE; AMBIENT NOISE; OCEAN; SCATTERING; RANGE; FLUCTUATIONS AB The performance of pressure sensor-equipped inverted echo sounders for monitoring nonlinear internal waves is examined. The inverted echo sounder measures the round-trip acoustic travel time from the sea floor to the sea surface and thus acquires vertically integrated information on the thermal structure, from which the first baroclinic mode of thermocline motion may be inferred. This application of the technology differs from previous uses in that the wave period (similar to 30 min) is short, requiring a more rapid transmission rate and a different approach to the analysis. Sources of error affecting instrument performance include tidal effects, barotropic adjustment to internal waves, ambient acoustic noise, and sea surface roughness. The latter two effects are explored with a simulation that includes surface wave reconstruction, acoustic scattering based on the Kirchhoff approximation, wind-generated noise, sound propagation, and the instrument's signal processing circuitry. Bias is introduced as a function of wind speed, but the simulation provides a basis for bias correction. The assumption that the waves do not significantly affect the mean stratification allows for a focus on the dynamic response. Model calculations are compared with observations in the South China Sea by using nearby temperature measurements to provide a test of instrument performance. After applying corrections for ambient noise and surface roughness effects, the inverted echo sounder exhibits an RMS variability of approximately 4 m in the estimated depth of the eigenfunction maximum in the wind speed range 0 <= U(10) <= 10 m s(-1). This uncertainty may be compared with isopycnal excursions for nonlinear internal waves of 100 m, showing that the observational approach is effective for measurements of nonlinear internal waves in this environment. C1 [Li, Qiang; Farmer, David M.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Duda, Timothy F.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Ramp, Steve] USN, Grad Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Farmer, DM (reprint author), 215 S Ferry Rd, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM dfarmer@gso.uri.edu RI Duda, Timothy/A-7282-2010 OI Duda, Timothy/0000-0002-5797-5955 FU National Taiwan University; ONR Nonlinear Wave Program [N0014-05-1-0286] FX We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of many individuals in this project. We thank Erran Sousa for his help in deployment and recovery of the instruments; Gerard Chaplin for modifications to the instrument setup; Randolph Watts, Jae-Hun Park, and Mark Wimbush for many helpful discussions; and an anonymous referee for comments. A version of the Turkington code was kindly made available to Lis by Dr. Frank Henyey, University of Washington. Georges Dossot and James Miller provided valuable computing support, and the crews of the R/V Melville and RN OR1 assisted us with operations at sea. We are especially grateful to David Tang of the Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, for making the OR1 available to us. This project was supported by the ONR Nonlinear Wave Program under Contract N0014-05-1-0286. NR 37 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 9 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 26 IS 10 BP 2228 EP 2242 DI 10.1175/2009JTECHO652.1 PG 15 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 506ZE UT WOS:000270817600018 ER PT J AU Lastovicka, J Akmaev, RA Emmert, JT AF Lastovicka, J. Akmaev, R. A. Emmert, J. T. TI Long-term changes and trends in the upper atmosphere-An introduction SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID GLOBAL CHANGE; IONOSPHERE C1 [Lastovicka, J.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Atmospher Phys, Prague 14131, Czech Republic. [Akmaev, R. A.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Emmert, J. T.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lastovicka, J (reprint author), Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Atmospher Phys, Bocni 2, Prague 14131, Czech Republic. EM jla@ufa.cas.cz RI Lastovicka, Jan/H-6804-2014 OI Lastovicka, Jan/0000-0002-1454-3183 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1364-6826 J9 J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY JI J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 71 IS 14-15 BP 1511 EP 1513 DI 10.1016/j.jastp.2009.06.007 PG 3 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 504HS UT WOS:000270607400001 ER PT J AU Lombard, PN McClatchey, SK Borges, OA AF Lombard, Peter N. McClatchey, Scott K. Borges, Octavio A. TI Intraocular lens power requirements for humanitarian missions SO JOURNAL OF CATARACT AND REFRACTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Cataract, IOL and Refractive Surgery CY APR 03-08, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA SP ASCRS ID EXTRACAPSULAR CATARACT-EXTRACTION; AUCKLAND CATARACT; IMPLANTATION; OUTCOMES; BLINDNESS AB PURPOSE: To develop a generalized method to determine an optimum set of intraocular lens (IOL) powers for humanitarian missions. SETTING: Humanitarian missions to Central America, South America, and Southeast Asia. METHODS: Biometric data of adults who had cataract surgery on 2 humanitarian missions were reviewed, and the ideal emmetropic IOL power for each eye was calculated. Using statistical modeling, the number of extra IOLs required at each power to account for natural variation inherent in random population samples was calculated. To limit the total number of IOLs and maximize availability of suitable IOLs for each patient, a tolerance strategy for choosing IOL powers was developed and the ideal proportion of extra IOLs required at each power was empirically determined. RESULTS: Data of 103 patients were reviewed. The mean IOL power was 20.38 diopters (D) +/- 2.32 (SD). Applying a tolerance strategy to accept IOLs with powers 0.5 D below or 1.0 D above the emmetropic IOL power, the number of extra IOLs required at each power was decreased to a fraction of the fourth root of the number of eyes anticipated to require that IOL power. The model predicted that with this strategy, fewer than 2% of all patients would be rejected due to lack of an IOL with a suitable power. CONCLUSIONS: The spreadsheet-based IOL power prediction model calculated an ideal distribution of IOLs to order for humanitarian cataract surgery. It is generalizable to missions of any size and should help planners minimize costs while ensuring excellent refractive outcomes. C1 [Lombard, Peter N.; McClatchey, Scott K.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Borges, Octavio A.] USN, Hosp Newport, Newport, RI USA. [McClatchey, Scott K.] Loma Linda Univ, Med Ctr, Loma Linda, CA USA. [McClatchey, Scott K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Lombard, PN (reprint author), 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 202, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM peter.lombard@med.navy.mil NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0886-3350 J9 J CATARACT REFR SURG JI J. Cataract. Refract. Surg. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 35 IS 10 BP 1734 EP 1738 DI 10.1016/j.jcrs.2009.05.029 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA 508GI UT WOS:000270917300015 PM 19781468 ER PT J AU Shinoda, T Lin, JL AF Shinoda, Toshiaki Lin, Jialin TI Interannual Variability of the Upper Ocean in the Southeast Pacific Stratus Cloud Region SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL WESTERN PACIFIC; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; INDIAN OCEANS; INTRASEASONAL VARIABILITY; SOLAR-RADIATION; HEAT-BUDGET; IMPACT; FLUXES AB Persistent stratus/stratocumulus cloud decks in the southeast Pacific near the coasts of Peru and northern Chile play an important role in regional and global climate variability. Interannual variability of the upper ocean under stratus cloud decks in the southeast Pacific is investigated using ocean general circulation model (OGCM) experiments. The model was first forced with daily surface fluxes based on the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis and satellite-derived surface shortwave and longwave radiation for the period of 1979-2004. Gridded surface heat flux estimates used in the model integration agree well with those based on Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Improved Meteorology (IMET) buoy measurements at 20 degrees S, 85 degrees W. Also, the OGCM is able to reproduce well the observed interannual SST and sea surface height variations in this region. The results suggest that the interannual variation of the upper ocean north of 20 degrees S is mostly associated with ENSO variability. Additional model experiments were conducted to examine the relative importance of ocean dynamics and surface heat fluxes in determining the interannual variation in SST. The results of these experiments indicate that upper-ocean dynamics play a dominant role in controlling the interannual variation of SST north of 20 degrees S in the stratus cloud region. The upper-ocean heat budget analysis shows that meridional heat advection associated with ENSO events primarily controls the interannual SST variation in the stratus cloud region north of 20 degrees S. C1 [Shinoda, Toshiaki] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Lin, Jialin] Ohio State Univ, Dept Geog, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Shinoda, T (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM toshiaki.shinoda@nrlssc.navy.mil RI Shinoda, Toshiaki/J-3745-2016 OI Shinoda, Toshiaki/0000-0003-1416-2206 FU NOAA Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research; Computational and Information Systems Laboratory; NSF [OCE-0453046, ATM-0745897, ATM-0745872]; Office of Naval Research (ONR) [601153N]; NASA Modeling, Analysis and Prediction (MAP) Program; [NA17RJ1223]; [NA17RJ1224]; [NA17RJ1225] FX Data from the Stratus Ocean Reference Station were made available by Dr. Robert Weller of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; these data were collected with support from the PanAmerican Climate Study and Climate Observation Programs of the Office of Global Programs, NOAA Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, Grants NA17RJ1223, NA17RJ1224, and NA17RJ1225. TOPEX data are obtained from the Center for Space Research, University of Texas at Austin. This work was supported in part by a grant from the Computational and Information Systems Laboratory at NCAR. Constructive comments by two reviewers helped improve the original draft of this paper. Toshiaki Shinoda is supported by NSF Grants OCE-0453046 and ATM-0745897, and the 6.1 project Global Remote Littoral Forcing via Deep Water Pathways sponsored by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) under program element 601153N. Jialin Lin is supported by NSF Grant ATM-0745872 and NASA Modeling, Analysis and Prediction (MAP) Program. NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 22 IS 19 BP 5072 EP 5088 DI 10.1175/2009JCLI2696.1 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 501ZL UT WOS:000270423300007 ER PT J AU Lu, MM Chang, CP AF Lu, Mong-Ming Chang, Chih-Pei TI Unusual Late-Season Cold Surges during the 2005 Asian Winter Monsoon: Roles of Atlantic Blocking and the Central Asian Anticyclone SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID CASPIAN PATTERN NCP; NORTH-ATLANTIC; INTRASEASONAL AMPLIFICATION; ATMOSPHERIC BLOCKING; ARCTIC OSCILLATION; REGIONAL CLIMATE; TELECONNECTION; CIRCULATION; HEMISPHERE; FORECASTS AB The highest frequency of late-winter cold-air outbreaks in East and Southeast Asia over 50 years was recorded in 2005, when three strong successive cold surges occurred in the South China Sea within a span of 30 days from mid-February to mid-March. These events also coincided with the first break of 18 consecutive warm winters over China. The strong pulsation of the surface Siberian Mongolia high (SMH) that triggered these events was found to result from the confluence of several events. To the east, a strong Pacific blocking with three pulses of westward extension intensified the stationary East Asian major trough to create a favorable condition for cold-air outbreaks. To the west, the dominance of the Atlantic blocking and an anomalous deepened trough in the Scandinavian/Barents Sea region provided the source of a succession of Rossby wave activity fluxes for the downstream development. An upper-level central Asian anticyclone that is often associated with a stronger SMH was anomalously strong and provided additional forcing. In terms of the persistence and strength, this central Asian anticyclone was correlated with the Arctic Oscillation (AO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) only when SMH is weak (warm winters). During strong SMH seasons (cold winters) the correlation vanishes. However, during late winter 2005 the central Asian anticyclone was strengthened by the Atlantic blocking through both the downstream wave activities and a circulation change that affected the Atlantic and west Asian jets. As a result, the period from mid-February to mid-March of 2005 stands out as a record-breaking period in the Asian winter monsoon. C1 [Lu, Mong-Ming] Cent Weather Bur, Taipei 100, Taiwan. [Chang, Chih-Pei] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Chang, Chih-Pei] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Lu, MM (reprint author), Cent Weather Bur, 64 Gongyuan Rd, Taipei 100, Taiwan. EM lu@rdc.cwb.gov.tw FU Central Weather Bureau; Severe Weather Monitoring and Forecasting System Development Project; National Science Council of the Republic of China [NSC97-2625-M-052-008, NSC97-2111-M-002-017MY3] FX We wish to thank Professor R. L. Haney of the Naval Postgraduate School for reading the manuscript. This study was supported in part by the Central Weather Bureau under the Climate Variation and Severe Weather Monitoring and Forecasting System Development Project and the National Science Council of the Republic of China under Grants NSC97-2625-M-052-008 to CWB and NSC97-2111-M-002-017MY3 to National Taiwan University. NR 47 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 22 IS 19 BP 5205 EP 5217 DI 10.1175/2009JCLI2935.1 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 501ZL UT WOS:000270423300015 ER PT J AU Satter, EK AF Satter, Elizabeth K. TI Solitary superficial angiomyxoma: an infrequent but distinct soft tissue tumor SO JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS; AGGRESSIVE ANGIOMYXOMA; PREDILECTION; RECURRENCE; NEOPLASM; MYXOMA; REGION AB Satter EK. Solitary superficial angiomyxoma: an infrequent but distinct soft tissue tumor. C1 [Satter, Elizabeth K.] USN, Dept Dermatol, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Satter, Elizabeth K.] USN, Dept Pathol, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Satter, EK (reprint author), USN, Dept Dermatol, Med Ctr, 34520 Bob Wilson Dr Suite 300, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM elizabeth.satter@med.navy.mil NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0303-6987 J9 J CUTAN PATHOL JI J. Cutan. Pathol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 36 BP 56 EP 59 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2008.01216.x PG 4 WC Dermatology; Pathology SC Dermatology; Pathology GA 496LT UT WOS:000269976300013 PM 19187115 ER PT J AU Choe, CH L'Esperance, JO Auge, BK AF Choe, Chong H. L'Esperance, James O. Auge, Brian K. TI The Use of Adjunctive Hemostatic Agents for Tubeless Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy SO JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEPHROSTOMY TUBE; FIBRIN SEALANT; RENAL SURGERY; LARGE-BORE; STANDARD AB Tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a viable option for selected patients, particularly those with solitary calculi, multiple stones located in a single location, or those that can be accessed using one access tract. Benefits over the standard PCNL include reduced hospital stay, decreased pain, and decreased urine leak from the access site that would typically occur from around the nephrostomy tube. Hemostatic agents in the form of fibrin "glue'' or gelatin matrix substances have been demonstrated to be safe and effective to augment the tubeless procedure. The most appropriate sealant agent available is yet to be determined. We present a review of the contemporary literature on the use of hemostatic agents for tubeless PCNL. C1 [Choe, Chong H.; L'Esperance, James O.; Auge, Brian K.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Auge, BK (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Urol, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM brian.auge@med.navy.mil NR 29 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0892-7790 J9 J ENDOUROL JI J. Endourol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 23 IS 10 BP 1733 EP 1738 DI 10.1089/end.2009.1543 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 504FL UT WOS:000270601100033 PM 19785556 ER PT J AU Levine, ER Goodman, L O'Donnell, J AF Levine, Edward R. Goodman, Louis O'Donnell, James TI Turbulence in coastal fronts near the mouths of Block Island and Long Island Sounds SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT American-Geophysical-Union Meeting on Ocean Sciences CY FEB 20-24, 2006 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Geophys Union DE Turbulence; Fronts; Finestructure; Mixing processes; Coastal; Autonomous underwater vehicle; USA, New York, Long Island Sound; USA, Rhode Island, Block Island Sound; USA, Connecticut, Connecticut River ID RIVER PLUME; DISCHARGES; STABILITY; ENERGY; MODEL; LAYER; FATE AB Measurements of turbulence were performed in four frontal locations near the mouths of Block Island Sound (BIS) and Long Island Sound (LIS). These measurements extend from the offshore front associated with BIS and Mid-Atlantic Bight Shelf water, to the onshore fronts near the Montauk Point (MK) headland, and the Connecticut River plume front. The latter feature is closely associated with the major fresh water input to LIS. Turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) dissipation rate, epsilon, was obtained using shear probes mounted on an autonomous underwater vehicle. Offshore, the BIS estuarine outflow front showed, during spring season and ebb tide, maximum TKE dissipation rate, epsilon, estimates of order 10(-5) W/kg, with background values of order 10(-6) to 10(-9) W/kg. Edwards et al. [Edwards, C.A., Fake, T.A., and Bogden, P.S., 2004a. Spring-summer frontogenesis at the mouth of Block Island Sound: 1. A numerical investigation into tidal and buoyancy-forced motion. Journal of Geophysical Research 109 (C12021), doi:10.1029/2003JC002132.] model this front as the boundary of a tidally driven, baroclinically adjusted BIS flow around the MK headland eddy. At the entrance to BIS, near MK, two additional fronts are observed, one of which was over sand waves. For the headland site front east of MK, without sand waves, during ebb tide, e estimates of 10(-5) to 10(-6) W/kg were observed. The model shows that this front is at the northern end of an anti-cyclonic headland eddy, and within a region of strong tidal mixing. For the headland site front further northeast over sand waves, maximum c estimates were of order 10(-4) W/kg within a background of order 10(-7)-10(-6) W/kg. From the model, this front is at the northeastern edge of the anti-cyclonic headland eddy and within the tidal mixing zone. For the Connecticut River plume front, a surface trapped plume, during ebb tide, maximum epsilon estimates of 10(-5) W/kg were obtained, within a background of 10(-6) to 10(-8) W/kg. Of all four fronts, the river plume front has the largest finescale meansquare shear, S(2)similar to 0.15 s(-2). All of the frontal locations had local values of the buoyancy Reynolds number indicating strong isotropic turbulence at the dissipation scales. Local values of the Froude number indicated shear instability in all of the fronts. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Levine, Edward R.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Autonomous Syst Dept, Newport Div, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Goodman, Louis] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, New Bedford, MA USA. [O'Donnell, James] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Studies, Groton, CT 06340 USA. RP Levine, ER (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Autonomous Syst Dept, Newport Div, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM edward.levine@navy.mil; lgoodman@umassd.edu; james.odonnell@uconn.edu NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-7963 J9 J MARINE SYST JI J. Mar. Syst. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 78 IS 3 BP 476 EP 488 DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2009.02.005 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 505MI UT WOS:000270697300013 ER PT J AU Stoker, D AF Stoker, Donald TI Jomini Meant "Grand Tactics," Not "Operational Art" SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USN, War Coll, Monterey Program, Monterey, CA USA. RP Stoker, D (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Monterey Program, Monterey, CA USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 73 IS 4 BP 1278 EP 1285 PG 8 WC History SC History GA 503TP UT WOS:000270563400009 ER PT J AU Moran, D AF Moran, Daniel TI If Mahan Ran the Great Pacific War. An Analysis of World War H Naval Strategy SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Moran, Daniel] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Moran, D (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 73 IS 4 BP 1296 EP 1297 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 503TP UT WOS:000270563400013 ER PT J AU Hattendorf, JB AF Hattendorf, John B. TI The Development of British Naval Thinking: Essays in Memory of Bryan Ranft. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Hattendorf, John B.] USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA. RP Hattendorf, JB (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 73 IS 4 BP 1332 EP 1334 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 503TP UT WOS:000270563400037 ER PT J AU Corvi, SJ AF Corvi, Steven J. TI Doctrine and Reform in the British Cavalry, 1880-1918. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Corvi, Steven J.] USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA. RP Corvi, SJ (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 73 IS 4 BP 1348 EP 1349 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 503TP UT WOS:000270563400047 ER PT J AU Sarantakes, NE AF Sarantakes, Nicholas Evan TI Naval Warfare, 1919-1945: An Operational History of the Volatile War at Sea SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Sarantakes, Nicholas Evan] USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA. RP Sarantakes, NE (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 73 IS 4 BP 1364 EP 1365 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 503TP UT WOS:000270563400059 ER PT J AU Hartings, JA Watanabe, T Dreier, JP Major, S Vendelbo, L Fabricius, M AF Hartings, Jed A. Watanabe, Tomas Dreier, Jens P. Major, Sebastian Vendelbo, Leif Fabricius, Martin TI Recovery of Slow Potentials in AC-Coupled Electrocorticography: Application to Spreading Depolarizations in Rat and Human Cerebral Cortex SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CORTICAL DEPRESSION; FOCAL ISCHEMIA; HUMAN BRAIN; EEG; INVERSE; SHIFTS; K+ AB Hartings JA, Watanabe T, Dreier JP, Major S, Vendelbo L, Fabricius M. Recovery of slow potentials in AC-coupled electrocorticography: application to spreading depolarizations in rat and human cerebral cortex. J Neurophysiol 102: 2563-2575, 2009. First published June 3, 2009; doi:10.1152/jn.00345.2009. Cortical spreading depolarizations ( spreading depressions and peri-infarct depolarizations) are a pathology intrinsic to acute brain injury, generating large negative extracellular slow potential changes (SPCs) that, lasting on the order of minutes, are studied with DC-coupled recordings in animals. The spreading SPCs of depolarization waves are observed in human cortex with AC-coupled electrocorticography (ECoG), although SPC morphology is distorted by the high-pass filter stage of the amplifiers. Here, we present a signal processing method to reverse these distortions and recover approximate full-band waveforms from AC-coupled recordings. We constructed digital filters that reproduced the phase and amplitude distortions introduced by specific AC-coupled amplifiers and, based on this characterization, derived digital inverse filters to remove these distortions from ECoG recordings. Performance of the inverse filter was validated by its ability to recover both simulated and real low-frequency input test signals. The inverse filter was then applied to AC-coupled ECoG recordings from five patients who underwent invasive monitoring after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. For 117 SPCs, the inverse filter recovered full-band waveforms with morphologic characteristics typical of the negative DC shifts recorded in animals. Compared with those recorded in the rat cortex with the same analog and digital methods, the negative DC shifts of human depolarizations had significantly greater durations (1:47 vs. 0:45 min:sec) and peak-to-peak amplitudes (10.1 vs. 4.2 mV). The inverse filter thus permits the study of spreading depolarizations in humans, using the same assessment of full-band DC potentials as that in animals, and suggests a particular solution for recovery of biosignals recorded with frequency-limited amplifiers. C1 [Hartings, Jed A.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Washington, DC USA. [Watanabe, Tomas] USN, Med Res Ctr, Undersea Med Dept, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Dreier, Jens P.; Major, Sebastian] Charite, Ctr Stroke Res, D-13353 Berlin, Germany. [Vendelbo, Leif; Fabricius, Martin] Glostrup Cty Hosp, Dept Clin Neurophysiol, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Hartings, JA (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Neurosurg, 260 Stetson St,Suite 2200, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. EM jed.hartings@uc.edu OI Dreier, Jens/0000-0001-7459-2828; Major, Sebastian/0000-0003-0970-1308 FU U.S. Department of Defense; German Research Foundation [SFB Tr3 D10, DR 323/3-1]; Novo Nordisk Foundation FX This work was funded by U.S. Department of Defense grants to J. A. Hartings and T. Watanabe, German Research Foundation Grants SFB Tr3 D10 and DR 323/3-1 to J. Dreier, and a Novo Nordisk Foundation grant to M. Fabricius. The views of the authors do not purport or reflect the position of the Department of the Army, Department of the Navy, or the Department of Defense (para. 4-3, AR 360-5). NR 40 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3077 EI 1522-1598 J9 J NEUROPHYSIOL JI J. Neurophysiol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 102 IS 4 BP 2563 EP 2575 DI 10.1152/jn.00345.2009 PG 13 WC Neurosciences; Physiology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 508LG UT WOS:000270932000047 PM 19494192 ER PT J AU Smith, TC AF Smith, Tyler C. CA Millennium Cohort Study Team TI The US Department of Defense Millennium Cohort Study: Career Span and Beyond Longitudinal Follow-Up SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; MILITARY SERVICE MEMBERS; MENTAL-HEALTH PROBLEMS; SMALLPOX VACCINATION; ANTHRAX VACCINATION; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; COMBAT DEPLOYMENT; VETERANS HEALTH; BIRTH-DEFECTS; PRIME-MD AB Objective: To describe current and future career-span health research in the US Department of Defense Millennium Cohort Study. Methods: Collaborating with all military service branches and the Department of Veterans Affairs, the Millennium Cohort Study launched in 2001, before September 11 and the start of deployments in Afghanistan and Iraq, to conduct coordinated strategic research to determine an effects of military occupational and deployment-related exposures, on long-term health. Results: More than 150,000 consenting members represent demographic, occupational, military, and health characteristics of the US military. More than 70% of the first two panels have submitted follow-up questionnaires and >50% have deployed since 2001. Conclusions: Prospective cohort data have identified subgroups of military populations at higher risk or more resilient to decrements in mental and physical health. Continued career span and beyond follow-up will answer long-term health questions related to military service. (J Occup Environ Med. 2009;51:1193-1201) C1 [Smith, Tyler C.; Millennium Cohort Study Team] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Smith, TC (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM tyler.c.smith@med.navy.mil NR 51 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 51 IS 10 BP 1193 EP 1201 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181b73146 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 506AZ UT WOS:000270746100011 PM 19786902 ER PT J AU O'Reilly, EB Montenegro, B Arnold, J Tomita, S AF O'Reilly, Eamon B. Montenegro, Brian Arnold, John Tomita, Sandra TI Infant botulism mimicking Hirschprung's disease SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY LA English DT Article DE Infant botulism; Colonic ileus; Hirschsprung's disease; Megacolon; Clostridium botulinum AB We report a case of infant botulism presenting as primary colonic ileus-mimicking Hirschprung's megacolon. Infant botulism should be considered in any infant with constipation and neurologic abnormalities. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [O'Reilly, Eamon B.; Tomita, Sandra] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Div Pediat Surg, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Montenegro, Brian; Arnold, John] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Tomita, S (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM sandra.tomita@med.navy.mil OI , Sandra/0000-0002-5472-9361 NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0022-3468 J9 J PEDIATR SURG JI J. Pediatr. Surg. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 44 IS 10 BP E5 EP E7 DI 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2009.06.024 PG 3 WC Pediatrics; Surgery SC Pediatrics; Surgery GA 513OG UT WOS:000271331700042 PM 19853738 ER PT J AU Demoranville, LT Knies, DL Grabowski, KS Mignerey, AC AF Demoranville, L. T. Knies, D. L. Grabowski, K. S. Mignerey, A. C. TI Testing of mass filtered, time dilated, time-of-flight mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Secondary ion mass spectrometry; Accelerator mass spectrometry; Time-of-flight; Mass resolution; Duty cycle; Actinide analysis ID PRETZEL MAGNET; PARTICLES AB The Naval Research Laboratory's Trace Element AMS system's use of a Pretzel magnet as a recombinator and mass filter offers a unique opportunity to study a new type of time-of-flight (TOF) spectrometry. Mass filtering prior to TOF analysis removes extraneous species, shortening the analysis time for a single beam pulse, thereby improving the duty cycle. Time dilation results from a longer flight path for a heavier mass in the Pretzel magnet. Computer TOF simulations of these factors and the resulting impact on mass resolution for high mass atomic and molecular species are discussed. Initial measurements of carbon and silicon to confirm the validity of the model are presented. C1 [Knies, D. L.; Grabowski, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Demoranville, L. T.; Mignerey, A. C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Knies, DL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6303,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ldemoran@umd.edu; david.knies@nrl.navy.mil; kenneth.grabowski@nrl.navy.mil; mignerey@umd.edu RI Mignerey, Alice/D-6623-2011; OI Grabowski, Kenneth/0000-0003-0816-001X FU Office of Naval Research; Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency through its Basic Research for Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction Program. The NRL-TEAMS facility is maintained through the work of Dr. C. Cetina, Mr. C. Kennedy, Mr. V. Cestone, and Mr. B. Renfro. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 282 IS 1 BP 305 EP 308 DI 10.1007/s10967-009-0260-y PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 509OM UT WOS:000271027400058 ER PT J AU Kelly, JF McGough, RJ AF Kelly, James F. McGough, Robert J. TI Fractal ladder models and power law wave equations SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SOFT BIOLOGICAL TISSUES; FREQUENCY-DEPENDENCE; VISCOELASTIC SYSTEMS; FRACTIONAL CALCULUS; PULSE-PROPAGATION; MEDIA; ATTENUATION; ULTRASOUND; REPRESENTATION; DISPERSION AB The ultrasonic attenuation coefficient in mammalian tissue is approximated by a frequency-dependent power law for frequencies less than 100 MHz. To describe this power law behavior in soft tissue, a hierarchical fractal network model is proposed. The viscoelastic and self-similar properties of tissue are captured by a constitutive equation based on a lumped parameter infinite-ladder topology involving alternating springs and dashpots. In the low-frequency limit, this ladder network yields a stress-strain constitutive equation with a time-fractional derivative. By combining this constitutive equation with linearized conservation principles and an adiabatic equation of state, a fractional partial differential equation that describes power law attenuation is derived. The resulting attenuation coefficient is a power law with exponent ranging between 1 and 2, while the phase velocity is in agreement with the Kramers-Kronig relations. The fractal ladder model is compared to published attenuation coefficient data, thus providing equivalent lumped parameters. (C) 2009 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3204304] C1 [Kelly, James F.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [McGough, Robert J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Kelly, JF (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jfkelly@nps.edu FU NIH [IR21 CA121235]; NRC Postdoctoral Associateship program FX The authors thank Mark M. Meerschaert, Department of Statistics and Probability, Michigan State University, and Stephen W. Wheatcraft, Department of Geological Sciences and Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, for useful discussion and advice. The drawings in Fig. I were prepared by Amy Albin, Department of Zoology, Michigan State University. Figures 3-5 were prepared by Christopher Johnson, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University. This work was funded in part by NIH Grant No. IR21 CA121235 J.F.K. also acknowledges support from the NRC Postdoctoral Associateship program. NR 58 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 14 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 126 IS 4 BP 2072 EP 2081 DI 10.1121/1.3204304 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 506MJ UT WOS:000270778600038 PM 19813816 ER PT J AU Yavlovich, A Singh, A Tarasov, S Capala, J Blumenthal, R Puri, A AF Yavlovich, Amichai Singh, Alok Tarasov, Sergey Capala, Jacek Blumenthal, Robert Puri, Anu TI Design of liposomes containing photopolymerizable phospholipids for triggered release of contents SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY LA English DT Article DE Polymerizable lipids; Lipid packing; Triggered drug release; Diacetylene phospholipids; Light-sensitive liposomes; Lipid modification; Phase separation ID POLYMERIZABLE LIPID BILAYERS; THERMOTROPIC PHASE-BEHAVIOR; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; ACYL CHAINS; PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINES; MEMBRANES; MIXTURES; MONOLAYERS; VESICLES; DELIVERY AB We describe a novel class of light-triggerable liposomes prepared from a photo-polymerizable phospholipid DC(8,9)PC (1,2-bis (tricosa-10,12-diynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) and DPPC (1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphocholine). Exposure to UV (254 nm) radiation for 0-45 min at 25 A degrees C resulted in photo-polymerization of DC(8,9)PC in these liposomes and the release of an encapsulated fluorescent dye (calcein). Kinetics and extents of calcein release correlated with mol% of DC(8,9)PC in the liposomes. Photopolymerization and calcein release occurred only from DPPC/DC(8,9)PC but not from Egg PC/DC(8,9)PC liposomes. Our data indicate that phase separation and packing of polymerizable lipids in the liposome bilayer are major determinants of photo-activation and triggered contents release. C1 [Yavlovich, Amichai; Blumenthal, Robert; Puri, Anu] NCI, Membrane Struct & Funct Sect, Ctr Canc Res Nanobiol Program, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Singh, Alok] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Tarasov, Sergey] NCI, Struct Biophys Lab, Ctr Canc Res, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Capala, Jacek] NCI, Ctr Canc Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Puri, A (reprint author), NCI, Membrane Struct & Funct Sect, Ctr Canc Res Nanobiol Program, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM apuri@helix.nih.gov FU NIH; National Cancer Institute; Center for Cancer Research; NCI Alliance for Nanotechnology FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research and NCI Alliance for Nanotechnology (Piotr Grodzinski). We would like to thank Dr. Julie M. Belanger for critical reading of the manuscript. NR 25 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-6150 J9 J THERM ANAL CALORIM JI J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 98 IS 1 BP 97 EP 104 DI 10.1007/s10973-009-0228-8 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 512WI UT WOS:000271282000013 PM 20160877 ER PT J AU Hawksworth, JS Elster, EA Fryer, D Sheppard, F Morthole, V Krishnamurthy, G Tomori, T Brown, TS Tadaki, DK AF Hawksworth, J. S. Elster, E. A. Fryer, D. Sheppard, F. Morthole, V. Krishnamurthy, G. Tomori, T. Brown, T. S. Tadaki, D. K. TI Off-label use of recombinant factor VIIa for treatment of haemorrhage: results from randomized clinical trials SO JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Article DE hemostatic agent; liver injury; lyophilization; platelets; swine; uncontrolled hemorrhage ID VON-WILLEBRAND-FACTOR; REHYDRATED LYOPHILIZED PLATELETS; LR MODULATES HYPERCOAGULABILITY; INCREASED BLOOD-LOSS; SHOCK SWINE MODEL; VONWILLEBRAND-FACTOR; TRAUMA DEATHS; RESUSCITATION; PRESERVATION; XENOTRANSPLANTATION AB Introduction: Human lyophilized platelets hold promise as a novel hemostatic infusion agent for the control of traumatic hemorrhage. Rehydrated, lyophilized platelets (Stasix) were investigated as an infusible hemostatic agent in experimental non-compressible hemorrhage, using a porcine liver injury model. Methods: Yorkshire swine underwent a grade III liver injury and uncontrolled bleeding. After 15 min, animals were infused with Stasix (n = 10) or normal saline vehicle (n = 10). At 2 h, the liver was repaired, and the animals were monitored for another4 h. Resuscitation, including blood transfusion, was administered during the hospital phase. Laboratory data, including arterial blood gas, complete blood count, thromboelastography (TEG), and coagulation parameters, were collected. All animals underwent necropsy with complete histopathologic examination. Results: Overall survival in the Stasix group [8/10 (80%)] was significantly higher than in the control group [2/10 (20%)] (P = 0.023). Mean total blood loss index (g kg-1) was lower in Stasix-treated animals (22.2 +/- 3.5) than in control animals (34.7 +/- 3.4) (P = 0.019). Hemodynamic parameters were improved in the Stasix group, and a trend towards higher hemoglobin and lower lactate was observed. Coagulation and TEG parameters were not different between the groups. One surviving animal in the Stasix group had evidence of thrombi on necropsy. Conclusions: This is the first reported study to evaluate rehydrated, lyophilized platelets as an infusible hemostatic agent for non-compressible hemorrhage. Stasix improved survival and reduced blood loss in a liver injury porcine model. However, evidence of thrombotic complications warrants further investigation prior to human use in the setting of traumatic hemorrhage. C1 [Hawksworth, J. S.; Elster, E. A.; Fryer, D.; Tomori, T.; Brown, T. S.; Tadaki, D. K.] USN, Regenerat Med Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Hawksworth, J. S.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Elster, E. A.; Sheppard, F.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. [Elster, E. A.; Sheppard, F.; Krishnamurthy, G.; Tadaki, D. K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Morthole, V.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Comparat Pathol, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Tomori, T.] Tokyo Med & Dent Univ, Dept Neurosurg, Tokyo, Japan. RP Tadaki, DK (reprint author), USN, Regenerat Med Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM doug.tadaki@med.navy.mil FU BUMED FX We gratefully acknowledge C. Morrisette for his statistical advice and expertise. We also thank T. Bristol and M. G. Delima for their skillful technical assistance with the animal experiments. This research was funded by the BUMED Advanced Medical Technology Development Program. NR 44 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1538-7933 J9 J THROMB HAEMOST JI J. Thromb. Haemost. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 7 IS 10 BP 1663 EP 1671 DI 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2009.03562.x PG 9 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 498HV UT WOS:000270129200009 PM 19656278 ER PT J AU Devlin, JJ Kircher, SJ Littlejohn, LF AF Devlin, John Joseph Kircher, Sara J. Littlejohn, Lanny F. TI Swine Models of Hemorrhagic Shock: To Splenectomize or Not to Splenectomize, That is the Question SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Letter C1 [Devlin, John Joseph; Kircher, Sara J.; Littlejohn, Lanny F.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP Devlin, JJ (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. NR 4 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD OCT PY 2009 VL 67 IS 4 BP 895 EP 896 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 506BE UT WOS:000270747000042 PM 19820608 ER PT J AU Bentzel, D Betterton, L Carroll, EE AF Bentzel, David Betterton, Lucy Carroll, Erica Eggers TI Cutaneous lesions in a pig SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Article C1 [Bentzel, David; Betterton, Lucy] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Carroll, Erica Eggers] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Bentzel, D (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM david.bentzel@med.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0093-7355 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 38 IS 10 BP 319 EP 319 DI 10.1038/laban1009-319 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 517KI UT WOS:000271611900007 PM 19773773 ER PT J AU Medintz, IL AF Medintz, Igor L. TI Interfacing biology with nanomaterials SO MATERIALS TODAY LA English DT Editorial Material ID QUANTUM DOTS; PROTEIN C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Igor.Medintz@nrl.navy.mil NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1369-7021 EI 1873-4103 J9 MATER TODAY JI Mater. Today PD OCT PY 2009 VL 12 IS 10 BP 6 EP 7 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 522YQ UT WOS:000272036600002 ER PT J AU Quintanilla, R Jordan, PM AF Quintanilla, R. Jordan, P. M. TI A note on the two temperature theory with dual-phase-lag delay: Some exact solutions SO MECHANICS RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Dual-phase-lag model; Two temperature theory of heat conduction; Lambert W-function ID LAMBERT-W-FUNCTION; HEAT-CONDUCTION; EXPONENTIAL STABILITY; THERMOELASTICITY; EQUATION; PROPAGATION; FORMULATION; WAVES; MODEL AB In this note we present exact solutions of two initial-boundary value problems (IBVP)s in the setting of a recently-introduced theory of heat conduction, wherein the two temperature theory of the late 1960s is merged with Tzou's dual-phase-lag flux relation. First, we solve a one-dimensional problem on a finite interval for a simple, parabolic initial condition. We then describe how to extend the analysis to the general three-dimensional case. In particular, it is demonstrated that the instability which generally arises in connection with the dual-phase-lag model can be avoided under this hybrid formulation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Quintanilla, R.] ETSEIAT UPC, Barcelona 08222, Spain. [Jordan, P. M.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Jordan, PM (reprint author), ETSEIAT UPC, Barcelona 08222, Spain. EM pjordan@nrlssc.navy.mil RI Quintanilla, Ramon/D-9439-2011 OI Quintanilla, Ramon/0000-0001-7059-7058 FU Qualitative study of thermomechanical problems [MTM2006-03706]; ONR/NRL [PE 061153N] FX The authors would like to thank the anonymous referee for his/her helpful input. R.Q. and P.MJ. were supported by the project "Qualitative study of thermomechanical problems" (MTM2006-03706) and by ONR/NRL funding (PE 061153N), respectively. NR 32 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0093-6413 J9 MECH RES COMMUN JI Mech. Res. Commun. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 36 IS 7 BP 796 EP 803 DI 10.1016/j.mechrescom.2009.05.002 PG 8 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 491OS UT WOS:000269589100007 ER PT J AU Wang, XG Hamill, TM Whitaker, JS Bishop, CH AF Wang, Xuguang Hamill, Thomas M. Whitaker, Jeffrey S. Bishop, Craig H. TI A Comparison of the Hybrid and EnSRF Analysis Schemes in the Presence of Model Errors due to Unresolved Scales SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; DATA ASSIMILATION SCHEME; VARIATIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; ATMOSPHERIC DATA ASSIMILATION; ANALYSIS SYSTEM; GLOBAL-MODEL; PART I; PREDICTION; WRF; REPRESENTATION AB A hybrid analysis scheme is compared with an ensemble square root filter (EnSRF) analysis scheme in the presence of model errors as a follow-up to a previous perfect-model comparison. In the hybrid scheme, the ensemble perturbations are updated by the ensemble transform Kalman filter (ETKF) and the ensemble mean is updated with a hybrid ensemble and static background-error covariance. The experiments were conducted with a two-layer primitive equation model. The true state was a T127 simulation. Data assimilation experiments were conducted at T31 resolution (3168 complex spectral coefficients), assimilating imperfect observations drawn from the T127 nature run. By design, the magnitude of the truncation error was large, which provided a test on the ability of both schemes to deal with model error. Additive noise was used to parameterize model errors in the background ensemble for both schemes. In the first set of experiments, additive noise was drawn from a large inventory of historical forecast errors; in the second set of experiments, additive noise was drawn from a large inventory of differences between forecasts and analyses. The static covariance was computed correspondingly from the two inventories. The hybrid analysis was statistically significantly more accurate than the EnSRF analysis. The improvement of the hybrid over the EnSRF was smaller when differences of forecasts and analyses were used to form the random noise and the static covariance. The EnSRF analysis was more sensitive to the size of the ensemble than the hybrid. Aseries of tests was conducted to understand why the EnSRF performed worse than the hybrid. It was shown that the inferior performance of the EnSRF was likely due to the sampling error in the estimation of the model-error covariance in the mean update and the less-balanced EnSRF initial conditions resulting from the extra localizations used in the EnSRF. C1 [Wang, Xuguang] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73072 USA. [Wang, Xuguang] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK 73072 USA. [Hamill, Thomas M.; Whitaker, Jeffrey S.] NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Bishop, Craig H.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. RP Wang, XG (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, 120 David L Boren Blvd,Suite 5341, Norman, OK 73072 USA. EM xuguang.wang@ou.edu RI Wang, Xuguang/C-5458-2013 FU NSF [ATM-0205612]; NOAA THORPEX Grant; University of Colorado; ONR [0602435N, BE435-003, N0001407WX30012] FX The first author was supported by NSF Grant ATM-0205612, a NOAA THORPEX Grant, and the innovative research grant from CIRES of University of Colorado. Craig Bishop acknowledges support from ONR Projects 0602435N, BE435-003, and N0001407WX30012. NR 55 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 137 IS 10 BP 3219 EP 3232 DI 10.1175/2009MWR2923.1 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 511QM UT WOS:000271181500004 ER PT J AU Nachamkin, JE Schmidt, J Mitrescu, C AF Nachamkin, Jason E. Schmidt, Jerome Mitrescu, Cristian TI Verification of Cloud Forecasts over the Eastern Pacific Using Passive Satellite Retrievals SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID PRECIPITATION FORECASTS; MICROSCALE STRUCTURE; FRONTAL RAINBANDS; MESOSCALE; MODEL; ORGANIZATION; PREDICTION; CYCLONES; SCHEME; SPACE AB Operational cloud forecasts generated by the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS)(1) were verified over the eastern Pacific Ocean. The study focused on the accuracy of cloud forecasts associated with extratropical cyclone and convective activity during the late winter and spring of 2007. The condensed total water (liquid and solid) path was used as a proxy for cloud cover to compare the forecasts with retrievals from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES). Analyses of the GOES retrievals indicate that deep cloud systems were generally well represented during daylight hours. Thus, the bulk of the verification focused on the general aspects of quality and timing of these deep systems. Multiple statistics were collected, ranging from simple correlations and histograms to more sophisticated fuzzy and composite statistics. The results show that synoptic-scale systems were generally well predicted to at least two days, with the primary error being an overestimation of deep cloud occurrence. Smaller subsynoptic-scale systems were subject to spatial and timing biases in that a number of the forecasts were lagged by 3-6 h. Despite the bias, 60%-70% of the forecasts of the mesoscale phenomena displayed useful skill. C1 [Nachamkin, Jason E.; Schmidt, Jerome; Mitrescu, Cristian] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Nachamkin, JE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jason.nachamkin@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N0001408WX21169]; Department of Defense Major Shared Resource Center, Stennis Space Center, Mississippi; FNMOC FX This research is supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through Program Element N0001408WX21169. The COAMPS and GOES data archival and processing were supported in part by a grant of high performance computing (HPC) time from the Department of Defense Major Shared Resource Center, Stennis Space Center, Mississippi. The work was performed on a Sun F12000 and an IBM P5751 computer. Computing time was also supported by an HPC grant from FNMOC as part of their Distributed Center for computing. The work was performed on an SGI Origin supercomputer. The GOES data were supplied by the Naval Research Laboratory. Kim Richardson ( NRL) and Steve Miller ( Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University) also provided considerable assistance with the GOES retrievals. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 137 IS 10 BP 3485 EP 3500 DI 10.1175/2009MWR2853.1 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 511QM UT WOS:000271181500019 ER PT J AU Kraska, J Wilson, B AF Kraska, James Wilson, Brian TI Combating pirates of the Gulf of Aden: The Djibouti Code and the Somali Coast Guard SO OCEAN & COASTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article C1 [Kraska, James; Wilson, Brian] USN, War Coll, Int Law Dept, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Kraska, J (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Int Law Dept, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM james.kraska@gmail.com; brianstwilson@gmail.com NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0964-5691 J9 OCEAN COAST MANAGE JI Ocean Coastal Manage. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 52 IS 10 BP 516 EP 520 DI 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2009.07.002 PG 5 WC Oceanography; Water Resources SC Oceanography; Water Resources GA 514RB UT WOS:000271411500003 ER PT J AU Englert, CR Babcock, DD Harlander, JM AF Englert, Christoph R. Babcock, David D. Harlander, John M. TI Spatial heterodyne spectroscopy for long-wave infrared: first measurements of broadband spectra SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE spectroscopy; spectrometer; infrared; long-wave infrared; spatial heterodyne spectroscopy; remote sensing; atmosphere ID APODIZING FUNCTIONS; SPECTROMETER; ULTRAVIOLET AB We describe the design and implementation of a long-wave infrared (LWIR) spectrometer based on the spatial heterodyne spectroscopy (SHS) technique, and present the first measurements of broadband LWIR spectra taken with an SHS instrument. This work represents the first successful application of SHS to the field of LWIR spectroscopy, which is currently dominated by Fourier transform spectrometers, grating spectrometers, and Fabry-Perot interferometers. A unique combination of properties makes SHS a valuable addition to the existing types of LWIR spectrometers. Most notable are the interferometric throughput (no slit), lack of moving parts, and that the measured spectra are not contaminated by a changing scene, which makes SHS particularly suitable for applications in rugged environments and on moving platforms. The instrument discussed here is called the Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Chemicals and Atmospheric Detection (SHIMCAD), and is designed to cover the wavelength range between about 8.4 mu m (1190 cm(-1)) and 11.2 mu m (890 cm(-1)) with a spectral resolution of about 4 cm(-1). First, laboratory SHS transmission spectra of methanol and polyimide (Kapton(R)) are presented. The instrument is built to be mobile, so that ultimately field measurements can be conducted. (C) 2009 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.3250194] C1 [Englert, Christoph R.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Babcock, David D.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Harlander, John M.] St Cloud State Univ, Dept Phys Astron & Engn, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA. RP Englert, CR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM christoph.englert@nrl.navy.mil OI Englert, Christoph/0000-0002-2145-6168 FU Office of Naval Research FX We acknowledge the Office of Naval Research for funding this work. We thank Ronen Feldman, Charles M. Brown, W. Layne Marlin, Jeffrey H. Bowles, Daniel R. Korwan, CDR J. Tim Bays (USNR), and Andrew N. Straatveit for their support. We also thank Kenneth P. Stewart and Jacqueline Fischer for providing the FTS measurements of polyimide. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 12 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 48 IS 10 AR 105602 DI 10.1117/1.3250194 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 519DW UT WOS:000271746200030 ER PT J AU Klein, PB AF Klein, P. B. TI Identification and carrier dynamics of the dominant lifetime limiting defect in n(-) 4H-SiC epitaxial layers SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ENERGY-ELECTRON IRRADIATION; DEEP-LEVEL DEFECTS; 4H SILICON-CARBIDE; EXCESS CARRIERS; C/SI RATIO; SEMICONDUCTORS; RECOMBINATION; TRANSIENT; EPILAYERS AB The identity and characteristics of the lifetime limiting defects in n-type 4H-SiC epitaxial layers are of particular current interest, due to the suitability of this material for high-power, solid-state switching devices. Much work has been done in the past decade to identify the spectral signature and the local atomic structure of the defect that controls the life-time in this material. Until recently, it was concluded that two dominant electron traps, Z(1/2) and EH(6/7), both associated with a carbon vacancy, were controlling the lifetime. DLTS and optical studies show, however, that EH(6/7) is not an important minority carrier trap, due to its small capture cross section for holes. Thus, Z(1/2) acts alone as the lifetime limiting defect. The details of recombination at this trap have been studied through the injection level and temperature dependence of the carrier lifetime and through carrier dynamics simulations that take into account the complex nature of the defect. The simulations shed light on the processes that dominate the recombination at Z1/2 over a large range of injection level and temperature. (C) 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Klein, PB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM klein@bloch.nrl.navy.mil NR 72 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6300 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI A JI Phys. Status Solidi A-Appl. Mat. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 206 IS 10 BP 2257 EP 2272 DI 10.1002/pssa.200925155 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 517HX UT WOS:000271605200007 ER PT J AU Erwin, SC Barke, I Himpsel, FJ AF Erwin, Steven C. Barke, Ingo Himpsel, F. J. TI Structure and energetics of Si(111)-(5X2)-Au SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INDUCED 5X2 RECONSTRUCTION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE STM; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; SURFACE-STRUCTURE; SI(111) SURFACE; SILICON 111; AU; GOLD; PHOTOEMISSION; SPECTROSCOPY AB We propose a structural model for the Si(111)-(5X2)-Au reconstruction. The model incorporates a revised experimental value of 0.6 monolayer for the coverage of gold atoms, equivalent to six gold atoms per 5 X 2 cell. Five main theoretical results, obtained from first-principles total-energy calculations, support the model. (1) In the presence of silicon adatoms the periodicity of the gold rows spontaneously doubles, in agreement with experiment. (2) The dependence of the surface energy on the adatom coverage indicates that a uniformly covered phase is unstable and will phase separate into empty and covered regions, as observed experimentally. (3) Theoretical scanning tunneling microscopy images are in excellent agreement with experiment. (4) The calculated band structure is consistent with angle-resolved photoemission spectra; analysis of their correspondence allows the straightforward assignment of observed surface states to specific atoms. (5) The calculated activation barrier for diffusion of silicon adatoms along the row direction is in excellent agreement with the experimentally measured barrier. C1 [Erwin, Steven C.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Barke, Ingo] Univ Rostock, Inst Phys, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. [Himpsel, F. J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Erwin, SC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Barke, Ingo/H-2097-2013 OI Barke, Ingo/0000-0002-1717-570X FU Office of Naval Research; NSF [DMR-0705145, DMR-0084402]; DAAD FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and by the NSF under Awards No. DMR-0705145 and No. DMR-0084402 (SRC). S. C. E. gratefully acknowledges many helpful discussions with Christoph Seifert. I. B. acknowledges support from the DAAD. Computations were performed at the DoD Major Shared Resource Center at AFRL. NR 63 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 27 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2009 VL 80 IS 15 AR 155409 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.155409 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 513VK UT WOS:000271352000118 ER PT J AU Fang, L Luo, HQ Cheng, P Wang, ZS Jia, Y Mu, G Shen, B Mazin, II Shan, L Ren, C Wen, HH AF Fang, Lei Luo, Huiqian Cheng, Peng Wang, Zhaosheng Jia, Ying Mu, Gang Shen, Bing Mazin, I. I. Shan, Lei Ren, Cong Wen, Hai-Hu TI Roles of multiband effects and electron-hole asymmetry in the superconductivity and normal-state properties of Ba(Fe(1-x)Cox)(2)As-2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB We report a systematic investigation, together with a theoretical analysis, of the resistivity and Hall effect in single crystals of Ba(Fe1-xCox)(2)As-2 over a wide doping range. We find a surprisingly great disparity between the relaxation rates of the holes and the electrons in excess of one order of magnitude in the low-doping, low-temperature regime. The ratio of the electron to hole mobilities diminishes with temperature and doping (away from the magnetically ordered state) and becomes more conventional. We also find a straightforward explanation of the large asymmetry (compared to cuprates) of the superconducting dome: in the underdoped regime the decisive factor is the competition between antiferromagnetism and superconductivity, while in the overdoped regime the main role is played by degradation of the nesting that weakens the pairing interaction. Our results indicate that spin fluctuations due to interband electron-hole scattering play a crucial role not only in the superconducting pairing but also in the normal transport. C1 [Fang, Lei; Luo, Huiqian; Cheng, Peng; Wang, Zhaosheng; Jia, Ying; Mu, Gang; Shen, Bing; Shan, Lei; Ren, Cong; Wen, Hai-Hu] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Natl Lab Superconduct, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Fang, Lei; Luo, Huiqian; Cheng, Peng; Wang, Zhaosheng; Jia, Ying; Mu, Gang; Shen, Bing; Shan, Lei; Ren, Cong; Wen, Hai-Hu] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Mazin, I. I.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Fang, L (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Natl Lab Superconduct, POB 603, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. EM hhwen@aphy.iphy.ac.cn RI Mu, Gang/G-9407-2011; Fang, Lei /K-2017-2013; Wang, Zhaosheng/G-5162-2016 OI Mu, Gang/0000-0001-5676-4702; FU Natural Science Foundation of China [2006CB60100, 2006CB921107, 2006CB921802]; Chinese Academy of Sciences; ONR FX This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (973 Projects No. 2006CB60100, No. 2006CB921107, and No. 2006CB921802) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Project ITSNEM). I. I. M. was supported by the ONR. NR 24 TC 153 Z9 153 U1 2 U2 32 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2009 VL 80 IS 14 AR 140508 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.140508 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 513VG UT WOS:000271351500028 ER PT J AU Henriques, AB Efros, AL AF Henriques, A. B. Efros, Al. L. TI Magnetoconfined levels in a parabolic quantum dot: An analytical solution of a three-dimensional Fock-Darwin problem in a tilted magnetic field SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SPIN; SPECTROSCOPY; MANIPULATION AB The energy spectrum of an electron confined in a quantum dot (QD) with a three-dimensional anisotropic parabolic potential in a tilted magnetic field was found analytically. The theory describes exactly the mixing of in-plane and out-of-plane motions of an electron caused by a tilted magnetic field, which could be seen, for example, in the level anticrossing. For charged QDs in a tilted magnetic field we predict three strong resonant lines in the far-infrared-absorption spectra. C1 [Henriques, A. B.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Efros, Al. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Henriques, AB (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, Caixa Postal 66318, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. RI Henriques, Andre/L-8582-2015 OI Henriques, Andre/0000-0002-7354-0505 FU CNPq; FAPESP; DAAD; Office of Naval Research; Alexander-von-Humboldt foundation FX The authors thank D. R. Yakovlev and E. I. Rashba for important discussions and hospitality at the Technical University of Dortmund. A. B. H. acknowledges support by CNPq, FAPESP and DAAD. A. L. E. acknowledges support of the Office of Naval Research and Alexander-von-Humboldt foundation. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT PY 2009 VL 80 IS 15 AR 153302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.153302 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 513VK UT WOS:000271352000010 ER PT J AU Mott, PH Roland, CM AF Mott, P. H. Roland, C. M. TI Limits to Poisson's ratio in isotropic materials SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC PROPERTIES; GLASSY-POLYMERS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; CONSTANTS; MODULI; PRESSURE; DIAMOND; COMPRESSION; VELOCITIES; SILICON AB A long-standing question is why Poisson's ratio v nearly always exceeds 0.2 for isotropic materials, whereas classical elasticity predicts v to be between -1 to 1/2. We show that the roots of quadratic relations from classical elasticity divide v into three possible ranges: -1= 0, 0 <= v <= 1/5, and 1/5 <= v<1/2. Since elastic properties are unique there can be only one valid set of roots, which must be 1/5 <= v<1/2 for consistency with the behavior of real materials. Materials with Poisson's ratio outside of this range are rare, and tend to be either very hard (e.g., diamond, beryllium etc.) or porous (e.g., auxetic foams); such substances have more complex behavior than can be described by classical elasticity. Thus, classical elasticity is inapplicable whenever v<1/5, and the use of the equations from classical elasticity for such materials is inappropriate. C1 [Mott, P. H.; Roland, C. M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mott, PH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX We thank R. B. Bogoslovov and D. M. Fragiadakis for useful suggestions. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 53 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 34 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. 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I. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alakhverdyants, A. V. Anderson, B. D. Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Barannikova, O. Barnby, L. S. Baudot, J. Baumgart, S. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Benedosso, F. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Biritz, B. Bland, L. C. Bnzarov, I. Bombara, M. Bonner, B. E. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Burton, T. P. Bystersky, M. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. de la Barca Sanchez, M. Calderon Catu, O. Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chajecki, Z. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Choi, K. E. Christie, W. Clarke, R. F. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cormier, T. M. Cosentino, M. R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Das, D. Dash, S. Daugherity, M. De Silva, L. C. Dedovich, T. G. DePhillips, M. Derevschikov, A. A. De Souza, R. Derradi Didenko, L. Djawotho, P. Dogra, S. M. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. 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Knospe, A. G. Kocoloski, A. Koetke, D. D. Konzer, J. Kopytine, M. Koralt, I. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kouchpil, V. Kravtsov, P. Kravtsov, V. I. Krueger, K. Krus, M. Kuhn, C. Kumar, L. Kurnadi, P. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, C. -H. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, N. Li, Y. Lin, G. Lindenbaum, S. J. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Liu, H. Liu, J. Liu, L. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Love, W. A. Lu, Y. Ludlam, T. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Mangotra, L. K. Manweiler, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. Matulenko, Yu. A. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Meschanin, A. Milner, R. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mischke, A. Mohanty, B. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Nandi, B. K. Nattrass, C. Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Netrakanti, P. K. Ng, M. J. Nogach, L. V. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Okada, H. Okorokov, V. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pandit, Y. 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Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Timoshenko, S. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trainor, T. A. Tram, V. N. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tsai, O. D. Ulery, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbaek, F. Vigdor, S. E. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xie, W. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yip, K. Yoo, I. -K. Yue, Q. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, Y. Zhong, C. Zhou, J. Zhu, X. Zoulkarneev, R. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zuo, J. X. CA STAR Collaboration TI Neutral pion production in Au plus Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTIONS; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; D+AU COLLISIONS; ENERGY-LOSS; COLLABORATION; SUPPRESSION; P+P AB The results of midrapidity (0 < y < 0.8) neutral pion spectra over an extended transverse momentum range (1 < p(T) < 12 GeV/c) in root s(NN) = 200 GeV Au + Au collisions, measured by the STAR experiment, are presented. The neutral pions are reconstructed from photons measured either by the STAR Barrel Electro-Magnetic Calorimeter or by the Time Projection Chamber via tracking of conversion electron-positron pairs. Our measurements are compared to previously published pi(+/-) and pi(0) results. The nuclear modification factors R-CP and R-AA of pi(0) are also presented as a function of p(T). In the most central Au + Au collisions, the binary collision scaled pi(0) yield at high p(T) is suppressed by a factor of about 5 compared to the expectation from the yield of p + p collisions. Such a large suppression is in agreement with previous observations for light quark mesons and is consistent with the scenario that partons suffer considerable energy loss in the dense medium formed in central nucleus-nucleus collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. C1 [Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Barnby, L. S.; Bombara, M.; Burton, T. P.; Elhalhuli, E.; Gaillard, L.; Jones, P. G.; Nelson, J. M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Arkhipkin, D.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Christie, W.; DePhillips, M.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fachini, P.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Guryn, W.; Hallman, T. J.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. 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B.; Yepes, P.; Zhou, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Cosentino, M. R.; Guimaraes, K. S. F. F.; Munhoz, M. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; De Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.; Zhao, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Xu, Q. H.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Jin, F.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shi, X. -H.; Tian, J.; Zhang, S.; Zhong, C.; Zuo, J. X.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Erazmus, B.; Estienne, M.; Geromitsos, A.; Kabana, S.; Roy, C.; Sahoo, R.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Cervantes, M. C.; Clarke, R. F.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Djawotho, P.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Huo, L.; Mioduszewski, S.; Sarsour, M.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Daugherity, M.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Kajimoto, K.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, X.; Wang, Y.; Yue, Q.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Webb, J. C.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta; Ganti, M. S.; Ghosh, P.; Mohanty, B.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Singaraju, R. N.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. [Kisiel, A.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.; Trainor, T. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bellwied, R.; Cormier, T. M.; De Silva, L. C.; Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Chen, J. Y.; Feng, A.; Li, N.; Liu, F.; Liu, L.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y.] HZNU, CCNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Baumgart, S.; Caines, H.; Catu, O.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Heinz, M.; Knospe, A. G.; Lin, G.; Majka, R.; Nattrass, C.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Bruna, E.; Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Abelev, BI (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Lee, Chang-Hwan/B-3096-2015; Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/H-4587-2016; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Cosentino, Mauro/L-2418-2014 OI Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Lee, Chang-Hwan/0000-0003-3221-1171; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/0000-0003-0578-9533; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Cosentino, Mauro/0000-0002-7880-8611 FU US DOE; USNSF; Sloan Foundation; DFG; STFC; EPSRC of the United Kingdom; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; Czech Republic; FOM and NOW of the Netherlands; CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; Russian Ministry of Science and Technology; Rosatom of Russia FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL and the NERSC Center at LBNL and the resources provided by the Open Science Grid consortium. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the US DOE Office of Science; the USNSF; the Sloan Foundation; the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe"; CNRS/IN2P3; STFC and EPSRC of the United Kingdom; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China; GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM and NOW of the Netherlands; DAE, DST, and CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; the Russian Ministry of Science and Technology; and Rosatom of Russia. NR 27 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2009 VL 80 IS 4 AR 044905 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.044905 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 513VT UT WOS:000271352900070 ER PT J AU Abelev, BI Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Baumgart, S Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Benedosso, F Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Biritz, B Bland, LC Bombara, M Bonner, BE Botje, M Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Burton, TP Bystersky, M Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Catu, O Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, KE Christie, W Clarke, RF Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cormier, TM Cosentino, MR Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Dash, S Daugherity, M De Silva, LC Dedovich, TG DePhillips, M Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Didenko, L Djawotho, P Dogra, SM Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Elhalhuli, E Elnimr, M Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Eun, L Fachini, P Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Feng, A Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gaillard, L Gangadharan, DR Ganti, MS Garcia-Solis, EJ Geromitsos, A Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gorbunov, YN Gordon, A Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Grube, B Guertin, SM Guimaraes, KSFF Gupta, A Gupta, N Guryn, W Haag, B Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Harris, JW He, W Heinz, M Heppelmann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffman, AM Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Iordanova, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jakl, P Jena, C Jin, F Jones, CL Jones, PG Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kajimoto, K Kang, K Kapitan, J Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Khodyrev, VY Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klein, SR Knospe, AG Kocoloski, A Koetke, DD Kopytine, M Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kouchpil, V Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Krus, M Kuhn, C Kumar, L Kurnadi, P Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, CH Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, N Li, Y Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, J Liu, L Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McDonald, D McShane, TS Meschanin, A Milner, R Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mischke, A Mohanty, B Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nattrass, C Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Ng, MJ Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okada, H Okorokov, V Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Phatak, SC Pile, P Planinic, M Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Poskanzer, AM Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Russcher, MJ Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Sakuma, T Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarsour, M Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Seyboth, P Shabetai, A Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shi, SS Shi, XH Sichtermann, EP Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stadnik, A Stanislaus, TDS Staszak, D Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Subba, NL Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Timoshenko, S Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Tram, VN Trattner, AL Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G Van Leeuwen, M Molen, AMV Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Videbaek, F Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Wada, M Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, X Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, Y Xie, W Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, Y Xu, Z Yang, Y Yepes, P Yip, K Yoo, IK Yue, Q Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, Y Zhong, C Zhou, J Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zuo, JX AF Abelev, B. I. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Anderson, B. D. Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Barannikova, O. Barnby, L. S. Baudot, J. Baumgart, S. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Benedosso, F. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Biritz, B. Bland, L. C. Bombara, M. Bonner, B. E. Botje, M. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Burton, T. P. Bystersky, M. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Catu, O. Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chajecki, Z. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Choi, K. E. Christie, W. Clarke, R. F. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cormier, T. M. Cosentino, M. R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Das, D. Dash, S. Daugherity, M. De Silva, L. C. Dedovich, T. G. DePhillips, M. Derevschikov, A. A. de Souza, R. Derradi Didenko, L. Djawotho, P. Dogra, S. M. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Dunlop, J. C. Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta Edwards, W. R. Efimov, L. G. Elhalhuli, E. Elnimr, M. Emelianov, V. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Erazmus, B. Estienne, M. Eun, L. Fachini, P. Fatemi, R. Fedorisin, J. Feng, A. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fine, V. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gaillard, L. Gangadharan, D. R. Ganti, M. S. Garcia-Solis, E. J. Geromitsos, A. Geurts, F. Ghazikhanian, V. Ghosh, P. Gorbunov, Y. N. Gordon, A. Grebenyuk, O. Grosnick, D. Grube, B. Guertin, S. M. Guimaraes, K. S. F. F. Gupta, A. Gupta, N. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hallman, T. J. Hamed, A. Harris, J. W. He, W. Heinz, M. Heppelmann, S. Hippolyte, B. Hirsch, A. Hjort, E. Hoffman, A. M. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Hollis, R. S. Huang, H. Z. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Iordanova, A. Jacobs, P. Jacobs, W. W. Jakl, P. Jena, C. Jin, F. Jones, C. L. Jones, P. G. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kajimoto, K. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kettler, D. Khodyrev, V. Yu. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Klein, S. R. Knospe, A. G. Kocoloski, A. Koetke, D. D. Kopytine, M. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kouchpil, V. Kravtsov, P. Kravtsov, V. I. Krueger, K. Krus, M. Kuhn, C. Kumar, L. Kurnadi, P. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, C. -H. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, N. Li, Y. Lin, G. Lindenbaum, S. J. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Liu, J. Liu, L. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Love, W. A. Lu, Y. Ludlam, T. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Mangotra, L. K. Manweiler, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Matis, H. S. Matulenko, Yu. A. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Meschanin, A. Milner, R. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mischke, A. Mohanty, B. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Nandi, B. K. Nattrass, C. Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Netrakanti, P. K. Ng, M. J. Nogach, L. V. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Okada, H. Okorokov, V. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Peitzmann, T. Perevoztchikov, V. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Phatak, S. C. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Poskanzer, A. M. Potukuchi, B. V. K. S. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Ridiger, A. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Rose, A. Roy, C. Ruan, L. Russcher, M. J. Sahoo, R. Sakrejda, I. Sakuma, T. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sarsour, M. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Selyuzhenkov, I. Seyboth, P. Shabetai, A. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Shi, X. -H. Sichtermann, E. P. Simon, F. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Snellings, R. Sorensen, P. Sowinski, J. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stadnik, A. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Staszak, D. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Subba, N. L. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Symons, T. J. M. de Toledo, A. Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Timoshenko, S. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trainor, T. A. Tram, V. N. Trattner, A. L. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tsai, O. D. Ulery, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. Van Leeuwen, M. Molen, A. M. Vander Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasilevski, I. M. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbaek, F. Vigdor, S. E. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xie, W. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yip, K. Yoo, I. -K. Yue, Q. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, Y. Zhong, C. Zhou, J. Zoulkarneev, R. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zuo, J. X. CA STAR Collaboration TI J/psi production at high transverse momenta in p plus p and Cu plus Cu collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; INTERSECTING STORAGE-RINGS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; ROOT S=1.8 TEV; P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; D+AU COLLISIONS; AU COLLISIONS; QCD MATTER; J-PSI AB The STAR Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider presents measurements of J/psi e(+) e(-) at midrapidity and high transverse momentum (pT > 5 GeV/c) in p + p and central Cu + Cu collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. The inclusive J/psi production cross section for Cu + Cu collisions is found to be consistent at high p(T) with the binary collision-scaled cross section for p + p collisions. At a confidence level of 97%, this is in contrast to a suppression of J/psi production observed at lower p(T). Azimuthal correlations of J/psi with charged hadrons in p + p collisions provide an estimate of the contribution of B-hadron decays to J/psi production of 13% +/- 5%. C1 [Abelev, B. I.; Barannikova, O.; Betts, R. R.; Garcia-Solis, E. J.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Iordanova, A.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Barnby, L. S.; Bombara, M.; Burton, T. P.; Elhalhuli, E.; Gaillard, L.; Jones, P. G.; Nelson, J. M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Christie, W.; DePhillips, M.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fachini, P.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Guryn, W.; Hallman, T. J.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Love, W. A.; Ludlam, T.; Ogawa, A.; Okada, H.; Perevoztchikov, V.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Ng, M. J.; Perkins, C.; Trattner, A. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Das, D.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Mall, O. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Biritz, B.; Cendejas, R.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Ghazikhanian, V.; Guertin, S. M.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Kurnadi, P.; Staszak, D.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Whitten, C., Jr.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [de Souza, R. Derradi; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Cherney, M.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; McShane, T. S.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bystersky, M.; Chaloupka, P.; Jakl, P.; Kapitan, J.; Krus, M.; Pachr, M.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Rez 25068, Czech Republic. [Averichev, G. S.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Kechechyan, A.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Stadnik, A.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.] Lab High Energy JINR, Dubna, Russia. [Arkhipkin, D.; Filip, P.; Lednicky, R.; Vasilevski, I. M.; Zoulkarneev, R.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Particle Phys Lab JINR, Dubna, Russia. [Dash, S.; Jena, C.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Phatak, S. C.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Pujahari, P. R.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [He, W.; Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Sowinski, J.; Vigdor, S. E.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Baudot, J.; Hippolyte, B.; Kuhn, C.; Shabetai, A.] Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. [Bhasin, A.; Dogra, S. M.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, N.; Mangotra, L. K.; Potukuchi, B. V. K. S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Anderson, B. D.; Bouchet, J.; Chen, J. H.; Joseph, J.; Keane, D.; Kopytine, M.; Margetis, S.; Pandit, Y.; Subba, N. L.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.; Zhang, W. M.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Fatemi, R.; Korsch, W.; Kouchpil, V.; Webb, G.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Yang, Y.; Zhan, W.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Dong, X.; Edwards, W. R.; Grebenyuk, O.; Hjort, E.; Jacobs, P.; Kikola, D. P.; Kiryluk, J.; Klein, S. R.; Matis, H. S.; Odyniec, G.; Olson, D.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Ritter, H. G.; Rose, A.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Tram, V. N.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balewski, J.; Betancourt, M. J.; Corliss, R.; Hoffman, A. M.; Jones, C. L.; Kocoloski, A.; Leight, W.; Milner, R.; Redwine, R.; Sakuma, T.; Surrow, B.; Walker, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.; Simon, F.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Tarnowsky, T.; Molen, A. M. Vander; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Emelianov, V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Okorokov, V.; Ridiger, A.; Strikhanov, M.; Timoshenko, S.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Lindenbaum, S. J.] CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Benedosso, F.; Botje, M.; Braidot, E.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.; Snellings, R.; Van Leeuwen, M.] NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Benedosso, F.; Botje, M.; Braidot, E.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.; Snellings, R.; Van Leeuwen, M.] Univ Utrecht, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Chajecki, Z.; Humanic, T. J.; Kisiel, A.; Lisa, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bueltmann, S.; Plyku, D.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Eun, L.; Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Khodyrev, V. Yu.; Kravtsov, V. I.; Matulenko, Yu. A.; Meschanin, A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Hirsch, A.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Ulery, J.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Choi, K. E.; Grube, B.; Lee, C. -H.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Bonner, B. E.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Liu, J.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Yepes, P.; Zhou, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Cosentino, M. R.; Guimaraes, K. S. F. F.; Munhoz, M. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; de Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.; Zhao, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Xu, Q. H.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Jin, F.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shi, X. -H.; Tian, J.; Zhang, S.; Zhong, C.; Zuo, J. X.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Erazmus, B.; Estienne, M.; Geromitsos, A.; Kabana, S.; Roy, C.; Sahoo, R.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Cervantes, M. C.; Clarke, R. F.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Djawotho, P.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Huo, L.; Mioduszewski, S.; Sarsour, M.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Daugherity, M.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Kajimoto, K.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, X.; Wang, Y.; Yue, Q.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Bhasin, A.; Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Webb, J. C.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta; Ganti, M. S.; Ghosh, P.; Mohanty, B.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Singaraju, R. N.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. [Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.; Trainor, T. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bellwied, R.; Cormier, T. M.; De Silva, L. C.; Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Chen, J. Y.; Feng, A.; Li, N.; Liu, F.; Liu, L.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y.] CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Baumgart, S.; Brandin, A. V.; Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Catu, O.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Heinz, M.; Knospe, A. G.; Lin, G.; Majka, R.; Nattrass, C.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Abelev, BI (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RI Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Cosentino, Mauro/L-2418-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Lee, Chang-Hwan/B-3096-2015; Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/H-4587-2016; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Tang, Zebo/A-9939-2014; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013 OI Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Cosentino, Mauro/0000-0002-7880-8611; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Lee, Chang-Hwan/0000-0003-3221-1171; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/0000-0003-0578-9533; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Tang, Zebo/0000-0002-4247-0081; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; FU Offices of NP; HEP within the US DOE Office of Science; US NSF; Sloan Foundation; DFG; CNRS/IN2P3; STFC; EPSRC of the United Kingdom; FAPESP; CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; GA; MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM; NOW of the Netherlands; DAE; DST; CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; Russian Ministry of Science and Technology; Rosatom of Russia FX The authors thank G. C. Nayak, J. P. Lansberg, W. A. Horowitz, and I. Vitev for providing calculations and discussion. We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the US DOE Office of Science; the US NSF; the Sloan Foundation; the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe"; CNRS/IN2P3; STFC and EPSRC of the United Kingdom; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China; GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic; FOM and NOW of the Netherlands; DAE, DST, and CSIR of India; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Korea Research Foundation; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; the Russian Ministry of Science and Technology; and Rosatom of Russia. NR 58 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2009 VL 80 IS 4 AR 041902 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.041902 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 513VT UT WOS:000271352900008 ER PT J AU Hartley, DJ Janssens, RVF Riedinger, LL Riley, MA Aguilar, A Carpenter, MP Chiara, CJ Chowdhury, P Darby, IG Garg, U Ijaz, QA Kondev, FG Lakshmi, S Lauritsen, T Ludington, A Ma, WC McCutchan, EA Mukhopadhyay, S Pifer, R Seyfried, EP Stefanescu, I Tandel, SK Tandel, U Vanhoy, JR Wang, X Zhu, S Hamamoto, I Frauendorf, S AF Hartley, D. J. Janssens, R. V. F. Riedinger, L. L. Riley, M. A. Aguilar, A. Carpenter, M. P. Chiara, C. J. Chowdhury, P. Darby, I. G. Garg, U. Ijaz, Q. A. Kondev, F. G. Lakshmi, S. Lauritsen, T. Ludington, A. Ma, W. C. McCutchan, E. A. Mukhopadhyay, S. Pifer, R. Seyfried, E. P. Stefanescu, I. Tandel, S. K. Tandel, U. Vanhoy, J. R. Wang, X. Zhu, S. Hamamoto, I. Frauendorf, S. TI Wobbling mode in Ta-167 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID COINCIDENCE DATA; EXCITATIONS; NUCLEI AB The collective wobbling mode, the strongest signature for the rotation of a triaxial nucleus, has previously been seen only in a few Lu isotopes in spite of extensive searches in nearby isotopes. A sequence of transitions in the N = 94 Ta-167 nucleus exhibiting features similar to those attributed to the wobbling bands in the Lu nuclei has now been found. This band feeds into the pi i(13/2) band at a relative energy similar to that seen in the established wobbling bands and its dynamic moment of inertia and alignment properties are nearly identical to the i(13/2) structure over a significant frequency range. Given these characteristics, it is likely that the wobbling mode has been observed for the first time in a nucleus other than Lu, making this collective motion a more general phenomenon. C1 [Hartley, D. J.; Ludington, A.; Pifer, R.; Seyfried, E. P.; Vanhoy, J. R.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Janssens, R. V. F.; Carpenter, M. P.; Chiara, C. J.; Lauritsen, T.; McCutchan, E. A.; Stefanescu, I.; Zhu, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Riedinger, L. L.; Darby, I. G.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Riley, M. A.; Aguilar, A.; Wang, X.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Chiara, C. J.; Kondev, F. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chiara, C. J.; Stefanescu, I.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Chowdhury, P.; Lakshmi, S.; Tandel, S. K.; Tandel, U.] Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Garg, U.; Mukhopadhyay, S.; Frauendorf, S.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Ijaz, Q. A.; Ma, W. C.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Hamamoto, I.] Lund Univ, LTH, Dept Math Phys, Lund, Sweden. RP Hartley, DJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RI Soundara Pandian, Lakshmi/C-8107-2013; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Soundara Pandian, Lakshmi/0000-0003-3099-1039; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 FU National Science Foundation [PHY-0554762, PHY-0456463, PHY-0754674]; US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11257, DE-FG02-94ER40848, DE-FG02-96ER40983] FX The authors thank the ANL operations staff at Gammasphere and gratefully acknowledge the efforts of J. P. Greene for target preparation. We also thank D. C. Radford and H. Q. Jin for their software support. This work is funded by the National Science Foundation under Grant Nos. PHY-0554762 (USNA), PHY-0456463 (FSU), and PHY-0754674 (UND), as well as by the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract Nos. DE-AC02-06CH11257 (ANL), DE-FG02-94ER40848 (UML), and DE-FG02-96ER40983 (UT). NR 19 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 2009 VL 80 IS 4 AR 041304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.041304 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 513VT UT WOS:000271352900004 ER PT J AU Mueller, G Sikivie, P Tanner, DB van Bibber, K AF Mueller, Guido Sikivie, Pierre Tanner, D. B. van Bibber, Karl TI Detailed design of a resonantly enhanced axion-photon regeneration experiment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID INVISIBLE AXION; FREQUENCY STABILIZATION; ANALYTICAL MODELS; CP CONSERVATION; HARMLESS AXION; LASER-BEAMS; INVARIANCE; PARTICLES; SEARCHES AB A resonantly enhanced photon-regeneration experiment to search for the axion or axionlike particles is described. This experiment is a shining light through walls study, where photons traveling through a strong magnetic field are (in part) converted to axions; the axions can pass through an opaque wall and convert (in part) back to photons in a second region of strong magnetic field. The photon regeneration is enhanced by employing matched Fabry- Perot optical cavities, with one cavity within the axion generation magnet and the second within the photon- regeneration magnet. Compared to simple single- pass photon regeneration, this technique would result in a gain of (F/pi)(2), where F is the finesse of each cavity. This gain could feasibly be as high as 1010, corresponding to an improvement in the sensitivity to the axionphoton coupling, g(a gamma gamma), of order (F/pi)(1/2)similar to 300. This improvement would enable, for the first time, a purely laboratory experiment to probe axion-photon couplings at a level competitive with, or superior to, limits from stellar evolution or solar axion searches. This report gives a detailed discussion of the scheme for actively controlling the two Fabry- Perot cavities and the laser frequencies, and describes the heterodyne signal detection system, with limits ultimately imposed by shot noise. C1 [Mueller, Guido; Sikivie, Pierre; Tanner, D. B.] Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [van Bibber, Karl] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [van Bibber, Karl] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Mueller, G (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM mueller@phys.ufl.edu NR 41 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT PY 2009 VL 80 IS 7 AR 072004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.072004 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 513VY UT WOS:000271353400012 ER PT J AU Roland, CM AF Roland, C. M. TI Extrapolating deformation behaviour of rubber to high rates and high pressures SO PLASTICS RUBBER AND COMPOSITES LA English DT Article DE Time-temperature superpositioning; Thermodynamic scaling; Pressure ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; THERMORHEOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY; VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES; RELAXATION-TIMES; CHAIN DYNAMICS; POLYMERS; POLYBUTADIENES; POLYPROPYLENE; ACETATE); LIQUIDS AB An important and oft-utilised viscoelastic property of polymers is their conformance to the time temperature superposition principle. However, it is well established that in the glass transition zone, where both the local segmental and global chain modes contribute to the response, polymers are thermorheologically complex. Extrapolations of mechanical and other properties through the glass transition zone thus entail large errors. An alternative procedure that accounts for the pressure and volume dependences is based on the empirical fact that both local segmental and global relaxation times of polymers are a function of the product variable, TV c, where T is temperature, V is specific volume, and c is a material constant. The utility of this scaling property is described. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Roland, CM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mike.roland@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1465-8011 EI 1743-2898 J9 PLAST RUBBER COMPOS JI Plast. Rubber Compos. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 38 IS 8 BP 333 EP 336 DI 10.1179/146580109X12473409436904 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 517OH UT WOS:000271624600005 ER PT J AU Roland, CM AF Roland, C. M. TI Vagaries of elastomer service life predictions SO PLASTICS RUBBER AND COMPOSITES LA English DT Article DE Service life predictions; Thermal oxidation; Fracture; Fatigue; Arrhenius equation ID FRACTURE-MECHANICS; RUBBER OXIDATION AB Generally, the useful life of a rubber component is governed by its susceptibility to failure by either mechanical or chemical deterioration. There are well established laboratory tests to address the failure properties of elastomers - fracture mechanics analyses for mechanical durability and accelerated aging tests for chemical degradation. However, laboratory predictions are reliable only to the extent that the relevant failure mechanisms are identified and all contributing factors are accounted for. This paper describes two case studies, one concerning fatigue failure of an elastomeric mechanical capacitor and the other thermal oxidation of a radiant heating hose. Ironically only the latter case, in which redundant laboratory testing provided accurate lifetime predictions, involved product failure with consequent extraordinary financial losses. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Roland, CM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mike.roland@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The work at NRL was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The author gratefully acknowledges various discussions with P. H. Mott, who also prepared Fig. 1. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 1465-8011 J9 PLAST RUBBER COMPOS JI Plast. Rubber Compos. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 38 IS 8 BP 349 EP 354 DI 10.1179/146580109X12473409436940 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 517OH UT WOS:000271624600008 ER PT J AU Montgomery, MT Van Sang, N Smith, RK Persing, J AF Montgomery, Michael T. Van Sang, Nguyen Smith, Roger K. Persing, John TI Do tropical cyclones intensify by WISHE? SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE hurricane; typhoon; local buoyancy; vorticity; vortical hot tower ID HURRICANE BOUNDARY-LAYER; SEA INTERACTION THEORY; ATMOSPHERIC VORTICES; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; SIMPLE-MODEL; BOB 1991; CYCLOGENESIS; DYNAMICS; TEMPERATURE; SENSITIVITY AB In this paper we seek and obtain a basic understanding of tropical cyclone intensification in three dimensions when precipitation and evaporative-cooling (warm rain) processes are included. Intensification with warm rain physics included is found to be dominated by highly localized deep convective structures possessing strong cyclonic vorticity in their cores - dubbed 'Vortical Hot Towers' (VHTs). Unlike previous studies, the findings herein suggest all intensification pathway that is distinct from the 'evaporation-wind' feedback mechanism known as wind-induced surface heat exchange (WISHE), which requires a positive feedback between the azimuthal-mean boundary-layer equivalent potential temperature and the azimuthal-mean surface wind speed underneath the eyewall of the storm. Intensification from a finite-amplitude initial vortex is shown to not require this evaporation-wind feedback process. Indeed, when the Surface wind speed in the sea-to-air vapour fluxes is capped at a nominal (trade-wind) Value, the vortex still intensifies by the same pathway identified in the main experiments via the generation of locally buoyant VHTs and the near-surface convergence that the VHTs induce within the boundary layer. The present findings and interpretations challenge the prevailing view that tropical cyclones are premier examples of vortical systems arising from WISHE. Given the potential significance oil Our understanding of the dynamics of hurricanes, and given the limitations of the present modelling framework, further tests of these predictions are advocated. Copyright (C) 2009 Royal Meteorological Society C1 [Montgomery, Michael T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Montgomery, Michael T.] NOAAs Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL USA. [Van Sang, Nguyen; Smith, Roger K.] Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, D-8000 Munich, Germany. [Persing, John] Colorado State Univ, Dept Math, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Montgomery, MT (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM mtmontgo@nps.edu NR 42 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 8 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0035-9009 J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 135 IS 644 BP 1697 EP 1714 DI 10.1002/qj.459 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 520GZ UT WOS:000271832000005 ER PT J AU Bui, HH Smith, RK Montgomery, MT Peng, JY AF Bui, Hai Hoang Smith, Roger K. Montgomery, Michael T. Peng, Jiayi TI Balanced and unbalanced aspects of tropical cyclone intensification SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE hurricane; typhoon; balance dynamics; boundary layer ID NUMERICAL SIMULATION; POTENTIAL VORTICITY; HURRICANE MODELS; EYE DYNAMICS; EDDY FLUXES; VORTEX; MOMENTUM; CYCLOGENESIS; CONVECTION; ATMOSPHERE AB We investigate the extent to which the azimuthally-averaged fields from a three-dimensional, non-hydrostatic, tropical cyclone model can be captured by axisymmetric balance theory. The secondary (overturning) circulation and balanced tendency for the primary circulation are obtained by solving a general form of the Sawyer-Eliassen equation with the diabatic heating, eddy heat fluxes and tangential momentum sources (eddy momentum fluxes, boundary-layer friction and subgrid-scale diffusion) diagnosed from the model. The Occurrence of regions of weak symmetric instability at low levels and in the Upper-tropospheric outflow layer requires a regularization procedure so that the Sawyer-Eliassen equation remains elliptic. The balanced calculations presented capture a major fraction of the azimuthally-averaged secondary circulation of the three-dimensional simulation except in the boundary layer, where the balanced assumption breaks down and where there is an inward agradient force. In particular, the balance theory is shown to significantly underestimate the low-level radial inflow and therefore the maximum azimuthal-mean tangential wind tendency. In the balance theory, the diabatic forcing associated with the eyewall convection accounts for a large fraction of the secondary circulation. The findings herein underscore both the utility of axisymmetric balance theory and also its limitations in describing the axisymmetric intensification physics of a tropical cyclone vortex. Copyright (C) 2009 Royal Meteorological Society C1 [Smith, Roger K.] Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, D-80333 Munich, Germany. [Bui, Hai Hoang] Vietnam Natl Univ, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Montgomery, Michael T.; Peng, Jiayi] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Montgomery, Michael T.] NOAA, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL USA. RP Smith, RK (reprint author), Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, Theresienstr 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany. EM roger.smith@lmu.de OI Bui, Hoang Hai/0000-0003-4485-0325 FU US Office of Naval Research [N0001403-1-0185]; National Science Foundation [ATM-0715426, ATM-0 649 943, ATM-0 649 944, ATM-0 649 946] FX This research was supported in part by grant No. N0001403-1-0185 from the US Office of Naval Research and by National Science Foundation grants ATM-0715426, ATM-0 649 943, ATM-0 649 944, and ATM-0 649 946. The first author is grateful for travel support provided by the German Research Council (DFG) as part of the project 'Improved quantitative precipitation forecasting in Vietnam'. NR 37 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0035-9009 J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 135 IS 644 BP 1715 EP 1731 DI 10.1002/qj.502 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 520GZ UT WOS:000271832000006 ER PT J AU Garth, TS AF Garth, Todd S. TI Serial Murder, Cannibalism, Grave Robbing and Widow Burning: The Ethical Arlt SO REVISTA DE ESTUDIOS HISPANICOS LA English DT Article C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Garth, TS (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU REVISTA DE ESTUDIOS HISPANICOS PI ST LOUIS PA WASHINGTON UNIV, BOX 1077, DEPT ROMANCE LANG, ONE BROOKINGS DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63130-4899 USA SN 0034-818X J9 REV ESTUD HISPAN JI Rev. Estud. Hisp. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 43 IS 3 BP 525 EP 543 PG 19 WC Literature, Romance SC Literature GA 523HH UT WOS:000272062700004 ER PT J AU Picard, YN Twigg, ME Caldwell, JD Eddy, CR Mastro, MA Holm, RT AF Picard, Y. N. Twigg, M. E. Caldwell, J. D. Eddy, C. R., Jr. Mastro, M. A. Holm, R. T. TI Resolving the Burgers vector for individual GaN dislocations by electron channeling contrast imaging SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Nitrides; Dislocations; Scanning electron microscopy (SEM); Chemical vapor deposition (CVD); Electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI) ID SURFACE STRESS-RELAXATION; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; THREADING DISLOCATIONS; GROWTH; MORPHOLOGY; SAPPHIRE; IMAGES AB We report evidence for non-destructive determination of dislocation type and Burgers vector direction in GaN using electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI) inside a scanning electron microscope. Forescattered electron intensity fluctuations generated by threading dislocations exhibit characteristic spatial profiles indicative of dislocation type (screw, edge) and Burgers vector direction. Simulated channeling contrast features by two-beam dynamical diffraction calculations show qualitative agreement with recorded images. Forescatter ECCI sensitivity to atomic steps and low-angle grain boundaries in GaN allow for additional confirmation. (C) 2009 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Picard, Y. N.; Twigg, M. E.; Caldwell, J. D.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.; Mastro, M. A.; Holm, R. T.] USN, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Picard, YN (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM ypicard@cmu.edu RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008; OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168; Picard, Yoosuf/0000-0002-2853-5213 FU Office of Naval Research; National Research Council FX The authors thank P.G. Neudeck, A.J. Trunek, and J.A. Powell for providing engineered 4H-SiC substrates for this study. The authors are grateful for financial support from the Office of Naval Research and the National Research Council. NR 22 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 61 IS 8 BP 773 EP 776 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2009.06.021 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 493EH UT WOS:000269716000001 ER PT J AU Yoo, JH Restorff, JB Wun-Fogle, M Flatau, AB AF Yoo, J-H Restorff, J. B. Wun-Fogle, M. Flatau, A. B. TI Induced magnetic anisotropy in stress-annealed Galfenol laminated rods SO SMART MATERIALS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems CY OCT 28-30, 2008 CL Ellicot, MD SP ASME, Nanotechnol Inst ID GA-AL ALLOYS; MAGNETOSTRICTIVE PROPERTIES; FE-GA AB Iron-gallium (Galfenol) is a promising transducer material that combines high magnetostriction, desirable mechanical properties and a high permeability. The high permeability of this material causes a relatively low cutoff frequency in dynamic applications, above which eddy currents form and introduce significant power losses. To reduce the eddy current losses, magnetostrictive drivers are commonly laminated. A second transducer design consideration is the introduction of an initial alignment of domains inside of the material to maximize the magnetostriction performance without a prestress mechanism. Built-in uniaxial magnetic anisotropy through stress annealing aligns magnetic moments perpendicular to the direction of actuation. Stress annealing is a high temperature process with simultaneous application of an external load and subsequent cooling under load in which the magnetic moment alignment developed at temperature is retained. The external load needed to build in a useful uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in Galfenol is greater than the buckling load for Galfenol laminae sized for use in high frequency dynamic applications. In this study, stress annealing of highly textured polycrystalline Galfenol is successfully extended to thin laminae by introducing fixtures to avoid buckling of the laminae under compression during the heat treatment process. The maximum built-in uniaxial anisotropy was 11.2 kJ m-(3). C1 [Yoo, J-H; Flatau, A. B.] Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Restorff, J. B.; Wun-Fogle, M.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Yoo, JH (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM jhyoo@umd.edu NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0964-1726 J9 SMART MATER STRUCT JI Smart Mater. Struct. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 18 IS 10 AR 104004 DI 10.1088/0964-1726/18/10/104004 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science GA 501GD UT WOS:000270368100005 ER PT J AU Patsourakos, S Vourlidas, A Wang, YM Stenborg, G Thernisien, A AF Patsourakos, S. Vourlidas, A. Wang, Y. M. Stenborg, G. Thernisien, A. TI What Is the Nature of EUV Waves? First STEREO 3D Observations and Comparison with Theoretical Models SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Flares, dynamics; Corona ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; ULTRAVIOLET IMAGING TELESCOPE; EIT WAVES; TRANSITION REGION; QUIET-SUN; SOLAR CORONA; ACTIVE REGIONS; PROPAGATING DISTURBANCE; SOHO/EIT OBSERVATIONS; MAGNETIC-FIELD AB One of the major discoveries of the Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) on SOHO was the intensity enhancements propagating over a large fraction of the solar surface. The physical origin(s) of the so-called EIT waves is still strongly debated with either wave (primarily fast-mode MHD waves) or nonwave (pseudo-wave) interpretations. The difficulty in understanding the nature of EUV waves lies in the limitations of the EIT observations that have been used almost exclusively for their study. They suffer from low cadence and single temperature and viewpoint coverage. These limitations are largely overcome by the SECCHI/EUVI observations onboard the STEREO mission. The EUVI telescopes provide high-cadence, simultaneous multitemperature coverage and two well-separated viewpoints. We present here the first detailed analysis of an EUV wave observed by the EUVI disk imagers on 7 December 2007 when the STEREO spacecraft separation was a parts per thousand aEuro parts per thousand 45A degrees. Both a small flare and a coronal mass ejection (CME) were associated with the wave. We also offer the first comprehensive comparison of the various wave interpretations against the observations. Our major findings are as follows: (1) High-cadence (2.5-minute) 171 aEuro parts per thousand images showed a strong association between expanding loops and the wave onset and significant differences in the wave appearance between the two STEREO viewpoints during its early stages; these differences largely disappeared later; (2) the wave appears at the active region periphery when an abrupt disappearance of the expanding loops occurs within an interval of 2.5 minutes; (3) almost simultaneous images at different temperatures showed that the wave was most visible in the 1 -aEuro parts per thousand 2 MK range and almost invisible in chromospheric/transition region temperatures; (4) triangulations of the wave indicate it was rather low lying (a parts per thousand aEuro parts per thousand 90 Mm above the surface); (5) forward-fitting of the corresponding CME as seen by the COR1 coronagraphs showed that the projection of the best-fit model on the solar surface was inconsistent with the location and size of the co-temporal EUV wave; and (6) simulations of a fast-mode wave were found in good agreement with the overall shape and location of the observed wave. Our findings give significant support for a fast-mode interpretation of EUV waves and indicate that they are probably triggered by the rapid expansion of the loops associated with the CME. C1 [Patsourakos, S.] George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Vourlidas, A.; Wang, Y. M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stenborg, G.] Interferometrics Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. [Thernisien, A.] USRA, Columbia, MD USA. RP Patsourakos, S (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM patsourakos@nrl.navy.mil RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009 OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948 FU Naval Research Laboratory (USA); Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Lab (USA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA); Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK); University of Birmingham (UK); Max-Planck-Institut for Solar System Research (Germany); Centre Spatiale de Liege (Belgium); Institut d'Optique Theorique et Appliquee (France); Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (France) FX The SECCHI data used here were produced by an international consortium of the Naval Research Laboratory (USA), Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Lab (USA), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK), University of Birmingham (UK), Max-Planck-Institut for Solar System Research (Germany), Centre Spatiale de Liege (Belgium), Institut d'Optique Theorique et Appliquee (France), and Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (France). We sincerely thank the referee for many useful comments that led to a significant improvement of the manuscript. We thank G. Attrill, L. van Driel-Gesztelyi, E. Robbrecht, H. Hudson, S. Plunkett, J. Linker, S. Krucker, and M. Pick for useful discussions. NR 87 TC 72 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 EI 1573-093X J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 259 IS 1-2 BP 49 EP 71 DI 10.1007/s11207-009-9386-x PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 508AJ UT WOS:000270898200004 ER PT J AU Nistico, G Bothmer, V Patsourakos, S Zimbardo, G AF Nistico, G. Bothmer, V. Patsourakos, S. Zimbardo, G. TI Characteristics of EUV Coronal Jets Observed with STEREO/SECCHI SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Coronal holes; Helicity, observations; Magnetic reconnection, observational signatures; Jets ID X-RAY JETS; MASS EJECTIONS; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; HOLES; PARAMETERS; TELESCOPE; SECCHI; SUN AB In this paper we present the first comprehensive statistical study of EUV coronal jets observed with the SECCHI (Sun Earth Connection Coronal and Heliospheric Investigation) imaging suites of the two STEREO spacecraft. A catalogue of 79 polar jets is presented, identified from simultaneous EUV and white-light coronagraph observations, taken during the time period March 2007 to April 2008, when solar activity was at a minimum. The twin spacecraft angular separation increased during this time interval from 2 to 48 degrees. The appearances of the coronal jets were always correlated with underlying small-scale chromospheric bright points. A basic characterization of the morphology and identification of the presence of helical structure were established with respect to recently proposed models for their origin and temporal evolution. Though each jet appeared morphologically similar in the coronagraph field of view, in the sense of a narrow collimated outward flow of matter, at the source region in the low corona the jet showed different characteristics, which may correspond to different magnetic structures. A classification of the events with respect to previous jet studies shows that amongst the 79 events there were 37 Eiffel tower-type jet events, commonly interpreted as a small-scale (similar to 35 arc sec) magnetic bipole reconnecting with the ambient unipolar open coronal magnetic fields at its loop tops, and 12 lambda-type jet events commonly interpreted as reconnection with the ambient field happening at the bipole footpoints. Five events were termed micro-CME-type jet events because they resembled the classical coronal mass ejections (CMEs) but on much smaller scales. The remaining 25 cases could not be uniquely classified. Thirty-one of the total number of events exhibited a helical magnetic field structure, indicative for a torsional motion of the jet around its axis of propagation. A few jets are also found in equatorial coronal holes. In this study we present sample events for each of the jet types using both, STEREO A and STEREO B, perspectives. The typical lifetimes in the SECCHI/EUVI (Extreme UltraViolet Imager) field of view between 1.0 to 1.7 R (aS (TM)) and in SECCHI/COR1 field of view between 1.4 to 4 R (aS (TM)) are obtained, and the derived speeds are roughly estimated. In summary, the observations support the assumption of continuous small-scale reconnection as an intrinsic feature of the solar corona, with its role for the heating of the corona, particle acceleration, structuring and acceleration of the solar wind remaining to be explored in more detail in further studies. C1 [Nistico, G.; Zimbardo, G.] Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Fis, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. [Bothmer, V.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, Gottingen, Germany. [Patsourakos, S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Patsourakos, S.] George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Zimbardo, G (reprint author), Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Fis, Ponte P Bucci Cubo 31C, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. EM nisticogiuseppe@libero.it; bothmer@astro.physik.uni-goettingen.de; spatsourakos@ssd5.nrl.navy.mil; zimbardo@fis.unical.it RI Nistico, Giuseppe/A-8555-2016; OI Nistico, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2566-2820; Zimbardo, Gaetano/0000-0002-9207-2647 FU Erasmus; German Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung; Max-Planck-Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung (MPS) [50 0C 0904]; Naval Research Laboratory (USA); Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Lab (USA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA); Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK); University of Birmingham (UK); Max-Planck-Institut for Solar System Research (Germany); Centre Spatiale de Liege (Belgium); Institut d'Optique Theorique et Appliquee (France); Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (France); Italian INAF; Italian Space Agency [I/015/07/0] FX It is a pleasure to thank all the STEREO staff, without which this work would not have been possible. G.N. acknowledges support from an Erasmus grant during his stay in Goettingen. V. B. acknowledges the support of the project Stereo/Corona by the German Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung through the deutsche Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR, German Space Agency) as a collaborative effort with the Max-Planck-Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung (MPS) under grant 50 0C 0904. Stereo/Corona is a science and hardware contribution to the optical image package SECCHI, developed for the NASA STEREO mission launched in 2006. The SECCHI data used here were produced by an international consortium of the Naval Research Laboratory (USA), Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Lab (USA), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK), University of Birmingham (UK), Max-Planck-Institut for Solar System Research (Germany), Centre Spatiale de Liege (Belgium), Institut d'Optique Theorique et Appliquee (France), and Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (France). G. Z. was supported in part by the Italian INAF and by the Italian Space Agency, contract ASI n. I/015/07/0 "Esplorazione del Sistema Solare". We would like to thank the referee for his/her careful and constructive criticism, which has allowed us to substantially improve the paper. NR 22 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 259 IS 1-2 BP 87 EP 108 DI 10.1007/s11207-009-9424-8 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 508AJ UT WOS:000270898200006 ER PT J AU Xie, H St Cyr, OC Gopalswamy, N Yashiro, S Krall, J Kramar, M Davila, J AF Xie, H. St Cyr, O. C. Gopalswamy, N. Yashiro, S. Krall, J. Kramar, M. Davila, J. TI On the Origin, 3D Structure and Dynamic Evolution of CMEs Near Solar Minimum SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Corona mass ejections; 3D reconstruction; Flux rope model fit ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; FLUX ROPES; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; PROMINENCE; GEOMETRY; MODEL; LASCO; TRANSIENT; FLARE; MOTION AB We have conducted a statistical study 27 coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from January 2007 - June 2008, using the stereoscopic views of STEREO SECCHI A and B combined with SOHO LASCO observations. A flux-rope model, in conjunction with 3D triangulations, has been used to reconstruct the 3D structures and determine the actual speeds of CMEs. The origin and the dynamic evolution of the CMEs are investigated using COR1, COR2 and EUVI images. We have identified four types of solar surface activities associated with CMEs: i) total eruptive prominence (totEP), ii) partially eruptive prominence (PEP), iii) X-ray flare, and iv) X-type magnetic structure (X-line). Among the 27 CMEs, 18.5% (5 of 27) are associated with totEPs, 29.6% (8 of 27) are associated with PEPs, 26% (7 of 27) are flare related, and 26% (7 of 27) are associated with X-line structures, and 43% (3 of 7) are associated with both X-line structures and PEPs. Three (11%) could not be associated with any detectable activity. The mean actual speeds for totEP-CMEs, PEP-CMEs, flare-CMEs, and X-line-CMEs are 404 km s(-1),247 km s(-1),909 km s(-1), and 276 km s(-1), respectively; the average mean values of edge-on and broadside widths for the 27 CMEs are 52 and 85 degrees, respectively. We found that slow CMEs (Va parts per thousand currency sign400 km s(-1)) tend to deflect towards and propagate along the streamer belts due to the deflections by the strong polar magnetic fields of corona holes, while some faster CMEs show opposite deflections away from the streamer belts. C1 [Xie, H.; Yashiro, S.; Kramar, M.] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [St Cyr, O. C.; Gopalswamy, N.; Davila, J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Krall, J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Xie, H (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. EM hong.xie@nasa.gov RI Gopalswamy, Nat/D-3659-2012 FU NASA [NNX07A110G] FX The authors are thankful to William Thompson for developing solar software that assisted the data processing and 3D triangulations. H. X. would like to thank Holly Gilbert, Jim Klimchuk, and Bernard Kliem for valuable discussions. M. K. thanks Gordon Petrie for useful comments about potential field reconstruction methods, and Janet Luhmann whose potential field reconstruction code was used. H. X. is partially supported by NASA grant NNX07A110G. NR 53 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 EI 1573-093X J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 259 IS 1-2 BP 143 EP 161 DI 10.1007/s11207-009-9422-x PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 508AJ UT WOS:000270898200009 ER PT J AU Wood, BE Howard, RA Thernisien, A Plunkett, SP Socker, DG AF Wood, B. E. Howard, R. A. Thernisien, A. Plunkett, S. P. Socker, D. G. TI Reconstructing the 3D Morphology of the 17 May 2008 CME SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Coronal mass ejections, initiation and propagation; Coronal mass ejections, interplanetary ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; SOLAR-WIND; EARTH; SUN AB We model the kinematics and three-dimensional distribution of mass in a coronal mass ejection (CME) observed on 17 May 2008, using a comprehensive analysis of STEREO images of the CME. The CME is a surprisingly fast one for solar minimum, reaching velocities of up to 1120 km s(-1). It can be followed continuously from inception all the way out to 1 AU. We find that the appearance of the CME can be modeled reasonably well as a combination of two distinct fronts that expand outward in a self-similar fashion. The model implies that STEREO-B is struck by the weaker of these two fronts on 19 May, and the in situ instruments on STEREO-B do see a weak density and magnetic field enhancement at the expected time. C1 [Wood, B. E.; Howard, R. A.; Thernisien, A.; Plunkett, S. P.; Socker, D. G.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wood, BE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brian.wood@nrl.navy.mil FU NRL (USA); LMSAL (USA); NASA/GSFC (USA); RAL (UK); UBHAM (UK); MPS (Germany); CSL (Belgium); IOTA (France); IAS (France); USAF Space Test Program; ONR; NASA [NAS5-00132, NAS5-00133] FX We would like to thank Neil Sheeley for helpful discussions about this CME. The STEREO/SECCHI data are produced by a consortium of NRL (USA), LMSAL (USA), NASA/GSFC (USA), RAL (UK), UBHAM (UK), MPS (Germany), CSL (Belgium), IOTA (France), and IAS (France). In addition to funding by NASA, NRL also received support from the USAF Space Test Program and ONR. In addition to SECCHI, this work has also made use of data provided by the STEREO PLASTIC and IMPACT teams, supported by NASA Contract Nos. NAS5-00132 and NAS5-00133. NR 30 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 259 IS 1-2 BP 163 EP 178 DI 10.1007/s11207-009-9391-0 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 508AJ UT WOS:000270898200010 ER PT J AU Morrill, JS Howard, RA Vourlidas, A Webb, DF Kunkel, V AF Morrill, J. S. Howard, R. A. Vourlidas, A. Webb, D. F. Kunkel, V. TI The Impact of Geometry on Observations of CME Brightness and Propagation SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Coronal mass ejection; Solar corona; LASCO; SMEI; SECCHI ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; SOLAR-WIND; IMAGER SMEI; EVOLUTION; EARTH; TRANSIENT; DENSITY; SECCHI; LASCO; FLUX AB Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) have a significant impact on space weather and geomagnetic storms and so have been the subject of numerous studies. Most CME observations have been made while these events are near the Sun (e.g., SOHO/LASCO). Recent data from the Coriolis/SMEI and STEREO/SECCHI-HI instruments have imaged CMEs farther into the heliosphere. Analyses of CME observations near the Sun measure the properties of these events by assuming that the emission is in the plane of the sky and hence the speed and mass are lower limits to the true values. However, this assumption cannot be used to analyze optical observations of CMEs far from the Sun, such as observations from SMEI and SECCHI-HI, since the CME source is likely to be far from the limb. In this paper we consider the geometry of observations made by LASCO, SMEI, and SECCHI. We also present results that estimate both CME speed and trajectory by fitting the CME elongations observed by these instruments. Using a constant CME speed does not generally produce profiles that fit observations at both large and small elongation, simultaneously. We include the results of a simple empirical model that alters the CME speed to an estimated value of the solar wind speed to simulate the effect of drag on the propagating CME. This change in speed improves the fit between the model and observations over a broad range of elongations. C1 [Morrill, J. S.; Howard, R. A.; Vourlidas, A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Webb, D. F.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA. [Webb, D. F.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA USA. [Kunkel, V.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Morrill, JS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jeff.morrill@nrl.navy.mil; david.webb@hanscom.af.mil; valbona.kunkel@nrl.navy.mil RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009 OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948 FU NASA [NNG05HL34I, NNG05GF98G]; LASCO; SECCHI MODA; US Air Force Research Laboratory; NASA; University of California at San Diego; University of Birmingham (UK); Boston College; Boston University; US Air Force; University of Birmingham; Naval Research Laboratory (USA); Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Lab (USA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA); Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK); Max-Planck-Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung (Germany); Centre Spatial de Liege (Belgium); Institut d'Optique Theorique et Appliquee (France); Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (France) FX This work was sponsored by NASA Grant Nos. NNG05HL34I and NNG05GF98G and by LASCO and SECCHI MO&DA funding. SMEI is a collaborative project of the US Air Force Research Laboratory, NASA, the University of California at San Diego, the University of Birmingham (UK), Boston College, and Boston University. Financial support has been provided by the US Air Force, the University of Birmingham, and NASA. The STEREO/SECCHI project is an international consortium of the Naval Research Laboratory (USA), Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Lab (USA), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK), University of Birmingham (UK), Max-Planck-Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung (Germany), Centre Spatial de Liege (Belgium), Institut d'Optique Theorique et Appliquee (France), and Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (France). The Heliospheric Imager (HI) instrument was developed by a collaboration that included the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory and the University of Birmingham, both in the United Kingdom, the Centre Spatial de Liege (CSL), Belgium, and the US Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Washington DC, USA. We also acknowledge use of the CME catalog that is generated and maintained at the CDAW Data Center by NASA and The Catholic University of America in cooperation with the Naval Research Laboratory (http://cdaw.gsfc.nasa.gov/CME_list). SOHO is a project of international cooperation between ESA and NASA. NR 39 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 259 IS 1-2 BP 179 EP 197 DI 10.1007/s11207-009-9403-0 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 508AJ UT WOS:000270898200011 ER PT J AU Antunes, A Thernisien, A Yahil, A AF Antunes, A. Thernisien, A. Yahil, A. TI Hybrid Reconstruction to Derive 3D Height -aEuro parts per thousand Time Evolution for Coronal Mass Ejections SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Coronal mass ejections; Initiation and propagation ID FLUX-ROPE; LASCO; EIT; EARTH AB We present a hybrid combination of forward and inverse reconstruction methods using multiple observations of a coronal mass ejection (CME) to derive the three-dimensional (3D) "true" height -aEuro parts per thousand time plots for individual CME components. We apply this hybrid method to the components of the 31 December 2007 CME. This CME, observed clearly in both the STEREO A and STEREO B COR2 white-light coronagraphs, evolves asymmetrically across the 15-solar-radius field of view within a span of three hours. The method has two reconstruction steps. We fit a boundary envelope for the potential 3D CME shape using a flux-rope-type model oriented to best match the observations. Using this forward model as a constraining envelope, we then run an inverse reconstruction, solving for the simplest underlying 3D electron density distribution that can, when rendered, reproduce the observed coronagraph data frames. We produce plots for each segment to establish the 3D or "true" height -aEuro parts per thousand time plots for each center of mass as well as for the bulk CME motion, and we use these plots along with our derived density profiles to estimate the CME's asymmetric expansion rate. C1 [Antunes, A.; Thernisien, A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Antunes, A.] CNR, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Thernisien, A.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Yahil, A.] ImageRecon LLC, Stony Brook, NY USA. RP Antunes, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM alexander.antunes@nrl.navy.mil FU SECCHI mission; Naval Research Laboratory (USA); Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Lab (USA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA); Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK); University of Birmingham (UK); Max-Planck-Institut for Solar System Research (Germany); Centre Spatiale de Liege (Belgium); Institut d'Optique Theorique et Appliquee (France); Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (France); National Research Council Research Associateship Award FX The authors thank the STEREO SECCHI consortia for supplying their data. Part of this work were funded by the SECCHI mission. The SECCHI data used here were produced by an international consortium of the Naval Research Laboratory (USA), Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Lab (USA), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK), University of Birmingham (UK), Max-Planck-Institut for Solar System Research (Germany), Centre Spatiale de Liege (Belgium), Institut d'Optique Theorique et Appliquee (France), and Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (France). This research was performed while A. Antunes held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 22 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 259 IS 1-2 BP 199 EP 212 DI 10.1007/s11207-009-9409-7 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 508AJ UT WOS:000270898200012 ER PT J AU Gopalswamy, N Thompson, WT Davila, JM Kaiser, ML Yashiro, S Makela, P Michalek, G Bougeret, JL Howard, RA AF Gopalswamy, N. Thompson, W. T. Davila, J. M. Kaiser, M. L. Yashiro, S. Maekelae, P. Michalek, G. Bougeret, J. -L. Howard, R. A. TI Relation Between Type II Bursts and CMEs Inferred from STEREO Observations SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Coronal mass ejections; Type II radio bursts; Shocks; Flares; Dynamic spectrum ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; RADIO-BURSTS; SOLAR ERUPTIONS; SHOCK-WAVES; NEAR-SUN; ACCELERATION; MISSION; LASCO AB The inner coronagraph (COR1) of the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) mission has made it possible to observe CMEs in the spatial domain overlapping with that of the metric type II radio bursts. The type II bursts were associated with generally weak flares (mostly B and C class soft X-ray flares), but the CMEs were quite energetic. Using CME data for a set of type II bursts during the declining phase of solar cycle 23, we determine the CME height when the type II bursts start, thus giving an estimate of the heliocentric distance at which CME-driven shocks form. This distance has been determined to be similar to 1.5R (s) (solar radii), which coincides with the distance at which the Alfv,n speed profile has a minimum value. We also use type II radio observations from STEREO/WAVES and Wind/WAVES observations to show that CMEs with moderate speed drive either weak shocks or no shock at all when they attain a height where the Alfv,n speed peaks (similar to 3R (s) -aEuro parts per thousand 4R (s)). Thus the shocks seem to be most efficient in accelerating electrons in the heliocentric distance range of 1.5R (s) to 4R (s). By combining the radial variation of the CME speed in the inner corona (CME speed increase) and interplanetary medium (speed decrease) we were able to correctly account for the deviations from the universal drift-rate spectrum of type II bursts, thus confirming the close physical connection between type II bursts and CMEs. The average height (similar to 1.5R (s)) of STEREO CMEs at the time of type II bursts is smaller than that (2.2R (s)) obtained for SOHO (Solar and Heliospheric Observatory) CMEs. We suggest that this may indicate, at least partly, the density reduction in the corona between the maximum and declining phases, so a given plasma level occurs closer to the Sun in the latter phase. In two cases, there was a diffuse shock-like feature ahead of the main body of the CME, indicating a standoff distance of 1R (s) -aEuro parts per thousand 2R (s) by the time the CME left the LASCO field of view. C1 [Gopalswamy, N.; Thompson, W. T.; Davila, J. M.; Kaiser, M. L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Yashiro, S.] Interferometrics, Herndon, VA USA. [Maekelae, P.; Michalek, G.] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Bougeret, J. -L.] Observ Paris, Meudon, France. [Howard, R. A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gopalswamy, N (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. EM nat.gopalswamy@nasa.gov RI Gopalswamy, Nat/D-3659-2012; Thompson, William/D-7376-2012 FU Naval Research Laboratory (USA); Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysical Laboratory (USA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA); Max Planck Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung (Germany); Centre Spatial de Liege (Belgium); University of Birmingham (UK); Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK); Institut d'Optique (France); Institute d'Astrophysique Spatiale (France) FX The SECCHI instrument was constructed by a consortium of international institutions: the Naval Research Laboratory (USA), the Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysical Laboratory (USA), the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA), the Max Planck Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung (Germany), the Centre Spatial de Liege (Belgium), the University of Birmingham (UK), the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK), the Institut d'Optique (France), and the Institute d'Astrophysique Spatiale (France). The S/WAVES instrument was built by a consortium including Observatoire de Paris (France), University of California at Berkeley (USA), University of Minnesota (USA), NASA Goddard Space FlightCenter (USA), and AAS Space Research Institute (Austria). SOHO is a project of international collaboration between ESA and NASA. We thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments. NR 37 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 259 IS 1-2 BP 227 EP 254 DI 10.1007/s11207-009-9382-1 PG 28 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 508AJ UT WOS:000270898200014 ER PT J AU Simunac, KDC Kistler, LM Galvin, AB Lee, MA Popecki, MA Farrugia, C Moebius, E Blush, LM Bochsler, P Wurz, P Klecker, B Wimmer-Schweingruber, RF Thompson, B Luhmann, JG Russell, CT Howard, RA AF Simunac, K. D. C. Kistler, L. M. Galvin, A. B. Lee, M. A. Popecki, M. A. Farrugia, C. Moebius, E. Blush, L. M. Bochsler, P. Wurz, P. Klecker, B. Wimmer-Schweingruber, R. F. Thompson, B. Luhmann, J. G. Russell, C. T. Howard, R. A. TI In Situ Observations of Solar Wind Stream Interface Evolution SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COROTATING INTERACTION REGIONS; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; CORONAL HOLES; INTERPLANETARY MEDIUM; STEREO; ACE AB The heliocentric orbits of the two STEREO satellites are similar in radius and ecliptic latitude, with separation in longitude increasing by about 45A degrees per year. This arrangement provides a unique opportunity to study the evolution of stream interfaces near 1 AU over time scales of hours to a few days, much less than the period of a Carrington rotation. Assuming nonevolving solar wind sources that corotate with the Sun, we calculated the expected time and longitude of arrival of stream interfaces at the Ahead observatory based on the in situ solar wind speeds measured at the Behind observatory. We find agreement to within 5A degrees between the expected and actual arrival longitude until the spacecraft are separated by more than 20A degrees in heliocentric inertial longitude. This corresponds to about one day between the measurement times. Much larger deviations, up to 25A degrees in longitude, are observed after 20A degrees separation. Some of the deviations can be explained by a latitude difference between the spacecraft, but other deviations most likely result from evolution of the source region. Both remote and in situ measurements show that changes at the source boundary can occur on a time scale much shorter than one solar rotation. In 32 of 41 cases, the interface was observed earlier than expected at STEREO/Ahead. C1 [Simunac, K. D. C.; Kistler, L. M.; Galvin, A. B.; Lee, M. A.; Popecki, M. A.; Farrugia, C.; Moebius, E.; Bochsler, P.] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Blush, L. M.; Bochsler, P.; Wurz, P.] Univ Bern, Inst Phys, Bern, Switzerland. [Klecker, B.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-37075 Garching, Germany. [Wimmer-Schweingruber, R. F.] Univ Kiel, Inst Expt & Appl Phys, Kiel, Germany. [Thompson, B.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Luhmann, J. G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Russell, C. T.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Howard, R. A.] USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Simunac, KDC (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM ksimunac@cisunix.unh.edu RI Thompson, Barbara/C-9429-2012; Galvin, Antoinette/A-6114-2013; Russell, Christopher/E-7745-2012; OI Russell, Christopher/0000-0003-1639-8298; Moebius, Eberhard/0000-0002-2745-6978 FU NASA [NAS5-00132] FX This work was supported under NASA Contract No. NAS5-00132. This work utilizes data obtained by the Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) Program, managed by the National Solar Observatory, which is operated by AURA, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The GONG data were acquired by instruments operated by the Big Bear Solar Observatory, High Altitude Observatory, Learmonth Solar Observatory, Udaipur Solar Observatory, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, and Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory. The authors are grateful to the IMPACT team for their data. The SECCHI instrument was constructed by a consortium of international institutions: the Naval Research Laboratory (USA), the Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysical Laboratory (USA), the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA), the Max Planck Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung (Germany), the Centre Spatial de Liege (Belgium), the University of Birmingham (UK), the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK), the Institut d'Optique (France), and the Institute d'Astrophysique Spatiale (France). NR 24 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 259 IS 1-2 BP 323 EP 344 DI 10.1007/s11207-009-9393-y PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 508AJ UT WOS:000270898200019 ER PT J AU Cadigan, J Schmitt, P Shupp, R Swope, K AF Cadigan, John Schmitt, Pamela Shupp, Robert Swope, Kurtis TI An Experimental Study of the Holdout Problem in a Multilateral Bargaining Game SO SOUTHERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LAND ASSEMBLY PROBLEM; ECONOMIC-ANALYSIS; EMINENT DOMAIN; COMPENSATION; PAID AB When an economic exchange requires agreement by multiple independent parties, the potential exists for an individual to strategically delay agreement in an attempt to capture a greater share of the surplus created by the exchange. This "holdout problem" is a common feature of the land-assembly literature because development frequently requires the assembly of multiple parcels of land. We use experimental methods to examine holdout behavior in a laboratory bargaining game that involves multi-person groups, complementary exchanges, and holdout externalities. The results of six treatments that vary the bargaining institution, number of bargaining periods, and cost of delay demonstrate that holdout is common across institutions and is, on average, a payoff-improving strategy for responders. Both proposers and responders take a more aggressive initial bargaining stance in multi-period bargaining treatments relative to single-period treatments, but take a less aggressive bargaining stance when delay is costly. Nearly all exchanges eventually occur in our multi-period treatments, leading to higher overall efficiency relative to the single-period treatments, both with and without delay costs. C1 [Schmitt, Pamela; Swope, Kurtis] USN Acad, Dept Econ, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Cadigan, John] Gettysburg Coll, Dept Econ, Gettysburg, PA 17325 USA. [Shupp, Robert] Michigan State Univ, Dept Agr Econ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Schmitt, P (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Econ, 589 McNair Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM jcadigan@gettysburg.edu; pschmitt@usna.edu; shupprob@anr.msu.edu; swope@usna.edu RI Shupp, Robert/I-5635-2012 NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 17 PU UNIV NORTH CAROLINA PI CHAPEL HILL PA SOUTHERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, CHAPEL HILL, NC 27514 USA SN 0038-4038 J9 SOUTH ECON J JI South. Econ. J. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 76 IS 2 BP 444 EP 457 DI 10.4284/sej.2009.76.2.444 PG 14 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 511NY UT WOS:000271173700008 ER PT J AU Pema, E Mehay, S AF Pema, Elda Mehay, Stephen TI The Effect of High School JROTC on Student Achievement, Educational Attainment, and Enlistment SO SOUTHERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ECONOMETRIC EVALUATION ESTIMATOR; CATHOLIC-SCHOOLS; PROPENSITY SCORE; SELECTION; PROGRAM AB The Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps (JROTC) is a high school initiative that serves many at-risk students. Its goals range from reducing dropout rates and improving academic achievement to preparing students for military careers. Using data from High School and Beyond (HSB) and the National Educational Longitudinal Study (NELS), we estimate average treatment effects on students attending schools that typically host JROTC. Applying a two-stage matching technique, we Find that JROTC participants have poorer academic outcomes than other students; although, a large portion of these differences is explained by their at-risk status. In addition, program effects appear to differ by demographic group, with black participants having lower dropout rates than white participants. The program also appears to improve self-esteem scores of females. Although the majority of JROTC participants do not join the military, we find large marginal enlistment effects. C1 [Pema, Elda; Mehay, Stephen] USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Pema, E (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, 555 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM epema@nps.edu; smehay@nps.edu NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU UNIV NORTH CAROLINA PI CHAPEL HILL PA SOUTHERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, CHAPEL HILL, NC 27514 USA SN 0038-4038 J9 SOUTH ECON J JI South. Econ. J. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 76 IS 2 BP 533 EP 552 DI 10.4284/sej.2009.76.2.533 PG 20 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 511NY UT WOS:000271173700014 ER PT J AU Dooman, CS Jones, D AF Dooman, Clifford S. Jones, Dee TI Down, But Not Out: In-Season Resistance Training for the Injured Collegiate Football Player SO STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE college football; injury; in season; training program; squat; deadlift; bench press ID PERFORMANCE ADAPTATIONS; STIMULUS AB COLLEGIATE FOOTBALL PLAYERS RISK AND OFTEN SUSTAIN INJURIES DURING THE COMPETITIVE FOOTBALL SEASON. ALTHOUGH INJURY MAY SIDELINE ATHLETES, IT DOES NOT HAVE TO ADVERSELY AFFECT THEIR PARTICIPATION IN THE IN-SEASON RESISTANCE TRAINING PROGRAM. IN FACT, STRENGTH TRAINING DURING THE REHABILITATION PHASE IS CRITICAL. INJURED ATHLETES WHO EFFICIENTLY USE TIME SPENT AWAY FROM TEAM PRACTICE AND COMPETITION, AND CONTINUE TO PREPARE FOR GAME DAY, WILL HAVE A MORE EFFECTIVE RETURN TO THE PLAYING FIELD. C1 [Dooman, Clifford S.; Jones, Dee] USN Acad, Dept Athlet Phys Educ, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Dooman, CS (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Athlet Phys Educ, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1524-1602 J9 STRENGTH COND J JI Strength Cond. J. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 31 IS 5 BP 59 EP 68 DI 10.1519/SSC.0b013e3181b9983e PG 10 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 614PS UT WOS:000279072800005 ER PT J AU Xu, Q Nai, K Wei, L Zhao, QY AF Xu, Qin Nai, Kang Wei, Li Zhao, Qingyun TI An unconventional approach for assimilating aliased radar radial velocities SO TELLUS SERIES A-DYNAMIC METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID ERROR COVARIANCE FUNCTIONS; PARAMETERIZED DISCONTINUITIES; GENERALIZED ADJOINT; DOPPLER VELOCITIES; PHYSICAL PROCESSES; DEALIASING SCHEME; WIND; INFORMATION; PREDICTION; SYSTEM AB An aliasing operator is introduced to mimic the effect of aliasing that causes discontinuities in radial-velocity observations, and to modify the observation term in the costfunction for direct assimilations of aliased radar radial-velocity observations into numerical models. It is found that if the aliasing operator is treated as a part of the observation operator and applied to the analysed radial velocity in a conventional way, then the analysis is not ensured to be aliased (or not aliased) in consistency with the aliased (or not aliased) observation at every observation point. Thus, the analysis-minus-observation term contains a large alias error whenever an inconsistency occurs at an observation point. This causes fine-structure discontinuities in the costfunction. An unconventional approach is thus introduced to apply the aliasing operator to the entire analysis-minus-observation term at each observation point in the observation term of the costfunction. With this approach, the costfunction becomes smooth and concave upwards in the vicinity of the global minimum. The usefulness of this approach for directly assimilating aliased radar radial-velocity observations under certain conditions is demonstrated by illustrative examples. C1 [Xu, Qin] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA. [Nai, Kang; Wei, Li] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Zhao, Qingyun] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. RP Xu, Q (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA. EM qin.xu@noaa.gov FU ONR [N000140410312]; NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research [NA17RJ1227]; U.S. Department of Commerce FX The authors are thankful to Dr. Dick Doviak, Dr. David Parrish, and the anonymous reviewer for their comments and suggestions that improved the presentation of the results. The research was supported by the ONR Grant N000140410312 to the University of Oklahoma. Funding was also provided by NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement #NA17RJ1227, U.S. Department of Commerce. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0280-6495 J9 TELLUS A JI Tellus Ser. A-Dyn. Meteorol. Oceanol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 61 IS 5 BP 621 EP 630 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0870.2009.00412.x PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA 494JX UT WOS:000269810000006 ER PT J AU Scharf, TW Singer, IL AF Scharf, T. W. Singer, I. L. TI Role of the Transfer Film on the Friction and Wear of Metal Carbide Reinforced Amorphous Carbon Coatings During Run-in SO TRIBOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Solid lubrication friction; Solid lubricants; Solid lubricated wear; Coatings; Friction-reducing; Wear-resistant; Friction; Wear; Transfer film; In situ tribology; Metal-doped diamond-like carbon (DLC); Metal carbide-reinforced amorphous carbon coatings ID DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; NANOCOMPOSITE TRIBOLOGICAL COATINGS; SITU RAMAN TRIBOMETRY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SUPERLOW FRICTION; SLIDING CONTACT; 3RD BODIES; BEHAVIOR; LAYERS AB The relationship between friction, wear, and transfer films of three metal carbide-reinforced amorphous carbon coatings (TiC/a:C, TiC/a:C-H, and WC/a:C-H), sometimes referred to as metal-doped diamond-like carbon coatings, has been investigated. Tribological tests were performed in an in situ tribometer with sapphire or steel hemispheres run against coated flats in dry or ambient air. The sliding contact interface was observed and recorded by optical microscopy during reciprocating sliding tests. The friction and wear behavior during run-in depended on the number of sliding cycles to form a stationary transfer film on the hemisphere. Stationary transfer films formed rapidly (within ten cycles) and the friction coefficient fell to 0.2 (ambient air) or 0.1 (dry air), except with sapphire against WC/a:C-H in dry air; with the latter, a stationary transfer film required nearly 100 cycles to form, during which the friction remained high and the wear rate was from 10 to 100 times higher than the other two coatings. For all coatings, three velocity accommodation modes (VAM) were observed from run-in to steady-state sliding and were correlated with the friction and wear behavior. The delayed adherence of the transfer film to sapphire from WC/a:C-H coatings in dry air is discussed in terms of equilibrium thermochemistry. Friction and wear behavior during run-in, therefore, depended on transfer film adherence to the hemisphere and the VAM between transfer films and the coating. C1 [Scharf, T. W.] Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Singer, I. L.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Scharf, TW (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA. EM scharf@unt.edu FU ASEE; American Chemical Society [46915-G5] FX The authors thank Gary Doll and Ryan Evans at The Timken Company for depositing experimental coating samples and helpful comments. We thank Nimel Theodore, Kathy Wahl, and John Russell at NRL for reviewing the manuscript. We also thank the ONR for partially funding the research. One of the authors (T. W. S.) thanks the ASEE for his Post-Doctoral Research Fellowship while at NRL and acknowledges the Donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund for partial support under Award No. 46915-G5. NR 45 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 8 U2 37 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1023-8883 EI 1573-2711 J9 TRIBOL LETT JI Tribol. Lett. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 36 IS 1 BP 43 EP 53 DI 10.1007/s11249-009-9457-z PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 486QG UT WOS:000269212000004 ER PT J AU Nachamkin, JE AF Nachamkin, Jason E. TI Application of the Composite Method to the Spatial Forecast Verification Methods Intercomparison Dataset SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article ID PRECIPITATION FORECASTS; HORIZONTAL RESOLUTION; SYSTEMS AB The composite method is applied to verify a series of idealized and real precipitation forecasts as part of the Spatial Forecast Verification Methods Intercomparison Project. The test cases range from simple geometric shapes to high-resolution (similar to 4 km) numerical model precipitation output. The performance of the composite method is described as it is applied to each set of forecasts. In general, the method performed well because it was able to relay information concerning spatial displacement and areal coverage errors. Summary scores derived from the composite means and the individual events displayed relevant information in a condensed form. The composite method also showed an ability to discern performance attributes from high-resolution precipitation forecasts from several competing model configurations, though the results were somewhat limited by the lack of data. Overall, the composite method proved to be most sensitive in revealing systematic displacement errors, while it was less sensitive to systematic model biases. C1 USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Nachamkin, JE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jason.nachamkin@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research ( ONR) [N0001408WX21169]; National Science Foundation FX This research is supported by the Office of Naval Research ( ONR) through Program Element N0001408WX21169. The Spatial Forecast Verification Methods Intercomparison Project was coordinated by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). NCAR is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. Eric Gilleland coordinated the verification intercomparison project and distributed data to the participants. Mike Baldwin, Barbara Casati, and Beth Ebert provided forecast and observation data for the project. The WRF Spring/Summer High-Resolution Forecast Experiment data were provided by the National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL), the Storm Prediction Center (SPC), and NCAR. The three anonymous reviewers provided many helpful suggestions that greatly improved this paper. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0882-8156 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 24 IS 5 BP 1390 EP 1400 DI 10.1175/2009WAF2222225.1 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 517NU UT WOS:000271622700014 ER PT J AU Lin, JL Shinoda, T Liebmann, B Qian, TT Han, WQ Roundy, P Zhou, JY Zheng, YX AF Lin, Jia-Lin Shinoda, Toshiaki Liebmann, Brant Qian, Taotao Han, Weiqing Roundy, Paul Zhou, Jiayu Zheng, Yangxing TI Intraseasonal Variability Associated with Summer Precipitation over South America Simulated by 14 IPCC AR4 Coupled GCMs SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID ATLANTIC CONVERGENCE ZONE; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; LARGE-SCALE MODELS; CUMULUS CONVECTION; EQUATORIAL WAVES; ARAKAWA-SCHUBERT; BASIC STATE; PARAMETERIZATION; MONSOON; SCHEME AB This study evaluates the intraseasonal variability associated with summer precipitation over South America in 14 coupled general circulation models (GCMs) participating in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4). Eight years of each model's twentieth-century climate simulation are analyzed. Two dominant intraseasonal bands associated with summer precipitation over South America are focused on: the 40- and the 22-day band. The results show that in the southern summer (November-April), most of the models underestimate seasonal mean precipitation over central-east Brazil, northeast Brazil, and the South Atlantic convergence zone (SACZ), while the Atlantic intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) is shifted southward of its observed position. Most of the models capture both the 40-and 22-day band around Uruguay, but with less frequent active episodes than observed. The models also tend to underestimate the total intraseasonal (10-90 day), the 40-, and the 22-day band variances. For the 40-day band, 10 of the 14 models simulate to some extent the 3-cell pattern around South America, and 6 models reproduce its teleconnection with precipitation in the south-central Pacific, but only 1 model simulates the teleconnection with the MJO in the equatorial Pacific, and only 3 models capture its northward propagation from 50 degrees to 32 degrees S. For the 7 models with three-dimensional data available, only 1 model reproduces well the deep baroclinic vertical structure of the 40-day band. For the 22-day band, only 6 of the 14 models capture its northward propagation from the SACZ to the Atlantic ITCZ. It is found that models with some form of moisture convective trigger tend to produce large variances for the intraseasonal bands. C1 [Lin, Jia-Lin; Qian, Taotao] Ohio State Univ, Dept Geog, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Shinoda, Toshiaki] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Liebmann, Brant; Zheng, Yangxing] NOAA, ESRL, CIRES, Climate Diagnost Ctr, Boulder, CO USA. [Qian, Taotao] Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar Res Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Han, Weiqing] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Roundy, Paul] SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Zhou, Jiayu] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, OST, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Lin, JL (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Geog, 1105 Derby Hall,154 N Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM lin.789@osu.edu RI Zheng, Yangxing/B-7965-2013; Shinoda, Toshiaki/J-3745-2016 OI Zheng, Yangxing/0000-0003-2039-1494; Shinoda, Toshiaki/0000-0003-1416-2206 FU NASA Modeling, Analysis and Prediction (MAP) Program; NSF [ATM-0745872, OCE-0453046, ATM-0745897]; Office of Naval Research (ONR) [601153N] FX Gary Russell kindly provided a detailed description of the GISS-AOM model. We acknowledge the international modeling groups for providing their data for analysis, the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) for collecting and archiving the model data, the JSC/CLIVARWorkingGroup on Coupled Modeling (WGCM) and their Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) and Climate Simulation Panel for organizing the model data analysis activity, and the IPCC WG1 TSU for technical support. The IPCC Data Archive at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is supported by the Office of Science, U. S. Department of Energy. J. L. Lin was supported by NASA Modeling, Analysis and Prediction (MAP) Program and NSF Grant ATM-0745872. T. Shinoda was supported by NSF Grants OCE-0453046 and ATM-0745897, an NOAA CPO/CVPGrant, and the 6.1 project Global Remote Littoral Forcing via Deep Water Pathways sponsored by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) under Program Element 601153N. The authors thank the three anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments that significantly improved the manuscript. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD SEP 29 PY 2009 VL 137 IS 9 BP 2931 EP 2954 DI 10.1175/2009MWR2777.1 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 501LA UT WOS:000270382200012 ER PT J AU Yaremchuk, M Nechaev, D Panteleev, G AF Yaremchuk, Max Nechaev, Dmitri Panteleev, Gleb TI A Method of Successive Corrections of the Control Subspace in the Reduced-Order Variational Data Assimilation SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL OCEAN CIRCULATION; 4D-VAR DATA ASSIMILATION; THEORETICAL ASPECTS; DIFFUSION EQUATION; ADJOINT MODEL; SYSTEM; FILTER AB A version of the reduced control space four-dimensional variational method (R4DVAR) of data assimilation into numerical models is proposed. In contrast to the conventional 4DVAR schemes, the method does not require development of the tangent linear and adjoint codes for implementation. The proposed R4DVAR technique is based on minimization of the cost function in a sequence of low-dimensional subspaces of the control space. Performance of the method is demonstrated in a series of twin-data assimilation experiments into a nonlinear quasigeostrophic model utilized as a strong constraint. When the adjoint code is stable, R4DVAR's convergence rate is comparable to that of the standard 4DVAR algorithm. In the presence of strong instabilities in the direct model, R4DVAR works better than 4DVAR whose performance is deteriorated because of the breakdown of the tangent linear approximation. Comparison of the 4DVAR and R4DVAR also shows that R4DVAR becomes advantageous when observations are sparse and noisy. C1 [Yaremchuk, Max] Univ New Orleans, Dept Phys, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. [Nechaev, Dmitri] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Panteleev, Gleb] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arct Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK USA. RP Yaremchuk, M (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7321,Bldg 1009, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM myaremch@uno.edu FU Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC); NASA [NNX07AG53G]; NOAA [NA17RJ1230]; NSF [ARC-0629400]; Office of Naval Research Program [0601153N] FX This study was supported by the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), by NASA through Grant NNX07AG53G, and by NOAA through Grant NA17RJ1230 through their sponsorship of research activities at the International Pacific Research Center. Nechaev and Panteleev were supported by the NSF Award ARC-0629400. The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions, which helped to improve this paper. This work was partly sponsored by the Office of Naval Research Program Element 0601153N as part of the project "Variational Data Assimilation for Ocean Prediction.'' NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD SEP 29 PY 2009 VL 137 IS 9 BP 2966 EP 2978 DI 10.1175/2009MWR2592.1 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 501LA UT WOS:000270382200014 ER PT J AU Barrett, BS Garreaud, RD Falvey, M AF Barrett, Bradford S. Garreaud, Rene D. Falvey, Mark TI Effect of the Andes Cordillera on Precipitation from a Midlatitude Cold Front SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID AIRBORNE DOPPLER OBSERVATIONS; MEASURING MISSION TRMM; COASTAL OROGRAPHY; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONS; SOUTHERN-HEMISPHERE; KINEMATIC STRUCTURE; VANCOUVER-ISLAND; MEAN STRUCTURE; SCALE ANALYSIS AB The effects of the Andes Cordillera, the major mountain range in South America, on precipitation patterns of baroclinic systems approaching from the southeast Pacific remain largely unstudied. This study focuses on a case in late May 2008 when an upper-level trough and surface cold front produced widespread precipitation in central Chile. The primary goal was to analyze the physical mechanisms responsible for the structure and evolution of the precipitation. Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations indicate that as an upper-level trough approached central Chile, midtropospheric flow below 700 hPa was blocked by the high topography and deflected poleward in the form of a barrier jet. This northerly jet had wind maxima in excess of 15 m s(-1), was centered around 925 hPa, and extended westward 200 km from the mountains. It intersected the cold front, which approached from the south near the coast, thereby increasing convergence along the frontal surface, slowing its equatorward progress, and enhancing rainfall over central Chile. Another separate region of heavy precipitation formed over the upwind slopes of the cordillera. A trajectory analysis confirmed that the barrier jet moved low-level parcels from their origin in the moist southeast Pacific boundary layer to the coast. When model topography was reduced to twenty percent of its original height, the cold front advanced more rapidly to the northeast, generated less precipitation in central Chile between 33 degrees and 36 degrees S, and produced minimal orographic precipitation on the upwind Andean slopes. Based on these findings, the high topography appears responsible for not only orographic precipitation but also for substantially increasing precipitation totals over the central coast and valley. C1 [Barrett, Bradford S.] USN Acad, Dept Oceanog, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. [Garreaud, Rene D.; Falvey, Mark] Univ Chile, Dept Geophys, Santiago, Chile. RP Barrett, BS (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Oceanog, 572C Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. EM bbarrett@usna.edu RI Garreaud, Rene/I-6298-2016; OI Garreaud, Rene/0000-0002-7875-2443 FU CONICYT [ACT-19] FX This project was funded by the CONICYT project ACT-19. The authors are very appreciative for the helpful comments of three anonymous reviewers and Dr. Dave Schultz, as their collective comments and suggestions have greatly improved the manuscript. We also thank Direccion de Aguas of Chile, and Mr. Dan Dawson of the University of Oklahoma, for providing access to rainfall datasets. NR 63 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD SEP 29 PY 2009 VL 137 IS 9 BP 3092 EP 3109 DI 10.1175/2009MWR2881.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 501LA UT WOS:000270382200022 ER PT J AU Cross, JD Ilic, BR Zalalutdinov, MK Zhou, W Baldwin, JW Houston, BH Craighead, HG Parpia, JM AF Cross, J. D. Ilic, B. R. Zalalutdinov, M. K. Zhou, W. Baldwin, J. W. Houston, B. H. Craighead, H. G. Parpia, J. M. TI Piezoresistive transduction in multilayer polycrystalline silicon resonators SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SILICON; CANTILEVERS; ARRAYS; FILMS AB We demonstrate piezoresistive transduction of mechanical motion from out-of-plane flexural micromechanical resonators made from stacked thin films. The resonators are fabricated from two highly doped polycrystalline silicon layers separated by an interlayer dielectric. We examine two interlayer materials: thermal silicon dioxide and stoichiometric silicon nitride. We show that via one-time dielectric breakdown, the film stack functions as a vertical piezoresistor effectively transducing the motion of the resonators. We obtain a gauge factor of similar to 5, which is sufficient to detect the resonator motion. The simple film stack constitutes a vertically oriented piezoresistor that is readily integrated with micro- and nanoscale resonators. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3241077] C1 [Cross, J. D.; Ilic, B. R.; Zhou, W.; Craighead, H. G.; Parpia, J. M.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Zalalutdinov, M. K.] Global Strategies Grp, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. [Zalalutdinov, M. K.; Baldwin, J. W.; Houston, B. H.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Cross, JD (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jdc47@cornell.edu RI Ilic, Rob/N-1359-2014 FU DARPA [HR0011-06-1-0042]; Office of Naval Research FX This research was supported at Cornell University by DARPA (Contract No. HR0011-06-1-0042) and at the Naval Research Laboratory by the Office of Naval Research. Fabrication was performed at the Cornell Nanoscale Science and Technology Facility, and certain measurements were performed at the Cornell Center for Nanoscale Systems. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 28 PY 2009 VL 95 IS 13 AR 133113 DI 10.1063/1.3241077 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 502KL UT WOS:000270458000059 ER PT J AU Randall, CE Harvey, VL Siskind, DE France, J Bernath, PF Boone, CD Walker, KA AF Randall, C. E. Harvey, V. L. Siskind, D. E. France, J. Bernath, P. F. Boone, C. D. Walker, K. A. TI NOx descent in the Arctic middle atmosphere in early 2009 SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ENHANCEMENTS; TEMPERATURE; VORTEX AB Measurements by the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment show that the amount of NOx (NO + NO2) produced by energetic particle precipitation (EPP) that descended from the Arctic mesosphere and lower thermosphere into the stratosphere in early 2009 was up to similar to 50 times higher than average in 2005, 2007 and 2008. This is of note because the level of EPP in the preceding months was very low, suggesting that excess production of NOx was not the cause of the enhancements. Rather, the enhancements are attributed to unusually strong descent in the middle atmosphere. This is the third time on record that extraordinary meteorology contributed to descent of excess NOx. The results confirm that EPP impacts on the middle atmosphere can be large even in the absence of exceptional EPP, and highlight the need to continually measure NOx throughout the polar region from the stratosphere to the lower thermosphere. Citation: Randall, C. E., V. L. Harvey, D. E. Siskind, J. France, P. F. Bernath, C. D. Boone, and K. A. Walker (2009), NOx descent in the Arctic middle atmosphere in early 2009, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L18811, doi: 10.1029/2009GL039706. C1 [Randall, C. E.; Harvey, V. L.; France, J.] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Bernath, P. F.] Univ York, Dept Chem, Heslington YO10 5DD, England. [Boone, C. D.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Siskind, D. E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Walker, K. A.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Randall, C. E.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Randall, CE (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Campus Box 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM cora.randall@lasp.colorado.edu RI Bernath, Peter/B-6567-2012; Randall, Cora/L-8760-2014 OI Bernath, Peter/0000-0002-1255-396X; Randall, Cora/0000-0002-4313-4397 FU NASA [NNX06AC05G, NNX06AE27G]; Canadian Space Agency; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX This work was supported by NASA grants NNX06AC05G and NNX06AE27G. The Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE), also known as SCISAT, is a Canadian-led mission mainly supported by the Canadian Space Agency and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. We thank Gloria Manney for providing us with her submitted manuscript on the 2009 winter and Tom Marshall for input on SABER temperature validation. NR 21 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 25 PY 2009 VL 36 AR L18811 DI 10.1029/2009GL039706 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 499OZ UT WOS:000270235200002 ER PT J AU Plassmeyer, ML Reiter, K Shimp, RL Kotova, S Smith, PD Hurt, DE House, B Zou, XY Zhang, YL Hickman, M Uchime, O Herrera, R Nguyen, V Glen, J Lebowitz, J Jin, AJ Miller, LH MacDonald, NJ Wu, YM Narum, DL AF Plassmeyer, Matthew L. Reiter, Karine Shimp, Richard L., Jr. Kotova, Svetlana Smith, Paul D. Hurt, Darrell E. House, Brent Zou, Xiaoyan Zhang, Yanling Hickman, Merrit Uchime, Onyinyechukwu Herrera, Raul Nguyen, Vu Glen, Jacqueline Lebowitz, Jacob Jin, Albert J. Miller, Louis H. MacDonald, Nicholas J. Wu, Yimin Narum, David L. TI Structure of the Plasmodium falciparum Circumsporozoite Protein, a Leading Malaria Vaccine Candidate SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY STRUCTURE ANALYSES; NPNA-REPEAT MOTIF; CD8+ T-CELLS; STRUCTURE PREDICTION; IMMUNOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION; INFECTED HEPATOCYTES; BERGHEI SPOROZOITES; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; HEPARAN-SULFATE AB The Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (CSP) is critical for sporozoite function and invasion of hepatocytes. Given its critical nature, a phase III human CSP malaria vaccine trial is ongoing. The CSP is composed of three regions as follows: an N terminus that binds heparin sulfate proteoglycans, a four amino acid repeat region (NANP), and a C terminus that contains a thrombospondin-like type I repeat (TSR) domain. Despite the importance of CSP, little is known about its structure. Therefore, recombinant forms of CSP were produced by expression in both Escherichia coli (Ec) and then refolded (EcCSP) or in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris (PpCSP) for structural analyses. To analyze the TSR domain of recombinant CSP, conformation-dependent monoclonal antibodies that recognized unfixed P. falciparum sporozoites and inhibited sporozoite invasion of HepG2 cells in vitro were identified. These monoclonal antibodies recognized all recombinant CSPs, indicating the recombinant CSPs contain a properly folded TSR domain structure. Characterization of both EcCSP and PpCSP by dynamic light scattering and velocity sedimentation demonstrated that both forms of CSP appeared as highly extended proteins (R(h) 4.2 and 4.58 nm, respectively). Furthermore, high resolution atomic force microscopy revealed flexible, rod-like structures with a ribbon-like appearance. Using this information, we modeled the NANP repeat and TSR domain of CSP. Consistent with the biochemical and biophysical results, the repeat region formed a rod-like structure about 21-25 nm in length and 1.5 nm in width. Thus native CSP appears as a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored, flexible rod-like protein on the sporozoite surface. C1 [Plassmeyer, Matthew L.; Reiter, Karine; Shimp, Richard L., Jr.; Zhang, Yanling; Hickman, Merrit; Uchime, Onyinyechukwu; Herrera, Raul; Nguyen, Vu; Glen, Jacqueline; Miller, Louis H.; MacDonald, Nicholas J.; Wu, Yimin; Narum, David L.] NIAID, Malaria Vaccine Dev Branch, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Kotova, Svetlana; Smith, Paul D.; Lebowitz, Jacob; Jin, Albert J.] Natl Inst Biomed Imaging & Bioengn, Lab Bioengn & Phys Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Hurt, Darrell E.] NIAID, Bioinformat & Computat Biosci Branch, Off Cyber Infrastruct Computat Biol, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [House, Brent; Zou, Xiaoyan] USN, Naval Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Narum, DL (reprint author), NIAID, Malaria Vaccine Dev Branch, NIH, 5640 Fishers Ln,Twinbrook 1, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM dnarum@niaid.nih.gov RI Zou, Xiaoyan/E-5564-2010; Hurt, Darrell/B-5076-2013; OI Hurt, Darrell/0000-0002-9829-8567; Jin, Albert/0000-0003-3826-1081 FU National Institutes of Health FX This work was supported, in whole or in part, by National Institutes of Health (Intramural Research Program, including NIAID and National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering). NR 67 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD SEP 25 PY 2009 VL 284 IS 39 BP 26951 EP 26963 DI 10.1074/jbc.M109.013706 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 496KC UT WOS:000269969600075 PM 19633296 ER PT J AU Volino, RJ Schultz, MP Flack, KA AF Volino, R. J. Schultz, M. P. Flack, K. A. TI Turbulence structure in a boundary layer with two-dimensional roughness SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID IMAGE VELOCIMETRY MEASUREMENTS; WALL TURBULENCE; CHANNEL FLOW; VORTEX PACKETS; LARGE-SCALE; REGION; SIMULATIONS; VORTICES; SMOOTH AB Turbulence measurements for a zero pressure gradient boundary layer over a two-dimensional roughness are presented and compared to previous results for a smooth wall and a three-dimensional roughness (Volino, Schultz & Flack, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 592, 2007, p. 263). The present experiments were made on transverse square bars in the fully rough flow regime. The turbulence structure was documented through the fluctuating velocity components, two-point correlations of the fluctuating velocity and swirl strength and linear stochastic estimation conditioned on the swirl and Reynolds shear stress. The two-dimensional bars lead to significant changes in the turbulence in the outer flow. Reynolds stresses, particularly (v'2) over bar (+) and -(u'v') over bar (+) increase, although the mean flow is not as significantly affected. Large-scale turbulent motions originating at the wall lead to increased spatial scales in the Outer flow. The dominant feature of the outer flow, however, remains hairpin vortex packets which have similar inclination angles for all wall conditions. The differences between boundary layers over two-dimensional and three-dimensional roughness are attributable to the scales of the motion induced by each type of roughness. This study has shown three-dimensional roughness produces turbulence scales of the order of the roughness height k while the motions generated by two-dimensional roughness may be much larger due to the width of the roughness elements. It is also noted that there are fundamental differences in the response of internal and external flows to strong wall perturbations, with internal flows being less sensitive to roughness effects. C1 [Volino, R. J.; Flack, K. A.] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Schultz, M. P.] USN Acad, Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Volino, RJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM volino@usna.edu RI Schultz, Michael/C-3670-2008; Volino, Ralph/G-9293-2011 NR 43 TC 54 Z9 57 U1 3 U2 13 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-1120 EI 1469-7645 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD SEP 25 PY 2009 VL 635 BP 75 EP 101 DI 10.1017/S0022112009007617 PG 27 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 500QK UT WOS:000270318400004 ER PT J AU Liu, X Haucke, H Vignola, JF Simpson, HJ Baldwin, JW Houston, BH Photiadis, DM AF Liu, Xiao Haucke, H. Vignola, J. F. Simpson, H. J. Baldwin, J. W. Houston, B. H. Photiadis, D. M. TI Understanding the internal friction of a silicon micro-mechanical oscillator SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Internal Friction and Mechanical Spectroscopy (ICIFMS-15) CY JUL 20-25, 2008 CL Perugia, ITALY SP Perugia Univ, Phys Dept, CNISM DE Internal friction; Micro-mechanical oscillator; Surface adsorbates; Plasma etching ID QUALITY FACTORS; CANTILEVERS AB In order to understand the consensus that mechanical loss of an oscillator increases as its size decreases, we studied the internal friction of a 1.5 mu m thick micro-mechanical oscillator with laser Doppler vibrometry. We separated the loss due to attachment by studying mode shape dependence of different vibration modes, the loss due to defects generated during plasma etching by rapid thermal annealing. loss due to surface adsorbates by its post-anneal time dependence, loss due to surface roughness by sand-blasting of a macro-mechanical oscillator. We conclude that the near surface lattice defects caused by plasma etching and surface adsorbates are the main source of the observed internal friction at room temperature. While the loss caused by plasma etching can be annealed away, the effect associated with surface adsorbates will come back after annealing. We further studied the internal friction at low temperatures and by in situ laser-flash annealing. We found that the loss associated with the surface adsorbates is responsible for an internal friction peak at about 155 K. The reversible time dependence of internal friction at room temperature is attributed to the broad tail of the peak at 155 K. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Liu, Xiao; Haucke, H.; Simpson, H. J.; Baldwin, J. W.; Houston, B. H.; Photiadis, D. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Vignola, J. F.] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Mech Engn, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Liu, X (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM xiao.liu@nrl.navy.mil NR 14 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD SEP 25 PY 2009 VL 521-22 BP 389 EP 392 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2008.10.065 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 500UJ UT WOS:000270330700095 ER PT J AU Walker, AL Liu, M Miller, SD Richardson, KA Westphal, DL AF Walker, Annette L. Liu, Ming Miller, Steven D. Richardson, Kim A. Westphal, Douglas L. TI Development of a dust source database for mesoscale forecasting in southwest Asia SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM; LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; SAHARAN DUST; MINERAL DUST; WIND EROSION; AFRICAN DUST; NONLINEAR RENORMALIZATION; PREDICTION SYSTEM; OPTICAL-THICKNESS; ADVECTIVE FLUXES AB Numerous high-resolution (1 km or better) images from satellite remote sensing platforms, i.e., space shuttle, Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor, and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, show dust plumes at the scale of 100 km originate from the merging of a multitude of point source plumes. These point source plumes stem from numerous point sources measuring 1-10s km across. Capitalizing on the Naval Research Laboratory's recently developed satellite derived 1-km Dust Enhancement Product (DEP) imagery we can readily distinguish elevated dust over land from other components of the scene and identify the many small, eroding point sources that form the heads of point source plumes. On the basis of this approach, a high-resolution (1-km) dust source database (DSD) is created using 5 years (2001-2005) of DEP imagery for southwest Asia. The performance of the Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS) using the high-resolution DSD is evaluated via a case study of a major dust event over Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan in October 2001. The results from our case study show that the improved specification of erodible land surfaces by use of a high-resolution DSD allows COAMPS to accurately model the evolution of individual dust plumes and better forecast the onset and end of dust storm occurrence (i.e., low-visibility conditions). Statistical analyses of the visibility predictions and dust storm occurrence show simulations using the high-resolution DSD have the lowest false alarm rates and the highest total prediction skill among the other DSDs that were considered. This work contributes to the growing base of knowledge concerning the global dust cycle by identifying and mapping point sources in one of the world's foremost dust-producing regions. C1 [Walker, Annette L.; Liu, Ming; Richardson, Kim A.; Westphal, Douglas L.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Miller, Steven D.] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Walker, AL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM annette.walker@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research and the Naval Research Laboratory [PE-0602435N]; Department of Defense Shared Resource Center FX The support of the Office of Naval Research and the Naval Research Laboratory through program PE-0602435N are gratefully acknowledged. This work is also supported in part by a grant of HPC time from the Department of Defense Shared Resource Center. NR 80 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 23 PY 2009 VL 114 AR D18207 DI 10.1029/2008JD011541 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 499PD UT WOS:000270235600006 ER PT J AU Wang, J Daum, PH Yum, SS Liu, YA Senum, GI Lu, ML Seinfeld, JH Jonsson, H AF Wang, Jian Daum, Peter H. Yum, Seong Soo Liu, Yangang Senum, Gunnar I. Lu, Miao-Ling Seinfeld, John H. Jonsson, Haflidi TI Observations of marine stratocumulus microphysics and implications for processes controlling droplet spectra: Results from the Marine Stratus/Stratocumulus Experiment SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID WARM-RAIN INITIATION; CUMULUS CLOUDS; NOCTURNAL STRATOCUMULUS; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; EFFECTIVE RADIUS; ENTRAINMENT; CONDENSATION; TURBULENCE; STRATUS; EVOLUTION AB During the Marine Stratus/Stratocumulus Experiment, cloud and aerosol microphysics were measured in the eastern Pacific off the coast of northern California on board Department of Energy Gulfstream-1 in July 2005. Three cases with uniform aerosol concentration and minimal drizzle concentration were examined to study cloud microphysical behavior. For these three cases, the average droplet number concentration increased with increasing altitude, while the average interstitial aerosol concentration decreased with altitude. The data show enhanced growth of large droplets and spectral broadening in cloud parcels with low liquid water mixing ratio. Three mixing models, including inhomogeneous mixing, entity type entrainment mixing, and circulation mixing proposed in this study, are examined with regard to their influences on cloud microphysics. The observed cloud microphysical behavior is most consistent with the circulation mixing, which describes the mixing between cloud parcels with different lifting condensation levels during their circulations driven by evaporative and radiative cooling. The enhanced growth and spectrum broadening resulting from the circulation mixing reduce cloud albedo at the same liquid water path and facilitate the formation of precipitation embryos. C1 [Wang, Jian; Daum, Peter H.; Liu, Yangang; Senum, Gunnar I.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Yum, Seong Soo] Yonsei Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Lu, Miao-Ling; Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Jonsson, Haflidi] USN, Postgrad Sch, Ctr Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft S, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Wang, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, 75 Rutherford Dr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM jian@bnl.gov RI Wang, Jian/G-9344-2011; Liu, Yangang/H-6154-2011 FU U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886.]; Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program [CATER 2009-3214] FX The authors thank Steven Springston, who reduced the aircraft data used in this analysis, and the flight crew of the DOE Gulfstream-1 for their excellent work. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful and constructive comments. This research was sponsored by the Atmospheric Science Program within the Office of Biological and Environmental Research of U. S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-98CH10886. Seong Soo Yum was also supported by the Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program under grant CATER 2009-3214. NR 48 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 23 PY 2009 VL 114 AR D18210 DI 10.1029/2008JD011035 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 499PD UT WOS:000270235600001 ER PT J AU Klug, CA Kroeker, S Aguiar, PM Zhou, M Stec, DF Wachs, IE AF Klug, Christopher A. Kroeker, Scott Aguiar, Pedro M. Zhou, Min Stec, Donald F. Wachs, Israel E. TI Insights into Oxygen Exchange Between Gaseous O-2 and Supported Vanadium Oxide Catalysts via O-17 NMR SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SOLID-STATE NMR; MAS NMR; ISOTOPIC EXCHANGE; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACE; V-51; OXIDATION; GELS; CRYSTALLINE AB Vanadium oxide reference compounds, KVO3 and V2O5, and supported vanadium oxide catalysts (Al2O3, TiO2, and SiO2) were investigated using magic angle sample spinning O-17 NMR. All samples were O-17-enriched using gas-solid exchange. Extraction of chemical shift and quadrupolar coupling information for the model compounds KVO3 bind V2O5 was performed via the simulation of MAS spectra obtained in one-pulse experiments and the observations were consistent with their known bulk structures. For the supported vanadia catalysts, it was found that the oxygen exchange process is dominated by O-17 signal from the catalyst oxide supports. Spectra obtained via rotor-synchronized spin echoes revealed additional wide lines for Al2O3 and TiO2 supported vanadia catalysts that arise from O-17 in the surface vanadia species of the catalysts. Additional O-17-V-51 TRAPDOR (TRAnsfer of Populations in DOUble Resonance) experiments support this assignment. The wide lines suggest that the local environments of the O-17 nuclei associated with the dehydrated Surface vanadia species are extremely heterogeneous and fall in the range of oxygen in singly (V=O) and/or doubly coordinated environments (V-O-V or V-O-Support). The relatively small total amount of O-17 associated with the surface vanadia species contrasts with oxygen exchange models which commonly assume only the surface vanadium oxide layer is involved. These results demonstrate that the isotopic exchange of molecular O-2 with Supported metal oxide catalysts, especially supported vanadia catalysts, is a much more complex process than originally perceived. C1 [Kroeker, Scott; Aguiar, Pedro M.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Chem, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Wachs, Israel E.] Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Operando Mol Spect & Catalysis Lab, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Klug, Christopher A.; Zhou, Min; Stec, Donald F.] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Klug, CA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM klug@nrl.navy.mil RI Aguiar, Pedro/E-4638-2010 OI Aguiar, Pedro/0000-0003-2423-5536 FU NSERC of Canada; NSF [0609018] FX This work supported by NSERC of Canada (S.K.), an NSF CAREER award (C.A.K.). and NSF Nanoscale Interdisciplinary Research Team (NIRT) tinder Grant 0609018 (I.E.W.). NR 46 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 36 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD SEP 22 PY 2009 VL 21 IS 18 BP 4127 EP 4134 DI 10.1021/cm802680x PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 492YP UT WOS:000269699200011 ER PT J AU Tedesco, JL VanMil, BL Myers-Ward, RL McCrate, JM Kitt, SA Campbell, PM Jernigan, GG Culbertson, JC Eddy, CR Gaskill, DK AF Tedesco, J. L. VanMil, B. L. Myers-Ward, R. L. McCrate, J. M. Kitt, S. A. Campbell, P. M. Jernigan, G. G. Culbertson, J. C. Eddy, C. R., Jr. Gaskill, D. K. TI Hall effect mobility of epitaxial graphene grown on silicon carbide SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SIO2 AB Epitaxial graphene (EG) films were grown in vacuo by silicon sublimation from the (0001) and (000 (1) over bar) faces of 4H-SiC and 6H-SiC. Hall effect mobilities and sheet carrier densities of the films were measured at 300 and 77 K and the data depended on the growth face. About 40% of the samples exhibited holes as the dominant carrier, independent of face. Generally, mobilities increased with decreasing carrier density, independent of carrier type and substrate polytype. The contributions of scattering mechanisms to the conductivities of the films are discussed. The results suggest that for near-intrinsic carrier densities at 300 K epitaxial graphene mobilities will be similar to 150 000 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) on the (000 (1) over bar) face and similar to 5800 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) on the (0001) face. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3224887] C1 [Tedesco, J. L.; VanMil, B. L.; Myers-Ward, R. L.; McCrate, J. M.; Kitt, S. A.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.; Gaskill, D. K.] USN, Res Lab, Adv Silicon Carbide Epitaxial Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Tedesco, JL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Adv Silicon Carbide Epitaxial Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joseph.tedesco.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; American Society for Engineering Education for Naval Research Laboratory Postdoctoral Fellowships; Naval Research Enterprise Intern Program FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. J.L.T. and B. L. V. acknowledge support from the American Society for Engineering Education for Naval Research Laboratory Postdoctoral Fellowships. J.M.M. and S. A. K. acknowledge support from the Naval Research Enterprise Intern Program. The authors also acknowledge M. S. Fuhrer and Y. Liu for fruitful discussions. NR 30 TC 98 Z9 98 U1 5 U2 66 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 21 PY 2009 VL 95 IS 12 AR 122102 DI 10.1063/1.3224887 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 499RX UT WOS:000270243800027 ER PT J AU Casalini, R Roland, CM AF Casalini, R. Roland, C. M. TI Anomalous properties of the local dynamics in polymer glasses SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID AMORPHOUS POLYSTYRENE; SECONDARY RELAXATIONS; BETA-RELAXATION; FORMING LIQUIDS; TEMPERATURE; TRANSITION; PRESSURE; MODEL; STATE AB We show how changes in a local, high frequency dynamic process are correlated with the macroscopic behavior of glassy polymers. Polyvinylethylenes vitrified by different chemical and thermodynamic pathways exhibit different densities in the glassy state. We find that the rate and amplitude of a high frequency relaxation mode (the Johari-Goldstein process involving local motion of segments of the chain backbone) can either correlate or anticorrelate with the density. This implies that neither the unoccupied (free) volume nor the configurational entropy governs the local dynamics in any general sense. Rather it is the magnitude of the fluctuations in local density that underlie these nanometer-scale motions. We show how properties of the dynamics and the density fluctuations can both be interpreted in terms of an asymmetric double well potential. Although the results herein are for polymers, the principles are expected to be generally applicable to glassy materials. [doi: 10.1063/1.3223279] C1 [Casalini, R.; Roland, C. M.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Casalini, R (reprint author), USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM riccardo.casalini@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors acknowledge the support of the Office of Naval Research. NR 42 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 21 PY 2009 VL 131 IS 11 AR 114501 DI 10.1063/1.3223279 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 497XG UT WOS:000270097400032 PM 19778123 ER PT J AU Brooks, DH Warren, HP AF Brooks, David H. Warren, Harry P. TI FLOWS AND MOTIONS IN MOSS IN THE CORE OF A FLARING ACTIVE REGION: EVIDENCE FOR STEADY HEATING SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona; Sun: transition region; Sun: UV radiation ID EUV IMAGING SPECTROMETER; SOFT-X-RAY; TRANSITION REGION; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET; SOLAR CORONA; HINODE; EMISSION; RESOLUTION; OUTFLOWS; MISSION AB We present new measurements of the time variability of intensity, Doppler, and nonthermal velocities in moss in an active region core observed by the EUV Imaging Spectrometer on Hinode in 2007 June. The measurements are derived from spectral profiles of the Fe XII 195 angstrom line. Using the 2 '' slit, we repeatedly scanned 150 '' by 150 '' in a few minutes. This is the first time it has been possible to make such velocity measurements in the moss, and the data presented are the highest cadence spatially resolved maps of moss Doppler and nonthermal velocities ever obtained in the corona. The observed region produced numerous C-and M-class flares with several occurring in the core close to the moss. The magnetic field was therefore clearly changing in the active region core, so we ought to be able to detect dynamic signatures in the moss if they exist. Our measurements of moss intensities agree with previous studies in that a less than 15% variability is seen over a period of 16 hr. Our new measurements of Doppler and nonthermal velocities reveal no strong flows or motions in the moss, nor any significant variability in these quantities. The results confirm that moss at the bases of high temperature coronal loops is heated quasi-steadily. They also show that quasi-steady heating can contribute significantly even in the core of a flare productive active region. Such heating may be impulsive at high frequency, but if so it does not give rise to large flows or motions. C1 [Brooks, David H.; Warren, Harry P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Brooks, David H.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22020 USA. RP Brooks, DH (reprint author), Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Hinode Team, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. EM dhbrooks@ssd5.nrl.navy.mil NR 26 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD SEP 20 PY 2009 VL 703 IS 1 BP L10 EP L13 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/703/1/L10 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 492AQ UT WOS:000269626600003 ER PT J AU Hervig, ME Gordley, LL Deaver, LE Siskind, DE Stevens, MH Russell, JM Bailey, SM Megner, L Bardeen, CG AF Hervig, Mark E. Gordley, Larry L. Deaver, Lance E. Siskind, David E. Stevens, Michael H. Russell, James M., III Bailey, Scott M. Megner, Linda Bardeen, Charles G. TI First Satellite Observations of Meteoric Smoke in the Middle Atmosphere SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DUST; ICE; PARTICLES AB This work describes the first remote observations of meteoric smoke particles (MSPs) from satellite, by the Solar Occultation For Ice Experiment (SOFIE) onboard the Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) platform. The measurements show a layer of MSPs from roughly 35 to 85 km altitude, and indicate a seasonal cycle with reduced MSP abundance during polar summer. The measurements agree favorably with model results, and confirm that MSP transport by the global meridional circulation causes the dramatic reduction in MSPs during polar summer. These new observations represent a major advance in our ability to understand a hitherto poorly characterized class of particles that are thought to be important in numerous atmospheric and terrestrial processes. Citation: Hervig, M. E., L. L. Gordley, L. E. Deaver, D. E. Siskind, M. H. Stevens, J. M. Russell III, S. M. Bailey, L. Megner, and C. G. Bardeen (2009), First Satellite Observations of Meteoric Smoke in the Middle Atmosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L18805, doi:10.1029/2009GL039737. C1 [Hervig, Mark E.] GATS Inc, Driggs, ID 83442 USA. [Gordley, Larry L.; Deaver, Lance E.] GATS Inc, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Siskind, David E.; Stevens, Michael H.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Russell, James M., III] Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Bailey, Scott M.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Megner, Linda] Canadian Space Agcy, St Hubert, PQ, Canada. [Bardeen, Charles G.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Hervig, ME (reprint author), GATS Inc, Box 449,65 S Main 5, Driggs, ID 83442 USA. OI Stevens, Michael/0000-0003-1082-8955 FU NASA [NAS5-03132] FX The authors acknowledge the years of dedication and support from the AIM team, and give special thanks to the Space Dynamics Laboratory team who built the SOFIE instrument. AIM is funded by NASA's Small Explorers Program under contract NAS5-03132. NR 18 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 19 PY 2009 VL 36 AR L18805 DI 10.1029/2009GL039737 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 497JM UT WOS:000270055300004 ER PT J AU Koo, HC Kwon, JH Eom, J Chang, J Han, SH Johnson, M AF Koo, Hyun Cheol Kwon, Jae Hyun Eom, Jonghwa Chang, Joonyeon Han, Suk Hee Johnson, Mark TI Control of Spin Precession in a Spin-Injected Field Effect Transistor SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL DETECTION; ORBIT INTERACTION; GATE CONTROL; TRANSPORT; HETEROSTRUCTURE; ELECTRONS; METALS; VALVE AB Spintronics increases the functionality of information processing while seeking to overcome some of the limitations of conventional electronics. The spin-injected field effect transistor, a lateral semiconducting channel with two ferromagnetic electrodes, lies at the foundation of spintronics research. We demonstrated a spin-injected field effect transistor in a high-mobility InAs heterostructure with empirically calibrated electrical injection and detection of ballistic spin-polarized electrons. We observed and fit to theory an oscillatory channel conductance as a function of monotonically increasing gate voltage. C1 [Koo, Hyun Cheol; Kwon, Jae Hyun; Eom, Jonghwa; Chang, Joonyeon; Han, Suk Hee] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Ctr Spintron Res, Seoul 136791, South Korea. [Eom, Jonghwa] Sejong Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 143747, South Korea. [Johnson, Mark] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chang, J (reprint author), Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Ctr Spintron Res, 39-1 Hawolgok Dong, Seoul 136791, South Korea. EM presto@kist.re.kr OI Koo, Hyun Cheol/0000-0001-5044-1355 FU Korea Institute of Science and Technology Institutional Program FX This work was supported by the Korea Institute of Science and Technology Institutional Program. NR 23 TC 243 Z9 245 U1 12 U2 101 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD SEP 18 PY 2009 VL 325 IS 5947 BP 1515 EP 1518 DI 10.1126/science.1173667 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 495JS UT WOS:000269887900031 PM 19762637 ER PT J AU Wojnarowska, Z Adrjanowicz, K Wlodarczyk, P Kaminska, E Kaminski, K Grzybowska, K Wrzalik, R Paluch, M Ngai, KL AF Wojnarowska, Z. Adrjanowicz, K. Wlodarczyk, P. Kaminska, E. Kaminski, K. Grzybowska, K. Wrzalik, R. Paluch, M. Ngai, K. L. TI Broadband Dielectric Relaxation Study at Ambient and Elevated Pressure of Molecular Dynamics of Pharmaceutical: Indomethacin SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID GLASS-TRANSITION TEMPERATURE; DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; AMORPHOUS INDOMETHACIN; HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; SUPERCOOLED LIQUID; CRYSTAL-NUCLEATION; ALPHA-RELAXATION; SHEAR-STRESS; TIME SCALES; CRYSTALLIZATION AB Broadband dielectric measurements on the pharmaceutical indomethacin (IMC) were performed at ambient and elevated pressure. Data on molecular dynamics collected at ambient pressure are in good agreement with that published in the literature. In the glassy state, there is a well-resolved secondary relaxation with Arrhenius activation energy E(a) = 38 kJ/mol. This commonly observed relaxation process (labeled gamma) is of intramolecular origin because it is pressure-insensitive. Closer analysis of the ambient pressure dielectric spectra obtained in the vicinity of the T(g) indicated the presence of one more secondary relaxation (beta), which is slower than that commonly observed. Application of the CM predictions enabled LIS to classify it its a true JG relaxation. Pressure measurements confirmed our supposition concerning the origins of the two secondary relaxations ill IMC. Moreover, we have found that IMC under pressure does not crystallize, even at very high temperatures of T >= 372 K. This finding wits discussed in the framework of the two-order parameter model proposed by Tanaka (Konishi, T.; Tanaka, H. Phys. Rev B 2007, 76, 220201), as well as the JG relaxation proposal by Oguni (Hikima T.; Hanaya M., Oguni M. J. Mol Struct. 1999, 479, 245). We also showed that the shape of the beta-relaxation loss peak is the same when comparing dielectric spectra with the same tau(alpha) but obtained at ambient and elevated pressure. Additionally, we found out that the fragility of IMC decreases with increasing pressure. In addition, the pressure coefficient of the glass transition temperature, dT(g)/dP, was determined, and it is 255 K/GPa. Finally, we discuss the possibility of preparation of the amorphous state with higher density than by cooling of the liquid. C1 [Wojnarowska, Z.; Adrjanowicz, K.; Wlodarczyk, P.; Kaminska, E.; Kaminski, K.; Grzybowska, K.; Wrzalik, R.; Paluch, M.] Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. [Ngai, K. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kaminski, K (reprint author), Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, Ul Uniwersytecka 4, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. EM kaminski@us.edu.pl FU Foundation for Polish Science Team Programme; EU; Office of Naval Research; FNP FX The authors are deeply thankful for the financial support within the framework of the project entitled "From Study of Molecular Dynamics in Amorphous Medicines at Ambient and Elevated Pressure to Novel Applications in Pharmacy", which is operated within the Foundation for Polish Science Team Programme cofinanced by the EU European Regional Development Fund. K.L.N. is supported by the Office of Naval Research. K.K, E.K.. and K.G acknowledge financial assistance from FNP (2009). NR 75 TC 82 Z9 83 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD SEP 17 PY 2009 VL 113 IS 37 BP 12536 EP 12545 DI 10.1021/jp905162r PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 492KW UT WOS:000269655700013 PM 19694472 ER PT J AU Metzgar, D Skochko, G Gibbins, C Hudson, N Lott, L Jones, MS AF Metzgar, David Skochko, Greg Gibbins, Carl Hudson, Nolan Lott, Lisa Jones, Morris S. TI Evaluation and Validation of a Real-Time PCR Assay for Detection and Quantitation of Human Adenovirus 14 from Clinical Samples SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB In 2007, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that Human adenovirus type 14 (HAdV-14) infected 106 military personnel and was responsible for the death of one U. S. soldier at Lackland Air Force Base in Texas. Identification of the responsible adenovirus, which had not previously been seen in North America and for which rapid diagnostic tools were unavailable, required retrospective analysis at reference laboratories. Initial quarantine measures were also reliant on relatively slow traditional PCR analysis at other locations. To address this problem, we developed a real-time PCR assay that detects a 225 base pair sequence in the HAdV-14a hexon gene. Fifty-one oropharyngeal swab specimens from the Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA and Advanced Diagnostic Laboratory, Lackland AFB, TX were used to validate the new assay. The described assay detected eight of eight and 19 of 19 confirmed HAdV-14a clinical isolates in two separate cohorts from respiratory disease outbreaks. The real-time PCR assay had a wide dynamic range, detecting from 10 2 to 10 7 copies of genomic DNA per reaction. The assay did not cross-react with other adenoviruses, influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, or common respiratory tract bacteria. The described assay is easy to use, sensitive and specific for HAdV-14a in clinical throat swab specimens, and very rapid since turnaround time is less than four hours to obtain an answer. RP Metzgar, D (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Resp Dis Res, San Diego, CA USA. EM drmorrisj@yahoo.com RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 17 PY 2009 VL 4 IS 9 AR e7081 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0007081 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 496KG UT WOS:000269970200011 PM 19759905 ER PT J AU Lin, KY Sibdari, SY AF Lin, Kyle Y. Sibdari, Soheil Y. TI Dynamic price competition with discrete customer choices SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Dynamic pricing; Revenue management; Duopoly; Oligopoly; Discrete choice model ID AIRLINE YIELD-MANAGEMENT; REVENUE MANAGEMENT; STOCHASTIC DEMAND; INVENTORY; OVERBOOKING; RETAILERS; DUOPOLY; MODELS AB For many years, dynamic pricing has proven to be an effective tool to increase revenue in the airline and other service industries. Most studies, however, focused oil monopolistic models and ignored the fact that nowadays consumers can easily compare prices on the Internet. In this paper, we develop a game-theoretic model to describe real-time dynamic price competition between firms that sell substitutable products. By assuming the real-time inventory levels of all firms are public information, we show the existence of Nash equilibrium. We then discuss how a firm can adapt if it knows only the initial - but not the real-time - inventory levels of its competitors. We compare a firm's expected revenue under different information structures through numerical experiments. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lin, Kyle Y.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Sibdari, Soheil Y.] Univ Massachusetts, Charlton Coll Business, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA. RP Lin, KY (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM kylin@nps.edu; ssibdari@umassd.edu OI Lin, Kyle/0000-0002-3769-1891 FU National Science Foundation [0223314] FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0223314. The authors thank Serguei Netessine for helpful discussions, and two anonymous referees for many constructive comments. NR 34 TC 25 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-2217 J9 EUR J OPER RES JI Eur. J. Oper. Res. PD SEP 16 PY 2009 VL 197 IS 3 BP 969 EP 980 DI 10.1016/j.ejor.2007.12.040 PG 12 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 430KR UT WOS:000264988500009 ER PT J AU Dymond, KF AF Dymond, K. F. TI Remote sensing of nighttime F region peak height and peak density using ultraviolet line ratios SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-DENSITY; AIRGLOW; OXYGEN; RECOMBINATION; ATMOSPHERE; NIGHTGLOW; MISSION; MODEL AB We present a newly developed algorithm for simultaneously inferring the peak height and peak density of the O+ ions in the nighttime ionosphere. The technique relies on the simultaneous observation of the emissions of atomic oxygen at 130.4 and 135.6 nm that are primarily produced by radiative recombination, a natural decay process of the ionosphere. The 135.6 nm emission has become the workhorse for sensing O+ distribution from space from low-Earth platforms where it has been used to infer the peak electron density. A previous study showed that the line ratio of the intensity of the 130.4/135.6 nm radiances is sensitive to the peak height of the ionosphere, as the ratio of the two radiances is dependent on the overlap of the O+ distribution with the thermospheric O layer. We present a new parametric study of these emissions using a new algorithm that permits the retrieval of the peak electron density and the peak height of the F region ionosphere from the measured radiances of the 135.6 and 130.4 nm emissions. We examine the sensitivity of the retrievals to the ionospheric and thermospheric state and to the signal-to-noise ratio of the observations. This new technique enables the determination of the peak height and peak density of the nighttime F region ionosphere as functions of latitude and longitude from nadir-viewing geostationary satellites. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dymond, KF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kenneth.dymond@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. We are grateful for useful discussions with R. P. McCoy, S. A. Budzien, and J. M. Picone and to C. Coker for providing the GAIM model output. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 EI 1944-799X J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD SEP 16 PY 2009 VL 44 AR RS0A28 DI 10.1029/2008RS004091 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA 497KY UT WOS:000270059300001 ER PT J AU Mulvaney, SP Ibe, CN Tamanaha, CR Whitman, LJ AF Mulvaney, S. P. Ibe, C. N. Tamanaha, C. R. Whitman, L. J. TI Direct detection of genomic DNA with fluidic force discrimination assays SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Genomic DNA; Fluidic force discrimination (FFD); Biosensor; Magnetic bead; Fragmentation by sonication; Bacillus anthracis; Bacillus thuringiensis ID REAL-TIME PCR; BACTERIAL-SPORES; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; BIOSENSOR; RNA; MICROFLUIDICS; PURIFICATION; DIAGNOSTICS; DISRUPTION; EXTRACTION AB Herein, we describe the direct detection of genomic DNA using fluidic force discrimination (FFD) assays. Starting with extracted bacterial DNA, samples are fragmented by restriction enzymes or sonication, then thermocycled in the presence of blocking and labeling sequences, and finally detected with microbead-based FFD assays. Both strain and species identification of extracted Bacillus DNA have been demonstrated in <30 min, without amplification (e.g., PCR). Femtomolar assays can be achieved with this rapid and simple procedure. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Mulvaney, S. P.; Ibe, C. N.; Tamanaha, C. R.; Whitman, L. J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mulvaney, SP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6177, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM shawn.mulvaney@nrl.navy.mil RI Whitman, Lloyd/G-9320-2011 OI Whitman, Lloyd/0000-0002-3117-1174 FU Office of Naval Research; Nova Research, Inc. FX This work was Supported by the Office of Naval Research. Authors Mulvaney and Ibe are employees of Nova Research, Inc., 1900 Elkin St., Suite 230, Alexandria, VA 22308. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 392 IS 2 BP 139 EP 144 DI 10.1016/j.ab.2009.05.042 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 476UG UT WOS:000268470900006 PM 19497290 ER PT J AU Jangveladze, T Kiguradze, Z Neta, B AF Jangveladze, Temur Kiguradze, Zurab Neta, Beny TI Finite difference approximation of a nonlinear integro-differential system SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Nonlinear integro-differential system; Finite difference scheme ID PARABOLIC EQUATION; NUMERICAL-SOLUTION; ELEMENT METHODS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; PENETRATION; SUBSTANCE; BEHAVIOR AB Finite difference approximation of the nonlinear integro-differential system associated with the penetration of a magnetic field into a substance is studied. The convergence of the finite difference scheme is proved. The rate of convergence of the discrete scheme is given. The decay of the numerical solution is compared with the analytical results proven earlier. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Neta, Beny] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Jangveladze, Temur; Kiguradze, Zurab] Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State Univ, GE-0179 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. RP Neta, B (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM bneta@nps.edu RI Neta, Beny/B-1737-2009 FU US Civilian Research & Development Foundation (CRDF) [NSS 17-07]; Georgia National Science Foundation (GNSF) [GNSF/ST07/3-176]; Georgian Research and Development Foundation (GRDF) FX The research described in this publication was made possible in part by Award No. NSS # 17-07 of the US Civilian Research & Development Foundation (CRDF), the Georgia National Science Foundation (GNSF) and the Georgian Research and Development Foundation (GRDF). The designated project has been fulfilled by financial support of the Georgia National Science Foundation (Grant # GNSF/ST07/3-176). Any idea in this publication is possessed by the authors and may not represent the opinion of the Georgia National Science Foundation itself. The second author thanks the Naval Postgraduate School for hosting him. The authors thank the referees for their valuable comments. NR 29 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0096-3003 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 215 IS 2 BP 615 EP 628 DI 10.1016/j.amc.2009.05.061 PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 486LS UT WOS:000269198600022 ER PT J AU Chun, C Neta, B AF Chun, Changbum Neta, Beny TI Certain improvements of Newton's method with fourth-order convergence SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Newton's method; Iterative methods; Nonlinear equations; Order of convergence; Method of undetermined coefficients; Root-finding methods ID SOLVING NONLINEAR EQUATIONS; 3RD-ORDER CONVERGENCE; ITERATIVE METHOD; CONSTRUCTION; VARIANTS; FAMILY AB In this paper we present two new schemes, one is third-order and the other is fourth-order. These are improvements of second-order methods for solving nonlinear equations and are based on the method of undetermined coefficients. We show that the fourth-order method is more efficient than the fifth-order method due to Kou et al. [J. Kou, Y. Li, X. Wang, Some modi. cations of Newton's method with fifth-order covergence, J. Comput. Appl. Math., 209 (2007) 146-152]. Numerical examples are given to support that the methods thus obtained can compete with other iterative methods. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Chun, Changbum] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Math, Suwon 440746, South Korea. [Neta, Beny] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Chun, C (reprint author), Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Math, Suwon 440746, South Korea. EM cbchun@skku.edu; bneta@nps.edu RI Neta, Beny/B-1737-2009 FU Faculty Research Fund, Sungkyunkwan University FX This paper was supported by Faculty Research Fund, Sungkyunkwan University, 2008. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0096-3003 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 215 IS 2 BP 821 EP 828 DI 10.1016/j.amc.2009.06.007 PG 8 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 486LS UT WOS:000269198600042 ER PT J AU Soto, CM Blaney, KM Dar, M Khan, M Lin, BC Malanoski, AP Tidd, C Rios, MV Lopez, DM Ratna, BR AF Soto, Carissa M. Blaney, Kate M. Dar, Mubasher Khan, Manzer Lin, Baochuan Malanoski, Anthony P. Tidd, Cherise Rios, Mayrim V. Lopez, Darlah M. Ratna, Banahalli R. TI Cowpea mosaic virus nanoscaffold as signal enhancement for DNA microarrays SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Cowpea mosaic virus; DNA microarrays; Signal enhancement; Respiratory pathogens; Gene expression ID INFLUENZA-VIRUSES; NANOPARTICLES; AMPLIFICATION; IMMUNOASSAY AB Previous studies have shown that a functionalized viral nanoparticle can be used as a fluorescent signal-generating element and enhance detection sensitivity for immunoassays; and low density microarrays. In this study, we further tested this ability in commercial DNA microarrays, including Affymetrix high density resequencing microarray. Optimum conditions for NeutrAvidin and dye coupling to a double-cysteine mutant of cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) were found to be comparable to the commonly used streptavidin-phycoerythrin (SAPE) for high density resequencing microarray. A 3-fold signal enhancement in comparison to Cy5-dCTP controls was obtained when using nanoparticles on control scorecard expression microarrays. Hybridization results from commercially available 8000 rat expression arrays indicate an increment of 14% on the detected features when the virus complex was used as the staining reagent in comparison to Cy5-dCTP controls. The current work shows the utility of the CPMV-dye nanoparticles as a detection reagent in well-established detection platforms. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Soto, Carissa M.; Lin, Baochuan; Malanoski, Anthony P.; Tidd, Cherise; Rios, Mayrim V.; Lopez, Darlah M.; Ratna, Banahalli R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Blaney, Kate M.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Dar, Mubasher; Khan, Manzer] GE Healthcare Biosci, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. RP Soto, CM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM cmsoto@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil RI Malanoski, Anthony/C-7814-2011; Lin, Baochuan/A-8390-2009 OI Malanoski, Anthony/0000-0001-6192-888X; Lin, Baochuan/0000-0002-9484-0785 FU Office of Naval Research FX We thank Stella H. North and Paul T. Charles for their comments on the manuscript. We also thank Gary J. Vora and Amy S. Blum for useful discussions. We thank Qian Wang and his research group for providing virus samples. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 26 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-5663 J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON JI Biosens. Bioelectron. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 25 IS 1 BP 48 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.bios.2009.06.009 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 503MM UT WOS:000270538400008 PM 19576757 ER PT J AU Zvanut, ME Ngetich, G Dashdorj, J Garces, NY Glaser, ER AF Zvanut, M. E. Ngetich, G. Dashdorj, J. Garces, N. Y. Glaser, E. R. TI Photoinduced behavior of the VCCSi- pair defect in 4H-SiC grown by physical vapor transport and halide chemical vapor deposition SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; DEVICES AB Two different photothresholds of the carbon vacancy-carbon antisite pair defect (VCCSi-) in 4H-SiC are observed using photoinduced electron paramagnetic resonance. The defect appeared after illumination with photon energy greater than 0.75 eV in two samples grown by halide chemical vapor deposition (HCVD) and one by physical vapor transport (PVT), all with activation energies (E-a) below 0.80 eV. In HCVD and PVT samples with higher activation energies, the defect was not detected with photon excitation less than 2.1 eV. The increase in VCCSi- parallels changes in the negatively charged carbon vacancy V-C(-) in the samples with low E-a. For SiC samples with high E-a, the concentration of the anitisite-vacancy pair also increases with V-C(-) and, in addition, is accompanied by a simultaneous decrease in V-C(+). The results are interpreted in terms of two defect levels, one for the double negative-to-negative transition of VCCSi at 0.75 eV below the conduction band edge and another for the negative-to-neutral transition of the defect at 2.1 eV above the valence band edge. The model yielding these levels also suggests that the neutral-to-negative and negative-to-double negative transitions of the isolated carbon vacancy are within a few tenths of an eV of each other and are located close to the conduction band edge. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3224892] C1 [Zvanut, M. E.; Ngetich, G.; Dashdorj, J.] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Garces, N. Y.; Glaser, E. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zvanut, ME (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, 1530 3rd Ave S CH310, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM mezvanut@uab.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 6 AR 064908 DI 10.1063/1.3224892 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 501JP UT WOS:000270378100160 ER PT J AU Mei, BC Oh, E Susumu, K Farrell, D Mountziaris, TJ Mattoussi, H AF Mei, Bing C. Oh, Eunkeu Susumu, Kimihiro Farrell, Dorothy Mountziaris, T. J. Mattoussi, Hedi TI Effects of Ligand Coordination Number and Surface Curvature on the Stability of Gold Nanoparticles in Aqueous Solutions SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-STABILITY; QUANTUM DOTS; SIZE; NANOTECHNOLOGY; DIMENSIONS; MONOLAYERS; EXCHANGE; PEPTIDE; ACID AB The colloidal stability of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) cap-exchanged with either monothiol- or dithiolane-terminated PEG-OCH(3) ligands was investigated. Three distinct aspects were explored: (1) effects of excess salt concentration; (2) ligation competition by dithiothreitol (DTT); and (3) resistance to sodium cyanide digestion. We found that overall ligands presenting higher coordination numbers (dithiolane) exhibit much better stability to excess added salt and against competition from DTT compared to their monodentate counterparts. Resistance to NaCN digestion indicated that there is a balance between coordination number and density of ligand packing on the NP surface. For smaller NPs, where a larger surface curvature reduces the ligand packing density, a higher coordination number is clearly beneficial. In comparison, a higher ligand density allowed by the smaller curvature for larger nanocrystals makes monothiol-PEG-capped NPs more resistant to cyanide digestion. The present study indicates that balance between the coordination number and surface packing density is crucial to enhancing the colloidal stability of AuNPs. C1 [Mei, Bing C.; Oh, Eunkeu; Susumu, Kimihiro; Farrell, Dorothy; Mattoussi, Hedi] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mei, Bing C.; Mountziaris, T. J.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Mattoussi, H (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM hedi.mattoussi@nrl.navy.mil FU Korea Research Foundation [1300089]; NRL, Office of Naval Research (ONR); Army Research Office; University of Massachusctts-Amherst FX We acknowledge NRL, Office of Naval Research (ONR), the Army Research Office, and the University of Massachusctts-Amherst for financial support. E.O. is supported by a fellowship from the Korea Research Foundation (1300089), We also thank Igor Medintz at NRL for assistance with some experimental details. NR 40 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 2 U2 52 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 25 IS 18 BP 10604 EP 10611 DI 10.1021/la901423z PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 492KR UT WOS:000269655000030 PM 19588955 ER PT J AU Affouard, F Descamps, M Valdes, LC Habasaki, J Bordat, P Ngai, KL AF Affouard, F. Descamps, M. Valdes, L. -C. Habasaki, J. Bordat, P. Ngai, K. L. TI Breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein relation in Lennard-Jones glassforming mixtures with different interaction potential SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SPATIALLY HETEROGENEOUS DYNAMICS; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; GLASS-TRANSITION; DIFFUSION; SIMULATION; TRANSLATION; RELAXATION AB The breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein relation was investigated for three glass-forming models composed of mixtures of Lennard-Jones A-B particles, which have been constructed by modifying the shape of the interaction potential between A particles. By performing molecular dynamics simulations, we show that these mixtures intrinsically possess different organizations. The breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein relation particularly occurs at different temperatures for each type of particles and it is directly related to the dynamical decoupling between A and B particles and the formation or not of paths where fast particles show jumplike motions. The effective size of each particles and the fraction of slow and fast particles were also determined. Similarity with silicate glasses including mixed alkali effect is discussed. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3204063] C1 [Affouard, F.; Descamps, M.; Valdes, L. -C.] Univ Lille 1, CNRS, UMR 8024, Lab Dynam & Struct Mat Mol, F-59655 Villeneuve Dascq, France. [Habasaki, J.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2268502, Japan. [Bordat, P.] Univ Pau & Pays Adour, CNRS, UMR 5254, Inst Pluridisciplinaire Rech Environm & Mat, F-64000 Pau, France. [Ngai, K. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Affouard, F (reprint author), Univ Lille 1, CNRS, UMR 8024, Lab Dynam & Struct Mat Mol, F-59655 Villeneuve Dascq, France. EM frederic.affouard@univ-lille1.fr RI Habasaki, Junko/B-9283-2015 OI Habasaki, Junko/0000-0002-2887-2340 FU Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture, Japan [19540396]; Office of Naval Research FX The authors wish to acknowledge the use of the facilities of the IDRIS (Orsay, France) and the CRI (Villeneuve d'Ascq, France) where calculations were carried out. This research was partly supported by the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture, Japan, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) No. 19540396, 2007-2009. The work performed at the Naval Research Laboratory was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 31 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD SEP 14 PY 2009 VL 131 IS 10 AR 104510 DI 10.1063/1.3204063 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 494LP UT WOS:000269814800036 ER PT J AU Wood, BE Howard, RA AF Wood, B. E. Howard, R. A. TI AN EMPIRICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF THE 2008 APRIL 26 CORONAL MASS EJECTION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE interplanetary medium; solar wind; Sun: activity; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs) ID MAGNETIC-FLUX ROPE; IMAGER SMEI; SOLAR-WIND; CLOUDS; MISSION; EARTH; CMES; SUN; DENSITY; ORIGIN AB We present a three-dimensional model of the density distribution of a coronal mass ejection (CME) from 2008 April 26. This CME was observed by the two spacecraft composing the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO), which tracked the CME from near the Sun, into the interplanetary medium (IPM), and all the way to 1 AU. The CME was directed toward STEREO-B and hit that spacecraft on 2008 April 29. The STEREO images of the CME show an internal structure that can be interpreted as having a flux rope shape. The two different perspectives on the event provided by the two STEREO spacecraft allow us to make a particularly strong argument for the flux rope interpretation, and the STEREO data also allow us to study the evolution of the flux rope in the IPM. The flux rope is oriented close to the ecliptic plane, but with the western leg tilted northwards by about 20 degrees. This implies an orientation roughly perpendicular to the neutral line of the active region at the event's point of origin, apparently an unusual geometry given that previous analyses have found that CME flux ropes are usually, but not always, oriented parallel to the neutral lines of their source regions. The CME model also consists of a front out ahead of the flux rope, possibly a shock launched by the flux rope driver. The model density distribution is reasonably successful at reproducing the CME appearance both close to the Sun in coronagraphic images, and far from the Sun in images of the IPM from STEREO's heliospheric imagers. This suggests that self-similar expansion is a reasonable first-order approximation for this particular CME, and also indicates that the flux rope's orientation does not change much during its journey through the IPM. C1 [Wood, B. E.; Howard, R. A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wood, BE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brian.wood@nrl.navy.mil FU NASA [NAS5-00132, NAS5-00133] FX The STEREO/SECCHI data are produced by a consortium of NRL (US), LMSAL (US), NASA/GSFC (US), RAL (UK), UB-HAM (UK), MPS (Germany), CSL (Belgium), IOTA (France), and IAS (France). In addition to funding by NASA, NRL also received support from the USAF Space Test Program and ONR. In addition to SECCHI, this work has made use of data provided by the STEREO PLASTIC and IMPACT teams, supported by NASA contracts NAS5-00132 and NAS5-00133. We have also utilized data from MDI aboard SOHO, which NR 43 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 10 PY 2009 VL 702 IS 2 BP 901 EP 910 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/702/2/901 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 487BI UT WOS:000269245000010 ER PT J AU De Pontieu, B Hansteen, VH McIntosh, SW Patsourakos, S AF De Pontieu, Bart Hansteen, Viggo H. McIntosh, Scott W. Patsourakos, Spiros TI ESTIMATING THE CHROMOSPHERIC ABSORPTION OF TRANSITION REGION MOSS EMISSION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: atmospheric motions; Sun: chromosphere; Sun: corona; Sun: magnetic fields; Sun: transition region ID EUV IMAGING SPECTROMETER; SOLAR ACTIVE REGIONS; SOFT-X-RAY; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET; FE-XII; MAGNETOACOUSTIC SHOCKS; CONTINUUM ABSORPTION; ATOMIC DATABASE; DYNAMIC FIBRILS; CORONA AB Many models for coronal loops have difficulty explaining the observed EUV brightness of the transition region, which is often significantly less than theoretical models predict. This discrepancy has been addressed by a variety of approaches including filling factors and time-dependent heating, with varying degrees of success. Here, we focus on an effect that has been ignored so far: the absorption of EUV light with wavelengths below 912 angstrom by the resonance continua of neutral hydrogen and helium. Such absorption is expected to occur in the low-lying transition region of hot, active region loops that is colocated with cool chromospheric features and called "moss" as a result of the reticulated appearance resulting from the absorption. We use cotemporal and cospatial spectroheliograms obtained with the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory/SUMER and Hinode/EIS of Fe xII 1242 angstrom, 195 angstrom, and 186.88 angstrom, and compare the density determination from the 186/195 angstrom line ratio to that resulting from the 195/1242 angstrom line ratio. We find that while coronal loops have compatible density values from these two line pairs, upper transition region moss has conflicting density determinations. This discrepancy can be resolved by taking into account significant absorption of 195 angstrom emission caused by the chromospheric inclusions in the moss. We find that the amount of absorption is generally of the order of a factor of 2. We compare to numerical models and show that the observed effect is well reproduced by three-dimensional radiative MHD models of the transition region and corona. We use STEREO A/B data of the same active region and find that increased angles between line of sight and local vertical cause additional absorption. Our determination of the amount of chromospheric absorption of TR emission can be used to better constrain coronal heating models. C1 [De Pontieu, Bart; Hansteen, Viggo H.] Lockheed Martin Solar & Astrophys Lab, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Hansteen, Viggo H.] Univ Oslo, Inst Theoret Astrophys, N-315 Oslo, Norway. [McIntosh, Scott W.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Patsourakos, Spiros] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Patsourakos, Spiros] George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP De Pontieu, B (reprint author), Lockheed Martin Solar & Astrophys Lab, 3251 Hanover St,Org ADBS,Bldg 252, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. EM bdp@lmsal.com FU NSF [ATM-0541567]; NASA [NNG06GC89G, NNX08AH45G, NAS5-38099, NNM07AA01C, NNG06GG79G, NNX08AH4 5G] FX S. W. M. acknowledges support from NSF grant ATM-0541567 and NASA grants NNG06GC89G and NNX08AH45G. B. D. P. is supported by NASA grants NAS5-38099 (TRACE), NNM07AA01C (HINODE), NNG06GG79G, and NNX08AH4 5G. We thank Amy Winebarger and Peter Young for helpful discussions. Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA, with NAOJ as a domestic partner and NASA and STFC (UK) as international partners. The SECCHI data were produced by an international consortium of the Naval Research Laboratory (USA), Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Lab (USA), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK), University of Birmingham (UK), Max-Planck-Institut for Solar System Research (Germany), Centre Spatiale de Liege (Belgium), Institut d'Optique Theorique et Appliquee (France), and Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (France). NR 44 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 10 PY 2009 VL 702 IS 2 BP 1016 EP 1024 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/702/2/1016 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 487BI UT WOS:000269245000020 ER PT J AU Liu, W Petrosian, V Mariska, JT AF Liu, Wei Petrosian, Vahe Mariska, John T. TI COMBINED MODELING OF ACCELERATION, TRANSPORT, AND HYDRODYNAMIC RESPONSE IN SOLAR FLARES. I. THE NUMERICAL MODEL SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; hydrodynamics; methods: numerical; Sun: chromosphere; Sun: flares; Sun: X-rays, gamma rays ID HARD X-RAY; LOOP RADIATIVE HYDRODYNAMICS; PROPAGATING PLASMA-WAVES; FOKKER-PLANCK EQUATIONS; 2003 OCTOBER 28; STOCHASTIC ACCELERATION; NONTHERMAL ELECTRONS; CHROMOSPHERIC EVAPORATION; IMPULSIVE PHASE; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION AB Acceleration and transport of high-energy particles and fluid dynamics of atmospheric plasma are interrelated aspects of solar flares, but for convenience and simplicity they were artificially separated in the past. We present here self-consistently combined Fokker-Planck modeling of particles and hydrodynamic simulation of flare plasma. Energetic electrons are modeled with the Stanford unified code of acceleration, transport, and radiation, while plasma is modeled with the Naval Research Laboratory flux tube code. We calculated the collisional heating rate directly from the particle transport code, which is more accurate than those in previous studies based on approximate analytical solutions. We repeated the simulation of Mariska et al. with an injection of power law, downward-beamed electrons using the new heating rate. For this case, a similar to 10% difference was found from their old result. We also used a more realistic spectrum of injected electrons provided by the stochastic acceleration model, which has a smooth transition from a quasi-thermal background at low energies to a nonthermal tail at high energies. The inclusion of low-energy electrons results in relatively more heating in the corona (versus chromosphere) and thus a larger downward heat conduction flux. The interplay of electron heating, conduction, and radiative loss leads to stronger chromospheric evaporation than obtained in previous studies, which had a deficit in low-energy electrons due to an arbitrarily assumed low-energy cutoff. The energy and spatial distributions of energetic electrons and bremsstrahlung photons bear signatures of the changing density distribution caused by chromospheric evaporation. In particular, the density jump at the evaporation front gives rise to enhanced emission, which, in principle, can be imaged by X-ray telescopes. This model can be applied to investigate a variety of high-energy processes in solar, space, and astrophysical plasmas. C1 [Liu, Wei] Stanford Lockheed Inst Space Res, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Liu, Wei; Petrosian, Vahe] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Mariska, John T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Liu, W (reprint author), Stanford Lockheed Inst Space Res, 466 Via Ortega,Cypress Hall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. FU NASA [NAG512111, NAG5 11918-1]; NSF [ATM-0312344]; Hinode SOT [NNM07AA01C] FX This work was primarily supported by NASA grants NAG512111, NAG5 11918-1, and NSF grant ATM-0312344 at Stanford University. Writing of this paper was partially conducted during W. Liu's appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Goddard Space Flight Center, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities. He is grateful to his postdoctoral advisers, Brian Dennis and Gordon Holman, for fruitful discussions. W. L. was also supported in part by Hinode SOT contract NNM07AA01C. Work performed by J. Mariska was supported by NRL basic research funds. The authors thank the referee for constructive comments and many individuals, including S. Liu, W. East, T. Donaghy, J. Pryadko, B. Park, R. Hamilton, J. McTiernan, J. Leach, and S. Langer, who contributed to the Stanford unified Fokker-Planck code over three decades. NR 98 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 10 PY 2009 VL 702 IS 2 BP 1553 EP 1566 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/702/2/1553 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 487BI UT WOS:000269245000061 ER PT J AU Hartman, JM Patruno, A Chakrabarty, D Markwardt, CB Morgan, EH van der Klis, M Wijnands, R AF Hartman, Jacob M. Patruno, Alessandro Chakrabarty, Deepto Markwardt, Craig B. Morgan, Edward H. van der Klis, Michiel Wijnands, Rudy TI A DECADE OF TIMING AN ACCRETION-POWERED MILLISECOND PULSAR: THE CONTINUING SPIN DOWN AND ORBITAL EVOLUTION OF SAX J1808.4-3658 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: general; stars: individual (SAX J1808.4-3658); stars: neutron; stars: rotation; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: stars ID X-RAY PULSAR; BINARY PSR B1957+20; ACTIVE RADIO PULSAR; OPTICAL COUNTERPART; XMM-NEWTON; OUTBURST; QUIESCENCE; SAX-J1808.4-3658; VARIABILITY; CONSTRAINTS AB The Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer has observed five outbursts from the transient 2.5 ms accretion-powered pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658 during 1998-2008. We present a pulse timing study of the most recent outburst and compare it with the previous timing solutions. The spin frequency of the source continues to decrease at a rate of (-5.5 +/- 1.2) x 10(-18) Hz s(-1), which is consistent with the previously determined spin derivative. The spin down occurs mostly during quiescence, and is most likely due to the magnetic dipole torque from a B = 1.5 x 10(8) G dipolar field at the neutron star surface. We also find that the 2 hr binary orbital period is increasing at a rate of (3.80 +/- 0.06) x 10(-12) s s(-1), also consistent with previous measurements. It remains uncertain whether this orbital change reflects secular evolution or short-term variability. C1 [Hartman, Jacob M.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Patruno, Alessandro; van der Klis, Michiel; Wijnands, Rudy] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Chakrabarty, Deepto; Morgan, Edward H.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Chakrabarty, Deepto; Morgan, Edward H.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Markwardt, Craig B.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, CRESST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Markwardt, Craig B.] NASA, Astrophys Sci Div, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Hartman, JM (reprint author), USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jacob.hartman@nrl.navy.mil; a.patruno@uva.nl; deepto@space.mit.edu; craigm@milkyway.gsfc.nasa.gov; ehm@space.mit.edu; m.b.m.vanderklis@uva.nl; r.a.d.wijnands@uva.nl FU NASA [NNX07AP93G, NNX08AJ43G]; MIT FX We are grateful to Jean Swank and the RXTE operations team at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center for their help in scheduling these observations. We also thank Tiziana Di Salvo, Luciano Burderi, Duncan Galloway, and Mike Wolff for useful discussions. We thank the referee for useful suggestions. This work was supported in part by NASA grants NNX07AP93G and NNX08AJ43G, awarded to MIT through the RXTE Guest Observer Program and the Astrophysics Data Program. NR 41 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 10 PY 2009 VL 702 IS 2 BP 1673 EP 1678 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/702/2/1673 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 487BI UT WOS:000269245000070 ER PT J AU Deneva, JS Cordes, JM Lazio, TJW AF Deneva, J. S. Cordes, J. M. Lazio, T. J. W. TI DISCOVERY OF THREE PULSARS FROM A GALACTIC CENTER PULSAR POPULATION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE pulsars: general; pulsars: individual (J1746-2850I, J1746-2850II, J1745-2910) ID SAGITTARIUS-A-ASTERISK; ARCHES CLUSTER; BLACK-HOLE; MASSIVE STARS; RADIO PULSARS; EMISSION; SCATTERING; REGION; IMAGE AB We report the discovery of three pulsars whose large dispersion measures (DMs) and angular proximity to Sgr A* indicate the existence of a Galactic center population of neutron stars. The relatively long periods (0.98-1.48 s) most likely reflect strong selection against short-period pulsars from radio-wave scattering at the observation frequency of 2 GHz used in our survey with the Green Bank Telescope. One object (PSR J1746-2850I) has a characteristic spindown age of only 13 kyr along with a high surface magnetic field similar to 4 x 10(13) G. It and a second object found in the same telescope pointing, PSR J1746-2850II (which has the highest known DM among pulsars), may have originated from recent star formation in the Arches or Quintuplet clusters given their angular locations. Along with a third object, PSR J1745-2910, and two similar high-dispersion, long-period pulsars reported by Johnston et al., the five objects found so far are 10-15 arcmin from Sgr A*, consistent with there being a large pulsar population in the Galactic center, most of whose members are undetectable in relatively low-frequency surveys because of pulse broadening from the same scattering volume that angularly broadens Sgr A* and OH/IR masers. C1 [Deneva, J. S.; Cordes, J. M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lazio, T. J. W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Deneva, JS (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. FU NRAO Student Support grant; 6.1 Base funding; NSF [AST0807151] FX We thank Paulo Freire and Scott Ransom for helpful discussions. The GBT is a telescope operated by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. J. S. D. was partially funded by an NRAO Student Support grant during this work. Basic research in radio astronomy at the NRL is supported by 6.1 Base funding. This work is supported at Cornell by NSF grant AST0807151. NR 27 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD SEP 10 PY 2009 VL 702 IS 2 BP L177 EP L181 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/702/2/L177 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 487BN UT WOS:000269245500017 ER PT J AU Siefring, CL Bernhardt, PA Roddy, PA Hunton, DE AF Siefring, Carl L. Bernhardt, Paul A. Roddy, Patrick A. Hunton, Donald E. TI Comparisons of equatorial irregularities measurements from C/NOFS: TEC using CERTO and CITRIS with in-situ plasma density SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MISSION AB Equatorial plasma density measurements using two techniques are analyzed. The unique instrument complement on C/NOFS (Communication/Navigations Outages Forecasting System) allows for the measurement of TEC (Total Electron Content) using the CERTO (Coherent Electromagnetic Radio TOmography) beacon and measurement of in-situ densities using the PLP (Planar Langmuir Probe). In a nearby orbit, the CITRIS (sCIntilation and TEC Receiver In Space) was available for complementary measurements. TEC was measured with 1) CERTO-CITRIS conjunctions that allow estimates of absolute TEC and 2) CITRIS with ground-based DORIS (Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite) beacons. The combination of the remote and in-situ techniques provides more information, enhanced believability for probe measurements as the satellite transitions from darkness to sunlight, as well as cross-calibration and better accuracy for both data sets. The measurements presented are taken in unusually quiet geomagnetic conditions and indicate equatorial irregularities are present nearly 80% of the time for nighttime measurements. Citation: Siefring, C. L., P. A. Bernhardt, P. A. Roddy, and D. E. Hunton (2009), Comparisons of equatorial irregularities measurements from C/NOFS: TEC using CERTOand CITRISwith in-situ plasma density, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L00C08, doi: 10.1029/2009GL038985. C1 [Siefring, Carl L.; Bernhardt, Paul A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Roddy, Patrick A.; Hunton, Donald E.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom Afb, MA 01731 USA. RP Siefring, CL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Code 6754,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM carl.siefring@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; Air Force Research Laboratory; Department of Defense Space Test Program; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); Naval Research Laboratory; Aerospace Corporation FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The C/NOFS mission is supported by the Air Force Research Laboratory, the Department of Defense Space Test Program, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the Naval Research Laboratory, and the Aerospace Corporation. The authors acknowledge the contributions of M. Long, I. Galysh, D. Koch, T. Rodilosso and T. MacDonald from NRL. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 9 PY 2009 VL 36 AR L00C08 DI 10.1029/2009GL038985 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 493RQ UT WOS:000269756000002 ER PT J AU Butler, JE Mankelevich, YA Cheesman, A Ma, J Ashfold, MNR AF Butler, J. E. Mankelevich, Y. A. Cheesman, A. Ma, Jie Ashfold, M. N. R. TI Understanding the chemical vapor deposition of diamond: recent progress SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Review ID FILAMENT ACTIVATED CH4/H-2; ATOMIC-SCALE SIMULATIONS; RING-DOWN SPECTROSCOPY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL DIAMOND; MODERATE PRESSURE H-2; C2H2/H-2 GAS-MIXTURES; MONTE-CARLO METHOD; HOT-FILAMENT; MICROWAVE-PLASMA; CVD-DIAMOND AB In this paper we review and provide an overview to the understanding of the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of diamond materials with a particular focus on the commonly used microwave plasma-activated chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD). The major topics covered are experimental measurements in situ to diamond CVD reactors, and MPCVD in particular, coupled with models of the gas phase chemical and plasma kinetics to provide insight into the distribution of critical chemical species throughout the reactor, followed by a discussion of the surface chemical process involved in diamond growth. C1 [Butler, J. E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mankelevich, Y. A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow 119991, Russia. [Cheesman, A.; Ma, Jie; Ashfold, M. N. R.] Univ Bristol, Sch Chem, Bristol BS8 1TS, Avon, England. RP Butler, JE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008; Mankelevich, Yuri/D-8162-2012; OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176; ashfold, michael/0000-0001-5762-7048 FU ONR/NRL; EPSRC; Element Six Ltd; University of Bristol; Overseas Research Scholarship (ORS); RF Government for Key Science Schools [133.2008.2]; Royal Society Joint Project FX JEB acknowledges the support of ONR/NRL. The Bristol group is grateful to: EPSRC for the award of a portfolio grant (LASER); Element Six Ltd for financial support and the long term loan of the MW reactor; University of Bristol and the Overseas Research Scholarship (ORS) scheme for a postgraduate scholarship (JM); and to colleagues K N Rosser, Drs J A Smith and C M Western, and Professor A J Orr-Ewing for their many contributions to the work described here. YuAM acknowledges support from the RF Government for Key Science Schools grant no. 133.2008.2. The Bristol Moscow collaboration is supported by a Royal Society Joint Project Grant. NR 137 TC 76 Z9 80 U1 11 U2 121 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD SEP 9 PY 2009 VL 21 IS 36 AR 364201 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/21/36/364201 PG 20 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 503HD UT WOS:000270523400002 PM 21832307 ER PT J AU Schwitters, M Martin, DS Unsworth, P Farrell, T Butler, JE Weightman, P AF Schwitters, M. Martin, D. S. Unsworth, P. Farrell, T. Butler, J. E. Weightman, P. TI Reflection anisotropy spectroscopy of the oxidized diamond (001) surface SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID OXIDATION; HYDROGEN; C(100); OXYGEN; STATES AB We report reflection anisotropy spectroscopy (RAS) measurements of the oxidized (001) surface of a type IIb natural diamond. These measurements were made possible due to recent developments in diamond surface preparation. We compare RAS results from the hydrogenated, clean and oxidized C(001) surface and demonstrate that RAS is sensitive to the structural transition of the surface from the 2 x 1 reconstruction of the clean surface to the 1 x 1 reconstruction of the oxidized surface. C1 [Schwitters, M.; Martin, D. S.; Unsworth, P.; Farrell, T.; Weightman, P.] Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Schwitters, M.; Martin, D. S.; Unsworth, P.; Farrell, T.; Weightman, P.] Univ Liverpool, Surface Sci Res Ctr, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Butler, J. E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Schwitters, M (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008 OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176 FU De Beers Diamond Research Committee FX MS and PW would like to acknowledge the De Beers Diamond Research Committee for the award of a fully funded PhD studentship. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD SEP 9 PY 2009 VL 21 IS 36 AR 364218 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/21/36/364218 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 503HD UT WOS:000270523400019 PM 21832324 ER PT J AU Arnold, SP Prokes, SM Perkins, FK Zaghloul, ME AF Arnold, S. P. Prokes, S. M. Perkins, F. K. Zaghloul, M. E. TI Design and performance of a simple, room-temperature Ga2O3 nanowire gas sensor SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE adsorbed layers; capacitance; electrodes; gallium compounds; gas sensors; nanofabrication; nanosensors; nanowires; semiconductor quantum wires; wide band gap semiconductors ID THIN-FILMS; OXYGEN VACANCY; BETA-GA2O3; O-2 AB Ga2O3 nanowire gas sensors were fabricated using the vapor-liquid-solid method of nanowire growth over platinum interdigitated electrodes. While cheaply and easily fabricated, the sensors are capable of detecting various analytes at room temperature. As analyte is adsorbed onto the nanowire surfaces, a change in the device capacitance is measured. Fast recovery of the sensing devices, without the use of an external heat source, allows these devices to operate at low power. Capacitance is seen to increase following a Freundlich isotherm in response to increasing concentrations of analyte vapors. C1 [Arnold, S. P.; Prokes, S. M.; Perkins, F. K.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zaghloul, M. E.] George Washington Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Arnold, SP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM stephen.arnold@nrl.navy.mil NR 19 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 4 U2 40 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 7 PY 2009 VL 95 IS 10 AR 103102 DI 10.1063/1.3223617 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 493GM UT WOS:000269723500048 ER PT J AU Hou, BX Nees, J Easter, J Davis, J Petrov, G Thomas, A Krushelnick, K AF Hou, Bixue Nees, John Easter, James Davis, Jack Petrov, George Thomas, Alexander Krushelnick, Karl TI MeV proton beams generated by 3 mJ ultrafast laser pulses at 0.5 kHz SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE glass; high-speed optical techniques; proton beams ID HIGH-INTENSITY LASER; PLASMA; ULTRASHORT; VACUUM; SOLIDS AB Well-collimated proton beams are generated from bulk glass along the target normal direction by tightly focused 55 fs, 3 mJ pulses from a laser operating at 0.5 kHz repetition rate. Proton beams with energies of >265 keV have an emission angle of about 16 degrees full width at half maximum. Spectral measurements indicate proton energies exceeding 0.5 MeV with a flux of 3.2x10(9) s(-1) sr(-1) and the flux of measured protons with energies of greater than 90 keV is 8.5x10(11) s(-1) sr(-1) on center. C1 [Hou, Bixue; Nees, John; Easter, James; Thomas, Alexander; Krushelnick, Karl] Univ Michigan, Ctr Ultrafast Opt Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Davis, Jack; Petrov, George] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hou, BX (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ctr Ultrafast Opt Sci, 2200 Bonisteel Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM houbx@eecs.umich.edu RI Nees, John/P-4905-2016; OI Nees, John/0000-0001-8277-9123; Thomas, Alexander/0000-0003-3206-8512 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA); Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); National Science Foundation Physics Frontier Center (FOCUS) FX The authors gratefully acknowledge helpful discussions with Dr. Louise Willingale, Dr. Takeshi Matsuoka, and Dr. Anatoly Maksimchuk. This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA), the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), and a National Science Foundation Physics Frontier Center (FOCUS). NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 7 PY 2009 VL 95 IS 10 AR 101503 DI 10.1063/1.3224180 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 493GM UT WOS:000269723500014 ER PT J AU Mackey, M Hiltner, A Baer, E Flandin, L Wolak, MA Shirk, JS AF Mackey, Matt Hiltner, Anne Baer, Eric Flandin, Lionel Wolak, Mason A. Shirk, James S. TI Enhanced breakdown strength of multilayered films fabricated by forced assembly microlayer coextrusion SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FLUORIDE) AB There is a need in electronic systems and pulsed power applications for capacitors with high energy density. From a material standpoint, capacitive energy density improves with increasing dielectric constant and/or breakdown strength. Current state-of-the-art polymeric capacitors are, however, limited in that their dielectric constant is low (2-4). Our approach to improve polymer film capacitors is to combine, through microlayer coextrusion, two polymers with complementary properties: one with a high breakdown strength (polycarbonate) and one with a high dielectric constant (polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene). As opposed to the monolith controls, multilayered films with various numbers of layers and compositions subjected to a pulsed voltage exhibit treeing patterns that hinder the breakdown process. Consequently, substantially enhanced breakdown strengths are measured in the mutilayered films. It is further shown, by varying the overall film thickness, that the charge at the tip of the needle electrode is a key parameter that controls treeing. Based on the acquired data, a breakdown mechanism is formulated to explain the increased dielectric strengths. Using the understanding gained from these systems, selection and optimization of future layered structures can be carried out to obtain additional property enhancements. C1 [Mackey, Matt; Hiltner, Anne; Baer, Eric] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Macromol Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Flandin, Lionel] Univ Savoie, CNRS, LMOPS, UMR 5041, F-73376 Le Bourget Du Lac, France. [Wolak, Mason A.; Shirk, James S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mackey, M (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Macromol Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM Anne.Hiltner@cwru.edu FU National Science Foundation [DMR 0423914]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-08-1-0321] FX material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No DMR 0423914 and the Office of Naval Research Grant No N00014-08-1-0321. NR 26 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 4 U2 31 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD SEP 7 PY 2009 VL 42 IS 17 AR 175304 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/42/17/175304 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 486LX UT WOS:000269199200025 ER PT J AU Metzgar, D Baynes, D Hansen, CJ McDonough, EA Cabrera, DR Ellorin, MM Blair, PJ Russell, KL Faix, DJ AF Metzgar, David Baynes, Darcie Hansen, Christian J. McDonough, Erin A. Cabrera, Daisy R. Ellorin, Melody M. Blair, Patrick J. Russell, Kevin L. Faix, Dennis J. TI Inference of Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence among Diverse Group A Streptococcus Strains Using emm Sequencing and Multilocus Genotyping Methods SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB Background: Group A Streptococcus pyogenes ( GAS) exhibits a high degree of clinically relevant phenotypic diversity. Strains vary widely in terms of antibiotic resistance (AbR), clinical severity, and transmission rate. Currently, strain identification is achieved by emm typing ( direct sequencing of the genomic segment coding for the antigenic portion of the M protein) or by multilocus genotyping methods. Phenotype analysis, including critical AbR typing, is generally achieved by much slower and more laborious direct culture-based methods. Methodology/Principal Findings: We compare genotype identification ( by emm typing and PCR/ESI-MS) with directly measured phenotypes ( AbR and outbreak associations) for 802 clinical isolates of GAS collected from symptomatic patients over a period of 6 years at 10 military facilities in the United States. All independent strain characterization methods are highly correlated. This shows that recombination, horizontal transfer, and other forms of reassortment are rare in GAS insofar as housekeeping genes, primary virulence and antibiotic resistance determinants, and the emm gene are concerned. Therefore, genotyping methods offer an efficient way to predict emm type and the associated AbR and virulence phenotypes. Conclusions/Significance: The data presented here, combined with much historical data, suggest that emm typing assays and faster molecular methods that infer emm type from genomic signatures could be used to efficiently infer critical phenotypic characteristics based on robust genotype: phenotype correlations. This, in turn, would enable faster and better-targeted responses during identified outbreaks of constitutively resistant or particularly virulent emm types. RP Metzgar, D (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Resp Dis Res, San Diego, CA USA. EM david.metzgar@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 4 PY 2009 VL 4 IS 9 AR e6897 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0006897 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 491ZF UT WOS:000269622100003 PM 19730733 ER PT J AU Pratap, R Parrish, D Gunda, P Venkataraman, D Lakshman, MK AF Pratap, Ramendra Parrish, Damon Gunda, Padmaja Venkataraman, D. Lakshman, Mahesh K. TI Influence of Biaryl Phosphine Structure on C-N and C-C Bond Formation SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CROSS-COUPLING REACTIONS; PALLADIUM-CATALYZED AMINATION; DIETARY MUTAGEN IQ; ARYL CHLORIDES; FORMING REACTIONS; UNPROTECTED HALONUCLEOSIDES; CYTOSTATIC ACTIVITY; PURINE NUCLEOSIDES; CHEMICAL-SYNTHESIS; GENERAL-SYNTHESIS AB In order to understand how electronic and other structural characteristics of biphenyl phosphine ligands affect Pd-catalyzed C-N and C-C bond-forming reactions, a new ligand, 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)-4'-(N,N-dimethylamino)-1,1'-biphenyl, was synthesized. This compound is isomeric with the commercially available 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)-2'-(N,N-dimethylamino)-1,1'-biphenyl that has been useful in C-N bond-forming reactions of nucleosides. The new p-dimethylamino biphenyl ligand bears electronic similarities to the o-dimethylamino isomer, but it also possesses structural similarities to 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)biphenyl, such as the unsubstituted ortho positions in the non-phosphine ring. Whereas 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)biphenyl can support catalysts for C-C bond formation, it was not effective in promoting aryl amination of a nucleoside substrate. However, the new ligand proved to be effective in promoting both aryl amination and C-C bond-forming reactions of nucleoside substrates, with some reactions even occurring at room temperature. Thus, the composite structural elements of this new ligand are thought to be criteria for reactivity of the catalytic system derived from it. We have probed the structures of the isomeric N,N-dimethylamino biphenyl ligands by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Interactions of the two ligands with Pd(OAC)(2) have been investigated by (31)P NMR, and they show substantial stoichiometry-dependent differences. These results have been compared to the interactions of Pd(OAc)(2) with 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)biphenyl as well as 2-(di-tert-butylphosphino)biphenyl, and they reveal marked differences as well. In this process, three cyclopalladated biaryl derivatives have been isolated and characterized by X-ray analysis. C1 [Pratap, Ramendra; Gunda, Padmaja; Lakshman, Mahesh K.] CUNY City Coll, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Parrish, Damon] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Venkataraman, D.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Lakshman, MK (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, Dept Chem, 160 Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031 USA. EM lakshman@sci.ccny.cuny.edu RI Venkataraman, Dhandapani/A-8226-2008; OI Venkataraman, Dhandapani/0000-0003-2906-0579; Pratap, Ramendra/0000-0003-1846-1561 FU NIH RCMI [G12 RR03060] FX This work was supported by NSF Grant CHE-0640417 and a PSC CUNY-39 award (M.K.L.). Infrastructural support at CCNY was provided by NIH RCMI Grant G12 RR03060. We thank Dr. Padmanava Pradhan (CCNY NMR laboratory manager) for assistance with several NMR experiments. NR 68 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 2 PY 2009 VL 131 IS 34 BP 12240 EP 12249 DI 10.1021/ja902679b PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 488VY UT WOS:000269379600055 PM 19655743 ER EF